dinoprostone profile

prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	5280360
CHEMBL ID	548
CHEBI ID	15551
SCHEMBL ID	25533
MeSH ID	M0023405

Synonym
AC-6098
HMS3268J12
BRD-K26521938-001-04-9
gtpl1883
[3h]-pge2
[3h]prostin e2
gtpl1916
nsc-196514
nsc196514
(5z,11alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
(5z,13e,15s)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
(e,z)-(1r,2r,3r)-7-(3-hydroxy-2-((3s)-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl))-5-oxocyclopentyl)-5-heptenoic acid
prepidil
dinoprostona
propess
CHEBI:15551 ,
dinoprostonum
dinoproston
bms-279654 & pge2
l-pge2
(5z,11alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic
l-prostaglandin e2
(5z,11-alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
minprositin e2
minprostin e2
l-7-(3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)-5-heptenoic acid
5-heptenoic acid, 7-(3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)-
5-heptenoic acid, 7-(3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)-, l-
7-(3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)-5-heptenoic acid
prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid, 11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-, (5z,11alpha,13e,15s)-
nsc 165560
glandin
nsc 196514
D00079 ,
prepidil (tn)
dinoprostone (jan/usp/inn)
cervidil (tn)
prostin e2 (tn)
dinoprostona [inn-spanish]
pge2 alpha
pge2alpha
einecs 206-656-6
prostaglandin e2 alpha
prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid, (5z,11-alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-
cervidil
dinoprostonum [inn-latin]
prostaglandin e2alpha
PRESTWICK_793
BSPBIO_001490
SMP2_000056
LMFA03010003
9-oxo-11r,15s-dihydroxy-5z,13e-prostadienoic acid
IDI1_033960
(5z,11.alpha.,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
(z)-7-[(1r,2r,3r)-3-hydroxy-2-[(e,3s)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]-5-oxo-cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid
(5z,13e)-(15s)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate
dinoprostone ,
363-24-6
pge2
(5z,13e)-(15s)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate
prostaglandin e2
C00584
prostin e2
u 12062
u-12062
prosta-5, 11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-, (5z,11.alpha.,13e,15s)-
(5z,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
prostarmon e
prostaglandin e(2)
nsc-165560
(15s)-prostaglandin e2
7-[3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl]-5-heptenoic acid
u,062
prostaglandin e2.alpha.
(-)-prostaglandin e2
prosta-5, (5z,11.alpha.,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-
nsc165560
prosta-5, 11,5-dihydroxy-9-oxo-, (5z,11.alpha.,13e,15s)-
5-heptenoic acid, 7-[3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl]-
(e,2r,3r)-7-[3-hydroxy-2-[(3s)-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)]-5-oxocyclopentyl]-5-heptenoic acid
cerviprost
prostaglandin e2, synthetic, powder, bioreagent, suitable for cell culture
prostaglandin e2, gamma-irradiated, powder, bioxtra, suitable for cell culture
prostaglandin e2, >=93% (hplc), synthetic
(z)-7-((1r,2r,3r)-3-hydroxy-2-((s,e)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid
dinoprostone prostaglandin e2
DB00917
NCGC00092361-02
NCGC00092361-01
NCGC00092361-03
c20h32o5
(z)-7-[(1r,2r,3r)-3-hydroxy-2-[(e,3s)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid
NCGC00092361-04
NCGC00092361-05
e2 alpha, prostaglandin
alpha, prostaglandin e2
e2alpha, prostaglandin
e2, prostaglandin
pge(2)
alpha, pge2
05D31BD5-818B-4A92-8CFC-BEC19926A5B3
HMS1989K12
HMS2089D17
prostarmon e2
[3h]pge2
chembl548 ,
[3h]dinoprostone
bdbm35847
[3h]prostaglandin e2
dinoprostone beta-cyclodextrin clathrate
enzaprost e
u-12,062
BML1-F07 ,
HMS1791K12
HMS1361K12
dinoprostone [usan:usp:inn:ban:jan]
k7q1jqr04m ,
unii-k7q1jqr04m
prostenone
cerviprime
(z)-7-((1r,2r,3r)-3-hydroxy-2-((s,e)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acid
A823207
P1884
dtxcid002947
cas-363-24-6
tox21_111196
dtxsid4022947 ,
AKOS015920228
S3003
prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid, 11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-, (5z,11.alpha.,13e,15s)-
dinoprostone [usp-rs]
dinoprostone [mart.]
(e,z)-(1r,2r,3r)-7-[3-hydroxy-2-[(3s)-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)]-5-oxocyclopentyl]-5-heptenoic acid
alprostadil impurity g [ep impurity]
dinoprostone [ep monograph]
dinoprostone [who-dd]
dinoprostone [jan]
dinoprostone [orange book]
dinoprostone [usp monograph]
dinoprostone [usp impurity]
dinoprostone [inn]
prostaglandin e2 [mi]
dinoprostone [vandf]
dinoprostone [usan]
CCG-208256
CCG-208092
SCHEMBL25533
tox21_111196_1
p2e ,
J-502620
prostaglandin e
2-amino-1-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-ethanonehydrochloride
(5z,11?,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-prosta-5,13-dien-1oic acid
(5z,11alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-o xo-prosta-5,13-dien-1oic acid
HB3460
HMS3402K12
HMS3648F07
mfcd00077861
(5z,11i+/-,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid
sr-05000001459
SR-05000001459-4
dinoprostone, united states pharmacopeia (usp) reference standard
dinoprostone, european pharmacopoeia (ep) reference standard
SR-05000001459-3
SR-05000001459-1
(5z)-7-[(1r,2r,3r)-3-hydroxy-2-[(1e,3s)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid
AS-71847
prosta-glandin e2
EX-A1773
HY-101952
(5z,13e,15s)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-5,13-dienoate
(5z,13e)-(15s)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoic acid
(5z,13e,15s)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-5,13-dienoic acid
(5z,13e)-(15s)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid
CS-6932
(5z,11alpha,12alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
Q416554
HMS3677C20
SR-01000946417-1
sr-01000946417
HMS3413C20
AMY30102
prostaglandin e2 (pge2)
dinoprostone 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
dinoprostone; (z)-7-[(1r,2r,3r)-3-hydroxy-2-[(e)-(3s)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid; pge2
22230-04-2
(+/-)-prostaglandin e2
DTXSID00859353
EN300-22411484
5z,11alpha,13e,15s)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-rosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid
CS-0626105
prostaglandin e2 (gmp)
HY-101952G
dinoprostone (usp impurity)
dinoprostone (usp-rs)
dinoprostone (ep monograph)
glandin-e2
g02ad02
dinoprostonum (inn-latin)
dinoprostone (mart.)
dinoprostone (usp monograph)
dinoprostona (inn-spanish)
alprostadil impurity g (ep impurity)
dinoprostone (usan:usp:inn:ban:jan)

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Dinoprostone gel is an established method but having some drawbacks."	( Comparison of fetal safety of vaginal Misoprostol tablet and Dinoprostone gel for induction of labor: An open-label randomized control trial. Bag, T; Chakraborty, A; Das, P; Mistri, PK; Pande, A; Rakshit, BM; Samanta, A, 2023)	1.87
"Dinoprostone appears to be a safe alternative for induction of labor in pregnancies with oligohydramnios. "	( Prostaglandin E2 induction of labor and cervical ripening for term isolated oligohydramnios in pregnant women with Bishop score ≤ 5. Cinar, M; Dogan, NU; Gülerman, C; Gun-Eryılmaz, O; Haktankaçmaz, S; Kansu-Celik, H; Yilmaz, SS, 2017)	1.9

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Dinoprostone has been the standard of care for cervical ripening in term pregnancies."	( The pharmacology of prostaglandins for induction of labor. Lassiter, N; Yount, SM, )	0.85

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Prostaglandins (PGs) have been shown to cytoprotect various tissue types against the toxic effects of many chemicals."	( The cytoprotective properties of prostaglandin E2 against the toxic effects of actinomycin C on embryonic neural retina cells. Dymond, JB; Kalmus, GW, 1992)	0.28
" Patients recorded their drug compliance, antacid use, ulcer symptoms, and adverse experiences daily."	( Enprostil and cimetidine: comparative efficacy and safety in patients with duodenal ulcer. Almström, C; Carling, L; Cronstedt, J; Ekström, P; Hägg, S; Hansson, B; Unge, P, 1987)	0.27
" Separated plasma was not toxic towards K562 targets, and failed to potentiate the level of PBMC cytotoxicity through ADCC."	( A modified short-term cytotoxicity test: assessment of natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity in whole blood. Platts, AA; Rees, RC, 1983)	0.27
" Neither mother experienced fetal extrusion or adverse maternal or fetal sequelae."	( Trial of labor after cesarean delivery with a lower-segment, vertical uterine incision: is it safe? Blake, PG; Chauhan, SP; Martin, JN; Naef, RW; Ray, MA; Roach, H, 1995)	0.29
" The gel was associated with more adverse uterine effects and a poorer fetal outcome than the tablet."	( Efficacy and safety of a 2-tier prostaglandin labor induction schedule. Lüftner, D; Rath, W; Schneider, KT, 1994)	0.29
"The higher adverse uterine event rate with the gel should be viewed against the backdrop of the low Bishop score."	( Efficacy and safety of a 2-tier prostaglandin labor induction schedule. Lüftner, D; Rath, W; Schneider, KT, 1994)	0.29
" Few data exist on the frequency of adverse effects of prostaglandins in these patients."	( Toxic effects of intravenous and oral prostaglandin E therapy in patients with liver disease. Altraif, I; Blendis, L; Cattral, MS; Greig, PD; Levy, GA, 1994)	0.29
" Twenty-three of 25 patients (92%) who received high-dose oral PGE1 or PGE2 incurred arthritis and/or gastrointestinal adverse effects."	( Toxic effects of intravenous and oral prostaglandin E therapy in patients with liver disease. Altraif, I; Blendis, L; Cattral, MS; Greig, PD; Levy, GA, 1994)	0.29
"PGE therapy resulted in a wide spectrum of multisystem adverse effects which were reversible with reduction or cessation of therapy."	( Toxic effects of intravenous and oral prostaglandin E therapy in patients with liver disease. Altraif, I; Blendis, L; Cattral, MS; Greig, PD; Levy, GA, 1994)	0.29
"We investigated the relationship between the toxic effects of metal wear particles and their ability to stimulate the release of inflammatory mediators implicated in bone resorption."	( The differences in toxicity and release of bone-resorbing mediators induced by titanium and cobalt-chromium-alloy wear particles. Hay, S; Haynes, DR; Howie, DW; Pearcy, MJ; Rogers, SD, 1993)	0.29
"Intravaginal misoprostol is a safe drug for labor induction with superior effectiveness compared with intravaginal prostaglandin E2."	( A double-blind comparison of the safety and efficacy of intravaginal misoprostol and prostaglandin E2 to induce labor. Boesiger, H; Hoesli, I; Holzgreve, W; Pavic, N; Surbek, DV, 1997)	0.3
"Compared with prostaglandin E2, misoprostol is more effective in cervical ripening and induction of labor, is as safe for patients who do not have a history of cesarean birth, may carry a higher incidence of uterine rupture, and should not be used for patients attempting vaginal birth after previous cesarean delivery."	( Comparison of the safety and efficacy of intravaginal misoprostol (prostaglandin E1) with those of dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) for cervical ripening and induction of labor in a community hospital. Blanchette, HA; Erasmus, S; Nayak, S, 1999)	0.52
"Our results suggest that extra amniotic prostaglandin infusion is an effective and safe technique in women with a uterine scar."	( Induced second trimester abortion by extra-amniotic prostaglandin infusion in patients with a cesarean scar: is it safe? Beyth, Y; Fejgin, MD; Goldberger, S; Shapira, S, 1999)	0.3
" Extra-amniotic prostaglandin infusion was therefore an effective and safe technique for second trimester pregnancy termination among women with previous uterine scar."	( Induced second trimester abortion by extra-amniotic prostaglandin infusion in patients with a cesarean scar: is it safe? Beyth, Y; Fejgin, MD; Goldberger, S; Shapira, S, 1999)	0.3
" The better GI tolerability of meloxicam was also suggested by fewer adverse GI events and no withdrawals due to adverse events compared with piroxicam."	( Endoscopic comparison of the gastroduodenal safety and the effects on arachidonic acid products between meloxicam and piroxicam in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chang, DM; Hsieh, TC; Hsu, CT; Kuo, SY; Young, TH, 2001)	0.31
"In this moderate-sized study, we may conclude that when there is no absolute indication for repeating cesarean section, induction of labor may be a safe option in these high-risk women."	( Induction of labor in grand multiparous women and previous cesarean section: is it safe? Abu-Heija, AT; Ali, AM, 2002)	0.31
" HA incubated with 0, 50 or 350 mmol/L of ethanol for up to 24 h showed toxic effects that were proportional to the levels of ethanol in the medium, HA showed increased levels of heat shock protein (Hsp70)."	( Protective effect of vitamin C against the ethanol mediated toxic effects on human brain glial cells. Madrid, A; Martín, A; Paniagua, M; Sánchez-Moreno, C, 2003)	0.32
" In addition, uninfected neurons treated with squalestatin became resistant to the otherwise toxic effect of PrP peptides, a synthetic miniprion (sPrP106) or partially purified prion preparations."	( Squalestatin cures prion-infected neurons and protects against prion neurotoxicity. Bate, C; Diomede, L; Salmona, M; Williams, A, 2004)	0.32
" In the present study, neurones treated with three different phospholipase A2 inhibitors were resistant to the toxic effects of PrP peptides or a synthetic miniprion (sPrP106)."	( The role of platelet activating factor in prion and amyloid-beta neurotoxicity. Bate, C; Salmona, M; Williams, A, 2004)	0.32
" In addition, neurons treated with inositol monophosphate or sialic acid were resistant to the otherwise toxic effects of sPrP106, HuPrP82-146 or prion preparations."	( Role of glycosylphosphatidylinositols in the activation of phospholipase A2 and the neurotoxicity of prions. Bate, C; Williams, A, 2004)	0.32
" Our study was focussed on the toxic effects induced "in vitro" on human oral epithelium by the exposure to low concentrations of nickel chloride."	( Toxic effect of nickel in an in vitro model of human oral epithelium. Cimino, F; Cristani, M; Mondello, MR; Pergolizzi, S; Saija, A; Trombetta, D, 2005)	0.33
" The toxic effects of mylabris on bladder are attributed to its active principle: cantharidin."	( Cantharidin-induced cytotoxicity and cyclooxygenase 2 expression in human bladder carcinoma cell line. Huan, SK; Lee, HH; Liu, DZ; Wang, CC; Wu, CC, 2006)	0.33
" These results suggest that rotenone-induced activation of ROS/PI3K/Akt pathway in THP-1 cells leads to the release of factors that are toxic to SH-SY5Y cells and have implications for the onset of Parkinson's disease."	( Rotenone-induced neurotoxicity of THP-1 cells requires production of reactive oxygen species and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Hu, JH; Zhu, XZ, 2007)	0.34
" PGE(2), 16-phenyl tetranor PGE(2) (a stable synthetic analogue), and 17-phenyl trinor PGE(2) (an EP1 receptor-selective agonist) were significantly toxic to dopaminergic cells at nanomolar concentrations; EP2- and EP3-selective agonists were not."	( PGE(2) receptor EP1 renders dopaminergic neurons selectively vulnerable to low-level oxidative stress and direct PGE(2) neurotoxicity. Carrasco, E; Casper, D; Werner, P, 2007)	0.34
" Finally, strong data exist to suggest that NG440 is a safe formula for human consumption."	( Clinical safety and efficacy of NG440: a novel combination of rho iso-alpha acids from hops, rosemary, and oleanolic acid for inflammatory conditions. Bland, JS; Carroll, B; Darland, G; Hall, A; Katke, J; Lamb, J; Lerman, RH; Minich, DM; Tripp, M, 2007)	0.34
" Here we report that three acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors, TMP-153, FR179254 or YIC-C8-434, were more toxic to prion-infected neuronal cell lines (ScGT1 and ScN2a cells) than to their uninfected equivalents (GT1 and N2a cells)."	( Cholesterol esterification reduces the neurotoxicity of prions. Bate, C; Tayebi, M; Williams, A, 2008)	0.35
" Vaginal Misoprostol 25 microg 4-hourly is safe and effective for induction of labour with shorter induction to delivery interval."	( Prospective randomised controlled trial to compare safety and efficacy of intravaginal Misoprostol with intracervical Cerviprime for induction of labour with unfavourable cervix. Aggarwal, N; Krithika, KS; Suri, V, 2008)	0.35
"IMS2186 may be a safe intraocular therapeutic agent for intraocular proliferation and angiogenesis."	( Toxicity and intraocular properties of a novel long-acting anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic compound IMS2186. Barron, EC; Cheng, L; Falkenstein, IA; Freeman, WR; Hysell, M; Ke, N; Li, QX; Liu, G; Macdonald, JE; Silva, GA; Tammewar, AM; Wong-Staal, F; Yu, D, 2008)	0.35
" Our study demonstrated that a combination of aspirin and gammaT, but not a combination of aspirin and alphaT, has some advantage over aspirin alone in terms of anti-inflammatory effects and attenuation of aspirin-induced adverse effects."	( A combination of aspirin and gamma-tocopherol is superior to that of aspirin and alpha-tocopherol in anti-inflammatory action and attenuation of aspirin-induced adverse effects. Ames, BN; Jiang, Q; Moreland, M; Yin, X, 2009)	0.35
" As naproxen has been demonstrated to be associated with the lowest cardiovascular adverse events in comparison with both COX-2 selective inhibitors and conventional NSAIDs, we have been developing a Naproxen-PC formulation for evaluation in animal models and clinical trials."	( Naproxen-PC: a GI safe and highly effective anti-inflammatory. Dial, EJ; Lichtenberger, LM; Moore, JE; Romero, JJ, 2009)	0.35
"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with a risk of serious adverse events."	( Anti-inflammatory effects and gastrointestinal safety of NNU-hdpa, a novel dual COX/5-LOX inhibitor. Ao, GZ; He, SY; Ju, M; Liu, F; Xu, GL; Xue, T; Zhao, Y, 2009)	0.35
" Uterine hyperstimulation with fetal heart rate deceleration and other maternal or fetal adverse events are rare but unpredictable."	( Outpatient induction -- how safe. Rath, WH, 2009)	0.35
" These observations prompted us to investigate whether PGE2 plays a role in host defence to toxic effect of APAP."	( The role of prostaglandin E2 in acute acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice. Cavar, I; Culo, F; Kelava, T; Saraga-Babić, M; Vukojević, K, 2010)	0.36
" This may offer a novel therapeutic target for management of the adverse effect of cisplatin chemotherapy."	( Amelioration of cisplatin nephrotoxicity by genetic or pharmacologic blockade of prostaglandin synthesis. Aoyagi, T; Jia, Z; Liu, H; Wang, H; Wang, N; Yang, T, 2011)	0.37
"Our data provide evidence that support the usage of Cymbopogon citratus leaves extract in traditional medicine, and suggest that Cy, in particular its polyphenolic compounds, could constitute a natural source of a new and safe anti-inflammatory drug."	( Cymbopogon citratus as source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs: bio-guided assay using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Batista, MT; Cruz, MT; Figueirinha, A; Francisco, V; García-Rodríguez, C; Lopes, MC; Neves, BM, 2011)	0.37
" Resin monomers are the main toxic components in DBA, and the ester group is crucial for monomer toxicity."	( Carboxylesterase expression in human dental pulp cells: role in regulation of BisGMA-induced prostanoid production and cytotoxicity. Chan, CP; Chang, MC; Chuang, FH; Jeng, JH; Jeng, PY; Lee, JJ; Lin, HJ; Lin, LD; Tseng, WY; Wang, TM, 2012)	0.38
" We examined the possibility that concurrent blockade of free radicals and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2))-mediated inflammation might constitute a safe and effective therapeutic approach to ALS."	( Concurrent blockade of free radical and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1-mediated PGE2 production improves safety and efficacy in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cho, W; Gwag, BJ; Im, DS; Lee, JH; Lee, JK; Lee, YA; Lee, YB; Shin, JH; Springer, JE; Yun, BS, 2012)	0.38
" Of the many adjuvant formulations that are under development, very few are licensed mainly due to concerns about adverse side effects."	( Use of human MonoMac6 cells for development of in vitro assay predictive of adjuvant safety in vivo. Beren, J; Blinova, K; Drane, D; Golding, H; Romantseva, T; Sirota, L; Zaitseva, M, 2012)	0.38
"Low dose PGE2 is a safe and efficient method for induction of labor in grandmultiparous and great-grandmultiparous women."	( Safety of labor induction with prostaglandin E2 in grandmultiparous women. Barzilay, E; Chayen, B; Haas, J; Harel, L; Hendler, I; Lebovitz, O; Yinon, Y, 2013)	0.39
"Twenty-four-hour use of Cervidil(®) is likely as safe as 12-h use for induction of labour in nulliparous women."	( Dinoprostone vaginal pessary for induction of labour: safety of use for up to 24 h. Harris, LJ; Kimble, RM; O'Rourke, P; Tathem, K, 2012)	1.82
" However, Jatropha seed oil and other plant parts are toxic due to the presence of phorbol esters (PEs)."	( Occular and dermal toxicity of Jatropha curcas phorbol esters. Becker, K; Devappa, RK; Makkar, HP; Roach, JS, 2013)	0.39
"Low dose PGE2 is a relative safe method for induction of labor in grandmultiparous women with a previous cesarean section."	( Safety of low-dose prostaglandin E2 induction in grandmultiparous women with previous cesarean delivery. Barzilay, E; Chayen, B; Haas, J; Harel, L; Lebovitz, O; Mazaki-Tovi, S; Yinon, Y, 2014)	0.4
"Combination therapies may increase the antitumor effects and reduce the adverse effects for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma."	( Enhanced 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity in high COX-2 expressing hepatocellular carcinoma cells by wogonin via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Guo, QL; Lu, ZJ; Sha, YY; Yao, J; You, QD; Zhao, L; Zhao, Q; Zhu, BB, 2013)	0.39
"Because oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have adverse effects on kidney function, patients with kidney diseases are administered these drugs as transdermal patches."	( Safety and efficacy of skin patches containing loxoprofen sodium in diabetic patients with overt nephropathy. Araki, H; Araki, S; Isshiki, K; Kashiwagi, A; Kume, S; Kuwagata, S; Maegawa, H; Morita, Y; Soumura, M; Uzu, T; Yamahara, K, 2014)	0.4
"Low-dosage misoprostol required more time than dinoprostone to induce labour, but the two drugs were equally safe in terms of the risk of caesarean section and foetal outcomes."	( Safe induction of labour with low-dose misoprostol, but less effective than the conventional dinoprostone regimen. Bergholt, T; Løkkegaard, EC; Petersen, JF, 2013)	0.87
"Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is primarily limited by renal and gastrointestinal adverse effects."	( Effects of rebamipide on nephrotoxicity associated with selected NSAIDs in rats. Bullins, KW; Denham, JW; Hanley, AV; Hanley, GA; Harirforoosh, S; Panus, PC; Wood, RC; Wyatt, JE, 2013)	0.39
"The assessment of safety in traditional toxicology protocols relies on evidence arising from observed adverse events (AEs) in animals and on establishing their correlation with different measures of drug exposure (e."	( Model-based analysis of thromboxane B₂ and prostaglandin E₂ as biomarkers in the safety evaluation of naproxen. Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, O; Sahota, T; Sanderson, I, 2014)	0.4
"In this moderate-sized study, induction of labor may be a safe option in grand multiparous women, if there is no absolute induction for repeating CS."	( Induction of labor in grand multiparous women with previous cesarean delivery: how safe is this? Al-Harmi, J; Al-Saleh, E; Chibber, R; Foda, M; Mohammed K, Z; Mohammed, AT, 2015)	0.42
"Study data indicate that oral misoprostol and vaginal dinoprostone are similarly effective and safe for the induction of labor in twin gestations."	( Induction of labor in twin pregnancies with oral misoprostol versus vaginal dinoprostone--is it effective and safe? Huber, G; Schütz, H; Seelbach-Göbel, B, 2015)	0.89
" The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed that AGE was not toxic up to 1000 μg/mL and was at least four times less cytotoxic than RGE."	( aged black garlic exerts anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing no and proinflammatory cytokine production with less cytoxicity in LPS-stimulated raw 264.7 macrophages and LPS-induced septicemia mice. Kim, HJ; Kim, MJ; Kim, MR; Min, AY; Shin, SK; Sohn, EJ; Sung, NY; Yoo, YC, 2014)	0.4
" Labour induction with Propess(®) is safe during both midwife-led and obstetrician-led labour management."	( Is induction of labour by Propess(®) safe? A comparison of midwife-led versus obstetrician-led labour management. Balik, G; Bayoglu Tekin, Y; Guvendag Guven, ES; Kerimoglu, OS; Kir Sahin, F; Mete Ural, U, 2015)	0.42
"Despite the increasing importance of biomarkers as predictors of drug effects, toxicology protocols continue to rely on the experimental evidence of adverse events (AEs) as a basis for establishing the link between indicators of safety and drug exposure."	( Model-based prediction of the acute and long-term safety profile of naproxen in rats. Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, O; Sahota, T; Sanderson, I, 2015)	0.42
" As both dietary vitamin D and calcitriol treatments inhibit breast estrogen synthesis and signaling, we hypothesized that vitamin D would be especially beneficial in mitigating the adverse effects of obesity on ER+BCa."	( Vitamin D mitigates the adverse effects of obesity on breast cancer in mice. Aggarwal, A; Albertelli, MA; Feldman, BJ; Feldman, D; Horst, RL; Krishnan, AV; Swami, S; Williams, J, 2016)	0.43
"To assess adverse event (AE) resolution, delivery mode and neonatal outcomes after misoprostol or dinoprostone vaginal insert (MVI or DVI) retrieval due to AE during induction of labour (IOL)."	( Induction of labour with retrievable prostaglandin vaginal inserts: outcomes following retrieval due to an intrapartum adverse event. Powers, B; Rugarn, O; Tipping, D; Wing, DA, 2017)	0.67
"Induction with prostaglandin vaginal inserts: outcomes following retrieval due to intrapartum adverse event."	( Induction of labour with retrievable prostaglandin vaginal inserts: outcomes following retrieval due to an intrapartum adverse event. Powers, B; Rugarn, O; Tipping, D; Wing, DA, 2017)	0.46
" No significant differences were found in the length of the first stage of labor, the vaginal delivery rate, adverse reactions, or fetal outcomes between the two groups."	( [Clinical efficacy and safety of controlled-release dinoprostone insert: a multicenter retrospective study]. An, SL; Chen, DJ; Chen, H; Chen, X; Guo, YW; Li, XY; Wang, XY; Wang, ZJ; Wu, XX; Xu, YW; Zhang, JP; Zhu, B, 2017)	0.71
"Controlled-release dinoprostone insert is effective and safe for labor induction at term."	( [Clinical efficacy and safety of controlled-release dinoprostone insert: a multicenter retrospective study]. An, SL; Chen, DJ; Chen, H; Chen, X; Guo, YW; Li, XY; Wang, XY; Wang, ZJ; Wu, XX; Xu, YW; Zhang, JP; Zhu, B, 2017)	1.03
"Cutaneous reactions represent one of the most common adverse drug effects observed in clinical trials leading to substantial compound attrition."	( Mechanisms of Skin Toxicity Associated with Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Negative Allosteric Modulators. Berg, EL; Folias, AE; Houle, C; Marcek, J; O'Mahony, A; Shaffer, CL; Shah, F; Stanton, R; Stepan, AF; Velichko, S; Whritenour, J, 2017)	0.46
" No differences were observed in rates of uterine tachysystole, non-reassuring foetal status and neonatal adverse events."	( Efficacy and safety of misoprostol, dinoprostone and Cook's balloon for labour induction in women with foetal growth restriction at term. Arjona-Berral, JE; Castelo-Branco, C; de la Torre González, AJ; Duro-Gómez, J; Garrido-Oyarzún, MF; Rodríguez-Marín, AB, 2017)	0.73
" Extensive studies to detect adverse response ranged from a gross examination of eyes under slit lamp biomicroscope, fluorescein dye test, Schirmer tear test, test for corneal sensitivity, intraocular pressure measurement (IOP), specular microscopy, electroretinography(ERG), and histopathological examination of intraocular tissues."	( Intracameral Use of Nepafenac: Safety and Efficacy Study. Bhattacharjee, A; Ghosh, T; Hazra, S; Jha, R; Konar, A; Kumar, V; Sur, V, 2018)	0.48
"The proposed study seeks to gather evidence on which of these three therapeutic options achieves the highest rate of vaginal delivery with the best safety profile, to enable obstetricians to use the most effective and safe option for their patients."	( Efficacy and safety of administering oral misoprostol by titration compared to vaginal misoprostol and dinoprostone for cervical ripening and induction of labour: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial. Álvarez-Sala, J; Barbero, L; Bilbao, I; Echevarria, O; Fariñas, A; Hernanz Chaves, R; Lapuente-Ocamica, O; Lasa, IL; Lopez-Lopez, JA; Lopez-Picado, A; Paz Corral, D; Sanchez-Refoyo, F; Ugarte, L; Vicarregui, J, 2019)	0.73
"The results of the study suggest that oral administration of 200 mg mifepristone in term patients is an effective method of labor induction; and is more convenient and equally safe as compared to intravaginal instillation of dinoprostone."	( Safety and efficacy of mifepristone versus dinoprostone gel in induction of labor: A randomized controlled trial. Dhiman, B; Jamwal, A; Jindal, N; Kandoria, M; Rao, R, 2019)	0.96
" In addition, antioxidant activity of CNCP was evaluated and its safe dose was identified."	( In vivo acute toxicity and anti-gastric evaluation of a novel dichloro Schiff base: Bax and HSP70 alteration. Hussaini, J; Khalilzadeh, M; Majid, NA; Rad, SK; Saremi, K, 2020)	0.56
"Oral misoprosol is a safe method for labor induction in SGA near-term and term pregnancies and, concerning the neonatal outcome, comparable with other methods of labor induction or primary CS."	( Safety of misoprostol for near-term and term induction in small-for-gestational-age pregnancies compared to dinoprostone and primary cesarean section: results of a retrospective cohort study. Bachmann, E; Battista, MJ; Hasenburg, A; Steetskamp, J, 2020)	0.77
" Neonatal parameters like 1 min Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration score and neonatal intensive care unit admission were comparable, and there was no significant difference in terms of major adverse events and side effects."	( Comparison of fetal safety of vaginal Misoprostol tablet and Dinoprostone gel for induction of labor: An open-label randomized control trial. Bag, T; Chakraborty, A; Das, P; Mistri, PK; Pande, A; Rakshit, BM; Samanta, A, 2023)	1.15
"Misoprostol is a safe alternative to Dinoprostone gel for induction of labor and found to be more effective labor-inducing agent."	( Comparison of fetal safety of vaginal Misoprostol tablet and Dinoprostone gel for induction of labor: An open-label randomized control trial. Bag, T; Chakraborty, A; Das, P; Mistri, PK; Pande, A; Rakshit, BM; Samanta, A, 2023)	1.42

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Peak plasma concentrations occurred 2 to 4 hr postdosing and the half-life was 8 to 15 hr over the 1- to 250-mg/kg/day dose range."	( Correlation of anti-inflammatory activity with peak tissue rather than peak plasma levels of BF389. Bendele, AM; Benslay, DN; Lee, SJ; Lindstrom, TD; Naismith, RW; Ruterbories, KJ; Spaethe, SM, 1992)	0.28
"We sought to determine bronchial vascular metabolic and pharmacokinetic activity toward benzoyl-Phe-Ala-Pro (BPAP), ADP, adenosine, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by developing an isolated sheep bronchial circulation preparation."	( Metabolic and pharmacokinetic activity of the isolated sheep bronchial circulation. Grantham, CJ; Jackowski, JT; Ryan, US; Wanner, A, 1989)	0.28
"Disposition of 1-benzenesulfonyl-5,5-diphenylhydantoin (II) having a potent anti-inflammatory activity was compared with that of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin (I), an antiepileptic drug, in order to elucidate whether the pharmacodynamic difference between them can be explained by their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties."	( Biopharmaceutical studies on hydantoin derivatives. V. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin and 1-benzenesulfonyl-5,5-diphenylhydantoin. Fujioka, H; Kishi, M; Masuda, Y; Miyazaki, H; Tan, T; Yokoyama, Y, 1986)	0.27
" FCE 20700 (5 micrograms/ml, sc) did not change, by itself, either SGPT or diazepam pharmacokinetic parameters, but significantly antagonized the changes induced by CC14 (SGPT: 45."	( Carbon tetrachloride-induced pharmacokinetic changes of diazepam in rats are reduced by a stable analogue of prostaglandin E2 : FCE 20700. Ceserani, R; Costa, G; Padovano, I; Puzzolo, D; Saija, A, 1985)	0.27
" For example, plasma levels of the pulmonary metabolite can be quantitated and used as an index of the pharmacokinetic disposition of PGE2 because its metabolite forms almost instantaneously and completely, in vivo."	( A radioimmunoassay for the unstable pulmonary metabolites of prostaglandin E1 and E2: an indirect index of their in vivo disposition and pharmacokinetics. Bothwell, W; Daniels, EG; Fitzpatrick, FA; Verburg, M; Wynalda, M, 1982)	0.26
" Both enantiomers distributed into peripheral subcutaneous tissue cage fluids, but Cmax and AUC values were lower for both transudate (non-stimulated tissue cage fluid) and exudate (induced by the intracaveal administration of the irritant carrageenan) than for plasma."	( Stereospecific pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of carprofen in the dog. Delatour, P; Lees, P; McKellar, QA, 1994)	0.29
" We tested the hypotheses that alterations in the metabolic clearance rate and the half-life of angiotensin II account for reduced pressor dose-responses during gestation and that angiotensin II increases circulating levels of vasodilatory prostaglandins I2 and E2 relative to thromboxane A2."	( Angiotensin II metabolic clearance rate and pressor responses in nonpregnant and pregnant women. Cox, K; Gant, NF; Magness, RR; Rosenfeld, CR, 1994)	0.29
" The angiotensin II metabolic clearance rate and half-life were similar in nonpregnant and pregnant women: metabolic clearance rate = 85 +/- 10 versus 68 +/- 3 ml/min."	( Angiotensin II metabolic clearance rate and pressor responses in nonpregnant and pregnant women. Cox, K; Gant, NF; Magness, RR; Rosenfeld, CR, 1994)	0.29
"7 mg racemic carprofen/kg bwt, mean values for pharmacokinetic parameters were 18."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of carprofen in the horse. Lees, P; Ludwig, B; May, SA; McKellar, Q, 1994)	0.29
" Pharmacodynamic properties were evaluated using a model of acute inflammation, comprising subcutaneously implanted tissue cages stimulated by intracaveal injection of carrageenan."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ketoprofen enantiomers in calves. Landoni, MF; Lees, P, 1995)	0.29
" Tolfenamic acid pharmacokinetics were characterized by a relatively short tmax (0."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid in ruminating calves: evaluation in models of acute inflammation. Foot, R; Gettinby, G; Lees, P; McKellar, QA, 1998)	0.3
" Volume of distribution was greater for S(+) vedaprofen, whilst elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)) and mean residence time were greater for R(-) vedaprofen."	( A pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study with vedaprofen in an equine model of acute nonimmune inflammation. Coert, A; Hoeijmakers, M; Lees, P; May, SA; Rens, PV, 1999)	0.3
"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters were established for the enantiomers of the 2-arylpropionic acid (APA) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ketoprofen (KTP)."	( Enantiospecific pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ketoprofen in sheep. Anglarilli, G; Bidal, D; Comas, W; Landoni, MF; Lees, P; Mucci, N, 1999)	0.3
" This randomized, partially double-blind, controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of the NSAID, ketoprofen (KTP), on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) prostanoids."	( Pharmacodynamic effects of ketoprofen on crevicular fluid prostanoids in adult periodontitis. Annett, M; Binder, TA; Friedman, M; Lawrence, HP; McCombs, GB; Offenbacher, S; Paquette, DW; Smith, PC; Troullos, E; Wilder, R, 2000)	0.31
"To establish pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a racemic mixture and individual R(-) and S(+) enantiomeric forms of ketoprofen (KTP) in sheep and determine pharmacodynamic variables of KTP by pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen enantiomers in sheep. Arifah, AK; Frean, SP; Landoni, MF; Lees, P, 2001)	0.31
"Both KTP enantiomers had elimination half-life and mean residence time measurements that were short and volume of the central compartment and steady state volume of distribution that were low."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen enantiomers in sheep. Arifah, AK; Frean, SP; Landoni, MF; Lees, P, 2001)	0.31
" Data were evaluated with a population pharmacokinetic model that integrated pharmacogenetic information."	( Enantiospecific effects of cytochrome P450 2C9 amino acid variants on ibuprofen pharmacokinetics and on the inhibition of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2. Brockmöller, J; Freytag, G; Kirchheiner, J; Meineke, I; Meisel, C; Roots, I, 2002)	0.31
"The reduced S-ibuprofen total clearance accompanied by increased pharmacodynamic activity may have medical impact in patients receiving ibuprofen."	( Enantiospecific effects of cytochrome P450 2C9 amino acid variants on ibuprofen pharmacokinetics and on the inhibition of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2. Brockmöller, J; Freytag, G; Kirchheiner, J; Meineke, I; Meisel, C; Roots, I, 2002)	0.31
"4 mg/kg in a three-period cross-over study incorporating a placebo treatment to establish its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in calves. Arifah, AK; Lees, P, 2002)	0.31
" In amniotic fluid the half-life was between 31 and 37 hours."	( Pharmacokinetics of prostaglandins. Bygdeman, M, 2003)	0.32
"To investigate the pharmacodynamic behaviour of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, lumiracoxib, in the rat air pouch."	( Pharmacodynamic behaviour of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor lumiracoxib in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat air pouch model. Cramer, JA; Esser, RE; Georgieva, A; Maniara, W; Miserendino-Molteni, R; Porter, W; Ramos, L; Sharr, M; Zhang, X; Zhuang, S, 2005)	0.33
"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in goats of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug tolfenamic acid (TA), administered both alone and in combination with the fluoroquinolone marbofloxacin (MB), were established in a tissue cage model of acute inflammation."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of tolfenamic acid and marbofloxacin in goats. Landoni, MF; Lees, P; Sidhu, PK, 2006)	0.33
" Correspondence in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles between the two dosing approaches cannot be assumed a priori."	( Effects of oral dosing paradigms (gavage versus diet) on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Kapetanovic, IM; Krishnaraj, R; Lyubimov, A; Martin-Jimenez, T; van Breemen, RB; Yuan, L, 2006)	0.33
"The objectives of these analyses were to (1) develop a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for a novel COX-2 inhibitor (CS-706) using data from primarily Caucasian subjects, (2) predict responses in subpopulations of interest (including Japanese subjects), and (3) correlate pharmacodynamic parameters to safety outcomes."	( Predictive population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for a novel COX-2 inhibitor. Gao, Y; Kastrissios, H; Moberly, J; Rohatagi, S; Salazar, D; Takahashi, M; Truitt, K; Wada, R; Xu, J; Yoshihara, K; Zhang, N, 2007)	0.34
" The prodrug nepafenac had the shortest time to peak concentration and the greatest peak aqueous humor concentration (C(max))."	( In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro pharmacodynamics of nepafenac, amfenac, ketorolac, and bromfenac. Ernest, P; Gayton, J; Lehmann, R; Raizman, M; Walters, T, 2007)	0.34
"Enterohepatic recirculation (EHC) is a common pharmacokinetic phenomenon that has been poorly modelled in animals."	( Population pharmacokinetic modelling of the enterohepatic recirculation of diclofenac and rofecoxib in rats. Chain, A; Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, O; Huntjens, DR; Metcalf, A; Spalding, DJ; Strougo, A; Summerfield, S, 2008)	0.35
"Our findings show the relevance of exploring EHC in a quantitative manner to accurately interpret pharmacodynamic findings in vivo, in particular when scaling across species."	( Population pharmacokinetic modelling of the enterohepatic recirculation of diclofenac and rofecoxib in rats. Chain, A; Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, O; Huntjens, DR; Metcalf, A; Spalding, DJ; Strougo, A; Summerfield, S, 2008)	0.35
"19 L/kg) and the elimination half-life was short (2."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meloxicam in piglets. Fosse, TK; Haga, HA; Haugejorden, G; Hormazabal, V; Horsberg, TE; Ranheim, B, 2008)	0.35
" This pharmacodynamic phenomenon is referred to in the present work as "teleantagonism"."	( Teleantagonism: A pharmacodynamic property of the primary nociceptive neuron. Cunha, FQ; Duarte, DB; Ferrari, LF; Ferreira, SH; Funez, MI; Lorenzetti, BB; Parada, CA; Sachs, D, 2008)	0.35
" Therefore, more easily accessible plasma salicylate and thromboxane B(2) concentrations were representative of the salicylate exposure and prostaglandin E(2) pharmacodynamic biomarker in the target colon, respectively."	( Comparison of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of aspirin following oral gavage and diet dosing in rats. Bauer, KS; Kapetanovic, IM; Lindeblad, MO; Lubet, R; Lyubimov, A; Tessier, DM; Zakharov, AD, 2009)	0.35
"The pharmacodynamic properties of tepoxalin, Na-salicylate and ketoprofen were determined in an intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation model in broiler chickens."	( Pharmacodynamics of tepoxalin, sodium-salicylate and ketoprofen in an intravenous lipopolysaccharide inflammation model in broiler chickens. Beyaert, R; Croubels, S; de Backer, P; de Baere, S; de Boever, S; Meyer, E; Neirinckx, EA, 2010)	0.36
" Pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained in satellite animals."	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the inhibitory effects of naproxen on the time-courses of inflammatory pain, fever, and the ex vivo synthesis of TXB2 and PGE2 in rats. Angesjö, M; Berge, OG; Krekels, EH; Möller, KA; Sjögren, I; Visser, SA, 2011)	0.37
" Results from previous feline studies showed that, despite a short half-life in blood, the effect of robenacoxib persisted for 24 h in clinical studies."	( Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling of robenacoxib in a feline tissue cage model of inflammation. Elliott, J; King, JN; Lees, P; Pelligand, L; Toutain, PL, 2012)	0.38
"We evaluated the modulatory role of the groundwater contaminant arsenic on the pharmacodynamic responses of the nonsteroidal analgesic-antipyretic drug ketoprofen and the major pro-inflammatory mediators linked to the mechanism of ketoprofen's therapeutic effects."	( Subacute arsenic exposure through drinking water reduces the pharmacodynamic effects of ketoprofen in male rats. Ahmad, W; Chanderashekara, HH; Prawez, S; Sankar, P; Sarkar, SN; Tandan, SK, 2012)	0.38
"Similar pharmacokinetic behavior of diclofenac was found both in normal and FCA-induced arthritic rats."	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of diclofenac in normal and Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Guo, HF; Li, P; Liu, L; Liu, XD; Zhang, J, 2012)	0.38
"Arthritis induced by FCA does not alter the pharmacokinetic behaviors of diclofenac in rats, but the pharmacodynamics of diclofenac is slightly affected."	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of diclofenac in normal and Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Guo, HF; Li, P; Liu, L; Liu, XD; Zhang, J, 2012)	0.38
"A tissue cage model of inflammation in calves was used to determine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of individual carprofen enantiomers, following the administration of the racemate."	( Influence of oxytetracycline on carprofen pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in calves. Brentnall, C; Cheng, Z; Lees, P; McKellar, QA, 2013)	0.39
" Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies have shown in vivo bioconversion of prodrug to diclofenac."	( Pharmacological evaluation and preliminary pharmacokinetics studies of a new diclofenac prodrug without gastric ulceration effect. Barbieri, KP; Bosquesi, PL; Campos, ML; Chelucci, RC; Chin, CM; de Castro Souto, PC; Matsubara, MH; Moreira, V; Peccinini, RG; Santos, JL; Teixeira, C, 2012)	0.38
" After administration, blood samples were collected for up to 24 hours and plasma used for pharmacokinetic analysis."	( Evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of cimicoxib in fasted and fed horses. Della Rocca, G; Di Salvo, A; Giorgi, M; Kim, TW; Ryschanova, R; Sgorbini, M, 2015)	0.42
" Similar to other reports, firocoxib exhibited a long elimination half-life (31."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three formulations of firocoxib in healthy horses. Barlow, BM; Blikslager, AT; Curling, A; Davis, JL; Fogle, C; Holland, B; Schirmer, J, 2015)	0.42
"The pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Huangqin Tang (HQT) were investigated in yeast-induced febrile rats."	( [Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of huangqin tang in febrile rats]. Chen, L; Li, T; Wang, YL; Wang, YW; Yang, WP; Zhang, D; Zhang, HH; Zhou, ZM; Zhuang, SX, 2014)	0.4
" The objective of this study was to determine the unbound concentration of carprofen in canine interstitial fluid (ISF) using in vivo ultrafiltration and to compare pharmacokinetic parameters of free carprofen concentrations between inflamed and control tissue sites."	( Carprofen pharmacokinetics in plasma and in control and inflamed canine tissue fluid using in vivo ultrafiltration. Messenger, KM; Papich, MG; Wofford, JA, 2016)	0.43
" Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic blood samples were collected for 16 hours following treatment."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation according to absorption differences in three formulations of ibuprofen. Choi, YS; Ha, YM; Kim, JW; Lee, SJ; Park, MK; Park, SR; Shin, D, 2017)	0.46
"Rapid absorption and higher peak concentration were observed in ibuprofen arginine and the solubilized ibuprofen capsule."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation according to absorption differences in three formulations of ibuprofen. Choi, YS; Ha, YM; Kim, JW; Lee, SJ; Park, MK; Park, SR; Shin, D, 2017)	0.46
" For each administration route, pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental methods and compared between the 2 ages."	( Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of flunixin meglumine following intravenous and transdermal administration to Holstein calves. Coetzee, JF; Gorden, PJ; Kleinhenz, MD; KuKanich, B; Perkins, S; Rajewski, SM; Smith, JS; Van Engen, NK; Walsh, P, 2018)	0.48
" In the quest for a suitable combination with improved therapeutic efficacy and better tolerability, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction studies were performed for diclofenac with or without IS01957 in mice model."	( Effect of IS01957, a para-coumaric acid derivative on pharmacokinetic modulation of diclofenac through oral route for augmented efficacy. Abdullah, ST; Bhatt, S; Dogra, A; Gour, A; Koul, S; Malik, TA; Nandi, U; Rath, SK; Sangwan, PL; Sharma, A; Singh, G, 2019)	0.51
"The present study investigated the pharmacodynamic material basis of Laportea bulbifera in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis."	( [Potential pharmacodynamic substances of Laportea bulbifera in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on serum pharmacochemistry and pharmacology]. Chen, SY; Chen, Y; Gong, ZP; Huang, Y; Lan, YY; Li, YT; Tang, J; Wang, YL; Wu, D; Zhang, Q; Zheng, L, 2022)	0.72

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" In group IV, 2 mg of the analogue was combined with oxytocin."	( Termination of second trimester pregnancy with intraamniotic administration of 16-phenoxy-omega-tetranor-PgE2-methylsulfonamide (SHB 286) alone and combined with oxytocin and calcium gluconate. Haspels, AA; van den Bergh, AS, 1978)	0.26
" In Group 4, 2 mg of the analog was combined with oxytocin."	( Termination of second trimester pregnancy with intraamniotic administration of 16-phenoxy-omega-tetranor-PgE2-methylsulfonamide (SHB 286) alone and combined with oxytocin and calcium gluconate. Haspels, AA; van den Bergh, AS, 1978)	0.26
"5 mmol/liter per kg body weight intravenously) combined with stimulation of bilateral ansae subclaviae in anesthetized dogs were examined."	( Prostaglandin modulation of early afterdepolarizations and ventricular tachyarrhythmias induced by cesium chloride combined with efferent cardiac sympathetic stimulation in dogs. Miyazaki, T; Pride, HP; Zipes, DP, 1990)	0.28
"The effect of intradermal injection of leukotriene B4 alone and in combination with prostaglandin D2 and E2 and the effect of inhaled leukotriene B4 in combination with prostaglandin D2 were studied in six non-asthmatic men."	( Effect of inhaled leukotriene B4 alone and in combination with prostaglandin D2 on bronchial responsiveness to histamine in normal subjects. Barnes, PJ; Black, PN; Dollery, CT; Fuller, RW; Taylor, GW, 1989)	0.28
"The simultaneous determination of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and 6-oxoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6-oxo-PGF1 alpha) in urine using immunoaffinity chromatography in combination with negative ion chemical ionization gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (NICI-GC-MS-MS) is described."	( Simultaneous determination of the primary prostanoids prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2 alpha and 6-oxoprostaglandin F1 alpha by immunoaffinity chromatography in combination with negative ion chemical ionization gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometr Mackert, G; Reinke, M; Schweer, H; Seyberth, HW, 1989)	0.28
"Antiproliferative activity of recombinant murine interferon-beta (Rec-MuIFN-beta) combined with hyperthermia against Rous sarcoma virus-induced mouse malignant glioma (RSV glioma) was investigated both in vitro and in vivo."	( Antitumour effect of interferon combined with hyperthermia against experimental brain tumour. Hondo, H; Kuroki, M; Tanaka, R, )	0.13
"The effects of single dose of PGE2 combined with vitamin E and with estradiol on experimental atherosclerosis were studied by means of morphological, ultrastructural, autoradiographic and several functional techniques."	( Experimental study on antiatherosclerotic treatment by PGE2 combined with vitamin E and estradiol. Fan, Y; Gao, Y; Qiu, J; Wang, X, 1995)	0.29
" These results suggest that papaverine combined with PGE2 can synergistically induce neuronal differentiation as well as decrease the malignancy of human prostatic cancer LNCaP cells."	( Papaverine combined with prostaglandin E2 synergistically induces neuron-like morphological changes and decrease of malignancy in human prostatic cancer LNCaP cells. Matsushima, H; Ohta, Y; Ozawa, H; Shimizu, T; Takeda, K, )	0.13
" Another drug whose mechanism of action is unknown is caffeine, which is often used in combination with other analgesics, augmenting their effect."	( Effects of caffeine and paracetamol alone or in combination with acetylsalicylic acid on prostaglandin E(2) synthesis in rat microglial cells. Aicher, B; Engelhardt, G; Fiebich, BL; Hüll, M; Lieb, K; Pairet, M; van Ryn, J, 2000)	0.31
" After immunization with ovalbumin (OVA), a common dietary constituent, we evaluated the efficacy of pretreatment with histamine-receptor or serotonin-receptor blockers administered alone or in combination with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) on OVA-induced anaphylactic shock in Brown Norway rats."	( Constitutive nitric oxide synthase inhibition combined with histamine and serotonin receptor blockade improves the initial ovalbumin-induced arterial hypotension but decreases the survival time in brown norway rats anaphylactic shock. Bellou, A; Gerard, P; Gillois, P; Guéant, JL; Lambert, H; Longrois, D; Mallié, JP; Montémont, C; Sainte-Laudy, J; Vauthier, E, 2003)	0.32
"The objectives of this study were: (a) to determine the antitumor activity and toxicity of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (piroxicam) combined with cisplatin chemotherapy in dogs with naturally-occurring, invasive transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder; and (b) to determine the effects of this treatment on prostaglandin E(2) concentration, tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis, and angiogenesis."	( Effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, in combination with chemotherapy on tumor response, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a canine model of human invasive urinary bladder cancer. Bonney, PL; Coffman, KT; Craig, BA; deGortari, AE; Glickman, NW; Knapp, DW; Mohammed, SI; Mutsaers, AJ; Schlittler, DL; Snyder, PW, 2003)	0.32
" After recording of physiologic uterine motility for 30min, prostaglandins (DL-cloprostenol, PGE(2), PGE(2) in combination with D-cloprostenol) or placebo were administered, followed by a 2h recording period."	( Effect of prostaglandin E2, DL-cloprostenol, and prostaglandin E2 in combination with D-cloprostenol on uterine motility during diestrus in experimental cows. Burkhardt, H; Hirsbrunner, G; Knutti, B; Küpfer, U; Steiner, A, 2003)	0.32
" Experiments with a mutated reporter construct further revealed the importance of the Tax-responsive elements in the HTLV-1 LTR in the observed up regulation of virus gene expression when TCR/CD28 engagement was combined with PGE(2) treatment."	( T-cell receptor/CD28 engagement when combined with prostaglandin E2 treatment leads to potent activation of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. Barbeau, B; Bounou, S; Dumais, N; Marriot, SJ; Mercier, S; Paré, ME; Tremblay, MJ, 2003)	0.32
" When OK-432 was combined with PGE(2), the CCR7 expression and migratory capacity of DCs were significantly improved without impairing other immuno-stimulatory functions."	( Generation of mature dendritic cells fully capable of T helper type 1 polarization using OK-432 combined with prostaglandin E(2). Kaiga, T; Konishi, J; Sato, M; Suzuki, T; Tahara, H; Takayama, T; Tanaka, H, 2003)	0.32
" The lower concentration of SC236 (5 microM) also decreased cell growth after a longer incubation period (96 h) and, in combination with a 2 or 5 Gy dose, led to an accumulation of cells in G2-M phase."	( Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-dependent effects of the inhibitor SC236 when combined with ionizing radiation in mammary tumor cells derived from HER-2/neu mice. Burd, R; Dicker, AP; Flynn, JT; Lanza-Jacoby, S; Lavorgna, SN; Miller, S; Rosato, FE, 2004)	0.32
"To compare the effects of aspirin and rofecoxib when administered with esomeprazole on prostaglandin E(2) production, cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in patients with Barrett's oesophagus."	( The effects of esomeprazole combined with aspirin or rofecoxib on prostaglandin E2 production in patients with Barrett's oesophagus. Kaur, B; Levine, D; Sood, S; Traxler, B; Triadafilopoulos, G; Weston, A, 2006)	0.33
" Aspirin in combination with a coxib retarded the healing of experimentally induced gastric ulcers, whereas healing rates of rats treated with celecoxib in combination with aspirin/PC were comparable to controls."	( Surface phospholipids in gastric injury and protection when a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (Coxib) is used in combination with aspirin. Dial, EJ; Lichtenberger, LM; Romero, JJ, 2007)	0.34
"Aspirin's gastric toxicity in combination with a coxib can be dissociated from its ability to inhibit COX-1 and appears to be dependent, in part, on its ability to attenuate the stomach's surface hydrophobic barrier."	( Surface phospholipids in gastric injury and protection when a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (Coxib) is used in combination with aspirin. Dial, EJ; Lichtenberger, LM; Romero, JJ, 2007)	0.34
" We propose a novel clinical grade maturation protocol in which TLR ligands poly(I:C) and R848 are combined with PGE2 to generate DC with both high migratory capacity and IL-12p70 production upon T cell encounter."	( Maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells with Toll-like receptor 3 and 7/8 ligands combined with prostaglandin E2 results in high interleukin-12 production and cell migration. Aarntzen, EH; Adema, GJ; Benitez-Ribas, D; Boullart, AC; de Boer, A; de Vries, IJ; Figdor, CG; Jacobs, JF; Kramer, M; Punt, CJ; Scharenborg, NM; Schreibelt, G; Schuurhuis, DH; van de Rakt, MW; Verdijk, P, 2008)	0.35
" The present study explores the effects of p53-modulating agent CP-31398 alone and combined with celecoxib on azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colon adenocarcinomas in F344 rats."	( Inhibition of azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer by CP-31398, a TP53 modulator, alone or in combination with low doses of celecoxib in male F344 rats. Guruswamy, S; Kopelovich, L; Patlolla, JM; Rao, CV; Steele, VE; Swamy, MV, 2009)	0.35
"4% to 10%) or in combination with a low concentration of LPS (0."	( Roflumilast N-oxide prevents cytokine secretion induced by cigarette smoke combined with LPS through JAK/STAT and ERK1/2 inhibition in airway epithelial cells. Boichot, E; Gleonnec, F; Lagente, V; Lanzetti, M; Porto, LC; Tenor, H; Valença, S; Victoni, T, 2014)	0.4
"This study was designed to evaluate the effect of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor, SC-560, combined with cisplatin or taxol, on angiogenesis in human ovarian cancer xenografts."	( Effects of SC-560 in combination with cisplatin or taxol on angiogenesis in human ovarian cancer xenografts. Li, W; Wan, L; Wang, J; Zhai, LY, 2014)	0.4
" Here, we investigated whether the IMD in combination with chemotherapy could prevent cancer cachexia in colon 26 tumor-bearing mice."	( An Immune-Modulating Diet in Combination with Chemotherapy Prevents Cancer Cachexia by Attenuating Systemic Inflammation in Colon 26 Tumor-Bearing Mice. Nakamura, K; Sasayama, A; Takahashi, T; Yamaji, T, 2015)	0.42
" The predictions by the OPLS combined with PCA method of PGE2 production inhibitory activities of 52 samples showed good agreement with the actual data."	( Application of a new method, orthogonal projection to latent structure (OPLS) combined with principal component analysis (PCA), to screening of prostaglandin E2 production inhibitory flavonoids in Scutellaria Root. Fuchino, H; Hada, N; Huang, L; Kawahara, N; Kiuchi, F; Narukawa, Y, 2016)	0.43
"OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) or HA combined with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) by use of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro method."	( Effects of hyaluronan alone or in combination with chondroitin sulfate and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine on lipopolysaccharide challenge-exposed equine fibroblast-like synovial cells. Bertone, AL; Hussein, H; Kilborne, AH, 2017)	0.46
" This study aimed to investigate the effects of low magnitude high frequency (LMHF) vibration combined with compressive force on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in vitro."	( Effects of low magnitude high frequency mechanical vibration combined with compressive force on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. Benjakul, S; Jitpukdeebodintra, S; Leethanakul, C, 2018)	0.48
" To determine the optimal frequency for later used in combination with compressive force, three cycles of low-magnitude (0."	( Effects of low magnitude high frequency mechanical vibration combined with compressive force on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. Benjakul, S; Jitpukdeebodintra, S; Leethanakul, C, 2018)	0.48
" Women (n = 110) planned for IOL, ≥37 weeks of gestation and with a Bishop Score of ≤6 were randomised into two groups: intracervical Foley catheter alone or combined with dinoprostone gel (0."	( Comparison of intracervical Foley catheter used alone or combined with a single dose of dinoprostone gel for cervical ripening: a randomised study. Bagga, R; Chowdhary, A; Jain, V; Kumar, P; Saha, SC, 2019)	0.93
"To observe the clinical efficacy of the Bushen Huoxue method combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and its effect on serum and joint fluid interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2)."	( Clinical Effect of Bushen Huoxue Method Combined with Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Effect on IL-1, IL-6, VEGF, and PGE-2. Cheng, Z; Su, W; Sun, Z; Wang, L; Yang, F, 2022)	0.72
"PRP joint cavity injection combined with oral administration of Bushen Huoxue prescription, and PRP joint cavity injection alone can improve the efficacy of KOA, relieve knee pain, and promote the recovery of knee function."	( Clinical Effect of Bushen Huoxue Method Combined with Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Effect on IL-1, IL-6, VEGF, and PGE-2. Cheng, Z; Su, W; Sun, Z; Wang, L; Yang, F, 2022)	0.72
"To observe the effect of warm acupuncture combined with meloxicam and comprehensive nursing on pain improvement and joint function in patients with knee osteoarthritis."	( Effects of Warm Acupuncture Combined with Meloxicam and Comprehensive Nursing on Pain Improvement and Joint Function in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Li, X; Liu, F; Qu, X; Sun, Z; Wang, T, 2022)	0.72
" The JG was treated with meloxicam combined with warm acupuncture."	( Effects of Warm Acupuncture Combined with Meloxicam and Comprehensive Nursing on Pain Improvement and Joint Function in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Li, X; Liu, F; Qu, X; Sun, Z; Wang, T, 2022)	0.72
"Warm acupuncture combined with meloxicam and comprehensive nursing can effectively improve knee swelling and pain in patients with KOA, and the mechanism may be related to reducing the content of inflammatory mediators."	( Effects of Warm Acupuncture Combined with Meloxicam and Comprehensive Nursing on Pain Improvement and Joint Function in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Li, X; Liu, F; Qu, X; Sun, Z; Wang, T, 2022)	0.72
"To observe the effect of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with meibomian gland massage in improving meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and explore its mechanism."	( [A clinical study of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with meibomian gland massage in treatment of meibomian gand dysfunction]. Qian, LJ; Wei, W; Ying, WM; Zhou, GZ, 2022)	0.72
" TNFα also increases the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), in particular when combined with 2AG, while PEA partly blunts TNFα-induced COX2 expression."	( Lipidomics of Cell Secretome Combined with the Study of Selected Bioactive Lipids in an In Vitro Model of Osteoarthritis. Brini, AT; Casati, S; Della Morte, E; Giannasi, C; Niada, S; Orioli, M, 2022)	0.72
"To investigate the clinical efficacy of ultrasound (US) combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in treating lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and its effect on the level of inflammatory factors."	( Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy on Ultrasound Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation. Chen, J; Du, J; Han, B; Lu, Y, 2022)	0.72
"Collectively, US combined with NMES was associated with significant relief in pain and lumbar dysfunction and reduced local inflammatory response and pain mediator levels in LDH patients, suggesting that this combined approach could achieve better efficacy than US or NMES alone."	( Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy on Ultrasound Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation. Chen, J; Du, J; Han, B; Lu, Y, 2022)	0.72
"To assess the safety and efficacy of AN0025 in combination with preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy in either short course (SCRT) or long course radiotherapy (LCRT) settings for those with locally advanced rectal cancer."	( AN0025, a novel antagonist of PGE2-receptor E-type 4 (EP4), in combination with total neoadjuvant treatment of advanced rectal cancer. Formenti, S; Glynne-Jones, R; Hall, M; Hong, T; Lautermilch, N; Lu, X; Lucas, J; Ng, J; Saunders, M; Wyrwicz, L; Xu, S, 2023)	0.91
"This study investigated the preventive effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid combined with sodium ferrous citrate (5-ALA/SFC) on blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) breakdown induced after anterior chamber paracentesis (ACP) in beagles."	( Oral 5-aminolevulinic acid combined with sodium ferrous citrate prevents blood-aqueous barrier breakdown after anterior chamber paracentesis in healthy beagle dogs. Ichikawa, Y; Kanai, K; Nagai, N; Okada, D; Otaka, Y; Sakai, A; Sangu, R; Tajima, K; Tomatsu, A; Yamashita, Y, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that CSA plasma peak levels and area under the plasma concentration-time curve were significantly decreased in PGE2 treated rats, indicating reduced bioavailability of oral CSA."	( PGE2 reduces nephrotoxicity and immunosuppression of cyclosporine in rats. Donatsch, P; Hiestand, P; Mihatsch, MJ; Ryffel, B, 1986)	0.27
" However, PGI2 was very poorly absorbed from the intestine, while the absorption of trimoprostil was very efficient."	( Biliary, fecal and urinary excretion of [3H]-prostaglandins in the rat. Dashman, T; Gallo-Torres, HE; Kuhn, D; Witt, C, 1987)	0.27
" The data suggest a regulatory mechanism at the receptor level and are discussed in terms of possible altered bioavailability of arachidonic acid-derived PGE2."	( Regulation of prostaglandin E2 receptors in vivo by dietary fatty acids in peritoneal macrophages from rats. Adolfs, MJ; Bonta, IL; Opmeer, FA, 1984)	0.27
"Studies were performed in fasted rats to establish if the propensity of 4 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drugs to elicit varying degrees of gastric mucosal damage following oral administration is related to their rate of absorption by the mucosal and subsequent inhibitory effects on prostaglandin (PG) production in vivo."	( Comparative effects of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the ultrastructural integrity and prostaglandin levels in the rat gastric mucosa: relationship to drug uptake. Fox, SA; Osborne, DJ; Rainsford, KD, 1984)	0.27
"The influence of food on the bioavailability of trimoprostil , a new antiulcer prostaglandin E2 derivative, was investigated in healthy male volunteers in four separate studies."	( Influence of food on the bioavailability of trimoprostil: an overview. Wills, RJ, 1984)	0.27
" Each of the enantiomers achieved similar plasma bioavailability following administration as the racemate as they did following their separate administration."	( Stereospecific pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of carprofen in the dog. Delatour, P; Lees, P; McKellar, QA, 1994)	0.29
" We conclude that an increase in prostaglandin bioavailability precedes the onset of spontaneous human parturition."	( Increase in prostaglandin bioavailability precedes the onset of human parturition. Garrido, J; Ghezzi, F; Gomez, R; Hasbun, J; Mazor, M; Mitchell, MD; Munoz, H; Parra, M; Polanco, M; Romero, R; Tolosa, JE; Valverde, V, 1996)	0.29
"Insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1, is believed to be an important anabolic modulator of cartilage metabolism and its bioactivity and bioavailability is regulated, in part, by IGF-1 binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3)."	( Prostaglandin E2 up-regulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 expression and synthesis in human articular chondrocytes by a c-AMP-independent pathway: role of calcium and protein kinase A and C. Abribat, T; DiBattista, JA; Doré, S; Morin, N, 1996)	0.29
", narrow cervical canal); the advantages over the PGE2 vaginal tablet are greater bioavailability with a quicker release and absorption, the more predictable clinical response and the closer correlation with the subsequent changes in cervical scores."	( [Prostaglandin-induced labor--is the prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel a "new" alternative?]. Heyl, W; Rath, W, 1996)	0.29
"Insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1, is believed to be an important anabolic modulator of cartilage metabolism whose action is mediated by high affinity cell surface receptors and bioactivity and bioavailability regulated, in part, by IGF-1 binding proteins (IGFBPs)."	( Prostaglandin E2 stimulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 expression and synthesis in cultured human articular chondrocytes: possible mediation by Ca(++)-calmodulin regulated processes. Di Battista, JA; Doré, S; He, Y; Martel-Pelletier, J; Morin, N; Pelletier, JP, 1997)	0.3
" Furthermore, the bioavailability of the mucoadhesive formulation in the aqueous humor against an aqueous-based solution was compared."	( Pharmacological evaluation of anti-inflammatory pyrrole-acetic acid derivative eye drops. Bucolo, C; Spadaro, A, 1997)	0.3
" The failure of a receptor blocker of leukotrienes to moderate disease expression suggests either a less important role for these chemicals in AOM or an insufficient bioavailability of the specific MK 571 inhibitor."	( Expression of acute otitis media after receptor blockade of platelet activating factor, thromboxane, and leukotrienes in the chinchilla. Alper, CM; Burckart, GJ; Diven, WF; Doyle, WJ; Evans, RW; Jaffe, R, 1998)	0.3
" However, its use is limited by its poor bioavailability due to low solubility and short half life in solution, and teratogenic and neurotoxic side-effects."	( Thalidomide analogue CC-3052 reduces HIV+ neutrophil apoptosis in vitro. Dalgleish, AG; Dransfield, I; Guckian, M; Hay, P, 2000)	0.31
" The systemic bioavailability of curcumin is low, so that its pharmacological activity may be mediated, in part, by curcumin metabolites."	( Characterization of metabolites of the chemopreventive agent curcumin in human and rat hepatocytes and in the rat in vivo, and evaluation of their ability to inhibit phorbol ester-induced prostaglandin E2 production. Gescher, A; Howells, L; Ireson, C; Jones, DJ; Jukes, R; Lim, CK; Luo, JL; Orr, S; Plummer, S; Steward, WP; Verschoyle, R; Williams, M, 2001)	0.31
" Decreased nitric oxide generation was the consequence of inhibition of the expression of nitric oxide synthase, whereas PGE(2) and LTB(4) reduction was due to inhibition of arachidonic acid bioavailability through a direct inhibitory effect of dysodotronic acid on secretory phospholipase A(2)."	( Dysidotronic acid, a new sesquiterpenoid, inhibits cytokine production and the expression of nitric oxide synthase. D'Auria, MV; Giannini, C; Payá, M; Posadas, I; Terencio, MC, 2001)	0.31
" After oral dosage bioavailability (F) was 66%."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in calves. Arifah, AK; Lees, P, 2002)	0.31
"We examined the bioavailability of vitamin C in orange juice processed using high pressure (HP) and its effects on plasma levels of vitamin C, uric acid (UA), F2-isoprostanes (8-epiPGF(2alpha)), C-reactive protein (CRP) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in a healthy human population."	( High-pressurized orange juice consumption affects plasma vitamin C, antioxidative status and inflammatory markers in healthy humans. Cano, MP; de Ancos, B; Granado, F; Martín, A; Olmedilla, B; Plaza, L; Sánchez-Moreno, C, 2003)	0.32
" As prostaglandin E2 levels in spinal cord or in plasma were not reduced by Rofecoxib treatment, these results may suggest lack of sufficient bioavailability as the reason for the modest clinical changes observed."	( Effects of intraperitoneal injection of Rofecoxib in a mouse model of ALS. Azari, MF; Cheema, SS; Hirst, J; Le Grande, MR; Lopes, EC; Petratos, S; Profyris, C, 2005)	0.33
" In this work, the bioavailability of vitamin C from a Mediterranean vegetable soup (gazpacho) constituted mainly of tomato, pepper and cucumber, and its influence on plasma vitamin C, 8-epi-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (8-epi-PGF2alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and the cytokines/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 concentrations in a healthy human population were assessed."	( Mediterranean vegetable soup consumption increases plasma vitamin C and decreases F2-isoprostanes, prostaglandin E2 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in healthy humans. Cano, MP; de Ancos, B; Granado, F; Martín, A; Olmedilla, B; Plaza, L; Sánchez-Moreno, C, 2006)	0.33
"We previously demonstrated that a novel hydrophilic gamma-tocopherol (gamma-Toc) derivative, gamma-tocopherol-N,N-dimethylglycinate hydrochloride (gamma-TDMG) converts to gamma-Toc in the mouse skin and has a higher bioavailability than gamma-Toc itself."	( Topical application of a novel, hydrophilic gamma-tocopherol derivative reduces photo-inflammation in mice skin. Karube, Y; Kobayashi, S; Takata, J; Watanabe, T; Yamazaki, A; Yoshida, E, 2006)	0.33
" Gamma-TDMG is converted to gamma-Toc in the skin and has higher bioavailability than gamma-Toc itself."	( [UVB-induced skin damage and the protection/treatment--effects of a novel, hydrophilic gamma-tocopherol derivative]. Kobayashi, S, 2006)	0.33
"Nepafenac showed significantly greater ocular bioavailability and amfenac demonstrated greater potency at COX-2 inhibition than ketorolac or bromfenac."	( In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro pharmacodynamics of nepafenac, amfenac, ketorolac, and bromfenac. Ernest, P; Gayton, J; Lehmann, R; Raizman, M; Walters, T, 2007)	0.34
"Salt-sensitive (SS) hypertension is a vascular diathesis characterized by reduced cardiovascular and renal nitric oxide bioavailability and local upregulation of ANG II."	( Upregulation of cortical COX-2 in salt-sensitive hypertension: role of angiotensin II and reactive oxygen species. Jaimes, EA; Pearse, DD; Puzis, L; Raij, L; Zhou, MS, 2008)	0.35
" (2) 12- to 24 h NHT improved bioavailability of NO in cortices/medullae of kidneys recuperating from haemorrhagic shock."	( Application of normobaric hyperoxia therapy for amelioration of haemorrhagic shock-induced acute renal failure. Averbukh, Z; Ben Aharon, G; Berman, S; Efrati, S; Siman-Tov, Y; Weissgarten, J, 2008)	0.35
" In transgenic-knockout sickle (BERK) mice that express exclusively human alpha- and beta(S)-globins, reduced NO bioavailability is associated with induction of non-NO vasodilator enzyme, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and impaired NO-mediated vascular reactivity."	( Arginine therapy of transgenic-knockout sickle mice improves microvascular function by reducing non-nitric oxide vasodilators, hemolysis, and oxidative stress. Dasgupta, T; Fabry, ME; Kaul, DK; Zhang, X, 2008)	0.35
" Our aim in this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects, absorption, and bioavailability of Artepillin C in mice."	( Anti-inflammatory effects of a bioavailable compound, Artepillin C, in Brazilian propolis. Abreu, SR; Bretz, WA; Dirsch, VM; Hori, H; Koyama, D; Nagasawa, H; Paulino, N; Scremin, A; Uto, Y; Vollmar, AM, 2008)	0.35
" In the present study, we determined the effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (Bioresponse BR-DIM referred to as B-DIM), a formulated DIM with greater bioavailability on cell viability and apoptosis with erlotinib in vitro and in vivo using an orthotopic animal tumor model."	( Apoptosis-inducing effect of erlotinib is potentiated by 3,3'-diindolylmethane in vitro and in vivo using an orthotopic model of pancreatic cancer. Ahmad, A; Ali, S; Banerjee, S; El-Rayes, BF; Philip, PA; Sarkar, FH, 2008)	0.35
" The ability of IT as well as oral acetaminophen to reverse this spinally initiated hyperalgesia emphasizes the likely central action and bioavailability of the systemically delivered drug."	( Acetaminophen prevents hyperalgesia in central pain cascade. Crawley, B; Fitzsimmons, B; Hua, XY; Malkmus, S; Saito, O; Yaksh, TL, 2008)	0.35
" We also investigated its bioavailability in humans and its anti-inflammatory effect ex vivo."	( META060 inhibits multiple kinases in the NF-kappaB pathway and suppresses LPS--mediated inflammation in vitro and ex vivo. Austin, M; Bland, JS; Carroll, BJ; Darland, G; Desai, A; Konda, VR; Prabhu, KS; Tripp, ML, 2009)	0.35
" Bioavailability was tested in 4 human subjects consuming 940 mg META060."	( META060 inhibits multiple kinases in the NF-kappaB pathway and suppresses LPS--mediated inflammation in vitro and ex vivo. Austin, M; Bland, JS; Carroll, BJ; Darland, G; Desai, A; Konda, VR; Prabhu, KS; Tripp, ML, 2009)	0.35
" We then evaluated the following properties of these parenterally administered test drugs: (i) GI toxicity (luminal and faecal haemoglobin; intestinal perforations and adhesions; and haematocrit); (ii) bioavailability (plasma indomethacin); and (iii) therapeutic efficacy (analgesia from sensitivity to pressure; anti-inflammatory from ankle thickness; cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibition from synovial fluid prostaglandin E(2) concentration) in rats with adjuvant-induced joint inflammation."	( Gastrointestinal safety and therapeutic efficacy of parenterally administered phosphatidylcholine-associated indomethacin in rodent model systems. Dial, EJ; Lichtenberger, L; Romero, JJ, 2009)	0.35
" We previously showed that carnitine can enhance the bioavailability of butyrate in vivo."	( In vitro studies on the inhibition of colon cancer by butyrate and carnitine. Dionne, S; Levy, E; Marx, G; Qureshi, I; Roy, MJ; Sarma, D; Seidman, EG, )	0.13
"Systemic bioavailability and pharmacodynamics of topical diclofenac sodium gel 1% were compared with those of oral diclofenac sodium 50-mg tablets."	( Systemic bioavailability of topical diclofenac sodium gel 1% versus oral diclofenac sodium in healthy volunteers. Gold, M; Kienzler, JL; Nollevaux, F, 2010)	0.36
"An attempt has been made in the present research to formulate piroxicam into bioadhesive ocular inserts with an objective to sustain drug release, reduce frequency of dosing, and enhance ocular bioavailability of piroxicam."	( Piroxicam bioadhesive ocular inserts: physicochemical characterization and evaluation in prostaglandin-induced inflammation. Gilhotra, N; Gilhotra, RM; Mishra, DN, 2009)	0.35
"Formulation was found promising, as it sustained the drug release and enhanced the ocular bioavailability of piroxicam as compared to piroxicam eye drops."	( Piroxicam bioadhesive ocular inserts: physicochemical characterization and evaluation in prostaglandin-induced inflammation. Gilhotra, N; Gilhotra, RM; Mishra, DN, 2009)	0.35
"Curcumin induces cancer cell growth arrest and apoptosis in vitro, but its poor bioavailability in vivo limits its antitumor efficacy."	( Gemcitabine sensitivity can be induced in pancreatic cancer cells through modulation of miR-200 and miR-21 expression by curcumin or its analogue CDF. Ahmad, A; Ali, S; Banerjee, S; Dominiak, K; Padhye, S; Philip, PA; Sarkar, FH; Schaffert, JM; Wang, Z, 2010)	0.36
" Oral bioavailability of P2026 was estimated from plasma concentration of diclofenac and nitrate/nitrite (NOx)."	( Oral bioavailability, efficacy and gastric tolerability of P2026, a novel nitric oxide-releasing diclofenac in rat. Desai, DC; Deshattiwar, JJ; Deshmukh, NJ; Dhiman, M; Gaikwad, PP; Karwa, M; Mali, SV; Nemmani, KV; Pamidiboina, V; Pathan, AR; Satyam, A; Sharma, SD; Thanga Mariappan, T, 2010)	0.36
"An attempt has been made in the present study to formulate soluble ocular inserts of aceclofenac to facilitate the bioavailability of the drug into the eye, as no eye drop solution could be formulated."	( Glycerogelatin-based ocular inserts of aceclofenac: physicochemical, drug release studies and efficacy against prostaglandin E₂-induced ocular inflammation. Gilhotra, RM; Mathurm, M, 2011)	0.37
" Although preclinical data support curcumin activity in many sites, the poor bioavailability reported for this agent supports its use in the colorectum."	( Phase IIa clinical trial of curcumin for the prevention of colorectal neoplasia. Benya, RV; Brenner, DE; Carpenter, PM; Carroll, RE; Kakarala, M; McLaren, C; Meyskens, FL; Neuman, M; Rodriguez, L; Turgeon, DK; Vareed, S, 2011)	0.37
" These results are especially important since compound 12 exhibited good oral bioavailability (72%) and was not cytotoxic at a concentration of 10."	( Identification of furo[3', 2':3,4]naphtho[1,2-d]imidazole derivatives as orally active and selective inhibitors of microsomal prostaglandin E(2) synthase-1 (mPGES-1). Chen, YL; Cheng, CM; Chuang, YC; Lin, CS; Peng, SI; Shih, PK; Tseng, CH; Tzeng, CC; Wang, JP; Yang, CN, 2012)	0.38
"Green tea catechins (GTC) reduce UV radiation (UVR)-induced inflammation in experimental models, but human studies are scarce and their cutaneous bioavailability and mechanism of photoprotection are unknown."	( Oral green tea catechin metabolites are incorporated into human skin and protect against UV radiation-induced cutaneous inflammation in association with reduced production of pro-inflammatory eicosanoid 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Bennett, S; Clarke, KA; Darby, G; Dew, TP; Farrar, MD; Massey, KA; Nicolaou, A; Rhodes, LE; Watson, RE; Williamson, G, 2013)	0.39
" A nonlinear relationship between dose and bioavailability was observed which leads to a less than proportional increase in naproxen concentrations with increasing doses."	( Model-based analysis of thromboxane B₂ and prostaglandin E₂ as biomarkers in the safety evaluation of naproxen. Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, O; Sahota, T; Sanderson, I, 2014)	0.4
"We hypothesized that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates amniotic fluid transport across the amnion by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in amnion cells and that amniotic PGE2 concentration correlates positively with intramembranous (IM) absorption rate in fetal sheep."	( Prostaglandin E2 regulation of amnion cell vascular endothelial growth factor expression: relationship with intramembranous absorption rate in fetal sheep. Anderson, DF; Beardall, MK; Brace, RA; Cheung, CY, 2014)	0.4
" Bioavailability was 112% and 88% for the paste and tablet, respectively."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three formulations of firocoxib in healthy horses. Barlow, BM; Blikslager, AT; Curling, A; Davis, JL; Fogle, C; Holland, B; Schirmer, J, 2015)	0.42
" In conclusion, core-shell type pH-sensitive mucoadhesive microparticles loaded with puerarin could enhance puerarin bioavailability and have the potential to alleviate ethanol-mediated gastric ulcers."	( Mucoadhesive microparticles for gastroretentive delivery: preparation, biodistribution and targeting evaluation. Cui, YL; Gao, LN; Hou, JY; Meng, FY, 2014)	0.4
" However, the low bioavailability of curcumin, partly due to its low solubility and stability in the digestive tract, limits its therapeutic applications."	( Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Standardized Solid Lipid Curcumin Formulations. Nahar, PP; Seeram, NP; Slitt, AL, 2015)	0.42
" Estrogens are metabolized locally, presumably regulating their bioavailability and actions."	( Pregnancy Recognition and Implantation of the Conceptus in the Mare. Klein, C, 2015)	0.42
"A network pharmacology approach comprising drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, multiple drug target prediction, and network analysis has been used in this study."	( Network pharmacology-based prediction of the active ingredients and potential targets of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction for application to allergic rhinitis. Fan, Q; Huang, Y; Tan, X; Tang, F; Tang, Q; Tian, Y, 2015)	0.42
" DF2755A given orally was well absorbed (88."	( DF2755A, a novel non-competitive allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1/2, reduces inflammatory and post-operative pain. Allegretti, M; Alves-Filho, JC; Aramini, A; Bianchini, G; Brandolini, L; Cunha, FQ; Cunha, TM; Lopes, AH; Silva, RL; Teixeira, MM; Verri, WA; Zaperlon, AC, 2016)	0.43
"39 fold increase in plasma apigenin levels compared to administration of apigenin alone, suggesting that co-administration of resveratrol could increase bioavailability of apigenin."	( Resveratrol as a Bioenhancer to Improve Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Apigenin. Cho, E; Choi, I; Ha, SK; Lee, JA, 2015)	0.42
", ip) indicate that the liver is the primary site of biotransformation of the compound, suggesting that both 22a and its metabolite(s) are active, compensating probably low bioavailability of the parent molecule."	( Design, physico-chemical properties and biological evaluation of some new N-[(phenoxy)alkyl]- and N-{2-[2-(phenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}aminoalkanols as anticonvulsant agents. Bednarski, M; Gunia-Krzyżak, A; Marona, H; Nitek, W; Pękala, E; Powroźnik, B; Słoczyńska, K; Walczak, M; Waszkielewicz, AM; Żesławska, E, 2016)	0.43
" Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and its relation with the endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and l-NG-monomethylarginine (l-NMMA), renin release by juxtaglomerular cells and aldosterone pathway, seem to determine NSAID safety also."	( The Coxib case: Are EP receptors really guilty? Boccatonda, A; Cipollone, F; Davì, G; Santilli, F, 2016)	0.43
" The bioavailability and bioactivity was evaluated following gavage with HT/PCy in rabbits."	( Olive and grape seed extract prevents post-traumatic osteoarthritis damages and exhibits in vitro anti IL-1β activities before and after oral consumption. Abadie, J; Beck, L; Gauthier, O; Guicheux, J; Hivernaud, V; Houard, X; Krisa, S; Lesoeur, J; Masson, M; Merceron, C; Mével, E; Nourissat, G; Richard, T; Urban, N; Vinatier, C; Wittrant, Y, 2016)	0.43
" As AVNs have high bioavailability in humans, results of this study suggest that oat-based foods, fortified with AVNs, could be an alternative to produce functional foods with anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects for health benefits."	( Natural and synthetic avenanthramides activate caspases 2, 8, 3 and downregulate hTERT, MDR1 and COX-2 genes in CaCo-2 and Hep3B cancer cells. Antonini, E; Mari, M; Ninfali, P; Palma, F; Scarpa, ES, 2018)	0.48
"Vaginal washing before intravaginal dinoprostone insertion may increase Prostaglandin E2 bioavailability as we found shorter duration and better outcome of labor induction in the present study."	( Effect of vaginal washing before intravaginal dinoprostone insertion for labor induction: A randomized clinical trial. Bostanci Ergen, E; Eroğlu, M; Kilicci, C; Kurek Eken, M; Ozkaya, E; Sanverdi, I; Yayla Abide, Ç; Yenidede, I, 2018)	1.01
" On the other hand, IS01957 has been designed under the purview of anti-inflammatory drug and bioavailability enhancer."	( Effect of IS01957, a para-coumaric acid derivative on pharmacokinetic modulation of diclofenac through oral route for augmented efficacy. Abdullah, ST; Bhatt, S; Dogra, A; Gour, A; Koul, S; Malik, TA; Nandi, U; Rath, SK; Sangwan, PL; Sharma, A; Singh, G, 2019)	0.51
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
" Further human in vivo research which manipulates COX/PGE2 bioavailability and participant acclimation/acclimatization are warranted to elucidate the influence of COX/PGE2 on Tc."	( The influence of environmental and core temperature on cyclooxygenase and PGE2 in healthy humans. Cherif, A; Chrismas, BCR; Esh, CJ; Mauger, AR; Molphy, J; Taylor, L, 2021)	0.62

