Compounds > resveratrol
Page last updated: 2024-12-05

resveratrol

Description

Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol found in the skin of grapes, berries, peanuts, and other plants. It is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Research suggests that resveratrol may offer a range of health benefits, including protection against heart disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Its synthesis occurs in plants as a defense mechanism against environmental stressors such as UV radiation and fungal infections. Resveratrol activates the SIRT1 gene, which is involved in longevity and metabolic regulation. Its ability to mimic calorie restriction, a dietary intervention known to extend lifespan, has made it a target for studies investigating aging and age-related diseases. Extensive research is ongoing to explore the potential therapeutic applications of resveratrol in various conditions, including diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and obesity. While promising, further research is needed to fully understand its long-term effects and optimal dosage.'

trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID445154
CHEMBL ID165
CHEBI ID27881
CHEBI ID45713
SCHEMBL ID19425
MeSH IDM0165532
PubMed CID5056
CHEMBL ID2019155

Synonyms (277)

Synonym
MLS001076538
BRD-K25591257-001-01-2
BRD-K80738081-001-06-2
5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol
CHEBI:27881 ,
MLS000069735 ,
smr000058206
srt-501
resvida
rm-1812
SDCCGMLS-0002998.P003
c14h12o3
nsc 327430
nsc-327430
nsc327430
SGCUT00007
EU-0101111
inchi=1/c14h12o3/c15-12-5-3-10(4-6-12)1-2-11-7-13(16)9-14(17)8-11/h1-9,15-17h/b2-1
resveratrol, >=99% (hplc)
PRESTWICK3_000508
PRESTWICK2_000508
BPBIO1_000479
PRESTWICK_619
BSPBIO_001114
NCGC00024003-11
resveratol
5-[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol
srt 501
cid_445154
bdbm23926
srt501
chembl165 ,
stilbene, 2f
3,4',5-stilbenetriol
3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene
3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene
1,3-benzenediol, 5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)-, (e)-
(e)-5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3-benzendiol
5-[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)vinyl]benzene-1,3-diol
BSPBIO_000435
IDI1_002152
LOPAC0_001111
NCGC00024003-04
trans-resveratrol
resveratrol ,
3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene
C03582
501-36-0
TO_000079
3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene
CHEBI:45713 ,
DB02709
(e)-resveratrol
(e)-5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)-1,3-benzenediol(e)-5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)-1,3-benzenediol
CU-01000001503-3 ,
NCGC00024003-07
NCGC00024003-08
NCGC00024003-00
NCGC00024003-06
SPECTRUM1502223
SPECTRUM5_000552
BSPBIO_003461
NCGC00024003-05
NCGC00024003-10
NCGC00024003-09
MLS001055357
LMPK13090005
NCGC00017352-07
R 5010 ,
HMS2052I09
533C1DA0-4104-42B5-9D32-9265F40857E4
5-[(1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3-benzenediol
AC-727
HMS1990H15
resveratrol, e-
KUC104385N ,
ksc-10-164
NCGC00017352-17
MLS002207121
srt 501m
ca 1201
resveratrol(e)-form
cuspidatin
(e)-5-(p-hydroxystyryl)resorcinol
bia 6-512
resveratrol p 5
bia-6-512
biofort
melinjo resveratrol 20
MLS002222231
HMS1792H15
HMS1362H15
BRD-K80738081-001-10-4
R0071
trans-1,2-(3,4',5-trihydroxydiphenyl)ethylene
HMS1921N04
HMS1569F17
BRD-K80738081-001-09-6
NCGC00024003-14
NCGC00024003-12
NCGC00024003-13
HMS2096F17
HMS3263O04
trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene
AKOS005720936
q369o8926l ,
ccris 8952
hsdb 7571
5-((1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)-1,3-benzenediol
unii-q369o8926l
dtxcid2011980
tox21_303376
dtxsid4031980 ,
NCGC00257465-01
NCGC00258925-01
tox21_201374
A827984
MLS001424228
tox21_110257
133294-37-8
HMS2232A18
BRD-K80738081-001-23-7
CCG-38874
NCGC00017352-08
NCGC00017352-09
NCGC00017352-14
NCGC00017352-06
NCGC00017352-13
NCGC00017352-15
NCGC00017352-05
NCGC00017352-18
NCGC00017352-19
NCGC00017352-16
NCGC00017352-12
NCGC00017352-11
NCGC00017352-10
(e)-5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)-1,3-benzenediol
3,4',5-trihydroxy-stilbene
(e)-5-(4-hydroxystyryl)benzene-1,3-diol ,
HY-16561
CS-1050
STL146386
BCPP000091
LP01111
REGID_FOR_CID_6240
5-((e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethenyl) benzene-1,3 diol
resveratrol [hsdb]
resveratrol [vandf]
trans-resveratrol [usp-rs]
resveratrol [who-dd]
resveratrol [inci]
resveratrol [mi]
resveratrol [mart.]
S1396
N88795
AB00052942-29
gtpl8741
NC00349
REGID_FOR_CID_445154
BBL028252
SCHEMBL19425
3FTS
tox21_110257_1
NCGC00017352-24
2L98
KS-5047
(e)1-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethene
5[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-vinyl]benzene 1,3-diol
(e)-1-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethene
tox21_501111
NCGC00261796-01
mfcd00133799
5-[(1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3,benzenediol
5-[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzol-1,3-diol
5-[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)vinyl]-1,3-benzenediol
5-[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)vinyl]-1,3-benzoldiol
resveratrol, trans-
5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)vinyl]-1,3-benzenediol
trans-3,4',5 - trihydroxystilbene
1,3-benzenediol, 5-[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-
1,3-benzenediol, 5-[(1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-
1,3-benzenediol, 5-[(1z)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-
trans-resveratrol, united states pharmacopeia (usp) reference standard
HB4055
HMS3403H15
HMS3649A20
AB00052942_31
OPERA_ID_586
4JAZ
4QER
resveratrol, certified reference material, tracecert(r)
resveratrol, analytical standard
resveratrol, vetec(tm) reagent grade, 98%
resveratrol, european pharmacopoeia (ep) reference standard
SR-01000000163-11
SR-01000000163-10
SR-01000000163-3
SR-01000000163-9
sr-01000000163
SR-01000000163-4
SW196786-4
Q407329
HMS3676O14
resveratrol,(s)
31100-06-8
trans-resveratrol 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
AS-12413
SR-01000000163-16
BCP01416
taxuschinensisirehd
HMS3412O14
BRD-K80738081-001-07-0
SDCCGSBI-0051080.P003
NCGC00017352-39
AMY5760
trans resveratrol
1,3-benzenediol, 5-((e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)-
trans [2,5,4'-trihydroxydiphenyl] ethylene
NCGC00017352-31
resveratrol (standard)
HY-16561R
CS-0694771
resveratrol (mart.)
5-((e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)vinyl)benzene-1,3-diol
1,3-benzenediol, 5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethenyl)-, (e)-
5-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)benzene-1,3-diol
trans-resveratrol (usp-rs)
5-((1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)benzene-1,3-diol
HMS3267J06
HMS3394I09
DIVK1C_006487
KBIO1_001431
NCI60_002840
SPECTRUM4_001896
SPECTRUM_001148
BIO2_000877
BIO2_000397
SMP1_000257
OPREA1_727238
KBIO2_000454
KBIO2_003022
KBIO3_002965
KBIOSS_001628
KBIO2_004196
KBIOGR_002457
KBIOGR_000454
KBIO2_001628
MOLMAP_000045
KBIO2_005590
KBIO2_006764
KBIOSS_000454
KBIO3_000847
KBIO3_000848
PRESTWICK1_000508
SPECPLUS_000391
PRESTWICK0_000508
SPECTRUM2_001497
SPECTRUM3_001821
SPBIO_002356
SPBIO_001513
FT-0654236
1,3-benzenediol, 5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-
CHEMBL2019155
(cis-trans)-resveratrol
FT-0603427
NCGC00017352-23
LUKBXSAWLPMMSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)vinyl]benzene-1,3-diol
AKOS025244084
SY014849
HMS3654D04
(resveratrol)
DTXSID10859420
Q60998680
SB17273
HMS3426I09
HMS3871F03

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

Resveratrol and silymarin reduced tBH-induced hepatocyte toxic effects in short term experiments (5h) as measured by a significant reduction in ALT and NO increase. Taken together, the present data indicate that resver atrol is toxic to cultured macrophages, T cells and skin cells at concentrations>or=25 micromol L(-1)

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands such as dioxin and benzo[a]pyrene are environmental contaminants with many adverse health effects, including immunosuppression, carcinogenesis, and endothelial cell damage."( Resveratrol has antagonist activity on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor: implications for prevention of dioxin toxicity.
Casper, RF; Jolivet, A; Milgrom, E; Quesne, M; Rogers, IM; Savouret, JF; Shirota, T, 1999)		0.3
"beta-Amyloid peptide (beta-AP) elicits a toxic effect on neurons in vitro and in vivo."( Synergistic protection of PC12 cells from beta-amyloid toxicity by resveratrol and catechin.
Conte, A; Pellegrini, S; Tagliazucchi, D, 2003)		0.32
" Most of the adverse events occurred in the rats administered 3000 mg per kilogram body weight per day."( Resveratrol-associated renal toxicity.
Booth, TD; Crowell, JA; Korytko, PJ; Levine, BS; Morrissey, RL, 2004)		0.32
" The toxic effects of dioxin are realized via its interaction with the Ah-receptor."( Flavonoids and resveratrol as regulators of Ah-receptor activity: protection from dioxin toxicity.
Devichenskii, VM; Gapparov, MM; Pevnitskii, LA; Telegin, LY; Tutel'yan, VA, 2003)		0.32
" These findings confirm a key role for glutathione in protecting cells from CsA-induced adverse effects and do not support a direct link between CsA-mediated ROS generation and adverse renal effects."( Diverse effects of natural antioxidants on cyclosporin cytotoxicity in rat renal tubular cells.
Capasso, G; Chiodini, P; Della Ragione, F; Di Gennaro, CI; Galletti, P; Indaco, S; Manna, C; Migliardi, V; Zappia, V, 2005)		0.33
" However, adverse health effects of phytoestrogens have often been ignored."( Genotoxicity of phytoestrogens.
Kobras, K; Schmitt, E; Stopper, H, 2005)		0.33
" Estrogen receptor positive (ER+) MCF-7 human mammary carcinoma, HepG2 (ER+) human hepatocellular carcinoma and VERO estrogen receptor negative (ER-) non-transformed monkey fibroblast cell lines were treated with alachlor and acetochlor (2-500 microg/ml) as toxic agents, and RESV (10 microM) as preventive agent."( Chemopreventive properties of trans-resveratrol against the cytotoxicity of chloroacetanilide herbicides in vitro.
Jakab, MG; Kocsis, Z; Marcsek, ZL; Szende, B; Tompa, A, 2005)		0.33
"Zinc neurotoxicity has been demonstrated in ischemic, seizure, hypoglycemic, and trauma-induced neuronal death where Zn(2+) is thought to be synaptically released and taken up in neighbouring neurons, reaching toxic concentrations."( Zinc neurotoxicity is dependent on intracellular NAD levels and the sirtuin pathway.
Cai, AL; Sheline, CT; Zipfel, GJ, 2006)		0.33
"Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, such as Huntington's disease and Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), are caused by gain of toxic function of abnormally expanded polyQ tracts."( Bax-inhibiting peptide protects cells from polyglutamine toxicity caused by Ku70 acetylation.
Cohen, HY; Gama, V; Gomez, JA; Ishikawa, K; Li, Y; Matsuyama, S; Mizusawa, H; Sasaguri, H; Sinclair, DA; Yokota, T; Yoshida, T, 2007)		0.34
" Taken together, the present data indicate that resveratrol is toxic to cultured macrophages, T cells and skin cells at concentrations>or=25 micromol L(-1), and that the cytotoxicity occurs via a mechanism that does not involve oxidative stress."( Evaluation of resveratrol and piceatannol cytotoxicity in macrophages, T cells, and skin cells.
Billack, B; Hardej, D; Lau-Cam, C; Radkar, V, 2007)		0.34
" However, the most common adverse effect, nephrotoxicity, limits the use of this drug in many cancer patients."( Resveratrol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Antunes, LM; Bianchi, Mde L; Coimbra, TM; Costa, RS; Darin, JD; Do Amaral, CL; Francescato, HD, 2008)		0.35
" Resveratrol and silymarin reduced tBH-induced hepatocyte toxic effects in short term experiments (5h) as measured by a significant reduction in ALT and NO increase produced by tBH."( Effects of resveratrol pretreatment on tert-butylhydroperoxide induced hepatocyte toxicity in immobilized perifused hepatocytes: involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase and hemoxygenase-1.
Canová, NK; Cerný, D; Farghali, H; Horínek, A; Kmonícková, E; Martínek, J; Zídek, Z, 2009)		0.35
" Adverse events were mild in severity and similar between all groups."( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of trans-resveratrol in a rising multiple-dose study in healthy volunteers.
Almeida, L; Costa, R; Falcão, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2009)		0.35
" A plausible criterion for the use of such compounds is that they should not exert any toxic effect on normal cells."( Cytometric analysis of cytotoxicity of polyphenols and related phenolics to rat thymocytes: potent cytotoxicity of resveratrol to normal cells.
Fujimoto, A; Masuda, T; Matsui, H; Nishimura, Y; Oyama, T; Oyama, Y; Sakanashi, Y, 2009)		0.35
" To evaluate the practical usefulness of resveratrol, this study examined the protective effect of oral resveratrol on the sub-acute toxic effects of TCDD in C57BL/6J mice."( Attenuation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity by resveratrol: a comparative study with different routes of administration.
Akamine, A; Hashiguchi, I; Ike, A; Ishida, T; Ishii, Y; Koga, T; Kuramoto, C; Takeda, T; Taketoh, J; Yahata, M; Yamada, H, 2009)		0.35
" In a 28-day study, Resvida caused no adverse effects in rats at 50, 150 and 500 mg/kg bw/day."( Safety studies conducted on high-purity trans-resveratrol in experimental animals.
Bausch, J; Beck, M; Burdock, GA; Edwards, JA; Williams, LD, 2009)		0.35
" Although several COX-2 inhibitors are known to exert chemopreventive efficacy, not all are considered ideal candidates for chemoprevention due to the risk of adverse cardiovascular events."( Chemopreventive doses of resveratrol do not produce cardiotoxicity in a rodent model of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Bishayee, A; Booth, TD; Hodnichak, CM; Luther, DJ; Meszaros, JG; Ohanyan, V; Shamhart, PE; Sisakian, H, 2011)		0.37
"The clinical use of cisplatin, a potent antineoplastic agent, is limited by its severe adverse effects."( Resveratrol protects against Cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity by alleviating oxidative damage.
Han, Y; He, D; Jin, S; Qi, F; Wang, J; Zhang, Q, 2009)		0.35
" Our data demonstrate that both melatonin and resveratrol, as found in red wine, protect the heart in an experimental model of myocardial infarction via the SAFE pathway."( Is red wine a SAFE sip away from cardioprotection? Mechanisms involved in resveratrol- and melatonin-induced cardioprotection.
Lacerda, L; Lamont, KT; Lecour, S; Opie, LH; Somers, S, 2011)		0.37
" However, information on potential agent(s) that may protect the cerebellum against the toxic effects of ethanol is lacking."( Resveratrol restores Nrf2 level and prevents ethanol-induced toxic effects in the cerebellum of a rodent model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
Dipette, DJ; Kumar, A; Lavoie, HA; Singh, CK; Singh, US, 2011)		0.37
" Based on body weight effects, the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for resveratrol was 200mg/kg/day in rats and 600 mg/kg/day in dogs."( Subchronic oral toxicity and cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol with cancer preventive activity.
Crowell, JA; Johnson, WD; Kapetanovic, I; McCormick, DL; Morrissey, RL; Muzzio, M; Usborne, AL, 2011)		0.37
"One of the most important adverse effects of cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent which is widely used in the treatment of cancer patients, is hearing loss."( The effect of resveratrol on the prevention of cisplatin ototoxicity.
Bayindir, T; Erdem, T; Filiz, A; Iraz, M; Selimoglu, E, 2012)		0.38
" Despite their genotoxic effects, resveratrol, genistein, and baicalein did not cause mutagenesis, which is a major side effect of conventional anticancer drugs."( High-throughput genotoxicity assay identifies antioxidants as inducers of DNA damage response and cell death.
Austin, CP; Fox, JT; Huang, R; Myung, K; Sakamuru, S; Simmons, SO; Teneva, N; Tice, RR; Xia, M, 2012)		0.38
"The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the release of progesterone by porcine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) after exposure to toxic concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON), resveratrol (RSV), and their combination (DON with RSV)."( Resveratrol inhibits reproductive toxicity induced by deoxynivalenol.
Capcarova, M; Ciereszko, RE; Kolesarova, A; Lukac, N; Maruniakova, N; Sirotkin, AV, 2012)		0.38
" In conclusion, our results indicate protective effects of resveratrol at low doses against genetic damage and adverse effects induced by (131)I administration."( Resveratrol mitigates genotoxicity induced by iodine-131 in primary human lymphocytes.
Hedayati, M; Hosseinimehr, SJ; Shafaghati, N, 2013)		0.39
" Following a 24-hour incubation of a toxic concentration of CEES (1000 μmol L-1), we used the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] test to analyse cell viability."( Ebselen analogues reduce 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulphide toxicity in A-431 cells.
Billack, B; Pietka-Ottlik, M; Pino, MA, 2013)		0.39
" Any adverse effects (mainly concerning the abdomen), at doses of ≥0."( Review of recent data on the metabolism, biological effects, and toxicity of resveratrol in humans.
Beaudeux, JL; Cottart, CH; Nivet-Antoine, V, 2014)		0.4
" The study revealed that there were no significant treatment related adverse effects in rats exposed to Longevinex for 28 days and considered safe at the given dose where compared to plain Resveratrol."( Sub-acute toxicity profile of a modified resveratrol supplement.
Sali, VK; Sangeetha, MK; Thanka, J; Vallabi, DE; Vasanthi, HR, 2013)		0.39
"The herbicide itself and the degradation products are highly toxic on biological systems."( The effects of resveratrol against trifluralin toxicity in the urinary tract of rats.
Denek, Z; Erbil, G; Micili, SC; Ozbal, S; Ozogul, C, 2016)		0.43
"Doxorubicin is one of the most widely used anti-cancer drugs, but its clinical application is compromised by severe adverse effects in different organs including cardiotoxicity."( AMP-activated protein kinase α2 and E2F1 transcription factor mediate doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity by forming a positive signal loop in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and non-carcinoma cells.
Choe, W; Ha, J; Im, DU; Kang, I; Kim, J; Kim, SS; Ock, S; Park, IJ; Seo, SM; Shin, HY; Viollet, B; Yang, W; Yun, H, 2014)		0.4
" MSE powder was well tolerated up to the oral dosing of 5000 mg with no serious adverse events."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of resveratrol derivatives in humans after oral administration of melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) seed extract powder.
Asama, T; Hashimoto, K; Higaki, K; Hikami, S; Iizuna, S; Kimura, Y; Ota, H; Tani, H; Tatefuji, T; Yoshimatsu, M, 2014)		0.4
" Blood chemistry values remained within the normal range, and there were no significant differences in the number of participants reporting adverse events across conditions."( Safety and metabolic outcomes of resveratrol supplementation in older adults: results of a twelve-week, placebo-controlled pilot study.
Anton, SD; Doss, H; Embry, C; Leeuwenburgh, C; Lu, X; Manini, TM; Marsiske, M, 2014)		0.4
" Several edible and safe lipids, surfactants and cosolvents were screened for solubilization of resevratrol."( Lipid based nanoemulsifying resveratrol for improved physicochemical characteristics, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antiangiogenic efficacy.
Joshi, A; More, U; Pund, S; Thakur, R, 2014)		0.4
"Cardiotoxicity is an aggravating side effect of many clinical antineoplastic agents such as arsenic trioxide (As2O3), which is the first-line treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)."( Arsenic trioxide and resveratrol show synergistic anti-leukemia activity and neutralized cardiotoxicity.
Chen, M; Fan, Y; Fang, K; Meng, J; Tu, Y; Wan, L; Yu, L; Zhu, W, 2014)		0.4
"Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug, but it generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induce severe adverse effects such as ototoxicity."( Protective effect of resveratrol against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in HEI-OC1 auditory cells.
An, YS; Chang, J; Choi, J; Im, GJ; Kim, HS; Lee, SH, 2015)		0.42
" The results also inspired us to think about a "supplementary regimen" to increase safety and decrease the adverse effect in the treatment of corneal infections."( The effect of resveratrol on protecting corneal epithelial cells from cytotoxicity caused by moxifloxacin and benzalkonium chloride.
Chen, RH; Chen, TC; Hu, FR; Su, MJ; Tsai, TH; Tsai, TY; Wang, IJ; Yeh, CY, 2015)		0.42
" Results indicate a higher toxic effect of the mycotoxins when they are co-exposed."( Cytotoxicity of the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin A on Caco-2 cell line in presence of resveratrol.
Cano-Sancho, G; Fernández-Cruz, ML; González-Arias, CA; Ramos, AJ; Sanchis, V, 2015)		0.42
" Primary outcome measures include a primary side effect profile determined by participant interview, a side effect profile determined by serum biochemistry and vital signs."( Proposed trial: safety and efficacy of resveratrol for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated insulin resistance in adolescents who are overweight or obese adolescents - rationale and protocol.
Dolinsky, VW; Duhamel, T; McGavock, J; Robert, M; T' Jong, GW; Wicklow, B; Wittmeier, K, 2015)		0.42
" Following treatment for 48 h, the highly toxic radiocontrast agent, ioxitalamate, exerted cytotoxic effects on the HK-2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, as shown by MTT assay."( Resveratrol alleviates the cytotoxicity induced by the radiocontrast agent, ioxitalamate, by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species in HK-2 human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells in vitro.
Chen, YY; Cheng, CC; Huang, YT; Lai, PC; Lai, YH; Lin, TC; Liu, CH; Su, YS, 2016)		0.43
" Because of the probable link between hIAPP and the development of type II diabetes, there has been strong interest in developing reagents to study the aggregation of hIAPP and possible therapeutics to block its toxic effects."( Inhibition of IAPP Aggregation and Toxicity by Natural Products and Derivatives.
Brender, JR; Fierke, CA; Pithadia, A; Ramamoorthy, A, 2016)		0.43
" Res, a natural antioxidant, and TC, an antibiotic with its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, offered significant protection from severe oxidative stress and inflammation and ameliorated the general well-being of mice against the toxic outcome of PQ."( Effect of resveratrol and tetracycline on the subacute paraquat toxicity in mice.
Ambhore, PD; Pawar, PP; Puttewar, S; Satpute, RM; Sawale, SD, 2017)		0.46
"Repeated Mn administration induces toxic effects in several rat brain structures and treatment with R and QCT may be a potential therapeutic strategy to attenuate the metal neurotoxicity."( Manganese neurotoxicity and protective effects of resveratrol and quercetin in preclinical research.
Filip, M; Gawlik, M; Gawlik, MB; Smaga, I, 2017)		0.46
" Hence, NIC could exacerbate adverse effects of AZA while antioxidants such as resveratrol (RES) could prevent it."( Nicotine Exposure Augments Renal Toxicity of 5-aza-cytidine Through p66shc: Prevention by Resveratrol.
Arany, I; Dixit, M; Faisal, A; Hall, S, 2017)		0.46
"RES can protect the kidney from adverse effects of NIC in patients undergoing anticancer therapy."( Nicotine Exposure Augments Renal Toxicity of 5-aza-cytidine Through p66shc: Prevention by Resveratrol.
Arany, I; Dixit, M; Faisal, A; Hall, S, 2017)		0.46
" Hence, we hypothesized that if RES is used in combination with bevacizumab (BEV, anti-VEGF), it could reverse the adverse effects that precipitate fibrotic changes, drusen formation, tractional retinal detachment and so on."( Resveratrol reverses the adverse effects of bevacizumab on cultured ARPE-19 cells.
Archunan, G; Begum, N; Chevour, P; Das, D; Jayadev, C; Jeyabalan, N; Krishna, L; Ponnalagu, M; Sharma, A; Shetty, R; Subramani, M, 2017)		0.46
" In conclusion, resveratrol can reverse the adverse effects of obesity on oocytes, which is beneficial for subsequent embryonic development."( Resveratrol reverses the adverse effects of a diet-induced obese murine model on oocyte quality and zona pellucida softening.
Feng, D; Feng, X; Feng, Z; Jia, Z; Li, H; Wang, H; Wang, L; Xu, D; Zhao, X, 2018)		0.48
" Higher percentages of adverse events were detected in groups 2 (31."( Efficacy and safety of resveratrol, an oral hemoglobin F-augmenting agent, in patients with beta-thalassemia intermedia.
Bordbar, M; Eshghi, P; Haghpanah, S; Hoormand, M; Karimi, M; Zarei, T; Zekavat, O, 2018)		0.48
" The present study examined the potential developmental toxicity of resveratrol, a dietary supplement widely marketed with various health claims, using the P19C5 embryoid body (EB) morphogenesis assay, which evaluates adverse effects of chemical exposures on tissue growth and axial elongation."( Embryoid body test with morphological and molecular endpoints implicates potential developmental toxicity of trans-resveratrol.
Kim, IQ; Marikawa, Y, 2018)		0.48
" Acute pre-exposure to resveratrol potentiated the toxic effect of the metal by reducing ATP levels, while post-iron chronic resveratrol treatment following the iron exposure increased the worms' survival and reduced the generation of reactive species and neuronal damage."( Resveratrol attenuates iron-induced toxicity in a chronic post-treatment paradigm in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Ávila, DS; Puntel, RL; Soares, MV, 2018)		0.48
" This study aims to evaluate the effect of resveratrol, as an adjuvant with meloxicam (Mlx), on the pain and functional activity during a 90-day period and monitor the adverse effects on kidney and liver functions, lipid profile, and hematological markers."( Efficacy and safety of co-administration of resveratrol with meloxicam in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot interventional study.
Ahmmad, RS; Ali, ZS; Hussain, SA; Marouf, BH, 2018)		0.48
" The clinical and biochemical markers indicated that 500 mg/day of resveratrol, as an adjuvant with Mlx, is safe and well tolerated by the knee OA patients."( Efficacy and safety of co-administration of resveratrol with meloxicam in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot interventional study.
Ahmmad, RS; Ali, ZS; Hussain, SA; Marouf, BH, 2018)		0.48
" Toxic concentration ranges were determined by the brine shrimp lethality test on Artemia salina."( Cytotoxic Effects of Resveratrol, Rutin and Rosmarinic Acid on ARH-77 Human (Multiple Myeloma) Cell Line.
Artagan, O; Canturk, Z; Dikmen, M; Ozarda, MG; Ozturk, N, 2016)		0.43
"Lead (Pb) is recognized as the first heavy metal of the top six toxic air pollutants threatening human health and the second hazardous substance."( The role of NF-κB and AhR transcription factors in lead-induced lung toxicity in human lung cancer A549 cells.
Attafi, IM; Bakheet, SA; Korashy, HM, 2020)		0.56
" The toxic fluorophore N-retinyl-N-retinylidene ethanolamine (A2E), a major lipofuscin component, accumulates in RPE cells with age."( Toxic effects of A2E in human ARPE-19 cells were prevented by resveratrol: a potential nutritional bioactive for age-related macular degeneration treatment.
Alaimo, A; Chaufan, G; Di Santo, MC; Domínguez Rubio, AP; García Liñares, G; Pérez, OE, 2020)		0.56
" Resveratrol could play a toxic role through inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell in a time- and concentration-dependent manner."( The Cytotoxicity Effect of Resveratrol: Cell Cycle Arrest and Induced Apoptosis of Breast Cancer 4T1 Cells.
Chen, K; Chen, L; Han, X; Sun, L; Wu, H; Zhu, F, 2019)		0.51
"Acute renal failure induced by a toxic dose of acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol, or APAP) is common in both humans and experimental animal models."( Suppression of glomerular damage and apoptosis and biomarkers of acute kidney injury induced by acetaminophen toxicity using a combination of resveratrol and quercetin.
Abdel Kader, DH; Al-Ani, B; Dallak, M; Dawood, AF; Eid, RA; Haidara, MA; Kamar, SS; Shams Eldeen, AM, 2022)		0.72
"Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic pollutant with high nephrotoxicity in the agricultural environment."( Ameliorative effects of resveratrol against cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity via modulating nuclear xenobiotic receptor response and PINK1/Parkin-mediated Mitophagy.
Ge, J; Guo, K; Li, JL; Li, YH; Lv, MW; Talukder, M; Zhang, C; Zhang, Q, 2020)		0.56
" Application of Dx in the first phase of wound would help the wound area heal faster with a safe profile."( Comparative Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Collagen Laminin-Based Dermal Matrix Combined With Resveratrol Microparticles (Dermalix) and Standard Wound Care for Diabetic Foot Ulcers.
Biray Avcı, Ç; Çetinkalp, Ş; Doğan, F; Eroğlu, İ; Gökçe, EH; Gündüz, C; Özer, Ö; Şimşir, I; Tuncay Tanrıverdi, S; Utku, T, 2021)		0.62
" Myotoxicity of statins in certain individuals is often a severe side effect leading to withdrawal."( Resveratrol for protection against statin toxicity in C2C12 and H9c2 cells.
Attalah Nee Rezkallah, C; Chen, QM; Thongkum, A; Zhu, C, 2020)		0.56
" Indeed, toxicity and adverse effects were reported following consumption of RE; therefore, extensive future studies on the long-term effects, as well as the in vivo adverse effects, of RE supplementation in humans are needed."( Potential Adverse Effects of Resveratrol: A Literature Review.
Abdel-Rahman, WM; Al-Mohannadi, A; Alhababi, D; Eid, AH; Halabi, S; Hasan, H; Nasrallah, GK; Pintus, G; Posadino, AM; Shaito, A; Younes, N, 2020)		0.56
" These xenobiotics interact individually or in combination with biological systems and act as carcinogen or produce other toxic effects including reproductive and degenerative diseases."( In vitro and in vivo effects of flubendiamide and copper on cyto-genotoxicity, oxidative stress and spleen histology of rats and its modulation by resveratrol, catechin, curcumin and α-tocopherol.
Garg, SK; Kumar, R; Mandil, R; Prakash, A; Rahal, A; Sharma, D; Singh, SP, 2020)		0.56
"Cisplatin is an important antineoplastic drug used in multiple chemotherapeutic regimens but unfortunately causes serious toxic effects as ovarian and uterine toxicity."( Resveratrol protects against cisplatin-induced ovarian and uterine toxicity in female rats by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.
Abd El-Fadeal, NM; Abd-Eltawab Tammam, A; Albahlol, IA; Ibrahim, MA; Kelleni, MT; Mohamed, AA; Sayeed, MU; Wani, FA, 2021)		0.62
" The combinations of the anthelmintic drug with antioxidants RSV and SkQ1 ameliorate host oxidative stress and mitigate adverse effects of PZQ on hepatic parenchyma."( Antioxidants resveratrol and SkQ1 attenuate praziquantel adverse effects on the liver in Opisthorchis felineus infected hamsters.
Cheng, G; Kolosova, NG; Mordvinov, VA; Pakharukova, MY; Rakhmetova, AS; Zaparina, O, 2021)		0.62
"Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used chemical with toxic effects on the liver."( A Quantitative Study on the Protective Effects of Resveratrol against Bisphenol A-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: A Stereological Study.
Bordbar, H; Fazelian-Dehkordi, K; Nadimi, E; Soleymani, F; Yahyavi, SS, 2021)		0.62
"Although doxorubicin chemotherapeutic drug is commonly used to treat various solid and hematological tumors, its clinical use is restricted because of its adverse effects on the normal cells/tissues, especially cardiotoxicity."( A Systematic Review of the Potential Chemoprotective Effects of Resveratrol on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Focus on the Antioxidant, Antiapoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.
Hu, LF; Jin, KT; Lan, HR; Li, XM, 2021)		0.62
" Prenatal exposure to Cd results in adverse effects on fetal development."( Resveratrol ameliorates toxic effects of cadmium on placental development in mouse placenta and human trophoblast cells.
Jiang, X; Liu, G; Wang, W; Wu, G, 2021)		0.62
" Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated during the study period."( Efficacy and safety of Resveratrol combined with Ablative Fractional CO
Chen, HD; Du, YM; Gao, XH; Li, M; Qi, RQ; Wang, YB; Wu, Y; Zeng, J, 2021)		0.62
"EDVAE had a protective role in Aβ-induced toxicity in the transgenic AD nematodes, possibly through reducing accumulation of toxic Aβ and enhancing the ability of nematodes to resist oxidative stress."( Deer antler extracts reduce amyloid-beta toxicity in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer's disease.
Du, F; Jiao, J; Li, C; Yang, Y; Yao, M; Zhao, H, 2022)		0.72
"Despite the extensive therapeutic uses of diclofenac, it may cause several adverse effects, including hepatorenal injury."( Resveratrol mitigates diclofenac-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats via modulation of miR-144/Nrf2/GSH axis.
Abdelmonem, M; Ahmed, KA; Elbaz, EM, 2022)		0.72
" This systematic review and meta-analysis found that 1) curcumin may decrease body mass index (BMI), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Triglycerides (TG) total cholesterol (TC), and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to placebo; and curcumin does not increase the occurrence of adverse events."( Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenol supplementation in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chen, J; Ge, A; Ge, J; Wang, S; Xu, H; Yang, K; Yuan, X; Zeng, L; Zhang, T, 2022)		0.72
" Adverse effects were tabulated using the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4."( Safety and Efficacy of Combined Resveratrol and Sirolimus in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Cole, AG; Gupta, N; Holz, MK; Ingledue, R; Kopras, EJ; McCormack, FX; McMahan, S; Robbins, N; Singla, A; Swigris, J; Zhang, B; Zhou, Y, 2023)		0.91
"The addition of resveratrol was safe and well tolerated in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis taking sirolimus and was associated with modest improvement in HRQOL."( Safety and Efficacy of Combined Resveratrol and Sirolimus in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Cole, AG; Gupta, N; Holz, MK; Ingledue, R; Kopras, EJ; McCormack, FX; McMahan, S; Robbins, N; Singla, A; Swigris, J; Zhang, B; Zhou, Y, 2023)		0.91
"Penconazole (PEN) is a typical systemic triazole fungicide with cardiac toxic effects."( Resveratrol ameliorates penconazole-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis in zebrafish larvae.
Hu, J; Jiang, X; Liu, J; Sun, X; Wang, J; Zhou, W; Zhu, H, 2023)		0.91
" The addition of dietary polyphenols did not increase adverse events."( Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenols in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 randomized controlled trials.
Chen, Y; Deng, Y; Guo, H; He, Q; Huang, Z; Li, H; Long, Z; Wei, H; Xiang, W; Xiao, W; Yang, K; Yuan, M; Yuan, X; Zeng, L, 2023)		0.91
" Resveratrol (RES), present in the edible portions of numerous plants, is a simply acquirable and correspondingly less toxic natural compound with neuroprotective potential, which provides some theoretical bases for antagonizing Cd-induced cerebral toxicity."( Resveratrol protects against cadmium-induced cerebrum toxicity through modifications of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system in microsomes.
Ge, J; Li, JL; Li, JY; Lv, MW; Sun, XH; Zhang, C, 2023)		0.91
" Toxic effects of ortho-PCB 153 (cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cell death) were mitigated by resveratrol."( Resveratrol ameliorates ortho- polychlorinated biphenyls' induced toxicity in ovary cells.
Kmetič, I; Kovač, V; Miletić, M; Murati, T; Petković, T; Pleadin, J; Šimić, B; Štrac, DŠ, 2023)		0.91
" However, chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is a serious side effect secondary to cardiac damage caused by antineoplastic's direct and indirect toxicity."( Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: a new perspective on the role of Digoxin, ATG7 activators, Resveratrol, and herbal drugs.
Al-Hussaniy, HA; Al-Samydai, AM; Al-Tameemi, ZS; Al-Zobaidy, MAJ; Alburghaif, AH; Alkhafaje, Z; Alkuraishy, HM; Azam, F; Mostafa-Hedeab, G; Naji, MA, 2023)		0.91
"This study aims to evaluate the radioprotective effects of liposomes encapsulating curcumin (Lip-CUR), silibinin (Lip-SIL), α-tocopherol (Lip-TOC), quercetin (Lip-QUE) and resveratrol (Lip-RES) in alleviating the adverse effects of ionising irradiation on human lymphoctyes and skin cells in radiotherapy."( Comparison of the radioprotective effects of the liposomal forms of five natural radioprotectants in alleviating the adverse effects of ionising irradiation on human lymphocytes and skin cells in radiotherapy.
Le, HS; Le, XC; Nguyen, MH; Nguyen, TH; Pham, BN; Pham, ND; Tran, LB; Tran, TN; Vo, KH; Vu, NB, 2023)		0.91

