nepafenac profile

nepafenac: amide analog of amfenac; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

nepafenac : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is amfenac in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted into the corresponding carboxamide. It is a prodrug for amfenac, used in eye drops to treat pain and inflammation following cataract surgery. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	151075
CHEMBL ID	1021
CHEBI ID	75922
SCHEMBL ID	93835
MeSH ID	M0370991

Synonym
AC-6949
CHEMBL1021
chebi:75922 ,
ahr-9434
al-6515
HY-17357
AB01274763-01
78281-72-8
nevanac (tn)
D05143
nepafenac (jan/usan/inn)
nepafenac
benzeneacetamide, 2-amino-3-benzoyl-
2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetamide
nevanac
ahr 9434
2-(2-amino-3-benzoylphenyl)acetamide
nepafenac [usan]
al 6515
DB06802
AKOS005146108
A26218
2-(2-amino-3-benzoyl-phenyl)acetamide
NCGC00185741-01
nepafenac [usan:inn:ban:jan]
ilevro
unii-0j9l7j6v8c
0j9l7j6v8c ,
dtxcid7028564
tox21_112985
cas-78281-72-8
dtxsid0048638 ,
2-amino-3-benzoyl-phenylacetamide
QEFAQIPZVLVERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2-[2-amino-3-(benzoyl)phenyl]acetamide
N0932
MLS004774140
amfenac amide
MLS003915618
smr002529588
FT-0603701
nepafenac [mi]
nepafenac [vandf]
nepafenac [mart.]
nepafenac [jan]
nepafenac [usp-rs]
nepafenac [inn]
nepafenac [who-dd]
nepafenac [ema epar]
nepafenac [orange book]
CS-0899
S1255
nepafenacum
nepafenaco
gtpl7564
SCHEMBL93835
MLS006010644
tox21_112985_1
NCGC00185741-02
AB01274763_02
mfcd08067732
2-[2-amino-3-(phenylcarbonyl)phenyl]acetamide
STL451069
J-507774
EX-A1350
sr-01000931908
SR-01000931908-2
HMS3654P07
nepafenac, >=98% (hplc)
SW219197-1
BCP21333
AS-19176
Q684379
ahr 9434;al 6515
AMY10899
BRD-K04112579-001-02-1
bdbm50228731
HMS3884E07
CCG-267004
A890381
2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetamide;nepafenac
WZB81453
EN300-7418512
s01bc10
nepafenac (mart.)
nepafenac (usp-rs)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Nepafenac is an innovative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in ophthalmology for the prevention of macular edema after cataract surgery. It is a potent NSAID that rapidly penetrates the eye following topical ocular administration.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Nepafenac is a highly effective NSAID used for treating postoperative ocular inflammation and pain after cataract surgery and its advantage over conventional topical NSAIDs has been proved many times. "	( Cyclodextrin-enabled nepafenac eye drops with improved absorption open a new therapeutic window. Balogh, GT; Budai-Szűcs, M; Csorba, A; Facskó, R; Gyarmati, B; Katona, G; Nagy, ZZ; Szente, L; Vincze, A; Zelkó, R, 2023)	2.67
"Nepafenac is an innovative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in ophthalmology for the prevention of macular edema after cataract surgery. "	( The opinion of the Expert Group of the Polish Society of Ophthalmology on using nepafenac in the prevention of postoperative macular edema after cataract surgery in diabetic patients. Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk, A; Gosławski, W; Grabska-Liberek, I; Jurowski, P; Karska-Basta, I; Kęcik, D; Lubiński, W; Malukiewicz, G; Mrukwa-Kominek, E; Omulecki, W; Pietruszyńska, M; Romaniuk, W; Romanowska-Dixon, B; Stafiej, J; Szaflik, JP, )	1.8
"Nepafenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), currently only available as 0.1% ophthalmic suspension (Nevanac®). "	( Improved Ocular Delivery of Nepafenac by Cyclodextrin Complexation. Abarca, EM; Grant, M; Jayachandra Babu, R; Shelley, H; Smith, FT, 2018)	2.22
"Nepafenac is a water-insoluble nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug that is available as an ophthalmic suspension (Nevanac®). "	( In Situ Gel Formulation for Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Nepafenac. Abarca, EM; Babu, RJ; Duran, SH; Rodriguez-Galarza, RM; Shelley, H, 2018)	2.17
"Nepafenac is a potent NSAID that rapidly penetrates the eye following topical ocular administration. "	( The effects of nepafenac and amfenac on retinal angiogenesis. Bingaman, DP; Clark, ML; Penn, JS; Yang, R; Yanni, SE, 2010)	2.16

Effects

Nepafenac 0.1% has been shown to be effective in suppressing inflammation after cataract surgery in uveitic eyes as well as in healthy eyes.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Nepafenac has been shown additive effect on pupil dilation in diabetic patients before cataract surgery."	( Additive Effect of Topical Nepafenac on Mydriasis in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus. Inanc, M; Kiziltoprak, H; Koc, M; Ozulken, K; Tekin, K; Yetkin, E, 2020)	2.3
"Nepafenac 0.1% has been shown to be effective in suppressing inflammation after cataract surgery in uveitic eyes as well as in healthy eyes. "	( Comparison of the efficacy of nepafenac 0.1% in quiescent Behçet's uveitis and non-uveitic healthy patients after phacoemulsification surgery. Işık, MU; Yalçındağ, NF, 2020)	2.29