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" The dose-response curves for NKA and SP were shifted to the left (three orders and one order of magnitude, respectively) in AMs isolated from sensitized animals, with no variation in maximal effects."	( Enhanced responsiveness of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea-pig alveolar macrophages to tachykinins. Brunelleschi, S; Ceni, E; Fantozzi, R; Giotti, A; Parenti, A, 1992)	0.28
" When theophylline was infused with increasing doses of PGE2, the dose-response curve was shifted to the left."	( Theophylline and prostaglandin E2 on duodenal bicarbonate secretion: role for 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Hogan, DL; Isenberg, JI; Koss, MA; Mu, JZ, 1992)	0.28
" The level of kinase induction correlated well with dose-response curves for two characteristic IL-1-induced responses, PGE2 and IL-6 production."	( Evidence that MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase activation may be a necessary but not sufficient signal for a restricted subset of responses in IL-1-treated epidermoid cells. Bird, TA; Delaney, PB; Dower, SK; Schule, HD; Sims, JE; Thoma, B, 1992)	0.28
" Dose-response relationships show that the response to kallidin and bradykinin was of higher sensitivity for additions to the apical cell aspects."	( Acetylcholine and kinin augmentation of Cl- secretion stimulated by prostaglandin in a canine renal epithelial cell line. Simmons, NL, 1992)	0.28
"The effects of chronic superficial injury on the stomach were studied in rats dosed with a mild irritant (2 mol/L NaCl intragastrically) every 48 hours for 1 month followed by 1-month recovery."	( Effects of chronic superficial injury on the rat gastric mucosa. Cowart, KS; Hund, P; Lacy, ER, 1992)	0.28
" There was a marked upward shift in the dose-response curve of histamine (HA; 10(-8) to 10(-3) M) in milk-fed rats, indicating enhanced sensitivity of parietal cell-H2 receptor to exogenous HA."	( Milk-stimulated PGE2 production by isolated gastric cells: a possible role in the inhibition of histamine-induced acid secretion. Brunel-Riveau, B; Ducroc, R; Garzon, B; Geloso, JP; Vilar, J; Wirbel, A, 1992)	0.28
" PGE2 treatment for 60 days increased trabecular bone area, trabecular width, and bone formation parameters, and shortened remodeling periods in a dose-response manner."	( Effects of daily administration of prostaglandin E2 and its withdrawal on the lumbar vertebral bodies in male rats. Jee, WS; Ke, HZ, 1992)	0.28
"6MNA, the active metabolite of the non-acidic anti-inflammatory drug nabumetone, was investigated using intravenous administration for effects on (a) carrageenan paw oedema and gastric irritancy compared to either oral nabumetone or both oral and intravenous indomethacin when given acutely and (b) gastrointestinal irritancy when given in repeat dosing studies."	( Anti-inflammatory and gastrointestinal effects of nabumetone or its active metabolite, 6MNA (6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid): comparison with indomethacin. Blower, PR; Gentry, C; Kelvin, AS; Melarange, R; Neil, C; O'Connell, C; Toseland, CD, 1992)	0.28
" The highest antibiotic dosage induced an abrupt decline of PGI2 synthesis, down to 26%, in animals with the longest duration of treatment."	( Prostaglandin synthesis by the lateral cochlear wall under streptomycin influence. Aharinejad, S; Firbas, W; Franz, P; Sinzinger, H, 1992)	0.28
"8% LA diet group, and a positive dose-response relationship between dietary LA and mammary-tumor incidence was observed."	( Differential effects of dietary linoleic acid on mouse skin-tumor promotion and mammary carcinogenesis. Bechtel, DH; Belury, MA; Fischer, SM; Lee, ML; Leyton, J; Locniskar, M; Maldve, RE; Slaga, TJ, 1992)	0.28
" Carrageenan was injected into the footpad of each animal 1 hr after dosing and volumes of both hind paws were determined 3 hr later."	( Correlation of anti-inflammatory activity with peak tissue rather than peak plasma levels of BF389. Bendele, AM; Benslay, DN; Lee, SJ; Lindstrom, TD; Naismith, RW; Ruterbories, KJ; Spaethe, SM, 1992)	0.28
" Nitecapone (10-100 mg/kg orally) induced at 1 h after dosing a significant and dose-dependent increase in gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 release."	( Role of gastric mucosal eicosanoid production in the cytoprotection induced by nitecapone. Aho, PA; Lindén, IB, 1992)	0.28
" We found that PGE2 administration not only prevented diuse-induced bone loss, but also added extra bone to disuse cancellous bone in a dose-response manner."	( Prostaglandin E2 prevents bone loss and adds extra bone to immobilized distal femoral metaphysis in female rats. Akamine, T; Jee, WS; Ke, HZ; Li, XJ; Lin, BY, 1992)	0.28
" (d) Yohimbine, but not prazosin, suppressed the noradrenaline dose-response curve for prostaglandin production."	( Noradrenaline-induced prostaglandin production by sympathetic postganglionic neurons is mediated by alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Goldyne, ME; Gonzales, R; Levine, JD; Sherbourne, CD, 1991)	0.28
" This effect appears to be mediated by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) because 1) ibuprofen blocks the inhibitory effect of IL-1 on IMCD Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity, 2) IL-1 and PGE2 cause equivalent and nonadditive inhibition of 86Rb+ uptake, 3) IL-1 causes a two- to threefold increase in PGE2 content in IMCD cells, and 4) dose-response curves were similar for IL-1 stimulation of PGE2 content and inhibition of 86Rb+ uptake in IMCD cells."	( Interleukin-1 inhibition of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in inner medullary collecting duct cells: role of PGE2. Brady, HR; Kohan, DE; Zeidel, ML, 1991)	0.28
"25 mg kg-1) caused a shift of the clonidine antisecretory dose-response curve to the right, demonstrating tolerance."	( Studies to determine whether there is tolerance or cross-tolerance to the antisecretory effect of morphine and clonidine in the rat intestine. Bentley, GA; Coupar, IM; Margaritis, J, 1991)	0.28
" Prostaglandins E1 or E2, vasoactive intestinal peptide, carbachol, phenylephrine, or platelet-activating factor did not affect either the maximal cAMP response or the isoproterenol dose-response relationship."	( Beta-adrenergic receptors on human tracheal epithelial cells in primary culture. Davis, PB; Infeld, M; Kercsmar, CM; Silski, CL, 1990)	0.28
" These dramatic bone changes were all significantly increased at the dose-response manner."	( Production of new trabecular bone in osteopenic ovariectomized rats by prostaglandin E2. Jee, WS; Li, XJ; Mori, S, 1992)	0.28
" Exogenous PGE2 administration produced the following transient changes in a dose-response manner between zero and 60 days: 1) increased bone width and mineral density; 2) increased total tissue and total bone areas; 3) decreased marrow area; 4) increased periosteal and corticoendosteal lamellar bone formation; 5) activated corticoendosteal lamellar and woven trabecular bone formation and 6) activated intracortical bone remodeling."	( Long-term anabolic effects of prostaglandin-E2 on tibial diaphyseal bone in male rats. Jee, WS; Ke, HZ; Li, XJ, 1991)	0.28
" In contrast to previous studies examining birds and viviparous lizards, no dosage induced oviposition in any of the treated females."	( Effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha prostaglandin E2 and arachidonic acid on the induction of oviposition in vivo and in vitro in oviparous lizards. DeMarco, V; Guillette, LJ; Masson, GR, 1991)	0.28
" To investigate the possible involvement of CuZnSOD gene dosage in perturbation of prostaglandin biosynthesis we analyzed transfected cells and transgenic mice that express elevated levels of human CuZnSOD."	( Gene dosage of CuZnSOD and Down's syndrome: diminished prostaglandin synthesis in human trisomy 21, transfected cells and transgenic mice. Groner, Y; Knobler, H; Minc-Golomb, D, 1991)	0.28
" The addition of synthetic prostaglandins to the antiinflammatory glucocorticoid dosage regimen may prove to be of major therapeutic importance in the treatment of arthritic diseases by potentiating the effects of glucocorticoid on the reduction of the catabolism of articular cartilage."	( Modulation of glucocorticoid receptor expression in human articular chondrocytes by cAMP and prostaglandins. Cloutier, JM; DiBattista, JA; Martel-Pelletier, J; Pelletier, JP, 1991)	0.28
" Dose-response curves, established by using parietal bone fragments, showed that the sensitivity and the magnitude of the increase in 45Ca release seen after stimulation with PTH, prostaglandin E2, and 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 were the same for bones cultured submerged or on grids."	( In vitro studies on bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvariae using a modified dissection technique giving four samples of bone from each calvaria. Lerner, UH; Ljunggren, O; Ransjö, M, 1991)	0.28
" Bicarbonate buffer containing pepsin and adjusted to pH 2, 4, or 7 with HCl was dosed with magnesium and aluminum hydroxide antacid (Maalox) (10 ml), sucralfate (Carafate) (0."	( Antacid, sucralfate, and prostaglandin E2 effects on the growth and potential for translocation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro gastric simulation. Dupuis, GK; Goeger, MP; Heggers, JP; Herndon, DN; Robson, MC, )	0.13
" Comparative dose-response curves showed that gamma-IFN was most potent as inhibitor of bradykinin induced 45Ca release."	( Inhibitory effects of gamma-interferon on bradykinin-induced bone resorption and prostaglandin formation in cultured mouse calvarial bones. Klaushofer, K; Lerner, UH; Ljunggren, O; Peterlik, M; Ransjö, M, 1991)	0.28
" Uterine activity monitoring began 1 hour before dosing and continued for 12 hours."	( Patterns of uterine activity after intravaginal prostaglandin E2 during preinduction cervical ripening. Miller, AM; Rayburn, WF; Smith, CV, 1991)	0.28
" The effect of PGE2 on bone formation or bone remodelling was dose-related (5, 15, 50 micrograms/kg), with 5 micrograms/kg body weight as the optimal dosage in this study."	( Additive effects of prostaglandin E2 and pulsed electromagnetic fields on fracture healing. Chang, WH; Liu, TK; Tsai, CL; Wu, KH, 1991)	0.28
" The coculture of indomethacin with interleukin-2 (IL-2) augmented LAK cell activity in an indomethacin dose-response manner, and diminished PGE2 content in the corresponding culture supernatant in a reverse dose-response manner."	( Prostaglandin E2 from macrophages of murine splenocyte cultures inhibits the generation of lymphokine-activated killer cell activity. Chu, TM; Lin, TH; Nakajima, I; Ohnishi, H, 1991)	0.28
"The hemodynamic role of prostaglandins in the inflammatory phase of bone healing was studied on day 4 after creation of a nailed midtibial osteotomy in 40 rabbits, divided into groups of 10, treated with either indomethacin (oral dosage 10 mg/kg), subcutaneous (s."	( Early hemodynamic response to tibial osteotomy in rabbits: influence of indomethacin and prostaglandin E2. Bünger, C; Hansen, ES; He, SZ; Keller, J; Kjaersgaard-Andersen, P, 1991)	0.28
" We conclude that PGE2 gel in this dosage may be used safely in an outpatient setting, but more frequent application or earlier initiation may be required to produce a clinical effect."	( Sequential outpatient application of intravaginal prostaglandin E2 gel in the management of postdates pregnancies. Angel, JL; Johnson, L; Mastrogiannis, DS; O'Brien, WF; Sawai, SK; Williams, MC, 1991)	0.28
" With the aid of previously reported placebo data, the intent was to compare the two dosage forms in terms of their ability to promote cervical ripening, and to see which dosage form was more effective in terms of influencing the overall incidence of cesarean section."	( Comparative efficacy of intravaginal prostaglandin E2 in the gel and suppository forms for cervical ripening. Curet, LB; Gauger, LJ, 1991)	0.28
"The effects of oral dosing with paracetamol (40 mg/kg/day for 3 days) on serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), sodium homeostasis, urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and on some other renal function parameters were investigated in 10 healthy young controls aged 23-26 years, 9 healthy elderly persons with normal renal function aged 66-78 years and 9 patients with chronic stable impaired renal function."	( Acute effects of paracetamol on prostaglandin synthesis and renal function in normal man and in patients with renal failure. Berg, KJ; Djøseland, O; Gjellan, A; Hundal, O; Knudsen, ER; Rugstad, HE; Rønneberg, E, 1990)	0.28
" Indomethacin inhibited PGI2 synthesis in a dose-response manner; at 7 x 10(-5) M, prostanoid synthesis was inhibited by greater than 80 per cent."	( Synthesis of prostaglandins I2 and E2 by the canine gallbladder in vitro: studies using a new incubation chamber. England, DW; Hoover, EL; Jaffe, BM; Webb, H, 1990)	0.28
"05) of both the vasopressin-urine osmolality and the vasopressin-urine flow dose-response curves."	( Effect of cyclo-oxygenase blockade on the renal actions of vasopressin and SK&F 105494 in the rhesus monkey. Albrightson-Winslow, CR; Brooks, DP; Caldwell, NC; Kinter, LB; Koster, PF, 1990)	0.28
" The peroxisomal disease lines exhibited dose-response curves to interleukin 1 similar to controls."	( Arachidonic acid metabolism in fibroblasts from patients with peroxisomal diseases: response to interleukin 1. Burch, RM; Hoefler, S; Moser, HW; Tiffany, CW, 1990)	0.28
" In addition, the similarity of the dose-response curves for the bradykinin-mediated increase in Ca2+, PGE2, and cAMP (half-maximal stimulation of 12, 11, and 13 nM, respectively) and the ability of the B2-antagonist (B4307) to block each of these effects of bradykinin suggest that all three effects are mediated by the same bradykinin (B2) receptor."	( Effects of kinins on cultured arterial smooth muscle. Breckon, R; Dixon, BS; Fortune, J; Linas, SL; Marzec-Calvert, R; Stewart, JM; Vavrek, RJ, 1990)	0.28
" The second group also of 10 patients was treated with CBS 120 mg qid and after 2 days they received aspirin and CBS simultaneously in the dosage mentioned above for another 4 days."	( [Protective effect of colloidal bismuth subcitrate on gastric mucosal lesion induced by aspirin]. Chen, J; Chen, SP; Wen, SH, 1990)	0.28
" PAF stimulates the release of IL-1 beta activity into THP-1 cell supernatants with a multiphasic dose-response curve very similar to that for monocytes."	( Synergistic increases in IL-1 synthesis by the human monocytic cell line THP-1 treated with PAF and endotoxin. Barthelson, RA; Potter, T; Valone, FH, 1990)	0.28
" In separate groups of rats, the log dose-response curve for bolus intravenous injection of AII was shifted to the right by SQ-29,548 while that for PE was unaffected."	( Thromboxane mediation of the pressor response to infused angiotensin II. Welch, WJ; Wilcox, CS, 1990)	0.28
" Dose-response studies revealed that PGF2 alpha increased the potency of insulin in granulosa cells (EC50 for insulin-stimulation of oxytocin release reduced from 141 to 13 nmol/l by 1 mumol PGF2 alpha/l), but not in luteal cells."	( Chronic regulation of ovarian oxytocin and progesterone release by prostaglandins: opposite effects in bovine granulosa and early luteal cells. McArdle, CA, 1990)	0.28
" Results were analyzed for the following: change in the Bishop score, lag time from dosage to delivery, spontaneous versus induced labor, cesarean section rate, length of labor and neonatal outcome."	( Intracervical prostaglandin in postdate pregnancy. A randomized trial. Buttino, LT; Garite, TJ, 1990)	0.28
" We conclude that at effective beta-blocking dosage SE2395 does not induce any detrimental effect on renal function in conscious dogs."	( Cardiovascular and renal effects of the beta-blocker SE2395 in conscious normotensive dogs. Burke, TJ; Erickson, AL; Prost, JF; Rochat, C; Walker, BR, )	0.13
" No study showed a clear-cut dose-response relationship."	( Accumulation of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate in cultured neonatal human dermal fibroblasts exposed to parathyroid hormone and prostaglandin E2. Fritz, SR; Fryer, MJ; Heath, H, 1986)	0.27
" We found that the maturational effects of the lymphokine or 1,25[OH]2D3 were accompanied by a marked reduction in the PGE2-induced increase in cellular content of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and a shift in the dose-response curve consistent with a decrease in PGE2 receptor number or binding affinity."	( The adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate response to prostaglandin E2 is altered in U937 cells in association with maturational events induced by activated T lymphocytes and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Amento, EP; Goldring, SR; Krane, SM; Roelke, MS, 1986)	0.27
" Neither xanthine shifted the calcium dose-response when PMNs were activated with calcium ionophore."	( Therapeutic concentrations of theophylline and enprofylline potentiate catecholamine effects and inhibit leukocyte activation. Crowley, JJ; Cusack, BJ; Nielson, CP; Vestal, RE, 1986)	0.27
" Thus, palytoxin exhibited a biphasic dose-response curve for enhanced bone resorption, with stimulation at low concentrations (0."	( Palytoxin: an extraordinarily potent stimulator of prostaglandin production and bone resorption in cultured mouse calvariae. Fujiki, H; Lazzaro, M; Levine, L; Tashjian, AH, 1987)	0.27
" The dose of AII was obtained by dose-response infusion until a minimal increase in blood pressure occurred."	( Inhibition of captopril-induced renin release by angiotensin II. Ceballos, L; Mersey, JH; Swartz, S, 1987)	0.27
" Dose-response curves with either arecoline or histamine on isolated tracheae from these animals display increased maximal contractions, and decreased EC50 values."	( Endotoxin-induced hyperreactivity of the guinea-pig isolated trachea coincides with decreased prostaglandin E2 production by the epithelial layer. Engels, F; Folkerts, G; Nijkamp, FP, 1989)	0.28
" Following topical dosing with 14C-viprostol in petrolatum and silicone oil, substantial systemic concentrations of radioactivity and decreases in MABP were observed."	( Skin metabolism and transdermal absorption of viprostol, a synthetic PGE2 analog, in the rat: effect of vehicle. Cervoni, P; Chan, PS; Dahlin, DC; Kohlbrenner, M; Nicolau, G; Ronsberg, MA; Saunders, TK; Yacobi, A, 1989)	0.28
" After 7 to 13 passages of subcultures, the cells were divided into control and experimental groups with a dosage of PGE2."	( [The effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on growth, proliferation, morphology and protein synthesis of aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) in vitro]. Deng, YP; Lei, ZZ, 1989)	0.28
" When comparing the 2 mg and 3 mg groups, a certain superiority of the 3 mg dosage could be noted, leading to the opinion, that trial dosages of less than 3 mg should be abandoned."	( [The "other induction"--experiences and consequences in 281 deliveries following intravaginal administration of PGE2 tablets]. Hettenbach, A; Melchert, F; Wischnik, A, 1989)	0.28
" No statistical differences were found at any dosage level in either study for average uterine resting pressures, average peak pressures, the number of contractions or Montevideo units."	( Arbaprostil's [15(R)-15-methyl PGE2] effects on intrauterine pressure in the nonpregnant and pregnant human female--a report of four clinical trials. Bogaerts, H; Burns, MD; Euler, AR; Huber, J; Kitt, M; Leodolter, S; Lookabaugh, J; Phan, TD; Wood, DR, 1989)	0.28
" Inhibition of fibroblast prostaglandin (PG) synthesis enhanced TGF beta-induced stimulation of total protein, collagen, and fibronectin production and reversed the negative slope of the dose-response curve at high concentrations of TGF beta."	( Transforming growth factor-beta stimulation of lung fibroblast prostaglandin E2 production. Diaz, A; Jimenez, SA; Varga, J, 1989)	0.28
"Eight patients with chronic heart failure classified as NYHA class II to III (group 1) and nine patients with acute decompensated heart failure classified as NYHA class IV (group 2) were treated with piretanide at a dosage of 12 mg administered intravenously."	( [Piretanide in chronic and acute decompensated heart failure. Effect on hemodynamics and vasoactive hormones]. Hopf, R; Kaltenbach, M; Kirsten, R; Nelson, K; Pooth, R; Sievert, H; Vens-Cappell, F, 1989)	0.28
" Retinoic acid and EGF dose-response curves demonstrate that the effect on PGE2 secretion correlates with the retinoic acid induced increase in EGF receptors."	( EGF-induced PGE2 release is synergistically enhanced in retinoic acid treated fetal rat lung cells. Carpenter, G; Oberg, KC, 1989)	0.28
" Thus there were two distinct dose-response curves for day and night."	( Prostaglandin fevers in rats: regulated change in body temperature or change in regulated body temperature? Cohen, J; Feng, JD; Price, M; Satinoff, E, 1989)	0.28
" This decrease was parallel with the simultaneous increase in the HBD and HCO3- secretion together with the increase in AGML in a dose-response manner."	( [Mechanisms of gastric mucosal protection in peptic ulcer formation]. Nagamatsu, Y, 1988)	0.27
"5 X 10(-10) M, had parallel dose-response curves, and were of essentially equal potency."	( Human parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related protein and human PTH: comparative biological activities on human bone cells and bone resorption. Bosma, TJ; Fukayama, S; Goad, DL; Tashjian, AH; Voelkel, EF, 1988)	0.27
" Phentolamine, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist, and inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (ibuprofen, indomethacin, and acetylsalicylic acid) caused a shift to the right of the epinephrine dose-response curve, indicating antagonism of the response to epinephrine."	( Interaction of epinephrine with isolated rabbit tracheal epithelial cells. Liedtke, CM, 1986)	0.27
" PGE2 generation by these cells in MEM medium was dose-relatedly inhibited with etofenamate as well as flufenamic acid at the dosage range of 1 to 30 microM."	( [The mode of anti-inflammatory action of a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, etofenamate]. Ishii, K; Kadokawa, T; Motoyoshi, S; Nakamura, H; Seto, Y; Shimoda, A, 1987)	0.27
" In canine basilar arteries, endothelium removal elevated the dose-response curves to 5-HT, PGF2 alpha, and PGD2, and PGE2, but not to KCl, hemoglobin, or NE."	( Effect of removal of the endothelium on vasocontraction in canine and rabbit basilar arteries. Hongo, K; Kassell, NF; Lee, JH; Lehman, RM; Nakagomi, T; Sasaki, T; Torner, JC, 1988)	0.27
" SC-19220 produced a competitive rightward shift of the dose-response curve for the contractile effect induced by PGE2 on strips of rat detrusor muscle in vitro, whereas the amplitude of nerve-mediated twitches was unaffected."	( The effect of SC-19220, a prostaglandin antagonist, on the micturition reflex in rats. Conte, B; Furio, M; Giuliani, S; Gragnani, L; Maggi, CA; Meli, A; Meli, P; Patacchini, R; Santicioli, P, 1988)	0.27
" The induction of keratinocyte HLA-DR expression was greater for continuous compared with pulse dosage (0."	( Human keratinocyte-lymphocyte reactions in vitro. Basham, TY; Merigan, TC; Morhenn, VB; Nickoloff, BJ; Torseth, JW, 1986)	0.27
" However, the baseline control collections after chronic dosing did not differ from the no-drug control periods."	( Effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on renal function in patients with renal insufficiency and in cirrhotics. Anderson, SA; Brater, DC; Brown-Cartwright, D; Toto, RD, 1986)	0.27
"The effect of 7 consecutive days dosing with anti-inflammatory drugs on rat gastric mucosal PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentrations were studied."	( A subchronic study of the effect of etodolac on the gastric mucosal prostaglandin levels in the rat. Cohen, R; Gilliar, J; Lee, DK; Mulder, B; Smith, T, 1986)	0.27
" The dose-response curve for histamine in each culture was progressively displaced to the right with increasing concentrations of cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist."	( Histamine H2 receptors on chondrocytes derived from human, canine and bovine articular cartilage. Brown, DM; Taylor, DJ; Woolley, DE; Yoffe, JR, 1985)	0.27
" Dose-response studies showed that both lipoxin A and lipoxin B inhibit, at submicromolar concentrations (ID50 10(-7) M), NK cell activity assayed against K562 target cells."	( Action of novel eicosanoids lipoxin A and B on human natural killer cell cytotoxicity: effects on intracellular cAMP and target cell binding. Ng, J; Ramstedt, U; Samuelsson, B; Serhan, CN; Wigzell, H, 1985)	0.27
" Dosage was either 1 or 2 mmol 4-HPR/kg of chow."	( Dose-dependent suppression by the synthetic retinoid, 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide, of streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis in rats. Allen, JB; Brinckerhoff, CE; Haraoui, B; Helfgott, RK; Sporn, MB; Wilder, RL, 1985)	0.27
" The dose-response curves of NA were shifted to the right."	( Vasoconstriction induced by noradrenaline and angiotensin II is antagonized by eicosapentaenoic acid independent of formation of trienoic eicosanoids. Juan, H; Sametz, W, 1986)	0.27
" This study compares 2 dosage regimens of intramuscular administration."	( Clinical trials of intramuscular sulprostone for second trimester abortion. Intaraprasert, S; Sugkraroek, P, 1988)	0.27
" Progesterone in pharmacological dosage stimulates the syntheses of PGF2 alpha and of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)."	( Effects of estradiol-17 beta and progesterone on the synthesis of prostaglandin F2 alpha, prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin I2 by fibroblasts from human endometrium in vitro. Breckwoldt, M; Flecken, U; Neulen, J; Zahradnik, HP, 1988)	0.27
" A dose-response curve was achieved for all three cyclooxygenase products with the calcium ionophore A23187."	( Human peritoneal eosinophils and formation of arachidonate cyclooxygenase products. Foegh, ML; Maddox, YT; Ramwell, PW, 1986)	0.27
"OH) radical was observed to affect cyclooxygenase metabolism in a dose-response manner."	( Gender-related variations and interaction of human neutrophil cyclooxygenase and oxidative burst metabolites. Bellanti, JA; Mallery, SR; Ramwell, PW; Zeligs, BJ, 1986)	0.27
" IL-1 treatment of cells yielded parallel dose-response curves for stimulation of prostaglandin E2 formation, increased cellular cyclooxygenase activity, and increased synthetic rate of newly formed cyclooxygenase, suggesting that the IL-1 effect is mediated mainly, if not solely, via induction of cyclooxygenase synthesis."	( Regulation of fibroblast cyclooxygenase synthesis by interleukin-1. Needleman, P; Raz, A; Siegel, N; Wyche, A, 1988)	0.27
" Rabbits were fed a diet supplemented with 2% cholesterol and 8% peanut oil for 12 weeks with or without UK-38485 at a dosage that maintained 80% to 90% inhibition of TXA2 formation in serum."	( Suppression of foam cell lesions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits by inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthesis. Galang, CF; Gerrity, RG; Konieczkowski, M; Rebec, MV; Skrinska, VA, )	0.13
" Dose-response curves showed that Aur was at least 10 times more potent than GST."	( Comparison of the effects of auranofin, gold sodium thiomalate, and penicillamine on resorption of cultured fetal rat long bones. Hurley, MM; Jones, TG; Raisz, LG; Vargas, SJ, 1987)	0.27
" The extent of the inhibitory effects was proportional to dosage and the duration of treatment and could be observed following only a brief exposure (two hours) of the MDLMS to physiologic doses of the mediators."	( Down regulation of myelopoiesis by mediators inhibiting the production of macrophage-derived granulomonopoietic enhancing activity (GM-EA). Castro-Malaspina, H; Chen, LY; Ho, CK; Huang, MH; Moore, MA; Wang, RC; Wang, SY, 1988)	0.27
" The dose-response relationship in preventing gastric mucosal damage and in inhibiting gastric acid and pepsin secretion was investigated."	( Protective and antisecretory effects of the new PGE2 analogue, FCE 20700, and of 16,16 dimethyl PGE2 in pylorus-ligated rat. Barocelli, E; Chiavarini, M; Impicciatore, M; Morini, G, 1988)	0.27
" Bell-shaped dose-response curves were observed for the other two monkeys."	( Prostaglandin D2, a cerebral sleep-inducing substance in monkeys. Fujita, I; Hayaishi, O; Nishino, H; Onoe, H; Oomura, Y; Ueno, R, 1988)	0.27
" After oral dosing approx."	( Pre-systemic metabolism of viprostol in the monkey following oral and topical administration. Cosulich, DB; DiCioccio, AT; McWilliams, WE; Nicolau, G; Perkinson, NA; Tonelli, AP; Yacobi, A, 1988)	0.27
" Pretreatment with 20% ethanol markedly inhibited the gross mucosal damage caused by 70% ethanol dosing but the inhibition in the reduction of mucus glycoprotein content was restricted to about 80% of the untreated controls."	( Mucus glycoprotein and mucosal protection. Hotta, K; Ishihara, K; Kuwata, H; Ohara, S; Ohkawa, H; Okabe, H, 1988)	0.27
" Morphine altered dose-response curves for exogenous PGE2, evoking a parallel surmountable shift to the right, but did not affect the inotropic action of added PGF2 alpha."	( Morphine diminishes the constancy of spontaneous uterine contractions, antagonizes the positive inotropic effects of prostaglandin E2, but not of prostaglandin F2 alpha and inhibits prostaglandin E and F outputs from the uterus of ovariectomized rats. Chaud, MA; Faletti, A; Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MA, 1988)	0.27
"8 nmol/l) of PGE2 on the mefloquine- and quinine-induced inhibition of the ACh cumulative dose-response curves were also investigated."	( Action of mefloquine on agonist-induced contractions of the guinea-pig isolated ileum. Go, ML; Lee, HS, 1988)	0.27
" While no uterine contractions were noted after the application of the estradiol, 85% of patients had recordable uterine activity after the application of prostaglandin E2, suggesting that even at the 2 mg dosage this sequential regimen is not appropriate for local cervical ripening."	( The sequential use of estradiol and prostaglandin E2 topical gels for cervical ripening in high-risk term pregnancies requiring induction of labor. Cohen, GR; Lewis, ML; O'Brien, WF; Williams, JK, 1988)	0.27
" LGE2, AnLGE2, delta 9-LGE2 and the synthetic epimer, 8-epi-delta 9-LGE2 all induced contractions in a dose-response fashion."	( Effects of E2 levuglandins on the contractile activity of the rat uterus. Foreman, D; Miller, DB; Salomon, RG; Zuk, L, 1987)	0.27
"The pharmacokinetics of various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were determined to find dosage regimens by which drug concentrations known as active from human anti-inflammatory therapy could be reached and maintained in rabbits during continued administration."	( Pharmacokinetics of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in male rabbits after acute and chronic administration and effect of chronic treatment on seminal prostaglandins, sperm quality and fertility. Krüger, S; Löscher, W; Lüttgenau, H; Schlegel, W, 1988)	0.27
" Before the fertility experiments, the pharmacokinetics of the drugs were determined to find dosage regimens by which drug concentrations known as active from human anti-inflammatory therapy could be reached and maintained in the animals."	( Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on fertility of male rats. Blazaki, D; Löscher, W, 1986)	0.27
"We determined dose-response characteristics of indomethacin and prostaglandin E2 on the myoelectric activity in ileum of anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits."	( Dose-response effects of indomethacin and PGE2 on electromechanical activity of in vivo rabbit ileum. Dwyer, A; Jeffries, GH; Koch, KL, 1986)	0.27
" With this dosage a monophasic increase of portal blood flow and pressure was found with PGA1, PGE1, and PGE2, whereas PGF2 alpha caused a biphasic response: an initial decrease in portal blood flow and pressure was followed by an increase in these parameters."	( Prostaglandins in diagnostic and therapeutic superior mesenteric artery pharmacoangiography. Burgener, FA; Gutierrez, OH, 1986)	0.27
" For each stimulator tested, the dose-response relationships for the stimulation of resorption and the inhibition of collagen synthesis were found to coincide."	( Simultaneous measurement of bone resorption and collagen synthesis in neonatal mouse calvaria. Hefley, TJ; Krieger, NS; Stern, PH, 1986)	0.27
" Prostaglandin D2 had biphasic effects on pain thresholds (hot plate and acetic acid writhing tests) when given in a dosage range of 5 ng to 5 micrograms per mouse."	( Alterations in nociception after intracisternal administration of prostaglandin D2, E2 or F2 alpha to conscious mice. Hayaishi, O; Horiguchi, S; Hyodo, M; Ueno, R, 1986)	0.27
" In vitro studies of neutrophil function in response to Wolinella extracts and culture supernatants revealed inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis in a dose-response fashion."	( Potential role of microorganisms isolated from periodontal lesions in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Dowell, VR; Hersh, T; Offenbacher, S; Snyder, W; Van Dyke, TE, 1986)	0.27
" At the usual dosage no pathological pressure increases could be observed which lead to fetal compromise."	( [Uterine activity in induction of labor by vaginal administration of prostaglandin E2 tablets]. Egarter, C; Kofler, E; Philipp, K; Skodler, D, )	0.13
" Intravenously administered PGE2 at a five times higher dosage failed to significantly alter net water and electrolyte fluxes."	( Central nervous system influence of prostaglandin E2 on jejunal water and electrolyte transport in conscious dogs. Bueno, L; Primi, MP, 1986)	0.27
"Histamine concentration-effect curves were obtained using either an individual or cumulative dosing method."	( Histamine contraction of isolated human airway muscle preparations: role of prostaglandins. Bayol, A; Benveniste, J; Boullet, C; Brink, C; Cerrina, J; Haye-Legrand, I; Labat, C; Raffestin, B, 1986)	0.27
" Dose-response relations suggest a stimulatory effect of AA on the muscarinic receptor."	( Ascorbic acid, PGE2 and acetylcholine interaction: the effect on isolated smooth muscle. Korolkiewicz, Z; Poćwiardowska-Ciara, E, )	0.13
" The importance of the findings for the clinical efficacy of this dosage schedule is considered."	( Effects of a phenylbutazone paste in ponies: model of acute nonimmune inflammation. Higgins, AJ; Lees, P, 1986)	0.27
" The results of this study have shown that PGE2 at the dosage and frequency of administration used was capable of extending corpus luteum function."	( Sparing effects of intrauterine treatment with prostaglandin E2 on luteal function in cycling gilts. Akinlosotu, BA; Diehl, JR; Gimenez, T, 1986)	0.27
" Furthermore, dose-response analysis revealed an enhanced in vivo sensitivity of macrophage progenitor cells (M-CFC) to the inhibitory effects of injected PGE2."	( In vivo modulation of myelopoiesis by prostaglandin E2. II. Inhibition of granulocyte-monocyte progenitor cell (CFU-GM) cell-cycle rate. Gentile, PS; Pelus, LM, 1987)	0.27
" As indicated by a dose-response study, 6-keto-PGE1 and PGE2 did not differ in their ability to bring about decidualization."	( 6-Keto-prostaglandin E1 and the decidual cell reaction in rats. Doktorcik, PE; Kennedy, TG, 1986)	0.27
" The EF group also had the highest failure rate, indicating that the total dosage was inadequate."	( Vaginal PGE2 and intraamniotic PGF2 alpha for the termination of second trimester pregnancy. Blattner, P; Farmakides, G; Fayemi, A; Fleischer, A; Mitchell, J; Schulman, H, 1986)	0.27
" Multiple dosing of PGF2 alpha in monkey eyes does not appear to produce clinically significant adverse effects in either the anterior or posterior segment which would contraindicate its use in a multiple-dose clinical trial in glaucoma patients."	( Multiple dosing of prostaglandin F2 alpha or epinephrine on cynomolgus monkey eyes. II. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, aqueous humor analysis, and fluorescein angiography. Bhuyan, DK; Bhuyan, KC; Camras, CB; Master, RW; Podos, SM, 1987)	0.27
" Based on the experience reported in the literature, one might speculate that an increased dosage could still improve the results of vaginally administered PGE2 gel."	( [Comparison between prostaglandin E2 gel and oxytocin in medically indicated labor induction]. Egarter, C; Grünberger, W; Husslein, P; Schurz, B; Wagner, G, 1987)	0.27
" Dose-response studies in the same model, using four different levels of corn oil, suggest that instead of a linear relationship with respect to tumor incidence, there appears to be a threshold lying between 20 and 33% fat as calories, above which tumor promotion is manifested and below which it is not."	( Fat and endocrine-responsive cancer in animals. Cohen, LA, 1987)	0.27
"Cumulative dose-response curves for histamine induced responses in mesometrial (ME) and antimesometrial (AME) regions of uterine horns isolated from rats at 7th, 16th and 22nd days of pregnancy, were constructed."	( Is there a prostaglandin involvement in the positive inotropic action of histamine in isolated pregnant rat uterus, apparently mediated via H1-receptors activation? Dveksler, G; Franchi, AM; Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MF; Viggiano, M, 1987)	0.27
" The dilute agents, known as mild irritants, also caused an increase in the production of gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 at the 15- and 30-minute dosing intervals."	( Effects of sucralfate or mild irritants on experimental gastritis and prostaglandin production. Browne, RK; Coleman, JC; Drees, DT; Lacz, JP, 1987)	0.27
" Dose-response curves for methoxamine documented its positive, but different, inotropic actions in the two groups and at the four periods of the estrous cycle."	( Prostaglandin output from and the spontaneous inotropism of uterine horns isolated from underfed rats at different stages of the sex cycle. Smooth muscle contractile influences of indomethacin and of methoxamine. Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MA; Goldraij, A; Sterin, AB, 1987)	0.27
" In Experiment 2, six heifers were used to investigate the in vitro dose-response relationship of 10, 20, and 40 ng PGF2 alpha/ml of medium on OT release from Day 8 luteal tissue."	( Prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced release of oxytocin from bovine corpora lutea in vitro. Abdelgadir, SE; Oldfield, JE; Stormshak, F; Swanson, LV, 1987)	0.27
" The parallel shift of the dose-response curve to bradykinin suggests a competitive inhibition."	( Effect of bradykinin antagonists on bradykinin-induced plasma extravasation, venoconstriction, prostaglandin E2 release, nociceptor stimulation and contraction of the iris sphincter muscle in the rabbit. Griesbacher, T; Lembeck, F, 1987)	0.27
" On the other hand, the sulfonylurea (10(-4) M) shifted most points of the dose-response curve to the right for the contractile stimulation elicited by oxytocin, an influence not altered by the simultaneous presence of propranolol or sotalol."	( Tolbutamide in vitro diminishes spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contractions of uterine smooth muscle from diestrous rats. Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MA; Goldraij, A; Sterin, AB, 1987)	0.27
"05) reduced compared to the controls at the highest dosage of Se."	( Immune responses in rats supplemented with selenium. Exon, JH; Henningsen, GM; Koller, LD; Osborne, CA; Talcott, PA, 1986)	0.27
" Using differential dosing schedules, the anti-inflammatory effect of retinoids was clearly distinguished from conventional cyclooxygenase inhibitors."	( Anti-inflammatory effects of synthetic retinoids may be related to their immunomodulatory action. Ball, IJ; Bloxham, DP; Hill, RP; Ney, UM; Westmacott, D, 1987)	0.27
" The urinary excretion profile of furosemide was not significantly changed by concurrent dosing of tenoxicam."	( Study on the possible interaction between tenoxicam and furosemide. Hartmann, D; Kleinbloesem, CH; Lücker, PW; Vetter, G, 1987)	0.27
" Dosage of oxytocin required for labor induction was significantly lower after cervical softening."	( Clinical evaluation of endocervical prostaglandin E2-triacetin-gel for preinduction cervical softening in pregnant women at term. Kieback, DG; Kröner-Fehmel, EE; Lippert, TH; Quaas, L; Zahradnik, HP, 1986)	0.27
" A dose-response study revealed that PGE2 at a concentration of 25 micrograms/ml is most effective in improving the motility of washed human sperm."	( The effect of relaxin and prostaglandin E2 on the motility of human spermatozoa. Amelar, RD; Colon, JM; Dubin, L; Ginsburg, F; Goldsmith, LT; Lessing, JB; Schoenfeld, C; Weiss, G, 1986)	0.27
" dosing the effect of the compound on pentagastrin-stimulated AS and on mucoproteins and bicarbonate content in the gastric juice was measured."	( Effects of FCE20700, a new PGE2 derivative, on gastric acid secretion and cytoprotective processes in man. Barbieri, C; Caldara, R; Cantù, A; Carbone, M; Dubini, A; Ferrari, C; Guslandi, M; Masci, E, 1987)	0.27
" The oleate dosage served as control."	( The effect of a single oral dose of ethyl linoleate on urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion in essential fatty acid-deficient rats. Hansen, HS; Jensen, B, 1985)	0.27
" However, when the prostaglandin E2 levels of the semen samples were extrapolated to a standard prostaglandin E2 dose-response curve, the estimated values did not agree with the prostaglandin E2 levels."	( The role of prostaglandin E2 in seminal immunosuppression. Karmali, RA; Lieb, J, 1985)	0.27
"PGEM concentration was determined radioimmunologically in a non-pregnant woman in whom PGE2 was infused intravenously at increasing dosage and in women in whom labour was induced by various methods for local application of PGE2."	( [Resorption of prostaglandin E2 following various methods of local administration for ripening of the cervix and end the induction of labor]. Göschen, K; Husslein, P; Rasche, M; Reichel, R; Sinzinger, H, 1985)	0.27
"25 mg dosing scheme over a 12 hour period and compared it with the single dose method."	( Assessment of a two dose scheme of PGE2 gel for preinduction cervical softening. Decoster, JM; Noah, ML; Parewijck, W; Thiery, M, 1985)	0.27
" The time course and dose-response relationship of the early response was determined and a synergistic interaction between PAF-acether and prostaglandin E2 established."	( Inflammatory characteristics of PAF-acether in the skin of experimental animals and man. Archer, CB; MacDonald, DM; Morley, J; Page, CP; Paul, W, 1985)	0.27
" Dose-response studies performed with either prostaglandin E2 or histamine alone revealed that each agent increased microvascular permeability in a dose-related fashion."	( Potentiation of histamine-induced microvascular permeability by prostaglandin E2 in rat mesentery. Guth, PH; Ohya, Y, 1985)	0.27
" The antipyretic activity after local injection into the cerebroventricle or the yeast pouch was stronger than that after systemic injection into the tail vein, although so large a difference in the activity between the dosage routes was not seen, suggesting that the site of the antipyretic action is in both the brain and periphery."	( Dexamethasone fails to produce antipyretic and analgesic actions in experimental animals. Kadokawa, T; Mizushima, Y; Motoyoshi, S; Nakamura, H; Seto, Y, 1985)	0.27
"The effects of 2 days of oral dosing with sulindac (200 mg twice a day) or indomethacin (75 mg twice a day) on glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2, sodium homeostasis, and other renal function parameters were investigated in eight patients with chronic stable impaired renal function."	( Acute renal effects of sulindac and indomethacin in chronic renal failure. Berg, KJ; Talseth, T, 1985)	0.27
" Dose-response curves to noradrenaline and KCl administered as bolus doses were obtained."	( Effect of three loop diuretics and prostaglandins E2 & I2 on the isolated perfused rat mesenteric vasculature. Foy, JM; Nuhu, SZ, 1985)	0.27
" Furthermore all doses resulted effective in determining the ovarian response and no difference was found at different dosage used."	( Pulsatile Gn-Rh induced ovulatory cycles: echographic and endocrine aspects. Caruso, A; Depau, L; Fulghesu, AM; Lanzone, A; Mancuso, S; Massidda, M; Pilloni, MD; Rassu, G, )	0.13
" When cells were pretreated with ibuprofen, aspirin, or indomethacin to block prostaglandin synthesis and then exposed to 20:4, the dose-response effect was shifted to the left."	( Morphological alterations in cultured endothelial cells induced by arachidonic acid. Bar, RS; Dolash, S; Kaduce, TL; Marshall, SJ; Sandra, A; Spector, AA, 1985)	0.27
" In subsequent time-course and dose-response experiments, a significant effect on [3H]arachidonic acid release could be observed as early as 15 min after LHRH addition, and the lowest effective dose was 10(-8) M LHRH."	( Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone stimulates arachidonic acid release in rat granulosa cells. Leung, PC; Minegishi, T, 1985)	0.27
" The 100-micrograms dosage proved to be the most effective method in nulliparae, achieving a mean free patency (i."	( Preoperative cervical priming by intracervical application of a new sulprostone gel. Dennemark, N; Gödicke, HD; Rath, W, 1985)	0.27
" The optimal dosage proved to be 1000 mcg; the effect may last for 84 hours; higher dosage may be associated with a "steal" phenomenon."	( CL115,347, an analogue of prostaglandin E2. Peripheral circulatory effects of single ascending doses administered transdermally in normal subjects and in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Bowcock, SA; Cooke, ED; Kirby, JD; Rustin, MH; Watkins, CJ, 1985)	0.27
" Inhibition of LTB4-formation and cell migration by BW755C was dose-related, but the two dose-response curves were not parallel."	( The effects of BW755C and other anti-inflammatory drugs on eicosanoid concentrations and leukocyte accumulation in experimentally-induced acute inflammation. Moncada, S; Salmon, JA; Simmons, PM, 1983)	0.27
" This study serves to quantitate the pharmacologic effects of several agents on anti-IgE-mediated histamine release from dispersed human lung mast cells and has further suggested that the dispersed cell system is similar to the standard chopped lung system in dose-response relationships, kinetics, and pharmacologic modulation."	( Dispersed human lung mast cells. Pharmacologic aspects and comparison with human lung tissue fragments. Lichtenstein, LM; MacGlashan, DW; Newball, HH; Peters, SP; Schleimer, RP; Schulman, ES, 1982)	0.26
" Exposure to 13-azaprostanoic acid (13-APA), 5 X 10(-5) M and 2 X 10(-4) M, for 20 min caused parallel and dose-related shifts to the right of the dose-response curves generated by all three prostanoids without affecting the contractile responses to KCl, norepinephrine, or 5-hydroxytryptamine or relaxation induced by PGI2."	( Antagonism of prostanoid-induced vascular contraction by 13-azaprostanoic acid (13-APA). Horn, PT; Kohli, JD; LeBreton, GC; Venton, DL, )	0.13
" Under the same conditions of dosage and time course of administration the activities of relevant mucosal enzymes were studied."	( Effects of morphine on net water absorption, mucosal adenylate cyclase activity and PGE2 metabolism in rat intestine. Smith, G; Tonge, A; Turnberg, L; Warhurst, G, 1982)	0.26
" Furthermore, the dose-response curves for ACTH and forskolin were clearly shifted to the left in adipocytes from toxin-treated hamsters as compared to control adipocytes."	( Effect of pertussis toxin on the hormonal regulation of cyclic AMP levels in hamster fat cells. García-Sáinz, JA; Martínez-Olmedo, MA, 1983)	0.27
" These findings indicate that: (i) increases in cAMP or Ca activity stimulate electrogenic Cl secretion by the columnar cells of the surface epithelium; (ii) cAMP mediates the effects of PGE1 and beta-adrenergic agonists; (iii) a strict correlation between cAMP levels and Cl secretion rate is not apparent from spontaneous variations in these parameters or from dose-response relations of Isc and cAMP to epinephrine concentration; and (iv) acetylcholine, histamine, and phenylephrine, agents that stimulate electrically-neutral NaCl secretion by submucosal glands, do not evoke cAMP-mediated responses by the surface epithelium."	( Chloride secretion by canine tracheal epithelium: I. Role of intracellular c AMP levels. Frizzell, RA; Smith, PL; Stoff, JS; Welsh, MJ, 1982)	0.26
" Correlation seems to exist between dosage and duration of therapy."	( [Cortical hyperostoses after long-term prostaglandin E2 therapy]. Benz-Bohm, G; Emons, D; Knöpfle, G; Mallmann, R; Mennicken, U; Redel, D; Schickendantz, S, 1984)	0.27
" The antigen dose-response relationship for the induction of PFC in cultures of CBMC is represented by a bell-shaped curve comparable to that found for mononuclear cells from adult peripheral blood (adult PBMC)."	( Distinct role of neonatal and adult monocytes in the regulation of the in vitro antigen-induced plaque-forming cell response in man. Ballieux, RE; Thomas, CM; van Tol, MJ; Zegers, BJ; Zijlstra, J, 1984)	0.27
" Cumulative dose-response curves to oxytocin documented a greater sensitivity in uterine horns from restricted-diet rats than in those from controls or refed animals."	( Dietary restriction alters the "in vitro" spontaneous or oxytocin-induced contractions of uterine smooth muscle from estrous rats. Possible participation of prostaglandins. Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MF; Goldraij, A; Sterin, AB, 1983)	0.27
" The time-course of [14C]LA and [3H]AA incorporation into human leucocyte total lipids was maximal at 80-90% of the initial dose within 20-30 min of dosing the cells."	( Linoleic acid and arachidonic acid metabolism in human peripheral blood leucocytes: comparison with the rat. Crawford, MA; Cunnane, SC; Keeling, PW; Thompson, RP, 1984)	0.27
" Under phase-contrast microscopy, PAF caused contraction of mesangial cells with a dose-response and time-course parallel to that for PGE2 synthesis."	( Effect of platelet-activating factor and serum-treated zymosan on prostaglandin E2 synthesis, arachidonic acid release, and contraction of cultured rat mesangial cells. Baud, L; Hagege, J; Perez, J; Satriano, JA; Schlondorff, D, 1984)	0.27
") failed to elicit mucosal damage either ultrastructurally or even visually up to 23 h after dosing and did not affect the content of PG's even though the drug was present in the mucosa in sufficient concentration to elicit reduction in prostaglandin synthesis in vitro."	( Comparative effects of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the ultrastructural integrity and prostaglandin levels in the rat gastric mucosa: relationship to drug uptake. Fox, SA; Osborne, DJ; Rainsford, KD, 1984)	0.27
" The dosage was lowest on extra-amnial administration (50 micrograms on the average), and highest on intramuscular application with a mean of 1760 micrograms."	( [16-Phenoxy-prostaglandin-E2 for inducing abortion in intact and complicated pregnancy]. Lichtenegger, W, 1984)	0.27
"025), diminishing the oxytocin dosage necessary for induction (P less than ."	( Cervical ripening with intravaginal prostaglandin E2 gel. Bolton, RN; Mark, C; Neilson, DR; Prins, RP; Watson, P, 1983)	0.27
" Recovery of immunoreactive PGE2 relative to gas chromatographic mass spectrometric dosage was 85."	( Comparison of radioimmunological determinations with gas chromatography mass spectrometry dosage. A study of PGE2 and PGF2alpha in gastrointestinal fluids. Bukhave, K; Gréen, K; Rask-Madsen, J, 1983)	0.27
" Gentamicin was given at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day subcutaneously for either 4 or 5 days to Sprague-Dawley rats and resulted in a reversible, polyuric form of acute renal failure."	( The renal concentrating defect after gentamicin administration in the rat. Anderson, RJ; Dillingham, MA; Gordon, JA; Grossfeld, PD; Guggenheim, SJ, 1983)	0.27
" Many investigations have shown that these prostaglandins are effective, and within certain dosage schedules, safe oxytocics, even though the systemic administration is accompanied by side effects, mainly from the gastro-intestinal tract."	( Labor induction with prostaglandins. Lange, AP; Pedersen, GT; Secher, NJ; Westergaard, JG, 1983)	0.27
" PGE2, 100 micrograms twice daily, resulted in a decrease in immune complex deposition as assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy, but this dosage did not significantly alter glomerular damage, proteinuria, or antibody levels."	( Treatment of murine immune complex glomerulonephritis with prostaglandin E2: dose--response of immune complex deposition, antibody synthesis, and glomerular damage. Gohara, AF; McLeish, KR; Stelzer, GT; Wallace, JH, 1983)	0.27
" More detailed dose-response studies revealed that the I50 for inhibition of PG production by dexamethasone was less than 10 nM, thus indicating that the steroid effect probably involved high affinity glucocorticoid receptors."	( Prostaglandin production by human trabecular cells: in vitro inhibition by dexamethasone. Mitchell, MD; Polansky, JR; Weinreb, RN, 1983)	0.27
" The time-course and dose-response relationship of the early response has been determined and a synergistic interaction between PAF-acether and prostaglandin E2 established."	( Inflammatory characteristics of platelet activating factor (PAF-acether) in human skin. Archer, CB; MacDonald, DM; Morley, J; Page, CP; Paul, W, 1984)	0.27
" Recommendations concerning dosage schedules are made."	( Uterine hyperstimulation and rupture after induction of labour with prostaglandin E2. Case reports. Brits, CI; Larsen, JV; Whittal, D, 1984)	0.27
" Dose-response curves to noradrenaline administered as bolus doses or frequency-response curves from transmural arterial electrical stimulation were obtained."	( Effect of bumetanide, frusemide and prostaglandin E2 on the isolated perfused kidney of rat and rabbit. Foy, JM; Nuhu, SZ, 1984)	0.27
" In dose-response studies in normal subjects, prostaglandin D2 caused a significant (20 +/- 6 per cent) fall in specific airway conductance after the two highest concentrations (250 and 500 micrograms per milliliter), whereas prostaglandin F2 alpha had no effect."	( The bronchoconstrictor effect of inhaled prostaglandin D2 in normal and asthmatic men. Hardy, CC; Holgate, ST; Robinson, C; Tattersfield, AE, 1984)	0.27
" Moreover, in vitro cumulative dose-response curves for the contractile effect of these three PGs, on identical oviductal segments, were constructed."	( Role of endogenous and exogenous prostaglandins on the contractile functioning of isolated sow (Sus scrofa) oviducts. Chaud, M; Franchi, AM; Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MF; Gonzalez, ET; Viggiano, M, 1984)	0.27
" The dosage of PGE2 utilized was free of excretory or hemodynamic effects."	( Interference by prostaglandin E2 with the phosphaturic effects of nonhormonal agents. Dominguez, JH; Pitts, TO; Puschett, JB, 1984)	0.27
") given 30 min prior to SU-88 dosing blocked this protective effect, whereas it was not affected when indomethacin was given 30 min after the SU-88 dosing."	( Cytoprotective effect of SU-88, an anti-ulcer agent, in the rat. Kyogoku, K; Mori, Y; Nakazima, M; Shinozaki, A; Suwa, T, 1984)	0.27
" showed moderate effects, but the dosage also inhibited cysteamine-stimulated acid secretion."	( Effects of a gastric antisecretory-cytoprotectant 2-methyl-8-(phenylmethoxy)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetonitrile (Sch 28 080) on cysteamine, reserpine and stress ulcers in rats. Barnett, A; Brown, AD; Chiu, PJ; Gerhart, C, 1984)	0.27
" These results suggest that the method and dosage of PGE2 used in this study do not affect hormonal regulations in the maternal-fetoplacental unit and that we may use hormonal levels as an indicator of fetal well-being even during PGE2 administration."	( [The influences of prostaglandin E2 on hormones in maternal-fetoplacental unit]. Azegami, M; Lee, CH; Miyakawa, I; Mori, N; Taniyama, K, 1984)	0.27
" Thus, the effect of prostaglandins on GE and SIT depends upon the dosage and route of administration as well as type of prostaglandin used."	( The effects of PGF2 alpha, PGE2 and 16, 16 dimethyl PGE2 on gastric emptying and small intestinal transit in rat. Rush, BD; Ruwart, MJ, 1984)	0.27
" Cumulative dose-response curves for H, in strips isolated from proestrous rats, showed that the agonist inhibited, at all the concentrations tested, spontaneous myometrial contractions, evoking a maximum effect (100% inhibition) at 10(-5)M."	( Prostaglandins and ovarian factors as modulators of the negative inotropic action of histamine in the isolated rat uterus. Dveksler, G; Franchi, AM; Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MF; Viggiano, M, 1984)	0.27
" Intracervical administration of Sulprostone (25-100 micrograms) 14-16 h before surgery required the lowest dosage and had no side effects."	( Sulprostone for preoperative cervical dilatation in primigravidae scheduled for late first trimester termination of pregnancy. Fylling, P; Jerve, F, 1983)	0.27
" Intracervical administration of Sulprostone (25-100 mcg) 14-16 hours prior to surgery required the lowest dosage and had no side effects."	( Sulprostone for preoperative cervical dilatation in primigravidae scheduled for late first trimester termination of pregnancy. Fylling, P; Jerve, F, 1983)	0.27
" Moreover the gastric lesions in FCE 20700 + I treated rats were markedly reduced, allowing the dosage of I to be increased by about three times without increasing its ulcerogenic effect."	( FCE 20700, a cytoprotective PGE2 derivative, does not interfere with the antiinflammatory activity of indomethacin. Arrigoni, C; Buttinoni, A; Ceserani, R; Ferrari, M; Mizzotti, B; Tremolada, L, 1983)	0.27
" It was predominantly sensitivity to these agents that was increased, with a parallel shift of the dose-response curves towards increased bronchoconstriction."	( Time-dependent effect of prostaglandin E2 inhalation on airway responses to bronchoconstrictor agents in normal subjects. Bevan, C; Davies, BH; Parrish, RW; Smith, AP; Walters, EH, 1982)	0.26
" Almost identical dose-response curves to OpZ were obtained with peritoneal and alveolar macrophages, while the dose-response curve of peritoneal macrophages to A23187 was much shallower."	( Macrophages from different sources, their production of chemiluminescence under various stimuli and the effects of PGE2 and drugs. Bittner, C; Parnham, MJ; Winkelmann, J, 1981)	0.26
" Dose-response contractile activity to PGs with and without gassing was explored."	( Does hypoxia selectively stimulate the generation of prostaglandin E1 by the isolated rat uterus? Borda, ES; Chaud, M; Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MF; Lazzari, M, 1981)	0.26
" The effect was achieved by a significant increase in threshold to AII, rather than an alteration in the slope of the dose-response curve."	( Prostaglandin E2 attenuates the pressor response to angiotensin II in pregnant subjects but not in nonpregnant subjects. Broughton Pipkin, F; Hunter, JC; O'Brien, PM; Turner, SR, 1982)	0.26
" Inhalation dose-response curves to PGE2 in doses from 10 to 400 micrograms were constructed on three separate occasions."	( The effects of oral propranolol and indomethacin on the response to inhaled PGE2 in normal human subjects. Bevan, M; Davies, BH; Walters, EH, 1982)	0.26
"Experiments were performed in pigs to examine the relationship between the effects of various nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs on gastric (fundic) mucosal content of prostaglandin (PG)E2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and the development of damage to the fundic mucosa under acute and chronic dosage conditions."	( Relationship of gastric mucosal damage induced in pigs by antiinflammatory drugs to their effects on prostaglandin production. Rainsford, KD; Willis, C, 1982)	0.26
" Adherence could be stimulated in vitro in a dose-response fashion by the addition of chemotactic factors, either fMetLeuPhe or C5 fragments."	( The microvasculature in inflammation. Goins, A; Henson, PM; Smedly, L; Tonnesen, MG, 1982)	0.26
" All these inductions were attempted under electronic monitoring and according to a fixed dosage schedule."	( [Elective induction of labor using oral PGE2]. Godefroid, L; Merveille, JJ; Pestiau, J, 1982)	0.26
" In the second and third trimester Sulprostone was administered by the intravenous (mean dosage 925 mcg), the intragluteal (mean dosage 540 mcg) or the extra-amniotic (mean dosage 660 mcg) route."	( [Clinical experience with sulprostone (author's transl)]. Bichler, A; Brabec, W; Dapunt, O, 1981)	0.26
" In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, Sulprostone was administered either by intravenous (mean dosage, 925 mcg), intragluteal (mean dosage, 540 mcg), or the extraamniotic (mean dosage 660 mcg) routes."	( [Clinical experience with sulprostone (author's transl)]. Bichler, A; Brabec, W; Dapunt, O, 1981)	0.26
" The drug was administered in a 500 mcg dosage every 4 hours up to a maximum of 6 injections."	( First and midtrimester abortion with intramuscular injections of sulprostone. Ballard, CA, 1981)	0.26
" It appears that the dosage schedules of PGE2 and SHB 286 were equally effective in inducing labor."	( Intravenous prostaglandin E2 and 16-phenoxy prostaglandin E2 methyl sulfonylamide for induction of fetal death in utero. Baumgarten, K; Gruber, WS, 1980)	0.26
" Uterine activity and fetal heart rate tracings that were begun 1 hour before and continued for 6 hours after dosing were interpreted without knowledge of amniotic fluid volume."	( Effects of intracervical prostaglandin E2 on fetal heart rate and uterine activity patterns in the presence of oligohydramnios. Christensen, HD; Larson, JD; Rayburn, WF; Schwartz, WJ; Stanley, JR; Turnbull, GL, 1995)	0.29
" Patients with oligohydramnios had more high-amplitude contractions in the first hour after dosing (9."	( Effects of intracervical prostaglandin E2 on fetal heart rate and uterine activity patterns in the presence of oligohydramnios. Christensen, HD; Larson, JD; Rayburn, WF; Schwartz, WJ; Stanley, JR; Turnbull, GL, 1995)	0.29
" The dose-response curves of induction of HGF secretion by cholera toxin and forskolin were nearly parallel with those of the intracellular cAMP levels."	( Expression of hepatocyte growth factor is up-regulated through activation of a cAMP-mediated pathway. Gohda, E; Iwao, M; Kataoka, H; Matsunaga, T; Takebe, T; Wu, YL; Yamamoto, I, 1994)	0.29
" A good parallelism exits between the dose-response curves for PGE2 inhibition of ICa in isolated chemoreceptor cells and high extracellular [K+]- or hypoxia-evoked release of [3H]CA from the whole CB."	( Inhibition of [3H]catecholamine release and Ca2+ currents by prostaglandin E2 in rabbit carotid body chemoreceptor cells. Almaraz, L; Gómez-Niño, A; González, C; López-López, JR, 1994)	0.29
" Dose-response curves to PGE2, PGD2, and iloprost, a PGI2 analogue, were performed before and during KATP channel blockade with glibenclamide."	( Evidence that prostaglandins I2, E2, and D2 may activate ATP sensitive potassium channels in the isolated rat heart. Bouchard, JF; Dumont, E; Lamontagne, D, 1994)	0.29
" The highest frequency of micronuclei and dose-response relationship between PGE2 doses and micronucleus frequency were observed 30 h after injection of MMC to mice administered PGE2 24 h previously."	( Effects of prostaglandin E2 on the micronucleus formation in mouse bone marrow cells by various mutagens. Fukumoto, M; Ishikawa, T; Kadokura, M; Okonogi, H; Sakaba, H; Shimizu, H; Suzuki, Y, 1994)	0.29
" Half of these animals in the dosage subgroup received a single injection at appliance placement and the other half received weekly injections."	( The effects of exogenous prostaglandins on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Currier, GF; Howes, RI; Leiker, BJ; Nanda, RS; Sinha, PK, 1995)	0.29
" Increasing doses (5 pg kg(-1)-500 ng kg-1) of ONO-NT-012 produced parallel shifts to the right of the dose-response curves to PGE2."	( Blockade by ONO-NT-012, a unique prostanoid analogue, of prostaglandin E2-induced allodynia in conscious mice. Hayaishi, O; Hyodo, M; Ito, S; Minami, T; Nishihara, I; Sakamoto, K, 1995)	0.29
" Dose-response studies indicated that bolus regional administration of S-(+)-ibuprofen increased potency 30-fold compared with systemic administration and could be further improved 10-fold by regional infusion, whereas regional administration of piroxicam showed no therapeutic advantage."	( Pharmacodynamic comparison of regional drug delivery for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, using the rat air-pouch model of inflammation. Brennan, BS; Houston, JB; Martin, SW; Rowland, M; Stevens, AJ, 1995)	0.29
"Misoprostol is more effective than intracervical PGE2 in bringing about labor and delivery, but further work is needed to determine the ideal dosing regimen."	( Randomized controlled trial of vaginal misoprostol and intracervical prostaglandin E2 gel for induction of labor at term. Gumina, R; Stubblefield, PG; Varaklis, K, 1995)	0.29
" The bronchoconstriction was positively related to the dosage of endothelin intravenously."	( [The influence of endothelin to the airway tract of guinea pig and its relationship to the asthma]. Liu, ZL; Wang, CH; Zhang, SM, 1994)	0.29
" With this dosage the victim suffered from nausea, vomiting, and hypotension, and died of hypotensive shock."	( Poisoning by the red alga 'ogonori' (Gracilaria verrucosa) on the Nojima Coast, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Asakawa, M; Fuse, M; Hosaka, Y; Iijima, N; Kirigaya, C; Matsui, T; Miyazawa, K; Noguchi, T; Shida, Y; Watabe, K, 1994)	0.29
" This study illustrates that PGE2 dose-response curves may reflect different mechanisms of action that may be intimately associated with skin irritant and tumour promoting activity."	( Comparison of tumour promoter-induced prostaglandin E2 release in human and rat keratinocytes. Benford, DJ; Lawrence, JN, 1995)	0.29
" Further studies to compare the safety of misoprostol to that of dinoprostone and to delineate an optimal dosing regimen for misoprostol are needed."	( A comparison of misoprostol and prostaglandin E2 gel for preinduction cervical ripening and labor induction. Goodwin, TM; Jones, MM; Paul, RH; Rahall, A; Wing, DA, 1995)	0.53
"To compare two dosage regimens for the administration of vaginal prostaglandin gel in triacetin base for induction of labor."	( Induction of labor using prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) vaginal gel in triacetin base. An efficacy study comparing two dosage regimens. Olatunbosun, OA; Pierson, RA; Seeras, RC; Turnell, RW, 1995)	0.29
" Adverse uterine events increased significantly on repeat dosing with the gel (39."	( Efficacy and safety of a 2-tier prostaglandin labor induction schedule. Lüftner, D; Rath, W; Schneider, KT, 1994)	0.29
" The interval between repeat dosing should not be less than 8 h after PGE2 gel treatment."	( Efficacy and safety of a 2-tier prostaglandin labor induction schedule. Lüftner, D; Rath, W; Schneider, KT, 1994)	0.29
" Clonogenic cell survival after irradiation showed a typical exponential radiation dose-response curve with a fairly broad initial shoulder."	( Radiation reduces cyclooxygenase activity in cultured human endothelial cells at low doses. Dewit, L; Koomen, GC; van Mourik, JA; Verheij, M, 1994)	0.29
" A dose-response relationship was demonstrated at 2 h in the jejunum and the colon."	( Antisecretory activities of orally administered loperamide and loperamide oxide on intestinal secretion in rats. Badhri, P; Beubler, E; Schirgi-Degen, A, 1993)	0.29
" Oral dosing of fepradinol and cyproheptadine suppressed zymosan-induced paw edema in rats."	( Mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of fepradinol. Conde, JR; Martorell, J; Massó, JM; Villar, AM, 1994)	0.29
" We reported three cases of spontaneous uterine rupture following induction of labor with intracervical PGE2 gel administration in a dosage of 3-6 mg and two in whom labor was augmented with oxytocin infusion."	( Uterine rupture and labor induction with prostaglandins. Herabutya, Y; Phuapradit, W; Saropala, N, 1993)	0.29
" The time course and dose-response to PGE2 of IL-6 production were determined."	( Prostaglandin E2 stimulates the production of interleukin-6 by neonatal mouse parietal bones. Braidman, IP; Davie, MW; Holt, I; Marshall, MJ, 1994)	0.29
" The addition of increasing concentrations of phloretin caused progressive shifts of the dose-response curves of PGF2 alpha to the right."	( Phloretin as an antagonist of prostaglandin F2 alpha receptor in cultured rat astrocytes. Baba, A; Ishibashi, T; Kitanaka, J, 1993)	0.29
" Such cell-particle interactions have been simulated in vitro by challenging macrophages with particles dosed according to weight percent, volume percent, and number of particles."	( Macrophage/particle interactions: effect of size, composition and surface area. Black, J; Galante, JO; Glant, TT; Jacobs, JJ; Shanbhag, AS, 1994)	0.29
" Patients in both groups received oxytocin to a maximum dosage of 120 mU per minute if they had not aborted 18 hours after the original administration of either prostaglandin regimen."	( Mid-trimester termination of pregnancy--a randomised controlled trial of two prostaglandin regimens. Pienaar, MP; Steyn, DW, 1993)	0.29
" Stimulation of DNA synthesis and inhibition of cAMP accumulation by LPA were inhibited by pertussis toxin, but with different dose-response characteristics."	( A novel synergistic stimulation of Swiss 3T3 cells by extracellular ATP and mitogens with opposite effects on cAMP levels. Heller, EJ; Heppel, LA; Huang, NN; Wang, DJ, 1994)	0.29
" Differences were tested by analysis of covariance of the dose-response curves."	( Influence of dietary fat on duodenal resistance to acid. Guarner, F; Lugea, A; Malagelada, JR; Salas, A, 1993)	0.29
" In contrast, exposure of the EP3 beta isoform to PGE2 did not affect its dose-response curve for PGE2, and no sequestration or decrease in the receptor number was observed in this isoform."	( Two isoforms of prostaglandin E receptor EP3 subtype. Different COOH-terminal domains determine sensitivity to agonist-induced desensitization. Ichikawa, A; Irie, A; Narumiya, S; Negishi, M; Sugimoto, Y, 1993)	0.29
" The dose-response relationship of indomethacin for inhibition of prostaglandin formation and rebamipide-induced protection correlated well and 5 mg/kg indomethacin completely prevented the protective effect of rebamipide."	( Stimulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis mediates gastroprotective effect of rebamipide in rats. Kleine, A; Kluge, S; Peskar, BM, 1993)	0.29
" Exogenous PGE2 administration produced the following transient changes in a dose-response manner between zero and 60 days: (1) increased trabecular bone mass and improved architecture (increased trabecular bone area, width and number, and decreased trabecular separation); (2) increased trabecular interconnections; (3) increased bone formation parameters; and (4) decreased eroded perimeter."	( Anabolic responses of an adult cancellous bone site to prostaglandin E2 in the rat. Ito, H; Jee, WS; Ke, HZ; Sakou, T, 1993)	0.29
" Compared with extemporaneous preparations for vaginal administration, this product offers stability, uniform dosage and minimal side effects."	( Therapeutic considerations for preinduction cervical ripening with intracervical prostaglandin E2 gel. Bernstein, EP, 1993)	0.29
" ATtempts have been made to shorten the induction-abortion interval and to lower dosage of the prostaglandins in order to reduce the incidence of side effects."	( Termination of second trimester pregnancy with sulprostone and mifepristone: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Ho, PC; Ma, HK, 1993)	0.29
" The dose-response curve for melatonin shows an approximate 1000-fold shift in potency in the RCS rat."	( Agonist-induced effects on cyclic AMP metabolism are affected in pigment epithelial cells of the Royal College of Surgeons rat. Nash, MS; Osborne, NN, 1995)	0.29
" The duration of the reaction was elongated dependent on the injected BK dosage (0."	( [Effects of prostaglandin E2 and sodium hyaluronate on bradykinin induced knee joint pain in rat]. Atsuta, Y; Miyatsu, M; Shimazaki, S; Yamashita, I, 1995)	0.29
" To address these issues, intestine-derived lymphocytes and T hybridoma cells were assessed, T cell activation was monitored by release of independently quantitated lymphokines, and dose-response studies were performed over an 8-log prostaglandin E2 concentration range."	( Regulation by prostaglandin E2 of interleukin release by T lymphocytes in mucosa. Barrera, S; Fiocchi, C; Lai, J; Roche, JK, 1996)	0.29
"A series of interleukin-1 blockers, CK-compounds, were shown to inhibit the dose-response curve of IL-1 induced uveitis in a non-competitive manner."	( Mechanisms of antagonism of interleukin-1 alpha by synthetic interleukin-1 blockers. Chiou, GC; Schwade, N; Xiao, JG, 1995)	0.29
" Cumulative dose-response curves were obtained by a stepwise increase in the concentration of norepinephrine."	( Influence of the estrous cycle on the norepinephrine-induced contraction of rat aorta: relationship to vascular prostanoids biosynthesis. Bruzzone, ME; Martinez, JL; Zamorano, B, 1994)	0.29
" In conclusion, AGE reduced LTC4 and PGE2 levels at a dosage of 1 ml/kg following 8 and 60 min reperfusion."	( The effect of aqueous garlic extract on the levels of arachidonic acid metabolites (leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin E2) in rat forebrain after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Aktan, S; Aykut, C; Batirel, HF; Coşkun, T; Yeğen, BC, 1996)	0.29
" Heparinized whole blood samples were drawn from healthy volunteers, 48 h following oral dosing with aspirin 300 mg to suppress platelet cyclo-oxygenase activity."	( Induction of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 in human monocytes associated with cyclo-oxygenase-dependent F2-isoprostane formation. Ciabattoni, G; di Giamberardino, M; Greco, A; Maclouf, J; Panara, MR; Patrignani, P; Patrono, C; Rotondo, MT; Santini, G; Sciulli, MG, 1996)	0.29
"05) after dosing with indomethacin."	( The effect of indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury on 24-h intragastric acidity and plasma gastrin concentration in healthy volunteers. Chiba, N; Hunt, RH; Johnson, DM; McDonald, TM; Rademaker, JW; Rainsford, KD; Stetsko, PI, 1995)	0.29
"Pharmacists need to be aware of the potentially serious skeletal changes, encourage dosage titration as soon as possible, and limit the duration of time neonates are exposed to prostaglandin therapy."	( Bone and tissue changes following prostaglandin therapy in neonates. El-Chaar, GM; Kaufman, MB, 1996)	0.29
"To test the hypothesis that unbound concentrations of naproxen in synovial fluid (SF) and plasma (P) are equal over a drug dosage interval at steady state or after a single dose of drug."	( Naproxen concentrations in plasma and synovial fluid and effects on prostanoid concentrations. Day, RO; Francis, H; Geisslinger, G; Vial, J; Williams, KM, 1995)	0.29
"Rats were dosed with famotidine, omeprazole, or buffer control for 4 weeks."	( The effects of omeprazole and famotidine on mucin and PGE2 release in the rat stomach. Boland, CR; Delbarre, SG; Kraus, E; Yoshimura, K, 1996)	0.29
" Total glycoprotein synthesis was inhibited at all times by omeprazole, but only after the cessation of dosing with famotidine."	( The effects of omeprazole and famotidine on mucin and PGE2 release in the rat stomach. Boland, CR; Delbarre, SG; Kraus, E; Yoshimura, K, 1996)	0.29
" In support of this postulate, we compared the responses obtained with platelets with those of cloned EP4 (stimulatory) and EP3 (inhibitory) prostaglandin receptor subtypes and show similar dose-response curves for stimulation and inhibition of cyclic AMP formation between platelets and cloned receptors."	( Prostaglandin E2 both stimulates and inhibits adenyl cyclase on platelets: comparison of effects on cloned EP4 and EP3 prostaglandin receptor subtypes. Ashby, B; Bastepe, M; Jin, JG; Mao, GF; Ortiz-Vega, S, 1996)	0.29
" Thus, where it is therapeutically indicated to achieve greater suppression of acid secretion, doubling the total daily dose by dosing with twice daily versus once daily night time nizatidine or ranitidine is efficacious."	( Twice daily nizatidine or ranitidine is superior to once daily dosing in elevating 24 h intragastric pH in patients with duodenal ulcer disease. Bailey, RJ; Jamali, F; Kirdeikis, P; Mahachai, V; Marriage, B; Simpson, I; Thomson, AB; Zuk, L, 1996)	0.29
" LPS dose-response curves demonstrated that monocytes from Group B diabetics produced approximately 3 times more PGE2 than Group A monocytes; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL-1 beta secretion within the IDDM patients."	( Inflammatory mediator response as a potential risk marker for periodontal diseases in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Arnold, RR; Collins, JG; Jones, BH; Offenbacher, S; Salvi, GE; Smith, FW; Yalda, B, 1997)	0.3
" Rauwolscine (10 microM) enhanced epinephrine effects, shifting the dose-response curve for epinephrine to the left (EC50 = 120 nM); however, beta-antagonists inhibited epinephrine-induced cAMP accumulation."	( Effect of epinephrine on cAMP accumulation in cultured rat inner medullary collecting duct cells. Jeffries, WB; Umemura, S; Yasuda, G, 1997)	0.3
" Experimental dose-response curve characterized by additivity of some enzyme intermediates (absorption spectra, fluorescence, EPR, etc."	( [Integral kinetics of multisubstrate enzyme reactions. Criteria of kinetic behavior and characteristic coordinates for solution of direct and reverse problems]. Vrzheshch, PV, 1996)	0.29
" Sulfone-treated rats also showed a dose-response relationship for inhibiting all tumor parameters."	( Sulindac sulfone inhibits azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats without reducing prostaglandin levels. Ahnen, DJ; Alberts, DS; Bogert, C; Brendel, K; Burt, RW; Ellsworth, L; Finn, T; Gross, PH; Guillen, JM; Hixson, LJ; Li, H; Pamukcu, R; Paranka, NS; Piazza, GA; Ritchie, J; Sperl, G, 1997)	0.3
"05) and needed a greater total dosage (77."	( Midtrimester pregnancy termination for fetal malformations. Use of intravaginal prostaglandin E2. Carey, JC; Hagar, DL; Rayburn, WF; Valley, MT, 1997)	0.3
"Patients who undergo second-trimester induction of labor for major fetal malformations using intravaginal PGE2 should be counseled that the dosage of the drug is greater and that labor may last longer than in pregnancies complicated by a previous fetal death."	( Midtrimester pregnancy termination for fetal malformations. Use of intravaginal prostaglandin E2. Carey, JC; Hagar, DL; Rayburn, WF; Valley, MT, 1997)	0.3
" The total dosage was also greater for the malformation group (77."	( Midtrimester pregnancy termination for fetal malformations. Use of intravaginal prostaglandin E2. Carey, JC; Hagar, DL; Rayburn, WF; Valley, MT, 1997)	0.3
" Increasing concentrations of PACAP-38 evoked a dose-response enhancement of both cAMP and PGE2 production."	( Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide regulates rat Leydig cell function in vitro. Conte, D; Fillo, S; Isidori, A; Romanelli, F, 1997)	0.3
"The influence of dosing time on the pharmacological effects (fever and antiviral activity) and the pharmacokinetics of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) was investigated in ICR male mice under light-dark (12:12) cycle."	( Chronopharmacological study of interferon-alpha in mice. Higuchi, S; Koyanagi, S; Ohdo, S; Yukawa, E, 1997)	0.3
" Marked sedation occurred in three of the first 10 subjects treated with topical doxepin, necessitating a reduction in dosage for the remaining six subjects."	( The effects of topical doxepin on responses to histamine, substance P and prostaglandin E2 in human skin. Archer, CB; Kennedy, CT; Sabroe, RA, 1997)	0.3
" The side effects associated with misoprostol may be dose related, and further studies to identify the optimum dosage and interval are needed."	( A randomized clinical trial comparing misoprostol with prostaglandin E2 gel for preinduction cervical ripening. Borgida, AF; Gottschall, DS; Mihalek, JJ; Rodis, JF; Sauer, F, 1997)	0.3
" Renal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) excretion was reduced by NAP in all groups, but most markedly at the conventional dosage (LPS vs."	( Targeting naproxen coupled to human serum albumin to nonparenchymal cells reduces endotoxin-induced mortality in rats with biliary cirrhosis. Albrecht, C; Lebbe, C; Meijer, DK; Melgert, BN; Poelstra, K; Reichen, J; Sägesser, H, 1997)	0.3
" Footpad PG levels returned to base line or below within 5 min of dosing with ketorolac, which suggests rapid turnover of PG in the inflamed tissue."	( Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 rapidly reverses inflammatory hyperalgesia and prostaglandin E2 production. Isakson, PC; Portanova, J; Seibert, K; Shaffer, A; Zhang, Y, 1997)	0.3
" On D28, the patients were randomized into 2 groups: 18 received the drug (fish oil: 30% n-3 PUFA) and 19 received the placebo (olive oil containing only 1% of n-3 PUFA) at a daily dosage of 6 g (i."	( Pilot study on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of human experimental gingivitis. Campan, P; Duran, D; Planchand, PO, 1997)	0.3
" In addition, treatment with TJ-14 accelerated the healing of the intestinal tract injured by repeated dosing of CPT-11 and inhibited significantly the increase of colonic prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which is closely related to the onset of diarrhea."	( Preventive effects of Hange-shashin-to on irinotecan hydrochloride-caused diarrhea and its relevance to the colonic prostaglandin E2 and water absorption in the rat. Aburada, M; Hayakawa, T; Kamataki, T; Kase, Y; Komatsu, Y, 1997)	0.3
" Dose-response studies indicated that the synergistic stimulation of 45Ca release from neonatal mouse calvariae by glucocorticoids and PTH could be elicited at glucocorticoid concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-6) mol/l and at PTH concentrations of 10(-11) to 10(-9) mol/l."	( Differential effects of glucocorticoids on bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvariae stimulated by peptide and steroid-like hormones. Conaway, HH; Grigorie, D; Lerner, UH, 1997)	0.3
" The actions of tolfenamic acid in inhibiting PGE2 synthesis and in attenuating two of the cardinal signs of inflammation (heat and swelling) suggest that a dosage of 2 mgkg-1 administered intramuscularly should be effective clinically as an anti-inflammatory agent."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid in ruminating calves: evaluation in models of acute inflammation. Foot, R; Gettinby, G; Lees, P; McKellar, QA, 1998)	0.3
" Similarly, a dose-response curve was obtained for Mel, 4'-Mel and piroxicam when measuring in vivo prostaglandin production, anti-inflammatory activity and gastric tolerance to determine the dose resulting in a 50% reduction of the each parameter."	( Differential inhibition of cyclooxygenases-1 and -2 by meloxicam and its 4'-isomer. Engelhardt, G; Mauz, A; Pairet, M; Schierok, H; Trummlitz, G; van Ryn, J, 1998)	0.3
" Overexpression of HMG I(Y) was associated in a dose-response relationship with increasing prevalence of the COX-2 protein in hypoxic HUVECs."	( Hypoxia induces high-mobility-group protein I(Y) and transcription of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene in human vascular endothelium. Ji, YS; Schmedtje, JF; Xu, Q, 1998)	0.3
" These data suggest a dose-response relationship for increasing GCF-PGE(2) as a marker of current periodontal disease activity and decreasing birth weight."	( Potential pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis associated pregnancy complications. Beck, JD; Jared, HL; Lawrence, HP; O'Reilly, PG; Offenbacher, S; Salvi, GE; Socransky, SS; Wells, SR, 1998)	0.3
" The dosage of desmopressin (group A, n = 31 ) was 20 microg/day and the dosage of indomethacin (group B, n = 29) was 100 mg/day."	( Desmopressin versus indomethacin treatment in primary nocturnal enuresis and the role of prostaglandins. Hasanoğlu, E; Sener, F; Söylemezoğlu, O, 1998)	0.3
" It appears that 325 mg of aspirin is sufficient to affect PGE2 production and that increasing the dosage to 650 mg daily provides an additional decrease in PGE2 synthesis."	( Effect of aspirin on prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4 production in human colonic mucosa from cancer patients. Dyavanapalli, M; Frommel, TO; Kazi, N; Liao, Y; Lietz, H; Mobarhan, S; Oldham, T, 1997)	0.3
" pD2 values and maximum percentage increases in contractile tension were derived from dose-response curves to 10(-9) to 10(-5) mol/L PGE2 and PGE2 alpha, and 10(-11) to 10(-7) mol/L oxytocin."	( In vivo administration of nimesulide, a selective PGHS-2 inhibitor, increases in vitro myometrial sensitivity to prostaglandins while lowering sensitivity to oxytocin. Baguma-Nibasheka, M; Nathanielsz, PW, )	0.13
" To study this, hypotension was induced in adult male rats by intravenous infusion of a high dosage of ATP-MgCl2 solution (3."	( Hepatocellular dysfunction after severe hypotension in the absence of blood loss is associated with the increased IL-6 and PGE2. Ba, ZF; Bland, KI; Chaudry, IH; Cioffi, WG; Wang, P, 1998)	0.3
" Measurement of intracellular cAMP levels revealed that in the case of PTH and AVP, the dose-response curve for the increase in cAMP virtually matched that for transcellular Ca2+ transport."	( Hormone-stimulated Ca2+ reabsorption in rabbit kidney cortical collecting system is cAMP-independent and involves a phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isotype. Bindels, RJ; De Pont, JJ; Hoenderop, JG; Willems, PH, 1999)	0.3
" These findings suggest that, following ocular trauma, temporal changes occur in ICB PG synthetic activity that may impact on the selection of an optimal dosing paradigm for efficacy testing of topically administered NSAIDs."	( Transient loss of prostaglandin synthetic capacity in rabbit iris-ciliary body following anterior chamber paracentesis. Brady, MT; Gamache, DA; Graff, G; Spellman, JM; Yanni, JM, 1998)	0.3
" In the dental pain study, total pain relief (TOTPAR) over the 6 hours after dosing was similar between 50 mg and 500 mg rofecoxib and 400 mg ibuprofen (P > ."	( Characterization of rofecoxib as a cyclooxygenase-2 isoform inhibitor and demonstration of analgesia in the dental pain model. Dallob, A; De Lepeleire, I; De Schepper, P; Ehrich, EW; Gertz, BJ; Mehlisch, DR; Porras, A; Riendeau, D; Seibold, JR; Van Hecken, A; Wittreich, J; Yuan, W, 1999)	0.3
"The dose-response relationship in male F344 rats was determined for the ability of aspirin administered in the diet to prevent azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and to reduce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels."	( Prevention by aspirin and its combination with alpha-difluoromethylornithine of azoxymethane-induced tumors, aberrant crypt foci and prostaglandin E2 levels in rat colon. Conran, P; Hawk, EE; Kelloff, GJ; Kramer, PM; Li, H; Lubet, RA; Pereira, MA; Schut, HA; Steele, VE, 1999)	0.3
" Heparin in the doses of 100, 500, and 1000 U/kg were administered intravenously through the tail vein once daily, starting 1 day after ulcer induction for 7 days in the dose-response experiment or heparin 1000 U/kg at a time schedule of 3, 5, and 7 days in the time-response study, respectively."	( Healing effects of heparin on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Cho, CH; Li, Y; Mei, QB, 1998)	0.3
" However, the significantly increased incidence of abnormal fetal heart rate tracings and the trend in increased deliveries for fetal distress with misoprostol dosing of 50 microgram every 4 hours are of concern."	( Misoprostol is more efficacious for labor induction than prostaglandin E2, but is it associated with more risk? Grullon, K; Kilpatrick, SJ; Kolderup, L; McLean, L; Safford, K, 1999)	0.3
" mini-pump dosing for 14 days, starting at the time of the arthritis induction."	( Effects of soluble interleukin-1 type II receptor on rabbit antigen-induced arthritis: clinical, biochemical and histological assessment. Cheneval, D; Dawson, J; Engelhardt, P; Kastelic, T; MacKenzie, A; Ramage, P, 1999)	0.3
" Vedaprofen, administered intravenously at a dosage of 1 mg/kg, produced significant and prolonged inhibition of ex vivo serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2) synthesis and short-lived inhibition of exudate prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and TXB2 synthesis."	( A pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study with vedaprofen in an equine model of acute nonimmune inflammation. Coert, A; Hoeijmakers, M; Lees, P; May, SA; Rens, PV, 1999)	0.3
" Blood samples were taken before and up to 6 h after dosing and the plasma obtained from it was tested for its ability to inhibit prostanoid formation in IL-1beta-treated A549 cells (COX-2 system) and human washed platelets (COX-1 system)."	( Ex vivo assay to determine the cyclooxygenase selectivity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Giuliano, F; Warner, TD, 1999)	0.3
" Before dosing and 24 h after the seventh dose of each regimen, heparinized whole blood samples were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (10 microgram/ml) for 24 h at 37 degrees C, and prostaglandin E2 was measured in plasma as an index of monocyte COX-2 activity."	( Dose-dependent inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase-1 and monocyte cyclooxygenase-2 by meloxicam in healthy subjects. Di Giamberardino, M; Panara, MR; Patrignani, P; Patrono, C; Renda, G; Rotondo, MT; Santini, G; Sciulli, MG; Seta, F; Tacconelli, S, 1999)	0.3
" Single dosing and ease of removal contribute to the common use of a commercially available prostaglandin E2 vaginal insert."	( Uterine rupture after use of a prostaglandin E2 vaginal insert during vaginal birth after cesarean. A report of two cases. Dachauer, JD; Doeden, AL; Raskin, KS; Rayburn, WF, 1999)	0.3
" PGE2 and misoprostol had bell-shaped dose-response curves: constriction by low doses of PGE2 and misoprostol (0."	( Dilatation and constriction of rat gastric mucosal microvessels through prostaglandin EP2 and EP3 receptors. Boku, K; Hayashi, H; Katori, M; Majima, M; Nishiyama, K; Ohno, T; Saeki, T; Saigenji, K, 1999)	0.3
"To compare the efficacy within 24 hours of a three-times-a-day intensive dosing regimen with a standard once daily dosing regimen using dinoprostone vaginal pessary in preinduction cervical priming."	( Two dosing regimens for preinduction cervical priming with intravaginal dinoprostone pessary: a randomised clinical trial. Tan, LK; Tay, SK, 1999)	0.74
"Preinduction cervical priming with the intensive dosing regimen improves the chances of successful ripening within 24 hours for primigravidae with unfavourable cervical scores at full term singleton pregnancies, and shortens the interval from priming to induction, and priming to delivery."	( Two dosing regimens for preinduction cervical priming with intravaginal dinoprostone pessary: a randomised clinical trial. Tan, LK; Tay, SK, 1999)	0.54
" Initial experience also indicates that PGE1 given at a dosage of 25 micrograms every three hours is more effective than intravenous oxytocin or local PGE2, but this advantage appears to be accompanied by an increase in the incidence of uterine hyperstimulation and associated fetal heart rate changes."	( [Evidence-based medicine: labor induction with prostaglandins]. Rath, W; Winkler, M, 1999)	0.3
" However, it was not possible to generate dose-response curves whereas significant correlations of uptake values with T50 values were found."	( The effect of oxytocin, prostaglandin E2 and acetylsalicylic acid on flow distribution and on the transfer of alanine, glucose and water in isolated perfused guinea pig placentae. Goepel, E; Niemax, K; Rybakowski, C; Schröder, HJ, 2000)	0.31
"5 h after multiple dosing with an accumulation ratio close to 2 for all doses."	( Pharmacokinetics, COX-2 specificity, and tolerability of supratherapeutic doses of rofecoxib in humans. Dallob, A; De Lepeleire, I; De Schepper, PJ; Depré, M; Ehrich, E; Gertz, BJ; Porras, A; Van Hecken, A; Wong, P, 2000)	0.31
" The COX selectivity of each drug was evaluated from dose-response curves by calculating a ratio (COX-1:COX-2) of inhibitory concentration values on the basis of concentrations that reduced PGE2 by 50% in each COX model."	( In vitro effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on cyclooxygenase activity in dogs. Benn, SJ; Conlon, P; Kay-Mugford, P; LaMarre, J, 2000)	0.31
" In comparing topical versus systemic formulations, all topical formulations were as equipotent as systemic dosing in altering local prostaglandin levels despite lower KTP exposures with gel treatments."	( Pharmacodynamic effects of ketoprofen on crevicular fluid prostanoids in adult periodontitis. Annett, M; Binder, TA; Friedman, M; Lawrence, HP; McCombs, GB; Offenbacher, S; Paquette, DW; Smith, PC; Troullos, E; Wilder, R, 2000)	0.31
" We wanted to demonstrate that increasing the dosage of prostaglandin E2 (1."	( Effect of different doses of prostaglandin E2 on intrauterine pressure and uterine motility during diestrus in experimental cows. Burkhardt, H; Eicher, R; Hirsbrunner, G; Küpfer, U; Steiner, A, 2000)	0.31
" Direct PGE(2) stimulation of cultures resulted in the bell shaped dose-response curve with concentrations of 1-100 nmol/l (which are within the range secreted in culture in response to FBS), stimulating significant latent MMP-9 secretion."	( Prostaglandin E(2)-dependent production of latent matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cultures of human fetal membranes. Bell, SC; McLaren, J; Taylor, DJ, 2000)	0.31
" Both shifted the dose-response curve of morphine to the right and these actions were eliminated by intrathecal PGD(2."	( Antianalgesic action of nociceptin originating in the brain is mediated by spinal prostaglandin E(2) in mice. Campbell, WB; Fujimoto, JM; Rady, JJ, 2001)	0.31
"In the dosage used, misoprostol seems to be an effective agent for induction of labor in patients with an unfavorable cervix."	( A randomized prospective study of misoprostol and dinoproston for induction of labor. Belfrage, P; Eggebø, TM; Gjessing, L; Okland, I; Smedvig, E, 2000)	0.31
" In dose-response studies, SLIGRL-NH(2) induced concentration-dependent increases in PGE(2) release (EC(50)=20."	( Role of PGE(2) in protease-activated receptor-1, -2 and -4 mediated relaxation in the mouse isolated trachea. Henry, PJ; Knight, DA; Lan, RS; Stewart, GA, 2001)	0.31
" The dose-response curve for NE (0."	( Lead-cadmium interaction effect on the responsiveness of rat mesenteric vessels to norepinephrine and angiotensin II. Andrzejak, R; Skoczyńska, A; Wróbel, J, 2001)	0.31
"Clearances of inulin and PAH decreased progressively after CsA dosage while renal vascular resistance increased."	( Pathophysiology of cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in humans: a role for nitric oxide? Bernemann, A; Bickeböller, R; Gossmann, J; Raab, HP; Radounikli, A; Schellinski, O; Scheuermann, EH, 2001)	0.31
"05% nobiletin for 5 weeks, starting one week before the first dosing of AOM."	( Dietary administration of citrus nobiletin inhibits azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci in rats. Kohno, H; Koshimizu, K; Murakami, A; Nishino, H; Ohigashi, H; Tanaka, T; Tokuda, H; Tsukio, Y; Yano, M; Yoshitani, S, 2001)	0.31
"05% zerumbone for 5 weeks, starting one week before the first dosing of AOM."	( Chemoprevention of azoxymethane-induced rat aberrant crypt foci by dietary zerumbone isolated from Zingiber zerumbet. Kohno, H; Koshimizu, K; Mori, H; Murakami, A; Ohigashi, H; Safitri, R; Shimizu, M; Takahashi, D; Tanaka, T; Tsukio, Y; Yamamoto, K; Yoshitani, S, 2001)	0.31
" The transgenic mice exhibited significantly reduced lung tumor multiplicity (tumor number) in proportion to transgene expression, a dose-response effect."	( Manipulation of pulmonary prostacyclin synthase expression prevents murine lung cancer. Gao, B; Geraci, MW; Gesell, TL; Golpon, HA; Hoshikawa, Y; Keith, RL; Malkinson, AM; Miller, YE; Moore, MD; Nemenoff, RA, 2002)	0.31
" Spinal administration of PGE2 produced a bi-directional, dose-response effect on thermally-evoked responses of both WDR and NS neurons when prostaglandin-induced changes in background discharges were controlled for."	( Spinal administration of prostaglandin E(2) or prostaglandin F(2alpha) primarily produces mechanical hyperalgesia that is mediated by nociceptive specific spinal dorsal horn neurons. Randich, A; Spraggins, DS; Turnbach, ME, 2002)	0.31
"Randomized dose-response study."	( Celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor as a potential chemopreventive to UV-induced skin cancer: a study in the hairless mouse model. Black, HS; Gerguis, J; Guevara, A; Lewis, AT; Orengo, IF; Phillips, R, 2002)	0.31
" dosage was characterized by slow clearance (1."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in calves. Arifah, AK; Lees, P, 2002)	0.31
" All women received cervical ripening with the dinoprostone gel 5 mg intracervically, with repeated dosing one time 6 hours later."	( Effect of vaginal pH on efficacy of the dinoprostone gel for cervical ripening/labor induction. Harris, DY; Heise, RH; Ogburn, PL; Ramin, KD; Ramsey, PS, 2002)	0.84
" Rats were dosed with nimesulide (COX-2 inhibitor), aminoguanidine (iNOS inhibitor), or vehicle."	( Neuroinflammatory role of prostaglandins during experimental meningitis: evidence suggestive of an in vivo relationship between nitric oxide and prostaglandins. Boje, KM; Jaworowicz, D; Raybon, JJ, 2003)	0.32
" IPPSFs (n=4/treatment) were topically dosed with mixtures of permethrin, DEET, and permethrin/DEET, in ethanol."	( Pyridostigmine bromide modulates topical irritant-induced cytokine release from human epidermal keratinocytes and isolated perfused porcine skin. Baynes, RE; Monteiro-Riviere, NA; Riviere, JE, 2003)	0.32
" Multiple dosing of etoricoxib (up to 150 mg qd) showed no important effects on serum TXB2, bleeding time, or platelet aggregation (COX-1-mediated effects)."	( Characterization of etoricoxib, a novel, selective COX-2 inhibitor. Agrawal, N; Dallob, A; De Schepper, P; DeTora, L; Gertz, B; Gottesdiener, K; Greenberg, H; Hawkey, CJ; Wagner, J; Waldman, S; Wight, N; Wong, P, 2003)	0.32
" In addition, the dose-response curve for histamine-induced elevations in intracellular calcium was shifted following IL-4 stimulation."	( IL-4 primes human endothelial cells for secondary responses to histamine. Awong, G; Cuvelier, SL; Iqbal, SM; Patel, KD; Tibbles, LA; Wierzbicki, T, 2003)	0.32
"Misoprostol in this dosing regimen is a safe method of labour induction."	( A randomised trial comparing low dose vaginal misoprostol and dinoprostone for labour induction. Kanhai, HH; LeCessie, S; Scherjon, S; van Gemund, N; van Leeuwen, JH; van Roosmalen, J, 2004)	0.56
" One group of three normal mice was not dosed (naïve) while another group of three normal mice received a bolus intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg of anandamide."	( Formation of prostamides from anandamide in FAAH knockout mice analyzed by HPLC with tandem mass spectrometry. Acheampong, A; Burk, R; Cravatt, BF; Ling, KH; Ni, J; Tang-Liu, DD; Weber, A; Woodward, D, 2004)	0.32
" All three agents denoted similar cAMP maximal responses in dose-response experiments."	( The time-course of cyclic AMP signaling is critical for leukemia U-937 cell differentiation. Baldi, A; Davio, C; Fernández, N; Legnazzi, BL; Monczor, F; Riveiro, ME; Shayo, C, 2004)	0.32
"3% (mean+/-SD), respectively, and of the urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-TXB2, an index of systemic biosynthesis of TXA2 in vivo, by 85+/-8% and 78+/-7%, respectively, that persisted throughout the dosing interval."	( Clinical pharmacology of platelet, monocyte, and vascular cyclooxygenase inhibition by naproxen and low-dose aspirin in healthy subjects. Capone, ML; Di Gregorio, P; Grana, M; Merciaro, G; Minuz, P; Patrignani, P; Patrono, C; Ricciotti, E; Sciulli, MG; Tacconelli, S, 2004)	0.32
"2% EK for 4 weeks, starting 1 week before the first dosing of AOM."	( Extract of vinegar "Kurosu" from unpolished rice inhibits the development of colonic aberrant crypt foci induced by azoxymethane. Hayashi, R; Kohno, H; Nanda, K; Nishikawa, Y; Ohigashi, H; Shimoji, Y; Sugie, S; Tamura, Y; Tanaka, T; Uenakai, K, 2003)	0.32
" Eight-week-old TRAMP mice were randomly divided and fed either control diet (AIN 76A) or a custom prepared AIN 76A diet containing 1500-ppm celecoxib ad libitum for 24 weeks, a dosage that would compare with the normal recommended dose for the treatment of human disease."	( Suppression of prostate carcinogenesis by dietary supplementation of celecoxib in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model. Adhami, VM; Fu, P; Gupta, S; Hafeli, UO; Lewin, JS; MacLennan, GT; Mukhtar, H; Subbarayan, M, 2004)	0.32
" BQ123 (1 microm) caused a rightward shift in the ET-1 dose-response curve, while indomethacin at a threshold concentration (28 nm) tended to have an opposite effect."	( Endothelin-induced constriction of the ductus venosus in fetal sheep: developmental aspects and possible interaction with vasodilatory prostaglandin. Adeagbo, AS; Coceani, F; Kelsey, L, 2004)	0.32
" In the present study, comparison of dose-response relations for hyperalgesia produced by PGE2, forskolin, 8-Br-cAMP, or the protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit, in primed versus normal animals, demonstrated that priming-induced enhancement of the PGE2-activated second messenger cascade occurs downstream to adenylate cyclase and upstream to PKA."	( Chronic hyperalgesic priming in the rat involves a novel interaction between cAMP and PKCepsilon second messenger pathways. Levine, JD; Parada, CA; Reichling, DB, 2005)	0.33
" In addition, these events occurred earlier after initial misoprostol dosing (5."	( Cardiotocographic abnormalities associated with dinoprostone and misoprostol cervical ripening. Harris, D; Heise, RH; Meyer, L; Ogburn, PL; Ramin, KD; Ramsey, PS; Walkes, BA, 2005)	0.58
" Isometric contractions of isolated guinea-pig tracheas were recorded at 4 and 6 g resting tension; and ACh dose-response curves were performed."	( Influence of resting tension on protease-activated receptor-mediated relaxation in guinea-pig tracheas. Cantore, M; Ciuffi, M; Failli, P; Franchi-Micheli, S; Mazzetti, L; Zilletti, L, 2005)	0.33
" The in vivo assay showed that pretreatment of rats with CF-Fs (50-200 mg/kg dosed by gavage) for 5 days significantly decreased the serum levels of the hepatic enzyme markers alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase induced by the 6-h treatment with LPS (i."	( Anti-inflammatory potential of flavonoid contents from dried fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida in vitro and in vivo. Kao, ES; Lin, WL; Tseng, TH; Wang, CJ; Wang, CP; Yin, YF, 2005)	0.33
" In BALB/c mice the effect of histamine and carbachol was reduced by PGE(2), whereas in C57BL/6 mice dose-response curves to these secretagogues were not affected."	( Host-specific differences in the physiology of acid secretion related to prostaglandins may play a role in gastric inflammation and injury. Hunt, RH; Padol, IT, 2005)	0.33
" These observations suggest a potential clinical use of combined dosing of COX-2 inhibitors and cytotoxic drugs at lower, nontoxic dose than currently used to treat advanced prostate cancer."	( Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib augments chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis by enhancing activation of caspase-3 and -9 in prostate cancer cells. Carey, RI; Dandekar, DS; Lokeshwar, BL; Lopez, M, 2005)	0.33
"05% nobiletin for 34 weeks, starting one week after the last dosing of AOM."	( Citrus nobiletin inhibits azoxymethane-induced large bowel carcinogenesis in rats. Kohno, H; Koshimizu, K; Murakami, A; Nishino, H; Ohigashi, H; Suzuki, R; Tanaka, T; Tokuda, H; Yano, M, 2004)	0.32
" From the pharmacokinetic and eicosanoid inhibition data for TA, pharmacodynamic parameters after dosing with TA alone for serum TxB2 and exudate PGE2 expressing efficacy (Emax=69."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of tolfenamic acid and marbofloxacin in goats. Landoni, MF; Lees, P; Sidhu, PK, 2006)	0.33
" Dose-response relations for PGE2 and subtype receptors EP1/EP3 (sulprostone), EP2 (butaprost), and EP4 (1-OH PGE1) were assessed by cumulated doses of single agonists."	( Duodenal secretion in humans mediated by the EP4 receptor subtype. Bindslev, N; Hansen, MB; Larsen, R, 2005)	0.33
" Exogenous addition of rat IL-1alpha to cultured lung fibroblasts induced PGE2 secretion in a dose-response manner."	( Alveolar type II cells inhibit fibroblast proliferation: role of IL-1alpha. Dinarello, CA; Mason, RJ; Pan, T; Portnoy, J; Shannon, JM; Westcott, JY; Zhang, L, 2006)	0.33
" The dose-response study of AA and IDM demonstrated that the concentration of intracellular AA accumulated by IDM is less than 100 nm."	( Enhancement of Ca2+-regulated exocytosis by indomethacin in guinea-pig antral mucous cells: arachidonic acid accumulation. Fujiwara, S; Kato, M; Katsu, K; Nakahari, T; Nakanishi, Y; Shimamoto, C, 2006)	0.33
" For the total phospholipid fraction, increasing the dietary FO levels led to a significant increase first evident at 1% FO, with a stepwise, nonsaturating six-fold increase in n-3 PUFA as EPA (20:5n-3), DPA (docosapentaenoic acid, 22:5n-3), and DHA, but mainly as DHA (22:6n-3), replacing the n-6 PUFA linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) over the dosage range."	( Dietary fish oil dose-response effects on ileal phospholipid fatty acids and contractility. Abeywardena, MY; Adams, MJ; Dallimore, JA; Patten, GS, 2005)	0.33
"300 microg/ml or higher Chokeberry extract showed cytotoxicity effect on CRL-2606 cells, the viability was lower than 60% and showed a dose-response manner."	( [Effect of anthocyanin rich fruit extract on PGE2 produced by endothelial cells]. Han, GL; Li, CM; Mazza, G; Yang, XG, 2005)	0.33
" Rats were randomly divided into normal group (NM), adjuvant arthritis group (AA) and three cyanidin-treated groups in high dosage (HA), middle dosage (MA), and low dosage (LA)."	( [Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of cyanidin from cherries on rat adjuvant-induced arthritis]. He, YH; Jia, HW; Li, XM; Lu, AP; Lu, C; Tong, Y; Wang, YS; Xiao, C; Zhao, HY; Zhao, LH; Zhou, J, 2005)	0.33
"EPA was incorporated in a linear dose-response fashion into plasma and mononuclear cell (MNC) phospholipids; incorporation was greater in the older men."	( Dose-related effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on innate immune function in healthy humans: a comparison of young and older men. Banerjee, T; Calder, PC; Miles, EA; Rees, D; Roynette, CE; Wahle, KW; Wells, SJ, 2006)	0.33
"Irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11), a topoisomerase I inhibitor highly effective for various cancers, has its dosage limited by diffuse mucosal damage with increased prostaglandin (PG) E(2)."	( Phospholipid fatty acid composition and diamine oxidase activity of intestinal mucosa from rats treated with irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) under vegetable oil-enriched diets: comparison between perilla oil and corn oil. Aoyama, M; Fueda, Y; Kishimoto, K; Miyoshi, M; Ohata, A; Ohmae, K; Usami, M, )	0.13
"Understanding the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of new cyclooxygenase inhibitors is essential to identify dosing requirements in early stages of drug development."	( Correlation between in vitro and in vivo concentration-effect relationships of naproxen in rats and healthy volunteers. Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, OE; Huntjens, DR; Spalding, DJ, 2006)	0.33
"At the dosage studied, celecoxib did not have a beneficial effect on research subjects with ALS, and it was safe."	( Trial of celecoxib in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Andreasson, KI; Cudkowicz, ME; Drachman, DB; Rothstein, JD; Schoenfeld, DA; Shefner, JM; Zhang, H, 2006)	0.33
" Based on the dose-response experiments, treatments included fetal bovine serum (FBS) control, 15 ng/ml IL-1, and 15 ng/ml IL-1 with the addition of 10 microg/ml GLN and 20 microg/ml CS."	( Short-term gene expression changes in cartilage explants stimulated with interleukin beta plus glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate. Caron, JP; Chan, PS; Orth, MW, 2006)	0.33
" The DGLA levels in the liver, serum, and brain significantly increased with increasing dosage of DGLA in the diet."	( Distribution and metabolism of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA, 20:3n-6) by oral supplementation in rats. Fujiwara, Y; Kawashima, H; Kiso, Y; Matsumoto, A; Morimitsu, Y; Ono, Y; Sagawa, S; Seyama, Y; Umeda-Sawada, R; Ushiyama, I, 2006)	0.33
" Correspondence in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles between the two dosing approaches cannot be assumed a priori."	( Effects of oral dosing paradigms (gavage versus diet) on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Kapetanovic, IM; Krishnaraj, R; Lyubimov, A; Martin-Jimenez, T; van Breemen, RB; Yuan, L, 2006)	0.33
" However, the dosage used in the above experiments did not affect beta cell viability and apoptosis."	( Prostaglandin E2 regulates Foxo activity via the Akt pathway: implications for pancreatic islet beta cell dysfunction. Chen, Q; Han, X; Ling, JJ; Lv, JH; Meng, ZX; Sun, JX; Sun, YJ; Zhu, DY, 2006)	0.33
" We found that at this dosage T-AOC was potentized, the activity of SOD increased and the level of MDA in serum decreased."	( Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of cherries on Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Chan, AS; He, YH; Lu, AP; Tang, JC; Tong, Y; Wang, YS; Xiao, C; Zhou, J, )	0.13
" Studies of lower misoprostol dosing (starting dose of 25 microgram) did not show any differences in the outcomes of interest, but the sample size of this secondary analysis was small (304 women, 155 receiving misoprostol)."	( Misoprostol compared with prostaglandin E2 for labour induction in women at term with intact membranes and unfavourable cervix: a systematic review. Butler, B; Crane, JM; Hannah, ME; Young, DC, 2006)	0.33
" Dose-response studies using 8 to 10 mmol/L glucose as stimulant established that levels as low as 1 to 10 nmol/L of the catecholamine were effective at inhibiting release."	( Divergent effects of epinephrine and prostaglandin E2 on glucose-induced insulin secretion from perifused rat islets. Yamazaki, H; Zawalich, KC; Zawalich, WS, 2007)	0.34
"In the feline iris, AGN 204396 produced a rightward shift of the dose-response curves for prostamide F2alpha and the prostamide F2alpha analog bimatoprost but did not block the effects of PGF2alpha and synthetic FP receptor agonists."	( Identification of an antagonist that selectively blocks the activity of prostamides (prostaglandin-ethanolamides) in the feline iris. Burk, RM; Donde, Y; Krauss, AH; Landsverk, K; Liang, Y; Nieves, AL; Protzman, CE; Struble, C; Wang, JW; Woodward, DF, 2007)	0.34
" We demonstrate that a reduction of cyclooxygenase 2 gene dosage rescued the ovarian aging phenotype of the Wv mice, whereas homozygous deletion was accompanied by a compensatory increase in ovarian cyclooxygenase 1 expression and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis."	( A reduction of cyclooxygenase 2 gene dosage counters the ovarian morphological aging and tumor phenotype in Wv mice. Cai, KQ; Hamilton, TC; Klein-Szanto, A; Smedberg, JL; Smith, ER; Xu, XX; Yang, WL, 2007)	0.34
" Moreover, pack-years of smoking showed a dose-response relationship with disease progression."	( Longitudinal study of the association between smoking as a periodontitis risk and salivary biomarkers related to periodontitis. Kataoka, K; Kibayashi, M; Kuboniwa, M; Morimoto, K; Nagata, H; Nakayama, K; Nishida, N; Shizukuishi, S; Tanaka, M, 2007)	0.34
" To analyze a possible interaction between both drugs a dose-response curve to ASA plus a fixed dose of CAF (5mg/kg) was obtained 3h after the injection of carrageenan, when the inflammatory pain peaked."	( Adjuvant effect of caffeine on acetylsalicylic acid anti-nociception: prostaglandin E2 synthesis determination in carrageenan-induced peripheral inflammation in rat. Fernández-Dueñas, V; Planas, E; Poveda, R; Sánchez, S, 2008)	0.35
" Low dosage of PGE2 (0."	( Nanogel-based delivery system enhances PGE2 effects on bone formation. Akiyoshi, K; Ezura, Y; Hasegawa, U; Kato, N; Kurosawa, H; Morimoto, N; Nakashima, K; Noda, M; Saita, Y, 2007)	0.34
" The dose-response curve of PGE(2) effect shows that 1, 5, and 10 microM PGE(2) increased the phosphorylation of P38 and ERK by 20-21, 50-80, and 80-100%, respectively."	( PGE2 inhibits apical K channels in the CCD through activation of the MAPK pathway. Jin, Y; Wang, WH; Wang, Z; Yang, B; Zhang, Y, 2007)	0.34
" Platelet aggregation induced by ADP and dosing of prostanoid products 6-keto-PGF1alpha, TXB2, PGE2 and LTB4 were also performed."	( Modifications produced by selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and ultra low dose aspirin on platelet activity in portal hypertension. Aguejouf, O; Belon, P; Desplat, V; Doutremepuich, C; Eizayaga, FX, 2007)	0.34
" The dose-response curve for histamine is shifted to the left by approximately two orders of magnitude following 45 s pre-treatment with 1 microM PGE2."	( Prostaglandin E2 sensitizes primary sensory neurons to histamine. Bevan, S; Foster, AF; Nicolson, TA; Richards, CD, 2007)	0.34
" The mutation to alanine was accompanied by significantly altered dose-response and desensitization properties."	( Kinetics and functional characterization of the glycine receptor alpha2 and alpha3 subunit. Brune, K; Heindl, C; Renner, B, 2007)	0.34
" Blood samples were collected at pre-defined time points after dosing to determine plasma concentrations over time."	( Population pharmacokinetic modelling of the enterohepatic recirculation of diclofenac and rofecoxib in rats. Chain, A; Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, O; Huntjens, DR; Metcalf, A; Spalding, DJ; Strougo, A; Summerfield, S, 2008)	0.35
" The BK dose-response curve was shifted to the right by topical indomethacin."	( A novel model of pain sensation using superfused gastrosplenic omentum preparation of anesthetized rats. Katori, M; Majima, M; Yang, SJ, 2008)	0.35
" Participants were then randomly assigned to preinduction cervical ripening with a dinoprostone vaginal insert (10 mg) administered into the posterior fornix for a total of 12 hours without oxytocin (group I); with oxytocin (group II), and with misoprostol (50 microg) intravaginally in the posterior fornix with repeat dosing at 6-hour intervals with a maximum dose of four with oxytocin (group III)."	( A prospective randomized trial of labor induction with vaginal controlled-release dinoprostone inserts with or without oxytocin and misoprostol+oxytocin. Kaya, M; Kurt, I; Sener, T; Tanir, HM; Yildiz, C, 2008)	0.8
"09% 6 hours and 12 hours preoperatively consistent with on-label dosing schedules."	( Comparison of ketorolac 0.4% and bromfenac 0.09% at trough dosing: aqueous drug absorption and prostaglandin E2 levels. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2008)	0.35
" The mean aqueous concentration of ketorolac and bromfenac at trough dosing was 130."	( Comparison of ketorolac 0.4% and bromfenac 0.09% at trough dosing: aqueous drug absorption and prostaglandin E2 levels. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2008)	0.35
" Behavioural endpoints for inflammatory pain and blood samples for biomarkers were obtained at various time points before and after dosing to characterise the time course of drug effect and disease progression."	( Differences in the sensitivity of behavioural measures of pain to the selectivity of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors. Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, OE; Huntjens, DR; Spalding, DJ, 2009)	0.35
" The untested assumption was that exposure and the resultant pharmacological effects are similar for these two administration methods when dosing is normalized on the basis of mg/kg body weight/day."	( Comparison of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of aspirin following oral gavage and diet dosing in rats. Bauer, KS; Kapetanovic, IM; Lindeblad, MO; Lubet, R; Lyubimov, A; Tessier, DM; Zakharov, AD, 2009)	0.35
" However, following priming (15 min) with bradykinin or arachidonic acid, DPDPE produced a significant reduction in allodynia that was antagonist reversible, peripherally restricted, and exhibited a typical dose-response relationship."	( Peripheral delta opioid receptors require priming for functional competence in vivo. Berg, KA; Clarke, WP; Hargreaves, KM; Patwardhan, AM; Rowan, MP; Ruparel, NB, 2009)	0.35
"Our data document that the dose-response curve to PGE2 is 'bell-shaped', with nano molar concentrations of PGE2 being more mitogenic than micro molar doses."	( Role of cAMP in the promotion of colorectal cancer cell growth by prostaglandin E2. Böhmer, FD; Grün, M; Löffler, I; Rubio, I, 2008)	0.35
" During modified ultrafiltration, although central venous pressure and catecholamine dosage transited at the same levels, systolic blood pressure increased from 60."	( Removal of prostaglandin E2 and increased intraoperative blood pressure during modified ultrafiltration in pediatric cardiac surgery. Iwata, H; Komada, T; Mitani, Y; Onoda, K; Shimpo, H; Takabayashi, S; Yokoyama, K, 2009)	0.35
"Acute and chronic dosing with INDO-PC produced less GI bleeding and intestinal injury than indomethacin alone, whereas the bioavailability, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and COX inhibitory activity of INDO-PC were comparable to indomethacin."	( Gastrointestinal safety and therapeutic efficacy of parenterally administered phosphatidylcholine-associated indomethacin in rodent model systems. Dial, EJ; Lichtenberger, L; Romero, JJ, 2009)	0.35
" procumbens tuber was dosed onto freshly excised porcine skin."	( A novel ex vivo skin model for the assessment of the potential transcutaneous anti-inflammatory effect of topically applied Harpagophytum procumbens extract. Heard, CM; Ouitas, NA, 2009)	0.35
") dosing regimen."	( Aqueous prostaglandin E(2) of cataract patients at trough ketorolac and bromfenac levels after 2 days dosing. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2009)	0.35
" Blood samples were collected at various intervals after dosing to characterise naproxen pharmacokinetics and its effects on PGE(2) and TXB(2) production."	( Impact of chronic inflammation on the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of naproxen. Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, OE; Huntjens, DR; Spalding, DJ, 2010)	0.36
" Furthermore, G168, administered intraperitoneally at a dosage of 1-5 mg/kg, showed a potent in vivo anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenan-induced paw edema and analgesic activity on acetic acid-induced writhing in mice."	( New anti-inflammatory synthetic biflavonoid with C-C (6-6") linkage: differential effects on cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Chang, HW; Kim, HP; Kim, SB; Lim, H; Park, H, 2009)	0.35
" Dose-response curves were generated and interactions were analysed using isobolographic analysis."	( Flavonoid combinations cause synergistic inhibition of proinflammatory mediator secretion from lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Harasstani, OA; Harith, HH; Ismail, N; Israf, DA; Liew, CY; Mohamad, AS; Moin, S; Rajajendram, R; Sulaiman, MR; Tham, CL; Zakaria, ZA, 2010)	0.36
"The experiments showed that only chrysin, kaempferol, morin, and silibinin were potent enough to produce dose-response effects upon at least two out of the three mediators assayed."	( Flavonoid combinations cause synergistic inhibition of proinflammatory mediator secretion from lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Harasstani, OA; Harith, HH; Ismail, N; Israf, DA; Liew, CY; Mohamad, AS; Moin, S; Rajajendram, R; Sulaiman, MR; Tham, CL; Zakaria, ZA, 2010)	0.36
" The cytotoxicity of compound 1 closely resembled that of curcumin, in terms of both IC(50) values and dose-response curves."	( Diarylheptanoid from Pleuranthodium racemigerum with in vitro prostaglandin E(2) inhibitory and cytotoxic activity. Brushett, DJ; Deseo, MA; Leach, DN; Macfarlane, G; Stevenson, LM; Thompson, DR; Wohlmuth, H, 2010)	0.36
" PGE(2) levels in mice dosed with R-2-phenylpropionic acid were elevated."	( Role of COX-2 in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy in rodents. Bjarnason, IT; Hotz-Behofsits, C; Simpson, RJ; Walley, M, 2010)	0.36
" Training neural networks with pairs of stimuli across the dose-response regime represents an efficient approach for predicting complex signal integration in a patient-specific disease milieu."	( Pairwise agonist scanning predicts cellular signaling responses to combinatorial stimuli. Brass, LF; Chatterjee, MS; Diamond, SL; Purvis, JE, 2010)	0.36
" Our findings suggest that the imbalance between AA and PGE2, characterized by increased AA at a low dosage and decreased PGE2 at a high dosage of celecoxib, was an important indicator of cytotoxicity of celecoxib on H22 cells."	( The inhibitory effect of celecoxib on mouse hepatoma H22 cell line on the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway. Chen, L; Lv, X; Xiang, D; Xu, Z; Zhang, M; Zhang, X, 2010)	0.36
" The time course and dose-response functions for LDF and TIVI showed notable differences."	( Tissue viability imaging for assessment of pharmacologically induced vasodilation and vasoconstriction in human skin. Arendt-Nielsen, L; Lyngholm, AM; Petersen, LJ; Zacho, HD, 2010)	0.36
" The following determinations were performed in SMG: (1) dose-response curves to the cholinergic agonist methacholine, (2) prostaglandin E (PGE) content, (3) inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and (4) histology of gland sections."	( Reduced methacholine-induced submandibular salivary secretion in rats with experimental periodontitis. Amer, M; Chiarenza, AP; Elverdin, JC; Fernández-Solari, J; Medina, VA; Vacas, MI, 2011)	0.37
" Estrone and 2-hydroxy-estrone showed biphasic dose-response curves of PGE(2), whereas estriol and 16-α-hydroxy-estrone increased PGE(2) levels at high concentrations."	( Estrogen metabolites in the release of inflammatory mediators from human amnion-derived cells. Biondi, C; Dalpiaz, A; Lunghi, L; Paganetto, G; Pavan, B, 2011)	0.37
"When comparing a cumulative dose-response curve for endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia to the effect of individual doses (1 ng, 10 ng, 100 ng, and 1 μg) administered in separate groups of rats, a marked difference was observed in the peak magnitude of hyperalgesia."	( Mechanical stimulation enhances endothelin-1 hyperalgesia. Gear, RW; Joseph, EK; Levine, JD, 2011)	0.37
"5 ml) intravaginally with repeated dosing if needed, 6 h apart, maximum of three doses."	( A prospective double blind trial investigating impact of vaginal pH on efficacy of prostaglandin gel for cervical ripening and course of labour. Dhakad, A; Gupta, HP; Jain, V; Mehrotra, S; Singh, U, 2011)	0.37
" We established a dose-response relationship for NASHA and we compared NASHA to other hyaluronans with different formulations that are in clinical use."	( Evaluation of long-term antinociceptive properties of stabilized hyaluronic acid preparation (NASHA) in an animal model of repetitive joint pain. Boettger, MK; Harrison, A; Kümmel, D; Schaible, HG, 2011)	0.37
" Dose-response curves to both prostanoids were competitively shifted to the right by all antagonists, but to different extents."	( Thromboxane and isoprostane share the same prostanoid receptors to increase human placental tone. Hausermann, L; St-Louis, J, 2011)	0.37
"1% at peak dosing levels in patients previously scheduled to undergo phacoemulsification."	( Prostaglandin E2 inhibition of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09%, and nepafenac 0.1% in patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.37
" Patients were instructed to take the NSAID per on-label dosing (twice daily [b."	( Prostaglandin E2 inhibition of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09%, and nepafenac 0.1% in patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.37
" A total of 25 human dental pulps were examined by histological analysis and radioimmunologic dosage of PGE2."	( Prostaglandin E2 to diagnose between reversible and irreversible pulpitis. Brunetti, L; Ciavarelli, L; Ferrante, M; Petrini, M; Spoto, G; Vacca, M, )	0.13
" These data provide a basis for the rational use of carprofen with oxytetracycline in calves and indicate that no alteration to carprofen dosage is required when the drugs are co-administered."	( Influence of oxytetracycline on carprofen pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in calves. Brentnall, C; Cheng, Z; Lees, P; McKellar, QA, 2013)	0.39
"The Tekscan(®) WB measurement system was used in MIA rats to examine the acute and chronic dosing effects of drugs that targeted different mechanisms."	( Pharmacological validation of early and late phase of rat mono-iodoacetate model using the Tekscan system. Elmes, SJ; McIntosh, F; Perkins, MN; Rashid, MH; Theberge, Y, 2013)	0.39
"We investigated dosage regimens for aspirin therapy in regard to antiplatelet effects in patients without gastrointestinal lesions."	( Theoretical investigation of aspirin dosage regimen to exhibit optimal antiplatelet effects and decrease risk of upper gastrointestinal lesions. Kitagawa, Y; Suzuki, Y; Tokuoka, K; Watanabe, M; Yaguchi, T; Yamada, Y; Yokoyama, H, 2012)	0.38
" Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) levels in whole body homogenates of males and ovaries of females decreased in a monotonic dose-response relationship whereas male 11-ketotestosterone levels and ovarian 17β-estradiol levels remained unchanged."	( Ibuprofen reduces zebrafish PGE(2) levels but steroid hormone levels and reproductive parameters are not affected. Bjerregaard, P; Lister, A; Morthorst, JE; Van Der Kraak, G, 2013)	0.39
" They have revolutionised antiglaucomatous therapy by their once-daily dosing regimen and fewer side effects."	( [Mechanisms, clinical profile and role of prostaglandin and prostamide analogues in antiglaucomatous therapy]. Welge-Lüßen, U; Yu, A, 2013)	0.39
" A linear dose-response curve was observed for PGE2 concentration and the logarithmic transformed standard endotoxin concentration (5-5000 ng/ml)."	( An in vitro method for evaluating endotoxic activity using prostaglandin E(2) induction in bovine peripheral blood. Nagai, H; Tamura, Y; Usui, M, 2013)	0.39
" Both CDCA and PGE2 contributed to TER reduction in an identical trend and a dose-response manner."	( Bile acids increase alveolar epithelial permeability via mitogen-activated protein kinase, cytosolic phospholipase A2 , cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 and junctional proteins. Chang, SC; Chen, CS; Hsiao, YH; Hung, MH; Lee, YC; Perng, DW; Su, KC; Tseng, CM; Wu, YC, 2013)	0.39
"To determine the relative efficacy of 2 commercially available firocoxib products to inhibit prostaglandin E₂ (PGE2) synthesis after oral dosing in horses."	( Efficacy of cyclo-oxygenase inhibition by two commercially available firocoxib products in horses. Barton, MH; Budsberg, S; Giguère, S; King, D; Norton, N; Paske, E, 2014)	0.4
" During each treatment period, blood was taken before dosing on Days 0 and 7 and on Day 7 1 h after dosing for ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation to induce (PGE₂ ) synthesis."	( Efficacy of cyclo-oxygenase inhibition by two commercially available firocoxib products in horses. Barton, MH; Budsberg, S; Giguère, S; King, D; Norton, N; Paske, E, 2014)	0.4
" The potential gastroprotective mechanisms of action of the compounds were assessed in dose-response experiments using human gastric epithelial cells (AGS) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5)."	( Diterpenylquinone hybrids: synthesis and assessment of gastroprotective mechanisms of action in human cells. Bravo, I; Pertino, MW; Schmeda-Hirschmann, G; Theoduloz, C, 2013)	0.39
" A significant part of the probiotic was dosed orally to reduce the variability of intake of the probiotic."	( Effects of age and controlled oral dosing of Enterococcus faecium on epithelial properties in the piglet small intestine. Aschenbach, JR; Dillenseger, A; Lodemann, U; Martens, H, 2013)	0.39
" Guidelines regarding cervical ripening are heterogeneous in terms of molecules, administration route, dosage or surveillance."	( [Survey on cervical ripening practices in France]. Bel, S; Fritz, G; Gaudineau, A; Langer, B; Sananes, N; Zorgnotti, L, 2014)	0.4
" Dosage of cytokines (IL-12 and INF-g) by ELISA technique and enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) for PGE2 measurement were employed."	( Toxoplasma gondii-skeletal muscle cells interaction increases lipid droplet biogenesis and positively modulates the production of IL-12, IFN-g and PGE2. Barbosa, HS; Bozza, PT; de Carvalho, L; Gomes, AF; Magalhães, KG; Molinaro, R; Rodrigues, RM, 2014)	0.4
" In this study, the dose-response effect of recombinant bovine IFN-τ (rbIFN-τ) on prostaglandin (PG) production by buffalo endometrial stromal cells cultured in vitro was studied."	( IFN-τ acts in a dose-dependent manner on prostaglandin production by buffalo endometrial stromal cells cultured in vitro. Agarwal, SK; Chethan, SG; Kumar, N; Nongsiej, J; Rakesh, HB; Singh, RP; Singh, SK, 2014)	0.4
" The results for vaginal birth not achieved in 24 hours, uterine hyperstimulation with fetal heart rate (FHR) changes, and caesarean section were highly heterogenous - for uterine hyperstimulation with FHR changes this was related to dosage with lower rates in those with lower doses of oral misoprostol."	( Oral misoprostol for induction of labour. Aflaifel, N; Alfirevic, Z; Weeks, A, 2014)	0.4
" The dose-response curve for GSN may have a bimodal profile, which should be further investigated."	( Effects of gelsolin on macrophage inflammatory responses to orthopaedic implant wear debris. Cheema, PS; Djenderedjian, L; Mihalko, WM; Smith, R, 2014)	0.4
" Further investigations are required to establish an optimal dosage regimen and safety profile before clinical trials are initiated."	( Evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of cimicoxib in fasted and fed horses. Della Rocca, G; Di Salvo, A; Giorgi, M; Kim, TW; Ryschanova, R; Sgorbini, M, 2015)	0.42
" These mathematical relationships can now be applied to individualized EPA dosing in clinical trials."	( Biomarkers for personalizing omega-3 fatty acid dosing. Brenner, DE; Djuric, Z; Hong, YH; Jiang, Y; Kuklev, D; Murphy, RC; Normolle, DP; Ren, J; Sen, A; Smith, WL; Uhlson, CL; Waters, I; Zhao, L, 2014)	0.4
" Cultures were treated with a therapeutic dosage of 5 commonly used statins: CEL, ATV + CEL, PGE2, and a selective antagonist of PGE2 receptor 4 (EP4)."	( Statins enhance rotator cuff healing by stimulating the COX2/PGE2/EP4 pathway: an in vivo and in vitro study. Brosh, T; Chechik, O; Dolkart, O; Gabet, Y; Liron, T; Maman, E; Somjen, D, 2014)	0.4
"NGF-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase type 1 or 2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in C2C12 cells and in a dose-response fashion stimulated PGE2 release, both effects antagonized by VLO5 and PD98059."	( Nerve growth factor-induced myoprotection in C2C12 muscle cells is mediated by α9β1 integrin via release of PGE2. Ettinger, K; Lazarovici, P; Marcinkiewicz, C; Nevo, Y, 2015)	0.42
" Although there are currently no pharmacogenomic findings that affect dosing of either prostaglandins or oxytocin, this is a growing area of research."	( Pharmacotherapy options for labor induction. Sheibani, L; Wing, DA, 2015)	0.42
" After the hydrogel was shown to be biocompatible and safe, an in vivo dose-response study was performed in order to determine safety and efficacy of the pNIPAAM MgFe-LDH hydrogel for intradiscal controlled delivery of CXB."	( Biocompatibility and intradiscal application of a thermoreversible celecoxib-loaded poly-N-isopropylacrylamide MgFe-layered double hydroxide hydrogel in a canine model. Craenmehr, EG; Creemers, LB; Dhert, WJ; Grinwis, GC; Kranenburg, HJ; Langelaan, ML; Meij, BP; Papen-Botterhuis, NE; Plomp, SG; Riemers, FM; Tellegen, AR; Tryfonidou, MA; Willems, N; Yang, HY, 2015)	0.42
" We have previously shown that the antinociception dose-response curve for peripherally restricted doses of the KOR agonist (-)-(trans)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl]benzeneacetamide (U50488) has an inverted U shape."	( Functional selectivity of kappa opioid receptor agonists in peripheral sensory neurons. Berg, KA; Chavera, TA; Clarke, WP; Jacobs, BA; Jamshidi, RJ; Prisinzano, TE; Saylor, RM; Sullivan, LC, 2015)	0.42
" The final model was then used to simulate a proof-of-concept study and to explore suitable dosing ranges in case of hepatic dysfunction or metabolic induction."	( Biomarker exposure-response relationships as the basis for rational dose selection: Lessons from a simulation exercise using a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Danhof, M; Della Pasqua, O; Oosterholt, SP; Taneja, A, 2016)	0.43
" A dose-response relationship with CRP level was observed for risk of either multiple small tubular adenomas (OR = 2."	( Evaluation of pro-inflammatory markers plasma C-reactive protein and urinary prostaglandin-E2 metabolite in colorectal adenoma risk. Cai, Q; Davenport, JR; Milne, G; Ness, RM; Shrubsole, MJ; Smalley, WE; Zhao, Z; Zheng, W, 2016)	0.43
" Using our model, we predict the following: Periodic dosing with PGE₂ temporarily renders fibroblasts incapable of differentiation and refractory to additional TGF-β1 stimulation; conversely, periodic dosing with TGF-β1 in the presence of PGE₂ induces a reduced signal response that can be further inhibited by the addition of more PGE₂."	( Identifying Mechanisms of Homeostatic Signaling in Fibroblast Differentiation. Ashley, SL; Kirschner, DE; Linderman, JJ; Moore, BB; Warsinske, HC, 2015)	0.42
" Our study also showed that labor induction of women with cervix Bishop score ≤3 needed increased dosage of misoprostol solution."	( Comparative study of titrated oral misoprostol solution and vaginal dinoprostone for labor induction at term pregnancy. He, T; Li, X; Ma, Q; Qin, L; Wang, X; Yang, A, 2016)	0.67
" Each rat to receive nebivolol and omeprazole was given the agent orally (by gavage) daily for 10 days prior to induction of ulcer by oral dosing with INDO."	( Nebivolol prevents indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. El-Ashmawy, NE; El-Bahrawy, HA; Khedr, EG; Selim, HM, 2016)	0.43
"0mg/ml) on jejunal contraction were investigated and a dose-response curve constructed using the experimental data after which The ED50 dose was determined."	( Freeze dried extracts of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. and Sheriff. show significant antidiarrheal activity in in-vivo models of diarrhea. Kinuthia, DG; Muriithi, AW; Mwangi, PW, 2016)	0.43
"01) with the highest activity being observed at the 400mg/kg dosage level (1."	( Freeze dried extracts of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. and Sheriff. show significant antidiarrheal activity in in-vivo models of diarrhea. Kinuthia, DG; Muriithi, AW; Mwangi, PW, 2016)	0.43
" Linear cytokine dose-response curves evaluated with length-dependent potency models, using measured fiber length distributions, resulted in identification of critical fiber lengths that cause frustrated phagocytosis and increased inflammatory biomolecule production."	( Quantitative analysis of the role of fiber length on phagocytosis and inflammatory response by alveolar macrophages. Champion, JA; Padmore, T; Stark, C; Turkevich, LA, 2017)	0.46
" The critical lengths at which frustrated phagocytosis occurs can be quantified by fitting dose-response curves to fiber distribution data."	( Quantitative analysis of the role of fiber length on phagocytosis and inflammatory response by alveolar macrophages. Champion, JA; Padmore, T; Stark, C; Turkevich, LA, 2017)	0.46
"①The total dosage of sufentanil in the observation group was less than that in the control group[(1."	( [Clinical research of electroacupuncture on the analgesic effect of thoracic perioperative stage]. Chang, J; Dong, X; Han, X; Li, Y; Wang, Y; Xing, Q; Zhou, M, 2017)	0.46
" Using an in vitro experimental approach, the physiological role of the airway epithelium on smooth muscle relaxation has been investigated by analyzing the dose-response curves for carbachol- or histamine-induced contractions on epithelium intact versus denuded tracheal tissue."	( Relaxant effect of ghrelin on guinea pig isolated tracheal smooth muscle: role of epithelial NO and PGE Al-Ayed, MSZ, 2018)	0.48
" Blood samples were collected to evaluate bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), the dosage of creatinine, aspartate and alanine transaminases."	( Tocoyena sellowiana extract decreases bone loss in an experimental model of periodontitis in rats: Putative role for cyclooxygenase-2 and IL-1? inhibition. Albuquerque, MRJR; Ávila, FN; Bandeira, PN; Bezerra, MM; Chaves, HV; Cristino-Filho, G; Freire, JMO; Freitas, AR; Goes, P; Gomes, FIF; Pereira, KMA; Pinto, VPT; Ribeiro, DDSF; Santos, HSD; Santos, WPD; Silva, AARE; Teixeira, AH; Val, DRD, 2018)	0.48
" In the PROPESS group, the dosage of uterotonic drugs, such as oxytocin, decreased, and the number of patients who used these drugs also decreased."	( Efficacy and safety of controlled-release dinoprostone vaginal delivery system (PROPESS) in Japanese pregnant women requiring cervical ripening: Results from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study. Bungyoku, Y; Falahati, A; Hamada, H; Ishida, T; Ishii, K; Itakura, A; Itoh, H; Kitamura, M; Nagamatsu, T; Shigeta, N; Tomisaka, M, 2021)	0.89
" We sought to determine the effective concentration of emodin on chondrocytes and to identify the dosage of emodin that induces a comparable therapeutic effect with the COX-2 inhibitor drug, celecoxib that is currently used to treat OA."	( Emodin protects knee joint cartilage in rats through anti-matrix degradation pathway: An in vitro and in vivo study. Bai, H; Gao, L; Hu, H; Li, Y; Liu, L; Ma, T; Song, X; Wang, X; Zhao, M, 2021)	0.62
"Further studies are needed to explore dosing regimens, including effective doses and administration frequencies, and the pharmacokinetics of flunixin following transdermal administration in piglets undergoing castration."	( Impact of transdermal flunixin administration on serum prostaglandin E2 and cortisol concentrations in piglets following castration. Arruda, AG; Coetzee, JF; Lopez Soriano, M; Merenda, VR; Montgomery, S; Pairis-Garcia, MD; Wagner, BK, 2022)	0.72
" Pain and inflammation were assessed by masked investigators via mechanical nociceptive threshold testing and the short form of the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale before drug administration and at multiple time points for 72 hours following dosing and surgery."	( Preliminary evaluation of the effects of grapiprant compared with carprofen on acute pain and inflammation following ovariohysterectomy in dogs. Barnes, DN; Enomoto, H; Long, SM; Messenger, KM; Southern, BL, 2022)	0.72
" However, progress of culture-expanded MSCs is hindered by inconsistent cell function, poor localization, and insufficient retention when administered as suspended cell injections, thus placing spatiotemporal dosing constraints on therapeutic functions."	( Interferon-Gamma Primed Human Clonal Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Sheets Exhibit Enhanced Immunosuppressive Function. Cho, YK; Dunn, CM; Grainger, DW; Kameishi, S; Okano, T; Song, SU, 2022)	0.72

Role	Description
oxytocic	A drug that stimulates contraction of the myometrium. Oxytocics are used to induce labour, obstetric at term, to prevent or control postpartum or postabortion haemorrhage, and to assess foetal status in high risk pregnancies. They may also be used alone or with other drugs to induce abortions (abortifacients).
human metabolite	Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens).
mouse metabolite	Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus).
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
prostaglandins E
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Metabolism	1496	1108
Metabolism of lipids	500	463
Fatty acid metabolism	113	203
Arachidonic acid metabolism	36	82
Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)	11	35
Signaling Pathways	1269	117
Signaling by GPCR	249	55
GPCR ligand binding	193	39
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	161	36
Eicosanoid ligand-binding receptors	11	7
Prostanoid ligand receptors	7	5
GPCR downstream signalling	172	52
G alpha (i) signalling events	87	41
G alpha (q) signalling events	79	28
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism	29	66
Leukotriene C4 Synthesis Deficiency	29	66
Piroxicam Action Pathway	29	67
Acetylsalicylic Acid Action Pathway	29	67
Etodolac Action Pathway	29	67
Ketoprofen Action Pathway	29	67
Ibuprofen Action Pathway	50	76
Rofecoxib Action Pathway	29	67
Diclofenac Action Pathway	29	67
Sulindac Action Pathway	29	67
Celecoxib Action Pathway	35	73
Ketorolac Action Pathway	29	67
Suprofen Action Pathway	29	67
Bromfenac Action Pathway	29	67
Indomethacin Action Pathway	30	67
Mefenamic Acid Action Pathway	29	67
Oxaprozin Action Pathway	29	67
Nabumetone Action Pathway	29	67
Naproxen Action Pathway	29	67
Diflunisal Action Pathway	29	67
Meloxicam Action Pathway	29	67
Valdecoxib Action Pathway	29	67
Antipyrine Action Pathway	29	67
Antrafenine Action Pathway	29	67
Carprofen Action Pathway	29	67
Etoricoxib Action Pathway	29	67
Fenoprofen Action Pathway	29	67
Flurbiprofen Action Pathway	29	67
Magnesium Salicylate Action Pathway	29	67
Lumiracoxib Action Pathway	29	67
Lornoxicam Action Pathway	29	67
Phenylbutazone Action Pathway	29	67
Nepafenac Action Pathway	29	67
Trisalicylate-Choline Action Pathway	29	67
Tolmetin Action Pathway	29	67
Tiaprofenic Acid Action Pathway	29	67
Tenoxicam Action Pathway	29	67
Salsalate Action Pathway	29	67
Salicylate-Sodium Action Pathway	29	67
Salicylic Acid Action Pathway	29	67
Acetaminophen Action Pathway	29	67
Prostaglandin and Leukotriene metabolism ( Prostaglandin and Leukotriene metabolism )	22	23
Eicosanoid metabolism via cyclooxygenases (COX)	1	37
Succinate Signalling During Inflammation	13	7
3q29 copy number variation syndrome	0	12
Pleural mesothelioma	2	8
Overview of proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators	2	1
Prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism in senescence	6	19
Quercetin and Nf-kB / AP-1 induced apoptosis	0	9
T cell modulation in pancreatic cancer	45	9
Arachidonic acid (AA, ARA) oxylipin metabolism	0	76
Eicosanoid lipid synthesis map	1	7
Quercetin and Nf-kB / AP-1 induced cell apoptosis	0	9
Selenium micronutrient network	0	95
Vitamin B12 metabolism	0	50
Eicosanoid synthesis	0	26
Folate metabolism	1	56
Arachidonic acid metabolism pathway	0	11
Arachidonic acid metabolism via COX (Cyclooxygenase) pathway	0	35

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.1220	0.0032	45.4673	12,589.2998	AID2517
Chain A, Cruzipain	Trypanosoma cruzi	Potency	39.8107	0.0020	14.6779	39.8107	AID1476
SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.9145	0.1737	34.3047	61.8120	AID1346859; AID1346924
SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.9145	0.1737	34.3047	61.8120	AID1346859; AID1346924
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.4255	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978; AID686979
GLI family zinc finger 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.5339	0.0007	14.5928	83.7951	AID1259368; AID1259369; AID1259392
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	5.6808	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743035; AID743036; AID743042; AID743053; AID743054; AID743063
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0100	0.0013	18.0743	39.8107	AID926; AID938
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	29.9349	0.5318	15.4358	37.6858	AID504845
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	4.5121	0.0002	14.3764	60.0339	AID720691; AID720692
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4915	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159552
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	18.9959	0.0008	17.5051	59.3239	AID1159527
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0221	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1259401
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4889	0.3758	27.4851	61.6524	AID743217
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.8790	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743069; AID743075; AID743079; AID743080
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0287	0.0016	28.0151	77.1139	AID1224843; AID1224895; AID1259393
activating transcription factor 6	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.0890	0.1434	27.6121	59.8106	AID1159516
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	28.1838	0.0018	15.6638	39.8107	AID894
prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.1482	0.1482	5.5312	35.2093	AID743167
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	44.6684	0.3548	28.0659	89.1251	AID504847
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	6.1932	0.0003	23.4451	159.6830	AID743065; AID743067
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.8614	0.0398	16.7842	39.8107	AID1454; AID995
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	26.6011	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID743202
geminin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4983	0.0046	11.3741	33.4983	AID624296
peripheral myelin protein 22	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	32.1968	0.0056	12.3677	36.1254	AID624032
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.1317	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	1,000.0000	0.1100	7.1903	10.0000	AID1449628
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.0050	0.0050	0.0135	0.0560	AID638220; AID650867
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.0031	0.0031	0.0032	0.0033	AID638221; AID650868
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0155	0.0011	0.2254	0.4960	AID1529427; AID482503
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0121	0.0091	0.6635	1.5849	AID1151360; AID308192; AID320772
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.0060	0.0060	0.0270	0.1000	AID638218; AID650865
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0031	0.0004	0.9585	8.0390	AID1336350; AID1529429; AID160691; AID346446; AID482506; AID751652; AID751857
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0010	0.0001	0.4744	3.1623	AID1151362; AID1587871; AID308196; AID310292; AID320753; AID346446; AID751652; AID751857
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0021	0.0021	0.0021	0.0021	AID419200
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0020	0.0009	0.1212	0.6350	AID1529428; AID482505
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0020	0.0003	1.7081	6.8000	AID1151361; AID1587870; AID308195; AID320773
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0087	0.0022	0.7205	4.1690	AID1285651; AID1336349; AID1529425; AID482504; AID751859; AID752222
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0092	0.0010	0.5448	3.0000	AID1151359; AID1587869; AID308193; AID310290; AID320751; AID751859
Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.2600	0.0084	0.0704	0.2880	AID1151369
Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	10.0000	0.0032	0.4958	6.6280	AID1151363
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.0220	0.0220	0.0392	0.0870	AID638219; AID650866
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0052	0.0052	0.0276	0.0500	AID419199
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	18.0985	1.1000	6.6789	9.1201	AID360149
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	3.3942	0.4074	5.0217	9.4000	AID360150
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0019	0.0001	0.2328	3.2000	AID1300192
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0037	0.0003	0.3248	0.7600	AID1300198
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0028	0.0000	0.0028	0.0075	AID1300193; AID1587872; AID1587874; AID160690; AID320754
Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.2500	0.0036	0.0762	0.2500	AID1300200
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0021	0.0007	0.0021	0.0035	AID419214; AID650870
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0025	0.0025	2.5405	5.0000	AID1300199
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.1381	0.0019	0.9665	7.8000	AID1151368; AID1300192; AID1300196; AID1587873; AID1587875
Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.3470	0.0004	0.0545	0.3470	AID1300194
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0096	0.0002	0.0065	0.0190	AID419201; AID650869
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	0.0289	0.0289	1.0407	2.6000	AID682098
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	0.6570	0.4770	4.0308	9.0000	AID680361
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	3.4000	1.9000	4.2725	9.6900	AID680356
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A5	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Km	35.0000	4.3000	6.3960	8.8000	AID681149
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Km	0.0940	0.0700	1.6520	7.5690	AID681576
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	0.9700	0.4200	4.6183	9.3000	AID679829
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Km	38.5000	0.3660	0.3900	0.4140	AID678818
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	0.3450	0.3450	1.3217	3.1000	AID679674
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Km	0.0052	0.0052	0.0052	0.0052	AID681371
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)	K1/2	0.1000	0.0820	0.1078	0.1820	AID682149
Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	0.1540	0.1540	0.6215	1.0100	AID679645
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Km	13.0000	1.1000	5.2833	9.4500	AID681150
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	0.7130	0.4250	0.5690	0.7130	AID679510
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
body fluid secretion	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
amine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
choline transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid import across plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine import across plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-alpha-amino acid transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric proximal tubule development	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic cation transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acyl carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretion	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cilium assembly	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet degranulation	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid biosynthetic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compound	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitination	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid signaling pathway	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estrogen	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cell	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bile acid secretion	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylation	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
androgen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciol	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylation	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cytokine production	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytokine production	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
JNK cascade	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
response to mechanical stimulus	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nematode	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ossification	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of integrin activation	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
T-helper cell differentiation	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory response	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of stress fiber assembly	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
bone development	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of eosinophil extravasation	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
parturition	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiol	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
cell death	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fever generation	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
intestine smooth muscle contraction	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gastric acid secretion	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nematode	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
response to progesterone	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferation	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signaling	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compound	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
inorganic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-ketoglutarate transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric proximal tubule development	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
renal tubular secretion	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substance	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
inorganic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
inorganic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
urate metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-ketoglutarate transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
amine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
choline transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
quinine 3-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 23-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
D1 dopamine receptor binding	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin E receptor activity	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin E receptor activity	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin F receptor activity	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin E receptor activity	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin E receptor activity	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
prostacyclin receptor activity	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-ketoglutarate transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
antiporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
chloride ion binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-ketoglutarate transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet dense granule membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Prostacyclin receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
caveola	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
lysosome	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Solute carrier family 22 member 11	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 7	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID500934	Effect on scl gene expression in wild type zebrafish embryo at 20 uM treated 14 hrs post fertilization by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID678824	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	2001	Gastroenterology, Feb, Volume: 120, Issue:2	Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver.
AID384955	Intrinsic aqueous solubility at pH 10 by shake-flask method	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Molecular characteristics for solid-state limited solubility.
AID181529	Antiaggregatory activity is expressed as dose that inhibit rat platelet aggregation induced by collagen by 50% of that of the control; No effect	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	Synthesis and biological activity of novel carbacyclins having bicyclic substituents on the omega-chain.
AID625286	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID588211	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID625287	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID180050	Endosteal mineralizing surface measured Histomorphometrically after a does of 6000 ug/kg in Tibial Diaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID1529425	Displacement of [3H]prostaglandin E2 from human EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cell membranes after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-09, Volume: 61, Issue:15	Identification of a Selective, Non-Prostanoid EP2 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Glaucoma: Omidenepag and its Prodrug Omidenepag Isopropyl.
AID1192204	Activity at recombinant EP4 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHO cells co-expressing Gs protein at 100 nM by electrical cell substrate impedance sensing system	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Novel tail and head group prostamide probes.
AID1147608	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 2.08	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID1135387	Binding affinity to prostanoid receptor in Holtzman rat lipocytes assessed as compound equivalent to 1 ng cold PGE1 in displacing [3H]-PGE1 from receptor after 30 mins	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	11,12-Secoprostaglandins. 1. Acylhydroxyalkanoic acids and related compounds.
AID160690	EP4 agonist potency utilizing a stable clone of pSV40-EP4 transfected into HEK293 cells expressing EP4 receptor	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-24, Volume: 13, Issue:6	Discovery of a potent and selective agonist of the prostaglandin EP4 receptor.
AID681576	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in PGT-expressing HeLa cells	1995	Science (New York, N.Y.), May-12, Volume: 268, Issue:5212	Identification and characterization of a prostaglandin transporter.
AID650870	Agonist activity at rat EP4 receptor	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs as potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual agonists.
AID1300199	Agonist activity at human EP3 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in intracellular calcium level by fluorescence based analysis	2016	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3	Discovery of G Protein-Biased EP2 Receptor Agonists.
AID751857	Binding affinity to human prostanoid EP4 receptor by radioligand displacement assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies in serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists based on fused pyrrolidone scaffolds.
AID681872	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of alaninyl-d4TMP by Prostaglandin E2 at a concentration of 20uM in membrane vesicle from MRP5-expressing HEK293 cells	2003	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-05, Volume: 100, Issue:16	The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
AID1147618	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 3.5 at 25 degC by HPLC analysis	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID697853	Inhibition of horse BChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22	Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID320751	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human EP2 receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of a gamma-lactam as a highly selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonist.
AID1529428	Displacement of [3H]prostaglandin E2 from recombinant human full length EP3 receptor expressed in Chem-1 cell membranes after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-09, Volume: 61, Issue:15	Identification of a Selective, Non-Prostanoid EP2 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Glaucoma: Omidenepag and its Prodrug Omidenepag Isopropyl.
AID679674	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT3-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID625281	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID682098	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OCT2-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID1300192	Agonist activity at human EP2 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in intracellular cAMP level after 30 mins by HTRF method	2016	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3	Discovery of G Protein-Biased EP2 Receptor Agonists.
AID1587869	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cell membranes after 120 mins by liquid scintillation counting method	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-09, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Difluoromethylene at the γ-Lactam α-Position Improves 11-Deoxy-8-aza-PGE
AID360149	Inhibition of mouse Oat6-mediated [3H]ES uptake in Xenopus oocytes after 1 hr	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33	Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members.
AID680356	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake (vesicle) in membrane vesicles from MRP4-expressing Sf9 cells	2003	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-05, Volume: 100, Issue:16	The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
AID681940	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 5 uM, PGE2: 1000 uM) in OCT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID1151363	Binding affinity to prostanoid IP receptor (unknown origin)	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID1529427	Displacement of [3H]prostaglandin E2 from recombinant human full length EP1 receptor expressed in Chem-1 cell membranes after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-09, Volume: 61, Issue:15	Identification of a Selective, Non-Prostanoid EP2 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Glaucoma: Omidenepag and its Prodrug Omidenepag Isopropyl.
AID500933	Effect on gata1 gene expression in wild type zebrafish embryo at 20 uM treated 14 hrs post fertilization by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID681575	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	1998	FEBS letters, Jun-12, Volume: 429, Issue:2	Identification of multispecific organic anion transporter 2 expressed predominantly in the liver.
AID1147606	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at 12.61 x 10'-4 M at pH 4.53 at 25 degC by HPLC analysis	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID751718	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant prostanoid EP4 receptor in CHEM1 cells at 10 uM after 2 hrs relative to control	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID1300200	Agonist activity at human FP receptor expressed in human Chem1 cells assessed as increase in intracellular calcium level by fluorescence based analysis	2016	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3	Discovery of G Protein-Biased EP2 Receptor Agonists.
AID1147609	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 2.99	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID679174	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OATP-D-expressing HEK293 cells	2000	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Jun-24, Volume: 273, Issue:1	Molecular identification and characterization of novel members of the human organic anion transporter (OATP) family.
AID625285	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID160691	Inhibitory activity against human EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293 ebna cells	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-24, Volume: 13, Issue:6	Discovery of a potent and selective agonist of the prostaglandin EP4 receptor.
AID1587871	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cell membranes after 120 mins by liquid scintillation counting method	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-09, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Difluoromethylene at the γ-Lactam α-Position Improves 11-Deoxy-8-aza-PGE
AID588212	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID419199	Inhibition of rat EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Discovery of CP-533536: an EP2 receptor selective prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) agonist that induces local bone formation.
AID308195	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human EP3 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs of PGE2 as potent and selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonists.
AID680946	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PGF2alpha uptake (PGF2alpha: 0.05 uM, PGE2: 30 uM) in OAT2-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID650867	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP3 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs as potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual agonists.
AID61300	Percent change in renal resistance in anesthetized dogs after infusion of compound at 10 nM/kg/min	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 26, Issue:3	Prostaglandin isosteres. 2. Chain-modified thiazolidinone prostaglandin analogues as renal vasodilators.
AID1151369	Agonist activity at prostanoid IP receptor (unknown origin) by functional assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID1587873	Agonist activity at human EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293T/17 cells assessed as increase in intracellular cAMP level incubated for 30 mins by ELISA	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-09, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Difluoromethylene at the γ-Lactam α-Position Improves 11-Deoxy-8-aza-PGE
AID1449628	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in baculovirus transfected fall armyworm Sf21 cell membranes vesicles assessed as reduction in ATP-dependent [3H]-taurocholate transport into vesicles incubated for 5 mins by Topcount based rapid filtration method	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Dec, Volume: 40, Issue:12	Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification.
AID681598	TP_TRANSPORTER: cell accumulation in OST-expressing oocytes	2003	The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 278, Issue:30	Functional complementation between a novel mammalian polygenic transport complex and an evolutionarily ancient organic solute transporter, OSTalpha-OSTbeta.
AID682061	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OATP-C-expressing HEK293 cells	2000	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Jun-24, Volume: 273, Issue:1	Molecular identification and characterization of novel members of the human organic anion transporter (OATP) family.
AID175265	Directly measured thickness measured using micro Computed Tomography(CT) after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Vertebral Bone	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID185552	Marrow area measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Tibial Diaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID638219	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP2 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Discovery of a novel EP2/EP4 dual agonist with high subtype-selectivity.
AID679645	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT4-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID681135	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OATP-F-expressing CHO cells	2002	Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.), Oct, Volume: 16, Issue:10	Identification of a novel human organic anion transporting polypeptide as a high affinity thyroxine transporter.
AID174812	Connectivity density measured using micro Computed Tomography(CT) after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Vertebral Bone	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID500935	Effect on MPO gene expression in wild type zebrafish embryo at 20 uM treated 14 hrs post fertilization by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID679944	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT-K2-expressing MDCK cells	1999	Molecular pharmacology, Apr, Volume: 55, Issue:4	Cloning and functional characterization of a new multispecific organic anion transporter, OAT-K2, in rat kidney.
AID679510	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT2-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID681603	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	1999	Molecular pharmacology, Apr, Volume: 55, Issue:4	Cloning and functional characterization of a new multispecific organic anion transporter, OAT-K2, in rat kidney.
AID1192203	Activity at recombinant EP3 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHO cells co-expressing Gi protein at 100 nM by electrical cell substrate impedance sensing system	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Novel tail and head group prostamide probes.
AID180035	Endosteal eroded surface measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Tibial Diaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID1151368	Agonist activity at EP2 receptor (unknown origin) by functional assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID19262	Aqueous solubility	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-05, Volume: 10, Issue:11	Prediction of drug solubility from Monte Carlo simulations.
AID650865	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP1 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs as potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual agonists.
AID751859	Binding affinity to human prostanoid EP2 receptor by radioligand displacement assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies in serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists based on fused pyrrolidone scaffolds.
AID310290	Binding affinity at human prostaglandin EP2 receptor	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 17, Issue:23	Synthesis and evaluation of novel pyrazolidinone analogs of PGE2 as EP2 and EP4 receptors agonists.
AID184510	Mineralizing apposition measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Tibial Diaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID1063372	Inhibition of human HPGD in human ME180 cells assessed as downregulation of TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB expression at 647 pM to 38.2 uM incubated for 15 mins prior to TNFalpha addition measured after 4 to 24 hrs by beta-lactamase reporter gene assay	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Structure-activity relationship studies and biological characterization of human NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID482736	Induction of bone formation in ovariectomized rat assessed as increase in total bone mineral content at 1 mg/kg, sc administered daily for 6 weeks relative to control	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Emerging targets in osteoporosis disease modification.
AID1300194	Agonist activity at human IP receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in intracellular cAMP level after 30 mins by HTRF method	2016	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3	Discovery of G Protein-Biased EP2 Receptor Agonists.
AID346446	Displacement of radiolabeled PGE2 from human prostanoid EP4 receptor	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 51, Issue:22	cis-4-(Piperazin-1-yl)-5,6,7a,8,9,10,11,11a-octahydrobenzofuro[2,3-h]quinazolin-2-amine (A-987306), a new histamine H4R antagonist that blocks pain responses against carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia.
AID84688	Antifertility activity was determined in hamsters (two to six dose levels, 6-18 animals per group) treated subcutaneously (sc) from day 4 to day 6 of gestation.	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 29, Issue:10	Structure-activity studies of 16-methoxy-16-methyl prostaglandins.
AID174789	Intravenous, antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats, Duration of action was determined at a compound dose of 300 ug/kg; 25-30	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID187193	Periosteal mineral apposition rate measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Tibial Diaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID320754	Agonist activity at human EP4 receptor by cAMP assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of a gamma-lactam as a highly selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonist.
AID625279	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID186049	Intravenous antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats a dose of 10 ug/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID183522	Cytoprotective activity in rat when administered 0.25 mg/kg perorally (Ethyl alcohol as necrotic agent)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 32, Issue:9	Synthesis and biological activity of 3-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiulcer agents.
AID186052	Intravenous antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats a dose of 30 ug/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID681150	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	2001	Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, Nov, Volume: 443, Issue:2	Localization of organic anion transporting polypeptide 4 (Oatp4) in rat liver and comparison of its substrate specificity with Oatp1, Oatp2 and Oatp3.
AID308193	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs of PGE2 as potent and selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonists.
AID679329	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	2001	Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, Nov, Volume: 443, Issue:2	Localization of organic anion transporting polypeptide 4 (Oatp4) in rat liver and comparison of its substrate specificity with Oatp1, Oatp2 and Oatp3.
AID1147613	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 6.50	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID191810	Trabecular no measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in proximal tibial metaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID232557	Ratio of ED50 for diarrhea to ID50 (antisecretory activity)	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 29, Issue:10	Structure-activity studies of 16-methoxy-16-methyl prostaglandins.
AID1151364	Agonist activity at EP4 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in 293-EBNA cells assessed as receptor internalization at 1 uM after 0 to 60 mins	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID187085	Mineral apposition measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in proximal tibial metaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID182628	Compound was evaluated for antisecretion activity using stomach perfusion test in the anesthetized rat (ig administration)	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 29, Issue:10	Structure-activity studies of 16-methoxy-16-methyl prostaglandins.
AID482506	Binding affinity to EP4 receptor	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Emerging targets in osteoporosis disease modification.
AID500938	Induction of AML1-ETO protein translation in 37 degC heat-stimulated heterozygous transgenic zebrafish assessed as phenotype appearance after 1 hr by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID588213	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1285651	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant prostanoid EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 24, Issue:8	Design, physico-chemical properties and biological evaluation of some new N-[(phenoxy)alkyl]- and N-{2-[2-(phenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}aminoalkanols as anticonvulsant agents.
AID681362	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	1997	The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 272, Issue:30	Expression cloning and characterization of a novel multispecific organic anion transporter.
AID1151362	Binding affinity to EP4 receptor (unknown origin)	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID679403	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PAH uptake (PAH: 5 uM, PGE2: 1000 uM) in OAT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID186053	Intravenous antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats a dose of 300 ug/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID1300193	Agonist activity at human EP4 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in intracellular cAMP level after 30 mins by HTRF method	2016	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3	Discovery of G Protein-Biased EP2 Receptor Agonists.
AID679321	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT1-expressing HeLa cells	1999	The American journal of physiology, 02, Volume: 276, Issue:2	Cloning of the human kidney PAH transporter: narrow substrate specificity and regulation by protein kinase C.
AID625288	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID360151	Ratio of pKi for mouse Oat1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes to pKi for mouse Oat6 expressed in Xenopus oocytes	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33	Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members.
AID625280	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID482503	Binding affinity to EP1 receptor	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Emerging targets in osteoporosis disease modification.
AID169161	Bone Volume /Tissue Volume (%)measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in proximal tibial metaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID1587875	Agonist activity at human EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293T/17 cells assessed as increase in GalphaS-mediated CREB activation measured after 6 to 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene-based chemiluminescence assay	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-09, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Difluoromethylene at the γ-Lactam α-Position Improves 11-Deoxy-8-aza-PGE
AID638221	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP4 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Discovery of a novel EP2/EP4 dual agonist with high subtype-selectivity.
AID697852	Inhibition of electric eel AChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22	Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID500937	Induction of MPO-positive granulocytic cell accumulation in heat-stimulated heterozygous transgenic zebrafish embryo	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID1135391	Binding affinity to prostanoid receptor in [8-14C]-adenine-treated CD-1 mouse ovary assessed as increase in c-AMP production at 1 ug/mL after 30 mins by paper chromatographic analysis in presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	11,12-Secoprostaglandins. 1. Acylhydroxyalkanoic acids and related compounds.
AID679829	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID168889	Relative potency for organ protection	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	Synthesis and biological activity of novel carbacyclins having bicyclic substituents on the omega-chain.
AID187473	Relative potency for hypotension	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	Synthesis and biological activity of novel carbacyclins having bicyclic substituents on the omega-chain.
AID1147612	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 5.50	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID679962	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Oatp1-expressing HeLa cells	1996	The American journal of physiology, Feb, Volume: 270, Issue:2 Pt 2	Transient expression of oatp organic anion transporter in mammalian cells: identification of candidate substrates.
AID1300198	Agonist activity at human EP1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in intracellular calcium level by fluorescence based analysis	2016	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3	Discovery of G Protein-Biased EP2 Receptor Agonists.
AID650868	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP4 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs as potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual agonists.
AID174787	Intravenous, antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats, Duration of action was determined at a compound dose of 100 ug/kg; 10-20	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID320772	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human EP1 receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of a gamma-lactam as a highly selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonist.
AID1147605	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at 6.31 x 10'-4 M at pH 3.50 at 25 degC by HPLC analysis	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID78362	Relative potency against bronchoconstrictions, induced by intravenous administration of serotonin at doses 5.6-22.5 mg/kg in guinea pig.	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8	Prostaglandins and congeners. 22. Synthesis of 11-substituted derivatives of 11-deoxyprostaglandins E1 and E2. Potential bronchodilators.
AID625292	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID174783	Intravenous antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats, Duration of action was determined at a compound dose of 10 ug/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID320773	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human EP3 receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of a gamma-lactam as a highly selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonist.
AID625290	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID77499	Relative spasmogenic potency in an in vitro guinea pig uteri assay.	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	N-(Methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxyprostaglandincarboxamides: tissue-selective, uterine stimulants.
AID77488	Relative ability to cause abortion in conscious guinea pigs compared to PGE-2.	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	N-(Methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxyprostaglandincarboxamides: tissue-selective, uterine stimulants.
AID679454	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of benzylpenicillin uptake by Prostaglandin E2 at a concentration of 1000uM in Oat3-expressing oocyte cells	2004	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Jun, Volume: 309, Issue:3	Mouse reduced in osteosclerosis transporter functions as an organic anion transporter 3 and is localized at abluminal membrane of blood-brain barrier.
AID625283	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID169149	Bone Formation rate/bone measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in proximal tibial metaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID500940	Upregulation of MPO gene expression in 39 to 40 degC heat-stimulated heterozygous transgenic zebrafish embryo after 1 hr by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID188656	Gastroprotection percentage taken from rat indomethacin damage model at a dose 0.25 mg/kg administered orally	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-08, Volume: 38, Issue:25	Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted flavones as gastroprotective agents.
AID500936	Effect on l-plastin gene expression in wild type zebrafish embryo at 20 uM treated 14 hrs post fertilization by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID118207	Relative potency of compound versus PGE-2 (0.3-3.0mg/mL, iv)for induction of diarrhoea in conscious mice	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	N-(Methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxyprostaglandincarboxamides: tissue-selective, uterine stimulants.
AID187624	Relative potency (50 ug/kg) for inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion in anesthetized rats	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	N-(Methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxyprostaglandincarboxamides: tissue-selective, uterine stimulants.
AID482504	Binding affinity to EP2 receptor	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Emerging targets in osteoporosis disease modification.
AID1147616	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as half life of formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 2 at 25 degC by HPLC analysis	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID419201	Agonist activity against rat EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP release	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Discovery of CP-533536: an EP2 receptor selective prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) agonist that induces local bone formation.
AID751652	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant prostanoid EP4 receptor in CHEM1 cells after 2 hrs	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID1434438	Induction of mechanical allodynia in Sprague-Dawley rat assessed as decrease in withdrawal threshold at 100 ng administered as intraplantar injection by Von Frey assay relative to control	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-01, Volume: 27, Issue:3	Chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of ω-hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids.
AID681042	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 0.05 uM, PGE2: 30 uM) in OAT3-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID58927	Compound versus PGE-2 (0.1 ug/kg, iv) was tested for effects on blood pressure in anesthetized dogs; Pressor	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	N-(Methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxyprostaglandincarboxamides: tissue-selective, uterine stimulants.
AID184460	Dose that reduces mean blood pressure by 15 mmHg (peak effect) in rat administered intravenously	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	Synthesis and biological activity of novel carbacyclins having bicyclic substituents on the omega-chain.
AID650869	Agonist activity at rat EP2 receptor	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs as potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual agonists.
AID169543	Mineral surface/bone surface measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in proximal tibial metaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID419214	Agonist activity against rat EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as stimulation of cAMP release	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Discovery of CP-533536: an EP2 receptor selective prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) agonist that induces local bone formation.
AID482505	Binding affinity to EP3 receptor	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Emerging targets in osteoporosis disease modification.
AID76906	Percent protection against histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in conscious guinea pig.	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	N-(Methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxyprostaglandincarboxamides: tissue-selective, uterine stimulants.
AID1336350	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	Structure-anticonvulsant activity studies in the group of (E)-N-cinnamoyl aminoalkanols derivatives monosubstituted in phenyl ring with 4-Cl, 4-CH
AID174788	Intravenous, antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats, Duration of action was determined at a compound dose of 30 ug/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID638218	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP1 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 20 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Discovery of a novel EP2/EP4 dual agonist with high subtype-selectivity.
AID310292	Binding affinity at human prostaglandin EP4 receptor	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 17, Issue:23	Synthesis and evaluation of novel pyrazolidinone analogs of PGE2 as EP2 and EP4 receptors agonists.
AID680361	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OCT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID187202	Periosteal mineralizing surface measured Histomorphometrically after a does of 6000 ug/kg in Tibial Diaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID129964	Compound was evaluated for diarrheal effect in mice (po administration)	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 29, Issue:10	Structure-activity studies of 16-methoxy-16-methyl prostaglandins.
AID625291	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID419200	Inhibition of rat EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Discovery of CP-533536: an EP2 receptor selective prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) agonist that induces local bone formation.
AID680321	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OATP-B-expressing HEK293 cells	2000	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Jun-24, Volume: 273, Issue:1	Molecular identification and characterization of novel members of the human organic anion transporter (OATP) family.
AID681173	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	2000	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Sep-07, Volume: 275, Issue:3	Molecular identification of a rat novel organic anion transporter moat1, which transports prostaglandin D(2), leukotriene C(4), and taurocholate.
AID680179	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of ES uptake (ES: 0.05 uM, PGE2: 30 uM) in OAT4-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID188853	Percent protection from gastric damage in rats relative to vehicle control following intraperitoneal administration of 20 mg/Kg	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-08, Volume: 38, Issue:25	Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted flavones as gastroprotective agents.
AID650866	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP2 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs as potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual agonists.
AID320753	Displacement of [3H]PGE4 from human EP4 receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of a gamma-lactam as a highly selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonist.
AID174914	Derived trabecular thickness measured using micro Computed Tomography(CT) after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Vertebral Bone	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID182629	Compound was evaluated for antisecretion activity using stomach perfusion test in the anesthetized rat (iv administration)	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 29, Issue:10	Structure-activity studies of 16-methoxy-16-methyl prostaglandins.
AID1587872	Agonist activity at human EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293T/17 cells assessed as increase in intracellular cAMP level incubated for 30 mins by ELISA	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-09, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Difluoromethylene at the γ-Lactam α-Position Improves 11-Deoxy-8-aza-PGE
AID681976	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 5 uM, PGE2: 1000 uM) in OCT2-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 301, Issue:1	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins.
AID681342	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	1999	The Journal of biological chemistry, Jun-11, Volume: 274, Issue:24	Identification of a novel gene family encoding human liver-specific organic anion transporter LST-1.
AID781326	pKa (acid-base dissociation constant) as determined by Avdeef ref: DOI: 10.1002/047145026X	2014	Pharmaceutical research, Apr, Volume: 31, Issue:4	Comparison of the accuracy of experimental and predicted pKa values of basic and acidic compounds.
AID308196	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs of PGE2 as potent and selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonists.
AID1587870	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant EP3 receptor expressed in HEK293 cell membranes after 120 mins by liquid scintillation counting method	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-09, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Difluoromethylene at the γ-Lactam α-Position Improves 11-Deoxy-8-aza-PGE
AID1135389	Binding affinity to prostanoid receptor in [8-14C]-adenine-treated CD-1 mouse ovary assessed as increase in c-AMP production at 0.05 ug/mL after 30 mins by paper chromatographic analysis in presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	11,12-Secoprostaglandins. 1. Acylhydroxyalkanoic acids and related compounds.
AID500947	Induction of AML1-ETO protein translation in 39 to 40 degC heat-stimulated heterozygous transgenic zebrafish assessed as phenotype appearance after 1 hr by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID1529429	Displacement of [3H]prostaglandin E2 from recombinant human full length EP4 receptor expressed in Chem-1 cell membranes after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-09, Volume: 61, Issue:15	Identification of a Selective, Non-Prostanoid EP2 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Glaucoma: Omidenepag and its Prodrug Omidenepag Isopropyl.
AID176282	Antisecretory activity in gastric fistula rat when administered per orally	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 32, Issue:9	Synthesis and biological activity of 3-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiulcer agents.
AID190807	Tissue area measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Tibial Diaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID1135388	Binding affinity to prostanoid receptor in [8-14C]-adenine-treated CD-1 mouse ovary assessed as increase in c-AMP production at 0.01 ug/mL after 30 mins by paper chromatographic analysis in presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	11,12-Secoprostaglandins. 1. Acylhydroxyalkanoic acids and related compounds.
AID500948	Induction of COX2-mediated AE beta-casein/TCF signaling in human K562 cells harboring AML1-ETO protein at 75 uM by luciferase reporter assay relative to control	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID227718	Binding energy by using the equation deltaG obsd = -RT ln KD	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Functional group contributions to drug-receptor interactions.
AID61421	Percent change in renal resistance in anesthetized dogs after infusion of compound at 60 nM/kg/min	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 26, Issue:3	Prostaglandin isosteres. 2. Chain-modified thiazolidinone prostaglandin analogues as renal vasodilators.
AID176446	Inhibition of ethanol induced gastric lesions in the rat following p.o. administration.	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8	Synthesis and biological activity of novel carbacyclins having bicyclic substituents on the omega-chain.
AID183524	Cytoprotective activity in rats when administered 0.10 mg/kg perorally per orally (Hydrochloric acid as necrotic agent)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 32, Issue:9	Synthesis and biological activity of 3-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiulcer agents.
AID61301	Percent change in renal resistance in anesthetized dogs after infusion of compound at 110 nM/kg/min	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 26, Issue:3	Prostaglandin isosteres. 2. Chain-modified thiazolidinone prostaglandin analogues as renal vasodilators.
AID191813	Trabecular thickness measured Histomorphometrically after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in proximal tibial metaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID360150	Inhibition of mouse Oat1-mediated [3H]PAH uptake in Xenopus oocytes after 1 hr	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33	Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members.
AID638220	Displacement of [3H]-PGE2 from mouse EP3 receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Discovery of a novel EP2/EP4 dual agonist with high subtype-selectivity.
AID174790	Intravenous, antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats, Duration of action was determined at a compound dose of 500 ug/kg; 25-30	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID1587874	Agonist activity at human EP4 receptor expressed in HEK293T/17 cells assessed as increase in GalphaS-mediated CREB activation measured after 6 to 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene-based chemiluminescence assay	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-09, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Difluoromethylene at the γ-Lactam α-Position Improves 11-Deoxy-8-aza-PGE
AID625282	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID681149	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	2001	Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, Nov, Volume: 443, Issue:2	Localization of organic anion transporting polypeptide 4 (Oatp4) in rat liver and comparison of its substrate specificity with Oatp1, Oatp2 and Oatp3.
AID360152	Activity of mouse Oat6 expressed in Xenopus oocytes assessed as drug uptake	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33	Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members.
AID1147610	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 3.50	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID346025	Binding affinity to beta cyclodextrin	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	Convenient QSAR model for predicting the complexation of structurally diverse compounds with beta-cyclodextrins.
AID752222	Binding affinity to human EP2 receptor (unknown origin) by radioligand displacement assay	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 21, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-acetamide stereoisomers as novel positive allosteric modulators of sigma-1 receptor.
AID625289	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID308192	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human EP1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15	Discovery of novel prostaglandin analogs of PGE2 as potent and selective EP2 and EP4 receptor agonists.
AID1151359	Binding affinity to EP2 receptor (unknown origin) by competitive binding assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID78360	Relative potency against bronchoconstrictions, induced by intravenous administration of histamine at doses 5.6-22.5 mg/kg in guinea pig.	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8	Prostaglandins and congeners. 22. Synthesis of 11-substituted derivatives of 11-deoxyprostaglandins E1 and E2. Potential bronchodilators.
AID682149	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in PGT-expressing HeLa cells	1996	The Journal of clinical investigation, Sep-01, Volume: 98, Issue:5	Cloning, in vitro expression, and tissue distribution of a human prostaglandin transporter cDNA(hPGT).
AID1192202	Activity at recombinant EP1 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHO cells co-expressing Gq protein at 100 nM by electrical cell substrate impedance sensing system	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Novel tail and head group prostamide probes.
AID174911	Derived trabecular no measured using micro Computed Tomography(CT) after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Vertebral Bone	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID678979	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OATP-E-expressing HEK293 cells	2000	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Jun-24, Volume: 273, Issue:1	Molecular identification and characterization of novel members of the human organic anion transporter (OATP) family.
AID169152	Bone Formation rate/tissue vol measured Histomorphometrically after a does of 6000 ug/kg in proximal tibial metaphysis	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID681371	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	2002	Molecular pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 62, Issue:1	Isolation, characterization and differential gene expression of multispecific organic anion transporter 2 in mice.
AID1336349	Displacement of [3H]PGE2 from human recombinant EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	Structure-anticonvulsant activity studies in the group of (E)-N-cinnamoyl aminoalkanols derivatives monosubstituted in phenyl ring with 4-Cl, 4-CH
AID186050	Intravenous antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats a dose of 100 ug/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID169296	Bone Volume /Tissue Volume (%)measured using micro Computed Tomography(CT) after a dose of 6000 ug/kg in Vertebral Bone	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
AID1147607	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at 12.61 x 10'-4 M at pH 5.50 at 25 degC by HPLC analysis	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID186055	Intravenous antihypertensive effect in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats a dose of 500 ug/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5	Prostaglandins and congeners, 29. (16RS)-(+/-)-15-Deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-prostaglandin E2, an orally and transdermally active hypotensive agent of prolonged duration.
AID1135390	Binding affinity to prostanoid receptor in [8-14C]-adenine-treated CD-1 mouse ovary assessed as increase in c-AMP production at 0.1 ug/mL after 30 mins by paper chromatographic analysis in presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	11,12-Secoprostaglandins. 1. Acylhydroxyalkanoic acids and related compounds.
AID360153	Activity of mouse Oat1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes assessed as drug uptake	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33	Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members.
AID500939	Downregulation of gata1 gene expression in 39 to 40 degC heat-stimulated heterozygous transgenic zebrafish embryo after 1 hr by in-situ hybridization analysis	2009	Nature chemical biology, Apr, Volume: 5, Issue:4	Discovering chemical modifiers of oncogene-regulated hematopoietic differentiation.
AID1135384	Binding affinity to prostanoid receptor in [8-14C]-adenine-treated CD-1 mouse ovary assessed as increase in c-AMP production at 10 ug/mL after 30 mins by paper chromatographic analysis in presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	11,12-Secoprostaglandins. 1. Acylhydroxyalkanoic acids and related compounds.
AID1151361	Binding affinity to EP3 receptor (unknown origin)	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID1147611	Chemical stability of the compound assessed as formation of prostaglandin A2 at pH 4.53	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 20, Issue:11	Prostaglandin prodrugs. 5.1 Prostaglandin E2 ethylene ketal.
AID625284	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1300196	Agonist activity at PK2-tagged human EP2 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of EA-tagged beta-arrestin recruitment incubated for 90 mins by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay	2016	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-10, Volume: 7, Issue:3	Discovery of G Protein-Biased EP2 Receptor Agonists.
AID681386	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in mOat3-expressing oocytes	2004	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 32, Issue:5	Renal transport of organic compounds mediated by mouse organic anion transporter 3 (mOat3): further substrate specificity of mOat3.
AID1151360	Binding affinity to EP1 receptor (unknown origin)	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Prostanoid receptor EP2 as a therapeutic target.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346377	Human DP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1998	British journal of pharmacology, Apr, Volume: 123, Issue:7	Characterization of the recombinant human prostanoid DP receptor and identification of L-644,698, a novel selective DP agonist.
AID1346396	Rat EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2005	British journal of pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 145, Issue:8	A Ser/Thr cluster within the C-terminal domain of the rat prostaglandin receptor EP3alpha is essential for agonist-induced phosphorylation, desensitization and internalization.
AID1346408	Human EP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan-17, Volume: 1483, Issue:2	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
AID1346372	Mouse EP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Endocrinology, Apr, Volume: 141, Issue:4	The role of prostaglandin E receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) in bone resorption: an analysis using specific agonists for the respective EPs.
AID1346308	Human EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1999	Molecular pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Importance of the extracellular domain for prostaglandin EP(2) receptor function.
AID1346307	Mouse EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Endocrinology, Apr, Volume: 141, Issue:4	The role of prostaglandin E receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) in bone resorption: an analysis using specific agonists for the respective EPs.
AID1346303	Mouse EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 122, Issue:2	Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AID1346427	Human EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1999	Molecular pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Importance of the extracellular domain for prostaglandin EP(2) receptor function.
AID1346427	Human EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2006	British journal of pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 148, Issue:3	GW627368X ((N-{2-[4-(4,9-diethoxy-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[f]isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]acetyl} benzene sulphonamide): a novel, potent and selective prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist.
AID1346303	Mouse EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Endocrinology, Apr, Volume: 141, Issue:4	The role of prostaglandin E receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) in bone resorption: an analysis using specific agonists for the respective EPs.
AID1346408	Human EP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2006	British journal of pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 148, Issue:3	GW627368X ((N-{2-[4-(4,9-diethoxy-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[f]isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]acetyl} benzene sulphonamide): a novel, potent and selective prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist.
AID1346353	Rat EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	European journal of pharmacology, Dec-11, Volume: 340, Issue:2-3	Molecular cloning and characterization of the four rat prostaglandin E2 prostanoid receptor subtypes.
AID1346396	Rat EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1994	FEBS letters, Aug-29, Volume: 351, Issue:1	Molecular cloning and expression of a prostaglandin E2 receptor of the EP3 beta subtype from rat hepatocytes.
AID1346372	Mouse EP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 122, Issue:2	Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AID1346326	Human DP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2002	British journal of pharmacology, Dec, Volume: 137, Issue:8	Molecular pharmacology of the human prostaglandin D2 receptor, CRTH2.
AID1346394	Human FP receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2003	The Biochemical journal, Apr-15, Volume: 371, Issue:Pt 2	Identification by site-directed mutagenesis of amino acids contributing to ligand-binding specificity or signal transduction properties of the human FP prostanoid receptor.
AID1346401	Mouse DP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2003	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 306, Issue:2	Expression and molecular pharmacology of the mouse CRTH2 receptor.
AID1346427	Human EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2007	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 322, Issue:2	CJ-023,423, a novel, potent and selective prostaglandin EP4 receptor antagonist with antihyperalgesic properties.
AID1346396	Rat EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	European journal of pharmacology, Dec-11, Volume: 340, Issue:2-3	Molecular cloning and characterization of the four rat prostaglandin E2 prostanoid receptor subtypes.
AID1346377	Human DP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1995	The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 270, Issue:32	Molecular cloning and characterization of the human prostanoid DP receptor.
AID1346343	Human EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan-17, Volume: 1483, Issue:2	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
AID1346498	Human CatSper4 (CatSper and Two-Pore channels)	2011	Nature, Mar-17, Volume: 471, Issue:7338	Progesterone activates the principal Ca2+ channel of human sperm.
AID1346448	Human CatSper2 (CatSper and Two-Pore channels)	2011	Nature, Mar-17, Volume: 471, Issue:7338	Progesterone activates the principal Ca2+ channel of human sperm.
AID1346427	Human EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2009	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Oct, Volume: 331, Issue:1	Functional selectivity of natural and synthetic prostaglandin EP4 receptor ligands.
AID1346394	Human FP receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan-17, Volume: 1483, Issue:2	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
AID1346425	Mouse FP receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 122, Issue:2	Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AID1346303	Mouse EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2003	Life sciences, Dec-05, Volume: 74, Issue:2-3	Functional domains essential for Gs activity in prostaglandin EP2 and EP3 receptors.
AID1346308	Human EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan-17, Volume: 1483, Issue:2	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
AID1346307	Mouse EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 122, Issue:2	Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AID1346408	Human EP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2002	The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Cloned human EP1 prostanoid receptor pharmacology characterized using radioligand binding techniques.
AID1346377	Human DP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan-17, Volume: 1483, Issue:2	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
AID1346396	Rat EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2008	American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, Oct, Volume: 295, Issue:4	Modulation of bladder function by prostaglandin EP3 receptors in the central nervous system.
AID1346462	Human CatSper1 (CatSper and Two-Pore channels)	2011	Nature, Mar-17, Volume: 471, Issue:7338	Progesterone activates the principal Ca2+ channel of human sperm.
AID1346345	Rat EP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	European journal of pharmacology, Dec-11, Volume: 340, Issue:2-3	Molecular cloning and characterization of the four rat prostaglandin E2 prostanoid receptor subtypes.
AID1346308	Human EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2006	British journal of pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 148, Issue:3	GW627368X ((N-{2-[4-(4,9-diethoxy-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[f]isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]acetyl} benzene sulphonamide): a novel, potent and selective prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist.
AID1346536	Human CatSper3 (CatSper and Two-Pore channels)	2011	Nature, Mar-17, Volume: 471, Issue:7338	Progesterone activates the principal Ca2+ channel of human sperm.
AID1346427	Human EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan-17, Volume: 1483, Issue:2	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
AID1346422	Human TP receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan-17, Volume: 1483, Issue:2	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
AID1346343	Human EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2006	British journal of pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 148, Issue:3	GW627368X ((N-{2-[4-(4,9-diethoxy-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[f]isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]acetyl} benzene sulphonamide): a novel, potent and selective prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist.
AID1346343	Human EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2008	American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, Oct, Volume: 295, Issue:4	Modulation of bladder function by prostaglandin EP3 receptors in the central nervous system.
AID1346318	Rat EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	European journal of pharmacology, Dec-11, Volume: 340, Issue:2-3	Molecular cloning and characterization of the four rat prostaglandin E2 prostanoid receptor subtypes.
AID1346343	Human EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2012	Biochemical pharmacology, Jul-01, Volume: 84, Issue:1	Binding and activity of the prostacyclin receptor (IP) agonists, treprostinil and iloprost, at human prostanoid receptors: treprostinil is a potent DP1 and EP2 agonist.
AID1346427	Human EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2000	British journal of pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 130, Issue:8	Pharmacological characterization of [(3)H]-prostaglandin E(2) binding to the cloned human EP(4) prostanoid receptor.
AID1346336	Mouse EP3 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 122, Issue:2	Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1346303	Mouse EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2004	The Journal of biological chemistry, Mar-19, Volume: 279, Issue:12	A cluster of aromatic amino acids in the i2 loop plays a key role for Gs coupling in prostaglandin EP2 and EP3 receptors.
AID1346318	Rat EP2 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1997	Prostaglandins, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Molecular cloning and expression of a rat prostaglandin E2 receptor of the EP2 subtype.
AID1346427	Human EP4 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	2012	Biochemical pharmacology, Jul-01, Volume: 84, Issue:1	Binding and activity of the prostacyclin receptor (IP) agonists, treprostinil and iloprost, at human prostanoid receptors: treprostinil is a potent DP1 and EP2 agonist.
AID1346345	Rat EP1 receptor (Prostanoid receptors)	1996	The Journal of biological chemistry, Dec-06, Volume: 271, Issue:49	Suppression of prostaglandin E receptor signaling by the variant form of EP1 subtype.
AID1345159	Human OATP2A1 (SLCO family of organic anion transporting polypeptides)	1998	The Journal of biological chemistry, Mar-20, Volume: 273, Issue:12	Mechanism of prostaglandin E2 transport across the plasma membrane of HeLa cells and Xenopus oocytes expressing the prostaglandin transporter "PGT".
AID588519	A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities	2011	Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3	High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID540299	A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21	Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID1802450	Oatp1d1 Transport Assay from Article 10.1074/jbc.M113.518506: \\Molecular characterization of zebrafish Oatp1d1 (Slco1d1), a novel organic anion-transporting polypeptide.\\	2013	The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 288, Issue:47	Molecular characterization of zebrafish Oatp1d1 (Slco1d1), a novel organic anion-transporting polypeptide.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	6167 (21.91)	18.7374
1990's	7675 (27.26)	18.2507
2000's	7265 (25.81)	29.6817
2010's	5894 (20.94)	24.3611
2020's	1151 (4.09)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	1,346 (4.62%)	5.53%
Reviews	1,110 (3.81%)	6.00%
Case Studies	216 (0.74%)	4.05%
Observational	26 (0.09%)	0.25%
Other	26,407 (90.73%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind Phase III Study of the Efficacy and Safety of the Misoprostol Vaginal Insert Compared to Cervidil for Women Requiring Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labor (The MVP Study). [NCT00308711]	Phase 3	1,308 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-04-30	Completed
Randomized Comparison of Vaginal Dinoprostone and Misoprostol for Cervical Ripening Before Diagnostic Hysteroscopy in Patients Who Have Undergone Cesarean Section [NCT03675802]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-23	Recruiting
Vaginal Dinoprostone Prior to Diagnostic Office Hysteroscopy in Postmenopausal Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial [NCT03683914]	Phase 4	102 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-30	Completed
Double Balloon Catheter Versus Vaginal PGE2 for Pre-induction Cervical Ripening: a Randomized Study. [NCT01170819]	Phase 4	210 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
Phase IV, Multicenter, Open Label, Randomized Trial to Compare the Effectiveness and Safety of the Dinoprostone Vaginal Pessary vs. Oxytocin for Women Requiring Cervical Ripening Prior to Induction of Labor [NCT01190163]	Phase 4	170 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Terminated(stopped due to Study was early terminated due to problems enrolling adequate number of patients)
Mode of Induction in Fetal Growth Restriction and Its Affects on Fetal and Maternal Outcomes [NCT03625518]	Early Phase 1	280 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Diclofenac Potassium With or Without Vaginal Dinoprostone Prior to Hysterosalpingography in Primarily Infertile Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04500509]		200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-09-01	Completed
Effects of Prophylactic Vaginal Dinoprostone Administration Prior to a T380A Intrauterine Device Insertion in Nulliparous Women. [NCT03686085]	Phase 3	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-30	Completed
Labor Induction With a Combined Method (Pharmacologic and Mechanical): Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03928600]		140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-01	Completed
Low-dose Vaginal Misoprostol Versus Vaginal Dinoprostone Insert for Induction of Labor Beyond 41st Week: a Randomized Trial [NCT03744364]	Phase 4	198 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-01	Completed
Prostaglandin Insert (Propess) Versus Trans-cervical Balloon Catheter for Out-patient Labour Induction: A Randomised Controlled Trial of Feasibility [NCT03199820]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-09-22	Active, not recruiting
Analysis of Contemporary Labor Patterns Measured Via Transperineal Ultrasonography [NCT02393144]		1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-02-28	Recruiting
Outpatient Cervical Ripening With Foley Catheter for Induction of Labour in Low Risk Women: a Quasi-experimental Study (OFC Study) [NCT05622968]		288 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Not yet recruiting
A Trial of Cervidil (Dinoprostone, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Insert) for Outpatient Pre-induction of Cervical Ripening in Women at 39.0-41.6 Weeks Gestation [NCT03806231]	Phase 3	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-07	Terminated(stopped due to Sponsor declined to provide further funding/product support.)
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Oral Misoprostol, Low Dose Vaginal Misoprostol and Vaginal Dinoprostone for Induction of Labour [NCT03489928]	Phase 3	511 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1999-04-01	Completed
Preoperative Vaginal Dinoprostone Versus Misoprostone to Decrease Bleeding During Abdominal Myomectomy [NCT05761418]	Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-01	Completed
Vaginal Dinoprostone Versus Vaginal Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide Prior to Diagnostic Office Hysteroscopy in Postmenopausal Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04500496]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-01	Recruiting
Benefits of Self-administered Vaginal Dinoprostone Administration 12 Hours Prior to Intrauterine Device Insertion in Adolescent and Young Women: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04079140]	Phase 4	130 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-15	Completed
Cervical Ripening Balloon in Induction of Labour at Term (CRBII) - A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02620215]	Phase 4	417 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Completed
Vaginal Dinoprostone Versus Vaginal Misoprostol Prior to Diagnostic Office Hysteroscopy in Postmenopausal Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04044079]	Phase 4	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-20	Completed
NITROGLYCERINE SKIN PATCH VS PLACEBO PATCH FOR ENHANCING CERVICAL RIPENING IN LABOR INDUCTION: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL [NCT03320187]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-31	Completed
Titrated Oral Misoprostol Compared to Vaginal Dinoprostone for Induction of Labor: a Randomized Control Trial [NCT02036437]	Phase 3	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Recruiting
[NCT02168881]		342 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Cervical Foley Catheter, Vaginal Dinoprostone and a Combination of the Two Methods for Induction of Labor [NCT02815865]		360 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Pilot, Comparative, Not Randomized, Two Centers Study Comparing the Efficiency of Cervical Ripening BALLoon (Cook) to the DINOprostone (Propess) for the Cervical Maturation in Case of Unfavorable Cervix (Bishop <6) in the Population of Obese Pregnant Wome [NCT02649920]		2 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Terminated
[NCT02618096]		154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-31	Completed
Determining the Optimal Time Interval Between Vaginal Dinoprostone Administration and Diagnostic Office Hysteroscopy in Nulliparous Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial [NCT04085757]	Phase 3	180 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-15	Completed
the Effectiveness of Preoperative Vaginal Dinoprostone in Reducing Blood Loss During Abdominal Myomectomy:a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04080375]	Phase 3	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-10	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Self-Administered Vaginal Dinoprostone on Pain Perception During Copper Intrauterine Device Insertion in Parous Women: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04046302]	Phase 4	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-30	Completed
Comparison of Vaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostone Prior to Copper Intrauterine Device Insertion in Nulliparous Women:a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04080336]	Phase 4	129 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-10	Completed
Induction of Labor in Oligohydramnios - A Comparison Between Two Modes of Cervical Ripening for Patients With Oligohydramnios at Term [NCT00815542]	Phase 3	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Not yet recruiting
Comparative Study Between Vaginal Dinoprostone and Vaginal Misoprostol Prior to IUD Insertion in Multiparous Women [NCT04301349]	Phase 3	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-15	Not yet recruiting
[NCT02685085]	Phase 2	300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Recruiting
Feasibility and Acceptability of the Combination of Propess and AN24 Monica for Outpatient Labour Induction (PRAM) [NCT01026948]		70 participants (Actual)	Observational	2009-01-31	Completed
Headache Inducing Characteristics and Possible Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow After Administration of Prostaglandin E2 in Migraine Suffers Without Aura. [NCT01384812]		12 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2010-09-30	Completed
Benefits of Vaginal Dinoprostone Administration Prior to Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine System Insertion in Women Delivered Only by Elective Cesarean Section: a Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial. [NCT04045548]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-10	Completed
Modalités de Déclenchement Des Patientes Obèses à Terme (MODOBAT) [NCT04299854]		77 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-06-11	Completed
Profile of Mother-caregivers of Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy [NCT01921374]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-08-31	Completed
Vaginal Dinoprostone Prior to Diagnostic Office Hysteroscopy in Primarily Infertile Patients:a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04042974]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-08-10	Not yet recruiting
Randomized Controlled Trial: Single Balloon Catheter Versus Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert for Induction of Labour of Women With a BMI Equal to or Greater Than 30 [NCT01962831]		41 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-31	Completed
A Randomised Controlled Trial of 24-Hours Vaginal Dinoprostone Pessary vs. Gel for Induction of Labour in Term Pregnancies With a Bishop Score ≤4 [NCT00843362]	Phase 4	133 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-12-31	Completed
Gemeprost Versus Dinoprostone in the Medical Management of First Trimester Miscarriages: a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05342467]	Phase 2	174 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-11	Recruiting
Comparison of Intracervical and Intravaginal Application of Prostaglandin E2 for Induction of Labour in Term Pregnancies With Unfavourable Cervix [NCT04280874]	Phase 4	212 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-10	Completed
Comparison of Cervical Ripening Balloon Versus 2nd Dinoprostone Insert for Labor Induction in Women With a Failed 1st Attempt of Induction With Dinoprostone. [NCT04597333]		144 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-10-15	Completed
[NCT02856724]	Phase 2	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Oxytocin vs. Prostaglandin for Induction of Labor in Primiparas With Prelabor Rupture of Membrane and Low Bishop Score: Randomized Control Study [NCT02801227]	Phase 4	68 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Not yet recruiting
A Comparison Between Labor Induction With Dinoprostone and a Cervical Ripening Balloon in Women With a BMI>30 as Oppose With a BMI<30. [NCT03033264]		164 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-01	Completed
Effect of a Single Preoperative Dose of Vaginal Dinoprostone on Intraoperative Blood Loss During Abdominal Hysterectomy:a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04080323]	Phase 3	118 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-25	Completed
Comparison of Vaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostone Prior to Copper Intrauterine Device Insertion in Women Delivered Only by Cesarean Delivery:a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04080349]	Phase 4	300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-10	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Hourly Titrated Misoprostol Versus Vaginal Dinoprostone and Misoprostol for Cervical Ripening and Labor Induction: Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT02902653]	Phase 4	372 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Recruiting
A Randomised Comparison Between Intravaginal Dinoprostone Intravaginal Misoprostol and Transcervical Balloon Catheter for Labour Induction [NCT00602095]	Phase 3	592 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-12-31	Completed
Administration of Prostaglandin Gel for Cervical Priming During Induction of Labour Every 12 Hours Versus 24 Hours: a Randomized Superiority Controlled Trial [NCT04413890]	Phase 2	268 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-17	Completed
Evaluating Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Versus Vaginal Dinoprostone in Reducing Intraoperative Blood Loss During Abdominal Myomectomy: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04357002]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-30	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Transcervical Foley Balloon Compared to Controlled Release Prostaglandin (Cervidil) for Labor Induction and Cervical Ripening in Term and Near Term Women [NCT01402050]		376 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Vaginal Dinoprostone Versus Lidocaine-prilocaine Cream in Copper IUD Insertion in Nulliparous Women: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04340778]	Phase 3	210 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-30	Not yet recruiting
Randomized Study on Removable PGE2 Vaginal Insert Versus PGE2 Intravaginal Gel for Cervical Priming and Labour Induction in Term Pregnancy [NCT00545194]	Phase 3	446 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-01-31	Completed
Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labor: a Randomized Controlled Trial of Combined Versus Sequential Use of Dinoprostone and Oxytocin. [NCT00504465]		210 participants	Interventional	2002-05-31	Completed
Premature Rupture of Membranes at Term With an Unfavorable Cervix (Bishop Score<6): Comparison of Oxytocin, Dinoprostone Induction and Expectant Management [NCT02825641]		458 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-01	Completed
Artificial Induction of Labour in Full-term Singleton Pregnancy : Comparative Randomized Clinical Trial of Two Strategies (DINO-FIRST Versus BALLON-FIRST) [NCT04452747]		450 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-16	Completed
[NCT01792375]		192 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
Comparison of Intravaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostol for the Purpose of Cervical Ripening Before Diagnostic Hysteroscopy in the Women at the Reproductive Age:RANDOMİSED,CONTROLLED PROSPECTİVE TRİAL [NCT01620814]	Phase 4	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Recruiting
[NCT03016442]	Phase 2	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Recruiting
Comparison Between 25 µg Vaginal Misoprostol Versus Slow Release Pessary Prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) : Could we Use Low Dose Vaginal Misoprostol as a First Line Treatment for Induction of Labor ? [NCT01765881]	Phase 2	1,700 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Completed
The Effectiveness and Safety of Double-balloon Versus Vaginal Prostaglandin for Cervical Ripening in Women With Low-risk Pregnancies: A Randomized Controlled Trial (DOBA-PRO) [NCT04747301]		540 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-01	Recruiting
Labour Induction With the Propess Vaginal Delivery System vs. Labour Induction With the Prostin Vaginal Tablet in Case of a Prelabour Rupture of Membranes. PESTIBOR Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04743297]	Phase 4	526 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Induction of Labour: A Comparison Between Propess Vaginal Delivery System and Prostin E2 Vaginal Suppositories, A Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT01635439]	Phase 3	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-12-31	Completed
Foley Catheter Versus Prostaglandin E2 Vaginal Suppository for Labor Induction at Term: a Pilot Study [NCT04780269]	Phase 4	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-31	Suspended(stopped due to understaffed)
Combined Use of the Controlled Release Dinoprostone Insert and Foley Catheter Compared to the Foley Catheter Alone for Cervical Ripening and Labor Induction in Term Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03111316]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-09	Completed
A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Synthetic Osmotic Cervical Dilator for Induction of Labour in Comparison to Dinoprostone Vaginal insErt: the SOLVE Trial [NCT03001661]	Phase 3	674 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-19	Completed
Phase III, Double-blind, Randomized, Multicenter Study of Exogenous Prostaglandin Comparing the Efficacy & Safety of the MVI 200 mcg Versus the Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI) for Reducing Time to Vaginal Delivery in Pregnant Women at Term [NCT01127581]	Phase 3	1,358 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-09-30	Completed
Comparison of Pre-Induction Cervical Ripening Using Prepidil Gel Administered Through a Urinary Balloon Catheter. [NCT01390233]		102 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-07-31	Completed
[NCT01596296]		154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
[NCT00432588]	Phase 1/Phase 2	0 participants	Interventional		Not yet recruiting
Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Lidocaine Spray Versus Vaginal Dinoprostone in Relieving Pain During Levonorgestrel IUD Insertion [NCT04339361]	Phase 4	111 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-25	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Misoprostol and PGE2 Gel for Induction of Labour in in Premature Rupture of Membranes at Term- A Randomized Comparative Trial [NCT00355303]	Phase 4	932 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-08-31	Completed
Cook´s Balloon Versus Dinoprostone for Labor Induction of Term Pregnancies With Fetal Growth Restriction (COLIGROW) [NCT05774236]	Phase 3	172 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-27	Recruiting
Concurrent Oxytocin With Membrane Sweeping Versus Dinoprostone Pessary in Labor Induction of Nulliparas at Term [NCT02416583]		140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-04-30	Completed
A Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase III Trial Investigating the Efficacy and Safety of FE 999901 Vaginal Insert in Pregnant Women at Term (41 Weeks of Gestation) Requiring Cervical Ripening [NCT03067727]	Phase 3	114 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-03	Completed
Efficacy of Induction of Labor on Term Using a Double Balloon Catheter Compared to Dinoprostone Vaginal-insert - a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT01720394]	Phase 4	253 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Recruiting
Is There an Interest in Repeating the Vaginal Administration of Dinoprostone (Propess®), to Promote Induction of Labor of Pregnant Women at Term? [NCT02888041]	Phase 3	161 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to Not enough patients)
A Multicentre, Open-label Phase III Trial Investigating the Efficacy and Safety of FE 999901 Vaginal Insert in Pregnant Women at Term (≥37 Weeks and <41 Weeks of Gestation) Requiring Cervical Ripening [NCT03067597]	Phase 3	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-22	Completed
What After the First Propess. A Randomised Comparative Prospective Study [NCT02956785]	Phase 2	85 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to Inability to recruit more women because of the COVID-19 and staffing/resources issues)
Induction of Labour With Dinoprostone vs. Expectant Management After Prelabour Rupture of Membranes at Term [NCT05430711]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-30	Not yet recruiting
Comparison Between Two Strategies of Induction in Case of Unfavourable Cervix After 12 Hours of Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) at Term: Cook Cervical Ripening + Oxytocine From 6 Hours Versus Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert [NCT03310333]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-02-14	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial	Outcome
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Duration of Stay in Minutes in Labor and Delivery Suite
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Minutes From Drug Insertion to Vaginal Delivery
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Minutes to Onset of Active Labor
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Minutes to Rupture of Membranes (ROM)
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With a Cesarean Section Delivery
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Cervical Ripening Success Based On Modified Bishop Score (mBS) 12 Hours After Administration of Vaginal Insert
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Pre-Delivery Oxytocin Use
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Days in Hospital for Mother and Neonate
NCT00308711 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Maternal/Fetal, Maternal (Post-Partum), and Neonatal Adverse Events
NCT01026948 (2) [back to overview]	Feasibility Defined as the Number of Eligible Women Who Are Successfully Monitored Remotely With Trans-abdominal Fetal Electrocardiogram (ECG) Monitoring Device (Monica AN24) While Undergoing Labour Induction.
NCT01026948 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Were Satisfied With Monitoring at Home
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Incidence of Any Delivery Within 12 Hours
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Incidence of Any Delivery Within 24 Hours
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Incidence of Cesarean Delivery During the First Hospital Admission
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Incidence of Pre-delivery Oxytocin During the First Hospital Admission
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Incidence of Vaginal Delivery
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Incidence of Vaginal Delivery Within 12 Hours
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Incidence of Vaginal Delivery Within 24 Hours
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Time to Active Labor During the First Hospital Admission
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Time to Any Delivery (Vaginal or Cesarean) During the First Hospital Admission
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Time to Vaginal Delivery During the First Hospital Admission
NCT01127581 (11) [back to overview]	Rate of Adverse Events
NCT01390233 (1) [back to overview]	Vaginal Delivery
NCT01402050 (1) [back to overview]	Time Of Start Of Induction Of Labor To Delivery
NCT01635439 (5) [back to overview]	Induction to Delivery Interval
NCT01635439 (5) [back to overview]	Induction to Onset of Labor Interval
NCT01635439 (5) [back to overview]	Need for Syntocinon Augmentation
NCT01635439 (5) [back to overview]	Normal Vaginal Delivery Rate
NCT01635439 (5) [back to overview]	Uterine Hyper-stimulation Rate
NCT03111316 (2) [back to overview]	The Median Times From Placement of Foley Catheter to Vaginal Delivery
NCT03111316 (2) [back to overview]	To Evaluate the Proportion of Patients That Delivered by 12 Hours and Proportion of Patients Delivered by 24 Hours