Pharmacokinetics

The rate of absorption of trans-resveratrol following an oral 400 mg single-dose was significantly delayed by the presence of food, as reflected by Cmax and tmax. TMS had greater plasma exposure, longer elimination half-life and lower clearance.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" As part of a chemoprevention drug development programme, the pharmacokinetic properties of DMU 212 were compared with those of resveratrol in the plasma, liver, kidney, lung, heart, brain and small intestinal and colonic mucosa of mice."( Pharmacokinetics in mice and growth-inhibitory properties of the putative cancer chemopreventive agent resveratrol and the synthetic analogue trans 3,4,5,4'-tetramethoxystilbene.
Boocock, D; Farmer, PB; Gescher, AJ; Jones, DJ; Potter, GA; Ruparelia, KC; Sale, S; Steward, WP; Verschoyle, RD; Wilsher, N, 2004)		0.32
" The application of the assay to determine the pharmacokinetic disposition after a single oral dose to rats is described."( Stereospecific determination of cis- and trans-resveratrol in rat plasma by HPLC: application to pharmacokinetic studies.
Chen, X; He, H; Ma, L; Ren, W; Wang, G; Yang, B; Yu, Q, 2007)		0.34
" The area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC) values for resveratrol-3-sulfate and resveratrol monoglucuronides were up to 23 times greater than those of resveratrol."( Phase I dose escalation pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers of resveratrol, a potential cancer chemopreventive agent.
Boocock, DJ; Booth, TD; Brenner, DE; Brown, VA; Crowell, JA; Ducharme, MP; Faust, GE; Gescher, AJ; Patel, KR; Perloff, M; Schinas, AM; Steward, WP, 2007)		0.34
" The validated method was used to study the pharmacokinetic profiles of OXY and RES in rat plasma after oral administration of Smilax china root extract."( High performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination and pharmacokinetic studies of oxyresveratrol and resveratrol in rat plasma after oral administration of Smilax china extract.
Chen, G; Guo, DA; Huang, H; Li, P; Lu, Z; Sha, N; Shao, B; Wang, X; Zhang, J, 2008)		0.35
"There was a large interindividual variability in the trans-resveratrol pharmacokinetic parameters."( Effect of food on the pharmacokinetic profile of trans-resveratrol.
Almeida, L; Falcao, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2008)		0.35
"The rate of absorption of trans-resveratrol following an oral 400 mg single-dose was significantly delayed by the presence of food, as reflected by Cmax and tmax."( Effect of food on the pharmacokinetic profile of trans-resveratrol.
Almeida, L; Falcao, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2008)		0.35
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of diltiazem and desacetyldiltiazem were determined after an oral administration of diltiazem (15 mg/kg) to rats in the presence and absence of resveratrol (0."( Effects of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem and its major metabolite, desacetyldiltiazem, in rats.
Choi, DH; Choi, JS; Hong, SP, 2008)		0.35
" In comparison with resveratrol, TMS had greater plasma exposure, longer elimination half-life and lower clearance."( A rapid HPLC method for the quantification of 3,5,4'-trimethoxy-trans-stilbene (TMS) in rat plasma and its application in pharmacokinetic study.
Ho, PC; Lin, HS, 2009)		0.35
" Trans-resveratrol half-life was 1-3 h following single-doses and 2-5 h following repeated dosing."( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of trans-resveratrol in a rising multiple-dose study in healthy volunteers.
Almeida, L; Costa, R; Falcão, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2009)		0.35
"A number of pharmacokinetic studies have shown marked differences in the plasma metabolic profile of resveratrol (RES) between humans and animals and between individuals of the same species, which complicates the identification of the putative bioactive metabolites responsible for the beneficial effects of RES."( Pharmacokinetic study of trans-resveratrol in adult pigs.
Azorín-Ortuño, M; Espín, JC; García-Conesa, MT; Larrosa, M; Pallarés, FJ; Tomás-Barberán, F; Vallejo, F; Yañéz-Gascón, MJ, 2010)		0.36
" Noncompartmental analysis was used to derive pharmacokinetic parameters."( Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats.
Huang, Z; Kapetanovic, IM; McCormick, DL; Muzzio, M; Thompson, TN, 2011)		0.37
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model which allowed the simultaneous modeling of trans-resveratrol and its glucuronide and sulfate conjugates."( Population pharmacokinetic modeling of trans-resveratrol and its glucuronide and sulfate conjugates after oral and intravenous administration in rats.
Alfaras, I; Colom, H; Juan, ME; Maijó, M; Planas, JM, 2011)		0.37
" Despite the therapeutic effects of resveratrol, its pharmacokinetic properties are not favorable since this compound has poor bioavailability being rapidly and extensively metabolized and excreted."( Resveratrol in medicinal chemistry: a critical review of its pharmacokinetics, drug-delivery, and membrane interactions.
Lima, JL; Lucio, M; Neves, AR; Reis, S, 2012)		0.38
" Synthesis of RES conjugates and development and validation of a sensitive bioanalytical assay were applied to pharmacokinetic evaluation of RES and its circulating monoconjugates in C57BL mice."( Analytical method development for synthesized conjugated metabolites of trans-resveratrol, and application to pharmacokinetic studies.
Canney, DJ; Iwuchukwu, OF; Nagar, S; Sharan, S, 2012)		0.38
"A pharmacokinetic study of the metabolic profile of resveratrol has been performed in healthy men after moderate red wine (RW) consumption."( Pharmacokinetics of resveratrol metabolic profile in healthy humans after moderate consumption of red wine and grape extract tablets.
Andres-Lacueva, C; Escribano, E; Estruch, R; Rotches-Ribalta, M; Urpi-Sarda, M, 2012)		0.38
" After RES is transformed into TARES, its pharmacokinetic properties are improved, such as the t1/2 has been prolonged and the AUC has been enhanced."( Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion study of resveratrol and its prodrug 3,5,4'-tri-O-acetylresveratrol in rats.
Cheng, S; Liang, L; Liu, X; Wang, Q; Zhang, M; Zhang, S, 2013)		0.39
" Cmax and AUC of gallic acid were increased (P<0."( Influence of processing on pharmacokinetic of typical constituents in radix polygoni multiflori after oral administration by LC-ESI-MS/MS.
Chang, YX; Gao, XM; He, J; Li, J; Ma, WF; Zhang, BL; Zhang, L; Zhang, P; Zheng, F, 2013)		0.39
" The LC-MS/MS method could be used to evaluate the effect of processing on pharmacokinetic of typical constituents in radix polygoni multiflori after oral administration."( Influence of processing on pharmacokinetic of typical constituents in radix polygoni multiflori after oral administration by LC-ESI-MS/MS.
Chang, YX; Gao, XM; He, J; Li, J; Ma, WF; Zhang, BL; Zhang, L; Zhang, P; Zheng, F, 2013)		0.39
" The pharmacokinetic results are presented."( An improved highly sensitive method to determine low oxyresveratrol concentrations in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetic application.
Jia, T; Tian, F; Tian, H; Wei, H, 2014)		0.4
" Plasma tRV concentrations with enzymatic hydrolysis were maintained over 24 h, with a tmax of 12 h and a mean residence time (MRT) of 14 h, 5 and 2 times higher than those for tRV powder intake, respectively."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of resveratrol derivatives in humans after oral administration of melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) seed extract powder.
Asama, T; Hashimoto, K; Higaki, K; Hikami, S; Iizuna, S; Kimura, Y; Ota, H; Tani, H; Tatefuji, T; Yoshimatsu, M, 2014)		0.4
" After successful validation, the pharmacokinetic profiles of 2,3-DMS and 3,4-DMS were subsequently studied in Sprague-Dawley rats."( Quantification of the resveratrol analogs trans-2,3-dimethoxy-stilbene and trans-3,4-dimethoxystilbene in rat plasma: application to pre-clinical pharmacokinetic studies.
Cardullo, N; Lin, HS; Ng, SY; Ong, PS; Spatafora, C; Tringali, C; Yeo, SC, 2014)		0.4
" Furthermore, RSV pretreatment significantly decreased metabolite to parent (CBZE/CBZ) ratios of Cmax and AUC and significantly increased CBZE/CBZ ratios of CL/F and Vd/F, indicating the reduced formation of CBZE to CBZ."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine in healthy human volunteers.
Bedada, SK; Nearati, P, 2015)		0.42
" Hence Polymer conjugation utilizing different chemical linkers and polymer compositions was investigated for enhanced pharmacokinetic profile of resveratrol."( Stabilization of resveratrol in blood circulation by conjugation to mPEG and mPEG-PLA polymers: investigation of conjugate linker and polymer composition on stability, metabolism, antioxidant activity and pharmacokinetic profile.
Batty, KT; Benson, HA; Brown, DH; Chen, Y; Siddalingappa, B, 2015)		0.42
" The pharmacokinetic profiles of DHS were subsequently assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats."( Determination of naturally occurring resveratrol analog trans-4,4'-dihydroxystilbene in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study.
Chen, W; Elhennawy, MG; Lin, HS; Xiang, X; Yeo, SC, 2015)		0.42
" The multiple dose of 200 or 100 mg/kg resveratrol significantly increased the AUC and Cmax of APZ."( The effect of resveratrol on pharmacokinetics of aripiprazole in vivo and in vitro.
Cai, JP; Dai, DP; Gu, EM; Hu, GX; Li, XY; Liang, BQ; Zhan, YY, 2016)		0.43
"A rapid, selective, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine resveratrol levels in plasma and brain tissue in mice for supporting pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies."( Validated LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of resveratrol levels in mouse plasma and brain and its application to pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies.
Ko, YT; Ramalingam, P, 2016)		0.43
" Pharmacodynamic data exhibited a significant decrease in the serum biomarker enzymes (serum glutamic oxalo-acetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase) after oral administration of RV-SLNs as compared to control and marketed (SILYBON(®)) formulations against paracetamol-induced liver cirrhosis."( A novel monolithic controlled delivery system of resveratrol for enhanced hepatoprotection: nanoformulation development, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, I; Ahmad, S; Iqbal, Z; Singh, A, 2016)		0.43
" These results were confirmed by an in vivo pharmacokinetic study of oral administered FEX (10mg/kg) in rats."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in rats: Involvement of P-glycoprotein inhibition.
Bedada, SK; Neerati, P; Yellu, NR, 2016)		0.43
" In comparison with FEX alone, RSV pretreatment significantly increased maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), while there was no significant change was observed in T1/2 and Tmax of FEX."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in rats: Involvement of P-glycoprotein inhibition.
Bedada, SK; Neerati, P; Yellu, NR, 2016)		0.43
"RSV significantly enhanced the exposure of FEX in rats likely by the inhibition of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated efflux during the intestinal absorption, suggesting that there is a potential pharmacokinetic interaction between RSV and FEX."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in rats: Involvement of P-glycoprotein inhibition.
Bedada, SK; Neerati, P; Yellu, NR, 2016)		0.43
" Thus, the outcome indicates that RSV-TPGS-Lipo 2 is a promising carrier for glioma treatment with improved pharmacokinetic parameters."( Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, in vitro cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of Vitamin E TPGS coated trans resveratrol liposomes.
Balavigneswaran, CK; Mahto, SK; Mishra, N; Muthu, MS; Singh, S; Vajanthri, KY; Vijayakumar, MR, 2016)		0.43
" An 8-h pharmacokinetic study was performed."( Influence of diabetes on plasma pharmacokinetics and brain bioavailability of grape polyphenols and their phase II metabolites in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat.
Chen, TY; Cooper, B; Ferruzzi, MG; Ho, L; Janle, EM; Pasinetti, GM; Simon, JE; Talcott, ST; Todd, G; Wang, J; Wu, QL, 2017)		0.46
" We investigated the pharmacokinetic (PK) response of polyphenols in obese/overweight versus lean individuals before and after repeated dosing of grape polyphenols."( The effect of obesity and repeated exposure on pharmacokinetic response to grape polyphenols in humans.
Baer, DJ; Chen, TY; Ferruzzi, MG; Gebauer, SK; Ho, L; Novotny, JA; Pasinetti, GM; Terekhov, AI, 2017)		0.46
"This study involved physical and pharmacokinetic characterizations of trans-resveratrol (t-Rev)-loaded saLMPMs which attempted to improve t-Rev's pharmacokinetic profiles and bioavailability resolving hurdles limiting its potential health benefits."( Physical and Pharmacokinetic Characterizations of trans-Resveratrol (t-Rev) Encapsulated with Self-Assembling Lecithin-based Mixed Polymeric Micelles (saLMPMs).
Chen, LC; Chen, LG; Ho, HO; Li, TP; Liu, DZ; Sheu, MT; Su, CY; Wong, WP, 2017)		0.46
" The pharmacokinetic profiles of DRG were subsequently examined in Sprague-Dawley rats."( Quantification of desoxyrhapontigenin (4-methoxyresveratrol) in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS: Application to pre-clinical pharmacokinetic study.
Chen, H; Dai, Y; Lin, HS; Ong, PS; Tan, ALC; Wu, J; Xiang, X, 2018)		0.48
" In vivo pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated a nine-fold increase in AUC values obtained with RSV-FA-NLCs (57."( Resveratrol loaded functionalized nanostructured lipid carriers for breast cancer targeting: Systematic development, characterization and pharmacokinetic evaluation.
Beg, S; Kaur Narang, J; Lather, V; Pandita, D; Poonia, N; Sharma, T; Singh, B, 2019)		0.51
" Thus, there was a significant pharmacokinetic interaction between RES-ALO, RES-SAX and RES-SIT."( Effect of resveratrol on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors pharmacokinetics: An in vitro and in vivo approach.
Nanjappan, S; Paul, D; Sapkal, R; Surendran, S, 2020)		0.56
"The purpose of this study is to develop a sensitive LC-MS-MS method to simultaneously quantify polydatin and its metabolite, resveratrol, for its application in a pharmacokinetic (PK) study and to determine polydatin hydrolysis by microflora."( Development of a novel UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneously quantification of polydatin and resveratrol in plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.
Du, T; Etim, I; Gao, S; Liang, D; Sunsong, R; Zhang, Y, 2021)		0.62
" Despite its potential for chemotherapeutic advancement, the compound has pharmaceutical limitations, such as, the drug has a poor pharmacokinetic profile and low bioavailability."( The science of resveratrol, formulation, pharmacokinetic barriers and its chemotherapeutic potential.
Badgujar, V; Khan, A; Majeed, S; Murtuja, S; Robertson, I; Sajid Ali, M; Sami, F; Saquib Hasnain, M; Tahir Ansari, M; Wai Hau, T, 2022)		0.72
" Furthermore, a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that accurately describes and predicts the systemic exposure profiles of resveratrol in clinical settings has not been developed."( Impact of route-dependent phase-II gut metabolism and enterohepatic circulation on the bioavailability and systemic disposition of resveratrol in rats and humans: A comprehensive whole body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling.
Choi, E; Han, DG; Jung, Y; Kim, MS; Seo, SW; Yoo, JW; Yoon, IS, 2022)		0.72
" Thus, in a pharmacokinetic study, healthy volunteers (n = 16) consumed 1 capsule (420 mg resveratrol) in the evening before attending the clinic and one more capsule on the day of the pharmacokinetics."( Exosome-Containing Extracellular Vesicles Contribute to the Transport of Resveratrol Metabolites in the Bloodstream: A Human Pharmacokinetic Study.
Ávila-Gálvez, MÁ; Dávalos, A; Espín, JC; Iglesias-Aguirre, CE; López de Las Hazas, MC, 2022)		0.72

Compound-Compound Interactions

A new monofunctional planaramineplatinum(II) complex, namely tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)monochloroplatinum( II) chloride (coded as LH3), was synthesised. It was investigated for its activity against human ovarian A2780, cisplatin-resistant A27 80 (A2780(cisR)) and ZD0473-resistant cancer cell lines. The complex could be used in combination with curcumin, genistein and resveratrol.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Similar antiviral activity was demonstrated when ddI was combined with 5 or 10 mM RV in PBMCs infected with clinical isolates of HIV-1."( Synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 in activated and resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monocyte-derived macrophages, and selected drug-resistant isolates with nucleoside analogues combined with a natural product, resveratrol.
Davis, C; Heredia, A; Redfield, R, 2000)		0.31
"To investigate the effect of resveratrol (Res) alone and its combination with cyclosporin A (CsA) on the proliferation of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes (hPBTCs), transformation into lymphoblasts, as well as IL-2 and INF-gamma production."( [Effect of resveratrol alone and its combination with cyclosporin A on the immune function of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes].
Pan, CE; Wu, SL; Yu, L; Zhang, M, 2003)		0.32
" Resveratrol partially reversed the inhibitory effects of low concentrations of LPS alone, and completely reversed the inhibition of nodule formation when low concentrations of LPS were combined with BaP."( Inhibition of osteogenesis in vitro by a cigarette smoke-associated hydrocarbon combined with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide: reversal by resveratrol.
Andreou, V; Casper, RF; D'Addario, M; Ellen, RP; Sukhu, B; Tenenbaum, HC; Zohar, R, 2004)		0.32
"To study the anti-tumor effect of resveratrol and in combination with 5-FU on murine liver cancer."( Effect of resveratrol and in combination with 5-FU on murine liver cancer.
Meng, KW; Pan, CE; Qin, XL; Sun, ZJ; Wu, SL; Yu, L, 2004)		0.32
"Transplantable murine hepatoma22 model was used to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of resveratrol (RES) alone or in combination with 5-FU in vivo."( Effect of resveratrol and in combination with 5-FU on murine liver cancer.
Meng, KW; Pan, CE; Qin, XL; Sun, ZJ; Wu, SL; Yu, L, 2004)		0.32
" The enhanced inhibition of tumor growth by 5-FU was also observed in hepatoma22 bearing mice when 5-FU was administered in combination with 10 mg/kg resveratrol."( Effect of resveratrol and in combination with 5-FU on murine liver cancer.
Meng, KW; Pan, CE; Qin, XL; Sun, ZJ; Wu, SL; Yu, L, 2004)		0.32
" Nowadays, using artificial neural networks (ANN's) in combination with MVA is rapidly expanding."( Optimization of solid-phase extraction using artificial neural networks in combination with experimental design for determination of resveratrol by capillary zone electrophoresis in wines.
Farková, M; Havel, J; Pazourek, J; Spanilá, M, 2005)		0.33
" We studied the effects of methyl jasmonate in combination with sucrose on defense-related gene expression, stilbene and anthocyanin production in grapevine cell suspensions."( Effect of methyl jasmonate in combination with carbohydrates on gene expression of PR proteins, stilbene and anthocyanin accumulation in grapevine cell cultures.
Barrieu, F; Belhadj, A; Cluzet, S; Hamdi, S; Mérillon, JM; Saigne, C; Telef, N, 2008)		0.35
"To explore the effects of garlic oil combined with resveratrol on the apoptosis and expression of Fas, bcl-2 and bax in human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803."( [Effects of garlic oil combined with resveratrol on inducting of apoptosis and expression of Fas, bcl-2 and bax in human gastric cancer cell line].
Li, HQ; Zheng, GH, 2008)		0.35
"The garlic oil combined with resveratrol induced cell apoptosis markedly at the 24th after the treatment The protein expression of Fas in the combined medicine groups was 10."( [Effects of garlic oil combined with resveratrol on inducting of apoptosis and expression of Fas, bcl-2 and bax in human gastric cancer cell line].
Li, HQ; Zheng, GH, 2008)		0.35
"The garlic oil combined with the resveratrol might obviously induce the apoptosis of gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 which be involved in increasing the expression of Fas protein and bax gene and decreasing the expression of bcl-2 gene at the same time."( [Effects of garlic oil combined with resveratrol on inducting of apoptosis and expression of Fas, bcl-2 and bax in human gastric cancer cell line].
Li, HQ; Zheng, GH, 2008)		0.35
" In the next step the action of RES alone or in combination with ROSC was examined."( Action of resveratrol alone or in combination with roscovitine, a CDK inhibitor, on cell cycle progression in human HL-60 leukemia cells.
Komina, O; Wesierska-Gadek, J, 2008)		0.35
" In this study, the effect of infection with oncolytic H-1 parvovirus (H-1PV) combined with antibiotic norfloxacin (NFX) or phytoalexin resveratrol on the survival of cell lines Panc-1 and BxPC3 derived from human pancreatic carcinoma was tested."( Anticancer effects of an oncolytic parvovirus combined with non-conventional therapeutics on pancreatic carcinoma cell lines.
Angelova, A; Galabov, AS; Georgieva, PB; Raykov, Z; Rommelaere, J, 2009)		0.35
"We investigated the anti-tumor effect of peritumoral resveratrol in combination with immunotherapy in vivo in neuroblastoma-bearing mice."( The anti-tumor effect of resveratrol alone or in combination with immunotherapy in a neuroblastoma model.
Gillies, SD; Hank, JA; Kim, K; Polans, AS; Rakhmilevich, AL; Reisfeld, RA; Seo, S; Sondel, PM; Soto, BL; Subramanian, L; Van De Voort, TJ; Yang, RK, 2011)		0.37
" This study aimed at examining effects of resveratrol alone and in combination with curcumin or chrysin on UGT induction in Caco-2 cells."( Resveratrol in combination with other dietary polyphenols concomitantly enhances antiproliferation and UGT1A1 induction in Caco-2 cells.
Iwuchukwu, OF; Nagar, S; Tallarida, RJ, 2011)		0.37
" In the present study, we investigated the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), vitamin D₃ and resveratrol alone and in combination with adenosine analogues, 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2CdA) and 9-β-d-arabinosyl-2-fluoroadenine (F-ara-A), on the methylation and expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) tumour suppressor gene in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells."( Comparative effects of retinoic acid, vitamin D and resveratrol alone and in combination with adenosine analogues on methylation and expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue tumour suppressor gene in breast cancer cells.
Bednarek, A; Fabianowska-Majewska, K; Salamé, P; Stefanska, B, 2012)		0.38
" Recent in vivo studies and clinical trials indicate a possible drug-drug interaction potential using high-dosage formulations."( Drug interaction potential of resveratrol.
Beck, M; Detampel, P; Huwyler, J; Krähenbühl, S, 2012)		0.38
" The combination with cisplatin and etoposide resulted in a partially synergistic inhibition of cell proliferation."( The effect of resveratrol in combination with irradiation and chemotherapy: study using Merkel cell carcinoma cell lines.
Bigenzahn, J; Brunner, M; Heiduschka, G; Houben, R; Lill, C; Schmid, R; Seemann, R; Thurnher, D, 2014)		0.4
"Due to its radiosensitizing effect, resveratrol seems to be a promising agent in combination with radiation therapy."( The effect of resveratrol in combination with irradiation and chemotherapy: study using Merkel cell carcinoma cell lines.
Bigenzahn, J; Brunner, M; Heiduschka, G; Houben, R; Lill, C; Schmid, R; Seemann, R; Thurnher, D, 2014)		0.4
"To study the therapeutical effect and mechanisms of resveratrol and its combination with praziquantel on the liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma japonicum infection."( [Therapeutic effect of resveratrol as well as resveratrol combined with praziquantel on the liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice].
Chen, Y; Xiao, Z, 2013)		0.39
" In this study, we explored whether short-term moderate CR (20%), either alone or in combination with resveratrol, can induce autophagy in the hearts of 26-month-old Fischer 344 × Brown Norway rats."( Calorie restriction combined with resveratrol induces autophagy and protects 26-month-old rat hearts from doxorubicin-induced toxicity.
Dirain, ML; Dutta, D; Leeuwenburgh, C; Xu, J, 2014)		0.4
" Here, we show that diadenosine triphosphate, applied alone or in combination with cyclodextrins to the grapevine suspension-cultured cells, increased the transcript level of genes encoding key phenylpropanoid-pathway enzymes as well as the trans-resveratrol production inside cells and its secretion into the extracellular medium."( Diadenosine triphosphate is a novel factor which in combination with cyclodextrins synergistically enhances the biosynthesis of trans-resveratrol in Vitis vinifera cv. Monastrell suspension cultured cells.
Belchí-Navarro, S; Czekała, Ł; Guranowski, A; Pedreño, MA; Pietrowska-Borek, M, 2014)		0.4
" In this study, a new monofunctional planaramineplatinum(II) complex, namely tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)monochloroplatinum(II) chloride (coded as LH3), was synthesised and investigated for its activity against human ovarian A2780, cisplatin-resistant A2780 (A2780(cisR)) and ZD0473-resistant A2780 (A2780(ZD0473R)) cancer cell lines, alone and in combination with the phytochemicals curcumin, genistein and resveratrol."( Synthesis of a monofunctional platinum compound and its activity alone and in combination with phytochemicals in ovarian tumor models.
Arzuman, L; Beale, P; Huq, F; Proschogo, N; Yu, JQ, 2014)		0.4
"The aim of this study was to: (a) develop a simple, high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method combined with direct 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay to rapidly assess and compare free radical scavenging activity or anti-oxidant activity for major classes of polyphenolics present in wines; and (b) to investigate relationship between free radical scavenging activity to the total polyphenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the wine samples."( Development and validation of a simple high performance thin layer chromatography method combined with direct 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay to quantify free radical scavenging activity in wine.
Agatonovic-Kustrin, S; Morton, DW; Yusof, AP, 2016)		0.43
" The aim of this study is to investigate the synergistic anticancer effect of resveratrol in combination with cisplatin and the potential anticancer mechanisms involved in A549 cells."( The synergistic effect of resveratrol in combination with cisplatin on apoptosis via modulating autophagy in A549 cells.
Hu, S; Kong, H; Li, X; Wang, H; Xie, W; Xu, R; Ye, L; Zeng, X, 2016)		0.43
"The potential of front-face fluorescence spectroscopy combined with second-order chemometric methods was investigated for the quantification of the main polyphenols present in wine samples."( Front-face fluorescence spectroscopy combined with second-order multivariate algorithms for the quantification of polyphenols in red wine samples.
Cabrera-Bañegil, M; Durán-Merás, I; Galeano-Díaz, T; Hurtado-Sánchez, MD, 2017)		0.46
" But at present the effects of resveratrol combined with taxol on human laryngeal carcinoma cell strain Hep-2 and their underlying molecular mechanisms are rarely reported."( [Apoptosis mechanism of taxol combined with resveratrol on human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells].
Lu, CX; Sun, JH; Wu, CL, 2016)		0.43
" Resveratrol alone and its combination with glibenclamide decreased the arrhythmia score, the arrhythmic period and the incidence of other types of arrhythmias during the reperfusion period."( The protection of resveratrol and its combination with glibenclamide, but not berberine on the diabetic hearts against reperfusion-induced arrhythmias: the role of myocardial K
Bozdogan, O; Eksioglu, D; Erim, F; Firat, T; Kaya, ST; Ozarslan, TO; Taskin, E; Yasar, S, 2019)		0.51
"To explore the preventive and therapeutic effects of Resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn, compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines, on the endothelial cells injury after artery bypass graft surgery."( Resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn alleviate the endothelial cells injury after coronary bypass graft surgery.
Feng, B; He, S; Su, Z; Zheng, G; Zhu, Y, 2018)		0.48
" After CABG surgery, the rabbits were administrated with saline (model group), aspirin (Aspirin group), resveratrol (Res group), total flavones of hawthorn (Haw group) and resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn (Res+Haw group) once a day for eight weeks, respectively."( Resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn alleviate the endothelial cells injury after coronary bypass graft surgery.
Feng, B; He, S; Su, Z; Zheng, G; Zhu, Y, 2018)		0.48
"Compared with the model group, the level of CECs density and the expressions of albumen and mRNA of ICAM-1 were significantly decreased in the aspirin,resveratrol,total flavones of hawthorn and resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn groups (P < ."( Resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn alleviate the endothelial cells injury after coronary bypass graft surgery.
Feng, B; He, S; Su, Z; Zheng, G; Zhu, Y, 2018)		0.48
"The Resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn could protect the endothelial cells after coronary artery bypass graft."( Resveratrol combined with total flavones of hawthorn alleviate the endothelial cells injury after coronary bypass graft surgery.
Feng, B; He, S; Su, Z; Zheng, G; Zhu, Y, 2018)		0.48
"To investigate the effects of different intensity exercise combined with resveratrol on retinol binding protein 4(RBP4) mRNA and protein expression in visceral adipose tissue and plasma RBP4 concentration of aged obese rats."( [Effects of different intensities exercise combined with resveratrol on RBP4 in aged obese rats].
Bai, YP; Cui, JQ; Lin, C; Song, WW; Su, M; Wu, L; Zhang, HY, 2017)		0.46
"Different intensities exercise combined with resveratrol could reduce the RBP4 mRNA and protein expression in visceral adipose tissue and plasma RBP4 concentrations of aged obese rats, but less affected by exercise intensity."( [Effects of different intensities exercise combined with resveratrol on RBP4 in aged obese rats].
Bai, YP; Cui, JQ; Lin, C; Song, WW; Su, M; Wu, L; Zhang, HY, 2017)		0.46
" Initially, K562 cell culture experiments were performed using various bolus doses of resveratrol in combination with siRNA for 3 days using a factorial design of experiments approach."( Influence of controlled release of resveratrol from electrospun fibers in combination with siRNA on leukemia cells.
Al-Attar, T; Madihally, SV, 2018)		0.48
" Resistance exercise in combination with resveratrol supplementation may be applied in the general population to achieve better physiological benefits, promote overall health, and promote participation in regular physical activities."( The Synergistic Effects of Resveratrol combined with Resistant Training on Exercise Performance and Physiological Adaption.
Chiu, CC; Huang, CC; Huang, WC; Kan, NW; Lee, MC; Tung, YT, 2018)		0.48
" We speculate that treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) combined with resveratrol can block this signaling pathway and protect podocyte function."( Protective effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells combined with resveratrol against renal podocyte damage in NOD mice.
Cao, C; Guo, Y; Li, L; Lin, Y; Niu, J; Sun, Y; Wang, J; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Xian, Y, 2019)		0.51
"In the current in vitro study, we tried to examine the possible role of resveratrol as a sensitizer in combination with radiotherapy or hyperthermia."( Resveratrol Induces Apoptosis and Attenuates Proliferation of MCF-7 Cells in Combination with Radiation and Hyperthermia.
Amini, P; Aryafar, T; Ashrafizadeh, M; Eftekhari, SM; Farhood, B; Khalafi, L; Mahdavi, SR; Musa, AE; Najafi, M; Nodooshan, SJ, 2021)		0.62
" This may indicate the sensitizing effect of resveratrol in combination with both radiotherapy and hyperthermia."( Resveratrol Induces Apoptosis and Attenuates Proliferation of MCF-7 Cells in Combination with Radiation and Hyperthermia.
Amini, P; Aryafar, T; Ashrafizadeh, M; Eftekhari, SM; Farhood, B; Khalafi, L; Mahdavi, SR; Musa, AE; Najafi, M; Nodooshan, SJ, 2021)		0.62
"To investigate the effect of resveratrol(Res) combined with soy isoflavones(SIF) on apoptosisinduced by oxidative stress in hippocampus in aging model rats."( [Effects of resveratrol combined with soy isoflavones on apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in hippocampus of aging model rats].
Cheng, L; Li, X; Shi, M; Song, C; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhao, H, 2020)		0.56
"Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into the Sham control group, aging model group, Res treatment group, SIF treatment group, Res combined with SIF treatment group and estrogen replacement therapy group(ERT group)."( [Effects of resveratrol combined with soy isoflavones on apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in hippocampus of aging model rats].
Cheng, L; Li, X; Shi, M; Song, C; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhao, H, 2020)		0.56
"A novel surface plasmon resonance-based P-gp ligand screening system (SPR-PLSS) combined with lentiviral particle (LVP) stabilization strategy was constructed to screen out potential P-gp inhibitors from natural products."( Surface plasmon resonance biosensor combined with lentiviral particle stabilization strategy for rapid and specific screening of P-Glycoprotein ligands.
Cai, Y; Cao, Y; Chai, Y; Chen, L; Chen, X; Hong, Z; Liu, Y; Shi, Y; Wang, D; Zhu, Z, 2021)		0.62
"To explore the effect of resveratrol (RES) combined with donepezil hydrochloride on inflammatory factor level and cognitive function level of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD)."( Effect of Resveratrol Combined with Donepezil Hydrochloride on Inflammatory Factor Level and Cognitive Function Level of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.
Fang, X; Wang, L; Zhang, J; Zhao, J, 2022)		0.72
" Here, we synthesized a new Res derivative ((E)-5-(dimethylamino)-2-(4-methoxystyryl)phenol), and attempted to determine the function of Res derivative combined with radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP)."( Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Combined with Resveratrol Derivative Alleviates Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis in Rats.
Bian, Z; Jin, C; Liang, C; Song, Z, 2023)		0.91
"This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of resveratrol(RES) combined with irinotecan(IRI) in the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC)."( [Molecular mechanism of resveratrol combined with irinotecan in treatment of colorectal cancer].
Han, CL; Li, F; Li, KY; Liu, M; Shen, H; Wang, J; Wang, L; Yan, RY, 2023)		0.91