Actions

Nepafenac and amfenac inhibit OIR more effectively than the commercially available topical and injectable NSAIDs used in this study. The NepafenAC group had lower mean aqueous cells, flare, and cells plus flare scores at all visits.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Nepafenac and amfenac inhibit OIR more effectively than the commercially available topical and injectable NSAIDs used in this study. "	( The effects of nepafenac and amfenac on retinal angiogenesis. Bingaman, DP; Clark, ML; Penn, JS; Yang, R; Yanni, SE, 2010)	2.16
"Nepafenac's ability to inhibit PG synthesis in the retina/choroid following topical administration indicates the drug also targets suppression of PG synthesis in the posterior segment. "	( Ocular permeation and inhibition of retinal inflammation: an examination of data and expert opinion on the clinical utility of nepafenac. Kim, T; Lindstrom, R, 2006)	1.98
"The nepafenac group had lower mean aqueous cells, flare, and cells plus flare scores at all visits (P<.0001)."	( Nepafenac ophthalmic suspension 0.1% for the prevention and treatment of ocular inflammation associated with cataract surgery. Holland, EJ; Lane, SS; Lehmann, RP; Modi, SS, 2007)	2.26

Treatment

Nepafenac treatment significantly reduced retinal NV in OIR; ketorolac and diclofenac had no effect. NepafenAc 0.1% treatment may offer greater comfort upon instillation in patients who have undergone PRK.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Nepafenac treatment significantly increased the proportion of patients with resolved ocular inflammation, compared to placebo, beginning on day 1 for TID dosing ( p	( Nepafenac dosing frequency for ocular pain and inflammation associated with cataract surgery. Cavanagh, HD; Maxwell, WA; Meuse, PA; Reiser, HJ; Sager, DP; Stewart, RH; Walters, TR, 2008)	2.51
"Nepafenac treatment significantly reduced retinal NV in OIR; ketorolac and diclofenac had no effect."	( The effects of nepafenac and amfenac on retinal angiogenesis. Bingaman, DP; Clark, ML; Penn, JS; Yang, R; Yanni, SE, 2010)	1.43
"Nepafenac 0.1% treatment may offer greater comfort upon instillation in patients who have undergone PRK."	( Double-masked study of the effects of nepafenac 0.1% and ketorolac 0.4% on corneal epithelial wound healing and pain after photorefractive keratectomy. Donnenfeld, ED; Durrie, DS; Holland, EJ; Raizman, MB, )	1.12
"Treatment with nepafenac ophthalmic suspension 0.1% significantly reduced postoperative pain compared with placebo after pterygium surgery."	( Effect of nepafenac eye drops on pain associated with pterygium surgery. Bukus, A; Demir, LS; Goktas, S; Ozcimen, M; Sakarya, R; Sakarya, Y; Yener, HI, 2015)	1.17
"Eyes treated with nepafenac healed at a slower rate than eyes treated with ketorolac in 57% of patients."	( Double-masked comparison of ketorolac tromethamine 0.4% versus nepafenac sodium 0.1% for postoperative healing rates and pain control in eyes undergoing surface ablation. McDonald, M; Trattler, W, 2007)	0.9
"Eyes treated with nepafenac 0.1% or ketorolac 0.4% achieved complete reepithelialization significantly faster than those treated with bromfenac 0.09%."	( Effects of nonsteroidal ophthalmic drops on epithelial healing and pain in patients undergoing bilateral photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Boghossian, AJ; Durrie, DS; Kennard, MG, )	0.45
"Treatment with nepafenac 0.1% significantly reduced postoperative pain immediately following surgery and had no significant adverse effect on time to reepithelialization compared to placebo."	( Effects of topical nepafenac on corneal epithelial healing time and postoperative pain after PRK: a bilateral, prospective, randomized, masked trial. Caldwell, M; Reilly, C, 2008)	1.03

Toxicity

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Adverse events were documented when reported by the patients themselves, and when study personnel asked about specific events."	( Comparison of the analgesic efficacy and safety of nepafenac ophthalmic suspension compared with diclofenac ophthalmic solution for ocular pain and photophobia after excimer laser surgery: a phase II, randomized, double-masked trial. Colin, J; Paquette, B, 2006)	0.59
" Adverse events were infrequent, and no serious adverse events occurred."	( Comparison of the analgesic efficacy and safety of nepafenac ophthalmic suspension compared with diclofenac ophthalmic solution for ocular pain and photophobia after excimer laser surgery: a phase II, randomized, double-masked trial. Colin, J; Paquette, B, 2006)	0.59
" Extensive studies to detect adverse response ranged from a gross examination of eyes under slit lamp biomicroscope, fluorescein dye test, Schirmer tear test, test for corneal sensitivity, intraocular pressure measurement (IOP), specular microscopy, electroretinography(ERG), and histopathological examination of intraocular tissues."	( Intracameral Use of Nepafenac: Safety and Efficacy Study. Bhattacharjee, A; Ghosh, T; Hazra, S; Jha, R; Konar, A; Kumar, V; Sur, V, 2018)	0.8
" Adverse events having a suspected relationship with the punctal plug treatment occurred in 1 case of the N-PPDS group having to do with placement and zero in the p-PPDS group."	( Safety and efficacy of nepafenac punctal plug delivery system in controlling postoperative ocular pain and inflammation after cataract surgery. Donnenfeld, ED; Holland, EJ; Solomon, KD, 2021)	0.93
"The N-PPDS was safe and effective for the management of ocular pain and inflammation after cataract surgery."	( Safety and efficacy of nepafenac punctal plug delivery system in controlling postoperative ocular pain and inflammation after cataract surgery. Donnenfeld, ED; Holland, EJ; Solomon, KD, 2021)	0.93

Pharmacokinetics

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The prodrug nepafenac had the shortest time to peak concentration and the greatest peak aqueous humor concentration (C(max))."	( In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro pharmacodynamics of nepafenac, amfenac, ketorolac, and bromfenac. Ernest, P; Gayton, J; Lehmann, R; Raizman, M; Walters, T, 2007)	0.95