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	1683.6
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	2010
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	1729

Intervention	minutes (Median)
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	1595.5
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	2127
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	1649.5

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	1032.5
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	1343.7
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	1005.2

Intervention	minutes (Median)
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	1285.0
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	1364.0
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	1123

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	28
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	28
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	26

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	59
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	50
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	60

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	68.5
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	80.8
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	69.0

Intervention	days (Mean)
	Mother	Neonate
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	4.5	3.6
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	4.5	3.6
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	4.7	3.5

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
	Maternal/Fetal	Maternal (Post-Partum)	Neonatal
Cervidil 10 mg Vaginal Insert	65	27	27
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 100	65	29	29
Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (MVI) 50	64	26	24

Intervention	participants (Number)
Propess and Monica AN24 Care Package	62

Intervention	participants (Number)
Acceptability	46

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
MVI 200	23.16
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	9.26

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
MVI 200	67.70
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	40.74

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
MVI 200	25.96
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	27.06

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
MVI 200	48.1
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	74.1

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
MVI 200	73.30
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	71.62

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
MVI 200	19.76
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	8.38

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
MVI 200	54.57
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	33.97

Intervention	minutes (Median)
MVI 200	726.50
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	1116.50

Intervention	minutes (Median)
MVI 200	1096.50
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	1639.50

Intervention	minutes (Median)
MVI 200	1292.00
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	1968.50

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Subjects with an Intrapartum Adverse Events	Subjects with Maternal Postpartum Adverse Events	Subjects with Neonatal Adverse Events
Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert (DVI)	54.6	21.2	58.1
MVI 200	55.5	21.4	53.4

Intervention	participants (Number)
Urinary Balloon Catheter Only	20
Prepadil Only	21
Combined Urinary Catheter & Prepadil Gel	20