Bioavailability

The current studies entail successful formulation of systematically optimized (OPT) nanoparticulate drug delivery system to increase the oral bioavailability. These data suggest that oral resveratrol is attractive candidate as an agent capable of combating dioxin toxicity.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Tissue concentrations showed a significant cardiac bioavailability and strong affinity for liver and kidneys."( Kinetics of trans- and cis-resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) after red wine oral administration in rats.
Bertelli, A; Bertelli, AA; Giovannini, L; Stradi, R; Tillement, JP; Urien, S, 1996)		0.29
"In view of the increasing interest in the biological activity of resveratrol, one of the components of red wine which is considered to be one of the main ingredients responsible for the beneficial effect of wine on human health, we have studied plasma kinetics and tissue bioavailability of this compound after red wine oral administration in rats."( Evaluation of kinetic parameters of natural phytoalexin in resveratrol orally administered in wine to rats.
Bertelli, A; Bertelli, AA; Giovannini, L; Stradi, R; Tillement, JP; Urien, S, 1998)		0.3
" Despite its importance, little is known about its bioavailability in both humans and animals."( Determination of trans-resveratrol in plasma by HPLC.
de la Torre-Boronat, MC; Juan, ME; Lamuela-Raventós, RM; Planas, JM, 1999)		0.3
" However, the bioavailability and metabolic pathways must be known before drawing any conclusions on the benefits of dietary resveratrol to health."( Biological effects of resveratrol.
Frémont, L, 2000)		0.31
" It is present in the diet, and the hepatic and duodenal sulphation might limit the bioavailability of this compound."( Sulphation of resveratrol, a natural product present in grapes and wine, in the human liver and duodenum.
De Santi, C; Mosca, F; Pacifici, GM; Pietrabissa, A; Spisni, R, 2000)		0.31
" Resveratrol is sulphated, and the hepatic and duodenal sulphation might limit the bioavailability of this compound."( Sulphation of resveratrol, a natural compound present in wine, and its inhibition by natural flavonoids.
De Santi, C; Mosca, F; Pacifici, GM; Pietrabissa, A; Spisni, R, 2000)		0.31
" Glucuronidation may reduce the bioavailability of this compound however, flavonoids inhibit resveratrol glucuronidation and such an inhibition might improve the bioavailability of resveratrol."( Glucuronidation of resveratrol, a natural product present in grape and wine, in the human liver.
de Santi, C; Mosca, F; Pacifici, GM; Pietrabissa, A, 2000)		0.31
" Urgent investigations on its bioavailability and effects on in vivo systems, especially in humans, are necessary."( Resveratrol, a natural chemopreventive agent against degenerative diseases.
Baer-Dubowska, W; Ignatowicz, E, )		0.13
" A time course study was also carried out to assess the bioavailability of resveratrol in serum, liver and brain using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)."( Resveratrol protects against global cerebral ischemic injury in gerbils.
Lubahn, D; Rottinghaus, GE; Simonyi, A; Sun, AY; Sun, GY; Wang, Q; Xu, J, 2002)		0.31
" However, although it has numerous biological activities in vitro, there are few data about its bioavailability and tissue distribution in vivo."( Distribution of [14C]-trans-resveratrol, a cancer chemopreventive polyphenol, in mouse tissues after oral administration.
Barthe, N; Brouillaud, B; Deffieux, G; Desmoulière, A; Krisa, S; Mérillon, JM; Rosenbaum, J; Vitrac, X, 2003)		0.32
" These results indicate that absorption of resveratrol in-vivo may be high but with limited bioavailability due to efficient sulfate conjugation."( Resveratrol transport and metabolism by human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
Kaldas, MI; Walle, T; Walle, UK, 2003)		0.32
"The present study investigates the bioavailability of resveratrol and quercetin in humans, mice, and rats after oral ingestion of grape juice preparations or pure aglycones."( Urinary and plasma levels of resveratrol and quercetin in humans, mice, and rats after ingestion of pure compounds and grape juice.
Lee, MJ; Lu, H; Maliakal, P; Meng, X; Yang, CS, 2004)		0.32
" Demonstration of its mechanism of action also implies the elucidation of the steps of bioavailability and bioabsorption in cells and tissues."( Transport of resveratrol, a cancer chemopreventive agent, to cellular targets: plasmatic protein binding and cell uptake.
Berlot, JP; Delmas, D; Jannin, B; Lançon, A; Latruffe, N; Menzel, M, 2004)		0.32
" Although the systemic bioavailability of resveratrol is very low, accumulation of resveratrol in epithelial cells along the aerodigestive tract and potentially active resveratrol metabolites may still produce cancer-preventive and other effects."( High absorption but very low bioavailability of oral resveratrol in humans.
DeLegge, MH; Hsieh, F; Oatis, JE; Walle, T; Walle, UK, 2004)		0.32
" Although the reported biological data indicate that resveratrol is a highly promising cardiovascular protective agent, more studies are needed to establish its bioavailability and in vivo cardioprotective effects, particularly in humans."( Cardiovascular protective effects of resveratrol.
Barenghi, L; Bradamante, S; Villa, A, 2004)		0.32
" Currently, structural analogues of resveratrol with improved bioavailability are being pursued as potential therapeutic agents for cancer."( Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical studies.
Aggarwal, BB; Aggarwal, RS; Bhardwaj, A; Seeram, NP; Shishodia, S; Takada, Y, )		0.13
" The lack of effect on the chemopreventive parameters is probably due to the formation of various resveratrol conjugates reducing its bioavailability in the rat."( Bioactivity and metabolism of trans-resveratrol orally administered to Wistar rats.
Erbersdobler, H; Soldo, T; Somoza, V; Wenzel, E, 2005)		0.33
" In order to reveal information on absorption, metabolism, and the consequent bioavailability of resveratrol, different research approaches were performed, including in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models, all of which are considered in this review."( Metabolism and bioavailability of trans-resveratrol.
Somoza, V; Wenzel, E, 2005)		0.33
" Bioavailability studies mainly in animals or in humans using the pure compound at very high doses were performed."( Bioavailability of trans-resveratrol from red wine in humans.
Caporaso, N; Fogliano, V; Galaverna, G; Ghidini, C; Marchelli, R; Sforza, S; Vescovi, PP; Vitaglione, P, 2005)		0.33
" It is worthy to note that the phenolic compound possesses a low bioavailability and rapid clearance from the plasma."( Resveratrol as an anti-inflammatory and anti-aging agent: mechanisms and clinical implications.
de la Lastra, CA; Villegas, I, 2005)		0.33
" Great differences emerge as far as ingested doses, bioavailability and liver ability to accumulate the various compounds."( Dietary antioxidant compounds and liver health.
Caporaso, N; Fogliano, V; Morisco, F; Vitaglione, P, 2004)		0.32
" Critical areas of future investigation include: (1) identification of the direct molecular target(s) of EGCG and related polyphenolic compounds in cells; (2) the in vivo metabolism and bioavailability of these compounds; (3) the ancillary effects of these compounds on tumor-stromal interactions; (4) the development of synergistic combinations with other antitumor agents to enhance efficacy in cancer prevention and therapy, and also minimize potential toxicities."( Modulation of signal transduction by tea catechins and related phytochemicals.
Shimizu, M; Weinstein, IB, 2005)		0.33
" Concordantly with data on bioavailability and metabolism of native resveratrol from the literature, these investigations revealed an extensive uptake and metabolism in the liver and kidney, respectively, of [(18)F]-1."( Synthesis and biodistribution of an 18F-labelled resveratrol derivative for small animal positron emission tomography.
Bergmann, R; Gester, S; Pawelke, B; Pietzsch, J; Wuest, F, 2005)		0.33
" It would be important in the future to investigate the origins of the differences in wine stilbene levels in relation to the vine varieties, and the bioavailability of the newly extracted stilbene delta-viniferin in plasma after consumption of different types of wines."( Determination of stilbenes (delta-viniferin, trans-astringin, trans-piceid, cis- and trans-resveratrol, epsilon-viniferin) in Brazilian wines.
Bornet, A; Delaunay, JC; Mérillon, JM; Richard, T; Teissédre, PL; Valls, J; Vanderlinde, R; Vitrac, X, 2005)		0.33
" BSDL is involved in the duodenal hydrolysis of lipid esters and in part of cholesteryl esters thus favoring the bioavailability of free cholesterol."( In vitro polyphenol effects on activity, expression and secretion of pancreatic bile salt-dependent lipase.
Lombardo, D; Petit-Thévenin, JL; Ristorcelli, E; Sbarra, V; Teissedre, PL; Vérine, A, 2005)		0.33
" Since the bioavailability of ingested RS at distant organs is low and apoptosis induction often requires relatively high RS levels (above 20 micromol/l), this polyphenolic food ingredient might be particularly effective as a chemopreventive in the digestive tract."( Bax and Bak are the critical complementary effectors of colorectal cancer cell apoptosis by chemopreventive resveratrol.
Mahyar-Roemer, M; Pöhland, T; Roemer, K; Wagner, S, 2006)		0.33
"Consumption of polyphenols is associated with health promotion through diet, although many are poorly absorbed in animals and humans alike."( Protection of lipids from oxidation by epicatechin, trans-resveratrol, and gallic and caffeic acids in intestinal model systems.
Chetrit, D; Kerem, Z; Regev-Shoshani, G; Shoseyov, O, 2006)		0.33
" A number of points for consideration are raised: (1) the necessity to characterize wine analytically, as the content in important components of wine, such as resveratrol, is influenced considerably by regional factors, such as climate and local oenological procedures; (2) the bioavailability of the components of wine, which appears to be adequate as a broad range of biological effects have been documented at low concentrations that can be achieved by moderate chronic wine consumption; (3) the lack of importance of wine color, as also white wine consumption affords benefit, thanks to its content in the antioxidants caffeic acid, tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, which are also found in olive oil; (4) the recommendation by WHO to "investigate the possible protective effects of ingredients other than alcohol in alcoholic beverages"."( Wine, research and cardiovascular disease: instructions for use.
Bertelli, AA, 2007)		0.34
" Our results might provide a possible explanation for the in vivo antiplatelet effect of resveratrol despite the poor bioavailability and the weak in vitro activity."( Low concentrations of resveratrol potentiate the antiplatelet effect of prostaglandins.
Wang, WY; Wu, CC; Wu, CI; Wu, YC, 2007)		0.34
" The absorption rate constants (ka) of Res-nanoliposomes in intestine were not significantly different."( [Study on drug release in vitro and rat intestinal absorption of resveratrol nanoliposomes].
Hou, SX; Li, W; Li, XY; Wang, XC; Zhou, YW, 2007)		0.34
" However, some of these agents have poor bioavailability and many of the in-depth studies into their mechanisms of action have been carried out in vitro using doses which are unachievable in humans."( Predicting the physiological relevance of in vitro cancer preventive activities of phytochemicals.
Andreadi, CK; Foreman, BE; Howells, LM; Hudson, EA; Manson, MM; Moiseeva, EP; Neal, CP; Sun, YY, 2007)		0.34
" The bioavailability of the drug in serum was in the low micromolar range (2-10 micromol/L) and no accumulation was observed in tumor tissue."( Resveratrol inhibits tumor growth of human neuroblastoma and mediates apoptosis by directly targeting mitochondria.
Albert, DM; Darjatmoko, SR; Kulkarni, A; Lindstrom, MJ; Polans, AS; Sareen, D; Subramanian, L; van Ginkel, PR; Walker, Q, 2007)		0.34
" In addition, the yeast-encapsulated resveratrol exhibited good stability, and its bioavailability was enhanced as a result of increased solubility of resveratrol and sustained releasing."( Stabilization and encapsulation of photosensitive resveratrol within yeast cell.
Ji, R; Rao, L; Shi, G; Xiang, H; Yang, H; Yu, H, 2008)		0.35
" Being a phenolic compound, resveratrol certainly possesses a low bioavailability and most importantly, a rapid clearance from the plasma."( Anti-inflammatory responses of resveratrol.
Das, DK; Das, S, 2007)		0.34
" In this report, we have reviewed the most recent scientific knowledge on the bioavailability and biological activity of these polyphenols ('fact'), as well as the health claims (which are not always supported by scientific studies) ascribed to the polyphenols-containing nutraceuticals ('fiction')."( Nutraceuticals: facts and fiction.
Espín, JC; García-Conesa, MT; Tomás-Barberán, FA, )		0.13
" Since oral administration resulted in relatively low bioavailability of resveratrol, the effect of increased local levels was tested by peritumor injection of the drug."( Resveratrol inhibits uveal melanoma tumor growth via early mitochondrial dysfunction.
Albert, DM; Bhattacharya, S; Darjatmoko, SR; Lindstrom, MJ; Polans, AS; Sareen, D; Subramanian, L; van Ginkel, PR, 2008)		0.35
"These data suggest that resveratrol can inhibit tumor growth and can induce apoptosis via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and that by further increasing bioavailability of resveratrol the potency of the drug can be increased, leading to tumor regression."( Resveratrol inhibits uveal melanoma tumor growth via early mitochondrial dysfunction.
Albert, DM; Bhattacharya, S; Darjatmoko, SR; Lindstrom, MJ; Polans, AS; Sareen, D; Subramanian, L; van Ginkel, PR, 2008)		0.35
" Pharmacokinetic evidence in rodents and humans suggests that the bioavailability of resveratrol is very low and that resveratrol conjugates are the major circulating agent-derived species."( Resveratrol from red grapes - pedestrian polyphenol or useful anticancer agent?
Gescher, AJ, 2008)		0.35
" The bioavailability of orally administered resveratrol is insufficient to permit high enough drug concentrations for systemic therapy."( Delivery of resveratrol, a red wine polyphenol, from solutions and hydrogels via the skin.
Fang, JY; Huang, ZR; Hung, CF; Lin, YK, 2008)		0.35
" The low bioavailability of this compound enhances its concentration in the luminal content and becomes a potential chemopreventive agent against colon cancer."( Resveratrol induces apoptosis through ROS-dependent mitochondria pathway in HT-29 human colorectal carcinoma cells.
Daniel, H; Juan, ME; Planas, JM; Wenzel, U, 2008)		0.35
" RM-beta-CD significantly increased the maximal plasma concentration of orally administered resveratrol, but, it did not increase the oral bioavailability in comparison with the CMC suspension."( The impact of aqueous solubility and dose on the pharmacokinetic profiles of resveratrol.
Das, S; Ho, PC; Lin, HS; Ng, KY, 2008)		0.35
" Further, dose manipulation (up to 50 mg kg(-1)) did not have a significant impact on the oral bioavailability of resveratrol."( The impact of aqueous solubility and dose on the pharmacokinetic profiles of resveratrol.
Das, S; Ho, PC; Lin, HS; Ng, KY, 2008)		0.35
"Several in vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of pure trans-resveratrol (t-Res) to act as an anti-oxidant, but the scientific literature is lacking in in vivo studies dealing with dietary t-Res bioavailability in oxidative stress models."( Dietary trans-resveratrol bioavailability and effect on CCl4-induced liver lipid peroxidation.
Caporaso, N; Fogliano, V; Milani, S; Morisco, F; Ottanelli, B; Vitaglione, P, 2009)		0.35
" Current topics of debate are their bioavailability and bioactivity."( Bioactivity and structure of biophenols as mediators of chronic diseases.
Robards, K; Tucker, G, 2008)		0.35
" The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of food on the bioavailability of trans-resveratrol following oral administration."( Effect of food on the pharmacokinetic profile of trans-resveratrol.
Almeida, L; Falcao, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2008)		0.35
"The rate of absorption of trans-resveratrol following an oral 400 mg single-dose was significantly delayed by the presence of food, as reflected by Cmax and tmax."( Effect of food on the pharmacokinetic profile of trans-resveratrol.
Almeida, L; Falcao, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2008)		0.35
" Consequently, the absolute bioavailability (AB) of diltiazem in the presence of resveratrol (2."( Effects of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem and its major metabolite, desacetyldiltiazem, in rats.
Choi, DH; Choi, JS; Hong, SP, 2008)		0.35
" Despite scepticism concerning the bioavailability of these polyphenols, in vivo data have clearly demonstrated the neuroprotective properties of the naturally occurring polyphenol resveratrol in rodent models for stress and diseases."( Therapeutic potential of resveratrol in Alzheimer's disease.
Davies, P; Dreses-Werringloer, U; Marambaud, P; Vingtdeux, V; Zhao, H, 2008)		0.35
" Bioavailability was higher after morning administration."( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of trans-resveratrol in a rising multiple-dose study in healthy volunteers.
Almeida, L; Costa, R; Falcão, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2009)		0.35
"The present study aimed to assess the effect of resveratrol on the bioavailability of nicardipine in rats."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous nicardipine in rats: possible role of P-glycoprotein inhibition by resveratrol.
Choi, BC; Choi, JS; Kang, KW, 2009)		0.35
" However, there is concern about the bioavailability of these agents pertinent to the poor absorption and thereby limiting its clinical use."( Liposome encapsulation of curcumin and resveratrol in combination reduces prostate cancer incidence in PTEN knockout mice.
Narayanan, BA; Narayanan, NK; Nargi, D; Randolph, C, 2009)		0.35
" These effects are observed despite its extremely low bioavailability and rapid clearance from the circulation due to extensive sulfation and glucuronidation in the intestine and liver."( Antitumor activity of resveratrol and its sulfated metabolites against human breast cancer cells.
Haslinger, E; Jäger, W; Kunert, O; Miksits, M; Svoboda, M; Szekeres, T; Thalhammer, T; Wlcek, K, 2009)		0.35
" After validation, the methods were applied to the assessment of the bioavailability and distribution of trans-resveratrol in rats after the intravenous administration of 15 mg/kg."( Quantification of trans-resveratrol and its metabolites in rat plasma and tissues by HPLC.
Juan, ME; Maijó, M; Planas, JM, 2010)		0.36
" These data suggest that 1) oral resveratrol is attractive candidate as an agent capable of combating dioxin toxicity and 2) increasing the bioavailability of this polyphenol enhances its protective effect."( Attenuation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity by resveratrol: a comparative study with different routes of administration.
Akamine, A; Hashiguchi, I; Ike, A; Ishida, T; Ishii, Y; Koga, T; Kuramoto, C; Takeda, T; Taketoh, J; Yahata, M; Yamada, H, 2009)		0.35
" As resveratrol has low bioavailability and interacts with multiple molecular targets, the development of new molecules with better bioavailability and targeting sirtuin at lower concentrations is a promising field of the medicinal chemistry."( Sirtuin activators.
Alcaín, FJ; Villalba, JM, 2009)		0.35
" Enhanced bioavailability may thus be a major factor contributing to the neuroprotective activity of pinostilbene."( Protective effects of pinostilbene, a resveratrol methylated derivative, against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.
Chang, RC; Chao, J; Cheng, KW; Li, H; Wang, M; Yu, MS, 2010)		0.36
" Many valuable properties such as cardioprotective and anticarcinogenic activity have been attributed to resveratrol; however, its bioavailability is quite low."( Wine, resveratrol and health: a review.
Cantos-Villar, E; García-Parrilla, MC; Guerrero, RF; Puertas, B, 2009)		0.35
" This mini-review summarizes recent studies on the possible mechanisms of action, potential therapeutic uses, and bioavailability of the nonalcoholic constituents of alcoholic beverages, in particular resveratrol and other polyphenols."( The biological responses to resveratrol and other polyphenols from alcoholic beverages.
Brown, L; Chan, V; Das, DK; Das, S; Feick, P; Kroon, PA; Singer, MV; Tosaki, A, 2009)		0.35
" In vivo, these effects could result in reduced activation of procarcinogens and/or in drug bioavailability limitation."( CYP1A1 and CYP3A4 modulation by dietary flavonoids in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
Dupont, I; Larondelle, Y; Pussemier, L; Schneider, YJ; Scippo, ML; Sergent, T; Van der Heiden, E, 2009)		0.35
"The potential for colloidal carriers to increase drug bioavailability has spurred a renewed interest in their uptake mechanisms and movement within cells."( The evidence for solid lipid nanoparticles mediated cell uptake of resveratrol.
Kristl, J; Teskac, K, 2010)		0.36
"One of the approaches to increasing the bioavailability of resveratrol is to protect its 3-OH phenolic group."( Regioselective lipase-catalyzed synthesis of 3-o-acyl derivatives of resveratrol and study of their antioxidant properties.
Ballesteros, A; Jimenez-Barbero, J; Plou, FJ; Poveda, A; Torres, P, 2010)		0.36
" As a drawback, its bioavailability is very limited due to the fast metabolic alterations to which it is subjected in the plasma."( Metabolic effects of resveratrol in mammals--a link between improved insulin action and aging.
Durand, C; Fröjdö, S; Pirola, L, 2008)		0.35
" Moreover, the bioavailability of resveratrol in the brain remains uncertain."( AMP-activated protein kinase signaling activation by resveratrol modulates amyloid-beta peptide metabolism.
Chandakkar, P; Davies, P; Ferruzzi, MG; Giliberto, L; Janle, EM; Lobo, J; Marambaud, P; Simon, JE; Vingtdeux, V; Wu, Q; Zhao, H, 2010)		0.36
"trans-Resveratrol, a natural antioxidant, has been described as a nutraceutic compound with important beneficial effects on health, but its low oral bioavailability hinders its therapeutic activity."( Multidrug resistance proteins restrain the intestinal absorption of trans-resveratrol in rats.
González-Pons, E; Juan, ME; Planas, JM, 2010)		0.36
" Our study thus demonstrated for the first time that trans-resveratrol is the bioactive form in medulloblastoma cells in which the expression of brain-associated SULTs was down-regulated, resulting in the increased intracellular bioavailability and anti-medulloblastoma efficacy of trans-resveratrol."( Identification of metabolic pattern and bioactive form of resveratrol in human medulloblastoma cells.
Chen, XY; Fu, YS; Kong, QY; Li, H; Liu, J; Ma, JX; Shu, XH; Sun, Y; Sun, Z; Wang, JM; Wang, Q; Wu, ML, 2010)		0.36
" Given the important role of the breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2/BCRP) in the efflux of conjugated forms, the present study investigates the bioavailability and tissue distribution of trans-resveratrol and its metabolites after the oral administration of 60 mg/kg in Bcrp1(-/-) mice."( Involvement of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP1/ABCG2) in the bioavailability and tissue distribution of trans-resveratrol in knockout mice.
Alfaras, I; Alvarez, AI; Juan, ME; Merino, G; Pérez, M; Planas, JM; Prieto, JG, 2010)		0.36
" Although there has been remarkable evidence for resveratrol as a potent chemopreventive agent in vitro, it seems that the low bioavailability of resveratrol in humans could interfere with a successful in vivo treatment."( Fighting cancer with red wine? Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol.
Efferth, T; Kraft, TE; Parisotto, D; Schempp, C, 2009)		0.35
" Toxicity, pharmacokinetics and clinical bioavailability of resveratrol are also reviewed in this article."( Resveratrol and liver disease: from bench to bedside and community.
Bishayee, A; Darvesh, AS; McGory, R; Politis, T, 2010)		0.36
" Our results indicate that resveratrol alleviates type 1 diabetes-induced vasculopathy by decreasing vascular oxidative stress and thereby increasing the bioavailability of nitric oxide without changing metabolic abnormalities."( Resveratrol shows vasoprotective effect reducing oxidative stress without affecting metabolic disturbances in insulin-dependent diabetes of rabbits.
Akar, F; Gokalp, B; Ozturk, K; Pektas, MB; Sepici, A; Soylemez, S; Surucu, HS; Tufan, C; Ulus, AT, 2011)		0.37
" Since their low bioavailability is a major obstacle to biomedical applications, efforts are being made to improve their absorption and slow down phase II metabolism."( Determination of quercetin and resveratrol in whole blood--implications for bioavailability studies.
Biasutto, L; Garbisa, S; Marotta, E; Paradisi, C; Zoratti, M, 2010)		0.36
" We describe the underlying mechanisms, but also focus on possible limitations and how they might be overcome in future clinical use--either by chemically synthesized derivatives or special formulations that improve bioavailability and pharmacokinetics."( Potential of the dietary antioxidants resveratrol and curcumin in prevention and treatment of hematologic malignancies.
Dicato, M; Diederich, M; Jacob, C; Kelkel, M, 2010)		0.36
" The metabolism of resveratrol and its bioavailability also warrant further consideration in light of recent in vitro and in vivo studies."( Resveratrol: challenges in translation to the clinic--a critical discussion.
Bhattacharya, S; Kenealey, J; Polans, AS; Subramanian, L; van Ginkel, PR; Youssef, S, 2010)		0.36
" Considerable debate appears to exist on the dose and bioavailability of resveratrol, leading to the controversies on its effectiveness."( Effects of Longevinex (modified resveratrol) on cardioprotection and its mechanisms of action.
Bak, I; Das, DK; Lekli, I; Mukherjee, S; Ray, D; Tosaki, A, 2010)		0.36
"When administered orally, pterostilbene demonstrates greater bioavailability and total plasma levels of both the parent compound and metabolites than does resveratrol."( Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats.
Huang, Z; Kapetanovic, IM; McCormick, DL; Muzzio, M; Thompson, TN, 2011)		0.37
" These results serve to highlight the contrasting effects on different activities brought about by methoxylation, which is widely employed as a structural modification approach to improve potency and bioavailability of resveratrol."( Methoxylation of resveratrol: effects on induction of NAD(P)H quinone-oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) activity and growth inhibitory properties.
Go, ML; Zhang, W, 2011)		0.37
" Extensive metabolism in the intestine and liver results in an oral bioavailability considerably less than 1%."( Bioavailability of resveratrol.
Walle, T, 2011)		0.37
" However, an important issue with the future development of resveratrol for disease management is its low bioavailability due to its rapid metabolism in mammals."( Resveratrol in cancer management: where are we and where we go from here?
Ahmad, N; Kumar, R; Ndiaye, M, 2011)		0.37
" Therefore, it is of great interest to stabilize trans-resveratrol in order to preserve its biological activities and to improve its bioavailability in the brain."( Characterization of trans-resveratrol-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules and tissue distribution studies in rats.
Battastini, AM; Bernardi, A; da Silva, T; Frozza, RL; Guterres, SS; Hoppe, JB; Paese, K; Pohlmann, AR; Salbego, C, 2010)		0.36
" Future studies should be designed to account for a disease process in which the pathogenic factors may take place for years before disease manifestations take place, the possibly limited bioavailability of polyphenols, and the potential need to provide combinations or modifications of polyphenols."( Polyphenols: planting the seeds of treatment for the metabolic syndrome.
Cherniack, EP, 2011)		0.37
"These results highlight the importance of studying the bioavailability of the assayed compounds in the experimental models used to be able to choose the best route of administration depending on the target organ and to determine which compounds or derived metabolites are effective treating the studied disease."( Lack of effect of oral administration of resveratrol in LPS-induced systemic inflammation.
Azorín-Ortuño, M; Espín, JC; García-Conesa, MT; Larrosa, M; Tomás-Barberán, F; Yañez-Gascón, MJ, 2011)		0.37
" However, RSV's bioavailability is compromised by its physicochemical properties, such as low stability, increased oxidation on heat and light exposure, low water solubility and also its high hepatic uptake."( New delivery systems to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol.
Ribeiro, AJ; Santos, AC; Veiga, F, 2011)		0.37
" To achieve an optimal response of RSV, new strategies are still required to enhance its bioavailability and reduce its perceived toxicity."( New delivery systems to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol.
Ribeiro, AJ; Santos, AC; Veiga, F, 2011)		0.37
" We used a formulation that increases oral bioavailability to assess the mechanisms involved in the glucoregulatory action of RSV in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed diabetic wild type mice."( Resveratrol increases glucose induced GLP-1 secretion in mice: a mechanism which contributes to the glycemic control.
Barra, Y; Barthélemy, S; Burcelin, R; Champion, S; Dao, TM; Drucker, DJ; Klopp, P; Pechere, L; Sérée, E; Serino, M; Vachoux, C; Waget, A, 2011)		0.37
" Stabilized "nutraceutical" formulations of resveratrol with high absorption rate are essential to examine its potential medical benefits since dietary polyphenols are known to be rapidly metabolized by gut microflora and oxidized during absorption."( Resveratrol may be beneficial in treatment of diabetic foot syndrome.
Assaad-Khalil, S; Bashmakov, YK; Petyaev, IM, 2011)		0.37
" However, the poor in vivo bioavailability of resveratrol due to its rapid metabolism is being considered as a major obstacle in translating its effects in humans."( Enhancing the bioavailability of resveratrol by combining it with piperine.
Ahmad, N; Bailey, HH; Johnson, JJ; Mukhtar, H; Nihal, M; Scarlett, CO; Siddiqui, IA, 2011)		0.37
"Our study demonstrated that piperine significantly improves the in vivo bioavailability of resveratrol."( Enhancing the bioavailability of resveratrol by combining it with piperine.
Ahmad, N; Bailey, HH; Johnson, JJ; Mukhtar, H; Nihal, M; Scarlett, CO; Siddiqui, IA, 2011)		0.37