Compound-Compound Interactions

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"To investigate the incidence and outcomes of cystoid macular edema (CME) after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) alone and DMEK combined with cataract surgery (DMEK triple)."	( Incidence and Outcomes of Cystoid Macular Edema after Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) and DMEK Combined with Cataract Surgery. Bae, SS; Ching, G; Covello, AT; Holland, S; Iovieno, A; McCarthy, M; Ritenour, R; Yeung, SN, 2021)	0.62

Bioavailability

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Nepafenac showed significantly greater ocular bioavailability and amfenac demonstrated greater potency at COX-2 inhibition than ketorolac or bromfenac."	( In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro pharmacodynamics of nepafenac, amfenac, ketorolac, and bromfenac. Ernest, P; Gayton, J; Lehmann, R; Raizman, M; Walters, T, 2007)	2.03
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51

Dosage Studied

Nepafenac treatment significantly increased the proportion of patients with resolved ocular inflammation, compared to placebo, beginning on day 1 for TID dosing.

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"1% was dosed topically once (QD), twice (BID), or three-times (TID) daily to assess the resolution of ocular pain and anterior-segment inflammation following cataract surgery."	( Nepafenac dosing frequency for ocular pain and inflammation associated with cataract surgery. Cavanagh, HD; Maxwell, WA; Meuse, PA; Reiser, HJ; Sager, DP; Stewart, RH; Walters, TR, 2008)	1.79
"1% was well tolerated and effectively resolved ocular inflammation and increased the incidence of ocular pain-free patients following cataract surgery when dosed QD, BID, or TID."	( Nepafenac dosing frequency for ocular pain and inflammation associated with cataract surgery. Cavanagh, HD; Maxwell, WA; Meuse, PA; Reiser, HJ; Sager, DP; Stewart, RH; Walters, TR, 2008)	1.79
"We report a case of sterile ulceration after photorefractive keratectomy surgery, which we believe was caused by frequent postoperative dosing of nepafenac."	( Nepafenac-associated bilateral corneal melt after photorefractive keratectomy. Feiz, V; Kurz, CJ; Mamalis, N; Moshirfar, M; Oberg, TJ, 2009)	2
" On-label dosing of ketorolac (BID), bromfenac (BID), and nepafenac (TID) was instructed for 1 day prior to surgery."	( A randomized comparison of to-aqueous penetration of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09% and nepafenac 0.1% in cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.83
"1% at peak dosing levels in patients previously scheduled to undergo phacoemulsification."	( Prostaglandin E2 inhibition of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09%, and nepafenac 0.1% in patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.6
" Patients were instructed to take the NSAID per on-label dosing (twice daily [b."	( Prostaglandin E2 inhibition of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09%, and nepafenac 0.1% in patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.6
"1% and dosed 4 times a day starting 1 day before surgery and continuing for 4 weeks."	( Prophylactic nepafenac and ketorolac versus placebo in preventing postoperative macular edema after uneventful phacoemulsification. Almeida, DR; Bakar, SN; El-Defrawy, SR; Khan, Z; Rahim, K; Urton, T; Xing, L, 2012)	0.75
"3% product may have some advantages over its predecessor: it is dosed once rather than thrice daily, which may increase patient adherence and improve outcomes."	( Nepafenac: an ophthalmic nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug for pain after cataract surgery. Jones, BM; Neville, MW, 2013)	1.83
"The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an analytical method for the estimation of nepafenac as a raw material as well as in dosage form (suspension) by using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC)."	( Development and validation of HPLC analytical method for nepafenac in ophthalmic dosage form (suspension). Akram, M; Aziz, A; Ramesh, V; Sarheed, OA; Usman, S, 2014)	0.86
" Locally-distributed compound concentrations were determined as the difference in levels between dosed and undosed eyes."	( Distribution of topical ocular nepafenac and its active metabolite amfenac to the posterior segment of the eye. Chastain, JE; Chemuturi, NV; Curtis, MA; Dahlin, DC; Gadd, ME; Kapin, MA; Markwardt, KL; Sanders, ME, 2016)	0.72
"3% in a once daily dosage regarding pain and healing after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)."	( Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension 0.3% for the Management of Ocular Pain After Photorefractive Keratectomy. Chronopoulou, KG; Kontadakis, GA; Kymionis, GD; Tabibian, D; Tsopouridou, R, 2018)	1.92
" However, Nevanac® is a suspension eye drop, which clearly lacks patient compliance causing irritation, blurred vision, foreign body sensation along with problematic dosage due to its sticky, inhomogeneous consistence."	( Cyclodextrin-enabled nepafenac eye drops with improved absorption open a new therapeutic window. Balogh, GT; Budai-Szűcs, M; Csorba, A; Facskó, R; Gyarmati, B; Katona, G; Nagy, ZZ; Szente, L; Vincze, A; Zelkó, R, 2023)	1.23

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Role	Description
prodrug	A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug.
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor	A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 2.
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor	A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 1.
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	An anti-inflammatory drug that is not a steroid. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins.
non-narcotic analgesic	A drug that has principally analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory actions. Non-narcotic analgesics do not bind to opioid receptors.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
monocarboxylic acid amide	A carboxamide derived from a monocarboxylic acid.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Nepafenac Action Pathway	29	67