Intervention	hours (Median)
FOLEY BALLOON	21.6
CERVIDIL	26.6

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
acetylcarnitine Acetylcarnitine: An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS.	2.38	2	0	O-acylcarnitine	human metabolite
dinitrochlorobenzene Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions.	3.51	8	0	C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes	allergen; epitope; sensitiser
ethylene dichloride ethylene dichloride: RN given refers to 1,2-isomer; structure given in first source. 1,2-dichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes substituted by two chloro groups at positions 1 and 2.	2	1	0	chloroethanes	hepatotoxic agent; mutagen; non-polar solvent
2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. dihydroxybenzoic acid : Any member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives.. 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It occurs naturally in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta.	2.71	3	0	dihydroxybenzoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
provitamin c provitamin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; NM refers to (L-xylo)-isomer; structure	3.41	1	1	hexose
alpha-ketoglutaric acid 2-oxoglutaric acid : An oxo dicarboxylic acid that consists of glutaric acid bearing an oxo substituent at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in Krebs cycle.	2.91	4	0	oxo dicarboxylic acid	fundamental metabolite
acetoacetic acid acetoacetic acid : A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing a 3-oxo substituent.	1.98	1	0	3-oxo fatty acid; ketone body	metabolite
phosphoserine Phosphoserine: The phosphoric acid ester of serine.	2.7	3	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; O-phosphoamino acid; serine derivative	human metabolite
3-phenylpropionic acid 3-phenylpropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-phenylpropionic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 3 by a phenyl group.	2.39	2	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid	antifungal agent; human metabolite; plant metabolite
gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.	7.13	46	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule
4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol: the aglycone of gastrodin. p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol : A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It has been isolated from Arcangelisia gusanlung.	2.05	1	0	benzyl alcohols; phenols	plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydroxybenzaldehyde	EC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.	2.49	2	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; plant metabolite
aminolevulinic acid Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.	4.77	6	1	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid	antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
5-hydroxytryptophan 5-Hydroxytryptophan: The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.. 5-hydroxytryptophan : A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5.	1.96	1	0	hydroxytryptophan	human metabolite; neurotransmitter
ethylene glycol Ethylene Glycol: A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.. ethanediol : Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.. ethylene glycol : A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water.	2.05	1	0	ethanediol; glycol	metabolite; mouse metabolite; solvent; toxin
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	6.8	94	0	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.. acetaldehyde : The aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke.. aldehyde : A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group.. acetyl group : A group, formally derived from acetic acid by dehydroxylation, which is fundamental to the biochemistry of all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A, it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.	3.38	7	0	aldehyde	carcinogenic agent; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; electron acceptor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; oxidising agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; teratogenic agent
acetamide acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.	2.43	2	0	acetamides; carboximidic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).	2.66	3	0	ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
adenine [no description available]	4.69	28	0	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
adipic acid adipic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,4-dicarboxy derivative of butane.	2.03	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	food acidity regulator; human xenobiotic metabolite
agmatine Agmatine: Decarboxylated arginine, isolated from several plant and animal sources, e.g., pollen, ergot, herring sperm, octopus muscle.	2	1	0	guanidines; primary amino compound	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
allantoin [no description available]	2.67	3	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; vulnerary
ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.	6.26	11	1	azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.	5.21	50	0	acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
beta-alanine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; beta-amino acid	agonist; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; inhibitor; neurotransmitter
benzaldehyde [no description available]	2.73	3	0	benzaldehydes	EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; fragrance; odorant receptor agonist; plant metabolite
benzene [no description available]	2.93	4	0	aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	3.39	7	0	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
benzyl alcohol Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.. hydroxytoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. benzyl alcohol : An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.. aromatic alcohol : Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.. aromatic primary alcohol : Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.	3.11	5	0	benzyl alcohols	antioxidant; fragrance; metabolite; solvent
betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.	3.12	5	0	amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative	fundamental metabolite
bis(4-nitrophenyl)phosphate bis(4-nitrophenyl)phosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.46	1	1	aryl phosphate
bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	1.98	1	0	halide anion; monoatomic bromine
1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.	3.42	7	0	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent
butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.	3.94	13	0	fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
cadaverine [no description available]	1.97	1	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
carbamates [no description available]	2.94	4	0	amino-acid anion
carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas.	4.15	16	0	carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound	biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent
formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.	2.1	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent
carnitine [no description available]	3.95	13	0	amino-acid betaine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
catechol [no description available]	2.42	2	0	catechols	allelochemical; genotoxin; plant metabolite
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	4.09	3	1	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
choline [no description available]	7.74	12	1	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.	6.43	16	3	tricarboxylic acid	antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	11.42	208	5	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.	8.19	81	1	chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride	mouse metabolite
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	3.04	4	0	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	7.12	27	1	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
3-cresol 3-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. m-cresol : A cresol with the methyl substituent at position 3. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.	2.05	1	0	cresol	human xenobiotic metabolite
phloroglucinol Phloroglucinol: A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primarily as a laboratory reagent.. phloroglucinol : A benzenetriol with hydroxy groups at position 1, 3 and 5.	4.92	8	1	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	algal metabolite
2-aminoacetaldehyde 2-aminoacetaldehyde: structure. 2-aminoacetaldehyde : An amino aldehyde that is acetaldehyde in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by an amino group.	1.96	1	0	amino aldehyde; omega-aminoaldehyde	Escherichia coli metabolite
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	5.04	41	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
octanoic acid octanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1764. octanoic acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid.	2.38	2	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	antibacterial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen Sulfide: A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). hydrogen sulfide : A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.. thiol : An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety.	5.49	14	1	gas molecular entity; hydracid; mononuclear parent hydride; sulfur hydride	Escherichia coli metabolite; genotoxin; metabolite; signalling molecule; toxin; vasodilator agent
4-aminophenol 4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.	2.44	2	0	aminophenol	allergen; metabolite
dihydrolipoic acid dihydrolipoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. dihydrolipoic acid : A thio-fatty acid that is reduced form of lipoic acid. A potent antioxidant shown to directly destroy superoxide, hydroperoxy and hydroxyl radicals; also has neuroprotective and anti-tumour effects.. dihydrolipoate : The conjugate base of dihydrolipoic acid.	2.45	2	0	thio-fatty acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent
trimethylenediamine trimethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. trimethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine comprising a propane skeleton with amino substituents at positions 1 and 3.	1.96	1	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; reagent
oxoamide oxoamide: cotinine metabolite; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	aromatic ketone
3-hydroxybutyric acid 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.. 3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics.	2.94	4	0	(omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid; 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid	human metabolite
bupropion Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	3.9	4	0	aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
guaiacol Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.	3.13	5	0	guaiacols	disinfectant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; expectorant; plant metabolite
hippuric acid hippuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4591. N-benzoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl.	2.42	2	0	N-acylglycine	human blood serum metabolite; uremic toxin
methylmalonic acid Methylmalonic Acid: A malonic acid derivative which is a vital intermediate in the metabolism of fat and protein. Abnormalities in methylmalonic acid metabolism lead to methylmalonic aciduria. This metabolic disease is attributed to a block in the enzymatic conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA.. methylmalonic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.	2.07	1	0	C4-dicarboxylic acid	human metabolite
malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.	2.6	1	0	2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
propionaldehyde propionaldehyde: may cause respiratory irritation; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. propanal : An aldehyde that consists of ethane bearing a formyl substituent. The parent of the class of propanals.	2	1	0	alpha-CH2-containing aldehyde; propanals	Escherichia coli metabolite
phosphoglycolate phosphoglycolate: RN given refers to parent acid. 2-phosphoglycolic acid : The O-phospho derivative of glycolic acid.	1.96	1	0	carboxyalkyl phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-nitrobenzaldehyde 4-nitrobenzaldehyde: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-nitrobenzaldehyde : A C-nitro compound that is benzaldehyde substituted at the para-position with a nitro group.	1.96	1	0	benzaldehydes; C-nitro compound
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents.	3.12	5	0	catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid	human metabolite
aminocaproic acid Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.	3.24	6	0	amino acid zwitterion; epsilon-amino acid; omega-amino fatty acid	antifibrinolytic drug; hematologic agent; metabolite
dibenzofuran Dibenzofurans: Compounds that include the structure of dibenzofuran.. dibenzofurans : Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.. dibenzofuran : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a furan ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.	2.42	2	0	dibenzofurans; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	xenobiotic
creatine [no description available]	5.32	7	2	glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical
cytosine [no description available]	2	1	0	aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alanine [no description available]	2	1	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion	fundamental metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	9.94	58	6	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	4.86	34	0	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
ethanolamine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	ethanolamines; primary alcohol; primary amine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	6.54	45	0	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane Lindane: An organochlorine insecticide made up of greater than 99% gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane. It has been used as a pediculicide and scabicide, and shown to cause cancer.. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane : The beta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane.	2.68	3	0	chlorocyclohexane
glutaric acid glutaric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glutaric acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is a linear five-carbon dicarboxylic acid.	2.93	4	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite
glycine [no description available]	6.88	36	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
glyceraldehyde Glyceraldehyde: An aldotriose containing the propionaldehyde structure with hydroxy groups at the 2- and 3-positions. It is involved in the formation of ADVANCED GLYCOSYLATION END PRODUCTS.. glyceraldehyde : An aldotriose comprising propanal having hydroxy groups at the 2- and 3-positions. It plays role in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), a deleterious accompaniment to ageing.. aldose : Aldehydic parent sugars (polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H, n >= 2) and their intramolecular hemiacetals.	1.98	1	0	aldotriose	fundamental metabolite
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	4.76	31	0	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
alpha-glycerophosphoric acid [no description available]	2.67	3	0	glycerol monophosphate	algal metabolite; human metabolite
glycolic acid glycolic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glycolic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid where the methyl group has been hydroxylated.	2.46	2	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; primary alcohol	keratolytic drug; metabolite
glycocyamine glycocyamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. guanidinoacetate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of guanidinoacetic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. guanidinoacetic acid : The N-amidino derivative of glycine.	1.97	1	0	guanidinoacetic acids; zwitterion	bacterial metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; rat metabolite
hydrogen carbonate Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.	12.25	175	4	carbon oxoanion	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dalteparin Dalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.37	1	1
histamine [no description available]	15.4	442	9	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	6.07	16	2	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
hydroquinone [no description available]	5.47	8	2	benzenediol; hydroquinones	antioxidant; carcinogenic agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; skin lightening agent
imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1.	4.05	15	0	imidazole
indole [no description available]	2	1	0	indole; polycyclic heteroarene	Escherichia coli metabolite
indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.	2.5	2	0	indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid	auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite
iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..	3.23	6	0	diatomic iodine	nutrient
dihydroxyphenylalanine Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.	2.57	2	0	hydroxyphenylalanine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; tyrosine derivative	human metabolite
kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.	2.81	3	0	aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline	human metabolite
lipoamide Lipozyme: lipase from Rhizomucor miehei immobilized on anion exchange resin	2.06	1	0	dithiolanes; monocarboxylic acid amide	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.	5.76	7	1	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid	fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
malonic acid malonic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.. dicarboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups.	2.46	2	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	human metabolite
methylmercaptan methylmercaptan: intermediate in the manufacturing of jet fuels, pesticides, fungicides, plastics, synthesis of methionine; odor may cause nausea; narcotic in high concentrations; depresses urea biosynthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.98	1	0	alkanethiol	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyruvaldehyde Pyruvaldehyde: An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.. methylglyoxal : A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal.	2.77	3	0	2-oxo aldehyde; propanals	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	6.78	55	0	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
phytic acid Phytic Acid: Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent.. myo-inositol hexakisphosphate : A myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in which each hydroxy group of myo-inositol is monophosphorylated.	2.15	1	0	inositol phosphate
inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.	4.06	15	0	cyclitol; hexol
melatonin [no description available]	13.19	47	1	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
croton oil [no description available]	3.29	6	0	N-acyl-hexosamine
acetanilide acetanilide: a phenylacetamide; use ACETANILIDES for the plural group meaning of the singular term. N-phenylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.73	3	0	acetamides; anilide	analgesic
naphthalene [no description available]	2.41	2	0	naphthalenes; ortho-fused bicyclic arene	apoptosis inhibitor; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28.	5.6	17	1	metal allergen; nickel group element atom	epitope; micronutrient
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	3.8	11	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.	5.3	17	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3	antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	8.36	64	2	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
nitric acid Nitric Acid: Nitric acid (HNO3). A colorless liquid that is used in the manufacture of inorganic and organic nitrates and nitro compounds for fertilizers, dye intermediates, explosives, and many different organic chemicals. Continued exposure to vapor may cause chronic bronchitis; chemical pneumonitis may occur. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nitric acid : A nitrogen oxoacid of formula HNO3 in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to a hydroxy group and by equivalent bonds to the remaining two oxygen atoms.	1.99	1	0	nitrogen oxoacid	protic solvent; reagent
nitroxyl nitroxyl: hydroxamic acid oxidized to nitroxyl free radical. nitroxyl : A nitrogen oxoacid consisting of an oxygen atom double-bonded to an NH group.	2.03	1	0	nitrogen oxoacid
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	11.44	210	2	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species	human metabolite
nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.. dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream.	4.21	5	0	gas molecular entity; nitrogen oxide	analgesic; bacterial metabolite; food packaging gas; food propellant; general anaesthetic; greenhouse gas; inhalation anaesthetic; NMDA receptor antagonist; raising agent; refrigerant; vasodilator agent
n,n-dimethylaniline N,N-dimethylaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. dimethylaniline : A methylaniline carrying at least two methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylaniline : A tertiary amine that is aniline in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.	2.05	1	0	dimethylaniline; tertiary amine
1-octanol 1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.	2.05	1	0	octanol; primary alcohol	antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite; fuel additive; kairomone; plant metabolite
hydroxide ion [no description available]	2.42	2	0	oxygen hydride	mouse metabolite
orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
oxaloacetic acid Oxaloacetic Acid: A dicarboxylic acid ketone that is an important metabolic intermediate of the CITRIC ACID CYCLE. It can be converted to ASPARTIC ACID by ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE.. oxaloacetic acid : An oxodicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing a single oxo group.	2.01	1	0	C4-dicarboxylic acid; oxo dicarboxylic acid	geroprotector; metabolite
oxalic acid Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.	2.39	2	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
oxamic acid Oxamic Acid: Amino-substituted glyoxylic acid derivative.. oxamic acid : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with ammonia.	1.99	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoamide	Escherichia coli metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.	3.86	4	0	aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion	allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pyruvic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group.	2.03	1	0	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; phenols	human metabolite
4-nitrophenol 4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.	2.05	1	0	4-nitrophenols	human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.	4.14	16	0	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
parathion [no description available]	2.08	1	0	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite
phenol [no description available]	3.51	8	0	phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenylpyruvic acid phenylpyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenylpyruvate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from deprotonation of the carboxy group of either keto- or enol-phenylpyruvic acid.. keto-phenylpyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropanoic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in the phenylalanine pathway.	2.03	1	0	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid	chromogenic compound; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
phenylacetic acid phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.	2.74	3	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid; phenylacetic acids	allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; auxin; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; toxin
phenethylamine phenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7016. 2-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine having the phenyl substituent at the 2-position.	1.96	1	0	alkaloid; aralkylamine; phenylethylamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phosphoric acid phosphoric acid: concise etchant is 37% H3PO4. phosphoric acid : A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom.	1.96	1	0	phosphoric acids	algal metabolite; fertilizer; human metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent
phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvate: A monocarboxylic acid anion derived from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid. It is a metabolic intermediate in GLYCOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS; and other pathways.. phosphoenolpyruvate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resuting from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid.. phosphoenolpyruvic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid substituted by a phosphonooxy group at position 2. It is a metabolic intermediate in pathways like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.	1.96	1	0	carboxyalkyl phosphate; monocarboxylic acid	fundamental metabolite
phosphorylcholine Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.	2.92	4	0	phosphocholines	allergen; epitope; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phthalic acid phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions.	2.47	2	0	benzenedicarboxylic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite
picolinic acid picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan.	2.41	2	0	pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; MALDI matrix material
pqq cofactor PQQ Cofactor: A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES.. pyrroloquinoline quinone : A pyrroloquinoline having oxo groups at the 4- and 5-positions and carboxy groups at the 2-, 7- and 9-positions.	2.1	1	0	orthoquinones; pyrroloquinoline cofactor; tricarboxylic acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; water-soluble vitamin (role)
1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.42	2	0	propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	metabolite; protic solvent
propionic acid propionic acid : A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group.	2.94	4	0	saturated fatty acid; short-chain fatty acid	antifungal drug
pteridines [no description available]	2.39	2	0	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; pteridines
putrescine [no description available]	6.02	6	1	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyrazole 1H-pyrazole : The 1H-tautomer of pyrazole.	3.21	5	0	pyrazole
pyridine azine : An organonitrogen compound of general structure RCH=N-N=CHR or RR'C=N-N=CRR'.	2.44	2	0	azaarene; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; pyridines	environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound
pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.	3.39	7	0	methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate	coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxamine [no description available]	3.57	2	0	aminoalkylpyridine; hydroxymethylpyridine; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; iron chelator; mouse metabolite; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).	2.92	4	0	hydroxymethylpyridine; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyrogallol benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.	2.42	2	0	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	plant metabolite
pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.	4.65	6	1	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid	cofactor; fundamental metabolite
dimethyl sulfide dimethyl sulfide: structure. dimethyl sulfide : A methyl sulfide in which the sulfur atom is substituted by two methyl groups. It is produced naturally by some marine algae.. methyl sulfide : Any aliphatic sulfide in which at least one of the organyl groups attached to the sulfur is a methyl group.	2	1	0	aliphatic sulfide	algal metabolite; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; marine metabolite
thiosulfates Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid.	1.98	1	0	divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion	human metabolite
selenic acid Selenic Acid: A strong dibasic acid with the molecular formula H2SeO4. Included under this heading is the acid form, and inorganic salts of dihydrogen selenium tetraoxide.	2.03	1	0	selenium oxoacid
sulfites Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3).	4.81	7	1	divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion
spermidine [no description available]	6.6	6	2	polyazaalkane; triamine	autophagy inducer; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
spermine [no description available]	6.4	9	1	polyazaalkane; tetramine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
succinic acid Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.	3.3	6	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent
sulfur dioxide Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant.	2.49	2	0	sulfur oxide	Escherichia coli metabolite; food bleaching agent; refrigerant
taurine [no description available]	4.26	18	0	amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion	antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.	3.38	2	0	primary alcohol; vitamin B1	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thymine [no description available]	2.41	1	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	2.71	3	0	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
trimethylamine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	methylamines; tertiary amine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite
tryptophan [no description available]	2.1	1	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; aminoalkylindole; aromatic amino acid; polar amino acid	Daphnia magna metabolite
tryptamine [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aminoalkylindole; aralkylamino compound; indole alkaloid; tryptamines	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	3.25	6	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	8.98	40	2	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	8.04	41	1	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
xanthine 7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated.. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated.	2.41	2	0	xanthine	Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydroxyflavan
epibatidine [no description available]	2.48	2	0	alkaloid
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors.	3.4	7	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	NMDA receptor antagonist
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin: A serotonin 1A-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin.. 8-OH-DPAT : A tetralin substituted at positions 1 and 7 by hydroxy and dipropylamino groups respectively	3.55	8	0	phenols; tertiary amino compound; tetralins	serotonergic antagonist
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid: An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.	3.28	6	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd without isomeric designation; a serotonin agonist. 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methylethylamine : An organoiodine compound that is amphetamine bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 5 as well as an iodo substituent at position 4.	3.33	6	0	amphetamines; dimethoxybenzene; organoiodine compound
ibotenic acid Ibotenic Acid: A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.	2.03	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	neurotoxin
gallopamil Gallopamil: Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.	3.19	5	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
normetanephrine Normetanephrine: A methylated metabolite of norepinephrine that is excreted in the urine and found in certain tissues. It is a marker for tumors.	2.36	2	0	catecholamine
sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393	2.4	2	0	benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound
vanilmandelic acid Vanilmandelic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It is an end-stage metabolite of CATECHOLAMINES; EPINEPHRINE; and NOREPINEPHRINE.. vanillylmandelic acid : An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid.	2.37	2	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; phenols	human metabolite
menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.	3.41	7	0	p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol	volatile oil component
1,2-dimethylhydrazine 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine: A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental animals.. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine : A member of the class of hydrazines that is hydrazine in which one of the hydrogens attached to each nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group. A powerful DNA alkylating agent and carcinogen, it is used to induce colon cancer in laboratory rats and mice.	3.72	10	0	hydrazines	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent
1,2-dioctanoylglycerol 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol: functions as bioregulator of protein kinase C in human platelets	3.48	8	0
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group.	3.75	10	0	oxopurine	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
s,s'-1,4-phenylene-bis(1,2-ethanediyl)bis-isothiourea S,S'-1,4-phenylene-bis(1,2-ethanediyl)bis-isothiourea: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline 1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline: structure in first source. isoquinoline-1,5-diol : An isoquinolinol that is isoquinoline in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by hydroxy groups.	2.03	1	0	isoquinolinol	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
pk 11195 PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine	3.19	5	0	aromatic amide; isoquinolines; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent
my 5445 MY 5445: potential platelet aggregation inhibitor	2.39	2	0	pyridazines; ring assembly
1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-3-methylpiperazine 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-3-methylpiperazine: a positional isomer of H-7; inhibits protein kinase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase	2	1	0
1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide 1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide: RN given refers to parent cp; a 5-HT3 receptor agonist	2.41	2	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.	5.31	17	0	aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid	fluorescent probe
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4.	2.75	3	0	methylpyridines; phenylpyridine; tetrahydropyridine	neurotoxin
edelfosine edelfosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. edelfosine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-edelfosine.. 1-octadecyl-2-methylglycero-3-phosphocholine : A glycerophosphocholine that is glycero-3-phosphocholine substituted at positions 1 and 2 by octadecyl and methyl groups respectively.	2.92	4	0	glycerophosphocholine
14,15-epoxy-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid 14,15-epoxy-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.68	3	0	long-chain fatty acid
n-(3-(aminomethyl)benzyl)acetamidine N-(3-(aminomethyl)benzyl)acetamidine: structure in first source. N-[3-(aminomethyl)benzyl]acetamidine : An aralkylamine that is Nbenzylacetamidine substituted at position 3 on the benzene ring by an aminomethyl group. An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase.	3.28	6	0	aralkylamine; carboxamidine; primary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector
17-octadecynoic acid octadec-17-ynoic acid : An acetylenic fatty acid that is octadecanoi acid (stearic acid) which has been doubly dehydrogenated at positions 17 and 18 to give the corresponding alkynoic acid.	2.39	2	0	acetylenic fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid; monounsaturated fatty acid; terminal acetylenic compound	EC 1.14.14.94 (leukotriene-B4 20-monooxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.15.3 (alkane 1-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
1h-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one: structure given in first source; inhibits guanylyl cyclase. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one : A member of the class of oxadiazoloquinoxalines that is 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline substituted at position 1 by an oxo group.	4.03	14	0	oxadiazoloquinoxaline	EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines.	2.5	2	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; dichlorobenzene	agrochemical; defoliant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.	2.66	3	0	dinitrophenol	allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
2-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4h-1,3-thiazine 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4H-1,3-thiazine: a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0	1,3-thiazine
mercaptoethanol Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation.	2.66	3	0	alkanethiol; primary alcohol	geroprotector
2-methyl-5-ht 2-methyl-5-HT: M-receptor agonist	2	1	0	tryptamines	serotonergic agonist
2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate: is a novel membrane-penetrable modulator and transient receptor potential channel blocker; structure in first source; do not confuse with 2-APB cpd. 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane : An organoboron compound that is diphenylborane in which the borane hydrogen is replaced by a 2-aminoethoxy group.	2.8	3	0	organoboron compound; primary amino compound	calcium channel blocker; IP3 receptor antagonist; potassium channel opener
zopolrestat zopolrestat: structure given in first source	2.73	3	0
3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine: An amphetamine derivative that inhibits uptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters. It is a hallucinogen. It is less toxic than its methylated derivative but in sufficient doses may still destroy serotonergic neurons and has been used for that purpose experimentally.	2.39	2	0	benzodioxoles
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine: An N-substituted amphetamine analog. It is a widely abused drug classified as a hallucinogen and causes marked, long-lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. It is commonly referred to as MDMA or ecstasy.. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole substituted by a 2-(methylamino)propyl group at position 5.	2.79	3	0	amphetamines; benzodioxoles	neurotoxin
amitrole Amitrole: A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.. amitrole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an amino group at position 3. Used to control annual grasses and aquatic weeds (but not on food crops because it causes cancer in laboratory animals). Its use within the EU was banned from September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; triazoles	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; EC 1.11.1.6 (catalase) inhibitor; herbicide
aminopropionitrile Aminopropionitrile: Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.	2.1	1	0	aminopropionitrile	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; collagen cross-linking inhibitor; plant metabolite
3-bromo-7-nitroindazole [no description available]	2.05	1	0
3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine: decarboxylase inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.38	2	0	phenols
3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.	3.78	11	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
enprofylline enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.	3.07	5	0	oxopurine	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3-nitropropionic acid 3-nitropropionic acid: succinate dehydrogenase inactivator; biosynthesized by FABACEAE plants from ASPARAGINE. 3-nitropropanoic acid : A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.	2.49	2	0	C-nitro compound	antimycobacterial drug; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; mycotoxin; neurotoxin
4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride [no description available]	2.73	3	0
4-aminopyridine [no description available]	3.61	9	0	aminopyridine; aromatic amine	avicide; orphan drug; potassium channel blocker
p-chloromercuribenzoic acid p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid: An organic mercurial used as a sulfhydryl reagent.	2.38	2	0	chlorine molecular entity; mercuribenzoic acid
4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium 4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium: muscarinic receptor antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; do not confuse abbreviation 4-DAMP with a similar cpd which does not contain dimethyl groups. 4-DAMP(1+) : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by formal methylation of the tertiary amino function of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine.	2.73	3	0	quaternary ammonium ion	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite.	3.13	5	0	guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide: do not confuse with DMPO (4',5'-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4-phenyl-5,2'-oxidocoumarin). 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide : A member of the class of 1-pyrroline nitrones (1-pyrroline N-oxides) resulting from the formal N-oxidation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline. Used as a spin trap for the study of radicals formed by enzymatic acetaldehyde oxidation.	2	1	0	1-pyrroline nitrones	neuroprotective agent; spin trapping reagent
phenytoin [no description available]	3.99	14	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a).	5.71	27	0	long-chain fatty acid
5,8,11-eicosatriynoic acid 5,8,11-eicosatriynoic acid: a lipoxygenase inhibitor. 5,8,11-icosatriynoic acid : A C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having three triple bonds in the 5-, 8- and 11-positions.	1.97	1	0	acetylenic fatty acid; icosanoid; long-chain fatty acid; polyunsaturated fatty acid	EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
5-dimethylamiloride 5-dimethylamiloride: has anti-HIV-1 activity	2.05	1	0
5-(n,n-hexamethylene)amiloride 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride: inhibitor of Na+-H+ exchange; has anti-HIV-1 activity. 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the two amino hydrogens at position N-5 are replaced by a hexamethylene moiety, resulting in the formation of an azepane ring.	1.97	1	0	aromatic amine; azepanes; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; odorant receptor antagonist; sodium channel blocker
ethylisopropylamiloride ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group.	2.4	2	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; neuroprotective agent; sodium channel blocker
hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.	3.25	6	0	indole-3-acetic acids	drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
7-nitroindazole 7-nitroindazole: an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase; exhibits anti-nociceptive activity without increasing blood pressure	2.73	3	0
8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline: adenosine antagonist	2.08	1	0
8-phenyltheophylline 8-phenyltheophylline: purinergic P1 receptor antagonist	2.67	3	0
oxyquinoline Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.	2.07	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline	antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug; iron chelator
tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.95	4	0	acridines; aromatic amine	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
aa 861 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone: structure given in first source. docebenone : A member of the class of benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens are substituted by three methyl groups and a 12-hydroxydodeca-5,10-diyn-1-yl group.	4.69	11	0	1,4-benzoquinones; acetylenic compound; primary alcohol	EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor
2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane): water-soluble free-radical initiator	2.44	2	0	monoazo compound
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	2.48	2	0	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acemetacin acemetacin : A carboxylic ester that is the carboxymethyl ester of indometacin. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and low back pain, as well as for postoperative pain and inflammation. Its activity is due to both acemetacin and its major metabolite, indometacin.	2.68	3	0	carboxylic ester; indol-3-yl carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	12.48	81	14	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetarsol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	acetamides; anilide
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	5.85	23	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.	2.46	2	0	acetophenones; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.4	2	0	acetohydroxamic acids; carbohydroximic acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
6-acetylaminocaproic acid 6-acetylaminocaproic acid: wound-healing agent component of plasmutan	3.07	5	0	medium-chain fatty acid
ethacridine Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent.	10.19	6	2	acridines
4-(acetylamino)benzeneacetic acid [no description available]	2.69	3	0	acetamides; anilide
adiphenine adiphenine: was heading 1963-94; use DIPHENYLACETIC ACIDS to search ADIPHENINE 1966-94	2.07	1	0	diarylmethane
adrenic acid adrenic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.65	3	0	docosatetraenoic acid	mouse metabolite
tyrphostin ag 1024 tyrphostin AG 1024: modulates radiosensitivity in human breast cancer cells; also an IGF1 receptor inhibitor	2.08	1	0	alkylbenzene
ag 127 tyrphostin AG 126: inhibits development of postoperative ileus induced by surgical manipulation of murine colon	2.02	1	0	nitrophenol
ag-1296 6,7-dimethoxy-3-phenylquinoxaline: ATP-competitive inhibitor of receptor kinase	2.1	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
tyrphostin a23 tyrphostin A23: inhibits EGF-stimulated thymidine incorporation as well as EGF-stimulated receptor autophosphorylation & tyrosine phosphorylation & cell proliferation; structure given in first source	2.39	2	0	catechols
tyrphostin 25 [no description available]	2.68	3	0	benzenetriol
aklomide aklomide: structure	2.07	1	0	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
albendazole [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	anthelminthic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).	7.42	64	2	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alendronate alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.	5.74	11	2	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); primary amino compound	bone density conservation agent; EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin alfuzosin: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; quinazolines; tetrahydrofuranol	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
alminoprofen alminoprofen: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alminoprofen : A substituted aniline that is ibuprofen in which the isobutyl group is replaced by a (2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)amino group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used for treatment of inflammatory and rheumatic disorders.	2.67	3	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
alpha-methylserotonin alpha-methylserotonin: potent agonist at M & D receptors of serotonin; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1	0	tryptamines	serotonergic agonist
alpha-methylornithine alpha-methylornithine: inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	2.04	1	0	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
alprenolol Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.	2.7	3	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	2.07	1	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
aluminum fluoride [no description available]	3.24	6	0	aluminium coordination entity
am 251 AM 251: an analog of SR141716A; structure given in first source. AM-251 : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 1-aminopiperidine. An antagonist at the CB1 cannabinoid receptor.	5.66	9	0	amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; organoiodine compound; pyrazoles	antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; CB1 receptor antagonist
amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source	2.77	3	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic
ambroxol Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
amfenac amfenac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. amfenac : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is benzophenone in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by an amino group and a carboxymethyl group at position 2 and 3, respectively. The corresponding carboxamide, nepafenac, is a prodrug of amfenac and is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.	5.44	5	1	amino acid; benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	2.38	2	0	acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.	4.01	4	0	diamine; organic thiophosphate	antioxidant; prodrug; radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.	2.73	3	0	dicarboximide; piperidones; substituted aniline	adrenergic agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.	4.9	35	0	guanidines; one-carbon compound	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.	7.35	32	4	N-acylglycine	Daphnia magna metabolite
ampyrone Ampyrone: A metabolite of AMINOPYRINE with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used as a reagent for biochemical reactions producing peroxides or phenols. Ampyrone stimulates LIVER MICROSOMES and is also used to measure extracellular water.	2.68	3	0	primary amino compound; pyrazolone	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; marine xenobiotic metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
theophylline [no description available]	8.99	111	1	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
2-aminothiazole 2-aminothiazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,3-thiazol-2-amine : A primary amino compound that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by an amino group at position 2.	2.07	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; primary amino compound
amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.	2.77	3	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiovascular drug
dan 2163 [no description available]	2.1	1	0	aromatic amide; aromatic amine; benzamides; pyrrolidines; sulfone	environmental contaminant; second generation antipsychotic; xenobiotic
amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.	4.89	8	1	carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic
amlexanox amlexanox: SRA-A antagonist;structure given in first source. amlexanox : A pyridochromene-derived monocarboxylic acid having an amino substituent at the 2-position, an oxo substituent at the 5-position and an isopropyl substituent at the 7-position.	1.97	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; pyridochromene	anti-allergic agent; anti-ulcer drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.	3.44	7	0	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
amobarbital Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.	2.74	3	0	barbiturates
amodiaquine Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.	2.07	1	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; phenols; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
amoxapine Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.	2.49	2	0	dibenzooxazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonin uptake inhibitor
amprolium Amprolium: A veterinary coccidiostat that interferes with THIAMINE metabolism.. amprolium : An organic chloride salt having 1-[(4-amino-2-propylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-2-methylpyridin-1-ium as the counterion. Used for prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and cattle.. amprolium(1+) : A pyridinium ion that is the cationic portion of amprolium, a veterinary drug which is used for prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and cattle.	2.07	1	0	pyridinium ion	coccidiostat
amsacrine Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.	2.05	1	0	acridines; aromatic ether; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole [no description available]	6.11	5	1	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.	3.82	3	0	methoxybenzenes
antazoline Antazoline: An antagonist of histamine H1 receptors.. antazoline : A member of the class of imidazolines that is 2-aminomethyl-2-imidazoline in which the exocyclic amino hydrogens are replaced by benzyl and phenyl groups. Antazoline is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	2.07	1	0	aromatic amine; imidazolines; tertiary amino compound	cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
9-anthroic acid 9-anthroic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; chloride channel blocker; do not confuse with c-ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) which is frequently abbreviated as ANCA. 9-anthroic acid : An anthroic acid carrying the carboxy substituent at position 9.	2.02	1	0	anthroic acid
anthralin Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.	3.08	5	0	anthracenes	antipsoriatic
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	3.38	7	0	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetovanillone apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.	3.42	7	0	acetophenones; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone	antirheumatic drug; EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug; plant metabolite
6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-10,11-diol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
apraclonidine apraclonidine: relieves postoperative intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty; RN given refers to parent cpd. apraclonidine : An imidazoline that is 2-amino 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoline in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens has been replaced by a 4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	3.37	7	0	dichlorobenzene; guanidines; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; diagnostic agent; ophthalmology drug
arecoline Arecoline: An alkaloid obtained from the betel nut (Areca catechu), fruit of a palm tree. It is an agonist at both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in the form of various salts as a ganglionic stimulant, a parasympathomimetic, and a vermifuge, especially in veterinary practice. It has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands.. arecoline : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with a methyl group at position 1, and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3. An alkaloid found in the areca nut, it acts as an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine.	3.81	11	0	enoate ester; methyl ester; pyridine alkaloid; tetrahydropyridine	metabolite; muscarinic agonist
aristolochic acid i aristolochic acid I: phospholipase A inhibitor. aristolochic acid A : An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic.	3.81	11	0	aristolochic acids; aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; cyclic acetal; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotetracyclic compound	carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mutagen; nephrotoxin; toxin
arotinolol arotinolol: structure given in first source; arotinolol is the (+-)-isomer	1.96	1	0	aromatic amide; thiophenes
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	19.5	661	56	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
astemizole Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.	3.1	5	0	benzimidazoles; piperidines	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	4.25	18	0	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
atrazine [no description available]	2	1	0	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.	3.78	11	0	aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
azelastine azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.	3.09	5	0	monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
azobenzene azobenzene: photosensor molecule known to undergo reversible isomerization from trans to cis on illumination with photons of appropriate wavelength; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. (E)-azobenzene : The (E)-isomer of azobenzene.. (Z)-azobenzene : The (Z)-isomer of azobenzene.. azobenzene : A molecule whose structure comprises two phenyl rings linked by a N=N double bond; the parent compound of the azobenzene class of compounds.	1.97	1	0	azobenzenes
azosemide azosemide : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide which is substituted at positions 2, 4, and 5 by chlorine, (2-thienylmethyl)amino and 1H-tetrazol-5-yl groups, respectively. It is a diuretic that has been used in the management of oedema and hypertension.	2	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide; tetrazoles; thiophenes	loop diuretic
azepexole [no description available]	1.96	1	0
baclofen [no description available]	2.9	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant
2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane 2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane: structure	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
barbital 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).	2.72	3	0	barbiturates	drug allergen
bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.	3.37	7	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
befunolol befunolol: synonym BFE 60 refers to HCl; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.37	2	0	benzofurans
bendazac bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.	2.05	1	0	indazoles; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.	4.08	3	1	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
benphothiamine benfotiamine : A thioester that is a synthetic analogue of thiamine obtained by acylative cleavage of the thiazole ring and O-phospohorylation.	2.99	1	0	aminopyrimidine; formamides; organic phosphate; thioester	antioxidant; immunological adjuvant; nutraceutical; protective agent; provitamin B1
benserazide Benserazide: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.. benserazide : A carbohydrazide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of DL-serine with the primary amino group of 4-(hydrazinylmethyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as its hydrochloride salt as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.	2.07	1	0	carbohydrazide; catechols; primary alcohol; primary amino compound	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
benzamide benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.	2.45	2	0	benzamides
benzbromarone Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.	2.05	1	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone	uricosuric drug
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	4.09	15	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
benzocaine Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.	2.95	4	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline	allergen; antipruritic drug; sensitiser; topical anaesthetic
benzothiazide benzothiazide: structure. benzthiazide : 7-Sulfamoyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by chlorine and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzylsulfanylmethyl group. A diuretic, it is used to treat hypertension and edema.	2.07	1	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
bepridil Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.	2.4	2	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
berberine [no description available]	5.26	15	0	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
5-methoxypsoralen 5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.	2.07	1	0	5-methoxyfurocoumarin; organic heterotricyclic compound; psoralens	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
beta-naphthoflavone beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308). beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone.	2.9	4	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist
betaxolol [no description available]	2.72	3	0	propanolamine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bethanechol Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.	5.51	16	1	carbamate ester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscarinic agonist
bicalutamide bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.	2.05	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; sulfone; tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502 bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.	2.71	3	0	biphenyls; imidazoles
bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane: aromatic diamidine which has a significant suppressive effect on the cytopathology & yield of respiratory synctial (RS) virus; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1	0
bisacodyl Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)	4.47	5	1	diarylmethane
bisbenzimidazole Bisbenzimidazole: A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis.	2	1	0	bibenzimidazole; N-methylpiperazine	anthelminthic drug; fluorochrome
bisindolylmaleimide i bisindolylmaleimide I: a bis(indolyl)maleimide	3.25	6	0
ro 31-7549 Ro 31-7549: structure	1.97	1	0
bisoprolol Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.	2.48	2	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bithionol Bithionol: Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.. bithionol : An aryl sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which each phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by hydroxy and at positions 3 and 5 by chlorine. A fungicide and anthelmintic, it was used in various topical drug products for the treatment of liver flukes, but withdrawn after being shown to be a potent photosensitizer with the potential to cause serious skin disorders.	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfide; bridged diphenyl antifungal drug; bridged diphenyl fungicide; dichlorobenzene; organochlorine pesticide; polyphenol	antifungal agrochemical; antiplatyhelmintic drug
bretylium bretylium: RN given refers to parent cpd. bretylium : A quaternary ammonium cation having 2-bromobenzyl, ethyl and two methyl groups attached to the nitrogen. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.	2.42	2	0	quaternary ammonium ion	adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent
bromazepam Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.38	2	0	organic molecular entity
bromhexine Bromhexine: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744). bromhexine : A substituted aniline that is 2,4-dibromoaniline which is substituted at position 6 by a [cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl group. It is used (as the monohydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough (i.e. a cough characterised by the production of sputum).	2.07	1	0	organobromine compound; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	mucolytic
bromisovalum Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.	2.05	1	0	N-acylurea; organobromine compound
seratrodast [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity
brotizolam brotizolam: structure	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
bumetanide [no description available]	4.66	28	0	amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide	diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bupivacaine Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.	7.09	17	2	aromatic amide; piperidinecarboxamide; tertiary amino compound
buspirone Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.	2.77	3	0	azaspiro compound; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organic heteropolycyclic compound; piperidones; pyrimidines	anxiolytic drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; sedative; serotonergic agonist
busulfan [no description available]	2.75	3	0	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent
butacaine butacaine: was MH 1965-92; BUTAPROBENZ & BUTOCAIN were see BUTACAINE 1978-92; use 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID to search BUTACAINE 1966-92	2.07	1	0	benzoate ester
butalbital butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates	analgesic; sedative
butamben butamben: structure. butamben : An amino acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-aminobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Its local anaesthetic properties have been used for surface anaesthesia of the skin and mucous membranes, and for relief of pain and itching associated with some anorectal disorders.	2.46	2	0	amino acid ester; benzoate ester; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	local anaesthetic
1-o-hexadecyl-2-n-methylcarbamylphosphatidylcholine 1-O-hexadecyl-2-N-methylcarbamylphosphatidylcholine: biologically active analog of PAF; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
1-0-octadecyl 2-0-acetyl sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine 1-0-octadecyl 2-0-acetyl sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine: reported to have same biological activity as natural PAF-acether; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0
cacodylic acid dimethylarsinic acid : The organoarsenic compound that is arsenic acid substituted on the central arsenic atom with two methyl groups.	2.13	1	0	organoarsenic compound	xenobiotic metabolite
caffeine [no description available]	4.5	23	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	5.76	87	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
beta-glycerophosphoric acid beta-glycerophosphoric acid: plays role in mineralization of bone in vitro. glycerol 2-phosphate : A glycerol monophosphate having the phosphate group at the 2-position.	2.69	3	0	glycerol monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
calmidazolium calmidazolium: powerful inhibitor of or red blood cell Ca++-ATPase & Ca++ transport into inside-out red blood cell vesicles; RN refers to chloride; structure in first source; an antagonist of calmodulin. calmidazolium : An imidazolium ion that is imidazolium cation substituted by a bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl group at position 1 and a 2-[(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group at position 3. It acts as an antagonist of calmodulin, a calcium binding messenger protein.	3.07	5	0	imidazolium ion	apoptosis inducer; calmodulin antagonist
camphor, (+-)-isomer [no description available]	2.96	4	0	bornane monoterpenoid; cyclic monoterpene ketone	plant metabolite
candesartan cilexetil candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects	3.61	3	0	biphenyls
candesartan candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.	3.54	8	0	benzimidazolecarboxylic acid; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
carbamylcholine [no description available]	2.07	1	0
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	3.63	9	0	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carbidopa [no description available]	2.1	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
carbinoxamine carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.	2.4	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
carbofuran Carbofuran: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	1.96	1	0	1-benzofurans; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nematicide
carisoprodol Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester	muscle relaxant
carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.	2.94	4	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
carprofen carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.	9.35	36	9	carbazoles; organochlorine compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; photosensitizing agent
carteolol Carteolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.	2.07	1	0	quinolone; secondary alcohol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
carvedilol [no description available]	5.78	7	1	carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
celecoxib [no description available]	17.86	393	33	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celiprolol Celiprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used in the management of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.	2.1	1	0	aromatic ketone
cetirizine Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.	2.71	3	0	ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; piperazines	anti-allergic agent; environmental contaminant; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
cetraxate [no description available]	2.66	3	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
cetylpyridinium Cetylpyridinium: Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.	2.02	1	0	pyridinium ion
chetomin chetomin: C31H30N6O6S4, similar to epipolythiodioxopiperazines. chetomin : An organic heteropentacyclic compound of the class of epipolythiodioxopiperazine. Isolated from Chaetomium globosum and Farrowia seminuda, it exhibits immunosuppressive activity.	2.05	1	0	indoles; organic disulfide; organic heteropentacyclic compound	Chaetomium metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
chelerythrine chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae.	3.26	6	0	benzophenanthridine alkaloid; organic cation	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
chloral hydrate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	aldehyde hydrate; ethanediol; organochlorine compound	general anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; sedative; xenobiotic
chlorambucil Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.	2.39	2	0	aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
chlordiazepoxide Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.	2.45	2	0	benzodiazepine
chlormezanone Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazine; lactam; monochlorobenzenes; sulfone	antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; muscle relaxant
chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.	4.24	18	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug
chloroxylenol chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.	2.47	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; molluscicide
chlorpheniramine Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.	3.87	12	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidepressant; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	3.61	9	0	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.	4.69	9	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.	2.83	3	0	chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
chlorthalidone Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	4.33	2	2	isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	2.05	1	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; organochlorine compound	muscle relaxant; sedative
ciglitazone ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist.	4.17	16	0	aromatic ether; thiazolidinone	antineoplastic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug
cilostazol [no description available]	2.74	3	0	lactam; tetrazoles	anticoagulant; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; fibrin modulating drug; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	10.59	91	5	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
aricine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	cinchona alkaloid
eucalyptol [no description available]	2.42	2	0
cinoxacin Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.	2.48	2	0	cinnolines; oxacycle; oxo carboxylic acid	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate [no description available]	3.25	6	0	cyclopropanes; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.	3.64	9	0	aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic
cisapride Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.	2.42	2	0	benzamides
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.	2.48	2	0	2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound
clenbuterol Clenbuterol: A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.. clenbuterol : A substituted aniline that is 2,6-dichloroaniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	3.8	2	1	amino alcohol; dichlorobenzene; ethanolamines; primary arylamine; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
clioquinol Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.05	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; organochlorine compound; organoiodine compound	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; chelator; copper chelator
clobazam Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clobenpropit clobenpropit: histamine H3 receptor antagonist. clobenpropit : An imidothiocarbamic ester that consists of isothiourea bearing S-3-(imidazol-4-yl)propyl and N-4-chlorobenzyl substituents. An extremely potent histamine H3 antagonist/inverse agonist (pA2 = 9.93). Also displays partial agonist activity at H4 receptors; induces eosinophil shape change with an EC50 of 3 nM.	2.4	2	0	imidazoles; imidothiocarbamic ester; organochlorine compound	H3-receptor antagonist; H4-receptor agonist
clofazimine Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.	2.89	4	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenazines	dye; leprostatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate	3.25	6	0	aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
clofibric acid Clofibric Acid: An antilipemic agent that is the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.. clofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is isobutyric acid substituted at position 2 by a p-chlorophenoxy group. It is a metabolite of the drug clofibrate.	3.49	8	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; herbicide; marine xenobiotic metabolite; PPARalpha agonist
clofilium clofilium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.42	2	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
clomiphene [no description available]	2.47	2	0	tertiary amine	estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	2.73	3	0	dibenzoazepine	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.	2	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monochlorobenzenes	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	5.34	57	0	clonidine; imidazoline
clotiazepam clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
clotrimazole [no description available]	3.11	5	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cloxyquin cloxyquin: has antitubercular activity; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	organochlorine compound; quinolines
conduritol epoxide conduritol epoxide: conduritol C epoxide refers to the (epi & neo)-isomers; structure. conduritol epoxide : An epoxide resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of a conduritol.	2.05	1	0	cyclitol; epoxide; tetrol
4-cresol 4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals.	2.42	2	0	cresol	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin
cromolyn cromoglycic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is the bis-chromone derivative of glycerol. It is effective as a mast cell stabilizer.	2.07	1	0	chromones; dicarboxylic acid	anti-asthmatic drug; calcium channel blocker
phenylalanyl-cyclo(cysteinyltyrosyl-tryptophyl-ornithyl-threonyl-penicillamine)threoninamide phenylalanyl-cyclo(cysteinyltyrosyl-tryptophyl-ornithyl-threonyl-penicillamine)threoninamide: cyclic somatostatin octapeptide analog with high affinity & selectivity toward mu opioid receptors	2.11	1	0
cyclandelate Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.	2.47	2	0	carboxylic ester; secondary alcohol	vasodilator agent
cyclobenzaprine cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure. cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	4.1	3	1	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant; muscle relaxant; tranquilizing drug
cycloleucine Cycloleucine: An amino acid formed by cyclization of leucine. It has cytostatic, immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities.. 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is cyclopentane substituted at position 1 by amino and carboxy groups.	2.68	3	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	EC 2.5.1.6 (methionine adenosyltransferase) inhibitor
cyclopentolate Cyclopentolate: A parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia.. cyclopentolate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(phenyl)acetic acid with N,N-dimethylethanolamine. A tertiary amine antimuscarinic with actions similar to atropine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt to produce mydriasis (excessive dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) for opthalmic diagnostic procedures. It acts more quickly than atropine and has a shorter duration of action.	2.01	1	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	diagnostic agent; muscarinic antagonist; mydriatic agent; parasympatholytic
cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.	8.49	8	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
danthron danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.	2.42	2	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
dantrolene Dantrolene: Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.. dantrolene : The hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of 5-(4-nitrophenyl)furfural with 1-aminohydantoin. A ryanodine receptor antagonist used for the relief of chronic severe spasticity and malignant hyperthermia.	3.08	5	0	hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione	muscle relaxant; neuroprotective agent; ryanodine receptor antagonist
dapi DAPI: RN given refers to parent cpd.	2.7	3	0	indoles	fluorochrome
dapsone [no description available]	3.09	5	0	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
debrisoquin Debrisoquin: An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.	2.07	1	0	carboxamidine; isoquinolines	adrenergic agent; antihypertensive agent; human metabolite; sympatholytic agent
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone: ubiquinol analog. 6-decylubiquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,3-dimethoxybenzoquinone which has been substituted at positions 5 and 6 by decyl and methyl groups.	2.07	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones	cofactor
deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.	3.71	10	0	acyclic desferrioxamine	bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore
denbufylline denbufylline: structure given in first source	2	1	0	oxopurine
dequalinium Dequalinium: A topical bacteriostat that is available as various salts. It is used in wound dressings and mouth infections and may also have antifungal action, but may cause skin ulceration.. dequalinium : A quinolinium ion comprising decane in which one methyl hydrogen at each end of the molecule has been replaced by a 4-amino-2-methylquinolin-1-yl group.	2.07	1	0	quinolinium ion	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiseptic drug; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	3.6	9	0	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.	2.67	3	0	primary amine
eflornithine Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.	7.53	16	1	alpha-amino acid; fluoroamino acid	trypanocidal drug
r 59022 R 59022: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor; structure given in first source; platelet activator factor antagonist	2.38	2	0	diarylmethane
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	5.35	13	1	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.	2.74	3	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent
dibenzothiophene dibenzothiophene : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a thiophene ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.	2.46	2	0	dibenzothiophenes; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	keratolytic drug
dibucaine Dibucaine: A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006). cinchocaine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions.	2.48	2	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	topical anaesthetic
dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans.	2.41	2	0	diester; phthalate ester	EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; metabolite; plasticiser; teratogenic agent
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	12.77	170	18	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene: An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of DDT.	3.33	6	0	chlorophenylethylene; monochlorobenzenes	human xenobiotic metabolite; persistent organic pollutant
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source	3.82	11	0	benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant
dichlorophen Dichlorophen: Nontoxic laxative vermicide effective for taenia infestation. It tends to produce colic and nausea. It is also used as a veterinary fungicide, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoan. (From Merck, 11th ed.)	2.05	1	0	bridged diphenyl fungicide; diarylmethane
dichlorphenamide Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.	2.07	1	0	dichlorobenzene; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.	2.07	1	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
diethylcarbamazine Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.	2.93	4	0	N-carbamoylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine
pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.	2.37	2	0	pentacarboxylic acid	copper chelator
diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.	4.49	5	1	monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3,3'-diindolylmethane 3,3'-diindolylmethane: anti-inflammatory from edible cruciferous vegetables; a cytochrome P-450 antagonist	2.96	4	0	indoles	antineoplastic agent; P450 inhibitor
dilacor xr 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate : A lactam that is 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one in which positions 2 and 3 are substituted by 4-methoxyphenyl and acetoxy, respectively, while the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group.	2.07	1	0	acetate ester; aromatic ether; benzothiazepine; lactam; tertiary amino compound
dimaprit Dimaprit: A histamine H2 receptor agonist that is often used to study the activity of histamine and its receptors.	3.58	9	0	imidothiocarbamic ester
dimethadione Dimethadione: An anticonvulsant that is the active metabolite of TRIMETHADIONE.	2.07	1	0	oxazolidinone
dimethoate Dimethoate: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic and contact insecticide.. dimethoate : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N-methylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group attached to the carbonyl moiety is replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanediyl group.	2.06	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	3.6	9	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.	4.04	5	0	organic cation
diphenylpyraline diphenylpyraline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. allergen : A chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.. diphenylpyraline : A member of the class of piperidines that is the benzhydryl ether derivative of 1-methyl-4-hydroxypiperidine. A sedating antihistamine, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and hay fever, and in pruritic skin disorders. It is also used as the teoclate salt (piprinhydrinate) as an ingredient in compound preparations for the symptomatic relief of coughs and the common cold.	2.07	1	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist
dipivefrin dipivefrin: used in treatment of both primary & open angle glaucoma; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer. dipivefrin : The dipivalate ester of (+-)-epinephrine (racepinephrine). A pro-drug of epinephrine, the hydrochloride is used topically as eye drops to reduce intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.	2.45	2	0	ethanolamines; pivalate ester	adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; ophthalmology drug; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent
dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.	5.15	15	0	piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol	adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
disopyramide Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.	2.75	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram [no description available]	3.29	6	0	organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor
diuron Diuron: A pre-emergent herbicide.. diuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which both of the hydrogens attached to one nitrogen are substituted by methyl groups, and one of the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group.	2	1	0	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; dichlorobenzene	environmental contaminant; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; photosystem-II inhibitor; urea herbicide; xenobiotic
valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.	6.54	14	0	branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid	anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent
racemetirosine alpha-Methyltyrosine: An inhibitor of the enzyme TYROSINE 3-MONOOXYGENASE, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)	2.37	2	0
thiorphan Thiorphan: A potent inhibitor of membrane metalloendopeptidase (ENKEPHALINASE). Thiorphan potentiates morphine-induced ANALGESIA and attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms.	2	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
domperidone Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.	3.08	5	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.	2.78	3	0	aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
doxazosin Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.	2.25	1	0	aromatic amine; benzodioxine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; vasodilator agent
doxepin Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.	4.07	3	1	dibenzooxepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
doxylamine Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.	2.07	1	0	pyridines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antitussive; cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; sedative
droperidol Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.	4.33	4	1	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound	anaesthesia adjuvant; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
dup 697 DuP 697: structure given in first source	3.81	11	0	thiophenes
dyclonine [no description available]	2.49	2	0	aromatic ketone; piperidines	topical anaesthetic
dyphylline Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.	2.07	1	0	oxopurine; propane-1,2-diols	bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
ebselen ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.	2.69	3	0	benzoselenazole	anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger
econazole Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.	3.25	6	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine 9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine: specific inhibitor of adenosine deaminase	1.96	1	0
ellipticine ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.	2.07	1	0	indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; polycyclic heteroarene	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
embelin embelin: from Embelia fruit (Myrsinaceae). embelin : A member of the class of dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by an undecyl group at position 3. Isolated from Lysimachia punctata and Embelia ribes, it exhibits antimicrobial, antineoplastic and inhibitory activity towards hepatitis C protease.	2.07	1	0	dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; plant metabolite
emodin Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.	3.16	5	0	trihydroxyanthraquinone	antineoplastic agent; laxative; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
emorfazone emorfazone: structure	1.96	1	0	organic molecular entity
endosulfan Endosulfan: A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61). endosulfan : A cyclic sulfite ester that is 1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine 3-oxide substituted by chloro groups at positions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 10.	2.11	1	0	cyclic sulfite ester; cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
enflurane Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.	2.4	2	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	anaesthetic
enoxacin Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.	2.05	1	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
epinastine epinastine: RN given refers parent cpd. epinastine : A benzazepine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,e]azepine in which the azepine ring is fused to the e side of 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine.	1.99	1	0	benzazepine; guanidines	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; ophthalmology drug
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	4.43	22	0
estazolam Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.	2.05	1	0	triazoles; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.	3.49	8	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups.	4.01	4	0	ether; volatile organic compound	inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
profenamine profenamine: was heading 1972-94 (see under PHENOTHIAZINES 1972-90); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search ETHOPROPAZINE 1972-94. profenamine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is phenothiazine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)propyl group. An antimuscarinic, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease.	2.07	1	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amino compound	adrenergic antagonist; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
ethosuximide Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.	2.4	2	0	dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector; T-type calcium channel blocker
ethotoin ethotoin: was heading 1966-94 (see under HYDANTOINS 1966-90); use HYDANTOINS to search ETHOTOIN 1966-94. ethotoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by ethyl and phenyl at positions 3 and 5, respectively. An antiepileptic, it is less toxic than phenytoin but also less effective.	2.07	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
ethoxyquin Ethoxyquin: Antioxidant; also a post-harvest dip to prevent scald on apples and pears.. ethoxyquin : A quinoline that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline bearing three methyl substituents at position 2, 2 and 4 as well as an ethoxy substituent at position 6.	2.38	2	0	aromatic ether; quinolines	antifungal agrochemical; food antioxidant; genotoxin; geroprotector; herbicide; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activator
ethoxzolamide Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.	2.4	2	0	aromatic ether; benzothiazoles; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester [no description available]	3.27	6	0
etidronate Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.	5.25	12	1	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator
etodolac Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.	7.85	36	6	monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 42810 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; acetate ester	antiviral drug; prodrug
famotidine Famotidine: A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.	4.98	9	1	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
felbamate Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.	2.47	2	0	carbamate ester	anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent
felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.	2.69	3	0	dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
fenbufen fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	3.09	5	0	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; biphenyls	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fendiline Fendiline: Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.	2.1	1	0	diarylmethane
fenofibrate Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE	3.13	5	0	aromatic ether; chlorobenzophenone; isopropyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
fenoldopam Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.	2.4	2	0	benzazepine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; dopamine agonist; dopaminergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
berotek Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.	5.87	13	2	resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
fentanyl Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	3.34	6	0	anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	adjuvant; anaesthesia adjuvant; anaesthetic; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.	2.03	1	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
flecainide Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	2.77	3	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug
fleroxacin Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.	2.1	1	0	difluorobenzene; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpiperazine; quinolines	antibacterial drug; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	2.94	4	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.	2.05	1	0	aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone	prodrug
fludiazepam fludiazepam: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	anxiolytic drug
flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.	5.29	17	0	aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.	2.96	4	0	ethyl ester; imidazobenzodiazepine; organofluorine compound	antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning; GABA antagonist
flumequine flumequine: structure. flumequine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-flumequine. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, formerly used in veterinary medicine for stock breeding and treatment of aquacultures.. 9-fluoro-5-methyl-1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-2-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyridoquinolines that is 1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline carrying additional carboxy, methyl and fluoro substituents at positions 2, 5 and 9 respectively.	2.1	1	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; pyridoquinoline; quinolone antibiotic
flunitrazepam Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes	anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
fluorescite fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.	2.42	2	0	benzoic acids; cyclic ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; phenols; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	4.78	30	0	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	5.04	9	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.	9.91	99	7	fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fp 83 FP 83: structure given in first source	2.83	3	0	organic molecular entity
fluspirilene Fluspirilene: A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.	2.4	2	0	diarylmethane
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.	2.47	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
fomepizole Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.	2.41	2	0	pyrazoles	antidote; EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor; protective agent
fosfosal fosfosal: reagent for testing the activity of certain enzymes	1.97	1	0	aryl phosphate
fpl 64176 FPL 64176: an activator of L-type calcium channels; structure given in first source. FPL 64176 : 1H-Pyrrole substituted at C-2 and -5 by methyl groups, at C-3 by methoxycarbonyl and at C-4 by a 2-benzylbenzoyl group.	2.31	1	0	carboxylic ester; pyrroles	calcium channel agonist
furegrelate furegrelate: structure given in UD 35:175:d	3.27	6	0	benzofurans
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	10.49	98	13	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
fusaric acid Fusaric Acid: A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.	1.97	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
gabapentin Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.	3.34	6	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
gemfibrozil [no description available]	2.47	2	0	aromatic ether	antilipemic drug
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	3.24	6	0
2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; a oxidative product of saligenin. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid having the two hydroxy groups at the 2- and 5-positions.	2.4	2	0	dihydroxybenzoic acid	EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human metabolite; MALDI matrix material; mouse metabolite
glafenine Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.	2.47	2	0	aminoquinoline; carboxylic ester; glycol; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.	2.47	2	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; radical scavenger
glimepiride glimepiride: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	sulfonamide
glipizide Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylurea; pyrazines	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
glutaral Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.	1.97	1	0	dialdehyde	cross-linking reagent; disinfectant; fixative
glutethimide Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.	2.05	1	0	piperidines
glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.	4.63	26	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
gö6983 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	indoles; maleimides
go 6976 [no description available]	2.76	3	0	indolocarbazole; organic heterohexacyclic compound	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
gossypol Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.	2.92	4	0
guaiazulene guaiazulene: structure	2.05	1	0	sesquiterpene
guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.	12.54	95	4	methoxybenzenes
guanethidine Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.	3.59	9	0	azocanes; guanidines	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; sympatholytic agent
guanfacine Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.	1.96	1	0	acetamides
n-(2-(methylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide [no description available]	3.48	8	0	isoquinolines; sulfonamide
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.	5.24	51	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
ha 1004 N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source	3.59	9	0	isoquinolines
fasudil fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.	2.76	3	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonyldiazepane	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; nootropic agent; vasodilator agent
haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.	5.84	22	1	aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
halothane [no description available]	3.59	9	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
hexachlorophene Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.	2.05	1	0	bridged diphenyl fungicide; polyphenol; trichlorobenzene	acaricide; antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug
miltefosine miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.	2.69	3	0	phosphocholines; phospholipid	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; apoptosis inducer; immunomodulator; protein kinase inhibitor
hexamethonium Hexamethonium: A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes including hypertension but, like the other ganglionic blockers, it has been replaced by more specific drugs for most purposes, although it is widely used a research tool.	4.23	18	0	quaternary ammonium salt
hexestrol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
hexetidine Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)	2.05	1	0	organic heteromonocyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.	2.9	4	0	barbiturates
hexoprenaline Hexoprenaline: Stimulant of adrenergic beta 2 receptors. It is used as a bronchodilator, antiasthmatic agent, and tocolytic agent.	2.67	3	0
alpha-methylhistamine alpha-methylhistamine: a histamine H3 receptor agonist; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alpha-methylhistamine : An aralkylamino compound that is histamine bearing a methyl substituent at the alpha-position.	2.68	3	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	animal metabolite; H3-receptor agonist
hexamethylene bisacetamide N,N'-diacetyl-1,6-diaminohexane: chemical name obtained from Acta Biol Hung 1990;41(1-3):199-208	2.07	1	0	acetamides
ethidium Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.	2.02	1	0	phenanthridines	fluorochrome; intercalator
hycanthone Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.	2.07	1	0	thioxanthenes	mutagen; schistosomicide drug
hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	4.98	9	1	azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	8.17	16	6	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.	2.07	1	0	benzothiadiazine; thiazide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.	5.04	3	1	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea [no description available]	5.79	21	1	one-carbon compound; ureas	antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.	2.47	2	0	hydroxyether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent; antipruritic drug; anxiolytic drug; dermatologic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
hypericin [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ibudilast [no description available]	1.97	1	0	pyrazolopyridine
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	16.06	227	33	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
phenelzine Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.	2.71	3	0	primary amine
lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.	7.94	26	2	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic
mephentermine Mephentermine: A sympathomimetic agent with specificity for alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It is used to maintain BLOOD PRESSURE in hypotensive states such as following SPINAL ANESTHESIA.	2.1	1	0	amphetamines
alverine alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.	2.05	1	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug
ici 118551 [no description available]	2.99	4	0	indanes
ici 204448 ICI 204448: kappa opioid receptor agonist; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
idebenone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; primary alcohol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor
ifosfamide [no description available]	2.76	3	0	ifosfamides	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
imetit imetit: structure given in first source. imetit : An imidothiocarbamic ester that consists of isothiourea in which the thiol hydrogen is substituted by a 2-(imidazol-4-yl)ethyl group. An extremely potent, high affinity agonist at H3 and H4 receptors (Ki values are 0.3 and 2.7 nM respectively). Induces shape change in eosinophils with an EC50 of 25 nM. Centrally active following systemic administration.	1.99	1	0	imidazoles; imidothiocarbamic ester	H3-receptor agonist; H4-receptor agonist
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	4.77	11	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.	2.47	2	0	bipyridines	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.	2.91	4	0	indoles; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
indirubin-3'-monoxime indirubin-3'-monoxime: has antiangiogenic activity. indirubin-3'-monoxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.	2.45	2	0
indole-3-carbinol indole-3-carbinol: occurs in edible cruciferous vegetables. indole-3-methanol : An indolyl alcohol carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It is a constituent of the cruciferous vegetables and had anticancer activity.	2.46	2	0	indolyl alcohol	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	22.11	2,987	65	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
indoprofen Indoprofen: A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21). indoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)phenyl group. Initially used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, it was withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been subsequently found to increase production of the survival motor neuron protein.	2.92	4	0	gamma-lactam; isoindoles; monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
iodoacetamide [no description available]	3.39	7	0
iodoquinol Iodoquinol: One of the halogenated 8-quinolinols widely used as an intestinal antiseptic, especially as an antiamebic agent. It is also used topically in other infections and may cause CNS and eye damage. It is known by very many similar trade names world-wide.. iodoquinol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by iodine. It is considered the drug of choice for treating asymptomatic or moderate forms of amoebiasis.	2.07	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; organoiodine compound	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiseptic drug
iohexol Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.	2.05	1	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
iothalamic acid Iothalamic Acid: A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts.	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
iodipamide Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.	2.05	1	0	benzoic acids; organoiodine compound; secondary carboxamide	radioopaque medium
ipriflavone ipriflavone : A member of the class of isoflavones that is isoflavone in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by an isopropoxy group. A synthetic isoflavone, it was formerly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, although a randomised controlled study failed to show any benefit. It is still used to prevent osteoporosis in post-menopausal women.	2.67	3	0	aromatic ether; isoflavones	bone density conservation agent
iproniazid [no description available]	2.47	2	0	carbohydrazide; pyridines
avapro Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.	4.88	4	2	azaspiro compound; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
irsogladine irsogladine: RN given refers to parent cpd; MN 1695 refers to maleate salt	1.96	1	0	dichlorobenzene
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.	8.13	234	0	3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isoetharine Isoetharine: Adrenergic beta-2 agonist used as bronchodilator for emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.	2.07	1	0	catecholamine
isoflurane Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.	3.28	6	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	2.94	4	0	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
piperidine-4-carboxamide piperidine-4-carboxamide: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	piperidinecarboxamide
2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.	5.54	69	0	secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol	protic solvent
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	9.51	298	0	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.	2.47	2	0	alkylbenzene
isradipine Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.	2.4	2	0	benzoxadiazole; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester
itraconazole [no description available]	2.05	1	0	piperazines
juglone juglone: structure. juglone : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone with confirmed antibacterial and antitumor activities.	2.5	2	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone	geroprotector; herbicide; reactive oxygen species generator
staurosporine aglycone staurosporine aglycone: metabolite from culture broth of Nocardiopsis sp.; a neurotrophin antag; inhibits BDNF TrkB receptor	2.67	3	0
nsc 664704 kenpaullone: inhibits CDK1/cyclin B; structure in first source. kenpaullone : An indolobenzazepine that is paullone in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by a bromo substituent. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta).	2.5	2	0	indolobenzazepine; lactam; organobromine compound	cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.	3.53	8	0	cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
ketanserin Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.	4.26	18	0	aromatic ketone; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	3.71	10	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	9.09	76	10	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ketorolac Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.	9.83	35	5	amino acid; aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrrolizines; racemate	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ketotifen Ketotifen: A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis.. ketotifen : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 4,9-dihydro-10H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-10-one which is substituted at position 4 by a 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylidene group. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is used (usually as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of asthma, where it may take several weeks to exert its full effect.	3.6	9	0	cyclic ketone; olefinic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
khellin Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.	3.4	7	0	furanochromone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle	anti-asthmatic agent; bronchodilator agent; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
kinetin Kinetin: A furanyl adenine found in PLANTS and FUNGI. It has plant growth regulation effects.. cytokinin : A phytohormone that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots.. kinetin : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine carrying a (furan-2-ylmethyl) substituent at the exocyclic amino group.	2.07	1	0	6-aminopurines; furans	cytokinin; geroprotector
kojic acid [no description available]	2.53	2	0	4-pyranones; enol; primary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor; NF-kappaB inhibitor; skin lightening agent
kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.	3.82	3	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid 2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid: metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist; do not confuse AP-3 used as an abbreviation for this with enhancer-binding protein AP-3 (a trans-activator) or clathrin assembly protein AP-3. 2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid : A non-proteinogenc alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a dihydroxy(oxido)-lambda(5)-phosphanyl group.	2.01	1	0	alanine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; phosphonic acids	human metabolite; metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	2.98	4	0	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
lamotrigine [no description available]	2.93	4	0	1,2,4-triazines; dichlorobenzene; primary arylamine	anticonvulsant; antidepressant; antimanic drug; calcium channel blocker; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; excitatory amino acid antagonist; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; xenobiotic
lansoprazole Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.	5.03	9	1	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
beta-lapachone beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.	2.74	3	0	benzochromenone; orthoquinones	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
lauric acid dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil.	2.4	2	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite
lavendustin a lavendustin A: from Streptomyces griseolavendus; structure given in first source	2.42	2	0	aromatic amine
lavendustin b [no description available]	2.42	2	0
leflunomide Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.	3.27	6	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole [no description available]	4.04	4	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
nordefrin Nordefrin: A norepinephrine derivative used as a vasoconstrictor agent.	1.96	1	0	catecholamine
lobenzarit lobenzarit: prevents autoimmune kidney disease in hybrid mice; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.38	2	0	aminobenzoic acid
lofepramine Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone; dibenzoazepine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
lomefloxacin lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.	2.43	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
lomustine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
loperamide Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.	5.67	19	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes; piperidines; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist
lorazepam Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.	7.27	6	3	benzodiazepine
losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position	4.87	34	0	biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles	angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.	2.1	1	0	dibenzooxazepine	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
loxoprofen loxoprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source. loxoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted into its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.	6.41	15	3	cyclopentanones; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
ly 171883 LY 171883: structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist. tomelukast : A member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group, a propyl group at position 3 and a 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy group at position 4. A leukotriene antagonist, it exhibits anti-asthmatic activity.	2.41	2	0	acetophenones; aromatic ether; phenols; tetrazoles	anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	4.44	21	0	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione: structure given in first source; SRS-A & guanylate cyclase antagonist. 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione : A quinolone that is quinoline-5,8-dione in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by an anilino group.	2.68	3	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic amine; p-quinones; quinolone	antineoplastic agent; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor
malathion Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.	2.05	1	0	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source	2.42	2	0	isopropyl ester
maprotiline Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.	2.57	2	0	anthracenes
mazindol Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
edaravone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyrazolone	antioxidant; radical scavenger
mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester	antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
mecamylamine Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.	2.74	3	0	primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.	1.96	1	0	nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent
meclizine Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	6.76	95	0	aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenoxate Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
medazepam Medazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used in the treatment of anxiety. It has sedative, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties. One of its metabolites is DIAZEPAM and one of its excretion products is OXAZEPAM.	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	5.38	14	1	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
memantine [no description available]	2.74	3	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3 Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.	3.31	6	0	1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical
meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.	7.02	9	1	ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
mephenesin Mephenesin: A centrally acting muscle relaxant with a short duration of action.. 1-(2-methylphenyl)glycerol : A glycerol ether in which a single 2-methylphenyl group is attached at position 1 of glycerol via an ether linkage.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; glycerol ether
mephenytoin Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.	2.7	3	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
mepivacaine Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.	2.05	1	0	piperidinecarboxamide	drug allergen; local anaesthetic
meprobamate Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
benzoic acid [2-methyl-2-(propylamino)propyl] ester [no description available]	2.07	1	0	benzoate ester
mequitazine mequitazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.38	2	0	phenothiazines
mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.	7.6	25	2	amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mescaline Mescaline: Hallucinogenic alkaloid isolated from the flowering heads (peyote) of Lophophora (formerly Anhalonium) williamsii, a Mexican cactus used in Indian religious rites and as an experimental psychotomimetic. Among its cellular effects are agonist actions at some types of serotonin receptors. It has no accepted therapeutic uses although it is legal for religious use by members of the Native American Church.. mescaline : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is phenethylamine substituted at positions 3, 4 and 5 by methoxy groups.	1.96	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenethylamine alkaloid; primary amino compound	hallucinogen
mesoridazine Mesoridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.. mesoridazine : A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group.	2.1	1	0	phenothiazines; sulfoxide; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
metaproterenol Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.	2.41	2	0	aralkylamino compound; phenylethanolamines; resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	5.49	11	0	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
methadone Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.	2.4	2	0	benzenes; diarylmethane; ketone; tertiary amino compound
methapyrilene Methapyrilene: Histamine H1 antagonist with sedative action used as a hypnotic and in allergies.. methapyrilene : A member of the class of ethylenediamine derivatives that is ethylenediamine in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups, and the other nitrogen is substituted by a 2-pyridyl group and a (2-thienyl)methyl group.	2.07	1	0	ethylenediamine derivative	anti-allergic agent; carcinogenic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative
metharbital metharbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ENDIEMAL, METHARBITONE, & METHOBARBITONE were see METHARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search METHARBITAL 1976-94; long-acting barbiturate that is demethylated to barbital in the liver; has broad-spectrum anticonvulsant action, but used mainly to treat myoclonic spasms in infants	1.96	1	0	organic molecular entity
methazolamide Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.	2.02	1	0	sulfonamide; thiadiazoles
methocarbamol Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; carbamate ester; secondary alcohol
methoctramine [no description available]	2.46	2	0	aromatic ether; tetramine	muscarinic antagonist
methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.	2.73	3	0	aromatic ether; psoralens	antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
methoxyflurane Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.	2.05	1	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	hepatotoxic agent; inhalation anaesthetic; nephrotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic
methoxyphenamine methoxyphenamine: structure. methoxyphenamine : An amphetamine methylated on nitrogen and with the phenyl ring methoxylated at C-2. A beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator.	2.1	1	0	amphetamines	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent
nocodazole [no description available]	3.08	5	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
methyl salicylate methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.	3.32	6	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; salicylates	flavouring agent; insect attractant; metabolite
3-Hydroxy-alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
methylphenidate Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.	2.05	1	0	beta-amino acid ester; methyl ester; piperidines
methyprylon methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
metoclopramide Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.	2.71	3	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; gastrointestinal drug; xenobiotic
metolazone Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.	2.04	1	0	organochlorine compound; quinazolines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	5.35	7	2	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	6.41	9	5	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.	3.25	6	0	aromatic ketone	antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.	2.52	2	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
mianserin Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.	2.7	3	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine agonist; sedative; serotonergic antagonist
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.7	3	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	3.33	6	0	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
milrinone [no description available]	2.4	2	0	bipyridines; nitrile; pyridone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
minoxidil Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.	4.88	8	1	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.	2.48	2	0	benzazepine; tetracyclic antidepressant	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; oneirogen; serotonergic antagonist
mitotane Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.	2.47	2	0	diarylmethane
mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.	2.67	3	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	analgesic; antineoplastic agent
modafinil Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfoxide
mofezolac mofezolac: Cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; structure in first source; RN from Toxlit	2.02	1	0	methoxybenzenes
molsidomine Molsidomine: A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.. molsidomine : A member of the class of oxadiazoles that is 1,2,3-oxadiazole substituted by morpholin-4-yl and (ethoxycarbonyl)azanidyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is used as a vasodilator drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic syndrome and congestive heart failure.	4.19	17	0	ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion	antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
monodansylcadaverine monodansylcadaverine: inhibits cross linkage of fibrin. monodansylcadaverine : A sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid with one of the amino groups of cadaverine.	1.97	1	0	aminonaphthalene; primary amino compound; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; protective agent
moxisylyte Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)	2.05	1	0	monoterpenoid
muscimol Muscimol: A neurotoxic isoxazole isolated from species of AMANITA. It is obtained by decarboxylation of IBOTENIC ACID. Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A RECEPTORS and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.. muscimol : A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazol-3(2H)-one substituted by an aminomethyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Amanita.	4.25	18	0	alkaloid; isoxazoles; primary amino compound	fungal metabolite; GABA agonist; oneirogen; psychotropic drug
myristicin myristicin: asaricin is an isomer; structure; a methylene dioxy version of elemicin;	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity	metabolite
deet N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.	2.44	2	0	benzamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	environmental contaminant; insect repellent; xenobiotic
n-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist; structure given in first source. N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is 5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide in which one of the hydrogens of the nitrogen atom is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.	2.03	1	0	naphthalenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; sulfonamide
n-(6-aminohexyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide N-(6-aminohexyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.38	2	0	naphthalenes; sulfonic acid derivative
acecainide Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.	2.07	1	0	acetamides; benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.	4.06	15	0	maleimides	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
fenamic acid fenamic acid: has chloride and potassium channel-blocking activity; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is the N-phenyl derivative of anthranilic acid. It acts as a parent skeleton for the synthesis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	3.49	8	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	membrane transport modulator
apnea Apnea: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.	5.57	6	1	purine nucleoside
n 0840 N(6)-cyclopentyl-9-methyladenine: selective, orally active A(1) adenosine receptor antagonist	2	1	0
nabumetone Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	6.09	11	3	methoxynaphthalene; methyl ketone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
nadifloxacin nadifloxacin: (R)-isomer does not induce chromosomal aberrations, unlike (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	heteroarylpiperidine; hydroxypiperidine; pyridoquinoline; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug
nadolol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	tetralins
nafamostat nafamostat: inhibitor of trypsin, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, plasma kallikrein & thrombin; strongly inhibits esterolytic activities of C1r & C1 esterase complement-mediated hemolysis; antineoplastic	2.41	2	0	benzoic acids; guanidines
nafoxidine Nafoxidine: An estrogen antagonist that has been used in the treatment of breast cancer.	1.96	1	0	benzenes; naphthalenes; ring assembly
nafronyl Nafronyl: A drug used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is claimed to enhance cellular oxidative capacity and to be a spasmolytic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1310) It may also be an antagonist at 5HT-2 serotonin receptors.	2.07	1	0	naphthalenes
naftopidil [no description available]	2.52	2	0	piperazines
nalidixic acid [no description available]	3.13	5	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
activins Activins: Activins are produced in the pituitary, gonads, and other tissues. By acting locally, they stimulate pituitary FSH secretion and have diverse effects on cell differentiation and embryonic development. Activins are glycoproteins that are hetero- or homodimers of INHIBIN-BETA SUBUNITS.	4.21	17	0
naphazoline Naphazoline: An adrenergic vasoconstrictor agent used as a decongestant.	2.4	2	0	naphthalenes
naratriptan naratriptan: structure given in first source	2.01	1	0	heteroarylpiperidine; sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
nefazodone nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct	2.77	3	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; analgesic; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
neostigmine Neostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.. neostigmine : A quaternary ammonium ion comprising an anilinium ion core having three methyl substituents on the aniline nitrogen, and a 3-[(dimethylcarbamoyl)oxy] substituent at position 3. It is a parasympathomimetic which acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.	3.09	5	0	quaternary ammonium ion	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
nevirapine Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.95	4	0	cyclopropanes; dipyridodiazepine	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.	2.05	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.	5.31	13	1	benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound
niceritrol Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.	2.4	2	0	organic molecular entity
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	6.8	61	1	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
niflumic acid Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.	3.39	7	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
nilutamide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; imidazolidinone	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
nilvadipine [no description available]	2.92	4	0	dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester; nitrile
nimesulide nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.	10.06	95	4	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimetazepam nimetazepam : A nitrazepam which is substituted at positions 1 by a methyl group. It is used as an anticonvulsant and as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia.	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound	anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; GABA modulator; sedative
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.	4.48	7	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
nisoldipine Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.	2.69	3	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
nisoxetine nisoxetine: potent inhibitor for norepinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes & brain; NM refers to (+-)-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nisoxetine : A secondary amino compound that is N-methyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine substituted at position 3 by a 2-methoxyphenoxy group.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
nitrazepam Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).	2.71	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound	anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; drug metabolite; GABA modulator; sedative
nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.	3.09	5	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.	14.74	23	5	nitroglycerol	explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
nitromide nitromide: antibacterial agent for prevention & treatment of Salmonella pullorum infections in chickens & turkeys & for fowl typhoid & paratyphoid; used in feed; structure	2.07	1	0
nizatidine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound; carboxamidine; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; cholinergic drug; H2-receptor antagonist
no 711 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	diarylmethane
nomifensine Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.	2.4	2	0	isoquinolines	dopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)	2.05	1	0	catechols; lignan; tetrol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; plant metabolite
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	2.73	3	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
nortriptyline Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.	2.48	2	0	organic tricyclic compound; secondary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite
6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-5-yl)-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one [no description available]	2.48	2	0	isoquinolines
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist	3.5	8	0	nitrobenzoic acid
ns 1619 NS 1619: structure given in first source. NS 1619 : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced are replaced by 2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and trifluoromethyl groups, respectively. It is an opener/activator of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (Bkca).	2.02	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; benzimidazoles; phenols	potassium channel opener
n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2.	9.52	424	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
nylidrin Nylidrin: A beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin causes peripheral vasodilation, a positive inotropic effect, and increased gastric volume of gastric juice. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders and premature labor.	2.07	1	0	alkylbenzene
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	2.73	3	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.	7.6	53	3	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide
ondansetron Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.	2.97	4	0	carbazoles
orphenadrine Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.	2.47	2	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
oxonic acid Oxonic Acid: Antagonist of urate oxidase.	2.1	1	0	1,3,5-triazines; monocarboxylic acid
oxamniquine Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.	2.05	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; C-nitro compound; quinolines; secondary amino compound
oxaprozin Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	2.05	1	0	1,3-oxazoles; monocarboxylic acid	analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	2.72	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxethazaine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	amino acid amide
oxibendazole oxibendazole: structure	2.07	1	0	benzimidazoles; carbamate ester
oxidopamine Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).	4.39	21	0	benzenetriol; catecholamine; primary amino compound	drug metabolite; human metabolite; neurotoxin
oxotremorine Oxotremorine: A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool.	3.37	7	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine
oxprenolol Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.	3.11	5	0	aromatic ether
oxybenzone oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.	4.14	3	1	hydroxybenzophenone; monomethoxybenzene	dermatologic drug; environmental contaminant; protective agent; ultraviolet filter; xenobiotic
benoxinate benoxinate: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. oxybuprocaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-amino-3-butoxybenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; an ester-based local anaesthetic (ester "caine") used especially in ophthalmology and otolaryngology.	2.07	1	0	amino acid ester; benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	drug allergen; local anaesthetic; topical anaesthetic
oxybutynin oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	4.75	3	2	acetylenic compound; carboxylic ester; racemate; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; calcium channel blocker; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; parasympatholytic
oxymetazoline Oxymetazoline: A direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1251). oxymetazoline : A member of the class of phenols that is 2,4-dimethylphenol which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl and tert-butyl groups, respectively. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to relieve nasal congestion.	1.96	1	0	carboxamidine; imidazolines; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
oxyphenbutazone Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.	4.48	5	1	phenols; pyrazolidines	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; drug metabolite; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.	3.11	5	0	aminobenzoic acid; phenols	antitubercular agent
quinone benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).	2.98	4	0	1,4-benzoquinones	cofactor; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
fenclonine Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin.	2.68	3	0	phenylalanine derivative
palmidrol palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.	3.32	6	0	endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine	anti-inflammatory drug; anticonvulsant; antihypertensive agent; neuroprotective agent
pamidronate [no description available]	3.09	5	0	phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.	2.48	2	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.	4.88	11	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines	antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent
4-chlorophenol 4-chlorophenol: used as a root canal irrigant. 4-chlorophenol : A monochlorophenol substituted at the pare position by a chlorine atom.	2.51	2	0	monochlorophenol
pargyline Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.	2.43	2	0	aromatic amine
patulin Patulin: 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems.. patulin : A furopyran and lactone that is (2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has condensed with the carboxy group to give the corresponding bicyclic lactone. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it has antibiotic properties but has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic.	2.52	2	0	furopyran; gamma-lactone; lactol	antimicrobial agent; Aspergillus metabolite; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite
pd 153035 4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline: structure given in first source. PD-153035 : A member of the class of quinazolines carrying a 3-bromophenylamino substituent at position 4 and two methoxy substituents at positions 6 and 7.	2.7	3	0	aromatic amine; aromatic ether; bromobenzenes; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
pd 169316 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(4-pyridinyl)-1H-imidazole: p38 MAP kinase inhibitor	2.01	1	0	imidazoles
pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.	5.65	74	0	aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone	EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
pemoline Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.	2.05	1	0	1,3-oxazoles	central nervous system stimulant
pentamidine Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.	2.78	3	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; diether	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; calmodulin antagonist; chemokine receptor 5 antagonist; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; NMDA receptor antagonist; S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor; trypanocidal drug; xenobiotic
pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	3.36	7	0	barbiturates	GABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline [no description available]	7.12	27	1	oxopurine
perazine Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.	2.05	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; phenothiazines	dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perhexiline Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.	2.07	1	0	piperidines	cardiovascular drug
periciazine periciazine: was heading 1963-94 (Prov 1963-72); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search PROPERICIAZINE 1966-94. periciazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl group at the nitrogen atom and a carbonitrile group at position 2. Periciazine is a first generation antipsychotic.	2.1	1	0	hydroxypiperidine; nitrile; phenothiazines	adrenergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; sedative
perphenazine Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.	2.73	3	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacemide phenacemide: anti-epileptic drug; structure	2.07	1	0	acetamides
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	3.26	6	0	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.	2.04	1	0	diaminopyridine; monoazo compound	anticoronaviral agent; carcinogenic agent; local anaesthetic; non-narcotic analgesic
phenazine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	azaarene; heteranthrene; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; phenazines; polycyclic heteroarene
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	3.79	11	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phenolphthalein Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.	2.05	1	0	phenols
phenolsulfonphthalein Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney.	2.76	3	0	2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; phenols; sultone	acid-base indicator; diagnostic agent; two-colour indicator
phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	3.84	12	0	aromatic amine
oxophenylarsine oxophenylarsine: inhibits protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. phenylarsine oxide : An arsine oxide derived from phenylarsine.	1.99	1	0	arsine oxides	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
phenyl biguanide phenyl biguanide: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenyl biguanide : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.4	2	0	guanidines	central nervous system drug
phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.	7.54	39	4	pyrazolidines	antirheumatic drug; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group.	1.99	1	0	acyl fluoride	serine proteinase inhibitor
phloretin [no description available]	3.51	8	0	dihydrochalcones	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
moxonidine moxonidine: structure given in first source	2.42	2	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
1,3a,8-Trimethyl-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indol-5-yl methylcarbamate [no description available]	2.07	1	0	pyrroloindole
pinacidil Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)	2.7	3	0	pyridines
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	5.23	12	1	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	3.92	12	0	aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones	antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic
pipamperone pipamperone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pipamperone : A member of the class of bipiperidines that is 1,4'-bipiperidine which is substituted at the 1' and 4' positions by 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl and carboxamide groups, respectively. A first generation antipsychotic, its properties are generally similar to those of haloperidol.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ketone; bipiperidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
pipemidic acid Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.	2.05	1	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; pyridopyrimidine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	azacycloalkane; piperazines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	anthelminthic drug
piracetam Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.	2.48	2	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	4.55	25	0	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
piretanide piretanide: potent inhibitor of chloride transport; structure	4.28	4	1	aromatic ether
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	6.57	64	0	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
4-aminobenzoic acid para-Aminobenzoates: Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 4 of the benzene ring structure.. 4-aminobenzoate : An aromatic amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-aminobenzoic acid.	3.32	2	0	aminobenzoate; aromatic amino-acid anion	Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ag 1879 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-amine: Fyn kinase inhibitor	2.75	3	0	aromatic amine; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazolopyrimidine	beta-adrenergic antagonist; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid: a novel antagonist that selectively blocks P2 purinoceptor receptors; a useful tool to study co-transmission in tissues when ATP and coexisting neurotransmitters act in concert. 5'-phosphopyridoxal-6-azobenzene-2,4-disulfonic acid : An arenesulfonic acid that is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate carrying an additional 2,4-disulfophenylazo substituent at position 6.	2.92	4	0	arenesulfonic acid; azobenzenes; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; organic phosphate; pyridinecarbaldehyde	purinergic receptor P2X antagonist
practolol Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	2.68	3	0	acetamides; ethanolamines; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
duodote duodote: consists of atropine and pralidoxime chloride; for treating those exposed to organophosphorus-containing nerve agents	2.07	1	0	pyridinium ion	antidote to organophosphate poisoning; antidote to sarin poisoning; cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
ono 1078 pranlukast: SRS-A antagonist; leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	2.73	3	0	chromones
pyranoprofen pyranoprofen: RN given refers to unlabled parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.69	3	0	pyridochromene
praziquantel azinox: Russian drug	2.72	3	0	isoquinolines
prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.	6.11	40	0	aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	2.98	4	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
primidone Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidone	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
proadifen Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	3.09	5	0	diarylmethane
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.	5.87	23	1	benzoic acids; sulfonamide	uricosuric drug
probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.	3.12	5	0	dithioketal; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug
procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	2.48	2	0	benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.	3.29	6	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	2.05	1	0	benzamides; hydrazines	antineoplastic agent
procaterol Procaterol: A long-acting beta-2-adrenergic receptor agonist.	2.01	1	0	quinolines
prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.	2.47	2	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antiemetic; cholinergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic
proglumetacin proglumetacin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indometacin with the hydroxy group of 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl N(2)-benzoyl-N,N-dipropyl-alpha-glutaminate. Used (as its dimaleate salt) to control pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. Following oral administration, it is metabolised to indometacin and proglumide, a drug with antisecretory effects that helps prevent injury to the stomach lining.	3.76	2	1	aromatic ether; benzamides; carboxylic ester; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole; N-alkylpiperazine	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
proglumide Proglumide: A drug that exerts an inhibitory effect on gastric secretion and reduces gastrointestinal motility. It is used clinically in the drug therapy of gastrointestinal ulcers.. proglumide : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-proglumide. A non-selective CCK antagonist that was used primarily for treatment of stomach ulcers, but has been replaced by newer drugs.. N(2)-benzoyl-N,N-dipropyl-alpha-glutamine : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of N-benzoylglutamic acid with dippropylamine.	1.99	1	0	benzamides; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; glutamine derivative; racemate	anti-ulcer drug; cholecystokinin antagonist; cholinergic antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; drug metabolite; gastrointestinal drug; opioid analgesic; xenobiotic metabolite
promazine Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.	2.44	2	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
promethazine Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.	3.01	4	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative
propafenone Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	2.49	2	0	aromatic ketone; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
propidium Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.	2.94	4	0	phenanthridines; quaternary ammonium ion	fluorochrome; intercalator
propiverine propiverine: anticholinergic used for overactive bladder syndrome	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.	6.61	10	2	phenols	anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	9.86	92	6	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.	1.97	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
protopine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	dibenzazecine alkaloid	plant metabolite
protriptyline Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.	3.43	7	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant
proxyphylline [no description available]	1.98	1	0	oxopurine
pseudohypericin pseudohypericin: structure given in first source	2.97	4	0
pyridinolcarbamate Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)	2.53	2	0	pyridines
pyrilamine Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.	5.67	31	0	aromatic ether; ethylenediamine derivative	H1-receptor antagonist
pyrimethamine Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds	2.7	3	0	aminopyrimidine; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
7-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepin-8-ol [no description available]	2.54	2	0	benzazepine; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist
rabeprazole Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.	2.79	3	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
ranitidine [no description available]	2.48	2	0	aralkylamine
opc 12759 rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase	7.56	17	2	secondary carboxamide
resorcinol resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.	1.98	1	0	benzenediol; phenolic donor; resorcinols	erythropoietin inhibitor; sensitiser
pf 5901 alpha-pentyl-3-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)benzenemethanol: structure given in first source; platelet activating factor antagonist	3.24	6	0	quinolines
1,6-bis(cyclohexyloximinocarbonyl)hexane 1,6-bis(cyclohexyloximinocarbonyl)hexane: selective inhibitor of canine platelet diglyceride lipase	3.36	7	0	carbamate ester; organonitrogen compound
riluzole Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.	2.99	4	0	benzothiazoles
risperidone Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.	2.99	4	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
ritanserin Ritanserin: A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.. ritanserin : A thiazolopyrimidine that is 5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one which is substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 2-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]piperidin-1-yl}ethyl group. A potent and long-acting seratonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonist of the subtype 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.39 nM), it is used in the treatment of a variety of disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. It has little sedative action.	2.08	1	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; thiazolopyrimidine	antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
ro 31-8220 Ro 31-8220: a protein kinase C inhibitor	3.39	7	0	imidothiocarbamic ester; indoles; maleimides	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone: Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.	4.12	16	0	methoxybenzenes
rofecoxib [no description available]	12.92	97	16	butenolide; sulfone	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rolipram [no description available]	5.02	40	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
roxarsone Roxarsone: An arsenic derivative which has anticoccidial action and promotes growth in animals.. roxarsone : An organoarsonic acid where the organyl group is 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl.	2.07	1	0	2-nitrophenols; organoarsonic acid	agrochemical; animal growth promotant; antibacterial drug; coccidiostat
roxatidine acetate roxatidine acetate: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	piperidines
s-methylisothiopseudouronium S-methylisothiopseudouronium: inhibits nitric oxide synthase; structure in first source	2.43	2	0
safrole Safrole: A member of the BENZODIOXOLES that is a constituent of several VOLATILE OILS, notably SASSAFRAS oil. It is a precursor in the synthesis of the insecticide PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE and the drug N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA).. safrole : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole which is substituted by an allyl group at position 5. It is found in several plants, including black pepper, cinnamon and nutmeg, and is present in several essential oils, notably that of sassafras. It has insecticidal properties and has been used as a topical antiseptic. Although not thought to pose a significant carcinogenic risk to humans, findings of weak carcinogenicity in rats have resulted in the banning of its (previously widespread) use in perfumes and soaps, and as a food additive.	1.96	1	0	benzodioxoles	flavouring agent; insecticide; metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylamide salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source	2.47	2	0	phenols; salicylamides	antirheumatic drug; non-narcotic analgesic
sanguinarine benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.	2.49	2	0	alkaloid antibiotic; benzophenanthridine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent
salicylsalicylic acid salicylsalicylic acid: structure. salsalate : A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.	4.28	4	1	benzoate ester; benzoic acids; phenols; salicylates	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
sb 239063 SB 239063: structure in first source. SB-239063 : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying 4-hydroxycyclohexyl, 4-fluorophenyl and 2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl substituents at positions 1, 4 and 5 respectively.	2.1	1	0	imidazoles
sb 202190 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole: structure given in first source; inhibits p38 MAP kinase	4.74	11	0	imidazoles; organofluorine compound; phenols; pyridines	apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
secobarbital Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.	2.04	1	0	barbiturates	anaesthesia adjuvant; GABA modulator; sedative
sennoside a&b [no description available]	3.36	7	0
sevoflurane Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.	3.84	2	1	ether; organofluorine compound	central nervous system depressant; inhalation anaesthetic; platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride	2.05	1	0	organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-obesity agent; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.	2.75	3	0	pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; coccidiostat; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
linsidomine linsidomine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	4.01	14	0	morpholines
sk&f 91488 SK&F 91488: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source; PI: APT (80-92) (not an active MH record; now NM)	1.99	1	0
sk&f 86002 6-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-(4-pyridinyl)imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole: inhibits p38 MAP kinase	2.68	3	0	imidazoles
sodium fluoride [no description available]	5.02	41	0	fluoride salt	mutagen
iodoacetic acid Iodoacetic Acid: A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains one IODINE atom attached to its methyl group.. iodoacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an iodine atom.	3.01	4	0	haloacetic acid; organoiodine compound	alkylating agent
risedronic acid Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.	5.08	10	1	pyridines
sotalol Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	2.7	3	0	ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; orphan drug; prodrug
spiperone Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.	3.1	5	0	aromatic ketone; azaspiro compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
ponalrestat [no description available]	2.21	1	0	phthalazines
stearic acid octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.	2.41	2	0	long-chain fatty acid; saturated fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
imatinib [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aromatic amine; benzamides; N-methylpiperazine; pyridines; pyrimidines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
streptonigrin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	pyridines; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
vorinostat Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).	3.17	5	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; hydroxamic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylsulfathiazole succinylsulfathiazole: intestinal antimicrobial agent; structure	2.07	1	0	1,3-thiazoles
sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.	2.07	1	0	N-sulfonylcarboxamide; substituted aniline	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	2.98	4	0	aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfamerazine [no description available]	2.75	3	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen
sulfameter Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; leprostatic drug; renal agent
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.47	2	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.	2.47	2	0	sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	2.47	2	0	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
sulfamonomethoxine Sulfamonomethoxine: Long acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent.	2.05	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
sulfanilamide [no description available]	2.46	2	0	substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfaphenazole Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.	2.46	2	0	primary amino compound; pyrazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.92	4	0	pyridines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; dermatologic drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.	7.08	31	3
sulfinpyrazone Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.	2.89	4	0	pyrazolidines; sulfoxide	uricosuric drug
sulfisomidine Sulfisomidine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfisomidine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent
sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.46	2	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
sulforaphane sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.	3.45	7	0	isothiocyanate; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
sulmazole sulmazole: structure given in first source. sulmazole : An imidazopyridine that is 1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-methoxy-4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl group. An A1 adenosine receptor antagonist, it was formerly used as a cardiotonic agent.	1.98	1	0	imidazopyridine; sulfoxide	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	alkylbenzene
sulpiride Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.	3.86	12	0	benzamides; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfonamide	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
sumatriptan Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.	2.92	4	0	sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.	4.32	4	1	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antirheumatic drug; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
suramin Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.	2.92	4	0	naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug
talipexole talipexole: dopamine receptor agonist; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	azepine
gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.	2.48	2	0	N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
tegafur [no description available]	2.92	4	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
telenzepine telenzepine: structure given in first source	2.47	2	0	benzodiazepine
temazepam Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.	2.05	1	0	benzodiazepine
temozolomide [no description available]	2.52	2	0	imidazotetrazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; triazene derivative	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
terbutaline Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	3.78	11	0	phenylethanolamines; resorcinols	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.	4.52	5	1	diarylmethane
tetracaine Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.	2.94	4	0	benzoate ester; tertiary amino compound	local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)	4.07	15	0	quaternary ammonium ion
tetrahydropapaverine tetrahydropapaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is norlaudanosoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline; polyether; secondary amino compound
tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone: structure. tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone : A hydroxybenzoquinone in which all four protons of the benzoquinone structure are substituted by hydroxy groups. A systemic keratolytic, it is normally supplied as its hydrate (CHEBI:137471).	2.07	1	0	hydroxybenzoquinone	keratolytic drug
thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.	5.14	8	0	phthalimides; piperidones
theobromine Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator.	4.06	3	1	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator agent; food component; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	2.47	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
2,4-thiazolidinedione thiazolidine-2,4-dione: structure in first source. 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione : A thiazolidenedione carrying oxo substituents at positions 2 and 4.	2.95	4	0	thiazolidenedione
2-thiosalicylic acid 2-thiosalicylic acid: a degradation product of thimerosal; RN given refers to parent cpd. thiosalicylic acid : A sulfanylbenzoic acid that is the 2-sulfanyl derivative of benzoic acid.	2.07	1	0	sulfanylbenzoic acid	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic
thioridazine Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.	2.92	4	0	phenothiazines; piperidines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).	2.07	1	0	aziridines
tiaprofenic acid tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.	5.23	12	1	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	drug allergen; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tiaramide tiaramide: NTA-194, solantal, FK 1160 refer to mono-HCl salt; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.66	3	0	benzothiazoles
ticlopidine Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.	4.74	9	0	monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; hematologic agent; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tinidazole Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.	2.44	2	0	imidazoles	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
tiopronin Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.	2.4	2	0	N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.	2.46	2	0	benzothiadiazole; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; muscle relaxant
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate: intracellular calcium antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd	4.57	26	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
tolazamide Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	2.47	2	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; potassium channel blocker
tolazoline Tolazoline: A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.. tolazoline : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole substituted by a benzyl group.	2.4	2	0	imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.	3.86	12	0	N-sulfonylurea	human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker
tolmetin Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.	7.51	19	3	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrroles	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	monothiocarbamic ester	antifungal drug
tolperisone Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone
(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid (1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid: a GABA-C receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ultram 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.	3.5	8	0	amino acid
trapidil Trapidil: A coronary vasodilator agent.	2.68	3	0	triazolopyrimidines
trazodone Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.	2.48	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazolopyridine	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
triacetin Triacetin: A triglyceride that is used as an antifungal agent.. triacetin : A triglyceride obtained by acetylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol. It has fungistatic properties (based on release of acetic acid) and has been used in the topical treatment of minor dermatophyte infections.	5.79	6	4	triglyceride	adjuvant; antifungal drug; food additive carrier; food emulsifier; food humectant; fuel additive; plant metabolite; solvent
triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.	4.04	3	1	pteridines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
triazolam Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.	2.4	2	0	triazolobenzodiazepine	sedative
triclosan [no description available]	3.27	6	0	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic
trifluoperazine [no description available]	5.93	34	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
trifluperidol Trifluperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES including MANIA and SCHIZOPHRENIA. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p621)	2.07	1	0	aromatic ketone
triflupromazine Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.	2.73	3	0	organofluorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
trimebutine Trimebutine: Proposed spasmolytic with possible local anesthetic action used in gastrointestinal disorders.	2.42	2	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
trimeprazine Trimeprazine: A phenothiazine derivative that is used as an antipruritic.	2.49	2	0	phenothiazines
trimethadione Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.	2.05	1	0	oxazolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	2.7	3	0	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trimipramine Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.	2.41	2	0	dibenzoazepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trioxsalen Trioxsalen: Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.. lactone : Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.. antipsoriatic : A drug used to treat psoriasis.. trioxsalen : 7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis.	2.48	2	0	psoralens	dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent
tripelennamine Tripelennamine: A histamine H1 antagonist with low sedative action but frequent gastrointestinal irritation. It is used to treat ASTHMA; HAY FEVER; URTICARIA; and RHINITIS; and also in veterinary applications. Tripelennamine is administered by various routes, including topically.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.	4.17	16	0	chromanes; thiazolidinone	anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
tropicamide Tropicamide: One of the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS with pharmacologic action similar to ATROPINE and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic.	2.47	2	0	acetamides
thenoyltrifluoroacetone Thenoyltrifluoroacetone: Chelating agent and inhibitor of cellular respiration.	2.02	1	0
tulobuterol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organochlorine compound
tyramine [no description available]	3.39	7	0	monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
delavirdine Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	2.04	1	0	aminopyridine; indolecarboxamide; N-acylpiperazine; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
urapidil [no description available]	2.07	1	0	piperazines
5-methylurapidil [no description available]	2.04	1	0
urethane [no description available]	3.87	12	0	carbamate ester	fungal metabolite; mutagen
venlafaxine venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.	2.77	3	0	cyclohexanols; monomethoxybenzene; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; serotonin uptake inhibitor; xenobiotic
vesamicol vesamicol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.97	1	0	piperidines
vesnarinone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
vigabatrin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
w 7 W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist	4.28	19	0
wb 4101 N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine bearing a [(2',6'-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethylamino]methyl group at position 2. An alpha1A-adrenergic selective antagonist.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxine; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
pirinixic acid pirinixic acid: structure	4.66	10	0	aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; pyrimidines
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine 8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist	2	1	0
2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2h-tetrazolium hydroxide 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide: structure given in first source	2.46	2	0
xylazine Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.	3.1	5	0	1,3-thiazine; methylbenzene; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; emetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
xylometazoline xylometazoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.39	2	0	alkylbenzene
3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole: antineoplastic; activates platelet guanylate cyclase; a radiosensitizing agent and guanylate cyclase activator; structure in first source. lificiguat : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole which is substituted by a benzyl group at position 1 and a 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl group at position 3. It is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits platelet aggregation.	2.73	3	0	aromatic primary alcohol; furans; indazoles	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; platelet aggregation inhibitor; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent
ici 204,219 zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	2.72	3	0	carbamate ester; indoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	anti-asthmatic agent; leukotriene antagonist
cn 100 CN 100: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0	organic molecular entity
zardaverine zardaverine: structure given in first source. zardaverine : A pyridazinone derivative in which pyridazin-3(2H)-one is substituted at C-6 with a 4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl group. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, selective for PDE3 and 4.	1.98	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyridazinone	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; peripheral nervous system drug
zinc chloride zinc chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. zinc dichloride : A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn(2+) ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions.	2.03	1	0	inorganic chloride; zinc molecular entity	astringent; disinfectant; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; Lewis acid
zolpidem Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.	2.05	1	0	imidazopyridine	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; sedative
zomepirac zomepirac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.97	1	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; pyrroles	cardiovascular drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
guanidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	one-carbon compound; organic chloride salt	protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	3.1	5	0	cortisol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.	2.74	3	0	corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.	3.59	9	0	mitomycin	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
corticosterone [no description available]	7.97	103	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.	8.66	48	4	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
estriol hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.	8.61	9	0	16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	estrogen; human metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
lysergic acid diethylamide Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.. lysergic acid diethylamide : An ergoline alkaloid arising from formal condensation of lysergic acid with diethylamine.	1.96	1	0	ergoline alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound	dopamine agonist; hallucinogen; serotonergic agonist
reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.	3.37	7	0	alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic
cephaloridine Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.	2.05	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.	4.71	30	0	imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).	3.27	6	0	glucitol	cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
alloxan Alloxan: Acidic compound formed by oxidation of URIC ACID. It is isolated as an efflorescent crystalline hydrate.. alloxan : A member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups.	3.51	8	0	pyrimidone	hyperglycemic agent; metabolite
thymidine [no description available]	7.09	131	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	2.05	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide [no description available]	2.7	3	0	benzodioxoles	pesticide synergist
benzimidazole 1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole.	2.39	2	0	benzimidazole; polycyclic heteroarene
bromouracil Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.	2.05	1	0	nucleobase analogue; pyrimidines	mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.	2.4	2	0
hydroxyproline Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.	5.97	35	0	4-hydroxyproline; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
histamine dihydrochloride Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.	2.05	1	0
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	4.01	14	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
dextroamphetamine Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.	2.48	2	0	1-phenylpropan-2-amine	adrenergic agent; adrenergic uptake inhibitor; dopamine uptake inhibitor; dopaminergic agent; neurotoxin; sympathomimetic agent
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	7.14	137	0	ammonium salt; carbamate ester	cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.	3.8	2	1	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; terminal acetylenic compound	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	3.7	10	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
prednisolone acetate prednisolone acetate: RN given refers to cpd with locant for acetate group in position 21 & (11 beta)-isomer	2.94	4	0	corticosteroid hormone
cyclobarbital cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative	2.74	3	0	barbiturates
aldosterone [no description available]	12.15	126	18	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
allobarbital allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects	2.46	2	0	barbiturates
pentolinium tartrate Pentolinium Tartrate: A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocking agent in hypertension.. pentolinium tartrate : The bitartrate salt of pentolinium.	1.97	1	0	tartrate salt	antihypertensive agent
penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.	4.74	30	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine	antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen
trichlorfon Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.05	1	0	organic phosphonate; organochlorine compound; phosphonic ester	agrochemical; anthelminthic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
lynestrenol Lynestrenol: A synthetic progestational hormone used often in mixtures with estrogens as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).	1.97	1	0	steroid
prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.	4.89	8	1	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	7.66	28	1	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
paramethasone Paramethasone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of corticosteroids. It has been used by mouth in the treatment of all conditions in which corticosteroid therapy is indicated except adrenal-deficiency states for which its lack of sodium-retaining properties makes it less suitable than HYDROCORTISONE with supplementary FLUDROCORTISONE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p737)	2.05	1	0	fluorinated steroid
fluprednisolone Fluprednisolone: A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties.	3.98	2	1	fluorinated steroid
methylprednisolone acetate Methylprednisolone Acetate: Methylprednisolone derivative that is used as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of ALLERGY and ALLERGIC RHINITIS; ASTHMA; and BURSITIS; and for the treatment of ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. methylprednisolone acetate : An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy function of 6alpha-methylprednisolone compound with acetic acid.	4.77	2	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; glucocorticoid; steroid ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
oxandrolone Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; oxa-steroid	anabolic agent; androgen
androsterone [no description available]	2.93	4	0	17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; C19-steroid	androgen; anticonvulsant; human blood serum metabolite; human metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; pheromone
dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.	8.4	22	2	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
nad [no description available]	2.05	1	0	NAD	geroprotector
dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole: An RNA polymerase II transcriptional inhibitor. This compound terminates transcription prematurely by selective inhibition of RNA synthesis. It is used in research to study underlying mechanisms of cellular regulation.	1.99	1	0
2-acetylaminofluorene 2-Acetylaminofluorene: A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic sulfonation to sulfoxyfluorenylacetamide. It is used to study the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of aromatic amines.	2.41	1	0	2-acetamidofluorenes	antimitotic; carcinogenic agent; epitope; mutagen
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	3.62	9	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
metaraminol Metaraminol: A sympathomimetic agent that acts predominantly at alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It has been used primarily as a vasoconstrictor in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. metaraminol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 2-amino-1-phenylethanol substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a phenolic hydroxy group at position 1. A sympathomimetic agent , it is used in the treatment of hypotension.	2.07	1	0	phenylethanolamines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
pilocarpine hydrochloride pilocarpine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of (+)-pilocarpine, a medication used to treat increased pressure inside the eye and dry mouth.	2.07	1	0	hydrochloride
pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.	5.75	20	1	pilocarpine	antiglaucoma drug
dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide: A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.	2.66	3	0	N-arylpiperazine; organic iodide salt; piperazinium salt; quaternary ammonium salt	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.	4.82	10	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	5.53	22	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
diethylnitrosamine Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.	3.52	8	0	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; mutagen
isonicotinic acid isonicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is at position 4 of the pyridine ring.	2.1	1	0	pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite
isoflurophate Isoflurophate: A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	2.08	1	0	dialkyl phosphate
biguanides Biguanides: Derivatives of biguanide (the structure formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2) that are primarily used as oral HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS for the treatment of DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 and PREDIABETES.. biguanides : A class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. They have a structure based on the 2-carbamimidoylguanidine skeleton.	2.92	4	0	guanidines
carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.	4.81	32	0	chlorocarbon; chloromethanes	hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant
cantharidin Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.	2.45	2	0	cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride; monoterpenoid	EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; herbicide
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	7.96	26	2	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	4.46	22	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4.	3.12	5	0	C-nitro compound; quinoline N-oxide	carcinogenic agent
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	2.94	4	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	3.78	11	0	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	8.09	17	1	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.	7.15	28	1	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allyl isothiocyanate allyl isothiocyanate: used in the manufacture of flavors, war gases; medical use as a counterirritant; structure. allyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate with the formula CH2=CHCH2N=C=S. A colorless oil with boiling point 152degreeC, it is responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi.	2.54	2	0	alkenyl isothiocyanate; isothiocyanate	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; lachrymator; metabolite
cetrimonium bromide cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.	2.05	1	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	detergent; surfactant
cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide.	1.97	1	0	pseudohalide anion	EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor
dimazine dimazine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,1-dimethylhydrazine : A member of the class of hydrazines that is hydrazine substituted by two methyl groups at position 1.	2.38	2	0	hydrazines	carcinogenic agent; fuel; teratogenic agent
vincristine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; formamides; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	3.11	5	0	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	4.19	17	0	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	4.31	4	1	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
chlordan Chlordan: A highly poisonous organochlorine insecticide. The EPA has cancelled registrations of pesticides containing this compound with the exception of its use through subsurface ground insertion for termite control and the dipping of roots or tops of non-food plants. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.05	1	0	cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
testosterone propionate Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.	2.8	3	0	steroid ester
tubocurarine Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.	2.67	3	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	4.66	27	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.	3.49	8	0	aporphine alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug
aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.	4.84	34	0	pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound	antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
methyltestosterone Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone	anabolic agent; androgen; antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine 9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.	2.05	1	0	benzoquinolizine; cyclic ketone; tertiary amino compound
puromycin aminonucleoside 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine: structure in first source. 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine : Puromycin derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring.	1.99	1	0	3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines
adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.	6.7	55	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.	2.05	1	0	azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.	2.25	1	0	tetrachlorophenol	xenobiotic metabolite
uridine [no description available]	3.08	5	0	uridines	drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
uridine diphosphate Uridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety.	2.41	1	0	pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.	2.47	2	0	kanamycins	bacterial metabolite
ethopabate Ethopabate: An inhibitor of folate metabolism. It is used as a coccidiostat in poultry.	2.07	1	0	amidobenzoic acid
bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	4.35	20	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.	3.7	10	0	D-galactose; galactopyranose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
carbostyril Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	8.24	24	3	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
piperoxan Piperoxan: A benzodioxane alpha-adrenergic blocking agent with considerable stimulatory action. It has been used to diagnose PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and as an antihypertensive agent.	1.96	1	0
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	5.22	50	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease	2.68	3	0	amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	3.99	14	0	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
tributyrin tributyrin: structure. tributyrin : A triglyceride obtained by formal acylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol by butyric acid.	2.04	1	0	butyrate ester; triglyceride	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; prodrug; protective agent
phenylethyl alcohol Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.	4.59	24	0	benzenes; primary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; fragrance; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	8.29	66	1	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
cysteamine Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.	4.05	15	0	amine; thiol	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; radiation protective agent
veratramine veratramine: structure. veratramine : A piperidine alkaloid comprising the 14,15,16,17-tetradehydro derivative of veratraman having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 23-positions.	2.07	1	0	piperidine alkaloid
phlorhizin [no description available]	3.38	7	0	aryl beta-D-glucoside; dihydrochalcones; monosaccharide derivative	antioxidant; plant metabolite
acepromazine Acepromazine: A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.. acepromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by an acetyl group at position 2 and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at position 10.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ketone; methyl ketone; phenothiazines; tertiary amino compound	phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
methoxamine Methoxamine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.. methoxamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group and the phenyl ring is 2- and 5-substituted with methoxy groups. It is an antihypotensive agent (pressor), an agonist acting directly at alpha-adrenoceptors with selectivity for the alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtype similar to phenylephrine .	3.85	12	0	amphetamines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypotensive agent
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	5.24	16	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
papaverine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
niridazole Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound
cloxacillin Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.	2.07	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	4.18	17	0	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
zoxazolamine Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.	2.07	1	0	benzoxazole
leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.	6.14	30	1	amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-nitrobenzoic acid 4-nitrobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-nitrobenzoic acid : A nitrobenzoic acid having the nitro group at the 4-position.	2.05	1	0	nitrobenzoic acid
berlition berlition: antioxidant preparation containing alpha-lipoic acid, used in the neuroprotective therapy of chronic brain ischemia for correction of free-radical processes. (R)-lipoic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties.. lipoic acid : A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.	2.07	1	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; lipoic acid; thia fatty acid	cofactor; nutraceutical; prosthetic group
methacholine chloride Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)	7.37	32	4	quaternary ammonium salt
aniline [no description available]	2.42	2	0	anilines; primary arylamine
2-aminoisobutyric acid 2-aminoisobutyric acid: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. 2-aminoisobutyric acid : A rare, non-protein amino acid and end-product of pyrimidine metabolism, excreted in urine and found in some antibiotics of fungal origin. With the exception of a few bacteria, it is non-metabolisable, and therefore used in bioassays.	2.37	2	0	2,2-dialkylglycine zwitterion; 2,2-dialkylglycine
dimethylnitrosamine Dimethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.	5.21	11	0	nitrosamine	geroprotector; mutagen
androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.	6.24	19	2	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
carbaryl Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.	2.4	2	0	carbamate ester; naphthalenes	acaricide; agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant growth retardant
cytidine monophosphate Cytidine Monophosphate: Cytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. cytidine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase.	1.96	1	0	cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
uridine triphosphate Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	5.36	18	0	pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.	2.47	2	0	lactose
methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.	3.38	7	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	2.4	2	0
phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.	3.13	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Mebutamate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	5.27	17	0	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.	5.85	37	0	alkaloid; colchicine	anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen
yohimbine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	7.8	223	0	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
ficusin Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.	2.41	1	0	psoralens	plant metabolite
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	5.32	55	0	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	3.86	4	0	chloromethanes; one-carbon compound	carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
dimethyl sulfone [no description available]	2.81	3	0	sulfone
fluocinolone acetonide Fluocinolone Acetonide: A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluocinolone acetonide : A fluorinated steroid that is flunisolide in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by fluorine. A corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used (both as the anhydrous form and as the dihydrate) in creams, gels and ointments for the treatment of various skin disorders.	2.05	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
triamcinolone diacetate triamcinolone diacetate: lysyl oxidase antagonist; Polcortolon may also refers to triamcinolone	2.04	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
ethamoxytriphetol Ethamoxytriphetol: A non-steroidal estrogen antagonist.	2.41	2	0	stilbenoid
gliotoxin Gliotoxin: A fungal toxin produced by various species of Trichoderma, Gladiocladium fimbriatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium. It is used as an immunosuppressive agent.. gliotoxin : A pyrazinoindole with a disulfide bridge spanning a dioxo-substituted pyrazine ring; mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi.	2.07	1	0	dipeptide; organic disulfide; organic heterotetracyclic compound; pyrazinoindole	antifungal agent; EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; proteasome inhibitor
dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.	2.69	3	0	formamides; volatile organic compound	geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent
norethindrone Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.	4.3	4	1	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.	2.05	1	0	oxo steroid
cycloserine Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).	2.07	1	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; zwitterion	antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antitubercular agent; metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
benziodarone benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.	2.37	2	0	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; progestin
chlorisondamine Chlorisondamine: A nicotinic antagonist used primarily as a ganglionic blocker in animal research. It has been used as an antihypertensive agent but has been supplanted by more specific drugs in most clinical applications.	1.96	1	0	isoindoles
tubercidin Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus.	2.9	4	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; ribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	3.42	7	0	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mannitol [no description available]	4.55	25	0	mannitol	allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent
cytarabine [no description available]	4.47	5	1	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent
dithionitrobenzoic acid Dithionitrobenzoic Acid: A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate.. dithionitrobenzoic acid : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid. An indicator used to quantify the number or concentration of thiol groups.	1.97	1	0	nitrobenzoic acid; organic disulfide	indicator
trifluridine Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.	2.07	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
thurfyl nicotinate [no description available]	1.96	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
ornithine Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5.	5.49	21	0	non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; ornithine	algal metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; mouse metabolite
dinitrofluorobenzene Dinitrofluorobenzene: Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.. 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : The organofluorine compound that is benzene with a fluoro substituent at the 1-position and two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions.	3.96	13	0	C-nitro compound; organofluorine compound	agrochemical; allergen; chromatographic reagent; EC 2.7.3.2 (creatine kinase) inhibitor; protein-sequencing agent; spectrophotometric reagent
asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group.	2.59	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-toluenesulfonamide 4-toluenesulfonamide: RN given refers to parent cpd. toluene-4-sulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide bearing a methyl group at position 4.	2	1	0	sulfonamide
4-hydroxypropiophenone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	acetophenones
histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.	5.31	13	1	amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
n-pentanol n-pentanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. pentan-1-ol : A short-chain primary fatty alcohol that is pentane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It has been isolated from Melicope ptelefolia.	2.46	2	0	pentanol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	human metabolite; plant metabolite
1,1,1-trichloroethane Trichloroethanes: Chlorinated ethanes which are used extensively as industrial solvents. They have been utilized in numerous home-use products including spot remover preparations and inhalant decongestant sprays. These compounds cause central nervous system and cardiovascular depression and are hepatotoxic. Include 1,1,1- and 1,1,2-isomers.. 1,1,1-trichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes carrying three chloro substituents at position 1.	3.79	2	1	chloroethanes	polar solvent
medroxyprogesterone acetate [no description available]	5.4	14	1	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; steroid ester	adjuvant; androgen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; female contraceptive drug; inhibitor; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
veratridine [no description available]	3.17	5	0	steroid	sodium channel modulator
sulfobromophthalein sodium bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.	3.51	8	0	organic sodium salt	dye
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	2.71	3	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.	3.11	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol [no description available]	2.41	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; aromatic ether; terminal acetylenic compound	prodrug; xenoestrogen
methaqualone Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.	2.05	1	0	quinazolines	GABA agonist; sedative
alizarin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	chromophore; dye; plant metabolite
dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane: An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)	2.07	1	0	chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	xenobiotic metabolite
trypan blue VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.	2.05	1	0
cordycepin [no description available]	3.14	5	0	3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines	antimetabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	7.86	22	1	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine.	1.99	1	0	aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
nifenalol nifenalol: adrenergic beta-blocker with good antiarrhythmic properties; also tends to lower blood pressure & provide protection against angina; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ETHANOLAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.36	2	0	C-nitro compound
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	13.87	149	8	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
ethane Ethane: A two carbon alkane with the formula H3C-CH3.. ethane : An alkane comprising of two carbon atoms.	2.39	2	0	alkane; gas molecular entity	plant metabolite; refrigerant
acetylene [no description available]	2.4	2	0	alkyne; gas molecular entity; terminal acetylenic compound
propane Propane: A three carbon alkane with the formula H3CCH2CH3.	2.48	2	0	alkane; gas molecular entity	food propellant
ethylamine ethylamine : A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.	2.69	3	0	primary aliphatic amine	human metabolite
acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.	2.05	1	0	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
methylene chloride Methylene Chloride: A chlorinated hydrocarbon that has been used as an inhalation anesthetic and acts as a narcotic in high concentrations. Its primary use is as a solvent in manufacturing and food technology.. dichloromethane : A member of the class of chloromethanes that is methane in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by chlorine. A dense, non-flammible colourless liquid at room temperature (b.p. 40degreeC, d = 1.33) which is immiscible with water, it is widely used as a solvent, a paint stripper, and for the removal of caffeine from coffee and tea.	3.31	6	0	chloromethanes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; polar aprotic solvent; refrigerant
ethylene oxide Ethylene Oxide: A colorless and flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Ethylene oxide is a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal disinfectant. It is effective against most micro-organisms, including viruses. It is used as a fumigant for foodstuffs and textiles and as an agent for the gaseous sterilization of heat-labile pharmaceutical and surgical materials. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p794). oxirane : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is a three-membered heterocycle of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.	1.96	1	0	gas molecular entity; oxacycle; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	allergen; mouse metabolite; mutagen
phosgene Phosgene: A highly toxic gas that has been used as a chemical warfare agent. It is an insidious poison as it is not irritating immediately, even when fatal concentrations are inhaled. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed, p7304). phosgene : An acyl chloride obtained by substitution of both hydrogens of formaldehyde by chlorine.. chloroketone : A ketone containing a chloro substituent.	3.48	2	0	acyl chloride
nitromethane nitromethane: structure. nitromethane : A primary nitroalkane that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replace by a nitro group. A polar solvent (b.p. 101 degreeC), it is an important starting material in organic synthesis. It is also used as a fuel for rockets and radio-controlled models.	2	1	0	primary nitroalkane; volatile organic compound	EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; explosive; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
tetramethylammonium tetramethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetramethylammonium : The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.	1.96	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
tert-butyl alcohol tert-Butyl Alcohol: An isomer of butanol that contains a tertiary butyl group that consists of three methyl groups, each separately attached to a central (tertiary) carbon.. tert-butanol : A tertiary alcohol alcohol that is isobutane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.	2.42	2	0	tertiary alcohol	human xenobiotic metabolite
tert-amyl alcohol 2-methylbutan-2-ol : A tertiary alcohol that is propan-1-ol in which both of the hydrogens at position 1 have been replaced by methyl groups.	2.05	1	0	aliphatic alcohol; tertiary alcohol	protic solvent
tert-butylhydroperoxide tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.. tert-butyl hydroperoxide : An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl. It is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.	3.38	7	0	alkyl hydroperoxide	antibacterial agent; oxidising agent
trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.	4.22	5	0	monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mouse metabolite
triamcinolone acetonide Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.	3.42	7	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
bromcresol green Bromcresol Green: An indicator and reagent. It has been used in serum albumin determinations and as a pH indicator.	3.1	5	0	benzofurans
mepenzolate bromide [no description available]	2.07	1	0	diarylmethane
allylpropymal allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
gibberellic acid gibberellic acid: RN given refers to (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-isomer; structure. gibberellin A3 : A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi,it differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of a double bond between C-3 and C-4.	2.07	1	0	C19-gibberellin; gibberellin monocarboxylic acid; lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound	mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.	2.91	4	0	benzenes; piperidines	anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug
butobarbital butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	8.61	11	3	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
quinic acid (-)-quinic acid : The (-)-enantiomer of quinic acid.	3.52	7	0
3-mercaptopropionic acid 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid: An inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase. It decreases the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID concentration in the brain, thereby causing convulsions.. 3-mercaptopropanoic acid : A mercaptopropanoic acid that is propanoic acid carrying a sulfanyl group at position 3.	2.37	2	0	mercaptopropanoic acid	algal metabolite
linalool linalool: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. linalool : A monoterpenoid that is octa-1,6-diene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from plants like Ocimum canum.	2.73	3	0	monoterpenoid; tertiary alcohol	antimicrobial agent; fragrance; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
isobutyl alcohol isobutyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol	Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-butanol 2-butanol: RN given is for parent cpd without isomeric designation. butan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is butane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.	2.05	1	0	secondary alcohol
methylethyl ketone methylethyl ketone: solvent; colorless synthetic resins, smokeless powders; may be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes; may be toxic in high concentrations; structure. butanone : Any ketone that is butane substituted by an oxo group at unspecified position.. butan-2-one : A dialkyl ketone that is a four-carbon ketone carrying a single keto- group at position C-2.	2	1	0	butanone; dialkyl ketone; methyl ketone; volatile organic compound	bacterial metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.	2.71	3	0	chloroethenes	inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite
acrylic acid acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group.	2.05	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid	metabolite
methyl acetate methyl acetate : An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of acetic acid with methanol. A low-boiling (57 degreeC) colourless, flammable liquid, it is used as a solvent for many resins and oils.	2	1	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; volatile organic compound	EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; fragrance; polar aprotic solvent
nitroethane nitroethane : A nitroalkane that is ethane substituted by a nitro group.	2	1	0	primary nitroalkane
pempidine Pempidine: A nicotinic antagonist most commonly used as an experimental tool. It has been used as a ganglionic blocker in the treatment of hypertension but has largely been supplanted for that purpose by more specific drugs.	1.96	1	0	piperidines
pantothenic acid Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.	2.07	1	0	pantothenic acid; vitamin B5	antidote to curare poisoning; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite
tetrabromobisphenol a tetrabromobisphenol A: a brominated flame retardant. 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A : A bromobisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups and the phenyl rings are substituted by bromo groups at positions 2, 2', 6 and 6'. It is a brominated flame retardant.	2.05	1	0	brominated flame retardant; bromobisphenol
bisphenol a 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.	3.01	4	0	bisphenol	endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic; xenoestrogen
cumene hydroperoxide cumene hydroperoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd. cumene hydroperoxide : A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group.	2.69	3	0	peroxol	environmental contaminant; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; oxidising agent
sulfachlorpyridazine Sulfachlorpyridazine: A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.. sulfachloropyridazine : A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.	2.07	1	0	organochlorine compound; pyridazines; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
p-tert-amylphenol p-tert-amylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0	alkylbenzene
alpha-pinene [no description available]	2.06	1	0	pinene	plant metabolite
methylmethacrylate Methylmethacrylate: The methyl ester of methacrylic acid. It polymerizes easily to form POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE. It is used as a bone cement.. methyl methacrylate : An enoate ester having methacrylic acid as the carboxylic acid component and methanol as the alcohol component.	2.66	3	0	enoate ester; methyl ester	allergen; polymerisation monomer
dehydrocholic acid Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.	2.46	2	0	12-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-5beta-steroid; 7-oxo steroid; oxo-5beta-cholanic acid	gastrointestinal drug
taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.	5.31	55	0	amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
visnagin visnagin: from Musineon divaricatum. visnagin : A furanochromone that is furo[3,2-g]chromen-5-one which is substituted at positions 4 and 7 by methoxy and methyl groups, respectively. Found in the toothpick-plant, Ammi visnaga.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; furanochromone; polyketide	anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; EC 1.1.1.37 (malate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; phytotoxin; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.	7.53	28	2	6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	3.43	7	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
skimmianine skimmianine: furanoquinoline alkaloid from Teclea (RUTACEAE)	2.48	2	0	alkaloid antibiotic; organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
9,10-phenanthrenequinone 9,10-phenanthrenequinone: structure	2.37	2	0	phenanthrenes
syrosingopine syrosingopine: was heading 1963-94; SYRINGOPINE was see SYROSINGOPINE 1977-94; use RESERPINE to search SYROSINGOPINE 1966-94	2.07	1	0	yohimban alkaloid
diisobutyl phthalate diisobutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.	1.96	1	0	diester; phthalate ester	plasticiser; PPAR modulator; teratogenic agent
pyocyanine Pyocyanine: Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. pyocyanine : An iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group. An antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	2.08	1	0	iminium betaine; phenazines	antibacterial agent; bacterial metabolite; biological pigment; virulence factor
brompheniramine Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	2.69	3	0	organobromine compound; pyridines	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
phensuximide phensuximide: major descriptor (73-84); on-line search SUCCINIMIDES (73-84); Index Medicus search PHENSUXIMIDE (73-84); RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.07	1	0	pyrrolidines
fluorene [no description available]	2	1	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon
carbazole carbazole: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	carbazole
dimethisoquin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	isoquinolines
penicillin v Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.	2.1	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.	12.75	10	6	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
phthalide 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one : A gamma-lactone that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran in which the hydrogens at position 1 are replaced by an oxo group.. isobenzofuranone : A 2-benzofuran containing one or more oxo groups.	2.05	1	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone
gramine gramine : An aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3.	2.07	1	0	aminoalkylindole; indole alkaloid; tertiary amino compound	antibacterial agent; antiviral agent; plant metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
hexamethylbenzene hexamethylbenzene : A methylbenzene that is benzene in which all six hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.	2	1	0	methylbenzene
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source	2.89	4	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	alkylbenzene
picryl chloride Picryl Chloride: A hapten that generates suppressor cells capable of down-regulating the efferent phase of trinitrophenol-specific contact hypersensitivity. (Arthritis Rheum 1991 Feb;34(2):180).. 1-chloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene : The C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.	3.51	8	0	C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes	allergen; epitope; explosive; hapten
picric acid picric acid: used as antiseptic, astringent & stimulant for epitheliazation; structure. picric acid : A C-nitro compound comprising phenol having three nitro substtituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.	1.98	1	0	C-nitro compound	antiseptic drug; explosive; fixative
2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions.	2.05	1	0	arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound
thymol Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.	4.88	4	2	monoterpenoid; phenols	volatile oil component
2-phenylphenol 2-phenylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. biphenyl-2-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.	1.99	1	0	hydroxybiphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; environmental food contaminant
xanthone xanthone : The parent compound of the xanthone class consisting of xanthene bearing a single oxo substituent at position 9.	2.01	1	0	xanthones	insecticide
quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.	4.62	26	0	mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene
quinoline [no description available]	2.74	3	0	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinolines
isatin tribulin: endogenous MONOAMINE OXIDASE inhibitory activity extractable into ethyl acetate found in brain and many mammalian tissues and fluids; ISATIN is a major component; produced in excess following alcohol withdrawal;	2.46	2	0	indoledione	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
2-naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.. 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2.	1.98	1	0	naphthylamine	carcinogenic agent
3,3'-diaminobenzidine 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine: A chemically and thermodynamically stable derivative of BENZIDINE.. 3,3'-diaminobenzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is benzidine in which one of the hydrogens ortho to each of the amino groups has been replaced by an amino group.	2.02	1	0	biphenyls; substituted aniline	histological dye
phenidone phenidone: photographic developer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.91	13	0
diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure	2	1	0	aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative
phenylpiperazine phenylpiperazine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.1	1	0
xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.	6.42	55	0	xanthene
phenothiazine 10H-phenothiazine : The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.	2.47	2	0	phenothiazine	ferroptosis inhibitor; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
thianthrene thianthrene: in its electron deficient state, effects formation of high-energy phosphate bonds in process of oxidative phosphorylation; structure. thianthrene : The organosulfur heterocyclic compound that is the parent compound of the thianthrenes, a tricyclic structure comprising two benzene rings fused to the b and e sides of 1,4-dithin.	2.05	1	0	mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; thianthrenes
benzidine benzidine: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl in which the hydrogen at the para-position of each phenyl group has been replaced by an amino group.	2.69	3	0	biphenyls; substituted aniline	carcinogenic agent
veratric acid veratric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 3.	2.08	1	0	benzoic acids	allergen; plant metabolite
2-naphthoic acid 2-naphthoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthoic acid : A naphthoic acid that is naphthalene carrying a carboxy group at position 2.	2.1	1	0	naphthoic acid	mouse metabolite; xenobiotic metabolite
methyleugenol methyleugenol: structure	2.11	1	0	phenylpropanoid
methyl benzoate methyl benzoate : A benzoate ester obtained by condensation of benzoic acid and methanol.	2.42	2	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester	insect attractant; metabolite
methyl nicotinate methyl nicotinate: erythema provoked is basis of a methylnicotinate test of anti-inflammatories	3.41	1	1	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
mecoprop mecoprop: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl group.. mecoprop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mecoprop.	2.1	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes
ethyl benzoate ethyl benzoate : A benzoate ester obtained by condensation of benzoic acid and ethanol. It is a volatile oil component found in ripe kiwifruit, cranberry juice, and palm kernel oil.	2.05	1	0	benzoate ester; ethyl ester	flavouring agent; fragrance; volatile oil component
synephrine [no description available]	2.77	3	0	ethanolamines; phenethylamine alkaloid; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; plant metabolite
propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)	2.15	1	0	benzoate ester; paraben; phenols	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent
butylparaben [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.	2.41	2	0	carbonyl compound
benzothiophene [no description available]	2.46	2	0	1-benzothiophenes; benzothiophene
benzothiazole benzothiazole: structure. benzothiazole : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is a fusion product between benzene and thiazole. The parent of the class of benzothiazoles.	2.05	1	0	benzothiazoles	environmental contaminant; plant metabolite; xenobiotic
1,2-diaminobenzene 1,2-diaminobenzene: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,2-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the two amino groups are ortho to each other.	2.02	1	0	phenylenediamine	hydrogen donor
thioglycerol thioglycerol: potentiates action of bradykinin in guinea-pig ileum; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. monothioglycerol : A thiol that is glycerol in which one of the primary hydroxy groups is replaced by a thiol group.	1.97	1	0	propane-1,2-diols; thiol	reducing agent; vulnerary
cyclopentanol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cyclopentanols
4-butyrolactone 4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	7.03	21	4	butan-4-olide	metabolite; neurotoxin
soman Soman: An organophosphorus compound that inhibits cholinesterase. It causes seizures and has been used as a chemical warfare agent.	1.96	1	0	phosphonic ester
furfuryl alcohol furfuryl alcohol: structure. furfuryl alcohol : A furan bearing a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 2-position.	2.07	1	0	furans; primary alcohol	Maillard reaction product
furaldehyde Furaldehyde: A heterocyclic compound consisting of a furan where the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a formyl group.. furfural : An aldehyde that is furan with the hydrogen at position 2 substituted by a formyl group.	2.21	1	0	aldehyde; furans	Maillard reaction product; metabolite
benzotrifluoride alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluorotoluene: structure in first source. (trifluoromethyl)benzene : A fluorohydrocarbon that is fluoroform in which the hydrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.	2	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; fluorohydrocarbon	environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent
trans-4-tert-butylcyclohexanol 4-tert-butylcyclohexanol: a TRPV1 channel antagonist for treating sensitive skin; structure in first source	3.51	1	1
butylphen butylphen: irritant; structure. 4-tert-butylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted with a tert-butyl group at position 4.	2.42	2	0	phenols	allergen
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid: A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of GLUTAMINE or GLUTATHIONE metabolism.. 5-oxo-L-proline : An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration.	3.23	6	0	5-oxoproline; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	algal metabolite
acetophenone acetophenone : A methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.	2.42	2	0	acetophenones	animal metabolite; photosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
nitrobenzene nitrobenzene : A nitroarene consisting of benzene carrying a single nitro substituent. An industrial chemical used widely in the production of aniline.	2.42	2	0	nitroarene; nitrobenzenes
chelidonic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	carbonyl compound; pyrans
sym-trinitrobenzene Trinitrobenzenes: Benzene derivatives which are substituted with three nitro groups in any position.. 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene : A trinitrobenzene in which each of the nitro groups is meta- to the other two.	2.88	4	0	trinitrobenzene	explosive
carvone carvone: an oxidized derivative of limonene; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; L-carvone has spearmint flavor, D-carvone has dill/caraway flavor. carvone : A p-menthane monoterpenoid that consists of cyclohex-2-enone having methyl and isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 5, respectively.	2.44	2	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; carvones	allergen
4-bromophenacyl bromide 4-bromophenacyl bromide: phospholipidase A(2) inhibitor; structure	4.23	18	0
gamma-terpinene gamma-terpinene: RN given refers to gamma-terpinene; structure. gamma-terpinene : One of three isomeric monoterpenes differing in the positions of their two double bonds (alpha- and beta-terpinene being the others). In gamma-terpinene the double bonds are at the 1- and 4-positions of the p-menthane skeleton.	2.98	4	0	cyclohexadiene; monoterpene	antioxidant; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
4-isopropylphenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	phenols	flavouring agent
4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-hydroxyacetophenone: promotes secretion of bile & bile salts, which promotes griseofulvin absorption in the duodenum. 4'-hydroxyacetophenone : A monohydroxyacetophenone carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4'.	2.05	1	0	monohydroxyacetophenone	fungal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
4-chloronitrobenzene [no description available]	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound
4-nitroaniline [no description available]	2.05	1	0	nitroaniline	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
terephthalic acid terephthalic acid: RN given refers to 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid. terephthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid carrying carboxy groups at positions 1 and 4. One of three possible isomers of benzenedicarboxylic acid, the others being phthalic and isophthalic acids.	2.03	1	0	benzenedicarboxylic acid
ethylbenzene [no description available]	2.05	1	0	alkylbenzene
4-vinylpyridine 4-vinylpyridine: reagent for blocking cysteine function in proteins; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	0
benzyl chloride benzyl chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. chlorophenylmethane : A chlorohydrocarbon that is phenylmethane substituted by a chloro group at unspecified position.. benzyl chloride : A member of the class of benzyl chlorides that is toluene substituted on the alpha-carbon with chlorine.	2.05	1	0	benzyl chlorides
benzonitrile benzonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a phenyl group.	2.42	2	0	benzenes; nitrile
methylaniline methylaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd. methylaniline : A substituted aniline carrying one or more methyl groups at unspecified positions.	2.05	1	0	methylaniline; phenylalkylamine; secondary amine
phenylhydrazine [no description available]	1.97	1	0	phenylhydrazines	xenobiotic
anisole anisole : A monomethoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by a methoxy group.	2.42	2	0	monomethoxybenzene	plant metabolite
2-vinylpyridine [no description available]	1.98	1	0
quinuclidines Quinuclidines: A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group.	3.52	8	0	quinuclidines; saturated organic heterobicyclic parent
pyridostigmine bromide Pyridostigmine Bromide: A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.	2.72	3	0	pyridinium salt
1,3-cyclopentadiene 1,3-cyclopentadiene: structure	2.05	1	0	cycloalkadiene
phenetole phenetole : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen is bonded to an ethyl and a phenyl group.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
benzonatate benzonatate: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1107. benzonatate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.	2.07	1	0	benzoate ester; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	anaesthetic; antitussive
nonoxynol Nonoxynol: Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams.	2.06	1	0
1,4-dibromobenzene [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dibromobenzene
4-bromophenol 4-bromophenol : A bromophenol containing only hydroxy and bromo substituents that are para to one another.	2.05	1	0	bromophenol	human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; marine metabolite; mouse metabolite; persistent organic pollutant; rat metabolite
4-xylene p-xylene : A xylene with methyl groups at positions 1 and 4.	2.05	1	0	xylene
4-chloroaniline 4-chloroaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloroaniline : A chloroaniline in which the chloro atom is para to the aniline amino group.	2	1	0	chloroaniline; monochlorobenzenes
4-phenylenediamine 4-phenylenediamine: agent hair dye responsible for contact dermatitis; RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,4-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the amino functions are at positions 1 and 4 of the benzene nucleus.	2.04	1	0	phenylenediamine	allergen; dye; hapten; reagent
4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide: activates caspase cascades; structure. 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide : The diepoxide of 4-vinylcyclohexene.	2.11	1	0	epoxide	carcinogenic agent
acrolein [no description available]	5.31	20	0	enal	herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin
2-bromoethylamine [no description available]	2.65	3	0
propionitrile propionitrile: structure. propionitrile : A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the carbon-carbon double bond has been reduced to a single bond.	2.38	2	0	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	polar aprotic solvent
sarin Sarin: An organophosphorus ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. It is toxic to the nervous system and is a chemical warfare agent.. isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate : A phosphinic ester that is the isopropyl ester of methylphosphonofluoridic acid.. sarin : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-sarin. A potent and irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase that is toxic to the nervous system and is employed as a chemical warfare agent.	3.3	6	0	fluorine molecular entity; phosphinic ester
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	4.37	7	0	alkane
2-pentanone pentanone : Any ketone that is pentane substituted by an oxo group at unspecified position.	2.04	1	0	methyl ketone; pentanone	plant metabolite
deanol Deanol: An antidepressive agent that has also been used in the treatment of movement disorders. The mechanism of action is not well understood.. N,N-dimethylethanolamine : A tertiary amine that is ethanolamine having two N-methyl substituents.	2.1	1	0	ethanolamines; tertiary amine	curing agent; radical scavenger
isobutylmethylcarbinol isobutylmethylcarbinol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.05	1	0
maleic anhydride Maleic Anhydrides: Used in copolymerization reactions, in the Diels-Alder(diene)synthesis, in the preparation of resins, pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals. It is a powerful irritant and causes burns.. maleic anhydride : A cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride that is the cyclic anhydride of maleic acid.	2.07	1	0	cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride; furans	allergen
3-chlorophenol 3-chlorophenol : A monochlorophenol carrying the chloro substituent at position 3.	2.05	1	0	monochlorophenol
melamine melamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. melamine : A trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton.	2.47	2	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine	xenobiotic metabolite
cyanuric acid cyanuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. isocyanuric acid : The keto tautomer of cyanuric acid.. cyanuric acid : The enol tautomer of isocyanuric acid.	2.05	1	0	1,3,5-triazinanes; 1,3,5-triazines; heteroaryl hydroxy compound	xenobiotic
bromobenzene [no description available]	2.42	2	0	bromoarene; bromobenzenes; volatile organic compound	hepatotoxic agent; mouse metabolite; non-polar solvent
chlorobenzene [no description available]	2	1	0	monochlorobenzenes	solvent
cyclohexanol Cyclohexanols: Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.. cyclohexanols : An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton.	4.53	5	1	cyclohexanols; secondary alcohol	solvent
4-methylmorpholine [no description available]	2.1	1	0
triethylene glycol dimethacrylate [no description available]	2.73	3	0
pentane Pentanes: Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. pentane : A straight chain alkane consisting of 5 carbon atoms.	2.38	2	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; refrigerant
n-butylamine n-butylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. butan-1-amine : A primary aliphatic amine that is butane substituted by an amino group at position 1.	2.1	1	0	primary aliphatic amine
methyl cellosolve methyl cellosolve: widely used industrial solvent for resins, lacquers, dyes & inks; may cause anemia macrocytosis, appearance of young granulocytes in blood; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.4	2	0	glycol ether	protic solvent; solvent
dimethoxymethane dimethoxymethane : An acetal that is the dimethyl acetal derivative of formaldehyde.	2	1	0	acetal; diether
diethylamine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	secondary aliphatic amine
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	8.94	66	3	pyrrole; secondary amine
tetrahydrofuran oxolane : A cyclic ether that is butane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by an oxygen.	2.42	2	0	cyclic ether; oxolanes; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; volatile organic compound	polar aprotic solvent
furan furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.	2.72	3	0	furans; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; Maillard reaction product
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	6.53	59	0	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.	2.74	3	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
1,4-butanediol butane-1,4-diol : A butanediol that is butane in which one hydrogen of each of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. A colourless, water-miscible, viscous liquid at room temperature (m.p. 16degreeC) with a high boiling point (230degreeC), it is mainly used for the production of other organic chemicals, particularly the solvent oxolane (also known as tetrahydrofuran or THF).	2.05	1	0	butanediol; glycol	neurotoxin; prodrug; protic solvent
cyclohexane Cyclohexane: C6H12. cyclohexane : An alicyclic hydrocarbon comprising a ring of six carbon atoms; the cyclic form of hexane, used as a raw material in the manufacture of nylon.	2	1	0	cycloalkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
cyclohexene cyclohexene : A cycloalkene that is cylohexane with a single double bond.	2	1	0	cycloalkene
piperidine [no description available]	2.43	2	0	azacycloalkane; piperidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; secondary amine	base; catalyst; human metabolite; non-polar solvent; plant metabolite; protic solvent; reagent
morpholine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	morpholines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	NMR chemical shift reference compound
heptanoic acid heptanoic acid : A C7, straight-chain fatty acid that contributes to the odour of some rancid oils. Used in the preparation of esters for the fragrance industry, and as an additive in cigarettes.	2.03	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	plant metabolite
1-hexanol 1-hexanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. hexanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of six carbon atoms.. hexan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is hexane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.	2.05	1	0	hexanol; primary alcohol	alarm pheromone; antibacterial agent; fragrance; plant metabolite
1,5-pentanediol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	primary alcohol
hexahydroazepine hexahydroazepine: RN given refers to parent cpd. azepane : An azacycloalkane that is cycloheptane in which one of the carbon atoms is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	2.1	1	0	azacycloalkane; azepanes; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
heptanol Heptanol: A colorless liquid with a fragrant odor. It is used as an intermediate, solvent and in cosmetics.. heptanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of seven carbon atoms.. heptan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated from Capillipedium parviflorum.	2.05	1	0	heptanol; primary alcohol	flavouring agent; fragrance; gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor; plant metabolite
methyl palmitate [no description available]	2.45	2	0	fatty acid methyl ester	metabolite
ergotamine Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.	2.48	2	0	peptide ergot alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; mycotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; oxytocic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
methylergonovine Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)	6.27	6	2	ergoline alkaloid
neostigmine bromide neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.	2.05	1	0	bromide salt
phenformin Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.	2.47	2	0	biguanides	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.7	3	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant
2-methylbutanoic acid 2-methylbutanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 2-methylbutyric acid : A methylbutyric acid comprising a butyric acid core carrying a 2-methyl substituent. Produced from amino acid leucine during nutrient starvation in bacteria.	2.03	1	0	methylbutyric acid	bacterial metabolite; human metabolite
diethylhexyl phthalate Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	3.1	5	0	diester; phthalate ester	androstane receptor agonist; apoptosis inhibitor; plasticiser
hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.	2.49	2	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorobenzenes	antifungal agrochemical; carcinogenic agent; persistent organic pollutant
trinitrotoluene Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.	2.05	1	0	trinitrotoluene	explosive
framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.	4.07	15	0	aminoglycoside	allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite
2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) [no description available]	2.07	1	0	diarylmethane
benzoin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	benzoins; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor
scoparone scoparone: structure. scoparone : A member of the class of coumarins that is esculetin in which the two hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 7 are replaced by methoxy groups. It is a major constituent of the Chinese herbal medicine Yin Chen Hao, and exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-tumor activities.	2.02	1	0	aromatic ether; coumarins	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; antilipemic drug; immunosuppressive agent; plant metabolite
dibenzoylmethane dibenzoylmethane : A beta-diketone that is acetylacetone (acac) in which both methyl groups have been replaced by phenyl groups. It is a minor constituent of the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and exhibits antimutagenic and anticancer effects.	2.02	1	0	aromatic ketone; beta-diketone	antimutagen; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate: structure	2.72	3	0	ethyl ester; paraben	antifungal agent; antimicrobial food preservative; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
n-methylpyrrolidine N-methylpyrrolidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.1	1	0
vanillic acid Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.	2.48	2	0	methoxybenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid	plant metabolite
triethylamine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	tertiary amine
3-nitrobenzoic acid 3-nitrobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1	0
sulfan blue sulfan blue: widely used to visualize lymph vessels for lymphography; structure	1.96	1	0	organic molecular entity
pyrazolanthrone pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.	4.07	14	0	anthrapyrazole; aromatic ketone; cyclic ketone	antineoplastic agent; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; geroprotector
diatrizoate meglumine Diatrizoate Meglumine: A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.. meglumine amidotrizoate : The N-methylglucamine salt of amidotrizoic acid. Both the sodium and the meglumine salts of amidotrizoic acid have been widely used as water-soluble radioopaque media in diagnostic radiography. The use of a mixture of the two salts is often preferred, as adverse effects can be reduced.	1.96	1	0	monocarboxylic acid anion	radioopaque medium
meglumine Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.	4.5	7	0	hexosamine; secondary amino compound
monobutyl phthalate monobutyl phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.25	1	0	phthalic acid monoester
cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94	2.47	2	0	quinolines
chloroprocaine chloroprocaine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. chloroprocaine : Procaine in which one of the hydrogens ortho- to the carboxylic acid group is substituted by chlorine. It is used as its monohydrochloride salt as a local anaesthetic, particularly for oral surgery. It has the advantage over lidocaine of constricting blood vessels, so reducing bleeding.	2.49	2	0	benzoate ester; monochlorobenzenes	central nervous system depressant; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
iodohippuric acid Iodohippuric Acid: An iodine-containing compound used in pyelography as a radiopaque medium. If labeled with radioiodine, it can be used for studies of renal function.. 2-iodohippuric acid : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-iodobenzoic acid with the amino group of glycine.	1.98	1	0	benzamides; N-acylglycine; organoiodine compound
indolebutyric acid indolebutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. indole-3-butyric acid : A indol-3-yl carboxylic acid that is butanoic acid carrying a 1H-indol-3-yl substituent at position 1.	2.07	1	0	indol-3-yl carboxylic acid	auxin; plant hormone; plant metabolite
uridine diphosphate glucose Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism.	2.04	1	0	UDP-D-glucose	fundamental metabolite
2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.	3.12	5	0	naphthol	antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
2-ethylhexanoic acid 2-ethylhexanoic acid: structure in first source; wood preservative; 2-ethylhexanoic acid is active ingredient in Sinesto B	2.03	1	0	branched-chain fatty acid
2-methylbutanol 2-methylbutanol: fragrance; structure in first source. 2-methylbutan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is isopentane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.	2.05	1	0	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol	Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
shikimic acid Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.	2.78	3	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-nitrosodimethylaniline 4-nitrosodimethylaniline: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline : A member of the class of dimethylanilines that is N,N-dimethylaniline having a nitroso group at the 4-position.	2	1	0	dimethylaniline; nitroso compound; tertiary amino compound
nitrilotriacetic acid Nitrilotriacetic Acid: A derivative of acetic acid, N(CH2COOH)3. It is a complexing (sequestering) agent that forms stable complexes with Zn2+. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed.)	2.17	1	0	NTA; tricarboxylic acid	carcinogenic agent; nephrotoxic agent
protocatechualdehyde protocatechualdehyde: found in wheat grains, wheat seedlings, & other plants; RN given refers to parent cpd; see also rancinamycins; structure	2.25	1	0	dihydroxybenzaldehyde
p-cresyl acetate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzoate ester; phenols
citronellol citronellol: alcohol form of citronellal; found in rose oil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. citronellol : A monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7.. insect repellent : An insecticide that acts as a repellent to insects.	2.48	2	0	monoterpenoid	plant metabolite
n-butyl acrylate butyl acrylate : An acrylate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol with the carboxy group of acrylic acid.	2.05	1	0	acrylate ester
ethyl acetate ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol.	5.05	15	0	acetate ester; ethyl ester; volatile organic compound	EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; metabolite; polar aprotic solvent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hexanoic acid hexanoic acid : A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid.	2.03	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	human metabolite; plant metabolite
n-heptane Heptanes: Seven-carbon alkanes with the formula C7H16.. heptane : A straight-chain alkane with seven carbon atoms. It has been found in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi).	2.13	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; plant metabolite
sodium cyanide Sodium Cyanide: A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes and is used as a test reagent for the function of chemoreceptors. It is also used in many industrial processes.. sodium cyanide : A cyanide salt containing equal numbers of sodium cations and cyanide anions.	2.02	1	0	cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; sodium salt	EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor
pregnenolone [no description available]	4.88	8	1	20-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; C21-steroid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
20-alpha-dihydroprogesterone 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone: A biologically active 20-alpha-reduced metabolite of PROGESTERONE. It is converted from progesterone to 20-alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one by the 20-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE in the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA.	2.66	3	0	20-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.	5.17	47	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
3-o-methylglucose 3-O-Methylglucose: A non-metabolizable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase. 3-O-Methylglucose is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems. (J Neurochem 1993;60(4):1498-504). 3-O-methyl-D-glucose : A D-aldohexose that is D-glucose in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group at position 3 has been substituted by a methyl group. It is a non-metabolisable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase and is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems.	3.23	6	0	D-aldohexose derivative
2-chloroadenosine 5-chloroformycin A: structure given in first source	3.76	11	0	purine nucleoside
diphenhydramine hydrochloride Antitussive Agents: Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.. diphenhydramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenhydramine.	2.07	1	0	hydrochloride; organoammonium salt	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; sedative
ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.	2.93	4	0	dithiocarbamic acids	chelator; copper chelator
1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt: A colorimetric reagent for iron, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, and complexes of zirconium. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.02	1	0	organic molecular entity
3-hydroxyanisole 3-hydroxyanisole: structure in first source. 3-methoxyphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol having a methoxy-substituent at the 3-position.	2.05	1	0	monomethoxybenzene; phenols
mequinol mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.46	2	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols	metabolite
potassium cyanide [no description available]	2.68	3	0	cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; potassium salt	EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; neurotoxin
aziridine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	azacycloalkane; aziridines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	alkylating agent
quinestrol Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)	2.05	1	0	17-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
dydrogesterone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid	progestin
catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.	9.28	50	3	catechin	antioxidant; plant metabolite
phenetidine Phenetidine: Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin.. 4-ethoxyaniline : An aromatic ether that is aniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an ethoxy group. It is a hydrolysis metabolite of phenacetin.	2.01	1	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	drug metabolite
diazooxonorleucine Diazooxonorleucine: An amino acid that inhibits phosphate-activated glutaminase and interferes with glutamine metabolism. It is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by an unidentified species of Streptomyces from Peruvian soil. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-norleucine which is substituted at position 5 by an oxo group and at position 6 by a diazo group. It is as inhibitor of various glutamine-utilising enzymes.	2.06	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; diazo compound; ketone; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	analgesic; antibacterial agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.4.2.14 (amidophosphoribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.2 (glutaminase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.4.2 [CTP synthase (glutamine hydrolyzing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.1 [NAD(+) synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.2 [GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.3 (phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.4 [asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.5 [carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; glutamine antagonist
perylene Perylene: A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as dinaphthalene. It is used as fluorescent lipid probe in the cytochemistry of membranes and is a polycyclic hydrocarbon pollutant in soil and water. Derivatives may be carcinogenic.. perylene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene comprising of five benzene rings that is anthracene in which the d,e and k,l sides are fused to benzene rings.	3.14	5	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene; perylenes
phenanthridine phenanthridine : An azaarene that is the 9-aza derivative of phenanthrene. The parent of the class of phenanthridines.	2.05	1	0	azaarene; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; phenanthridines; polycyclic heteroarene
quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.	6.52	44	1	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines
acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	2.71	3	0	acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	genotoxin
indazoles Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES.	3.91	12	0	indazole
benzoxazoles 1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton.	3.25	6	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent
adamantane Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.	2.03	1	0	adamantanes; polycyclic alkane
cyclopentane Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution.	6.82	19	1	cycloalkane; cyclopentanes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	8.48	43	2	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	4.87	34	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	12.92	182	11	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
pyrimidine pyrimidine : The parent compound of the pyrimidines; a diazine having the two nitrogens at the 1- and 3-positions.	2.46	2	0	diazine; pyrimidines	Daphnia magna metabolite
pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.	4.92	11	0	diazine; pyrazines	Daphnia magna metabolite
propantheline bromide [no description available]	2.07	1	0	xanthenes
nitroblue tetrazolium Nitroblue Tetrazolium: Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.	3.07	5	0	organic cation
triphenyltetrazolium triphenyltetrazolium: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium : An organic cation that is tetrazole carrying three phenyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 5.	2.02	1	0	organic cation
methylphenazonium methosulfate Methylphenazonium Methosulfate: Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE.	1.96	1	0	azaheterocycle sulfate salt; phenazines
calcium gluconate [no description available]	3.58	3	0	calcium salt	nutraceutical
ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.	3.18	5	0	phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines	bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
muscarine Muscarine: A toxic alkaloid found in Amanita muscaria (fly fungus) and other fungi of the Inocybe species. It is the first parasympathomimetic substance ever studied and causes profound parasympathetic activation that may end in convulsions and death. The specific antidote is atropine.	3.25	6	0	monosaccharide
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.	8.67	77	1	azane; hydrazines	EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
thiocyanate thiocyanate: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiocyanate : A pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid.	1.96	1	0	pseudohalide anion; sulfur molecular entity	human metabolite
chlormadinone acetate Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).	2.05	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
gamma-resorcylic acid [no description available]	2	1	0	dihydroxybenzoic acid	metabolite
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid: tyrosing metabolite; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid : A 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group.	2.03	1	0	2-hydroxy carboxylic acid; phenols	bacterial metabolite; human metabolite
dexamethasone 21-phosphate dexamethasone 21-phosphate: has anti-inflammatory activity. dexamethasone phosphate : A steroid phosphate that is the 21-O-phospho derivative of dexamethasone.	1.97	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; fluorinated steroid; steroid phosphate; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	glucocorticoid receptor agonist
evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.	4.73	11	0	organic sodium salt	fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
monocrotaline Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.	2.71	3	0	pyrrolizidine alkaloid
testosterone enanthate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	heptanoate ester; sterol ester	androgen
dibenzepin dibenzepin: was heading 1975-94 (see under DIBENZAZEPINES 1975-90); use DIBENZAZEPINES to search DIBENZEPIN 1975-94; tricyclic antidepressant similar in action to imipramine	2.1	1	0	dibenzodiazepine
aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.	4	14	0	mixture	bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug
azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.	3.55	8	0	N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent
triflusal triflusal: inhibits platelet aggregation similarly to aspirin; structure	2.69	3	0	benzoic acids; carboxylic ester; salicylates
phenyramidol phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity	2.05	1	0	aminopyridine
6-aminonicotinamide 6-Aminonicotinamide: A vitamin antagonist which has teratogenic effects.. 6-aminonicotinamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-aminonicotinic acid with ammonia. An inhibitor of the NADP(+)-dependent enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, it interferes with glycolysis, resulting in ATP depletion and synergizes with DNA-crosslinking chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin, in killing cancer cells.	2.08	1	0	aminopyridine; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary amino compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.1.1.44 (NADP(+)-dependent decarboxylating phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; teratogenic agent
perfluorodecanoic acid perfluorodecanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated decanoic acid.	2.39	2	0	fluoroalkanoic acid	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
carbutamide Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)	2.46	2	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
galantamine Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.	2.1	1	0	benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent; benzazepine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidote to curare poisoning; cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
nandrolone decanoate Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	2.05	1	0	steroid ester
aminoimidazole carboxamide Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4.	2.44	2	0	aminoimidazole; monocarboxylic acid amide	mouse metabolite
methysergide Methysergide: An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome.. methysergide : A synthetic ergot alkaloid, structurally related to the oxytocic agent methylergonovine and to the potent hallucinogen LSD and used prophylactically to reduce the frequency and intensity of severe vascular headaches.	3.76	11	0	ergoline alkaloid
bucladesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; butanamides; butyrate ester	agonist; cardiotonic drug; vasodilator agent
phenylbenzoquinone phenylbenzoquinone: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.08	5	0
kynuramine Kynuramine: An aromatic ketone containing the aniline structure (ANILINE COMPOUNDS).. kynuramine : A member of the class of kynurenamines that is aniline substituted at position 2 by a 3-aminopropanoyl group.	2.02	1	0	kynurenamines; primary amino compound	metabolite
cuprizone [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
4-fluorophenol 4-fluorophenol: structure given in first source. 4-fluorophenol : A fluorophenol that is phenol in which the hydrogen para- to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a fluorine.	2.05	1	0	fluorophenol; monofluorobenzenes
3-fluorophenol 3-fluorophenol: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
citrulline citrulline : The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position.	3.6	9	0	amino acid zwitterion; citrulline	Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; protective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
trifluoroethylamine trifluoroethylamine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified fluorine locants	2.1	1	0
betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)	5.87	23	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
prenylamine Prenylamine: A drug formerly used in the treatment of angina pectoris but superseded by less hazardous drugs. Prenylamine depletes myocardial catecholamine stores and has some calcium channel blocking activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1406)	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
5-methylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid 5-methylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid: structure. 5-methyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid : A memebr of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole with methyl and carboxylic acid group substituents at positions 5 and 3 respectively.	2.37	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; pyrazoles	metabolite
perflubron perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.	2.05	1	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; perfluorinated compound	blood substitute; radioopaque medium
fluorometholone Fluorometholone: A glucocorticoid employed, usually as eye drops, in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye. It has also been used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluorometholone : A member of the class of glucocorticoids that is Delta(1)-progesterone substituted at positions 11beta and 17 by hydroxy groups, at position 6alpha by a methyl group and at position 9 by a fluoro group. Used for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe.	2.69	3	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
cyproterone acetate [no description available]	4.29	4	1	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; chlorinated steroid; steroid ester	androgen antagonist; geroprotector; progestin
lithocholic acid Lithocholic Acid: A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.. lithocholic acid : A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.. lithocholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.	2.38	2	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
nandrolone Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17.	2.71	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	human metabolite
2-fluoroethylamine 2-fluoroethylamine: structure in first source	2.1	1	0
hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.	4.3	19	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
fluorobenzenes Fluorobenzenes: Derivatives of BENZENE that contain FLUORINE.. monofluorobenzene : The simplest member of the class of monofluorobenzenes that is benzene carrying a single fluoro substituent.. fluorobenzenes : Any fluoroarene that is a benzene or a substituted benzene carrying at least one fluoro group.	3.16	5	0	monofluorobenzenes	NMR chemical shift reference compound
propadiene [no description available]	1.97	1	0	allenes
3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol [no description available]	2.05	1	0
jervine jervine: teratogen from Veratrum grandiflorum; RN given refers to parent cpd(3beta,23beta)-isomer; structure	2.07	1	0	piperidines
dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.	2.48	2	0	1-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoate	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
ketobemidone ketobemidone: structure	1.96	1	0	piperidines
limestone Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3.	2.37	2	0	calcium salt; carbonate salt; inorganic calcium salt; one-carbon compound	antacid; fertilizer; food colouring; food firming agent
glycyrrhetinic acid [no description available]	2.47	2	0	cyclic terpene ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	immunomodulator; plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	4.16	16	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
glycocholic acid Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	2.7	3	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
isocorydine isocorydine: from root tubers of Stephania Kwangsiensis H.S. Lo; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5017	2.06	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
fusarium Fusarium: A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA.	2.25	1	0
boldine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
rhein [no description available]	5.79	8	1	dihydroxyanthraquinone
berbamine [no description available]	2.42	2	0	phenylpropanoid
indirubin [no description available]	2.07	1	0
epitestosterone Epitestosterone: The 17-alpha isomer of TESTOSTERONE, derived from PREGNENOLONE via the delta5-steroid pathway, and via 5-androstene-3-beta,17-alpha-diol. Epitestosterone acts as an antiandrogen in various target tissues. The ratio between testosterone/epitestosterone is used to monitor anabolic drug abuse.. epitestosterone : An androstanoid that is the C-17 epimer of testosterone.	2.03	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen antagonist; human metabolite
plumbagin plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively.	2.77	3	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; phenols	anticoagulant; antineoplastic agent; immunological adjuvant; metabolite
cepharanthine cepharanthine: isoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of STEPHANIA; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. cepharanthine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation.	2.71	3	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
aloe emodin aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe. Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe.	2.79	3	0	aromatic primary alcohol; dihydroxyanthraquinone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
imperatorin imperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist; furanocoumarin from West African medicinal plant Clausena anisata; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3005. imperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 8. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.	2.72	3	0	psoralens	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; metabolite
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.	2.68	3	0	isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline	antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
osthol osthol: from Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens (both Apiaceae); structure given in first source	2.8	3	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; coumarins	metabolite
dihydralazine Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)	2.47	2	0	phthalazines
cytisine [no description available]	2.4	2	0	alkaloid; bridged compound; lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; phytotoxin; plant metabolite
bicuculline Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.	4.1	15	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines	agrochemical; central nervous system stimulant; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABAA receptor antagonist; neurotoxin
lumazine lumazine: structure. 2,4-dihydroxypteridine : Any dihydroxypteridine in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 2 and 4.. lumazine : A 2,4-dihydroxypteridine.	1.98	1	0	2,4-dihydroxypteridine
flavanone flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4.	1.98	1	0	flavanones
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.	5.32	17	0	dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid	antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist
bufotenin Bufotenin: A hallucinogenic serotonin analog found in frog or toad skins, mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals, especially in the brains, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. Bufotenin has been used as a tool in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic.. bufotenin : A tertiary amine that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 5.	1.96	1	0	tertiary amine; tryptamine alkaloid	coral metabolite; hallucinogen
indican indoxyl sulfate : An aryl sulfate that is indoxyl in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is substituted by a sulfo group.	2.02	1	0	aryl sulfate; indoles	human metabolite
fructose-1,6-diphosphate beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.	1.96	1	0	D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate	mouse metabolite
thymoquinone thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.	3.34	6	0	1,4-benzoquinones	adjuvant; anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite
phenylpropanolamine Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.	4.09	3	1	amphetamines; phenethylamine alkaloid	plant metabolite
sodium carbonate sodium carbonate: used topically for dermatitides, mouthwash, vaginal douche; veterinary use as emergency emetic; RN given refers to carbonic acid, di-Na salt; structure	2.69	3	0	carbonate salt; organic sodium salt
arecaidine [no description available]	2.49	2	0	citraconoyl group
carvacrol carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).	2.78	3	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; p-menthane monoterpenoid; phenols	agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; flavouring agent; TRPA1 channel agonist; volatile oil component
dipicolinic acid dipicolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid carrying two carboxy groups at positions 2 and 6.	1.99	1	0	pyridinedicarboxylic acid	bacterial metabolite
phloroglucinol dimethyl ether phloroglucinol dimethyl ether: structure	2.05	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols
4-hydroxyphenylethanol 4-hydroxyphenylethanol: in chest gland secretion of galagos. 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol : A phenol substituted at position 4 by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.	3.46	7	0	phenols	anti-arrhythmia drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; protective agent
phloretic acid phloretic acid: structure. N-hydroxysuccinimide ester : An ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.. phloretic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of propionic acid having a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at the 3-position.	2.02	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	plant metabolite
azetidine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	azacycloalkane; azetidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
isovaleric acid isovaleric acid: structure. isovaleric acid : A C5, branched-chain saturated fatty acid.	2.03	1	0	branched-chain saturated fatty acid; methylbutyric acid; short-chain fatty acid	mammalian metabolite; plant metabolite
phorone phorone: an industrial solvent; structure	1.98	1	0	dialkenyl ketone
alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.	4.07	14	0
1,3-propanediol propane-1,3-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,3-diols, consisting of propane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by a hydroxy group. A colourless, viscous, water-miscible liquid with a high (210degreeC) boiling point, it is used in the synthesis of certain polymers and as a solvent and antifreeze.	2.05	1	0	propane-1,3-diols	metabolite; protic solvent
thiazolidines Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.	4.01	14	0	thiazolidine
suberic acid suberic acid: used in plastics industry; inhibits activity of some enzymes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. suberic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,6-dicarboxy derivative of hexane.	2.03	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	human metabolite
mustard gas Mustard Gas: Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).. bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide : An ethyl sulfide that is diethyl sulfide in which a hydrogen from each of the terminal methyl groups is replaced by a chlorine. It is a powerful vesicant regulated under the Chemical Weapons Convention.	3.1	5	0	ethyl sulfide; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; vesicant
arachidic acid icosanoic acid : A C20 striaght-chain saturated fatty acid which forms a minor constituent of peanut (L. arachis) and corn oils. Used as an organic thin film in the production of liquid crystals for a wide variety of technical applications.	2.03	1	0	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	plant metabolite
oleanolic acid [no description available]	6.18	31	1	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
heptabarbital heptabarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); HEPTABARBITONE was see HEPTABARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search HEPTABARBITAL 1976-94; intermediate or short term barbiturate used mainly for sedation and hypnosis	2.04	1	0	barbiturates
dihydroergotamine Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.	2.44	2	0	ergot alkaloid; semisynthetic derivative	dopamine agonist; non-narcotic analgesic; serotonergic agonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
echothiophate iodide Echothiophate Iodide: A potent, long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used as a miotic in the treatment of glaucoma.. ecothiopate iodide : The iodide salt of ecothiopate. An irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, it is used an ocular antihypertensive in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma, particularly when other drugs have proved inadequate.	1.96	1	0	iodide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	antiglaucoma drug; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
abietic acid abietic acid : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-7,13-diene substituted by a carboxy group at position 18.	2.17	1	0	abietane diterpenoid; monocarboxylic acid	plant metabolite
hematoxylin Hematoxylin: A dye obtained from the heartwood of logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum Linn., Leguminosae) used as a stain in microscopy and in the manufacture of ink.	2.42	2	0	organic heterotetracyclic compound; oxacycle; polyphenol; tertiary alcohol	histological dye; plant metabolite
podophyllotoxin Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.	2.77	3	0	furonaphthodioxole; lignan; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
noramidopyrine noramidopyrine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-(methylamino)antipyrine : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methylamino group. It is a metabolite of aminopyrine and of metamizole.	2.4	2	0	pyrazoles; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	3.54	8	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside	mutagen
medroxyprogesterone [no description available]	4.29	4	1	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.	4.37	20	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
luminol Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations.	1.99	1	0
dimenhydrinate gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	diarylmethane
flavone flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2.	2.71	3	0	flavones	metabolite; nematicide
gluconic acid gluconic acid: zinc gluconate has anti-inflammatory activity; RN given refers to (D)-isomer; all RRs refers to (D)-isomer unless otherwise noted. ketogluconic acid : A gluconic acid that contains a ketonic carbonyl group.. D-gluconic acid : A gluconic acid having D-configuration.	2.46	2	0	gluconic acid	chelator; Penicillium metabolite
copper gluconate Gluconates: Derivatives of gluconic acid (the structural formula HOCH2(CHOH)4COOH), including its salts and esters.	2.89	4	0	organic molecular entity
azomycin azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure	2.07	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles	antitubercular agent
gallacetophenone gallacetophenone: structure in first source	2.01	1	0	aromatic ketone
trimellitic acid trimellitic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. trimellitic acid : Benzene substituted at the 1,2, and 4 positions by carboxy groups.	1.96	1	0	tricarboxylic acid
4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid: Bepask is calcium salt	2.07	1	0	benzamides
chlormethiazole Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.	2.05	1	0	thiazoles
tropolone Tropolone: A seven-membered aromatic ring compound. It is structurally related to a number of naturally occurring antifungal compounds (ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS).. tropolone : A cyclic ketone that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is a toxin produced by the agricultural pathogen Burkholderia plantarii.	2.05	1	0	alpha-hydroxy ketone; cyclic ketone; enol	bacterial metabolite; fungicide; toxin
methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol: Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover.	2.4	2	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols
phenylacetylene phenylacetylene: can polymerize into DENDRIMERS	2.05	1	0	benzenes
methamphetamine Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.	2.7	3	0	amphetamines; secondary amine	central nervous system stimulant; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; psychotropic drug; xenobiotic
4-chloroacetanilide 4-chloroacetanilide : Acetamide substituted on nitrogen by a para-chlorophenyl group.	2	1	0	acetamides; monochlorobenzenes
4-iodophenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	iodophenol
1-chloropropane 1-chloropropane: structure in first source	2	1	0
levocarnitine (R)-carnitine : The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.	2.02	1	0	carnitine	antilipemic drug; nootropic agent; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; water-soluble vitamin (role)
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	10.73	141	2	dialdehyde	biomarker
myristic acid Myristic Acid: A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). tetradecanoic acid : A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat.. tetradecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of myristic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	2.69	3	0	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.	6.15	49	0	arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound	epitope; explosive; reagent
eosine yellowish-(ys) Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.	2.42	2	0	organic sodium salt; organobromine compound	fluorochrome; histological dye
lucanthone hydrochloride Schistosomicides: Agents that act systemically to kill adult schistosomes.	1.99	1	0
gentian violet Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.	2.44	2	0	organic chloride salt	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antiseptic drug; histological dye
1-naphthylisothiocyanate 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate: A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.	2.38	2	0	isothiocyanate	insecticide
aminopenicillanic acid aminopenicillanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 6-aminopenicillanic acid : A penicillanic acid compound having a (6R)-amino substituent. The active nucleus common to all penicillins, it may be substituted at the 6-amino position to form the semisynthetic penicillins, resulting in a variety of antibacterial and pharmacologic characteristics.	2.1	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; penicillanic acids	allergen
paeonol paeonol: structure	3.18	5	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols	metabolite
hematoporphyrin Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.	2.4	2	0
neutral red Neutral Red: A vital dye used as an indicator and biological stain. Various adverse effects have been observed in biological systems.. neutral red : A hydrochloride obtained by combining the free base of neutral red with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, changing from red to yellow between pH 6.8 and 8.0.	3.12	5	0	hydrochloride	acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator
lithium carbonate Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.	1.97	1	0	carbonate salt; lithium salt	antimanic drug
glycyl-glycyl-glycine glycyl-glycyl-glycine : A tripeptide in which three glycine units are linked via peptide bonds in a linear sequence.	2.1	1	0	tripeptide zwitterion; tripeptide
18-hydroxycorticosterone [no description available]	2.37	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
lactulose [no description available]	2.05	1	0	glycosylfructose	gastrointestinal drug; laxative
2,3-dichlorophenol dichlorophenol : Any chlorophenol carrying chloro substituents.	2	1	0
3-hydroxyflavone 3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.	4.06	14	0	flavonols; monohydroxyflavone
toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate: Skin irritant and allergen used in the manufacture of polyurethane foams and other elastomers.. toluene 2,4-diisocyanate : A toluene meta-diisocyanate in which the isocyanato groups are at positions 2 and 4 relative to the methyl group on the benzene ring.	2.41	2	0	toluene meta-diisocyanate	allergen; hapten
diphenylamine Diphenylamine: In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.. diphenylamine : An aromatic amine containing two phenyl substituents. It has been used as a fungicide for the treatment of superficial scald in apples and pears, but is no longer approved for this purpose within the European Union.	4.52	5	1	aromatic amine; bridged diphenyl fungicide; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; antioxidant; carotogenesis inhibitor; EC 1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
3-bromophenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0
3,5-dichlorophenol 3,5-dichlorophenol : A dichlorophenol in which the two chloro substituents are located at positions 3 and 5.	2.05	1	0	dichlorophenol
iodobenzene iodobenzene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd	2.05	1	0
allyl sulfide allyl sulfide: essence of garlic; inhibits CYP2E1	2.43	2	0	organic sulfide
megestrol acetate [no description available]	2.47	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; steroid ester	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
n,n-dimethylethylamine [no description available]	2.1	1	0
alpha-naphthoflavone alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).	2.66	3	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
diethylmethylamine [no description available]	2.1	1	0
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	6.64	49	0	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
3-isopropylphenol 3-isopropylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0
3-ethylphenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	phenols
3-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid 3-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid: metabolite of L-dopa; structure. 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is phenylacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 3 on the benzene ring is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.47	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; phenols	human xenobiotic metabolite
4-Ethoxyphenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; phenols
glycine ethyl ester glycine ethyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.1	1	0
methyl butyrate [no description available]	2	1	0	fatty acid ester
n-methylpiperidine N-methylpiperidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.1	1	0
2-hexanol hexan-2-ol : A hexanol in which the hydroxy group is at position 2.	2.05	1	0	hexanol; secondary alcohol	human metabolite; plant metabolite; semiochemical
ethyl palmitate ethyl hexadecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol.	2.07	1	0	hexadecanoate ester; long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester	plant metabolite
hexamethylene glycol hexane-1,6-diol : A diol that is hexane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 6.	2.05	1	0	diol; primary alcohol
hentriacontane [no description available]	2.06	1	0	long-chain alkane	antitubercular agent
c.i. 42510 Rosaniline Dyes: Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.. basic fuchsin : A four-component mixture of chemically related dyes comprising pararosanilin, rosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin in varying amounts. rosanilin : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride of 4-[(4-aminophenyl)(4-iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline. One of the major constituents of Basic fuchsin, together with pararosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin.	1.96	1	0
Berberine chloride (TN) [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity
trimetozine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	morpholines
glycochenodeoxycholic acid Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycochenodeoxycholate : A N-acylglycinate that is the conjugate base of glycochenodeoxycholic acid.. glycochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oyl as the bile acid component.	2	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
benzydamine Benzydamine: A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat.. benzydamine : A member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties.	4.63	6	1	aromatic ether; indazoles; tertiary amino compound	analgesic; central nervous system stimulant; hallucinogen; local anaesthetic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
erythromycin stearate [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aminoglycoside
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	3.95	13	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
4-propylphenol 4-propylphenol: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	alkylbenzene
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate: The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.. dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate : A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone.	6.55	15	1	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
mannoheptulose Mannoheptulose: A 7-carbon keto sugar having the mannose configuration.. D-keto-manno-heptulose : The open chain form of D-manno-heptulose.. D-manno-heptulose : A manno-heptulose with a D-configuration. It has been found in avocados.	1.98	1	0	D-manno-heptulose
docosanol Tadenan: from powdered bark of Pygaeum africanum (Rosaceae), see also heading for docosanol (a priciple ingredient of extract). docosan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is docosane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It is a non-prescription medicine approved by the FDA to shorten healing time of cold sores.. docosanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twenty-two carbon atoms.	2.07	1	0	docosanol; long-chain primary fatty alcohol	antiviral drug; plant metabolite
homoserine homoserine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine substituted at the alpha-position by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.. L-homoserine : The L-enantiomer of homoserine.	2.01	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; homoserine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-piperidone 2-piperidone: structure given in first source. piperidin-2-one : A delta-lactam that is piperidine which is substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	2.15	1	0	delta-lactam; piperidones	EC 1.2.1.88 (L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) inhibitor
methylnitrosourea Methylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by methyl and nitroso groups.	3.59	9	0	N-nitrosoureas	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; teratogenic agent
2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide [no description available]	2.43	2	0
diphenyliodonium diphenyliodonium: RN given refers to the parent coumpound; inhibitor of neutrophil superoxide generating oxidase; structure has been determined	1.98	1	0
o,p'-ddt o,p'-DDT: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation.	2.45	2	0	diarylmethane
levonorgestrel Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.	5.26	4	3	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
tempidon 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinone: structure in first source	2.1	1	0	piperidones
4-nitrophenyl acetate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; phenyl acetates
ethyl gallate ethyl gallate: used with osmium in procedure for mapping neuronal pathways. ethyl gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with ethanol.	2.17	1	0	gallate ester	plant metabolite
boldenone boldenone: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer. boldenone : An 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and a beta-hydroxy group at position 17. It is an anabolic androgenic steroid that has been developed for veterinary use.	2	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid
vinblastine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydroxyethyl methacrylate: many of cited refs are for gel which refers to polymeric form of above cpd: POLYHYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate : An enoate ester that is the monomethacryloyl derivative of ethylene glycol.	2.47	2	0	enoate ester	allergen; polymerisation monomer
diphenoxylate Diphenoxylate: A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with ATROPINE. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.. diphenoxylate : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of difenoxin.	2.05	1	0	ethyl ester; nitrile; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amine	antidiarrhoeal drug
cyclopentenone 2-cyclopenten-1-one : An enone that is cyclopentanone having a C=C double bond at position 2.	3.53	2	0	alicyclic ketone; enone	Hsp70 inducer
2-cyclohexen-1-one 2-cyclohexen-1-one: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd with specified locant for double bond. cyclohexenone : The parent compound of the cyclohexenones, composed of cyclohexanone having one double bond in the ring.. cyclohex-2-enone : A cyclohexenone having its C=C double bond at the 2-position.	2.37	2	0	cyclohexenone
nitrosobenzylmethylamine nitrosobenzylmethylamine: structure	5.12	10	0
deoxycytidine [no description available]	2.46	2	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2,6-dichloroindophenol 2,6-Dichloroindophenol: A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.. 2,6-dichloroindophenol : A quinone imine that is indophenol substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 6.. N-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine : 1,4-benzoquinone imine having a 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl substituent attached to the nitrogen atom.	1.96	1	0	dichlorobenzene; quinone imine
estradiol valerate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	steroid ester
rhodamine 6g rhodamine 6G: RN given refers to HCl	2.08	1	0
quercetin pentaacetate quercetin pentaacetate: inhibits PGE2 production and COX-2 protein expression; structure in first source	2	1	0
phenylhydroquinone phenylhydroquinone: major metabolite of o-phenylphenol; cleaves DNA; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
nicotinamide mononucleotide Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: 3-Carbamoyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl pyridinium hydroxide-5'phosphate, inner salt. A nucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-N-glycosidic linkage with the C-1 position of D-ribose. Synonyms: Nicotinamide Ribonucleotide; NMN.	2.31	1	0	nicotinamide mononucleotide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
dimethoxon dimethoxon: pesticide	2.06	1	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
tetramethylpyrazine tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).	3.52	8	0	alkaloid; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
carmine Carmine: Coloring matter from the insect Coccus cacti L. It is used in foods, pharmaceuticals, toiletries, etc., as a dye, and also has use as a microscopic stain and biological marker.	2.03	1	0
durapatite Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.. hydroxylapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH).	5.39	14	1
sodium hydroxide Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.47	8	0	alkali metal hydroxide
zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.	2.45	2	0	zinc molecular entity
vanadium pentoxide [no description available]	2.01	1	0	vanadium oxide
arsenic trioxide Arsenic Trioxide: An inorganic compound with the chemical formula As2O3 that is used for the treatment of ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA in patients who have relapsed from, or are resistant to, conventional drug therapy.	2.75	3	0
beta-pinene beta-pinene: alpha-pinene is also available. beta-pinene : An isomer of pinene with an exocyclic double bond. It is a component of essential oils from many plants.	2.76	3	0	pinene	plant metabolite
ammonium hydroxide Ammonium Hydroxide: The hydroxy salt of ammonium ion. It is formed when AMMONIA reacts with water molecules in solution.. ammonium hydroxide : A solution of ammonia in water.	1.98	1	0	inorganic hydroxy compound	food acidity regulator
calcium silicate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	inorganic calcium salt	antacid; flame retardant; food anticaking agent
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	2.79	3	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
nsc 65346 sangivamycin: RN given refers to parent cpd. sangivamycin : A nucleoside analogue that is adenosine in which the nitrogen at position 7 is replaced by a carbamoyl-substituted carbon. It is a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C.	1.99	1	0	nucleoside analogue	protein kinase inhibitor
glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.	3.66	9	0	enone; glucosiduronic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tricarboxylic acid; triterpenoid saponin	EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	13.24	114	7	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
tocopherols [no description available]	4.2	17	0
pregnenolone carbonitrile Pregnenolone Carbonitrile: A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cytochrome P450. It has also demonstrated the potential for protective capability against acetaminophen-induced liver damage.	2	1	0	aliphatic nitrile
selenomethionine [no description available]	4.11	3	1	selenoamino acid; selenomethionines	plant metabolite
flurandrenolone Flurandrenolone: A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p733)	2.07	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate: The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.	3.87	2	1	diarylmethane
vincamine Vincamine: A major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders.	2.07	1	0	alkaloid ester; hemiaminal; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; vinca alkaloid	antihypertensive agent; metabolite; vasodilator agent
4-n-Butylphenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	phenols
azaperone Azaperone: A butyrophenone used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.. azaperone : An N-arylpiperazine that is 2-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridine in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3-(4-fluobenzoyl)propyl group. Used mainly as a tranquiliser for pigs and elephants.	2	1	0	aminopyridine; aromatic ketone; monofluorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; tertiary amino compound	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
diphenyldiselenide diphenyldiselenide: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
digoxigenin Digoxigenin: 3 beta,12 beta,14-Trihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digoxin. Can be obtained by hydrolysis of digoxin or from Digitalis orientalis L. and Digitalis lanata Ehrh.. digoxigenin : A hydroxy steroid that consists of 5beta-cardanolide having a double bond at the 20(22)-position as well as hydroxy groups at the 3beta-, 12beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Digitalis.	2	1	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol	hapten; plant metabolite
clopyralid clopyralid : An organochlorine pesticide having a 3,6-dichlorinated picolinic acid structure.	2.1	1	0	organochlorine pesticide; pyridines	herbicide
dimethylaminopropionitrile [no description available]	2.1	1	0
phenyltrimethylammonium phenyltrimethylammonium: d9-cpd suppresses methylation artifacts in gas chromatography of serum extracts; RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethylphenylammonium : A quaternary ammonium ion obtained by methylation of N,N-dimethylaniline.	1.98	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
paraquat Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.	2.9	4	0	organic cation	geroprotector; herbicide
pristane pristane: structure. pristane : A norterpene that is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon derived from phytane by loss of its C-16 terminal methyl group.	3.26	6	0	long-chain alkane; norterpene	biomarker; immunological adjuvant
2-tert-butylhydroquinone 2-tert-butylhydroquinone: an anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive agent. 2-tert-butylhydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones in which one of the ring hydrogens of hydroquinone is replaced by a tert-butyl group.	2.7	3	0	hydroquinones	food antioxidant
dronabinol Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.	6.12	30	1	benzochromene; diterpenoid; phytocannabinoid; polyketide	cannabinoid receptor agonist; epitope; hallucinogen; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic
methionine sulfoximine methionine sulfoximine : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is the sulfoximine derivative of methionine .	2.9	4	0	methionine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide
amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.	6.84	63	1	aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
diallyl trisulfide [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic trisulfide	anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiprotozoal drug; apoptosis inducer; estrogen receptor antagonist; insecticide; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
decachlorobiphenyl decachlorobiphenyl: structure. decachlorobiphenyl : A polychlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	2	1	0	pentachlorobenzenes; polychlorobiphenyl
pimozide Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.	2.94	4	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound	antidyskinesia agent; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
benperidol Benperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)	1.96	1	0	aromatic ketone
flumethasone Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.	2.07	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone valerate Betamethasone Valerate: The 17-valerate derivative of BETAMETHASONE. It has substantial topical anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low systemic anti-inflammatory activity.. betamethasone valerate : A steroid ester that is betamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position has been converted to the corresponding pentanoate ester.	1.99	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
diallyl disulfide diallyl disulfide: major constituent of garlic oil. diallyl disulfide : An organic disulfide where the organic group specified is allyl. It has been isolated from garlic and other species of the genus Allium.	4.05	4	0	organic disulfide	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
n-isopropylacrylamide N-isopropylacrylamide: can polymerize with glycidyl acrylate to form reactive water-soluble polymer that can react with the amino groups of enzymes-proteins or other ligands	2.43	2	0
mofebutazone mofebutazone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. mofebutazone : A pyrazolidine that is phenylbutazone lacking one of the phenyl substituents. It is used for treatment of joint and muscular pain.	3.35	1	1	pyrazolidines	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
octachloronaphthalene Perna: A genus of freshwater mussel in the family MYTILIDAE, class BIVALVIA. It is found in tropical and warm temperate coastal waters. Most species have green in their shells.	2.04	1	0
phenethyl isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.	2.73	3	0	isothiocyanate	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; metabolite
5-phenylvaleric acid 5-phenylvaleric acid: from Polygonum salicifolium. 5-phenylpentanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is valeric acid substituted by a phenyl group at the delta-position.	2.1	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
muscarine [no description available]	2.07	1	0
fluorescein Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.	3.52	8	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
thioflavin t thioflavin T cation : A benzothiazolium ion obtained by methylation of the thiazole nitrogen of 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-6-methyl-1,3-benzothiazole; the cationic component of thioflavin T.	1.97	1	0	benzothiazolium ion
alpha-terpineol terpineol : A family of monoterpenols that have a p-menthane skeleton containing one double bond and bearing a single hydroxy substituent.	2.07	1	0	terpineol	plant metabolite
fucose Fucose: A six-member ring deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It lacks a hydroxyl group on the carbon at position 6 of the molecule.. L-fucopyranose : The pyranose form of L-fucose.. fucose : Any deoxygalactose that is deoxygenated at the 6-position.	2.74	3	0	fucopyranose; L-fucose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.	2.47	2	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antimalarial
7,12-dihydroxymethylbenz(a)anthracene 7,12-dihydroxymethylbenz(a)anthracene: structure given in first source	2.02	1	0
c.i. direct blue 1 [no description available]	2.41	2	0
acadesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide; aminoimidazole; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor
hydroxyphenytoin hydroxyphenytoin: main metabolite of diphenylhydantoin; reduces Na(+) inhibition at high Na:K ratios; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 4-hydroxyphenytoin : A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing phenyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at position 5.	1.99	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; phenols	metabolite
stavudine Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	2.05	1	0	dihydrofuran; nucleoside analogue; organic molecular entity	antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.	2.05	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.	2.07	1	0	dichlorobenzene; penicillin	antibacterial drug
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.	4.16	16	0	fluorescein isothiocyanate
sabinene sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species.	6.79	22	1	thujene	plant metabolite
mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose.	4.77	12	0	D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose	metabolite
dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.	3.09	5	0	1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol	chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent
cyclacillin Cyclacillin: A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.	2.1	1	0	penicillin	antibacterial drug
zinc carbonate [no description available]	1.98	1	0	organooxygen compound
iproclozide iproclozide: structure	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
megestrol Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.	1.99	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
ecdysone [no description available]	2.07	1	0	14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; 6-oxo steroid; ecdysteroid	prohormone
cyclic cmp Cyclic CMP: A cyclic nucleotide formed from CYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE by the action of cytidylate cyclase. It is a potential cyclic nucleotide intracellular mediator of signal transductions.. 3',5'-cyclic CMP : A 3',5'-cyclic pyrimidine nucleotide having cytosine as the nucleobase.	2.44	2	0	3',5'-cyclic pyrimidine nucleotide	human metabolite
tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	3.24	6	0	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
sulfamethomidine sulfamethomidine: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
streptomycin [no description available]	2.68	3	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3.	3.37	7	0	carbon oxoanion
butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine: A substituted carcinogenic nitrosamine.. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine : A nitrosamine that has butyl and 4-hydroxybutyl substituents. In mice, it causes high-grade, invasive cancers in the urinary bladder, but not in any other tissues.	1.97	1	0	nitrosamine; primary alcohol	carcinogenic agent
dideoxyadenosine Dideoxyadenosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.	4.43	22	0	adenosines; purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
2-octanol 2-octanol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. octan-2-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 2.	2.05	1	0	octanol; secondary alcohol	plant metabolite; volatile oil component
cladribine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organochlorine compound; purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd. mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : The mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	2.93	4	0	phthalic acid monoester
beclomethasone [no description available]	2.07	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug
ethylene dimethanesulfonate ethylene dimethanesulfonate: antispermatogenic agent; structure	1.97	1	0
carbenicillin disodium [no description available]	2.45	2	0	organic sodium salt
dehydroemetine dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; isoquinolines; pyridoisoquinoline	antileishmanial agent; antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug
benorilate benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin	2.05	1	0	carbonyl compound
trimetazidine Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
buthionine sulfoximine Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl.	3.25	6	0	diastereoisomeric mixture; homocysteines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide	EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer
5,6-dihydroxytryptamine 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine: Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 6. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacologic research.	1.96	1	0
floxacillin Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.	2.47	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran: quencher of singlet oxygen, inhibits arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation	1.98	1	0
aseanostatin p5 aseanostatin P5: from actinomycetes; inhibits myeloperoxidase release from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes; structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 12-methyltetradecanoic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid comprising tetradecanoic acid carrying a 12-methyl substituent.	2.02	1	0	branched-chain saturated fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid
vidarabine adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.	2.05	1	0	beta-D-arabinoside; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
benzetimide [no description available]	1.96	1	0	piperidines
iodinated glycerol iodinated glycerol: secretolytic agent; RN given refers to cpd without iodine locant	3.94	12	0	dioxolane
acetylpyruvic acid acetylpyruvic acid: structure. acetylpyruvic acid : A dioxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid carrying two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4.	1.96	1	0	beta-diketone; dioxo monocarboxylic acid	bacterial metabolite