" Overall, the results demonstrated that pterostilbene had more potent inhibitory effects on colon cancer cells than resveratrol, which may be associated with the superior bioavailability of pterostilbene to resveratrol."( Inhibitory effects of resveratrol and pterostilbene on human colon cancer cells: a side-by-side comparison.
Decker, EA; Dong, P; McClements, DJ; Nutakul, W; Qiu, P; Sobers, HS; Xiao, H, 2011)		0.37
"The therapeutic promise of trans-resveratrol (tRes) is limited by poor bioavailability following rapid metabolism."( Natural prenylated resveratrol analogs arachidin-1 and -3 demonstrate improved glucuronidation profiles and have affinity for cannabinoid receptors.
Bratton, SM; Brents, LK; Doerksen, RJ; Liu, H; Medina-Bolivar, F; Nair, V; Nopo-Olazabal, L; Patel, RY; Prather, PL; Radominska-Pandya, A; Seely, KA, 2012)		0.38
"Prenylated stilbenoids may be preferable alternatives to tRes due to increased bioavailability via slowed metabolism."( Natural prenylated resveratrol analogs arachidin-1 and -3 demonstrate improved glucuronidation profiles and have affinity for cannabinoid receptors.
Bratton, SM; Brents, LK; Doerksen, RJ; Liu, H; Medina-Bolivar, F; Nair, V; Nopo-Olazabal, L; Patel, RY; Prather, PL; Radominska-Pandya, A; Seely, KA, 2012)		0.38
" This has strong implications for in vivo absorption as the enzymatic activity of gut microflora could enhance the bioavailability of β-glycosides of dietary polyphenols."( In vitro absorption of dietary trans-resveratrol from boiled and roasted peanuts in Caco-2 cells.
Chukwumah, Y; Verghese, M; Vogler, B; Walker, L, 2011)		0.37
" Oxidative stress can decrease the bioavailability of nitric oxide (*NO) in vessels."( Antioxidant effects of resveratrol and other stilbene derivatives on oxidative stress and *NO bioavailability: Potential benefits to cardiovascular diseases.
Bonnefont-Rousselot, D; Borderie, D; Frombaum, M; Le Clanche, S, 2012)		0.38
" Despite the therapeutic effects of resveratrol, its pharmacokinetic properties are not favorable since this compound has poor bioavailability being rapidly and extensively metabolized and excreted."( Resveratrol in medicinal chemistry: a critical review of its pharmacokinetics, drug-delivery, and membrane interactions.
Lima, JL; Lucio, M; Neves, AR; Reis, S, 2012)		0.38
"Trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene (trans-resveratrol, RES) exhibits very low bioavailability due to extensive conjugative metabolism."( Analytical method development for synthesized conjugated metabolites of trans-resveratrol, and application to pharmacokinetic studies.
Canney, DJ; Iwuchukwu, OF; Nagar, S; Sharan, S, 2012)		0.38
" The low oral bioavailability indicated for this polyphenol, with the intestine as a bottleneck to its absorption, has promoted the large intestine as a potential target site for its chemopreventive activity."( Colorectal cancer chemoprevention by trans-resveratrol.
Alfaras, I; Juan, ME; Planas, JM, 2012)		0.38
" The levels of brain-associated SULT (SULT1A1, SULT1C2, and SULT4A1) expression in U251 cells were lower than those in LN229 cells, suggesting the inverse relationship of SULT-mediated sulfonation activity with high intracellular resveratrol bioavailability and resveratrol sensitivity of human GBM cells."( Distinct sulfonation activities in resveratrol-sensitive and resveratrol-insensitive human glioblastoma cells.
Chen, XY; Kong, QY; Li, H; Liu, J; Shi, H; Shu, XH; Sun, Z; Wu, ML, 2012)		0.38
" The absolute bioavailability of TMS was 45."( [Trimethoxystilbene and its effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of PASMCs].
Gao, G; Gao, J; Hu, J; Jiang, X; Wang, X; Xiang, D; Xie, L, 2012)		0.38
" The bioavailability of TMS was to 45%."( [Trimethoxystilbene and its effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of PASMCs].
Gao, G; Gao, J; Hu, J; Jiang, X; Wang, X; Xiang, D; Xie, L, 2012)		0.38
" The current review focuses on the role of these efflux pumps located in the intestine on the low oral bioavailability of trans-resveratrol."( The bioavailability and distribution of trans-resveratrol are constrained by ABC transporters.
Alfaras, I; Colom, H; Juan, ME; Planas, JM, 2012)		0.38
" In order to provide more information regarding absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability of resveratrol, various research approaches have been performed, including in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models."( Resveratrol biosynthesis: plant metabolic engineering for nutritional improvement of food.
De Gara, L; Giovinazzo, G; Ingrosso, I; Paradiso, A; Santino, A, 2012)		0.38
" This suggests that dietary intake of this compound can enhance the bioavailability of resveratrol in the human body."( Enzymatic synthesis of piceid glucosides using maltosyltransferase from Caldicellulosiruptor bescii DSM 6725.
Baek, NI; Cha, J; Choi, KH; Hwang, S; Kim, J; Park, H; Yang, SJ, 2012)		0.38
" The bioavailability of resveratrol is highly influenced by several factors such as the food matrix and, therefore, this study has been compared with a pilot study in which men ingested grape extract (GE) tablets as a nutraceutical, containing similar total amounts of resveratrol than RW."( Pharmacokinetics of resveratrol metabolic profile in healthy humans after moderate consumption of red wine and grape extract tablets.
Andres-Lacueva, C; Escribano, E; Estruch, R; Rotches-Ribalta, M; Urpi-Sarda, M, 2012)		0.38
" However, for many polyphenol compounds of natural origin bioavailability is limited by low solubility in biological fluids, as well as by rapid metabolization in vivo."( Using liposomes as carriers for polyphenolic compounds: the case of trans-resveratrol.
Bonechi, C; Ciani, L; Lamponi, S; Martini, S; Rebmann, H; Ristori, S; Rossi, C, 2012)		0.38
"Due to the low bioavailability of resveratrol, determining whether its metabolites exert any beneficial effect is an interesting issue."( Delipidating effect of resveratrol metabolites in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
Andrés-Lacueva, C; Churruca, I; Eseberri, I; Lasa, A; Portillo, MP, 2012)		0.38
"Resveratrol exerts a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, which are observed despite its extremely low bioavailability and rapid clearance from the circulation due to extensive sulfation and glucuronidation in the intestine and liver."( Gut and microbial resveratrol metabolite profiling after moderate long-term consumption of red wine versus dealcoholized red wine in humans by an optimized ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method.
Andres-Lacueva, C; Boto-Ordoñez, M; Chiva-Blanch, G; Corella, D; Estruch, R; Guillen, M; Jaeger, W; Jauregui, O; Llorach, R; Perez-Garcia, L; Rotches-Ribalta, M; Tinahones, FJ; Urpi-Sarda, M, 2012)		0.38
" Moreover, we evaluated endothelial function by dose-relaxation curves to acetylcholine, hepatic NO bioavailability and TXA2 production."( Resveratrol improves intrahepatic endothelial dysfunction and reduces hepatic fibrosis and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats.
Bosch, J; Di Pascoli, M; Diví, M; García-Pagán, JC; Gracia-Sancho, J; Rodríguez-Vilarrupla, A; Rosado, E; Vilaseca, M, 2013)		0.39
" Our findings of the effective reduction of amyloid aggregation of lysozyme by polyphenol mixtures in vitro are of the utter physiological relevance considering the bioavailability and low toxicity of tested phenols."( Amyloid aggregation of lysozyme: the synergy study of red wine polyphenols.
Gazova, Z; Kurin, E; Mučaji, P; Nagy, M; Siposova, K, 2013)		0.39
" To overcome these problems, we developed two novel resveratrol nanodelivery systems based on lipid nanoparticles to enhance resveratrol's oral bioavailability for further use in medicines, supplements, and nutraceuticals."( Novel resveratrol nanodelivery systems based on lipid nanoparticles to enhance its oral bioavailability.
Lima, JL; Lúcio, M; Martins, S; Neves, AR; Reis, S, 2013)		0.39
" This discrepancy is due to the bioavailability of resveratrol."( [Resveratrol: distribution, properties and perspectives].
Abdelazid, K; Bonet-Costa, V; Borrás, C; El Alami, M; Gambini, J; Inglés, M; López-Grueso, R; Olaso-González, G; Viña, J, )		0.13
" The single dose (40 mg) of the soluble t-Res was well absorbed and elicited biologically efficient blood levels (0."( Optimization of trans-Resveratrol bioavailability for human therapy.
Amiot, MJ; Burcelin, R; Ciccolini, J; Dao, TM; Emond, C; Fanciullino, R; Pechere, L; Romier, B; Savouret, JF; Seree, E, 2013)		0.39
", low bioavailability but high bioactivity, is a conundrum not yet solved in which the final responsible actor (if any) for the exerted effects has not yet been unequivocally identified."( Resveratrol and clinical trials: the crossroad from in vitro studies to human evidence.
Espín, JC; García-Conesa, MT; González-Sarrías, A; Larrosa, M; Tomás-Barberán, FA; Tomé-Carneiro, J, 2013)		0.39
"Altogether, our data provide significant new insight into the molecular mechanism of RSV and support the notion that despite low bioavailability in vivo, RSV biological effects could be mediated by its metabolites."( Resveratrol metabolites inhibit human metastatic colon cancer cells progression and synergize with chemotherapeutic drugs to induce cell death.
Aires, V; Cotte, AK; Delmas, D; Ghiringhelli, F; Latruffe, N; Limagne, E, 2013)		0.39
" However, its low water-solubility and bioavailability could limit its use in both food and pharmaceutical fields."( Reversed phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography used for the physicochemical and thermodynamic characterization of piceatannol/β-cyclodextrin complex.
Amira-Guebailia, H; Houache, O; Messiad, H, 2013)		0.39
" It emerged that the poor bioavailability of these nutraceuticals poses an obstacle to their exerting adequate anti-cancer potential."( Nutraceuticals as new treatment approaches for oral cancer: II. Green tea extracts and resveratrol.
Chaushu, G; Dayan, A; Dayan, D; Salo, T; Vered, M; Zlotogorski, A, 2013)		0.39
"These results indicate that influence of the processing could improve the bioavailability of gallic acid and reduce the absorption of PM-SG, polydatin and emodin in rats."( Influence of processing on pharmacokinetic of typical constituents in radix polygoni multiflori after oral administration by LC-ESI-MS/MS.
Chang, YX; Gao, XM; He, J; Li, J; Ma, WF; Zhang, BL; Zhang, L; Zhang, P; Zheng, F, 2013)		0.39
" Future studies which characterize the bioavailability and efficacy of resveratrol supplementation are critical to provide evidence for its long-term health benefits."( Resveratrol vs. calorie restriction: data from rodents to humans.
Lam, YY; Peterson, CM; Ravussin, E, 2013)		0.39
" Its bioavailability is low and raises the possibility that the metabolites of resveratrol have biological effects."( Resveratrol 3-O-D-glucuronide and resveratrol 4'-O-D-glucuronide inhibit colon cancer cell growth: evidence for a role of A3 adenosine receptors, cyclin D1 depletion, and G1 cell cycle arrest.
Carew, MA; Carrington, S; Meira, LB; Modjtahedi, H; Polycarpou, E; Tyrrell, E, 2013)		0.39
" However, the biggest problem associated with this molecule, a limited bioavailability due to its fast metabolism in the liver, has led to obtaining its analogues or derivatives."( Resveratrol and analogues: a review of antioxidant activity and applications to human health.
da Silva, AD; de Carvaho, GS; Oliveira, V; Raposo, NR; Santos, JA, 2013)		0.39
"Due to the low bioavailability of resveratrol, determining whether its metabolites exert any beneficial effect is an interesting issue."( Resveratrol metabolites modify adipokine expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and mature adipocytes.
Churruca, I; Eseberri, I; Lasa, A; Portillo, MP, 2013)		0.39
"It is well known that resveratrol (RSV) displayed cancer-preventing and anticancer properties but its clinical application is limited because of a low bioavailability and a rapid clearance from the circulation."( Synthesis and cytotoxic activity evaluation of 2,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives on human breast cancer cell lines.
Bertamino, A; Campiglia, P; Caruso, A; Chimento, A; Gomez-Monterrey, IM; Milite, C; Musella, S; Novellino, E; Pezzi, V; Sala, M; Saturnino, C; Sinicropi, MS; Sirianni, R; Tortorella, P, 2013)		0.39
" Here we review: (a) the sources, the metabolism, and the bioavailability of resveratrol; (b) the ability of resveratrol to modulate redox signalling and to interact with multiple molecular targets of diverse intracellular pathways; (c) its protective effects against oxidative damage in cardio-cerebro-vascular districts and metabolic disorders such as diabetes; and (d) the evidence for its efficacy and toxicity in humans."( Antioxidant effects of resveratrol in cardiovascular, cerebral and metabolic diseases.
Bartolo, M; Carrizzo, A; Damato, A; Forte, M; Maciag, A; Puca, AA; Salzano, F; Trimarco, V; Vecchione, C, 2013)		0.39
" The present study investigated the synergistic antidepressant-like effect of trans-resveratrol and piperine, a bioavailability enhancer, in mice and explored the possible mechanism."( Piperine potentiates the antidepressant-like effect of trans-resveratrol: involvement of monoaminergic system.
Chen, Z; Huang, W; Li, G; Lin, M; Pan, J; Wang, Q; Wu, F; Wu, S; Xie, X; Xu, Y; Yan, Q; Yu, X, 2013)		0.39
" With the aim of improving bioavailability and selectivity, the antiproliferative effects of free-, liposomed-, and immunoliposomed-curcumin and/or resveratrol formulations have been compared in two human breast cancer cell lines with different HER2 expression levels."( Immunoliposome encapsulation increases cytotoxic activity and selectivity of curcumin and resveratrol against HER2 overexpressing human breast cancer cells.
Barrajón-Catalán, E; Catania, A; Cicirata, F; Micol, V; Nicolosi, S, 2013)		0.39
" Resveratrol suppresses MTC growth in vitro, but it has low bioavailability in vivo due to its poor water solubility and rapid metabolic breakdown, as well as lack of tumor-targeting ability."( Octreotide-functionalized and resveratrol-loaded unimolecular micelles for targeted neuroendocrine cancer therapy.
Burke, JF; Chen, H; Gong, S; Jaskula-Sztul, R; Pilla, S; Xu, W, 2013)		0.39
"The phytochemical resveratrol has been shown to exert numerous health benefits in preclinical studies, but its rapid metabolism and resulting poor bioavailability may limit translation of these effects to humans."( Sulfate metabolites provide an intracellular pool for resveratrol generation and induce autophagy with senescence.
Andreadi, C; Brenner, DE; Britton, RG; Brown, K; Brown, VA; Gescher, AJ; Horner-Glister, E; Karmokar, A; Patel, KR; Sale, S; Singh, R; Steward, WP, 2013)		0.39
" Different studies were undertaken to obtain synthetic analogs of resveratrol with major bioavailability and anticancer activity."( Biological activity of 3-chloro-azetidin-2-one derivatives having interesting antiproliferative activity on human breast cancer cell lines.
Bertamino, A; Campana, C; Campiglia, P; Caruso, A; Chimento, A; Gomez-Monterrey, IM; Martire, E; Musella, S; Novellino, E; Parisi, OI; Pezzi, V; Puoci, F; Sala, M; Saturnino, C; Sinicropi, MS; Sirianni, R, 2013)		0.39
" This paper presents a review of the most recent studies on the complexes formed between several important types of antioxidant compounds and cyclodextrins, focusing on the contradictory data reported in the literature concerning to the antioxidant activity of the host/guest molecule complexes, the different complexation constants reported for identical complexes, the bioavailability of the antioxidant compound in the presence of cyclodextrins and recommendation concerning the use of natural or modified cyclodextrins."( Cyclodextrins and antioxidants.
García-Carmona, F; López-Nicolás, JM; Rodríguez-Bonilla, P, 2014)		0.4
"Different O/W nanoemulsion-based delivery systems were developed in order to optimize the bioavailability of encapsulated resveratrol for potential oral administration."( Bioavailability of encapsulated resveratrol into nanoemulsion-based delivery systems.
Balestrieri, ML; Castaldo, D; D'Onofrio, N; Donsì, F; Ferrari, G; Servillo, L; Sessa, M; Tsao, R, 2014)		0.4
"The study of the bioavailability of active compounds in functional foods, such as polyphenol-rich beverages, is required before making nutritional claims."( Resveratrol metabolic fingerprinting after acute and chronic intakes of a functional beverage in humans.
Andres-Lacueva, C; Martí, MM; Reglero, G; Rotches-Ribalta, M; Urpi-Sarda, M, 2014)		0.4
"The biochemical activities of plant flavonoids and stilbenoids point to many health-related applications, hampered however by a low bioavailability associated with rapid metabolic modification."( Prodrugs of quercetin and resveratrol: a strategy under development.
Biasutto, L; Zoratti, M, 2014)		0.4
" In vitro evidence of resveratrol efficacy is widespread, however, many concerns regarding its effectiveness in vivo arise from its poor stability in vitro and bioavailability following oral ingestion."( Chemistry, stability and bioavailability of resveratrol.
d'Erme, M; Francioso, A; Masci, A; Mastromarino, P; Mosca, L, 2014)		0.4
" However, the generally low solubility, stability, bioavailability and target specificity, together with the side effects seen when used at high levels, have limited their application."( Application of nanotechnology in improving bioavailability and bioactivity of diet-derived phytochemicals.
Moustaid-Moussa, N; Nie, S; Su, R; Sun, M; Wang, S; Wu, D; Zhang, J, 2014)		0.4
"Resveratrol has many proposed health benefits, including the prevention of cancers, but its low bioavailability is considered a limiting factor in translating these effects to humans."( Resveratrol-sulfates provide an intracellular reservoir for generation of parent resveratrol, which induces autophagy in cancer cells.
Andreadi, C; Britton, RG; Brown, K; Patel, KR, 2014)		0.4
" We conclude intravenous resveratrol acts as an acute renal vasodilator, partially mediated by increased NO production/NO bioavailability and superoxide scavenging but not by inducing vasodilatory cyclooxygenase products."( Resveratrol induces acute endothelium-dependent renal vasodilation mediated through nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species scavenging.
Beierwaltes, WH; Gordish, KL, 2014)		0.4
" However, its limited bioavailability and poor stability in solution hamper its use in pharmaceutical applications."( Improved stability of trans-resveratrol in aqueous solutions by carboxymethylated (1,3/1,6)-β-D-glucan.
Boffi, A; d'Erme, M; Francioso, A; Mastromarino, P; Mosca, L; Restignoli, R, 2014)		0.4
" There are, however, comparatively fewer studies that have investigated resveratrol treatment and cancer outcomes in vivo, perhaps limited by its poor bioavailability when taken orally."( Resveratrol and cancer: focus on in vivo evidence.
Carter, LG; D'Orazio, JA; Pearson, KJ, 2014)		0.4
" By virtue of extensive pre-systemic metabolism and existence of enterohepatic recirculation, t-RVT bioavailability is almost zero."( Trans-resveratrol self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) with enhanced bioavailability potential: optimization, pharmacokinetics and in situ single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) studies.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2015)		0.42
" Resveratrol, the main antioxidant in red wine, improves NO bioavailability and prevents cardiovascular disease."( Resveratrol decreases fructose-induced oxidative stress, mediated by NADPH oxidase via an AMPK-dependent mechanism.
Chen, BZ; Cheng, PW; Cheng, WH; Ho, WY; Hsiao, M; Lu, PJ; Lu, WH; Su, YT; Sun, GC; Tseng, CJ; Yeh, TC, 2014)		0.4
" The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that the limited bioavailability of tRes can be improved by modifying its structure to create analogs which would be glucuronidated at a lower rate than tRes itself."( Novel resveratrol-based substrates for human hepatic, renal, and intestinal UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.
Bratton, SM; Crooks, PA; Eddy, SD; Greer, AK; Hendrickson, HP; Madadi, NR; Mazerska, Z; Radominska-Pandya, A, 2014)		0.4
" However, there remains concern regarding low bioavailability and wide inter-individual differences in absorption and metabolism in humans, which suggests a great need to develop novel methods for resveratrol delivery."( Development of a lozenge for oral transmucosal delivery of trans-resveratrol in humans: proof of concept.
Blanchard, OL; Friesenhahn, G; Javors, MA; Smoliga, JM, 2014)		0.4
" Therefore, the developed PEG conjugate is a favorable system for modifying the solubility and bioavailability of RES."( Amino acid-PEGylated resveratrol and its influence on solubility and the controlled release behavior.
Chen, A; Du, H; Huang, D; Shang, Z; Song, H; Zhang, Y; Zhao, H, 2014)		0.4
" Our results suggest that polyphenolic compounds might be potential structural bases and source to find and project nature-based, safe, orally bioavailable direct thrombin inhibitors."( Thrombin inhibitory activity of some polyphenolic compounds.
Bijak, M; Krotkiewski, H; Nowak, P; Pawlaczyk, I; Ponczek, M; Saluk, J; Wachowicz, B; Ziewiecki, R, 2014)		0.4
"Resveratrol (RSV) regulates NAD bioavailability and sirtuin-related metabolism, which relates to aging, metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease."( Resveratrol ameliorates hepatic metaflammation and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Lim, Y; Yang, SJ, 2014)		0.4
" The drug suffers enterohepatic recirculation and extensive first-pass metabolism by CYP3A4 in liver, resulting in very low bioavailability (almost zero)."( Optimized PLGA nanoparticle platform for orally dosed trans-resveratrol with enhanced bioavailability potential.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"The current studies entail a novel formulation approach to develop systematically optimized (OPT) nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the oral bioavailability potential using poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) of t-RVT and overcome enterohepatic recirculation."( Optimized PLGA nanoparticle platform for orally dosed trans-resveratrol with enhanced bioavailability potential.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"6-fold) indicated significant enhancement in the rate and extent of bioavailability by the OPT formulation compared to pure drug and marketed product."( Optimized PLGA nanoparticle platform for orally dosed trans-resveratrol with enhanced bioavailability potential.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"The studies, therefore, could provide another useful tool for successful development of t-RVT NPs and an in vivo approach to designate nanoparticulate system of t-RVT with distinctly improved bioavailability and to overcome enterohepatic recirculation."( Optimized PLGA nanoparticle platform for orally dosed trans-resveratrol with enhanced bioavailability potential.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"The current studies entail successful formulation of systematically optimized (OPT) nanoparticulate drug delivery system to increase the oral bioavailability using Eudragit RL 100 of trans-resveratrol (t-RVT), and evaluate their in-vitro/in-vivo performance."( In-vitro/in-vivo characterization of trans-resveratrol-loaded nanoparticulate drug delivery system for oral administration.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"25-fold) indicated significant enhancement in the rate and extent of bioavailability by the optimized trans-resveratrol-loaded Eudragit RL 100 nanoparticles (OPT-t-RVT NPs) compared with pure drug."( In-vitro/in-vivo characterization of trans-resveratrol-loaded nanoparticulate drug delivery system for oral administration.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"The results, therefore, insight into the role of solubility enhancement and trounce enterohepatic recirculation for improving the oral bioavailability of t-RVT."( In-vitro/in-vivo characterization of trans-resveratrol-loaded nanoparticulate drug delivery system for oral administration.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"The consumption of cacao-derived products, particularly in the form of dark chocolate is known to provide beneficial cardiovascular effects in normal individuals and in those with vascular dysfunction (reduced nitric oxide [NO] bioavailability and/or synthesis)."( Cell membrane mediated (-)-epicatechin effects on upstream endothelial cell signaling: evidence for a surface receptor.
Ceballos, G; Moreno-Ulloa, A; Ramirez-Sanchez, I; Romero-Perez, D; Villarreal, F, 2014)		0.4
" This lack of cognitive effects may be due to low bioavailability and, in turn, reduced bioefficacy of resveratrol in vivo."( Effects of resveratrol alone or in combination with piperine on cerebral blood flow parameters and cognitive performance in human subjects: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over investigation.
Dew, TP; Haskell, CF; Kennedy, DO; Reay, JL; Wightman, EL; Williamson, G, 2014)		0.4
" Its bioavailability after an oral dose is very low and therefore it is very important to make sure that plasma concentrations of free resveratrol are sufficient enough to be active as antioxidant."( PTEN mediates the antioxidant effect of resveratrol at nutritionally relevant concentrations.
Abdelaziz, KM; Bonet-Costa, V; Borrás, C; El Alami, M; Gambini, J; Inglés, M; Miguel, MG; Viña, J, 2014)		0.4
"gov NCT01747252) revealed relatively high bioavailability and two distinctly separated plasma concentration peaks at 1 and 5 h."( A novel red grape cells complex: health effects and bioavailability of natural resveratrol.
Azachi, M; Danon, A; Hagay, Y; Katz, A; Yatuv, R, 2014)		0.4
" To improve the drug stability, increase the bioavailability and minimize side-effects of resveratrol, novel drug delivery systems have been formulated to bring this potential candidate to the first line of disease treatment."( Resveratrol: review on therapeutic potential and recent advances in drug delivery.
Ali, J; Baboota, S; Pangeni, R; Sahni, JK; Sharma, S, 2014)		0.4
" In the near future, resveratrol-based therapies with either resveratrol or its analogs that have better bioavailability could be useful in the treatment of diabetes and its complications, either alone or in combination with other anti-diabetic drugs."( Resveratrol and diabetes.
Evangelopoulos, A; Kazazis, C; Vallianou, NG, 2013)		0.39
" Furthermore, many questions remain still unsolved, such as the dose or the duration of treatment to maximize its effects, the bioavailability of resveratrol and the role of food matrix to improve its bioactivity."( Resveratrol: a supplementation for men or for mice?
Bo, S; Ponzo, V; Soldati, L, 2014)		0.4
" We also focused on analysis of RSV uptake, and on the effects of low RSV concentrations, considering the limited bioavailability of RSV in vivo."( Stilbenes and resveratrol metabolites improve mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation defects in human fibroblasts.
Aires, V; Bastin, J; Benoist, JF; Delmas, D; Djouadi, F; Latruffe, N; Le Bachelier, C; Schlemmer, D, 2014)		0.4
" However, poor aqueous solubility and cellular bioavailability has limited its therapeutic application."( Lipid based nanoemulsifying resveratrol for improved physicochemical characteristics, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antiangiogenic efficacy.
Joshi, A; More, U; Pund, S; Thakur, R, 2014)		0.4
" Their efficacy has been tested in tumor xenografted mice and considerable experimental findings have stimulated researchers to further improve the bioavailability of these nutraceuticals."( Targeting cancer with nano-bullets: curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol and quercetin on flying carpets.
Aras, A; Farooqi, AA; Hechenleitner, AA; Khokhar, AR; Pineda, EA; Qureshi, MZ; Silva, MF; Sobczak-Kupiec, A, 2014)		0.4
" Derivatives are under development with the aim of improving their bioavailability and/or bioefficacy."( Improving the efficacy of plant polyphenols.
Azzolini, M; Biasutto, L; Mattarei, A; Paradisi, C; Romio, M; Sassi, N; Zoratti, M, 2014)		0.4
"7 ng/mL) and poor oral bioavailability (2."( Quantification of the resveratrol analogs trans-2,3-dimethoxy-stilbene and trans-3,4-dimethoxystilbene in rat plasma: application to pre-clinical pharmacokinetic studies.
Cardullo, N; Lin, HS; Ng, SY; Ong, PS; Spatafora, C; Tringali, C; Yeo, SC, 2014)		0.4
" Despite the array of bioactivities that it possesses, RES has low bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility and dissolution properties."( Resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles reduce oxidative stress induced by radiation or amyloid-beta in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans.
Dong, J; Li, X; Lu, X; Si, J; Xu, H; Yin, H; Zheng, D, 2014)		0.4
" However, the methylated resveratrol analogs exhibit better bioavailability as they are more easily transported into the cell and more resistant to degradation."( Biosynthesis of methylated resveratrol analogs through the construction of an artificial biosynthetic pathway in E. coli.
Choi, O; Hong, YS; Hwang, BY; Jang, JH; Kang, SY; Kim, CY; Lee, JK, 2014)		0.4
" To achieve an equivalent effect, a 10-fold dosage of genistein was required, thus highlighting the dose advantage of resveratrol, as poor bioavailability is a common concern for its clinical application."( Arsenic trioxide and resveratrol show synergistic anti-leukemia activity and neutralized cardiotoxicity.
Chen, M; Fan, Y; Fang, K; Meng, J; Tu, Y; Wan, L; Yu, L; Zhu, W, 2014)		0.4
" No information about the bioavailability of these polyphenols is available."( Investigation of the absorption of resveratrol oligomers in the Caco-2 cellular model of intestinal absorption.
Bartel, LC; Empl, MT; Michael, M; Schebb, NH; Willenberg, I; Wonik, J, 2015)		0.42
" Further, various studies demonstrated several issues associated with resveratrol which account for its poor systemic bioavailability (almost zero) due to rapid and extensive first pass metabolism and existence of enterohepatic recirculation."( Recent advances of resveratrol in nanostructured based delivery systems and in the management of HIV/AIDS.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2014)		0.4
"Resveratrol, a natural compound found in grapes, has potential chemotherapy effects but very low oral bioavailability in humans."( Pre-formulation studies of resveratrol.
Liang, D; Mock, C; Robinson, K, 2015)		0.42
"Low bioavailability severely hinders exploitation of the biomedical potential of resveratrol."( New water-soluble carbamate ester derivatives of resveratrol.
Azzolini, M; Biasutto, L; Carraro, M; Mattarei, A; Paradisi, C; Zoratti, M, 2014)		0.4
" To test this, the effect of resveratrol on NO bioavailability was measured in thick ascending limb suspensions."( Resveratrol increases nitric oxide production in the rat thick ascending limb via Ca2+/calmodulin.