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	18.9586	0.0060	38.0041	19,952.5996	AID1159521; AID1159523
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4983	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.3138	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID743036
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	13.3332	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224893
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	27.5404	0.0123	7.9835	43.2770	AID1645841
EWS/FLI fusion protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	20.2008	0.0013	10.1577	42.8575	AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259256
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	7.0901	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224848; AID1224849
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.6930	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743069
G	Vesicular stomatitis virus	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.7855	0.0007	23.0674	1,258.9301	AID743085
Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0033	9.1582	39.8107	AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	Potency	35.4813	0.0096	10.5250	35.4813	AID1479145
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	100.0000	0.0029	1.7868	10.0000	AID161308
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	100.0000	0.0029	1.8232	10.0000	AID161308
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagy	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-beta	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replication	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasis	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergy	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacterium	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cytokine activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular space	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complex	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
virion membrane	Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
fibrillar center	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (38)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID188026	Pharmacological potency relative to indomethacin for prodrug candidate by adjuvant-induced arthritis assay	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 33, Issue:8	Antiinflammatory agents. 4. Syntheses and biological evaluation of potential prodrugs of 2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetic acid and 2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)benzeneacetic acid.
AID171871	Antiinflammatory activity was tested in Pleural effusion rate assay and the percent change in average volume of pleural fluid at the dose of 100 mg/kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 33, Issue:8	Antiinflammatory agents. 4. Syntheses and biological evaluation of potential prodrugs of 2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetic acid and 2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)benzeneacetic acid.
AID171870	Antiinflammatory activity was tested in Pleural effusion rate assay and the percent change in average volume of pleural fluid at indomethacin dose of 4.0 mg/kg.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 33, Issue:8	Antiinflammatory agents. 4. Syntheses and biological evaluation of potential prodrugs of 2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetic acid and 2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)benzeneacetic acid.
AID171873	Antiinflammatory activity was tested in pleural effusion rate assay and the percent change in average volume of pleural fluid at the dose of 4.0 mg/kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 33, Issue:8	Antiinflammatory agents. 4. Syntheses and biological evaluation of potential prodrugs of 2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetic acid and 2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)benzeneacetic acid.
AID161308	Inhibitory activity against Prostaglandin G/H synthase	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 33, Issue:8	Antiinflammatory agents. 4. Syntheses and biological evaluation of potential prodrugs of 2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetic acid and 2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)benzeneacetic acid.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	1 (0.69)	18.2507
2000's	33 (22.92)	29.6817
2010's	77 (53.47)	24.3611
2020's	33 (22.92)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	61 (38.85%)	5.53%
Reviews	9 (5.73%)	6.00%
Case Studies	14 (8.92%)	4.05%
Observational	3 (1.91%)	0.25%
Other	70 (44.59%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (52)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Pain Control Following Intravitreal Injection Using Topical Nepefanac 0.3% or Pressure Patching: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial [NCT03918590]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-03	Enrolling by invitation
Nepafenac Versus Ketorolac Eye Drops in Prevention of Intraoperative Miosis During Cataract Surgery [NCT03851172]	Phase 2	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-03-01	Not yet recruiting
Clinical Outcomes of Prolensa (Bromfenac Ophthalmic Solution) 0.07% QD vs. Ilevro (Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension) 0.3% QD With Extra (Pulse) Dose on Day of Surgery for Treatment of Ocular Inflammation Associated With Cataract Surgery in a Randomized, Si [NCT03886779]	Phase 4	57 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-30	Completed
Evaluation on Efficacy of Topical Nepafenac as Supplement Therapy in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema [NCT02443012]	Phase 4	47 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Ketorolac Tromethamine 0.4% and Nepafenac 0.1% for the Prevention of Cystoid Macular Edema After Phacoemulsification: Prospective Randomized Double-masked Study [NCT02084576]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-08-31	Completed
Clinical Evaluation of Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension, 0.3% Compared to Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension 0.1% and Vehicle for Prevention and Treatment of Ocular Inflammation and Pain Associated With Cataract Surgery [NCT01318499]	Phase 2	1,342 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Completed
Evaluation of Comfort With the Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Xibrom (Bromfenac Ophthalmic Solution) 0.09% and Nevanac (Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension) 0.1% Following Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) [NCT00828477]	Phase 4	25 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
A Randomized Clinical Two-arm Trial Comparing Inflammation and Cystoid Macular Edema for the Medication Regimens Postoperative Topical NSAIDs and Steroids to Only Postoperative Topical Steroids in Patients Undergoing Corneal Endothelial Transplantations ( [NCT05072262]	Phase 4	300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-25	Recruiting
A Randomized Clinical Three-arm Trial Comparing Inflammation and Cystoid Macular Edema for the Medication Regimens Preoperative and Postoperative Topical NSAIDs to Only Postoperative Topical NSAIDs to Postoperative Topical NSAIDs and Steroids in Patients [NCT05331690]	Phase 4	500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-25	Recruiting