limonene Limonene: A naturally-occurring class of MONOTERPENES which occur as a clear colorless liquid at room temperature. Limonene is the major component in the oil of oranges which has many uses, including as flavor and fragrance. It is recognized as safe in food by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).. limonene : A monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4 respectively.	3.32	6	0	cycloalkene; p-menthadiene	human metabolite
olsalazine olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.	4.83	4	2	azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.	5.07	41	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound	neurotransmitter agent
3-deazaadenosine 3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd.	2.37	2	0
helenalin helenalin: toxic principle of Helenium microcephalum (smallhead sneezeweed); structure. helenalin : A sesquiterpene lactone that is 3,3a,4,4a,7a,8,9,9a-octahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2,5-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 4a and 8 and a methylidene group at position 3 (the 3aS,4S,4aR,7aR,8R,9aR stereoisomer).. NF-kappaB inhibitor : An inhibitor of NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), a protein complex involved in the transcription of DNA.	2.77	3	0	cyclic ketone; gamma-lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; sesquiterpene lactone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite; plant metabolite
tiadenol tiadenol: structure	2.05	1	0	aliphatic sulfide
1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene [no description available]	2.41	1	0
hepes [no description available]	2.68	3	0	HEPES; organosulfonic acid
n-deacetyl-n-formylcolchicine N-deacetyl-N-formylcolchicine: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	cyclic ketone
lanthanum [no description available]	3.47	8	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom; scandium group element atom
manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.	3.85	12	0	elemental manganese; manganese group element atom	Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient
mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.	1.96	1	0	elemental mercury; zinc group element atom	neurotoxin
molybdenum Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase.	2.39	2	0	chromium group element atom	micronutrient
neodymium Neodymium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Nd, atomic number 60, and atomic weight 144.24, and is used in industrial applications.	1.97	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
neon Neon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Ne, atomic number 10, and atomic weight 20.18. It is found in the earth's crust and atmosphere as an inert, odorless gas and is used in vacuum tubes and incandescent lamps.	1.99	1	0	monoatomic neon; noble gas atom; p-block element atom
niobium Niobium: A metal element atomic number 41, atomic weight 92.906, symbol Nb.	2.02	1	0	vanadium group element atom
palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.	2.93	4	0	metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom
platinum Platinum: A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, with atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.084, symbol Pt. It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as alutiae.	2.7	3	0	elemental platinum; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom
ruthenium Ruthenium: A hard, brittle, grayish-white rare earth metal with an atomic symbol Ru, atomic number 44, and atomic weight 101.07. It is used as a catalyst and hardener for PLATINUM and PALLADIUM.	2.05	1	0	iron group element atom; platinum group metal atom
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.	2.43	2	0	copper group element atom; elemental silver	Escherichia coli metabolite
tantalum Tantalum: A rare metallic element, atomic number 73, atomic weight 180.948, symbol Ta. It is a noncorrosive and malleable metal that has been used for plates or disks to replace cranial defects, for wire sutures, and for making prosthetic devices.	2.02	1	0	vanadium group element atom
titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.	8.13	75	1	titanium group element atom
argon Argon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Ar, atomic number 18, and atomic weight 39.948. It is used in fluorescent tubes and wherever an inert atmosphere is desired and nitrogen cannot be used.	2.38	2	0	monoatomic argon; noble gas atom; p-block element atom	food packaging gas; neuroprotective agent
cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.	4.19	17	0	cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom
cerium Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications.	2	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.	3.37	7	0	chromium group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
europium Europium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Eu, atomic number 63, and atomic weight 152. Europium is used in the form of its salts as coatings for cathode ray tubes and in the form of its organic derivatives as shift reagents in NMR spectroscopy.	1.98	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
gadolinium Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.	3.94	13	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	5.38	14	1	copper group element atom; elemental gold
helium Helium: A noble gas with the atomic symbol He, atomic number 2, and atomic weight 4.003. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is not combustible and does not support combustion. It was first detected in the sun and is now obtained from natural gas. Medically it is used as a diluent for other gases, being especially useful with oxygen in the treatment of certain cases of respiratory obstruction, and as a vehicle for general anesthetics.	2.38	2	0	monoatomic helium; noble gas atom; s-block element atom	food packaging gas
uranium Uranium: A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors.	2.39	2	0	actinoid atom; f-block element atom; monoatomic uranium
vanadium Vanadium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs.	3.57	9	0	elemental vanadium; vanadium group element atom	micronutrient
xenon Xenon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.	2.01	1	0	monoatomic xenon; noble gas atom; p-block element atom
zirconium Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr.	2.42	2	0	titanium group element atom
aluminum chloride Aluminum Chloride: A compound with the chemical formula AlCl3; the anhydrous salt is used as a catalyst in organic chemical synthesis, and hydrated salts are used topically as antiperspirants, and for the management of HYPERHYDROSIS.	1.97	1	0	aluminium coordination entity	Lewis acid
cupric chloride cupric chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. copper(II) chloride : An inorganic chloride of copper in which the metal is in the +2 oxidation state.	2.38	2	0	copper molecular entity; inorganic chloride	EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor
zalcitabine Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.	2.44	2	0	pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
magnesium sulfate Magnesium Sulfate: A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083). magnesium sulfate : A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion.	7.35	13	3	magnesium salt; metal sulfate; organic magnesium salt	anaesthetic; analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; fertilizer; tocolytic agent
mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed.	2.68	3	0	mercury coordination entity	sensitiser
acetylglucosamine Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.	3.7	10	0	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine	epitope
galactosamine 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine.	3.94	13	0	D-galactosamine; primary amino compound	toxin
palladium chloride palladium chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. palladium(II) chloride : A palladium coordination entity consisting of palladium(II) bound to two chlorine atoms.	2	1	0	palladium coordination entity	catalyst
cesium chloride cesium chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. caesium chloride : The inorganic chloride salt of caesium; each caesium ion is coordinated by eight chlorine ions.	1.97	1	0	inorganic caesium salt; inorganic chloride	phase-transfer catalyst; vasoconstrictor agent
hypochlorous acid Hypochlorous Acid: An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.. hypochlorous acid : A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water.	2.41	2	0	chlorine oxoacid; reactive oxygen species	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	4.16	16	0	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
ferric chloride ferric chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Fe-Cl3; used to induce experimental arterial thrombosis to evaluate antithrombotic agents	2.05	1	0	iron coordination entity	astringent; Lewis acid
nickel chloride nickel chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Ni-Cl2. nickel dichloride : A compound of nickel and chloride in which the ratio of nickel (in the +2 oxidation state) to chloride is 1:2.	2.42	2	0	nickel coordination entity	calcium channel blocker; hapten
barium sulfate Barium Sulfate: A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.. barium sulfate : A metal sulfate with formula BaO4S. Virtually insoluble in water at room temperature, it is mostly used as a component in oil well drilling fluid it occurs naturally as the mineral barite.	2.88	4	0	barium salt; inorganic barium salt; metal sulfate	radioopaque medium
monoethylglycinexylidide monoethylglycinexylidide: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; metabolite of xylocaine; structure. monoethylglycinexylidide : Amino acid amide formed from 2,6-dimethylaniline and N-ethylglycine components; an active metabolite of lidocaine, formed by oxidative deethylation. Used as an indicator of hepatic function.	1.98	1	0	amino acid amide	drug metabolite
zinc sulfate Zinc Sulfate: A compound given in the treatment of conditions associated with zinc deficiency such as acrodermatitis enteropathica. Externally, zinc sulfate is used as an astringent in lotions and eye drops. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995). zinc sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having zinc(2+) as the counterion.	2.89	4	0	metal sulfate; zinc molecular entity	fertilizer
sodium sulfate [no description available]	2	1	0	inorganic sodium salt
calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous: molecular formula CaHPO(4), DCPA=dicalcium phosphate anhydrous; don't confuse with dichloropropionanilide which also is called DCPA; MW=136.06; has greater surface area and lower pH than DCPD (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate); occurs in nature as monetite; an intermediate in preparing hydroxyapatite	3.38	7	0	calcium phosphate
calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous calcium phosphate, monobasic: MW 234.05	3.38	7	0	calcium phosphate	fertilizer
tricalcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues.	5.63	14	0	calcium phosphate
chromates Chromates: Salts of chromic acid containing the CrO(2-)4 radical.. chromate(2-) : A chromium oxoanion resulting from the removal of two protons from chromic acid.	2.17	1	0	chromium oxoanion; divalent inorganic anion	oxidising agent
copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.	2.15	1	0	metal sulfate	emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser
metoprine metoprine: histamine methyltransferase antagonist	1.96	1	0
silver nitrate Silver Nitrate: A silver salt with powerful germicidal activity. It has been used topically to prevent OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM.	1.97	1	0	inorganic nitrate salt; silver salt	astringent
sodium thiosulfate sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.	1.98	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	antidote to cyanide poisoning; antifungal drug; nephroprotective agent
potassium dichromate Potassium Dichromate: Chromic acid (H2Cr2O7), dipotassium salt. A compound having bright orange-red crystals and used in dyeing, staining, tanning leather, as bleach, oxidizer, depolarizer for dry cells, etc. Medically it has been used externally as an astringent, antiseptic, and caustic. When taken internally, it is a corrosive poison.. potassium dichromate : A potassium salt that is the dipotassium salt of dichromic acid.	1.96	1	0	potassium salt	allergen; oxidising agent; sensitiser
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	3.82	4	0	dihydrogen
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	1.98	1	0	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	3.78	11	0	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
nickel sulfate nickel sulfate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Ni(2+)-H2SO4. nickel sulfate : A metal sulfate having nickel(2+) as the metal ion.	2.08	1	0	metal sulfate	allergen
beryllium fluoride beryllium difluoride : The fluoride salt of beryllium (+2 oxidation state). In the solid state it exists as a glass, with four-coordinate Be(2+) tetrahedral centres and two-coordinate fluoride centres. As a gas it adopts a linear triatomic structure and in the liquid state a fluctuating tetrahedral structure. In protein crystallography it is used as a mimic of phosphate.	2.02	1	0	beryllium molecular entity; fluoride salt
molybdate ion molybdate : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from molybdic acid	1.98	1	0	divalent inorganic anion; molybdenum oxoanion	Escherichia coli metabolite
calcium pyrophosphate Calcium Pyrophosphate: An inorganic pyrophosphate which affects calcium metabolism in mammals. Abnormalities in its metabolism occur in some human diseases, notably HYPOPHOSPHATASIA and pseudogout (CHONDROCALCINOSIS).	6.35	12	1	calcium phosphate
desmedipham desmedipham: structure. desmedipham : A carbamate ester that is phenylcarbamic acid in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3-[(ethoxycarbonyl)amino]phenyl group. It is an agrochemical used as a herbicide.	2	1	0	carbamate ester	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.	3.22	6	0
poloxalene Poloxalene: A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used medically as a fecal softener and in cattle for prevention of bloat.. pluronic : A triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of poly(propylene oxide) flanked by two hydrophilic chains of poly(ethylene oxide).	3.35	1	1	epoxide
vasotocin Vasotocin: A nonapeptide that contains the ring of OXYTOCIN and the side chain of ARG-VASOPRESSIN with the latter determining the specific recognition of hormone receptors. Vasotocin is the non-mammalian vasopressin-like hormone or antidiuretic hormone regulating water and salt metabolism.. vasotocin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is homologous to oxytocin and vasopressin. It is a pituitary hormone that acts as an endocrine regulator for water balance, osmotic homoeostasis and is involved in social and sexual behavior in non-mammalian vertebrates.	4.6	26	0
sizofiran Sizofiran: A beta-D-glucan obtained from the Aphyllophoral fungus Schizophyllum commune. It is used as an immunoadjuvant in the treatment of neoplasms, especially tumors found in the stomach.	2.38	2	0
ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.	5.87	23	0	elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer
aluminum sulfate aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) : An aluminium sulfate that contains no water of crystallisation.	1.99	1	0	aluminium sulfate
lead nitrate lead nitrate: RN given refers to unspecified lead nitrate	2.06	1	0	inorganic nitrate salt; lead coordination entity
sodium selenite disodium selenite : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and selenite ions in a 2:1 ratio.	2.7	3	0	inorganic sodium salt; selenite salt	nutraceutical
cadmium chloride Cadmium Chloride: A cadmium halide in the form of colorless crystals, soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It is used in photography, in dyeing, and calico printing, and as a solution to precipitate sulfides. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). cadmium dichloride : A cadmium coordination entity in which cadmium(2+) and Cl(-) ions are present in the ratio 2:1. Although considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding.	2.93	4	0	cadmium coordination entity
barium chloride barium chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. barium chloride : The inorganic dichloride salt of barium.	2.67	3	0	barium salt; inorganic chloride	potassium channel blocker
camphoroquinone camphoroquinone: a natural monoterpene, non-aromatic quinone; structure given in first source. bornane-2,3-dione : A bornane monoterpenoid that is bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 7 and 7 and oxo groups at positions 2 and 3.	2.11	1	0	bornane monoterpenoid; carbobicyclic compound
trolamine salicylate Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.	12.62	107	5
stanozolol Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anabolic agent; androgen
rhamnose [no description available]	1.97	1	0	L-rhamnose
clodronic acid Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.	4.56	9	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); one-carbon compound; organochlorine compound	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent
chloramine [no description available]	2.38	2	0	halide
coformycin [no description available]	1.96	1	0	coformycins	EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
chrysotile Asbestos, Serpentine: A type of asbestos that occurs in nature as the dihydrate of magnesium silicate. It exists in two forms: antigorite, a plated variety, and chrysotile, a fibrous variety. The latter makes up 95% of all asbestos products. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p.893)	2.41	2	0
ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion.	2.88	4	0	ammonium salt; inorganic chloride	ferroptosis inhibitor
tricalcium silicate tricalcium silicate: might be used as injectable bioactive cement	2.1	1	0
n-amyl-n-methylnitrosamine N-methyl-N-pentylnitrosamine : A nitrosamine that has methyl and pentyl substituents. It is a potent oesophageal carcinogen.	1.96	1	0	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent
benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0	pyrenes
2',3-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl 2',3-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.99	1	0
titanium dioxide titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications.	3.8	11	0	titanium oxides	food colouring
sodium tungstate(vi) sodium tungstate(VI): inactivates molybdoenzymes in Anabaena; RN given refers to tungstic acid [H2WO4], di-Na salt. sodium tungstate : An inorganic sodium salt having tungstate as the counterion. Combines with hydrogen peroxide for the oxidation of secondary amines to nitrones.	2.05	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	reagent
(1S,2R)-tranylcypromine (1S,2R)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1S,2R)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	2.07	1	0	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
apazone Apazone: An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.. apazone : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.	3.76	2	1	benzotriazines	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; uricosuric drug
hydrocortisone-17-butyrate cortisol 17-butyrate : Cortisol esterified with butyric acid at the 17-hydroxy group.	2.05	1	0	butyrate ester; cortisol ester; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	dermatologic drug; drug allergen
soterenol soterenol: adrenergic beta-2 agonist used as bronchodilator; it has a number of gastrointestinal side effects; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ETHANOLAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0
diacerein diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;	5.41	5	1	anthraquinone
menthone menthone : The trans-stereoisomer of p-menthan-3-one.. (-)-menthone : A menthone that is cyclohexanone substituted by a methyl and an isopropyl group at positions 5 and 2 respectively (the 2S,5R-stereoisomer).	2	1	0	menthone
tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	3.68	10	0
dibenzo-18-crown-6 dibenzo-18-crown-6: structure. dibenzo-18-crown-6 : A crown ether that is 18-crown-6 ortho-fused to two benzene rings at positions 8-9 and 17-18.	1.96	1	0	benzenes; crown ether	phase-transfer catalyst
parbendazole parbendazole: anthelmintic used against a variety of gastrointestinal parasites; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZIMIDAZOLES; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	benzimidazoles; carbamate ester
xipamide Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.	2.05	1	0	benzamides
etorphine Etorphine: A narcotic analgesic morphinan used as a sedative in veterinary practice.	1.97	1	0
4-benzoylpyridine 4-benzoylpyridine: used to measure reductase activity	1.97	1	0	aromatic ketone
selegiline Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.	2.48	2	0	selegiline; terminal acetylenic compound	geroprotector
levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.	2.74	3	0	6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole	antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator
4-n-Pentylphenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	phenols
clemastine Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.	1.99	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpyrrolidine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
thiamphenicol [no description available]	2.46	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent; immunosuppressive agent
pizotyline Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.	2.4	2	0	benzocycloheptathiophene	histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cephalexin Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.	2.4	2	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
1-methyladenosine [no description available]	1.99	1	0	methyladenosine	human metabolite
cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.	5.71	6	1	organic sodium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen
isosorbide-5-mononitrate isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug	8.01	9	5	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
gestrinone Gestrinone: A non-estrogenic contraceptive which is a weak progestin with strong anti-progesterone properties. It is effective if used once a week orally or can also be used in intravaginal devices.	2.43	2	0	oxo steroid
ferric nitrilotriacetate ferric nitrilotriacetate: induces diabetes in animals (iron loading)	2.17	1	0	iron chelate	carcinogenic agent; mutagen
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	12.79	637	1	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
sodium bisulfide sodium bisulfide: RN given refers to sodium sulfide (Na(SH)); see also record for sodium sulfide (Na2S)	2.48	2	0
fluorides [no description available]	8.2	19	1	halide anion; monoatomic fluorine
danazol Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.	4.6	8	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	anti-estrogen; estrogen antagonist; geroprotector
didesethylflurazepam didesethylflurazepam: major metbolite of flurazepam; RN given refers to parent cpd. didesethylflurazepam : A primary amino compound resulting from the dealkylation of both ethyl groups of the anti-insomnia drug flurazepam. It is the major metabolite of flurazepam.	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; drug metabolite; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
metergoline Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.	2.94	4	0	carbamate ester; ergoline alkaloid	dopamine agonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
clonixin Clonixin: Anti-inflammatory analgesic.. clonixin : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a (2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)amino group. Used (as its lysine salt) for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks.	7.62	33	5	aminopyridine; organochlorine compound; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
fenclozic acid fenclozic acid: an analgesic & antipyretic with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZOLES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0
fentiazac [no description available]	2.37	2	0	thiazoles
1-deoxynojirimycin 1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source. duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration.	2.02	1	0	2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol; piperidine alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11h)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide Dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11H)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide: Inhibits the activity of prostaglandins.	5.15	46	0
iodine [no description available]	3.22	6	0	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.	2.94	4	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
cannabicyclol [no description available]	1.96	1	0
capobenic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	benzamides
lofexidine lofexidine: reduces narcotic withdrawal symptoms; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6247	1.96	1	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; dichlorobenzene; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent
diftalone [no description available]	2.07	1	0
phosphotyrosine Phosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.. O(4)-phospho-L-tyrosine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-tyrosine phosphorylated at the phenolic hydroxy group.	4.24	18	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; O(4)-phosphotyrosine	Escherichia coli metabolite; immunogen
alclofenac alclofenac: was heading 1975-94 (was see under PHENYLACETATES 1975-90); use PHENYLACETATES to search ALCLOFENAC 1975-94; an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; acts also as an analgesic and an antipyretic. alclofenac : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
5-(2-cyclohexylidene-ethyl)-5-ethylbarbiturate 5-(2-cyclohexylidene-ethyl)-5-ethylbarbiturate: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
carbimazole Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	2.47	2	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones; carbamate ester	antithyroid drug; prodrug
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate [no description available]	2.07	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	antiparkinson drug
bromocriptine Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.	4.07	3	1	indole alkaloid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; hormone antagonist
zingerone zingerone: pungent principle of ginger; structure. zingerone : A methyl ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by methoxy and hydroxy groups respectively. The major pungent component in ginger.	2.07	1	0	methyl ketone; monomethoxybenzene; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; antiemetic; antioxidant; flavouring agent; fragrance; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	10.61	74	2	benzenes; phenyl acetates
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat.	3.36	2	0	chloride salt; organic chloride salt	antiseptic drug; surfactant
4-ethylphenol 4-ethylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-ethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols carrying an ethyl substituent at position 4.	2.05	1	0	phenols	fungal xenobiotic metabolite
myrcene myrcene: structure in first source. beta-myrcene : A monoterpene that is octa-1,6-diene bearing methylene and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	2.01	1	0	monoterpene	anabolic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; flavouring agent; fragrance; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
isopentyl alcohol isopentyl alcohol: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. isoamylol : An primary alcohol that is butan-1-ol in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a methyl group.	2.05	1	0	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	antifungal agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; xenobiotic metabolite
pyrrolidine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	azacycloalkane; pyrrolidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.	3.39	7	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	indoles
tetrachloroethylene Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.	2.44	2	0	chlorocarbon; chloroethenes	nephrotoxic agent
dimethylacetamide hallucinogen : Drugs capable of inducing illusions, hallucinations, delusions, paranoid ideations and other alterations of mood and thinking.. N,N-dimethylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which the hydrogens attached to the N atom have been replaced by two methyl groups respectively. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.	2	1	0	acetamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	human metabolite
fludrocortisone Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.	2.36	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	5.02	9	1	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pregnanolone Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.	2.08	1	0	3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid	human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
pyrene pyrene: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7746. pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.	2	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	fluorescent probe; persistent organic pollutant
isothiuronium Isothiuronium: An undecenyl THIOUREA which may have topical anti-inflammatory activity.	2.43	2	0
metipranolol Metipranolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist effective for both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It is used as an antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, and antiglaucoma agent.. metipranolol : 3-(Propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by a 4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenoxy group. A non-cardioselective beta-blocker, it is used to lower intra-ocular pressure in the management of open-angle glaucoma.	2.1	1	0	acetate ester; aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
proquazone proquazone: nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent; structure	1.96	1	0	pyrimidines
butachlor butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amide; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation	2.05	1	0
du-21220 Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.	3.47	8	0	benzyl alcohols; polyphenol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate: A long-acting derivative of cyclic AMP. It is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.. 8-Br-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the adenine ring. An activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.	6.28	146	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; organobromine compound	antidepressant; protein kinase agonist
6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid: major metabolite of nabumetone; inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). (6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of 2-naphthylacetic acid having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position. The active metabolite of the prodrug nabumetone.	3.49	8	0	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; xenobiotic metabolite
transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.	3.38	7	0
rose bengal b disodium salt [no description available]	2.47	2	0
fanft FANFT: A potent nitrofuran derivative tumor initiator. It causes bladder tumors in all animals studied and is mutagenic to many bacteria.	2.36	2	0
propamocarb propamocarb: RN given refers to parent cpd. propamocarb : A carbamate ester that is the propyl ester of 3-(dimethylamino)propylcarbamic acid. It is a systemic fungicide, used (normally as the hydrochloride salt) for the control of soil, root and leaf diseases caused by oomycetes, particularly Phytophthora and Pythium species.	2.1	1	0	carbamate ester; carbamate fungicide; tertiary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alkenes [no description available]	2.79	3	0
calcium oxalate Calcium Oxalate: The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.. calcium oxalate : The calcium salt of oxalic acid, which in excess in the urine may lead to formation of oxalate calculi (kidney stones).	4.65	10	0	organic calcium salt
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	12.12	79	3	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
dexchlorpheniramine dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer	2.15	1	0	chlorphenamine
azoxymethane Azoxymethane: A potent carcinogen and neurotoxic compound. It is particularly effective in inducing colon carcinomas.	6.28	46	0
cefazolin Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	2.05	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; tetrazoles; thiadiazoles	antibacterial drug
bis(4-methyl-1-homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide: An inhibitor of the last step of noradrenaline biosynthesis.	1.98	1	0
cambendazole Cambendazole: A nematocide effective against a variety of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle, sheep, and horses.	1.96	1	0
torpedo Torpedo: A genus of the Torpedinidae family consisting of several species. Members of this family have powerful electric organs and are commonly called electric rays.	2.37	2	0
azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.	1.97	1	0	pseudohalide anion	mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
adenosine diphosphate ribose Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose: An ester formed between the aldehydic carbon of RIBOSE and the terminal phosphate of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE. It is produced by the hydrolysis of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by a variety of enzymes, some of which transfer an ADP-ribosyl group to target proteins.	4.22	18	0	ADP-sugar	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	6.24	9	4	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.	3.85	12	0	timolol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.4	2	0	tryptamines
penfluridol Penfluridol: One of the long-acting ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS used for maintenance or long-term therapy of SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
oxamethacin oxamethacin: structure. oxametacin : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indometacin with the amino group of hydroxylamine.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ether; hydroxamic acid; N-acylindole; organochlorine compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tramadol Tramadol: A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating.. tramadol : A racemate consisting of equal amounts of (R,R)- and (S,S)-tramadol. A centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic, used (as the hydrochloride salt) to treat moderately severe pain. The (R,R)-enantiomer exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer. Originally developed by Gruenenthal GmbH and launched in 1977, it was subsequently isolated from the root bark of the South African tree Nauclea latifolia.. (R,R)-tramadol : A 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol in which both stereocentres have R-configuration; the (R,R)-enantiomer of the racemic opioid analgesic tramadol, it exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer.	2.96	4	0	2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antitussive; capsaicin receptor antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; muscarinic antagonist; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
vanadyl sulfate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	metal sulfate; vanadium coordination entity
nicergoline Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.	2.69	3	0	organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
nigericin Nigericin: A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nigericin : A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus.	2.38	2	0	polycyclic ether	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
oxcarbazepine Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.	2.05	1	0	cyclic ketone; dibenzoazepine	anticonvulsant; drug allergen
carbidopa carbidopa (anhydrous) : 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	2.07	1	0	catechols; hydrazines; monocarboxylic acid	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
ioxitalamic acid ioxitalamic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; Telebrix 38 contains both sodium ioxitalamate & meglumine ioxitalamate; structure. iooxitalamic acid : An organoiodine compound that is 2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3 and a (2-hydroxyethyl)carbamoyl group at position 5. It is used as a contrast medium.	2.05	1	0	acetamides; benzoic acids; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
dimethyl suberimidate Dimethyl Suberimidate: The methyl imidoester of suberic acid used to produce cross links in proteins. Each end of the imidoester will react with an amino group in the protein molecule to form an amidine.	1.96	1	0
amineptin amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.	2.05	1	0	amino acid; carbocyclic fatty acid; carbotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor
zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.	2.92	4	0	azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
etofenamate etofenamate: structure	1.97	1	0	benzoate ester
acetylgalactosamine Acetylgalactosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of galactosamine.	2.46	2	0	N-acetyl-D-hexosamine; N-acetylgalactosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pirprofen pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure	2.05	1	0	pyrroline
4-vinyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol 4-vinyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol: isolated from canola oil; structure in first source	2.11	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols
3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl : A tetrachlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which the hydrogens at position 3 and 4 on each phenyl group are replaced by chlorines.	2.4	2	0	dichlorobenzene; tetrachlorobiphenyl
3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl [no description available]	2.38	2	0	hexachlorobiphenyl; trichlorobenzene
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	2.69	3	0	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	3.64	9	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
alinidine [no description available]	1.96	1	0
etoposide [no description available]	3.28	6	0	beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
substance p [no description available]	13.35	168	9	peptide	neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
promegestone Promegestone: A synthetic progestin which is useful for the study of progestin distribution and progestin tissue receptors, as it is not bound by transcortin and binds to progesterone receptors with a higher association constant than progesterone.. promegestone : A progestin consisting of 17beta-propionylestra-4,9-dien-3-one substituted at position 17 by a methyl group.	2.43	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid	antineoplastic agent; progesterone receptor agonist; progestin
dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	4.65	6	1	catecholamine; secondary amine	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
ticarcillin Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.	2.03	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
phenyl-2-aminoethyl sulfide phenyl-2-aminoethyl sulfide: dopamine-beta-hydroxylase substrate; structure given in first source	2.1	1	0
avridine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	amino alcohol
trimazosin trimazosin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
imidazole-2-hydroxybenzoate imidazole-2-hydroxybenzoate: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid compounded with imidazole	1.96	1	0
butaclamol (+)-butaclamol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is 2,3,4,4a,8,9,13b,14-octahydro-1H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2,3-de]pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline substituted at position 3 by both hydroxy and tert-butyl groups.	2.13	1	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound
butaclamol [no description available]	2.76	3	0	amino alcohol; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist
4-methylhistamine 4-methylhistamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-methylhistamine : An aralkylamino compound that is histamine bearing a methyl substituent at the 5 position on the ring.	2.37	2	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	histamine agonist; metabolite
ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename	2.41	2	0	1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
lentinan [no description available]	2.43	2	0
amikacin Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.	2.05	1	0	alpha-D-glucoside; amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside; carboxamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; nephrotoxin
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.	4.95	38	0	butyrate ester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
tolamolol [no description available]	2.1	1	0
flunixin flunixin : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino group. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine (usually as the meglumine salt) for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.	5.49	8	2	aminopyridine; organofluorine compound; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cephradine Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.	2.07	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
ticrynafen Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antihypertensive agent; hepatotoxic agent; loop diuretic
methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	2.77	3	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent
bezafibrate [no description available]	2.76	3	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	3.85	4	0
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	5.72	20	1	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
flunixin meglumine flunixin meglumine : An organoammonium salt obtained by combining flunixin with one molar equivalent of 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.	6.79	23	3	organoammonium salt	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.73	3	0	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
vx VX nerve agent : A organic thiophosphate that is the ethyl ester of S-{2-[di(propan-2-yl)amino]ethyl} O hydrogen methylphosphonothioate. A toxic nerve agent used in chemical warfare.	2.07	1	0	organic thiophosphate; tertiary amino compound	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; neurotoxin
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.	10.87	167	2	alpha-amino acid ester; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; N-nitro compound	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
dexibuprofen dexibuprofen: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	ibuprofen	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
benoxaprofen benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.	3.58	9	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antipsoriatic; antipyretic; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; nephrotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; protein kinase C agonist
tiamenidine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	organochlorine compound
deoxynivalenol deoxynivalenol : A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium to which wheat, barley, maize (corn) and their products are susceptible to contamination.	3.43	7	0	cyclic ketone; enone; primary alcohol; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; trichothecene; triol	mycotoxin
doxantrazole doxantrazole: structure	2.37	2	0
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	2.44	2	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
quisqualic acid Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.	2.93	4	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
decamethrin decamethrin: pyrethroid insecticide; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	1.97	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; nitrile; organobromine compound	agrochemical; antifeedant; calcium channel agonist; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; pyrethroid ester insecticide
pirfenidone pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.	2.47	2	0	pyridone	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	3.64	9	0	chromanol; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger; Wnt signalling inhibitor
1-carboxyglutamic acid 1-Carboxyglutamic Acid: Found in various tissues, particularly in four blood-clotting proteins including prothrombin, in kidney protein, in bone protein, and in the protein present in various ectopic calcifications.	1.96	1	0
diisopropanolnitrosamine diisopropanolnitrosamine: experimental carcinogen. N,N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine : A nitrosamine that is dipropylamine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a nitroso group. It is a genotoxic carcinogen, targeting the lung, liver, thyroid, and kidney.	2.07	1	0	diol; nitrosamine; secondary alcohol	carcinogenic agent
lodoxamide ethyl lodoxamide ethyl: inhibits anaphylactic reactions; structure	1.99	1	0
desogestrel Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide: 7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.	2.25	1	0	epoxide	intercalator
impromidine Impromidine: A highly potent and specific histamine H2 receptor agonist. It has been used diagnostically as a gastric secretion indicator.	1.99	1	0
muzolimine Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.	2.67	3	0	dichlorobenzene
sufentanil Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	2.93	4	0	anilide; ether; piperidines; thiophenes	anaesthesia adjuvant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
torsemide Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.	2.07	1	0	aminopyridine; N-sulfonylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; loop diuretic
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	2.41	2	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in seventh source	2.02	1	0
desflurane Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.	2.05	1	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
nufenoxole nufenoxole: structure	1.96	1	0
tilomisole tilomisole: structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
enkephalin, methionine Enkephalin, Methionine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from LEU-ENKEPHALIN by the amino acid METHIONINE in position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.	4.27	19	0
Flamprop [no description available]	2.1	1	0	benzamides
nafazatrom [no description available]	2.88	4	0
laurocapram laurocapram: enhances percutaneous absorption of different chemicals; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
fluridone [no description available]	2.08	1	0	phenylpyridine	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor
dihydroalprenolol Dihydroalprenolol: Hydrogenated alprenolol derivative where the extra hydrogens are often tritiated. This radiolabeled form of ALPRENOLOL, a beta-adrenergic blocker, is used to label the beta-adrenergic receptor for isolation and study.	3.98	4	0
propiconazole Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.	6.28	15	0	conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine: structure. nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine : A nitrosamine that is iminodiacetone that is substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom. It induces pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in Syrian golden hamsters (other rodents are not susceptible).	3.11	5	0	ketone; nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent
orpanoxin [no description available]	1.98	1	0
piperacillin Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.7	3	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
paroxetine Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.	2.98	4	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; organofluorine compound; piperidines	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	9.54	67	6	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
progabide progabide: GABA agonist; structure	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
cefoperazone Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.	2.94	4	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
foscarnet sodium trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	2.05	1	0	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antiviral drug
indalpine indalpine: selective 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	indoles
5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone: structure; from tobacco smoke	3.71	10	0	nitrosamine; pyridines
oltipraz oltipraz : A 1,2-dithiole that is 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione substituted at positions 4 and 5 by methyl and pyrazin-2-yl groups respectively.	3.09	1	0	1,2-dithiole; pyrazines	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimutagen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; neurotoxin; protective agent; schistosomicide drug
moxalactam Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.	2.05	1	0	cephalosporin; oxacephem	antibacterial drug
lidamidine lidamidine: synonym WHR-1142A refers to HCl; structure	4.28	4	1	ureas
nicorandil Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.	2.91	4	0	nitrate ester; pyridinecarboxamide	potassium channel opener; vasodilator agent
bw-755c 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine: A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.	4.83	34	0
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	11.33	538	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.05	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
encainide Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.	2.05	1	0	benzamides; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
talniflumate talniflumate: an anti-inflammatory molecule for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma	2.07	1	0	benzofurans
buserelin Buserelin: A potent synthetic analog of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-serine substitution at residue 6, glycine10 deletion, and other modifications.	3.24	6	0	oligopeptide
tiotidine tiotidine: UD gives slightly different structure for this cpd; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.9	4	0	thiazoles
nedocromil Nedocromil: A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including EOSINOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; MONOCYTES; AND PLATELETS.	2.7	3	0	dicarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
doxofylline doxofylline : An oxopurine that is a derivative of xanthine, methylated at N-1 and N-3 and carrying a 1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl group at N-7, used in the treatment of asthma.	2.25	1	0	oxopurine	anti-asthmatic drug; antitussive; bronchodilator agent
4-methacryloxyethyltrimellitic acid anhydride 4-methacryloxyethyltrimellitic acid anhydride: monomer used in 4-META resin; which is used as dental resin; structure given in first source; Cover-Up II is a 4-META bases bonding agent	2.31	1	0
cefaclor anhydrous Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.4	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
pirazolac [no description available]	1.97	1	0
alfentanil Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.	1.98	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	central nervous system depressant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
bisantrene bisantrene: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonyms CL 216942 & NSC 337766 refers to di-HCl. bisantrene : A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of both of the aldehyde groups of anthracene-9,10-dicarbaldehyde with 2-hydrazinyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole.	1.96	1	0	anthracenes; hydrazone; imidazolidines	antineoplastic agent
sulotroban sulotroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist	2.68	3	0
fomesafen fomesafen: a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide. fomesafen : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide that is N-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide in which the phenyl ring is substituted by a nitro group at position 2 and a 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it was specially developed for use (generally as the corresponding sodium salt, fomesafen-sodium) for post-emergence control of broad-leaf weeds in soya.	6.65	29	2	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; organofluorine compound; phenols	agrochemical; EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide
fenoxycarb fenoxycarb: used against mosquitoes (Diptera:Culicidae); structure given in first source. fenoxycarb : A carbamate ester that is the O-ethyl carbamate of 2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethylamine.	2	1	0	aromatic ether; carbamate ester	environmental contaminant; insecticide; juvenile hormone mimic; xenobiotic
miglustat miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.	2.05	1	0	piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
swainsonine Swainsonine: An indolizidine alkaloid from the plant Swainsona canescens that is a potent alpha-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine also exhibits antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activity.. swainsonine : An indolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant Swainsona canescens with three hydroxy substituents at positions 1, 2 and 8.	2.07	1	0	indolizidine alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.2.1.114 (mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3-1,6-alpha-mannosidase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; plant metabolite
dazoxiben dazoxiben: RN given refers to parent cpd	4.37	21	0
cefotetan Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.	2.05	1	0
lovastatin Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).	3.13	5	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	anticholesteremic drug; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; prodrug
tolrestat tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source	2.73	3	0	naphthalenes	EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
dazmegrel [no description available]	4.37	21	0
enoximone Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone
bermoprofen bermoprofen: structure given in first source	2.88	4	0	dibenzooxazepine
fanetizole [no description available]	1.96	1	0
bm 13505 daltroban: thromboxane antagonist	2.89	4	0
piritrexim piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
castanospermine castanospermine: indolizidine alkaloid from seeds of Australian legume, Castanospermum australe. castanospermine : A tetrahydroxyindolizidine alkaloid that consists of octahydroindolizine having four hydroxy substituents located at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 (the 1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR-diastereomer).	2.07	1	0	indolizidine alkaloid	anti-HIV-1 agent; anti-inflammatory agent; EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor; metabolite
simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.	5.07	9	1	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic)	EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug
idazoxan Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.	3.25	6	0	benzodioxine; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
remoxipride Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.	2.49	2	0	dimethoxybenzene
quinpirole Quinpirole: A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.. quinpirole : A pyrazoloquinoline that is (4aR,8aR)-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-g]quinoline substituted by a propyl group at position 5. It acts as a dopamine agonist.	2.41	2	0	pyrazoloquinoline	dopamine agonist
pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.	3.17	5	0	3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic)	anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic
cabergoline Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.	3.13	1	0	N-acylurea	antineoplastic agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
atomoxetine hydrochloride Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
atomoxetine atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.	2.1	1	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound; toluenes	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
quinapril Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.7	3	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
alpidem [no description available]	2.07	1	0	imidazoles
raloxifene hydrochloride Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride.	2	1	0	hydrochloride	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
cicletanine [no description available]	5.63	10	2	organochlorine compound
gepirone gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	19.78	111	20	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
gusperimus gusperimus: synthesized by chemical modification of spergualin; in combination with cyclosporin A prevents diabetes in predisposed NOD mice; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (-)-isomer trihydrochloride	2.01	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
pirmagrel pirmagrel: structure given in first source	2.66	3	0
loxtidine loxtidine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parenet cpd. loxtidine : A triazole that consists of 1,2,4-triazole bearing a methyl substituent at position 1, a hydroxymethyl substituent at position 3 and a {3-[3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenoxy]propyl}amino group at position 5. A highly potent and selective H2-receptor antagonist.	1.98	1	0	aromatic ether; piperidines; primary alcohol; triazoles	H2-receptor antagonist
dopexamine dopexamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.42	2	0	catecholamine
lonapalene RS 43179: used in treatment of psoriasis	2.42	2	0	naphthalenes; organochlorine compound
cilazapril, anhydrous Cilazapril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors) used for hypertension. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat.. cilazapril : A pyridazinodiazepine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cilazaprilat with ethanol. It is a drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	4.85	4	2	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; pyridazinodiazepine	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
pravadoline [no description available]	1.97	1	0
salmeterol xinafoate Salmeterol Xinafoate: A selective ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR agonist that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR when administered by inhalation. It is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.	3.8	11	0	naphthoic acid
ipsapirone [no description available]	2.07	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
fura-2 Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues.	4.69	29	0
eticlopride eticlopride: blocks dopamine-D2 binding sites; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (S)-isomer	2.01	1	0	salicylamides
imiquimod Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.	2.49	2	0	imidazoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; interferon inducer
sematilide sematilide: RN refers to HCl; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
fadrozole Fadrozole: A selective aromatase inhibitor effective in the treatment of estrogen-dependent disease including breast cancer.	3.55	2	0	imidazopyridine
tepoxalin tepoxalin : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]propanoic acid with the amino group of N-methylhydroxylamine. It is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation caused by musculoskeletal disorders such as hip dysplasia and arthritis in dogs.	5.22	6	2	aromatic ether; hydroxamic acid; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	antipyretic; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; lipoxygenase inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
n-(8-aminohexyl)-5-iodonaphthalene-1-sulfonamide N-(8-aminohexyl)-5-iodonaphthalene-1-sulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist	1.98	1	0
adapalene Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE.. adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.	2.06	1	0	adamantanes; monocarboxylic acid; naphthoic acid	dermatologic drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
adefovir adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	2.02	1	0	6-aminopurines; ether; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent
loxiglumide loxiglumide: cholecystokinin receptor antagonist; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; structure in first source	1.99	1	0	organic molecular entity
aromasil [no description available]	4.12	3	1	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sparfloxacin [no description available]	2.42	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone
zileuton [no description available]	5.55	16	1	1-benzothiophenes; ureas	anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
remacemide remacemide: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	stilbenoid
tebufelone tebufelone: structure given in first source	2.38	2	0
clopidogrel Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.	4.41	6	0	methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.	2.05	1	0	phosphonic acids; pyrimidone	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; photosensitizing agent
marbofloxacin [no description available]	3.41	1	1	quinolines
tenidap tenidap: structure given in first source; RN refers to (Z)-isomer	4.15	6	0
bromfenac bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.	8.56	14	7	aromatic amino acid; benzophenones; organobromine compound; substituted aniline	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gemcitabine gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.	2.46	2	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
aripiprazole Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.	2.59	2	0	aromatic ether; delta-lactam; dichlorobenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone	drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic agonist
remifentanil Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.	2.41	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester; anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidinecarboxylate ester	intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; sedative
atorvastatin [no description available]	6.2	17	2	aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic)	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
lamivudine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; oxacycle; primary alcohol	allergen; anti-HBV agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
duloxetine hydrochloride Duloxetine Hydrochloride: A thiophene derivative and selective NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITOR for SEROTONIN and NORADRENALINE (SNRI). It is an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT and ANXIOLYTIC, and is also used for the treatment of pain in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS and FIBROMYALGIA.. (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride : A duloxetine hydrochloride in which the duloxetine moiety has S configuration.	2.08	1	0	duloxetine hydrochloride	antidepressant
duloxetine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	duloxetine
irinotecan [no description available]	3.89	12	0	carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.	2.47	2	0	biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ibandronic acid Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	2.04	1	0
3-iodobenzylguanidine 3-Iodobenzylguanidine: A guanidine analog with specific affinity for tissues of the sympathetic nervous system and related tumors. The radiolabeled forms are used as antineoplastic agents and radioactive imaging agents. (Merck Index, 12th ed) MIBG serves as a neuron-blocking agent which has a strong affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla and also inhibits ADP-ribosyltransferase.	2.01	1	0	organoiodine compound
adefovir dipivoxil bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	2.05	1	0	6-aminopurines; carbonate ester; ether; organic phosphonate	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent; prodrug
mk 0591 MK 0591: structure given in first source; MK 0591 was previously L-686,708; inhibits leukotriene biosynthesis by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase activating protein	3.37	1	1
tiludronic acid tiludronic acid: a bone resorption inhibitor; an antihypercalcemic agent; used in the tratment of Paget's disease; used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	organochlorine compound
capecitabine Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; cytidines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	10.4	132	0	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
ferric citrate ferric citrate: RN given refers to Fe(+3)[1:1] salt. iron(III) citrate : An iron chelate resulting from the combination of iron(3+) and citrate(3-).	1.99	1	0	iron chelate	anti-anaemic agent; nutraceutical
1-n-butylimidazole [no description available]	2.05	1	0
gadolinium chloride gadolinium chloride: a macrophage inhibitor; reduces pulmonary injury and inflammatory mediator production induced by inhaled ozone	3.38	7	0	gadolinium coordination entity	TRP channel blocker
d-lactic acid (R)-lactic acid : An optically active form of lactic acid having (R)-configuration.	2.1	1	0	2-hydroxypropanoic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.	4.48	23	0	trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion	EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
dimethylhydrazines Dimethylhydrazines: Hydrazines substituted with two methyl groups in any position.	3.23	6	0
carfentanil carfentanil : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of methyl 4-anilino-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate with propanoic acid.	1.96	1	0	methyl ester; piperidines; tertiary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; tranquilizing drug
acridine orange Acridine Orange: A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.. acridine orange : Fluorescent dye useful for cell cycle determination. It is cell-permeable, and interacts with DNA and RNA by intercalation or electrostatic attractions respectively.. acridine orange free base : A member of the class of aminoacridines that is acridine carrying two dimethylamino substituents at positions 3 and 6. The hydrochloride salt is the fluorescent dye 'acridine orange', used for cell cycle determination.	1.96	1	0	aminoacridines; aromatic amine; tertiary amino compound	fluorochrome; histological dye
isothiocyanic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydracid; one-carbon compound
caloreen caloreen: glucose polymer with average length of five glucose units for dietary energy supplement. dextrin : Glucans produced by the hydrolysis of starch or glycogen. They are mixtures of polymers of D-glucose units linked by alpha(1->4) or alpha(1->6) glycosidic bonds.	2.88	4	0
daunorubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0	anthracycline
ici 63197 ICI 63197: structure	1.96	1	0	triazolopyrimidines
paroxetine hydrochloride paroxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of paroxetine. It is an antidepressant drug.	2.07	1	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
halofuginone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinazolines
trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.	5.96	5	2	hydrochloride	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene: Russian drug; saluretic containing above 2 cpds; do not confuse with Triampur synonym for triamterene; Dyazide & Maxzide have different proportions	3.35	1	1
ortho-cept ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne	2.05	1	0
trovafloxacin trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.	2.1	1	0
verapamil hydrochloride verapamil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil hydrochloride and (S)-verapamil hydrochloride.	2.07	1	0
cefprozil [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
isosorbide-2-mononitrate isosorbide-2-mononitrate: for prevention & therapy of angina pectoris	1.97	1	0
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
efavirenz efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	2.05	1	0	acetylenic compound; benzoxazine; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfide; benzamides; organic heterobicyclic compound; phenols; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; HIV protease inhibitor
doxapram hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	central nervous system stimulant
aluminum phosphate aluminum phosphate: gel used as immunologic adjuvent; RN given refers to Al salt	2.4	2	0
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	9.84	230	1	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
anisodamine anisodamine: alkaloid isolated from Chinese solanacea plant	8.09	5	0
mevastatin mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.	2.96	4	0	2-pyranones; carboxylic ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	antifungal agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; Penicillium metabolite
acid citrate dextrose acid citrate dextrose: used as blood preservative; a mixture of dextrose, citric acid and trisodium citrate	3.38	1	1
lanthanum chloride lanthanum chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.38	2	0
2-amino-3-phenylbutanoic acid [no description available]	2.21	1	0
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	1.97	1	0
fenofibric acid fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.	1.99	1	0	aromatic ketone; chlorobenzophenone; monocarboxylic acid	drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.06	1	0	2-benzofurans	fluorochrome
ursolic acid [no description available]	3.93	12	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	geroprotector; plant metabolite
3-aminoisobutyric acid 3-aminoisobutyric acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-aminoisobutyric acid : A beta-amino-acid that is isobutyric acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by an amino group.	3.35	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; beta-amino acid	metabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol 1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.	2.05	1	0	anhydro sugar	human metabolite
norharman norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.	2.07	1	0	beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	fungal metabolite; marine metabolite
thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.	6.02	35	0	organic bromide salt	colorimetric reagent; dye
3-methylhistidine 3-methylhistidine: marker for myofibrillar-protein breakdown; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. 3-methylhistidine : A methylhistidine in which the methyl group is located at N-3.. N(pros)-methyl-L-histidine : A L-histidine derivative that is L-histidine substituted by a methyl group at position 3 on the imidazole ring.	3.77	2	1	L-histidine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; zwitterion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
betulinic acid [no description available]	3.62	8	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-HIV agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; plant metabolite
arctigenin arctigenin: precursor to catechols; in many plants	2.25	1	0	lignan
baicalin [no description available]	3.98	13	0	dihydroxyflavone; glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative	antiatherosclerotic agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite; prodrug
plerixafor plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.	3	1	0	azacycloalkane; azamacrocycle; benzenes; crown amine; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist; immunological adjuvant
amprenavir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; sulfonamide; tetrahydrofuryl ester	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
allicin [no description available]	1.97	1	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; sulfoxide	antibacterial agent
diacetylfluorescein [no description available]	1.96	1	0
epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.	6.62	25	0	flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
n-acetylaspartic acid N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid : An N-acyl-L-aspartic acid in which the acyl group is specified as acetyl.	2.43	2	0	N-acetyl-L-amino acid; N-acyl-L-aspartic acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; rat metabolite
fluorexon fluorexon: structure	2.91	4	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
25-hydroxycholesterol [no description available]	2.66	3	0	25-hydroxy steroid; oxysterol	human metabolite
10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium: chemoluminescent probe; RN given refers to dinitrate; Lucigenin refers to dinitrate	2.11	1	0
aica ribonucleotide AICA ribonucleotide: purine precursor that has antineoplastic activity. AICA ribonucleotide : A 1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide that is acadesine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position has been converted to its monophosphate derivative.	2.44	2	0	1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide; aminoimidazole	cardiovascular drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
salvin salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae)	3.39	2	0	abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; catechols; monocarboxylic acid	angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; food preservative; HIV protease inhibitor; plant metabolite
2',5'-dideoxyadenosine [no description available]	4.06	15	0	deoxyribonucleoside
1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.	2.01	1	0	gallate ester; galloyl beta-D-glucose	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent; radical scavenger
surfactin peptide surfactin peptide: antineoplastic product isolated from Bacillus sp.	2.08	1	0
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid: spelled pyrolidine in J Nutr 1979 reference; RN given refers to parent cpd. pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is the N-dithiocarboxy derivative of pyrrolidine.	4.28	18	0	dithiocarbamic acids; pyrrolidines	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; NF-kappaB inhibitor; radical scavenger
peroxynitric acid [no description available]	3.25	6	0	nitrogen oxoacid
glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.	3.54	8	0	glutathione derivative; organic disulfide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
baccatin iii [no description available]	2.07	1	0	acetate ester; benzoate ester; tetracyclic diterpenoid	plant metabolite
fenclofenac fenclofenac: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.69	3	0	aromatic ether
taleranol taleranol: a metabolite of ZEARALENONE which is a non-steroidal estrogenic lactone used as an anabolic compound in animal feed; a stereoisomer of ZERANOL (alpha-zearalanol)	2.07	1	0	macrolide
narasin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	diterpene glycoside
betamethasone sodium phosphate betamethasone sodium phosphate: phosphate ester of betamethasone; RN given refers to the di-Na salt (11beta,16beta)-isomer; structure in Negwer,5th ed, 4975. betamethasone sodium phosphate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of betamethasone phosphate.	1.99	1	0	organic sodium salt; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
iopamidol Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position.	1.97	1	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound; pentol	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
proxicromil proxicromil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.07	1	0
n-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid [no description available]	2.38	2	0	aminobenzoic acid
cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.	2.42	2	0	cephalosporin	fungal metabolite
quassin quassin: article discusses quassinoid principle; structure	2.07	1	0	triterpenoid
tomatidine tomatidine: RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,22beta,25S)-isomer; structure. tomatidine : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid resulting from the substitution of the 3beta-hydrogen of tomatidane by a hydroxy group.	2.46	2	0	3beta-hydroxy steroid; azaspiro compound; oxaspiro compound
tropodifene tropodifene: russian drug; RN given refers to (endo)-isomer; structure	1.97	1	0
bendamustine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles
erdosteine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
st 679 [no description available]	2	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
aloxistatin aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.	2.42	2	0	epoxide; ethyl ester; L-leucine derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide	anticoronaviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor
tienoxolol tienoxolol: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
benzenesulfohydrazide benzenesulfohydrazide: structure in first source	2.53	2	0
rutecarpine rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules	4.54	5	1	beta-carbolines
flutonidine flutonidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
atrinositol [no description available]	1.99	1	0
tretoquinol Tretoquinol: An adrenergic beta-agonist used as a bronchodilator agent in asthma therapy.	1.96	1	0	isoquinolines
ecabet ecabet: structure in first source	3.37	7	0	diterpenoid
oxaceprol oxaceprol: RN given refers to (trans)-isomer	1.99	1	0
motapizone motapizone: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
azetirelin azetirelin: TRH analog; has more potent effect than TRH on central nervous system; structure given in first source; RN from Toxline	2.38	2	0
nafagrel nafagrel: structure given in first source	2.68	3	0
sertaconazole sertaconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-sertaconazole. A broad spectrum antifungal with added antipruritic and anti-inflammatory activity used (as its nitrate salt) for treatment of various skin infections.. 1-{2-[(7-chloro-1-benzothiophen-3-yl)methoxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that carries a 2-[(7-chloro-1-benzothiophen-3-yl)methoxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group at position 1.	2.04	1	0	1-benzothiophenes; dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
leminoprazole [no description available]	2.68	3	0
torbafylline torbafylline: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
web 2086 WEB 2086: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist	3.68	10	0	organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound
mizolastine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles
bepafant bepafant: RN given from Toxlit 6/90; PAF antagonist	2.9	4	0
intoplicine intoplicine: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	pyridoindole
rilmakalim rilmakalim: potassium channel opener; rimalkalim may be a typo	1.98	1	0
setipafant Setipafant: platelet activating factor antagonist	2.39	2	0
tolafentrine tolafentrine: a mixed-type phosphodiesterase (PDE) III/IV inhibitor	2.01	1	0
telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.	2.75	3	0	benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
methacycline [no description available]	3.23	6	0	1,2-diglyceride
bergenin bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure	2.07	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid	metabolite
dexfenfluramine Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.	2.05	1	0	fenfluramine	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
allyl methyl sulfide [no description available]	2.43	2	0	organic sulfide
trenbolone acetate Trenbolone Acetate: An anabolic steroid used mainly as an anabolic agent in veterinary practice.	2.25	1	0	steroid ester
xenon radioisotopes Xenon Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes.	2	1	0
2-methoxyestradiol 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.	3.81	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
estradiol 3,17-disulfate estradiol 3,17-disulfate: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer	2.03	1	0	steroid sulfate
naphthalimides Naphthalimides: Compounds with three fused rings that appear like a naphthalene fused to piperidone or like a benz(de)isoquinoline-1,3-dione (not to be confused with BENZYLISOQUINOLINES which have a methyl separating the naphthyl from the benzyl rings). Members are CYTOTOXINS.	2.51	2	0
2-fluoroestradiol 2-fluoroestradiol: in contrast to 4-fluoroestradiol above cpd is not a carcinogen	1.97	1	0
girard's reagent t Girard's reagent T: used for separating ketosteroids; RN given refers to chloride	2.1	1	0
thiamorpholine thiamorpholine: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiomorpholine : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is an analogue of morpholine where the oxygen atom is replaced by sulfur.	2.1	1	0	saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; thiomorpholines
phenoxazine phenoxazine: RN given refers to 10H-phenoxazine. 10H-phenoxazine : A member of the class of phenoxazines that is morpholine which is ortho-fused to two benzene rings at positions 2-3 and 5-6.	2.05	1	0	phenoxazine	ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
cresatin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzoate ester; phenols
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	8.64	53	1	1,2,3-triazole
pinocembrin pinocembrin : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7. A natural product found in Piper sarmentosum and Cryptocarya chartacea.	2.77	3	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; dihydroxyflavanone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; vasodilator agent
benzofuroxan [no description available]	2.05	1	0
tangeretin tangeretin: structure given in first source; from citrus plants; inhibits invasion of MO4 mouse cells into embryonic chick heart in vitro. tangeretin : A pentamethoxyflavone flavone with methoxy groups at positions 4', 5, 6 , 7 and 8.. pentamethoxyflavone : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a five methoxy groups.	2.83	3	0	pentamethoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
isoimperatorin isoimperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist isolated from Glehniae root. isoimperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 5. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.	2.03	1	0	psoralens	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; metabolite
isocoumarins Isocoumarins: Compounds that differ from COUMARINS in having the positions of the ring and ketone oxygens reversed so the keto oxygen is at the 1-position of the molecule.. isocoumarin : The simplest member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1H-isochromene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1.	2.81	3	0	isocoumarins
5-hydroxyflavone [no description available]	1.98	1	0	flavones
sesamol sesamol: constituent of sesame oil; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.73	3	0	benzodioxoles
medetomidine Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.	2.05	1	0	imidazoles
fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)	2.06	1	0	2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	2.47	2	0	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
picosulfate sodium picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfate; pyridines
lonazolac lonazolac: RN given refers to parent cpd. lonazolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylpyrazol-4-yl group.	1.96	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
zoledronic acid Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.	3.18	5	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); imidazoles	bone density conservation agent
guacetisal guacetisal: tolerated by patients with aspirin-asthma	1.96	1	0	carbonyl compound
talinolol [no description available]	1.96	1	0	ureas
schizandrol b schizandrol B: from Schizandra chinensis, plant used as tonic in traditional Chinese medicine	2.1	1	0	tannin
traxanox traxanox: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0	pyridochromene
delta sleep-inducing peptide Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide: A nonapeptide that is found in neurons, peripheral organs, and plasma. This neuropeptide induces mainly delta sleep in mammals. In addition to sleep, the peptide has been observed to affect electrophysiological activity, neurotransmitter levels in the brain, circadian and locomotor patterns, hormonal levels, psychological performance, and the activity of neuropharmacological drugs including their withdrawal.	1.97	1	0
fepradinol [no description available]	1.98	1	0	aralkylamine
esaprazole esaprazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	1.97	1	0
pirinixil pirinixil: structure	1.97	1	0
dienogest [no description available]	2.76	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; aliphatic nitrile; steroid hormone	progesterone receptor agonist; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
propacetamol propacetamol: prodrug for acetaminophen; structure given in UD; RN given refers to HCl; RN for parent cpd not available 5/90	2.01	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester
diclofensine diclofensine: RN given refers to parent cpd(+-)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
oxindanac oxindanac: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
timegadine timegadine: first source states that SR 1368 is synonym for cpd; SR 1368 is a different cpd in Chemline; structure given in first source	2.38	2	0
fenflumizole fenflumizole: structure in first source	1.96	1	0
3-propylphenol 3-propylphenol: insect bait; RN from File CHEMID	2.05	1	0
glycyl-glycyl-glycyl-glycine [no description available]	2.1	1	0
isoscopoletin isoscopoletin : A hydroxycoumarin that is esculetin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is the major primary metabolite of scoparone.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; hydroxycoumarin	plant metabolite
morphazinamide morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index	2.05	1	0	morpholines; pyrazines; secondary carboxamide
tyrosine methyl ester tyrosine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. methyl L-tyrosinate : An L-tyrosyl ester that is the methyl ester of L-tyrosine.	1.97	1	0	L-tyrosyl ester; methyl ester
2-hydroxychavicol 2-hydroxychavicol: antimutagen from betel leaf; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
n-methylscopolamine N-Methylscopolamine: A muscarinic antagonist used to study binding characteristics of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.	2	1	0
enrofloxacin Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.	2.07	1	0	cyclopropanes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
cromakalim Cromakalim: A potassium-channel opening vasodilator that has been investigated in the management of hypertension. It has also been tried in patients with asthma. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p352)	4.28	4	1
vinburnine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	alkaloid
nicaraven nicaraven: an antivasospastic substance	1.96	1	0
6-amino-1-hydroxyhexane-1,1-diphosphonate 6-amino-1-hydroxyhexane-1,1-diphosphonate: used for therapy of Paget's disease of bone & malignant hypercalcaemia	2.04	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)
rentiapril rentiapril: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0
flosulide [no description available]	3.24	6	0
erythromycin propionate-n-acetylcysteinate [no description available]	2.11	1	0
nebivolol 2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.	2.1	1	0	chromanes; diol; organofluorine compound; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
romazarit [no description available]	1.97	1	0
uk 68798 [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; potassium channel blocker
dexrazoxane Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.	2.05	1	0	razoxane	antineoplastic agent; cardiovascular drug; chelator; immunosuppressive agent
masoprocol Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase.	5.67	79	0	nordihydroguaiaretic acid	antineoplastic agent; hypoglycemic agent; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite
tocophersolan tocophersolan: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	tocol
diflorasone diflorasone: RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta,16beta)-isomer; structure. diflorasone : The 16beta-analogue of flumethasone. It is used as the 17,21-diacetate as a topical anti-inflammatory and antipruritic in the treatment of various skin disorders.	2.03	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
loperamide oxide loperamide oxide: RN given refers to (trans)-isomer	2.38	2	0
a 78773 A 78773: a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor	1.99	1	0
voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.	2.05	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	P450 inhibitor
clobuzarit [no description available]	1.97	1	0	biphenyls; organochlorine compound
mepindolol mepindolol: 2-methyl deriv of pindolol; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.07	1	0	indoles
fpl 52791 FPL 52791: also has anti-allergic properties; related to sodium cromoglycate; structure	2.07	1	0
carazolol carazolol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.1	1	0	carbazoles
spizofurone [no description available]	2.66	3	0	benzofurans
aceclofenac [no description available]	6.02	10	3	amino acid; carboxylic ester; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mepiprazole mepiprazole: psychotropic agent; tranquilizer in schizophrenia; possible chronobiotic agent for therapy in circadian rhythm desynchronization; RN given refers to parent cpd; RN for EMD 16923 with MF unknown: 52499-69-1	2.04	1	0	piperazines
alacepril [no description available]	1.96	1	0	dipeptide; thioacetate ester	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
epanolol epanolol: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	acetamides
cyclobutyrol cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.	2.05	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	bile therapy drug
dehydrosanol dehydrosanol: structure	1.96	1	0	benzothiadiazine
terlipressin terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.	2.05	1	0	polypeptide
morniflumate [no description available]	1.96	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
siguazodan [no description available]	1.99	1	0	pyridazinone
tizolemide tizolemide: HOE 740 refers to mono-HCl; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	1.96	1	0
timoprazole timoprazole: gastric acid secretion inhibitor	2.38	2	0
ubenimex ubenimex: growth inhibitor	3.3	6	0
avarol avarol: RN given refers to parent cpd; extract from Dysidea avara(sea sponge)	2.4	2	0
lf 1695 LF 1695: structure given in first source	2.37	2	0
epicatechin (-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.	2.07	1	0	catechin; polyphenol	antioxidant
6-hydroxyflavone 6-hydroxyflavone: antioxidant; structure in first source	1.98	1	0	hydroxyflavonoid
hesperetin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; monomethoxyflavanone; trihydroxyflavanone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
methotrimeprazine Methotrimeprazine: A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methotrimeprazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group and a methoxy group at positions 10 and 2 respectively.	2.49	2	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; cholinergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
4-o-methyl-12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate [no description available]	2.93	4	0
phorbol-12,13-diacetate phorbol-12,13-diacetate: RN given refers to (1aR-(1a alpha,1b beta,4a beta,7a alpha,7b alpha,8 alpha,9 beta,9a alpha))-isomer	2.41	2	0
magnolol [no description available]	3.3	6	0	biphenyls
honokiol [no description available]	3.33	6	0	biphenyls
isoflavone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	isoflavones
sesamin (+)-sesamin : A lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.	3.27	6	0	benzodioxoles; furofuran; lignan	antineoplastic agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
chelerythrine chloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
coptisine coptisine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1	0	alkaloid	metabolite
betulin betulin: isolated from various white birch bark (BETULA). betulin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents.	2.83	3	0	diol; pentacyclic triterpenoid	analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; metabolite
clevudine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
tetrahydroalstonine tetrahydroalstonine : A heteropentacyclic compound that is (20alpha)-16,17-didehydro-18-oxayohimban which is substituted at position 16 by a methoxycarbonyl group and at position 19 by a methyl group. It is a metabolite found in several plant species.	2.07	1	0	methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; yohimban alkaloid	plant metabolite
hernandezine hernandezine: from Thalictrum glandulosissimum; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (1beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/91	2.07	1	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
nobiletin nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively.	3.63	9	0	methoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
lycorine lycorine: from bulbs of LYCORIS & other plants; RN given refers to (1 alpha,2 beta)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5444. lycorine : An indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.	2.07	1	0	indolizidine alkaloid	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
mesoporphyrin ix mesoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; mesoheme is the iron salt of mesoporphyrin IX. mesoporphyrin IX : A member of the class of mesoporphyrins obtained by formal hydrogenation of the two vinyl groups in protoporphyrin.	2.41	2	0
teleocidin b-4 teleocidins: structure; RN given refers to teleocidin	2.37	2	0
leupeptin [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aldehyde; tripeptide	bacterial metabolite; calpain inhibitor; cathepsin B inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.4 (trypsin) inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor
picropodophyllin picropodophyllin: isolated from American May apple (Podophyllum); inhibits IGF-I autophosphorylation without interfering with tyrosine kinase activity. picropodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that has a furonaphthodioxole skeleton bearing 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl and hydroxy substituents.	2.07	1	0	furonaphthodioxole; lignan; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
oleandomycin [no description available]	2.1	1	0	oleandomycins
3-deazaaristeromycin 3-deazaaristeromycin: antagonist of S-adenosylhomocysteinase	1.96	1	0
zaluzanin C zaluzanin C: from Ainsliaea yunnanensis and Zaluzania robinsonii; structure in first source. zaluzanin C : A sesquiterpene lactone that is decahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2(3H)-one substituted by methylidene groups at positions 3, 6 and 9 and a hydroxy group at position 8.	2.02	1	0	gamma-lactone; guaiane sesquiterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; sesquiterpene lactone	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite
berberrubine berberrubine: RN refers to chloride salt; a protoberberine alkaloid antitumor agent which exhibits topoisomerase II poison activity as well as catalytic inhibition activity; structure in first source	2.11	1	0
3-aminophenoxazone 3-aminophenoxazone: also inhibits sulfatase; structure	2.04	1	0	phenoxazine
chimyl alcohol chimyl alcohol: RN given refers to cpd with specified locant & without isomeric designation; structure. 1-O-palmitylglycerol : An alkylglycerol that is glycerol carrying a single palmityl (hexadecyl) substituent at position 1.	2.17	1	0	alkylglycerol
methanesulfonamide [no description available]	2.38	2	0
indole-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	1.99	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
vexibinol vexibinol: flavanol from Sophora; structure in first source; RN given refers to (S-(R,S))-isomer. sophoraflavanone G : A tetrahydroxyflavanone having a structure of naringenin bearing an additional hydroxyl substituent at position 2' as well as a (2R)-5-methyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)hex-4-en-1-yl (lavandulyl) substituent at position 8'.	2.8	3	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; tetrahydroxyflavanone	antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
tetrandrine tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity	3.63	9	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
3-deazaneplanocin 3-deazaneplanocin: S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase antagonist	2.15	1	0
tosyllysine chloromethyl ketone Tosyllysine Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES. Acts as an alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process.	2.69	3	0	sulfonic acid derivative
beta-amyrin beta-amyrin: alpha-amyrin is also available; a 5 ring triterpene derived from oleanane that differs from alpha-amyrin in having the 29-carbon at the 20 position; RN given refers to (3 beta)-isomer. beta-amyrin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane substituted at the 3beta-position by a hydroxy group and containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13. It is one of the most commonly occurring triterpenoids in higher plants.	2.46	2	0	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; plant metabolite
dehydrocostus lactone dehydrocostus lactone : An organic heterotricyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-bis(methylene)decahydoazulen-5-yl group and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to afford the corresponding gamma-lactone.	2.49	2	0	gamma-lactone; guaiane sesquiterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	antimycobacterial drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; metabolite; trypanocidal drug
nodakenin nodakenin: RN given for (R)-isomer; has anti-inflammatory properties	2.07	1	0	furanocoumarin
isoalantolactone isoalantolactone: RN given refers to (3aR-(3aalpha,4aalpha,8abeta,9aalpha))-isomer; structure. isoalantolactone : A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group. It has been isolated from Inula helenium.	2.17	1	0	eudesmane sesquiterpenoid; sesquiterpene lactone	antifungal agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
gliclazide 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid: a gap junction inhibitor	2.17	1	0
marrubiin marrubiin: RN given for (2aS-(2aalpha,5abeta,6alpha,7alpha,8aalpha,8balpha))-isomer; often isolated from MARRUBIUM.	2.15	1	0	gamma-lactone
eburicoic acid eburicoic acid: structure	2.15	1	0
madecassic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tetrol	antioxidant; plant metabolite
brusatol brusatol: quassinoid from B. javanica; structure	2.25	1	0	triterpenoid
dehydroleucodine dehydroleucodine: has antimicrobial activity; RN given refers to (3aS-(3aalpha,9aalpha,9bbeta))-isomer	1.99	1	0
panaxadiol panaxadiol: a protopanaxadiol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis; RN refers to (3 beta,12 beta,20R)-isomer	2.07	1	0	triterpenoid saponin
1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: precursor of mutagenic nitroso cpd in soy sauce; structure given in first source	2.13	1	0	harmala alkaloid
tryptanthrine tryptanthrine: minor constituent of traditional Chinese medicine qing dai	2.71	3	0	alkaloid antibiotic; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
corilagin corilagin: isolated from Geranii herba. corilagin : An ellagitannin with a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group bridging over the 3-O and 6-O of the glucose core.	2.11	1	0	ellagitannin; gallate ester	antihypertensive agent; antioxidant; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
glycyl-histidyl-lysine glycyl-histidyl-lysine: found in human plasma; promotes proliferation of hepatoma cells, lymphocytes & mycoplsma; maintains viability of hepatocytes, eosinophils and macrophages; inhibits growth of glial cells; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Gly-His-Lys : A tripeptide composed of glycine, L-histidine and L-lysine residues joined in sequence.	1.97	1	0	tripeptide	chelator; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; vulnerary
homoeriodictyol homoeriodictyol: structure in first source. homoeriodictyol : A trihydroxyflavanone that consists of 3'-methoxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4', 5, and 7.	2.07	1	0	3'-methoxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; monomethoxyflavanone; trihydroxyflavanone	flavouring agent; metabolite
maslinic acid (2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria	2.31	1	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
4-hydroxyindole hydroxyindoles : Any member of the class of indoles carrying at least one hydroxy group.	2.07	1	0	hydroxyindoles; phenols
tutin tutin: neurotoxin found in Coriaria shrubs; hyenanchin is the hydroxy derivative; structure	1.96	1	0	gamma-lactone
phenylalanyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine phenylalanyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer	2.1	1	0	oligopeptide
2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine: histamine H1 receptor agonist inducing cross-tolerance to histamine; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.38	2	0	aminoalkylpyridine; primary amine	histamine agonist; metabolite
cyclobutanol cyclobutanol: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)propionic acid 3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)propionic acid: a selectin inhibitor	2.1	1	0
dimethylaminopropanol dimethylaminopropanol: dimethylamine precursor	2.1	1	0
2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate [no description available]	2.02	1	0
4'-methoxyflavone 4'-methoxyflavone: from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae); structure in first source	1.98	1	0	ether; flavonoids
1-benzylimidazole 1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase	3.07	5	0
rivastigmine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	carbamate ester; tertiary amino compound	cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
rosiglitazone [no description available]	5.55	25	0	aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones	EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug
erucin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	isothiocyanate
truxillic acid truxillic acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure	2.01	1	0
3,7-dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol Geranium: A plant genus of the family GERANIACEAE. Geranium is also used as a common name for PELARGONIUM.	2.45	2	0
cryptolepine cryptolepine: fused indole-quinoline; structure in first source; from CRYPTOLEPIS sanguinolenta. cryptolepine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline in which the hydrogen at position N-5 is replaced by a methyl group.	2.4	2	0	indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound	anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; plant metabolite
2-bromopalmitate 2-bromopalmitate: inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation; RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-bromohexadecanoic acid : A bromo fatty acid that is hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid carrying a single bromo substituent at position 2.	2.01	1	0	2-bromocarboxylic acid; bromo fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain fatty acid	fatty acid oxidation inhibitor
s20098 [no description available]	2.01	1	0	acetamides
noracycline Noracycline: contains lynestrenol & mestranol	1.97	1	0
ro 22-3581 [no description available]	1.97	1	0
1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone: structure in first source	2.44	2	0	imidazoles
3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol: serotonin metabolite; structure	3.96	12	0	catechols; primary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite
4-phenylbutylamine 4-phenylbutylamine: used as a drug partition into lipid bilayers in a cubic liquid-crystalline phase. 4-phenylbutylamine : A phenylalkylamine that is benzene in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.	2.1	1	0	benzenes; phenylalkylamine; primary amino compound
eriocitrin eriocitrin: structure in first source. eriocitrin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of eriodictyol substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.07	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; rutinoside; trihydroxyflavanone	antioxidant
biocytin biocytin : A monocarboxylic acid amide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of biotin with the N(6)-amino group of L-lysine.	2.03	1	0	azabicycloalkane; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-lysine derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thiabicycloalkane; ureas	mouse metabolite
d-aspartic acid [no description available]	2.02	1	0	aspartic acid; D-alpha-amino acid	mouse metabolite
acetaminophen cysteine acetaminophen cysteine: an acetaminophen metabolite	2.21	1	0	S-conjugate
ketorolac tromethamine Ketorolac Tromethamine: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.. ketorolac tromethamine : An organoammonium salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of ketorolac and tromethamine (tris). It has potent non-sedating analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.	9.68	16	8	organoammonium salt	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
clarithromycin Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.	4.56	5	1	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; protein synthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
coenzyme a [no description available]	2.71	3	0	adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate	coenzyme; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
loganin [no description available]	2.96	3	0	beta-D-glucoside; cyclopentapyran; enoate ester; iridoid monoterpenoid; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
glycinexylidide glycinexylidide: dealkylated metabolite of lidocaine; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd with dimethylphenyl moiety in positions 2,6. glycinexylidide : A amino acid amide with 2,6-dimethylaniline and glycine components; an active metabolite of lidocaine, formed by oxidative deethylation. Used as an indicator of hepatic function.	2.42	2	0	amino acid amide	drug metabolite
7,8-dihydromethysticin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	2-pyranones; aromatic ether
Trp-Trp tryptophyltryptophan: an antigelation agent. Trp-Trp : A dipeptide formed from two L-tryptophan residues.	2.1	1	0	dipeptide	Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
gentiopicroside gentiopicroside: a secoiridoid in Gentiana with rearrangement to two pyran rings	2.59	2	0	glycoside
kampirone 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine: metabolite of buspirone; structure given in first source	2.1	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
pc-796 [no description available]	1.96	1	0
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	8.75	80	2	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
cinchonine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol; cinchona alkaloid	metabolite
fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol.	7.57	20	3	iditol	fungal metabolite
7-bromomethylbenzanthracene [no description available]	1.98	1	0
aucubin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity	metabolite
lupinine lupinine: RN given refers to parent cpd(1R-trans)-isomer; structure	2.07	1	0	quinolizidine alkaloid
matrine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	alkaloid
equol Equol: A non-steroidal ESTROGEN generated when soybean products are metabolized by certain bacteria in the intestines.	2.15	1	0	hydroxyisoflavans
friedelin 3-friedelanone: from the stem bark of Irvingia gabonensis; structure in first source. friedelin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork.	2.49	2	0	cyclic terpene ketone; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; plant metabolite
7-ketocholesterol 7-ketocholesterol: inhibits uptake of cholesterol in rabbit aorta. 7-ketocholesterol : A cholestanoid that consists of cholesterol bearing an oxo substituent at position 7.	2.71	3	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; 7-oxo steroid; cholestanoid	neuroprotective agent
ethylphenylhydantoin ethylphenylhydantoin: the name nirvanol may have been used for ethotoin; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
ethylphenylpropiolate ethylphenylpropiolate: structure	2.08	1	0
catalpol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity	metabolite
3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol: noradrenaline metabolite in mouse brain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol : A tetrol composed of ethyleneglycol having a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at the 1-position.	2.4	2	0	catechols; tetrol	metabolite; mouse metabolite
5'-adenylyl (beta,gamma-methylene)diphosphonate 5'-adenylyl (beta,gamma-methylene)diphosphonate: do not confuse with alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate	1.96	1	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
homocysteine Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration.	2.53	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine; serine family amino acid	fundamental metabolite; mouse metabolite
alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate: do not confuse with beta,gamma-methylene ATP; RN given refers to parent cpd	4.03	14	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
quinine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
methylglucoside [no description available]	1.98	1	0
2-methylhistamine 2-methylhistamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-methylhistamine : An aralkylamino compound that is histamine bearing a methyl substituent at the 2 position on the ring.	2.66	3	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	histamine agonist; metabolite
acetylsalicylic acid lysinate acetylsalicylic acid lysinate: RN given refers to (L)-lysine, unspecified salicylate salt	5.16	11	1
8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-amp 8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-AMP: lowers cAMP in heart & fat cells; cAMP-dependent kinase inhibitor. 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the purine fragment is replaced by a 4-chlorophenylthio group.	4.35	20	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound	protein kinase agonist
2,2',4,6,6'-pentachlorobiphenyl [no description available]	2.02	1	0
nomegestrol acetate nomegestrol acetate: do not confuse with Solastic	1.99	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer	2.9	4	0	oligopeptide
triflumizol triflumizol: structure given in first source. triflumizole : A carboxamidine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 4-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline with the oxygen of the acetyl group of N-(propoxyacetyl)imidazole. A sterol demethylation inhibitor, it is used as a fungicide for the control of powdery mildew, scab and other diseases on a variety of crops.	2.05	1	0
delta-tocopherol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	tocopherol; vitamin E	food antioxidant; plant metabolite
sarsasapogenin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	sapogenin
taraxerol taraxerol: structure. taraxerol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanan-3-ol lacking the methyl group at position 14, with an alpha-methyl substituent at position 13 and a double bond between positions 14 and 15.	2.08	1	0	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	metabolite
3-hydroxybutyric acid (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid : The R-enantiomer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, it can be used as an energy source by the brain during hypoglycaemia, and for the synthesis of biodegradable plastics. It is a sex pheremone in the European spider Linyphia triangularis.	2.03	1	0	3-hydroxybutyric acid; ketone body	fungal metabolite; human metabolite; pheromone
levobupivacaine Levobupivacaine: S-enantiomer of bupivacaine that is used as a local anesthetic and for regional nerve blocks, including EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA.. levobupivacaine : The (S)-(-)-enantiomer of bupivacaine.	2.47	2	0	1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide	adrenergic antagonist; amphiphile; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; local anaesthetic
zofenopril zofenopril: structure given in first source; SQ 26900 refers to K salt & SQ 26991 to Ca salt. zofenopril : A proline derivative that is 4-(phenylsulfanyl)-L-proline in which the amine proton is replaced by a (2S)-3-(benzoylsulfanyl)-2-methylpropanoyl group. A prodrug for zofenoprilat.	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfide; L-proline derivative; N-acyl-L-amino acid; thioester	anticonvulsant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug; vasodilator agent
1,3-dipropyl-8-(2-amino-4-chlorophenyl)xanthine [no description available]	2.67	3	0
melanotan-ii melanotan-II: synthetic cyclic heptapeptide, an analog of alpha-melanotropin (4,10); capable of stimulating melanin synthesis & promoting rapid tanning of skin; currently in trials for use in the prevention of sunlight-induced skin cancer	2.25	1	0	organic molecular entity
mci 9038 [no description available]	1.99	1	0	peptide
lopinavir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amphetamines; dicarboxylic acid diamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
gamma-tocopherol gamma-Tocopherol: A natural tocopherol with less antioxidant activity than ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. As in BETA-TOCOPHEROL, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus but at different sites.. gamma-tocopherol : A tocopherol in which the chroman-6-ol core is substituted by methyl groups at positions 7 and 8. It is found particularly in maize (corn) oil and soya bean (soybean) oils.	6.32	11	1	tocopherol; vitamin E	algal metabolite; food antioxidant; plant metabolite
corynanthine Corynanthine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.	2.07	1	0	yohimban alkaloid
prunin protein, prunus prunin protein, Prunus: a legumin-like type of globulin; structure given in first source. naringenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.07	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative	antibacterial agent; antilipemic drug; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite
isopelletierine isopelletierine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; synonym pelletierine refers to (-)-isomer	2.1	1	0	citraconoyl group
podocarpic acid podocarpic acid: structure. podocarpic acid : An abietane diterpenoid lacking the isopropyl substituent with an aromatic C-ring and a hydroxy group at the 12-position.	2.07	1	0	abietane diterpenoid
glycidyl nitrate glycidyl nitrate: a nitric oxide donor; structure in first source. peptidoglycan : A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the muramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids.	4.22	17	0
cortisol 21-mesylate cortisol 21-mesylate: alkylating derivative of cortisol	1.96	1	0
isohumulone isohumulone: hop-derived compound	2.02	1	0	monoterpenoid
phenylisopropyladenosine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	aromatic amine; benzenes; hydrocarbyladenosine; purine nucleoside; secondary amino compound	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; neuroprotective agent
fenpropimorph [no description available]	2.1	1	0	alkylbenzene
levcromakalim [no description available]	2.07	1	0	1-benzopyran
pyrimidine dimers Pyrimidine Dimers: Dimers found in DNA chains damaged by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They consist of two adjacent PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES, usually THYMINE nucleotides, in which the pyrimidine residues are covalently joined by a cyclobutane ring. These dimers block DNA REPLICATION.	3.15	5	0
5,6-dihydrouridine dihydrouridine : The uridine derivative obtained by formal hydrogenation of the endocyclic double bond in the uracil ring.	1.96	1	0	uridines	biomarker
(S)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (S)-3-hydroxybutyric acid : The S-enantiomer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid; a normal human metabolite, that has been found elevated in geriatric patients remitting from depression.	2.03	1	0	3-hydroxybutyric acid
dehydroabietic acid dehydroabietic acid: major aquatic toxicant in effluent of pulp and paper mills. dehydroabietic acid : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted at position 18 by a carboxy group.. dehydroabietate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of dehydroabietic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.	1.99	1	0	abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid	allergen; metabolite
dansyl hydrazine [no description available]	1.96	1	0
1-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine 1-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine: metabolite of buspirone & gepirone	2.1	1	0
alpha-tocopherol phosphate alpha-tocopherol phosphate: RN given refers to (2R(4R,8R*))-(+-)-isomer	2.06	1	0
harmol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
5-Methoxyflavone 5-methoxyflavone: DNA polymerase-beta inhibitor and neuroprotective agent against beta-amyloid toxicity; structure in first source	2.42	2	0	ether; flavonoids
sesaminol sesaminol: structure given in first source; RN given from CAS Index Guide 1990; RN given refers to the (1S-(alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 11/90. sesaminol : A furofuran that is cis-tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by a 6-hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 1S and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 4S. It is metabolite found in sesame seeds.	1.99	1	0	benzodioxoles; furofuran; organic hydroxy compound	antioxidant; plant metabolite
glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.	4.02	13	0	D-glucuronic acid	algal metabolite
isovaline isovaline: RN given refers to parent cpd(L)-isomer	2.11	1	0
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether [no description available]	2.11	1	0	aromatic ether; organobromine compound
hydrobenzoin hydrobenzoin: structure in first source	2.07	1	0	ethanediol
2,2-dimethyl-beta-alanine [no description available]	2	1	0
4',5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone 4',5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone: structure given in first source; from plant Eupatorium odoratum. 4',5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone : A tetramethoxyflavone that is the tetra-O-methyl derivative of scutellarein.	2.08	1	0	tetramethoxyflavone	antimutagen; plant metabolite
6'-o-methylguanosine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
8-bromoadenosine [no description available]	2.02	1	0	purine nucleoside
girinimbine girinimbine: carbazole alkaloid	1.98	1	0	carbazoles	metabolite
canthin-6-one canthin-6-one: from Zanthoxylum usambarense; structure in first source. canthin-6-one : An indole alkaloid that is 6H-indolo[3,2,1-de][1,5]naphthyridine substituted by an oxo group at position 6.	2.06	1	0	enone; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antimycobacterial drug; metabolite
eupatorin eupatorin: a flavonoid from the East Asian medicinal plant Orthosiphon spicatus; prevents oxidative inactivation of 15-lipoxygenase; structure given in first source. eupatorin : A trimethoxyflavone that is 6-hydroxyluteolin in which the phenolic hydogens at positions 4', 6 and 7 have been replaced by methyl groups.	2.07	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; polyphenol; trimethoxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; Brassica napus metabolite; calcium channel blocker; P450 inhibitor; vasodilator agent
10-hydroxycamptothecin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline
5-iodotubercidin 7-iodotubercidin: inhibits Toxoplasma gondii adenosine kinase	2.02	1	0	organoiodine compound
1,3,4-oxadiazole 1,3,4-oxadiazole: structure in first source	2.66	2	0
N-Acetyl-DL-aspartic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aspartic acid derivative
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of beta-carbolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline substituted at position 3 by a carboxy group.	2.13	1	0	alpha-amino acid; aromatic amino acid; beta-carboline alkaloid	human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite; rat metabolite
cellulose sulfate cellulose sulfate: RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF; vaginal gel being developed as both a contraceptive and blockage to STD somewhat like nonoxynol-9	1.98	1	0	ether; flavonoids
diosgenin [no description available]	3.16	5	0	3beta-sterol; hexacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin; spiroketal	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite
2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-1-hydroxychroman 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-1-hydroxychroman: a Vitamin E derivative. chromanol : Any member of the class of chromanes that is chromane substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.	2.39	2	0
isobrucein b isobrucein B: structure given in first source; isolated from Cedronia granatensis	2.51	2	0	triterpenoid
n-succinimidyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate N-succinimidyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate: acylates free amino groups on proteins	1.98	1	0
saikogenin a saikogenin A: RN given refers to (3beta,4alpha,16beta)-isomer; structure	2.42	2	0
2-hydroxyisovaleric acid 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid : A valine derivative that is valine in which the amino group has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.03	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite
phorbolol myristate acetate [no description available]	3.42	7	0
syringaresinol [no description available]	2.01	1	0	aromatic ether; furofuran; lignan; polyether; polyphenol	plant metabolite
enkephalinamide-met, ala(2)- enkephalinamide-Met, Ala(2)-: synthetic enkephalin analog;	3.07	5	0
beta-hydroxyisovalerylshikonin beta-hydroxyisovalerylshikonin: structure in first source	2.1	1	0
8-chloro-cyclic adenosine monophosphate [no description available]	1.96	1	0
malabaricone c malabaricone C: from maize (Myristica fragrans); structure given in first source	2.46	2	0	butanone	metabolite
arctiin arctiin: from fruits of Arctium lappa L; RN given refers to (3R-trans)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/92	2.04	1	0	glycoside; lignan
obovatol obovatol: antineoplastic agent from Magnolis obovata; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
dicentrine dicentrine: structure given in first source; RN refers to (S)-isomer	2.17	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
corydaline [no description available]	2.07	1	0	isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
demissidine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	alkaloid; organic heteropolycyclic compound; steroid
benzyl selenocyanate benzyl selenocyanate: prevents colon carcinogenesis	1.99	1	0
tingenone tingenone: quinonoid triterpene isolated from Euonymus tingens	2.11	1	0
cinchonidine cinchonidine: has antimalarial activity; diastereoisomer of cinchonine with distinct physiochemical properties; RN given refers to parent cpd(8alpha,9R)-isomer. cinchonidine : 8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis.	2.07	1	0	(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol; cinchona alkaloid	metabolite
2'-o-methyladenosine cordysinin B : A member of the class of adenosines that is adenosine in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced by a methoxy group. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis.	1.98	1	0	adenosines; ether	fungal metabolite
hexylcaine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile: a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist or modulator. also called DPN compound. 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionitrile : A nitrile that is acetonitrile in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group while a second hydrogen is replaced by a 4-hydroxybenzyl group. It is a specific agonist for estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta).	2.08	1	0	nitrile; phenols	estrogen receptor agonist
cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.	4.81	32	0	cobalt group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group.	4.97	15	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound	metabolite
fulvestrant Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.	3.63	9	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist
uftoral UFT(R) drug: a drug containing tegafur and uracil; a biochemical modulator of 5-fluorouracil; used for postoperative chemotherapy of colon cancer; reported to cause severe liver injury; do not confuse with 1-UFT protocol	1.99	1	0
hydrogen sulfite [no description available]	2.13	1	0	sulfur oxoanion	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid: structure in first source	3.11	5	0	polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
tritium oxide [no description available]	3.45	1	1	tritiated compound; water
monocrotaline pyrrole monocrotaline pyrrole: RN given refers to (13alpha,14alpha)-isomer	2.11	1	0
1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane 1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer	2.4	2	0
ici 164384 ICI 164384: structure given in first source. ICI-164384 : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol substituted by a 11-[butyl(methyl)amino]-11-oxoundecyl group at position 7R. It is a steroidal antioestrogen that inhibits the cell proliferation of breast-carcinoma cell lines.	2.01	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; tertiary carboxamide	anti-estrogen; antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor antagonist
enkephalin, d-penicillamine (2,5)- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-: A disulfide opioid pentapeptide that selectively binds to the DELTA OPIOID RECEPTOR. It possesses antinociceptive activity.. DPDPE : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is a cyclic enkephalin analogue, having D-penicillaminyl residues located at positions 2 and 5, which form the heterocycle via a disulfide bond.	3.41	7	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide	delta-opioid receptor agonist
u 73122 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.	4.37	20	0	aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides	EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor
arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid: amino acid sequence of basic unit of widespread cellular recognition system	2.96	4	0	oligopeptide
vitamin b 6 Vitamin B 6: VITAMIN B 6 refers to several PICOLINES (especially PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; & PYRIDOXAMINE) that are efficiently converted by the body to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, and aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into PYRIDOXAMINE phosphate. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). Most of vitamin B6 is eventually degraded to PYRIDOXIC ACID and excreted in the urine.	3.48	1	1
1,4-dihydropyridine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
imipenem, anhydrous Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.	2.07	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carbapenems; zwitterion	antibacterial drug
quin2 Quin2: fluorescent highly selective Ca indicator, binding Ca 1:1; structure given in first source	2.66	3	0
sr141716 [no description available]	4.46	8	0	amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	anti-obesity agent; appetite depressant; CB1 receptor antagonist
4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butan-1-ol 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butan-1-ol: structure in first source. 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol : A member of the class of nitrosamines that is butan-1-ol substituted by a pyridin-3-yl group at position 1 and by a methyl(nitroso)amino group at position 4. It is a major metabolite of nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), which is a carcinogen found in tobacco and responsible for inducing lung cancer in smokers.	2.01	1	0	nitrosamine; pyridines; secondary alcohol	biomarker; carcinogenic agent; human urinary metabolite
s-nitrosoglutathione [no description available]	2.93	4	0	glutathione derivative; nitrosothio compound	bronchodilator agent; nitric oxide donor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; signalling molecule
bosentan anhydrous Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.	4.51	5	1	primary alcohol; pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
bicuculline methiodide [no description available]	2.04	1	0
cp-55,940 [no description available]	4.43	6	0
u 74006f tirilazad: a lazaroid; potent inhibitor of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation; has shown excellent activity in in vivo models of experimental central nervous system trauma & ischemia; structure given in first source; tradename Freedox	1.97	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
diacetyldichlorofluorescein diacetyldichlorofluorescein: stable storage form of dichlorofluorescein	2.42	2	0
u 74389f U 74389F: a 21-aminosteroid antioxidant (lazaroids); inhibitor of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation; structure in first source	2.68	3	0
cp 96345 CP 96345: structure given in first source; potent nonpeptide antagonist of the substance P (NK1) receptor; CP 96344 is enantiomer of CP 96345	1.99	1	0
1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1h-imidazole 1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole: inhibits platelet aggregation & Ca2+ entry into platelets. SKF-96365 free base : An ether that is 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been substituted by a 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl group.	3.1	5	0	ether; imidazoles; monomethoxybenzene	TRP channel blocker
sr 48968 SR 48968: structure given in first source; neurokinin A antagonist; tachykinin receptor antagonist; SR 48965 is the inactive R-enantiomer of SR 48968	2.41	2	0
fluo-3 Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds	3.1	5	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
propidium iodide [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic iodide salt
fpl 55712 FPL 55712: inhibitor of SRS-A and LTC4 and LTD4 receptors	4.05	15	0	aromatic ketone
paxilline paxilline: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4bbeta,6aalpha,12bbeta,12calpha,14abeta))-isomer. paxilline : An indole diterpene alkaloid with formula C27H33NO4 isolated from Penicillium paxilli. It is a potent inhibitor of large conductance Ca2(+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK)-type channels.	3.31	6	0	diterpene alkaloid; enone; organic heterohexacyclic compound; terpenoid indole alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	anticonvulsant; Aspergillus metabolite; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; genotoxin; geroprotector; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; potassium channel blocker
prolinedithiocarbamate prolinedithiocarbamate: do not confuse with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate which is also abbreviated PDTC	4.17	16	0
fructose 2,6-diphosphate fructose 2,6-diphosphate: phosphofructokinase activator synthesized via Mg-ATP & fructose-6-P. beta-D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.	1.97	1	0	D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
selenomethionine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; selenomethionine	plant metabolite
artesunic acid [no description available]	3.37	6	0
cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N).	2.39	2	0
bradykinin, des-arg(9)- bradykinin, des-Arg(9)-: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.69	10	0	oligopeptide	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist
indo-1 indo-1: structure given in first source	2.69	3	0	indoles	fluorochrome
pyridinoline pyridinoline: 3-hydroxypyridinium derivative collagen crosslink; structure	2.41	2	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
pregnenolone sulfate pregnenolone sulfate: RN given refers to (3 beta)-isomer	1.96	1	0	steroid sulfate	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; human metabolite
fura-2-am fura-2-am: pentaester precursor of fura-2	3.1	5	0
quin2-acetoxymethyl ester Quin2-acetoxymethyl ester: structure given in first source	2.88	4	0
indobufen indobufen: thromboxane A2 antagonist	2.4	2	0	isoindoles
fluorocitrate fluorocitrate: competitve inhibitor of aconitase; effects morphology of kidney tubules in fluorocitrate poisoning; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.04	1	0	carbonyl compound
s-ethyl glutathione [no description available]	1.98	1	0	oligopeptide
3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate: a surfactant; structure given in first source	3.07	5	0	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate
cv 3988 CV 3988: platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source	3.68	10	0
7,7-diphenyl-2-(1-imino-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)perhydroisoindol-4-one 7,7-diphenyl-2-(1-imino-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)perhydroisoindol-4-one: structure given in first source; RP 68651 is the inactive (3aS,7aS)-isomer; substance P antagonist	2.91	4	0
l-lactic acid (S)-lactic acid : An optically active form of lactic acid having (S)-configuration.	2.1	1	0	(2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; 2-hydroxypropanoic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
bremazocine bremazocine: potent, log-acting opiate kappa-agonist & centrally acting analgesic; RN given refers to (2R)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.96	1	0
cgp 35348 CGP 35348: antagonizes both GABA-A and GABA-B receptors	2	1	0
sivelestat sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source	2.47	2	0	N-acylglycine; pivalate ester
22-hydroxycholesterol [no description available]	2.4	2	0	cholanoid
propionylcarnitine propionylcarnitine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0	O-acylcarnitine	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cardiotonic drug; human metabolite; peripheral nervous system drug
amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination: amiloride hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide drug combination.	3.35	1	1
cv 6209 CV 6209: platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source	3.09	5	0
inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate: for cpd without numerical locants of phosphate groups, index INOSITOL PHOSPHATES. 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate : A myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate having the four phosphates placed in the 1-, 3-, 4- and 5-positions.	1.97	1	0	inositol phosphate
methoctramine methoctramine: structure given in first source. methoctramine : A tetramine that is N,N'-bis(6-aminohexyl)octane-1,8-diamine where the primary amino groups both carry 2-methoxybenzyl substituents.. methoctramine tetrahydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining methoctramine with four molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid.	1.99	1	0	hydrochloride	muscarinic antagonist
arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine: corresponds to cell attachment site of fibronectin; located near carboxyl-terminal region of alpha-chain of fibrinogen; inhibits platelet aggregation & fibrinogen binding to activated platelets	2.02	1	0
1,1-dimethylheptyl-11-hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol HU 211: structure given in first source; HU 211 is active & HU 210 is inactive as canibinoids; functional N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blocker; RN given is for (6aS-trans)-isomer	3.4	7	0
saikosaponin d [no description available]	2.67	3	0
perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline	3.8	2	1	alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
fr 139317 FR 139317: endothelin receptor A antagonist; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
l-pyroglutamyl-l-histidyl-3,3-dimethylprolinamide [no description available]	2.9	4	0
tryptoline tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.07	1	0	beta-carbolines
enkephalin, ser(2), leu(5), thr(6)- enkephalin, Ser(2), Leu(5), Thr(6)-: specific probe for the delta-opiate receptor subtype in brain membranes	2	1	0	oligopeptide
geniposide [no description available]	2.8	3	0	terpene glycoside
phorbol-12-myristate [no description available]	2.21	1	0
procyanidin Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.	4.5	22	0	proanthocyanidin
sr 95531 [no description available]	2.73	3	0	methoxybenzenes
epicatechin gallate epicatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor; RN given refers to the (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source; isolated from green tea. (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of epicatechin. A natural product found in Parapiptadenia rigida.	2	1	0	catechin; gallate ester; polyphenol	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite
deguelin deguelin: a natural product from Mundulea sericea; RN refers to (7aS-cis)-isomer; structure given in first source. deguelin : A rotenone that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10, and by two methyl groups at position 3 (the 7aS,13aS-stereoisomer). It exists in abundant quantities in the bark, roots, and leaves of the Leguminosae family of plants and reported to exert anti-tumour effects in various cancers.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; diether; organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; plant metabolite
1,9-dideoxyforskolin [no description available]	1.98	1	0	acetate ester; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound	plant metabolite
catechin (+)-catechin monohydrate : The monohydrate of (+)-catechin.	2.07	1	0	hydrate	geroprotector
fingolimod hydrochloride Fingolimod Hydrochloride: A sphingosine-derivative and IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT that blocks the migration and homing of LYMPHOCYTES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM through its action on SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS.. fingolimod hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl) ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (fingolimod).	2.48	2	0	hydrochloride	immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
fingolimod fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.	2.05	1	0	aminodiol; primary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; CB1 receptor antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
daidzin daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic).	2.07	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; hydroxyisoflavone; monosaccharide derivative	plant metabolite
n(g)-iminoethylornithine [no description available]	2.92	4	0	L-alpha-amino acid
triptolide [no description available]	5.84	11	0	diterpenoid; epoxide; gamma-lactam; organic heteroheptacyclic compound	antispermatogenic agent; plant metabolite
3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-n-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamide 3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamide: a dopamine receptor imaging agent; RN refers to (S)-isomer; RN & structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
cobaltiprotoporphyrin cobaltiprotoporphyrin: RN given refers to cobalt protoporphyrin IX	2.75	3	0
n-chlorotaurine N-chlorotaurine: inhibits both inducible nitric oxide synthase and IkappaB kinase	3.25	6	0
sri 63-441 SRI 63-441: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist	2.66	3	0
cafestol [no description available]	2.47	2	0	diterpenoid; furans; organic heteropentacyclic compound; primary alcohol; tertiary alcohol	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
asiaticoside [no description available]	2.74	3	0
proanthocyanidin proanthocyanidin: RN given refers to proanthocyanidin A; Cannabinoid Receptor CB1 antagonist. proanthocyanidin : A flavonoid oligomer obtained by the the condensation of two or more units of hydroxyflavans.	2.71	3	0
parthenolide [no description available]	3.3	6	0	germacranolide
rx 821002 2-methoxyidazoxan: 2-methoxy analog of idazoxan. 2-methoxyidazoxan : A benzodioxine that is idazoxan substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group.	2.05	1	0	benzodioxine; cyclic ketal; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
sphondin sphondin: from Heracleum laciniatum; cause of phototoxicity in patient with vitiligo	2.01	1	0	furanocoumarin
entonox Entonox: combination drug containing premixed 50% nitrous oxide (dinitrogen oxide) & 50% oxygen	3.06	1	0
schizandrin b schizandrin B: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent with anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from Schisandra plant	2.07	1	0
sch 28080 Sch 28080: not related structurally to other known anti-ulcer agents; inhibits histamine-stimulated gastric secretion; prevents gastric lesions induced by aspirin, indomethacin & ethanol	2.37	2	0	imidazopyridine
pentacaine pentacaine: pentacaine is the (trans-(+-))-isomer; structure in first source	1.99	1	0
carboxyamido-triazole carboxyamido-triazole: structure given in first source; coccidiostat; U.S. patent No. 4,590,201	2.02	1	0
ecteinascidin 743 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; azaspiro compound; bridged compound; hemiaminal; isoquinoline alkaloid; lactone; organic heteropolycyclic compound; organic sulfide; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; marine metabolite
kt 5823 KT 5823: indolocarbazole; activates human neutrophils & fails to inhibit cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of vimentin. KT 5823 : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of methyl (3R)-3-methoxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (the 2S,3R,5R product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1-methyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.	2.93	4	0	gamma-lactam; hemiaminal; indolocarbazole; methyl ester; organic heterooctacyclic compound	EC 2.7.11.12 (cGMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.	14.35	272	5	2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent
sr 140333 SR 140333: SR-140603 is the (R)-antipode of SR-140333; a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist	3.1	5	0
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	3.99	14	0
tadalafil [no description available]	2.31	1	0	benzodioxoles; pyrazinopyridoindole	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone: lignan isolated from urine of humans & other mammals; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in second source	2.52	2	0	lignan
diclofenac hydroxyethylpyrrolidine [no description available]	3.47	1	1	organic salt
6-phenylhexyl isothiocyanate [no description available]	1.98	1	0
indolo(3,2-b)carbazole indolo(3,2-b)carbazole: potent inducer of cytochrome P-4501A1-dependent monooxygenase	2.01	1	0
3',4'-dichlorobenzamil 3',4'-dichlorobenzamil: inhibits Na-Ca exchange in membrane vesicle & papillary muscle preparations from guinea pig heart	1.97	1	0	guanidines; pyrazines
homoorientin homoorientin: isolated from Swertia japonica; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	flavone C-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; radical scavenger
kahweol [no description available]	2.75	3	0	diterpenoid; furans; organic heteropentacyclic compound; primary alcohol; tertiary alcohol	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
florfenicol florfenicol: structure given in first source. florfenicol : A carboxamide that is the N-dichloroacetyl derivative of (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methanesulfonyl)phenyl]propan-1-ol. A synthetic veterinary antibiotic that is used for treatment of bovine respiratory disease and foot rot; also used in aquaculture.	2.06	1	0	organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary alcohol; secondary carboxamide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent
liquiritigenin liquiritigenin: structure given in first source; isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium. 4',7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7.. liquiritigenin : A dihydroxyflavanone compound having the two hydroxy substituents at the 4'- and 7-positions. Isolated from the root of Glycyrrhizae uralensis, it is a selective agonist for oestrogen receptor beta.	2.21	1	0	4',7-dihydroxyflavanone	hormone agonist; plant metabolite
oxymatrine oxysophoridine: an alkaloid isolated from Sophra alope; structure in first source	2.54	2	0	alkaloid; tertiary amine oxide
16-hydroxyestrone 16-hydroxyestrone: has implications in estrogen physiology & pathophysiology; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3670	2.11	1	0
ibuprofen, (r)-isomer [no description available]	2.1	1	0	ibuprofen
thromboxanes thromboxane : A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels.	13.37	178	1
pd 123177 PD 123177: nonpeptide angiotensin AII-2 inhibitor	2.39	2	0	diarylmethane
opc 21268 OPC 21268: structure given in first source; vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist	1.98	1	0
tanshinone tanshinone: from root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; RN given refers to tanshinone I; cardioprotective agent and neuroprotective agent	2.44	2	0	abietane diterpenoid	anticoronaviral agent
1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane 1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane: structure given in first source; alkylthio acetic acid, non-beta-oxidizable	2.04	1	0	straight-chain fatty acid
benzoylphenylalanyl-alanyl-proline benzoylphenylalanyl-alanyl-proline: synthetic angiotensin converting enzyme substrate	1.97	1	0
sc 41930 SC 41930: leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.68	3	0
quadazocine quadazocine: RN given refers to (2 alpha,6 alpha,11S*)-(+-)-isomer	2.39	2	0
way 100135 WAY 100135: a selective antagonist at presynaptic & postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors; structure given in first source	2.06	1	0	piperazines
fe(ii)-edta Fe(II)-EDTA: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	0	iron coordination entity
phenylalanyl-prolyl-arginine-chloromethyl ketone phenylalanyl-prolyl-arginine-chloromethyl ketone: do not confuse with Pro-Phe-Arg-CH2-Cl or with Phe-Phe-Arg-CH2-Cl, both sometimes also referred to as PPACK	2	1	0
3'-o-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate: purinergic receptors agonist; structure given in first source	2.71	3	0	purine ribonucleoside triphosphate
2,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran 2,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran: orally active & competitive receptor antagonist of platelet activating factor; structure given in first source	2.9	4	0
sc 58125 1-((4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)pyrazole: a COX-2 inhibitor	6.35	27	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfone	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
taraxasterol taraxasterol: from Cirsium segetum. taraxasterol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is taraxastane with a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.	3.02	4	0	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; metabolite
15-hydroxyeicosanoic acid 15-hydroxyeicosanoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.02	1	0	long-chain fatty acid
4-bromo-a-23187 4-bromo-A-23187: ionophore with enhanced calcium ion transport specificity	1.97	1	0
morphiceptin, n-me-phe(3)- morphiceptin, N-Me-Phe(3)-: RN given refers to D-prolinamide, all L-isomer	2.38	2	0
glycyl-arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-seryl-proline glycyl-arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-seryl-proline: can duplicate the binding activity of fibronectin vitronectin; RN given refers to ALL-L isomer	2.04	1	0
nitisinone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; cyclohexanones; mesotrione	EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
4'-hydroxydiclofenac 4'-hydroxydiclofenac: metabolite of diclofenac; structure in first source. 4'-hydroxydiclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 4'-hydroxylated metabolite of diclofenac.	1.99	1	0	dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; secondary amino compound	allergen; drug metabolite
cubebin cubebin: structure in first source. (-)-cubebin : A lignan that consists of tetrahydrofuran-2-ol substituted by two 1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively (the 2S,3R,4R stereoisomer). It is isolated from the leaves of Piper nigrum and exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and trypanocidal activities.	2.15	1	0	benzodioxoles; cyclic acetal; lactol; lignan; secondary alcohol	analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; antimicrobial agent; histamine antagonist; plant metabolite; trypanocidal drug
bw 373u86 BW 373U86: a nonpeptidic delta opioid receptor agonist	2.4	2	0	diarylmethane
marimastat marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.	2.05	1	0	hydroxamic acid; secondary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
nitroaspirin nitroaspirin: a nitric oxide donor	3.73	10	0	carbonyl compound
asiatic acid [no description available]	2.77	3	0	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triol	angiogenesis modulating agent; metabolite
1'-acetoxychavicol acetate 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate: antifungal component of Alpinia galanga; structure given in first source. 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate : An acetate ester that is chavicol acetate substituted by an acetoxy group at position 1'.	3.13	1	0	acetate ester; phenylpropanoid	antineoplastic agent; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite
lithospermate b lithospermate B: major biologically active component of dan shen ; improves renal failure	2.39	2	0
clofarabine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	adenosines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
sr 48692 SR 48692: structure in first source; a neurotensin receptor-1 antagonist	1.99	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
benzylpenicilloyl g benzylpenicilloyl G: lactam ring opened so inactive; do not confuse with benzylpenicilloyl V	1.96	1	0
astilbin astilbin: dihydroflavonol from Kohki tea processed from Engelhardtia chrysolepis (huang-qui); astilbin is the (2R-trans)-isomer; neoisoastilbin is the (2S-cis)-isomer and is Sweetening Agents; isoastilbin is the (2R-cis)-isomer; structure in first source;. astilbin : A flavanone glycoside that is (+)-taxifolin substituted by a alpha-L-rhamnosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.74	3	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; alpha-L-rhamnoside; flavanone glycoside; monosaccharide derivative; tetrahydroxyflavanone	anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
2-aminomethyl-4-t-butyl-6-iodophenol 2-aminomethyl-4-t-butyl-6-iodophenol: has gastric antisecretory activity; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0
cucurbitacins [no description available]	2.03	1	0	11-oxo steroid
bw 245c BW 245C: a selective DP receptor agonist. BW 245C : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,4S)- and (3S,4R)-BW 245C. A hydantoin-based prostglandin analogue.. 7-[3-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]heptanoic acid : A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is 7-(2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)heptanoic acid in which the imidazoline ring as substituted at position 3 by a 3-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl) group.	4.2	17	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol
ginsenoside rh2 ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.	2.58	2	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
arg-3-hyp-7-phe-bradykinin NPC 567: bradykinin receptor antagonist. NPC-567 : A ten-membered oligopeptide comprising D-arginyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, (4R)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl, glycyl, L-phenylalanyl, L-seryl, D-phenylalanyl, L-phenylalanyl and L-arginine residues joined in sequence.	2.96	4	0	oligopeptide	bradykinin receptor antagonist
foropafant Foropafant: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist	1.99	1	0
mozavaptan mozavaptan: aquaretic agent; vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	4.63	3	2	benzamides	aquaretic
nitroflurbiprofen nitroflurbiprofen: a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. nitroflurbiprofen : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of flurbiprofen with the free hydroxy group of 4-(nitrooxy)butanol. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent showing inhibitory effects against the cyclooxygenases COX1 and COX2.	2.7	3	0	biphenyls; carboxylic ester; nitrate ester; organofluorine compound	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; vasodilator agent
caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.	2.89	4	0	fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
campestanol ergostanol: structure	2.21	1	0	3beta-sterol; C28-steroid
rhein-9-anthrone rhein-9-anthrone: metabolite of sennosides A+B formed in the colon; structure given in first source	3.08	5	0	anthracenes
4-methoxyindole-3-acetonitrile 4-methoxyindole-3-acetonitrile: precursor of mutagens in Chinese cabbage	2.48	2	0
ah 6809 6-isopropoxy-9-oxoxanthene-2-carboxylic acid: structure given in UD	9.09	116	1	xanthones
muramylnac-ala-isogln-lys-tripeptide muramylNAc-Ala-isoGln-Lys-tripeptide: Ala-Ala dipeptide is added to this tripeptide by MurF synthetase to make the peptidoglycan pentapeptide; often called muramyl tripeptide but that term is ambiguous, confused with other tripeptides of muramic acid; the phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate is sometimes used	2	1	0
argipressin, deaminopenicillamine(1)-o-methyl-tyr(2)- argipressin, deaminopenicillamine(1)-O-methyl-Tyr(2)-: vasopressin antagonist; RN refers to (L-Tyr-L-Arg)-isomer	1.98	1	0
3-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)-1-indoleoctanoic acid [no description available]	2.66	3	0
ru 39411 RU 39411: inhibits tamoxifen-stimulated growth of an MCF-7 tumor variant; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
deramciclane deramciclane: structure in first source; RN refers to (exo-EGYT 3886)-isomer	2.1	1	0
dt 5461 DT 5461: structure given in first source; DT-5461a is the monomeglumine salt	2.39	2	0
4-(acetoxymethylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone 4-(acetoxymethylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone: structure given in first source; a pyridyloxobutylating agent used for altering DNA	2.02	1	0
valdecoxib [no description available]	4.7	6	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
parecoxib parecoxib: structure in first source. parecoxib : An N-acylsulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of valdecoxib with propionic acid. It is a prodrug for valdecoxib.	6.03	14	2	isoxazoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
angustmycin a angustmycin A: structure; from Streptomyces hygroscopicus; inhibits GMP synthesis	2.07	1	0	6-aminopurines
razadyne Razadyne: Name of the FDA approved preparation from J&J.	2.07	1	0
a 63162 N-hydroxy-N-(1-(4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl)ethyl)-acetamide: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
zd 7114 [no description available]	1.98	1	0
mitiglinide mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
fpl-52694 FPL-52694: mast cell stabilizer; RN given refers to parent cpd; FPL-52694 is mono-Na salt; structure given in first source	2.41	2	0
sm 1213 amiprilose: immunopotentiator	2.66	3	0
bw a868c BW A868C: a selective DP receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	3.87	12	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
ly 255283 LY 255283: structure given in UD; leukotriene B4 antagonist	1.98	1	0	aromatic ketone
formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine methyl ester [no description available]	1.97	1	0	peptide
soyasaponin bb soyasaponin Bb: has activity against polycystic kidney disease; isolated from soybean; structure in first source. soyasaponin I : A triterpenoid saponin that is composed of soyasapogenol B having an alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid moiety attached at the 3-position via a glycosidic linkage.	2.1	1	0	carbohydrate acid derivative; pentacyclic triterpenoid; trisaccharide derivative; triterpenoid saponin	sialyltransferase inhibitor
pn 202-791 PN 202-791: (+)-isomer is calcium channel agonist; (-)-isomer is calcium channel blocker; RN given refers to (S)-isomer	1.97	1	0	benzoxadiazole; isopropyl ester
phytosphingosine phytosphingosine: differ with an additional hydroxyl at C-4 & no double bond between C-4 & C-5	2.07	1	0	amino alcohol; sphingoid; triol	mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ym 022 YM 022: a potent and selective gastrin/cholecystokinin-B receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
kadsurenone kadsurenone: platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist from Chinese herbal plant, haifenteng; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2s-(2alpha,3beta,3aalpha))-isomer	2.37	2	0	benzofurans
luzindole luzindole: melatonin receptor antagonist; structure given in first source. luzindole : A member of the class of indoles that is tryptamine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by an acetyl group while the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a benzyl group.	2.95	4	0	acetamides; indoles	melatonin receptor antagonist
2-(n,n-dipropyl)amino-5,6-dihydroxytetralin 2-(N,N-dipropyl)amino-5,6-dihydroxytetralin: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0
l 651392 4-bromo-2,7-dimethoxy-3H-phenothiazin-3-one: structure given in first source	2.67	3	0
tryptophan methyl ester tryptophan methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd(DL)-isomer	2.21	1	0
kallidin, des-arg(10)- kallidin, des-Arg(10)-: includes both L and D isomers of Phe(8)	2.94	4	0
vasotocin, 1-(beta-mercapto-(beta, beta-cyclopentamethylene)propionic acid)-tyr(om3)(2)-orn(8)- [no description available]	1.99	1	0
florox reagent Florox Reagent: reagent for analysis of ketosteroids; structure	1.99	1	0
1-((beta-mercapto-beta)beta cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid)-2-(o-ethyl-tyr)-4-val-9-des-gly-arginine vasopressin 1-((beta-mercapto-beta)beta cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid)-2-(O-ethyl-Tyr)-4-Val-9-des-Gly-arginine vasopressin: vasopressin receptor antagonist; RN given refers to (D-Tyr)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89	1.97	1	0
a 68930 A 68930: D-1 dopamine receptor agonist	2.05	1	0	2-benzopyran
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate [no description available]	2.07	1	0
astragaloside a [no description available]	2.13	1	0
celastrol [no description available]	3.31	6	0	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; metabolite
procyanidin b2 procyanidin B2 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of two molecules of (-)-epicatechin joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' in a beta-configuration. Procyanidin B2 can be found in Cinchona pubescens (Chinchona, in the rind, bark and cortex), in Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon, in the rind, bark and cortex), in Crataegus monogyna (Common hawthorn, in the flower and blossom), in Uncaria guianensis (Cat's claw, in the root), in Vitis vinifera (Common grape vine, in the leaf), in Litchi chinensis (litchi, in the pericarp), in the apple, in Ecdysanthera utilis and in red wine.	2.53	2	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavan; polyphenol; proanthocyanidin	antioxidant; metabolite
4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin: structure in first source. 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is the 9- epimer of 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin.	2.07	1	0	furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound; phenols	antineoplastic agent
dehydroacetic acid [no description available]	1.97	1	0	ketone; pyran-2,4-dione	antibacterial agent; fungicide; plasticiser
1-adamantaneacetic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).	5.06	13	0	nitrogen oxoacid
fullerene c60 Fullerenes: A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.. fullerene : A compound composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with twelve five-membered rings and the rest six-membered rings. The term has been broadened to include any closed cage structure consisting entirely of three-coordinate carbon atoms.	2.55	2	0	fullerene	geroprotector
imatinib mesylate imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.	3.16	5	0	methanesulfonate salt	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
mk 0663 [no description available]	6.85	17	4	bipyridines; organochlorine compound; sulfone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gefitinib [no description available]	3.67	9	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
13-azaprostanoic acid 13-azaprostanoic acid: RN given refers to (1S-trans)-isomer	1.96	1	0
n-(n-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine N-(N-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine: inhibits calcium-activated neutral protease; see also record for E-64; RN given refers to (2-S-(2alpha,3beta)(R*)-isomer)	2.42	2	0	leucine derivative
5'-deoxy-5'-s-isobutylthioadenosine 5'-deoxy-5'-S-isobutylthioadenosine: considered an analog of S-adenosylhomocysteine; structure	1.99	1	0
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.	3.33	6	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organoiodine compound	adenosine A3 receptor agonist
1-(1-(2-benzo(b)thienyl)cyclohexyl)piperidine 1-(1-(2-benzo(b)thienyl)cyclohexyl)piperidine: structure given in first source. 1-[1-(1-benzothiophen-2-yl)cyclohexyl]piperidine : A tertiary amino compound that consists of cyclohexane having piperidin-1-yl and benzothiophen-2-yl groups attached at position 1. A potent dopamine re-uptake inhibitor with a behavioral profile different from that of phencyclidine (PCP) and similar to that of cocaine.	3.19	5	0	1-benzothiophenes; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	dopamine uptake inhibitor
(3,4-dihydroxyphenylamino)-2-imidazoline (3,4-dihydroxyphenylamino)-2-imidazoline: potent agonist at dopamine receptors mediating neuronal inhibition; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in UD indicates phenyl-imino group	2.02	1	0
bay x 1005 2-(4-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)phenyl)-2-cyclopentylacetic acid: inhibits synthesis of leukotriene B4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; inhibits five-lipoxygenase activating protein(FLAP)and leukotriene A4 hydrolase(LTA4H); structure given in first source;	2.41	2	0
2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol: lignan isolated from urine of humans & other mammals	2.11	1	0	lignan
phosphocitrate phosphocitrate: potent inhibitor of hydroxylapatite crystal growth in medium supersaturated with respect to Ca(2+) & phosphate	2.01	1	0
substance p, methyl ester- substance P, methyl ester-: COOH-terminal amide of substance P replaced with methyl ester	1.97	1	0
galactosyl-(1-3)galactose galactosyl-(1-3)galactose: RN given refers to (alpha-D)-isomer	2	1	0	O-acyl carbohydrate
ru-28362 11,17-dihydroxy-6-methyl-17-(1-propynyl)androsta-1,4,6-triene-3-one: glucocorticoid receptor agonist; RN given refers to (11beta,17beta)-isomer	1.98	1	0
cgp 42112a CGP 42112A: a hexapeptide analog of angiotensin II; activation of Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 results in vasodilation. CGP-42112A : A hexapeptide consisting of L-tyrosine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-proline and L-isoleucine amino acid residues coupled in sequence and in which the amino group of the L-tyrosyl residue is substituted by a (pyridin-3-ylcarbonyl)nitrilo group and in which the L-lysyl side chain amino group is substituted by a {N(2)-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-L-arginyl}nitrilo group. It is a potent angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2 receptor) agonist.	3.38	7	0	benzyl ester; oligopeptide; pyridinecarboxamide	angiotensin receptor agonist; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; neuroprotective agent; vasodilator agent
angiotensin ii, des-phe(8)- Ile(5)-angiotensin II (1-7) : An angiotensin compound consisting of the linear heptapeptide sequence L-Asp-L-Arg-L-Val-L-Tyr-L-Ile-L-His-L-Pro.	3.41	7	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin	vasodilator agent
glycyl-arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine glycyl-arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine: synthetic peptide from fibronectins; inhibits experimental metastasis of murine melanoma cells	2.03	1	0
3-iodopindolol 3-iodopindolol: RN given refers to 125I-labeled cpd(-)-isomer; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
citrate phosphate dextrose citrate phosphate dextrose: anticoagulant used in blood preservation	1.96	1	0
polytrimethylene carbonate trimethylene carbonate: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
cyclic adp-ribose Cyclic ADP-Ribose: A pyridine nucleotide that mobilizes CALCIUM. It is synthesized from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by ADP RIBOSE CYCLASE.	2.04	1	0	cyclic purine nucleotide; nucleotide-sugar	metabolite; ryanodine receptor agonist
3-tyr-octreotide 3-Tyr-octreotide: cyclic octapeptide analog of somatostatin; potent somatostatin agonist; RN given refers to (R-(R,R))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/90	1.99	1	0
interleukin-1beta (163-171) interleukin-1beta (163-171): nonapeptide which has in vivo immunostimulating activity	3.62	9	0
ramatroban [no description available]	2.93	4	0	organic molecular entity
sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate: structure given on p.19451 of first source. sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate : A crown compound that is 1,4,10-trioxa-7,13-diazacyclopentadecane in which the hydrogens of the amino groups at position 7 and 13 are replaced by 2-(2,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-5-methoxy-1-benzofuran-6-yl groups. It is a cell-impermeant fluorescent sodium indicator.	2	1	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ether; crown compound; tetracarboxylic acid	fluorochrome
bradykinin, leu(8)-des-arg(9)- bradykinin, Leu(8)-des-Arg(9)-: RN given refers to (L)-isomer	3.38	7	0
1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone 1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone: structure given in first source. 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one : A differentiation-inducing factor that is hexaphenone bearing two chloro substituents at positions 3 and 5, two hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 6 as well as a single methoxy substituent at position 4. A secreted, chlorinated molecule that controls cell fate during development of Dictyostelium cells.	2.15	1	0	dichlorobenzene; differentiation-inducing factor; monomethoxybenzene; resorcinols	eukaryotic metabolite; signalling molecule
rmi 12330a RMI 12330A: adenyl cyclase inhibitor in rat liver; RN given refers to (cis)-isomer; NM refers to HCl, (cis)-isomer; structure	2.91	4	0
1,9-dimethylmethylene blue 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue: RN refers to chloride	2.71	3	0
bq 610 BQ 610: endothelin A receptor antagonist; endothelin-1 antagonist	2.69	3	0
lipid x lipid X: monosaccharide precursor of E coli lipid A; structure given in first source; see also lipid A precursors, Salmonella. lipid X : An N-acyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate where the N-acyl group is (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl and carrying an additional (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl group at the 3-position.	2.37	2	0	N-acyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite
glycylglutamine glycylglutamine: inhibitory neuropeptide derived from beta-endorphin; RN given refers to (L)-isomer	2	1	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide	metabolite; protective agent
4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-n,n-diethylbenzamide 4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-N,N-diethylbenzamide: a highly-selective, nonpeptide delta opioid receptor agonist; structure given in first source	3.63	3	0	diarylmethane
alanylglutamine alanylglutamine: RN refers to (L-Glu)-isomer; dipeptiven is for parenteral use. Ala-Gln : A dipeptide formed from L-alanyl and L-glutamine residues.	2.43	2	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide	metabolite
6-methoxy-n-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium 6-methoxy-N-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
neurokinin a (4-10), beta-ala(8)- neurokinin A (4-10), beta-Ala(8)-: selective NK-2 tachykinin receptor	2.39	2	0
pd 145065 PD 145065: a non-selective endothelin(A)/endothelin(B) antagonist	1.98	1	0
b 4162 B 4162: bradykinin inhibitor	2.38	2	0
zd 7288 ICI D2788: a sinoatrial node modulator; may be of use in treatment of ischaemic heart disease by increasing heart rate without impairing cardiac function	2.76	3	0
e 64 E 64: cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)	2.07	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoamide; epoxy monocarboxylic acid; guanidines; L-leucine derivative; zwitterion	antimalarial; antiparasitic agent; protease inhibitor
substance p (5-11), pglu(5)-mephe(8)-megly(9)- [no description available]	2.39	2	0
neurokinin a(4-10), tyr(5)-trp(6,8,9)-lys(10)- neurokinin A(4-10), Tyr(5)-Trp(6,8,9)-Lys(10)-: tachykinin receptor antagonist	1.99	1	0
gr 65630 GR 65630: serotonin receptor ligand. GR 65630 : A member of the class of methylindoles that is 1-methylindole substituted at position 3 by a 3-(4-methylimidazol-5-yl)propanoyl group.	1.98	1	0
cp 93129 3-(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-4-yl)pyrrolo(3,2-b)pyrid-5-one: serotonin agonist; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0	pyrrolopyridine
proanthocyanidin a2 procyanidin A2: structure in first source. proanthocyanidin A2 : A proanthocyanidin obtained by the condensation of (-)-epicatechin units.	2.25	1	0	hydroxyflavan; proanthocyanidin	angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-HIV agent; antioxidant; metabolite
fraxinellone fraxinellone: structure given in first source; RN given for (3R-cis)-isomer	2.05	1	0	2-benzofurans
glabridin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	hydroxyisoflavans	antiplasmodial drug
rubimaillin rubimaillin: structure given in first source. rubimaillin : A benzochromene that is 2H-benzo[h]chromene which is substituted by two methyl groups at position 2, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5, and a hydroxy group at position 6. Found in the Chinese medical plant Rubia cordifola, It has an anti-cancer effect by inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation. It is also a dual inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 and 2 (ACAT1 and ACAT2), but is more selective for the ACAT2 isozyme.	2.25	1	0	benzochromene; methyl ester; phenols	acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; neuroprotective agent; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite
iguratimod iguratimod: an immunosuppressive agent	2.39	2	0	organic molecular entity
n-benzoylphenylalanylphenylalinol acetate N-benzoylphenylalanylphenylalinol acetate: metabolite of Aspergillus glaucus	2.51	2	0	amphetamines
n-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)benzamide [no description available]	1.98	1	0
1-o-hexadecyl-2-n-methylcarbamol -sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine 1-O-hexadecyl-2-N-methylcarbamol -sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine: PAF analog found in rabbit cornea; induces collagenase expression in corneal epithelial cells	2.03	1	0
6-o-stearoyl-n-acetylmuramyl-alanylisoglutamine [no description available]	1.96	1	0
glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate: do not confuse with phosphatidylinositols which have fatty acids esterified at the C-1 and C-2 hydroxyl groups of glycerol	3.38	7	0
dibutyryl cyclic-3',5'-cytidine monophosphate [no description available]	2.44	2	0
s-propylcysteine S-propylcysteine: RN given refers to (DL-Cys)-isomer	2.07	1	0	cysteine derivative; organic sulfide
n-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethyl-3-quinolyl)-n'-(2,4-difluorophenyl)urea N-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethyl-3-quinolyl)-N'-(2,4-difluorophenyl)urea: an acyl-CoA:cholesterol aceyltransferase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
t-butyloxycarbonyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [no description available]	2	1	0
butyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanine butyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanine: formyl peptide antagonist and lipoxin A4 receptor antagonist	2.45	2	0
msh (11-13) MSH (11-13): RN refers to (all-L)-isomer	1.99	1	0	oligopeptide
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethene 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethene: inhibits tubulin polymerization; RN & structure given in first source	2.02	1	0
ectoine [no description available]	2.52	2	0	1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines; carboxamidine; monocarboxylic acid; zwitterion	osmolyte
pre 084 2-(4-morpholino)ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate: structure given in first source	2.08	1	0	morpholines
amthamine amthamine: histamine H2 receptor agonist; structure & RN given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.02	1	0	thiazoles
methotrexate [no description available]	9.62	44	4	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
ono 3307 ONO 3307: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.38	2	0
reboxetine Reboxetine: A morpholine derivative that is a selective and potent noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor; it is used in the treatment of DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.	6.96	4	3	aromatic ether
ph cl 28a Ph CL 28A: 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitor; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
cgp 361a isamoltane: structure given in first source	2.11	1	0
pseudomonas aeruginosa autoinducer Pseudomonas aeruginosa autoinducer: autoinducer required for expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence genes; structure given in first source. N-(3-oxododecanoyl)homoserine lactone : A N-acyl homoserine lactone that is the monocarboxylic acid amide arising from formal condensation of homoserine lactone with 3-oxododecanoic acid.	2.01	1	0	N-acyl homoserine lactone
3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-2(5h)-furanone 3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-2(5H)-furanone: structure given in first source	2.94	4	0
esonarimod esonarimod: suppresses lymphocyte activating factor activity or biosynthesis; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0	aromatic ketone
sri 63072 SRI 63072: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist	1.97	1	0
salvinorin a salvinorin A: from the herb, Salvia divinorum	2.11	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organooxygen compound	metabolite; oneirogen
dihydroethidium dihydroethidium: RN given is for the (+-)-isomer	2.02	1	0
delphinidin delphinidin: RN given refers to parent cpd;. delphinidin : An anthocyanidin cation consisting of benzopyrylium with hydroxy substituents at the 3-, 5- and 7-positions and a 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl group at the 2-position. It is a plant pigment responsible for the colours of the plants of the genera Viola and Delphinium.	2.47	2	0	5-hydroxyanthocyanidin	antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; plant metabolite
cyanidin cyanidin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyanidin cation : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium substituted at positions 3, 3', 4', 5 and 7 by hydroxy groups.	4.31	4	1	5-hydroxyanthocyanidin	antioxidant; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
xaliproden xaliproden : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-naphthyl)ethyl group and at position 4 by a m-trifluoromethylphenyl group.	2.07	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; naphthalenes; tertiary amino compound; tetrahydropyridine	serotonergic agonist
tamsulosin [no description available]	2.45	2	0	5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antineoplastic agent
(hydroxy-2-naphthalenylmethyl)phosphonic acid (hydroxy-2-naphthalenylmethyl)phosphonic acid: a protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
l 670596 L 670596: thromboxane and prostaglondin endoperoxide receptor antagoist; structure given in first source	2.39	2	0	carbazoles
antiprimod azaspirane: structure given in first source	2.42	2	0
4-(3,4-dibutoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone [no description available]	2.41	2	0
n-isobutyrylcysteine N-isobutyrylcysteine: RN given refers to L-isomer	2.07	1	0
ad 5 AD 5: free radical scavenger	1.97	1	0
1'-methylascorbigen 1'-methylascorbigen: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
sulbactam [no description available]	2.05	1	0	penicillanic acids
olmesartan medoxomil Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.	2.05	1	0	biphenyls
phlorofucofuroeckol a phlorofucofuroeckol A: phlorotannin from Ecklonia kurome; structure given in first source	2.08	1	0
kca 098 KCA 098: an inhibitor of bone resorption; has no estrogenic activity; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
dexpanthenol dexpanthenol: The alcohol of pantothenic acid	2.07	1	0	amino alcohol; monocarboxylic acid amide	cholinergic drug; provitamin
cornuside cornuside: a bisiridoid glucoside from Cornus officinalis Sieb et Zucc; structure given in first source	2.06	1	0
em 139 EM 139: EM-170 is the (17'alpha)-isomer	1.98	1	0
safinamide safinamide: short-acting inhibitor of MOA-B; FCE 26743 is (S)-isomer, FCE 28073 is (R)-isomer; structure in first source	2.31	1	0	amino acid amide
cgs 22652 CGS 22652: has thromboxane receptor antagonism combined with thromboxane synthase inhibition; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
verticine verticine: structure	2.21	1	0	alkaloid
ly 274614 LY 235959: RN refers to (3S-(3alpha,4aalpha,6beta,8aalpha))-isomer	2.03	1	0
quilostigmine quilostigmine: RN given for (3aS,cis)-isomer; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	pyrroloindole
mdl-201112 3-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-cyclopentanol: structure given in first source; a synthetic carbocyclic adenosine analog; RN given refers to (1R-cis)-isomer	1.99	1	0
cizolirtine cizolirtine: structure given in first source; analgesic with no ulcerogenic effects	2	1	0
ilomastat CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor	2.05	1	0	hydroxamic acid; L-tryptophan derivative; N-acyl-amino acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
l 703606 L 703606: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
sc 51089 SC 51089: structure in first source; dinoprostone antagonist	7.51	23	1
l 733060 3-((3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyloxy)-2-phenylpiperidine: RN given refers to (2S-cis)-isomer; L-733,061 is pharmacologically inactive; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	piperidines
omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.	7.63	79	2	amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
win 64338 WIN 64338: structure given in first source; bradykinin receptor antagonist	2.01	1	0
3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)pyrazole 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)pyrazole: structure in first source	2.41	2	0
ym 114 YM 114: a derivative of YM-060; a 5-HT(3) receptor anatagonist; structure in first source	1.98	1	0
zm 230487 ZM 230487: a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor	2.4	2	0
ml-3000 [no description available]	3.54	8	0
2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman 2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman: natriuretic metabolite of gamma-tocopherol; structure in first source	2.01	1	0	benzopyran	antioxidant
imiloxan [no description available]	2.46	2	0	benzodioxine
tei 5103 TEI 5103: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
au 8001 AU 8001: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid 15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid: the 15-lipoxygenase product of dihomogammalinolenic acid; inhibits the biosynthesis of the proinflammatory eicosanoids leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid	2.44	2	0
butoxamine Butoxamine: A beta-2 selective adrenergic antagonist. It is used primarily in animal and tissue experiments to characterize BETA-2 ANDRENERGIC RECEPTORS.	3.23	6	0
aspartame [no description available]	2.49	2	0	carboxylic acid; dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide; methyl ester	apoptosis inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; micronutrient; nutraceutical; sweetening agent; xenobiotic
pomalidomide 3-aminophthalimidoglutarimide: structure in first source	2.02	1	0	aromatic amine; dicarboximide; isoindoles; piperidones	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; immunomodulator
cycloastragenol [no description available]	2.17	1	0
1-(2,3-bis((4-methoxyphenyl)methoxy)propyl)-1h-imidazole 1-(2,3-bis((4-methoxyphenyl)methoxy)propyl)-1H-imidazole: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
diphloretin phosphate [no description available]	2.66	3	0
valerylsalicylate valerylsalicylic acid: significantly inhibited [3H]thymidine; inhibitor of normal epithelial cell proliferation and growth of malignant cells. valerylsalicylic acid : A valerate ester that is salicylic acid in which the phenolic hydrogen is replaced by a valeryl (pentanoyl) group.	3.26	6	0	benzoic acids; salicylates; valerate ester	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor
5-hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	2.1	1	0	ether; flavonoids
beta-lactams 2-azetidinone: structure in first source. azetidin-2-one : An unsubstituted beta-lactam compound.. beta-lactam : A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a four-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.	2.25	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; beta-lactam
m 8218 M 8218: structure given in first source	2.1	1	0
6,6'-bieckol 6,6'-bieckol: structure given in first source; antiplasmin antag. 6,6'-bieckol : A phlorotanin that is 1,1'-bioxanthrene substituted by 3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy groups at position 6 and 6' and hydroxy groups at positions 2, 2', 4, 4', 7, 7', 9 and 9' respectively. It is isolated from an edible marine brown alga Ecklonia cava and exhibits antioxidant activity.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether; oxacycle; phlorotannin	anti-HIV-1 agent; metabolite; radical scavenger
tempol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aminoxyls; hydroxypiperidine	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; catalyst; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger
phytol [no description available]	2.38	2	0
sinensetin sinensetin: isolated from citrus fruit; exhibit antiadhesive action on platelets. sinensetin : A pentamethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.	2.48	2	0	pentamethoxyflavone	plant metabolite
proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.	8.8	60	1	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cucurbitaceae Cucurbitaceae: The gourd plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes placed in its own order, Cucurbitales. 'Melon' generally refers to CUCUMIS; CITRULLUS; or MOMORDICA.	3.3	6	0
harmalol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
eckol eckol: structure given in first source; isolated from brown alga Ecklonia kurome Okamura; inhibitor of alpha 2-antiplasmin. eckol : A phlorotannin that is oxanthrene-1,3,6,8-tetrol substituted by a 3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy moiety at position 4. Isolated from the marine brown alga, Ecklonia cava, it exhibits antioxidant activity.	2.03	1	0	phlorotannin	antioxidant; metabolite
isodibut virstatin: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	isoquinolines
3-methoxyflavone 3-methoxyflavone: from Aspergillus niger; structure in first source	1.98	1	0
betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate: may also contain chlorocresol (UD 25:22R)	2.42	2	0
2'-methoxyflavone [no description available]	1.98	1	0	ether; flavonoids
procyanidin b3 procyanidin B3 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of two molecules of (+)-catechin joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' in alpha-configuration. It can be found in red wine, in barley, in beer, in peach or in Jatropha macrantha, the Huanarpo Macho.	2.06	1	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavan; polyphenol; proanthocyanidin	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; metabolite
methotrexate-gamma-1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine methotrexate-gamma-1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine: vehicle for methotrexate in liposomes; RN given refers to (L)-isomer	2.39	2	0
6-methoxyflavone 6-methoxyflavone: suppresses NFAT-mediated T cell activation; structure in first source	1.98	1	0	ether; flavonoids
docetaxel [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrate; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.	4.81	7	1	secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
3,4-dihydro-5-methyl-1(2h)-isoquinolinone 3,4-dihydro-5-methyl-1(2H)-isoquinolinone: structure given in first source	2.01	1	0	isoquinolines
atazanavir atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).	2.05	1	0	carbohydrazide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.	3.02	4	0	9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
aclacinomycin aklavin: antibiotic prepared from culture liquids of streptomycete (A 1129); possessing antiphage activity; structure. aclacinomycin T : An anthracycline that is aklavinone having an alpha-L-rhodosaminyl residue attached at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.	1.97	1	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; polyketide; tertiary alcohol; tetracenequinones; zwitterion	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
ezetimibe Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).	2.05	1	0	azetidines; beta-lactam; organofluorine compound	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite
3,3',4',5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone 3,3',4',5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone: has anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from citrus fruit; exhibit antiadhesive action on platelets	2.11	1	0	ether; flavonoids
nepafenac nepafenac: amide analog of amfenac; structure in first source. nepafenac : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is amfenac in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted into the corresponding carboxamide. It is a prodrug for amfenac, used in eye drops to treat pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.	7.87	13	6	monocarboxylic acid amide	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
5-(3-pyridyl)tetrazole 5-(3-pyridyl)tetrazole: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
cox 189 lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.	3.28	6	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cilomilast [no description available]	3.12	5	0	methoxybenzenes
cariporide cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
tezosentan tezosentan: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
vatalanib [no description available]	2.07	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; pyridines; secondary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
evodiamine [no description available]	2.99	4	0	beta-carbolines
11-dodecynoic acid 11-dodecynoic acid: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid
(2-benzoylethyl)trimethylammonium (2-benzoylethyl)trimethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1	0
moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.	2.77	3	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; pyrrolidinopiperidine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug
tak 603 TAK 603: potential anti-inflammatory agent; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
clevidipine clevidipine: a calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive agent; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	dihydropyridine
ruboxistaurin ruboxistaurin: inhibits protein kinase C beta; structure in first source	1.99	1	0
jtt 501 JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
hyoscyamine Hyoscyamine: The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.. (S)-atropine : An atropine with a 2S-configuration.	2.48	2	0	tropane alkaloid
is 741 IS 741: a phospholipase A2 inhibitor; structure given in first source	2	1	0
rp 73401 piclamilast: an antiasthmatic agent and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor; structure in first source. piclamilast : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-(cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of 3,5-dichloropyridin-4-amine.	2.94	4	0	aromatic ether; benzamides; chloropyridine; monocarboxylic acid amide	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
phorbols Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).	5.62	25	0	diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent
4-methoxyhonokiol 4-methoxyhonokiol: an NSAID isolated from Magnolia obovata; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
kolaviron kolaviron: antihepatotoxic fraction of biflavonones from Garcinia kola seeds; phalloidine antagonist. kolaflavanone : A biflavonoid isolated from the seeds of Garcinia kola that has been shown to exhibit hepatoprotective activity.	2.8	3	0	4'-methoxyflavanones; biflavonoid; dihydroflavonols; ring assembly; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
tomentosin tomentosin: isolated from fresh Inula viscosa (Asteraceae) flowers; structure in first source	2.1	1	0	sesquiterpene lactone
schizandrin a schizandrin A: the major lignan, 2-9%, of Schisandra plant; has hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities	2.52	2	0
xamoterol Xamoterol: A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.	2.03	1	0	morpholines
ly 311727 LY 311727: a potent & selective inhibitor of human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2; structure given in first source	2.43	2	0
dehydrocrotonin dehydrocrotonin: a 19-nor-clerodane diterpene; isolated from the bark of Croton cajucara; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
ym 09151-2 nemonapride: structure in first source; RN given refers to compound with no isomeric designation. nemonapride : A racemate composed of (2S,3S)- and (2R,3R)-enantiomers of nemonapride. Highly potent dopamine D2-like receptor antagonist; selective over D1-like receptors (Ki values are 0.1 and 740 nM for D2-like and D1-like receptors respectively). Also potent 5-HT1A receptor agonist (IC50 = 34 nM) and has affinity for sigma receptors.. (2R,3R)-nemonapride : An optically active form of nemonapride having (2R,3R)-configuration.	1.98	1	0	N-(1-benzyl-2-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)benzamide
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	13.48	131	23	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
cinacalcet cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.	2.08	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; naphthalenes; secondary amino compound	calcimimetic; P450 inhibitor
alpha-methylhistamine (R)-alpha-methylhistamine : An aralkylamino compound that is histamine bearing a methyl substituent at the alpha-position (the R-enantiomer).	2.08	1	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	H3-receptor agonist
aethiopinone aethiopinone: structure in first source	2	1	0
hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.	5.31	12	1	oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species
lactitol lactitol : A glycosyl alditol consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose and D-glucitol joined by a 1->4 glycosidic bond. It is used as a laxative, as an excipient, and as replacement bulk sweetener in some low-calorie foods.	3.85	2	1	glycosyl alditol	cathartic; excipient; laxative
lubiprostone [no description available]	2.73	3	0
schizandrin b (+)-schisandrin B : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is found in Fructus Schisandrae and Schisandra chinensis.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclic acetal; organic heterotetracyclic compound; oxacycle; tannin	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
curculigoside [no description available]	2.13	1	0
camphora camphora: a component of Guanxingao, a kind of traditional Chinese rubber electuary medicine which is able to either cure or guard against coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. (R)-camphor : The (R)- enantiomer of camphor.	2.38	2	0	camphor
jte 522 tiracoxib: The combined administration of tiracoxib with probucol significantly inhibited the tumor growth. The angiogenesis was markedly reduced; no further information available 1/31/2001. tilmacoxib : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is that is 1,3-oxazole which is substituted at positions 2, 4 and 5 by methyl, cyclohexyl, and 3-fluoro-4-sulfamoylphenyl groups, respectively.	4.02	14	0	1,3-oxazoles; organofluorine compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
rhodioloside [no description available]	2.75	3	0	glycoside
oxytocin, pen(1)-(4-mephe)(2)-thr(4)-orn(8)- oxytocin, Pen(1)-(4-MePhe)(2)-Thr(4)-Orn(8)-: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer; an oxytocin antagonist	2.38	2	0
apigeninidin apigeninidin: a sorghum phytoalexin; structure given in first source	2.17	1	0
vufb 16066 flobufen: antirheumatic drug	1.99	1	0
interleukin 1beta (193-195) [no description available]	4.01	4	0
tripchlorolide tripchlorolide: a chloro-tri-epoxide analog of triptolide; from woody part of the root of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook; structure given in first source	2.41	2	0
atrasentan Atrasentan: A pyrrolidine and benzodioxole derivative that acts a RECEPTOR, ENDOTHELIN A antagonist. It has therapeutic potential as an antineoplastic agent and for the treatment of DIABETIC NEPHROPATHIES.	2.02	1	0	pyrrolidines
resiquimod S 28463: structure given in first source	3.16	5	0	imidazoquinoline
singlet oxygen Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.	2.05	1	0	chalcogen; monoatomic oxygen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
thielocin a1alpha thielocin A1alpha: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.38	2	0
fidarestat fidarestat: structure given in first source	2.47	2	0
cryptotanshinone cryptotanshinone: from Salvia miltiorrhiza	3.34	6	0	abietane diterpenoid	anticoronaviral agent
lipid y lipid Y: monosaccharide precursor of E coli lipid A; structure given in first source; see also the term lipid A precursors, Salmonella	1.96	1	0
cyc 202 seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.	2.46	2	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
carbodiimides Carbodiimides: Compounds with the general formula RN=C=NR, where R is a hydrocarbyl group.. methanediimine : A carbodiimide in which both nitrogens are unsubstituted.	1.96	1	0	carbodiimide
isosakuranetin isosakuranetin: structure in first source. 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 4' (the 2S stereoisomer).	2.07	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; monomethoxyflavanone	plant metabolite
cycloartane cycloartane : A triterpene that is lanostane in which there is a methylene bridge between the 5- and 9-positions.	2.17	1	0	triterpene
ar-turmerone ar-turmerone: potent antivenom against snake bites; isolated form Curcuma longa; structure given in first source. (+)-(S)-ar-turmerone : A sesquiterpenoid that is 2-methylhept-2-en-4-one substituted by a 4-methylphenyl group at position 6. It has been isolated from Peltophorum dasyrachis.	2.01	1	0	enone; sesquiterpenoid	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
aldosterone 18-glucuronide [no description available]	3.36	1	1	steroid glucosiduronic acid
epiberberine epiberberine: isolated in plants of Coptis from China	2.11	1	0
sweroside [no description available]	2.21	1	0	glycoside
prostaglandins b Prostaglandins B: Physiologically active prostaglandins found in many tissues and organs. They are potent pressor substances and have many other physiological activities.	4.23	18	0
13,14-dihydroprostaglandin e1 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin E1: a PGE1 metabolite	2.39	2	0	prostanoid
8-bromo-2'-amp [no description available]	2.39	2	0
leonurine leonurine: has neuroprotective activity; isolated from leaves of Leonurus artemisia; has uterotonic effect; structure	2.21	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
methanearsonous acid methanearsonous acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. methylarsonous acid : A one-carbon compound that is arsonous acid in which the hydrogen attached to arsenic is replaced by a methyl group.	2.13	1	0	arsonous acids; one-carbon compound	carcinogenic agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; poison
ampelopsin ampelopsin: hepatoprotective agent; isolated from Hovenia dulcis; RN given for (2R-trans)-isomer; structure in first source. (+)-dihydromyricetin : An optically active form of dihydromyricetin having (2R,3R)-configuration.	2.78	3	0	dihydromyricetin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite
2'-hydroxyflavone 2'-hydroxyflavone: isolated from Daphnopsis sellowiana; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	flavones
fpl 52757 FPL 52757: FPL 52758 is Na salt of FPL 52757; structure in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0
jolkinolide b jolkinolide B: isolated from Euphorbia fischeriana	2.07	1	0	diterpene lactone	metabolite
8-aminohexylamino camp [no description available]	2.05	1	0
isovitexin [no description available]	2.45	2	0	C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone	EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite
sq 20006 SQ 20006: structure	1.96	1	0
platycodin d platycodin D: triterpenoid saponin from a root of Platycodon grandiflorum; RN refers to (2beta,3beta,16alpha)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.96	4	0	triterpenoid saponin	metabolite
gingerdione gingerdione: structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	beta-diketone; monomethoxybenzene; phenols
malabaricone b malabaricone B: from maize (Myristica fragrans); structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
sclareol sclareol: structure given in first source. sclareol : A labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea.	2.49	2	0	labdane diterpenoid	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; apoptosis inducer; fragrance; plant metabolite
schizandrer a schizandrer A: from Fructus Schizandrae chinensis (Schisandraceae); structure given in first source	2.49	2	0
renin inhibitory peptide, 4-amino-5-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid [no description available]	1.99	1	0
neurokinin a (4-10), nle(10)- [no description available]	2.79	3	0
substance p, sar(9)-met(o2)(11)- substance P, Sar(9)-Met(O2)(11)-: a neurokinin-1 receptor agonist	3.02	4	0
5-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)-2-thiophenesulfonamide [no description available]	1.97	1	0
ibuprofen acyl glucuronide ibuprofen acyl glucuronide: structure given in first source; metabolite of ibuprofen; 13% of ibuprofen administered to humans is excreted in urine as its acyl glucuronide	2.21	1	0	terpene glycoside
fk 3311 FK 3311: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
antiflammin p1 antiflammin P1: nonapeptide fragment of uteroglobin has no phospholipase A2 inhibitory & anti-inflammatory activity; RN given refers to all (L)-isomer	2.39	2	0
org 31710 Org 31710: structure given in first source; progestational hormone antagonist	2	1	0
sdz mrl 953 SDZ MRL 953: monosaccharide lipid A analog which has improved activity in experimental sepsis	1.98	1	0
bn 50726 BN 50726: platelet activating factor inhibitor; antagonizes PAF receptor binding	1.98	1	0
4-trifluoromethylsalicylic acid 4-trifluoromethylsalicylic acid: structure given in first source; metabolite of triflusal	2.41	2	0	hydroxybenzoic acid
butrin butrin: antihepatotoxic principle from Butea monosperma (Fabaceae) flowers; structure given in first source. butrin : A flavanone glycoside that is butin substituted by two beta-D-glucopyranosyl residues at positions 7 and 3' respectively.	2.08	1	0	4'-hydroxyflavanones; flavanone glycoside; monohydroxyflavanone	anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite
tanshinone ii a tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	abietane diterpenoid
anordiol anordiol: RN given refers to (2alpha,5alpha,17alpha)-isomer	1.99	1	0
calcium pyrophosphate [no description available]	3.38	7	0
tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylphosphonium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tetraphenylphosphonium : A polyatomic cation consisting of four phenyl groups attached to a central phosphonium.	1.96	1	0	heteroorganic entity; phosphorus molecular entity; polyatomic cation
wy 41770 Wy 41770: produced no gastric irritation in rats; structure	1.96	1	0
13,14-dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin e1 13,14-dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin E1: pulmonary metabolite of PGE1 in dogs; RN given refers to (11alpha)-isomer. 13,14-dihydro-15-oxoprostaglandin E1 : A prostaglandin E obtained by formal oxidation of the 15-hydroxy group and hydrogenation of the 13,14-double bond of prostaglandin E1.	1.99	1	0	prostaglandins E	human xenobiotic metabolite
paromomycin Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	2.47	2	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
avasimibe [no description available]	2.05	1	0	monoterpenoid
technetium tc 99m pentetate Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate: A technetium imaging agent used in renal scintigraphy, computed tomography, lung ventilation imaging, gastrointestinal scintigraphy, and many other procedures which employ radionuclide imaging agents.	2.37	2	0
1,2-didecanoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-didecanoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to parent compound	1.99	1	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
anacardic acid anacardic acid: isolated from Anacardium occidentale; monophenol monooxygenase inhibitor. anacardic acid : A hydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by a pentadecyl group at position 6. It is a major component of cashew nut shell liquid and exhibits an extensive range of bioactivities.	2.08	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybenzoic acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
leucodin leucodin: structure in first source	2.07	1	0	sesquiterpene lactone
peiminine peiminine: isolated from Fritillaria verticillata; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha)-isomer	2.59	2	0	alkaloid
pectolinarin pectolinarin: antihemorrhagic principle from Chinese plant Cirsium japonicum DC.. pectolinarin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of pectolinarigenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.49	2	0	dimethoxyflavone; disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monohydroxyflavanone; rutinoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
boswellic acid boswellic acid: ursane type; RN given refers to (3alpha,4beta)-isomer; active principle of salai guggal; see also record for salai guggal	2.52	2	0	triterpenoid
aminopterin Aminopterin: A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.	1.97	1	0	dicarboxylic acid	EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; mutagen
elenolic acid elenolic acid: extract of olive plant; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3alpha,4beta))-isomer; structure	2.08	1	0
iodoplatinate [no description available]	1.97	1	0
angiotensin ii, sar(1)-val(5)- angiotensin II, Sar(1)-Val(5)-: RN given refers to L-Val	1.96	1	0
n-acetyl-n-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine N-acetyl-N-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine: metabolite of melatonin; structure in first source	2.02	1	0	aromatic ketone
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	3.49	8	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
argipressin,beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid(1)-val(4)- argipressin,beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid(1)-Val(4)-: potent, selective inhibitor of vasopressor response to arginine vasopressin	2.88	1	0
(4r)-3-((2s)-3-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-4- thiazolidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	1.97	1	0
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	14.41	308	11	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
fpl 59257 FPL 59257: abolishes cough response & partly inhibits bronchoconstriction produced by leukotrienes C & D	2.07	1	0
enkephalin, alanh2(5)- enkephalin, AlaNH2(5)-: has long-lasting analgesic effect; RN given refers to (D)-AlaNH2-L-Tyr-L-GLy-LPhe isomer	1.97	1	0
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	8.11	91	1
4-aminobenzoic acid-n-mannoside 4-aminobenzoic acid-N-mannoside: RN given refers to D-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 4/88	2.88	1	0
4-(3-((2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl)-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinyl)propyl)benzoic acid 4-(3-((2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl)-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinyl)propyl)benzoic acid: isosterically modified prostaglandin analog; structure given in first source	2.65	3	0
ad 1308 AD 1308: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
7-hydroxy-5,11-dioxotetranorprostane-1,16-dioic acid [no description available]	8.11	13	5	prostanoid
ropivacaine Ropivacaine: An anilide used as a long-acting local anesthetic. It has a differential blocking effect on sensory and motor neurons.. ropivacaine : The piperidinecarboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline.. (S)-ropivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.	3	4	0	piperidinecarboxamide; ropivacaine	local anaesthetic
migalastat migalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis	2.02	1	0	piperidines
sb 203580 [no description available]	5.5	63	0	imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide	EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
nbi 27914 [no description available]	2.45	2	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
sb 216763 [no description available]	2.97	4	0	indoles; maleimides
zm 241385 ZM 241385: a high affinity radioligand selective for the A2a adenosine receptor	2.42	2	0	diamino-1,3,5-triazine
erlotinib [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; terminal acetylenic compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist; protein kinase inhibitor
erlotinib hydrochloride [no description available]	4.85	7	1	hydrochloride; terminal acetylenic compound	antineoplastic agent; protein kinase inhibitor
cilengitide Cilengitide: an alphaVbeta3 integrin antagonist that paralyzes cancer cells	3.15	1	0	oligopeptide
helioxanthin helioxanthin: structure in first source. helioxanthin : A furonaphthodioxole that is furo[3',4':6,7]naphtho[1,2-d][1,3]dioxol-7(9H)-one substituted by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at posiiton 10. It is a inhibitor of HBV, HCV and HSV-1 viruses.	2.13	1	0	benzodioxoles; furonaphthodioxole; lignan	anti-HBV agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.	6.11	15	0	divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion
zeneca zd 6169 Zeneca ZD 6169: an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener; structure given in first source	2.42	2	0
ly 293111 LY 293111: a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.7	3	0	aromatic ether
t 440 T 440: a selective type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
asimadoline asimadoline: structure in first source	2	1	0
limonin [no description available]	2.53	2	0	epoxide; furans; hexacyclic triterpenoid; lactone; limonoid; organic heterohexacyclic compound	inhibitor; metabolite; volatile oil component
dizocilpine [no description available]	2.78	3	0	secondary amino compound; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
cucurbitacin r cucurbitacin R: from Cayaponia tayuya roots; structure in first source. 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin D : A 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at position 5.	2.03	1	0	23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
pilocarpic acid pilocarpic acid: hydrolysis product of pilocarpine in aqueous medium; RN given refers to (S-(R,S))-isomer	3.43	1	1
sibenadet sibenadet: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
ergolide ergolide: a potent cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactone from Inula sp.; structure given in first source. ergolide : A sesquiterpene lactone that is decahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2,5-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 4a and 8, a methylidene group at position 3 and an acetyloxy group at position 4. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Inula hupehensis.	2	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; gamma-lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite
propargylglycine propargylglycine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.06	1	0
aflatoxin b1 Aflatoxin B1: A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.. aflatoxin B1 : An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11.	2.04	1	0	aflatoxin; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite
alpha-fluoromethylhistidine alpha-fluoromethylhistidine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.99	1	0
4,7,10,13-eicosatetraynoic acid 4,7,10,13-eicosatetraynoic acid: inhibits synthesis of 12-L-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (HETE)	1.96	1	0
santamarine santamarine: sesquiterpene derivative of costunolide. santamarin : A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group.	2.07	1	0	sesquiterpene lactone
esculentin steroid esculentin steroid: do not confuse with esculentin (antimicrobial peptide)	1.98	1	0
isospaglumic acid isospaglumic acid: mediator in the sensitivity of animals to hyperbaric oxygenation; Naaxia is the tradename; apparently can have both a neuroprotective and a neurotoxic effect. Ac-Asp-Glu : A dipeptide composed of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid joined by a peptide linkage.	2.07	1	0	dipeptide	human metabolite
solidagenone solidagenone: RN given for (4R-(4alpha,4abeta,8aalpha))-isomer; structure in first source	2.43	2	0
cavidine cavidine: structure	2.13	1	0
eudesmane eudesmane: a bicyclododecane; not a napthalene	2.15	1	0	sesquiterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent
carbocysteine Carbocysteine: A compound formed when iodoacetic acid reacts with sulfhydryl groups in proteins. It has been used as an anti-infective nasal spray with mucolytic and expectorant action.. S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine : An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.	1.98	1	0	L-cysteine thioether; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	mucolytic
n(2)-(gamma-d-glutamyl)-meso-2,2'-diaminopimelic acid N(2)-(gamma-D-glutamyl)-meso-2,2'-diaminopimelic acid: intermediate in synthesis of FK-156 which is an immunostimulant; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (D)-isomer	2.05	1	0
cucurbitacin r 2,25-diglucoside cucurbitacin R 2,25-diglucoside: regulator of steroidogenesis & production of PGE2; specific modulator of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex system	2.38	2	0
uk 34787 UK 34787: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1	0
maduramicin maduramicin: isolated from Actinomadura rubra	2.07	1	0
2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-o-(1-thiotriphosphate) 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate): RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure.	3	4	0
somatostatin, octapeptide-trp(8)- [no description available]	1.96	1	0
1-((4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-thiazoyl)carbonyl)-4-methylpiperazine 1-((4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-thiazoyl)carbonyl)-4-methylpiperazine: structure given in first source	2.43	2	0
latrepirdine latrepirdine: structure	2.07	1	0	methylpyridines; pyridoindole	geroprotector
n-acetylchitohexaose N-acetylchitohexaose: RN given from Toxlit 8/88	1.97	1	0
chelidonine chelidonine: benzophenanthridine derived from scoulerine from Chelidonium majus; RN given refers to parent cpd (chelidonine, (5bR-(5balpha,6beta,12alpha))-isomer)	2.52	2	0	alkaloid antibiotic; alkaloid fundamental parent; benzophenanthridine alkaloid
troleandomycin Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	2.47	2	0	acetate ester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyketide; semisynthetic derivative	EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic
ramelteon ramelteon: melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist	2.07	1	0	indanes
lapatinib [no description available]	2.07	1	0	furans; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
firocoxib firocoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor; structure in first source. firocoxib : An enol ether that is the cyclopropylmethyl ether of 3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-4-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]furan-2-one. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in horses and dogs.	6.05	7	4	butenolide; cyclopropanes; enol ether; sulfone	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cimicoxib cimicoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor; structure in first source. cimicoxib : An imidazole substituted at positions 1, 4 and 5 by 4-aminosulfonylphenyl, chloro and 3-fluoro-4-methyoxyphenyl groups respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs.	2.11	1	0	aromatic ether; imidazoles; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
butyrylcarnitine butyrylcarnitine: structure in first source. O-butanoyl-L-carnitine : An optically active form of O-butanoylcarnitine having L-configuration.. O-butanoylcarnitine : A C4-acylcarnitine that is the O-butanoyl derivative of carnitine.	2.21	1	0	O-butanoylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine	metabolite
deferasirox Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.	2.05	1	0	benzoic acids; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; triazoles	iron chelator
tbc-11251 sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.05	1	0	benzodioxoles
tolvaptan [no description available]	3.01	2	0	benzazepine; benzenedicarboxamide	aquaretic; vasopressin receptor antagonist
sorafenib [no description available]	3.01	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
lenalidomide [no description available]	2.44	2	0	aromatic amine; dicarboximide; isoindoles; piperidones	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; immunomodulator
solifenacin succinate Solifenacin Succinate: A quinuclidine and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and selective M3 MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST. It is used as a UROLOGIC AGENT in the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE.	2	1	0	isoquinolines
cp 101,606 traxoprodil mesylate: a selective NMDA antagonist; structure given in first source	2.02	1	0
santonin Santonin: Anthelmintic isolated from the dried unexpanded flower heads of Artemisia maritima and other species of Artemisia found principally in Russian and Chinese Turkestan and the Southern Ural region. (From Merck, 11th ed.)	2.07	1	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; santonin	plant metabolite
cholic acid Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.	2.72	3	0	12alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; 7alpha-hydroxy steroid; bile acid; C24-steroid; trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.	2.47	2	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C29-steroid; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	anticholesteremic drug; antioxidant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
brazilin brazilin: structure given in first source. brazilin : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is a red pigment obtained from the wood of Caesalpinia echinata (Brazil-wood) or Caesalpinia sappan (sappan-wood).	2.48	2	0	1-benzopyran
deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.	6.02	27	1	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human blood serum metabolite
estradiol 3-benzoate 17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of benzoic acid with the phenolic hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol.	2.25	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; benzoate ester	estrogen receptor agonist; xenoestrogen
cortisone [no description available]	3.79	11	0	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
isoflupredone acetate isoflupredone acetate: RN refers to (11beta)-isomer; structure	2.17	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
gossypol acetic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	0
4'-hydroxyflavone 4'-hydroxyflavone: structure in first source	1.98	1	0
3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	7.25	22	1	2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
epinastine dexamethasone acetate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
5-hydroxymethylfurfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: has antisickling activity; HMF is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural : A member of the class of furans that is furan which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by formyl and hydroxymethyl substituents, respectively. Virtually absent from fresh foods, it is naturally generated in sugar-containing foods during storage, and especially by drying or cooking. It is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo.	2.21	1	0	arenecarbaldehyde; furans; primary alcohol	indicator; Maillard reaction product
lanosterol [no description available]	2.79	3	0	14alpha-methyl steroid; 3beta-sterol; tetracyclic triterpenoid	bacterial metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-hydroxyestradiol 2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2.	2.68	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-hydroxy steroid	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug
medrysone [no description available]	3.76	2	1	corticosteroid hormone
vincristine sulfate [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic sulfate salt	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector
19-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione [no description available]	1.97	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 19-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; androstanoid	mouse metabolite
nsc 74859 NSC 74859: inhibits Stat3 binding activity; structure in first source. S3I-201 : An amidobenzoic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of [(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)oxy]acetic acid with the amino group of 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.	2.15	1	0	amidobenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; tosylate ester	STAT3 inhibitor
anisomycin Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.	3.36	7	0	monohydroxypyrrolidine; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; bacterial metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; protein synthesis inhibitor
benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.	5.12	44	0
chondocurine (1beta)-(+-)-isomer curine: structure in first source	2.1	1	0	aromatic ether
benzarone benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure	2.05	1	0	1-benzofurans
estramustine Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; carbamate ester; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; radiation protective agent
lupeol [no description available]	2.43	2	0	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite
metribolone Metribolone: A synthetic non-aromatizable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumors.. 17beta-hydroxy-17-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one : A synthetic non-aromatisable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumors.	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	androgen
acetylstrophanthidin acetylstrophanthidin: structure. acetylstrophanthidin : An acetate ester that is strophanidin acetylated at the 3beta-hydroxy group.	2.07	1	0	acetate ester	anti-arrhythmia drug
dunnione dunnione: RN given for (+)-isomer; an industrial fungicide; structure in first source	2.15	1	0	naphthofuran
withaferin a withaferin A: an antiestrogen and phytogenic antineoplastic agent isolated from leaves of Withania somnifera Dun.; structure. withaferin A : A withanolide that is 5,6:22,26-diepoxyergosta-2,24-diene-1,26-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 27 (the 4beta,5beta,6beta,22R stereoisomer). Isolated from Physalis longifolia, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.	2.06	1	0	27-hydroxy steroid; 4-hydroxy steroid; delta-lactone; enone; epoxy steroid; ergostanoid; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol; withanolide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer
23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin b 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B: from the leaves of Morierina montana Vieill; structure in first source. 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B : A 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at position 5; a hydroxy function at C-25 is acetylated.	2.44	2	0	23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
phenethicillin phenethicillin: minor descriptor (85); major descriptor (63-84); on-line search PENICILLIN, PHENOXYMETHYL/AA (66-85); Index Medicus search PHENETHICILLIN (63-84); RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer. phenethicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-phenoxypropanamido group.	2.49	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
noscapine Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; cyclic acetal; isobenzofuranone; organic heterobicyclic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antitussive; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
Harringtonine harringtonin: alkaloid C from Caphalotaxus fortunei	2.07	1	0	alkaloid
homoharringtonine Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.	2.05	1	0	alkaloid ester; enol ether; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; protein synthesis inhibitor
allylpyrocatechol allylpyrocatechol: extracted from leaves of Piper betel; has healing properties against indomethacin-induced stomach ulceration; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
acivicin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	isoxazoles; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	antileishmanial agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor; glutamine antagonist; metabolite
ketopinic acid ketopinic acid: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
n-methylcorydaldine N-methylcorydaldine: isolated from Annona squamosa twigs; structure in first source	2.06	1	0	quinolone	metabolite
wortmannin [no description available]	4.42	21	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent
withanolides Withanolides: Ergostane derivatives of 28 carbons with oxygens at C1, C22, and C26 positions and the side chain cyclized. They are found in WITHANIA plant genus and have cytotoxic and other effects.	2.53	2	0
5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole: inhibits transcript elongation	2	1	0
sorbinil sorbinil: aldose reductase inhibitor. sorbinil : An azaspiro compound having a monofluoro-substituted chromane skeleton spiro-linked to an imidazolidinedione ring.	3.39	7	0	azaspiro compound; chromanes; imidazolidinone; organofluorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
latifolin latifolin: structure in first source	2.1	1	0
gitoxigenin gitoxigenin: structure	2.07	1	0	14beta-hydroxy steroid; 16beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid
graveoline graveoline: structure in first source	2.07	1	0	quinolines
4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en 4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,3abeta,4beta,8aalpha))-isomer; a natural benzyl ester of a carotyl type azulene sesquiterpenoid; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.	2	1	0
phyllanthin [no description available]	2.11	1	0	lignan
taiwanin c taiwanin C: were isolated from the root of Acanthopanax chiisanensis; structure in first source. taiwanin C : A furonaphthodioxole that is furo[3',4':6,7]naphtho[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6(8H)-one substituted by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 5. It is a naturally occurring lignan extracted from Taiwania cryptomerioides and found to be a potential inhibitor of COX2 expression.	2.43	2	0	benzodioxoles; furonaphthodioxole; lignan	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; organochlorine compound; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid; spiro-epoxide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor; retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine: structure in first source	2.06	1	0
taurochenodeoxycholic acid Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilize fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurochenodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurochenodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. taurochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of chenodeoxycholic acid.	3.4	7	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
bortezomib [no description available]	2.49	2	0	amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor
rosiglitazone 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin: possess strong antioxidant and radical scavenging activities; structure in first source. 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin : A coumarin substituted by a methyl group at position 4 and by acetyloxy groups at positions 7 and 8. It exhibits strong antioxidant and radical scavenging properties.	2.1	1	0	acetate ester; coumarins; diester	pro-angiogenic agent; radical scavenger
ritonavir Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	2.48	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; carboxamide; L-valine derivative; ureas	antiviral drug; environmental contaminant; HIV protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
evodine evodine: structure in first source	3.41	1	1
Bardoxolone [no description available]	2.41	1	0	cyclohexenones
nexavar [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organosulfonate salt
dihydropyridines Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.	2.92	4	0
methylmercuric chloride methylmercuric chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd	1.96	1	0	chlorine molecular entity; mercury coordination entity; one-carbon compound
prosapogenin prosapogenin: RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF	2.46	2	0	triterpenoid saponin
leupeptins Leupeptins: A group of acylated oligopeptides produced by Actinomycetes that function as protease inhibitors. They have been known to inhibit to varying degrees trypsin, plasmin, KALLIKREINS, papain and the cathepsins.	4.03	14	0
carboplatin [no description available]	4.82	2	1
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.	4.58	25	0	inorganic chloride; lithium salt	antimanic drug; geroprotector
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	5.61	24	0
arabinose [no description available]	2.06	1	0	L-arabinose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
n-acetylneuraminic acid N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: An N-acyl derivative of neuraminic acid. N-acetylneuraminic acid occurs in many polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1518). N-acetylneuraminic acid : An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl.	3.09	5	0	N-acetylneuraminic acids	antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
fibrin Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot.	4.68	9	0	peptide
bradykinin [no description available]	15.43	526	8	oligopeptide	human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	7.35	41	1	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
elastin [no description available]	3.12	5	0	oligopeptide
carnosine polaprezinc: stimulates bone growth	3.84	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; dipeptide	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Daphnia magna metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent
mevalonic acid Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.	3.28	6	0	3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
raffinose Raffinose: A trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal.. raffinose : A trisaccharide composed of alpha-D-galactopyranose, alpha-D-glucopyranose and beta-D-fructofuranose joined in sequence by 1->6 and 1<->2 glycosidic linkages, respectively.	1.98	1	0	raffinose family oligosaccharide; trisaccharide	mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
naringenin (S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.	2.98	4	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; naringenin	expectorant; plant metabolite
epiglucan epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction.	5.25	12	1
diaminopimelic acid Diaminopimelic Acid: A diamino derivative of heptanedioic acid with amino groups at C-2 and C-6 and the general formula (COOH)CH(NH2)CH2CH2CH2CH(NH2)(COOH).. LL-2,6-diaminopimelic acid : A 2,6-diaminopimelic acid in which both chiral centres have S configuration. It is a component of bacterial cell wall.	2.05	1	0	2,6-diaminopimelic acid; amino acid zwitterion	Escherichia coli metabolite
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.	23.09	535	164	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone	oxytocic; vasodilator agent
laminaran beta-1,3-glucan: component of fungal cell walls; also used as antitumor polysaccharide; unspecified D usually means BETA-GLUCANS; beta-1,3-D-glucan is also available; glucan phosphate is also available; biosynthesis is inhibited by echinocandins (cyclic hexapeptides). laminarin : A polysaccharide composed of beta-(1->3)-linked glucose residues containing sporadic beta-(1->6)-linkages as branch points or inter-residue linkages and 2-3% D-mannitol at some reducing termini.	3.23	6	0
7-dehydrocholesterol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; cholestanoid; Delta(5),Delta(7)-sterol	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin.	5.44	62	0	myo-inositol trisphosphate	mouse metabolite
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.	5.31	55	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite
salicin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; aryl beta-D-glucoside; benzyl alcohols	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
amastatin amastatin: structure; inhibits aminopeptidase. amastatin : A tetrapeptide comprising (2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoyl, L-valyl, L-valyl and L-aspartic acid units joined in sequence	2.02	1	0	tetrapeptide	EC 3.4.11.* (aminopeptidase) inhibitor; protease inhibitor
casein hydrolysate casein hydrolysate: an ingredient of trypticase soy broth; casitone is a tryptic digest of casein	2.04	1	0
puromycin [no description available]	3.49	8	0	puromycins	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor; nucleoside antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor
taxifolin (+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.	2.75	3	0	taxifolin	metabolite
mannuronic acid mannuronic acid: hydrolysis product of alginic acids from ALGAE; has anti-inflammatory activity. D-mannopyranuronic acid : The pyranose form of D-mannonic acid.	2.15	1	0	D-mannonic acid
tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of Serine Endopeptidases. Acts as alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process.. N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone : The N-tosyl derivative of L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone.	2.91	4	0	alpha-chloroketone; sulfonamide	alkylating agent; serine proteinase inhibitor
tartaric acid tartaric acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-tartaric acid : The D-enantiomer of tartaric acid.	2.66	3	0	tartaric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite
n-formylmethionine N-formyl-L-methionine : A L-methionine derivative in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a formyl group.	2.65	3	0	L-methionine derivative; N-formyl amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	metabolite
nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.	5.02	40	0	guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
xylose 1-phosphate xylose 1-phosphate: RN refers to (D)-isomer. alpha-D-xylose 1-phosphate : A xylose phosphate that is alpha-D-xylose carrying a phosphate group at position 1.	1.96	1	0	xylose phosphate
adenosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate): RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locant for thio group; see also records for 1-thio & 2-thio-isomers. adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is ATP in which one of the oxygens attached to 3-phosphate group is replaced by sulfur.	3.98	13	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
mimosine L-mimosine : An L-alpha-amino acid that is propionic acid substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a 3-hydroxy-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl group at position 3 (the 2S-stereoisomer). It a non-protein plant amino acid isolated from Mimosa pudica.	2.07	1	0	4-pyridones; amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
2-hydroxyestrone 2-hydroxyestrone: catechol estrogen which is a major metabolite of estradiol in man & animals; RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-hydroxyestrone : A 2-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.	2.11	1	0	2-hydroxy steroid; catechols	human metabolite
dehydroascorbic acid Dehydroascorbic Acid: The reversibly oxidized form of ascorbic acid. It is the lactone of 2,3-DIKETOGULONIC ACID and has antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion.. L-dehydroascorbate : An organic anion and the conjugate base of L-dehydroascorbic acid, arising from deprotonation of the acidic C2-position.. L-dehydroascorbic acid : Dehydroascorbic acid having the L-configuration.	2.08	1	0	dehydroascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; mouse metabolite
cortodoxone Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.	2.37	2	0	deoxycortisol; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
eriodictyol eriodictyol: structure. eriodictyol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.	2.78	3	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; tetrahydroxyflavanone
(+)-limonene (4R)-limonene : An optically active form of limonene having (4R)-configuration.	2	1	0	limonene	plant metabolite
arbutin hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.07	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative	Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
strychnine Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position.	2.92	4	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteroheptacyclic compound	avicide; cholinergic antagonist; glycine receptor antagonist; neurotransmitter agent; rodenticide
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	3.39	7	0	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
conessine conessine : A steroid alkaloid that is con-5-enine substituted by a N,N-dimethylamino group at position 3. It has been isolated from the plant species of the family Apocynaceae.	2.07	1	0	steroid alkaloid; tertiary amino compound	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; H3-receptor antagonist; plant metabolite
meropenem Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.	2.05	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; carbapenemcarboxylic acid; organic sulfide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug; drug allergen
griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.	3.14	5	0	1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite
monensin Monensin: An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.. monensin A : A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle.	2.68	3	0	cyclic hemiketal; monocarboxylic acid; polyether antibiotic; spiroketal	antifungal agent; coccidiostat; ionophore
digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.	2.76	3	0	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.	2.05	1	0	L-asparagine derivative; quinolines	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
pancuronium Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.	1.97	1	0	acetate ester; steroid ester	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
rocuronium Rocuronium: An androstanol non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. It has a mono-quaternary structure and is a weaker nicotinic antagonist than PANCURONIUM.. rocuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.	2	1	0	3alpha-hydroxy steroid; acetate ester; androstane; morpholines; quaternary ammonium ion; tertiary amino compound	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
hyperforin hyperforin: a prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative; antibiotic component of novoimanine; psychoactive agent in St. John's wort; Russian; structure;. hyperforin : A cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum.	2.46	2	0
netilmicin Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.	2.05	1	0
trimethaphan camsylate trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.	2.05	1	0
erythromycin estolate Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.	2.05	1	0	aminoglycoside sulfate salt; erythromycin derivative	enzyme inhibitor
linezolid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	acetamides; morpholines; organofluorine compound; oxazolidinone	antibacterial drug; protein synthesis inhibitor
(S)-bicalutamide (S)-bicalutamide : A N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide that is the (S)-enantiomer of bicalutamide.	2.07	1	0	N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide
norpseudoephedrine norpseudoephedrine: major metabolite of diethylpropion in man under acidic urine conditions; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation;. cathine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1S,2S-stereoisomer).	2.1	1	0	amphetamines; phenethylamine alkaloid	central nervous system stimulant; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug
phalloidine Phalloidine: Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fatal liver, kidney and CNS damage in mushroom poisoning; used in the study of liver damage.. phalloidin : A homodetic bicyclic heptapeptide having a sulfide bridge.	1.98	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide
indican [no description available]	2.54	2	0	beta-D-glucoside; exopolysaccharide; indolyl carbohydrate
euphol euphol: from Euphorbia acaulis Roxb.; structure given in first source	2.11	1	0	triterpenoid
deltaline [no description available]	2.07	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic acetal; diterpene alkaloid; organic polycyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
ryanodine Ryanodine: A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.. ryanodine : An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa.	3.26	6	0
furostanol i furostanol I: from Dioscorea deltoidea; intermediate in in vivo diosgenin biosynthesis; structure given in first source. protodioscin : A spirostanyl glycoside that consists of the trisaccharide alpha-L-Rha-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Rha-(1->2)]-beta-D-Glc attached to position 3 of 26-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3beta,22-dihydroxyfurost-5-ene via a glycosidic linkage. Found in several plant species including yams, asparagus and funugreek.	2.15	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; cyclic hemiketal; pentacyclic triterpenoid; steroid saponin; trisaccharide derivative	metabolite
ruscogenin ruscogenin: basic sapogenin of Ruscus sp.; RN given refers to (1 beta,3 beta,25R)-isomer	2.5	2	0	triterpenoid
ginsenoside re [no description available]	2.02	1	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; disaccharide derivative; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; nephroprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
ginsenoside rf ginsenoside Rf: from ginseng. ginsenoside Rf : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.	2.1	1	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; disaccharide derivative; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
ginsenoside rg1 [no description available]	4.24	5	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	neuroprotective agent; pro-angiogenic agent
biflorin biflorin: isolated from Capraria biflora; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	chromones
carnosol carnosol: isolated from Lepechinia hastata	2.49	2	0	diterpenoid
columbin columbin: from Tinospora Cordifolia Miers & Calumbae Radix (the root of Jateorhiza columba MIERS, Menispermacea) ; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organooxygen compound
brucine brucine: was heading 1991-94 (see under STRYCHNINE 1975-90); DIMETHOXYSTRYCHNINE was see BRUCINE 1975-94; use STRYCHNINE to search BRUCINE 1975-94; very toxic alkaloid from Nux vomica similar to strychnine; used as reagent in analytical chemistry; was MH 1991-94	2.15	1	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteroheptacyclic compound
ferruginol ferruginol: structure in first source. ferruginol : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at positions 12.	2.44	2	0	abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; meroterpenoid; phenols	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite; protective agent
ingenol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	cyclic terpene ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid
phorbol phorbol: RN given refers to (1aR-(1a alpha,1b beta,4a beta,7a alpha,7b alpha,8 alpha,9 beta,9b beta))-isomer; synonym isophorbol refers to (4a alpha)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7143. phorbol : A diterpenoid with the structure of tigliane hydroxylated at C-4, -9, -12(beta), -13 and -20, with an oxo group at C-3 and unsaturation at the 1- and 6-positions.	2.37	2	0	cyclic ketone; enone; tertiary alcohol; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid
decursin decursin: activates protein kinase C; isolated from the root of Angelica gigas; RN given for (S)-isomer; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	coumarins
picrotin picrotin: the less toxic component of PICROTOXIN lacking GABA activity. picrotin : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is picrotoxinin in which the olefinic double bond has undergone addition of water to give the corresponding tertiary alcohol. It is the less toxic component of picrotoxin, lacking GABA activity.	2.07	1	0	diol; epoxide; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid; tertiary alcohol	plant metabolite
picrotoxinin [no description available]	3.43	7	0	epoxide; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid; tertiary alcohol	GABA antagonist; plant metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
patchouli alcohol patchouli alcohol: major component of the essential oil of patchouli; perfumery raw material. patchouli alcohol : A carbotricyclic compound and sesquiterpenoid tertiary alcohol that is tricyclo[5.3.1.0(3,8)]undecan-3-ol which is substituted at positions 2, 2, 6 and 8 by methyl groups (the 1R,3R,6S,7S,8S-diastereoisomer).	2.1	1	0
farrerol farrerol: expectorant principle isolated from leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L; structure	2.11	1	0	organic molecular entity	metabolite
genipin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	iridoid monoterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cross-linking reagent; hepatotoxic agent; uncoupling protein inhibitor
naringin [no description available]	4.23	5	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; neohesperidoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
isonaringin isonaringin: structure in first source. narirutin : A disaccharide derivative that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.48	2	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; rutinoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; metabolite
swertiamarin swertiamarin: seco-iridoid glucoside from Swertia japonica;	2.1	1	0	glycoside
ochratoxin a ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum.	2.95	4	0	isochromanes; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acyl-L-phenylalanine; organochlorine compound; phenylalanine derivative	Aspergillus metabolite; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; mycotoxin; nephrotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; teratogenic agent
gingerol gingerol: an active ingredient in GINGER along with SHOGAOL. a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone. gingerol : A beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1; believed to inhibit adipogenesis. It is a constituent of fresh ginger.	3.14	5	0	beta-hydroxy ketone; guaiacols	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
securinine securinine: a quinolizine pseudoalkaloid (not from amino acid) from Securinega suffurutiosa or Securinini nitras	2.07	1	0	indolizines
hinokinin hinokinin: suppresses expression of both HBsAg and HBeAg. hinokinin : A lignan that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (gamma-butyrolactone) substituted by a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl group at positions 3 and 4 (the 3R,4R-diastereoisomer).	2.15	1	0	benzodioxoles; gamma-lactone; lignan	trypanocidal drug
Dubinidine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
alpha bitter acid humulon: antibiotic from hops; structure	2	1	0	aromatic ketone; cyclic ketone; diketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	antibacterial drug; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; metabolite
cyclopamine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	piperidines	glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
lignans Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	6.47	54	0
yangambin [no description available]	2.21	1	0	lignan
bq 123 cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu): derived from the modification of a natural lead of BE-18257B, an endothelin A receptor antagonist; has neuroprotective activity; amino acid sequence given in first source	4.36	20	0	cyclic peptide
e 3040 E 3040: a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and thromboxane A2 synthetase; structure given in first source	2.41	2	0	benzothiazoles; organic hydroxy compound; pyridines; secondary amino compound	anti-inflammatory drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; uricosuric drug
n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor.	7.15	87	1	tripeptide
devazepide Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.	2.76	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; indolecarboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cholecystokinin antagonist; gastrointestinal drug
teprotide Teprotide: A synthetic nonapeptide (Pyr-Trp-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gln-Ile-Pro-Pro) which is identical to the peptide from the venom of the snake, Bothrops jararaca. It inhibits kininase II and ANGIOTENSIN I and has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.	2.89	4	0	peptide
diprenorphine Diprenorphine: A narcotic antagonist similar in action to NALOXONE. It is used to remobilize animals after ETORPHINE neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine.	1.97	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
sodium arsenite sodium arsenite : An inoganic sodium salt with formula with formula NaAsO2.	3.12	5	0	arsenic molecular entity; inorganic sodium salt	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; herbicide; insecticide; rodenticide
valnemulin valnemulin: a pleuromutilin derivative	2.05	1	0	carbotricyclic compound; carboxylic ester; cyclic ketone
eplerenone Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	2.07	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; epoxy steroid; gamma-lactone; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; steroid acid ester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent
tolterodine [no description available]	2.48	2	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant
ergonovine Ergonovine: An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE contractile properties.. ergometrine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is lysergamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl group (S-configuration). An ergot alkaloid that has a particularly powerful action on the uterus, its maleate (and formerly tartrate) salt is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced.	5.71	3	2	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	diagnostic agent; fungal metabolite; oxytocic; toxin
difluprednate difluprednate: RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta)-isomer	3.59	1	1	butyrate ester; corticosteroid hormone
doxorubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	anthracycline
halcinonide Halcinonide: A glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of DERMATITIS; ECZEMA; or PSORIASIS. It may cause skin irritation.	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity	SMO receptor agonist
metrizamide Metrizamide: A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium.	2.07	1	0	amino sugar
erythromycin ethylsuccinate Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.	2.05	1	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin derivative; ethyl ester; succinate ester
vinpocetine vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.72	3	0	alkaloid	geroprotector
tibolone tibolone: used in prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. tibolone : Estran-3-one with a double bond between positions 5 and 10, and bearing both an ethynyl group and a hydroxy group at position 17 (R-configuration). A synthetic steroid hormone drug which acts as an agonist at all five type I steroid hormone receptors, it is used in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and for treatment of endometriosis.	2.03	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	bone density conservation agent; hormone agonist
ao 128 AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
dihydroergocristine monomesylate dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.	2.07	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	5.36	13	1	cyclodextrin
sucrose octasulfate [no description available]	1.98	1	0
acarbose [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino cyclitol; glycoside
maleic acid maleic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer which is maleic acid; all RR's given refer to (Z)-isomer; (E)-isomer is fumaric acid. maleic acid : A butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration.	1.98	1	0	butenedioic acid	algal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
acetyl coenzyme a Acetyl Coenzyme A: Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.	2.21	1	0	acyl-CoA	acyl donor; coenzyme; effector; fundamental metabolite
e-z cinnamic acid cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid	3.32	6	0	cinnamic acid	plant metabolite
ergosterol [no description available]	2.8	3	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols	fungal metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
trichostatin a trichostatin A: chelates zinc ion in the active site of histone deacetylases, resulting in preventing histone unpacking so DNA is less available for transcription; do not confuse with TRICHOSANTHIN which is a protein; found in STREPTOMYCES	3.54	8	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; hydroxamic acid; trichostatin	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	8.13	92	1	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.	20.02	1,813	11	icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid	Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
fumaric acid fumaric acid: see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters. fumaric acid : A butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.	2.03	1	0	butenedioic acid	food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
prostaglandin h2 Prostaglandin H2: A cyclic endoperoxide intermediate produced by the action of CYCLOOXYGENASE on ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is further converted by a series of specific enzymes to the series 2 prostaglandins.	7.81	74	0	olefinic compound; oxylipin; prostaglandins H; secondary alcohol	mouse metabolite
farnesol Farnesol: A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesol : The (2-trans,6-trans)-stereoisomer of farnesol.. farnesol : A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1.	2.8	3	0	farnesol	plant metabolite
phosphoramidon phosphoramidon: a membrane metallo-endopeptidase & endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor; thermolysin inhibitor from culture filtrate of Streptomyces tanashiensis; structure. phosphoramidon : A dipeptide isolated from the cultures of Streptomyces tanashiensis.	2.92	4	0	deoxyaldohexose phosphate; dipeptide	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.4.24.11 (neprilysin) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.71 (endothelin-converting enzyme 1) inhibitor
1-(5'-phospho-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)barbituric acid 6-oxouridine 5'-phosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate that is the 6-oxo derivative of UMP.	1.96	1	0	pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	6.73	53	1	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	6.5	14	1	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
latrunculin a latrunculin A: 16-membered macrolide attached to 2-thiazolidinone moiety; from Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica; see also latrunculin B; structure given in first source. latrunculin A : A bicyclic macrolide natural product consisting of a 16-membered bicyclic lactone attached to the rare 2-thiazolidinone moiety. It is obtained from the Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica and from the Fiji Islands sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis. Latrunculin A inhibits actin polymerisation, microfilament organsation and microfilament-mediated processes.	2.44	2	0	cyclic hemiketal; macrolide; oxabicycloalkane; thiazolidinone	actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; toxin
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.	2.05	1	0	D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.	2.05	1	0	docosahexaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	algal metabolite; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
palmitoleic acid hexadecenoate : A long-chain unsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexadecenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	2.4	2	0	hexadec-9-enoic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human blood serum metabolite
oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.	4.89	35	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent
tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.	11.81	19	1	macrolide lactam	bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
farnesyl pyrophosphate farnesyl pyrophosphate: a sesquiterpene that dimerizes to SQUALENE; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate : The trans,trans-stereoisomer of farnesyl diphosphate.	2.02	1	0	farnesyl diphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
ferulic acid ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.	3.41	7	0	ferulic acids	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite
pectins Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid.	3.8	3	0	D-galactopyranuronic acid
geranyl pyrophosphate geranyl pyrophosphate: RN given refers to (E)-isomer. geranyl diphosphate : The diphosphate of the polyprenol compound geraniol.	2.02	1	0	polyprenyl diphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
cerivastatin cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	2.05	1	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pyridines; statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).	2.05	1	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidines; statin (synthetic); sulfonamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; cardioprotective agent; CETP inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.	3.72	10	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.	15.86	146	16	icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine: glutamate receptor antagonist. (S)-alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a 4-carboxyphenyl group (the S-enantiomer). It is a non-selective group I/group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist.	2	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.	4.92	36	0	butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	3.12	5	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic
tetragastrin Tetragastrin: L-Tryptophyl-L-methionyl-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninamide. The C-terminal tetrapeptide of gastrin. It is the smallest peptide fragment of gastrin which has the same physiological and pharmacological activity as gastrin.. tetragastrin : A tetrapeptide composed of L-tryptophan, L-methione, L-aspartic acid and L-phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence.	2.66	3	0	peptidyl amide; tetrapeptide	anxiogenic; human metabolite
clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.	4.35	4	1
keratan sulfate Keratan Sulfate: A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. At least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains D-galactose and D-glucosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains D-galactose and D-galactosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit.. keratan sulfate : A sulfated glycosaminoglycan, a linear polymer that consists of the repeating disaccharide [3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1->] and containing sulfo groups located at random positions.. keratan 6'-sulfate : A keratan sulfate with random sulfation at the 6'-position.	2.9	4	0
lycopene [no description available]	3.37	2	0	acyclic carotene	antioxidant; plant metabolite
fosfomycin Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.	2.44	2	0	epoxide; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.	4.83	7	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
drf 2725 ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma	2.05	1	0
gw 3965 GW 3965: a liver X receptor ligand	2.73	3	0	diarylmethane
t0901317 T0901317: an LXRalpha and LXRbeta agonist	2.1	1	0
y 27632 Y 27632: RN given for di-HCl salt; inhibits Rho-associated protein kinase; inhibits calcium sensitization to affect smooth muscle relaxation; structure in first source. Y-27632 : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme.	3.75	10	0	aromatic amide
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group.	4.25	18	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
violaxanthin violaxanthin: a carotene epoxide that is precursor to capsanthin; one of 3 xanthophylls involved in evolution of plastids of green plants (oxygen evolution); 3 (violaxanthin, zeaxanthin & antheraxanthin) participate in series of photo-induced interconversions known as ''violaxanthin cycle''; structure; cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoids (violaxanthin) to xanthoxin, catalyzed by 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, is the key regulatory step of ABSCISIC ACID biosynthesis. violaxanthin : An epoxycarotenol that is 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-5,6:5',6'-diepoxy-beta,beta-carotene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 3'. It is the naturally occurring xanthophyll pigment found in a variety of plants.. all-trans-violaxanthin : The all-trans-stereoisomer of violaxanthin.	2.07	1	0	violaxanthin	food colouring
prostaglandin d2 Prostaglandin D2: The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesized by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects.. prostaglandin D2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins D that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9 and 15 and an oxo group at position 11 (the 5Z,9alpha,13E,15S- stereoisomer).	17.67	644	9	prostaglandins D	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.	4.35	6	0	olefinic compound; polyphenol	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen
6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime: structure in first source. 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin substituted at position 6 by a bromo group and in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.	2.05	1	0
alitretinoin Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.	3.12	5	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; metabolite; retinoid X receptor agonist
roflumilast [no description available]	4.29	5	0	aromatic ether; benzamides; chloropyridine; cyclopropanes; organofluorine compound	anti-asthmatic drug; phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
L-cycloserine L-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora.	2.07	1	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one	anti-HIV agent; anticonvulsant; EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor
h 89 N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	6.48	68	0	N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
afimoxifene afimoxifene : A tertiary amino compound that is tamoxifen in which the phenyl group which is in a Z- relationship to the ethyl substituent is hydroxylated at the para- position. It is the active metabolite of tamoxifen.	2.03	1	0	phenols; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor antagonist; metabolite
imidazolidines [no description available]	3.72	10	0	azacycloalkane; imidazolidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
aclarubicin Aclarubicin: An anthracycline produced by Streptomyces galilaeus. It has potent antineoplastic activity.. aclacinomycin A : An anthracycline antibiotic that is produced by Streptomyces galilaeus and also has potent antineoplastic activity.	1.97	1	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline; methyl ester; phenols; polyketide; tetracenequinones; trisaccharide derivative; zwitterion	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
decitabine [no description available]	3.15	5	0	2'-deoxyribonucleoside
phorbol-12,13-didecanoate phorbol-12,13-didecanoate: RN given refers to (1aR-(1a alpha,1b beta,4a beta,7a alpha,7b alpha,8 alpha,9 beta,9a alpha))-isomer	3.77	11	0
teniposide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside; cyclic acetal; furonaphthodioxole; gamma-lactone; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
iridoids Iridoids: A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES).	3.89	11	0
kt 5720 KT 5720: indolocarbazole; synthetic derivative of K 252a. KT 5720 : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of hexyl (3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (the 2R,3S,5S product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.	3.96	13	0	carboxylic ester; gamma-lactam; hemiaminal; indolocarbazole; organic heterooctacyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary alcohol	EC 2.7.11.11 (cAMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor
12-deoxyphorbol 13-acetate [no description available]	2.07	1	0	phorbol ester	metabolite
laminaran laminaran: beta-1,3-glucan	2.73	3	0
cefamandole Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.	2.1	1	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	6.01	111	0	actinomycin	mutagen
gamma-sitosterol clionasterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is poriferast-5-ene carrying a beta-hydroxy substituent at position 3.	2.92	4	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols	marine metabolite; plant metabolite
tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).	2.41	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug
aphidicolin Aphidicolin: An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.. aphidicolin : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication.	2.69	3	0	tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimicrobial agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; apoptosis inducer; Aspergillus metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite
melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.	3.11	5	0	L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
enkephalin, leucine Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties.	4.46	23	0	pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion	analgesic; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; rat metabolite
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.	3.82	11	0	amino aldehyde; carbamate ester; tripeptide	proteasome inhibitor
tenofovir tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.05	1	0	nucleoside analogue; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
7-methoxyflavone 7-methoxyflavone: an aromatase inhibitor	1.98	1	0	ether; flavonoids
schizandrin schizandrin: a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan; schizandra is the plant name	2.45	2	0
euscaphic acid euscaphic acid: isolated from medicinal plant, Euscaphis japonica Pax.; structure; RN given refers to 2alpha,3alpha-isomer. euscaphic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata.	2.07	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triol	plant metabolite
rubitecan rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
micafungin Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.	2.05	1	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; echinocandin	antiinfective agent
(+)-usnic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	usnic acid
beta, beta-dimethylacrylshikonin, (+)-isomer [no description available]	2.07	1	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
isobutyrylshikonin isobutyrylshikonin: from root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon; structure in first source	2.1	1	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
acetylshikonin acetylshikonin: from roots of Boraginacea; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.11	1	0
shikonin shikonin: a naphthazarin; has antineoplastic and angiogenesis inhibiting activities	2.95	4	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
8-prenylnaringenin 8-prenylnaringenin: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. sophoraflavanone B : A trihydroxyflavanone that is (S)-naringenin having a prenyl group at position 8.	2.05	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; trihydroxyflavanone	plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor
riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).	2.41	2	0	flavin; vitamin B2	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
phorbol 13-monoacetate phorbol 13-monoacetate: RN given refers to (1aR-(1aalpha,1bbeta,4abeta,7aalpha,7balpha,8alpha,9beta,9aalpha)-isomer); RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemlne 11/86	1.97	1	0	phorbol ester
lisofylline lisofylline: metabolite of pentoxifylline; structure given in first source. (R)-lisofylline : A 1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione that has (R)-configuration. A synthetic small molecule which was under development for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.	1.98	1	0	1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione	anti-inflammatory agent; immunomodulator
likviriton liquiritin: isoalted from Glycyrrhizae radix. liquiritin : A flavanone glycoside that is liquiritigenin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4' via a glycosidic linkage.	2.06	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; flavanone glycoside; monohydroxyflavanone; monosaccharide derivative	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; plant metabolite
potassium permanganate Potassium Permanganate: Permanganic acid (HMnO4), potassium salt. A highly oxidative, water-soluble compound with purple crystals, and a sweet taste. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Information, 4th ed)	2.67	3	0
sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.	5.15	11	1	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antacid; food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	NMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
norlevorphanol [no description available]	2.02	1	0
dipyrone Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.	4.49	23	0	organic sodium salt	anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
ditiocarb sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.	4.34	20	0	2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
tolfenamic acid tolfenamic acid: structure. tolfenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl group. Tolfenamic acid is used specifically for relieving the pain of migraine. It also shows anticancer activity.	5.81	12	2	aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3'-methoxyflavone 3'-methoxyflavone : The parent member of the class of 3'-methoxyflavones that is flavone which carries a methoxy group at the 3'-position.	1.98	1	0	3'-methoxyflavones	plant metabolite
5,7,3',4'-tetramethylluteolin 5,7,3',4'-tetramethylluteolin: a flavonoid from the East Asian medicinal plant Orthosiphon spicatus; prevents oxidative inactivation of 15-lipoxygenase; structure given in first source	2.1	1	0
carbenoxolone sodium Carbenoxolone: An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity.	4.27	19	0	triterpenoid
carbenoxolone [no description available]	2.05	1	0
rhapontin rhapontin: constituent of rhubarb rhizome	2.07	1	0	rhaponticin	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
hirsutanone hirsutanone: from methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Viscum cruciatum (Viscaceae)	2.44	2	0	diarylheptanoid
cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.	4.76	11	0	3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes	antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent
elaidic acid [no description available]	2.45	2	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	food component
3-coumaric acid 3-coumaric acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation in Chemline. trans-3-coumaric acid : A 3-coumaric acid that is phenol substituted with trans-2-propenoic acid at position C-3.. 3-coumaric acid : A monohydroxycinnamic acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-3 of the phenyl ring.	2.05	1	0	3-coumaric acid
trans-4-coumaric acid hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring.	4.06	5	0	4-coumaric acid	food component; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
anethole anethole: an isomer of estragole; structurally similar to CAPSAICIN; has some neurological and insecticidal and skin absorption effects; RN given refers to unspecified stereoisomer. anethole : A monomethoxybenzene that is methoxybenzene substituted by a prop-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.. trans-anethole : The trans-stereoisomer of anethole.	2.08	1	0	anethole	flavouring agent
geraniol [no description available]	2.52	2	0	3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol; monoterpenoid; primary alcohol	allergen; fragrance; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
dimethyl fumarate [no description available]	2.52	2	0	diester; enoate ester; methyl ester	antipsoriatic; immunomodulator
glycosides [no description available]	4.73	28	0
chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.	4.48	23	0	chalcone	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
sinapinic acid sinapinic acid: a matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption technique for protein MW determination; a constituent of propolis. trans-sinapic acid : A sinapic acid in which the double bond has trans-configuration.	2.94	3	0	sinapic acid	MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite
isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	4.31	19	0	isomethyleugenol
isosafrole isosafrole: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0	benzodioxoles
piplartine piplartine: Antineoplastic Agent, Phytogenic; alkaloid from Piper; structure in first source	2.17	1	0	cinnamamides; dicarboximide
citral citral: Xref geranial: geraniol is also available; Xref neral: nerol is also available; vitamin A antagonist; oxygenated monoterpene; inhibits cytosolic dehydrogenases; structure. citral : An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange.	2.49	2	0	enal; monoterpenoid; polyprenal	plant metabolite; volatile oil component
beta-ionone beta-ionone: stimulator of carotenogenesis; carotenoid inhibitor; intermediate in synthesis of Vit A; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. beta-ionone : An ionone that is but-3-en-2-one substituted by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.	2.08	1	0	ionone	antioxidant; fragrance
piperine piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum.	3.18	5	0	benzodioxoles; N-acylpiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary carboxamide	food component; human blood serum metabolite; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite
retinol acetate retinol acetate: structure given in first source	2.4	2	0	acetate ester
squalene Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate	2.75	3	0	triterpene	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	8.06	67	1	stilbene
2'-hydroxychalcone 2'-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2'.	2.43	2	0	chalcones; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent
isoliquiritigenin [no description available]	3.15	5	0	chalcones	antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; GABA modulator; geroprotector; metabolite; NMDA receptor antagonist
phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone: a spin-trapping agent	2.43	2	0
curvularin curvularin: from Penicillium Baradicum Baghdadi; structure	2.15	1	0
picibanil Picibanil: A lyophilized preparation of a low-virulence strain (SU) of Streptococcus pyogenes (S. hemolyticus), inactivated by heating with penicillin G. It has been proposed as a noncytotoxic antineoplastic agent because of its immune system-stimulating activity.	4.13	16	0	penicillinate anion
2-methoxycinnamaldehyde 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde: inhibits growth & mycotoxin production in fungi; structure	2.43	2	0	cinnamaldehydes
cardamonin cardamonin: found in Zingiberaceae; structure in first source	2.73	3	0	chalcones
sorbic acid Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring.	2.1	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; sorbic acid
rauwolscine Rauwolscine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.	2.07	1	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate
discodermolide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	diterpenoid
ricinoleic acid ricinoleic acid: RN given refers to (R-(Z))-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8005. ricinoleic acid : A (9Z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid in which the 12-hydroxy group has R-configuration..	2.67	3	0	(9Z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid
cannabidiol Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.	5.54	8	0	olefinic compound; phytocannabinoid; resorcinols	antimicrobial agent; plant metabolite
buprenorphine Buprenorphine: A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.. buprenorphine : A morphinane alkaloid that is 7,8-dihydromorphine 6-O-methyl ether in which positions 6 and 14 are joined by a -CH2CH2- bridge, one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl, and a hydrogen at position 7 is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl group. It is highly effective for the treatment of opioid use disorder and is also increasingly being used in the treatment of chronic pain.	3.81	2	1	morphinane alkaloid	delta-opioid receptor antagonist; kappa-opioid receptor antagonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
lypressin Lypressin: The porcine antidiuretic hormone (VASOPRESSINS). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from ARG-VASOPRESSIN by one amino acid, containing a LYSINE at residue 8 instead of an ARGININE. Lys-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.	3.36	7	0	cyclic peptide
arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.	14.06	204	6	vasopressin	cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen
pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.	2.89	4	0	diphosphate ion
palmitoyl coenzyme a Palmitoyl Coenzyme A: A fatty acid coenzyme derivative which plays a key role in fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis.. palmitoyl-CoA : A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the thiol group of coenzyme A.	2.02	1	0	11,12-saturated fatty acyl-CoA; 3-substituted propionyl-CoA; long-chain fatty acyl-CoA; palmitoyl bioconjugate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
etorphine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	alcohol; morphinane alkaloid	opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; sedative
gw9662 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide: pretreatment of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors with GW9662 results in the irreversible loss of ligand binding	4.63	9	0	benzamides
triiodothyronine, reverse [no description available]	2.01	1	0	3,3',5'-triiodothyronine; amino acid zwitterion
amygdalin [no description available]	2.03	1	0
amygdalin (R)-amygdalin : An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.	2.07	1	0	amygdalin	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
trilostane trilostane: inhibits conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone; adrenal blocking agent used in treatment of Cushing's syndrome. trilostane : An epoxy steroid that is 3,17beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-androst-2-ene-2-carbonitrile in which the oxygen of the epoxy group is joined to the 4alpha and 5 alpha positions.	3.27	6	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; epoxy steroid; nitrile	abortifacient; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.210 [3beta(or 20alpha)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase] inhibitor
methylatropine methylatropine: RN given refers to endo-(+-)-isomer; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3766	1.96	1	0
canrenoic acid Canrenoic Acid: A synthetic pregnadiene derivative with anti-aldosterone activity.	4.32	2	2	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid
polidocanol Polidocanol: An alkyl polyglycol ether of LAURYL ALCOHOL, chemically defined as an alcohol ethoxylate having an average alkyl chain of 12–14 carbon atoms, and an ethylene oxide chain of 9 ethylene oxide units. It is used as a detergent, and medically as a local anesthetic, and as a sclerosing agent for the treatment of ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC VARICES and VARICOSE VEINS.. polidocanol : A hydroxypolyether that is nonaethylene glycol in which one of the terminal hydroxy functions is substituted by a lauryl (dodecyl) group.	2.37	2	0	hydroxypolyether	hepatotoxic agent; nonionic surfactant; sclerotherapy agent
iothalamate meglumine Iothalamate Meglumine: A radiopaque medium used for urography, angiography, venography, and myelography. It is highly viscous and binds to plasma proteins.	1.97	1	0	amidobenzoic acid
tropisetron Tropisetron: An indole derivative and 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist that is used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting.. tropisetron : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of tropine.	2.7	3	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
sodium metabisulfite sodium metabisulfite: request from searcher; RN given refers to disulfurous acid, di-Na salt. sodium disulfite : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and disulfite ions in a 2:1 ratio.	3.8	2	1	inorganic sodium salt	food antioxidant
tram 34 TRAM 34: inhibits IKCa1; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	organochlorine compound
hydrastine, (r-(r,s))-isomer [no description available]	2.07	1	0	isoquinolines
isopropyl thiogalactoside Isopropyl Thiogalactoside: A non-metabolizable galactose analog that induces expression of the LAC OPERON.. isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside : An S-glycosyl compound consisting of beta-D-1-thiogalactose having an isopropyl group attached to the anomeric sulfur.	2.41	2	0	S-glycosyl compound
leuprolide Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	1.99	1	0	oligopeptide	anti-estrogen; antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.	3.1	5	0	pyrimidinethione	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antimetabolite; antioxidant; antithyroid drug; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; hormone antagonist
nsc 4347 NSC 4347: structure in first source	2.78	3	0
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine [no description available]	3.09	5	0
prothionamide Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.	2.05	1	0	pyridines
sesquiterpenes [no description available]	7.06	59	0
chlorprothixene Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.	2.07	1	0	chlorprothixene
doxepin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.1	1	0
etomidate Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.	2.47	2	0	ethyl ester; imidazoles	intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.	2.69	3	0	aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
methylthiouracil Methylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	2.07	1	0	pyrimidone
vasicine vasicine: RN given refers to (R)-isomer	2.07	1	0
sb 366791 N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamanilide: a TRPV1 antagonist; structure in first source	2.06	1	0
ag-213 tyrphostin 47: inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-R both in vitro and in living cells;	2.69	3	0
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5.	3.14	5	0	catechols; polyphenol; resorcinols; stilbenol	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
bemesetron [no description available]	3.34	6	0
2-[[2-furanyl(oxo)methyl]amino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester [no description available]	3.19	1	0	organosulfur heterocyclic compound
1-methyltryptophan 1-methyltryptophan: an immunomodulator. 1-methyltryptophan : A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan carrying a single methyl substituent at position 1 on the indole.	2.06	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
crotamiton [no description available]	2.07	1	0
caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.	4.04	14	0	caffeic acid	geroprotector; mouse metabolite
isoferulic acid isoferulic acid: isomer of ferulic acid; structure. isoferulic acid : A ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring.	2.1	1	0	ferulic acids	antioxidant; biomarker; metabolite
alpha-naphthyl thiourea alpha-naphthyl thiourea: structure	2.88	4	0	naphthalenes
ethyl ferulate ethyl ferulate: structure in first source	2.31	1	0
urocanic acid Urocanic Acid: 4-Imidazoleacrylic acid.. urocanic acid : An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is prop-2-enoic acid substituted by a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. It is a metabolite of hidtidine.. trans-urocanic acid : A urocanic acid in which the double bond of the carboxyethene moiety has E configuration.	3.4	7	0	urocanic acid	human metabolite
2,4,6-trimethyl-n-(meta-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide 2,4,6-trimethyl-N-(meta-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide: stimulates phospholipase C; structure in first source	2.08	1	0	sulfonamide
5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-furanpropionic acid 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-furanpropionic acid: related to orpanoxin; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine: acts on macrophage migration inhibitory factor; structure in first source. 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine : A member of the class of pyrimidines carrying iodo and phenyl substituents at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	2.31	1	0	biaryl; organoiodine compound; pyrimidines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; macrophage migration inhibitory factor inhibitor
isoeugenol trans-isoeugenol : The trans-stereoisomer of isoeugenol.	2.07	1	0	isoeugenol	plant metabolite
cotinine Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.	5.1	10	1	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid	antidepressant; biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
heliotrine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	pyrrolizines
sclareolide [no description available]	2.07	1	0	naphthofuran
flunarizine Flunarizine: Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.	2.41	2	0	diarylmethane
thiothixene [no description available]	2.07	1	0	N-methylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent
dieldrin Dieldrin: An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB). dieldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of aldrin. It is the active metabolite of the proinsecticde aldrin.	2.72	3	0	epoxide; organochlorine compound; organochlorine insecticide	carcinogenic agent; xenobiotic
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	11.92	59	4	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
hypocrellin b hypocrellin B: photosensitive pigments isolated from Hypocrella bambusae Sacc; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
hc 030031 2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-7H-purin-7-yl)-N-(4-isopropylphenyl)acetamide: a TRPA1 channel blocker	2.49	2	0
benztropine Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	2.4	2	0	diarylmethane
methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.	2.91	4	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones	antithyroid drug
urb 597 cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester: a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.49	2	0	biphenyls
cinnarizine Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.	2.39	2	0	diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine; olefinic compound	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
sulindac Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.	11.79	76	12	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.	10.45	143	5	capsaicinoid	non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
enclomiphene Enclomiphene: The trans or (E)-isomer of clomiphene.	4.68	9	0
metiamide Metiamide: A histamine H2 receptor antagonist that is used as an anti-ulcer agent.	2.88	4	0	imidazoles
terbinafine [no description available]	2.75	3	0	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
n-(fluorenyl-9-methoxycarbonyl)leucine N-(fluorenyl-9-methoxycarbonyl)leucine: a leumedin; RN given for (L)-isomer	2.02	1	0
aurapten aurapten: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. auraptene : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a geranyl group. Ii is isolated from several edible fruits and vegetables and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties.	2.48	2	0	coumarins; monoterpenoid	antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; dopaminergic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; gamma-secretase modulator; gastrointestinal drug; hepatoprotective agent; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; PPARalpha agonist; vulnerary
3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone 3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone: a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitor; structure in first source	2.1	1	0
oxazolone Oxazolone: Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent.	3.39	7	0
chlorogenic acid caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	4.35	18	0	cinnamate ester; tannin	food component; plant metabolite
2,6-bis(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone 2,6-bis(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone: an anti-inflammatory agent that down-regulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression; structure in first source	2.06	1	0
3-(2,5-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrrolyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	pyrroles
thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
thiobarbituric acid thiobarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-thiobarbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid in which the oxygen at C-2 is replaced by sulfur.	2.68	3	0	barbiturates	allergen; reagent
1,3-dimethylthiourea [no description available]	2	1	0
2-mercaptothiazoline [no description available]	2.01	1	0
tacrine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0
thiosemicarbazide thiosemicarbazide: glutamate decarboxylase antagonist; structure given in first source. hydrazinecarbothioamide : A member of the class of thioureas that is thiourea in which a hydrogen of one of the amino groups is replaced by an amino group.	2.05	1	0	hydrazines; thiocarboxamide; thioureas
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	4.12	16	0	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
sodium propionate sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	antifungal drug; food preservative
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	4.09	15	0	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
thioacetamide Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur.	2.45	2	0	thiocarboxamide	hepatotoxic agent
tempo TEMPO: structure. TEMPO : A member of the class of aminoxyls that is piperidine that carries an oxidanediyl group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 2, 2, 6, and 6, respectively.	2.45	2	0	aminoxyls; piperidines	catalyst; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	3.88	12	0	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
n-hydroxy-n'-(4-butyl-2-methylphenyl)formamidine HET0016: 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid synthesis inhibitor	2.03	1	0	toluenes
bml 241 BML 241: inhibits increase of intracellular calcium ion concentration; conflicting evidence of whether it acts on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors	2.11	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid
streptozocin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
capsazepine capsazepine: modified capsaicin molecule; a capsaicin receptor antagonist. capsazepine : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist.	4.32	19	0	benzazepine; catechols; monochlorobenzenes; thioureas	capsaicin receptor antagonist
fumonisin b1 fumonisin B1: isolated from Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting activity; inhibits ceramide synthase. fumonisin B1 : A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol.	2.92	4	0	diester; fumonisin; primary amino compound; triol	carcinogenic agent; metabolite
fumonisin b2 fumonisin B2: produced by Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting ability. fumonisin B2 : A fumonisin that is (2S,3S,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,14,15-triol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 have each been esterified by condensation with the 1-carboxy group of 3-carboxyglutaric acid (giving a 3-carboxyglutarate ester group with R configuration in each case).	2.07	1	0	diester; diol; fumonisin; primary amino compound	Aspergillus metabolite; carcinogenic agent
1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole 1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole: intermediate in the synthesis of imidazolineoxyl N-oxides; partial structure given in first source	2.48	2	0	benzoic acid; imidazolines; organic radical	apoptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide: partial structure given in first source; endothelium-derived relaxing factor antagonist	2.06	1	0
tamoxifen [no description available]	5.6	23	0	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
sodium taurodeoxycholate Taurodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier.. taurodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.. taurodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurodeoxycholic acid.	2.68	3	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside 4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucoside : A beta-D-glucoside having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position.	2.1	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative	chromogenic compound
indoxyl glucuronide indoxyl glucuronide: substrate for the detection of E coli in urine	2.02	1	0	glucosiduronic acid
nadp [no description available]	5.6	24	0
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)	3.66	9	0
yoda 1 yoda-1: small molecule activator of Piezo-1. yoda 1 : A member of the class of thiadiazoles that is 1,3,4-thiadiazole substituted by pyrazin-2-yl and (2,6-dichlorobenzyl)sulfanediyl groups at positions 2 and 5, respectively. It is a selective activator of mechanosensitive channel piezo1.	2.31	1	0	aromatic compound; dichlorobenzene; organic sulfide; pyrazines; thiadiazoles	glycine transporter 2 inhibitor; piezo1 agonist
ethionamide Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.	2.47	2	0	pyridines; thiocarboxamide	antilipemic drug; antitubercular agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor; leprostatic drug; prodrug
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2h-tetrazolium 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium: structure given in first source	2.08	1	0
t 0070907 T 0070907: a PPARgamma antagonist; structure in first source	2.46	2	0	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
sc 514 SC 514: inhibits IkappaB kinase-2; structure in first source	2.06	1	0	ring assembly; thiophenes
nitrobenzanthrone 3-nitrobenzanthrone: mutagenic environmental contaminant; structure in first source	2.21	1	0	phenanthrenes
krn 7000 KRN 7000: has an alpha-galactosylceramide structure; structure given in first source. alpha-galactosylceramide : A galactosylceramide in which the galactosyl residue has alpha anomeric conofiguration.. 1-O-(alpha-D-galactosyl)-N-hexacosanoylphytosphingosine : A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.	3.02	4	0	glycophytoceramide; N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylphytosphingosine	allergen; antigen; antineoplastic agent; epitope; immunological adjuvant
2,2'-[3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediyl]bis(1H-benzimidazole) 1-(2,3-dibenzimidazol-2-ylpropyl)-2-methoxybenzene: a Syk inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	benzimidazoles
fusidic acid Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.	2.05	1	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid; steroid antibiotic; sterol ester	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
scopolamine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	3-hydroxy carboxylic acid
tetrachlorodecaoxide tetrachlorodecaoxide: stimulates wound healing; consists of chlorine, oxygen complexes	1.97	1	0
lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.	2.07	1	0	carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
rhyncophylline rhyncophylline: an oxindole; RN given refers to (7beta,16E,20alpha)-isomer	2.82	3	0
valinomycin Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.	2.4	2	0	cyclodepsipeptide; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; antiviral agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
thiopental Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	4.28	4	1	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative; xenobiotic
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	5.41	14	1	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
ranitidine Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.	8.89	34	6	C-nitro compound; furans; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; H2-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
hmr 3647 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
maraviroc [no description available]	2.07	1	0	tropane alkaloid
toremifene Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amine	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
u 0126 U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	4.72	28	0	aryl sulfide; dinitrile; enamine; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; osteogenesis regulator; vasoconstrictor agent
8,8'-bieckol 8,8'-bieckol: structure given in first source; antiplasmin antagonist	2.1	1	0
dieckol dieckol: found in brown Eisenia and Ecklonia algae, have several pharmacologically beneficial effects such as anti-inflammation; structure in first source. dieckol : A phlorotannin isolated from a brown alga Ecklonia cava which exhibits antioxidant, hepatoprotective and anticoagulant activities.	2.44	2	0	aromatic ether; oxacycle; phlorotannin	anticoagulant; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; radical scavenger
telaprevir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cyclopentapyrrole; cyclopropanes; oligopeptide; pyrazines	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic
4-diphenylacetoxy-n-methylpiperidine methiodide 4-DAMP methiodide : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by combining equimolar amounts of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine and iodomethane.	3.34	6	0	iodide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
n-bromotaurine N-bromotaurine: cpd able to kill the schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni	2.49	2	0
4,5-dihydro-6-(4-(imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)-5-methyl-3(2h)-pyridazinone 4,5-dihydro-6-(4-(imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)-5-methyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone: RN & structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
bms 387032 N-(5-(((5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-oxazolyl)methyl)thio)-2-thiazolyl)-4-piperidinecarboxamide: a CDK2 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. N-(5-{[(5-tert-butyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidine-4-carboxamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of piperidine-4-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 5-{[(5-tert-butyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-amine. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of CDK2, CDK7 and CDK9 kinases and exhibits anti-cancer properties.	2.03	1	0	1,3-oxazoles; 1,3-thiazoles; organic sulfide; piperidinecarboxamide; secondary carboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.	7.49	27	2	alkali metal atom
cobaltous chloride cobaltous chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; RN in Chemline for cobalt trichloride: 10241-04-0; RN for 60-labeled cpd: 14543-09-0; RN for 57-labeled cpd: 164113-89-1; RN for 58-labeled cpd: 29377-09-1; structure. cobalt dichloride : A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is chloride. It is used as an indicator for water in desiccants.	3.8	11	0	cobalt salt; inorganic chloride	allergen; calcium channel blocker; sensitiser; two-colour indicator
nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen Dioxide: Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface.	3.71	10	0	nitrogen oxide
cupric glycinate cupric glycinate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.98	1	0
dimethyl-heptyl tetrahydrocannabinol dimethyl-heptyl tetrahydrocannabinol: structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
dermatan sulfate Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.	3.36	7	0	amino disaccharide; glycosylgalactose derivative; iduronic acids; oligosaccharide sulfate
nizatidine Nizatidine: A histamine H2 receptor antagonist with low toxicity that inhibits gastric acid secretion. The drug is used for the treatment of duodenal ulcers.. nizatidine : A member of the class of 1,3-thiazoles having a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at position 2 and an alkylthiomethyl moiety at position 4.	4.62	3	2
droloxifene [no description available]	2.42	2	0	stilbenoid
raclopride Raclopride: A substituted benzamide that has antipsychotic properties. It is a dopamine D2 receptor (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D2) antagonist.	1.98	1	0	salicylamides
dolasetron [no description available]	2.1	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
or 1259 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrazone; nitrile; pyridazinone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
almokalant almokalant: structure given in first source	2.46	2	0
gestodene Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer	2.05	1	0	steroid	estrogen
orlistat Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.	2.47	2	0	beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative	anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene idoxifene: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
quinine [no description available]	3.09	5	0	cinchona alkaloid	antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic
aprikalim [no description available]	1.99	1	0
kaurenoic acid kaurenoic acid: isolated from leaves of Montanoa tomentosa; structure given in first source. ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid : An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is ent-kauran-19-oic acid in which a double bond is present at position 16(17); exhibits anticancer and anti-HIV 1 activity.	2.06	1	0
mitragynine [no description available]	2.06	1	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester [no description available]	3.81	11	0
12-deoxyphorbolphenylacetate-20-acetate [no description available]	2.07	1	0
glycodeoxycholic acid Glycodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.	1.98	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
mdl 72527 MDL 72527: RN given refers to di-HCl; RN for parent cpd not available 6/85; polyamine oxidase inhibitor	1.99	1	0
rtki cpd RTKI cpd: preferentially inhibits human glioma cells expressing truncated rather than wild-type epidermal growth factor receptors	3.66	9	0
9-diazomethylanthracene 9-diazomethylanthracene: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index	1.97	1	0
brassinin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	dithiocarbamic ester; indole phytoalexin
e 6123 E 6123: platelet activating factor antagonist	2.69	3	0
gea 3162 GEA 3162: structure given in first source; a nitric oxide-releasing compound	2	1	0
bradykinin, met-lys- [no description available]	2.38	2	0
taxifolin-3-glucopyranoside taxifolin-3-glucopyranoside: from root-sprouts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb; structure given in first source	2.06	1	0
8-bromoguanosino-3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate [no description available]	2.42	2	0
l 652343 L 652343: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
thioperamide thioperamide: structure given in first source; histamine H3 receptor antagonist	2.91	4	0	primary aliphatic amine
cystine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