Cabral, PD; Garvin, JL; Gonzalez-Vicente, A, 2014)		0.4
" RES treatment of bone cells results in protective effects, but dose translation from in vitro studies to clinically relevant doses is limited since bioavailability is not taken into account."( Resveratrol supplementation affects bone acquisition and osteoporosis: Pre-clinical evidence toward translational diet therapy.
Tou, JC, 2015)		0.42
"To develop an optimized supersaturable self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) in order to improve the oral bioavailability of trans-resveratrol (t-RVT), together with surmounting poor aqueous solubility, enterohepatic recirculation and controlling drug precipitation, by employing a precipitation inhibitor (PPI) that is, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)."( In vitro and in vivo performance of supersaturable self-nanoemulsifying system of trans-resveratrol.
Pai, RS; Singh, G, 2016)		0.43
" However, the translational potential of resveratrol has been limited by its specificity, poor bioavailability and uncertain toxicity."( Resveratrol and its oligomers: modulation of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling in disease.
Anthony, NG; Gray, AI; Lim, KG; Mackay, SP; Pyne, NJ; Pyne, S, 2014)		0.4
" The poor bioavailability of resveratrol in humans has been a major concern for translating basic science findings into clinical utility."( Enhancing the delivery of resveratrol in humans: if low bioavailability is the problem, what is the solution?
Blanchard, O; Smoliga, JM, 2014)		0.4
" Resveratrol (Res) is a promising candidate for overcoming cancer chemoresistance, but it has low bioavailability due to poor absorption, and ready metabolism limits its application."( mPEG-b-PCL/TPGS mixed micelles for delivery of resveratrol in overcoming resistant breast cancer.
Chen, M; Chen, R; Morott, J; Repka, MA; Wang, S; Wang, Y, 2015)		0.42
"Resveratrol, a potent natural antioxidant, possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, but its oral bioavailability is very low due to its extensive hepatic and presystemic metabolism."( Vitamin E loaded resveratrol nanoemulsion for brain targeting for the treatment of Parkinson's disease by reducing oxidative stress.
Ali, J; Baboota, S; Mustafa, G; Pangeni, R; Sharma, S, 2014)		0.4
"Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a well-known natural polyphenolic compound that has garnered considerable interest because of its bioavailability and pharmacokinetics in humans."( Novel antifungal mechanism of resveratrol: apoptosis inducer in Candida albicans.
Lee, DG; Lee, J, 2015)		0.42
" Recently, nanotechnology-based formulations (nanoformulations) are being looked upon as a novel method for improving the pharmacokinetic properties, as well as enhancing targetability and bioavailability of resveratrol."( Resveratrol nanoformulations: challenges and opportunities.
Jambhrunkar, S; Popat, A; Qu, Z; Soo, E; Summerlin, N; Thakur, S, 2015)		0.42
" In this work carbomer microgels were combined with agarose networks in a semi-interpenetrating polymer network structure, aiming at obtaining suitable delivery systems for the loading and release of molecules with poor bioavailability but high therapeutic interest, like resveratrol."( Cross-linked poly(acrylic acids) microgels and agarose as semi-interpenetrating networks for resveratrol release.
Albani, D; Giordano, C; Munarin, F; Petrini, P; Prina, E; Rodilossi, S; Tunesi, M, 2015)		0.42
" This study thus aimed to elucidate brain bioavailability of trans-resveratrol by monitoring brain concentrations and dwell times following administration of resveratrol through intragastric, intraperitoneal, external carotid artery/ECA and intrathecal routes."( Diffusion Efficiency and Bioavailability of Resveratrol Administered to Rat Brain by Different Routes: Therapeutic Implications.
Chen, XY; Gu, JY; Kong, QY; Li, H; Liu, J; Shi, S; Shu, XH; Song, X; Wang, LL; Wu, ML, 2015)		0.42
" However, its low bioavailability upon oral ingestion and lack of specificity may hamper the translation of the encouraging experimental data into human health benefits."( Common pathways in health benefit properties of RSV in cardiovascular diseases, cancers and degenerative pathologies.
Aires, V; Delmas, D, 2015)		0.42
" Further preclinical and clinical studies are needed in order to understand safety, bioavailability and bioefficacy of dietary polyphenols in IBD patients."( The role of dietary polyphenols in the management of inflammatory bowel disease.
Abdollahi, M; Farzaei, MH; Rahimi, R, 2015)		0.42
" Poor bioavailability is the main factor limiting the efficacy of chemopreventive agents."( Nanoparticles increase the efficacy of cancer chemopreventive agents in cells exposed to cigarette smoke condensate.
Fenoglio, D; Filaci, G; Izzotti, A; Lee, JL; Parodi, A; Pulliero, A; Romani, M; Sinkam, PN; Soares, CP; Wu, Y, 2015)		0.42
" The strong effects of resveratrol on the mitochondrial respiratory chain and on glycolysis suggest that caution should be used in attempts to increase bioavailability of this compound in the CNS."( Silent information regulator 1 modulator resveratrol increases brain lactate production and inhibits mitochondrial metabolism, whereas SRT1720 increases oxidative metabolism.
Beart, PM; Klugmann, M; Lau, CL; Rae, CD; Rowlands, BD; Ryall, JG; Thomas, DS, 2015)		0.42
"Nanoemulsions have been developed for the oral delivery of poorly bioavailable phenolic compounds that are sensitive to intestinal glucuronidation."( Involvement of the inhibition of intestinal glucuronidation in enhancing the oral bioavailability of resveratrol by labrasol containing nanoemulsions.
Chang, Q; Liao, YH; Liu, CY; Liu, XM; Pan, RL; Yang, FF; Zhou, J; Zhou, M, 2015)		0.42
"To increase its bioavailability and anticancer efficacy, we have encapsulated RSV-GNPs by Coacervation method."( Resveratrol loaded gelatin nanoparticles synergistically inhibits cell cycle progression and constitutive NF-kappaB activation, and induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells.
Hoti, SL; Karthikeyan, S; Prasad, NR, 2015)		0.42
"Growing evidence suggests that the elevation of free fatty acids, including palmitic acid (PA), are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, which may be involved in endothelial dysfunction, characterized by the reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) synthesized from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)."( Resveratrol analog piceatannol restores the palmitic acid-induced impairment of insulin signaling and production of endothelial nitric oxide via activation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidative heme oxygenase-1 in human endothelial cells.
Cheong, YK; Chung, HT; Jeong, SO; Lee, JH; Pae, HO; Park, SH; Son, Y, 2015)		0.42
" In the second part of the review we have addressed the issue of resveratrol bioavailability and the importance of wine matrix and phytocomplex highlighting the biological effects that can be obtained with nutraceuticals and resveratrol pills compared to the daily consumption of a glass of red wine."( Wine, alcohol and pills: What future for the French paradox?
Bertelli, AA; Biagi, M, 2015)		0.42
" However, the low bioavailability of resveratrol raises questions about whether the antidiabetic effects of oral resveratrol can act directly on these tissues."( Resveratrol activates duodenal Sirt1 to reverse insulin resistance in rats through a neuronal network.
Baur, JA; Breen, DM; Côté, CD; Daljeet, M; Duca, FA; Filippi, BM; Lam, TK; Rasmussen, BA; Zadeh-Tahmasebi, M, 2015)		0.42
" Its limited bioavailability provides compelling evidence of the need for more suitable formulations in order to attain better clinical effectiveness."( Stability and solubility of trans-resveratrol are strongly influenced by pH and temperature.
Kristl, J; Lavrič, Z; Zupančič, Š, 2015)		0.42
" To meet these drawbacks, some resveratrol conjugates would be useful, which would possess improved stability, uptake and bioavailability than the lead compound, and the ability to release it once it is internalized into the cell."( Synthesis of amphiphilic resveratrol lipoconjugates and evaluation of their anticancer activity towards neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line.
Cardullo, N; Chillemi, R; Greco, V; Malfa, G; Sciuto, S; Tomasello, B, 2015)		0.42
" When it was given as an oral suspension (10 mg/kg), DHS was absorbed slowly (t max 180 or 300 min) with very limited plasma exposure and absolute oral bioavailability (F = 2."( Determination of naturally occurring resveratrol analog trans-4,4'-dihydroxystilbene in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study.
Chen, W; Elhennawy, MG; Lin, HS; Xiang, X; Yeo, SC, 2015)		0.42
" For this purpose, the oral bioavailability of the encapsulated polyphenol as well as its anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of endotoxic shock was studied."( Zein-Based Nanoparticles Improve the Oral Bioavailability of Resveratrol and Its Anti-inflammatory Effects in a Mouse Model of Endotoxic Shock.
Esparza, I; Gamazo, C; González-Navarro, CJ; Irache, JM; Larraneta, E; Penalva, R, 2015)		0.42
" Resveratrol has very low oral bioavailability and, from a formulation perspective, it has low solubility in water, which leads to its poor absorption upon oral administration."( Dendrimer nanotechnology for enhanced formulation and controlled delivery of resveratrol.
Chauhan, AS, 2015)		0.42
" Some natural derivatives of resveratrol, like pterostilbene, have a better bioavailability than the parent compound."( Effect of substituted stilbenes on platelet function.
Curini, M; Gresele, P; Guglielmini, G; Marcotullio, MC; Messina, F; Orsini, S, 2015)		0.42
" The issue of bioavailability of resveratrol is of paramount importance and is determined by its rapid elimination and the fact that its absorption is highly effective, but the first hepatic step leaves little free resveratrol."( Properties of Resveratrol: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies about Metabolism, Bioavailability, and Biological Effects in Animal Models and Humans.
Abdelaziz, KM; Bonet-Costa, V; Borras, C; Gambini, J; Gimeno-Mallench, L; Gomez-Cabrera, MC; Inglés, M; Lopez-Grueso, R; Mas-Bargues, C; Olaso, G; Vina, J, 2015)		0.42
"Trans-resveratrol affects biological systems in a multitude of ways, but its oral bioavailability is remarkably poor due to in vivo metabolization."( Permeation profiles of resveratrol cream delivered through porcine vaginal mucosa: Evaluation of different HPLC stationary phases.
Brandão, MA; Collins, CH; da Silva, CG; de Almeida, PA; de Oliveira, MA; Ferreira, Ade O; Polonini, HC; Raposo, NR; Soldati, PP, 2015)		0.42
" In the present study, we applied the Caco-2-transwell-system in order to investigate the modulation of intestinal bioavailability by soluble fibers."( Investigation of the effects of soluble fibers on the absorption of resveratrol and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PHIP) in the Caco-2 cellular model of intestinal absorption.
Schebb, NH; Willenberg, I; Wonik, J, 2015)		0.42
" However, research has recently focused on the investigation of other natural or synthetic compounds in order to find substances that show a higher bioactivity and/or bioavailability than resveratrol."( The Resveratrol Tetramer r-Viniferin Induces a Cell Cycle Arrest Followed by Apoptosis in the Prostate Cancer Cell Line LNCaP.
Albers, M; Empl, MT; Steinberg, P; Wang, S, 2015)		0.42
" Chronic resveratrol consumption may increase the poor bioavailability of resveratrol or otherwise potentiate its psychological effects."( The effects of chronic trans-resveratrol supplementation on aspects of cognitive function, mood, sleep, health and cerebral blood flow in healthy, young humans.
Dew, T; Haskell-Ramsay, CF; Kennedy, DO; Reay, JL; Wightman, EL; Williamson, G; Zhang, W, 2015)		0.42
" Therefore, resveratrol derivatives were prepared to improve bioavailability and anti-melanogenesis activity."( Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Resveratrol Derivatives as Melanogenesis Inhibitors.
Hwang, BY; Jo, YH; Kim, C; Kim, SB; Lee, MK; Liu, Q, 2015)		0.42
" Furthermore, RSV suffers from other issues, including limited bioavailability due to extensive hepatic metabolism."( Critical review of resveratrol in xenobiotic-induced hepatotoxicity.
Du, K; Jaeschke, H; McGill, MR; Weemhoff, JL, 2015)		0.42
"39 fold increase in plasma apigenin levels compared to administration of apigenin alone, suggesting that co-administration of resveratrol could increase bioavailability of apigenin."( Resveratrol as a Bioenhancer to Improve Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Apigenin.
Cho, E; Choi, I; Ha, SK; Lee, JA, 2015)		0.42
"Oxidative stress dependent-decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability plays an integral role in hypercholesterolemia-induced erectile dysfunction (ED)."( Resveratrol Protects and Restores Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Corpus Cavernosum.
Atabey, N; Demir, Ö; Esen, AA; Evcim, S; Gidener, S; Kefi, A; Kizer, O; Korhan, P; Murat, N, 2016)		0.43
" However, there is concern that the bioavailability of resveratrol may limit some of its clinical utility."( Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems as a tool to improve solubility and bioavailability of resveratrol.
Abourehab, MA; Balata, GF; Essa, EA; Shamardl, HA; Zaidan, SH, 2016)		0.43
"An understanding of the chemistry and source of resveratrol, its bioavailability and the promising effects on mitochondria brings a new hope to therapy of mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases."( Resveratrol and the mitochondria: From triggering the intrinsic apoptotic pathway to inducing mitochondrial biogenesis, a mechanistic view.
Daglia, M; de Oliveira, MR; Hajheydari, Z; Manayi, A; Nabavi, SF; Nabavi, SM, 2016)		0.43
" By virtue of its lipophilic nature and low molecular weight, sulforaphane displays significantly higher bioavailability than the polyphenol-based dietary supplements that also activate Nrf2."( Sulforaphane and Other Nutrigenomic Nrf2 Activators: Can the Clinician's Expectation Be Matched by the Reality?
Coombes, JS; Fassett, RG; Houghton, CA, 2016)		0.43
" In vivo studies revealed nearly five-fold increase in the bioavailability of SR-1 (AUC0→∞=3411 ± 170."( A novel monolithic controlled delivery system of resveratrol for enhanced hepatoprotection: nanoformulation development, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, I; Ahmad, S; Iqbal, Z; Singh, A, 2016)		0.43
" Similarly absorption rate constant (Ka), fraction absorbed (Fab) and effective permeability (Peff) of FEX were increased significantly in ileum of RSV and VER pretreated groups when compared to FEX alone group."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in rats: Involvement of P-glycoprotein inhibition.
Bedada, SK; Neerati, P; Yellu, NR, 2016)		0.43
"007), and nitric oxide synthase inhibition (with L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester) normalized these blood pressure differences, suggesting improved nitric oxide bioavailability underlies the hemodynamic alterations in the Resv-treated offspring."( Perinatal Resveratrol Supplementation to Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Dams Mitigates the Development of Hypertension in Adult Offspring.
Bourque, SL; Care, AS; Davidge, ST; Dyck, JR; Gragasin, FS; Panahi, S; Sung, MM, 2016)		0.43
" Among many reasons, inefficient systemic delivery and bioavailability of promising chemopreventive agents are considered to significantly contribute to such a disconnection."( Impact of nanotechnology on the delivery of natural products for cancer prevention and therapy.
Sanna, V; Siddiqui, IA, 2016)		0.43
" In present study, we assessed the effects of trans-resveratrol used in combination with piperine, commonly known as a bioavailability enhancer, on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and relevant molecular targets."( Piperine potentiates the effects of trans-resveratrol on stress-induced depressive-like behavior: involvement of monoaminergic system and cAMP-dependent pathway.
An, Y; Lin, M; Pan, J; Wang, G; Wu, F; Xu, X; Xu, Y; Yu, Y; Zhang, C, 2016)		0.43
" Other natural stilbenes derived from resveratrol such as pterostilbene or piceatannol, display higher oral bioavailability and bioactivity than the parent compound, but are far less abundant in natural sources."( Production of highly bioactive resveratrol analogues pterostilbene and piceatannol in metabolically engineered grapevine cell cultures.
Bru-Martínez, R; Cusidó, RM; Martínez-Márquez, A; Morante-Carriel, JA; Palazon, J; Ramírez-Estrada, K, 2016)		0.43
" The studies demonstrated that the composite liposome could generate potent cytotoxicity against the drug-resistant MCF-7/Adr tumor cells in vitro and enhance the bioavailability and the tumor-retention of the drugs in vivo."( Combination Therapy using Co-encapsulated Resveratrol and Paclitaxel in Liposomes for Drug Resistance Reversal in Breast Cancer Cells in vivo.
Guo, F; Liang, W; Meng, J; Wang, C; Xu, H; Yang, XD, 2016)		0.43
" The bioavailability of resveratrol is, however, not favorable, due to its poor water-solubility and extensive metabolism."( [Resveratrol in Pharmaceutical Chemistry].
Noszál, B; Orgován, G, 2015)		0.42
" However, poor efficacy and bioavailability have prevented the use of resveratrol in clinics."( 4-(E)-{(p-tolylimino)-methylbenzene-1,2-diol}, 1 a novel resveratrol analog, differentially regulates estrogen receptors α and β in breast cancer cells.
Abdalla, F; Bhat, HK; Bhat, NK; Chatterjee, A; Dandawate, P; Padhye, S; Ronghe, A; Singh, B, 2016)		0.43
" Moreover, due to the limited pharmacokinetic parameters of resveratrol, multiple strategies aimed at increasing the bioavailability of resveratrol have also been addressed."( Resveratrol and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanistic Insights.
Ahmed, T; Braidy, N; Javed, S; Nabavi, SF; Nabavi, SM; Šamec, D; Tariq, A; Tejada, S, 2017)		0.46
" However, its clinical application is limited because of a low oral bioavailability with high adsorption but rapid metabolism and low tissue concentrations."( Resveratrol and Its Analogs As Antitumoral Agents For Breast Cancer Treatment.
Caruso, A; Chimento, A; Pezzi, V; Saturnino, C; Sinicropi, MS; Sirianni, R, 2016)		0.43
" Unfortunately, low bioavailability and rapid degradation to less active metabolites limit the use of this compound in a practical medicine."( [Biological multifunctionality of resveratrol and its derivatives].
Książek, K; Kuczmarska, A; Mikuła-Pietrasik, J, 2015)		0.42
" A growing body of evidence supports the hypothesis that phenolic phytochemicals with poor bioavailability are possibly acting primarily through remodeling of the gut microbiota."( Resveratrol Attenuates Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO)-Induced Atherosclerosis by Regulating TMAO Synthesis and Bile Acid Metabolism via Remodeling of the Gut Microbiota.
Chen, ML; Mi, MT; Ran, L; Yang, J; Yi, L; Zhang, QY; Zhang, Y; Zhou, X; Zhu, JD, 2016)		0.43
" The consequence of these alterations is a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) with implications for aspects such as control of vascular tone and low grade inflammation."( Effects of exercise training and resveratrol on vascular health in aging.
Gliemann, L; Hellsten, Y; Nyberg, M, 2016)		0.43
"Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene; RES) produces a variety of pharmacological effects; however, its oral bioavailability (BA) approaches zero."( Development of a Solid Dispersion System for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of Resveratrol in Rats.
Chang, CW; Hsu, MC; Wong, CY; Wu, YT, 2017)		0.46
" However, its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism to its glucuronate and sulfate conjugates has opened a debate on the mechanisms underlying its bioactivity."( Cytotoxic, Antiangiogenic and Antitelomerase Activity of Glucosyl- and Acyl- Resveratrol Prodrugs and Resveratrol Sulfate Metabolites.
Carda, M; Dupont, A; Falomir, E; Lucas, R; Martí-Centelles, R; Morales, JC; Peñalver, P; Zafra-Gómez, A, 2016)		0.43
" In this study, we investigated the possibility of improving the dermal bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble drug resveratrol by nanocrystal technology."( Enhancing Topical Delivery of Resveratrol through a Nanosizing Approach.
Caddeo, C; Fadda, AM; Lai, F; Pini, E; Pireddu, R; Sinico, C; Valenti, D, 2017)		0.46
"Resveratrol (RV) 1, a plant polyphenol, has proven effective in commercial products yet drawbacks include low bioavailability due to rapid metabolism."( Synthesis and skin gene analysis of 4'-acetoxy-resveratrol (4AR), therapeutic potential for dermal applications.
Acerson, MJ; Andrus, MB; Lephart, ED, 2016)		0.43
" To overcome the poor oral bioavailability of both compounds and improve patient compliance, a novel self-microemulsifying formulation containing curcumin together with resveratrol was developed."( A Novel Self-Microemulsifying System for the Simultaneous Delivery and Enhanced Oral Absorption of Curcumin and Resveratrol.
Jaisamut, P; Wiwattanapatapee, R; Wiwattanawongsa, K, 2017)		0.46
"The fact that 74% of the cancer drugs are derived from natural sources, naturally occurring polyphenols or its simple analogs with improved bioavailability may have the potential to be cancer drugs in the future."( Polyphenol compounds and PKC signaling.
Das, J; Ramani, R; Suraju, MO, 2016)		0.43
" We also cover recent pharmacologic efforts to improve the poor bioavailability of resveratrol and influence the transition between body systems in humans."( Resveratrol: How Much Wine Do You Have to Drink to Stay Healthy?
Weiskirchen, R; Weiskirchen, S, 2016)		0.43
" However, due to its occurrence in plants more in glycosidic form as piceid, the bioavailability and bioactivity are limited."( Bioconversion of piceid to resveratrol by selected probiotic cell extracts.
Basholli-Salihu, M; Mueller, M; Mulla, D; Praznik, W; Schuster, R; Viernstein, H, 2016)		0.43
"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreases bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and impairs NO-dependent relaxations."( Hydrogen sulfide: A novel mechanism for the vascular protection by resveratrol under oxidative stress in mouse aorta.
Ahmed, A; Dereli, MV; Ozzayım, O; Sevin, G; Yetik-Anacak, G, 2016)		0.43
" However, the anticancer effects of triacetylresveratrol (TRES, an acetylated analog of RES) which has higher bioavailability have not been well established."( In vitro comparative studies of resveratrol and triacetylresveratrol on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and STAT3 and NFκB signaling in pancreatic cancer cells.
Duan, J; E, J; Gu, J; Lu, SE; Malhotra, J; Tan, XL; Xu, F; Yue, W, 2016)		0.43
"88-times increase of bioavailability in the brain by intranasal Res-NSs in situ gel formulation."( Fabrication of an ionic-sensitive in situ gel loaded with resveratrol nanosuspensions intended for direct nose-to-brain delivery.
Chen, W; Hao, J; Jin, K; Tang, H; Tong, T; Zhang, S; Zhao, J; Zhuang, Q, 2016)		0.43
"Despite the therapeutic effects of resveratrol, its clinical application is restricted by its poor oral bioavailability and low water solubility."( Resveratrol cross-linked chitosan loaded with phospholipid for controlled release and antioxidant activity.
Jeong, H; Kim, NH; Lee, DW; Lee, JH; Samdani, KJ; Yoo, DH; Yoo, IS, 2016)		0.43
" Furthermore, the potential preventive activity of curcumin and resveratrol should be evaluated in long-term exposure clinical trials, using preparations with high bioavailability and that are well standardized."( Curcumin and Resveratrol in the Management of Cognitive Disorders: What is the Clinical Evidence?
Di Giacomo, S; Mazzanti, G, 2016)		0.43
" OS reduces the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), which has been associated with hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and a reduced vasodilatory response."( The effects of resveratrol on aging vessels.
Austin, C; Azzawi, M; Degens, H; Diaz, M; Vanhees, L, 2016)		0.43
" Owing to a difference in the affinity of T3 and Toc for the α-tocopherol transfer protein, the bioavailability of orally ingested T3 is lower than that of Toc."( Synergistic Anticancer Effect of Tocotrienol Combined with Chemotherapeutic Agents or Dietary Components: A Review.
Eitsuka, T; Miyazawa, T; Nakagawa, K; Nishida, H; Tatewaki, N, 2016)		0.43
"Nanosizing is frequently used as formulation approach to increase the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs."( Systematical investigation of a combinative particle size reduction technology for production of resveratrol nanosuspensions.
Liu, T; Möschwitzer, JP; Müller, RH, 2017)		0.46
" Resveratrol crosses the blood-brain barrier, and lumbar puncture (LP) greatly increases its bioavailability in rat brains; therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of LP-administered resveratrol on orthotopic rat glioblastomas."( Lumbar puncture-administered resveratrol inhibits STAT3 activation, enhancing autophagy and apoptosis in orthotopic rat glioblastomas.
Hong, L; Jia, L; Jia-Yao, G; Jie, B; Li-Li, W; Lin, S; Mo-Li, W; Pei-Nan, L; Peng, Z; Qian, W; Qing-You, K; Shun, S; Xiao-Hong, S; Xiao-Yan, C; Xue, S, 2016)		0.43
" The limited bioavailability of resveratrol may further impede its potential effects."( Resveratrol and Lifespan in Model Organisms.
Chin, D; Pallauf, K; Rimbach, G; Rupp, PM; Wolf, IM, 2016)		0.43
"The aim of this review is to focus on various studies related to chemical composition l, pharmacological activities, bioavailability problems associated with resveratrol."( Research Problems Associated with Resveratrol (trans-3, 5, 4'- trihydroxystilbene; RSV) and Various Strategies to Overcome those Problems (Review).
Garg, R; Sardana, S, 2017)		0.46
"If bioavailability is such a limitation in the clinical application of resveratrol, then methods need to be optimized for resveratrol formulations."( Research Problems Associated with Resveratrol (trans-3, 5, 4'- trihydroxystilbene; RSV) and Various Strategies to Overcome those Problems (Review).
Garg, R; Sardana, S, 2017)		0.46
"Delivery of the natural anti-inflammatory compound resveratrol with nanoemulsions can dramatically improve its tissue targeting, bioavailability and efficacy."( Development and characterization of resveratrol nanoemulsions carrying dual-imaging agents.
Bagia, C; Cavanaugh, JE; Herneisey, M; Janjic, JM; Liu, L; Mirtic, J; Potdar, S; Williams, J, 2016)		0.43
"Resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to effectively suppress chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in a mouse model; however, when locally administered to the sinonasal cavity, bolus RSV is limited by low drug bioavailability owing to its low aqueous solubility and relatively rapid clearance from the administration site."( Sinonasal Delivery of Resveratrol via Mucoadhesive Nanostructured Microparticles in a Nasal Polyp Mouse Model.
Choy, YB; Huh, BK; Khalmuratova, R; Kim, SN; Lee, M; Lee, SH; Park, CG; Park, JW; Shin, HW, 2017)		0.46
" Resveratrol is a promising anti-restenotic natural drug but subject to low bioavailability when systemically administered."( Restenosis Inhibition and Re-differentiation of TGFβ/Smad3-activated Smooth Muscle Cells by Resveratrol.
Binder, BY; DiRenzo, D; Goel, SA; Guo, LW; Ke, J; Kent, A; Kent, KC; Li, L; Little, C; Murphy, WL; Roenneburg, DA; Shi, XD; Shi, Y; Takayama, T; Urabe, G; Wang, B; Zhang, M; Zhou, Y; Zhu, Y, 2017)		0.46
"Pterostilbene, a structural analog of resveratrol, has higher oral bioavailability and bioactivity than that of the parent compound; but is far less abundant in natural sources."( De novo biosynthesis of pterostilbene in an Escherichia coli strain using a new resveratrol O-methyltransferase from Arabidopsis.
Heo, KT; Hong, YS; Kang, SY, 2017)		0.46
"Despite various beneficial biological properties, resveratrol lacks therapeutic applications because of poor bioavailability due to variable absorption and extensive metabolism."( Increased intestinal permeation and modulation of presystemic metabolism of resveratrol formulated into self-emulsifying drug delivery systems.
Charrueau, C; Dairou, J; Eto, B; Limas Nzouzi, N; Mamadou, G; Ponchel, G, 2017)		0.46
" SNEDDS formulation components were rationally selected and optimized for maximum drug loading by applying the design of experiments and further evaluated for stability in simulated gastrointestinal fluids, functional stability of antioxidants, in vitro release, Caco-2 cell uptake, oral bioavailability and prophylactic anticancer activity."( α-Tocopherol as functional excipient for resveratrol and coenzyme Q10-loaded SNEDDS for improved bioavailability and prophylaxis of breast cancer.
Agrawal, AK; Dora, CP; Garg, T; Jain, S; Kushwah, V; Thanki, K, 2017)		0.46
" However, poor bioavailability of resveratrol is a potential limitation for resveratrol treatment and cancer outcome in vivo."( Resveratrol as MDR reversion molecule in breast cancer: An overview.
Alamolhodaei, NS; Hayes, AW; Karimi, G; Ramezani, M; Tsatsakis, AM, 2017)		0.46
" Future human studies should address the appropriate dose range and low bioavailability of resveratrol."( Resveratrol Improves Vascular Function and Mitochondrial Number but Not Glucose Metabolism in Older Adults.
Anghel, V; Barzilai, N; Bonkowski, MS; Coleville, AJ; Crandall, JP; Golden, A; Hawkins, M; Kim, S; Kulkarni, AS; Moaddel, R; O'Broin, P; Pollack, RM; Powell, D; Sinclair, DA; Stein, D; Zhang, K, 2017)		0.46
"Isorhapontigenin, an orally bioavailable dietary polyphenol, displayed superior anti-inflammatory effects compared with resveratrol."( Isorhapontigenin, a bioavailable dietary polyphenol, suppresses airway epithelial cell inflammation through a corticosteroid-independent mechanism.
Barnes, PJ; Donnelly, LE; Fenwick, PS; Lin, HS; Yeo, SCM, 2017)		0.46
" However, their poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability limit their clinical use."( Alginate Nanoparticles Containing Curcumin and Resveratrol: Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation Against DU145 Prostate Cancer Cell Line.
Dash, AK; Saralkar, P, 2017)		0.46
" Different types of formulations have been designed for the improvement of bioavailability of these compounds, nanonization being one of the most notable approaches among them."( Polyphenol nanoformulations for cancer therapy: experimental evidence and clinical perspective.
Abdollahi, M; Bahramsoltani, R; Davatgaran-Taghipour, Y; Farzaei, MH; Karimi-Soureh, Z; Masoomzadeh, S; Rahimi, R, 2017)		0.46
" Concurrent administration of RES and QUR was able to enhance the bioavailability of RES."( Co-encapsulated resveratrol and quercetin in chitosan and peg modified chitosan nanoparticles: For efficient intra ocular pressure reduction.