[NCT00818844]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
[NCT00939276]	Phase 3	175 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Terminated(stopped due to Patient recruitment difficulties)
[NCT02506348]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Recruiting
A Randomized, Multicenter, Double Masked, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Group, Bioequivalence Study to Evaluate the Clinical Equivalence and Safety of Nepafenac 0.3% Ophthalmic Suspension (Manufactured by Indoco Remedies Ltd. for Actavis LLC) With IlevroTM [NCT03499873]	Phase 3	448 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-28	Completed
Effect of Topical Nepafenac in Macular Thickening Related to Pan-Retinal Photocoagulation [NCT00801905]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-08-31	Recruiting
Vitreous Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drus Concentrations And Prostaglandin E2 Levels in Vitrectomy Patients Treated With Indomethacin 0.5%, Bromfenac 0.09%, and Nepafenac 0.1% [NCT02361645]	Phase 3	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Tolerability and Toxicity of Topically Applied Nepafenac 0.3% vs Ketorolac 0.5% [NCT02752646]		200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Completed
Phase 4 Study of Topical NSAID for Ophthalmologic Use: Pain Measurement After First Drop. [NCT00869219]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Recruiting
Efficacy of Topic Antiinflammatory Therapy Treatment in Center Point Thickness Secondary to Selective Photocoagulation in Diabetic Macular Edema [NCT00900887]	Phase 2	84 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
A Clinical Safety and Efficacy Comparison of NEVANAC 0.1% to Vehicle Following Cataract Surgery in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients [NCT00782717]	Phase 2	263 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Effect of Anti-inflammatory Topical Prednisolone Acetate 1%, Nepafenac of 0.1% and Ketorolac Tromethamine 0.4% in Intra-operative Mydriasis in Facetectomies [NCT00865540]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Active, not recruiting
Analgesic Effect Of Topical Nepafenac 0.1% On Pain Related To Intravitreal Injections: A Randomized Crossover Study [NCT02821390]		55 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Prophylactic Nepafenac 0.1% and Ketorolac 0.5% Versus Placebo in Preventing Postoperative Macular Edema After Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Cataract Extraction (PNK) [NCT01395069]	Phase 4	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-02-28	Completed
A Randomized Parallel, Masked to Evaluate the Efficacy of Triamcinolone Associated With Nepafenac (Nevanac) Compared With Intravitreal Injection of Triamcinolone for Treatment of Clinically Significant Diabetic Macular Edema [NCT00780780]	Phase 3	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-07-31	Completed
Macular Edema Nepafenac vs. Difluprednate Uveitis Trial [NCT01939691]	Phase 4	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-12	Terminated(stopped due to Difficulty enrolling)
Effect of Nepafenac Eye Drops on Intraocular Pressure - a Randomized Prospective Study [NCT01995890]	Phase 4	327 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Completed
Clinical Evaluation of Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension, 0.3% for Prevention and Treatment of Ocular Inflammation and Pain After Cataract Surgery [NCT01109173]	Phase 3	2,120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
Clinical Outcomes of Bromday (Bromfenac Ophthalmic Solution) 0.09% QD vs. Nevanac (Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension) 0.1% TID for Treatment of Ocular Inflammation Associated With Cataract Surgery [NCT01310127]	Phase 4	23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Completed
A 3-Month Clinical Safety Comparison of Nevanac 0.1% to Acular LS 0.4% and Vehicle Following Cataract Surgery [NCT00332774]	Phase 3	149 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-02-28	Completed
A Comparison of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Inhibition of Acuvail, Xibrom and Nevanac in Patients Undergoing Phacoemulsification [NCT01021761]	Phase 4	126 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Double Masked Evaluation of Acular LS Versus Nevanac for Postoperative Pain Control in Eyes Undergoing PRK [NCT00347204]	Phase 4	40 participants	Interventional	2006-01-31	Completed
Efficacy and Necessity of Anti-inflammatory Drops After Laser Peripheral Iridotomy [NCT02955641]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-11-01	Recruiting
Comparison of the Efficacy of Nepafenac 0.1% and Nepafenac 0.3 % on Pain Associated With Intravitreal Injections, a Triple Arm Study [NCT03406689]		99 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-01	Completed
Influence of Combined Eplerenone , Intravitreal Aflibercept and Topical Nepafenac Therapy on Serous Foveal Detachment in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) [NCT05847049]		16 participants (Actual)	Observational	2023-02-28	Completed
Nepafenac 0.1% Eye Drops, Suspension Compared to Ketorolac Trometamol 0.5% Eye Drops, Solution and Placebo (Nepafenac Vehicle) for the Prevention and Treatment of Ocular Inflammation and Ocular Pain Associated With Cataract Surgery: European Study [NCT00405730]	Phase 3	227 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-11-30	Completed
[NCT00407017]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Comparison of Dropless Prophylaxis After Routine Phacoemulsification to Standard Drops Regimen [NCT02515045]	Phase 4	59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
A Phase II Evaluation of Topical Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatories in Eyes With Non Central Involved Diabetic Macular Edema [NCT01331005]	Phase 2	125 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
Preoperative and Postoperative Nevanac 0.1% Compared to Acular LS for the Treatment of Ocular Inflammation Associated With Cataract Surgery [NCT00333255]	Phase 3	267 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-09-30	Completed
A Comparison of Topical Nepafenac to Placebo in Corneal Epithelial Healing Times and Postoperative Pain Relief of Patients Status Post-Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Double-Masked Randomized Prospective Study [NCT00330798]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-02-28	Completed
Acular LS vs. Nevanac in Post op Inflammation Following Cataract Surgery [NCT00348582]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Phase 2 Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of the Ophthalmic Solution PRO-155 Versus Nevanac 0.1% Ophthalmic Solution in Post Phacoemulsification Patients [NCT01657266]	Phase 2	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
Clinical Study Evaluating Safety and Efficacy of a Nepafenac Punctal Plug Delivery System (N-PPDS) Compared With Placebo Punctal Plug Delivery System (p-PPDS) in Controlling Post-Operative Ocular Pain and Inflammation After Routine Unilateral Cataract Sur [NCT03496467]	Phase 2	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-05	Completed
Randomized, Double-Masked, Vehicle Controlled, Clinical Evaluation To Assess The Safety And Efficacy Of Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension, 0.3% For Improvement In Clinical Outcomes Among Diabetic Subjects Following Cataract Surgery [NCT01872611]	Phase 3	819 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