u-50488 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer: A non-peptide, kappa-opioid receptor agonist which has also been found to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropin (ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE) via the release of hypothalamic arginine vasopressin (ARGININE VASOPRESSIN) and CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997;280(1):416-21). U50488 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid and the secondary amino group of (1R,2R)-N-methyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)cyclohexanamine	3.65	9	0	dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-alkylpyrrolidine	analgesic; antitussive; calcium channel blocker; diuretic; kappa-opioid receptor agonist
sch 23390 SCH 23390: a selective D1-receptor antagonist. SCH 23390 : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1, a methyl substituent at position 3, a chloro substituent at position 7 and a hydroxy substituent at position 8.	3.32	6	0	benzazepine
n(6)-benzoyl-cyclic amp [no description available]	2.7	3	0
ifetroban ifetroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; a 7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptane derivative	2.44	2	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
chaetomellic acid a chaetomellic acid A: structure given in first source; an inhibitor of farnesyl-protein transferase	2.07	1	0
hirsutine [no description available]	2.48	2	0
vx-745 [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aryl sulfide; dichlorobenzene; difluorobenzene; pyrimidopyridazine	anti-inflammatory drug; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
3-deoxyvasicine, hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
sr140333b SR140333B: a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist	2.82	3	0
rasagiline [no description available]	2	1	0	indanes; secondary amine; terminal acetylenic compound	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
ketazocine ketazocine: RN given refers to parent cpd(2S-(2alpha,6alpha,11S*))-isomer	1.96	1	0
byakangelicol byakangelicol: RN given for (R)-isomer; structure in first source	2.01	1	0	psoralens
safingol safingol: RN given refers to the (R-(R,S))-isomer	1.97	1	0	amino alcohol
deracoxib SC 046: structure in first source. deracoxib : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3, and 5 by 4-sulfamoylphenyl, difluoromethyl and 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl groups, respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs.	2.96	4	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
4-(3-3,4-p-menthadien-(1,8)-yl)olivetol 4-(3-3,4-p-menthadien-(1,8)-yl)olivetol: has vasodilating activity	2.03	1	0
dasatinib N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).	2.07	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; aminopyrimidine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
emetine dihydrochloride emetine dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of emetine.. emetine dihydrochloride hydrate : A hydrate that is the monohydrate of the dihydrochloride salt of emetine.	2.07	1	0	hydrochloride	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; protein synthesis inhibitor
2-aminohippuric acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	N-acylglycine
orthoclase orthoclase: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Al-H-O8-Si3-K	2.02	1	0
carbonyl 3-chlorophenylhydrazone carbonyl 3-chlorophenylhydrazone: inhibitor of ATP synthesis; inhibits iron-containing nitrile hydratases	2.02	1	0
lysine clonixinate lysine clonixinate: a non-morphinic analgesic. clonixin lysine salt : An organoammonium salt obtained by combining clonixin with one molar equivalent of L-lysine. Used for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks.	2.4	2	0	organoammonium salt	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
ent-8-hydroxylabda-13(16),14-diene ent-8-hydroxylabda-13(16),14-diene: thromboxane B2 and leukotriene B4 antagonist isolated from the Spanish herb Sideritis javalambrensis	1.99	1	0
sr 144528 SR 144528: a CB2 cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure in first source. SR 144528 : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of (1S,2S,4R)-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-amine. A potent and selective cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2 receptor) inverse agonist (Ki = 0.6 nM).	3.67	3	0	bridged compound; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles; secondary carboxamide	CB2 receptor antagonist; EC 2.3.1.26 (sterol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor
zd 6474 CH 331: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; organobromine compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines; secondary amine	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
ay 23626 AY 23626: prostaglandin E2 agonist	1.97	1	0
phillygenin phillygenin: cytoprotective lignan from Forsythia suspensa; structure in first source	2.31	1	0
cactinomycin cactinomycin: a mixture of dactinomycin, actinomycin C2, and actinomycin C3	2.37	2	0
amanitins Amanitins: Cyclic peptides extracted from carpophores of various mushroom species. They are potent inhibitors of RNA polymerases in most eukaryotic species, blocking the production of mRNA and protein synthesis. These peptides are important in the study of transcription. Alpha-amanitin is the main toxin from the species Amanitia phalloides, poisonous if ingested by humans or animals.	1.98	1	0
cytellin cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982	2.92	4	0
wogonoside wogonoside: from Scutellaria baicalensis; structure in first source. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of wogonin.	2.49	2	0	beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monohydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative
substance p [no description available]	2.38	2	0	pentapeptide
salinomycin salinomycin: from Streptomyces albus; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.07	1	0	polyketide; spiroketal	animal growth promotant; potassium ionophore
gigantol gigantol: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ginsenosides ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.	6.51	22	0
riopan [no description available]	1.97	1	0
quinagolide quinagolide: structure & RN given in first source; a non-ergot dopamine D(2)-agonist	3.18	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
ru 42173 RU 42173: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	benzazepine
2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine 2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine: A2 adenosine receptor agonist; structure given in first source. CGS-21680 : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and the hydrogen at position 2 on the adenine is replaced by a 4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino group.	3.26	6	0	adenosines; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; monocarboxylic acid	adenosine A2A receptor agonist; anti-inflammatory agent
silybin [no description available]	2.47	2	0
[1-(3-methylphenyl)-5-benzimidazolyl]-(1-piperidinyl)methanone [no description available]	2.1	1	0	benzimidazoles
phosphothreonine Phosphothreonine: The phosphoric acid ester of threonine. Used as an identifier in the analysis of peptides, proteins, and enzymes.. O-phospho-L-threonine : A L-threonine derivative phosphorylated at the side-chain hydroxy function.	1.98	1	0	L-threonine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; O-phosphoamino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	8.51	75	2
4-aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid 4-aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid: an antinociceptive agent and metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist; structure given in first source	2.4	2	0
sw033291 SW033291: inhibits 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH)	3.5	6	0
rs-130830 RS-130830: orally-active broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor	2.07	1	0
gw 7647 GW 7647: a PPAR-alpha agonist; structure in first source. GW 7647 : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-(phenylsulfanyl)isobutyric acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at the para- position by a 3-aza-7-cyclohexylhept-1-yl group in which the nitrogen is acylated by a (cyclohexylamino)carbonyl group.	2.04	1	0	aryl sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; ureas	PPARalpha agonist
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	5.4	4	1	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
fh535 FH535: inhibits Wnt signaling	2.79	3	0	sulfonamide
blister blebbistatin: structure in first source. blebbistatin : A pyrroloquinoline that is 1,2,3,3a-tetrahydro-H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3a, a methyl group at position 6 and a phenyl group at position 1. It acts as an inhibitor of ATPase activity of non-muscle myosin II.	2.11	1	0	cyclic ketone; pyrroloquinoline; tertiary alcohol; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	inhibitor
crocin crocin: a free radical scavenger	2.05	1	0
1-(2-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1h-benzimidazole 1-(2-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1H-benzimidazole: targets 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein to inhibit leukotriene biosynthesis; structure in first source	2.17	1	0
valyl-leucyl-lysine 4-nitroanilide valyl-leucyl-lysine 4-nitroanilide: chromogenic substrate of plasmin; H-D-Val-Leu-Lys- 4-nitroaniline	1.98	1	0
mtt formazan MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes	2.43	2	0
chloramine-t chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.	2.4	2	0	organic sodium salt	allergen; antifouling biocide; disinfectant
2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine 2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine: activates mGlu(5) receptors; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
l 663536 MK-886: orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. 3-[3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a isopropyl group at position 5, a tert-butylsulfanediyl group at position 3, a 4-chlorobenzyl group at position 1 and a 2-carboxy-2-methylpropyl group at position 2. It acts as an inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.	4.73	29	0	aryl sulfide; indoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist
rs 102221 [no description available]	3.19	5	0	aromatic ketone
6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool.	2.93	4	0	quinoxaline derivative
zinc protoporphyrin ix [no description available]	2.97	4	0
sb 225002 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	nitrophenol
fg 9041 FG 9041: structure given in first source	2.45	2	0	quinoxaline derivative
alizarin red s Alizarin Red S: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. alizarin red S : An organic sodium salt having 3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-sulfonate as the counterion. It is commonly used to stain embryo skeletons in cleared whole mounts, usually of small mammals.	2.1	1	0	organic sodium salt; organosulfonate salt	histological dye
alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.	2.68	3	0
nvp 231 [no description available]	2.1	1	0
4-benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione 4-benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione: a GSK3beta inhibitor. TDZD-8 : A member of the class of thiadiazolidines that is 1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione which is substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and by a benzyl group at position 4. It is a non-ATP competitive inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta). An experimental compound which was being developed for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.13	1	0	benzenes; thiadiazolidine	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
sb 415286 3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylamino)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.46	2	0	C-nitro compound; maleimides; monochlorobenzenes; phenols; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.	4.3	18	0
d 609 [no description available]	2.69	3	0
am 630 iodopravadoline: an aminoalkylindole; a competitive cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	5.17	5	0	N-acylindole
sc 560 SC560 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1.	6.52	70	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; pyrazoles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
sodium borohydride sodium borohydride: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.37	2	0	inorganic sodium salt; metal tetrahydridoborate
hydroxyethylcellulose hydroxyethylcellulose: component of contact lens wetting solutions; aldiamed is an artificial saliva; RN given refers to parent cpd. hydroxyethylcellulose : A polysaccharide derivative that is cellulose in which hydroxyethyl groups are bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers.	6.96	1	0
sc-19220 [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aromatic ether
sitagliptin sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	2.07	1	0	triazolopyrazine; trifluorobenzene	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; hypoglycemic agent; serine proteinase inhibitor; xenobiotic
osteoprotegerin Osteoprotegerin: A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B.	9.4	88	2	long-chain fatty acid
cathepsin g Cathepsin G: A serine protease found in the azurophil granules of NEUTROPHILS. It has an enzyme specificity similar to that of chymotrypsin C.	2.68	3	0
3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol 3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol: (-)-CP-55,940 and (+)-CP-56,667 are enantiomers; RN refers to CP-55,940	2.04	1	0	alkylbenzene; ring assembly
icodextrin Icodextrin: A glucan that is structurally related to maltodextrin, with more than 85% of its molecules having molecular weights between 1640 and 45 000 Daltons (Da), and a weight-average molecular weight of about 20 000 Da; it is used in dialysis fluids as an alternative to glucose-based solutions, and to reduce adhesions after gynecological or abdominal surgery. It has also been used as a vehicle for drugs given via the peritoneal cavity.	1.99	1	0
flosequinan [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinolines
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide: a TGF-beta type I receptor kinase activity inhibitor	2.78	3	0	benzamides; benzodioxoles; imidazoles; pyridines	EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
rhodamine 123 Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.	2.02	1	0	organic cation; xanthene dye	fluorochrome
tolcapone Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.	2.47	2	0	2-nitrophenols; benzophenones; catechols	antiparkinson drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
myelin basic protein Myelin Basic Protein: An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes.	3.09	5	0
jnj 7777120 1-((5-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl)-4-methylpiperazine: an H4 receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
alsterpaullone alsterpaullone: structure in first source. alsterpaullone : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1-benzazepin-2-one which shares its 4-5 bond with the 3-2 bond of 5-nitro-1H-indole.	2.43	2	0	C-nitro compound; caprolactams; organic heterotetracyclic compound	anti-HIV-1 agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor
2-mercaptoacetate 2-mercaptoacetate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.08	1	0	monocarboxylic acid anion
diethyl maleate diethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis.	3.06	5	0	ethyl ester; maleate ester	glutathione depleting agent
ginkgetin ginkgetin: from Cephalotaxus drupacea; biflavone; active against HSV-1; structure given in first source. ginkgetin : A biflavonoid that is the 7,4'-dimethyl ether derivative of amentoflavone. Isolated from Ginkgo biloba and Dioon, it exhibits anti-HSV-1, antineoplastic and inhibitory activities towards arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase 2.	2.74	3	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; methoxyflavone; ring assembly	anti-HSV-1 agent; antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; metabolite
5,6-dehydrokawain 5,6-dehydrokawain: from Alpinia speciosa rhizoma; RN given for cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	2-pyranones; aromatic ether
9,10-dihydrolysergol 9,10-dihydrolysergol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.07	1	0
geranylgeranic acid geranylgeranic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranic acid : A diterpenoid obtained by formal oxidation of the CH2OH group of (E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol to the corresponding carboxylic acid.	2.07	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; diterpenoid; methyl-branched fatty acid; trienoic fatty acid
sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.	6.32	48	0	sphing-4-enine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quercetin [no description available]	5.24	48	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
bilirubin [no description available]	3.89	12	0	biladienes; dicarboxylic acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.	23.65	2,619	93	monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
bergaptol 5-hydroxyfurocoumarin : A furanocoumarin which bears a hydroxy group at position 5.	2.11	1	0	5-hydroxyfurocoumarin; psoralens
coniferin coniferin : A monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.	2	1	0	aromatic ether; cinnamyl alcohol beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative	plant metabolite
biochanin a [no description available]	2.75	3	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
formononetin [no description available]	3.18	5	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
leukotriene a4 Leukotriene A4: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta(1E,3E,5Z,8Z)))-3-(1,3,5,8-Tetradecatetraenyl)oxiranebutanoic acid. An unstable allylic epoxide, formed from the immediate precursor 5-HPETE via the stereospecific removal of a proton at C-10 and dehydration. Its biological actions are determined primarily by its metabolites, i.e., LEUKOTRIENE B4 and cysteinyl-leukotrienes. Alternatively, leukotriene A4 is converted into LEUKOTRIENE C4 by glutathione-S-transferase or into 5,6-di-HETE by the epoxide-hydrolase. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene A4 : A leukotriene that is the (5S,6S)-epoxy derivative of (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid.	2.38	2	0	epoxy fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid; oxylipin; polyunsaturated fatty acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
prostaglandin b1 prostaglandin Bx: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; polymeric derivative of diketo-PGB1; mean MW 2,200. prostaglandin B1 : A member of the class of prostaglandins B that is prosta-8(12),13-dien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 15 respectively (the 13E,15S-stereoisomer).	2.69	3	0	prostaglandins B	human metabolite
sterigmatocystin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	sterigmatocystins	metabolite
arachidonyltrifluoromethane arachidonyltrifluoromethane: structure given in first source; inhibits 85-kDa phospholipase A2. AACOCF3 : A fatty acid derivative that is arachidonic acid in which the OH part of the carboxy group has been replaced by a trifluoromethyl group	4.42	21	0	fatty acid derivative; ketone; olefinic compound; organofluorine compound	EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor
tylosin [no description available]	2.1	1	0	aldehyde; disaccharide derivative; enone; leucomycin; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative	allergen; bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
vitexin [no description available]	3.04	4	0	C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor
acacetin 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin.	2.07	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone	anticonvulsant; plant metabolite
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	4.47	21	0	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
luteolin [no description available]	4.38	19	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
linoleic acid Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry.	11.47	94	7	octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite
calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes	11.3	201	1	D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol	antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
pinosylvin pinosylvin: phytoalexin found in pine and eucalyptus	2.46	2	0	pinosylvin
quercitrin [no description available]	2.77	3	0	alpha-L-rhamnoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antileishmanial agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
scopoletin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	hydroxycoumarin	plant growth regulator; plant metabolite
vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.	3.5	8	0
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	6.68	12	1	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
11-cis-retinal Rhodopsin: A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.. 11-cis-retinal : A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry.	2.21	1	0	retinal	chromophore; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
leukotriene b4 Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.	20.09	867	47	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent
leukotriene c4 Leukotriene C4: The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene C4 : A leukotriene that is (5S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 6 via a sulfide linkage.	13.19	130	7	leukotriene	bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
thromboxane a2 Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation.	16.19	360	8	epoxy monocarboxylic acid; thromboxanes A	mouse metabolite
prostaglandin f2beta prostaglandin F2beta: RN given refers to (5Z,9 beta,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer. prostaglandin F2beta : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is the 9beta-hydroxy epimer of prostaglandin F2alpha.	2.89	4	0	prostaglandins Fbeta	human metabolite
feruloyltyramine feruloyltyramine: structure given in first source; isolated from Cannabis sativa seeds, roots, leaves, and resin; induces hypothermia and motor incoordination in mice; moupinamide is (E)-isomer	2.11	1	0	tyramines	metabolite
hymecromone Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.	2.07	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
daphnetin [no description available]	2.53	2	0	hydroxycoumarin
8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid: A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.. all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis double bonds at positions 8, 11 and 14.	8.34	37	1	fatty acid 20:3; long-chain fatty acid	fungal metabolite; human metabolite; nutraceutical
luteolin-7-glucoside luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.76	3	0	beta-D-glucoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	antioxidant; plant metabolite
rumenic acid 9-cis,11-trans-octadecadienoic acid : An octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid having 9-cis,11-trans-stereochemistry.	2.43	2	0	octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid
ayanin ayanin: has cytoprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory activities; isolated from Croton schiedeanus (Euphorbiaceae); structure in first source. 3',5-dihydroxy-3,4',7-trimethoxyflavone : A trimethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4' and 7 have been replaced by methoxy groups.	2.13	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; trimethoxyflavone	plant metabolite
15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin e2 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin E2: RN given refers to (5Z,11alpha)-isomer; structure in first source. 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin E2 : The 13,14-dihydro derivative of 15-oxo-prostaglandin E2.	11.44	93	12	prostaglandins E
15-ketoprostaglandin e2 15-ketoprostaglandin E2: metabolite of PGE2; RN given refers to (5Z,11alpha,13E)-isomer	4.92	36	0	prostaglandins E
alprostadil [no description available]	24.34	874	25	prostaglandins E	anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 5(S)-HETE : A HETE having a (5S)-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.. 5-HETE : A HETE having a 5-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.	5.57	71	0	HETE	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
vitamin d 2 Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.	4.11	3	1	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-ergostane; vitamin D	bone density conservation agent; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; rodenticide
stigmasterol stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol: isolated from freeze-dried powder of Blackberries (Rubus ursinus L.) which showed an activity on inhibition of chemocarcinogen. stigmasterol : A 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions.	2.75	3	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	plant metabolite
cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.	6.48	24	2	D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone	geroprotector; human metabolite
quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells	2.47	2	0	beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antipruritic drug; bone density conservation agent; geroprotector; histamine antagonist; osteogenesis regulator; plant metabolite
rutin Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.	3.86	11	0	disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; rutinoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; metabolite
kaempferol [no description available]	3.86	11	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; flavonols; tetrahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
leukotriene d4 Leukotriene D4: One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene D4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and a L-cysteinylglycinyl group at position 6 (6R).	5.78	28	0	dipeptide; leukotriene; organic sulfide	bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
leukotriene e4 Leukotriene E4: A biologically active principle of SRS-A that is formed from LEUKOTRIENE D4 via a peptidase reaction that removes the glycine residue. The biological actions of LTE4 are similar to LTC4 and LTD4. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene E4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and an L-cystein-S-yl group at position 6 (6R).	10.44	40	6	amino dicarboxylic acid; L-cysteine thioether; leukotriene; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; secondary alcohol
prostaglandin a2 prostaglandin A2: RN given refers to (5Z,13E,15S)-isomer	5.07	43	0	prostaglandins A	human metabolite
prostaglandin b2 prostaglandin B2: RN given refers to (5Z,13E,15S)-isomer	3.77	11	0	prostaglandins B	human metabolite
prostaglandin g2 [no description available]	6.35	8	0	prostaglandins G	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
9-deoxy-delta-9-prostaglandin d2 9-deoxy-delta-9-prostaglandin D2: has potent antineoplastic & weak smooth muscle contracting activities; structure given in first source. prostaglandin J2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins J that consists of prosta-5,9,13-trien-1-oic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 11 and a hydroxy group at position 15 (the 5Z,13E,15S stereoisomer).	4.58	25	0	prostaglandins J	human metabolite
9-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-12,13-didehydro-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin d2 9-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-12,13-didehydro-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin D2: PGD2 metabolite in human plasma. 13,14-dihydro-Delta(12)-prostaglandin J2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins J that is prosta-5,9,12-trien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydsroxy substituents at positions 11 and 15 respectively (the 5Z,12E,15S-stereoisomer).	2.91	4	0	prostaglandins J; secondary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent
15-ketoprostaglandin f2alpha [no description available]	2.66	3	0	prostaglandins Falpha
6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position.	18.67	1,196	41	prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
6-ketoprostaglandin e1 6-ketoprostaglandin E1: potent direct dilator of pulmonary & systemic circulations of newborn lamb. 6-oxoprostaglandin E1 : A prostaglandin E that is prostaglandin E1 bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position.	4.41	22	0	prostaglandins E	metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor
11-dehydro-thromboxane b2 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2: structure given in first source. 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 : A thromboxane obtained by formal oxidation of the hemiacetal hydroxy function of thromboxane B2.	7.66	14	2	thromboxane	human metabolite
arachidonic acid omega-9 hydroperoxide 12-HPETE: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; 12-HPETE may be used inconsistently in literature as synonym for cpds with various tetraene-locants; caused dose-dependent constriction of cat coronary arteries. 12(S)-HPETE : The (S)-enantiomer of 12-HPETE.	3.36	7	0	HPETE	mouse metabolite
zeaxanthin Zeaxanthins: Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.	2.11	1	0	carotenol	antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; cofactor
senecionine senecionine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. senecionine : A pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant species of the genus Senecio.	2.07	1	0	lactone; pyrrolizidine alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	plant metabolite
lipoxin a4 lipoxin A4: an antifibrolytic agent; structure given in first source; a role in ASPIRIN antiinflammatory activity. lipoxin A4 : A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (6R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds.	10.2	53	1	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; lipoxin; long-chain fatty acid	human metabolite; metabolite
gamma-linolenic acid gamma-Linolenic Acid: An omega-6 fatty acid produced in the body as the delta 6-desaturase metabolite of linoleic acid. It is converted to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a biosynthetic precursor of monoenoic prostaglandins such as PGE1. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). gamma-linolenic acid : A C18, omega-6 acid fatty acid comprising a linolenic acid having cis- double bonds at positions 6, 9 and 12.	8.88	36	2	linolenic acid; omega-6 fatty acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
alpha-linolenic acid linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid.	9.39	26	3	linolenic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
prostaglandin e3 prostaglandin E3: Structure	10.29	47	3	prostaglandins E	human metabolite
leukotriene f-4 leukotriene F-4: formed by transpeptidation of leukotriene E. leukotriene F4 : A leukotriene composed of (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid having (5S)-hydroxy and (6R)-(L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cystein-S-yl) substituents.	2.88	4	0	dipeptide; leukotriene; organic sulfide	human metabolite
prostaglandin f1 prostaglandin F1: was EN to PROSTAGLANDINS F (75-81); RN given refers to (9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	12.06	104	4	prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite
prostaglandin f3alpha prostaglandin F3alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 9alpha, 11alpha and 15.	2.41	2	0	prostaglandins Falpha
genistein [no description available]	6.69	53	1	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	4.89	8	1	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.	2.05	1	0	oxapenam	antibacterial drug; anxiolytic drug; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.	4.03	14	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic acetal; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; drug allergen
oxymetholone Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.	2.41	2	0
montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	6.63	6	2	aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
hemabate carboprost tromethamine : The tromethamine salt of carboprost. It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.	4.03	2	0
carboprost Carboprost: A nonsteroidal abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of PREGNANCY.. carboprost : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydrogen at position 15 is substituted by methyl (S configuration). It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.	9.71	25	5	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	abortifacient; oxytocic
mycophenolate mofetil mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	2.05	1	0	carboxylic ester; ether; gamma-lactone; phenols; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
entacapone entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.	2.05	1	0	2-nitrophenols; catechols; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
paricalcitol [no description available]	2.08	1	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane	antiparathyroid drug
11-octadecenoic acid 11-octadecenoic acid: vaccenic acid is the (E)-isomer. trans-vaccenic acid : The trans- isomer of vaccenic acid.	2.25	1	0	vaccenic acid
jasmonic acid jasmonic acid: a derivative of alpha-linolenic acid that has a role in plant response to herbivory analogous to the role of prostanoids in inflammation in mammals;. jasmonic acid : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring.	2.45	2	0	oxo monocarboxylic acid	jasmonates; plant metabolite
butein [no description available]	2.47	2	0	chalcones; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; radiosensitizing agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.	4.21	6	0	carotenol; carotenone	animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite
cryptoxanthins Cryptoxanthins: Mono-hydroxylated xanthophylls formed from the hydroxylation of BETA-CAROTENE. Isomers include: beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-cryptoxanthin, and zeinoxanthin. The alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin are provitamin A precursors.. beta-cryptoxanthin : A carotenol that exhibits antioxidant activity. It has been isolated from fruits such as papaya and oranges.	2.44	2	0	carotenol	antioxidant; biomarker; plant metabolite; provitamin A
fucoxanthin fucoxanthin: RN given refers to (3S,3'S,5R,5'R,6S,6'R)-isomer. fucoxanthin : An epoxycarotenol that is found in brown seaweed and which exhibits anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties.	2.74	3	0
lutein Lutein: A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.. xanthophyll : A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes.	3.88	4	0	carotenol	food colouring; plant metabolite
isobavachalcone isobavachalcone: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source. isobavachalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4' and a prenyl group at position 3'.	2.17	1	0	chalcones; polyphenol	antibacterial agent; metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor
isobutrin isobutrin: antihepatotoxic principle from Butea monosperma flowers; RN given for (E)-isomer; structure given in first source; also see butrin. isobutrin : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy groups at positions 3 and 4' and hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 2' respectively.	2.08	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; chalcones; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
sulfuretin sulfuretin: the chalcone C ring closes into a 5 instead of the more typical 6 membered ring leaving a phenyl methane at the 2 position instead of the typical phenyl	2.47	2	0	1-benzofurans
cucurbitacin b [no description available]	2	1	0	cucurbitacin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
spinasterol spinasterol: RN given refers to alpha-spinasterol ((3beta,5alpha,22E)-isomer)	2.05	1	0	steroid
capillarisin capillarisin: from Artemisiae capillaris Herba.; structure	2.78	3	0	coumarins
geranylgeraniol (E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol : A geranylgeraniol in which all four double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	2.4	2	0	geranylgeraniol
genistin genistin: glycoside of soy bean isoflavone, gentistein	2.07	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside
mezerein mezerein: toxic component of plant Daphne mezereum with anti-leukemic activity against P-388 & P-1210 in mice; can act as a tumor promoter; RN given refers to (12beta(E,E))-isomer; structure	3.07	5	0	diterpenoid
chartreusin chartreusin: structure	2.07	1	0	benzochromenone; glycoside
esculetin esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light.	3.51	8	0	hydroxycoumarin	antioxidant; plant metabolite; ultraviolet filter
7-hydroxycoumarin 7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7.	2.06	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	fluorescent probe; food component; plant metabolite
budlein a budlein A: anti-inflammatory and analgesic sesquiterpene lactone from Viguiera robusta; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	sesquiterpenoid
eupatolide eupatolide: sesquiterpene lactone from Eupatorium formasanum HAY; structure. eupatolide : A germacranolide with formula C15H20O3, isolated from several Inula species. It exhibits anti-cancer properties.	2.05	1	0	gamma-lactone; germacranolide; homoallylic alcohol; secondary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
xanthatin xanthatin: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent; RN given refers to (3aR-(3aalpha,7beta,8abeta))-isomer; structure	2.06	1	0	sesquiterpene lactone
humulene humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.	3.41	7	0	alpha-humulene
harpagoside harpagoside: glycoside of a cyclopenta[c]pyran from root of S. African plant Harpagophytum procumbens DC; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #5281, 7th ed #9921; Harpagophytum extract WS 1531 is plant extract containing harpagoside; Antidiabetic Agent	2.49	2	0	terpene glycoside
oleuropein oleuropein: iridoid isolated from leaves and fruit of Olea and Ligustrum (Oleaceae). oleuropein : A secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars.	2.06	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; catechols; diester; methyl ester; pyrans; secoiridoid glycoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; NF-kappaB inhibitor; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
garcinol garcinol: from stem bark of Garcinia huillensis; has chemotherapeutic activity against gram-positive & gram-negative cocci, mycobacteria & fungi	2.8	3	0
methysticin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	2-pyranones; aromatic ether
yangonin yangonin: structure in first source	2.07	1	0	2-pyranones; aromatic ether
zearalenone Zearalenone: (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.. zearalenone : A macrolide comprising a fourteen-membered lactone fused to 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species.	2.51	2	0	macrolide; resorcinols	fungal metabolite; mycoestrogen
agathisflavone agathisflavone: bis-apigenin coupled at 6 and 8 positions; isolated from the plant Canarium manii; has hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. agathisflavone : A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-6 and C-8 of the two chromene rings.	2.17	1	0	biaryl; biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite
amentoflavone [no description available]	2.48	2	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; plant metabolite
baicalein [no description available]	3.81	11	0	trihydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger
chrysin chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.	3.54	8	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; dihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
cupressuflavone cupressuflavone: from Cupressus macrocarpa; structure in first source. cupressuflavone : A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-8 of the two chromene rings respectively. Isolated from Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus occidentalis, it exhibits free radical scavenging and antielastase activities.	2.17	1	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly	EC 3.4.21.37 (leukocyte elastase) inhibitor; metabolite; radical scavenger
datiscetin datiscetin : A tetrahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 5.	2.07	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; tetrahydroxyflavone
diosmetin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; vasodilator agent
diosmin [no description available]	3.14	5	0	dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; rutinoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant
fisetin [no description available]	3.18	5	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; 7-hydroxyflavonol; tetrahydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; metabolite; plant metabolite
galangin 5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.	3.17	5	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; trihydroxyflavone	antimicrobial agent; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
gossypin gossypin: do not confuse with gossypin(e) which is synonym for choline. gossypin : A glycosyloxyflavone that is gossypetin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 8 via a glycosidic linkage.	1.97	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; pentahydroxyflavone	neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
hyperoside quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity.	2.04	1	0	beta-D-galactoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
mangiferin shamimin: isolated from the leaves of Bombax ceiba; structure in first source	2.75	3	0	C-glycosyl compound; xanthones	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
mangostin mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.	2.94	4	0	aromatic ether; phenols; xanthones	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
3-methylquercetin isorhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' is replaced by a methoxy group.	3.05	4	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; monomethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone	anticoagulant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; metabolite
norathyriol norathyriol: from Gentinanaceae; has vasorelaxing action on rat thoracic aorta; structure given in first source. norathyriol : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7. Isolated from Garcinia mangostana and Maclura pomifera, it exhibits inhibitory activity against protein kinase C.	1.98	1	0	polyphenol; xanthones	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; plant metabolite
morin morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.	3.01	4	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
myricetin [no description available]	3.19	5	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
myricitrin myricitrin: isolated from root bark of Myrica cerifera L.; structure. myricitrin : A glycosyloxyflavone that consists of myricetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Myrica cerifera, it exhibits anti-allergic activity.	2.06	1	0	alpha-L-rhamnoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; pentahydroxyflavone	anti-allergic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; plant metabolite
orientin orientin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (D-glucopyranosyl)-isomer. orientin : A C-glycosyl compound that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 8.	2.25	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; C-glycosyl compound; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; metabolite
quercetagetin quercetagetin: structure given in first source; inhibits aldose reductase in rat lens. quercetagetin : A hexahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 6, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.	2.25	1	0	flavonols; hexahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; antiviral agent; plant metabolite
rhamnetin rhamnetin: aglycone of xanthorhamnin; from Rhamnus. rhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position 7.	2.48	2	0	monomethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; metabolite
robinetin robinetin: structure given in first source. robinetin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7, 3, 4' and 5'.	2.07	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	plant metabolite
sciadopitysin sciadopitysin: biflavonoid from Taxus celebica & Ginkgo biloba. sciadopitysin : A biflavonoid that is a 7, 4', 4'''-trimethyl ether derivative of amentoflavone.	3.15	1	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; methoxyflavone; ring assembly	bone density conservation agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tamarixetin tamarixetin: isolated from Costsus spicatus. tamarixetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position O-4'. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae.	2.07	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; monomethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; metabolite
tricin tricin: from Spartina cynosuroides and other plants; structure	2.96	4	0	3'-methoxyflavones; dimethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite
wogonin wogonin: structure in first source. wogonin : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-8.	4.17	16	0	dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; plant metabolite
coumestrol Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.	2.72	3	0	coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
daidzein [no description available]	3.3	6	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: hydroxystilbene oxyresveratrol	2.45	2	0	stilbenoid
pterostilbene [no description available]	2.04	1	0	diether; methoxybenzenes; stilbenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; hypoglycemic agent; neuroprotective agent; neurotransmitter; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
chicoric acid chicoric acid: inhibits HIV-1 integrase	2.48	2	0	organooxygen compound	geroprotector; HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
cynarine cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent	2.05	1	0	alkyl caffeate ester; quinic acid	plant metabolite
forsythiaside forsythiaside: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source; from the unripe fruit of Forsythia suspensa (qinglianquiao)	2.15	1	0	hydroxycinnamic acid
3,4-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid: isolated from Siphonostegia chinensis	2.06	1	0	quinic acid
irisolidone irisolidone: isolated from the flowers and rhizomes of Pueraria thunbergiana; structure in first source	2.06	1	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones
caffeic acid phenethyl ester phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component.	3.27	6	0	alkyl caffeate ester	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
rosmarinic acid rosmarinic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; promote OT project. (R)-rosmarinic acid : A stereoisomer of rosmarinic acid having (R)-configuration.. rosmarinic acid : The 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid.	3.5	7	0	rosmarinic acid	geroprotector; plant metabolite
salvianolic acid a salvianolic acid A: a nootropic depside from Salvia miltiorrhizia	2.06	1	0	stilbenoid
shogaol shogaol: from ginger, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE; less mutagenic than GINGEROL; structure given in first source	2.94	4	0	enone; monomethoxybenzene; phenols
acteoside acteoside: a protein kinase C inhibitor with hepatoprotective, anti-asthmatic, and analgesic activities; a phenylethanoid glycoside related to isoacteoside; from leaves of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae). acteoside : A glycoside that is the alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucoside of hydroxytyrosol in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the glucopyranosyl moiety has undergone esterification by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid.	3.18	5	0	catechols; cinnamate ester; disaccharide derivative; glycoside; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antileishmanial agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
orobol orobol: from Aspergillus niger or Streptomyces neyagawaensis; potent inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol kinase. orobol : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones which consists of isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4'. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis.	2.06	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	anti-inflammatory agent; fungal metabolite; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
prunetin prunetin: reduces herpes virus-1 plaque formation. prunetin : A hydroxyisoflavone that is genistein in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group.	2.31	1	0	7-methoxyisoflavones; hydroxyisoflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; metabolite
tectoridin tectoridin: glycosylated tectorigenin. tectoridin : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is tectorigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.93	4	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; hydroxyisoflavone; methoxyisoflavone; monosaccharide derivative	plant metabolite
tectorigenin tectorigenin: tectoridin is glycosylated form. tectorigenin : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 4' respectively.	2.93	4	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones; methoxyisoflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite
wedelolactone wedelolactone: antihepatotoxic coumestan from Eclipta prostrata and Wedelia calendulacea (both Asteraceae); structure given in first source. wedelolactone : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents as positions 1, 8 and 9 and a methoxy substituent at position 3.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite
rottlerin rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.	2.46	2	0	aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; chromenol; enone; methyl ketone	anti-allergic agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; K-ATP channel agonist; metabolite
ellagic acid [no description available]	3.47	7	0	catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
ginkgolic acid [no description available]	2.17	1	0	hydroxybenzoic acid
flupenthixol cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.	1.96	1	0	flupenthixol	dopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833 valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215	2.05	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide
estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid : A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage.	3.4	7	0	3-hydroxy steroid; steroid glucosiduronic acid
7-hydroxyflavone 7-hydroxyflavone : A hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group.	2.73	3	0	hydroxyflavonoid
prostaglandin a1 [no description available]	4.65	28	0	prostaglandins A
coenzyme q10 coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.	4.04	5	0	ubiquinones	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite
anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.	6.03	35	0	endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4	human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
cerulenin Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.	2.44	2	0	epoxide; monocarboxylic acid amide	antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
astragalin kaempferol-3-O-glucoside: isolated from the pit of Mahkota dewa; structure in first source. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage.	2.81	3	0	beta-D-glucoside; kaempferol O-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	plant metabolite; trypanocidal drug
arachidonyl dopamine arachidonyl dopamine: a ligand for the vanilloid receptor VR1	2.44	2	0	catechols; fatty amide; N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine; secondary carboxamide
lafutidine lafutidine: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
pheniramine maleate Naphcon A: tradename; contains above compounds; ophthalmic solution	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity
rhoifolin rhoifolin: from many plants. apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside : An apigenin derivative having an alpha-(1->2)-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety attached to the 7-hydroxy group.	2.07	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone; neohesperidoside	metabolite
vitexin rhamnoside 2''-O-rhamnopyranosylvitexin: has both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities; isolated from Alternanthera maritima; structure in first source. vitexin 2''-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside : A derivative of vitexin having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue attached at the 2''-position of the glucitol moiety.	2.07	1	0	C-glycosyl compound; disaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	plant metabolite
uf 021 isopropyl unoprostone: a safe and effective ocular hypotensive drug. isopropyl unoprostone : The isopropyl ester of unoprostone.	2.68	3	0	isopropyl ester; ketone; prostaglandins Falpha	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; prodrug
gefarnate Gefarnate: A water insoluble terpene fatty acid used in the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers; it facilitates the healing and function of mucosal tissue.	2.87	4	0	organic molecular entity
indomethacin farnesil [no description available]	2.67	3	0	N-acylindole
ethyl linoleate ethyl linoleate : A long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of linoleic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol.	1.96	1	0	long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester	anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite
plaunotol plaunotol: RN refers to (Z,E,E)-isomer. plaunotol : A diterpenoid that is geranylgeraniol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 18.	3.08	5	0	diterpenoid; primary alcohol	anti-ulcer drug; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; vulnerary
geranylgeranylacetone geranylgeranylacetone: structure in first source; RN given refers to isomeric cpd without isomeric designation; mixture of (5E,9E,13E) & (5Z,9E,13E)-isomers. teprenone : A terpene ketone in which a (9E,13E)-geranylgernayl group is bonded to one of the alpha-methyls of acetone (it is a mixture of 5E- and 5Z-geoisomers in a 3:2 ratio).	3.1	5	0
ornoprostil ornoprostil: RN given refers to (11alpha,13E,15R,17S)-isomer	3.77	3	0	organic molecular entity
sofalcone sofalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is benzene in which the hydrogens at positions 1,2 and 5 are replaced by carboxymethoxy, (1E)-1-{4-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}-3-oxoprop-1-en-3-yl, and (3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxy groups, respectively. It is a gastrointestinal drug currently used for treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcers in Japan and South Korea.	3.84	12	0	aromatic ether; chalcones; monocarboxylic acid	anti-ulcer drug; antibacterial agent; gastrointestinal drug; plant metabolite
travoprost Travoprost: A cloprostenol derivative that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.. travoprost : The isopropyl ester of prostaglandin F2alpha in which the pentyl group is replaced by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxymethyl group. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha, ophthalmic solutions of travoprost are used as a topical medication for controlling the progression of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a pro-drug; the isopropyl ester group is hydrolysed by esterases in the cornea to the biologically active free acid, fluprostenol.	2.05	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isopropyl ester; prostaglandins Falpha	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; ophthalmology drug; prodrug; prostaglandin receptor agonist
tranilast tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.	3.09	5	0	amidobenzoic acid; cinnamamides; dimethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; antineoplastic agent; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; calcium channel blocker; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent
clinprost TEI 9090: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
gemeprost gemeprost: used for preoperative dilation of cervix before surgical abortion; RN given refers to (2E,11alpha,13E,15R)-isomer	16.59	32	9	aliphatic alcohol
4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells.	3.68	10	0	stilbenoid
4,4'-dinitro-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid 4,4'-dinitro-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2	1	0	4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid
domoic acid domoic acid: kainic acid analog, heterocyclic amino acid from seaweed; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. domoic acid : An L-proline derivative that is L-proline substituted by a carboxymethyl group at position 3 and a 6-carboxyhepta-2,4-dien-2-yl group at position 4. It is produced by the diatomic algal Pseudo-nitzschia. It is an analogue of kainic acid and a neurotoxin which causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).	2.07	1	0	L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid; tricarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; hapten; marine metabolite; neuromuscular agent; neurotoxin
8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position.	12.8	103	5	F2-isoprostane	biomarker; bronchoconstrictor agent; vasoconstrictor agent
glyceryl 2-arachidonate glyceryl 2-arachidonate: binds to cannabinoid receptors; structure in first source. 2-arachidonoylglycerol : An endocannabinoid and an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). It is an ester formed from omega-6-arachidonic acid and glycerol.	4.35	19	0	2-acylglycerol 20:4; endocannabinoid	human metabolite
1-arachidonyl monoglyceride 1-arachidonyl monoglyceride: causes platelet aggregation	2.02	1	0	1-acylglycerol 20:4
n,n-dimethylsphingenine N,N-dimethylsphingosine: a sphingosine kinase inhibitor. N,N-dimethylsphingosine : A sphingoid that is sphingosine in which the two amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.	2.02	1	0	aminodiol; sphingoid; tertiary amino compound	EC 2.7.1.91 (sphingosine kinase) inhibitor; metabolite
tocotrienol, alpha alpha-tocotrienol : A tocotrienol that is chroman-6-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 5, 7 and 8 and a farnesyl chain at position 2. It has been found in palm oil derived from Elaeis guineensis.	2.03	1	0	tocotrienol; vitamin E	ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
tocotrienol, delta delta-tocotrienol : A tocotrienol that is chroman-6-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 8 and a farnesyl chain at position 2.	2.08	1	0	tocotrienol; vitamin E	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bone density conservation agent; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-hydroxyestradiol 4-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen. 4-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 4.	2.44	2	0	4-hydroxy steroid	metabolite
11-ketotestosterone 11-ketotestosterone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 11-oxotestosterone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is testosterone carrying an additional oxo substituent at position 11.	2.53	2	0	11-oxo steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
menatetrenone menaquinone-4 : A menaquinone whose side-chain contains 4 isoprene units in an all-trans-configuration.	2.9	4	0	menaquinone	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; bone density conservation agent; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent
etretinate retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.	2.89	4	0	enoate ester; ethyl ester; retinoid	keratolytic drug
isotretinoin Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.	3.13	5	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; teratogenic agent
misoprostol Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.	22.71	373	119
epoprostenol [no description available]	2.71	3	0	prostaglandins I	mouse metabolite
dinoprost tromethamine [no description available]	3.79	2	1	organic molecular entity
ozagrel ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer	4.06	15	0	cinnamic acids
triprolidine Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.	3.1	5	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
pibutidine hydrochloride IT 066: structure in first source. pibutidine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of pibutidine. It is a H2 receptor antagonist which was developed for the treatment of peptic ulcers and duodenal ulcers. It was in phase III clinical trials in Japan (now discontinued).	1.99	1	0	hydrochloride	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.	2.49	2	0	cyclopropanes; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; quinolines; statin (synthetic)	antioxidant
alatrofloxacin mesylate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
homatropine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	tropane alkaloid
9,11-linoleic acid 9,11-linoleic acid: a conjugated dienoic linoleate (CLA); RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation in Chemline. (9E,11E)-octadecadienoic acid : An octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid having 9-trans,11-trans-stereochemistry.	2.95	4	0	octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antiatherogenic agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; human metabolite
trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (10E,12Z)-octadecadienoic acid : An octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid having (10E,12Z)-configuration.	2.74	3	0	octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid
10,12-octadecadienoic acid 10,12-octadecadienoic acid: a conjugated dienoic linoleate (CLA); structure given in first source	2.01	1	0	lipid
9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid 9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid: RN given refers to unspecified stereoisomer. 9-HODE : A HODE that consists of (10E,12Z)-octadecadienoic acid with the hydroxy substituent located at position 9.	2.15	1	0	HODE; octadecadienoic acid	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid 13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid: chemorepellant factor which maintains blood vessel wall thromboresistance; RN given refers to unspecified stereoisomer	3.18	5	0	octadecadienoic acid
13,14-dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin d2 13,14-dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin D2: PGD2 metabolite; RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha)-isomer	2.42	2	0	prostaglandins D	metabolite
15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin f2alpha 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2alpha: main metabolite of PGF2alpha in plasma after allergen provoked asthma; RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha)-isomer; structure. 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha obtained by formal oxidation of the 15-hydroxy group and hydrogenation of the 13,14-double bond of prostaglandin F2alpha.	10.46	114	9	ketone; prostaglandins Falpha	metabolite
15-methylprostaglandin d2 15-methylprostaglandin D2: RN given for (15S)-isomer; a CRTH2/DP2 receptor agonist in human eosinophils; structure in first source	2.01	1	0
11-deoxyprostaglandin e1 11-deoxyprostaglandin E1: RN given refers to (13E,15S)-isomer	4.48	23	0	prostanoid
15(s)-15-methylprostaglandin e1 15(S)-15-methylprostaglandin E1: stable deriv of PGE1; RN given refers to (11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	1.96	1	0	prostanoid
16,16-dimethylprostaglandin e 16,16-dimethylprostaglandin E: RN given refers to (11alpha,13E,15R)-isomer	3.35	7	0	prostanoid
meteneprost meteneprost: 9-deoxo-9-methylene-PGEs are possible solution to PGE stability problem; stable in aqueous media from pH 1 to 14 & have biological properties similar to corresponding PGEs; cpd tested for use as early pregnancy terminater & has low incidence of nausea & gastrointestinal side effects; note that cpd is derivative of both PGE2 & PGF2alpha; structure in first source	6.62	9	2	long-chain fatty acid
arbaprostil Arbaprostil: A synthetic prostaglandin E analog that protects the gastric mucosa, prevents ulceration, and promotes healing of peptic ulcers. The protective effect is independent of acid inhibition. It is also a potent inhibitor of pancreatic function and can inhibit the growth of experimental tumors.	6.4	13	1	prostanoid
16,16-dimethylprostaglandin e2 16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2: A synthetic prostaglandin E analog that protects the gastric mucosa, prevents ulceration, and promotes the healing of peptic ulcers. The protective effect is independent of acid inhibition. It is also a potent inhibitor of pancreatic function and growth of experimental tumors.. 16,16-dimethylprostaglandin E2 : A prostanoid that is prostaglandin E2 in which both of the hydrogens at position 16 have been replaced by methyl groups. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E2, it is a potent inhibitor of pancreatic function and growth of experimental tumors. It also protects the gastric mucosa, prevents ulceration, and promotes the healing of peptic ulcers.	9.64	80	2	cyclopentanones; monocarboxylic acid; prostanoid; secondary allylic alcohol	anti-ulcer drug; gastrointestinal drug; radiation protective agent
17-phenyltrinorprostaglandin e2 17-phenyltrinorprostaglandin E2: an EP1 receptor agonist. 17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-prostaglandin E2 : A prostanoid that is 18,19,20-trinor-prostaglandin E2 in which one of the terminal methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a phenyl group.	4.93	36	0	alicyclic ketone; beta-hydroxy ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; olefinic compound; oxo monocarboxylic acid; prostanoid; secondary alcohol	human metabolite; prostaglandin receptor agonist
prostaglandin f2 isopropyl ester prostaglandin F2 isopropyl ester: has ocular hypotensive effect	3.24	6	0	prostanoid
2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin f1alpha 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1alpha: formed from 6-keto-PGF1alpha by Mycobacterium rhodochrous; RN given refers to (1R-(1alph,2beta(1E,3S*)))-isomer; structure given in first source. 2,3-dinor-6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostanoid that is prostaglandin F1alpha lacking two methylenes in the carboxyalkyl chain and bearing an oxo group at the 6-position.	8.76	19	5	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; prostanoid; secondary alcohol	metabolite
prostaglandin f2 methyl ester prostaglandin F2 methyl ester: has ocular hypotensive effect; RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	2.37	2	0	prostanoid
prostaglandin e2 ethanolamide prostaglandin E2 ethanolamide: structure in first source	6.07	14	0	prostanoid
leukotriene b5 leukotriene B5 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents.	2.71	3	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid	anti-inflammatory agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; rat metabolite
thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.	20.49	1,275	76	thromboxanes B	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
2,3-dinor-thromboxane b2 [no description available]	5.53	9	2	thromboxane
thromboxane a3 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	thromboxane
14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (5Z,8Z,11Z)-14,15-dihydroxyicosatrienoic acid : A DHET obtained by formal dihydroxylation across the 14,15-double bond of arachidonic acid.	2.43	2	0	DHET; diol; secondary allylic alcohol	mouse metabolite
12-hydroxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid 12-hydroxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid: structure given in first source	2	1	0	hydroxy fatty acid; polyunsaturated fatty acid
20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid: stimulator of renal sodium, potassium atpase; RN given is for the (all-Z) isomer. 20-HETE : A HETE that consists of arachidonic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 20.	4.75	11	0	HETE; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide: 5-HPETE is used inconsistently in literature as syn for cpds with various tetraene locants; RN given refers to (6,8,11,14)-isomer; RN in CA Vol 91 Form Index for (E,Z,Z,Z)-isomer: 70968-82-0; RN for (5,8,11,13)-isomer: 71133-12-5; in Merck, arachidonic acid is the (5,8,11,14)-isomer. 5-HPETE : A HPETE that consists of (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 5.	4.45	7	0	HPETE	human xenobiotic metabolite
5,6-epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid 5,6-epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 5,6-EET : An EET obtained by formal epoxidation of the 5,6-double bond of arachidonic acid.	2.39	2	0	EET	mouse metabolite
8-isoprostaglandin e2 8-isoprostaglandin E2: RN given refers to (5Z,8 beta,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer; see also 8,12-epi-prostaglandin E2 & prostaglandin E2. 8-epi-prostaglandin E2 : A prostanoid that is prostaglandin E2 having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position.	9.2	67	4	cyclic ketone; diol; prostanoid; secondary alcohol	bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; rat metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	4.91	13	0	4-hydroxynon-2-enal; 4-hydroxynonenal
(2e)-decenal (2E)-decenal: structure in first source. (2E)-dec-2-enal : A dec-2-enal in which the olefinic double bond has E configuration.	2.11	1	0	2-decenal	alarm pheromone; mutagen; nematicide
oleylamide oleylamide: plastic additive; can cause contact urticaria; RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; a sleep inducing factor. aliphatic amide : A carboxamide in which the amide linkage is bonded directly to an aliphatic system.. oleamide : A fatty amide derived from oleic acid.	2.17	1	0	primary fatty amide	human metabolite; plant metabolite
n-arachidonylglycine N-arachidonylglycine: structure in first source. N-arachidonoylglycine : Biologically active derivative of anandamide	2.13	1	0	fatty amide; N-acylglycine
linoleoyl ethanolamide linoleoyl ethanolamide: RN given for (Z,Z)-isomer. linoleoyl ethanolamide : An N-acylethanolamine 18:2 that is the ethanolamide of linoleic acid.	1.99	1	0	N-acylethanolamine 18:2	EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor
menaquinone 6 menaquinone 6: RN given refers to (all-E)-isomer	3.5	8	0
sphingosine 1-phosphate sphingosine 1-phosphate: RN given refers to (R-(R,S-(E)))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89. sphingosine 1-phosphate : A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1	5.9	30	0	sphingoid 1-phosphate	mouse metabolite; signalling molecule; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist; T-cell proliferation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
n-palmitoylsphingosine N-palmitoylsphingosine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (R,S-(E))-isomer. N-hexadecanoylsphingosine : A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as hexadecanoyl (palmitoyl).	2.02	1	0	Cer(d34:1); N-acylsphingosine; N-palmitoyl-sphingoid base	human blood serum metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
ceramide 1-phosphate ceramide 1-phosphate : A phosphosphingolipid consisting of any ceramide phosphorylated at position 1. N-octadecanoylsphingosine 1-phosphate : A ceramide 1-phosphate that is the N-octadecananoyl (stearoyl) derivative of sphingosine.	4.42	6	0	N-acylsphingosine 1-phosphate
codeine [no description available]	4.51	5	1	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic
cyclosporine ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF	2.99	4	0	homodetic cyclic peptide	anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
phenylephrine hydrochloride Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine.	2.69	3	0	hydrochloride
natamycin [no description available]	2.47	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; dicarboxylic acid monoester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyene antibiotic	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; ophthalmology drug
oleyl alcohol oleyl alcohol: structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0	fatty alcohol 18:1; long-chain primary fatty alcohol	metabolite; nonionic surfactant
acitretin Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.	2.41	2	0	acitretin; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; retinoid	keratolytic drug
cyproterone Cyproterone: An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (CYPROTERONE ACETATE), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.	1.97	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; chlorinated steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	androgen antagonist
dihydrocodeine dihydrocodeine: RN refers to parent cpd(5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
dothiepin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dothiepin
granisetron Granisetron: A serotonin receptor (5HT-3 selective) antagonist that has been used as an antiemetic for cancer chemotherapy patients.. granisetron : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-methyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid with the primary amino group of (3-endo)-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-amine. A selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, it is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to manage nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and to prevent and treat postoperative nausea and vomiting.	2.42	2	0	aromatic amide; indazoles
hydroxystilbamidine hydroxystilbamidine: minor descriptor (63-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search STILBAMIDINES (66-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
levetiracetam Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.	3.02	4	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
nalorphine Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.	2.05	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	7.64	56	1	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.	2.1	1	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative	antitussive; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
oxymorphone Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)	2.05	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1 Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.	2.38	2	0	phylloquinones; vitamin K	cofactor; human metabolite; plant metabolite
sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.	3.84	11	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol	antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
topiramate Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.	2.75	3	0	cyclic ketal; ketohexose derivative; sulfamate ester	anticonvulsant; sodium channel blocker
menaquinone 7 menaquinone-7 : A menaquinone whose side-chain contains seven isoprene units in an all-trans-configutation.	2.41	2	0	menaquinone	bone density conservation agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
brefeldin a [no description available]	2.75	3	0	macrolide antibiotic	Penicillium metabolite
alvocidib alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.	2.48	2	0	dihydroxyflavone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol seocalcitol: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
fenretinide Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.	2.91	4	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; retinoid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant
geldanamycin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; ansamycin; carbamate ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	10.89	75	5	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
lysophosphatidylglycerol lysophosphatidylglycerol : A glycerophosphoglycerol resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylglycerol, which removes one of the fatty acid groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl.	2.05	1	0	a 3-acyl-sn-glycero-1-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(1-)
demycarosylturimycin h [no description available]	2.05	1	0
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid 4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. arotinoid acid : A retinoid that consists of benzoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a synthetic retinoid that acts as a selective agonist for the retinoic acid receptors (RAR).	2.68	3	0	benzoic acids; naphthalenes; retinoid	antineoplastic agent; retinoic acid receptor agonist; teratogenic agent
ar c67085mx PSB-0413: a selective antagonist radioligand for platelet P2Y12 receptors	2.07	1	0
2-methylthio-atp 2-methylthio-ATP: purinergic receptors agonist; relaxes mammalian gut preparations; structure given in first source	3.1	5	0
4-aminocrotonic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
7-benzylidenenaltrexone 7-benzylidenenaltrexone: structure given in first source; a highly selective delta1-opioid receptor antagonist	2.42	2	0	phenanthrenes
ah 13205 AH 13205: an EP(2) receptor agonist and leukotriene B4 antagonist	3.61	9	0
ah 23848 AH 23848: thromboxane antagonist. AH23848 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (1R,2R,5S)- and (1S,2S,5R)-enantiomers of (4Z)-7-{5-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl}hept-4-enoic acid. The hemicalcium salt is a potent, specific thromboxane receptor-blocking drug that is orally active and has a long duration of action.. (1R,2R,5S)-AH23848 : A (4Z)-7-{5-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl}hept-4-enoic acid in which the stereocentres at positions 1, 2 and 5 have R-, R- and S-configuration respectively.	6.22	44	0	(4Z)-7-{5-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl}hept-4-enoic acid
arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide: a potent and selective agonist of the neuronal cannabinoid receptor; structure in first source. arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide : A fatty amide obtained by the formal condensation of arachidonic acid with 2-chloroethanamine. It is a potent agonist of the CB1 receptor (Ki = 1.4 nM) and also has a low affinity for the CB2 receptor (Ki = 3100 nM).	3.66	3	0	fatty amide; organochlorine compound; secondary carboxamide; synthetic cannabinoid	CB1 receptor agonist; CB2 receptor agonist; neuroprotective agent
arachidonylcyclopropylamide arachidonylcyclopropylamide: a potent and selective agonist of neuronal cannabinoid receptor; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
atosiban [no description available]	2.92	4	0	oligopeptide
beta-funaltrexamine beta-funaltrexamine: RN given refers to parent cpd(E)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.25	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
bimatoprost Bimatoprost: A cloprostenol-derived amide that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.	4.91	6	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent
butaprost [no description available]	3.84	3	0
cicaprost cicaprost: RN given refers to (3aS-(2E,3aalpha,4alpha(3R,4R),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer	4.83	33	0	monoterpenoid
clobetasol Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	2.67	3	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; SMO receptor agonist
cloprostenol Cloprostenol: A synthetic prostaglandin F2alpha analog. The compound has luteolytic effects and is used for the synchronization of estrus in cattle.	6.06	22	0	prostanoid
denopamine denopamine: structure given in first source	2.11	1	0	dimethoxybenzene
deamino arginine vasopressin Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.	8.12	30	1	heterodetic cyclic peptide	diagnostic agent; renal agent; vasopressin receptor agonist
desoximetasone Desoximetasone: A topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in DERMATOSES, skin allergies, PSORIASIS, etc.. desoximetasone : Dexamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position is substituted by hydrogen. A synthetic corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic in the treatment of various skin disorders, including skin allergies and psoriasis.	2.45	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
dexmedetomidine [no description available]	3.14	5	0	medetomidine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; non-narcotic analgesic; sedative
fluprostenol fluprostenol: synthetic prostaglandin F 2 alpha analog used as an abortifacient; RN given refers to ((1alpha(Z),2beta(1E,3R*),3alpha,5alpha)-(+-))-isomer. fluprostenol : An organofluorine compound that is racemic prostaglandin F2alpha in which the pentyl group is replaced by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxymethyl group. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha, ophthalmic solutions of its isopropyl ester prodrug, travoprost, are used as a topical medication for controlling the progression of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. The isopropyl ester group of travoprost is hydrolysed to the biologically active free acid by esterases in the cornea.	6.04	27	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	abortifacient; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; female contraceptive drug; prostaglandin receptor agonist
fluticasone Fluticasone: A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.. fluticasone : A trifluorinated corticosteroid used in the form of its propionate ester for treatment of allergic rhinitis.	4.71	6	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; thioester	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug
herbimycin herbimycin: herbicidal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp.; see also herbimycin B; structure for herbimycin A in second source. herbimycin : A 19-membered macrocyle incorporating a benzoquinone ring and a lactam functionality. It is an ansamycin antibiotic that induces apoptosis and displays antitumour effects.	3.7	10	0	1,4-benzoquinones; lactam; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; apoptosis inducer; herbicide; Hsp90 inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
fr 173657 FR 173657: structure given in first source	2.02	1	0
kallidin Kallidin: A decapeptide bradykinin homolog cleaved from kininogen by kallikreins. It is a smooth-muscle stimulant and hypotensive agent that acts by vasodilatation.	4.18	17	0	peptide
iloprost Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.	8.85	119	1	carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol	platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin j2 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2: 15-deoxy-PGJ2 is also available; check for double bonds (indicated by delta) at 12 and 14 positions. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 : A prostaglandin J derivative comprising prostaglandin J2 lacking the 15-hydroxy group and having C=C double bonds at the 12- and 14-positions.	6.44	32	0	prostaglandins J	electrophilic reagent; insulin-sensitizing drug; metabolite
enisoprost [no description available]	4.01	4	0
latanoprost Latanoprost: A prostaglandin F analog used to treat OCULAR HYPERTENSION in patients with GLAUCOMA.. latanoprost : A prostaglandin Falpha that is the isopropyl ester prodrug of latanoprost free acid. Used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	5.82	29	0	isopropyl ester; prostaglandins Falpha; triol	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; prodrug
m&b 28,767 [no description available]	3.1	5	0
enprostil Enprostil: A synthetic PGE2 analog that has an inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion, a mucoprotective effect, and a postprandial lowering effect on gastrin. It has been shown to be efficient and safe in the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers.	7.66	27	2
ono-di-004 [no description available]	4.12	15	0
ono-ae1-329 ONO-AE1-329: a 16-(m-methoxymethyl)phenyl derivative	5.06	40	0
al 8810 AL 8810: a prostaglandin F(2alpha) receptor antagonist; structure in first source	3.16	5	0	long-chain fatty acid
taprostene [no description available]	2.96	4	0	benzoic acids
lysophosphatidic acid lysophosphatidic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate : A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having oleoyl as the 1-O-acyl group.. lysophosphatidic acid : A member of the class of lysophosphatidic acids obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid. A 'closed' class.	5.84	21	1	1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
lysophosphatidylcholines lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl.	5.87	23	1	1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
mdl 100907 Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of SEROTONIN or SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR AGONISTS. Included under this heading are antagonists for one or more specific 5-HT2 receptor subtypes.	2.98	4	0
n-(n-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)alanyl)phenylglycine tert-butyl ester DAPT : A dipeptide consisting of alanylphenylglycine derivatised as a 3,5-difluorophenylacetamide at the amino terminal and a tert-butyl ester at the carboxy terminal. A gamma-secretase inhibitor.	2.5	2	0	carboxylic ester; difluorobenzene; dipeptide; tert-butyl ester	EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
cytochalasin b Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.	5.54	27	0	cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound	actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor
neurokinin a Neurokinin A: A mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in structure and action to SUBSTANCE P and NEUROKININ B with the ability to excite neurons, dilate blood vessels, and contract smooth muscles, such as those in the BRONCHI.	5.1	14	0
neurokinin b Neurokinin B: A mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in structure and action to SUBSTANCE P and NEUROKININ A with the ability to excite neurons, dilate blood vessels, and contract smooth muscles, such as those in the URINARY BLADDER and UTERUS.	3.07	5	0	polypeptide
ono 3708 ONO 3708: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2 antagonist	2.68	3	0
n-(4-amino-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-2-(4-ethylphenoxymethyl)benzamide N-(4-amino-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-2-(4-ethylphenoxymethyl)benzamide: a nociceptin antagonist; structure in first source	3.53	2	0	aminoquinoline
pd 123319 PD123319 : An imidazopyridine consisting of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine having 4-(dimethylamino)-3-methylbenzyl, diphenylacetyl and carboxy and groups at positions 1, 5 and 6 respectively	3.71	10	0	imidazopyridine	angiotensin receptor antagonist; endothelin receptor antagonist; vasoconstrictor agent
calyculin a calyculin A: RN given refers to (5S-(5alpha(2R(1S,3S,4S,5R,6R,7E,9E,11E,13Z),3R),7beta(E(S)),*beta,9alpha))-isomer	2.68	3	0
l796778 L796778: structure in first source. L-796,778 : A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-{[(2S)-1-(4-nitroanilino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-D-norleucyl-L-lysine with methanol. It is a partial agonist of somatostatin subtype receptor 3 (Ki = 24 nM) that exhibits anticonvulsant effects.	2.04	1	0	benzenes; C-nitro compound; L-lysine derivative; L-phenylalanine derivative; methyl ester; oligopeptide; secondary carboxamide; ureas	somatostatin receptor agonist
l803087 L803087: structure in first source. L-803087 : A fluoroindole that is 1H-indole substituted by phenyl, 4-{[(2S)-5-carbamimidamido-1-methoxy-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino}-4-oxobutyl, fluoro and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a selective nonpeptidic agonist of the somatostatin subtype-4 (SST4) receptor with Ki of 0.7 nM.	2.04	1	0	benzenes; fluoroindole; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; phenylindole; secondary carboxamide	somatostatin receptor agonist
u 44069 U 44069: has contractile effect on rat pulmonary veins & arteries; a thromboxane-A2 mimetic	3.22	6	0	prostanoid
r 715 [no description available]	2.01	1	0
rioprostil Rioprostil: A synthetic methylprostaglandin E1 analog that reduces gastric acid secretion and enhances the gastric mucus-bicarbonate barrier. It is effective in the therapy of gastric ulcers and gives significant protection against NSAID-induced gastric mucosal damage. The drug also prevents cyclosporin A-induced damage to endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretions. It shows a low order of acute toxicity and there is no evidence of embryotoxicity, fetotoxicity, teratogenicity, or mutagenicity in animal studies.	2.89	4	0	aliphatic alcohol
sb 223412 SB 223412: SB-223412 is the (S)-(-)-isomer; RN given for (S)-isomer; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
sc-46275 [no description available]	4.02	5	0
sq 29548 SQ 29548: SQ-26538 is the ((1S-1alpha,2beta(5Z),3beta(1E,3R*),4alpha))-isomer; thromboxane A2 antagonist; thromboxane receptor antagonist	5.02	40	0
u-44619 thromboxane A2 agonist : An agonist that binds to and activates thromboxane A2 receptors.	3.09	5	0
vinorelbine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
(3r)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone WIN 55212-2 : A organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5-methyl-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-hi]indole substituted at position 6 by a 1-naphthylcarbonyl group.	2.08	1	0	morpholines; naphthyl ketone; organic heterotricyclic compound; synthetic cannabinoid	analgesic; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
onapristone onapristone: induces vaginal bleeding and luteal regression in monkeys; structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist	3.7	10	0
cl 316243 disodium (R,R)-5-(2-((2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-amino)propyl)-1,3-benzodioxole-2,3-dicarboxylate: structure given in first source	4.11	3	0
kn 93 KN 93: reduces dopamine content in PC12h cells. KN-93 : A sulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of p-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid with the anilino nitrogen of 2-(aminomethyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aniline in which the hydrogens of the primary amino group have been replaced by methyl and p-chlorocinnamyl groups. KN-93 is a selective inhibitor of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.	2.03	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; monomethoxybenzene; primary alcohol; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	EC 2.7.11.17 (Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
silodosin silodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	indolecarboxamide
kn 62 KN 62: inhibitor of Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II	2.4	2	0	piperazines
gw627368x [no description available]	2.03	1	0
s 145 S 145: TXA2/PGH2 receptor antagonist; RN given refers to (+)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 10/88; S-1452 is the calcium hydrate form of S-145	2.91	4	0	monoterpenoid
sulprostone sulprostone: structure	17.93	421	57	prostanoid
7,7-dimethyl-5,8-eicosadienoic acid 7,7-dimethyl-5,8-eicosadienoic acid: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 6/89	2.9	4	0	long-chain fatty acid
5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid 5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source	2.73	3	0	octadecatrienoic acid
stearidonic acid [no description available]	2.72	3	0	long-chain fatty acid; octadecatetraenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	Daphnia galeata metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
11,14,17-eicosatrienoate all-cis-icosa-11,14,17-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis- double bonds at positions 11, 14 and 17.	1.96	1	0	fatty acid 20:3; omega-3 fatty acid
mead acid mead acid: also known as 20:3(n-9). (5Z,8Z,11Z)-icosatrienoic acid : A 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid in which all three double bonds adopt cis-configuration.	1.96	1	0	5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid
12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid: metabolite of arachidonic acid in blood platelet suspension; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	4	14	0	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid; trienoic fatty acid	metabolite
14,15-leukotriene b4 14,15-leukotriene B4: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source	1.96	1	0
8,15-leukotriene b4 8,15-leukotriene B4: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source	2.66	3	0
imolamine [no description available]	2.02	1	0
casticin casticin: from fruit of Vitex rotundifolia; structure in second source. casticin : A tetramethoxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6, 7 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii.	2.21	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; tetramethoxyflavone	apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
biliverdine [no description available]	2.01	1	0
bisdemethoxycurcumin curcumin III: structure in first source. bisdemethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by 4-hydroxycinnamoyl groups.	2.47	2	0	beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; metabolite
cannabigerol cannabigerol: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. cannabigerol : A member of the class of resorcinols that is resorcinol which is substituted by a (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl group at position 2 and by a pentyl group at position 5. It is a natural product found in Cannabis sativa and Helichrysum species.	2.55	2	0	phytocannabinoid; resorcinols	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antioxidant; appetite enhancer; cannabinoid receptor agonist; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
cinnamyl alcohol cinnamyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. (E)-cinnamyl alcohol : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamyl alcohol.. cinnamyl alcohol : A primary alcohol comprising an allyl core with a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position and a phenyl substituent at the 3-position (geometry of the C=C bond unspecified).	2.44	2	0	cinnamyl alcohol	plant metabolite
corylin corylin: from Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae), has osteoblastic proliferation stimulating activity; structure in first source	2.15	1	0
kaempferol 3-o-rhamnoside kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside: from apple (Malus domestica) leaves; structure in first source. afzelin : A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.46	2	0	glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite
syringin syringin: a phenylpropanoid glycoside; see also eleutherosides & lyoniside for eleutheroside A: 474-58-8. syringin : A monosaccharide derivative that is trans-sinapyl alcohol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.42	2	0	beta-D-glucoside; dimethoxybenzene; monosaccharide derivative; primary alcohol	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
linarin linarin: flavone glycoside isolated from leaves of Linaria japonica MIQ	2.31	1	0
ethyl caffeate (E)-ethyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate: structure in first source. ethyl trans-caffeate : An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with ethanol.	2.02	1	0	alkyl caffeate ester; ethyl ester; hydroxycinnamic acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
fustin fustin : A dihydroflavonol that is the 2,3-dihydro derivative of fisetin.. tetrahydroxyflavanone : A hydroxyflavanone with atleast four hydroxy substituents.	2.13	1	0
hypolaetin-8-glucoside hypolaetin-8-glucoside: isolated from Sideritis mugronensis; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
andrographolide [no description available]	3.34	6	0	carbobicyclic compound; gamma-lactone; labdane diterpenoid; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	anti-HIV agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
isofraxidin isofraxidin: also see fraxidin	3.22	5	0	hydroxycoumarin
isoginkgetin isoginkgetin: Isolated from Ginkgo biloba; structure in first source. isoginkgetin : A biflavonoid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation between position 8 of one molecule of 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone and the 3' position of another. Found in the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, it is a potent inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9).	2.01	1	0	aromatic ether; biflavonoid	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.24.35 (gelatinase B) inhibitor; plant metabolite
isorhamnetin 3-o-glucoside isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside: from the flowers of Persea gratissima; structure in first source. isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is isorhamnetin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.	2.07	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	metabolite
juglanin juglanin: antioxidant from Polygonum aviculare; structure in first source	2.21	1	0	flavonoids; glycoside
icariin [no description available]	2.99	4	0	flavonols; glycosyloxyflavone	antioxidant; bone density conservation agent; EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen
licochalcone a licochalcone A: has both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure given in first source; isolated from root of Glycyrrhiza inflata; RN given refers to (E)-isomer	5.11	5	2	chalcones
ligustilide ligustilide: found in Umbelliferae plants; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source	2.49	2	0	butenolide	metabolite
sappanchalcone sappanchalcone: RN given from Toxline; RN not in Chemline 3/85; structure given in first source. sappanchalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that consists of trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 4' and a methoxy group at position 2'. Isolated from Caesalpinia sappan, it exhibits neuroprotective and cytoprotective activity.	2.11	1	0	catechols; chalcones; monomethoxybenzene	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; metabolite
methyl helicterate methyl helicterate: isolated from roots of Helicteres angustifolia L.; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
neoisoliquiritin neoisoliquiritin: inhibits angiogenesis; isolated from licorice root; isoliquiritin is the (E)-isomer; structure in first source; isoliquiritin is also available	2.04	1	0	flavonoids; glycoside
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one: isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellariae radix. oroxylin A : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-6.	2.74	3	0	dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
5,7-dihydroxy-4',6-dimethoxyflavone 5,7-dihydroxy-4',6-dimethoxyflavone: from Cirsium japonicum D. C.. pectolinarigenin : A dimethoxyflavone that is the 6,4'-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein.	2.04	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; dimethoxyflavone	plant metabolite
squamosamide squamosamide: natural compound from Annoma squamosa; FLZ is the synthetic cyclic analog; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
caryophyllene caryophyllene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source	2.99	4	0
furazolidone [no description available]	2.05	1	0
fluvoxamine Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.	2.54	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; 5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
casein kinase ii Casein Kinase II: A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.	2.43	2	0
erbstatin erbstatin: from actinomycetes; an inhibitor of EGF-receptor kinase & other protein-tyrosine kinases; structure in first source	2.41	2	0
tyrphostin b44 tyrphostin B44: inhibits protein kinases; an analog of tyrphostin B46; B44(+) is B50, and is the stereoisomer of B44(-)	2.03	1	0
ag-490 [no description available]	2.77	3	0	catechols; enamide; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile; secondary carboxamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; STAT3 inhibitor
semaxinib semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.	2.47	2	0	olefinic compound; oxindoles; pyrroles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.	2.05	1	0
su 11248 [no description available]	2.46	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrroles	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; neuroprotective agent; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
palbociclib [no description available]	2.11	1	0	aminopyridine; aromatic ketone; cyclopentanes; piperidines; pyridopyrimidine; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
mitoguazone Mitoguazone: Antineoplastic agent effective against myelogenous leukemia in experimental animals. Also acts as an inhibitor of animal S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase.. mitoguazone : A hydrazone obtained by formal condensation of the two carbonyl groups of methylglyoxal with the primary amino groups of two molecules of aminoguanidine.	1.96	1	0	guanidines; hydrazone	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 4.1.1.50 (adenosylmethionine decarboxylase) inhibitor
ergosterol-5,8-peroxide ergosterol-5,8-peroxide: also inhibits sulfatase; isolated from fungus Cercospora kikuchii; structure given in first source. ergosterol peroxide : An ergostanoid that is ergosta-6,22-dien-3-ol with a peroxy group between positions 5 and 8 (the 3beta,5alpha,8alpha,22E stereoisomer). Isolated from Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps sinensis, it exhibits antimycobacterial, trypanocidal and antineoplastic activities.	2.05	1	0	3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; organic peroxide; phytosterols	antimycobacterial drug; antineoplastic agent; metabolite; trypanocidal drug
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.	3.71	10	0	carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom	neurotoxin
tin [no description available]	1.99	1	0	carbon group element atom; elemental tin; metal atom	micronutrient
sulindac sulfide sulindac sulfide: sulfated analog of indomethacin & inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis in vitro; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source. sulindac sulfide : An aryl sulfide that is a metabolite of sulindac. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which also has anticancer activity.	3.39	7	0	aryl sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
butylidenephthalide butylidenephthalide: structure in first source. (Z)-3-butylidenephthalide : A gamma-lactone that is phthalide substituted by a butylidene group at position 3. Isolated from Ligusticum porteri, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	1.97	1	0	isobenzofuranone
11-hydroxy-5,8,12,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 11-hydroxy-5,8,12,14-eicosatetraenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	3.5	8	0
12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid: A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51)	10.36	94	4
13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid: RN given refers to (E,Z)-isomer; RN for unspecified isomer not in Chemline 8/12/83. 13-HPODE : An HPODE (hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid) in which the double bonds are at positions 9 and 11 (E and Z geometry, respectively) and the hydroperoxy group is at position 13.	2.67	3	0	hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; octadecadienoic acid
15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	9.15	85	1
5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid: RN given is for cpd without isomeric designation; an arachidonate metabolite which stimulates neutrophils to mobilize Ca and promotes PMN degranulation responses	2.02	1	0
6,7-dihydroxyflavone 6,7-dihydroxyflavone: intensifies effect of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source	3.01	4	0
4-amylcinnamoylanthranilic acid 4-amylcinnamoylanthranilic acid: phospholipase A2 inhibitor. N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 4-pentylcinnamoyl group. It is a transient receptor potential (TRP) channel blocker and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor.	2.43	2	0	amidobenzoic acid; cinnamamides; secondary carboxamide	EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; TRP channel blocker
bay 11-7082 (E)-3-tosylacrylonitrile : A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the hydrogen located beta,trans to the cyano group is replaced by a tosyl group. It is an inhibitor of cytokine-induced IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells.	3.88	11	0	nitrile; sulfone	apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor
bay 11-7085 BAY11-7085 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [(E)-2-cyanoethenyl]sulfonyl and tert-butyl groups at position 1 and 4, respectively. It is an irreversible inhibitor of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells (IC50 = 10 muM) and prevents the activation of NF-kappaB.	3.86	4	0	benzenes; nitrile; sulfone	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; NF-kappaB inhibitor
methyl 2,5-dihydroxycinnamate methyl 2,5-dihydroxycinnamate: structure given in first source. 2,5-dihydroxycinnamic acid methyl ester : A cinnamate ester that is the methyl ester of 2,5-dihydroxycinnamic acid.	1.98	1	0	cinnamate ester; hydroquinones; methyl ester	EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; plant metabolite
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.	2.48	2	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; indoles; organofluorine compound
8-hydroxy-11,12-epoxyeicosa-5,9,14-trienoic acid hepoxilin : Mono-hydroxy epoxy icosatrienoic acids which are generated along the 12-lipoxygenase pathway.	4.19	5	0
10-hydroxy-11,12-epoxyeicosa-5,8,14-trienoic acid 10-hydroxy-11,12-epoxyeicosa-5,8,14-trienoic acid: structure in 2nd source	1.96	1	0
molsidomine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion	antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)	7.15	114	0
cesium Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.	2.39	2	0	alkali metal atom
barium Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.	3.59	9	0	alkaline earth metal atom; elemental barium
flavokawain a flavokawain A: from kava extract, induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	chalcones
7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin: possess strong antioxidant and radical scavenging activities; structure in first source	2.1	1	0	hydroxycoumarin
flavokawain b flavokawain B: from Piper methysticum Forst (Kava Kava) roots; structure in first source. flavokawain B : A member of the class of chalcones that consists of trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 2' and methoxy groups at positions 4' and 6'. Isolated from Piper methysticum and Piper rusbyi, it exhibits antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities.	2.46	2	0	chalcones; dimethoxybenzene; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; antileishmanial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite
rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.	3.48	8	0	alkali metal atom
trimethyltin trimethyltin : An organotin compound that consists of stannane in which three of the four hydrogens are substituted by methyl groups.	2	1	0
codeine phosphate [no description available]	2.1	1	0
aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.	6.54	15	1	boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom
levorphanol Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.	1.96	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
strontium Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.	3.24	6	0	alkaline earth metal atom
bismuth Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209.	6.48	14	1	metal atom; pnictogen
dihydromorphine Dihydromorphine: A semisynthetic analgesic used in the study of narcotic receptors.	2.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
alternariol alternariol: structure. alternariol : A benzochromenone that is 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7, and 9. It is the most important mycotoxin produced by the black mould Alternaria species, which are the most common mycoflora infecting small grain cereals worldwide.	2.21	1	0	benzochromenone; phenols	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.82	11	0	metalloid atom; pnictogen	micronutrient
indium Indium: A metallic element, atomic number 49, atomic weight 114.818, symbol In. It is named from its blue line in the spectrum.. indium atom : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant indigo (Latin indicum) blue line in its flame spectrum.	1.99	1	0	boron group element atom
naltrexone Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.	4.22	17	0	cyclopropanes; morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; environmental contaminant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
morphine-6-glucuronide morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.49	2	0	morphinane alkaloid
dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.	2.72	3	0	6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene	antitussive; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; oneirogen; prodrug; xenobiotic
dextrorphan Dextrorphan: Dextro form of levorphanol. It acts as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, among other effects, and has been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. It is also a metabolite of DEXTROMETHORPHAN.	1.96	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
butorphanol Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.	2.44	2	0	morphinane alkaloid	antitussive; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
cefixime [no description available]	2.47	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
delapril delapril: RN refers to HCl; structure given in first source	2.38	2	0	peptide
lisinopril Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.69	3	0	dipeptide	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	1.97	1	0	benzazepine; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; lactam	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
ramipril Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.	4.32	7	0	azabicycloalkane; cyclopentapyrrole; dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; prodrug
ridogrel [no description available]	3.24	6	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
indinavir sulfate Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; piperazinecarboxamide	HIV protease inhibitor
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	2.42	2	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
ethyl oleate [no description available]	1.96	1	0	long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester	acaricide; plant metabolite
geldanamycin [no description available]	2.42	2	0
zimeldine Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)	2.07	1	0	styrenes
2,3-oxidosqualene 2,3-oxidosqualene: an oxidized derivative of SQUALENE that can fold in several ways: chair-boat-chair-boat to LANOSTEROL; chair-chair-chair-boat to dammarane; or all chair to hopane and on to cycloartenol; RN given refers to (all-Z)-isomer. 2,3-epoxysqualene : A squalene triterpenoid obtained by formal epoxidation across the 2,3 C=C bond of squalene.	2.05	1	0	epoxide; squalene triterpenoid
kavain [no description available]	2.07	1	0	racemate	glycine receptor antagonist
dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol: structure given in first source. dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol : A guaiacyl lignin obtained by cyclodimerisation of coniferol.	2.11	1	0	1-benzofurans; guaiacols; guaiacyl lignin; primary alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite
germacrene d germacrene D: RN in 9th CI Form Index for unspecified stereoisomer: 37839-63-7	2.08	1	0
abscisic acid, (+,-)-isomer 2-cis-abscisic acid : A member of the class of abscisic acids in which the double bond betweeen positions 2 and 3 has cis- (natural) geometry.	2.07	1	0	abscisic acids	abscisic acid receptor agonist
diphenylhexatriene Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.	2.37	2	0	alkatriene	fluorochrome
veratrine Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator.	2.68	3	0	alkaloid
urolithin b urolithin B: has antiproliferative activity; structure in first source	2.25	1	0	coumarins
maesanin maesanin: RN given from Chemical Abstracts 1989 Index Guide; RN given refers to (Z)-isomer	2	1	0
puerarin [no description available]	2.1	1	0	C-glycosyl compound; isoflavonoid
ajoene ajoene: major antiplatelet compound in methanol extract of garlic; also inhibits trypanothione reductase.	2	1	0	sulfoxide
apigenin-7-o-glucuronide apigenin-7-O-glucuronide: from the leaves and flowers of the cannabinoid-free cannabis (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa L., Cannabaceae); structure in first source	2.13	1	0	flavonoids; glucosiduronic acid
enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).	8.31	27	5	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug
vinblastine sulfate [no description available]	2.07	1	0
nitrofurazone Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.	2.05	1	0
prostaglandin e2 methyl ester prostaglandin E2 methyl ester: RN given refers to (5Z,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	3.36	7	0	prostanoid
catharanthine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	alkaloid ester; bridged compound; methyl ester; monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound
cytochalasin e cytochalasin E: structure	2.07	1	0	cytochalasan alkaloid	metabolite
cytochalasin d [no description available]	2.07	1	0
sinomenine sinomenine: isolated from root of Sinomenium acutum; antirheumatic, antineuralgic	3.55	8	0	morphinane alkaloid
ecdysterone Ecdysterone: A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysterone is the 20-hydroxylated ECDYSONE.. 20-hydroxyecdysone : An ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20.	2.48	2	0	14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; ecdysteroid; phytoecdysteroid	animal metabolite; plant metabolite
deoxyribose [no description available]	2.08	1	0	deoxypentose	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
fumarates Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-)	2.49	2	0	butenedioate; C4-dicarboxylate	human metabolite; metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
beryllium Beryllium: An element with the atomic symbol Be, atomic number 4, and atomic weight 9.01218. Short exposure to this element can lead to a type of poisoning known as BERYLLIOSIS.. beryllium atom : Alkaline earth metal atom with atomic number 4.	2.02	1	0	alkaline earth metal atom; elemental beryllium; metal allergen	adjuvant; carcinogenic agent; epitope
bleomycin [no description available]	2.47	2	0	bleomycin	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	6.75	44	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].	2.89	4	0	carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	5.45	15	1	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
heroin Heroin: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Parts 329.1, 1308.11 (1987). Sale is forbidden in the United States by Federal statute. (Merck Index, 11th ed). heroin : A morphinane alkaloid that is morphine bearing two acetyl substituents on the O-3 and O-6 positions. As with other opioids, heroin is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and physical dependence, which may develop into addiction. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses.	2.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; prodrug
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)- [no description available]	3.34	6	0	peptide
enalaprilat anhydrous Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.	4.88	8	1	dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
normorphine normorphine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer	2.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid: chromogen in glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for determining serum glucose; used in free radical scavenging assays; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
ramiprilat ramiprilat : A dipeptide that is the active metabolite of ramipril. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.	2.02	1	0	azabicycloalkane; cyclopentapyrrole; dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist; cardioprotective agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
nitecapone nitecapone: structure given in first source	2.9	4	0	hydroxycinnamic acid
irigenin irigenin: a phytoestrogen derived from Belamcanda chinensis with an antiproliferative effect on prostate cancer cells in vitro. irigenin : A hydroxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 3' and methoxy groups at positions 6, 4' and 5' respectively.	2.03	1	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; hydroxyisoflavone	plant metabolite
imidapril imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.	2.42	2	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; imidazolidines; N-acylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
bakuchiol bakuchiol: chief component of Psoralea corylifolia Linn; structure	2.97	4	0
s-trans,trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid farnesylthiosalicylic acid: structure in first source	2.07	1	0	sesquiterpenoid
demethoxycurcumin demethoxycurcumin: corresponds to curcumin with one methoxy group replaced by hydrogen; isolated from rhizomes of Curcuma longa. demethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which one of the methoxy groups is replaced by hydrogen. It is found in Curcuma zedoaria and Etlingera elatior.	2.05	1	0	beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
panaxynol [no description available]	2.6	1	0	long-chain fatty alcohol
zerumbone zerumbone: RN given for (E,E,E)-isomer; structure in first source. zerumbone : A sesquiterpenoid and cyclic ketone that is (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene which is substituted by an oxo group at the carbon atom attached to two double bonds. It is obtained by steam distillation from a type of edible ginger, Zingiber zerumbet Smith, grown particularly in southeast Asia.	3.82	3	0	cyclic ketone; sesquiterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor; plant metabolite
artepillin c artepillin C: RN refers to (E)-isomer	2.04	1	0
sulindac sulfone sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.	3.72	10	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfone	apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
cinanserin Cinanserin: A serotonin antagonist with limited antihistaminic, anticholinergic, and immunosuppressive activity.. cinanserin : An aryl sulfide that is (2E)-3-phenyl-N-(2-sulfanylphenyl)prop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen of the thiol group is substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. It is a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist and an inhibitor of SARS-CoV replication.	1.97	1	0	aryl sulfide; cinnamamides; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor
solanesol solanesol : A nonaprenol that is hexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-nonaen-1-ol substituted by 9 methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31 and 35 (the all-trans0stereoisomer).	2.07	1	0	nonaprenol; primary alcohol	plant metabolite
pepstatin pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin	1.97	1	0	pentapeptide; secondary carboxamide	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor
ximelagatran ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.	2.05	1	0	amidoxime; azetidines; carboxamide; ethyl ester; hydroxylamines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary carboxamide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; prodrug; serine protease inhibitor
ceftriaxone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,2,4-triazines; 1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
norbinaltorphimine norbinaltorphimine: kappa opiate receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.98	4	0	isoquinolines
monodehydroascorbate semidehydroascorbic acid: structure	2.08	1	0	organic radical	mouse metabolite
ici 118551 ICI 118551: RN given refers to (R,R)-(+-)-isomer; structure in first source; ICI 111581 is hydrochloride of ICI 118551. ICI 118551 : An indane substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 4 by a 3-(isopropylamino)-2-hydroxybutoxy group (the 2R,3S-diastereomer).	3.7	10	0	aromatic ether; indanes; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic antagonist
trandolapril trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
morphine-3-glucuronide morphine-3-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.78	3	0	morphinane alkaloid
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-: An enkephalin analog that selectively binds to the MU OPIOID RECEPTOR. It is used as a model for drug permeability experiments.	5.53	16	1
strontium radioisotopes Strontium Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of strontium that decay or disintegrate spontaneously emitting radiation. Sr 80-83, 85, and 89-95 are radioactive strontium isotopes.	3.99	4	0
enkephalinamide-met, ala(2)-n-me(5)- [no description available]	1.96	1	0
troxerutin troxerutin: used in treatment of venous disorders; structure; venoruton & oxerutin is a mixture of hydroxyethyl rutinosides	2.21	1	0
3,3'-dipentyl-2,2'-oxacarbocyanine 3,3'-dipentyl-2,2'-oxacarbocyanine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,3'-dipentyloxacarbocyanine : The cationic form of a C3 cyanine dye having 3-pentyl-1,3-benzoxazol-2(3H)-yl units at each end. A fluorescent compound that preferentially stains chronic myelogenic leukemia cells.	1.97	1	0	benzoxazolium ion; cyanine dye	fluorochrome
enkephalin-met, ala(2)- enkephalin-Met, Ala(2)-: synthetic analog of methionine enkephalin	1.96	1	0
naltrindole benzofuran naltrindole benzofuran: structure given in first source	2.02	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
tiotropium tiotropium : A quaternary ammonium ion obtained by methylation of the tertiary amino group of (1alpha,2beta,4beta,5alpha,7beta)-7-[(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl)oxy]-9-methyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.0(2,4)]nonane. Used (in the form of the bromide hydrate) for maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.	2.07	1	0
cgp 52608 CGP 52608: structure given in first source	2.01	1	0	thiazolidinone
3,8-dihydroxy-6h-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one 3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one: metabolite of ellagic acid	2.63	2	0	coumarins	geroprotector
uroguanylin uroguanylin: amino acid sequence given in first source; stimulates intestinal guanylate cyclase; GenBank Z83746 (pig)	3.15	1	0
guanylin guanylin: from rat jejunum; contains 15 amino acids; activator of intestinal guanylate cyclase; stimulates this enzyme through the same receptor binding region as the heat-stable enterotoxins; amino acid sequence given in first source; GenBank Z73607 (pig)	1.99	1	0
3-methylsydnone-5-nitrosimine 3-methylsydnone-5-nitrosimine: structure given in first source	2	1	0
aliskiren aliskiren: orally active nonpeptidic renin inhibitor. aliskiren : A monomethoxybenzene compound having a 3-methoxypropoxy group at the 2-position and a multi-substituted branched alkyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.13	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene	antihypertensive agent
arachidonyl-coenzyme a arachidonoyl-CoA : An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of arachidononic acid.	2.67	3	0	arachidonoyl bioconjugate; unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA
n-acetylsphingosine N-acetylsphingosine: inhibits phospholipase D. N-acetylsphingosine : A N-acylsphingosine that has an acetamido group at position 2.	3.27	6	0	N-acylsphingosine
triolein Triolein: (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester.. triolein : A triglyceride formed by esterification of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol with oleic acid. Triolein is one of the two components of Lorenzo's oil.	1.99	1	0	triglyceride	Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite; plant metabolite
docosapentaenoic acid docosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C22 fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid : The all-cis-isomer of a C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five double bonds in the 7-, 10-, 13-, 16- and 19-positions.	3.83	2	1	docosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite
naltrindole naltrindole: delta opioid receptor antagonist	3.18	5	0	isoquinolines
gedunin gedunin: isolated from neem (Azadirachta indica); structure in first source. gedunin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid natural product found particularly in Azadirachta indica and Cedrela odorata.	2.11	1	0	limonoid
(1S,15S,17R,18R,19S,20S)-6,18-dimethoxy-17-[oxo-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1,3,11,12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21-dodecahydroyohimban-19-carboxylic acid methyl ester [no description available]	2.07	1	0	yohimban alkaloid
guanabenz acetate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene	geroprotector
guanabenz Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.68	3	0	dichlorobenzene
famotidine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
bafilomycin a [no description available]	1.99	1	0
resiniferatoxin resiniferatoxin: phorbol related diterpene ester; potent agonist of vanilloid TRPV1 receptors. resiniferatoxin : A heteropentacyclic compound found in Euphorbia poissonii with molecular formula C37H40O9. It is an agonist of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TrpV1).	2.98	4	0	carboxylic ester; diterpenoid; enone; monomethoxybenzene; organic heteropentacyclic compound; ortho ester; phenols; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	analgesic; neurotoxin; plant metabolite; TRPV1 agonist
abscisic acid Abscisic Acid: Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.. (S)-2-trans-abscisic acid : A 2-trans-abscisic acid with (S)-configuration at the chiral centre.. (+)-abscisic acid : The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold.	3.31	6	0	2-trans-abscisic acid
n-caproylsphingosine N-(hexanoyl)sphing-4-enine : An N-acylsphingosine consisting of sphing-4-enine bearing a hexanoyl group on nitrogen.	2.44	2	0	N-acylsphingosine
3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine 3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine: RN given refers to parent cpd. dilC18(3)(1+) : The cationic form of a C3 cyanine dye having 3,3-dimethyl-1-octadecylindoleinine units at each end.	2.01	1	0	Cy5 dye; indolium ion	fluorochrome
1-(4'-carboxyethyl)-6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene 1-(4'-carboxyethyl)-6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene: fluorescence donor in membrane fusion	1.97	1	0
carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.	2.92	4	0	cyanine dye; organic iodide salt	fluorochrome
cefotaxime Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
aztreonam [no description available]	2.05	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; monobactam	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
nw 1029 Ralfinamide: Sodium Channel Blocker; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
levuglandin e2 levuglandin E2: secoprostanoid from prostaglandin endoperoxide; gamma-ketoaldehyde cpd; structure given in first source; related to prostaglandin E2	3.07	5	0	levuglandin
cinidon-ethyl Lotus: A genus of the PEA FAMILY. The genus Lotus, formerly known as Tetragonolobus, is unrelated to other plants with the common name of lotus (NELUMBO and NYMPHAEA).. cinidon ethyl : A carboxylic ester and organochlorine compound that is the ethyl ester of cinidon.	2.21	1	0	ethyl ester; isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes	herbicide
4-hydroxycordoin 4-hydroxycordoin: antibacterial and anti-inflammatory from Lonchocarpus neuroscapha Benth. (Fabaceae); structure in first source. 4-hydroxycordoin : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at position 4 and 2' and a (3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxy group at position 4'. It has been isolated from Lonchocarpus neuroscapha.	2.06	1	0	aromatic ether; chalcones; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite
tg4-155 TG4-155: an EP2 receptor antagonist; structure in first source	3.19	1	0
1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer; member of a class of cationic lipid formulations called cytofectins	2.44	2	0
6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2h-pyran-2-one 6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2H-pyran-2-one: structure given in first source; potent irreversible, mechanism-based inhibitor of myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A2	3.63	9	0	naphthalenes
st 638 [no description available]	2.38	2	0
flumethrin flumethrin: synthetic pyrethrin insecticide	2.31	1	0
indicaxanthin indicaxanthin: structure in first source	2.11	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
ammonium sulfate Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils.	2.38	2	0	ammonium salt; inorganic sulfate salt	fertilizer
bisabolol bisabolol: monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol with strong bacteriocidal effects, especilly against M. Tuberc.; isolated from seed plant Populus tacamacaha; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric desigation	2.06	1	0
2-amino-4-methoxy-3-butenoic acid 2-amino-4-methoxy-3-butenoic acid: bacterial toxin isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa; RN given refers to (S-(E))-isomer	1.96	1	0
4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.	4.48	23	0
12-o-retinoylphorbol-13-acetate [no description available]	2.4	2	0
proguanil Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.	2.05	1	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
3,5-di-tert-butylchalcone 4'-carboxylic acid 3,5-di-tert-butylchalcone 4'-carboxylic acid: inducer of differentiation; induces suppression of c-mos expression in teratocarcinoma cell; structure given in first source	2.25	1	0
am-356 methanandamide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (all-Z)-(+-)-isomer	3.53	8	0	fatty amide
monorden monorden: inhibits HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, DNA topoisomerase VI and human Topoisomerase II	2.07	1	0	cyclic ketone; enone; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antifungal agent; metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
iodoresiniferatoxin iodoresiniferatoxin: a vanilloid receptor 1 antagonist	2.02	1	0
rifamycin sv rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol; rifamycins	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; bacterial metabolite
ginkgolide b [no description available]	2.07	1	0
ono 1301 ONO 1301: a non-prostanoid prostaglandin I2 mimetic coumpound with inhibitory activity against thromboxane A2 synthase; structure given in first source	2.93	4	0
mastoparan [no description available]	3.09	5	0	mastoparans; peptidyl amide	antimicrobial agent
saralasin Saralasin: An octapeptide analog of angiotensin II (bovine) with amino acids 1 and 8 replaced with sarcosine and alanine, respectively. It is a highly specific competitive inhibitor of angiotensin II that is used in the diagnosis of HYPERTENSION.	4.55	25	0	oligopeptide
tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels.	5.89	97	0	azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid	animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
germanium Germanium: A rare metal element with a blue-gray appearance and atomic symbol Ge, atomic number 32, and atomic weight 72.63.	2.02	1	0	carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom
selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.	6.57	25	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
phosphorus pentoxide phosphorus pentoxide: drying agent for bacterial cultural extracts analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography; structure. diphosphonate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from diphosphonic acid.	1.99	1	0
oxalates Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure.	2.7	3	0
1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine 1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine: RN given in first source; RN refers to ion(1-); do not confuse with DEA-NO cpd	3.11	5	0	organic anion
aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, drug combination aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, simethicone drug combination: antacid contains aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and simethicone; mylanta II contains aluminum/magnesium hydroxide mixture	2.89	4	0
(3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid Fluvastatin: An indole-heptanoic acid derivative that inhibits HMG COA REDUCTASE and is used to treat HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. In contrast to other statins, it does not appear to interact with other drugs that inhibit CYP3A4.. (3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have S configuration.. fluvastatin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia.	2.74	3	0	(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
epoprostenol sodium [no description available]	2.4	2	0	prostanoid
ethyl linolenate ethyl linolenate : A long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of linolenic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol.	1.96	1	0
4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester: RN given refers to compound with specified unsaturation and no isomeric designation	2	1	0
fk 409 FK 409: structure given in first source; from Streptomyces griseoporeus	2.71	3	0
homatropine hydrobromide, (endo-(+-)-isomer) [no description available]	2.07	1	0
hydrocotarnine hydrobromide [no description available]	2.07	1	0
salsolinol hydrobromide [no description available]	2.07	1	0
dihydroergotoxine Dihydroergotoxine: A mixture of three different hydrogenated derivatives of ERGOTAMINE: DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. Dihydroergotoxine has been proposed to be a neuroprotective agent and a nootropic agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not clear, but it can act as an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a dopamine agonist. The methanesulfonate salts of this mixture of alkaloids are called ERGOLOID MESYLATES.	1.96	1	0
dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid.	3.72	10	0	maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.	2.46	2	0	amidobenzoic acid
lasalocid sodium lasalocid sodium : The sodium salt of lasalocid. It is a veterinary ionophore antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry.	2.07	1	0	benzoates; organic sodium salt	coccidiostat; ionophore
pregnanediol [no description available]	2.67	3	0
cadinol cadinol: from callus cultures of Chamomilla recutita (Asteraceae)	2.08	1	0
robenacoxib robenacoxib: an NSAID, COX-2 inhibitor, and analgesic. robenacoxib : An aromatic amino acid that is 2-amino-5-ethylphenylacetic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl group. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor that is used in veterinary medicine for the relief of pain and inflammation in cats and dogs.	4.39	4	1	aromatic amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; phenylacetic acids; secondary amino compound	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cinmethacin [no description available]	1.98	1	0	indole-3-acetic acids
24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d 3 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3: A physiologically active metabolite of VITAMIN D. The compound is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, and enhancing the calcemic effect of CALCITRIOL.	3.78	11	0
luprostenol luprostenol: RN given refers to 1S-(1alpha(Z),2beta(*R),3alpha,5alpha)-isomer	2.05	1	0
sclerotiorin sclerotiorin: isolated from monoverticillate Penicillia; RN given for (R-(R,S-(E,E)))-isomer; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	azaphilone
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer	2	1	0
mexiprostil mexiprostil: RN given refers to (11alpha,13E,15R,16R)-isomer	2.37	2	0
6-(4-(2-(((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-6-(3-pyridyl)hex-5-enoic acid 6-(4-(2-(((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-6-(3-pyridyl)hex-5-enoic acid: combined thromboxane A2 receptor & thromboxane synthesis inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (E)-isomer	1.99	1	0
nileprost nileprost: stable prostacyclin analog; RN given refers to (E)-(3aR,4R,5R,6aS)(E)-(3S,4RS)-isomer	2.89	4	0
bafilomycin a1 bafilomycin A1: from Streptomyces griseus; structure given in first source. bafilomycin A1 : The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus.	2.7	3	0	cyclic hemiketal; macrolide antibiotic; oxanes	apoptosis inducer; autophagy inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; fungicide; potassium ionophore; toxin
falcarindiol falcarindiol: from leaves of Schefflera digitata (Araliaceae) and in carrots; inhibits germination of spores of most common dermatophyte fungi	2.61	2	0	organic molecular entity	metabolite
himbacine himbacine: muscarine receptor antagonist; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha,3aalpha,4beta(1E,2(2R,6S)),4abeta,8aalpha,9aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source. himbacine : A piperidine alkaloid that is decahydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-1(3H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a 2-[(2R,6S)-1,6-dimethylpiperidin-2-yl]ethenyl group at position 4. It has been isolated from the bark of Australian magnolias.	2.07	1	0	gamma-lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound; piperidine alkaloid	muscarinic antagonist
carboprostacyclin carboprostacyclin: potent stable prostacyclin analog which inhibits platelet aggretation; do not confuse with carboprost (15-methyl-PGF2alpha); RN given refers to (3aS-(2Z,3aalpha,4alpha(1E,R*),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source	4.34	20	0	prostanoid
misoprostol acid misoprostol acid: de-esterified metabolite of misoprostol	2.4	2	0
ebelactone b ebelactone B: esterase inhibitor; structure given in first source; see also ebelactone A	2.07	1	0
1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol [no description available]	5.03	16	0	1,2-diglyceride
sq 28053 [no description available]	2.7	3	0
involucrin involucrin: soluble precursor protein of cross-linked envelope characteristic of epidermal s. corneum synthesized by keratinocytes in natural & cultured human epithelia; see also related records for prekeratin & stratum corneum basic protein precursor	2.15	1	0
15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; (S-(E,Z,Z,Z))-isomer caused dose-dependent constriction of cat coronary arteries; structure in first source. 15-HPETE : A HPETE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-icosatetraenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 15.	3.85	12	0	HPETE	human xenobiotic metabolite
manoalide manoalide: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; sesterterpene from marine sponge L. variabilis; structure given in first source. manoalide : A sesterterpenoid isolated from the marine sponge Luffariella variabilis and which has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity towards phospholipase A2.	2.67	3	0	butenolide; lactol; sesterterpenoid	EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; metabolite
piriprost piriprost: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
2-methyl-3-(4-(3-pyridinylmethyl)phenyl)-2-propenoic acid 2-methyl-3-(4-(3-pyridinylmethyl)phenyl)-2-propenoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer	5.26	17	0
sphingosine phosphorylcholine sphingosine phosphorylcholine: a wound healing agent	2.03	1	0
diarachidonyl diglyceride diradylglycerol : Any lipid that is glycerol bearing two substituent groups - either acyl, alkyl, or alk-1-enyl - at any two of the three possible positions.	2.37	2	0
3-o-methylbutein 3-O-methylbutein: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	chalcones
concanamycin a concanamycin A: from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes S-45; inhibits vacuolar H+ ATPase. concanamycin A : A concanamycin in which the lactone ring contains 4 double bonds and is substituted by 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxy groups, 2 methoxy groups and an ethyl group.	2.07	1	0	carbamate ester; concanamycin	antifungal agent; EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor; metabolite
e 5110 E 5110: structure given in first source	2.37	2	0
manumycin manumycin: an NSAID; RN given for (1S-(1alpha,3(2E,4E,6S*),5alpha,5(1E,3E,5E),6alpha))-isomer; a farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor; from Streptomyces parvulus; MF C31-H38-N2-O7; structure given in first source. manumycin A : A polyketide with formula C31H38N2O7 initially isolated from Streptomyces parvulus as a result of a random screening program for farnesyl transferase (FTase) inhibitors. It is a natural product that exhibits anticancer and antibiotic properties.	2.42	2	0	enamide; epoxide; organic heterobicyclic compound; polyketide; secondary carboxamide; tertiary alcohol	antiatherosclerotic agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor; marine metabolite
plastochromanol 8 plastochromanol 8: has antiproliferative activity against 3T3-L1 cells and anti-adipogenic activity; structure; plastochromanol 3 is gamma-tocotrienol	2.08	1	0
igmesine [no description available]	3.38	1	1
7-(3-(3-hydroxy-4-(4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-yl)-5-heptenoic acid 7-(3-(3-hydroxy-4-(4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-yl)-5-heptenoic acid: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor agonist; RN given refers to the (125I) labeled cpd	2.69	3	0
bwa 4c [no description available]	3.08	5	0
squalestatin 1 squalestatin 1: structure given in first source; inhibits both mammalian and fungal squalene synthetase; from fungus Phoma sp (Coelomycetes). zaragozic acid A : A polyketide isolated from fungi that is a potent inhibitor of fungal and mammalian squalene synthase.	2.02	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; oxabicycloalkane; polyketide; tertiary alcohol; tricarboxylic acid	EC 2.5.1.21 (squalene synthase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite
ono 4057 ONO-LB 457: LTB4 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.69	3	0
op 2507 OP 2507: prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
viprostol viprostol: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (5Z,11alpha,13E)-isomer	6.83	25	3
limaprost limaprost: RN given refers to (2E,11alpha,13E,15S,17S)-isomer	2.39	2	0	long-chain fatty acid
n-acetyl-s-farnesylcysteine N-acetyl-S-farnesylcysteine: inhibits prenyl-cysteine carboxyl methyl transferases	1.99	1	0	sesquiterpenoid
2-(4-amylcinnamoyl)amino-4-chlorobenzoic acid 2-(4-amylcinnamoyl)amino-4-chlorobenzoic acid: phospholipase A2 inhibitor	2.39	2	0
thermozymocidin thermozymocidin: a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor; FTY720 is an analog	2.07	1	0	alpha-amino fatty acid; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sphingoid	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
9-o-methanoprostaglandin i 9-O-methanoprostaglandin I: shows weak inhibitory activity in rabbit platelet aggregation induced by ADP; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.39	2	0
ici 192605 ICI 192605: structure given in first source; thromboxane receptor antagonist	3.51	8	0
19-hydroxyprostaglandin e1 19-hydroxyprostaglandin E1: RN given refers to (11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	4.32	6	0
u 75412e U 75412E: a member of the lazaroid family of 21-amino steroid derivatives	1.98	1	0
e 5090 E 5090: orally active inhibitor of IL-1 generation	1.97	1	0
2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-o-glucopyranoside 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-glucopyranoside: isolated from dried root tubers of Polygonum multiflorum; structure in first source	2.17	1	0
14,15-episulfide eicosatrienoic acid 14,15-episulfide eicosatrienoic acid: inhibits ionophore but not thrombin-induced platelet aggregation	2.07	1	0
l 651896 L 651896: structure given in first source	2.66	3	0
tmk 777 [no description available]	1.98	1	0
tussilagone tussilagone: an oplopanone type saturated indene sesquiterpene; platelet activating factor antagonist	2.48	2	0
zk 110841 ZK 110841: a pharmacologically active prostaglandin D2 analog	1.97	1	0
gr 63799x GR 63799X: prostanoid with selectivity for EP3 receptors; structure given in first source; EP3 receptor agonist	3.5	8	0
15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinylprostaglandin e2 15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinylprostaglandin E2: RN given refers to (5Z,11alpha,13E)-isomer; structure given in first source	4.6	6	1
13,14-dihydroxy-15-ketoprostaglandin f2alpha 13,14-dihydroxy-15-ketoprostaglandin F2alpha: RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha)-isomer	2.42	2	0
17-hydroxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoic acid 17-hydroxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoic acid: RN given refers to (E,Z,Z,Z,Z,Z)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/90. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid : A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of 4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 17-hydroxy substituent.	4.44	3	0	hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid; secondary allylic alcohol	human xenobiotic metabolite
tmk 688 TMK 688: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
biofor 389 [no description available]	2.9	4	0
tei 3356 TEI 3356: a prostaglandin E receptor agonist; inhibits endothelin-induced DNA synthesis in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells; structure given in first source	2.68	3	0
e 3330 E 3330: structure given in first source; MW 378.47	2.69	3	0
ici d1542 ICI D1542: redirects arachidonic acid metabolism; an inhibitor of thromboxane A2 synthetase and of thromboxane receptors	2.07	1	0
2-furanacryloyl-leucyl-glycyl-prolyl-alanine 2-furanacryloyl-leucyl-glycyl-prolyl-alanine: substrate for collagenase & endopeptidase	2.31	1	0
17,17-dimethylprostaglandin e2 17,17-dimethylprostaglandin E2: prostaglandin E antag	3.06	5	0
ro 22-6923 Ro 22-6923: RN given refers to (5Z,11alpha,13E,15R)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.37	2	0
14-hydroxydocosahexaenoate 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	4.44	3	0
fce 20700 [no description available]	5.41	8	2
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione: steroid from guggulu extract; RN & N1 from C1 Form index; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source; antagonist of farnesoid X receptor	2.98	4	0	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
eicosa-5,11,14-trienoic acid eicosa-5,11,14-trienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.49	2	0
5,6-dihydroprostacyclin 5,6-dihydroprostacyclin: RN given refers to (6S,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	2.36	2	0
marein marein: hypoglycemic from Coreopsis tinctoria; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	flavonoids; glycoside
curdione curdione: from Curcuma wenyujin; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	germacrane sesquiterpenoid
16,16-dimethylprostaglandin f2alpha 16,16-dimethylprostaglandin F2alpha: RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15R)-isomer	2.37	2	0
phxa 85 PhXa 85: RN given for (1R-(1alpha(Z),2beta(R*),3alpha,5alpha))-isomer	2.69	3	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
17-phenylprostaglandin f2alpha 17-phenylprostaglandin F2alpha: used in treatment of vasomotor rhinitis	1.98	1	0
cl 115574 CL 115574: antisecretory prostaglandin E analog; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
tagitinin tagitinin: from Tithonia tagitiflora; RN given refers to tagitinin E; structures	2.31	1	0
sq 26536 SQ 26536: SQ 26,538 is the 15-epimer of SQ 26,536; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (1S-(1alpha,2alpha(Z)(1E,3R*),4alpha))-isomer	1.96	1	0
sm 10906 SM 10906: a prostacyclin I1 (PGI1) analog; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
e 5531 E 5531: endotoxin antagonist; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
bifenthrin bifenthrin: a type I pyrethroid. bifenthrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of cis-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and [(2-methyl-1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl]methanol.. kappa-bifenthrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (1R,3R)-3-[(1Z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of [(2-methyl-1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl]methanol.	2.78	3	0	carboxylic ester; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide
prostaglandin f-main urinary metabolite prostaglandin F-main urinary metabolite: urinary metabolites of PGF2alpha in rats	3.35	1	1
19-hydroxyprostaglandin f 19-hydroxyprostaglandin F: RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	3.76	3	0
12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14,17-eicospentaenoic acid 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14,17-eicospentaenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.31	1	0
mulberroside a mulberroside A: structure in first source	2.01	1	0	glycoside; stilbenoid
hydroxysafflor yellow a hydroxysafflor yellow A: from Carthamus tinctorius; structure given in first source. hydroxysafflor yellow A : A C-glycosyl compound that is 3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one which is substituted by beta-D-glucosyl groups at positions 2 and 4, and by a p-hydroxycinnamoyl group at position 6. It is the main bioactive compound of a traditional Chinese medicine obtained from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius).	2.17	1	0
11-dehydro-2,3-dinor-thromboxane b2 [no description available]	3.42	1	1
19-hydroxyprostaglandin e2 19-hydroxyprostaglandin E2: found in ram seminal fluid	3.48	8	0
eicosa-8,11,14-trien-5-ynoic acid eicosa-8,11,14-trien-5-ynoic acid: RN given refers to (all-Z)-isomer; structure in first source	1.97	1	0	long-chain fatty acid
9-(4-chlorophenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-5,8-nonadienoic acid 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-5,8-nonadienoic acid: inhibits biosynthesis of leukotriene; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (8E)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 4/89	1.97	1	0
4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid dopamine conjugate NMI 8739: structure given in first source; RN given refers to all-cis isomer	2.15	1	0
ixabepilone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; beta-hydroxy ketone; epoxide; lactam; macrocycle	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
3,3'-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine 3,3'-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine: lipophilic axon tracer; RN given for iodide salt	2.15	1	0
17,20-dimethylisocarbacyclin 17,20-dimethylisocarbacyclin: improves hypothermic preservation of rat liver	2	1	0
8,11-dihydroxy-8-angeloyl-11-acetyl-4-guaien-3-one torilin: a sesquiterpene from Torilis japonica; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
asialo gm1 ganglioside [no description available]	3.08	5	0
zy 17617b CGS 9343B: calmodulin antagonist; structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.91	4	0
gavestinel [no description available]	2.07	1	0
axitinib [no description available]	2.53	2	0	aryl sulfide; benzamides; indazoles; pyridines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
salvianolic acid B salvianolic acid B: isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. salvianolic acid B : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is an antioxidant and free radical scavenging compound extracted from S. miltiorrhiza	2.73	3	0	1-benzofurans; catechols; dicarboxylic acid; enoate ester; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; neuroprotective agent; osteogenesis regulator; plant metabolite
i(3)so3-galactosylceramide Sulfoglycosphingolipids: GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS with a sulfate group esterified to one of the sugar groups.. 1-(3-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactosyl)-N-tetracosanoylsphingosine : A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine having a sulfo group at the 3-position on the galactose ring and tetracosanoyl as the N-acyl group.	2.03	1	0	galactosylceramide sulfate; N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylsphingosine
oxepins Oxepins: Compounds based on a 7-membered heterocyclic ring including an oxygen. They can be considered a medium ring ether. A natural source is the MONTANOA plant genus. Some dibenzo-dioxepins, called depsidones, are found in GARCINIA plants.	2.49	2	0
alpha-cyperone alpha-cyperone: isolated from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide drug combination aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide drug combination: combination antacid containing aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate & magnesium hydroxide	2.37	2	0
indigo carmine 3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid: from roots of Lychnophora ericoides; structure in first source. 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid : A carboxylic ester that is the diester obtained by the condensation of the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 of (-)-quinic acid with the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid. Isolated from Brazilian propolis and Suaeda glauca, it exhibits hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities.	2.06	1	0
cyclosporin g cyclosporin G: similar immunosuppressive actions as cyclosporin, but without nephrotoxic side effects; cyclosporin A analog; MW 1217	1.97	1	0
beta-escin Escin: Pentacyclic triterpene saponins, biosynthesized from protoaescigenin and barringtogenol, occurring in the seeds of AESCULUS. It inhibits edema formation and decreases vascular fragility.	2.97	4	0	triterpenoid saponin
isoacteoside isoacteoside: a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Indian paintbrush (Verbenaceae) Castilleja linariaefolia; also in other plants; structure given in first source	2.5	2	0	hydroxycinnamic acid
cyclosporin h cyclosporin H: non-immunophilin-binding cyclosporin; RN given for (D)-Val	1.97	1	0
nifuroxime 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde oxime: structure in first source	2	1	0
azlocillin Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.	2.05	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
panduratin a panduratin A: isolated from Kaempferia pandurata; structure in first source	2.01	1	0	diarylheptanoid	metabolite
tanespimycin CP 127374: analog of herbimycin A	2.13	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; ansamycin; carbamate ester; organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; Hsp90 inhibitor
verlukast verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist	3.26	6	0
ix 207-887 IX 207-887: inhibits the release of IL-1alpha & beta from cultured murine macrophages or human mononuclear cells	1.98	1	0
su 5614 SU 5614: inhibits the mast cell growth factor receptor known as kit protein; a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. SU5614 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 5-chlorooxindole in which the two hydrogens at position 3 are replaced by a (3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl)methylidene group.	2.02	1	0	organochlorine compound; oxindoles; pyrroles	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
aurone [no description available]	2.51	2	0	aurones; cyclic ketone
rosaramicin rosaramicin: RN given refers to parent cpd. rosaramicin : A macrolide antibiotic with activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis.	2.1	1	0	aldehyde; enone; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative	bacterial metabolite
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide [no description available]	2.4	2	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide	serotonergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
clocinnamox clocinnamox: structure given in first source; an opioid mu receptor agonist	2.88	3	0
beta-escin [no description available]	7.19	45	0
gw2974 GW2974: quinazoline derivative, which is able to block the activation of both the EGFR and erbB2	2.04	1	0	pyridopyrimidine
l-165041 4-(3-(2-propyl-3-hydroxy-4-acetyl)phenoxy)propyloxyphenoxy acetic acid: a PPAR-delta agonist has regulatory effects on a variety of adipokines, and these effects might explain some of their metabolic function.	2.54	2	0	aromatic ketone
mdl 105519 MDL 105519: a potent ligand at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-associated glycine recognition site; structure given in first source	2.08	1	0
s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine: A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.	3.95	13	0	nitroso compound; nitrosothio compound	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
sb 222200 [no description available]	3.19	5	0	quinolines
dantrolene sodium dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.	2.05	1	0
nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.	2.73	3	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
suloctidil Suloctidil: A peripheral vasodilator that was formerly used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is hepatotoxic and fatalities have occurred. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)	1.96	1	0
am 404 [no description available]	2.02	1	0	anilide
sb 269970 SB 269970: a 5-HT(7) antagonist; structure in first source	2.11	1	0	sulfonamide
sb 334867-a 1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5)naphthyridin-4-yl urea: selective OX1 receptor antagonist	2.06	1	0	naphthyridine derivative
echinocystic acid echinocystic acid: aglycone moiety of saponin chrysantellin	2.13	1	0
hydroxyachillin hydroxyachillin: isolated from Tanacetum microphyllum; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	gamma-lactone
nifurtimox Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.	2.05	1	0	nitrofuran antibiotic
butylscopolammonium bromide Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.	2.07	1	0
gadolinium dtpa Gadolinium DTPA: A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)	2	1	0	gadolinium coordination entity	MRI contrast agent
morphinans Morphinans: Compounds based on a partially saturated iminoethanophenanthrene, which can be described as ethylimino-bridged benzo-decahydronaphthalenes. They include some of the OPIOIDS found in PAPAVER that are used as ANALGESICS.	3.63	9	0	isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent; morphinane alkaloid
ergoline Ergolines: A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.. ergoline : An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors.	3.78	3	0	diamine; ergoline alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound
adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate: RP-cAMP-S is a protein kinase A inhibitor; SP-cAMP-S is a protein kinase A agonist. (Sp)-cAMPS : A nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate having adenine as the nucleobase (the Sp-stereoisomer).. (Rp)-cAMPS : A nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate having adenine as the nucleobase (the Rp-stereoisomer).	4.07	15	0	nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate
sq-23377 Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes.	6.38	64	0	cyclic ether; enol; polyunsaturated fatty acid; very long-chain fatty acid	calcium ionophore; metabolite
8-bromo-beta-phenyl-1,n(2)-ethenoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate 8-bromo-beta-phenyl-1,N(2)-ethenoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate: RN refers to (S)-isomer; protein kinase G inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
dantrolene [no description available]	2.07	1	0
fk 866 N-(4-(1-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide: inhibits nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; structure in first source	2.52	2	0	benzamides; N-acylpiperidine
roxithromycin (E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.	2.48	2	0	roxithromycin	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cefdinir [no description available]	2.1	1	0	cephalosporin; ketoxime	antibacterial drug
fumagillin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; carboxylic ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; meroterpenoid; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; spiro-epoxide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; fungal metabolite; methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor
enkephalin, leucine-2-alanine Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine: A delta-selective opioid (ANALGESICS, OPIOID). It can cause transient depression of mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate.	1.97	1	0
epostane [no description available]	4.28	4	1
nocloprost nocloprost: phalloidin transport inhibitor	3.09	5	0
rosaprostol rosaprostol: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0	prostanoid
tomoxiprole [no description available]	1.96	1	0
trimoprostil trimoprostil: RN refers to (5Z,11alpha,13E,15R)-isomer; structure in first source	8.21	27	12
cv 1808 2-phenylaminoadenosine: has coronary & cardiohemodynamic effects	2.38	2	0	purine nucleoside
artesunate artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether	2.07	1	0	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; ferroptosis inducer
tipredane [no description available]	2.07	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
beraprost beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.	3.97	13	0	enyne; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; secondary allylic alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin receptor agonist; vasodilator agent
ginsenoside rb2 [no description available]	2.1	1	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; disaccharide derivative; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	antiviral agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
lanreotide [no description available]	2.05	1	0
vapiprost vapiprost: thromboxane receptor antagonist; prostaglandin receptor antagonist	4.01	14	0
u 62840 U 62840: stereoisomeric benzindene prostaglandin analog; structure given in first source	2.47	2	0	carbotricyclic compound; carboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; human blood serum metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent; vitamin K antagonist
eaa-090 EAA-090: a potent N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist; structure in first source	2.02	1	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
beta-elemene beta-elemene: increases tumor cell immunogenicity by inducing, at least in part, elevated expression of heat shock protein 70 on tumor cell surface. beta-elemene : A sesquiterpene that consists of cyclohexane bearing methyl and vinyl substituents at position 1 as well as two isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 4.. (-)-beta-elemene : The (-)-enantiomer of beta-elemene that has (1S,2S,4R)-configuration.	2.01	1	0	beta-elemene	antineoplastic agent
nps2143 [no description available]	3.15	1	0
lu 208075 ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
jwh-133 1,1-dimethylbutyl-1-deoxy-Delta(9)-THC: a CB2 receptor agonists; no further information available on 8/2001. JWH-133 : A dibenzopyran that is Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol which is lacking the hydroxy group and in which the pentyl group at position 3 has been replaced by a 1,1-dimethylbutyl group. A potent and highly selective CB2 receptor agonist.	3.85	3	0	benzochromene; dibenzopyran; organic heterotricyclic compound	analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; CB2 receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; vasodilator agent
relacatib relacatib: a cathepsin K inhibitor; structure in first source	3.15	1	0
anisodamine [no description available]	2.07	1	0
corosolic acid [no description available]	2.41	1	0	triterpenoid	metabolite
bentiromide bentiromide: chymotrypsin labile peptide used diagnostically as an index of exocrine pancreas function. bentiromide : The dipeptide obtained by condensation of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine with 4-aminobenzoic acid. Used as a noninvasive screening test for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and to monitor the adequacy of supplemental pancreatic therapy, it is given by mouth: the amount of 4-aminobenzoic acid and its metabolites excreted in the urine is taken as a measure of the chymotrypsin-secreting activity of the pancreas.	2.07	1	0	dipeptide	diagnostic agent; indicator; reagent
phenylalanylphenylalanine Phe-Phe : A dipeptide formed from two L-phenylalanine residues.	2.1	1	0	dipeptide; L-aminoacyl-L-amino acid zwitterion	human blood serum metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
acetylcarnitine O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.	2.05	1	0	O-acetylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine.	5.58	72	0	ammonium ion derivative
bml 210 N1-(2-aminophenyl)-N8-phenyloctanediamide: InChIKey: RFLHBLWLFUFFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N	2.13	1	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
triarachidonin [no description available]	2.67	3	0	triacylglycerol 60:12
bufalin bufalin: cardiotonic; powerful anesthetic & one of the active constituents of the Chinese drug ch'an su(senso); in Japan prepared from skin of Bufo bufo garfarizans; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer. bufalin : A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo.	2.07	1	0	14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid	animal metabolite; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; cardiotonic drug
1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol 1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol: RN given refers to (3beta,5Z,7E,22E)-isomer. 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 : A hydroxycalciol that is vitamin D2 bearing additional hydroxy substituents at positions 1alpha and 25.	2.11	1	0	hydroxycalciol; seco-ergostane; vitamin D	bone density conservation agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; nutraceutical
hypericum Hypericum: Genus of perennial plants in the family CLUSIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypericaceae). Herbal and homeopathic preparations are used for depression, neuralgias, and a variety of other conditions. Hypericum contains flavonoids; GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, TANNINS; volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), hypericin and hyperforin.. 6-formamidopenicillanic acid : A penicillanic acid having a (6R)-formamido substituent.	3.3	6	0	penicillanic acids
phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group.	1.96	1	0	phosphagen; phosphoamino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
labdane labdane: from Croton joufra; structure in first source	2.47	2	0	diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent
cholanic acid cholanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomer designation. cholanic acid : A steroid acid that consists of cholane having a carboxy group in place of the methyl group at position 24.. colanic acid : A polyanionic heteropolysaccharide containing a repeat unit with D-glucose, L-fucose, D-galactose, and D-glucuronic acid sugars that are non-stoichiometrically decorated with O-acetyl and pyruvate side-chains	1.97	1	0	cholanic acids
taxane taxane: produced by Taxomyces andreanae	2.02	1	0	diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent
alpha-solanine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	glycoalkaloid; organic heterohexacyclic compound; steroid saponin; trisaccharide derivative	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; phytotoxin; plant metabolite
chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.	6.06	6	5	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent
mannich bases Mannich Bases: Ketonic amines prepared from the condensation of a ketone with formaldehyde and ammonia or a primary or secondary amine. A Mannich base can act as the equivalent of an alpha,beta unsaturated ketone in synthesis or can be reduced to form physiologically active amino alcohols.	2.25	1	0
formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.	2.74	3	0
s 1743 Esomeprazole: The S-isomer of omeprazole.. esomeprazole : A 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole that has S configuration at the sulfur atom. An inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, it is used (generally as its sodium or magnesium salt) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.	6.17	6	2	magnesium salt	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
cefmenoxime Cefmenoxime: A cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. It is active against most common gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, is a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, and is highly resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. The drug has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmenoxime : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, bearing a 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino group at the 7beta-position and a [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl group at the 3-position.	1.99	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
nifurtoinol nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
gemifloxacin Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.	2.07	1	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
triacsin c triacsin C: from Streptomyces No. 1228; structure given in first source; an acyl-CoA synthetase antagonist. triacsin C : A nitroso compound that is N-undecylnitrous hydrazide carrying double bonds at positions 1,2,4, and 7. It is a long-chain fatty acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor and interferes with lipid metabolism by inhibiting the de novo synthesis of glycerolipids and cholesterol esters.	2.41	2	0	hydrazone; nitroso compound; olefinic compound	antimalarial; apoptosis inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.1.1.64 (retinoid isomerohydrolase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
ep 045 EP 045: thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.65	3	0
sin 1c SIN 1C: a metabolite of molsidomine	2.03	1	0
fosinopril [no description available]	2.05	1	0
s-allylcysteine S-allylcysteine: structure in first source; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. S-allylcysteine : An S-hydrocarbyl-L-cysteine that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen attached to the sulphur is replaced by a prop-2-enyl group. It commonly occurs in garlic and has been found to exhibit antineoplastic activity.	2.07	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; S-hydrocarbyl-L-cysteine	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
l 745337 L 745337: a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2	6.03	14	0
am 555s TAC 101: inhibits liver metastasis; structure in first source	2.01	1	0
8-bromoadenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate (Sp)-8-bromo-cAMPS : A nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate having 8-bromoadenine as the nucleobase (the Sp-stereoisomer).	2.42	2	0
win 51708 WIN 51708: neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist	2.05	1	0
utibapril utibapril: structure given in first source; prodrug for FPL 63547 diacid	2.07	1	0
ono4819 ONO4819: prostanoid receptor EP4 agonist	4.24	5	0	benzyl ether
gw 501516 GW 501516: a selective PPARdelta agonist; structure in first source. GW 501516 : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and at position 4 by a (1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl)sulfanediyl group, and in which the 1,3-thiazolyl group is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by p-trifluoromethylphenyl and methyl groups, respectively.	2.72	3	0	1,3-thiazoles; aromatic ether; aryl sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound	carcinogenic agent; PPARbeta/delta agonist
lexipafant lexipafant: an imidazolyl derivative which forms part of a fused heterocyclic system	1.99	1	0
eflucimibe eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor	2.05	1	0
atl 146e BMS-068645: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
bay 58-2667 BAY 58-2667: activates guanylyl cyclase; structure in first source. cinaciguat : A benzoic acid that is 4-(aminomethyl)benzoic acid in which the amino group is substituted by 4-carboxybutyl and 2-(2-{[4-(2-phenylethyl)benzyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl groups. It is a soluble guanylate cyclase activator, used for the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure.	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; benzoic acids; dicarboxylic acid; tertiary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent
l-826266 L-826266: a prostanoid EP3 receptor antagonist	2.75	3	0
biie 0246 BIIE 0246: a neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.15	1	0
6-methylsulfinylhexyl isothiocyanate 6-(Methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate: showed a dose-dependent inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), iNOS mRNA and protein.	2.02	1	0	sulfoxide
sappanone a sappanone A: melanogenesis inhibitor from Caesalpinia sappan; structure in first source	2.11	1	0
dehydroevodiamine dehydroevodiamine: RN given refers to hydroxide, inner salt; structure in first source.	3.82	2	1
ncx 4040 [no description available]	2.81	3	0
apricoxib apricoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.96	4	0
cj 13610 CJ 13610: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
euk-134 EUK-134: antioxidant; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
ono 8711 ONO 8711: a prostaglandin E receptor EP1 antagonist; structure in first source	4.04	14	0
a-317491 A-317491: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
midostaurin midostaurin : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is the N-benzoyl derivative of staurosporine.	2.38	2	0	benzamides; gamma-lactam; indolocarbazole; organic heterooctacyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
seryl-leucyl-isoleucyl-glycyl--arginyl-leucinamide seryl-leucyl-isoleucyl-glycyl--arginyl-leucinamide: a proteinase-activated receptor-2-activating peptide; SL-NH2 is NOT Ser-Leu-NH2 here	2.71	3	0
anatibant LF 16-0687: a potent non-peptide bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.42	2	0	proline derivative
tulathromycin tulathromycin: structure in first source	2.1	1	0	aminoglycoside
gw406381x GW406381X: cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor	3.51	1	1
sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.	4.6	26	0	oligopeptide
vasopressin, 1-(1-mercaptocyclohexaneacetic acid)-2-(o- methyl-l-tyrosine)-8-l-arginine- vasopressin, 1-(1-mercaptocyclohexaneacetic acid)-2-(O- methyl-L-tyrosine)-8-L-arginine-: highly potent antagonist of vasopressor response to arginine-vasopressin; structure in first source	3.15	5	0
etomoxir [no description available]	2.74	3	0	aromatic ether
n(6)-cyclohexyladenosine N(6)-cyclohexyladenosine: structure given in first source; receptors, purinergic P1 agonist	2.7	3	0
cg100649 CG100649: a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor with both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure in first source	2.1	1	0
brl 37344 BRL 37344: SB 206606 is the (R,R)-isomer	2	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
rs 25344 RS 25344: inhibits phosphodiesterase PDE-4D3; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
zd 9379 ZD 9379: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
ly 450139 [no description available]	2.07	1	0	peptide
pseurotin pseurotin: metabolite isolated from culture filtrates of Pseudeurotium ovalis Stolk; structure. pseurotin A : A spirocyclic that is 1-oxa-7-azaspiro[4.4]non-2-ene-4,6-dione bearing 1,2-dihydroxyhex-3-en-1-yl, methyl, methoxy, benzoyl and hydroxy substituents at positions 2, 3, 8, 8 and 9 respectively.	2.21	1	0	azaspiro compound; lactam; oxaspiro compound	metabolite
muromonab-cd3 xestospongin C: was indexed to xestospongin A; from Xestospongia sponge; empties the ER calcium store but does not inhibit InsP3-induced Ca2+ release. xestospongin C : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is isolated from the marine sponge Xestospongia exigua.	2.15	1	0	alkaloid; macrocycle; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; IP3 receptor antagonist; marine metabolite
neoandrographolide neoandrographolide: structure in first source; isolated from Andrographis paniculata	2.03	1	0
4-bromo-6-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)propoxy)-5-(3-pyridylmethylamino)-3(2h)-pyridazinone hydrochloride 4-bromo-6-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)propoxy)-5-(3-pyridylmethylamino)-3(2H)-pyridazinone hydrochloride: a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, improves claudication-limited exercise performance in patients with peripheral arterial disease	2.05	1	0
ursodoxicoltaurine tauroursodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of tauroursodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. tauroursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursoodeoxycholic acid.	2.92	4	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	anti-inflammatory agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent
apigenin-7-o-rutinoside [no description available]	2.07	1	0
ginsenoside m1 ginsenoside M1: structure in first source. ginsenoside C-K : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.	2.96	4	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
gambogic acid gambogic acid: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,1(Z),3abeta,5alpha,11beta,14aS*))-isomer	2.07	1	0	pyranoxanthones	metabolite
paliperidone palmitate Paliperidone Palmitate: A benzisoxazole derivative and active metabolite of RISPERIDONE that functions as a DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST. It is an ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. 3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-2-methyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-9-yl hexadecanoate : A fatty acid ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one.. paliperidone palmitate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone palmitate. A long-acting injectable formulation of paliperidone (the major active metabolite of risperidone) that is used for treatment of schizophrenia.	2.1	1	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; fatty acid ester; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine
ym 26734 YM 26734: inhibits group II phospholipase A2; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
efipladib efipladib: structure in first source	2.06	1	0
mk-0429 [no description available]	3.15	1	0
pentagastrin Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.	7.79	41	5	organic molecular entity
cangrelor cangrelor: platelet P(2T) receptor antagonist. cangrelor : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is 5'-O-[({[dichloro(phosphono)methyl](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]adenosine carrying additional 2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl and (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)sulfanyl substituents at positions N6 and C2 respectively. Used (in the form of its tetrasodium salt) as an intravenous antiplatelet drug that prevents formation of harmful blood clots in the coronary arteries.	2.74	3	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; aryl sulfide; nucleoside triphosphate analogue; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
sb 242235 SB 242235: p38 MAP kinase antagonist	2	1	0
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	10.97	217	3	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
sch 527123 [no description available]	2.07	1	0
sd 0006 SD 0006: a p38 kinase inhibitor; structure in first source. SD-06 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 3, 4, and 5 are replaced by N-(hydroxyacetyl)piperidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl and p-chlorophenyl groups, respectively.	2.05	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-acylpiperidine; primary alcohol; pyrazoles; pyrimidines
sc 236 4-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide: SC58236 = SC236 re email from Harris, Ray	5.04	40	0
bm 567 BM 567: structure in first source	2.04	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
alloin alloin: isolated from various species of aloe; structure	2.05	1	0	diastereoisomeric mixture	EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; laxative
cp 105696 CP 105696: a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
gw 7845 GW 7845: ligand of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
l 858051 L 858051: activates adenylate cyclase and inhibits glucose transport in rat adipocytes	1.98	1	0
lipid a Lipid A: Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.. lipid A : The glycolipid moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (R can be either hydrogen or a fatty acyl group).	5.85	23	0	dodecanoate ester; lipid A; tetradecanoate ester	Escherichia coli metabolite
4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxofuran-3-carboxylic acid 4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxofuran-3-carboxylic acid: an anorectic fatty acid synthase inhibitor; structure in first source. (2R,3S)-C75 : A 4-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid that has 2R,3S-configuration.	2.04	1	0	4-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid; gamma-lactone
sb 3ct compound SB 3CT compound: a matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.15	1	0	aromatic ether
naproxen-n-butyl nitrate naproxen-n-butyl nitrate: a nitric oxide-releasing NSAID derivative. naproxcinod : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of naproxen with the hydroxy group of 4-(nitrooxy)butanol. A cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donator that is metabolised to naproxen and a nitric oxide donating moiety, effective in treatment of osteoarthritis.	3.13	5	0	carboxylic ester; methoxynaphthalene; nitrate ester	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; nitric oxide donor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
cdp 840 CDP 840: RN refers to (R)-isomer; structure given in first source	2	1	0
ru24858 RU24858: a glucocorticoid; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
dapagliflozin [no description available]	2.25	1	0	aromatic ether; C-glycosyl compound; monochlorobenzenes	hypoglycemic agent; sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor
cp533536 CP533536: an EP2 receptor-selective prostaglandin E2 agonist that induces bone healing; structure in first source	4.63	8	0	monocarboxylic acid
er 34122 5-((1,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazol-3-yl)dimethoxymethyl)-2-chlorobenzamide: structure in first source	1.99	1	0
mart-1 antigen MART-1 Antigen: A melanosome-specific protein that plays a role in the expression, stability, trafficking, and processing of GP100 MELANOMA ANTIGEN, which is critical to the formation of Stage II MELANOSOMES. The protein is used as an antigen marker for MELANOMA cells.	2.04	1	0
shu 9119 SHU 9119: an agouti mimetic; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
ginsenoside rb1 [no description available]	3.14	5	0	ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; anti-obesity agent; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
2-((aminocarbonyl)amino)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-thiophenecarboxamide 2-((aminocarbonyl)amino)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-thiophenecarboxamide: an IKK-2 kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.1	1	0	aromatic amide; thiophenes
bn 52020 [no description available]	2.07	1	0
ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate [no description available]	1.99	1	0
indoxam indoxam: structure in first source	2	1	0
selexipag selexipag: prostacyclin receptor agonist. selexipag : A member of the class of pyrazines that is N-(methanesulfonyl)-2-{4-[(propan-2-yl)(pyrazin-2-yl)amino]butoxy}acetamide carrying two additional phenyl substituents at positions 5 and 6 on the pyrazine ring. An orphan drug used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. It is a prodrug for ACT-333679 (the free carboxylic acid).	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; pyrazines; tertiary amino compound	orphan drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prodrug; prostacyclin receptor agonist; vasodilator agent
ginsenoside rg3 ginsenoside Rg3: from Red ginseng; inhibits lung metastasis of tumor cells; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.	2.08	1	0	ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
antiflammin p2 antiflammin P2: nonapeptide fragment of lipocortin I; has no phospholipase A2 inhibitory & anti-inflammatory activity; RN given refers to all (L)-isomer	2.68	3	0
ammonium trichloro(dioxoethylene-o,o'-)tellurate ammonium trichloro(dioxoethylene-O,O'-)tellurate: has potential therapeutic application; inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and replication	3.78	2	1
norcodeine norcodeine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer. norcodeine : A morphinane-like compound that is the N-demethylated derivative of codeine.	2.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
tofacitinib tofacitinib : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted at position 4 by an N-methyl,N-(1-cyanoacetyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino moiety. Used as its citrate salt to treat moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.	3.62	2	0	N-acylpiperidine; nitrile; pyrrolopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound	antirheumatic drug; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
tocotrienols tocotrienol : A tocol in which the hydrocarbon chain at position 2 contains three double bonds.	2.95	4	0	diterpenoid
mre 269 (4-((5,6-diphenylpyrazin-2-yl)(isopropyl)amino)butoxy)acetic acid: active form of NS-304. ACT-333679 : A member of the class of pyrazines that is {4-[(propan-2-yl)(pyrazin-2-yl)amino]butoxy}acetic acid carrying two additional phenyl substituents at positions 5 and 6 on the pyrazine ring. The active metabolite of selexipag, an orphan drug used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.	2.13	1	0	aromatic amine; ether; monocarboxylic acid; pyrazines; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	drug metabolite; orphan drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostacyclin receptor agonist; vasodilator agent
gw0742 GW 610742: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
ono 8713 ONO 8713: EP1 receptors antagonist; structure in first source	3.64	9	0
terutroban terutroban: a thromboxan receptor antagonist	2.04	1	0
roflumilast n-oxide roflumilast N-oxide: an oral, once-daily phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor; active metabolite of roflumilast	3.01	4	0
s 5682 S 5682: a purified flavonoid fraction composed of 90% diosmin 7-rhamnoglucoside and 10% hesperidin 7-rhamnoglucoside	1.98	1	0
4-n-butyl-1-(4-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1-butyl)-piperidine hydrogen chloride [no description available]	2.1	1	0
cp 31398 CP 31398: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
linaprazan linaprazan: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
recoflavone [no description available]	2.03	1	0
u 18666a 3-beta-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy)androst-5-en-17-one: inhibits cycloartenol synthase. 3beta-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)androst-5-en-17-one hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of 3beta-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)androst-5-en-17-one with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. It is a cholesterol synthesis and transport inhibitor.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	antiviral agent; EC 1.3.1.72 (Delta(24)-sterol reductase) inhibitor; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; nicotinic antagonist; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
chir 99021 Chir 99021: structure in first source. CHIR 99021 : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is 2-aminopyrimidine substituted at positions N2, 5 and 6 by (5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)ethyl, 4-methylimidazol-2-yl and 2,4-dichlorophenyl groups respectively.	2.13	1	0	aminopyridine; aminopyrimidine; cyanopyridine; diamine; dichlorobenzene; imidazoles; secondary amino compound	EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor
NNC 55-0396 (free base) [no description available]	2.06	1	0	benzimidazoles; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound; tetralins	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; neuroprotective agent; potassium channel blocker; T-type calcium channel blocker
l-161982 L-161982: A prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist	4.16	15	0	biphenyls
g(m1) ganglioside G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage.	3.38	7	0	alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine; sialotetraosylceramide
eutigoside c eutigoside C: from Eurya emarginata; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
aluminum oxide Aluminum Oxide: An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories.	3.4	7	0
neoechinulin a neoechinulin A: from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp.; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
cgp 20712a CGP 20712A: structure given in first source; CGP 26505, a beta1-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, is the (S)-isomer of CGP 20712A	2.72	3	0
vaticanol b Vaticanol B: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
3'-methoxy-4'-nitroflavone 3'-methoxy-4'-nitroflavone: structure given in first source	2.02	1	0
macquarimicin a macquarimicin A: isolated from Micromonospora; structure in first source	2	1	0
deltorphin ii, ala(2)- [no description available]	2.7	3	0	peptide
opuntiol opuntiol: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
altrenogest altrenogest: a synthetic PROGESTERONE agonist; used in estrus synchronization	2.25	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid
n-(1-methylethyl)-1,1,2-trimethylpropylamine N-(1-methylethyl)-1,1,2-trimethylpropylamine: an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener	2.03	1	0
masitinib [no description available]	2.17	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzamides; N-alkylpiperazine; pyridines	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
3-hydroxytibolone 3-hydroxytibolone: tibolone metabolite	2.03	1	0
n-methylsulfonyl-6-(2-propargyloxyphenyl)hexanamide N-methylsulfonyl-6-(2-propargyloxyphenyl)hexanamide: inhibits rat renal microsomal arachidonic acid epoxidation	2.08	1	0
linagliptin Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes.	2.41	1	0	aminopiperidine; quinazolines	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate bismuth tripotassium dicitrate: contains tripotassium di-citratobismuthate used in gastric & duodenal ulcer therapy; do not confuse with colloidal bismuth subnitrate	7.41	21	2
lecozotan lecozotan: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
tribulus Tribulus: A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Members contain steroidal saponins. Ingestion by grazing animals causes PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS called geeldikkop (yellow thick head) in South Africa.	2.15	1	0
azd 6244 AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles; bromobenzenes; hydroxamic acid ester; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
odanacatib odanacatib: a selective inhibitor of cathepsin K for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis; structure in first source	3.58	2	0
cerevisterol cerevisterol: in mushroom family; Russian. cerevisterol : An ergostanoid that is (22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5 and 6 (the 3beta,5alpha,6beta stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the fungus, Xylaria species.	2.25	1	0	3beta-hydroxy steroid; 5alpha-hydroxy steroid; 6beta-hydroxy steroid; ergostanoid	Aspergillus metabolite
bibw 2992 [no description available]	2.31	1	0	aromatic ether; enamide; furans; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; quinazolines; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
m 40403 imisopasem manganese: a superoxide dismutase mimetic; structure in first source	2.41	2	0
balicatib balicatib: cathepsin K inhibitor	3.15	1	0
ro3244794 RO3244794: structure in first source	2.73	3	0
struvite Struvite: The mineral magnesium ammonium phosphate with the formula NH4MgPO4. It is associated with urea-splitting organisms in a high magnesium, high phosphate, alkaline environment. Accumulation of crystallized struvite is found in the urinary tract as struvite CALCULI and as scale on sewage system equipment and wastewater pipes.	2.25	1	0	hydrate; phosphate mineral	fertilizer
2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1h-indole 2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-indole: an imidazoline compound; structure given in first source	2	1	0
jte 013 JTE 013: an Edg-5 antagonist. JTE-013 : A semicarbazide derivative that is semicarbazide in which the amino group at position 2 is replaced by a [1,3-dimethyl-4-(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl]amino group and the amino group adjacent to the carbonyl is replaced by a (2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl)amino group. It is a potent S1P2 antagonist (IC50 = 17.6 nM).	2.07	1	0	chloropyridine; pyrazolopyridine	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; osteogenesis regulator; pro-angiogenic agent; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 antagonist
ar c155858 AR C155858: an MCT1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
homocarnosine homocarnosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. homocarnosine : A histidine derivative that is histidine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-amino group has been replaced by a 4-aminobutanoyl group.	2.01	1	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide; homocarnosine; L-histidine derivative; N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion; N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid	human metabolite
decanoylcarnitine decanoylcarnitine: therapeutic agent for diabetic acidosis; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. O-decanoylcarnitine : An O-acylcarnitine compound having decanoyl as the acyl substituent.	2.1	1	0	decanoate ester; O-acylcarnitine	human urinary metabolite
helioscopinolide a helioscopinolide A: from Euphorbia pubescens; exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source	2.06	1	0
licoflavone c licoflavone C: Antimutagenic Agent; a naturally occurring prenyl-flavone extracted from Genista ephedroides; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
ys 49 YS 49: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
carmine carminic acid : A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 1,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by a methyl group at position 8, a carboxy group at position 7 and a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 2 via a C-glycosidic linkage. It is a natural dye isolated from several insects such as Dactylopius coccus.	2.07	1	0	C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid; tetrahydroxyanthraquinone	animal metabolite; histological dye
fistularin 3 fistularin 3: structure given in first source; isolated from the marine sponge Aplysina archeri	2.31	1	0
trans-sodium crocetinate trans-sodium crocetinate: vitamin A-analog that increases diffusivity of oxygen in aqueous solutions, including plasma	2.01	1	0
saracatinib [no description available]	3.58	2	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; diether; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; oxanes; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; radiosensitizing agent
alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.	2.72	3	0
bavachinin bavachinin: do not confuse with bavachin	2.07	1	0	flavanones
aiphanol aiphanol: isolated from the seeds of Aiphanes aculeata Willd. (Arecaceae); structure in first source. aiphanol : A lignan that is (2R)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethanol which is substituted by a 2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl group at position 6 and a 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 3. It is a stilbenolignan isolated from the seeds of Aiphanes aculeata and exhibits potent inhibitory efficacy against cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2).	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxine; lignan; stilbenoid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor
2-furoyl-ligrlo-amide 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide: a potent and selective proteinase-activated receptor 2 agonist	2.08	1	0
macelignan macelignan: an NSAID with antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and neuroprotective activities; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	lignan
le 135 LE 135: structure given in first source	2.25	1	0	dibenzodiazepine
1-(hexylthio)-2-(hexanoylamino)-1,2-dideoxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine 1-(hexylthio)-2-(hexanoylamino)-1,2-dideoxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine: structure given in first source; an inhibitor of cobra venom phospholipase A2	2.01	1	0
biapigenin biapigenin: bis-apigenin coupled at 3' & 3' positions; inhibits various cytochrome P450 enzymes; isolated from St. John's Wort	2.03	1	0	flavonoid oligomer
denbinobin denbinobin: antineoplastic from Dendrobium moniliforme (Orchidaceae); structure in first source	2.43	2	0
2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone: has antineoplastic activity; blocks NF-kappaB p65 activation; structure in first source; do not confuse with DMC cpd. 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 6' and methyl groups at positions 3' and 5'. Isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus, it has been shown to exhibit inhibitory effects on the viral neuraminidases from two influenza viral strains, H1N1 and H9N2.	2.05	1	0	chalcones; monomethoxybenzene; resorcinols	EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
cay 10404 3-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-trifluoromethylisoxazole: a cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) inhibitor	2.98	4	0	sulfonic acid derivative
galidesivir [no description available]	2.05	1	0
sargachromenol sargachromenol: nerve growth factor-potentiating substance from Sargassum macrocarpum; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
5s,12r,18r-trihydroxy-6z,8e,10e,14z,16e-eicosapentaenoic acid 5S,12R,18R-trihydroxy-6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E-eicosapentaenoic acid: a bioactive oxygenated product of EPA, was identified in human plasma and prepared by total organic synthesis; structure in first source. resolvin E1 : A resolvin that is (6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E)-icosa-6,8,10,14,16-pentaenoic acid which is substituted at positions 5, 12 and 18 by hydroxy groups (the 5S,12R,18R stereoisomer).	6.24	7	0	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid; nonclassic icosanoid; resolvin; triol	anti-inflammatory agent; human xenobiotic metabolite
flurogestone acetate Flurogestone Acetate: A synthetic fluorinated steroid that is used as a progestational hormone.	1.97	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.	4.55	24	0
vinflunine vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent
ly 341495 LY 341495: structure in first source	2.11	1	0
aloperine aloperine: RN refers to (7,alpha,9alpha)-isomer; from Sophora alopecuroides; structure given in first source	2.25	1	0
baci-im [no description available]	2.05	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; polypeptide; zwitterion	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent
ucn 1028 c calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides	3.61	9	0
ribose ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose.	3.25	6	0	D-ribose; ribopyranose
lactulose Lactulose: A synthetic disaccharide used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It has also been used in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p887). lactulose : A synthetic galactosylfructose disaccharide used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy.	4.43	2	2
grayanotoxin iii grayanotoxin III: from leaves of Leucothoe grayana (Ericaceae); RN refers to (3beta,6beta,14R)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
schisandrol a schisandrol A: dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan from Schisandra chinensis; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
palytoxin palytoxin: coelenterate toxin; composed of substituted N-3-hydroxypropyl-trans-3-amidoacrylamides. palytoxin : A polyol marine coelenterate toxin composed of substituted N-3-hydroxypropyl-trans-3-amidoacrylamides and produced by species of Palythoa and Zoanthus soft corals (collectively called zoantharians), either as a defence mechanism or to assist them in capturing prey. An ionophore that forms cation channels through Na+/K+-ATPase, it is a potent vasoconstrictor useful in evaluation of anti-angina agents. It is considered to be one of the most poisonous non-protein substances known, second only to maitotoxin in terms of toxicity in mice.	2.67	3	0	polyol	toxin
2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-9h-xanthen-9-one 2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-9H-xanthen-9-one: from the root bark of Cudrania tricuspidata; structure in first source. cudratricusxanthone A : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 6 and 8, an isoprenyl group at position 1 and a 2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl group at position 5. It is isolated from the root barks of Cudrania tricuspidata and exhibits cytotoxicity towards human cancer cell lines.	2.05	1	0	polyphenol; xanthones	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite
acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid: a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.08	1	0	triterpenoid
6-[[5-fluoro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]-2,2-dimethyl-4H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3-one [no description available]	2.07	1	0	methoxybenzenes; substituted aniline
brimonidine tartrate Brimonidine Tartrate: A quinoxaline derivative and ADRENERGIC ALHPA-2 RECEPTOR AGONIST that is used to manage INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE associated with OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.	3.39	7	0
scyphostatin scyphostatin: a neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor isolated from Trichopeziza mollissima; structure in first source	2	1	0	cyclohexenones
procyanidin b1 procyanidin B1 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin units joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' respectively in a beta-configuration.. Procyanidin B1 can be found in Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon, in the rind, bark or cortex), in Uncaria guianensis (cat's claw, in the root), and in Vitis vinifera (common grape vine, in the leaf) or in peach.	2.07	1	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavan; polyphenol; proanthocyanidin	anti-inflammatory agent; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; metabolite
pyrrophenone pyrrophenone: structure in first source	2.94	4	0
lucidone lucidone: a compound with antiinflammatory activity from fruits of Lindera erythrocarpa; structure in first source	2.46	2	0	olefinic compound
ascochlorin ascochlorin: structure in first source. ascochlorin : A dihydroxybenzaldehyde that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde which is substituted by a (1E,3E)-3-methyl-1-[(1R,2R,6R)-1,2,6-trimethyl-3-oxocyclohexyl]penta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at position 3, chlorine at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. A meroterpenoid produced by several fungi including Ascochyta viciae . It exhibits anticancer, antifungal and antiprotozoal activities.	2.13	1	0	cyclohexanones; dihydroxybenzaldehyde; meroterpenoid; monochlorobenzenes; olefinic compound; resorcinols; sesquiterpenoid	angiogenesis inhibitor; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; fungal metabolite
bis(1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)decandioate bis(1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)decandioate: an antioxidant and antidiabetic agent	2.05	1	0
fucoxanthinol fucoxanthinol: structure in first source	2.25	1	0
nystatin a1 Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.	2.9	4	0	nystatins
dg 041 [no description available]	2.04	1	0
pirarubicin [no description available]	1.98	1	0	anthracycline
kdo2-lipid a Kdo2-lipid A: a complex lipopolysaccharide known to activate toll-like 4 receptors on mammalian cells.structure in first source	2.05	1	0	dodecanoate ester; lipid As; tetradecanoate ester	Escherichia coli metabolite
linoleic acid hydroperoxide linoleic acid hydroperoxide: RN refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. linoleic acid hydroperoxide : A HPODE that is a mono-hydroperoxy derivative of linoleic acid	1.97	1	0
resolvin d2 resolvin D2: structure in first source; a potent endogenous regulator of excessive inflammatory responses that acts via multiple cellular targets to stimulate resolution and preserve immune vigilance. resolvin D2 : A member of the class of resolvins that is (4Z,8E,10Z,12E,14E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 7, 16 and 17 (the 7S,16R,17S-stereoisomer).	2.61	2	0	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; resolvin; secondary allylic alcohol; triol	anti-inflammatory agent; anti-obesity agent; estrogen receptor agonist; human xenobiotic metabolite; rat metabolite
bxl628 BXL628: a calcitriol analog for Inhibition of prostate cell growth; in phase II clinical trial in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (4/2004)	2.05	1	0
sargachromanol g sargachromanol G: isolated from the brown algae Sargassum siliquastrum; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
Dihydrotanshinone I dihydrotanshinone I: extracted from Radix Salviae	2.46	2	0	abietane diterpenoid	anticoronaviral agent
pyrazolone pyrazolone: non-steroid antirheumatic agent. pyrazolone : A member of the class of pyrazoles in which one of the carbons of the pyrazole ring is substituted by an oxo group.	2	1	0
ro 31-8425 Ro 31-8425: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
2,5-dimethylcelecoxib 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib: non-COX-2 inhibitory structural analog of celecoxib	3.02	4	0
gw9508 GW9508: structure in first source	2.1	1	0	aromatic amine
N-methyl-N-[2-[[[2-[(2-oxo-1,3-dihydroindol-5-yl)amino]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]methyl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide [no description available]	3.15	1	0	sulfonamide
veratridine Veratridine: A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.	3.48	8	0
atl 313 ATL 313: A2A adenosine receptor agonist	2.05	1	0
inotilone inotilone: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
zstk474 ZSTK-474 : A triamino-1,3,5-triazine that is 1,3,5-triazine in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by morpholin-4-yl groups while the third hydrogen has been replaced by a 2-(difluoromethyl)benzimidazol-1-yl group. It is an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	2.07	1	0	benzimidazoles; morpholines; organofluorine compound; triamino-1,3,5-triazine	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
cj-023,423 grapiprant: a potent and selective prostaglandin EP4 receptor antagonist with antihyperalgesic properties; cyclooxygenase inhibitors	5.99	7	1
ginsenoside rd ginsenoside Rd: RN refers to (3beta,12beta)-isomer. ginsenoside Rd : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to its beta-D-glucopyranoside.	3.18	5	0	beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; apoptosis inducer; immunosuppressive agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; vulnerary
pf-562,271 [no description available]	3.15	1	0	indoles
azastene azastene: inhibitor of ovarian & adrenal steroidogenesis in rats; progesterone antagonist	1.96	1	0
sauchinone sauchinone: isolated from Saururus chinensis; structure in first source	2.52	2	0
losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.	5.09	17	0
alpha-Neup5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)]-D-GlcpNAc Sialyl Lewis X Antigen: A sialylated version of Lewis X antigen expressed on cell surfaces. It is a ligand for SELECTINS.. alpha-Neup5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)]-D-GlcpNAc : A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of a sialyl residue, linked (2->3) to a galactosyl residue that in turn is linked (1->4) to a glucosaminyl residue, which is also carrying a fucosyl residue at the 3-position.	2.72	3	0	amino tetrasaccharide; glucosamine oligosaccharide	epitope
2-((2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)benzeneacetic acid 4-(3h-1,2-dithiol-3-thione-5-yl)phenyl ester 2-((2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)benzeneacetic acid 4-(3H-1,2-dithiol-3-thione-5-yl)phenyl ester: an NSAID; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
empagliflozin [no description available]	2.41	1	0	aromatic ether; C-glycosyl compound; monochlorobenzenes; tetrahydrofuryl ether	hypoglycemic agent; sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor
palmitoylcarnitine Palmitoylcarnitine: A long-chain fatty acid ester of carnitine which facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from cytoplasm into mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.. O-palmitoyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine in which the acyl group is specified as palmitoyl (hexadecanoyl).	2.21	1	0	O-palmitoylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
brl 15572 BRL 15572: specific for h5-HT(1D) receptors; structure in first source. 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.	2.11	1	0	hydrochloride	prodrug; serotonergic antagonist
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	9.92	467	1	benzoxazole
dextrothyroxine [no description available]	2.92	4	0
sepharose agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages.	3.5	8	0
indocyanine green Indocyanine Green: A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.	2.67	3	0	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available]	3.47	8	0
cinobufagin cinobufagin: isolated from Chinese medicinal preparation ch'an su; derived from toad venom	2.07	1	0	steroid lactone
pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR).	14.14	156	4
pf 03491390 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
monascin monascin: a pigment isolated from Monascus pilosus fermented rice; has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. monascin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 3a,4,8,9a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-g][2]benzopyran-2,9(3H)-dione that is substituted at positions 3, 6, and 9a by hexanoyl, (1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl and methyl groups, respectively (the 3S,3aR,9aR diastereoisomer). One of the azaphilonoid pigments in extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mould rice), it is a potent inhibitor of carcinogenesis measured against chemical- or UV-initiated, phorbol-promoted mouse skin tumours.	2.17	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone; gamma-lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound; polyketide	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; fungal metabolite; PPARgamma agonist
2-phenylquinazoline 2-phenylquinazoline: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
phytosterols Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.	3.18	5	0
azadiradione azadiradione: structure in first source. azadiradione : A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 4,4,8-trimethylandrosta-1,14-diene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 16, an acetoxy group at position 7 and a furan-3-yl group at position 17. Isolated from Azadirachta indica, it exhibits antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.	2.11	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic terpene ketone; furans; limonoid; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; antimycobacterial drug; plant metabolite
atropine sulfate [no description available]	2.07	1	0
dihydrotachysterol Dihydrotachysterol: A VITAMIN D that can be regarded as a reduction product of vitamin D2.. dihydrotachysterol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is 9,10-secoergosta-5,7,22-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. A synthetic analogue of vitamin D that acts a bone density conservation agent.	2.39	2	0
cannogenin thevetoside cannogenin thevetoside: from Thevetia neriifolia; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search CARDENOLIDES (77-84), CARDANOLIDES (75-76); RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer	2.07	1	0	cardenolide glycoside
tenuigenin tenuigenin: decreases secretion of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid beta-protein in cultured cells	2.54	2	0	12alpha-hydroxy steroid
2-(4-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)phenyl)propionic acid 2-(4-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)phenyl)propionic acid: structure given in first source	2.91	4	0
ginsenoside rc [no description available]	2.1	1	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; disaccharide derivative; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
ginsenoside rh1 ginsenoside Rh1: RN given for (3beta,6alpha,12beta)-isomer. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh1 : A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is (20S)-protopanaxadiol which is substituted by beta-D-glucoside at the 6alpha position.	2.02	1	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	5.61	74	0
mefloquine Mefloquine: A phospholipid-interacting antimalarial drug (ANTIMALARIALS). It is very effective against PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM with very few side effects.. mefloquine : A racemate composed of (+)-(11R,2'S)- and (-)-(11S,2'R)-enantiomers of mefloquine. An antimalarial agent which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.	2.38	2	0
ants Ants: Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)	2.03	1	0
1,25-dihydroxy-previtamin d(3) 1,25-dihydroxy-previtamin D(3): RN given refers to (1alpha,3beta,6Z)-isomer	1.99	1	0
deaminooxytocin deaminooxytocin: octa-peptide lacking free amino group on cystine residue; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	5.36	5	3
eriodictyol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside [no description available]	2.07	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; flavanone glycoside; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavanone	plant metabolite; radical scavenger
ataprost [no description available]	1.97	1	0
lilopristone lilopristone: structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist	2.89	4	0
ulipristal ulipristal: a progestins antagonist	1.98	1	0	20-oxo steroid
4,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid 4,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid: structure in first source	2.52	2	0
chikusetsu saponin iva chikusetsu saponin IVa: from the tubers of Hemsleya pengxianensis (Cucurbitaceae)	2.59	2	0	triterpenoid saponin	metabolite
ci 959 CI 959: antiallergy compound; inhibits thromboxanes	1.98	1	0
rosmanol rosmanol: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
murabutide murabutide: adjuvant devoid of pyrogenicity	1.96	1	0
b 3824 B 3824: B5630 is the D-Arg(1) analog of B-3824; bradykinin inhibitor	1.98	1	0
23-hydroxyursolic acid 23-hydroxyursolic acid: from medicinal plants of the Rubiaceae family; structure in first source. 23-hydroxyursolic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is ursolic acid substituted by an additional hydroxy group at position 23. It has been isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa and Juglans sinensis.	2.02	1	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
aglepristone aglepristone: Alizine is tradename	2.08	1	0	oxo steroid
bavachin bavachin: from Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae), has osteoblastic proliferation stimulating activity; do not confuse with bavachinin	2.55	2	0
ferrous citrate ferrous citrate: iron fortificant	2.6	1	0
butaprost butaprost: highly selective prostaglandin receptor agonist; structure given in first source	6.15	123	0
britannin britannin: from Inula aucheriana; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
hypocrellin a hypocrellin A: isolated from fungus Hypocrella bambusae sacc	2.07	1	0
norisoboldine norisoboldine: from Croton lechleri, a source of the wound healing latex sangre de grado; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
icatibant icatibant: a potent bradykinin (B2) receptor antagonist; WIN 65365 is an L-Tic(7) stereoisomer. icatibant : A ten-membered synthetic oligopeptide consisting of D-Arg, Arg, Pro, Hyp, Gly, Thi, Ser, D-Tic, Oic, and Arg residues joined in sequrence. A bradykinin receptor antagonist used as its acetate salt for the treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema in adult patients.	4.57	25	0
tixocortol pivalate tixocortol pivalate: used in drug therapy of allergic rhinitis, structure. tixocortol pivalate : The pivalate thioester of tixocortol.	2.37	2	0	corticosteroid; pivalate ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; thioester	allergen; anti-allergic agent; glucocorticoid receptor agonist
koetjapic acid koetjapic acid: antineoplastic from Sandoricum koetjape tree bark; structure in first source	2.11	1	0	steroid acid
l-798106 L-798106 : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of o-naphthalen-2-ylcinnamic acid with the sulfonamide group of 5-bromo-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide. It is a selective antagonist for the prostanoid receptor EP3, a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; bromobenzenes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	prostaglandin receptor antagonist
4'-o-methylalpinumisoflavone 4'-O-methylalpinumisoflavone: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
cyanidin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside: a natural compound distributed in several fruits & vegetables, such as strawberry, rhubarb, cherry, red cabbage, red onion, cranberries, etc.	3.15	5	0
kirenol kirenol: an antirheumatic agent isolated from Siegebeckia; structure in first source	2.25	1	0	diterpenoid
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	6.4	32	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tin mesoporphyrin tin mesoporphyrin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to dihydrogen, (SP-4-2)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 5/88	2.42	2	0
a 803467 A 803467: an Nav1.8 sodium channel blocker; structure in first source	2.13	1	0
protectin d1 protectin D1: a docosahexaenoic acid-derived docosatriene protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress; structure in first source. protectin D1 : A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 10 and 17 (the 10R,17S-stereoisomer). Protectin D1 is one of the specialised proresolving mediators. When produced in neural tissues, it is called neuroprotectin D1	4.89	5	0	dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid; protectin; secondary allylic alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; apoptosis inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; neuroprotective agent; PPARgamma agonist; specialised pro-resolving mediator
amodiaquine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0
cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.	3.74	10	0
mf63 compound MF63 compound: a phenanthrene imidazole identified as a potent, selective, and orally active mPGES-1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.13	1	0
gw 4869 GW 4869: inhibits neutral sphingomyelinase; structure in first source	2.1	1	0
viscolin viscolin: from Viscum coloratum; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
dihydro-n-caffeoyltyramine dihydro-N-caffeoyltyramine: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	catechols
calcitonin [no description available]	3.58	9	0
cosyntropin Cosyntropin: A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of CORTICOSTEROIDS in the ADRENAL CORTEX.. cosyntropin : A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin). A segment similar in all species, it contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex. It is used diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency.	3.07	5	0
melitten Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes.	4.95	38	0
cholecystokinin Cholecystokinin: A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.	5.44	20	0
ceruletide Ceruletide: A specific decapeptide obtained from the skin of Hila caerulea, an Australian amphibian. Caerulein is similar in action and composition to CHOLECYSTOKININ. It stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion; and certain smooth muscle. It is used in paralytic ileus and as diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.. ceruletide : A decapeptide comprising 5-oxoprolyl, glutamyl, aspartyl, O-sulfotyrosyl, threonyl, glycyl, tryptopyl, methionyl, aspartyl and phenylalaninamide residues in sequence. Found in the skins of certain Australian amphibians, it is an analogue of the gastrointestinal peptide hormone cholecystokinin and stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion. It is used in cases of paralysis of the intestine (paralytic ileus) and as a diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.	4.29	19	0	oligopeptide	diagnostic agent; gastrointestinal drug
motilin Motilin: A peptide of about 22-amino acids isolated from the DUODENUM. At low pH it inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH it has a stimulating effect.	3.13	5	0
dynorphins Dynorphins: A class of opioid peptides including dynorphin A, dynorphin B, and smaller fragments of these peptides. Dynorphins prefer kappa-opioid receptors (RECEPTORS, OPIOID, KAPPA) and have been shown to play a role as central nervous system transmitters.	3.24	6	0
somatostatin [no description available]	3.19	5	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone
atrial natriuretic factor Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.	11.06	74	10	polypeptide
tannins gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).	2.05	1	0	tannin
thymalfasin Thymalfasin: A thymus hormone polypeptide found in thymosin fraction 5 (a crude thymus gland extract) but now produced by synthesis. It is used alone or with interferon as an immunomodulator for the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C. Thymalfasin is also used for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression, and to enhance the efficacy of influenza and hepatitis B vaccines in immunocompromised patients.	2.66	3	0	polypeptide
iturelix iturelix: a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist	2.06	1	0
lhrh, his(5)-trp(7)-tyr(8)- LHRH, His(5)-Trp(7)-Tyr(8)-: isolated from chicken hypothalamus; also ostrich; RN given refers to all-(L)-isomer	2	1	0
ganirelix [no description available]	2.06	1	0	polypeptide
cys(11)-cys(15)-endothelin-1 (11-21) Cys(11)-Cys(15)-endothelin-1 (11-21): antagonist of endothelin B receptor	1.99	1	0
adrenocorticotropin zinc [no description available]	1.99	1	0
triakontatetraneuropeptide triakontatetraneuropeptide: amino acid sequence given in first source; major biologically active processing product of diazepam binding inhibitor	1.98	1	0
hes1 protein, human HES1 protein, human: RefSeq NM_005524	2.04	1	0
(map 1-10)(22-31) hpthrp(1-34)-nh2 RS 66271: obtained by substituting a model amphipathic alpha-helical peptide (MAP) sequence in the C-terminal region of human parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34); amino acid sequence given in first source	1.99	1	0
histogranin histogranin: NMDA receptor antagonist isolated from bovine adrenal medulla; amino acid sequence given in first source	2.43	2	0
nociceptin [no description available]	5.07	13	0	organic molecular entity; polypeptide	human metabolite; rat metabolite
alamethicin Alamethicin: A cyclic nonadecapeptide antibiotic that can act as an ionophore and is produced by strains of Trichoderma viride. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	2.41	2	0
fibrinopeptide b Fibrinopeptide B: Two small peptide chains removed from the N-terminal segment of the beta chains of fibrinogen by the action of thrombin. Each peptide chain contains 20 amino acid residues. The removal of fibrinopeptides B is not required for coagulation.	1.97	1	0
dynorphin (2-17) dynorphin (2-17): does not have opioid binding potential	2.42	2	0
omega-conotoxin (conus magus) Conus magus toxin: from marine mollusk Conus magus; 25-27 amino acid peptide; MW 3 kDa	1.98	1	0
gastrins Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters.	8.72	66	8
glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.	8.48	63	2	peptide hormone
mast cell degranulating peptide mast cell degranulating peptide: isolated from bee venoms; made up of 22 amino acids; has 2 disulfide bridges	2.01	1	0
beta-endorphin beta-Endorphin: A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPTORS and is an analgesic. Its first four amino acids at the N-terminal are identical to the tetrapeptide sequence of METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN and LEUCINE ENKEPHALIN.. beta-endorphin : A polypeptide consisting of 31 amino acid residues in the sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu. It is an endogenous opioid peptide neurotransmitter found in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system and results from processing of the precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC).	11.2	44	5
thymosin beta(4) thymosin beta(4): biological active peptide present in thymosin fractions 5 & 5A; participates in the regulation, differentiation & function of thymus-derived lymphocytes & may also act directly or indirectly on macrophages & other cells involved in cell-mediated immunity	2.44	2	0
neuropeptide y Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones.	5.29	17	0
teriparatide [no description available]	3.15	1	0	polypeptide
s6c sarafotoxin sarafotoxins s6: several isotoxins from Atractaspis engaddensis; has strong cardiotoxic activity; all contain 21 amino acid residues; see also endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factor	3.38	7	0
echistatin echistatin: 49 amino acid residues given in first source; from the venom of the viper Echis	2.4	2	0
iberiotoxin [no description available]	2.93	4	0
angiotensinogen Angiotensinogen: An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver in response to lowered blood pressure and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of the ANGIOTENSINS produced in the body by successive enzyme cleavages. Cleavage of angiotensinogen by RENIN yields the decapeptide ANGIOTENSIN I. Further cleavage of angiotensin I (by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME) yields the potent vasoconstrictor octapeptide ANGIOTENSIN II; and then, via other enzymes, other angiotensins also involved in the hemodynamic-regulating RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM.	3.48	2	0
astressin astressin : A 30-membered homodetic cyclic peptide comprising the sequence D-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Arg-Glu-Val-Leu-Glu-Nle-Ala-Arg-Ala-Glu-Gln-Leu-Ala-Gln-Glu-Ala-His-Lys-Asn-Arg-Lys-Leu-Nle-Glu-Ile-Ile-NH2 cyclised by an amide bridge, formed by condensation of the side-chain carboxy group of the Glu residue at position 19 and the side-chain amino group of the Lys residue at position 22.	2.05	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; polypeptide	corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist; neuroprotective agent
bim 23056 [no description available]	2	1	0
irl 1620 sovateltide: a potent, specific ligand for the endothelin-B receptor	2.42	2	0
tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.	3.42	7	0
oligonucleotides [no description available]	3.89	12	0
glucagon-like peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake.	2.97	4	0
vivit peptide VIVIT peptide: a potent inhibitor of the NFAT-calcineurin; amino acid sequence in first source	2.06	1	0
alpha-endorphin alpha-Endorphin: An endogenous opioid peptide derived from BETA-LIPOTROPIN of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) system. It is the 16-amino acid sequence of the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN and differs from GAMMA-ENDORPHIN by one amino acid (beta-endorphin 1-17).	1.96	1	0
incretins Incretins: Peptides which stimulate INSULIN release from the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS following oral nutrient ingestion, or postprandially.	2.08	1	0
n-acetyl-beta-endorphin [no description available]	1.98	1	0
pardaxin pardaxin: acidic protein from flatfish Pardachirus marmoratus; amino aicd sequence known	1.99	1	0
msh, 4-nle-7-phe-alpha- [no description available]	3.42	7	0	polypeptide	dermatologic drug
c-peptide C-Peptide: The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin.	1.99	1	0
gastrin 17 gastrin-17 : One of the primary forms of gastrin that is a 17-membered peptide consisting of Glp, Gly, Pro, Trp, Leu, Glu, Glu, Glu, Glu, Glu, Ala, Tyr, Gly, Trp, Met, Asp and Phe-NH2 residues joined in sequence.	4.66	6	1	gastrin	antineoplastic agent
natriuretic peptide, c-type Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type: A PEPTIDE of 22 amino acids, derived mainly from cells of VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM. It is also found in the BRAIN, major endocrine glands, and other tissues. It shares structural homology with ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR. It has vasorelaxant activity thus is important in the regulation of vascular tone and blood flow. Several high molecular weight forms containing the 22 amino acids have been identified.	2.47	2	0
beta-endorphin (1-27) [no description available]	1.98	1	0
bombesin [no description available]	3	4	0
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	9.74	7	1	glycoside
endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)	10.74	101	3
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	8.84	62	1	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
diethylumbelliferyl phosphate diethylumbelliferyl phosphate: inhibits the neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity responsible for hydrolysis of cellular lipid droplet cholesteryl ester	2.07	1	0
feaox-6 FeAOX-6: antioxidant derived from a molecular combination of the chromanyl and polyisoprenyl moieties; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
lumacaftor lumacaftor: a corrector of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CTFR); structure in first source. lumacaftor : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid with the aromatic amino group of 3-(6-amino-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)benzoic acid. Used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.	2.11	1	0	aromatic amide; benzodioxoles; benzoic acids; cyclopropanes; organofluorine compound; pyridines	CFTR potentiator; orphan drug
carbetocin carbetocin : Oxytocin in which the hydrogen on the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by methyl, the amino group on the cysteine residue is substituted by hydrogen, and the sulfur of the cysteine residue is replaced by a methylene group. A synthetic carba-analogue of oxytocin, it is used to control bleeding after giving birth. Like oxytocin, it causes contraction of the uterus.	2.57	2	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide	oxytocic
phenylmercuric acetate Phenylmercuric Acetate: A phenyl mercury compound used mainly as a fungicide. Has also been used as a herbicide, slimicide, and bacteriocide.	1.99	1	0	arylmercury compound; benzenes
bismuth subsalicylate bismuth subsalicylate: bismuth subsalicylate is the active ingredient of Pepto-Bismol and in Kaopectate; used to treat nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, diarrhea and other temporary discomforts of the stomach; used with Azoles and other drugs to treat Helicobacter. bismuth subsalicylate : A bismuth salt of salicylic acid.	1.97	1	0
4-aminophenylmercuriacetate 4-aminophenylmercuriacetate: covalently linked to agarose for purification of FAD & COA with chromatography	1.99	1	0
bismuth subgallate bismuth subgallate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.02	1	0
vendex Torque: The rotational force about an axis that is equal to the product of a force times the distance from the axis where the force is applied.	3.43	1	1	organotin acaricide
thimerosal Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.	2.89	4	0	alkylmercury compound	antifungal drug; antiseptic drug; disinfectant; drug allergen
WAY-316606 WAY-316606 : A sulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of the sulfonic acid group of 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-4-amine. An inhibitor of secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-1 (sFRP-1).	3.15	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; piperidines; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide; sulfone	secreted frizzled-related protein 1 inhibitor
azd 7545 AZD 7545: an anilide tertiary carbinol; a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 inhibitor. AZD7545 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [4-(dimethylcarbamoyl)phenyl]sulfonyl, chloro and [(2R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl]amino groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a potent and non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2) with IC50 of 6.4 nM and exhibits glucose-lowering activity. Also inhibits PDHK1 at higher levels (IC50 = 36.8 nM).	2.07	1	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; secondary carboxamide; sulfone; tertiary alcohol; tertiary carboxamide	EC 2.7.11.2 - [pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
dihydroceramide dihydroceramide: lacks the 4-5 trans double bond of the sphingosine moiety of ceramides; structure in first source. N-acylsphinganine : A ceramide consisting of sphinganine in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a fatty acyl group.. dihydroceramide : An N-acylsphingoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of any fatty acid with the amino group of any dihydrosphingoid base.	2.43	2	0
nsc 23766 NSC 23766 trihydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of NSC 23766 with 3 mol eq. of hydrogen chloride. An inhibitor of the signalling G-protein known as RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1).. Rac1 inhibitor : Any inhibitor of Rac1.	2.04	1	0	hydrochloride	antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.6.5.2 (small monomeric GTPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist
nocistatin nocistatin: a peptide that blocks nociceptin action in pain transmission; amino acid sequence in first source	2.71	3	0
adenosine kinase Adenosine Kinase: An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of ADP plus AMP from adenosine plus ATP. It can serve as a salvage mechanism for returning adenosine to nucleic acids. EC 2.7.1.20.	2.02	1	0
sodium salicylate [no description available]	6.11	30	1	organic molecular entity
sphingosine kinase [no description available]	3.42	7	0
ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.	4.18	6	0
pinoresinol pinoresinol: in plants; a furo[3,4-c]furan created from dimer of coniferyl alcohol. pinoresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted at positions 1 and 4 by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl groups.	2.05	1	0
dihydrorobinetin dihydrorobinetin: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
ono ae 248 ONO AE 248: structure in first source	6.1	38	0
pcera-1 PCERA-1: a ceramide-1-phosphate analog that simultaneously suppresses tumour necrosis factor-alpha and induces interleukin-10 production in activated macrophages; structure in first source	2.75	3	0
cp 544326 CP 544326: structure in first source	3.64	2	0
1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3h)-one 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one: structure in first source	2.15	1	0
diazepinylbenzoic acid diazepinylbenzoic acid: a retinoid x receptor and PPARgamma inhibitor	2.03	1	0
s-nitrosopenicillamine S-nitrosopenicillamine: activates bovine coronary arterial & rat hepatic soluble guanylate cyclase	2	1	0
1-palmitoyl-2-(6-(n-(7-nitrobenz)-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)aminocaproyl)phosphatidylcholine 1-hexadecanoyl-2-{6-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]hexanoyl}-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+) in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 are hexadecanoyl and 6-[(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]hexanoyl respectively.	1.97	1	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)	fluorescent probe
dinophysistoxin 1 dinophysistoxin 1: from toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis fortii; RN given for (35R)-isomer; structure given in first source. dinophysistoxin 1 : A ketal that is a marine toxin structurally related to okadaic acid. Produced by dinoflagellates it is known to accumulate in shellfish and cause diarrhoeic shellfish poisoning. It is an inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and PP2A and has been shown to promote cancer cell growth in tumour cell lines and animal models.	1.97	1	0	ketal	animal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; marine metabolite; toxin
calpain Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.	3.1	5	0
lucifer yellow lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt	2.42	2	0	organic lithium salt	fluorochrome
sapogenins Sapogenins: The aglucon moiety of a saponin molecule. It may be triterpenoid or steroid, usually spirostan, in nature.	3.26	6	0
hoe k86-4321 HOE k86-4321: bradykinin antagonist	1.97	1	0
saikogenin f saikogenin F: a saikosapogenin from roots of Bupleurium smithii var. parvifolium	2.02	1	0
scalaradial scalaradial: RN refers to the (5alpha,12alpha,17abeta)-isomer; a marine natural product isolated from the sponge Cacospongia sp.; structure given in first source. scalaradial : A scalarane sesterterpenoid with formula C27H40O4. It is a natural product found in the marine sponges Spongia officinalis and Cacospongia mollior, and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.	1.99	1	0	acetate ester; carbotetracyclic compound; dialdehyde; enal; scalarane sesterterpenoid	animal metabolite; anti-inflammatory agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; marine metabolite; TRP channel blocker
onjisaponin b onjisaponin B: structure in first source. senegin III : A triterpenoid saponin isolated from Polygala senega var latifolia and has been shown to exhibit hypoglycemic activity.	2.11	1	0	triterpenoid saponin
menotropins Menotropins: Extracts of urine from menopausal women that contain high concentrations of pituitary gonadotropins, FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE and LUTEINIZING HORMONE. Menotropins are used to treat infertility. The FSH:LH ratio and degree of purity vary in different preparations.	3.79	2	1
chitosan [no description available]	5.08	15	0
ph 797804 PH 797804: an NSAID; structure in first source. PH 797804 : A member of the class of benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-{3-bromo-4-[(2,4-difluorobenzyl)oxy]-6-methyl-2-oxopyridin-1-yl}-4-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of methylamine.	3.43	1	1	aromatic ether; benzamides; organobromine compound; organofluorine compound; pyridone	anti-inflammatory agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
9-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-adenine [no description available]	4.21	17	0
15-deoxyprostaglandin j2 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2: 15d-PGJ2 abbreviation is also used for 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)PGJ2	4.57	24	0
1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-(5-oxovaleryl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine having palmitoyl and 5-oxovaleryl groups at the 1- and 2-positions respectively; major species at pH 7.3.	2.43	2	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; aldehyde	apoptosis inducer
s-nitro-n-acetylpenicillamine S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine: a NO donor	3.95	13	0
yil 781 YIL 781: an appetite suppressant and weight loss promoter; structure in first source	2.17	1	0
mesna Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.	2.46	2	0	organosulfonic acid
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	8.31	375	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
cerivastatin sodium cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt; statin (synthetic)
clavulanate potassium potassium clavulanate : A potassium salt having clavulanate as the counterion. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has only weak anitbiotic activity when administered alone. However it can be used in combination with amoxicillin trihydrate (under the trade name Augmentin) for treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, where it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamases.	2.07	1	0	potassium salt	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
osteum [no description available]	1.99	1	0	organic molecular entity
sodium hypochlorite Sodium Hypochlorite: It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). sodium hypochlorite : An inorganic sodium salt in which hypochlorite is the counterion. It is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent and is commonly found in household bleach.	1.97	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	bleaching agent; disinfectant
sodium bisulfite sodium bisulfite: has been used externally for parasitic skin diseases and as gastrointestinal antiseptic; structure. sodium hydrogensulfite : An inorganic sodium salt having hydrogensulfite as the counterion.	2.11	1	0	inorganic sodium salt; sulfite salt	allergen; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; mutagen; reducing agent
cytomel liothyronine sodium : The sodium salt of liothyronine. Thought to be more active than levothyroxine and with a rapid (few hours) onset and short duration of action, liothyronine sodium is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism, particularly in cases of hypothyroid coma.	2.07	1	0	organic sodium salt
monensin [no description available]	2.47	2	0
oxacillin sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt
4-hydroxymercuribenzoate [no description available]	1.96	1	0
sodium nitrite Sodium Nitrite: Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, coloring, and preserving, and as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines.. sodium nitrite : An inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning.	2	1	0	inorganic sodium salt; nitrite salt	antidote to cyanide poisoning; antihypertensive agent; antimicrobial food preservative; food antioxidant; poison
penicillin g sodium [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt
sodium diatrizoate histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt; organoiodine compound	radioopaque medium
kw 3635 KW 3635: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2 antagonist	2.4	2	0
n 0164 N 0164: RN given refers to Na salt; structure	1.96	1	0
sodium glutamate Sodium Glutamate: One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.. monosodium glutamate : An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of glutamic acid.	2.71	3	0	monosodium glutamate	flavouring agent
ru 28318 [no description available]	1.98	1	0
ro13-9904 Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.	1.99	1	0
y 20811 Y 20811: structure given in first source	2.68	3	0
r 59274 R 59274: RN given refers to Na salt; structure in first source	2.38	2	0
(2-sulfonatoethyl)methanethiosulfonate (2-sulfonatoethyl)methanethiosulfonate: RN given for Na salt	2	1	0
cgp 31362 CGP 31362: a synthetic analog of a lipoprotein fragment from the outer wall of gram negative bacteria; RN given refers to the Na-salt; RN for parent compound not available 5/91	2.38	2	0
cortisol succinate, sodium salt hydrocortisone hemisuccinate: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; Synonyms Solu-Cortef & sopolcort H refer to Na salt	2.66	3	0	organic molecular entity
echinomycin Echinomycin: A cytotoxic polypeptide quinoxaline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces echinatus that binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis.	2.06	1	0	cyclodepsipeptide
berkeleyacetal c berkeleyacetal C: from a deep water acid mine waste Penicillium; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
methyl jasmonate [no description available]	2.79	3	0
liriodendrin liriodendrin: 573-33-4 is liriodendrin; from bark of Plumeria rubra; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
mogroside v mogroside V: cucurbitane type sweet triterpene glycoside from fruit of Momordica grosvenori Swingle; RN given refers to (3beta,9beta,10alpha,11alpha,24R-all D)-isomer	2.21	1	0
phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate : A phosphatidylinositol monophosphate carrying the phosphate group at the 4-position.	1.96	1	0
s-adenosylmethionine (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group.. (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has R-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine : A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine.	2.43	2	0	organic cation; sulfonium compound	coenzyme; cofactor; human metabolite; micronutrient; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
picrotoxin Picrotoxin: A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated chloride ionophore. Although it is most often used as a research tool, it has been used as a CNS stimulant and an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially the barbiturates.. picrotoxin : A mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of picrotoxinin and picrotin found in the climbing plant Anamirta cocculus.	3.1	5	0
canagliflozin canagliflozin hydrate : A hydrate that is the hemihydrate form of canagliflozin. Used for treatment of type II diabetes via inhibition of sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2.	2.31	1	0	C-glycosyl compound; organofluorine compound; thiophenes	hypoglycemic agent; sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor
madecassoside [no description available]	2.77	3	0	carboxylic ester; pentacyclic triterpenoid; trisaccharide derivative; triterpenoid saponin	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; antirheumatic drug; plant metabolite; vulnerary
10-nitro-oleic acid 10-nitro-oleic acid: structure in first source. (9E)-10-nitrooctadecenoic acid : A nitro fatty acid that is (9E)-octadec-9-enoic (elaidic) acid substituted by a nitro group at position 10.	2.48	2	0	long-chain fatty acid; monounsaturated fatty acid; nitro fatty acid	human metabolite
oxymatrine oxymatrine: structure in first source; has anti-apoptosis effects	2.58	2	0
pervanadate pervanadate: from a mixture of orthovanadate and hydrogen peroxide	2.02	1	0
jzl 184 JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source	2.1	1	0	benzodioxoles
egg white Egg White: The white of an egg, especially a chicken's egg, used in cooking. It contains albumin. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)	2	1	0
quetiapine fumarate Quetiapine Fumarate: A dibenzothiazepine and ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT that targets the SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR, adrenergic alpha1 and alpha2 receptors, as well as the DOPAMINE D1 RECEPTOR and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR. It is used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER and DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.	2.07	1	0	fumarate salt
1,1,1-trifluoro-6-(naphthalen-2-yl)hexan-2-one 1,1,1-trifluoro-6-(naphthalen-2-yl)hexan-2-one: inhibits Group VIA Ca(II)-independent phospholipase A2; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.	5.17	15	0
atb-346 2-(6-methoxy-napthalen-2-yl)-propionic acid 4-thiocarbamoyl-phenyl ester: NSAIDs; structure in first source	4.19	3	1
trelstar Triptorelin Pamoate: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-tryptophan substitution at residue 6.	3.76	2	1
cetrorelix cetrorelix: LHRH antagonist. cetrorelix : A synthetic ten-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl, 4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl, 3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl, L-seryl, L-tyrosyl, N(5)-carbamoyl-D-ornithyl, L-leucyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, and D-alaninamide residues coupled in sequence. A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, it is used for treatment of infertility and of hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate and breast.	3.47	1	1	oligopeptide	antineoplastic agent; GnRH antagonist
lhrh, n-acetyl-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(1)-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(2)-tryptophyl(3)-arginyl(6)-alanine(10)- LHRH, N-acetyl-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(1)-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(2)-tryptophyl(3)-arginyl(6)-alanine(10)-: gonadorelin antagonist	2.06	1	0
nafarelin Nafarelin: A potent synthetic agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with 3-(2-naphthyl)-D-alanine substitution at residue 6. Nafarelin has been used in the treatments of central PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY and ENDOMETRIOSIS.. nafarelin : An oligopeptide comprising of 5-oxo-L-proline, L-histidine, L-tryptophan, L-serine, L-tyrosine, 3-(2-naphthyl)-D-alanine, L-leucine, L-arginine and L-prolylglycinamide residues joined sequence by peptide linkages. It is a gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist that is used to treat central precocious puberty in children and endometriosis in women.	3.13	1	0	oligopeptide	anti-estrogen; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
neurotensin neurotensin, Tyr(11)-: RN given refers to parent cpd & (D)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 5/91	4.24	18	0	peptide hormone	human metabolite; mitogen; neurotransmitter; vulnerary
histrelin histrelin: gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist. histrelin : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, 1-benzyl-D-histidyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the diacetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	1.96	1	0	oligopeptide	antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
fibrinopeptide a Fibrinopeptide A: Two small peptide chains removed from the N-terminal segment of the alpha chains of fibrinogen by the action of thrombin during the blood coagulation process. Each peptide chain contains 18 amino acid residues. In vivo, fibrinopeptide A is used as a marker to determine the rate of conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin.	2.4	2	0
apelin-13 peptide apelin-13 peptide: amino acid sequence in first source. apelin-13 : A 13 amino acid oligopeptide which is the ligand for the apelin receptor (also known as the APJ receptor). It exhibits hypotensive and neuroprotective effects, and may be a potential prognostic biomarker for acute ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis.	2.52	2	0	oligopeptide	antihypertensive agent; autophagy inhibitor; biomarker; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent
substance p, prolyl(2)-tryptophan(7,9)- substance P, prolyl(2)-tryptophan(7,9)-: substance P antagonist	2.66	3	0
vel-0230 VEL-0230: a cathepsin K antagonist	3.15	1	0
pf-04418948 1-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-3-(((6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)oxy)methyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid: structure in first source	4.72	8	0
camelliaside a camelliaside A: structure given in first source; a flavonol triglycoside isolated from seeds of Camellia sinensis	2.06	1	0
tolterodine tartrate Tolterodine Tartrate: An ANTIMUSCARINIC AGENT selective for the MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS of the BLADDER that is used in the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE and URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE.	2.05	1	0	tartrate salt
mannans [no description available]	3.12	5	0
pf 3845 PF 3845: inhibits fatty acid amide hydrolase	2.21	1	0	piperidines
3,4-oxoisopropylideneshikimic acid 3,4-oxoisopropylideneshikimic acid: has antithrombotic activity; name does not agree with structure given in first source	2.51	2	0
oxt-328 OXT-328: a synthetic antineoplastic phospho-sulindac; structure in first source	2.78	3	0
8-iso-prostaglandin a2 8-isoprostaglandin A2: a cyclopentenone isoprostane	2.48	2	0	prostanoid
11,12-epoxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid 11,12-epoxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (11S,12R)-EET : An 11,12-EET in which the epoxy moiety has 11S,12R-configuration.. 11,12-EET : An EET obtained by formal epoxidation of the 11,12-double bond of arachidonic acid.	2.42	2	0	11,12-EET	human xenobiotic metabolite
peptones Peptones: Derived proteins or mixtures of cleavage products produced by the partial hydrolysis of a native protein either by an acid or by an enzyme. Peptones are readily soluble in water, and are not precipitable by heat, by alkalis, or by saturation with ammonium sulfate. (Dorland, 28th ed)	4.05	3	1
lysophosphatidylserine lysophosphatidylserine: stimulates histamine secretion from isolated mast cells in mouse plasma. lysophosphatidylserine : An acylglycerophosphoserine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylserine, which removes one of the fatty acid groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R(1) = acyl, R(2) = H or where R(1) = H, R(2) = acyl. Formula C7H13NO9PR, where R represents the hydrocarbon chain of the fatty acyl group.. 1-stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine : A 1-acyl-sn-glycerophosphoserine in which the acyl group is specified as stearoyl (octadecanoyl).	2.06	1	0	1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine
plx4032 [no description available]	2.25	1	0	aromatic ketone; difluorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; pyrrolopyridine; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; B-Raf inhibitor
a 967079 A 967079: a TRPA1 channel antagonist; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
ganglioside, gd1a [no description available]	2.11	1	0
glycolipids [no description available]	5.63	18	1
elafin Elafin: A secretory proteinase inhibitory protein that was initially purified from human SKIN. It is found in a variety mucosal secretions and is present at high levels in SPUTUM. Elafin may play a role in the innate immunity (IMMUNITY, INNATE) response of the LUNG.	2.49	2	0
baricitinib [no description available]	2.15	1	0	azetidines; nitrile; pyrazoles; pyrrolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antirheumatic drug; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
m&b 28,767 11-deoxy-16-phenoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranorprostaglandin E1: an EP3 agonist; RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,2beta(1E,3R*)))-isomer	4	14	0
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	8.31	89	0
pht 427 4-dodecyl-N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
resolvin d1 resolvin D1: an anti-inflammatory lipid mediator; structure in first source. resolvin D1 : A resolvin that is docosa-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7, 8, and 17 positions (the 7S,8R,17S-stereoisomer).	4.44	6	0	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; resolvin; triol	anti-inflammatory agent
aciculatin aciculatin: structure given in first source; isolated from the plant Chrysopogon aciculatis	2.06	1	0
multiflorin a multiflorin A: isolated from Arthromeris mairei	2.04	1	0	flavonoids; glycoside
cay 10580 CAY 10580: a E-prostanoid EP4 receptor agonist. 2-(3-hydroxyoctyl)-5-oxo-1-pyrrolidineheptanoic acid : A pyrrolidin-2-one substituted by 6-carboxyhexyl and 3-hydroxyoctyl groups at positions 1 and 2, respectively. It is a potent prostaglandin EP4 receptor agonist (Ki=35 nM).	3.59	8	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pyrrolidin-2-ones; secondary alcohol	prostaglandin receptor agonist
bryostatin 1 bryostatin 1: a protein kinase C activator; macrocyclic lactone from marine Bryozoan Bugula neritina; RN given refers to (1S-(1R,3R,5Z,7S,8E,11R,12R(2E,4E),13E,15R,17S(S),21S,23S,25R))-isomer; structure given in first source; activates protein kinase c. bryostatin 1 : A member of the class of bryostatins that is (17E)-2-oxooxacyclohexacos-17-ene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 10, and 20; an acetoxy group at position 8; methyl groups at positions 9, 9, 18, and 19; 2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene groups at positions 14 and 24; an (E,E)-octa-2,4-dienoyloxy group at position 21; and with oxygen bridges linking positions 6 to 10, 12 to 16, and 20 to 24. It is one of the most abundant member of the class of bryostatins.	2.67	3	0
endothelins [no description available]	2.99	4	0
thymosin Thymosin: Thymosin. A family of heat-stable, polypeptide hormones secreted by the thymus gland. Their biological activities include lymphocytopoiesis, restoration of immunological competence and enhancement of expression of T-cell characteristics and function. They have therapeutic potential in patients having primary or secondary immunodeficiency diseases, cancer or diseases related to aging.	3.92	13	0
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	16.74	349	19
vpc32183 VPC32183: lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor antagonist	3.44	1	1
kakkalide kakkalide: hepatoprotective isoflavonoid from Pueraria;	2.06	1	0
pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 38 [no description available]	3	4	0
phillyrin [no description available]	2	1	0
punicalagin punicalagin: hepatoprotective agent isolated from Terminalia catappa; structure in first source	2.8	3	0	tannin
myrtucommulone a myrtucommulone A: from the leaves of myrtle, Myrtus communis (Myrtaceae); structure in first source	2.45	2	0	aromatic ketone
gardiquimod [no description available]	2.06	1	0
ribociclib ribociclib: inhibits both CDK4 and CDK6	2.31	1	0
11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid 11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; a major acidic metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol in human urine	2.37	2	0	1-benzopyran
tilmicosin tilmicosin: semi-synthetic antibiotic. tilmicosin : A macrolide antibiotic with formula C46H80N2O13. It is used for the treatment of respiratory disease in cattle at high risk of developing bovine respiratory disease associated with Mannheimia haemolytica.	4.66	3	2
tylosin [no description available]	4.66	3	2
fosinopril Fosinopril: A phosphinic acid-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of hypertension. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active metabolite fosinoprilat.. fosinopril : A phosphinate ester-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. It is used for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. A pro-drug, it is hydrolysed in vivo to the corresponding phosphininc acid, fosinoprilat, which is the active metabolite.	3.78	2	1
exenatide Exenatide: A synthetic form of exendin-4, a 39-amino acid peptide isolated from the venom of the Gila monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum). Exenatide increases CYCLIC AMP levels in pancreatic acinar cells and acts as a GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist and incretin mimetic, enhancing insulin secretion in response to increased glucose levels; it also suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying. It is used an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity agent.	2.08	1	0
kavain kavain: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; see also kavaform; structure	1.99	1	0	2-pyranones; aromatic ether
aplysiatoxin aplysiatoxin: structure. aplysiatoxin : The parent member of the class of aplysiatoxins. It is a cyanotoxin produced by several species of freshwater and marine cyanobacteria, as well as algae and molluscs.	2.37	2	0	aplysiatoxins; bromophenol; cyclic hemiketal; ether; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; spiroketal	algal metabolite; carcinogenic agent; cyanotoxin; marine metabolite; protein kinase C agonist
stemregenin 1 StemRegenin 1: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
licochalcone e licochalcone E: from roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
gsk 2334470 GSK 2334470: a PDK1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.11	1	0	indazoles
sulfolipid i sulfolipid I: principal sulfolipid class of virulent human Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H(37)Rv. sulfolipid I : The principal sulfolipid class of virulent human Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H(37)Rv.	1.97	1	0	polyacyl alpha,alpha-trehalose derivative; sulfoglycolipid
fructose-1,6-diphosphate fructose-1,6-diphosphate: RN refers to (D)-isomer	2.4	2	0
gyy 4137 GYY 4137: has vasodilator, antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory activities; structure in first source	2.1	1	0	organic molecular entity
calcipotriene calcipotriene: a topical dermatologic for the treatment of moderate plaque psoriasis; structure in first source. calcipotriol hydrate : A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of calcipotriol. It is used in combination with betamethasone dipropionate, a corticosteroid, for the topical treatment of plaque psoriasis in adult patients.	1.97	1	0	hydrate	antipsoriatic
kp372-1 KP372-1: mixture of two isomers present in equal amounts; Akt kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
methylcellulose Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.	4.26	4	1
vasoactive intestinal peptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).	8.84	94	1
natriuretic peptide, brain Natriuretic Peptide, Brain: A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.	8.23	14	5	polypeptide
heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.	3.63	9	0
leukotoxin leukotoxin: do not confuse with leukotoxin which is 9,10-epoxy-12-octadecenoate	1.99	1	0
3-amino-4-(3-hexylphenylamino)-4-oxobutylphosphonic acid 3-amino-4-(3-hexylphenylamino)-4-oxobutylphosphonic acid: W146 is the (R)-isomer; structure in first source	2.49	2	0
urb937 URB937: a peripherally restricted inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase	2.13	1	0
oleoyl ethyl amide oleoyl ethyl amide: also known as OEtA; inhibits fatty acid amide hydrolase	2.08	1	0
anemarsaponin b anemarsaponin B: from Anemarrhena asphodeloides; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
chondroitin Chondroitin: A mucopolysaccharide constituent of chondrin. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	3.8	2	1
heparitin sulfate Heparitin Sulfate: A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.	3.36	7	0
tuftsin Tuftsin: N(2)-((1-(N(2)-L-Threonyl)-L-lysyl)-L-prolyl)-L-arginine. A tetrapeptide produced in the spleen by enzymatic cleavage of a leukophilic gamma-globulin. It stimulates the phagocytic activity of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and neutrophils in particular. The peptide is located in the Fd fragment of the gamma-globulin molecule.	2.37	2	0	peptide
neuromedin b neuromedin B: decapeptide isolated from porcine spinal cord	1.96	1	0
2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal 2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal: has antineoplastic activity	2.1	1	0
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	9.19	50	4	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.	2.44	2	0	carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.	3.63	9	0
chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.	2.7	3	0
oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.	3.86	2	1
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.	8.54	19	1
salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.	7.79	50	4	monohydroxybenzoate	plant metabolite
dicumarol Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.	3.28	6	0	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam [no description available]	10.44	97	6	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
acenocoumarol Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
mobic Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.	11.47	89	12	1,3-thiazoles; benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.	4.88	8	1	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	4.96	36	0	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
metastat tetracycline CMT-3: a non-antimicrobial tetracycline; structure in second source	2	1	0
ascorbate-2-phosphate ascorbate-2-phosphate: inhibitor of ascorbate-2-sulfate sulfohydrolase from bovine liver. L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate : An aldonolactone phosphate that is the 2-phosphate ester of L-ascorbic acid. It can stimulate collagen formation.	1.99	1	0	aldonolactone phosphate
demeclocycline Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	1.96	1	0
phenprocoumon Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.	2.05	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
citrinin Citrinin: Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum.	2.07	1	0
arzanol arzanol: a prenylated alpha-pyrone-phloroglucinol etherodimer from Helichrysum italicum subsp.microphyllum; has antioxidant and cytotoxic activity; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
rolitetracycline Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.	2.05	1	0
teriflunomide [no description available]	2.92	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic amide; enamide; enol; nitrile; secondary carboxamide	drug metabolite; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
s 0139 S 0139: structure given in first source; ET(A) receptor antagonist	3.09	5	0
lornoxicam lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.	2.77	3	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
vulpinic acid vulpinic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source; vulpinic acid refers to (E)-isomer	2.07	1	0	butenolide
pogostone Pogostone: volatile oil of Pogostemon cablin	2.11	1	0	aromatic ketone
s 1 (combination) S 1 (combination): consists of tegafur, 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxyuridine & potassium oxonate; an inhibitor of fluorouracil(5-FU) degradation; prolongs the blood 5-FU level as well as increases selective toxicity to tumor; used for the treatment of colon cancer	2.1	1	0
omega-agatoxin iva omega-Agatoxin IVA: A neuropeptide toxin from the venom of the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. It inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, P-TYPE by altering the voltage-dependent gating so that very large depolarizations are needed for channel opening. It also inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, Q-TYPE.	2.01	1	0
epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.	11.38	254	0
quil a Quil A: produces antibodies to bovine ephemeral fever virus	1.99	1	0
acth (7-38) ACTH (7-38): do not confuse with CIP protein. defensin : A family of cysteine-rich polypeptides that function as host defence peptides and consist of 18-45 amino acids including six to eight cysteine residues.	2.05	1	0
gastrin-releasing peptide Gastrin-Releasing Peptide: Neuropeptide and gut hormone that helps regulate GASTRIC ACID secretion and motor function. Once released from nerves in the antrum of the STOMACH, the neuropeptide stimulates release of GASTRIN from the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS.	2.89	4	0
kaolinite Kaolin: The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: high ridge), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). kaolin : An aluminosilicate soft white mineral named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. In its natural state kaolin is a white, soft powder consisting principally of the mineral kaolinite, and varying amounts of other minerals such as muscovite, quartz, feldspar, and anatase. It is used in the manufacture of china and porcelain and also widely used in the production of paper, rubber, paint, drying agents, and many other products.	4.88	8	1	aluminosilicate mineral; mixture	antidiarrhoeal drug; excipient
charybdotoxin [no description available]	3.7	10	0
transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.	16.42	380	5
phytoestrogens Phytoestrogens: Compounds derived from plants, primarily ISOFLAVONES that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to ESTROGEN RECEPTORS.	3.17	5	0
okadaic acid Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.	4.13	16	0	ketal
tcv 309 TCV 309: PAF antagonist	1.98	1	0
phosphatidylethanol phosphatidylethanol: formed in rat brain by phospholipase D. phosphatidylethanol : A glycerophospholipid that is the monoethyl ester of any phosphatidic acid.	2.4	2	0
resolvin D4 resolvin D4: a lipoxygenase-induced metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that is involved in host protection and bacterial clearance. resolvin D4 : A member of the class of resolvins that is (6E,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 4, 5 and 17 (the 4S,5R,17S-stereoisomer).	2.25	1	0	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; resolvin; secondary allylic alcohol; triol	anti-inflammatory agent; human xenobiotic metabolite
ep 092 EP 092: thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
gamithromycin gamithromycin: an antibiotic used in cattle. gamithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic with formula C40H76N2O12. It is used for the treatment of of bovine respiratory disease caused by Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni and Mycoplasma bovis in beef and non-lactating dairy cattle. The compound is also licensed in Europe for the treatment of footrot in sheep caused by Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium nodosus.	4.47	2	2	macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative	antibacterial drug; protein synthesis inhibitor
urolithin c urolithin C: inhibits cell proliferation; from Epilobium sp. herbs; structure in first source	2.25	1	0	coumarins
pyrethrins [no description available]	3.15	5	0
lipoxin b4 lipoxin B4: structure in first source. lipoxin B4 : A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (14R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (6E)- (8Z)-, (10E)- and (12E)-double bonds.. lipoxin B4(1-) : A hydroxy fatty acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of lipoxin B4: major species at pH 7.3.	3.08	5	0	hydroxy fatty acid anion; lipoxin anion
ajmaline [no description available]	2.47	2	0
bms 182123 trichodimerol: fungal metabolite isolated from Penicillium chrysogenum; structure in first source. trichodimerol : An organic heterotetracyclic compound found in Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Penicillium chrysogenum.	1.99	1	0
sc 26196 [no description available]	2.04	1	0
thymic factor, circulating Thymic Factor, Circulating: A thymus-dependent nonapeptide found in normal blood. Stimulates the formation of E rosettes and is believed to be involved in T-cell differentiation.	3.37	7	0
kiss1 protein, human Kisspeptins: Intercellular signaling peptides that were originally characterized by their ability to suppress NEOPLASM METASTASIS. Kisspeptins have since been found to play an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of REPRODUCTION.	3.01	4	0
timosaponin aiii timosaponin AIII: nootropic agent from Anemarrhena asphodeloides; structure in first source	2.13	1	0
curcumin glucuronide curcumin glucuronide: a curcumin metabolite	2	1	0	diarylheptanoid
trp-lys-tyr-met-val-met Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-Met: a synthetic peptide, stimulates phosphoinositide hyrolysis in human leukocytes	2.03	1	0
platonin platonin: RN given refers to diiodide; structure in first source	2.78	3	0
eupalinolide a eupalinolide A: heat shock protein inducer from Eupatorium lindleyanum; structure in first source	2.41	1	0
tg6-10-1 TG6-10-1: brain-permeant prostaglandin E receptor 2 antagonist; structure in first source	3.93	3	0
agar Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.	2.39	2	0
5-(1-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-pyrazol-4-yl)-2h-tetrazole 5-(1-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2H-tetrazole: structure in first source	2.15	1	0
resolvin d3 resolvin D3: structure in first source. resolvin D3 : A member of the class of resolvins that is (5Z,7E,9E,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 4, 11 and 17 (the 4S,11R,17S-stereoisomer).	2.25	1	0	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; resolvin; secondary allylic alcohol; triol	anti-inflammatory agent; human xenobiotic metabolite
hypophyllanthin hypophyllanthin: Anti-inflammatory from Phyllanthus amarus	2.11	1	0
hirudin Hirudin: A 65-residue polypeptide from LEECHES.	2.47	2	0
glutaminase [no description available]	2.44	2	0
cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.	5.91	37	0
petrosaspongiolide m petrosaspongiolide m: isolated from the caledonian marine sponge Petrosaspongia nigra; structure in first source	2.93	4	0
lysophosphatidylinositol [no description available]	2	1	0
lysophosphatidylethanolamine lysophosphatidylethanolamine : A glycerophosphoethanolamine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylethanolamine, which removes one of the fatty acid groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R(1) = acyl, R(2) = H or where R(1) = H, R(2) = acyl.	2.7	3	0
caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.	4.07	15	0
ether platycodin D3: from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum (Campanulaceae); structure in first source	2	1	0
limbrel flavocoxid: a mixture of baicalin and catechin used as an NSAID	3.2	5	0
vce-003 VCE-003: a cannabigerol quinone; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
gamma2-msh gamma2-MSH: The 11-residue peptide that is without amidation.	2.45	2	0
vasotocin, desgly(nh2)(9)d(ch2)5-tyr(me)(2)-thr(4)-orn(8)- vasotocin, desGly(NH2)(9)d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)(2)-Thr(4)-Orn(8)-: amino acid sequence given in first source; implicated in the control of seasonal changes in singing behavior of male canaries	1.98	1	0
oligomycins Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X).	2.76	3	0
g(m3) ganglioside G(M3) Ganglioside: A ganglioside present in abnormally large amounts in the brain and liver due to a deficient biosynthetic enzyme, G(M3):UDP-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Deficiency of this enzyme prevents the formation of G(M2) ganglioside from G(M3) ganglioside and is the cause of an anabolic sphingolipidosis.. alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) : A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/24:1(15Z)).	2.4	2	0	alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide; sialodiosylceramide; sialotriaosylceramide	mouse metabolite
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor	2.7	3	0
fsl-1 lipoprotein, synthetic FSL-1 lipoprotein, synthetic: a synthetic lipoprotein based on the 44-kDa lipoprotein from Mycoplasma salivarium	2.47	2	0
nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.	3.85	2	1
bassianolide bassianolide: cyclodepsipeptide from mycelia of Beauveria bassiana; inhibits isotonic contractions induced by acetylcholine. bassianolide : A cyclodepsipeptide consisting of a cyclic tetramer of the depsipeptide D-Hiv-N-methyl-L-leucine (where D-Hiv = D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid). Found in the fungal species Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii, it has insecticidal properties and is used as a commercial biopesticide to control of insects of agricultural, veterinary and medical significance. For elucidation of the structure, see Suzuki et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1977 v25, 2167-2170.	2.67	3	0	cyclodepsipeptide; cyclooctadepsipeptide	antineoplastic agent; fungal metabolite; insecticide
lewis x antigen Lewis X Antigen: A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, Lewis X antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen.	2	1	0
4'-hydroxyaceclofenac 4'-hydroxyaceclofenac: metabolite of aceclofenac; structure in first source	2.69	3	0
1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin d3 1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3: RN refers to (1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E)-isomer; formulated in ointment at a concentration of 4 microg/g, for treatment of mild psoriasis	1.97	1	0
handelin handelin: Chinese drug isolated from flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L.; structure given in first source	2.1	1	0	sesterterpenoid
angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3.	5.86	23	1	angiotensin; peptide zwitterion	human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent
isookanin isookanin: from Bidens bipinnata; structure in first source	2.31	1	0
hyaluronoglucosaminidase Hyaluronoglucosaminidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) There has been use as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to limit NEOPLASM METASTASIS.	3.62	9	0
bacoside a3 bacoside A3: from Bacopa monniera; structure given in first source	2.41	1	0	triterpenoid
pepbs1-ac peptide AP301 peptide: a synthetic peptide mimicking the lectin-like domain of TNF	2.21	1	0
gastrin i gastrin I: heptadecapeptide amide, H-Pyr-Gly-Pro-Trp-Leu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2	1.99	1	0
inokosterone inokosterone: minor descriptor (75-83); on-line & Index Medicus search CHOLESTENES (75-83); RN given refers to (2beta,3beta,5beta,22R)-isomer	2.08	1	0
adrenomedullin Adrenomedullin: A 52-amino acid peptide with multi-functions. It was originally isolated from PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and ADRENAL MEDULLA but is widely distributed throughout the body including lung and kidney tissues. Besides controlling fluid-electrolyte homeostasis, adrenomedullin is a potent vasodilator and can inhibit pituitary ACTH secretion.	2.94	4	0
mica [no description available]	2.05	1	0
angiotensin iii Angiotensin III: A heptapeptide formed from ANGIOTENSIN II after the removal of an amino acid at the N-terminal by AMINOPEPTIDASE A. Angiotensin III has the same efficacy as ANGIOTENSIN II in promoting ALDOSTERONE secretion and modifying renal blood flow, but less vasopressor activity (about 40%).	2.89	4	0
mesotocin [no description available]	1.98	1	0
deltakephalin deltakephalin: synthetic, potent specific agonist for opiate delta receptors	2.39	2	0
diospyros Diospyros: A plant genus of the family EBENACEAE, order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida best known for the edible fruit and the antibacterial activity and compounds of the wood.	2.54	2	0
sta 2 STA 2: thromboxane A2 agonist; structure given in first source	3.37	7	0
2,3,5-(triglutathion-s-yl)hydroquinone [no description available]	2.69	3	0
oryzatensin oryzatensin: released from rice soluble protein upon digestion with trypsin; amino acid sequence in first source	2.39	2	0
alpha-viniferin alpha-viniferin: from Caragana chamlagu root; structure given in first source	2.1	1	0
d-ala(2),mephe(4),met(0)-ol-enkephalin D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin: A stable synthetic analog of methionine enkephalin (ENKEPHALIN, METHIONINE). Actions are similar to those of methionine enkephalin. Its effects can be reversed by narcotic antagonists such as naloxone.	2.65	3	0
ginkgolide b [no description available]	5.38	19	0
oridonin [no description available]	2.83	3	0
morroniside morroniside: from Cornus officinalis; protects cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells from damage by high ambient glucose; a component of cornel iridoid glycoside; structure in first source	2.31	1	0
chebulagic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	0
t-2 toxin T-2 Toxin: A potent mycotoxin produced in feedstuffs by several species of the genus FUSARIUM. It elicits a severe inflammatory reaction in animals and has teratogenic effects.. T-2 toxin : A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium. It is a common contaminant in food and feedstuffs of cereal origin and is known to cause a range of toxic effects in humans and animals.	2.37	2	0
cc 3052 CC 3052: a water-soluble analog of thalidomide; structure in first source	2	1	0
aldrin Aldrin: A highly poisonous substance that was formerly used as an insecticide. The manufacture and use has been discontinued in the U.S. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). aldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the Diels-Alder reaction of hexachlorocyclopentadiene with norbornadiene. A proinsecticide (by epoxidation of the non-chlorinated double bond to give dieldrin), it was widely used as an insecticide before being banned in the 1970s as a persistent organic pollutant.	2.58	2	0
peoniflorin peoniflorin: from Radix and of Paeonia suffruticosa	3.46	7	0
vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.	3.48	1	1
aconitine Aconitine: A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM; DELPHINIUM and larkspurs. It activates VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIAS in experimental animals and it has anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgic properties.. aconitine : A diterpenoid that is 20-ethyl-3alpha,13,15alpha-trihydroxy-1alpha,6alpha,16beta-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-8,14alpha-diol having acetate and benzoate groups at the 8- and 14-positions respectively.	2.68	3	0
norgestrel Norgestrel: A synthetic progestational agent with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE. This racemic or (+-)-form has about half the potency of the levo form (LEVONORGESTREL). Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis.	4.3	4	1
transforming growth factor alpha Transforming Growth Factor alpha: An EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR related protein that is found in a variety of tissues including EPITHELIUM, and maternal DECIDUA. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form which binds to the EGF RECEPTOR.	7.59	52	1
glutamyl-valyl-glycine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	peptide
maxadilan protein, insect maxadilan protein, insect: peptide from salivary glands of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis; has 500 times the vasodilator avtivity of calcitonin gene-related peptide	1.99	1	0
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	9.5	55	4
silybin Silybin: The major active component of silymarin flavonoids extracted from seeds of the MILK THISTLE, Silybum marianum; it is used in the treatment of HEPATITIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and CHEMICAL AND DRUG INDUCED LIVER INJURY, and has antineoplastic activity; silybins A and B are diastereomers.	3.17	5	0
triciribine triciribine: structure. triciribine : A nucleoside analogue in which the nucleobase portion is a 1,4,5,6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylene ring system substituted with an amino group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 5 and is bound to the beta-D-ribofuranosyl moiety by an N(1)-glycosidic linkage.	2.11	1	0
cytochalasin d Cytochalasin D: A fungal metabolite that blocks cytoplasmic cleavage by blocking formation of contractile microfilament structures resulting in multinucleated cell formation, reversible inhibition of cell movement, and the induction of cellular extrusion. Additional reported effects include the inhibition of actin polymerization, DNA synthesis, sperm motility, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and growth hormone release.. cytochalasin D : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a mycotoxin produced by Helminthosporium and other moulds which is cell permeable and a potent inhibitor of actin polymerisation and DNA synthesis.	3.81	11	0
ginkgolide j ginkgolide J: a naturally occurring ginkgolide from GINKGO	2.31	1	0
peptide yy Peptide YY: A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion.. peptide YY : A 36-membered human gut polypeptide consisting of Tyr, Pro, Ile, Lys, Pro, Glu, Ala, Pro, Gly, Glu, Asp, Ala, Ser, Pro, Glu, Glu, Leu, Asn, Arg, Tyr, Tyr, Ala, Ser, Leu, Arg, His, Tyr, Leu, Asn, Leu, Val, Thr, Arg, Gln, Arg and Tyr-NH2 residues joined in sequence.	4.47	5	1
lactoferrin Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.	4.2	17	0
akebia saponin d akebia saponin D: isolated from Dipsacus asper; structure in first source. akebia saponin D : A triterpenoid saponin that is hederagenin attached to a alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage and a 6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 28 via an ester linkage. It is the active ingredient found in the traditional Chinese herb Radix Dipsaci.	2.41	1	0
myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55) [no description available]	2.02	1	0
digitonin Digitonin: A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects.. digitonin : A spirostanyl glycoside that is digitogenin in which the 3-hydroxy group is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl group. It is a steroidal saponin isolated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis purpurea. It is used extensively as a mild non-ionic detergent for extracting proteins from membranes for structure and function studies.	2.38	2	0
catalpol catalpol: component of dihuang; RN given refers to (1aS-(1aalpha,1bbeta,2beta,5abeta,6beta,6aalpha))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/92	2.11	1	0
oxysophocarpine [no description available]	2.11	1	0
edetic acid solasodine: RN given refers to (3beta,22alpha,25R)-isomer; structure. solasodine : An oxaspiro compound and steroid alkaloid sapogenin with formula C27H43NO2 found in the Solanum (nightshade) family. It is used as a precursor in the synthesis of complex steroidal compounds such as contraceptive pills.	2.04	1	0
alismol alismol: isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma; structure given in first source	2.15	1	0
tomatine Tomatine: An alkaloid that occurs in the extract of leaves of wild tomato plants. It has been found to inhibit the growth of various fungi and bacteria. It is used as a precipitating agent for steroids. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed). tomatine : A steroid alkaloid that is tomatidine in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is linked to lycotetraose, a tetrasaccharide composed of two units of D-glucose, one unit of D-xylose, and one unit of D-galactose.	2.04	1	0
poncirin poncirin: isolated from the fructus of Poncirus trifoliata; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
fusarenon-x fusarenon-X: mycotoxin isolated from Fusarium nivale; belongs to 12,13-epoxytrichothecene group; structure	1.97	1	0
2-cyclopropylimino-3-methyl-1,3-thiazoline hydrochloride 2-cyclopropylimino-3-methyl-1,3-thiazoline hydrochloride: Hypoglycemic Agent	2.1	1	0
tixocortol tixocortol: 21-thiol derivative of hydrocortisone. tixocortol : A steroid sulfide in which the sulfanyl group is at C-21 of a polyoxygenated derivative of pregn-4-ene.	1.96	1	0
apyrase Apyrase: A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5.	3.27	6	0
thromboplastin Thromboplastin: Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.	6.08	11	1
muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	5.43	20	0
amyloid beta-peptides amyloid beta-protein (1-40): although acutely neurotoxic in both rat & monkey cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration in primates resembles more closely to that found in Alzheimer's disease; amino acid sequence has been determined	4.24	5	0
chondroitin sulfates Chondroitin Sulfates: Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate.	5.96	25	0
promega Promega: refined fish-oil product concentrated in long-chain polyunsaturated omega 3 fatty acids; principal fatty acids are 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid & 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid	5.94	5	2
exudates Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)	2.49	2	0
angiogenin angiogenin: human tumor protein which stimulates growth of blood vessels; contains 123 amino acids; member of the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily; MW 14,400	2.96	1	0
tautomycin tautomycin: an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A; isolated from Streptomyces spiroverticillatus; MF: C42-H70-O12; exists as a tautomeric mixture in solution	1.98	1	0
preimplantation factor, synthetic [no description available]	2.15	1	0
lupane lupane: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
euk-189 EUK-189: a salen Mn compound that mimics the action of catalase; structure in first source	2.02	1	0
dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfuric acid, sodium salt sodium laureth sulfate: do not confuse with sodium lauryl sulfate, which is also known by this name	3.13	1	0
entecavir entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	2.92	4	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
levoleucovorin Levoleucovorin: A folate analog consisting of the pharmacologically active isomer of LEUCOVORIN.. (6S)-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : The pharmacologically active (6S)-stereoisomer of 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid.	2.08	1	0	5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.	11.04	186	4	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sepiapterin sepiapterin: A substrate of sepiapterin reductase	1.99	1	0	sepiapterin
deoxyguanosine [no description available]	3.92	12	0	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deoxyinosine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine diphosphate Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	3.37	7	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanosine monophosphate Guanosine Monophosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.. guanosine 5'-monophosphate : A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase.	2.39	2	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	5.19	49	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanine [no description available]	2	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose.	2.45	2	0	guanosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	fundamental metabolite
hypoxanthine [no description available]	3.09	5	0	nucleobase analogue; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	fundamental metabolite
inosinic acid Inosine Monophosphate: Inosine 5'-Monophosphate. A purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety.	2.38	2	0	inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
inosine [no description available]	2.9	4	0	inosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
inosine triphosphate Inosine Triphosphate: Inosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). An inosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. Synonym: IRPPP.	2.39	2	0	inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
sapropterin sapropterin: RN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases. (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin : A 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin in which the stereocentre at position 6 has R-configuration.. sapropterin : A tetrahydropterin that is 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-4(3H)-one in which a hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a 1,2-dihydroxypropyl group (6R,1'R,2'S-enantiomer).	2.43	2	0	5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin	coenzyme; cofactor; diagnostic agent; human metabolite
folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.	5.14	10	1	folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient
guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes.	7.06	31	1	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
pheophytin a pheophytin a: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha(2E,7S,11S),4beta,21beta))-isomer	2.1	1	0
neopterin [no description available]	3.11	5	0
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	3.27	6	0	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.	4.84	12	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; GABA antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; xenobiotic
dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.75	3	0	dacarbazine
didanosine Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.	2.05	1	0	purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir [no description available]	3	4	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antiinfective agent; antiviral drug
sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.	2.47	2	0	piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
olanzapine Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.	4.09	5	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; propane-1,3-diols	antiviral drug
oxypurinol Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.	2.4	2	0	pyrazolopyrimidine	drug metabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
zaprinast zaprinast: anaphylaxis inhibitor; structure	2.41	2	0	triazolopyrimidines
raltitrexed [no description available]	2.05	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	5.97	41	0	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
2,2'-(hydroxynitrosohydrazono)bis-ethanamine 2,2'-(hydroxynitrosohydrazono)bis-ethanamine: a nitric oxide (NO) generating compound. 1,1-bis(2-aminoethyl)-2-hydroxy-3-oxotriazane : A nitroso compound that is triazane in which the the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by two 2-aminoethyl groups, that at position 2 is substituted by a hydroxy group, and that at position 3 is substituted by an oxo group.	2.7	3	0
leucovorin 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.	2.47	2	0	formyltetrahydrofolic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
guanylyl imidodiphosphate Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate: A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta to the gamma phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg2+. The nucleotide is a potent stimulator of ADENYLYL CYCLASES.. guanosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is GTP in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta- to the gamma- phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, it binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg(2+).	4.41	22	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
phenylamil phenylamil: irreversible inhibitor of sodium channels in the toad urinary bladder	1.98	1	0	guanidines; pyrazines
noc 18 NOC 18: releases nitric oxide; structure in first source	2.4	2	0
alanosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
norclozapine norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.	2.1	1	0	dibenzodiazepine; organochlorine compound; piperazines	delta-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
1,5-dihydro-7-(1-piperidinyl)-imidazo(2,1-b)quinazolin-2(3h)-one 1,5-dihydro-7-(1-piperidinyl)-imidazo(2,1-b)quinazolin-2(3H)-one: a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation	2.41	2	0
guanosine 5'-o-(2-thiodiphosphate) [no description available]	3.24	6	0	nucleoside diphosphate analogue
pemetrexed pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).	4.45	1	1	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pyrrolopyrimidine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
tirapazamine Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine; benzotriazines; N-oxide	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer
sildenafil citrate Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil.	2.94	4	0	citrate salt	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
valganciclovir Valganciclovir: A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor.. valganciclovir : The L-valinyl ester of ganciclovir, into which it is rapidly converted by intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.	2.06	1	0	L-valyl ester; purines	antiviral drug; prodrug
hymenialdisine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
rifabutin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
8-bromocyclic gmp 8-bromo-3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic GMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the guanine ring. A membrane permeable cGMP analogue that activates protein kinase G (PKG). It is 4.3-fold more potent than cGMP in activating PKG1alpha and promotes relaxation of tracheal and vascular smooth muscle tissue in vitro.	4.01	14	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; organobromine compound	muscle relaxant; protein kinase G agonist
trypan blue Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).	3.1	5	0
isaindigotone isaindigotone: 3-arylidenepyrrolo(2,1-b)quinazoline-9-one from Isatis indigotica; structure in first source	2	1	0
methylnitronitrosoguanidine Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position	3.38	7	0	nitroso compound	alkylating agent
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.	3.93	12	0	guanosines	biomarker
8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-gmp 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cGMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic GMP in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the purine fragment is replaced by a 4-chlorophenylthio group.	2	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; ribonucleotide	protein kinase agonist
inosine pranobex Inosine Pranobex: An alkylamino-alcohol complex of inosine used in the treatment of a variety of viral infections. Unlike other antiviral agents, it acts by modifying or stimulating cell-mediated immune processes rather than acting on the virus directly.	1.96	1	0
debromohymenialdisine [no description available]	2.21	1	0
npt 15392 NPT 15392: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd	1.96	1	0
8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate: a signal for protein S-guanylation; structure in first source. 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in which the hydrogen at position 8 on the purine fragment has been replaced by a nitro group.	2.21	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; C-nitro compound	biomarker; Brassica napus metabolite; human metabolite; signalling molecule
fr 167653 FR 167653: structure given in first source	2.41	2	0
methyl inosine monophosphate methyl inosine monophosphate: potential immunotherapeutic for early HIV infection; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
alpha-cyclopiazonic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	alpha-cyclopiazonic acids
carbadox Carbadox: An antibacterial agent that has been used in veterinary practice for treating swine dysentery and enteritis and for promoting growth. However, its use has been prohibited in the UK following reports of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p125)	2.07	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-n-tert-butylnitrone alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone: structure given in first source	2.02	1	0
carthamine carthamine: composed of two chalcones; from Carthamus tinctorius; the conjugated bonds cause a red color; derived from precarthamin by a decarboxylase; do not confuse with carthamidin	2.01	1	0	hydroxycinnamic acid
trimedoxime bromide Trimedoxime: Cholinesterase reactivator used as an antidote in alkyl phosphate poisoning.	2.21	1	0
defibrotide defibrotide: Single-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotide extracted from mammalian organs and used in the treatment of HEPATIC VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE in patients with kidney or lung abnormalities following HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION	5.53	9	2
dibutyryl cyclic gmp Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP: N-(1-Oxobutyl)-cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate)-2'-butanoate guanosine. A derivative of cyclic GMP. It has a higher resistance to extracellular and intracellular phosphodiesterase than cyclic GMP.	3.92	13	0
sparstolonin b sparstolonin B: selectively blocks TLR2- and TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling; isolated from a Chinese herb, Spaganium stoloniferum; structure in first source	2.41	1	0
fenobam fenobam: in USAN fenobam refers to monohydrate	2.07	1	0	ureas
alcian blue Alcian Blue: A copper-containing dye used as a gelling agent for lubricants, for staining of bacteria and for the dyeing of histiocytes and fibroblasts in vivo.	2	1	0
lipoteichoic acid lipoteichoic acid: lipopolysaccharides with an acyl group anchored to the cell membrane of gram-positive bacteria; functions as an adhesion molecule to facilitate the binding of bacteria to cells, colonization, and invasion; interacts with CD14 to induce NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine production; can function as surface antigen; inhibits remineraliztion of artificial lesions and surface-softened enamels;. lipoteichoic acid : A teichoic acid which is covalently bound to a lipid.	4.07	14	0
eye [no description available]	7.49	40	1
quillaja saponins Quillaja Saponins: Natural detergents made up of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules having a triterpenoid core structure. They vary in aglycone (sapogenin) and sugar moieties, including glucose.	1.99	1	0
colibactin colibactin: a hybrid peptide-polyketide secreted by E coli. colibactin : A member of the class of 1,3-thiazoles that comprises of two units of 2-[(2-{6-[(2S)-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-5-yl]-5-oxo-4-azaspiro[2.4]hept-6-en-7-yl}acetamido)methyl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid linked together via the formal condensation of the carboxy groups. It is a secondary metabolite produced by certain strains of bacteria found in the human gut such as Escherichia coli. It has the ability to bind covalently to DNA and is strongly associated with colorectal cancer.	2.11	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; azaspiro compound; polyketide; pyrroline; secondary carboxamide	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; genotoxin
carbidopa Carbidopa: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that prevents conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no anti-parkinson activity by itself.. carbidopa : The hydrate of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	3.77	2	1
bisabolangelone bisabolangelone: from the roots of Angelica koreana; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
pseudolaric acid b [no description available]	2.07	1	0
concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.	10.29	122	1
trypsinogen Trypsinogen: The inactive proenzyme of trypsin secreted by the pancreas, activated in the duodenum via cleavage by enteropeptidase. (Stedman, 25th ed)	2.38	2	0
cep-11004 CEP-11004: inhibitors of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway	2.02	1	0
metallothionein Metallothionein: A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals.	4.01	4	0
biphenylylacetic acid biphenylylacetic acid: metabolite of BHD 7538; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locants for acetic acid moities	2.44	2	0
formocresol formocresol: preferred agent for performing pulpotomies in primary teeth	3.39	1	1
chloroaluminum tetrasulfophthalocyanine chloroaluminum tetrasulfophthalocyanine: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	0
2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein [no description available]	2.39	2	0
phosphorus radioisotopes Phosphorus Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes.	3.36	7	0
acetylpuerarin acetylpuerarin: structure in first source	2.1	1	0
galanin-like peptide Galanin-Like Peptide: A neuropeptide that is highly homologous to GALANIN. It is produced by proteolytic processing of a larger protein that is unrelated to prepro-galanin and preferentially binds to GALANIN-2 RECEPTOR.	2.08	1	0
leptin Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.	9.1	38	0
pyrimidinones Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.	4.64	6	1
tetrafluoroaluminate tetrafluoroaluminate: induces inositol phosphate formation	4.3	1	1
phenanthrenes Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	6.81	31	0