Kandasamy, R; Muthusamy, S; Natesan, S; Palanichamy, R; Pandian, S; Ponnusamy, C, 2017)		0.46
" Indeed, several studies have implicated this bioavailability trait as a major road-block to resveratrol's potential clinical applications."( Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
Adsool, VA; Cui, YT; Goh, YL; Pendharkar, V, 2017)		0.46
"Sulfotransferase activity modulates metabolism of resveratrol in adipocytes with potential consequences on bioavailability and thus metabolic action of this polyphenol."( Role of sulfotransferases in resveratrol metabolism in human adipocytes.
Barron, D; Chabert, C; Gheldof, N; Hager, J; Moco, S; Teav, T, 2017)		0.46
"The effect of diabetes on the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and brain distribution of grape polyphenols and select metabolites was studied in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat model."( Influence of diabetes on plasma pharmacokinetics and brain bioavailability of grape polyphenols and their phase II metabolites in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat.
Chen, TY; Cooper, B; Ferruzzi, MG; Ho, L; Janle, EM; Pasinetti, GM; Simon, JE; Talcott, ST; Todd, G; Wang, J; Wu, QL, 2017)		0.46
"Diabetes may alter the overall bioavailability of some polyphenols in plasma and brain in part due to higher urinary clearance."( Influence of diabetes on plasma pharmacokinetics and brain bioavailability of grape polyphenols and their phase II metabolites in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat.
Chen, TY; Cooper, B; Ferruzzi, MG; Ho, L; Janle, EM; Pasinetti, GM; Simon, JE; Talcott, ST; Todd, G; Wang, J; Wu, QL, 2017)		0.46
" Moreover, its poor solubility in water and low bioavailability are the challenging issues."( Anticonvulsant activity of resveratrol-loaded liposomes in vivo.
Akkaya, H; Aslan, I; Erdogan, CS; Ethemoglu, MS; Kilic, E; Seker, FB; Yilmaz, B, 2017)		0.46
" However, a key problem is their short half-life and low bioavailability under in vivo conditions."( Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
Benlloch, M; Castellano, G; Dellinger, RW; Estrela, JM; Mena, S; Obrador, E; Salvador, R, 2017)		0.46
" Quite often however their instability, extensive metabolization, low bioavailability and poor solubility limit their application in cancer prevention and therapy."( Nanoparticle formulations to enhance tumor targeting of poorly soluble polyphenols with potential anticancer properties.
Bonferoni, MC; Ferrari, F; Rossi, S; Sandri, G, 2017)		0.46
"This study involved physical and pharmacokinetic characterizations of trans-resveratrol (t-Rev)-loaded saLMPMs which attempted to improve t-Rev's pharmacokinetic profiles and bioavailability resolving hurdles limiting its potential health benefits."( Physical and Pharmacokinetic Characterizations of trans-Resveratrol (t-Rev) Encapsulated with Self-Assembling Lecithin-based Mixed Polymeric Micelles (saLMPMs).
Chen, LC; Chen, LG; Ho, HO; Li, TP; Liu, DZ; Sheu, MT; Su, CY; Wong, WP, 2017)		0.46
" We have previously reported that resveratrol and synthetic analogs of resveratrol with a higher bioavailability inhibit the synthesis of androgens in human adrenocortical H295R cells."( Resveratrol, piceatannol and analogs inhibit activation of both wild-type and T877A mutant androgen receptor.
Lundqvist, J; Oskarsson, A; Tringali, C, 2017)		0.46
"We hypothesized that metabolites of dietary flavonoids attenuate impairments in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability evoked by glucotoxic conditions mimicking Type 1 or 2 diabetes."( Metabolites of flavonoid compounds preserve indices of endothelial cell nitric oxide bioavailability under glucotoxic conditions.
Babu, PVA; Jalili, T; Qian, Y; Symons, JD, 2017)		0.46
" Due to complicated pharmacokinetic profile of resveratrol that is characterized by very low bioavailability in spite of high oral absorption, the effects of resveratrol is being studied in new nanotechnology preparations of pharmaceutical formulation."( [Targeted drug delivery system: potential application to resveratrol].
Farghali, H; Kameníková, L, )		0.13
" However, the poor water solubility and low bioavailability of resveratrol limit its clinical applications."( Resveratrol and inflammatory bowel disease.
Jiang, B; Miao, M; Shi, Y; Zhou, J, 2017)		0.46
"Drug nanosuspension is one of the established methods to improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs."( Production of drug nanosuspensions: effect of drug physical properties on nanosizing efficiency.
Liu, T; Möschwitzer, JP; Müller, RH, 2018)		0.48
" However, the low bioavailability of resveratrol makes it worthwhile to explore newer compounds with similar properties."( Protective effects of the resveratrol analog piceid in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells.
Cavanaugh, JE; Parmar, MS; Potdar, S; Ray, SD, 2018)		0.48
" We have conjugated resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, and 3-(5-methoxy, 2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (MOMIPP), a chalcone, to HA with the goal of enhancing drug bioavailability and targeting triple negative breast cancers."( Receptor-Mediated Attachment and Uptake of Hyaluronan Conjugates by Breast Cancer Cells.
Crowder, DC; Ditto, AJ; Maltese, WA; Overmeyer, JH; Shah, KN; Tavana, H; Yun, YH, 2017)		0.46
" Therefore, many researchers focused on designing and synthesizing the derivatives of resveratrol to enhance the bioavailability and the pharmacological activity of resveratrol."( Therapeutic Versatility of Resveratrol Derivatives.
Deng, S; Li, C; Ma, X; Nawaz, W; Shu, X; Zhou, Z, 2017)		0.46
" However, the actual in vivo effect of the inhibitory ability on oral bioavailability is yet verified."( Effects of Ganoderma, Rhodiola and grape seed extracts on the glucuronidation and oral bioavailability of resveratrol in rats.
Chang, Q; Cong, Z; Liao, Y; Liu, C; Liu, X; Pan, R; Yang, F; Zhou, M, 2019)		0.51
" A highly active nano-formulation of resveratrol (XAR™) with enhanced bioavailability is now available."( Stem Cells and Progenitors in Human Peripheral Blood Get Activated by Extremely Active Resveratrol (XAR™).
Bhartiya, D; Chhabria, S; Jadhav, V; Tripathi, A; Tripathi, V, 2018)		0.48
"In this work, in order to enhance the stability, bioavailability and antioxidant activity of insoluble antioxidants used into juice, yoghourt and nutritional supplements, the oligo-hyalurosomes nano-delivery system (CRHs) based on oligo-hyaluronic acid -curcumin (oHC) polymer loaded curcumin(Cur) and resveratrol (Res) was fabricated with new nanotechnolgy."( Co-encapsulation of curcumin and resveratrol into novel nutraceutical hyalurosomes nano-food delivery system based on oligo-hyaluronic acid-curcumin polymer.
Chen, D; Guo, C; Yin, J, 2018)		0.48
"Self-microemulsifying (SME) drug delivery system has been developed to increase oral bioavailabilities, and inhibitory excipients are capable of improving oral bioavailability by inhibiting enzyme mediated intestinal metabolism."( Improving oral bioavailability of resveratrol by a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase inhibitory excipient-based self-microemulsion.
Chang, Q; Cong, ZQ; Hu, X; Liao, YH; Liu, CY; Liu, XM; Pan, RL; Yang, FF; Zhou, J, 2018)		0.48
" However, the polyphenol due to its rapid and extensive metabolism exhibits low bioavailability in vivo."( Physiological uptake and retention of radiolabeled resveratrol loaded gold nanoparticles (
Chadha, VD; Dhawan, DK; Kamal, R, 2018)		0.48
" Further drug-like property analysis demonstrated that the optimized compound, 8d (WI-1758), had liver microsomal metabolic stability, was well tolerated (>2000 mg/kg), and had a rational pharmacokinetic profile, as well as an oral bioavailability of 14."( Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Bioavailable Quinoline-Indole Derivatives as Innovative Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Promotion of Cell Proliferation in the Adult Murine Hippocampus for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
Chan, ASC; Feng, X; Hu, J; Huang, L; Li, X; Wang, Z; Yang, X, 2018)		0.48
" Because of its effectiveness in increasing the permanence and bioavailability of resveratrol in the intestinal epithelium, we investigated whether the effect of resveratrol-loaded in poly(anhydride) nanoparticles reduce oxidative stress and promote myenteric neuroprotection in the ileum of rats subjected to I/R."( Evaluation of the treatment with resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles in intestinal injury model caused by ischemia and reperfusion.
Borges, SC; Buttow, NC; Cavalcanti, OA; da Silva, LM; de Paula Werner, MF; Ferreira, PEB; Irache, JM, 2018)		0.48
" However, its low levels of aqueous solubility, stability, and poor bioavailability limit its application."( Resveratrol liposomes and lipid nanocarriers: Comparison of characteristics and inducing browning of white adipocytes.
Fan, Z; Overby, H; Ren, G; Wang, S; Zhao, L; Zu, Y, 2018)		0.48
" After oral administration of DRG fully solubilized by 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), the plasma profiles of DRG were highly erratic with a low absolute bioavailability (F < 9."( Quantification of desoxyrhapontigenin (4-methoxyresveratrol) in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS: Application to pre-clinical pharmacokinetic study.
Chen, H; Dai, Y; Lin, HS; Ong, PS; Tan, ALC; Wu, J; Xiang, X, 2018)		0.48
" However, the oral bioavailability of these compounds in humans is low (˂1-2%)."( The Oral Bioavailability of Trans-Resveratrol from a Grapevine-Shoot Extract in Healthy Humans is Significantly Increased by Micellar Solubilization.
Behnam, D; Bosy-Westphal, A; Calvo-Castro, LA; David, F; Ehrt, H; Frank, J; Schiborr, C; Sus, N; Voggel, J, 2018)		0.48
"The oral bioavailability of trans-resveratrol from the grapevine-shoot extract Vineatrol30 was significantly increased using a liquid micellar formulation, without any treatment-related adverse effects, making it a suitable system for improved supplementation of trans-resveratrol."( The Oral Bioavailability of Trans-Resveratrol from a Grapevine-Shoot Extract in Healthy Humans is Significantly Increased by Micellar Solubilization.
Behnam, D; Bosy-Westphal, A; Calvo-Castro, LA; David, F; Ehrt, H; Frank, J; Schiborr, C; Sus, N; Voggel, J, 2018)		0.48
" In addition, the bioavailability of these polyphenols is usually very low due to their poor absorption in the gut."( Curcumin and dietary polyphenol research: beyond drug discovery.
Jin, TR, 2018)		0.48
"The objectives of this study were to investigate the following: 1) the bioavailability of resveratrol consumed in combination with curcumin after consumption of a high-fat meal; and 2) the acute combined effects of this combination on the postprandial inflammatory response of subjects with abdominal obesity."( Supplementation with Resveratrol and Curcumin Does Not Affect the Inflammatory Response to a High-Fat Meal in Older Adults with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.
Couillard, C; Couture, P; Gigleux, I; Lamarche, B; Marin, J; Paradis, ME; Vohl, MC; Vors, C, 2018)		0.48
"Kinetics of resveratrol and identified metabolites revealed rapid absorption patterns but also relatively limited bioavailability based on free resveratrol concentrations."( Supplementation with Resveratrol and Curcumin Does Not Affect the Inflammatory Response to a High-Fat Meal in Older Adults with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.
Couillard, C; Couture, P; Gigleux, I; Lamarche, B; Marin, J; Paradis, ME; Vohl, MC; Vors, C, 2018)		0.48
" It was reported that the complex resveratrol-methyl β-cyclodextrin (RV-CD) improves resveratrol's stability and bioavailability and increases its antioxidant activity."( Resveratrol-cyclodextrin complex affects the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in bovine in vitro produced embryos.
Echeverri, J; Gutiérrez-Adán, A; Hamdi, M; López-Herrera, A; Millán de la Blanca, MG; Rizos, D; Sánchez-Calabuig, MJ; Torres, V; Urrego, R, 2018)		0.48
" We have demonstrated the utility of PAMAM dendrimers for enhancing solubility, stability and oral bioavailability of various drugs."( Dendrimers for Drug Delivery.
Chauhan, AS, 2018)		0.48
" However, the clinical applications of Resveratrol are limited due to its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism, while its natural glycosilated precursor Polydatin shows better metabolic stability and major abundance in fresh fruits and vegetables."( Polydatin, Natural Precursor of Resveratrol, Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
Ballini, A; De Maria, S; Di Benedetto, A; Grano, M; Mori, G; Muzio, LL; Porro, C; Posa, F; Ravagnan, G; Trotta, T, 2018)		0.48
" The present study takes the advantages of nanocarriers combined with a ligand (galactose) anchoring to orally deliver RES in an attempt to improve its bioavailability and pharmacological activity."( Galactosylated PLGA nanoparticles for the oral delivery of resveratrol: enhanced bioavailability and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity.
Li, S; Lin, H; Siu, FY; Ye, S, 2018)		0.48
" After oral administration, RES-GNPs significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of RES, up to 335."( Galactosylated PLGA nanoparticles for the oral delivery of resveratrol: enhanced bioavailability and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity.
Li, S; Lin, H; Siu, FY; Ye, S, 2018)		0.48
" Taken together, these results suggest that t-RV can mitigate the AHG-induced EDR damage through a mechanism involving ROS scavenging and probably an increase in the bioavailability of NO."( t-Resveratrol Protects against Acute High Glucose Damage in Endothelial Cells.
Álvarez, R; Balada, C; Flores, G; Guzmán, L; Knox, M; Martínez, JL; Vinet, R, 2018)		0.48
" However, its bioavailability problems have limited its use encouraging the search for new alternatives agents."( In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
da Silva, AD; Esteves, B; Lacerda, LM; Macedo, GC; Pinto, NCC; Santos, JAD; Scio, E; Souza, IO; Zimmermann-Franco, DC, 2018)		0.48
" Results demonstrated that extrusion significantly increased the tamoxifen oral bioavailability (p < 0."( Development of Hot Melt Extruded Solid Dispersion of Tamoxifen Citrate and Resveratrol for Synergistic Effects on Breast Cancer Cells.
Bagde, A; Chowdhury, N; Kutlehria, S; Patel, K; Singh, M; Vhora, I, 2018)		0.48
" However, its biological activity is limited by a poor bioavailability when taken orally."( Increased Oral Bioavailability of Resveratrol by Its Encapsulation in Casein Nanoparticles.
González-Navarro, CJ; Irache, JM; Larrañeta, E; Morales, J; Peñalva, R; Peñuelas, I; Quincoces, G, 2018)		0.48
" However, its low oral bioavailability has often limited the translation of in vitro activities to in vivo effects."( Intranasal administration of resveratrol successfully prevents lung cancer in A/J mice.
Allémann, E; Cuendet, M; Furrer, P; Monteillier, A; Voisin, A, 2018)		0.48
" This is why it is widely studied in terms of activities, bioavailability and quantitation in different foods, beverages and biological matrices."( Quantification of trans-resveratrol and its metabolites in human plasma using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry.
Brochot, A; Defoort, C; Martin, JC; Paut, C; Svilar, L; Tourniaire, F, 2019)		0.51
" Furthermore, RV bioavailability depends on several factors such as dose, associated food matrix, or time of ingestion."( Health Effects of Resveratrol: Results from Human Intervention Trials.
Lamuela-Raventós, RM; Laveriano-Santos, EP; Marhuenda-Muñoz, M; Ramírez-Garza, SL; Storniolo, CE; Tresserra-Rimbau, A; Vallverdú-Queralt, A, 2018)		0.48
" Its rapid metabolism and low bioavailability have been addressed by the use of bio enhancers and nano-formulations."( Resveratrol: from enhanced biosynthesis and bioavailability to multitargeting chronic diseases.
Bhatnagar, A; Pannu, N, 2019)		0.51
"Resveratrol, because of its low solubility in water and its high membrane permeability, is collocated in the second class of the biopharmaceutical classification system, with limited bioavailability due to its dissolution rate."( Solid Dispersion of Resveratrol Supported on Magnesium DiHydroxide (Resv@MDH) Microparticles Improves Oral Bioavailability.
Arcuri, C; Bastianini, M; Bastioli, F; Brecchia, G; Codini, M; Fioretti, B; Iannitti, RG; Mancinelli, L; Menchetti, L; Monarca, L; Nakashidze, I; Ragonese, F; Spogli, R, 2018)		0.48
" However, oral bioavailability of JBP485 is limited due to the impaired absorptive function during intestinal injury."( Resveratrol enhances the protective effects of JBP485 against indomethacin-induced rat intestinal damage in vivo and vitro through up-regulating oligopeptide transporter 1 (Pept1).
Huo, X; Liu, K; Liu, Z; Ma, X; Meng, Q; Shu, R; Sun, H; Sun, P; Wang, C; Wu, J, 2019)		0.51
" However, polyphenols have a low oral bioavailability mainly due to an extensive biotransformation mediated by phase I and phase II reactions in enterocytes and liver but also by gut microbiota."( Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites.
Aprotosoaie, AC; Bujor, A; Luca, SV; Macovei, I; Miron, A; Skalicka-Woźniak, K; Trifan, A, 2020)		0.56
" Given its low bioavailability and extensive metabolism, clinical studies using resveratrol have not always replicated in vitro observations."( Resveratrol and Its Human Metabolites-Effects on Metabolic Health and Obesity.
Moco, S; Springer, M, 2019)		0.51
" However, the medicinal application of resveratrol is constrained by its poor bioavailability and stability."( Derivatives and Analogues of Resveratrol: Recent Advances in Structural Modification.
Deora, GS; Li, QS; Li, Y; Ruan, BF, 2019)		0.51
" Although the clinical utility of resveratrol is well documented, the rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability have limited its therapeutic use."( Health benefits of resveratrol: Evidence from clinical studies.
Gupta, SC; Kaschula, CH; Maiti, P; Rai, V; Singh, AP; Singh, R; Verma, SS, 2019)		0.51
" Unfortunately, this compound exhibits low bioavailability and solubility."( Health benefits of resveratrol administration.
Aebisher, D; Bartusik-Aebisher, D; Galiniak, S, 2019)		0.51
" However, the application of Res was limited by its poor bioavailability and liver targeting."( Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liver targeting of 3-O-β-D-Galactosylated Resveratrol.
Chen, W; Hong, L; Qian, J; Wang, B; Zha, L; Zhang, C, 2019)		0.51
"On the whole, Gal-Res increased cellular uptake to HepG2 cells, bioavailability and liver targeting, providing its future clinical application in the treatment of liver diseases."( Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liver targeting of 3-O-β-D-Galactosylated Resveratrol.
Chen, W; Hong, L; Qian, J; Wang, B; Zha, L; Zhang, C, 2019)		0.51
" However, its low bioavailability and rapid metabolic degradation has led to the suspicion that many of the biological activities of this compound observed in vitro may not be attainable in humans."( Resveratrol-Loaded Lipid Nanocarriers Are Internalized By Endocytosis in Yeast.
Barbosa, C; Côrte-Real, M; Gerós, H; Lúcio, M; Martins, V; Oliveira, MECDR; Santos-Pereira, C; Soares, I; Terra-Matos, J, 2019)		0.51
" Moreover, the use of nanotechnology-based carriers in the delivery of plant-derived anticancer agents, such as RSV, has already demonstrated to surpass the poor water solubility, instability and reduced bioavailability associated with phytochemicals, improving their therapeutic activity, thus prompting pharmaceutical developments."( Targeting Cancer Via Resveratrol-Loaded Nanoparticles Administration: Focusing on In Vivo Evidence.
Caldas, M; Ferreira, L; Figueiras, A; Magalhães, M; Pereira, I; Pereira-Silva, M; Ribeiro, AJ; Santos, AC; Veiga, F, 2019)		0.51
" Despite the potential benefits of RES, its effective use is limited due to its poor solubility, photosensitivity and rapid metabolism, which strongly undermine RES bioavailability and bioactivity."( Nanotechnology-based formulations for resveratrol delivery: Effects on resveratrol in vivo bioavailability and bioactivity.
Caldas, M; Collado-González, M; Ferreira, L; Figueiras, A; Magalhães, M; Pereira, I; Pereira-Silva, M; Ribeiro, AJ; Santos, AC; Veiga, F, 2019)		0.51
" RES bioavailability is less than 1 owing to its low solubility and extensive intestinal and hepatic metabolism."( Nanosized Transferosome-Based Intranasal In Situ Gel for Brain Targeting of Resveratrol: Formulation, Optimization, In Vitro Evaluation, and In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Study.
Abou-Taleb, HA; Kharshoum, RM; Naguib, DM; Salem, HF, 2019)		0.51
"The poor water solubility and oral bioavailability of many lipophilic polyphenols can be improved through the use of colloidal delivery systems."( Encapsulation of Lipophilic Polyphenols into Nanoliposomes Using pH-Driven Method: Advantages and Disadvantages.
Liu, C; Liu, W; McClements, DJ; Peng, S; Zhou, W; Zou, L, 2019)		0.51
" Unfortunately, resveratrol suffers from poor bioavailability that inhibits its accumulation in target tissues, including fat, thus hindering the realization of its therapeutic potential."( Development of microparticles for controlled release of resveratrol to adipose tissue and the impact of drug loading on particle morphology and drug release.
Annamalai, P; Gower, RM; Hendley, MA; Isely, C; Jabbari, E; Kader, S; Murphy, KP, 2019)		0.51
" Numerous nanoformulations, including solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, and liposomes, have been formulated to enhance the bioavailability and stability, as well as the therapeutic efficacy of polyphenols."( Pharmaceutical Topical Delivery of Poorly Soluble Polyphenols: Potential Role in Prevention and Treatment of Melanoma.
Ashby, CR; Chauhan, H; Heenatigala Palliyage, G; Singh, S; Tiwari, AK, 2019)		0.51
"Resveratrol (RSV) has attracted interest as an alternative drug for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) and other pulmonary diseases, but its poor oral bioavailability is a limitation."( Orally delivered resveratrol-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules ameliorate LPS-induced acute lung injury via the ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways.
Bernardi, A; de Oliveira, MTP; de Sá Coutinho, D; Martins, MA; Pohlmann, AR; Silva, PMR; Stanisçuaski Guterres, S; Tenório de Souza, É, 2019)		0.51
" Isorhapontigenin possesses greater oral bioavailability than resveratrol and has also been identified to possess anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties."( Isorhapontigenin, a resveratrol analogue selectively inhibits ADP-stimulated platelet activation.
Albadawi, DAI; Chaggar, V; Dash, PR; Patel, K; Patra, PH; Ravishankar, D; Salamah, M; Vaiyapuri, R; Vaiyapuri, S; Watson, KA; Williams, HF, 2019)		0.51
" The two systems were loaded with resveratrol (RSV), a hydrophobic polyphenol endowed with anti-cancerogenic, anti-inflammatory, and heart/brain protective effects, but with low bioavailability mainly due to poor aqueous solubility."( Chitosan Oleate Coated Poly Lactic-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Nanoparticles versus Chitosan Oleate Self-Assembled Polymeric Micelles, Loaded with Resveratrol.
Bonferoni, MC; Catenacci, L; Dacarro, G; Ferrari, F; Malavasi, L; Miele, D; Rossi, S; Sandri, G; Sorrenti, M, 2019)		0.51
" Bioavailability evidence of closely related structural monomers could be applicable to their dimeric forms."( Natural dimers of coumarin, chalcones, and resveratrol and the link between structure and pharmacology.
Diederich, MF; Menezes, JCJMDS, 2019)		0.51
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51
" There has been a continually increasing interest to formulate nanoformulations of phytochemicals by using various nanocarriers, such as liposomes, micelles, nanoemulsions, and nanoparticles, to improve their bioavailability and target specificity, thereby maximizing the therapeutic potential."( Phytochemicals based chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic strategies and modern technologies to overcome limitations for better clinical applications.
Ansari, MI; Arora, D; Sharma, PK; Singh, VK, 2019)		0.51
" However, low water solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism lead to poor bioavailability of resveratrol, hindering its potential."( Switching from Conventional to Nano-natural Phytochemicals to Prevent and Treat Cancers: Special Emphasis on Resveratrol.
Ahmed, MB; Lee, YS; Shehzad, A, 2019)		0.51
" Considering the poor bioavailability of resveratrol, particularly due to its low aqueous solubility, we aimed to identify analogues of resveratrol with improved pharmacokinetic properties and higher binding affinities towards PPAR-γ."( In silico Discovery of Resveratrol Analogues as Potential Agents in Treatment of Metabolic Disorders.
Goločorbin-Kon, S; Lalić-Popović, M; Mikov, M; Pavlović, N; Stanimirov, B; Stankov, K; Đanić, M, 2019)		0.51
" However, its low levels of aqueous solubility, stability, and poor bioavailability limit its application, especially when used as a free drug."( Anti-breast cancer activity of resveratrol encapsulated in liposomes.
Cao, YN; Cui, SH; Guo, ST; Liang, Z; Sun, J; Wu, Q; Zhang, SB; Zhao, YN; Zhen, YH; Zhi, DF, 2020)		0.56
" Despite its pharmacological properties, the poor bioavailability of resveratrol has been an important barrier that hinders its application as an anticonvulsant."( Micronized resveratrol shows promising effects in a seizure model in zebrafish and signalizes an important advance in epilepsy treatment.
Aguiar, GPS; Almeida, ER; Decui, L; Garbinato, CLL; Mazon, SC; Müller, LG; Oliveira, JV; Schneider, SE; Siebel, AM, 2020)		0.56
" It appears that poor absorption and bioavailability of natural compounds may be one of the reasons for realizing their full potential."( Potential of phytochemicals as immune-regulatory compounds in atopic diseases: A review.
Naura, AS; Sharma, S, 2020)		0.56
" These results suggest that pterostilbene might be a potential anticancer agent targeting both cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells of cervical cancer via the superior bioavailability to resveratrol."( Pterostilbene Suppresses both Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Cervical Cancer with Superior Bioavailability to Resveratrol.
Choi, YS; Han, JM; Jung, HJ; Shin, HJ, 2020)		0.56
" Despite the positive properties of RSV, there are various factors that limit its effectiveness, including low aqueous solubility, low oral bioavailability and chemical instability."( Recent Strategies in Resveratrol Delivery Systems.
Díaz, DD; Fernández, MA; Machado, ND, 2019)		0.51
" These molecules have poor bioavailability that may remain as the limiting factor in their clinical effects."( Natural polyphenols in preclinical models of epilepsy.
Dhir, A, 2020)		0.56
" A brief history of these compounds is reviewed along with their potential effects and mechanisms of action and the most recent attempts to improve their bioavailability and potency against different types of cancer."( Anticancer Potential of Resveratrol, β-Lapachone and Their Analogues.
Ferraz da Costa, DC; Ferreira, VF; Ferretti, GDDS; Martins-Dinis, MMDDC; Pereira Rangel, L; Silva, JL, 2020)		0.56
" Furthermore, data on the interactions of RE when combined with other therapies are still lacking, as well as results related to its absorption and bioavailability in the human body."( Potential Adverse Effects of Resveratrol: A Literature Review.
Abdel-Rahman, WM; Al-Mohannadi, A; Alhababi, D; Eid, AH; Halabi, S; Hasan, H; Nasrallah, GK; Pintus, G; Posadino, AM; Shaito, A; Younes, N, 2020)		0.56
" Zein protein may constitute an inexpensive, safe, and effective choice to produce nanoparticles (NPs) to incorporate hydrophobic molecules and overcome the bioavailability issues of RSV."( Zein nanoparticles as low-cost, safe, and effective carriers to improve the oral bioavailability of resveratrol.
Baião, A; das Neves, J; Monteiro, D; Nunes, R; Sarmento, B, 2020)		0.56
" This enhanced the therapeutic bioavailability of resveratrol."( Enhancement of the cancer inhibitory effect of the bioactive food component resveratrol by nanoparticle based delivery.
Ahmed, F; Bano, S; Chaudhary, SC; Khan, F; Samim, M, 2020)		0.56
" Both RSV and NP-RSV induced significant reductions in tumor growth and the hemoglobin percentages of the tumor mass, but NP-RSV showed greater bioavailability and efficacy than RSV."( Resveratrol and Its Nanoformulation Attenuate Growth and the Angiogenesis of Xenograft and Orthotopic Colon Cancer Models.
El-Far, AH; Mousa, DS; Mousa, SA; Sudha, T, 2020)		0.56
" To improve its bioavailability and pharmacological activity, some resveratrol derivatives have been designed and synthesized by substitutions of methoxy, hydroxyl, and other functional groups or heterocyclic esterification either on the "A" or "B" ring, and double bonds were replaced by imine bonds and isometric heterocycles such as naphthyl and imidazole, or synthetic resveratrol oligomers."( Synthesis and biological evaluation of resveratrol derivatives with anti-breast cancer activity.
Chen, HF; Chen, LM; Gu, JY; Yang, MF; Yang, ZH; Yao, X; Zheng, X; Zheng, ZT, 2020)		0.56
"In this study, sugary maize dendrimer-like glucan (SMDG) was used as a delivery carrier for improving the bioavailability of resveratrol (RES)."( Characterizations and Bioavailability of Dendrimer-like Glucan Nanoparticulate System Containing Resveratrol.
Hui, Q; Lu, K; Miao, M; Shi, Y; Ye, F, 2020)		0.56
" The results also conclude that addressing the bioavailability of resveratrol using it in combination with piperine does not prove more efficacious in preventing lupus-associated pathologies than resveratrol alone."( Prophylactic effect of resveratrol and piperine on pristane-induced murine model of lupus-like disease.
Bhatnagar, A; Pannu, N, 2020)		0.56
" The major obstacle posed in most preclinical studies and clinical trials was the low bioavailability of resveratrol."( Current Update on Preclinical and Clinical Studies of Resveratrol, a Naturally Occurring Phenolic Compound.
Dahiya, R; Dua, K; Gupta, G; Jain, DA; Mishra, A; Samuel, VP, )		0.13
" However, unfavorable pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics profile such as poor bioavailability restricted its applications."( Resveratrol - A comprehensive review of recent advances in anticancer drug design and development.
Ahmadi, R; Ebrahimzadeh, MA, 2020)		0.56
"The possibility of combining the health benefits of kafirin and polyphenols and improving the bioavailability of resveratrol using hollow kafirin nanoparticles via gallic acid crosslinking was investigated."( Resveratrol-loaded hollow kafirin nanoparticles via gallic acid crosslinking: An evaluation compared with their solid and non-crosslinked counterparts.