Pseudophakic Cystoid Macular Edema Prevention and Risk Factors; Prospective Study With Adjunctive Once Daily Topical Nepafenac 0.3% Versus Placebo [NCT03025945]		662 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-31	Completed
[NCT00377546]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Corneal Dystrophies Caused by SLC4A11 Mutation: A Promising New Paradigm Shift in Therapy Using an Ophthalmic Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Eye Drops [NCT04843839]	Phase 2	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-15	Recruiting
Randomized, Double-Masked, Vehicle Controlled, Clinical Evaluation To Assess The Safety And Efficacy Of Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension, 0.3% For Improvement In Clinical Outcomes Among Diabetic Subjects Following Cataract Surgery [NCT01853072]	Phase 3	881 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
Effect of Nepafenac on Post-operative Cystoid Macular Edema Following Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery [NCT00494494]	Phase 4	82 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-06-30	Completed
Vitreous pge2 Level Changes After Topical Administration of Diclofenac 0.1%, Nepafenac 0.3%, Indomethacin 0.5% and Bromfenac 0.09% in Vitrectomy Patients [NCT03597867]	Phase 3	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-25	Completed
A Comparison of Peak Aqueous Penetration of Acuvail, Xibrom, and Nevanac in Patients Undergoing Phacoemulsification [NCT01001806]	Phase 4	126 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Clinical Outcomes of Prolensa (Bromfenac Ophthalmic Solution) 0.07% QD vs. Ilevro (Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension) 0.3% QD for Treatment of Ocular Inflammation Associated With Cataract Surgery [NCT01847638]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-04-01	Completed
Clinical Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension, 0.1% Compared to Placebo for the Prevention and Treatment of Ocular Inflammation and Pain Associated With Cataract Surgery in Adult Chinese Subjects [NCT01426854]	Phase 3	260 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-07-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Trial	Outcome
NCT00494494 (5) [back to overview]	Foveal Thickness
NCT00494494 (5) [back to overview]	Central Macular Thickness (Difference in Mean Pre-post Changes by the Two Treatment Groups)
NCT00494494 (5) [back to overview]	Pre-operative Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA)
NCT00494494 (5) [back to overview]	Post-operative Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA)
NCT00494494 (5) [back to overview]	Macular Volume (Difference in Mean Pre-post Changes by the Two Treatment Groups)
NCT00782717 (2) [back to overview]	Percent of Patients With a Decrease of More Than 5 Letters in Best-corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA).
NCT00782717 (2) [back to overview]	Percent of Patients Who Developed Macular Edema (ME) Within 90 Days Following Cataract Surgery
NCT01001806 (1) [back to overview]	Peak Aqueous Penetration
NCT01021761 (1) [back to overview]	Aqueous PGE2 Inhibition
NCT01109173 (2) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Cured at Day 14
NCT01109173 (2) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Pain-Free at Day 14
NCT01310127 (4) [back to overview]	Summed Ocular Inflammation Score (SOIS)
NCT01310127 (4) [back to overview]	Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) Visual Acuities
NCT01310127 (4) [back to overview]	Macular Volume
NCT01310127 (4) [back to overview]	OCT Retinal Thickness
NCT01318499 (5) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Cured at Day 7, Nepafenac 0.3% vs. Nepafenac 0.1%
NCT01318499 (5) [back to overview]	Cumulative Percent Clinical Success by Visit
NCT01318499 (5) [back to overview]	Cumulative Percentage of Patients Cured by Visit
NCT01318499 (5) [back to overview]	Cumulative Percentage of Patients Pain Free by Visit
NCT01318499 (5) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Cured at Day 14, Nepafenac 0.3% vs. Nepafenac Vehicle 0.3%
NCT01331005 (3) [back to overview]	Change in OCT Central Subfield Thickness
NCT01331005 (3) [back to overview]	Mean Change in Optical Coherence Tomography Measure Retinal Volume, mm3
NCT01331005 (3) [back to overview]	Mean Change in Visual Acuity
NCT01426854 (2) [back to overview]	Proportion of Subjects Who Were Pain-Free at All Postoperative Visits
NCT01426854 (2) [back to overview]	Proportion of Subjects With Clinical Cure at Day 14
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Percentage of Cellularity in Anterior Chamber
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Intraocular Pressure
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Flare in Anterior Chamber
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Epithelial Defects Detected With Green Lissamine
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Epithelial Defects Detected With Fluorescein
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Without Ocular Pain
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Mean Aqueous Concentration of Intervention Drug
NCT01657266 (8) [back to overview]	Retinal Thickness
NCT01847638 (3) [back to overview]	Retinal Thickness
NCT01847638 (3) [back to overview]	Treatment of Inflammation Associated With Cataract Surgery
NCT01847638 (3) [back to overview]	Visual Acuity
NCT01853072 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Develop Macular Edema Within 90 Days Following Cataract Surgery (Day 0)
NCT01853072 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With a > 5-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit [Time Frame: Day 7 up to Any Visit]
NCT01853072 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 60
NCT01853072 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 90
NCT01853072 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With With a > 10-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit
NCT01853072 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Best-corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 14 and Maintained Through Day 90
NCT01872611 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Develop Macular Edema Within 90 Days Following Cataract Surgery (Day 0)
NCT01872611 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With a > 5-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit
NCT01872611 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 60
NCT01872611 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 90
NCT01872611 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Best-corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 14 and Maintained Through Day 90
NCT01872611 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With With a > 10-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit
NCT02515045 (3) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline (Preoperative Exam) in Intraocular Pressure (IOP)
NCT02515045 (3) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline (Preoperative Exam) in Macular Thickness
NCT02515045 (3) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline (Preoperative Exam) in Pachymetry (Corneal Thickness)
NCT03025945 (1) [back to overview]	Post-operative Clinical Findings of Cystoid Macular Edema