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	1	32.82	3,383	783
Gastric Fistula Abnormal passage communicating with the STOMACH.	0	2.66	3	0
Gastroduodenal Ulcer [description not available]	0	12.34	68	3
Peptic Ulcer Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).	0	12.34	68	3
Gastric Diseases [description not available]	0	9.07	58	5
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available]	0	11.51	353	0
Age-Related Osteoporosis [description not available]	0	8.48	37	1
Osteoporosis Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.	0	8.48	37	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	18.31	1,269	3
Osteosclerosis An abnormal hardening or increased density of bone tissue.	0	2.41	2	0
Allodynia [description not available]	0	13.62	335	1
Ache [description not available]	0	19.33	414	43
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	1	21.33	414	43
Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available]	0	6.66	85	0
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	0	15.76	469	9
Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	6.66	85	0
Primary Peritonitis [description not available]	0	10.9	88	1
Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.	0	10.9	88	1
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	0	5.95	40	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	0	5.95	40	0
Encephalitis, Polio [description not available]	0	2.48	2	0
Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)	0	2.48	2	0
Adverse Drug Event [description not available]	0	4.21	6	0
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.	0	4.21	6	0
Bone Fractures [description not available]	0	9.49	18	1
Fractures, Bone Breaks in bones.	0	9.49	18	1
Pulmonary Hypertension [description not available]	0	7.04	11	1
Hypertension, Pulmonary Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.	0	7.04	11	1
Breast Cancer [description not available]	0	15.45	207	13
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	0	15.45	207	13
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	0	6.41	17	0
Apoplexy [description not available]	0	6.97	18	0
Eye Disorders [description not available]	0	6.5	6	1
Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye.	0	6.5	6	1
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	0	6.41	17	0
Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)	0	6.97	18	0
Aura [description not available]	0	5.37	13	0
Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)	0	5.37	13	0
Absence Seizure [description not available]	0	4.76	30	0
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	0	4.76	30	0
Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)	0	5.59	17	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	0	23.61	1,851	57
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	0	23.61	1,851	57
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	0	7.72	50	0
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	0	10.33	91	0
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	0	8.22	61	1
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	0	8.22	61	1
Menstruation, Painful [description not available]	0	9.17	32	10
Dysmenorrhea Painful menstruation.	0	9.17	32	10
Gastric Ulcer [description not available]	0	14.96	412	8
Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).	0	14.96	412	8
Canine Diseases [description not available]	0	9.01	33	8
Uterine Atony [description not available]	0	7.95	19	2
Uterine Inertia Failure of the UTERUS to contract with normal strength, duration, and intervals during childbirth (LABOR, OBSTETRIC). It is also called uterine atony.	0	7.95	19	2
Infections, Listeria [description not available]	0	2.95	4	0
Allergic Rhinitis [description not available]	0	2.93	3	0
Bilateral Nasal Obstruction [description not available]	0	2.78	3	0
Nasal Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.	0	2.78	3	0
Rhinitis, Allergic An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by ALLERGENS.	0	2.93	3	0
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	0	9.77	78	0
Lung Injury, Acute [description not available]	0	4.85	29	0
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	0	9.77	78	0
Acute Lung Injury A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).	0	4.85	29	0
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available]	0	5.91	24	1
Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.	0	5.91	24	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	0	14.62	181	4
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	0	14.62	181	4
Endometrioma An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst.	0	10.2	87	2
Peritoneal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM.	0	2.98	4	0
Endometriosis A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.	0	10.2	87	2
Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract [description not available]	0	14.03	40	1
Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye.	0	8.8	81	1
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	0	9.54	30	1
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	0	6.78	26	0
Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).	0	11.28	67	3
Lordosis The anterior concavity in the curvature of the lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side. The term usually refers to abnormally increased curvature (hollow back, saddle back, swayback). It does not include lordosis as normal mating posture in certain animals ( = POSTURE + SEX BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL).	0	2.31	1	0
Patency of the Ductus Arteriosus [description not available]	0	11.4	64	4
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.	0	11.4	64	4
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	9.15	66	0
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	0	9.15	66	0
Bronchiectasis Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.	0	2.91	3	0
Low Bone Density [description not available]	0	6.44	16	1
Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available]	0	5.81	21	1
Bone Diseases, Metabolic Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE TISSUE.	0	6.44	16	1
Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).	0	5.81	21	1
Cough A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.	0	10.15	23	4
Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available]	0	17.12	312	14
Anasarca [description not available]	0	13.66	432	4
Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.	0	17.12	312	14
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.	0	13.66	432	4
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available]	0	9.95	100	1
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	0	7.9	72	0
Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.	0	9.95	100	1
Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.	0	4.07	5	0
Body Weight, Fetal [description not available]	0	4.41	4	1
Double Nuchal Cord [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Oligohydramnios A condition of abnormally low AMNIOTIC FLUID volume. Principal causes include malformations of fetal URINARY TRACT; FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; nicotine poisoning; and PROLONGED PREGNANCY.	0	8.07	12	5
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available]	0	6.45	11	1
Acute Post-operative Pain [description not available]	0	12.44	33	22
Pain, Postoperative Pain during the period after surgery.	0	12.44	33	22
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	0	9.33	85	1
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	0	9.33	85	1
Abdominal Migraine [description not available]	0	8.16	22	1
Migraine Disorders A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)	0	8.16	22	1
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	0	6.91	42	0
Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available]	0	8.19	17	4
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	0	6.91	42	0
Cystitis Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.	0	5.19	18	0
Dental Plaque A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.	0	9.96	26	4
Parodontosis [description not available]	0	12.39	57	6
Pericementitis [description not available]	0	16.04	157	22
Tooth Resorption Resorption of calcified dental tissue, involving demineralization due to reversal of the cation exchange and lacunar resorption by osteoclasts. There are two types: external (as a result of tooth pathology) and internal (apparently initiated by a peculiar inflammatory hyperplasia of the pulp). (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p676)	0	2.31	1	0
Periodontal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.	0	12.39	57	6
Periodontitis Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)	0	16.04	157	22
Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available]	0	3.98	13	0
Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).	0	3.98	13	0
Mouth Ulcer [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Oral Ulcer A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis (STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842)	0	2.47	2	0
Endomyometritis Inflammation of both the ENDOMETRIUM and the MYOMETRIUM, usually caused by infections after a CESAREAN SECTION.	0	6.83	13	2
Equine Diseases [description not available]	0	8.47	51	8
Endometritis Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.	0	6.83	13	2
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.	0	2.41	1	0
Acute Ischemic Stroke [description not available]	0	3.92	3	0
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available]	0	9.13	67	0
Nervous System Disorders [description not available]	0	4.85	7	0
Ischemic Stroke Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin.	0	3.92	3	0
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	0	9.13	67	0
Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.	0	4.85	7	0
Infectious Diseases [description not available]	0	2.82	2	0
Dental Enamel Hypoplasia An acquired or hereditary condition due to deficiency in the formation of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS). It is usually characterized by defective, thin, or malformed DENTAL ENAMEL. Risk factors for enamel hypoplasia include gene mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and environmental factors.	0	2.41	1	0
Communicable Diseases An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host.	0	2.82	2	0
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	0	8.21	60	1
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	0	8.21	60	1
Itching [description not available]	0	7.84	16	5
Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.	0	7.84	16	5
Scoliosis An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.41	1	0
Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	0	10.2	57	2
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	0	16.98	207	18
Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	0	10.2	57	2
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	0	16.98	207	18
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available]	0	12.71	225	3
Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available]	0	16.17	291	9
Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.	0	16.17	291	9
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	0	8.3	155	0
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	0	8.16	28	4
Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	7.19	26	4
Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.	0	8.16	28	4
Abortion, Recurrent [description not available]	0	3.34	6	0
Abortion, Habitual Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.	0	3.34	6	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	0	14.26	243	4
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	0	14.26	243	4
Lung Adenocarcinoma [description not available]	0	3.66	8	0
Adenocarcinoma of Lung A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer.	0	3.66	8	0
Osteomyelitis INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.	0	2.94	4	0
Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed [description not available]	0	2.97	4	0
Medulloblastoma A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)	0	2.97	4	0
Binge Alcohol Consumption [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Alcoholic Liver Diseases [description not available]	0	4.3	7	0
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS.	0	4.3	7	0
Colitis, Mucous [description not available]	0	5.9	12	0
Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.	0	10.86	79	4
Irritable Bowel Syndrome A disorder with chronic or recurrent colonic symptoms without a clearcut etiology. This condition is characterized by chronic or recurrent ABDOMINAL PAIN, bloating, MUCUS in FECES, and an erratic disturbance of DEFECATION.	0	5.9	12	0
Ulcer A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.	0	4.34	20	0
Metastase [description not available]	0	12.42	94	2
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available]	0	8.45	73	1
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	0	12.42	94	2
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).	0	8.45	73	1
Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.	0	9.23	68	1
B16 Melanoma [description not available]	0	7.08	31	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	0	8.28	40	3
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	0	8.28	40	3
Anxiety Neuroses [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	0	6.06	10	1
Anxiety Disorders Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.	0	2.41	1	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	0	6.88	23	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	0	6.88	23	0
Bovine Diseases [description not available]	0	6.75	22	3
Bovine Leukemia [description not available]	0	2.69	2	0
Koch's Disease [description not available]	0	6.78	21	1
Tuberculosis Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.	0	6.78	21	1
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	0	17.34	207	16
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	0	17.34	207	16
Chronic Liver Failure [description not available]	0	3.8	1	1
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	0	10.24	63	6
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	0	10.24	63	6
End Stage Liver Disease Final stage of a liver disease when the liver failure is irreversible and LIVER TRANSPLANTATION is needed.	0	3.8	1	1
Aspergillus Infection [description not available]	0	2.72	2	0
Aspergillosis Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.	0	2.72	2	0
Cyst [description not available]	0	3.29	6	0
Osteoarthritis of Knee [description not available]	0	10.38	81	8
Osteoarthritis, Knee Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)	0	10.38	81	8
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	0	9.29	101	1
Gastritis Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.	0	10.65	85	6
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	0	9.29	101	1
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available]	0	8.56	42	4
Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.	0	8.56	42	4
Bilharziasis [description not available]	0	3.65	3	0
Schistosomiasis Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. Three species produce the most frequent clinical diseases: SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM (endemic in Africa and the Middle East), SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (in Egypt, northern and southern Africa, some West Indies islands, northern 2/3 of South America), and SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (in Japan, China, the Philippines, Celebes, Thailand, Laos). S. mansoni is often seen in Puerto Ricans living in the United States.	0	3.65	3	0
Anoxemia [description not available]	0	11.37	110	2
Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.	0	11.37	110	2
Pyrexia [description not available]	0	15.36	322	7
Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.	0	15.36	322	7
Genetic Predisposition [description not available]	0	8.07	28	2
Pulmonary Consumption [description not available]	0	4.17	16	0
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.	0	4.17	16	0
Schistosoma japonicum Infection [description not available]	0	2.76	2	0
Giardia duodenalis Infection [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Giardiasis An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact.	0	2.41	1	0
Cytomegalovirus A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.	0	3.96	13	0
Inferior Dislocation [description not available]	0	3.27	6	0
Temporomandibular Disorders [description not available]	0	8.59	19	2
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)	0	8.59	19	2
Skin Aging The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight.	0	3.72	9	0
Sterility, Female [description not available]	0	8.57	35	1
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [description not available]	0	6.92	11	1
Infertility, Female Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.	0	8.57	35	1
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading.	0	6.92	11	1
Alcoholic Fatty Liver [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	0	8.64	64	0
Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.	0	5.21	49	0
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	0	8.64	64	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	0	13.85	221	7
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available]	0	5.2	9	1
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.	0	5.2	9	1
HbS Disease [description not available]	0	3.89	12	0
Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S.	0	3.89	12	0
Symptom Cluster [description not available]	0	10.64	39	4
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available]	0	7.44	28	0
Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex.	0	15.64	39	4
Preterm Birth [description not available]	0	7.11	29	1
Labor, Premature [description not available]	0	10.65	76	2
Premature Birth CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).	0	7.11	29	1
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	0	14.83	295	5
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	0	14.83	295	5
Diabetic Angiopathies VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS.	0	4.78	7	0
Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	0	9.05	87	1
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	0	10.9	115	2
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	0	9.05	87	1
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	0	10.9	115	2
Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome, Hereditary [description not available]	0	2.69	2	0
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	0	7.5	47	0
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	0	7.6	75	0
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	0	7.5	47	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	0	7.6	75	0
Abdominal Cryptorchidism [description not available]	0	2.81	3	0
Aneurysm, Anterior Cerebral Artery [description not available]	0	4.45	8	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	0	15.93	291	32
Intracranial Aneurysm Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (	0	4.45	8	0
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	0	15.93	291	32
Autoimmune Disease [description not available]	0	7.13	28	0
Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.	0	7.13	28	0
Impotence [description not available]	0	4.43	8	0
Erectile Dysfunction The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.	0	4.43	8	0
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	0	8.06	51	0
Pelvic Pain Pain in the pelvic region of genital and non-genital origin.	0	7.61	17	1
Lymph Node Metastasis [description not available]	0	5.88	23	1
Cancer of Rectum [description not available]	0	6.88	14	2
Rectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.	0	6.88	14	2
Acropachy, Hereditary [description not available]	0	7.6	21	1
Disc, Herniated [description not available]	0	7.8	22	2
Intervertebral Disc Displacement An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS has protruded through surrounding ANNULUS FIBROSUS. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region.	0	7.8	22	2
Atherogenesis [description not available]	0	9.47	55	1
Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available]	0	7.44	28	1
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.	0	7.44	28	1
Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.	0	9.47	55	1
Kidney Stones [description not available]	0	6.95	15	2
Kidney Calculi Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.	0	6.95	15	2
Bladder, Overactive [description not available]	0	7.16	31	0
Bladder Neck Obstruction [description not available]	0	3.56	8	0
Urinary Bladder, Overactive Symptom of overactive detrusor muscle of the URINARY BLADDER that contracts with abnormally high frequency and urgency. Overactive bladder is characterized by the frequent feeling of needing to urinate during the day, during the night, or both. URINARY INCONTINENCE may or may not be present.	0	7.16	31	0
Complication, Postoperative [description not available]	0	12.8	53	10
Segond Fracture [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	0	12.8	53	10
Tibial Fractures Fractures of the TIBIA.	0	2.44	2	0
Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.	0	5.66	12	0
Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.	0	5.66	12	0
Acute Pain Intensely discomforting, distressful, or agonizing sensation associated with trauma or disease, with well-defined location, character, and timing.	0	4.97	7	1
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	0	3.29	6	0
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	0	12.57	48	4
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	0	3.29	6	0
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	12.57	48	4
Adult Periodontitis [description not available]	0	6.72	11	2
Delirium of Mixed Origin [description not available]	0	3.33	1	0
Delirium A disorder characterized by CONFUSION; inattentiveness; disorientation; ILLUSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS; agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2)	0	3.33	1	0
Autism Spectrum Disorder Wide continuum of associated cognitive and neurobehavioral disorders, including, but not limited to, three core-defining features: impairments in socialization, impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. (from DSM-V)	0	4.98	5	0
Vascular Injuries [description not available]	0	2.66	2	0
Neointima The new and thickened layer of scar tissue that forms on a PROSTHESIS, or as a result of vessel injury especially following ANGIOPLASTY or stent placement.	0	3.05	4	0
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	0	4.91	36	0
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available]	0	5.59	27	0
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.	0	5.59	27	0
Endometrial Diseases [description not available]	0	7.86	15	2
Uterine Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.	0	7.86	15	2
Adenomyosis The extension of endometrial tissue (ENDOMETRIUM) into the MYOMETRIUM. It usually occurs in women in their reproductive years and may result in a diffusely enlarged uterus with ectopic and benign endometrial glands and stroma.	0	3.8	3	0
Neuralgia, Sciatic [description not available]	0	4.01	5	0
Sciatica A condition characterized by pain radiating from the back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg. Sciatica may be a manifestation of SCIATIC NEUROPATHY; RADICULOPATHY (involving the SPINAL NERVE ROOTS; L4, L5, S1, or S2, often associated with INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT); or lesions of the CAUDA EQUINA.	0	4.01	5	0
Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available]	0	4	4	0
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)	0	4	4	0
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	8.76	28	2
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	0	8.76	28	2
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	0	8.05	58	0
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	0	8.05	58	0
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension A progressive rare pulmonary disease characterized by high blood pressure in the PULMONARY ARTERY.	0	2.41	1	0
Chickungunya Fever [description not available]	0	2.82	2	0
Mucositis, Oral [description not available]	0	6.92	10	3
Stomatitis INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.	0	6.92	10	3
Infections, Helicobacter [description not available]	0	10.6	65	6
Helicobacter Infections Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.	0	10.6	65	6
Gingivitis Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue.	0	11.97	61	10
Bladder Pain Syndrome [description not available]	0	4.62	9	0
Cystitis, Interstitial A condition with recurring discomfort or pain in the URINARY BLADDER and the surrounding pelvic region without an identifiable disease. Severity of pain in interstitial cystitis varies greatly and often is accompanied by increased urination frequency and urgency.	0	4.62	9	0
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.	0	8.99	51	1
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.	0	8.99	51	1
Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA.	0	5.61	17	0
Cachexia General ill health, malnutrition, and weight loss, usually associated with chronic disease.	0	5.49	25	0
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	0	5.8	21	1
Colitis Gravis [description not available]	0	11.86	90	6
Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.	0	11.86	90	6
Grippe [description not available]	0	4.72	10	0
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae [description not available]	0	5.23	11	1
Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.	0	4.72	10	0
Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.	0	5.23	11	1
Chemo-Fog [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Astrocytosis [description not available]	0	4.49	22	0
Pain, Chronic [description not available]	0	8.57	29	1
Chronic Pain Aching sensation that persists for more than a few months. It may or may not be associated with trauma or disease, and may persist after the initial injury has healed. Its localization, character, and timing are more vague than with acute pain.	0	8.57	29	1
Chronic Pancreatitis [description not available]	0	4.03	11	0
Pancreatitis, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS that is characterized by recurring or persistent ABDOMINAL PAIN with or without STEATORRHEA or DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the irregular destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma which may be focal, segmental, or diffuse.	0	4.03	11	0
Cancer of Oropharnyx [description not available]	0	3.95	10	0
Oropharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.	0	3.95	10	0
Cancer of the Vulva [description not available]	0	4.21	9	0
Vulvar Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.	0	4.21	9	0
Hypothermia, Accidental [description not available]	0	6.28	24	0
Hypothermia Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals.	0	6.28	24	0
Degenerative Disc Disease [description not available]	0	5.31	18	0
Cervical Spondylosis [description not available]	0	3.33	4	0
Spondylosis A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any part of the VERTEBRA, the INTERVERTEBRAL DISK, and the surrounding soft tissue.	0	3.33	4	0
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Degenerative changes in the INTERVERTEBRAL DISC due to aging or structural damage, especially to the vertebral end-plates.	0	5.31	18	0
HIV Coinfection [description not available]	0	5.86	36	0
HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	0	5.86	36	0
Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.	0	5.1	15	0
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	0	8.33	39	2
Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.	0	5.1	15	0
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	0	8.33	39	2
Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid [description not available]	0	4.98	15	0
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.	0	4.98	15	0
Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available]	0	5.64	17	1
Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.	0	5.64	17	1
Acne [description not available]	0	3.44	7	0
Acne Vulgaris A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors.	0	3.44	7	0
Malnourishment [description not available]	0	3.71	3	0
Black Fever [description not available]	0	5.72	19	0
Leishmaniasis, Visceral A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African.	0	5.72	19	0
Malnutrition An imbalanced nutritional status resulting from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.	0	3.71	3	0
Compression Fractures [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Hangman Fracture [description not available]	0	2.48	2	0
Spinal Fractures Broken bones in the vertebral column.	0	2.48	2	0
Osteoporotic Fractures Breaks in bones resulting from low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration characteristic of OSTEOPOROSIS.	0	2.6	1	0
Nephrosclerosis Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ISCHEMIA.	0	2.71	3	0
Brain Inflammation [description not available]	0	7.19	61	0
Absence Status [description not available]	0	5.06	9	0
Encephalitis Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.	0	7.19	61	0
Status Epilepticus A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30)	0	5.06	9	0
Cardiac Complex, Premature [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Ventricular Fibrillation A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.	0	3.12	5	0
Chronic Illness [description not available]	0	14.16	182	13
Nasal Catarrh [description not available]	0	8.22	13	1
Sinus Infections [description not available]	0	7.85	11	1
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	0	14.16	182	13
Nasal Polyps Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.	0	7.85	26	1
Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.	0	8.22	13	1
Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.	0	7.85	11	1
Hemorrhage, Uterine [description not available]	0	8.45	19	5
Uterine Hemorrhage Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.	0	8.45	19	5
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer [description not available]	0	4.34	6	0
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.	0	4.34	6	0
Gait Disorders, Animal [description not available]	0	5.85	8	3
Nail Abnormalities [description not available]	0	2.53	2	0
Drug Overdose Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.	0	2.54	2	0
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.	0	6.03	17	0
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	0	11.01	78	5
Alopecia Cicatrisata [description not available]	0	5.2	6	2
Alopecia Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.	0	5.2	6	2
Silicosis A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation of dust containing crystalline form of SILICON DIOXIDE, usually in the form of quartz. Amorphous silica is relatively nontoxic.	0	2.93	4	0
Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis [description not available]	0	10.04	51	7
Pre-Eclampsia A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.	0	10.04	51	7
Neonatal Death The death of a live-born INFANT less than 28 days of age.	0	3.52	1	0
Acute Radiation Syndrome A condition caused by a brief whole body exposure to more than one sievert dose equivalent of radiation. Acute radiation syndrome is initially characterized by ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; VOMITING; but can progress to hematological, gastrointestinal, neurological, pulmonary, and other major organ dysfunction.	0	3.88	3	0
Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.	0	4.7	6	1
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic [description not available]	0	8.54	31	1
Airway Remodeling The structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues.	0	3.98	4	0
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.	0	8.54	31	1
Cholera Infantum [description not available]	0	7.92	18	2
Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.	0	6.56	26	0
Aspirin Induced Asthma [description not available]	0	7.92	16	2
Ankylosing Spondylarthritis [description not available]	0	4.7	6	1
Spondylitis, Ankylosing A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.	0	4.7	6	1
Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available]	0	4.29	19	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the environment, or an idiosyncratic response.	0	2.6	1	0
Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).	0	4.29	19	0
Acute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder [description not available]	0	3.6	2	0
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month.	0	3.6	2	0
Cytokine Release Syndrome A severe immune reaction characterized by excessive release of CYTOKINES. Symptoms include DYSPNEA; FEVER; HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION; NAUSEA; RASH; TACHYCARDIA; HYPOXIA; HYPERFERRITINEMIA, and MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE. It is associated with viral infections, SEPSIS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES and a variety of factors used in IMMUNOTHERAPY.	0	3.52	1	0
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.54	11	0
Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.	0	5.54	11	0
Alcoholic Hepatitis [description not available]	0	3.61	3	0
Hepatitis, Alcoholic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. It is characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES, infiltration by NEUTROPHILS, and deposit of MALLORY BODIES. Depending on its severity, the inflammatory lesion may be reversible or progress to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.	0	3.61	3	0
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	0	6.67	23	0
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	0	6.67	23	0
Esophagitis, Reflux [description not available]	0	5.42	14	1
Esophagitis, Peptic INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and DUODENUM.	0	5.42	14	1
ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available]	0	7.62	20	1
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)	0	7.62	20	1
Lymphangiomyomatosis [description not available]	0	2.5	2	0
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis A disease characterized by the progressive invasion of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS into the LYMPHATIC VESSELS, and the BLOOD VESSELS. The majority of the cases occur in the LUNGS of women of child-bearing age, eventually blocking the flow of air, blood, and lymph. The common symptom is shortness of breath (DYSPNEA).	0	2.5	2	0
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	0	7.04	42	0
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	0	7.04	42	0
Rodent Diseases Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).	0	2.6	1	0
Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.	0	9.64	160	0
Chronic Lung Injury [description not available]	0	6.4	14	1
Cancer of Esophagus [description not available]	0	11.54	66	5
Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.	0	11.54	66	5
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis [description not available]	0	6.44	14	1
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.	0	6.44	14	1
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	0	11.88	158	1
Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.	0	4.95	14	0
ADPKD [description not available]	0	5.03	9	1
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with progressive deterioration of renal function.	0	5.03	9	1
Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.	0	4.95	14	0
Necrotizing Enterocolitis [description not available]	0	3.42	6	0
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ENTEROCOLITIS with extensive ulceration (ULCER) and NECROSIS. It is observed primarily in LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT.	0	3.42	6	0
Hypomelanosis [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Vitiligo A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached.	0	11.41	8	2
Hypopigmentation A condition caused by a deficiency or a loss of melanin pigmentation in the epidermis, also known as hypomelanosis. Hypopigmentation can be localized or generalized, and may result from genetic defects, trauma, inflammation, or infections.	0	2.6	1	0
Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.	0	10.63	82	1
Delayed Postpartum Hemorrhage [description not available]	0	15.7	80	27
Circulatory Collapse [description not available]	0	5.4	5	1
Postpartum Hemorrhage Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined as blood loss greater than 500 ml or of the amount that adversely affects the maternal physiology, such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEMATOCRIT. Postpartum hemorrhage is divided into two categories, immediate (within first 24 hours after birth) or delayed (after 24 hours postpartum).	0	20.7	80	27
Shock A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.	0	5.4	5	1
Anemia, Hypoplastic [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Anemia, Aplastic A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.	0	2.42	2	0
Infant Death The death of a live-born INFANT within its first year of life.	0	3.52	1	0
Uterine Rupture A complete separation or tear in the wall of the UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring, or obstruction.	0	13.23	57	5
Allergic Reaction [description not available]	0	12.82	61	5
Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.	0	12.82	61	5
Bacterial Disease [description not available]	0	10.56	43	2
Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	0	10.56	43	2
Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available]	0	10.63	42	6
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.	0	10.63	42	6
Carditis [description not available]	0	4.66	10	0
Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.	0	4.66	10	0
Leishmaniasis, American [description not available]	0	3.64	9	0
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.	0	3.64	9	0
Dermatoses [description not available]	0	4.99	15	0
Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.	0	4.99	15	0
Adnexitis Inflammation of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including infection of the FALLOPIAN TUBES (SALPINGITIS), the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), or the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS).	0	2.9	4	0
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus (ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.	0	2.9	4	0
Mucositis An INFLAMMATION of the MUCOSA with burning or tingling sensation. It is characterized by atrophy of the squamous EPITHELIUM, vascular damage, inflammatory infiltration, and ulceration. It usually occurs at the mucous lining of the MOUTH, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the airway due to chemical irritations, CHEMOTHERAPY, or radiation therapy (RADIOTHERAPY).	0	3.84	3	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	0	8.91	77	1
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available]	0	9.91	129	1
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	0	8.91	77	1
Periimplantitis [description not available]	0	3.48	2	0
Peri-Implantitis An inflammatory process with loss of supporting bone in the tissues surrounding functioning DENTAL IMPLANTS.	0	3.48	2	0
Tendinitis Inflammation of TENDONS. It is characterized by the degeneration of tendons accompanied by an inflammatory repair response, fibroblastic proliferation, and formation of granulation tissue. Tendinitis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings.	0	10.49	22	5
Tendinopathy Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance.	0	10.49	22	5
Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic [description not available]	0	4.16	15	0
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.	0	4.16	15	0
Electron Transport Chain Deficiencies, Mitochondrial [description not available]	0	2.82	2	0
Lung Injury, Ventilator-Induced [description not available]	0	2.52	2	0
Mitochondrial Diseases Diseases caused by abnormal function of the MITOCHONDRIA. They may be caused by mutations, acquired or inherited, in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial components. They may also be the result of acquired mitochondria dysfunction due to adverse effects of drugs, infections, or other environmental causes.	0	2.82	2	0
Carcinoma, Colloid [description not available]	0	4.22	6	0
Carcinoma, Papillary A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.33	6	0
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous An adenocarcinoma producing mucin in significant amounts. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.22	6	0
Pancreatic Cyst A true cyst of the PANCREAS, distinguished from the much more common PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST by possessing a lining of mucous EPITHELIUM. Pancreatic cysts are categorized as congenital, retention, neoplastic, parasitic, enterogenous, or dermoid. Congenital cysts occur more frequently as solitary cysts but may be multiple. Retention cysts are gross enlargements of PANCREATIC DUCTS secondary to ductal obstruction. (From Bockus Gastroenterology, 4th ed, p4145)	0	2.81	3	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	0	11.84	82	5
Low Back Ache [description not available]	0	6.65	6	2
Low Back Pain Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other conditions.	0	6.65	6	2
Granulomas [description not available]	0	5	40	0
Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.	0	5	40	0
Abdominal Obesity [description not available]	0	3.59	1	1
Gestational Hypertension [description not available]	0	8.51	2	0
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic (	0	3.51	2	0
Peripheral Arterial Diseases [description not available]	0	2.53	2	0
Peripheral Arterial Disease Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less.	0	2.53	2	0
Bladder Disorder, Neurogenic [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Hydronephrosis Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER.	0	5.64	30	0
Cleft Spine [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Atrophy Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.	0	3.14	5	0
Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES.	0	2.41	2	0
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	0	5.4	22	0
Bile Duct Cancer [description not available]	0	5.09	16	0
Bile Duct Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.	0	5.09	16	0
Cholangiocarcinoma A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.	0	5.4	22	0
Allergy, Drug [description not available]	0	8.19	19	2
Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	0	8.19	19	2
Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available]	0	13.09	148	2
Coarctation of Aorta [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Infant, Newborn, Diseases Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.	0	4.76	7	1
Aortic Coarctation A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation. Aortic coarctation causes arterial HYPERTENSION before the point of narrowing and arterial HYPOTENSION beyond the narrowed portion.	0	2.21	1	0
Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available]	0	6.55	30	0
Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.	0	6.55	30	0
Choroid Neovascularization [description not available]	0	3.47	7	0
Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus [description not available]	0	5.7	11	0
Metabolic Acidosis [description not available]	0	4.3	19	0
Milk-Alkali Syndrome [description not available]	0	7.03	36	0
Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.	0	4.3	19	0
Hypercalcemia Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.	0	7.03	36	0
Eczema, Atopic [description not available]	0	10.3	49	5
Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available]	0	5.07	6	0
Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.	0	10.3	49	5
Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed).	0	5.07	6	0
Post-operative Vasoplegic Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Dementia Praecox [description not available]	0	4.42	8	0
Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.	0	4.42	8	0
Acute Hepatic Failure [description not available]	0	3.22	5	0
Liver Failure, Acute A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.	0	3.22	5	0
Bleeding [description not available]	0	8.15	33	2
Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.	0	8.15	33	2
Abortion, Tubal [description not available]	0	7.62	24	1
Abortion, Spontaneous Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.	0	7.62	24	1
Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes [description not available]	0	18.92	136	82
Group A Strep Infection [description not available]	0	6.85	14	1
Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture Spontaneous tearing of the membranes surrounding the FETUS any time before the onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR. Preterm PROM is membrane rupture before 37 weeks of GESTATION.	0	18.92	136	82
Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.	0	6.85	14	1
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia [description not available]	0	4.66	6	1
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.	0	4.66	6	1
Cicatrization The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries.	0	8.71	19	4
Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.	0	8.71	19	4
Maternal Death The death of the female parent.	0	2.58	2	0
Sepsis Associated Delirium [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Epiretinal Membrane A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or detaching the FOVEA CENTRALIS. Epiretinal membranes may cause vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in association with RETINAL HOLES, ocular concussions, retinal inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291)	0	6.54	5	1
Macular Holes [description not available]	0	6.54	5	1
Retinal Perforations Perforations through the whole thickness of the retina including the macula as the result of inflammation, trauma, degeneration, etc. The concept includes retinal breaks, tears, dialyses, and holes.	0	6.54	5	1
Cognitive Decline [description not available]	0	4.59	8	0
Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.	0	4.59	8	0
Pain, Procedural Pain associated with examination, treatment or procedures.	0	4.6	2	2
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available]	0	7.99	43	0
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.	0	7.99	43	0
Enterovirus Infections Diseases caused by ENTEROVIRUS.	0	2.52	2	0
Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available]	0	8.62	69	0
Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.	0	8.62	69	0
Blastomyces brasiliensis Infection [description not available]	0	3.34	6	0
Bone Cancer [description not available]	0	7.86	53	0
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.	0	7.86	53	0
Sore Throat [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Pharyngitis Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).	0	2.25	1	0
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available]	0	4.19	16	0
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.	0	4.19	16	0
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	0	9.77	144	4
Cancer of Larynx [description not available]	0	4.41	8	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	9.77	144	4
Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.	0	4.41	8	0
Clostridioides difficile Infection [description not available]	0	2.55	2	0
Clostridium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species.	0	2.55	2	0
Hypertrophy General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).	0	4.26	18	0
Spinal Stenosis Narrowing of the spinal canal.	0	2.86	3	0
Incontinentia Pigmenti Achromians [description not available]	0	3.17	1	0
Pleurisy INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.	0	5.48	64	0
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available]	0	5.08	16	0
Hyperthermia An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of inability to regulate core body temperature due to non-pathologic factors.	0	2.25	1	0
Anemia, Cooley's [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
beta-Thalassemia A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major, Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia), which can result in severe complications and even death, hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.	0	2.25	1	0
Cardiac Rupture, Traumatic [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.	0	3.94	12	0
Rheumatism [description not available]	0	6	10	1
Rheumatic Diseases Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement.	0	6	10	1
Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available]	0	5.57	11	0
Bacteremia The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.	0	3.28	6	0
Cancer of Pituitary [description not available]	0	3.11	5	0
Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.	0	3.11	5	0
Heatstroke [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Heat Stroke A condition caused by the failure of body to dissipate heat in an excessively hot environment or during PHYSICAL EXERTION in a hot environment. Contrast to HEAT EXHAUSTION, the body temperature in heat stroke patient is dangerously high with red, hot skin accompanied by DELUSIONS; CONVULSIONS; or COMA. It can be a life-threatening emergency and is most common in infants and the elderly.	0	2.47	2	0
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance.	0	2.86	3	0
Neuroretinitis [description not available]	0	2.93	4	0
Retinitis Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).	0	2.93	4	0
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available]	0	5.68	31	0
Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.	0	5.68	31	0
EBV Infections [description not available]	0	2.63	2	0
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).	0	2.63	2	0
Bronchospasm [description not available]	0	3.59	9	0
Bronchial Spasm Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.	0	3.59	9	0
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Atrial Remodeling Long-term changes in the electrophysiological parameters and/or anatomical structures of the HEART ATRIA that result from prolonged changes in atrial rate, often associated with ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or long periods of intense EXERCISE.	0	2.25	1	0
Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available]	0	6.24	34	0
Allergy, Food [description not available]	0	5.09	10	1
Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.	0	6.24	34	0
Food Hypersensitivity Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.	0	5.09	10	1
Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin.	0	5.99	26	1
Polyuria Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).	0	8	28	2
Leukemia, Lymphoblastic, Acute, T Cell [description not available]	0	2.86	3	0
Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.	0	2.86	3	0
Fetal Growth Restriction [description not available]	0	7.24	20	2
Fetal Growth Retardation Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.	0	7.24	20	2
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	0	10.3	197	1
Cancer of Cervix [description not available]	0	6.98	27	3
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	0	10.3	197	1
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.	0	6.98	27	3
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	0	14.16	176	10
Fibroid [description not available]	0	6.5	9	2
Cancer of the Uterus [description not available]	0	7.2	20	2
Leiomyoma A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.	0	6.5	9	2
Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.	0	7.2	20	2
Genital Tract Infections [description not available]	0	2.63	2	0
Infections, Chlamydia [description not available]	0	3.42	7	0
Chlamydia Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.	0	3.42	7	0
HPV Infection [description not available]	0	3.18	5	0
Papillomavirus Infections Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.	0	3.18	5	0
Atheroma [description not available]	0	3.49	7	0
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available]	0	5.21	11	1
Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.	0	5.21	11	1
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.	0	3.52	8	0
Sarcoma 180 An experimental sarcoma of mice.	0	2.93	4	0
Dry Eye [description not available]	0	4.4	7	0
Dry Eye Syndromes Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.	0	4.4	7	0
Female Genital Neoplasms [description not available]	0	4.83	5	0
Genital Neoplasms, Female Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	4.83	5	0
Joint Pain [description not available]	0	7.49	13	4
Arthralgia Pain in the joint.	0	7.49	13	4
Amnionitis [description not available]	0	15.9	59	40
Chorioamnionitis INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION; AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine ascending infections during PREGNANCY.	0	15.9	59	40
Periodontitis, Acute Nonsuppurative [description not available]	0	3.72	10	0
Periapical Periodontitis Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.	0	3.72	10	0
Coagulation Disorders, Blood [description not available]	0	5.24	4	1
Injuries, Multiple [description not available]	0	4.63	6	1
Blood Coagulation Disorders Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.	0	5.24	4	1
Glomerulonephritis, Lupus [description not available]	0	4.66	6	1
Lupus Nephritis Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).	0	4.66	6	1
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	0	7.81	37	2
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	0	7.81	37	2
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [description not available]	0	3.06	4	0
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1, RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.	0	3.06	4	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	0	11.73	218	7
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	0	8.15	15	1
Injuries, Radiation [description not available]	0	6.81	14	1
Colon Cancer, Familial Nonpolyposis [description not available]	0	4.81	2	1
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II which includes extracolonic cancer.	0	4.81	2	1
Bright Disease A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright.	0	8.44	45	2
Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	0	8.44	45	2
Neurogenic Inflammation Inflammation caused by an injurious stimulus of peripheral neurons and resulting in release of neuropeptides which affect vascular permeability and help initiate proinflammatory and immune reactions at the site of injury.	0	4.97	14	0
Adenitis, Salivary Gland [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Infections, Vibrio [description not available]	0	2.59	2	0
Infant, Small for Gestational Age An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age.	0	3.79	3	0
Alveolar Bone Atrophy [description not available]	0	10.82	51	5
Overweight A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat.	0	5.49	5	1
Coronary Artery Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Coronary Restenosis Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a prior obstruction.	0	2.52	2	0
Coronary Stenosis Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.	0	2.31	1	0
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm [description not available]	0	4.97	14	0
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.	0	4.97	14	0
Post Exercise Hypotension [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Central Nervous System Disease [description not available]	0	4.18	6	0
Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.	0	4.18	6	0
Gout Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.	0	5.91	9	1
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available]	0	5.28	7	0
Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.	0	5.28	7	0
Autoimmune Urticaria [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Glenoid Labral Tears [description not available]	0	2.75	3	0
Rotator Cuff Injuries Injuries to the ROTATOR CUFF of the shoulder joint.	0	2.75	3	0
Envenomation, Scorpion [description not available]	0	2.84	3	0
ACL Injuries [description not available]	0	3	4	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available]	0	11.57	68	3
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	0	11.57	68	3
Morbid Obesity [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Weight Reduction [description not available]	0	5.41	14	1
Umbilical Cyst [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Obesity, Morbid The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2.	0	2.49	2	0
Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.	0	5.41	14	1
Bacterial Vaginitides [description not available]	0	3.83	4	0
Vaginosis, Bacterial Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.	0	3.83	4	0
Disbacteriosis [description not available]	0	2.86	3	0
Esophageal Reflux [description not available]	0	8.42	24	0
Pyrosis [description not available]	0	4.1	3	1
Gastroesophageal Reflux Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER.	0	8.42	24	0
Heartburn Substernal pain or burning sensation, usually associated with regurgitation of gastric juice into the esophagus.	0	4.1	3	1
Arthropathies [description not available]	0	6.01	10	1
Joint Diseases Diseases involving the JOINTS.	0	6.01	10	1
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Idiopathic recurrent VERTIGO associated with POSITIONAL NYSTAGMUS. It is associated with a vestibular loss without other neurological or auditory signs. Unlike in LABYRINTHITIS and VESTIBULAR NEURONITIS, inflammation in the ear is not observed.	0	2.25	1	0
Sarcopenia Progressive decline in muscle mass due to aging which results in decreased functional capacity of muscles.	0	2.31	1	0
Bilateral Headache [description not available]	0	10.13	11	6
Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.	0	10.13	11	6
Ear Infection [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Nociceptive Pain Dull or sharp aching pain caused by stimulated NOCICEPTORS due to tissue injury, inflammation or diseases. It can be divided into somatic or tissue pain and VISCERAL PAIN.	0	3.4	6	0
47,XX,+21 [description not available]	0	3.11	5	0
Down Syndrome A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)	0	3.11	5	0
Aganglionic Megacolon [description not available]	0	2.66	2	0
Hirschsprung Disease Congenital MEGACOLON resulting from the absence of ganglion cells (aganglionosis) in a distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE. The aganglionic segment is permanently contracted thus causing dilatation proximal to it. In most cases, the aganglionic segment is within the RECTUM and SIGMOID COLON.	0	2.66	2	0
Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available]	0	3.77	10	0
Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.	0	3.77	10	0
Varices [description not available]	0	4.35	4	1
Varicose Veins Enlarged and tortuous VEINS.	0	4.35	4	1
Brittle Bone Disease [description not available]	0	2.51	2	0
Osteogenesis Imperfecta COLLAGEN DISEASES characterized by brittle, osteoporotic, and easily fractured bones. It may also present with blue sclerae, loose joints, and imperfect dentin formation. Most types are autosomal dominant and are associated with mutations in COLLAGEN TYPE I.	0	2.51	2	0
Diathesis [description not available]	0	6.7	39	0
Gastroenteritis INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.	0	4.33	7	0
Pregnancy, Prolonged A term used to describe pregnancies that exceed the upper limit of a normal gestational period. In humans, a prolonged pregnancy is defined as one that extends beyond 42 weeks (294 days) after the first day of the last menstrual period (MENSTRUATION), or birth with gestational age of 41 weeks or more.	0	14.08	60	33
Polyarthritis [description not available]	0	12.35	107	5
Arthritis Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.	0	12.35	107	5
MODS [description not available]	0	5.71	12	0
Multiple Organ Failure A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.	0	5.71	12	0
Bites [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Plica Syndrome [description not available]	0	7.24	37	3
Synovitis Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.	0	7.24	37	3
Catarrh Inflammation of a mucous membrane with increased flow of mucous in humans or animals. Catarrh is used mostly in a historical context.	0	2.31	1	0
Common Cold A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.	0	2.31	1	0
Left Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available]	0	3.87	4	0
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.	0	3.87	4	0
Complications, Labor [description not available]	0	16.61	75	40
Generalized Vulvodynia [description not available]	0	4.9	4	0
Trichomoniasis, Human [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Trichomonas Vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS.	0	2.31	1	0
Recrudescence [description not available]	0	9.01	42	4
Hypomenorrhea [description not available]	0	4.51	5	0
Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Thrombotic Microangiopathies Diseases that result in THROMBOSIS in MICROVASCULATURE. The two most prominent diseases are PURPURA, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC; and HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME. Multiple etiological factors include VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELL damage due to SHIGA TOXIN; FACTOR H deficiency; and aberrant VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR formation.	0	2.31	1	0
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome An hereditary hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with variations in the gene that encodes COMPLEMENT FACTOR H, or the related proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3. Disease often progresses to CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE without the prodromal symptoms of ENTEROCOLITIS and DIARRHEA that characterize typical hemolytic uremic syndrome.	0	2.31	1	0
Blood Loss, Surgical Loss of blood during a surgical procedure.	0	4.9	4	2
Bacteroidaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family BACTEROIDACEAE.	0	3.96	13	0
Colitis-Associated Cancer [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	0	4.04	14	0
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	0	4.04	14	0
Infections, Salmonella [description not available]	0	2.74	3	0
Chronic Hepatitis B [description not available]	0	4.98	8	1
Hepatitis B, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.	0	4.98	8	1
Leishmania Infection [description not available]	0	5.18	11	0
Leishmaniasis A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).	0	5.18	11	0
Atrophy, Muscle [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Muscular Atrophy Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.	0	2.31	1	0
Graft-Versus-Host Disease [description not available]	0	6.33	14	0
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	0	8.69	22	2
Graft vs Host Disease The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.	0	6.33	14	0
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	0	8.69	22	2
Malignant Mesothelioma [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Keratoconus A noninflammatory, usually bilateral protrusion of the cornea, the apex being displaced downward and nasally. It occurs most commonly in females at about puberty. The cause is unknown but hereditary factors may play a role. The -conus refers to the cone shape of the corneal protrusion. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.92	4	0
Break-Bone Fever [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Dengue An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.	0	2.45	2	0
Acute Autoimmune Neuropathy [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Guillain-Barre Syndrome An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1312-1314)	0	2.46	2	0
Emesis [description not available]	0	6.74	17	4
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.	0	6.74	17	4
Glaucoma, Angle Closure [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Glaucoma, Angle-Closure A form of glaucoma in which the intraocular pressure increases because the angle of the anterior chamber is blocked and the aqueous humor cannot drain from the anterior chamber.	0	2.45	2	0
Cancer of Mouth [description not available]	0	6.61	27	2
Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.	0	6.61	27	2
Tick Bites The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the bites of TICKS.	0	2.15	1	0
Uveitis Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	6.1	47	0
Endotoxemia A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.	0	4.6	25	0
Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity.	0	6.7	21	3
Root Resorption Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.78	7	0
Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.96	4	0
Cardiovirus Infections Infections caused by viruses of the genus CARDIOVIRUS, family PICORNAVIRIDAE.	0	2.97	4	0
Demyelinating Diseases Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system.	0	2.96	4	0
Brain Disorders [description not available]	0	4.25	6	0
Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.	0	4.25	6	0
Surgical Incision [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Carcinoma, Oat Cell [description not available]	0	5.8	8	1
Carcinoma, Small Cell An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. It is characterized by a dominant, deeply basophilic nucleus, and absent or indistinct nucleoli. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1286-7)	0	5.8	8	1
Stomatitis, Denture Inflammation of the mouth due to denture irritation.	0	2.15	1	0
Parasite Infections [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Experimental Radiation Injuries [description not available]	0	6.32	23	0
Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.	0	2.94	4	0
Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available]	0	4.31	19	0
Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.	0	4.31	19	0
Dermatitis, Contact, Phototoxic [description not available]	0	4.19	6	0
Albinism General term for a number of inherited defects of amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.	0	2.15	1	0
Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	8	46	2
Hyperuricemia Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT.	0	3.18	5	0
Bone Diseases Diseases of BONES.	0	6.67	11	0
Familial Hypokalemia-Hypomagnesemia [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Complications, Pregnancy [description not available]	0	12.26	66	16
Cervix Diseases [description not available]	0	5.19	6	2
Muscle Pain [description not available]	0	2.81	3	0
Myalgia Painful sensation in the muscles.	0	2.81	3	0
Urinary Retention Inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER with voiding (URINATION).	0	4.51	5	1
Hyponatremia Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.79	11	0
Abortion, Threatened UTERINE BLEEDING from a GESTATION of less than 20 weeks without any CERVICAL DILATATION. It is characterized by vaginal bleeding, lower back discomfort, or midline pelvic cramping and a risk factor for MISCARRIAGE.	0	3.79	2	1
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative [description not available]	0	5.72	7	0
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.	0	5.72	7	0
Herpes Simplex Keratitis [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Keratitis, Herpetic A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)	0	2.17	1	0
Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe TRAUMA.	0	2.69	3	0
Chronic Progressive Multiple Sclerosis [description not available]	0	4.48	1	1
Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive A form of multiple sclerosis characterized by a progressive deterioration in neurologic function which is in contrast to the more typical relapsing remitting form. If the clinical course is free of distinct remissions, it is referred to as primary progressive multiple sclerosis. When the progressive decline is punctuated by acute exacerbations, it is referred to as progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis. The term secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is used when relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis evolves into the chronic progressive form. (From Ann Neurol 1994;36 Suppl:S73-S79; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)	0	4.48	1	1
Intraventricular Septal Defects [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of ventricular septal defects is based on location of the communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet (infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical muscular defect.	0	2.49	2	0
Constricted Pupil [description not available]	0	2.74	3	0
Miosis Pupillary constriction. This may result from congenital absence of the dilatator pupillary muscle, defective sympathetic innervation, or irritation of the CONJUNCTIVA or CORNEA.	0	2.74	3	0
Odontalgia [description not available]	0	6.5	6	1
Toothache Pain in the adjacent areas of the teeth.	0	6.5	6	1
Deficiency, Glucosephosphatase [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Glycogen Storage Disease Type I An autosomal recessive disease in which gene expression of glucose-6-phosphatase is absent, resulting in hypoglycemia due to lack of glucose production. Accumulation of glycogen in liver and kidney leads to organomegaly, particularly massive hepatomegaly. Increased concentrations of lactic acid and hyperlipidemia appear in the plasma. Clinical gout often appears in early childhood.	0	2.17	1	0
Protein Aggregation, Pathological A biochemical phenomenon in which misfolded proteins aggregate either intra- or extracellularly. Triggered by factors such as MUTATION; POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, and environmental stress, it is generally associated with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.	0	2.55	2	0
Infection [description not available]	0	16.99	65	37
Infections Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.	0	16.99	65	37
Visceral Pain Pain originating from internal organs (VISCERA) associated with autonomic phenomena (PALLOR; SWEATING; NAUSEA; and VOMITING). It often becomes a REFERRED PAIN.	0	2.17	1	0
Nerve Pain [description not available]	0	7.72	32	0
Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.	0	7.72	32	0
Lung Diseases, Parasitic Infections of the lungs with parasites, most commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS).	0	2.17	1	0
Orphan Diseases Rare diseases that have not been well studied.	0	3.09	1	0
Sneezing The sudden, forceful, involuntary expulsion of air from the NOSE and MOUTH caused by irritation to the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.	0	2.5	2	0
Urinary Incontinence Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine. It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes. Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.	0	3.68	3	0
Gouty Arthritis [description not available]	0	4.81	7	0
Arthritis, Gouty Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma, infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.	0	4.81	7	0
Infections, Coronavirus [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Poultry Diseases Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	0	4.91	8	1
Coronavirus Infections Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).	0	2.17	1	0
DRESS Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.09	1	0
Respiratory Tract Diseases Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	0	6.98	9	2
Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational [description not available]	0	2.96	4	0
Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.	0	2.96	4	0
Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.	0	7.73	99	0
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome, Familial Gestational Spontaneous [description not available]	0	5.12	10	0
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome A complication of OVULATION INDUCTION in infertility treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include OVARY enlargement, multiple OVARIAN FOLLICLES; OVARIAN CYSTS; ASCITES; and generalized EDEMA. The full-blown syndrome may lead to RENAL FAILURE, respiratory distress, and even DEATH. Increased capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances, such as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS, secreted by the overly-stimulated OVARIES.	0	5.12	10	0
Johne Disease [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
ARC [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
AIDS-Related Complex A prodromal phase of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown AIDS.	0	2.44	2	0
Asymmetric Diabetic Proximal Motor Neuropathy [description not available]	0	3.25	6	0
Peripheral Nerve Diseases [description not available]	0	4.97	14	0
Diabetic Neuropathies Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)	0	3.25	6	0
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.	0	4.97	14	0
Fish Diseases Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).	0	3.17	5	0
Parasitic Diseases, Animal Animal diseases caused by PARASITES.	0	2.17	1	0
Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available]	0	7.72	23	1
Schistosoma mansoni Infection [description not available]	0	3.5	8	0
Schistosomiasis mansoni Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver.	0	3.5	8	0
Dermatitis, Radiation-Induced [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Radiodermatitis A cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation.	0	2.17	1	0
Endotoxin Shock [description not available]	0	6.2	52	0
Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.	0	6.2	52	0
Cerebral Concussion [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Brain Concussion A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p418)	0	2.42	2	0
Elevated Cholesterol [description not available]	0	7.43	17	3
Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.	0	7.43	17	3
Intestinal Obstruction Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL.	0	3.27	6	0
Birth Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	0	12.09	42	21
Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Retinoblastoma A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)	0	2.17	1	0
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	0	7	74	0
Infection, Toxoplasma gondii [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Toxoplasmosis The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man.	0	2.94	4	0
E coli Infections [description not available]	0	6.45	42	1
Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.	0	6.45	42	1
Congestive Ophthalmopathy [description not available]	0	4.23	6	0
Graves Ophthalmopathy An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive (inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic (swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.	0	4.23	6	0
Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney [description not available]	0	10.25	26	3
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	0	10.24	38	2
Carcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.	0	10.25	26	3
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	0	10.24	38	2
Cronobacter Infections [description not available]	0	3.9	4	0
Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.	0	3.9	4	0
Sicca Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.64	9	0
Sjogren's Syndrome Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.	0	3.64	9	0
Lower Urinary Tract Symptom [description not available]	0	4.43	4	0
Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	5.42	14	0
Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available]	0	3.89	12	0
Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.	0	3.89	12	0
Acute Renal Colic [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Renal Colic A severe intermittent and spasmodic pain in the lower back radiating to the groin, scrotum, and labia which is most commonly caused by a kidney stone (RENAL CALCULUS) passing through the URETER or by other urinary track blockage. It is often associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, restlessness, dull pain, frequent urination, and HEMATURIA.	0	2.17	1	0
Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling [description not available]	0	3.74	3	0
Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.	0	9.04	41	3
Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.	0	9.04	41	3
Adnexal Diseases Diseases of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including diseases involving the OVARY, the FALLOPIAN TUBES, and ligaments of the uterus (BROAD LIGAMENT; ROUND LIGAMENT).	0	2.43	2	0
Infections, Mycobacterium [description not available]	0	4.2	6	0
Mycobacterium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM.	0	4.2	6	0
Mastitis, Bovine INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows.	0	3.88	12	0
Ph 1 Chromosome [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Systemic [description not available]	0	7.12	12	1
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome A systemic inflammatory response to a variety of clinical insults, characterized by two or more of the following conditions: (1) fever	0	7.12	12	1
Altitude Hypoxia Low ambient oxygen tension associated with ALTITUDE.	0	3.86	2	1
Altitude Sickness Multiple symptoms associated with reduced oxygen at high ALTITUDE.	0	3.86	2	1
Bordetella pertussis Infection, Respiratory [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Whooping Cough A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a prolonged crowing intake of breath.	0	2.21	1	0
Bacterial Pneumonia [description not available]	0	4.93	8	1
Infections, Klebsiella [description not available]	0	2.52	2	0
Edema, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	5.3	21	0
Klebsiella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.	0	2.52	2	0
Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	0	5.3	21	0
Pneumonia, Bacterial Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.	0	4.93	8	1
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer.	0	2.57	2	0
Bladder Diseases [description not available]	0	6.84	9	1
Hepato-Pulmonary Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome A syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of advanced chronic liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatations, and reduced arterial oxygenation (HYPOXEMIA) in the absence of intrinsic cardiopulmonary disease. This syndrome is common in the patients with LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).	0	2.21	1	0
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available]	0	4.34	20	0
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.	0	4.34	20	0
Craniofacial Pain [description not available]	0	4.43	8	0
Facial Pain Pain in the facial region including orofacial pain and craniofacial pain. Associated conditions include local inflammatory and neoplastic disorders and neuralgic syndromes involving the trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease are referred to as FACIAL PAIN SYNDROMES.	0	4.43	8	0
Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease [description not available]	0	2.98	4	0
Cytomegalovirus Infections Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.	0	2.98	4	0
Brazilian Spotted Fever [description not available]	0	2.48	2	0
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever An acute febrile illness caused by RICKETTSIA RICKETTSII. It is transmitted to humans by bites of infected ticks and occurs only in North and South America. Characteristics include a sudden onset with headache and chills and fever lasting about two to three weeks. A cutaneous rash commonly appears on the extremities and trunk about the fourth day of illness.	0	2.48	2	0
Uveitis, Anterior Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced.	0	6.72	31	2
Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	6.99	29	1
Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.	0	6.99	29	1
Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure Sudden liver failure in the presence of underlying compensated chronic LIVER DISEASE (e.g., LIVER CIRRHOSIS; HEPATITIS; and liver injury and failure) due to a precipitating acute hepatic insult.	0	2.21	1	0
Asialia [description not available]	0	2.79	3	0
Xerostomia Decreased salivary flow.	0	2.79	3	0
C gattii Infection [description not available]	0	2.81	3	0
Cryptococcosis Fungal infection caused by genus CRYPTOCOCCUS.	0	2.81	3	0
Diseases of Immune System [description not available]	0	5.47	8	0
Immune System Diseases Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.	0	5.47	8	0
Bone Loss, Perimenopausal [description not available]	0	4.52	9	0
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.	0	4.52	9	0
Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.	0	8.11	12	2
Labor Pain Pain associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR in CHILDBIRTH. It is caused primarily by UTERINE CONTRACTION as well as pressure on the CERVIX; BLADDER; and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Labor pain mostly occurs in the ABDOMEN; the GROIN; and the BACK.	0	2.21	1	0
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available]	0	4.73	11	0
Infections, Paramyxoviridae [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Paramyxoviridae Infections Infections with viruses of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; RESPIROVIRUS INFECTIONS; PNEUMOVIRUS INFECTIONS; HENIPAVIRUS INFECTIONS; AVULAVIRUS INFECTIONS; and RUBULAVIRUS INFECTIONS.	0	2.43	2	0
Cells, Neoplasm Circulating [description not available]	0	3.39	2	0
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis [description not available]	0	6.5	9	2
Infections, Trichomonas [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Prostatitis Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment.	0	6.5	9	2
Trichomonas Infections Infections in birds and mammals produced by various species of Trichomonas.	0	2.21	1	0
Hyperventilation A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.	0	2.91	4	0
Central Nervous System Syphilis [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Liver Dysfunction [description not available]	0	4.77	31	0
Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER.	0	4.77	31	0
Tachyarrhythmia [description not available]	0	5.44	9	0
Decerebrate Posturing [description not available]	0	3.09	5	0
Tachycardia Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.	0	5.44	9	0
American Trypanosomiasis [description not available]	0	4.27	18	0
Chagas Disease Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.	0	4.27	18	0
Muscle Disorders [description not available]	0	4.5	5	1
Muscular Diseases Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.	0	4.5	5	1
Barrett Epithelium [description not available]	0	7.83	19	4
Barrett Esophagus A condition with damage to the lining of the lower ESOPHAGUS resulting from chronic acid reflux (ESOPHAGITIS, REFLUX). Through the process of metaplasia, the squamous cells are replaced by a columnar epithelium with cells resembling those of the INTESTINE or the salmon-pink mucosa of the STOMACH. Barrett's columnar epithelium is a marker for severe reflux and precursor to ADENOCARCINOMA of the esophagus.	0	7.83	19	4
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	5.04	16	0
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.	0	5.04	16	0
Ovarian Diseases Pathological processes of the OVARY.	0	5.95	9	1
Cancer of Endometrium [description not available]	0	5.25	19	0
Endometrial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.	0	5.25	19	0
Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous A malignant cystic or semicystic neoplasm. It often occurs in the ovary and usually bilaterally. The external surface is usually covered with papillary excrescences. Microscopically, the papillary patterns are predominantly epithelial overgrowths with differentiated and undifferentiated papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma cells. Psammoma bodies may be present. The tumor generally adheres to surrounding structures and produces ascites. (From Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p185)	0	2.74	3	0
Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitis [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Hepatitis, Autoimmune A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.	0	2.08	1	0
Infections, Pasteurellaceae [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Emesis, Postoperative [description not available]	0	4.41	2	2
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Emesis and queasiness occurring after anesthesia.	0	4.41	2	2
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia [description not available]	0	3.35	2	0
Adrenal Cortex Cancer [description not available]	0	3.37	2	0
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.	0	3.37	2	0
Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance, congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting, hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID 21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among others, underlie these disorders.	0	3.35	2	0
Depression, Involutional Form of depression in those MIDDLE AGE with feelings of ANXIETY.	0	3.38	2	0
Depressive Disorder, Major Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5)	0	3.38	2	0
Parasitemia The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.94	8	1
Bancroftian Elephantiasis [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Elephantiasis, Filarial Parasitic infestation of the human lymphatic system by WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI or BRUGIA MALAYI. It is also called lymphatic filariasis.	0	2.08	1	0
Teeth, Impacted [description not available]	0	6.42	4	4
Hypermelanosis [description not available]	0	4.93	4	2
Hyperpigmentation Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance.	0	4.93	4	2
Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous A form of LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS caused by Leishmania aethiopica in Ethiopia and Kenya, L. pifanoi in Venezuela, L. braziliensis in South America, and L. mexicana in Central America. This disease is characterized by massive dissemination of skin lesions without visceral involvement.	0	2.5	2	0
Autolysis, Dental Pulp [description not available]	0	2.72	3	0
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.	0	4.7	6	1
Lymphoma, Primary Effusion A rare neoplasm of large B-cells usually presenting as serious effusions without detectable tumor masses. The most common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. It is associated with HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8, most often occurring in the setting of immunodeficiency.	0	3	1	0
Kaposi Sarcoma [description not available]	0	3.86	4	0
Sarcoma, Kaposi A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause.	0	3.86	4	0
Hyperhomocysteinemia Condition in which the plasma levels of homocysteine and related metabolites are elevated (	0	2.48	2	0
Synovioma [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Sarcoma, Synovial A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae. The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1363)	0	2.45	2	0
Hemorrhagic Shock [description not available]	0	5.82	36	0
Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack [description not available]	0	5.35	22	0
Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)	0	5.35	22	0
Centriacinar Emphysema [description not available]	0	4.47	8	0
Hypospadias A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.	0	2.08	1	0
Common Migraine [description not available]	0	7.21	4	2
Migraine without Aura Recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches, not preceded or accompanied by an aura, in attacks lasting 4-72 hours. It is characterized by PAIN of moderate to severe intensity; aggravated by physical activity; and associated with NAUSEA and / or PHOTOPHOBIA and PHONOPHOBIA. (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)	0	7.21	4	2
Exertional Heat Illness [description not available]	0	4.88	4	2
Toxoplasmosis, Animal Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms of the genus TOXOPLASMA.	0	2.7	3	0
Cardiomyopathy, Congestive [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Puerperal Disorders Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.	0	7.87	12	3
Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications [description not available]	0	5.45	25	0
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.	0	2.43	2	0
Bronchial Hyperreactivity Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.	0	7.99	35	1
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available]	0	4.51	5	1
Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.	0	4.51	5	1
Fusiform Aneurysm Elongated, spindle-shaped dilation in the wall of blood vessels, usually large ARTERIES with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.	0	4.76	2	0
Aneurysm Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM). It indicates a thin and weakened area in the wall which may later rupture. Aneurysms are classified by location, etiology, or other characteristics.	0	4.76	2	0
Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.	0	4.4	8	0
Placenta, Retained A placenta that fails to be expelled after BIRTH of the FETUS. A PLACENTA is retained when the UTERUS fails to contract after the delivery of its content, or when the placenta is abnormally attached to the MYOMETRIUM.	0	6.13	11	1
Calculus, Dental [description not available]	0	3.64	3	0
Pocket, Periodontal [description not available]	0	9.73	32	11
Hemorrhage, Gingival [description not available]	0	8.62	20	9
Gingival Hemorrhage The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as GINGIVITIS, marginal PERIODONTITIS, injury, and ASCORBIC ACID DEFICIENCY.	0	8.62	20	9
Periodontal Pocket An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment and bone resorption.	0	9.73	32	11
Pterygium An abnormal triangular fold of membrane in the interpalpebral fissure, extending from the conjunctiva to the cornea, being immovably united to the cornea at its apex, firmly attached to the sclera throughout its middle portion, and merged with the conjunctiva at its base. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.08	1	0
Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.	0	10.84	25	5
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli, Familial [description not available]	0	8.92	27	4
Intestinal Polyps Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the INTESTINE. A polyp is attached to the intestinal wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.	0	5.19	11	1
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected individuals by early adulthood.	0	8.92	27	4
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.	0	4.17	16	0
Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.	0	4.17	16	0
Apical Ballooning Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.48	2	0
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy A transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or ballooning accompanied by electrocardiographic (ECG) T wave inversions. This abnormality is associated with high levels of CATECHOLAMINES, either administered or endogenously secreted from a tumor or during extreme stress.	0	2.48	2	0
Injuries, Tendon [description not available]	0	5.47	9	0
Poisoning, Lead [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Lead Poisoning Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of LEAD or lead compounds.	0	2.44	2	0
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.	0	2.08	1	0
Cancer of Nasopharynx [description not available]	0	2.93	4	0
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.	0	2.93	4	0
Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available]	0	3.41	7	0
Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.	0	3.41	7	0
Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain [description not available]	0	3.33	6	0
Asphyxia Neonatorum Respiratory failure in the newborn. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	5.32	7	2
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions.	0	3.33	6	0
Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.91	4	0
Cholangiitis, Sclerosing [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Cholangitis, Sclerosing Chronic inflammatory disease of the BILIARY TRACT. It is characterized by fibrosis and hardening of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary ductal systems leading to bile duct strictures, CHOLESTASIS, and eventual BILIARY CIRRHOSIS.	0	2.08	1	0
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	0	5.59	27	0
Dermatitis Medicamentosa [description not available]	0	4.78	7	1
Erythema Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.	0	10.64	32	11
Infection, Puerperal [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Attachment Loss, Periodontal [description not available]	0	9.84	19	8
Atrophy of Gingiva [description not available]	0	5.98	5	2
Jaw, Edentulous, Partially Absence of teeth from a portion of the mandible and/or maxilla.	0	4.76	2	1
MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available]	0	6.69	21	0
Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)	0	6.69	21	0
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive [description not available]	0	3.87	4	0
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.	0	3.87	4	0
Colicky Pain [description not available]	0	7.13	12	3
Abdominal Pain Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region.	0	7.13	12	3
Hematochezia The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea.	0	10.86	50	13
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.	0	10.86	50	13
Cardiomyopathy, Chagas [description not available]	0	3.63	3	0
Chagas Cardiomyopathy A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.	0	3.63	3	0
Bacterial Conjunctivitides [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Conjunctivitis, Bacterial Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms. Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Chlamydia.	0	2.08	1	0
Actinic Reticuloid Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Infections, Respiratory [description not available]	0	3.64	9	0
Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.	0	3.64	9	0
Thrombopenia [description not available]	0	4.15	6	0
Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.	0	4.15	6	0
Epithelial Neoplasms [description not available]	0	3.15	5	0
Muscular Weakness [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Lassitude [description not available]	0	4.12	3	1
Muscular Atrophy, Postpoliomyelitis [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.	0	4.12	3	1
Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci 1995 May 25;753:68-80)	0	2.1	1	0
Muscle Weakness A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)	0	2.1	1	0
Bronchitis Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.	0	5.26	12	0
Infectious Myelitis [description not available]	0	2.48	2	0
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia A chronic lung disease developed after OXYGEN INHALATION THERAPY or mechanical ventilation (VENTILATION, MECHANICAL) usually occurring in certain premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE) or newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN). Histologically, it is characterized by the unusual abnormalities of the bronchioles, such as METAPLASIA, decrease in alveolar number, and formation of CYSTS.	0	4.09	3	1
Leukocytopenia [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Leukopenia A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).	0	2.91	4	0
Blood Clot [description not available]	0	7.91	25	1
Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.	0	7.91	25	1
Francisella tularensis Infection [description not available]	0	3.16	5	0
Tularemia A plague-like disease of rodents, transmissible to man. It is caused by FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS and is characterized by fever, chills, headache, backache, and weakness.	0	3.16	5	0
Blue-Eared Pig Disease [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available]	0	5.29	20	0
Chronic Insomnia [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	0	3.53	8	0
Restless Leg Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition.	0	2.08	1	0
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	0	3.53	8	0
Restless Legs Syndrome A disorder characterized by aching or burning sensations in the lower and rarely the upper extremities that occur prior to sleep or may awaken the patient from sleep.	0	2.08	1	0
Psoriasis Arthropathica [description not available]	0	3.1	5	0
Arthritis, Psoriatic A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the absence of rheumatoid factor.	0	3.1	5	0
Blood Pressure, Low [description not available]	0	7.09	32	1
Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.	0	7.09	32	1
Candida Infection [description not available]	0	3.91	12	0
Candidiasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.91	12	0
Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.	0	7.52	50	1
Cataract, Membranous [description not available]	0	5.05	16	0
Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	5.05	16	0
Primary Graft Dysfunction A form of ischemia-reperfusion injury occurring in the early period following transplantation. Significant pathophysiological changes in MITOCHONDRIA are the main cause of the dysfunction. It is most often seen in the transplanted lung, liver, or kidney and can lead to GRAFT REJECTION.	0	5.7	2	1
Benign Mastocytoma [description not available]	0	2.96	4	0
Hyperlipemia [description not available]	0	5	9	1
Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.	0	5	9	1
Encephalopathy, Hepatic [description not available]	0	3.37	7	0
Hepatic Encephalopathy A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)	0	3.37	7	0
Hyperammonemia Elevated level of AMMONIA in the blood. It is a sign of defective CATABOLISM of AMINO ACIDS or ammonia to UREA.	0	2.1	1	0
Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body.	0	2.92	4	0
Coxarthrosis [description not available]	0	4.95	8	1
Osteoarthritis, Hip Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion.	0	4.95	8	1
Impaired Glucose Tolerance [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Glucose Intolerance A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or 90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other diseases and MALNUTRITION.	0	2.49	2	0
Hepatitis B Virus Infection [description not available]	0	3.5	8	0
Hepatic Failure [description not available]	0	2.77	3	0
Hepatitis B INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.	0	3.5	8	0
Liver Failure Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed)	0	2.77	3	0
Fetal Death Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.	0	16.76	99	45
Animal Mammary Carcinoma [description not available]	0	6.28	13	0
B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	3.25	6	0
Lymphoma, B-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.	0	3.25	6	0
Pervasive Child Development Disorders [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Severe distortions in the development of many basic psychological functions that are not normal for any stage in development. These distortions are manifested in sustained social impairment, speech abnormalities, and peculiar motor movements.	0	2.49	2	0
B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	4.02	5	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease.	0	4.02	5	0
Hemorrhage, Retinal [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Rupture, Spontaneous Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.	0	4.64	6	1
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	0	8.31	63	0
Aberrant Crypt Foci Clusters of colonic crypts that appear different from the surrounding mucosa when visualized after staining. They are of interest as putative precursors to colorectal adenomas and potential biomarkers for colorectal carcinoma.	0	2.1	1	0
Dehydration The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.	0	6.38	15	1
Apnea, Obstructive Sleep [description not available]	0	4.4	1	1
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY; ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395)	0	4.4	1	1
Biliary Tract Cancer [description not available]	0	2.95	4	0
Biliary Tract Neoplasms Tumors or cancer in the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.	0	2.95	4	0
Cholangitis Inflammation of the biliary ductal system (BILE DUCTS); intrahepatic, extrahepatic, or both.	0	2.72	3	0
Craniocerebral Injuries [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Craniocerebral Trauma Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage.	0	2.89	4	0
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	0	4.48	5	1
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.	0	4.48	5	1
Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking.	0	4.62	6	1
Musculoskeletal Pain Discomfort stemming from muscles, LIGAMENTS, tendons, and bones.	0	5.31	4	1
Wounds, Penetrating Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin.	0	6.4	11	0
Dystocia Slow or difficult OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH.	0	5.24	4	3
Diffuse Myofascial Pain Syndrome [description not available]	0	7.41	9	2
Fibromyalgia A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME, CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50 years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1494-95)	0	7.41	9	2
Academic Disorder, Developmental [description not available]	0	2.77	3	0
Learning Disabilities Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.	0	2.77	3	0
Sprains [description not available]	0	3.38	2	0
Sprains and Strains A collective term for muscle and ligament injuries without dislocation or fracture. A sprain is a joint injury in which some of the fibers of a supporting ligament are ruptured but the continuity of the ligament remains intact. A strain is an overstretching or overexertion of some part of the musculature.	0	3.38	2	0
Autoimmune Experimental Myasthenia Gravis [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Mastitis INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.	0	2.4	2	0
Inflammation, Endodontic [description not available]	0	9.91	22	2
Pulpitis Inflammation of the DENTAL PULP, usually due to bacterial infection in dental caries, tooth fracture, or other conditions causing exposure of the pulp to bacterial invasion. Chemical irritants, thermal factors, hyperemic changes, and other factors may also cause pulpitis.	0	9.91	22	2
Thyroid Cancer, Anaplastic [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic An aggressive THYROID GLAND malignancy which generally occurs in IODINE-deficient areas in people with previous thyroid pathology such as GOITER. It is associated with CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION of THYROID CARCINOMA (e.g., FOLLICULAR THYROID CARCINOMA; PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER). Typical initial presentation is a rapidly growing neck mass which upon metastasis is associated with DYSPHAGIA; NECK PAIN; bone pain; DYSPNEA; and NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS.	0	2.1	1	0
Hypercapnia A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.	0	4	14	0
Cancer of Head [description not available]	0	5.2	48	0
Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)	0	5.2	48	0
Ectopic Ossification [description not available]	0	4.51	5	1
Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available]	0	4.4	8	0
Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).	0	4.4	8	0
Carcinoma, Lewis Lung A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.	0	4.16	16	0
Viral Diseases [description not available]	0	5.19	8	0
Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses.	0	5.19	8	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell of Head and Neck [description not available]	0	2.77	3	0
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH; PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer.	0	2.77	3	0
Bronchospasm, Exercise-Induced [description not available]	0	4.33	4	1
Asthma, Exercise-Induced Asthma attacks following a period of exercise. Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction; conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).	0	4.33	4	1
Antibiotic-Associated Colitis [description not available]	0	3.37	7	0
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.	0	3.37	7	0
Adenocarcinoma, Alveolar [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar A carcinoma derived from epithelium of terminal bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli. Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.41	2	0
Critical Illness A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.	0	4.64	3	2
Amyloid Deposits [description not available]	0	3.16	5	0
Foreign-Body Reaction Chronic inflammation and granuloma formation around irritating foreign bodies.	0	3.94	13	0
Deep Vein Thrombosis [description not available]	0	5.06	3	1
Venous Thrombosis The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein.	0	5.06	3	1
Acoustic Neuroma [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Leukemia, Pre-B-Cell [description not available]	0	2.96	4	0
Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and adolescents and characterized by a high number of lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as leukemia.	0	2.96	4	0
Clerambault Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Colonic Diverticulosis [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Candidiasis, Genital [description not available]	0	3.51	8	0
Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA.	0	3.51	8	0
FMR1-Related Primary Ovarian Insufficiency [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion. It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, and infections. The most commonly known genetic cause is the expansion of a CGG repeat to 55 to 199 copies in the 5' untranslated region in the X-linked FMR1 gene.	0	2.11	1	0
Bruise [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Contusions Injuries resulting in hemorrhage, usually manifested in the skin.	0	2.73	3	0
Leg Ulcer Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous insufficiency (VARICOSE ULCER), 5% to arterial disease, and the remaining 5% to other causes.	0	2.68	3	0
Pellagra A disease due to deficiency of NIACIN, a B-complex vitamin, or its precursor TRYPTOPHAN. It is characterized by scaly DERMATITIS which is often associated with DIARRHEA and DEMENTIA (the three D's).	0	3.03	1	0
Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Parkinson Disease, Secondary Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)	0	2.11	1	0
Depression, Endogenous [description not available]	0	11.78	23	10
Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.	0	11.78	23	10
Atopic Hypersensitivity [description not available]	0	5.38	23	0
Armstrong Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Brain Swelling [description not available]	0	5.21	19	0
Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)	0	5.21	19	0
Sarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available]	0	2.71	3	0
Sarcoma A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.	0	2.71	3	0
Chronic Infantile Neurologic, Cutaneous, and Articular Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.79	3	0
Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes A group of rare autosomal dominant diseases, commonly characterized by atypical URTICARIA (hives) with systemic symptoms that develop into end-organ damage. The atypical hives do not involve T-cell or autoantibody. Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome includes three previously distinct disorders: Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome; Muckle-Wells Syndrome; and CINCA Syndrome, that are now considered to represent a disease continuum, all caused by NLRP3 PROTEIN mutations.	0	2.79	3	0
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available]	0	4.53	3	0
Sunburn An injury to the skin causing erythema, tenderness, and sometimes blistering and resulting from excessive exposure to the sun. The reaction is produced by the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight.	0	7.13	11	2
Autism [description not available]	0	2.81	3	0
Autistic Disorder A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V)	0	2.81	3	0
CACH Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.53	2	0
Polyradiculitis [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Polyradiculopathy Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.	0	2.11	1	0
Lichen Ruber Planus [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Lichen Planus An inflammatory, pruritic disease of the skin and mucous membranes, which can be either generalized or localized. It is characterized by distinctive purplish, flat-topped papules having a predilection for the trunk and flexor surfaces. The lesions may be discrete or coalesce to form plaques. Histologically, there is a saw-tooth pattern of epidermal hyperplasia and vacuolar alteration of the basal layer of the epidermis along with an intense upper dermal inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of T-cells. Etiology is unknown.	0	2.11	1	0
Cranial Nerve X Diseases [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Active Hyperemia [description not available]	0	5.63	18	0
Hyperemia The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous).	0	5.63	18	0
Tonsillitis Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.	0	2.42	2	0
Chromosome Deletion Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.	0	2.5	2	0
Abscess, Amebic, Hepatic [description not available]	0	3.1	5	0
Arthritis, Spinal [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	5.34	57	0
Adhesions, Tissue [description not available]	0	3.7	10	0
Anastomotic Leak Breakdown of the connection and subsequent leakage of effluent (fluids, secretions, air) from a SURGICAL ANASTOMOSIS of the digestive, respiratory, genitourinary, and cardiovascular systems. Most common leakages are from the breakdown of suture lines in gastrointestinal or bowel anastomosis.	0	2.53	2	0
Hydramnios [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.	0	3.85	12	0
Anti-GBM Disease [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis.	0	2.11	1	0
Dyslipidemia [description not available]	0	3.04	1	0
Dyslipidemias Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.	0	3.04	1	0
Eosinophilia, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	4.78	7	1
Pulmonary Eosinophilia A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.	0	4.78	7	1
Aggressive Periodontitis Inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that is characterized by rapid attachment loss and bone destruction in the presence of little local factors such as DENTAL PLAQUE and DENTAL CALCULUS. This highly destructive form of periodontitis often occurs in young people and was called early-onset periodontitis, but this disease also appears in old people.	0	7.28	13	2
Fetal Distress A nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) indicating that the FETUS is compromised (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 1988). It can be identified by sub-optimal values in FETAL HEART RATE; oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD; and other parameters.	0	13.86	20	12
Hemarthrosis Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia.	0	2.11	1	0
Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease [description not available]	0	2.79	3	0
Huntington Disease A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control; DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS; and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)	0	2.79	3	0
Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes [description not available]	0	4.07	3	1
Myelodysplastic Syndromes Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.	0	4.07	3	1
Adenovirus Infections [description not available]	0	2.52	2	0
Adenoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.	0	2.52	2	0
Bradyarrhythmia [description not available]	0	5.96	5	2
Apnea A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.	0	5.57	6	1
Bradycardia Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.	0	5.96	5	2
Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available]	0	6.61	27	2
Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	0	6.61	27	2
MPTP Neurotoxicity Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.75	3	0
Co-infection [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Cerebrovascular Moyamoya Disease [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute (affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.	0	2.11	1	0
Latent Tuberculosis The dormant form of TUBERCULOSIS where the person shows no obvious symptoms and no sign of the causative agent (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in the SPUTUM despite being positive for tuberculosis infection skin test.	0	2.11	1	0
Behavior Disorders [description not available]	0	3.11	5	0
Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.	0	3.11	5	0
Vascular Calcification Deposition of calcium into the blood vessel structures. Excessive calcification of the vessels are associated with ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES formation particularly after MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (see MONCKEBERG MEDIAL CALCIFIC SCLEROSIS) and chronic kidney diseases which in turn increase VASCULAR STIFFNESS.	0	2.13	1	0
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	11.32	47	6
Aortic Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA.	0	4.68	6	1
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	0	11.32	47	6
Myeloproliferative Disorders Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.	0	3.6	3	0
Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.	0	6.02	15	2
Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA.	0	5.6	3	2
Colonic Polyps Discrete tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the COLON. These POLYPS are connected to the wall of the colon either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.	0	4.56	3	0
Angle's Classification [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Malocclusion Such malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth as to interfere with the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)	0	2.11	1	0
Skin Ulcer An ULCER of the skin and underlying tissues.	0	2.15	1	0
Sclerosis, Systemic [description not available]	0	3.78	11	0
Scleroderma, Systemic A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.	0	3.78	11	0
Facial Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the FACE.	0	3.51	1	1
Sensation Disorders Disorders of the special senses (i.e., VISION; HEARING; TASTE; and SMELL) or somatosensory system (i.e., afferent components of the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM).	0	3.51	1	1
Micrometastases, Neoplasm [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Carcinoma, Intraepithelial [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Carcinoma in Situ A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane.	0	2.49	2	0
Atypical Cluster Headache [description not available]	0	3.84	2	1
Atypical Mycobacterial Infection, Disseminated [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Basal Cell Cancer [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Acute-Phase Reaction An early local inflammatory reaction to insult or injury that consists of fever, an increase in inflammatory humoral factors, and an increased synthesis by hepatocytes of a number of proteins or glycoproteins usually found in the plasma.	0	9.44	22	2
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.	0	2.76	3	0
Complete Breech [description not available]	0	4.48	5	0
Breech Presentation A malpresentation of the FETUS at near term or during OBSTETRIC LABOR with the fetal cephalic pole in the fundus of the UTERUS. There are three types of breech: the complete breech with flexed hips and knees; the incomplete breech with one or both hips partially or fully extended; the frank breech with flexed hips and extended knees.	0	4.48	5	0
Coma A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION.	0	2.15	1	0
Convulsions, Grand Mal [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Water-Electrolyte Imbalance Disturbances in the body's WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.	0	4.2	6	0
Adenoma, Villous An adenoma of the large intestine. It is usually a solitary, sessile, often large, tumor of colonic mucosa composed of mucinous epithelium covering delicate vascular projections. Hypersecretion and malignant changes occur frequently. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.15	1	0
Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)	0	2.15	1	0
Insect Bites [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Insect Bites and Stings Bites and stings inflicted by insects.	0	2.13	1	0
Vibrio cholerae Infection [description not available]	0	4.41	8	0
Cholera An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated.	0	4.41	8	0
Cancer of Intestines [description not available]	0	4.27	18	0
Intestinal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.	0	4.27	18	0
Choline Deficiency A condition produced by a deficiency of CHOLINE in animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined deficiency of choline (included in the B vitamin complex) and all other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals. Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)	0	2.42	2	0
Infarct [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Aneurysm, Ruptured The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.	0	3.45	2	0
Aneurysm, Aortic [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Aortic Aneurysm An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA.	0	2.42	2	0
Aldosteronism with Hyperplasia of the Adrenal Cortex [description not available]	0	8.94	29	3
Hypercalciuria Excretion of abnormally high level of CALCIUM in the URINE, greater than 4 mg/kg/day.	0	2.13	1	0
Diabetes, Phosphate [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Hypophosphatemia, Familial An inherited condition of abnormally low serum levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.	0	2.47	2	0
Hymenolepiasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Hymenolepis.	0	2.13	1	0
E chaffeensis Infection [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Basedow Disease [description not available]	0	5.95	18	0
Graves Disease A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR. These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).	0	5.95	18	0
Menopause The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.	0	4.76	7	1
Kawasaki Disease [description not available]	0	3.25	6	0
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity, protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the extremities.	0	3.25	6	0
Cancer of the Tongue [description not available]	0	4.08	15	0
Tongue Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.	0	4.08	15	0
Potassium Deficiency A condition due to decreased dietary intake of potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer in intravenous solutions, or to gastrointestinal loss in diarrhea, chronic laxative abuse, vomiting, gastric suction, or bowel diversion. Severe potassium deficiency may produce muscular weakness and lead to paralysis and respiratory failure. Muscular malfunction may result in hypoventilation, paralytic ileus, hypotension, muscle twitches, tetany, and rhabomyolysis. Nephropathy from potassium deficit impairs the concentrating mechanism, producing POLYURIA and decreased maximal urinary concentrating ability with secondary POLYDIPSIA. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)	0	4.98	9	1
Placenta Increta Invasion of CHORIONIC VILLI occurs deep into the MYOMETRIUM.	0	3.85	4	0
Placenta Praevia [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Placenta Accreta Abnormal placentation in which all or parts of the PLACENTA are attached directly to the MYOMETRIUM due to a complete or partial absence of DECIDUA. It is associated with POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE because of the failure of placental separation.	0	3.85	4	0
Placenta Previa Abnormal placentation in which the PLACENTA implants in the lower segment of the UTERUS (the zone of dilation) and may cover part or all of the opening of the CERVIX. It is often associated with serious antepartum bleeding and PREMATURE LABOR.	0	2.13	1	0
Foreign-Body Granuloma [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Developmental Psychomotor Disorders [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning Poisoning that results from ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of CARBON TETRACHLORIDE.	0	3.5	8	0
Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver [description not available]	0	5.58	17	0
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease [description not available]	0	2.98	4	0
Parkinsonian Disorders A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.	0	2.98	4	0
Human Trichinellosis [description not available]	0	3.62	9	0
Trichinellosis An infection with TRICHINELLA. It is caused by eating raw or undercooked meat that is infected with larvae of nematode worms TRICHINELLA genus. All members of the TRICHINELLA genus can infect human in addition to TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS, the traditional etiological agent. It is distributed throughout much of the world and is re-emerging in some parts as a public health hazard and a food safety problem.	0	3.62	9	0
Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction [description not available]	0	2.75	3	0
Brain Infarction Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.	0	2.75	3	0
Post-Natal Depression [description not available]	0	3.53	1	1
Depression, Postpartum Depression in POSTPARTUM WOMEN, usually within four weeks after giving birth (PARTURITION). The degree of depression ranges from mild transient depression to neurotic or psychotic depressive disorders. (From DSM-IV, p386)	0	3.53	1	1
Cancer-Associated Pain [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Cancer Pain Pain that may be caused by or related to cellular, tissue, and systemic changes that occur during NEOPLASM growth, tissue invasion, and METASTASIS.	0	2.15	1	0
Pregnancy in Diabetes [description not available]	0	5.83	22	0
Intertrochanteric Fractures [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Hip Fractures Fractures of the FEMUR HEAD; the FEMUR NECK; (FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES); the trochanters; or the inter- or subtrochanteric region. Excludes fractures of the acetabulum and fractures of the femoral shaft below the subtrochanteric region (FEMORAL FRACTURES).	0	2.15	1	0
Breathing Sounds [description not available]	0	4.31	4	0
Respiratory Sounds Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.	0	4.31	4	0
Encephalopathy, Traumatic [description not available]	0	2.55	2	0
Brain Injuries, Traumatic A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.	0	2.55	2	0
Constriction, Pathological [description not available]	0	3.52	8	0
Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.	0	3.52	8	0
Female Genital Diseases [description not available]	0	4.49	5	1
Genital Diseases, Female Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	4.49	5	1
Neovascularization, Optic Disc [description not available]	0	2.98	4	0
Retinal Neovascularization Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.	0	2.98	4	0
Diseases, Metabolic [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed)	0	2.15	1	0
Complication, Intraoperative [description not available]	0	4.15	6	0
Apnea, Sleep [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Sleep Apnea Syndromes Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive (see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive types.	0	2.46	2	0
Cancer, Radiation-Induced [description not available]	0	4.95	14	0
Bacillus anthracis Infection [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Anthrax An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.	0	2.04	1	0
Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available]	0	3.49	8	0
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood.	0	3.49	8	0
Acute Coronary Syndrome An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally lasts longer than a transient anginal episode that ultimately may lead to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	3.83	2	1
B Virus Infection [description not available]	0	3.12	5	0
Dysautonomia [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Curling Ulcer Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns.	0	11.69	63	17
Duodenal Ulcer A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.	0	11.69	63	17
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.	0	3.37	7	0
Prosthesis Durability [description not available]	0	4.93	37	0
Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism [description not available]	0	3.8	2	1
Hypogonadism Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ cell maturation, and development of secondary sex characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).	0	3.8	2	1
Duodenal Reflux [description not available]	0	3.39	7	0
Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	4	14	0
Hand-Schu00FCller-Christian Disease [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell A group of disorders resulting from the abnormal proliferation of and tissue infiltration by LANGERHANS CELLS which can be detected by their characteristic Birbeck granules (X bodies), or by monoclonal antibody staining for their surface CD1 ANTIGENS. Langerhans-cell granulomatosis can involve a single organ, or can be a systemic disorder.	0	2.42	2	0
Metaplasia A condition in which there is a change of one adult cell type to another similar adult cell type.	0	3.97	13	0
Chlamydia pneumoniae Infections [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Amebiasis, Intestinal [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Benign Cerebellar Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Cell Transformation, Viral An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.	0	5.46	25	0
Infantile Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available]	0	4.96	9	1
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause.	0	4.96	9	1
Nerve Root Avulsion [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Radiculopathy Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root.	0	2.94	4	0
Furcation Defects Conditions in which a bifurcation or trifurcation of the molar tooth root becomes denuded as a result of periodontal disease. It may be followed by tooth mobility, temperature sensitivity, pain, and alveolar bone resorption.	0	2.04	1	0
Tooth Mobility Horizontal and, to a lesser degree, axial movement of a tooth in response to normal forces, as in occlusion. It refers also to the movability of a tooth resulting from loss of all or a portion of its attachment and supportive apparatus, as seen in periodontitis, occlusal trauma, and periodontosis. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p507 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p313)	0	2.04	1	0
Pleurisy, Tuberculous [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Lesion of Sciatic Nerve [description not available]	0	3.82	11	0
Osteolysis Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium.	0	6.59	35	0
Carcinoma, Medullary A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)	0	2.73	3	0
Cervix Dysplasia [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Uterine Cervical Dysplasia Abnormal development of immature squamous EPITHELIAL CELLS of the UTERINE CERVIX, a term used to describe premalignant cytological changes in the cervical EPITHELIUM. These atypical cells do not penetrate the epithelial BASEMENT MEMBRANE.	0	2.05	1	0
Nail Diseases Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding it. The concept is limited to primates.	0	2.05	1	0
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	0	4.38	21	0
T-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Lymphoma, T-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes.	0	2.94	4	0
Kahler Disease [description not available]	0	6.57	11	1
Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	0	6.57	11	1
Goldblatt Syndrome [description not available]	0	6.75	42	0
Hypertension, Renovascular Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression.	0	6.75	42	0
Liver Steatosis [description not available]	0	3.54	8	0
Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.	0	3.54	8	0
Convulsions, Febrile [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Seizures, Febrile Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children aged 3 months to five years. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been identified in some families. The majority are simple febrile seizures (generally defined as generalized onset, single seizures with a duration of less than 30 minutes). Complex febrile seizures are characterized by focal onset, duration greater than 30 minutes, and/or more than one seizure in a 24 hour period. The likelihood of developing epilepsy (i.e., a nonfebrile seizure disorder) following simple febrile seizures is low. Complex febrile seizures are associated with a moderately increased incidence of epilepsy. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p784)	0	2.04	1	0
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar [description not available]	0	5.71	7	0
Bipolar Disorder A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.	0	5.71	7	0
Allergic Conjunctivitis [description not available]	0	4.49	5	1
Conjunctivitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens.	0	4.49	5	1
Anoxia, Brain [description not available]	0	3.72	10	0
Dextro-Looped Transposition of the Great Arteries [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Transposition of Great Vessels A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently, the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs. This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns and infants.	0	2.89	4	0
Cecal Diseases Pathological developments in the CECUM.	0	5.07	5	0
Foot Diseases Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the foot.	0	2.92	4	0
Ocular Hypotension Abnormally low intraocular pressure often related to chronic inflammation (uveitis).	0	2.93	4	0
Hormone-Dependent Neoplasms [description not available]	0	7.69	14	1
Inadequate Sleep [description not available]	0	8.12	10	4
Coronary Heart Disease [description not available]	0	5.75	21	0
Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.	0	5.75	21	0
Mesothelioma A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.95	4	0
Dermatitis, Irritant A non-allergic contact dermatitis caused by prolonged exposure to irritants and not explained by delayed hypersensitivity mechanisms.	0	4.49	5	1
Cocarcinogenesis The combination of two or more different factors in the production of cancer.	0	4.51	9	0
Papilloma, Squamous Cell [description not available]	0	5.18	11	0
Papilloma A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	5.18	11	0
Hemorrhage, Peptic Ulcer [description not available]	0	4.6	10	0
Benign Psychomotor Epilepsy, Childhood [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321).	0	2.46	2	0
Entrapment Neuropathies [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available]	0	3.59	9	0
Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.	0	3.59	9	0
Lichen Planus, Oral Oral lesions accompanying cutaneous lichen planus or often occurring alone. The buccal mucosa, lips, gingivae, floor of the mouth, and palate are usually affected (in a descending order of frequency). Typically, oral lesions consist of radiating white or gray, velvety, threadlike lines, arranged in a reticular pattern, at the intersection of which there may be minute, white, elevated dots or streaks (Wickham's striae). (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)	0	2.05	1	0
Cancer of the Thymus [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Thymus Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND.	0	2.42	2	0
Eosinophilia, Tropical [description not available]	0	7.19	13	1
Eosinophilia Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.	0	7.19	13	1
Cephalgia Syndromes [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Headache Disorders Various conditions with the symptom of HEADACHE. Headache disorders are classified into major groups, such as PRIMARY HEADACHE DISORDERS (based on characteristics of their headache symptoms) and SECONDARY HEADACHE DISORDERS (based on their etiologies). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)	0	2.05	1	0
Gastritis, Atrophic GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic gastritis.	0	2.73	3	0
Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Hamartoma A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm, composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in the affected area.	0	2.05	1	0
Arthritides, Bacterial [description not available]	0	2.9	4	0
Kidney, Polycystic [description not available]	0	3.1	5	0
Polycystic Kidney Diseases Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance.	0	3.1	5	0
Rotavirus Infections Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.	0	2.91	4	0
Retinal Degeneration A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304)	0	2.44	2	0
Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Chondrocalcinosis Presence of CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE in the connective tissues such as the cartilaginous structures of joints. When accompanied by GOUT-like symptoms, it is referred to as pseudogout.	0	2.69	3	0
Hyperactivity, Motor [description not available]	0	3.43	1	1
Mycoplasma dispar Infection [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Arterial Inflammation [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Buerger Disease [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Acid beta-Glucosidase Deficiency [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Gaucher Disease An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of neurological involvement.	0	2.05	1	0
Manganese Poisoning Manganese poisoning is associated with chronic inhalation of manganese particles by individuals who work with manganese ore. Clinical features include CONFUSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and an extrapyramidal syndrome (PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) that includes rigidity; DYSTONIA; retropulsion; and TREMOR. (Adams, Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1213)	0	2.46	2	0
Jaundice, Cholestatic [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Jaundice, Obstructive Jaundice, the condition with yellowish staining of the skin and mucous membranes, that is due to impaired BILE flow in the BILIARY TRACT, such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, or EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS.	0	2.73	3	0
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available]	0	11.36	48	5
Onchocerciasis Infection with nematodes of the genus ONCHOCERCA. Characteristics include the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules filled with adult worms, PRURITUS, and ocular lesions.	0	2.44	2	0
Retrolental Fibroplasia [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Retinopathy of Prematurity A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.67	3	0
Cruveilhier-Baumgarten Syndrome Liver cirrhosis with intrahepatic portal obstruction, HYPERTENSION, and patent UMBILICAL VEINS.	0	7.1	18	2
Hypertension, Portal Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN.	0	7.1	18	2
Cardiac Death [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Cumulative Trauma Disorders Harmful and painful condition caused by overuse or overexertion of some part of the musculoskeletal system, often resulting from work-related physical activities. It is characterized by inflammation, pain, or dysfunction of the involved joints, bones, ligaments, and nerves.	0	3.12	5	0
Corneal Angiogenesis [description not available]	0	2.93	4	0
Corneal Neovascularization New blood vessels originating from the corneal blood vessels and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.	0	2.93	4	0
Abscess Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection.	0	2.05	1	0
Menopause, Premature The premature cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) when the last menstrual period occurs in a woman under the age of 40. It is due to the depletion of OVARIAN FOLLICLES. Premature MENOPAUSE can be caused by diseases; OVARIECTOMY; RADIATION; chemicals; and chromosomal abnormalities.	0	2.05	1	0
Acute Onset Aura Migraine [description not available]	0	5.95	3	1
Migraine with Aura A subtype of migraine disorder, characterized by recurrent attacks of reversible neurological symptoms (aura) that precede or accompany the headache. Aura may include a combination of sensory disturbances, such as blurred VISION; HALLUCINATIONS; VERTIGO; NUMBNESS; and difficulty in concentrating and speaking. Aura is usually followed by features of the COMMON MIGRAINE, such as PHOTOPHOBIA; PHONOPHOBIA; and NAUSEA. (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)	0	5.95	3	1
Emergencies Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.	0	4.31	7	0
Abnormality, Heart [description not available]	0	5.33	22	0
Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.	0	5.33	22	0
Keratoacanthoma A benign, non-neoplastic, usually self-limiting epithelial lesion closely resembling squamous cell carcinoma clinically and histopathologically. It occurs in solitary, multiple, and eruptive forms. The solitary and multiple forms occur on sunlight exposed areas and are identical histologically; they affect primarily white males. The eruptive form usually involves both sexes and appears as a generalized papular eruption.	0	2.05	1	0
Orthopedic Disorders [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Musculoskeletal Diseases Diseases of the muscles and their associated ligaments and other connective tissue and of the bones and cartilage viewed collectively.	0	2.46	2	0
Middle Ear Inflammation [description not available]	0	3.59	9	0
Otitis Media Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.	0	3.59	9	0
Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea.	0	2.42	2	0
Eye Infections, Fungal Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.	0	2.05	1	0
Angiitis [description not available]	0	3.25	6	0
Vasculitis Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.	0	3.25	6	0
Koehler Disease [description not available]	0	3.43	1	1
Malabsorption Syndromes General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients.	0	4.7	2	1
Organophosphorus Poisoning [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Poisoning Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.	0	2.41	2	0
Organophosphate Poisoning Poisoning due to exposure to ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS, such as ORGANOPHOSPHATES; ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATES; and ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHONATES.	0	2.05	1	0
Sickle Cell Trait The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin S.	0	2.05	1	0
Embryopathies [description not available]	0	6.96	12	1
Placental Abruption [description not available]	0	7.91	4	0
Abruptio Placentae Premature separation of the normally implanted PLACENTA from the UTERUS. Signs of varying degree of severity include UTERINE BLEEDING, uterine MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, and FETAL DISTRESS or FETAL DEATH.	0	2.91	4	0
Pyometra An accumulation of PUS in the uterine cavity (UTERUS). Pyometra generally indicates the presence of infections.	0	2.05	1	0
Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia A benign form of endometrial hyperplasia with increased number of cells with atypia. The atypical cells are large and irregular and have an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. The risk of progression to endometrial carcinoma rises with the increasing degree of cell atypia.	0	2.05	1	0
Endometrial Hyperplasia Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending risk of becoming malignant.	0	2.05	1	0
Hansen Disease [description not available]	0	3.23	6	0
Leprosy A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid.	0	3.23	6	0
Infectious Endophthalmitis Infectious condition of the internal eye.	0	4.13	16	0
Endophthalmitis Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.	0	4.13	16	0
Erosive Duodenitis [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Duodenitis Inflammation of the DUODENUM section of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). Erosive duodenitis may cause bleeding in the UPPER GI TRACT and PEPTIC ULCER.	0	2.68	3	0
Abnormalities, Congenital [description not available]	0	7.66	14	2
Rhinitis, Allergic, Nonseasonal [description not available]	0	8.79	10	6
Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.	0	8.79	10	6
Contracture Prolonged shortening of the muscle or other soft tissue around a joint, preventing movement of the joint.	0	2.05	1	0
Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.	0	2.05	1	0
Sterility, Male [description not available]	0	3.39	7	0
Infertility, Male The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.	0	3.39	7	0
Chondrosarcoma A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.91	4	0
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease [description not available]	0	2.74	3	0
Lung Diseases, Interstitial A diverse group of lung diseases that affect the lung parenchyma. They are characterized by an initial inflammation of PULMONARY ALVEOLI that extends to the interstitium and beyond leading to diffuse PULMONARY FIBROSIS. Interstitial lung diseases are classified by their etiology (known or unknown causes), and radiological-pathological features.	0	2.74	3	0
Mastocytoma, Skin A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology.	0	2.05	1	0
Anguilluliasis [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Strongyloidiasis Infection with nematodes of the genus STRONGYLOIDES. The presence of larvae may produce pneumonitis and the presence of adult worms in the intestine could lead to moderate to severe diarrhea.	0	2.05	1	0
Leukemia P388 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.	0	3.48	8	0
Hypernatremia Excessive amount of sodium in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.05	1	0
Affective Disorders [description not available]	0	3.32	2	0
Mood Disorders Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.	0	3.32	2	0
Age-Related Macular Degeneration [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Macular Degeneration Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.	0	2.05	1	0
Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.	0	5.94	7	4
Hepatorenal Syndrome Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow, OLIGURIA, and sodium retention.	0	2.05	1	0
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Drying and inflammation of the conjunctiva as a result of insufficient lacrimal secretion. When found in association with XEROSTOMIA and polyarthritis, it is called SJOGREN'S SYNDROME.	0	2.05	1	0
Brain Hemorrhage [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Intracranial Hemorrhages Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.	0	2.47	2	0
Escherichia coli Meningitis [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Urination Disorders Abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding, including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the volume and composition of URINE.	0	6.56	5	4
Cancer, Second Primary [description not available]	0	4.36	1	1
Plasmodium vivax Malaria [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Malaria, Vivax Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM VIVAX. This form of malaria is less severe than MALARIA, FALCIPARUM, but there is a higher probability for relapses to occur. Febrile paroxysms often occur every other day.	0	2.41	2	0
Duodenal Diseases Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).	0	5.67	7	3
Bile Duct Obstruction, Extrahepatic [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Paralysis, Legs [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Paraplegia Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness.	0	2.69	3	0
Cornea Injuries [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Injuries, Eye [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Blunt Injuries [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Eye Injuries Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.	0	2.41	2	0
Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea.	0	3.49	8	0
Corneal Injuries Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external means.	0	2.41	2	0
Dentin Hypersensitivity [description not available]	0	3.89	1	0
Flushing A transient reddening of the face that may be due to fever, certain drugs, exertion, or stress.	0	2.91	4	0
Hypovolemic [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Antidiuretic Hormone, Inappropriate Secretion [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Inappropriate ADH Syndrome A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting from sustained release of ANTIDIURETIC HORMONES which stimulates renal resorption of water. It is characterized by normal KIDNEY function, high urine OSMOLALITY, low serum osmolality, and neurological dysfunction. Etiologies include ADH-producing neoplasms, injuries or diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the LUNG. This syndrome can also be drug-induced.	0	2.43	2	0
Hypovolemia An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).	0	2.06	1	0
Cicatrix, Hypertrophic An elevated scar, resembling a KELOID, but which does not spread into surrounding tissues. It is formed by enlargement and overgrowth of cicatricial tissue and regresses spontaneously.	0	2.43	2	0
Drug-Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.	0	2.05	1	0
Moraxella Infections [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Anoxia, Fetal [description not available]	0	5.25	12	0
Fetal Hypoxia Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD.	0	5.25	12	0
Asystole [description not available]	0	3.79	11	0
Shock, Cardiogenic Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in heart disease.	0	2.06	1	0
Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.	0	3.79	11	0
Adult Sandhoff Disease [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Sandhoff Disease An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from TAY-SACHS DISEASE.	0	2.73	3	0
Edema, Laryngeal [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Laryngitis Inflammation of the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA, including the VOCAL CORDS. Laryngitis is characterized by irritation, edema, and reduced pliability of the mucosa leading to VOICE DISORDERS such as APHONIA and HOARSENESS.	0	2.41	2	0
Laryngeal Edema Abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues of any part of the LARYNX, commonly associated with laryngeal injuries and allergic reactions.	0	2.06	1	0
Neoplasms, Squamous Cell Neoplasms of the SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in tissue composed of squamous elements.	0	2.06	1	0
Bone Inflammation [description not available]	0	3.38	7	0
Cafe-au-Lait Spots with Pulmonic Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Neoplasms, Nerve Sheath [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Neurofibromatosis 1 An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras (RAS PROTEINS).	0	2.06	1	0
Nerve Sheath Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from nerve sheaths formed by SCHWANN CELLS in the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM or by OLIGODENDROCYTES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, NEUROFIBROMA, and NEURILEMMOMA are relatively common tumors in this category.	0	2.06	1	0
Forestier-Certonciny Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.45	1	1
Polymyalgia Rheumatica A syndrome in the elderly characterized by proximal joint and muscle pain, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a self-limiting course. Pain is usually accompanied by evidence of an inflammatory reaction. Women are affected twice as commonly as men and Caucasians more frequently than other groups. The condition is frequently associated with GIANT CELL ARTERITIS and some theories pose the possibility that the two diseases arise from a single etiology or even that they are the same entity.	0	3.45	1	1
Celiac Sprue [description not available]	0	3.69	10	0
Celiac Disease A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.	0	3.69	10	0
Carotid Artery Narrowing [description not available]	0	4.9	4	2
Carotid Stenosis Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)	0	4.9	4	2
Chronic Bronchitis [description not available]	0	2.74	3	0
Bronchitis, Chronic A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of chronic bronchitis.	0	2.74	3	0
Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available]	0	5.22	19	0
Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)	0	5.22	19	0
Extravasation of Contrast Media [description not available]	0	5.56	6	1
Acquired-Immune Deficiency Syndrome Dementia Complex [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
AIDS Dementia Complex A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr 6;332(14):934-40)	0	2.7	3	0
Fusobacterium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus FUSOBACTERIUM.	0	2.41	2	0
Nasal Diseases [description not available]	0	3.45	1	1
Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.	0	2.44	2	0
Fracture, Pathologic [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Lymphogranuloma Inguinale [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Teratocarcinoma A malignant neoplasm consisting of elements of teratoma with those of embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma, or both. It occurs most often in the testis. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.06	1	0
Leukemia, Acute Monocytic [description not available]	0	3.09	5	0
Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.	0	3.09	5	0
Bronchiolitis Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.	0	3.11	5	0
Radius Fractures Fractures of the RADIUS.	0	2.44	2	0
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis [description not available]	0	3.09	5	0
Peritoneal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.	0	3.09	5	0
Calcification, Pathologic [description not available]	0	4.19	6	0
Calcinosis Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.	0	4.19	6	0
Cancer of Digestive System [description not available]	0	4.09	3	1
Digestive System Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.	0	4.09	3	1
Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Myotonic Dystrophy Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies. Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.	0	2.07	1	0
Neoplasms, Bronchial [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Pneumothorax, Primary Spontaneous [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Bronchial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.	0	2.06	1	0
Pneumothorax An accumulation of air or gas in the PLEURAL CAVITY, which may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or a pathological process. The gas may also be introduced deliberately during PNEUMOTHORAX, ARTIFICIAL.	0	2.06	1	0
Pain, Intractable Persistent pain that is refractory to some or all forms of treatment.	0	3.37	2	0
Disease Resistance The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.	0	2.07	1	0
Familial Precocious Puberty [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Puberty, Precocious Development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations below the mean age at onset of PUBERTY in the population. This early maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis results in sexual precocity, elevated serum levels of GONADOTROPINS and GONADAL STEROID HORMONES such as ESTRADIOL and TESTOSTERONE.	0	2.06	1	0
Adenoma, beta-Cell [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Insulinoma A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.	0	2.44	2	0
Inflammatory Breast Cancer [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms Metastatic breast cancer characterized by EDEMA and ERYTHEMA of the affected breast due to LYMPHATIC METASTASIS and eventual obstruction of LYMPHATIC VESSELS by the cancer cells.	0	2.06	1	0
Coagulation, Disseminated Intravascular [description not available]	0	5.82	8	0
Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.	0	5.82	8	0
Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial cases.	0	2.06	1	0
Neurovisceral Storage Disease with Vertical Supranuclear Ophthalmoplegia [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia ancestry.	0	2.07	1	0
Bronchiolitis, Exudative [description not available]	0	2.48	2	0
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES leading to an obstructive lung disease. Bronchioles are characterized by fibrous granulation tissue with bronchial exudates in the lumens. Clinical features include a nonproductive cough and DYSPNEA.	0	2.48	2	0
Ear Diseases Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body.	0	3.69	10	0
Clubbed Fingers [description not available]	0	4.04	5	0
Esophagitis INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.	0	6.1	11	1
AIDS Seroconversion [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Coxsackie Virus Infections [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Lethargy A general state of sluggishness, listless, or uninterested, with being tired, and having difficulty concentrating and doing simple tasks. It may be related to DEPRESSION or DRUG ADDICTION.	0	2.06	1	0
Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available]	0	3.68	10	0
Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.	0	3.68	10	0
Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	0	10.11	77	7
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary Sarcoidosis affecting predominantly the lungs, the site most frequently involved and most commonly causing morbidity and mortality in sarcoidosis. Pulmonary sarcoidosis is characterized by sharply circumscribed granulomas in the alveolar, bronchial, and vascular walls, composed of tightly packed cells derived from the mononuclear phagocyte system. The clinical symptoms when present are dyspnea upon exertion, nonproductive cough, and wheezing. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p431)	0	2.42	2	0
Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome A nonfamilial polyposis syndrome that is characterized by the presence of diffuse gastrointestinal polyposis, DIARRHEA, and PROTEIN-LOSING ENTEROPATHY. It was first reported by Cronkhite and Canada in 1955.	0	3.4	2	0
Adenomatous Polyps Benign neoplasms derived from glandular epithelium. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	5.57	3	2
Foreign-Body Migration Migration of a foreign body from its original location to some other location in the body.	0	2.07	1	0
Heart Valve Diseases Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE).	0	2.68	3	0
Brucella Infection [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Brucellosis Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.	0	2.07	1	0
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.07	1	0
Acantholytic Dyskeratotic Epidermal Nevi [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Oral Submucous Fibrosis Irreversible FIBROSIS of the submucosal tissue of the MOUTH.	0	2.08	1	0
Infections, Pneumococcal [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Pneumococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.	0	2.92	4	0
CBS Deficiency [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Homocystinuria Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus, SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)	0	2.07	1	0
Axonotmesis [description not available]	0	2.99	1	0
Trauma, Nervous System Traumatic injuries to the brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, or neuromuscular system, including iatrogenic injuries induced by surgical procedures.	0	2.99	1	0
Vaccinia The cutaneous and occasional systemic reactions associated with vaccination using smallpox (variola) vaccine.	0	2.07	1	0
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Gonorrhea Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.	0	2.07	1	0
Acromegaly Due To Pituitary Adenoma [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Adenoma, Prolactin-Secreting, Pituitary [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Abortion, Veterinary Premature expulsion of the FETUS in animals.	0	2.71	3	0
Placenta Diseases Pathological processes or abnormal functions of the PLACENTA.	0	2.91	4	0
Anti-Phospholipid Antibody Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Antiphospholipid Syndrome The presence of antibodies directed against phospholipids (ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID). The condition is associated with a variety of diseases, notably systemic lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases, thrombopenia, and arterial or venous thromboses. In pregnancy it can cause abortion. Of the phospholipids, the cardiolipins show markedly elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ANTIBODIES, ANTICARDIOLIPIN). Present also are high levels of lupus anticoagulant (LUPUS COAGULATION INHIBITOR).	0	2.07	1	0
Nephrocalcinosis A condition characterized by calcification of the renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	0	4.47	5	1
Ewing Sarcoma [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Sarcoma, Ewing A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones. The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as frequently in males as in females.	0	2.68	3	0
Hypermyotonia [description not available]	0	11.32	16	16
Adolescent Gynecomastia [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development Congenital conditions in individuals with a female karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical sex is atypical.	0	2.07	1	0
Gynecomastia Enlargement of the BREAST in the males, caused by an excess of ESTROGENS. Physiological gynecomastia is normally observed in NEWBORNS; ADOLESCENT; and AGING males.	0	2.07	1	0
Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero.	0	2.07	1	0
Basophilic Leukemia, Acute [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the primary differentiation is to BASOPHILS. It is characterized by an extreme increase of immature basophilic granulated cells in the bone marrow and blood. Mature basophils are usually sparse.	0	2.43	2	0
Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.	0	5.18	6	2
Acute Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting The most common clinical variant of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations of neurologic dysfunction followed by partial or complete recovery. Common clinical manifestations include loss of visual (see OPTIC NEURITIS), motor, sensory, or bladder function. Acute episodes of demyelination may occur at any site in the central nervous system, and commonly involve the optic nerves, spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebellum. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)	0	2.45	2	0
Indigestion [description not available]	0	4.47	5	1
Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating.	0	4.47	5	1
Blastocyst Disintegration [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Infection, Wound [description not available]	0	4.01	5	0
Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.	0	3.1	5	0
Hyperoxia An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.	0	3.26	6	0
Abnormalities, Sex Chromosome [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Sex Chromosome DSD [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.	0	2.08	1	0
Rupture Forcible or traumatic tear or break of an organ or other soft part of the body.	0	2.08	1	0
Acquired Laryngeal Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Disorder, Borderline Personality [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Borderline Personality Disorder A personality disorder marked by a pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. (DSM-IV)	0	2.07	1	0
Blood Loss, Postoperative [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane into the surrounding stroma.	0	2.45	2	0
Urethral Obstruction Partial or complete blockage in any part of the URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void.	0	2.41	2	0
Meniscitis [description not available]	0	3.86	4	0
Myoma A benign neoplasm of muscular tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.07	1	0
Extramembranous Glomerulopathy [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Glomerulonephritis, Membranous A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane.	0	2.46	2	0
Neuritis A general term indicating inflammation of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include PAIN; PARESTHESIAS; PARESIS; or HYPESTHESIA.	0	2.42	2	0
Blast Phase [description not available]	0	3.65	3	0
Blast Crisis An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia, characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to greater than 30%.	0	3.65	3	0
Chronic Primary Open Angle Glaucoma [description not available]	0	3.85	4	0
Glaucoma, Suspect [description not available]	0	4.62	6	0
Glaucoma, Open-Angle Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iris.	0	3.85	4	0
Ocular Hypertension A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma.	0	4.62	6	0
Cervix Incompetence [description not available]	0	15.53	70	68
Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.	0	7.73	35	2
Colonic Inertia Symptom characterized by the passage of stool once a week or less.	0	2.42	2	0
Constipation Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections.	0	2.42	2	0
Dermatomycoses Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.	0	2.01	1	0
Ectopic Pregnancy [description not available]	0	7.54	12	3
Pregnancy, Ectopic A potentially life-threatening condition in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most ectopic pregnancies (	0	7.54	12	3
Bends [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Central Nervous System Lyme Disease [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Femoral Fractures Fractures of the femur.	0	3.61	9	0
Cancer of Testis [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.	0	2.67	3	0
Genito-urinary Cancer [description not available]	0	4.28	4	0
Urogenital Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.	0	4.28	4	0
Hyperparathyroidism A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	3.81	4	0
Hibernation, Myocardial [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Dementias, Transmissible [description not available]	0	4.5	5	0
Precordial Catch [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Chest Pain Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.	0	2.01	1	0
Pachymeningitis [description not available]	0	4.28	4	1
Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)	0	4.28	4	1
Arrhythmia, Sinoatrial [description not available]	0	3.77	2	1
Amyotrophy, Thenar, Of Carpal Origin [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Entrapment of the MEDIAN NERVE in the carpal tunnel, which is formed by the flexor retinaculum and the CARPAL BONES. This syndrome may be associated with repetitive occupational trauma (CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS); wrist injuries; AMYLOID NEUROPATHIES; rheumatoid arthritis (see ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID); ACROMEGALY; PREGNANCY; and other conditions. Symptoms include burning pain and paresthesias involving the ventral surface of the hand and fingers which may radiate proximally. Impairment of sensation in the distribution of the median nerve and thenar muscle atrophy may occur. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p45)	0	2.7	3	0
Gulf War Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Persian Gulf Syndrome Unexplained symptoms reported by veterans of the Persian Gulf War with Iraq in 1991. The symptoms reported include fatigue, skin rash, muscle and joint pain, headaches, loss of memory, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms, and extreme sensitivity to commonly occurring chemicals. (Nature 1994 May 5;369(6475):8)	0	2.01	1	0
Bile Duct Cysts [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Shoulder Injuries Injuries involving the SHOULDERS and SHOULDER JOINT.	0	2.01	1	0
Abnormality, Torsion [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Closed Head Injuries [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Placental Insufficiency Failure of the PLACENTA to deliver an adequate supply of nutrients and OXYGEN to the FETUS.	0	2.39	2	0
Ovine Diseases [description not available]	0	4.49	5	1
Actinomycetales Infections Infections with bacteria of the order ACTINOMYCETALES.	0	2.42	2	0
Antibody Deficiency Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.8	12	0
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.	0	5.8	12	0
Chronic Idiopathic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction A type of ILEUS, a functional not mechanical obstruction of the INTESTINES. This syndrome is caused by a large number of disorders involving the smooth muscles (MUSCLE, SMOOTH) or the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	0	2.01	1	0
Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	3.58	3	0
Pleural Effusion Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself.	0	4.99	15	0
Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.	0	3.58	3	0
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available]	0	4.41	8	0
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.	0	4.41	8	0
Pancreatic Diseases Pathological processes of the PANCREAS.	0	2.41	2	0
Bacteroides Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES.	0	3.25	6	0
Marchiafava-Micheli Syndrome [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal A condition characterized by the recurrence of HEMOGLOBINURIA caused by intravascular HEMOLYSIS. In cases occurring upon cold exposure (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria), usually after infections, there is a circulating antibody which is also a cold hemolysin. In cases occurring during or after sleep (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria), the clonal hematopoietic stem cells exhibit a global deficiency of cell membrane proteins.	0	2	1	0
Chylopericardium [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Pericardial Effusion Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.	0	2.01	1	0
Autosomal Recessive Chronic Granulomatous Disease [description not available]	0	3.31	2	0
Granulomatous Disease, Chronic A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.	0	3.31	2	0
Gallstone Disease [description not available]	0	6.64	11	2
Cholelithiasis Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, usually in the gallbladder (CHOLECYSTOLITHIASIS) or the common bile duct (CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS).	0	6.64	11	2
Myofascial Trigger Point Pain [description not available]	0	3.4	1	1
Myofascial Pain Syndromes Muscular pain in numerous body regions that can be reproduced by pressure on TRIGGER POINTS, localized hardenings in skeletal muscle tissue. Pain is referred to a location distant from the trigger points. A prime example is the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME.	0	3.4	1	1
Empyema, Gall Bladder [description not available]	0	5.62	18	1
Cholecystitis Inflammation of the GALLBLADDER; generally caused by impairment of BILE flow, GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, infections, or other diseases.	0	5.62	18	1
Alcoholic Intoxication An acute brain syndrome which results from the excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.	0	2.39	2	0
Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes.	0	2.01	1	0
Hyphema Bleeding in the anterior chamber of the eye.	0	7.01	1	0
Interstitial Cell Tumor [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Gingival Pocket An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus not accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment.	0	3.83	4	0
Torsade de Pointes [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available]	0	3.5	8	0
Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).	0	3.5	8	0
Soft Tissue Neoplasms Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc.	0	2.01	1	0
Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal A form of RHABDOMYOSARCOMA arising primarily in the head and neck, especially the orbit, of children below the age of 10. The cells are smaller than those of other rhabdomyosarcomas and are of two basic cell types: spindle cells and round cells. This cancer is highly sensitive to chemotherapy and has a high cure rate with multi-modality therapy. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2188)	0	2.01	1	0
Abortion, Missed The retention in the UTERUS of a dead FETUS two months or more after its DEATH.	0	7.53	12	5
Berger Disease [description not available]	0	4.3	4	1
Infections, Respirovirus [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Glomerulonephritis, IGA A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE.	0	4.3	4	1
Gynandroblastoma A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor, composed of cells of both the OVARY and the TESTIS. It produces both male and female GONADAL STEROID HORMONES.	0	2.01	1	0
Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors Neoplasms derived from the primitive sex cord or gonadal stromal cells of the embryonic GONADS. They are classified by their presumed histogenesis and differentiation. From the sex cord, there are SERTOLI CELL TUMOR and GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR; from the gonadal stroma, LEYDIG CELL TUMOR and THECOMA. These tumors may be identified in either the OVARY or the TESTIS.	0	2.01	1	0
Aberrant Tissue [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Colonic Diseases Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	4	5	0
Cadmium Poisoning Poisoning occurring after exposure to cadmium compounds or fumes. It may cause gastrointestinal syndromes, anemia, or pneumonitis.	0	2.41	2	0
Abdominal Injuries General or unspecified injuries involving organs in the abdominal cavity.	0	2.01	1	0
Exophthalmos Abnormal protrusion of both eyes; may be caused by endocrine gland malfunction, malignancy, injury, or paralysis of the extrinsic muscles of the eye.	0	2.93	1	0
Infections, Plasmodium [description not available]	0	3.11	5	0
Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.	0	3.11	5	0
Hypokalemia Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.86	8	1
African Lymphoma [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available]	0	3.8	4	0
Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.	0	2.91	4	0
Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.	0	3.8	4	0
Niemann-Pick Disease [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Niemann-Pick Diseases A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based on their clinical and genetic differences.	0	2.02	1	0
Spinal Diseases Diseases involving the SPINE.	0	2.72	3	0
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating A slowly progressive autoimmune demyelinating disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Clinical manifestations include weakness and sensory loss in the extremities and enlargement of peripheral nerves. The course may be relapsing-remitting or demonstrate a step-wise progression. Protein is usually elevated in the spinal fluid and cranial nerves are typically spared. GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME features a relatively rapid progression of disease which distinguishes it from this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1337)	0	2.01	1	0
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System Disorders caused by cellular or humoral immune responses primarily directed towards nervous system autoantigens. The immune response may be directed towards specific tissue components (e.g., myelin) and may be limited to the central nervous system (e.g., MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS) or the peripheral nervous system (e.g., GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME).	0	2.02	1	0
Cocaine Abuse [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Cocaine-Related Disorders Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine.	0	2.01	1	0
Laryngeal Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LARYNX which coordinates many functions such as voice production, breathing, swallowing, and coughing.	0	2.02	1	0
Salmonella Infections, Animal Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.	0	3.49	8	0
Cerebral Malaria [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Aneuploid [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Cancer of Penis [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Penile Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component tissues.	0	2.02	1	0
Alopecia Circumscripta [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Alopecia Areata Loss of scalp and body hair involving microscopically inflammatory patchy areas.	0	2.42	2	0
Adrenocortical Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic (ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism (CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.	0	2.02	1	0
Adrenal Cancer [description not available]	0	5.66	7	1
Cushing's Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.43	8	2
Aldosteronism [description not available]	0	5.23	12	1
Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available]	0	5.54	6	1
Cushing Syndrome A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.	0	5.43	8	2
Hyperaldosteronism A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA.	0	5.23	12	1
Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298)	0	5.54	6	1
Biliary Calculi [description not available]	0	3.84	4	0
Choledocholithiasis Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the COMMON BILE DUCT.	0	2.01	1	0
Gallstones Solid crystalline precipitates in the BILIARY TRACT, usually formed in the GALLBLADDER, resulting in the condition of CHOLELITHIASIS. Gallstones, derived from the BILE, consist mainly of calcium, cholesterol, or bilirubin.	0	3.84	4	0
Erythrocytosis [description not available]	0	3.77	2	1
Right Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available]	0	3.4	1	1
Cerebral Palsy, Athetoid [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Cerebral Palsy A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)	0	2.43	2	0
Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)	0	2.38	2	0
Cryptosporidium Infection [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Cryptosporidiosis Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms include severe DIARRHEA.	0	2.91	4	0
Plasma Cell Tumor [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Plasmacytoma Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites.	0	2.68	3	0
Remission, Spontaneous A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.	0	2.4	2	0
Respiratory Syndrome, Acute, Severe [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.	0	2.02	1	0
Infections, Nematomorpha [description not available]	0	2.93	1	0
Helminthiasis Infestation with parasitic worms of the helminth class.	0	2.93	1	0
Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Virus [description not available]	0	3.1	5	0
Bronchiolitis, Viral An acute inflammatory disease of the lower RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.	0	2.02	1	0
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Pneumovirus infections caused by the RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have been reported.	0	3.1	5	0
Male Genital Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.93	1	0
Genital Neoplasms, Male Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA.	0	2.93	1	0
Infections, Legionella pneumophila [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Myositis Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.	0	2.69	3	0
AIDS, Murine [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Muscle Spasm [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Spasm An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.	0	2.67	3	0
Hypertension, Renal Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.	0	4.27	19	0
Uveal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UVEA.	0	2.41	2	0
Bronchial Pneumonia [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Proctitis INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM, the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	2.4	2	0
Intraepithelial Prostatic Neoplasia [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia A premalignant change arising in the prostatic epithelium, regarded as the most important and most likely precursor of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The neoplasia takes the form of an intra-acinar or ductal proliferation of secretory cells with unequivocal nuclear anaplasia, which corresponds to nuclear grade 2 and 3 invasive prostate cancer.	0	2.42	2	0
Chondromalacia Softening and degeneration of the CARTILAGE.	0	2.93	1	0
Cartilage Diseases Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (CARTILAGE).	0	2.93	1	0
Fasting Hypoglycemia HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast.	0	3.09	5	0
Hypoglycemia A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH.	0	3.09	5	0
Diabetes Insipidus A disease that is characterized by frequent urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst.	0	5.62	30	0
Hypercoagulability [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Thrombophilia A disorder of HEMOSTASIS in which there is a tendency for the occurrence of THROMBOSIS.	0	2.02	1	0
Biliary Cirrhosis [description not available]	0	2.9	4	0
Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes.	0	2.9	4	0
Adrenal Gland Diseases Pathological processes of the ADRENAL GLANDS.	0	3.78	2	1
Corneal Edema An excessive amount of fluid in the cornea due to damage of the epithelium or endothelium causing decreased visual acuity.	0	2.69	3	0
Central Diabetes Insipidus [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder caused by a deficiency of VASOPRESSINS secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. Clinical signs include the excretion of large volumes of dilute URINE; HYPERNATREMIA; THIRST; and polydipsia. Etiologies include HEAD TRAUMA; surgeries and diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS and the PITUITARY GLAND. This disorder may also be caused by mutations of genes such as ARVP encoding vasopressin and its corresponding neurophysin (NEUROPHYSINS).	0	2.94	1	0
Arrhythmia [description not available]	0	5.69	14	0
Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	0	5.69	14	0
Actinobacillus Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOBACILLUS.	0	3.82	2	1
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Inappropriate Secretion [description not available]	0	3.41	1	1
Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secreted. This leads to hypersecretion of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) by the ADRENAL GLANDS resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME.	0	3.41	1	1
EHS Tumor [description not available]	0	5.14	18	0
Deficiency, Protein [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.	0	2.02	1	0
Abnormal Deep Tendon Reflex [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Reflex, Abnormal An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes.	0	2.43	2	0
Leukemic Infiltration A pathologic change in leukemia in which leukemic cells permeate various organs at any stage of the disease. All types of leukemia show various degrees of infiltration, depending upon the type of leukemia. The degree of infiltration may vary from site to site. The liver and spleen are common sites of infiltration, the greatest appearing in myelocytic leukemia, but infiltration is seen also in the granulocytic and lymphocytic types. The kidney is also a common site and of the gastrointestinal system, the stomach and ileum are commonly involved. In lymphocytic leukemia the skin is often infiltrated. The central nervous system too is a common site.	0	2.02	1	0
Aspiration, Meconium [description not available]	0	3.79	2	1
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome A condition caused by inhalation of MECONIUM into the LUNG of FETUS or NEWBORN, usually due to vigorous respiratory movements during difficult PARTURITION or respiratory system abnormalities. Meconium aspirate may block small airways leading to difficulties in PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE and ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA.	0	3.79	2	1
Sclerosis A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve.	0	2.39	2	0
Injuries, Knee [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Knee Injuries Injuries to the knee or the knee joint.	0	2.69	3	0
Enuresis Involuntary discharge of URINE after expected age of completed development of urinary control. This can happen during the daytime (DIURNAL ENURESIS) while one is awake or during sleep (NOCTURNAL ENURESIS). Enuresis can be in children or in adults (as persistent primary enuresis and secondary adult-onset enuresis).	0	4.3	4	1
Suffocation [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Panic Attacks [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Asphyxia A pathological condition caused by lack of oxygen, manifested in impending or actual cessation of life.	0	2.91	4	0
Panic Disorder A type of anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected panic attacks that last minutes or, rarely, hours. Panic attacks begin with intense apprehension, fear or terror and, often, a feeling of impending doom. Symptoms experienced during a panic attack include dyspnea or sensations of being smothered; dizziness, loss of balance or faintness; choking sensations; palpitations or accelerated heart rate; shakiness; sweating; nausea or other form of abdominal distress; depersonalization or derealization; paresthesias; hot flashes or chills; chest discomfort or pain; fear of dying and fear of not being in control of oneself or going crazy. Agoraphobia may also develop. Similar to other anxiety disorders, it may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.	0	2.02	1	0
Acute Cholecystitis [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Cholecystitis, Acute Acute inflammation of the GALLBLADDER wall. It is characterized by the presence of ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and LEUKOCYTOSIS. Gallstone obstruction of the CYSTIC DUCT is present in approximately 90% of the cases.	0	2.02	1	0
Mandibular Diseases Diseases involving the MANDIBLE.	0	2.43	2	0
Cranial Nerve II Injuries [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Brain Damage, Chronic A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.	0	2.7	3	0
Angioneurotic Edema [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Hives [description not available]	0	5.78	8	1
Angioedema Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.	0	2.94	1	0
Urticaria A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress.	0	5.78	8	1
Angiitis, Central Nervous System [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Infections, Retroviridae [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Central Nervous System Viral Diseases Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord, meninges, or perimeningeal spaces.	0	2.02	1	0
Retroviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the RETROVIRIDAE.	0	2.02	1	0
Germinoblastoma [description not available]	0	5.02	16	0
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	0	5.02	16	0
Anterior Cervical Pain [description not available]	0	4.73	2	1
Neck Pain Discomfort or more intense forms of pain that are localized to the cervical region. This term generally refers to pain in the posterior or lateral regions of the neck.	0	4.73	2	1
Shoulder Pain Unilateral or bilateral pain of the shoulder. It is often caused by physical activities such as work or sports participation, but may also be pathologic in origin.	0	2.43	2	0
Fetal Macrosomia A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by pre-existing diabetes mellitus.	0	3.79	2	1
Respiratory Tract Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	0	2.94	1	0
Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.	0	4.84	13	0
Blood Diseases [description not available]	0	3.41	1	1
Hematologic Diseases Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.	0	3.41	1	1
Jaw Diseases Diseases involving the JAW.	0	2.39	2	0
Keratocysts [description not available]	0	2.9	4	0
Allergy, Milk [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Milk Hypersensitivity Allergic reaction to milk (usually cow's milk) or milk products. MILK HYPERSENSITIVITY should be differentiated from LACTOSE INTOLERANCE, an intolerance to milk as a result of congenital deficiency of lactase.	0	2.02	1	0
Frigidity [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological Disturbances in sexual desire and the psychophysiologic changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause marked distress and interpersonal difficulty. (APA, DSM-IV, 1994)	0	2.02	1	0
Facial Injuries General or unspecified injuries to the soft tissue or bony portions of the face.	0	3.41	1	1
Mandibular Fractures Fractures of the lower jaw.	0	3.41	1	1
Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Pus [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Dental Fistula An abnormal passage in the oral cavity on the gingiva.	0	2.02	1	0
Osteophytosis, Spinal [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Hemisensory Neglect [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Perceptual Disorders Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes, where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body.	0	2.02	1	0
Oliguria Decreased URINE output that is below the normal range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age.	0	2.02	1	0
Anovulation Suspension or cessation of OVULATION in animals or humans with follicle-containing ovaries (OVARIAN FOLLICLE). Depending on the etiology, OVULATION may be induced with appropriate therapy.	0	3.33	2	0
Allergic Alveolitis, Extrinsic [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic A common interstitial lung disease caused by hypersensitivity reactions of PULMONARY ALVEOLI after inhalation of and sensitization to environmental antigens of microbial, animal, or chemical sources. The disease is characterized by lymphocytic alveolitis and granulomatous pneumonitis.	0	2.4	2	0
Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available]	0	3.47	8	0
Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.	0	3.47	8	0
Microsatellite Instability The occurrence of highly polymorphic mono- and dinucleotide MICROSATELLITE REPEATS in somatic cells. It is a form of genome instability associated with defects in DNA MISMATCH REPAIR.	0	2.03	1	0
CKD-MBD [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3 synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.	0	2.94	1	0
Hypophosphatemia A condition of an abnormally low level of PHOSPHATES in the blood.	0	2.94	1	0
Ectoparasitic Infestations Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites are ARTHROPODS.	0	2.03	1	0
Keloid A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar (CICATRIX, HYPERTROPHIC) in that the former does not spread to surrounding tissues.	0	3.1	5	0
Hepatic Insufficiency Conditions in which the LIVER functions fall below the normal ranges. Severe hepatic insufficiency may cause LIVER FAILURE or DEATH. Treatment may include LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.	0	2.03	1	0
Back Ache [description not available]	0	4.33	1	1
Back Pain Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions.	0	4.33	1	1
Hyperthyroid [description not available]	0	3.37	7	0
Hyperthyroidism Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.	0	3.37	7	0
Absence Seizure Disorder [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Epilepsy, Absence A seizure disorder usually occurring in childhood characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized onset. Clinical features include a sudden cessation of ongoing activity usually without loss of postural tone. Rhythmic blinking of the eyelids or lip smacking frequently accompanies the SEIZURES. The usual duration is 5-10 seconds, and multiple episodes may occur daily. Juvenile absence epilepsy is characterized by the juvenile onset of absence seizures and an increased incidence of myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p736)	0	2.03	1	0
Bladder Calculi [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Gasser Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome A syndrome that is associated with microvascular diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC); THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.	0	2.03	1	0
Genetic Diseases, X-Chromosome Linked [description not available]	0	4.74	2	1
Generalized Resistance To 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D [description not available]	0	4.74	2	1
Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets A hereditary disorder characterized by HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive variants have been reported.	0	4.74	2	1
Cystic Echinococcosis [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Bedwetting [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Nocturnal Enuresis Involuntary discharge of URINE during sleep at night after expected age of completed development of urinary control.	0	2.03	1	0
Morphine Abuse [description not available]	0	3.08	5	0
Morphine Dependence Strong dependence, both physiological and emotional, upon morphine.	0	3.08	5	0
Common Bile Duct Diseases Diseases of the COMMON BILE DUCT including the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.	0	2.03	1	0
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic An autosomal dominant vascular anomaly characterized by telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes and by recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. This disorder is caused by mutations of a gene (on chromosome 9q3) which encodes endoglin, a membrane glycoprotein that binds TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA.	0	2.03	1	0
Peripheral Nerve Injury [description not available]	0	4.08	3	0
Peripheral Nerve Injuries Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.	0	4.08	3	0
Leukocytosis A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid.	0	3.23	6	0
Mouth Diseases Diseases involving the MOUTH.	0	4.88	8	1
Pemphigus Foliaceus [description not available]	0	4.07	3	1
Pemphigus Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the EPIDERMIS.	0	4.07	3	1
Pleural Effusion, Malignant Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions often contain actual malignant cells.	0	2.03	1	0
Staphylococcal Pneumonia [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Pneumonia, Staphylococcal Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.	0	2.03	1	0
Marasmus [description not available]	0	3.08	5	0
Protein-Energy Malnutrition The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient losses.	0	3.08	5	0
Ileitis Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE.	0	3.25	6	0
Erythroblastosis Fetalis [description not available]	0	3.82	2	1
Enzootic Pneumonia of Pigs [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Bacterial Meningitides [description not available]	0	3.61	3	0
Meningitis, Bacterial Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex, cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots.	0	3.61	3	0
Hirsutism A condition observed in WOMEN and CHILDREN when there is excess coarse body hair of an adult male distribution pattern, such as facial and chest areas. It is the result of elevated ANDROGENS from the OVARIES, the ADRENAL GLANDS, or exogenous sources. The concept does not include HYPERTRICHOSIS, which is an androgen-independent excessive hair growth.	0	2.03	1	0
Hypertrichosis Excessive hair growth at inappropriate locations, such as on the extremities, the head, and the back. It is caused by genetic or acquired factors, and is an androgen-independent process. This concept does not include HIRSUTISM which is an androgen-dependent excess hair growth in WOMEN and CHILDREN.	0	2.03	1	0
Abnormalities, Multiple Congenital abnormalities that affect more than one organ or body structure.	0	5.21	4	0
Eisenmenger Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.86	1	0
Eisenmenger Complex A condition associated with VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT and other congenital heart defects that allow the mixing of pulmonary and systemic circulation, increase blood flow into the lung, and subsequent responses to low oxygen in blood. This complex is characterized by progressive PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; HYPERTROPHY of the RIGHT VENTRICLE; CYANOSIS; and ERYTHROCYTOSIS.	0	3.86	1	0
Maxillary Diseases Diseases involving the MAXILLA.	0	2.03	1	0
Deafness, Sudden Complete sensorineural hearing loss which develops suddenly over a period of hours or a few days.	0	2.03	1	0
Collagen Diseases Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)	0	3.59	3	0
7-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase Deficiency [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol. This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.	0	2.03	1	0
Hepatitis, Animal INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.	0	2.68	3	0
Alcohol Abuse [description not available]	0	6.83	15	1
Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)	0	6.83	15	1
Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Arthritis, Juvenile Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent.	0	2.03	1	0
Vaginal Discharge A common gynecologic disorder characterized by an abnormal, nonbloody discharge from the genital tract.	0	3.41	1	1
Femur Neck Fractures [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Femoral Neck Fractures Fractures of the short, constricted portion of the thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters. It excludes intertrochanteric fractures which are HIP FRACTURES.	0	2.03	1	0
Fractures, Ununited A fracture in which union fails to occur, the ends of the bone becoming rounded and eburnated, and a false joint occurs. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	5.07	5	0
Carotid Artery Thrombosis Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.	0	2.03	1	0
Reproductive Sterility [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Infertility A reduced or absent capacity to reproduce.	0	2.41	2	0
Spinal Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the SPINE.	0	2.03	1	0
Urinary Lithiasis [description not available]	0	2.95	1	0
Urolithiasis Formation of stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT, usually in the KIDNEY; URINARY BLADDER; or the URETER.	0	2.95	1	0
Rida [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Urethral Diseases Pathological processes involving the URETHRA.	0	2.03	1	0
Schwartzman Phenomenon [description not available]	0	3.81	4	0
Cancer of Gallbladder [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Gallbladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.	0	2.92	4	0
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic [description not available]	0	5.54	6	1
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.	0	5.54	6	1
Aortic Aneurysm, Ruptured [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Abdominal Cramps [description not available]	0	4.76	7	1
Hepatitis, Viral, Non-A, Non-B, Parenterally-Transmitted [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Hepatitis C INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.	0	2.69	3	0
Jaw, Edentulous The total absence of teeth from either the mandible or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW, EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.	0	2.42	2	0
Ciliophora Infections Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.	0	2.03	1	0
Epulides [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Gingival Diseases Diseases involving the GINGIVA.	0	2.42	2	0
Infections, Ureaplasma [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Hay Fever [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.	0	2.03	1	0
Alcohol Abuse, Nervous System [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Haemophilus Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.	0	2.41	2	0
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240)	0	2.42	2	0
Cancer of Nose [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Absence of Brain, Congenital [description not available]	0	3.59	3	0
Central Hypothyroidism [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Hypothyroidism A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.	0	2.68	3	0
Aortitis Inflammation of the wall of the AORTA.	0	2.03	1	0
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is often attributed to PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.	0	2.04	1	0
Deficiency, Thiamine [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Beriberi, Cerebral [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Thiamine Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of THIAMINE in the diet, characterized by anorexia, irritability, and weight loss. Later, patients experience weakness, peripheral neuropathy, headache, and tachycardia. In addition to being caused by a poor diet, thiamine deficiency in the United States most commonly occurs as a result of alcoholism, since ethanol interferes with thiamine absorption. In countries relying on polished rice as a dietary staple, BERIBERI prevalence is very high. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1171)	0	2.04	1	0
Left Heart Hypoplasia Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Atresia, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Atresia, Esophageal [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Esophageal Atresia Congenital abnormality characterized by the lack of full development of the ESOPHAGUS that commonly occurs with TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA. Symptoms include excessive SALIVATION; GAGGING; CYANOSIS; and DYSPNEA.	0	2.04	1	0
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome A condition caused by underdevelopment of the whole left half of the heart. It is characterized by hypoplasia of the left cardiac chambers (HEART ATRIUM; HEART VENTRICLE), the AORTA, the AORTIC VALVE, and the MITRAL VALVE. Severe symptoms appear in early infancy when DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS closes.	0	2.04	1	0
Decapitation Traumatic or experimentally induced separation of the head from the body in an animal or human.	0	2.04	1	0
Hypospermatogenesis [description not available]	0	3.77	2	1
Acantholysis Bullosa [description not available]	0	3.06	5	0
Epidermolysis Bullosa Group of genetically determined disorders characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic. Each of the latter three has several varieties.	0	3.06	5	0
Experimental Leukemia [description not available]	0	3.84	12	0
Giant Cell Tumors Tumors of bone tissue or synovial or other soft tissue characterized by the presence of giant cells. The most common are giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and GIANT CELL TUMOR OF BONE.	0	2.66	3	0
Icterus Gravis Neonatorum [description not available]	0	4.95	3	1
Jaundice, Neonatal Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders, particularly LIVER DISEASES.	0	4.95	3	1
Colonic Diseases, Functional Chronic or recurrent colonic disorders without an identifiable structural or biochemical explanation. The widely recognized IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME falls into this category.	0	8.45	12	3
Alactasia [description not available]	0	4.26	1	1
Lactose Intolerance The condition resulting from the absence or deficiency of LACTASE in the MUCOSA cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, and the inability to break down LACTOSE in milk for ABSORPTION. Bacterial fermentation of the unabsorbed lactose leads to symptoms that range from a mild indigestion (DYSPEPSIA) to severe DIARRHEA. Lactose intolerance may be an inborn error or acquired.	0	4.26	1	1
Achlorhydria A lack of HYDROCHLORIC ACID in GASTRIC JUICE despite stimulation of gastric secretion.	0	2.37	2	0
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA). This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.	0	2.88	1	0
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.	0	3.07	5	0
Cholesteatoma A non-neoplastic mass of keratin-producing squamous EPITHELIUM, frequently occurring in the MENINGES; bones of the skull, and most commonly in the MIDDLE EAR and MASTOID region. Cholesteatoma can be congenital or acquired. Cholesteatoma is not a tumor nor is it associated with high CHOLESTEROL.	0	3.22	6	0
Bunostomiasis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Hookworm Infections Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which the specific terms ANCYLOSTOMIASIS and NECATORIASIS are available.	0	1.96	1	0
Acquired Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.	0	1.96	1	0
Mast-Cell Sarcoma A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone marrow.	0	3.92	13	0
Coronary Artery Vasospasm [description not available]	0	3.23	6	0
Coronary Vasospasm Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries.	0	3.23	6	0
Thromboembolism Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.	0	3.59	3	0
Hyperesthesia Increased sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation due to a diminished threshold or an increased response to stimuli.	0	4.05	15	0
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	3.8	4	0
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.	0	3.8	4	0
Connective Tissue Diseases A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides.	0	1.96	1	0
Hypermobility, Joint [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Deficiency, Vitamin D [description not available]	0	3.06	5	0
Vitamin D Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406)	0	3.06	5	0
Bone Cysts Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15 years.	0	1.96	1	0
Dental Tissue Neoplasms [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Cyst, Dental Root [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Ameloblastoma An immature epithelial tumor of the JAW originating from the epithelial rests of Malassez or from other epithelial remnants of the ENAMEL from the developmental period. It is a slowly growing tumor, usually benign, but displays a marked propensity for invasive growth.	0	3.29	2	0
Benign Meningeal Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Meningeal Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.	0	2.37	2	0
Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)	0	2.89	4	0
Bilateral Wilms Tumor [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Wilms Tumor A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.	0	2.66	3	0
Besnier-Boeck Disease [description not available]	0	3.67	10	0
Sarcoidosis An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.	0	3.67	10	0
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.68	10	0
Lymphatic Diseases Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.	0	3.07	5	0
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.	0	3.68	10	0
Hypergammaglobulinemia An excess of GAMMA-GLOBULINS in the serum due to chronic infections or PARAPROTEINEMIAS.	0	2.37	2	0
Cancer of Pelvis [description not available]	0	2.65	3	0
Renal Artery Stenosis [description not available]	0	4.4	8	0
Renal Artery Obstruction Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).	0	4.4	8	0
Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.	0	3.07	5	0
Alkalosis A pathological condition that removes acid or adds base to the body fluids.	0	1.96	1	0
Glomerulonephritis, Minimal Change [description not available]	0	2.88	4	0
Nephrosis, Lipoid A kidney disease with no or minimal histological glomerular changes on light microscopy and with no immune deposits. It is characterized by lipid accumulation in the epithelial cells of KIDNEY TUBULES and in the URINE. Patients usually show NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA with accompanying EDEMA.	0	2.88	4	0
Nephrotic Syndrome A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.	0	3.76	11	0
Cramp [description not available]	0	3.35	1	1
Muscle Cramp A sustained and usually painful contraction of muscle fibers. This may occur as an isolated phenomenon or as a manifestation of an underlying disease process (e.g., UREMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; etc.). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1398)	0	3.35	1	1
Premenstrual Tension A term used to describe the psychological aspects of PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME, such as the indescribable tension, depression, hostility, and increased seizure activity in women with seizure disorder.	0	3.75	2	1
Premenstrual Syndrome A combination of distressing physical, psychologic, or behavioral changes that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms of PMS are diverse (such as pain, water-retention, anxiety, cravings, and depression) and they diminish markedly 2 or 3 days after the initiation of menses.	0	3.75	2	1
Caffey Disease [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Infections, Yersinia [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding [description not available]	0	3.98	5	0
Menorrhagia Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.	0	3.98	5	0
African Sleeping Sickness [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Trypanosomiasis, African A disease endemic among people and animals in Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system produces African sleeping sickness. Nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.	0	2.67	3	0
Ectopic Hormone Syndromes [description not available]	0	3.8	4	0
Thrombocytopathy [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Blood Platelet Disorders Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function.	0	2.66	3	0
Milk Fever, Animal [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Burns, Electric Burns produced by contact with electric current or from a sudden discharge of electricity.	0	1.96	1	0
Hydatid Mole [description not available]	0	5.52	9	2
Hydatidiform Mole Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be categorized as complete or partial based on their gross morphology, histopathology, and karyotype.	0	5.52	9	2
Congenital Epulides [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Chondrodystrophic Myotonia [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Acidosis, Diabetic [description not available]	0	3.35	7	0
Diabetic Ketoacidosis A life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily of TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS with severe INSULIN deficiency and extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA. It is characterized by KETOSIS; DEHYDRATION; and depressed consciousness leading to COMA.	0	3.35	7	0
Coccidioides immitis Infection [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Coccidioidomycosis Infection with a fungus of the genus COCCIDIOIDES, endemic to the SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES. It is sometimes called valley fever but should not be confused with RIFT VALLEY FEVER. Infection is caused by inhalation of airborne, fungal particles known as arthroconidia, a form of FUNGAL SPORES. A primary form is an acute, benign, self-limited respiratory infection. A secondary form is a virulent, severe, chronic, progressive granulomatous disease with systemic involvement. It can be detected by use of COCCIDIOIDIN.	0	1.96	1	0
Albers-Schoenberg Disease [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Osteopetrosis Excessive formation of dense trabecular bone leading to pathological fractures; OSTEITIS; SPLENOMEGALY with infarct; ANEMIA; and extramedullary hemopoiesis (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).	0	2.36	2	0
Aqueductal Stenosis [description not available]	0	3.98	5	0
Urinary Calculi Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID.	0	3.47	8	0
Cochlear Hearing Loss [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.	0	2.67	3	0
Atrial Septal Defect [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Bouillaud Disease [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Rheumatic Heart Disease Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the ENDOCARDIUM.	0	2.37	2	0
Acidosis, Renal Tubular, Type I [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Acidosis, Renal Tubular A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS. Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.	0	1.96	1	0
Asbestosis A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers which elicit potent inflammatory responses in the parenchyma of the lung. The disease is characterized by interstitial fibrosis of the lung, varying from scattered sites to extensive scarring of the alveolar interstitium.	0	2.66	3	0
Convalescence The period of recovery following an illness.	0	2.37	2	0
Arteriosclerosis Obliterans Common occlusive arterial disease which is caused by ATHEROSCLEROSIS. It is characterized by lesions in the innermost layer (ARTERIAL INTIMA) of arteries including the AORTA and its branches to the extremities. Risk factors include smoking, HYPERLIPIDEMIA, and HYPERTENSION.	0	3.77	2	1
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	0	4.62	6	1
Preleukemia Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.	0	1.96	1	0
Carcinoma, Bronchial [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.	0	2.37	2	0
Hematoma A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.	0	2.37	2	0
Pulmonary Stenoses [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Alcoholic Cirrhosis [description not available]	0	6.15	12	1
Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.	0	6.15	12	1
Shock, Traumatic Shock produced as a result of trauma.	0	3.81	4	0
Crush Syndrome Severe systemic manifestation of trauma and ischemia involving soft tissues, principally skeletal muscle, due to prolonged severe crushing. It leads to increased permeability of the cell membrane and to the release of potassium, enzymes, and myoglobin from within cells. Ischemic renal dysfunction secondary to hypotension and diminished renal perfusion results in acute tubular necrosis and uremia.	0	2.37	2	0
Consciousness, Loss of [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Deficiency, Vitamin E [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Infantile Diarrhea [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Diarrhea, Infantile DIARRHEA occurring in infants from newborn to 24-months old.	0	2.89	4	0
Gall Bladder Diseases [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Starvation Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.57	9	0
Airway Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.	0	2.89	4	0
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.	0	3.07	5	0
Dilatation, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions.	0	2.66	3	0
Anal Cancer [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Anus Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.	0	1.96	1	0
Hyperidrosis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Hyperhidrosis Excessive sweating. In the localized type, the most frequent sites are the palms, soles, axillae, inguinal folds, and the perineal area. Its chief cause is thought to be emotional. Generalized hyperhidrosis may be induced by a hot, humid environment, by fever, or by vigorous exercise.	0	1.96	1	0
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Obstructive [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).	0	2.37	2	0
Digestive System Disorders [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Digestive System Diseases Diseases in any part of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the accessory organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).	0	2.37	2	0
Kaposi Disease [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Xeroderma Pigmentosum A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.	0	2.68	3	0
Spondylitis Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.	0	3.34	1	1
Nutritional Disorders [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Nutrition Disorders Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition.	0	2.38	2	0
Smoking Cessation Discontinuing the habit of SMOKING.	0	3.78	2	1
Endomyocardial Fibrosis A condition characterized by the thickening of the ventricular ENDOCARDIUM and subendocardium (MYOCARDIUM), seen mostly in children and young adults in the TROPICAL CLIMATE. The fibrous tissue extends from the apex toward and often involves the HEART VALVES causing restrictive blood flow into the respective ventricles (CARDIOMYOPATHY, RESTRICTIVE).	0	2.9	1	0
Obstructive Lung Diseases [description not available]	0	3.59	9	0
Lung Diseases, Obstructive Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.	0	3.59	9	0
Leukemia L 1210 [description not available]	0	3.99	5	0
Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion Obstruction of the flow in the SPLANCHNIC CIRCULATION by ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; THROMBOSIS; STENOSIS; TRAUMA; and compression or intrinsic pressure from adjacent tumors. Rare causes are drugs, intestinal parasites, and vascular immunoinflammatory diseases such as PERIARTERITIS NODOSA and THROMBOANGIITIS OBLITERANS. (From Juergens et al., Peripheral Vascular Diseases, 5th ed, pp295-6)	0	1.98	1	0
Bleb [description not available]	0	6.1	6	2
Hydroa Vacciniforme A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous zone and resemble a vaccination. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.29	1	1
Eclampsia Onset of HYPERREFLEXIA; SEIZURES; or COMA in a previously diagnosed pre-eclamptic patient (PRE-ECLAMPSIA).	0	3.58	3	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, T Cell [description not available]	0	3.23	6	0
Leukemia, T-Cell A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood.	0	3.23	6	0
Bleeding Between Periods [description not available]	0	3.37	1	1
Metrorrhagia Abnormal uterine bleeding that is not related to MENSTRUATION, usually in females without regular MENSTRUAL CYCLE. The irregular and unpredictable bleeding usually comes from a dysfunctional ENDOMETRIUM.	0	3.37	1	1
Buckley Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Job Syndrome Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.	0	1.98	1	0
Otospongiosis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Otosclerosis Formation of spongy bone in the labyrinth capsule which can progress toward the STAPES (stapedial fixation) or anteriorly toward the COCHLEA leading to conductive, sensorineural, or mixed HEARING LOSS. Several genes are associated with familial otosclerosis with varied clinical signs.	0	1.98	1	0
Periapical Cyst [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Middle Ear Effusion [description not available]	0	5.5	16	1
Otitis Media with Effusion Inflammation of the middle ear with a clear pale yellow-colored transudate.	0	5.5	16	1
Embolus [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Embolism Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood stream.	0	2.39	2	0
Hypodermyiasis Infestation with larvae of the genus Hypoderma, the warble fly.	0	1.98	1	0
Toxemia A condition produced by the presence of toxins or other harmful substances in the BLOOD.	0	2.89	4	0
B-Cell Leukemia [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Conus Medullaris Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Adult Refsum Disease [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Cerebro-Hepato-Renal Syndrome [description not available]	0	4.28	4	1
Zellweger Syndrome An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix. Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA; SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES; progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently intact peroxisome biogenesis.	0	4.28	4	1
Angor Pectoris [description not available]	0	3.22	6	0
Angina Pectoris The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.	0	3.22	6	0
Birth Injuries Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant during labor or delivery.	0	1.98	1	0
Food Poisoning [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Complications, Neoplastic Pregnancy [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Gastric Outlet Obstruction The hindering of output from the STOMACH into the SMALL INTESTINE. This obstruction may be of mechanical or functional origin such as EDEMA from PEPTIC ULCER; NEOPLASMS; FOREIGN BODIES; or AGING.	0	1.98	1	0
Bilirubinemia [description not available]	0	3.77	2	1
Melanoma, Amelanotic An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)	0	1.98	1	0
Infection, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis.	0	1.98	1	0
Bacterial Eye Infections [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Pleural Diseases Diseases involving the PLEURA.	0	1.98	1	0
Intestinal Perforation Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES.	0	2.39	2	0
Chromosomal Translocation [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Burns, Inhalation Burns of the respiratory tract caused by heat or inhaled chemicals.	0	1.98	1	0
Keratosis, Oral [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Leukoplakia, Oral A white patch seen on the oral mucosa. It is considered a premalignant condition and is often tobacco-induced. When evidence of Epstein-Barr virus is present, the condition is called hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).	0	1.98	1	0
Arthus Phenomenon [description not available]	0	3.68	10	0
Fetal Resorption The disintegration and assimilation of the dead FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO LOSS).	0	2.38	2	0
Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis Type B [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
IgA Vasculitis A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in children after acute upper respiratory infections.	0	2.67	3	0
Acidosis, Respiratory Respiratory retention of carbon dioxide. It may be chronic or acute.	0	2.67	3	0
Neuroses [description not available]	0	3.77	2	1
Neurotic Disorders Disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the individual and recognized by him or her as being unacceptable. Social relationships may be greatly affected but usually remain within acceptable limits. The disturbance is relatively enduring or recurrent without treatment.	0	3.77	2	1
Arsenic Encephalopathy [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Interstitial Nephritis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Nephritis, Interstitial Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.	0	1.98	1	0
Thoracic Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the THORAX.	0	2.38	2	0
Abortion, Septic Any type of abortion, induced or spontaneous, that is associated with infection of the UTERUS and its appendages. It is characterized by FEVER, uterine tenderness, and foul discharge.	0	2.38	2	0
Acidosis, Renal Tubular Type IV [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
B. burgdorferi Infection [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Lyme Disease An infectious disease caused by a spirochete, BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered at Old Lyme, Connecticut.	0	1.98	1	0
Choriocarcinoma A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).	0	2.9	4	0
Amniotic Fluid Embolism [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Transfusion Reaction Complications of BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Included adverse reactions are common allergic and febrile reactions; hemolytic (delayed and acute) reactions; and other non-hemolytic adverse reactions such as infections and adverse immune reactions related to immunocompatibility.	0	2.89	4	0
Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous Disappearance of a neoplasm or neoplastic state without the intervention of therapy.	0	1.98	1	0
Deficiency, Riboflavin [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Injuries, Prenatal [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Autosomal Chromosome Disorders [description not available]	0	3.77	2	1
Prediabetes [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Prediabetic State The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	0	1.98	1	0
Atresia, Biliary [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Biliary Atresia Progressive destruction or the absence of all or part of the extrahepatic BILE DUCTS, resulting in the complete obstruction of BILE flow. Usually, biliary atresia is found in infants and accounts for one third of the neonatal cholestatic JAUNDICE.	0	2.38	2	0
Peptic Ulcer Perforation Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of luminal contents into the PERITONEAL CAVITY.	0	2.38	2	0
Addison Disease and Cerebral Sclerosis [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Chondrodysplasia Punctata A heterogeneous group of bone dysplasias, the common character of which is stippling of the epiphyses in infancy. The group includes a severe autosomal recessive form (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC), an autosomal dominant form (Conradi-Hunermann syndrome), and a milder X-linked form. Metabolic defects associated with impaired peroxisomes are present only in the rhizomelic form.	0	2.38	2	0
Adrenoleukodystrophy An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA; NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy. The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).	0	2.38	2	0
Calcification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Chorioretinitis Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the vitreous body.	0	1.98	1	0
Chronic Hepatitis [description not available]	0	2.88	4	0
Hepatitis, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES) infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses, medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors.	0	2.88	4	0
Coronary Thrombosis Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	1.98	1	0
Corpus Luteum Cyst [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Ovarian Cysts General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the OVARY.	0	2.68	3	0
Drug Abuse, Intravenous [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Ureteral Calculi Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY. They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.	0	3.77	2	1
Osteoid Osteoma [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Calcium Metabolism Disorders Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization.	0	4.05	3	1
Aphthae [description not available]	0	5.76	4	2
Stomatitis, Aphthous A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742)	0	5.76	4	2
Ostertagiasis A disease of herbivorous mammals, particularly cattle and sheep, caused by stomach worms of the genus OSTERTAGIA.	0	1.98	1	0
Deficiency, Pyridoxine [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and a purulent discharge.	0	1.98	1	0
Complications, Hematologic Pregnancy [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Embolism, Fat Blocking of a blood vessel by fat deposits in the circulation. It is often seen after fractures of large bones or after administration of CORTICOSTEROIDS.	0	1.98	1	0
Deficiency, Yang [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
P carinii Pneumonia [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis.	0	1.98	1	0
Osseous Paget's Disease [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Osteitis Deformans A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair, resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the normal parallel symmetry.	0	1.98	1	0
Campylobacter Infection [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Pregnancy, Tubal The most common (	0	6.98	16	2
Bed Sores [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Pressure Ulcer An ulceration caused by prolonged pressure on the SKIN and TISSUES when one stays in one position for a long period of time, such as lying in bed. The bony areas of the body are the most frequently affected sites which become ischemic (ISCHEMIA) under sustained and constant pressure.	0	1.98	1	0
Acrania [description not available]	0	3.81	4	0
Neural Tube Defects Congenital malformations of the central nervous system and adjacent structures related to defective neural tube closure during the first trimester of pregnancy generally occurring between days 18-29 of gestation. Ectodermal and mesodermal malformations (mainly involving the skull and vertebrae) may occur as a result of defects of neural tube closure. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, pp31-41)	0	3.81	4	0
Abortion, Incomplete Premature loss of PREGNANCY in which not all the products of CONCEPTION have been expelled.	1	4.38	2	0
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection [description not available]	0	4.05	3	1
Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)	0	4.05	3	1
Dental Granuloma [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
External Ear Inflammation [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Otitis Externa Inflammation of the OUTER EAR including the external EAR CANAL, cartilages of the auricle (EAR CARTILAGE), and the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.	0	2.39	2	0
ATLL [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 Infection [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset, caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.	0	2.38	2	0
HTLV-I Infections Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1.	0	2.39	2	0
Chemical Dependence [description not available]	0	3.37	7	0
Substance-Related Disorders Disorders related to substance use or abuse.	0	3.37	7	0
Gingival Hyperplasia Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p400)	0	2.39	2	0
Tracheal Diseases Diseases involving the TRACHEA.	0	1.98	1	0
Toxocariasis Infection by round worms of the genus TOXOCARA, usually found in wild and domesticated cats and dogs and foxes, except for the larvae, which may produce visceral and ocular larva migrans in man.	0	1.98	1	0
Carcinoma, Thymic [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Thymoma A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g., lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.66	3	0
Jejunal Diseases Pathological development in the JEJUNUM region of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	2.9	4	0
Lymphocytopenia [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Leprosy, Cutaneous [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Lymphopenia Reduction in the number of lymphocytes.	0	2.38	2	0
Autoimmune Thyroiditis [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Arterial Obstructive Diseases [description not available]	0	4.46	5	1
Arterial Occlusive Diseases Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.	0	4.46	5	1
Angle Class II [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Kidney Tubular Transport, Inborn Error [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Bile Duct Diseases Diseases in any part of the ductal system of the BILIARY TRACT from the smallest BILE CANALICULI to the largest COMMON BILE DUCT.	0	1.99	1	0
Bone Hypertrophy [description not available]	0	2.9	1	0
Impotence, Arteriogenic [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Pericoronitis Inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a tooth.	0	1.99	1	0
Angiostrongylus Infections [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Dupuytren's Contracture [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Dupuytren Contracture A fibromatosis of the palmar fascia characterized by thickening and contracture of the fibrous bands on the palmar surfaces of the hand and fingers. It arises most commonly in men between the ages of 30 and 50.	0	2.67	3	0
Conjunctival Diseases Diseases involving the CONJUNCTIVA.	0	2.38	2	0
Infections, Soft Tissue [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Soft Tissue Infections Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma, ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the fecal or oral flora, particularly in wounds associated with intestinal surgery, decubitus ulcer, and human bites. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1688)	0	1.99	1	0
Giant Osteoid Osteoma [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Chondroblastoma A usually benign tumor composed of cells which arise from chondroblasts or their precursors and which tend to differentiate into cartilage cells. It occurs primarily in the epiphyses of adolescents. It is relatively rare and represents less than 2% of all primary bone tumors. The peak incidence is in the second decade of life; it is about twice as common in males as in females. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1846)	0	1.99	1	0
Eosinophilic Granuloma The most benign and common form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis which involves localized nodular lesions predominantly of the bones but also of the gastric mucosa, small intestine, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by EOSINOPHILS.	0	2.38	2	0
Gingival Overgrowth Excessive growth of the gingiva either by an increase in the size of the constituent cells (GINGIVAL HYPERTROPHY) or by an increase in their number (GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA). (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p574)	0	1.99	1	0
Graft Occlusion, Vascular Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts.	0	2.67	3	0
Apolipoprotein B-100, Familial Defective [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II A group of familial disorders characterized by elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins).	0	2.39	2	0
Chloasma [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Iris Diseases Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located in the iris.	0	1.99	1	0
Melanosis Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease.	0	1.99	1	0
Hyperpotassemia [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Hyperkalemia Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.07	5	0
Costen's Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Abscess, Periapical [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Exposure, Dental Pulp [description not available]	0	4.08	3	1
Dental Pulp Exposure The result of pathological changes in the hard tissue of a tooth caused by carious lesions, mechanical factors, or trauma, which render the pulp susceptible to bacterial invasion from the external environment.	0	4.08	3	1
Actinomyces Infections [description not available]	0	3.38	1	1
Pink Eye [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Conjunctivitis INFLAMMATION of the CONJUNCTIVA.	0	3.07	5	0
Iritis Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris.	0	2.68	3	0
Endocarditis, Loeffler [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the various organs.	0	1.99	1	0
Gardner Syndrome A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI tract.	0	1.99	1	0
Cancer of Jejunum [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Diseases, Peripheral Vascular [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Peripheral Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART.	0	1.99	1	0
Oesophagostomiasis Infection of the intestinal tract with worms of the genus OESOPHAGOSTOMUM. This condition occurs mainly in animals other than man.	0	1.99	1	0
Cardiac Output, Low A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities.	0	2.9	4	0
Mast Cell Activation Disease [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Mastocytosis A rare neoplastic disorder characterized by a clonal proliferation of MAST CELLS, associated with KIT-D816 mutations, and accompanied by aberrant mast cell activation. The abnormal increase of MAST CELLS may occur in only the skin (MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS), in extracutaneous tissues involving multiple organs (MASTOCYTOSIS, SYSTEMIC), or in solid tumors (MASTOCYTOMA).	0	1.99	1	0
Penile Diseases Pathological processes involving the PENIS or its component tissues.	0	1.99	1	0
Exomphalos [description not available]	0	2.91	1	0
Anal Atresia [description not available]	0	2.91	1	0
Hernia, Umbilical A HERNIA due to an imperfect closure or weakness of the umbilical ring. It appears as a skin-covered protrusion at the UMBILICUS during crying, coughing, or straining. The hernia generally consists of OMENTUM or SMALL INTESTINE. The vast majority of umbilical hernias are congenital but can be acquired due to severe abdominal distention.	0	2.91	1	0
Enterocolitis Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses.	0	2.69	3	0
Vesicoureteral Reflux [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Vesico-Ureteral Reflux Retrograde flow of urine from the URINARY BLADDER into the URETER. This is often due to incompetence of the vesicoureteral valve leading to ascending bacterial infection into the KIDNEY.	0	2.39	2	0
A-V Dissociation [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Long Sleeper Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Sleep Wake Disorders Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated with the CIRCADIAN RHYTHM which affect the length, timing, and/or rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle.	0	2.4	2	0
Dental Occlusion, Traumatic An occlusion resulting in overstrain and injury to teeth, periodontal tissue, or other oral structures.	0	1.99	1	0
Elaeophoriasis [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Congenital Familial Lymphedema [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Filariasis Infections with nematodes of the superfamily FILARIOIDEA. The presence of living worms in the body is mainly asymptomatic but the death of adult worms leads to granulomatous inflammation and permanent fibrosis. Organisms of the genus Elaeophora infect wild elk and domestic sheep causing ischemic necrosis of the brain, blindness, and dermatosis of the face.	0	1.99	1	0
Lymphedema Edema due to obstruction of lymph vessels or disorders of the lymph nodes.	0	1.99	1	0
Tooth Loss The failure to retain teeth as a result of disease or injury.	0	2.4	2	0
Pyloric Stenosis Narrowing of the pyloric canal with varied etiology. A common form is due to muscle hypertrophy (PYLORIC STENOSIS, HYPERTROPHIC) seen in infants.	0	3.07	5	0
Eye Injuries, Penetrating Deeply perforating or puncturing type intraocular injuries.	0	1.99	1	0
Mitral Incompetence [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Mitral Stenosis [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Mitral Valve Insufficiency Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation.	0	1.99	1	0
Mitral Valve Stenosis Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets and chordal areas. This elevates the left atrial pressure which, in turn, raises pulmonary venous and capillary pressure leading to bouts of DYSPNEA and TACHYCARDIA during physical exertion. RHEUMATIC FEVER is its primary cause.	0	1.99	1	0
Cancer of Duodenum [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Carcinosarcoma A malignant neoplasm that contains elements of carcinoma and sarcoma so extensively intermixed as to indicate neoplasia of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2	1	0
Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic Ischemic injury to the OPTIC NERVE which usually affects the OPTIC DISK (optic neuropathy, anterior ischemic) and less frequently the retrobulbar portion of the nerve (optic neuropathy, posterior ischemic). The injury results from occlusion of arterial blood supply which may result from TEMPORAL ARTERITIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COLLAGEN DISEASES; EMBOLISM; DIABETES MELLITUS; and other conditions. The disease primarily occurs in the sixth decade or later and presents with the sudden onset of painless and usually severe monocular visual loss. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy also features optic disk edema with microhemorrhages. The optic disk appears normal in posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. (Glaser, Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2nd ed, p135)	0	2	1	0
Arthritis, Post-Infectious [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Arthritis, Reactive An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA; YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.	0	2.4	2	0
Neurilemoma [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Neurilemmoma A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5)	0	1.99	1	0
Classical Swine Fever An acute, highly contagious disease affecting swine of all ages and caused by the CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS. It has a sudden onset with high morbidity and mortality.	0	2	1	0
Kwashiorkor A syndrome produced by severe protein deficiency, characterized by retarded growth, changes in skin and hair pigment, edema, and pathologic changes in the liver, including fatty infiltration, necrosis, and fibrosis. The word is a local name in Gold Coast, Africa, meaning displaced child. Although first reported from Africa, kwashiorkor is now known throughout the world, but mainly in the tropics and subtropics. It is considered to be related to marasmus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.68	3	0
Rubeola [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Measles A highly contagious infectious disease caused by MORBILLIVIRUS, common among children but also seen in the nonimmune of any age, in which the virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and multiplies in the epithelial cells, spreading throughout the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM.	0	2.67	3	0
Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Male Genitourinary Diseases [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Female Genitourinary Diseases [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Caries, Dental [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Dental Caries Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.	0	2.41	2	0
DDD MPGNII [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases including infections and autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all types of MPGN.	0	2	1	0
Allergic Neuritis, Experimental [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Hypophosphatasia A genetic metabolic disorder resulting from serum and bone alkaline phosphatase deficiency leading to hypercalcemia, ethanolamine phosphatemia, and ethanolamine phosphaturia. Clinical manifestations include severe skeletal defects resembling vitamin D-resistant rickets, failure of the calvarium to calcify, dyspnea, cyanosis, vomiting, constipation, renal calcinosis, failure to thrive, disorders of movement, beading of the costochondral junction, and rachitic bone changes. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2	1	0
Coenuri Infection [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Cysticercosis Infection with CYSTICERCUS, the larval form of the various tapeworms of the genus Taenia (usually T. solium in man). In humans they penetrate the intestinal wall and invade subcutaneous tissue, brain, eye, muscle, heart, liver, lung, and peritoneum. Brain involvement results in NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS.	0	2	1	0
Chronic Hepatitis C [description not available]	0	3.79	2	1
Hepatitis C, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.	0	3.79	2	1
Distorted Hearing [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Central Nervous System Origin Vertigo [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Vertigo An illusion of movement, either of the external world revolving around the individual or of the individual revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1)	0	2	1	0
Intermittent Claudication A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness in SKELETAL MUSCLE group associated with exercise, such as leg pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial STENOSIS; muscle ISCHEMIA; and accumulation of LACTATE.	0	1.99	1	0
Microbial Superinvasion [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Auricular Fibrillation [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Deficiency, Factor II [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Atrial Fibrillation Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.	0	2	1	0
CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected individuals may present with sleep disturbances, personality changes, ATAXIA; APHASIA, visual loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, MYOCLONUS, progressive dementia, and death within one year of disease onset. A familial form exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance and a new variant CJD (potentially associated with ENCEPHALOPATHY, BOVINE SPONGIFORM) have been described. Pathological features include prominent cerebellar and cerebral cortical spongiform degeneration and the presence of PRIONS. (From N Engl J Med, 1998 Dec 31;339(27))	0	2.41	2	0
Granulomatosis, Wegener's [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels (VASCULITIS) leading to damage in any number of organs. The common features include granulomatous inflammation of the RESPIRATORY TRACT and KIDNEYS. Most patients have measurable autoantibodies (ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES) against MYELOBLASTIN.	0	2	1	0
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Lacerations Torn, ragged, mangled wounds.	0	2	1	0
Thyroid Diseases Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.	0	2	1	0
Epicondylitis, Lateral Humeral [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Tennis Elbow A condition characterized by pain in or near the lateral humeral epicondyle or in the forearm extensor muscle mass as a result of unusual strain. It occurs due repetitive stresses on the elbow from activities such as tennis playing.	0	2	1	0
Exfoliation Glaucoma [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Exfoliation Syndrome The deposition of flaky, translucent fibrillar material most conspicuous on the anterior lens capsule and pupillary margin but also in both surfaces of the iris, the zonules, trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, corneal endothelium, and orbital blood vessels. It sometimes forms a membrane on the anterior iris surface. Exfoliation refers to the shedding of pigment by the iris. (Newell, Ophthalmology, 7th ed, p380)	0	2	1	0
Hypogammaglobulinemia [description not available]	0	3.31	2	0
Agammaglobulinemia An immunologic deficiency state characterized by an extremely low level of generally all classes of gamma-globulin in the blood.	0	3.31	2	0
Gastric Stasis [description not available]	0	2.92	1	0
Gastroparesis Chronic delayed gastric emptying. Gastroparesis may be caused by motor dysfunction or paralysis of STOMACH muscles or may be associated with other systemic diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS.	0	2.92	1	0
Entamoeba histolytica Infection [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Hepatic Veno Occlusive Disease [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease Liver disease that is caused by injuries to the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS of the vessels and subendothelial EDEMA, but not by THROMBOSIS. Extracellular matrix, rich in FIBRONECTINS, is usually deposited around the HEPATIC VEINS leading to venous outflow occlusion and sinusoidal obstruction.	0	2	1	0
Hypesthesia Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation.	0	2	1	0
Perforated Appendicitis [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Appendicitis Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.	0	2	1	0
Deaf Mutism [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Stunted Growth [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Deafness A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears.	0	2	1	0
Growth Disorders Deviations from the average values for a specific age and sex in any or all of the following: height, weight, skeletal proportions, osseous development, or maturation of features. Included here are both acceleration and retardation of growth.	0	2	1	0
Ileal Diseases Pathological development in the ILEUM including the ILEOCECAL VALVE.	0	2	1	0
Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES, commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. Infections with roundworms (NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also known as HELMINTHIASIS.	0	2	1	0
Carcinoma, Basal Cell, Pigmented [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Carcinoma, Basal Cell A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)	0	2.68	3	0
Conjunctival Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the CONJUNCTIVA.	0	2.41	2	0
Hemorrhage, Vitreous [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Vitreous Hemorrhage Hemorrhage into the VITREOUS BODY.	0	2	1	0
Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis, Herpetic [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal. The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1 (HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations; APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)	0	2	1	0
Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Ataxia Telangiectasia An autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood, progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections, lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).	0	2	1	0
Eperythrozoonosis [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Apertognathia [description not available]	0	2.92	1	0
Encephalomyelitis, Inflammatory [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Encephalomyelitis A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process, but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature.	0	2.01	1	0
Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently transported. The major agent responsible for the disease is MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA and less commonly, PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA or HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS. All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal pharyngeal mucosa but not the LUNG. They are considered opportunistic pathogens following STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL and/or a viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous BRONCHOPNEUMONIA is often fatal.	0	3.39	1	1
Neoplasms, Pleural [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Infections, Taenia [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Taeniasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia.	0	2.01	1	0
Paroxysmal Reciprocal Tachycardia [description not available]	0	3.78	2	1
Tachycardia, Paroxysmal Abnormally rapid heartbeats with sudden onset and cessation.	0	3.78	2	1
Ureteral Diseases Pathological processes involving the URETERS.	0	3.36	1	1
Adipocere [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Histoplasma capsulatum Infection [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Histoplasmosis Infection resulting from exposure to the fungus HISTOPLASMA. It is worldwide in distribution and particularly common in the central and eastern states, especially areas around the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys.	0	1.98	1	0
Encephalitis, Japanese B [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Hemorrhagic Fever, Epidemic [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Encephalitis, Japanese A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet 1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)	0	1.98	1	0
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome An acute febrile disease occurring predominately in Asia. It is characterized by fever, prostration, vomiting, hemorrhagic phenonema, shock, and renal failure. It is caused by any one of several closely related species of the genus Hantavirus. The most severe form is caused by HANTAAN VIRUS whose natural host is the rodent Apodemus agrarius. Milder forms are caused by SEOUL VIRUS and transmitted by the rodents Rattus rattus and R. norvegicus, and the PUUMALA VIRUS with transmission by Clethrionomys galreolus.	0	1.98	1	0
Fallopian Tube Diseases Diseases involving the FALLOPIAN TUBES including neoplasms (FALLOPIAN TUBE NEOPLASMS); SALPINGITIS; tubo-ovarian abscess; and blockage.	0	1.98	1	0
Anochlesia [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Great Pox [description not available]	0	3.3	2	0
Syphilis A contagious venereal disease caused by the spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.	0	3.3	2	0
Congenital Syphilis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Syphilis, Congenital Syphilis acquired in utero and manifested by any of several characteristic tooth (Hutchinson's teeth) or bone malformations and by active mucocutaneous syphilis at birth or shortly thereafter. Ocular and neurologic changes may also occur.	0	1.98	1	0
Hemorrhagic Proctocolitis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Proctocolitis Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of the COLON.	0	1.98	1	0
Periapical Diseases Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP DISEASES inside the TOOTH ROOT.	0	4.59	4	0
Angina at Rest [description not available]	0	3.76	2	1
Angina, Unstable Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	3.76	2	1
Auditory Vertigo [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Meniere Disease A disease of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is characterized by fluctuating SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; episodic VERTIGO; and aural fullness. It is the most common form of endolymphatic hydrops.	0	1.98	1	0
Inhalation Injury, Smoke [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Breathlessness [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Dyspnea Difficult or labored breathing.	0	1.98	1	0
Polyps Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Polyps can be spheroidal, hemispheroidal, or irregular mound-shaped structures attached to the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the lumen wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.	0	1.98	1	0
Water Intoxication A condition resulting from the excessive retention of water with sodium depletion.	0	3.36	1	1
Neoplasms, Trophoblastic [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Uveitis, Posterior Inflammation of the choroid as well as the retina and vitreous body. Some form of visual disturbance is usually present. The most important characteristics of posterior uveitis are vitreous opacities, choroiditis, and chorioretinitis.	0	1.97	1	0
Deficiency Diseases A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)	0	1.97	1	0
Keratitis, Ulcerative [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Corneal Ulcer Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.	0	1.97	1	0
Intradural-Extramedullary Spinal Cord Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Spinal Cord Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA.	0	2.38	2	0
Leukemia, Megakaryocytic [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which 20-30% of the bone marrow or peripheral blood cells are of megakaryocyte lineage. MYELOFIBROSIS or increased bone marrow RETICULIN is common.	0	1.97	1	0
Bronchial Diseases Diseases involving the BRONCHI.	0	1.97	1	0
Congenital Limb Deformities [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Hypersensitivity, Type III [description not available]	0	2.88	4	0
Tachycardia, Supraventricular A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.	0	2.66	3	0
Muscular Dystrophy [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Muscular Dystrophies A heterogeneous group of inherited MYOPATHIES, characterized by wasting and weakness of the SKELETAL MUSCLE. They are categorized by the sites of MUSCLE WEAKNESS; AGE OF ONSET; and INHERITANCE PATTERNS.	0	1.97	1	0
Methemoglobinemia The presence of methemoglobin in the blood, resulting in cyanosis. A small amount of methemoglobin is present in the blood normally, but injury or toxic agents convert a larger proportion of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, which does not function reversibly as an oxygen carrier. Methemoglobinemia may be due to a defect in the enzyme NADH methemoglobin reductase (an autosomal recessive trait) or to an abnormality in hemoglobin M (an autosomal dominant trait). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.97	1	0
Muscular Dystrophy, Animal MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY that occurs in VERTEBRATE animals.	0	2.38	2	0
Glycosuria The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).	0	2.38	2	0
Testicular Diseases Pathological processes of the TESTIS.	0	1.97	1	0
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Erythremia [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Hemorrhagic Thrombocythemia [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Polycythemia Vera A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis occurs.	0	2.38	2	0
Thrombocythemia, Essential A clinical syndrome characterized by repeated spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number of circulating platelets.	0	2.38	2	0
Primary Myelofibrosis A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue, a process that is mediated by CYTOKINES arising from the abnormal clone.	0	1.97	1	0
Opportunistic Infections An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.	0	2.38	2	0
Cystine Diathesis [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Cystinosis A metabolic disease characterized by the defective transport of CYSTINE across the lysosomal membrane due to mutation of a membrane protein cystinosin. This results in cystine accumulation and crystallization in the cells causing widespread tissue damage. In the KIDNEY, nephropathic cystinosis is a common cause of RENAL FANCONI SYNDROME.	0	1.97	1	0
Reticulum Cell-Like Sarcoma, Yoshida [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Adamantiades-Behcet Disease [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Behcet Syndrome Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well.	0	1.97	1	0
Hepatitis, Viral, Animal INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral infection.	0	2.37	2	0
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Meningitis, Pneumococcal An acute purulent infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits (notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)	0	2.89	4	0
Cerebromalacia [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Newcastle Disease An acute febrile, contagious, viral disease of birds caused by an AVULAVIRUS called NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS. It is characterized by respiratory and nervous symptoms in fowl and is transmissible to man causing a severe, but transient conjunctivitis.	0	1.97	1	0
Spermatic Cord Torsion The twisting of the SPERMATIC CORD due to an anatomical abnormality that left the TESTIS mobile and dangling in the SCROTUM. The initial effect of testicular torsion is obstruction of venous return. Depending on the duration and degree of cord rotation, testicular symptoms range from EDEMA to interrupted arterial flow and testicular pain. If blood flow to testis is absent for 4 to 6 h, SPERMATOGENESIS may be permanently lost.	0	1.97	1	0
Inappropriate GH Secretion Syndrome (Acromegaly) [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Acromegaly A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excessive HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE in adults. It is characterized by bony enlargement of the FACE; lower jaw (PROGNATHISM); hands; FEET; HEAD; and THORAX. The most common etiology is a GROWTH HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp79-80)	0	1.97	1	0
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Retinal Detachment Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12).	0	2.37	2	0
Abscess, Amebic [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Amebiasis Infection with any of various amebae. It is an asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases ranging from chronic, mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery may occur.	0	1.97	1	0
Salpingitis Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY, and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)	0	2.37	2	0
Brain Embolism and Thrombosis [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Electrocardiogram QT Prolonged [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Long QT Syndrome A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.	0	1.97	1	0
Gelineau Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Narcolepsy A condition characterized by recurrent episodes of daytime somnolence and lapses in consciousness (microsomnias) that may be associated with automatic behaviors and AMNESIA. CATAPLEXY; SLEEP PARALYSIS, and hypnagogic HALLUCINATIONS frequently accompany narcolepsy. The pathophysiology of this disorder includes sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which normally follows stage III or IV sleep. (From Neurology 1998 Feb;50(2 Suppl 1):S2-S7)	0	2.38	2	0
ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) Diseases [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Urinary Incontinence, Stress Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the URINARY BLADDER without detrusor contraction or overdistended bladder. The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage, descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency.	0	4.32	2	2
Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Error [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Malignant Hypertension [description not available]	0	4.27	4	1
Hypertension, Malignant A condition of markedly elevated BLOOD PRESSURE with DIASTOLIC PRESSURE usually greater than 120 mm Hg. Malignant hypertension is characterized by widespread vascular damage, PAPILLEDEMA, retinopathy, HYPERTENSIVE ENCEPHALOPATHY, and renal dysfunction.	0	4.27	4	1
Infections, Rickettsia [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Acute Q Fever [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Cold Fingers, Hereditary [description not available]	0	4.6	6	1
Raynaud Disease An idiopathic vascular disorder characterized by bilateral Raynaud phenomenon, the abrupt onset of digital paleness or CYANOSIS in response to cold exposure or stress.	0	4.6	6	1
Deficiency of GP 2b 3a Complex [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Ascariasis Infection by nematodes of the genus ASCARIS. Ingestion of infective eggs causes diarrhea and pneumonitis. Its distribution is more prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and where human feces are used for fertilizer.	0	1.96	1	0
Edema Disease of Swine An acute disease of young pigs that is usually associated with weaning. It is characterized clinically by paresis and subcutaneous edema.	0	1.96	1	0
Maedi [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Sarcocystosis Infection of the striated muscle of mammals by parasites of the genus SARCOCYSTIS. Disease symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, and paralysis are produced by sarcocystin, a toxin produced by the organism.	0	1.97	1	0
Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup A [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Meningitis, Meningococcal A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)	0	1.97	1	0
Follicular Cyst Cyst due to the occlusion of the duct of a follicle or small gland.	0	1.97	1	0
Nephrosis Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA.	0	2.38	2	0
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin.	0	1.97	1	0
Hyperinsulinism A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.	0	1.97	1	0
Food Poisoning, Salmonella [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Salmonella Food Poisoning Poisoning caused by ingestion of food harboring species of SALMONELLA. Conditions of raising, shipping, slaughtering, and marketing of domestic animals contribute to the spread of this bacterium in the food supply.	0	1.97	1	0
Cleft Palate, Isolated [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Cleft Palate Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion.	0	1.97	1	0
Biliary Tract Diseases Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.	0	1.97	1	0
Pre-Excitation Syndromes A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the normal impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE. In these pre-excitation syndromes, atrial impulses often bypass the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE delay and travel via ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAYS connecting the atrium directly to the BUNDLE OF HIS.	0	1.97	1	0
Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Amputation, Traumatic Loss of a limb or other bodily appendage by accidental injury.	0	1.97	1	0
Rheumatoid Nodule Subcutaneous nodules seen in 20-30% of rheumatoid arthritis patients. They may arise anywhere on the body, but are most frequently found over the bony prominences. The nodules are characterized histologically by dense areas of fibrinoid necrosis with basophilic streaks and granules, surrounded by a palisade of cells, mainly fibroblasts and histiocytes.	0	1.97	1	0
Erysipelothrix Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus ERYSIPELOTHRIX.	0	1.97	1	0
Viral Hepatitis, Human [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Hepatitis, Viral, Human INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).	0	1.97	1	0
Dizzyness [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Dizziness An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness.	0	1.97	1	0
Psychoses [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Psychotic Disorders Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)	0	1.97	1	0
Cystadenocarcinoma A malignant neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. The neoplastic cells manifest varying degrees of anaplasia and invasiveness, and local extension and metastases occur. Cystadenocarcinomas develop frequently in the ovaries, where pseudomucinous and serous types are recognized. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.37	2	0
Coronaviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by CORONAVIRIDAE.	0	1.97	1	0
Uterine Perforation A hole or break through the wall of the UTERUS, usually made by the placement of an instrument or INTRAUTERINE DEVICES.	0	4.67	2	1
Diseases of Pharynx [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Vaginal Diseases Pathological processes of the VAGINA.	0	1.96	1	0
Nodular Goiter [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Goiter, Nodular An enlarged THYROID GLAND containing multiple nodules (THYROID NODULE), usually resulting from recurrent thyroid HYPERPLASIA and involution over many years to produce the irregular enlargement. Multinodular goiters may be nontoxic or may induce THYROTOXICOSIS.	0	1.96	1	0
Cataleptic Attacks [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Diseases in Twins Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.	0	2.37	2	0
As If Personality [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Otitis Media, Purulent [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Otitis Media, Suppurative Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent discharge.	0	1.96	1	0
Cancer of Sigmoid [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Deficiency, Magnesium [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Magnesium Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet, characterized by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and weakness. Symptoms are paresthesias, muscle cramps, irritability, decreased attention span, and mental confusion, possibly requiring months to appear. Deficiency of body magnesium can exist even when serum values are normal. In addition, magnesium deficiency may be organ-selective, since certain tissues become deficient before others. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1936)	0	1.96	1	0
Maxillary Neoplasms Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.	0	2.88	1	0
Keratoconjunctivitis Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.	0	3.35	1	1
Fungal Diseases [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI.	0	1.97	1	0
Death, Sudden The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions, manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions.	0	1.97	1	0
Facial Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the FACE.	0	1.97	1	0
Dentigerous Cyst Most common follicular odontogenic cyst. Occurs in relation to a partially erupted or unerupted tooth with at least the crown of the tooth to which the cyst is attached protruding into the cystic cavity. May give rise to an ameloblastoma and, in rare instances, undergo malignant transformation.	0	1.96	1	0
Chicken Pox [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Chickenpox A highly contagious infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It usually affects children, is spread by direct contact or respiratory route via droplet nuclei, and is characterized by the appearance on the skin and mucous membranes of successive crops of typical pruritic vesicular lesions that are easily broken and become scabbed. Chickenpox is relatively benign in children, but may be complicated by pneumonia and encephalitis in adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.97	1	0
Fistula Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body.	0	1.97	1	0
Hypoventilation A reduction in the amount of air entering the pulmonary alveoli.	0	1.97	1	0
Gastritis, Familial Giant Hypertrophic [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome A symptom complex associated with CARCINOID TUMOR and characterized by attacks of severe flushing of the skin, diarrheal watery stools, bronchoconstriction, sudden drops in blood pressure, edema, and ascites. The carcinoid tumors are usually located in the gastrointestinal tract and metastasize to the liver. Symptoms are caused by tumor secretion of serotonin, prostaglandins, and other biologically active substances. Cardiac manifestations constitute CARCINOID HEART DISEASE. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)	0	1.97	1	0
Central Retinal Edema, Cystoid [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Aphakia, Postcataract Absence of the crystalline lens resulting from cataract extraction.	0	1.97	1	0
Macular Edema Fluid accumulation in the outer layer of the MACULA LUTEA that results from intraocular or systemic insults. It may develop in a diffuse pattern where the macula appears thickened or it may acquire the characteristic petaloid appearance referred to as cystoid macular edema. Although macular edema may be associated with various underlying conditions, it is most commonly seen following intraocular surgery, venous occlusive disease, DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, and posterior segment inflammatory disease. (From Survey of Ophthalmology 2004; 49(5) 470-90)	0	2.37	2	0
Dermatosclerosis [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Scleroderma, Localized A term used to describe a variety of localized asymmetrical SKIN thickening that is similar to those of SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA but without the disease features in the multiple internal organs and BLOOD VESSELS. Lesions may be characterized as patches or plaques (morphea), bands (linear), or nodules.	0	1.97	1	0
Short Bowel Syndrome A malabsorption syndrome resulting from extensive operative resection of the SMALL INTESTINE, the absorptive region of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.	0	1.97	1	0
Hypocalcemia Reduction of the blood calcium below normal. Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.97	1	0
Cancer of Mediastinum [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Mediastinal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MEDIASTINUM.	0	1.97	1	0
Rib Fractures Fractures of any of the RIBS.	0	2.66	3	0
Foreign Bodies Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the body.	0	1.96	1	0
African Swine Fever A sometimes fatal ASFIVIRUS infection of pigs, characterized by fever, cough, diarrhea, hemorrhagic lymph nodes, and edema of the gallbladder. It is transmitted between domestic swine by direct contact, ingestion of infected meat, or fomites, or mechanically by biting flies or soft ticks (genus Ornithodoros).	0	1.97	1	0
Mucocele A retention cyst of the salivary gland, lacrimal sac, paranasal sinuses, appendix, or gallbladder. (Stedman, 26th ed)	0	1.97	1	0
Paranasal Sinus Diseases Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abscesses, cysts, or tumors.	0	1.97	1	0
Lymphocytosis Excess of normal lymphocytes in the blood or in any effusion.	0	1.97	1	0
Fowl Paralysis [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Purpura, Thrombopenic [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological mechanisms.	0	1.97	1	0
Postgastrectomy Syndromes Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ulcer, postprandial syndromes (DUMPING SYNDROME and late postprandial hypoglycemia), disordered bowel action, and nutritional deficiencies.	0	3.76	2	1
Infections, Nematode [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Canine Distemper [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Bile Reflux Retrograde bile flow. Reflux of bile can be from the duodenum to the stomach (DUODENOGASTRIC REFLUX); to the esophagus (GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX); or to the PANCREAS.	0	3.35	1	1
Aneurysm, Arteriovenous [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Vulvar Diseases Pathological processes of the VULVA.	0	3.35	1	1
Acid Aspiration Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Pneumonia, Aspiration A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.	0	1.96	1	0
Anemia, Fanconi [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)	0	1.96	1	0
Aortic Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Aortic Valve Stenosis A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.	0	2.37	2	0
Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)	0	1.96	1	0
Idiopathic Hypoparathyroidism A condition of low or absent PTH level and HYPOCALCEMIA. It usually occurs as part of an autoimmune syndrome.	0	1.96	1	0
Hypoparathyroidism A condition caused by a deficiency of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH). It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA and hyperphosphatemia. Hypocalcemia leads to TETANY. The acquired form is due to removal or injuries to the PARATHYROID GLANDS. The congenital form is due to mutations of genes, such as TBX1; (see DIGEORGE SYNDROME); CASR encoding CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR; or PTH encoding parathyroid hormone.	0	1.96	1	0
Neoplasms, Skull [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Genital Herpes [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Gingivostomatitis, Herpetic [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Herpes Genitalis Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.	0	1.96	1	0
Stomatitis, Herpetic Stomatitis caused by Herpesvirus hominis. It usually occurs as acute herpetic stomatitis (or gingivostomatitis), an oral manifestation of primary herpes simplex seen primarily in children and adolescents.	0	1.96	1	0