Liu, M; Pu, C; Sun, Q; Tang, W; Zhu, Y, 2020)		0.56
" However, poor bioavailability is a major obstacle for use in clinical cancer treatment."( Potential enhancement of host immunity and anti-tumor efficacy of nanoscale curcumin and resveratrol in colorectal cancers by modulated electro- hyperthermia.
Chiang, HC; Han, W; Hsieh, PJ; Huang, CC; Ke, CH; Kuo, IM; Lee, JJ; Liao, ATC; Lin, CS; Wang, YS, 2020)		0.56
" Here, we implanted resveratrol releasing poly(lactide-co-glycolide) scaffolds into epididymal fat to overcome its poor bioavailability with the goal of enhancing local lipid catabolism."( Modulation of adipocyte size and fat pad weight via resveratrol releasing scaffolds implanted into the epididymal adipose tissue.
Carter, GJ; Gower, RM; Hall, HE; Hendley, MA; Isely, C; Murphy, KP; Patterson, AT, 2021)		0.62
"Numerous studies document an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a subsequent decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in different cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure."( Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular System.
Cebova, M; Dayar, E; Pechanova, O, 2020)		0.56
" Resveratrol is a widely recognized activator of Sirt1; however, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism limit effective clinical translation of promising animal data."( Modulation of Energy Sensing by Leucine Synergy with Natural Sirtuin Activators: Effects on Health Span.
Zemel, MB, 2020)		0.56
" Our prior murine modeling research observed enhanced resveratrol bioavailability with piperine co-administration."( A randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging, pilot trial of piperine with resveratrol on the effects on serum levels of resveratrol.
Ahmad, N; Bailey, HH; Havinghurst, T; Johnson, JJ; Kim, K; Lozar, T; Scarlett, CO; Wollmer, BW, 2021)		0.62
" Furthermore, developed RC-Gel was evaluated for its topical application using skin irritancy, toxicity, and in vivo local bioavailability studies."( Formulation and Evaluation of Resveratrol Loaded Cubosomal Nanoformulation for Topical Delivery.
Jagwani, S; Jalalpure, S; Kurangi, B, 2021)		0.62
" In vivo local bioavailability study depicted the good potential of RC-Gel for skin localization."( Formulation and Evaluation of Resveratrol Loaded Cubosomal Nanoformulation for Topical Delivery.
Jagwani, S; Jalalpure, S; Kurangi, B, 2021)		0.62
"In this study, the resveratrol was nano-encapsulated in three different sources of starch like Water chestnut Horse chestnut and Lotus stem to safeguard it from gastric conditions and to improve its bioavailability and bioactivity upon digestion."( Ultrasonicated resveratrol loaded starch nanocapsules: Characterization, bioactivity and release behaviour under in-vitro digestion.
Ahmad, M; Gani, A, 2021)		0.62
" As synergistic agents in combination with clinically established anticancer drugs, the enhanced anticancer activity at reduced chemotherapy-associated toxicity towards normal organs can be explained by improved pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability and metabolism."( Chemotherapeutic efficacy of curcumin and resveratrol against cancer: Chemoprevention, chemoprotection, drug synergism and clinical pharmacokinetics.
Behera, C; Bhutia, SK; Efferth, T; Jena, M; Nayak, R; Patra, S; Pradhan, B; Rout, L, 2021)		0.62
" The purpose of the present study was to propose a drug delivery system to enhance the oral bioavailability of combined quercetin and resveratrol."( Enhanced Oral Bioavailability and Improved Biological Activities of a Quercetin/Resveratrol Combination Using a Liquid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System.
Chusri, S; Jaisamut, P; Limsuwan, S; Wanna, S; Wiwattanapatapee, R; Wiwattanawongsa, K, 2021)		0.62
" We developed a novel encapsulation process based on the cyclization activity of CGTase and applied it to the formation of CA inclusion complexes with resveratrol (RVT), which has limited bioavailability due to its low water solubility."( Development of an enzymatic encapsulation process for a cycloamylose inclusion complex with resveratrol.
Jeon, SH; Jeong, DW; Jeong, HM; Kim, JS; Lee, Y; Shim, JH; Shin, S; Shin, YJ; Woo, SH, 2021)		0.62
"Resveratrol is a very promising anti-oxidant drug candidate with low oral bioavailability due to its intrinsic poor water solubility, intestinal efflux and metabolization mechanisms."( Third-generation solid dispersion combining Soluplus and poloxamer 407 enhances the oral bioavailability of resveratrol.
Araújo, F; Lopes, C; Loureiro, A; Marques, S; Prezotti, F; Sarmento, B; Vasconcelos, T, 2021)		0.62
" However, its poor oral bioavailability limits its clinical application in ICH."( Nanoparticles improved resveratrol brain delivery and its therapeutic efficacy against intracerebral hemorrhage.
Cai, J; Chen, T; Chen, X; Duan, L; Gao, L; Liu, Q; Liu, W; Lo, PC; Mo, Y; Su, S; Wang, Q; Yang, C; Yang, Y; Zhang, Y; Zhou, L, 2021)		0.62
" Despite the promising effects observed in different cancer types in in vitro studies, the clinical translation still presents strong limitations due to the low bioavailability of resveratrol."( Resveratrol as Chemosensitizer Agent: State of Art and Future Perspectives.
Berretta, M; Cocetta, V; Fiorica, F; Montopoli, M; Quagliariello, V, 2021)		0.62
" Such information is necessary for dose selection and is particularly important given the low bioavailability of resveratrol."( Distribution and metabolism of [14C]-resveratrol in human prostate tissue after oral administration of a "dietary-achievable" or "pharmacological" dose: what are the implications for anticancer activity?
Britton, RG; Brown, K; Cai, H; Khan, M; Malfatti, M; Ognibene, TJ; Parrott, E; Scott, EN; Steward, WP, 2021)		0.62
"Despite widespread interest in chemoprevention and therapy due to the high margin of safety of dietary natural compounds, clinical intervention with single agents has failed to yield the expected outcomes, mostly due to poor bioavailability and low potency."( Combination of resveratrol and green tea epigallocatechin gallate induces synergistic apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth
Amin, ARMR; Chen, ZG; Lamichhane, R; Nannapaneni, S; Shin, DM; Wang, D, 2021)		0.62
" Thus, RSV may be useful for the treatment of specific thyroid disorders, provided that strategies with improved oral bioavailability of RSV are applied."( Resveratrol Alleviates the Inhibitory Effect of Tunicamycin-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress on Expression of Genes Involved in Thyroid Hormone Synthesis in FRTL-5 Thyrocytes.
Eder, K; Ringseis, R; Wen, G, 2021)		0.62
" In the interim, the most promising approach is to enhance the bioavailability of resveratrol with new formulations."( Resveratrol for cancer therapy: Challenges and future perspectives.
Ding, L; Goh, BC; Ho, PC; Kwah, MX; Liu, C; Ma, Z; Ong, PS; Ren, B; Shanmugam, MK; Wang, L; Xiang, X, 2021)		0.62
" Good bioavailability of resveratrol is not reflected in its high biological activity in vivo because of resveratrol isomerization and its poor solubility in aqueous solutions."( Role of Resveratrol in Prevention and Control of Cardiovascular Disorders and Cardiovascular Complications Related to COVID-19 Disease: Mode of Action and Approaches Explored to Increase Its Bioavailability.
Ćirković Veličković, T; Gligorijević, N; Khulal, U; Nedić, O; Radomirović, M; Stanić-Vučinić, D; Stojadinović, M, 2021)		0.62
" These derivatives contain a monosubstituted aromatic ring that could mimic the RSV phenolic nucleus and a longer flexible chain that could confer a better stability and bioavailability than RSV."( A Phenylacetamide Resveratrol Derivative Exerts Inhibitory Effects on Breast Cancer Cell Growth.
Avena, P; Bonomo, MG; Ceramella, J; Chimento, A; De Luca, A; Iacopetta, D; Infantino, V; Parisi, OI; Pezzi, V; Santarsiero, A; Saturnino, C; Sinicropi, MS, 2021)		0.62
" However, it exhibits low bioavailability in humans and animals."( Resveratrol Butyrate Esters Inhibit BPA-Induced Liver Damage in Male Offspring Rats by Modulating Antioxidant Capacity and Gut Microbiota.
Chang, SKC; Chen, YW; Chiu, MH; Hou, CY; Liao, JX; Shih, MK; Tain, YL; Yeh, YT, 2021)		0.62
" Moreover, the implications of digestion on the putative benefits of dietary PC against COVID-19 are presented by addressing the bioavailability and biotransformation of PC by the gut microbiota."( Bioactivity, bioavailability, and gut microbiota transformations of dietary phenolic compounds: implications for COVID-19.
Augusti, PR; Bronze, MR; Conterato, GMM; Denardin, CC; Emanuelli, T; Prazeres, ID; Serra, AT, 2021)		0.62
" The use of resveratrol in clinical practice is limited by the low bioavailability following oral administration, due to the pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics of the molecule."( Can Resveratrol-Inhaled Formulations Be Considered Potential Adjunct Treatments for COVID-19?
Capizzi, A; Mastromarino, P; Rossi, GA; Sacco, O, )		0.13
" However, its short half-life and low bioavailability is a major hurdle in its effective use."( Development and preclinical evaluation of microneedle-assisted resveratrol loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for localized delivery to breast cancer therapy.
Catalina Ardila, D; Gadag, S; Garg, S; Narayan, R; Nayak, AS; Nayak, UY; Nayak, Y; Sant, S, 2021)		0.62
" However, RSV has met limited success due to its poor oral bioavailability and inefficient systemic delivery."( Cyclodextrin based bone regenerative inclusion complex for resveratrol in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Baby, C; Chourasia, MK; Ghate, V; Lewis, S; Narayana Kalkura, S; Nayak, Y; Saklani, R; Shah, A; Shah, AA; Singh, PK, 2021)		0.62
"08% of their blood concentrations at 1 h, respectively, which indicated that lymphatic transport in the form of JNP has limited advantages in improving the oral bioavailability of Res and αCT."( pH-sensitive dual drug loaded janus nanoparticles by oral delivery for multimodal analgesia.
Gao, J; Liu, L; Lu, X; Xie, X; Yao, W, 2021)		0.62
" In order to improve the pH sensitivity and bioavailability of Gal-Res, Gal-Res nanoparticles (Gal-Res NPs) were prepared using polydopamine (PDA) as a drug carrier."( Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation of 3-O-β-D-Galactosylated Resveratrol-Loaded Polydopamine Nanoparticles.
Chen, W; Dong, Q; Lv, S; Shan, X; Wang, B; Zha, L; Zhang, C, 2021)		0.62
"09 h, and the bioavailability improved to 140."( Sustained-Release Solid Dispersion of High-Melting-Point and Insoluble Resveratrol Prepared through Hot Melt Extrusion to Improve Its Solubility and Bioavailability.
Fan, W; Gao, M; Zhang, X; Zhu, W, 2021)		0.62
" However, it suffers from poor bioavailability because of the low solubility, chemical instability, and hepatic metabolism."( Enhanced oral permeability of Trans-Resveratrol using nanocochleates for boosting anticancer efficacy; in-vitro and ex-vivo appraisal.
El-Kamel, AH; El-Melegy, MG; Eltaher, HM; Gaballah, A, 2021)		0.62
" Resveratrol (RES), a natural product with potential antitumor activity against bladder cancer, is associated with rapid metabolism and low bioavailability and needs to be combined with chemotherapeutic drugs to improve its use."( Additive effects of resveratrol and doxorubicin on bladder cancer cells.
Almeida, TC; da Silva, GN; de Medeiros Teixeira, LF; Lima, APB; Melo, AS; Soares, LBM, 2022)		0.72
" Resveratrol displays beneficial pharmacological activities; however, low oral bioavailability limits its effectiveness."( Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of resveratrol-loaded functionalized carbon nanotubes as a novel delivery system in radiation enteropathy.
Ali, HE; Radwan, RR, 2021)		0.62
" However, the hindrances in their absorption, specificity, and bioavailability can be overcome using nanotechnology."( Nanoencapsulation of Polyphenols as Drugs and Supplements for Enhancing Therapeutic Profile - A Review.
Ansari, MT; Hafiz, AK; Hasnain, MS; Kalam, N; Khatoon, S; Shaikh, MF, 2022)		0.72
" In this review, we summarize the existing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data from published studies addressing the optimization of bioavailability of stilbenoids."( Enhancing Bioavailability of Nutraceutically Used Resveratrol and Other Stilbenoids.
Baldovska, S; Kolesarova, A; Vesely, O, 2021)		0.62
"Most drugs or the natural substances reputed to display some biological activity are hydrophobic molecules that demonstrate low bioavailability regardless of their mode of absorption."( Resveratrol and cyclodextrins, an easy alliance: Applications in nanomedicine, green chemistry and biotechnology.
Batiha, GE; Bru, R; Clément, C; Jacquard, C; Jeandet, P; Khan, H; Khayatkashani, M; Matencio, A; Morkunas, I; Nabavi, SF; Nabavi, SM; Sobarzo-Sánchez, E; Trotta, F; Uddin, MS, 2021)		0.62
"The development of protein-based nanocarriers to improve the water solubility, stability, and bioavailability of hydrophobic or poorly soluble bioactive molecules has attracted increasing interest in the food and pharmaceutical industries."( Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Dependent Disassembly and Reassembly of Soybean Lipophilic Protein Nanoparticles: An Environmentally Friendly Nanocarrier for Resveratrol.
Li, Y; Qi, B; Song, H; Sun, Y; Zhang, S; Zhong, M, 2022)		0.72
" To address the low bioavailability of resveratrol, we investigated a novel oral formulation of resveratrol, JOTROL™, that has shown increased pharmacokinetic properties compared to non-formulated resveratrol in animals and in humans."( JOTROL, a Novel Formulation of Resveratrol, Shows Beneficial Effects in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model.
Brothers, SP; Dennison, JL; Gravel, E; Hammond-Vignini, S; Hayward, MA; Ke, D; Li, Z; Lohse, I; Modarresi, F; Timmons, JA; Volmar, CH; Wahlestedt, C; Wang, J, 2022)		0.72
"JOTROL displays significantly increased bioavailability over non-formulated resveratrol."( JOTROL, a Novel Formulation of Resveratrol, Shows Beneficial Effects in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model.
Brothers, SP; Dennison, JL; Gravel, E; Hammond-Vignini, S; Hayward, MA; Ke, D; Li, Z; Lohse, I; Modarresi, F; Timmons, JA; Volmar, CH; Wahlestedt, C; Wang, J, 2022)		0.72
" Unfortunately, its biological benefits are limited by its low bioavailability and rapid hepatic metabolism and degradation in the body."( Evaluation of novel conjugated resveratrol polymeric nanoparticles in reduction of plasma degradation, hepatic metabolism and its augmentation of anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo.
Benson, HAE; Chen, Y; Dass, CR; Yee, YJ, 2022)		0.72
" Nanoformulations can bring a major improvement in the bioavailability of resveratrol but still the formulation still suffers with pharmacokinetics issues clinically."( The science of resveratrol, formulation, pharmacokinetic barriers and its chemotherapeutic potential.
Badgujar, V; Khan, A; Majeed, S; Murtuja, S; Robertson, I; Sajid Ali, M; Sami, F; Saquib Hasnain, M; Tahir Ansari, M; Wai Hau, T, 2022)		0.72
" Milk EXOs enhanced the bioavailability and anticancer activity of CUR and RSV by acting as Trojan horses that escape from cancer cells’ ABC-mediated chemoresistance."( Milk-Derived Exosomes as Nanocarriers to Deliver Curcumin and Resveratrol in Breast Tissue and Enhance Their Anticancer Activity.
Cattivelli, A; Cortés-Martín, A; Dávalos, A; Del Pozo-Acebo, L; Del Saz, A; Espín, JC; González-Sarrías, A; Iglesias-Aguirre, CE; López de Las Hazas, MC; Vallejo, F, 2022)		0.72
" Although bioavailability studies have shown poor absorption and high metabolism of this stilbene, multiple studies demonstrated its biological properties."( In the shadow of resveratrol: biological activities of epsilon-viniferin.
Atgié, C; Beaumont, P; Courtois, A; Krisa, S; Richard, T, 2022)		0.72
" However, the low bioavailability of resveratrol and the difficulty of reaching the targeted location in the brain reduce its efficacy considerably."( Resveratrol-Loaded Glutathione-Coated Collagen Nanoparticles Attenuate Acute Seizures by Inhibiting HMGB1 and TLR-4 in the Hippocampus of Mice.
Aggarwal, NB; Akhter, J; Arora, I; Asad, M; Hoda, U; Rastogi, S; Samim, M; Siddiqui, MA, 2022)		0.72
" However, its poor bioavailability in the brain represents a challenge for its application in PD treatment."( Enhancement of blood-brain barrier penetration and the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol.
Bhurtel, S; Choi, DY; Duwa, R; Jeong, JH; Katila, N; Khanal, S; Lee, S; Maharjan, S; Yook, S, 2022)		0.72
" Antioxidants' bioavailability has become one of the main research topics in bio-nanomedicine."( Plant-Derived Nanoscale-Encapsulated Antioxidants for Oral and Topical Uses: A Brief Review.
Kim, SH; Lee, YC, 2022)		0.72
" Encapsulation of these chemotherapeutics inside nanoparticles significantly improves the bioavailability and half-life of drugs, while increasing their tumor penetration and localization."( Fully Natural Lecithin Encapsulated Nano-Resveratrol for Anti-Cancer Therapy.
Guo, M; Liang, M; Saw, PE; Yao, Y, 2022)		0.72
" However, strategies to favorably influence the poor bioavailability of RESV would be helpful."( Resveratrol Attenuates Mast Cell Mediated Allergic Reactions: Potential for Use as a Nutraceutical in Allergic Diseases?
Bilotta, S; Civelek, M; Lorentz, A, 2022)		0.72
" Although there have been several preclinical and clinical investigations of resveratrol, the contributions of gut phase-II metabolism and enterohepatic circulation to the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol remain unclear."( Impact of route-dependent phase-II gut metabolism and enterohepatic circulation on the bioavailability and systemic disposition of resveratrol in rats and humans: A comprehensive whole body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling.
Choi, E; Han, DG; Jung, Y; Kim, MS; Seo, SW; Yoo, JW; Yoon, IS, 2022)		0.72
" However, due to the poor bioavailability of RSV, the mechanisms of RSV against inflammation in obesity models remain unclear."( Protective Effects of Dietary Resveratrol against Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation Mediated through the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet Mice.
Chen, F; Hu, X; Ma, Y; Wang, D; Wang, P; Zhao, W; Zhao, X, 2022)		0.72
"Children and adult with sickle cell disease (SCD) display priapism associated with low nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and oxidative stress in penis."( Resveratrol-nitric oxide donor hybrid effect on priapism in sickle cell and nitric oxide-deficient mouse.
Alexandre, EC; Burnett, AL; Calmasini, FB; Costa, FF; Dos Santos, JL; Pereira, DA; Pinheiro, AK; Reis, LO; Silva, FH, 2022)		0.72
"Treatment with RVT-FxMe reversed the enhanced NO-cGMP-mediated CC relaxations in eNOS-/- mice, but not in SCD mice; it is likely that excess of plasma hemoglobin in SCD mice act to inactivate NO before it reaches soluble guanylyl cyclase, avoiding restoration of NO bioavailability in penis."( Resveratrol-nitric oxide donor hybrid effect on priapism in sickle cell and nitric oxide-deficient mouse.
Alexandre, EC; Burnett, AL; Calmasini, FB; Costa, FF; Dos Santos, JL; Pereira, DA; Pinheiro, AK; Reis, LO; Silva, FH, 2022)		0.72
" Further analyses have verified the indispensable role of MSNs in improving the bioavailability of RSV, which could result in a more favorable therapeutic efficacy in DP related to regulating the polarization of the macrophage."( Grafting resveratrol onto mesoporous silica nanoparticles towards efficient sustainable immunoregulation and insulin resistance alleviation for diabetic periodontitis therapy.
Bao, C; Feng, J; Tan, Y; Xiao, Y, 2022)		0.72
" Although phytochemicals have the potential ability to reduce the risk of CVD, the big gap between required high concentration in cells and the low bioavailability in the blood of phytochemicals compromise their therapeutic potentials."( Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of the combination of resveratrol and curcumin in human vascular endothelial cells and rodent aorta.
Si, H; Wang, X; Zhang, L, 2022)		0.72
" Coadministration of RES and LUT could significantly improve the bioavailability of LUT and increase the systemic exposure to RES, and the combined treatment could also benefit from their multi-component and multi-target characteristics."( Combination of resveratrol and luteolin ameliorates α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis by regulating the bile acid homeostasis and suppressing oxidative stress.
Li, K; Ran, X; Wang, W; Wei, X; Wu, W; Xu, X; Zhang, T; Zhang, Y, 2022)		0.72
" To improve the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties of RSV, efforts are being made to produce efficient formulations accompanying efficient drug delivery strategies."( Role of Drug Delivery System in Improving the Bioavailability of Resveratrol.
Hamid Akash, MS; Rehman, K; Saleem, Z, 2022)		0.72
" These HCC-targeted NPs led to a significant reduction in the drug dosage, delayed the rate of drug release and improved the bioavailability of the encapsulated drugs."( Curcumin- and resveratrol-co-loaded nanoparticles in synergistic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Jia, R; Li, J; Qian, Y; Tian, X; Zheng, Y, 2022)		0.72
" However, R bioavailability and pharmacokinetics are still problematic under oral supplementation."( Resveratrol Effects on the Reproductive System in Ovariectomized Rats: Deciphering Possible Mechanisms.
Doroshenko, A; Falalyeyeva, T; Kobyliak, N; Sinitsyna, O; Stryga, O; Sulaieva, O; Zaychenko, G, 2022)		0.72
"Resveratrol (RES), a polyphenol with strong antioxidant capacity but poor bioavailability and light instability, urgently needs an effective delivery technique to overcome its drawbacks."( Structural degradation and uptake of resveratrol-encapsulated liposomes using an in vitro digestion combined with Caco-2 cell absorption model.
Deng, L; Han, J; Huang, L; Jiang, H; Liu, W; Tian, M; Xu, X; Zhen, C, 2023)		0.91
" Indeed, due to its higher bioavailability paired with reduced toxicity compared to other stilbenes, PTS has become an attractive drug candidate for the treatment of several disease conditions, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging."( New Insights into Dietary Pterostilbene: Sources, Metabolism, and Health Promotion Effects.
Ganesan, K; Mohandas, S; Nagarajan, S; Ramkumar, KM; Xu, B, 2022)		0.72
"Resveratrol and Gefitinib are adjunct therapies for various cancers; however, both have been limited by low solubility, low cellular uptake, and bioavailability issues."( A novel RP-HPLC method development and validation for simultaneous quantification of gefitinib and resveratrol in polymeric hybrid lipid nanoparticles and glioma cells.
Ghazwani, M; Gowda, DV; Gurupadayya, BM; Hani, U; Hemanth Vikram, PR; Osmani, RAM; Sathishbabu, P; Shakeela, C, 2022)		0.72
" The laboratory data and clinical trials have demonstrated that the bioavailability and bioactivity of curcumin are influenced by the feature of the curcumin molecular complex types."( Strategies for Improving Bioavailability, Bioactivity, and Physical-Chemical Behavior of Curcumin.
Avram, A; Barbu, I; Mocanu, A; Pop, LC; Racz, CP; Racz, LZ; Roman, I; Sárközi, M; Toma, VA; Tomoaia, G; Tomoaia-Cotisel, M, 2022)		0.72
"Resveratrol (Res) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol compound with biological pleiotropic properties, but low bioavailability limits its application value."( Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Combined with Resveratrol Derivative Alleviates Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis in Rats.
Bian, Z; Jin, C; Liang, C; Song, Z, 2023)		0.91
" However, its low bioavailability and short half-life have restricted its use."( Design, development and evaluation of Resveratrol transdermal patches for breast cancer therapy.
Gadag, S; Garg, S; Narayan, R; Nayak, UY; Nayak, Y, 2023)		0.91
" Moreover, aerosolized administration of polypeptide complexes demonstrates excellent bioavailability and inhibition of immediate hypersensitivity reactions in ear tissue in vivo."( Development of a Water-Dispersible Supramolecular Complex of Polyphenol with Polypeptides for Attenuation of the Allergic Response using a Mechanochemical Strategy.
Hino, S; Ikeda, A; Kawamoto, S; Kawamura, S; Kawasaki, R; Kodama, T; Maeda, A; Miyaki, S; Nishimura, T; Ozawa, N; Yamana, K; Yimiti, D, 2023)		0.91
" In vitro digestion experiments showed that the RES bioavailability of SPI-PG-RES was much higher than that of free RES and SPI-RES."( Soy protein isolate-polyguluronate nanoparticles loaded with resveratrol for effective treatment of colitis.
Bi, D; Cao, J; Hu, Z; Li, M; Li, W; Wu, Y; Xu, H; Xu, X; Yang, P; Yao, L; Yi, J, 2023)		0.91
" We previously utilized butyrate in order to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol via esterification and generated a resveratrol butyrate monoester (RBM)."( Dietary Resveratrol Butyrate Monoester Supplement Improves Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction in a Young Rat Chronic Kidney Disease Model.
Chang, CI; Chang-Chien, GP; Hou, CY; Hsu, CN; Lin, S; Tain, YL, 2023)		0.91
" Compared with REV, RBE exhibits higher bioavailability and better antioxidant effects."( Resveratrol Butyrate Ester Supplementation Blunts the Development of Offspring Hypertension in a Maternal Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate Exposure Rat Model.
Chang-Chien, GP; Hou, CY; Hsu, CN; Lin, S; Tain, YL, 2023)		0.91
"This study examined the influence of the nanoliposomes (LPs) particle size on the solubility, antioxidant stability, in vitro release profile, Caco-2 cellular transport activity, cellular antioxidant activity, and in vivo oral bioavailability of resveratrol (RSV)."( Encapsulation of resveratrol within size-controlled nanoliposomes: Impact on solubility, stability, cellular permeability, and oral bioavailability.
Baek, Y; Jeong, EW; Lee, HG, 2023)		0.91
" This review also emphasizes the significance of the co-delivery vehicles-based nanoparticles of such bioactive phytochemicals that could improve their bioavailability and reduce their systemic dose."( Co-administration of curcumin with other phytochemicals improves anticancer activity by regulating multiple molecular targets.
Asoodeh, A; Ghobadi, N, 2023)		0.91
" This antioxidant compound, however, barely crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thereby limiting its bioavailability and stability at the target sites in the brain."( Brain targeting based nanocarriers loaded with resveratrol in Alzheimer's disease: A review.
Bahrehmand, F; Fakhri, S; Gholami, M; Jalili, C; Kakebaraei, S; Kakehbaraei, S; Kiani, A, 2023)		0.91
" One of the main problems in clinical research is related to the limited bioavailability of most polyphenols."( Combination Chemotherapy with Selected Polyphenols in Preclinical and Clinical Studies-An Update Overview.
Barbarić, M; Jakobušić Brala, C; Karković Marković, A; Kugić, A; Torić, J, 2023)		0.91
", are front runners as drug candidates due to their diverse effects from different functional groups that affect bioavailability and molecular interactions."( Stilbenes, a Versatile Class of Natural Metabolites for Inflammation-An Overview.
Al-Khayri, JM; Al-Mssallem, MQ; Alessa, FM; Almaghasla, MI; Gowda, Y; Harish, HM; Lakshmaiah, VV; Mascarenhas, R; Nagella, P; Rezk, AA, 2023)		0.91
"This paper aimed to improve in vitro dissolution/solubility as well as inhibit intestinal metabolism and thus enhance oral bioavailability for a BDDCS class II drug by constructing surfactant-based amorphous solid dispersions using resveratrol (RES) as a model drug."( Use of surfactant-based amorphous solid dispersions for BDDCS class II drugs to enhance oral bioavailability: A case report of resveratrol.
Chen, J; Cheng, H; Cheng, J; Cui, X; Fu, T; Jia, X; Ke, Y; Li, J; Li, W; Pan, X; Qiao, H; Zou, L, 2023)		0.91
" But it has become challenging to determine the optimal dose, time and duration of RES and improve the bioavailability of RES, which many researchers need to overcome."( Does resveratrol improve cognition in humans? A scientometric study to an in-depth review.
Fan, X; Song, M; Tu, W, 2023)		0.91
" However, poor oral bioavailability is the major hurdle to its clinical use."( Formulation of Resveratrol-Loaded Polycaprolactone Inhalable Microspheres Using Tween 80 as an Emulsifier: Factorial Design and Optimization.
Chakraborty, A; Mahar, R; Nainwal, N, 2023)		0.91
"Resveratrol (RES) is a common active factor in the functional food field, but poor water solubility and low bioavailability have limited its application."( Nanoparticles prepared by polysaccharides extracted from Biyang floral mushroom loaded with resveratrol: Characterization, bioactivity and release behavior under in vitro digestion.
Hao, L; Liu, K; Liu, X; Liu, Y; Lu, J; Yi, J, 2023)		0.91
" To overcome this challenge, multiple research groups have investigated the synthesis of new resveratrol derivatives to enhance bioavailability and pharmacological activities."( Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Resveratrol Methoxy Derivatives.
Fragopoulou, E; Gioti, K; Gkotsi, K; Kalampaliki, AD; Kostakis, IK; Lambrinidis, G; Petsini, F; Tenta, R, 2023)		0.91
" This study provides new knowledge about key molecular mechanisms involved in QUE-mediated protection against AFB1 toxicity and encourages in vivo studies to assess QUE's bioavailability and beneficial effects on aflatoxicosis."( Discovering the Protective Effects of Quercetin on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Toxicity in Bovine Foetal Hepatocyte-Derived Cells (BFH12).
Barbarossa, A; Bardhi, A; Bassan, I; Dacasto, M; Giantin, M; Montanucci, L; Pauletto, M; Tolosi, R; Zaghini, A, 2023)		0.91
" Resveratrol (RSV) is widely proven to guard mitochondria, yet the unsatisfactory bioavailability restricts its clinical application."( A Mitochondrial Nanoguard Modulates Redox Homeostasis and Bioenergy Metabolism in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.
Cai, X; Gao, S; Gao, Y; Huang, H; Lei, X; Lin, Y; Shi, S; Wang, Y; Yao, Y; Zhang, G; Zhao, Y, 2023)		0.91
" This innovative oral delivery strategy capitalizes on the advantageous properties of polysaccharide hydrogel and CDF to augment bioavailability of phytochemicals, laying the groundwork for developing novel oral interventions employing natural phytochemicals to address intestinal-related diseases."( Efficient oral delivery of resveratrol-loaded cyclodextrin-metal organic framework for alleviation of ulcerative colitis.
Chen, L; Chen, T; Hu, J; Hua, Z; Li, Y; Luo, F; Wu, D; Xu, Y; Zhao, R, 2023)		0.91
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51