Foveal Thickness

difference in mean pre-post changes by the two treatment groups (NCT00494494)
Timeframe: baseline and 8 weeks

Intervention	microns (Mean)
Standard Treatment	-2.0
Nepafenac	4.7

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Nepafenac 0.3%	68.4
NEVANAC	70.0
Nepafenac Vehicle 0.3%	34.0
NEVANAC Vehicle	35.6

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Nepafenac 0.3%	91
NEVANAC	90.9
Nepafenac Vehicle 0.3%	49.7
NEVANAC Vehicle	56.1

Intervention	Percentage of patients (Number)
	Day 1	Day 3	Day 7	Day 14
Nepafenac 0.1%	15.0	35.9	62.5	81.3
Nepafenac 0.3%	18.9	43.9	71.9	84.8
Nepafenac Vehicle 0.3%	12.3	18.7	29.4	37.7

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 1	Day 7	Day 15	Day 30
Nevanac	14.23	15.83	14.54	13.91	13.77
PRO-155	14.07	14.66	14.13	13.81	14.10

Intervention	μm (Mean)
	field A1 day 0	field A1 day 30	field A1 day 60
Nevanac	250.87	264.08	260.13
PRO-155	247.24	252.06	254.06

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Cholera Infantum [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	0	8.49	18	5
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	1	10.49	18	5
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	3.17	5	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	0	2.25	1	0
Ache [description not available]	0	5.36	4	3
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	0	5.36	4	3
Cataract, Membranous [description not available]	0	10.19	18	6
Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)	1	12.19	18	6
alpha-L-Iduronidase Deficiency [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Central Retinal Edema, Cystoid [description not available]	0	13.77	38	20
Pigmentary Retinopathy [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Mucopolysaccharidosis I Systemic lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDURONIDASE) and characterized by progressive physical deterioration with urinary excretion of DERMATAN SULFATE and HEPARAN SULFATE. There are three recognized phenotypes representing a spectrum of clinical severity from severe to mild: Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome and Scheie syndrome (formerly mucopolysaccharidosis V). Symptoms may include DWARFISM; hepatosplenomegaly; thick, coarse facial features with low nasal bridge; corneal clouding; cardiac complications; and noisy breathing.	0	2.6	1	0
Macular Edema Fluid accumulation in the outer layer of the MACULA LUTEA that results from intraocular or systemic insults. It may develop in a diffuse pattern where the macula appears thickened or it may acquire the characteristic petaloid appearance referred to as cystoid macular edema. Although macular edema may be associated with various underlying conditions, it is most commonly seen following intraocular surgery, venous occlusive disease, DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, and posterior segment inflammatory disease. (From Survey of Ophthalmology 2004; 49(5) 470-90)	1	15.77	38	20
Retinitis Pigmentosa Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of pigment in the retina.	0	2.6	1	0
Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye.	0	10.97	8	3
Iritis Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris.	0	2.6	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	0	9.02	2	1
Mydriasis Dilation of pupils to greater than 6 mm combined with failure of the pupils to constrict when stimulated with light. This condition may occur due to injury of the pupillary fibers in the oculomotor nerve, in acute angle-closure glaucoma, and in ADIE SYNDROME.	0	3.92	2	1
Capsule Opacification Clouding or loss of transparency of the posterior lens capsule, usually following CATARACT extraction.	0	3.7	1	1
Complication, Postoperative [description not available]	0	13.31	32	20
Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	0	13.31	32	20
Epiretinal Membrane A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or detaching the FOVEA CENTRALIS. Epiretinal membranes may cause vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in association with RETINAL HOLES, ocular concussions, retinal inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291)	0	6.08	3	3
Macular Holes [description not available]	0	3.64	1	1
Retinal Perforations Perforations through the whole thickness of the retina including the macula as the result of inflammation, trauma, degeneration, etc. The concept includes retinal breaks, tears, dialyses, and holes.	0	3.64	1	1
Chronic Primary Open Angle Glaucoma [description not available]	0	3.97	2	1
Exfoliation Glaucoma [description not available]	0	3.64	1	1
Glaucoma, Open-Angle Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iris.	0	3.97	2	1
Exfoliation Syndrome The deposition of flaky, translucent fibrillar material most conspicuous on the anterior lens capsule and pupillary margin but also in both surfaces of the iris, the zonules, trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, corneal endothelium, and orbital blood vessels. It sometimes forms a membrane on the anterior iris surface. Exfoliation refers to the shedding of pigment by the iris. (Newell, Ophthalmology, 7th ed, p380)	0	3.64	1	1
Pseudophakia Presence of an intraocular lens after cataract extraction.	0	7.31	8	5
Uveitis, Anterior Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced.	0	5.73	5	4
Uveitis Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	10.39	4	1
Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea.	0	3.01	4	0
Eye Pain A dull or sharp painful sensation associated with the outer or inner structures of the eyeball, having different causes.	0	9.6	12	10
Infectious Endophthalmitis Infectious condition of the internal eye.	0	6.72	7	3
Endophthalmitis Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.	0	6.72	7	3
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Choroid Neoplasms Tumors of the choroid; most common intraocular tumors are malignant melanomas of the choroid. These usually occur after puberty and increase in incidence with advancing age. Most malignant melanomas of the uveal tract develop from benign melanomas (nevi).	0	2.25	1	0
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	0	7.49	2	0
Uveal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UVEA.	0	2.49	2	0
Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.	0	9.38	12	7
Constricted Pupil [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Miosis Pupillary constriction. This may result from congenital absence of the dilatator pupillary muscle, defective sympathetic innervation, or irritation of the CONJUNCTIVA or CORNEA.	1	4.17	1	0
Astigmatism Unequal curvature of the refractive surfaces of the eye. Thus a point source of light cannot be brought to a point focus on the retina but is spread over a more or less diffuse area. This results from the radius of curvature in one plane being longer or shorter than the radius at right angles to it. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.56	1	1
Nearsightedness [description not available]	0	5.1	5	2
Acute Post-operative Pain [description not available]	0	9.58	18	10
Myopia A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.	0	5.1	5	2
Pain, Postoperative Pain during the period after surgery.	0	9.58	18	10
Drug Overdose Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.	0	2.17	1	0
Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA.	0	9.53	7	6
Central Serous Retinopathy [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy A visual impairment characterized by the accumulation of fluid under the retina through a defect in the retinal pigment epithelium.	0	2.21	1	0
Hemorrhage, Retinal [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Fuch's Endothelial Dystrophy [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy Disorder caused by loss of endothelium of the central cornea. It is characterized by hyaline endothelial outgrowths on Descemet's membrane, epithelial blisters, reduced vision, and pain.	0	2.1	1	0
Corneal Edema An excessive amount of fluid in the cornea due to damage of the epithelium or endothelium causing decreased visual acuity.	0	2.1	1	0
Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available]	0	4.41	1	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	0	4.41	1	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.	0	4.41	1	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	0	4.41	1	1
Pterygium An abnormal triangular fold of membrane in the interpalpebral fissure, extending from the conjunctiva to the cornea, being immovably united to the cornea at its apex, firmly attached to the sclera throughout its middle portion, and merged with the conjunctiva at its base. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	8.5	1	1
Uveitis, Posterior Inflammation of the choroid as well as the retina and vitreous body. Some form of visual disturbance is usually present. The most important characteristics of posterior uveitis are vitreous opacities, choroiditis, and chorioretinitis.	0	2.13	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	0	2.13	1	0
Chandler Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)	0	7.15	1	0
Leukoma [description not available]	0	4.34	4	1
Corneal Opacity Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque.	0	4.34	4	1
Eye Disorders [description not available]	0	5.82	4	2
Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye.	1	7.82	4	2
Age-Related Macular Degeneration [description not available]	0	7.05	1	0
Macular Degeneration Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.	0	7.05	1	0
Keratitis, Ulcerative [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Corneal Ulcer Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.	0	2.44	2	0
Neovascularization, Optic Disc [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Retinal Neovascularization Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.	0	2.44	2	0
Dry Eye [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Dry Eye Syndromes Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.	0	2.07	1	0
Choroid Neovascularization [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Choked Disk [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Papilledema Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)	0	2.01	1	0
Neuroretinitis [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Retinitis Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).	0	2.94	1	0
Light Sensitivity [description not available]	0	3.41	1	1
Adverse Drug Event [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.	0	2.03	1	0
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Metastase [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	0	2.03	1	0
Farsightedness [description not available]	0	4.12	3	1
Hyperopia A refractive error in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus behind the retina, as a result of the eyeball being too short from front to back. It is also called farsightedness because the near point is more distant than it is in emmetropia with an equal amplitude of accommodation. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.12	3	1
Graft-Versus-Host Disease [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Rupture, Spontaneous Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.	0	2.03	1	0
Graft vs Host Disease The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.	0	2.03	1	0