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Delivered vaginally by 12 hours	Delivered vaginally by 24 hours
Nulliparous Foley Catheter & Dinoprostone Insert	2	15
Nulliparous Foley Catheter Alone	1	6
Parous Foley Catheter & Dinoprostone Insert	3	19
Parous Foley Catheter Alone	6	21

dinoprostone

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (204)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (3)

Drug Classes (1)

Pathways (72)

Protein Targets (55)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Activation Measurements

Other Measurements

Biological Processes (262)

Molecular Functions (105)

Ceullar Components (44)

Bioassays (277)

Research

Studies (28,152)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 68.89

Study Types

Clinical Trials (84)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Duration of Stay in Minutes in Labor and Delivery Suite

Minutes From Drug Insertion to Vaginal Delivery

Minutes to Onset of Active Labor

Minutes to Rupture of Membranes (ROM)

Percentage of Participants With a Cesarean Section Delivery

Percentage of Participants With Cervical Ripening Success Based On Modified Bishop Score (mBS) 12 Hours After Administration of Vaginal Insert

Percentage of Participants With Pre-Delivery Oxytocin Use

Days in Hospital for Mother and Neonate

Percentage of Participants With Maternal/Fetal, Maternal (Post-Partum), and Neonatal Adverse Events

Feasibility Defined as the Number of Eligible Women Who Are Successfully Monitored Remotely With Trans-abdominal Fetal Electrocardiogram (ECG) Monitoring Device (Monica AN24) While Undergoing Labour Induction.

Number of Participants Who Were Satisfied With Monitoring at Home

Incidence of Any Delivery Within 12 Hours

Incidence of Any Delivery Within 24 Hours

Incidence of Cesarean Delivery During the First Hospital Admission

Incidence of Pre-delivery Oxytocin During the First Hospital Admission

Incidence of Vaginal Delivery

Incidence of Vaginal Delivery Within 12 Hours

Incidence of Vaginal Delivery Within 24 Hours

Time to Active Labor During the First Hospital Admission

Time to Any Delivery (Vaginal or Cesarean) During the First Hospital Admission

Time to Vaginal Delivery During the First Hospital Admission

Rate of Adverse Events

Vaginal Delivery

Time Of Start Of Induction Of Labor To Delivery

Induction to Delivery Interval

Induction to Onset of Labor Interval

Need for Syntocinon Augmentation

Normal Vaginal Delivery Rate

Uterine Hyper-stimulation Rate

The Median Times From Placement of Foley Catheter to Vaginal Delivery

To Evaluate the Proportion of Patients That Delivered by 12 Hours and Proportion of Patients Delivered by 24 Hours

Related Drugs (5,010)

Related Conditions (2,544)