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penicillin
Any member of the group of substituted penams containing two methyl substituents at position 2, a carboxylate substituent at position 3 and a carboxamido group at position 6.
ChEBI ID: 17334
Members (36)
| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|---|---|
| amdinocillin | A penicillin in which the 6beta substituent is [(azepan-1-yl)methylidene]amino; an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria. | mecillinam |
| amdinocillin pivoxil | A penicillanic acid ester that is the [(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)oxy]methyl ester and prodrug of mecillinam. | pivmecillinam |
| amoxicillin | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group. | amoxicillin |
| ampicillin | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. | ampicillin |
| apalcillin | apalcillin | |
| azidocillin | azidocillin | |
| azlocillin | A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae. | azlocillin |
| carbenicillin | A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain. | carbenicillin |
| carbenicillin indanyl | carindacillin | |
| carfecillin | carfecillin | |
| cloxacillin | A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6. | cloxacillin |
| cyclacillin | cyclacillin | |
| dicloxacillin | A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group. | dicloxacillin |
| epicillin | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-amino-2-(cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl)acetamido group. | epicillin |
| floxacillin | A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain. | flucloxacillin |
| hetacillin | hetacillin | |
| methampicillin | A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(2R)-2-(methylideneamino)-2-phenylacetamido side-group. | metampicillin |
| methicillin | A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group. | methicillin |
| mezlocillin | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-[3-(methanesulfonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group. | mezlocillin |
| nafcillin | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group. | nafcillin |
| oxacillin | A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta. | oxacillin |
| penicillin f | Penicillin F | |
| penicillin g | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group. | benzylpenicillin |
| penicillin k | Penicillin K | |
| penicillin n | penicillin N | |
| penicillin v | 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(1-oxo-2-phenoxyethyl)amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid | |
| penicillin v | A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain. | phenoxymethylpenicillin |
| penicillin x | Penicillin X | |
| phenethicillin | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-phenoxypropanamido group. | phenethicillin |
| piperacillin | A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group. | piperacillin |
| propicillin | propicillin | |
| quinacillin | A semisynthetic penicillase-resistant penicillin with antibacterial activity; it binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. | quinacillin |
| sulbenicillin | A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-[phenyl(sulfo)acetamido] side-chain. | sulbenicillin |
| temocillin | A penicillin compound having a 6alpha-methoxy and 6beta-[2-carboxy(thiophen-3-yl)acetamido side-groups. | temocillin |
| ticarcillin | A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group. | ticarcillin |
| Tobicillin | Tobicillin |
Research
Studies (45,289)
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 21,350 (47.14) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 6,596 (14.56) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 6,831 (15.08) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 7,611 (16.81) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2,901 (6.41) | 2.80 |
Study Types
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 6,242 (10.90%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 2,695 (4.70%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 7,025 (12.26%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 168 (0.29%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 41,161 (71.85%) | 84.16% |