Intervention	ng/ml (Mean)
Acuvail	688.87
Xibrom	67.64
Nevanac	447.1

Intervention	pg/ml (Mean)
Xibrom	288.7
Nevanac	320.4
Acuvail	224.8

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Bromday	0.15
Nevanac	0.2

nepafenac

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (86)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (5)

Drug Classes (1)

Pathways (1)

Protein Targets (17)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (45)

Molecular Functions (18)

Ceullar Components (23)

Bioassays (38)

Research

Studies (144)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 87.42

Study Types

Clinical Trials (52)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Foveal Thickness

Central Macular Thickness (Difference in Mean Pre-post Changes by the Two Treatment Groups)

Pre-operative Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA)

Post-operative Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA)

Macular Volume (Difference in Mean Pre-post Changes by the Two Treatment Groups)

Percent of Patients With a Decrease of More Than 5 Letters in Best-corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA).

Percent of Patients Who Developed Macular Edema (ME) Within 90 Days Following Cataract Surgery

Peak Aqueous Penetration

Aqueous PGE2 Inhibition

Percentage of Patients Cured at Day 14

Percentage of Patients Pain-Free at Day 14

Summed Ocular Inflammation Score (SOIS)

Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) Visual Acuities

Macular Volume

OCT Retinal Thickness

Percentage of Patients Cured at Day 7, Nepafenac 0.3% vs. Nepafenac 0.1%

Cumulative Percent Clinical Success by Visit

Cumulative Percentage of Patients Cured by Visit

Cumulative Percentage of Patients Pain Free by Visit

Percentage of Patients Cured at Day 14, Nepafenac 0.3% vs. Nepafenac Vehicle 0.3%

Change in OCT Central Subfield Thickness

Mean Change in Optical Coherence Tomography Measure Retinal Volume, mm3

Mean Change in Visual Acuity

Proportion of Subjects Who Were Pain-Free at All Postoperative Visits

Proportion of Subjects With Clinical Cure at Day 14

Percentage of Cellularity in Anterior Chamber

Intraocular Pressure

Flare in Anterior Chamber

Epithelial Defects Detected With Green Lissamine

Epithelial Defects Detected With Fluorescein

Percentage of Patients Without Ocular Pain

Mean Aqueous Concentration of Intervention Drug

Retinal Thickness

Retinal Thickness

Treatment of Inflammation Associated With Cataract Surgery

Visual Acuity

Percentage of Participants Who Develop Macular Edema Within 90 Days Following Cataract Surgery (Day 0)

Percentage of Participants With a > 5-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit [Time Frame: Day 7 up to Any Visit]

Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 60

Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 90

Percentage of Participants With With a > 10-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit

Percentage of Participants With Best-corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 14 and Maintained Through Day 90

Percentage of Participants Who Develop Macular Edema Within 90 Days Following Cataract Surgery (Day 0)

Percentage of Participants With a > 5-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit

Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 60

Percentage of Participants With BCVA Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 90

Percentage of Participants With Best-corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Improvement of ≥ 15 Letters From Preoperative Baseline to Day 14 and Maintained Through Day 90

Percentage of Participants With With a > 10-letter Loss in BCVA From Day 7 to Any Visit