Dosage Studied

Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in red wine, can enhance FMD acutely. We investigated whether there is a dose-response relationship for this effect. To achieve an equivalent effect, a 10-fold dosage of genistein was required. This highlights the dose advantage of resver atrol, as poor bioavailability is a common concern.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Trans-resveratrol added to plasma was distributed between subsequently isolated lipoproteins with a linear dose-response curve."( Interaction of transresveratrol with plasma lipoproteins.
Belguendouz, L; Frémont, L; Gozzelino, MT, 1998)		0.3
"The observed p53 concentration changes upon stimulation by polyphenols are relatively small, do not follow a uniform pattern in the four cell lines tested, and do not exhibit a dose-response effect."( Do wine polyphenols modulate p53 gene expression in human cancer cell lines?
Diamandis, EP; Goldberg, DM; Grass, L; Levesque, M; Soleas, GJ, 2001)		0.31
" In the JB6 mouse epidermal cell line, resveratrol activated JNKs dose-dependently within a dose range of 10-40 microM, the same dosage responsible for the inhibition of tumor promoter-induced cell transformation."( Involvement of c-jun NH(2)-terminal kinases in resveratrol-induced activation of p53 and apoptosis.
Dong, Z; Huang, C; She, QB; Zhang, Y, 2002)		0.31
" In this study, we examined the effect of BPA on the sexual differentiation of open-field behavior and the sexually dimorphic nuclei in the brain in the offspring of rats exposed to BPA during the fetal and suckling periods at a dosage below the human tolerable daily intake (TDI) level."( Low dose effects of bisphenol A on sexual differentiation of the brain and behavior in rats.
Aou, S; Arai, O; Kubo, K; Ogata, R; Omura, M; Watanabe, R, 2003)		0.32
" Fourteen components were identified and dosed in the anthocyanin fraction."( Antioxidants in Sicilian wines: analytic and compositive aspects.
Dugo, G; Dugo, P; La Torre, GL; Mondello, L; Salvo, F, 2003)		0.32
" Resveratrol feeding caused a significant reduction in microsomal cyclooxygenase (COX) activities in the liver and lungs, while the dosage of NDEA (200 mg/kg body weight) induced COX activity 24 h after its administration."( Resveratrol inhibits N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced ornithine decarboxylase and cyclooxygenase in mice.
Bhardwaj, A; Kaushik, G; Khanduja, KL, 2004)		0.32
" Plasma resveratrol concentrations in blood collected 1 h after dose administration during week 4 were dose related but were relatively low given the high dosage levels; conjugates were not measured."( Resveratrol-associated renal toxicity.
Booth, TD; Crowell, JA; Korytko, PJ; Levine, BS; Morrissey, RL, 2004)		0.32
" The data obtained suggest the possible use of these micronutrients both in alternative to classic chemotherapy, and in combination with very low dosage of vinorelbine (5 microM)."( Resveratrol and propolis as necrosis or apoptosis inducers in human prostate carcinoma cells.
Capasso, F; Cardile, V; Consoli, R; Renis, M; Russo, A; Scifo, C; Vancheri, C; Vanella, A, 2004)		0.32
" For rats fed the higher dosage of 300 mg resveratrol per kg bw and day recovery was 54% and 17%, respectively."( Bioactivity and metabolism of trans-resveratrol orally administered to Wistar rats.
Erbersdobler, H; Soldo, T; Somoza, V; Wenzel, E, 2005)		0.33
"1 dosage or treatment with the sirtuin activator resveratrol specifically rescued early neuronal dysfunction phenotypes induced by mutant polyglutamines in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans."( Resveratrol rescues mutant polyglutamine cytotoxicity in nematode and mammalian neurons.
Abderrahmane, S; Arango, M; Catoire, H; Lambert, E; Néri, C; Parker, JA; Tourette, C, 2005)		0.33
"A simple, sensitive and precise high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method of analysis of trans-resveratrol in Polygonum cuspidatum root extracts and in dosage forms was developed and validated."( Estimation of trans-resveratrol in herbal extracts and dosage forms by high-performance thin-layer chromatography.
Babu, SK; Kumar, KV; Subbaraju, GV, 2005)		0.33
" Taken together, these results indicate that the treatment dosage may determine the effect of resveratrol on ethanol-induced ROS generation, intracellular ATP levels, and cell apoptosis or necrosis."( Dosage effects of resveratrol on ethanol-induced cell death in the human K562 cell line.
Chan, WH; Chang, YJ, 2006)		0.33
" Using murine myotubes as a surrogate model system both angiotensin I and II were found to induce activation of protein kinase C (PKC), with a parabolic dose-response curve similar to the induction of total protein degradation."( Mechanism of induction of muscle protein degradation by angiotensin II.
Russell, ST; Tisdale, MJ; Wyke, SM, 2006)		0.33
" The present study illustrated that pharmacological dosage of resveratrol inhibited aromatase at both the enzyme and mRNA levels."( The red wine polyphenol resveratrol displays bilevel inhibition on aromatase in breast cancer cells.
Chan, FL; Chen, S; Lee, KW; Leung, LK; Wang, Y, 2006)		0.33
" In a rat model of injured aorta, a low dosage of resveratrol (10 mg/kg) increased the amount of EPCs in rat circulation as compared with placebo, whereas the result of a high dosage (50 mg/kg) did not reach statistical difference."( Effects of resveratrol on endothelial progenitor cells and their contributions to reendothelialization in intima-injured rats.
By, W; Cq, W; Dj, H; Hh, F; Hy, D; J, G; Xl, X; Ym, X, 2006)		0.33
" The concentrations of stilbenes decreasing BCPCF transport by 50% during 60 min of incubation at 37 degrees C (IC50) were determined from dose-response curves."( Resveratrol oligomers are potent MRP1 transport inhibitors.
Bobrowska-Hägerstrand, M; Hägerstrand, H; Lillås, M; Motohashi, N; Mrówczyñska, L; Shirataki, Y; Wróbel, A, )		0.13
" Future studies involving different doses and the dose-response relationship could promise better results."( Neuroprotection by resveratrol against traumatic brain injury in rats.
Altinoz, E; Ates, O; Cayli, S; Gurses, I; Kocak, A; Sener, M; Yologlu, S; Yucel, N, 2007)		0.34
"Resveratrol of every dosage could improve the performance records of behavior tests in AD mice,could inhibit the SOD vitality and the MDA level both in the serum and in the brain, and could suppress the acetylcholinesterase vitality and the bax expression."( [Effect of resveratrol on the cognitive ability of Alzheimeros mice].
Huang, YM; Luo, L, 2006)		0.33
" Dose-response studies of the most active compounds were carried out to obtain IC50 values."( Substituted trans-stilbenes, including analogues of the natural product resveratrol, inhibit the human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB.
Deck, LM; Gonzales, AM; Heynekamp, JJ; Hunsaker, LA; Jagt, DL; Orlando, RA; Weber, WM, 2006)		0.33
" These beneficial effects of resveratrol are only partly explained by its antioxidant properties as suggested by the lack of any dose-response effect on tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels."( Strong cardioprotective effect of resveratrol, a red wine polyphenol, on isolated rat hearts after ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Amri, M; Aouani, E; Elkahoui, S; Limam, F; Mokni, M, 2007)		0.34
" The low dosage was chosen to mimic moderate red wine consumption."( Chronic resveratrol enhances endothelium-dependent relaxation but does not alter eNOS levels in aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Ford, RJ; Levy, AS; Quadrilatero, J; Rush, JW, 2007)		0.34
"Resveratrol, a well-established phytoestrogen and chemopreventive agent, has gained much attention among oncologists because it can act as both estrogen receptor agonist and antagonist, depending on dosage and cell context."( Identifying the estrogen receptor coactivator PELP1 in autophagosomes.
El-Naggar, AK; Gaur, A; Kondo, S; Kumar, R; Ohshiro, K; Rayala, SK; Vadlamudi, RK, 2007)		0.34
" Dose-response curves showed that a concentration of 20 microM RSV was optimal in inducing PON-1 expression in HC04 cells."( Resveratrol induces catalytic bioscavenger paraoxonase 1 expression and protects against chemical warfare nerve agent toxicity in human cell lines.
Curtin, BF; Dhoieam, P; Doctor, BP; Gordon, RK; Nambiar, MP; Seetharam, KI, 2008)		0.35
" The antioxidant activity of resveratrol was dependent on the complexed resveratrol because CDs acts as a controlled dosage reservoir that protects resveratrol against rapid oxidation by free radicals."( ORAC-fluorescein assay to determine the oxygen radical absorbance capacity of resveratrol complexed in cyclodextrins.
Fortea, MI; Gabaldón, JA; Lucas-Abellán, C; Mercader-Ros, MT; Núñez-Delicado, E; Zafrilla, MP, 2008)		0.35
" Using PABPN1 nematodes that show muscle cell degeneration and abnormal motility, we found that increased dosage of the sirtuin and deacetylase sir-2."( Sirtuin inhibition protects from the polyalanine muscular dystrophy protein PABPN1.
Abu-Baker, A; Brais, B; Catoire, H; Holbert, S; Néri, C; Parker, JA; Pasco, MY; Rouleau, GA; Tourette, C, 2008)		0.35
"027% of the dosage were excreted in urine and bile respectively as unchanged drug within 24h."( Tissue distribution and excretion of resveratrol in rat after oral administration of Polygonum cuspidatum extract (PCE).
Liu, W; Wang, D; Xu, Y, 2008)		0.35
" Compared to resveratrol, OXY exhibited a wider effective dosage range."( Dietary oxyresveratrol prevents parkinsonian mimetic 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity.
Chang, RC; Chao, J; Ho, YS; Wang, M; Yu, MS, 2008)		0.35
"Ten rats were intragastrically administered for 14 days with a grape-stalk extract determining a daily t-Res dosage of 3 mg/kg."( Dietary trans-resveratrol bioavailability and effect on CCl4-induced liver lipid peroxidation.
Caporaso, N; Fogliano, V; Milani, S; Morisco, F; Ottanelli, B; Vitaglione, P, 2009)		0.35
" Based on these results, if these results would be confirmed in clinical experiments, the dosage of diltiazem should be readjusted when diltiazem is used concomitantly with resveratrol."( Effects of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem and its major metabolite, desacetyldiltiazem, in rats.
Choi, DH; Choi, JS; Hong, SP, 2008)		0.35
" In conclusion, repeated administration was well-tolerated but produced relatively low plasma concentrations of trans-resveratrol, despite the high doses and short dosing interval used."( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of trans-resveratrol in a rising multiple-dose study in healthy volunteers.
Almeida, L; Costa, R; Falcão, A; Fernandes-Lopes, C; Loureiro, AI; Nunes, T; Rocha, JF; Soares, E; Soares-da-Silva, P; Vaz-da-Silva, M; Wright, L, 2009)		0.35
" Based on these results, nicardipine dosage should be adjusted when given with supplements containing resveratrol."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous nicardipine in rats: possible role of P-glycoprotein inhibition by resveratrol.
Choi, BC; Choi, JS; Kang, KW, 2009)		0.35
" The reason for the lack of protective effect via the latter dosing route was assumed to be due to the minor accumulation of hepatic lipids 5 d after TCDD treatment."( Attenuation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity by resveratrol: a comparative study with different routes of administration.
Akamine, A; Hashiguchi, I; Ike, A; Ishida, T; Ishii, Y; Koga, T; Kuramoto, C; Takeda, T; Taketoh, J; Yahata, M; Yamada, H, 2009)		0.35
" On the other hand, at the same dosage 2 decreased progesterone levels."( Biological effects on granulosa cells of hydroxylated and methylated resveratrol analogues.
Baioni, L; Basini, G; Bussolati, S; Grasselli, F; Spatafora, C; Tringali, C, 2010)		0.36
"1 dosage reversed mutant PrP neurotoxicity, whereas sir-2."( Neuron dysfunction is induced by prion protein with an insertional mutation via a Fyn kinase and reversed by sirtuin activation in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Beaudry, P; Bizat, N; Cochois, V; Haïk, S; Laplanche, JL; Néri, C; Peyrin, JM, 2010)		0.36
" and were dosed orally."( Antidiabetic activity of resveratrol, a known SIRT1 activator in a genetic model for type-2 diabetes.
Arumugam, S; Davis, JA; Misra, CS; Ray, A; Roy, S; Shah, V; Sharma, S; Shirumalla, RK, 2011)		0.37
" We investigated whether consuming resveratrol, a polyphenol found in red wine, can enhance FMD acutely and whether there is a dose-response relationship for this effect."( Acute resveratrol supplementation improves flow-mediated dilatation in overweight/obese individuals with mildly elevated blood pressure.
Berry, NM; Buckley, JD; Coates, AM; Howe, PR; Kunz, I; Wong, RH, 2011)		0.37
" The genetic demonstration that increasing gene dosage of sirtuin orthologs in eukaryotes, including yeast and multicellular Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, leads to prolonged lifespan induced considerable interest toward the discovery of sirtuin-activating molecules, on the ground that the phenomenon of sirtuin-induced lifespan prolongation-which is consequential to improved metabolic control-can be exploited therapeutically to counteract insulin resistance and diabetes."( Therapeutic potential of activators and inhibitors of sirtuins.
Balcerczyk, A; Pirola, L, )		0.13
" The implementation of this assay to the screening of a highly diverse academic chemical library of 14,300 molecules yielded, after secondary assays and generation of dose-response curves, the identification of two natural product inhibitors, cyanidin and delphinidin."( Identification by high-throughput screening of inhibitors of Schistosoma mansoni NAD(+) catabolizing enzyme.
Haiech, J; Hibert, M; Kellenberger, E; Kuhn, I; Lobstein, A; Muller-Steffner, H; Rognan, D; Said-Hassane, F; Schuber, F; Villa, P, 2010)		0.36
" Despite consistent occurrence of hormetic dose responses of resveratrol in a wide range of biomedical models, epidemiologic and clinical trials are needed to assess the nature of its dose-response in humans."( Resveratrol commonly displays hormesis: occurrence and biomedical significance.
Calabrese, EJ; Calabrese, V; Mattson, MP, 2010)		0.36
" Hormesis can only be confirmed if evidence for a J- or U-shaped dose-response relationship is found in in vivo doses that are relevant to human intakes."( Commentary on 'resveratrol commonly displays hormesis: occurrence and biomedical significance'.
Lindsay, DG, 2010)		0.36
" It can help optimize study design protocols by investigators, create a dose-response framework for better addressing dose-related biological complexities and assist in the development of public health and medical guidance with respect to considerations for what is an optimal dose not just for an agent such as resveratrol, but also for the plethora of agents that also act via hormetic mechanisms."( Dose response biology: the case of resveratrol.
Calabrese, EJ; Calabrese, V; Mattson, MP, 2010)		0.36
" The present study was designed to compare the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of resveratrol and pterostilbene following equimolar oral dosing in rats."( Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats.
Huang, Z; Kapetanovic, IM; McCormick, DL; Muzzio, M; Thompson, TN, 2011)		0.37
" Two additional groups were dosed once intravenously with 10 and 11."( Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats.
Huang, Z; Kapetanovic, IM; McCormick, DL; Muzzio, M; Thompson, TN, 2011)		0.37
" 300 mg/kg bw/day) potentially reflect more rapid bioavailability, but different dosage regimes complicate comparisons."( Safety of resveratrol with examples for high purity, trans-resveratrol, resVida(®).
Bausch, J; Beck, M; Edwards, JA; Riegger, C, 2011)		0.37
" Among this panel, (E)-4-(2,6-difluorostyryl)-N,N-dimethylaniline (4r) inhibits Wnt signaling at nanomolar levels and inhibits the growth of human CRC cell xenografts in athymic nude mice at a dosage of 20 mg/kg."( Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
Chen, X; Evers, BM; Kril, LM; Liu, C; Rychahou, P; Shi, J; Sviripa, V; Watt, DS; Yu, T; Zhang, W, 2011)		0.37
" Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A (normal control group), group B (model control group), group C (resveratrol intervention high-dosage group), group D (resveratrol intervention middle dosage group), and group E (resveratrol intervention low-dosage group)."( Effect of resveratrol on cartilage protection and apoptosis inhibition in experimental osteoarthritis of rabbit.
Chen, JW; Gao, JS; Li, F; Tian, J; Wang, J, 2012)		0.38
" But even beyond these problems lies a deeper one; resveratrol, and almost every natural compound, is likely to have many clinically relevant targets with different dose-response profiles, tissue distributions, and modifiers."( Challenges of translating basic research into therapeutics: resveratrol as an example.
Baur, JA; Smoliga, JM; Vang, O, 2012)		0.38
" Dose-response analyses were performed for various AhR ligands, including TCDD, 3-methylcholanthrene, indirubin, resveratrol, omeprazole, and SP600125."( Novel stably transfected gene reporter human hepatoma cell line for assessment of aryl hydrocarbon receptor transcriptional activity: construction and characterization.
Dvorak, Z; Novotna, A; Pavek, P, 2011)		0.37
" Within the concentration range of 5-50 µmol/L, resveratrol effectively improved the survival rate of the astrocytes and decreased LDH leakage with a dose-response relationship."( [Protective effects of resveratrol on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory toxicity in primary cortical astrocyte cultures].
Chen, Q; Guo, J; Li, J; Liu, B; Wang, B; Yu, SY; Zhou, H, 2011)		0.37
" The present study investigated the underlying mechanism and dose-response effects of resveratrol (RV) on obesity, hepatic steatosis and dyslipidaemia in mice fed a HFD."( Differential effects of low-dose resveratrol on adiposity and hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mice.
Cho, SJ; Choi, MS; Jung, UJ, 2012)		0.38
" Pretreatment of high dosage of resveratrol also significantly inhibited retinal I/R injury-induced capillary degeneration; however, neither of the dosages prevented the injury-induced neurodegeneration."( Endoplasmic reticulum stress in retinal vascular degeneration: protective role of resveratrol.
Huang, K; Li, C; Wang, L; Zheng, L, 2012)		0.38
" The amounts of sulfate conjugates tended to increase when resveratrol dosage was enhanced, while the glucuronide ones increased only between 6 and 30 mg/kg/d."( Distribution of resveratrol metabolites in liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle in rats fed different doses of this polyphenol.
Andres-Lacueva, C; Boto-Ordóñez, M; Macarulla, MT; Portillo, MP; Rodríguez, VM; Rotches-Ribalta, M; Urpi-Sarda, M, 2012)		0.38
" A high dose of resveratrol activated AMPK in a SIRT1-independent manner, demonstrating that resveratrol dosage is a critical factor."( SIRT1 is required for AMPK activation and the beneficial effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial function.
Agarwal, B; Baur, JA; Coppari, R; Davis, JG; de Cabo, R; Duarte, FV; Gomes, AP; Hafner, A; Hubbard, BP; Ling, AJ; Martin-Montalvo, A; Moaddel, R; North, BJ; Palmeira, CM; Price, NL; Ramadori, G; Rolo, AP; Sinclair, DA; Teodoro, JS; Varamini, B; Varela, AT; Ye, L, 2012)		0.38
" At all concentrations, resveratrol promotes osteogenic differentiation in a dosage dependent manner, which is offset by its inhibitory effect on cell self-renewal at high concentrations."( Resveratrol exerts dosage and duration dependent effect on human mesenchymal stem cell development.
Alencastro, F; Atashpanjeh, N; Bach, T; Gomez, J; Marquez, M; Peltz, L; Quang, T; Zhao, Y, 2012)		0.38
" A non-cytotoxic dosage of resveratrol causes a reduction in the generation of reactive oxygen species, and suppresses phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced invasion and migration in both A549 and HeLa cells."( Suppressing effect of resveratrol on the migration and invasion of human metastatic lung and cervical cancer cells.
Kim, YS; Sull, JW; Sung, HJ, 2012)		0.38
"Potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice were dosed by gavage with eight stilbenes."( Antihyperuricemic and nephroprotective effects of resveratrol and its analogues in hyperuricemic mice.
Hong, Y; Kong, LD; Li, Z; Liu, L; Liu, YL; Shi, YW; Wang, CP; Wang, X, 2012)		0.38
" SIRT3 was significantly enhanced in a dose-dependent manner at resveratrol doses of up to 10 μM in both cells, with reduction and more enhanced at a dosage of 100 μM in undifferentiated and differentiated cells, respectively."( Resveratrol affects undifferentiated and differentiated PC12 cells differently, particularly with respect to possible differences in mitochondrial and autophagic functions.
Gotow, T; Hayakawa, N; Koike, M; Matsuura, N; Shibata, M; Shiozaki, M; Uchiyama, Y, 2013)		0.39
" Rat pups were treated with daily injections of trans-resveratrol under three dosage regimens (1-15 mg/kg and 20-50mg/kg)."( Lack of resveratrol neuroprotection in developing rats treated with kainic acid.
Friedman, LK; Friedman, S; Goldstein, B; Rafiuddin, A; Roblejo, P, 2013)		0.39
"The doses of resveratrol and the experimental conditions used by different research groups have varied considerably, and the dosage influences both the effectiveness and toxicity of resveratrol."( Resveratrol protects against age-associated infertility in mice.
Keefe, DL; Liu, L; Liu, M; Ye, X; Yin, Y; Zeng, M; Zhao, Q, 2013)		0.39
" And TARES follows linear plasma pharmacokinetics across the investigated dosage range in rats (77."( Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion study of resveratrol and its prodrug 3,5,4'-tri-O-acetylresveratrol in rats.
Cheng, S; Liang, L; Liu, X; Wang, Q; Zhang, M; Zhang, S, 2013)		0.39
" The drug metabolism rate in worms was both dosage and time dependent."( Drug absorption efficiency in Caenorhbditis elegans delivered by different methods.
Ding, AJ; Li, GP; Luo, HR; Wu, GS; Zheng, SQ, 2013)		0.39
"A dose-response relationship was observed between resveratrol and RGC survival."( The neuroprotective effect of resveratrol on retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve transection.
Kim, SH; Kim, YJ; Park, JH; Park, KH, 2013)		0.39
" A dose-response difference was observed in the effects of Res on bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular microarchitecture."( Long-term resveratrol treatment prevents ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in rats without hyperplastic effects on the uterus.
Li, J; Li, N; Li, X; Li, Z; Liu, J; Liu, T; Xiao, H; Zhao, H, 2014)		0.4
" Dose-response curves for FAO were constructed and the highest non-effective dose (typically 1-10 nM) was used with either leucine (0."( Synergistic effects of polyphenols and methylxanthines with Leucine on AMPK/Sirtuin-mediated metabolism in muscle cells and adipocytes.
Bruckbauer, A; Zemel, MB, 2014)		0.4
" These results suggest a resveratrol-ribose matrix lozenge can achieve greater Cmax and enter the bloodstream faster than previously reported dosage forms for gastrointestinal absorption."( Development of a lozenge for oral transmucosal delivery of trans-resveratrol in humans: proof of concept.
Blanchard, OL; Friesenhahn, G; Javors, MA; Smoliga, JM, 2014)		0.4
" The data also highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate dosage regimen of RSV to maximize its potential therapeutic effectiveness for future application in DMD patients."( Resveratrol induces expression of the slow, oxidative phenotype in mdx mouse muscle together with enhanced activity of the SIRT1-PGC-1α axis.
Burt, M; Jasmin, BJ; Ljubicic, V; Lunde, JA, 2014)		0.4
" The TCDD group mice were dosed with TCDD 28 microg/kg body weight on gestation day 10 (GD 10) animals in folic acid group were respectively dosed with folic acid 15, 10, 5 mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg; resveratrol treated mice were divided into 3 groups: resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13 in resveratrol (GD8-13 ) group; resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13, followed hy an oral administered with TCDD on GD10 in resveratrol (GD8-13) + TCDD group; resveratrol 50mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg were used by gavage administration at GD10 in resveratrol (GD10) + TCDD group."( [The antagonistic effect of folic acid and resveratrol on cleft palate in mice induced by TCDD].
Fu, YX; Gan, LQ; He, XM; Liu, CP; Liu, Y; Qiu, L; Tian, XF; Wei, GH; Xiao, J; Yuan, XG, 2013)		0.39
" To achieve an equivalent effect, a 10-fold dosage of genistein was required, thus highlighting the dose advantage of resveratrol, as poor bioavailability is a common concern for its clinical application."( Arsenic trioxide and resveratrol show synergistic anti-leukemia activity and neutralized cardiotoxicity.
Chen, M; Fan, Y; Fang, K; Meng, J; Tu, Y; Wan, L; Yu, L; Zhu, W, 2014)		0.4
" Although a number of positive findings have emerged from human clinical trials, there remain many conflicting results, which may partially be attributed to the dosing protocols used."( Enhancing the delivery of resveratrol in humans: if low bioavailability is the problem, what is the solution?
Blanchard, O; Smoliga, JM, 2014)		0.4
" These results indicated that one needs to pay more attention to the dosage and biphasic effects when RES was applied as antitumor drugs or health products."( Concentration-dependent biphasic effects of resveratrol on human natural killer cells in vitro.
Huang, QS; Huyan, T; Li, J; Li, Q; Shi, JL; Ye, LJ, 2014)		0.4
" Our findings verified the effects of specific dosed resveratrol on postmenopausal osteoporosis through osteoblast differentiation via SIRT1-NF-κB signaling pathway."( Protective effects of resveratrol on postmenopausal osteoporosis: regulation of SIRT1-NF-κB signaling pathway.
Cao, P; Feng, J; Lei, W; Liu, S; Ma, S; Qi, W; Wang, Z; Zhang, W; Zhao, J, 2014)		0.4
" Conventional dosage forms such as dry powder capsules and injections have met with limited success, demonstrating challenges faced in developing an effective formulation."( Resveratrol nanoformulations: challenges and opportunities.
Jambhrunkar, S; Popat, A; Qu, Z; Soo, E; Summerlin, N; Thakur, S, 2015)		0.42
" The blood samples were collected after CBZ dosing at predetermined time intervals and analyzed by LC-MS/MS."( Effect of resveratrol on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine in healthy human volunteers.
Bedada, SK; Nearati, P, 2015)		0.42
" Adenomyosis was induced in 28 female ICR mice neonatally dosed with tamoxifen, while another 12 (group C) were dosed with solvent only, serving as a blank control."( Resveratrol Reduces Myometrial Infiltration, Uterine Hyperactivity, and Stress Levels and Alleviates Generalized Hyperalgesia in Mice With Induced Adenomyosis.
Chen, Y; Guo, SW; Liu, X; Zhang, H; Zhu, B, 2015)		0.42
"Overall, our chronic daily anti-oxidant dosing scheme resulted in improvements in neuronal viability surrounding implanted microelectrodes, which could result in improved device performance."( Implications of chronic daily anti-oxidant administration on the inflammatory response to intracortical microelectrodes.
Capadona, JR; Meador, WD; Potter-Baker, KA; Stewart, WG; Tomaszewski, WH; Wong, CT; Ziats, NP, 2015)		0.42
" However, concurrent dosing of these natural products with ADR is limited due to their low solubility, and low oral bioavailability."( Combinatorial resveratrol and quercetin polymeric micelles mitigate doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.
Alani, AWG; Carlson, LJ; Cote, B; Rao, DA, 2015)		0.42
" Dose-response profile of resveratrol remains indeterminate and additional studies may be necessary to determine effective dosing in diabetes."( Comparison of the anti-diabetic effects of resveratrol, gliclazide and losartan in streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes.
Bilgin, HM; Deniz Obay, B; Elbey, B; Şermet, A; Taşdemir, E; Yazgan, ÜC, 2015)		0.42
" The dose-response relationship for concentrations generated and the metabolite profile of [(14)C]-resveratrol in colorectal tissue of cancer patients helped us to define clinically achievable levels."( Cancer chemoprevention: Evidence of a nonlinear dose response for the protective effects of resveratrol in humans and mice.
Andreadi, C; Britton, RG; Brown, K; Cai, H; Gescher, AJ; Goldring, C; Greaves, P; Hemingway, D; Horner-Glister, E; Howells, L; James, M; Jawad, D; Karmokar, A; Kholghi, A; Kitteringham, N; Malfatti, M; Miller, A; Ognibene, T; Rufini, A; Scott, E; Steward, WP; Viskaduraki, M; Walsh, J; West, K, 2015)		0.42
" As regards antigenotoxicity testing, RESV and PTER showed a typical, U-shaped hormetic dose-response relationship characterized by a biphasic trend with small quantities having opposite effects to large ones."( In Vitro Safety/Protection Assessment of Resveratrol and Pterostilbene in a Human Hepatoma Cell Line (HepG2).
Blasi, F; Cossignani, L; Dominici, L; Lombardi, G; Marcotullio, MC; Moretti, M; Vannini, S; Villarini, M, 2015)		0.42
" An in vitro dose-response analysis was performed to determine the optimal dose of a variety of extracts (baobab fruit extract, green tea extract, grape seed extract, and resveratrol) for reducing rapidly digestible starch in white bread."( White bread enriched with polyphenol extracts shows no effect on glycemic response or satiety, yet may increase postprandial insulin economy in healthy participants.
Coe, S; Ryan, L, 2016)		0.43
" The blood samples were collected after DIC dosing and analyzed by HPLC."( Effect of Resveratrol Treatment on the Pharmacokinetics of Diclofenac in Healthy Human Volunteers.
Bedada, SK; Neerati, P; Yellu, NR, 2016)		0.43
" The blood samples were collected after CHZ dosing at predetermined time intervals and analyzed by HPLC."( Resveratrol Pretreatment Affects CYP2E1 Activity of Chlorzoxazone in Healthy Human Volunteers.
Bedada, SK; Neerati, P, 2016)		0.43
" In cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, high dosage (10 to 100 μM) resveratrol treatment produced cytotoxicity in both preadipocytes and mature adipocytes."( Resveratrol exerts anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet obese mice and displays differential dosage effects on cytotoxicity, differentiation, and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells.
Chang, CC; Day, YJ; Hung, LM; Lin, KY; Peng, KY, 2016)		0.43
" Concentrations required for effective simvastatin- or resveratrol-induced inhibition of mitochondrial respiration were found much higher than concentrations achieved under standard dosing of these drugs."( Effect of Simvastatin, Coenzyme Q10, Resveratrol, Acetylcysteine and Acetylcarnitine on Mitochondrial Respiration.
Fišar, Z; Hroudová, J; Kopřivová, A; Macečková, D; Singh, N, 2016)		0.43
" The results indicate that diet supplemented with resveratrol at a dosage of 40 µg/g BW/day improves phagocyte killing ability and lymphocyte proliferation in broodstock and accelerates offspring hatch."( Dietary resveratrol improves immunity but reduces reproduction of broodstock medaka Oryzias latipes (Temminck & Schlegel).
Kowalska, A; Kowalski, RK; Siwicki, AK, 2017)		0.46
" The simultaneous dosage of drugs and natural agents isolated from fruits and vegetables used in breast cancer treatment could be more effective and less toxic."( Fluorometric Investigation on the Binding of Letrozole and Resveratrol with Serum Albumin.
Chudzik, M; Maciążek-Jurczyk, M; Maliszewska, M; Pożycka, J; Sułkowska, A; Szkudlarek, A, 2016)		0.43
" Further studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage of supplementation for these patients."( Resveratrol Supplementation and Oxidative/Anti-Oxidative Status in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study.
Asl, PR; Daryani, NE; Hekmatdoost, A; Samsamikor, M, 2016)		0.43
" The effects of antioxidants thus reveal an inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship between ROS levels and lifespan."( Antioxidants reveal an inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship between reactive oxygen species levels and the rate of aging in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Bernard, K; Breton, L; Cacho-Valadez, B; Desjardins, D; Hekimi, S; Khaki, A; Liu, JL; Wang, Y; Yee, C, 2017)		0.46
" Although couple of research projects have emerged from human clinical trials, however results are conflicting, that may partially belong to defined dosing protocols."( Research Problems Associated with Resveratrol (trans-3, 5, 4'- trihydroxystilbene; RSV) and Various Strategies to Overcome those Problems (Review).
Garg, R; Sardana, S, 2017)		0.46
" Based on the results of the dose-response trial, the concentration of 50 μM was selected for further assessments, such as membrane integrity, total antioxidant capacity, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels."( Resveratrol prevents capacitation-like changes and improves in vitro fertilizing capability of buffalo frozen-thawed sperm.
Cammarano, A; De Canditiis, C; De Luise, L; Gasparrini, B; Longobardi, V; Neglia, G; Puzio, MV; Salzano, A; Zullo, G, 2017)		0.46
" A dendrimer-resveratrol complex was prepared, optimized and tested for solubility enhancement, stability in solution and cream dosage forms."( Development of a Topical Resveratrol Formulation for Commercial Applications Using Dendrimer Nanotechnology.
Chauhan, AS; Newenhouse, E; O'Brien, B; Pentek, T, 2017)		0.46
" All compounds activated AhR, but their efficacies, potencies and dose-response profiles differed substantially."( Hydroxystilbenes and methoxystilbenes activate human aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induce CYP1A genes in human hepatoma cells and human hepatocytes.
Bachleda, P; Dvořák, Z; Pastorková, B; Vrzalová, A, 2017)		0.46
"(ZDF) rats and their lean controls (LN) were dosed with a Standardized Grape Polyphenol (SGP) Mixture consisting of grape seed extract, Concord grape juice and resveratrol (RES) by oral gavage for 10 days."( Influence of diabetes on plasma pharmacokinetics and brain bioavailability of grape polyphenols and their phase II metabolites in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat.
Chen, TY; Cooper, B; Ferruzzi, MG; Ho, L; Janle, EM; Pasinetti, GM; Simon, JE; Talcott, ST; Todd, G; Wang, J; Wu, QL, 2017)		0.46
" Dose-response analyses did not reveal a clear lipolytic effect in both species."( Pterostilbene Inhibits Lipogenic Activity similar to Resveratrol or Caffeine but Differently Modulates Lipolysis in Adipocytes.
Belles, C; Briot, A; Carpéné, C; Fernández-Quintela, A; Gomez-Zorita, S; Portillo, MP, 2017)		0.46
" We investigated the pharmacokinetic (PK) response of polyphenols in obese/overweight versus lean individuals before and after repeated dosing of grape polyphenols."( The effect of obesity and repeated exposure on pharmacokinetic response to grape polyphenols in humans.
Baer, DJ; Chen, TY; Ferruzzi, MG; Gebauer, SK; Ho, L; Novotny, JA; Pasinetti, GM; Terekhov, AI, 2017)		0.46
"A pilot study was conducted in which PK challenges were administered before and after 10 days of repeated dosing with polyphenols."( The effect of obesity and repeated exposure on pharmacokinetic response to grape polyphenols in humans.
Baer, DJ; Chen, TY; Ferruzzi, MG; Gebauer, SK; Ho, L; Novotny, JA; Pasinetti, GM; Terekhov, AI, 2017)		0.46
" The experimental results showed that compared with Tax, Res medication alone, joint group significantly enhanced inhibition of Hep-2 cells activity, decreased the dosage of Tax, increased the expression of Bax and PARP, TRIB3, reduced the expression of the Bcl-2 and XIAP, and promoted the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8."( [Apoptosis mechanism of taxol combined with resveratrol on human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells].
Lu, CX; Sun, JH; Wu, CL, 2016)		0.43
" These nutrients, shown to be safe at the dosage generally used in human trials, are able to modulate molecules involved in colon cancer cell growth and survival."( Omega-3 PUFA Loaded in Resveratrol-Based Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Properties and Antineoplastic Activities in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro.
Calviello, G; Cassano, R; Corsetto, PA; Rizzo, AM; Serini, S; Trombino, S, 2018)		0.48
" Despite the lack of effectiveness in preventing bone loss, a significant dose-response trend was observed in the phytochemical-rich diets in bone adipocyte number compared to ovariectomized control rats."( Synergistic Phytochemicals Fail to Protect Against Ovariectomy Induced Bone Loss in Rats.
Ambati, S; Baile, CA; Bass, EF; Della-Fera, MA; Hartzell, DL; Hohos, NM; Kelso, EW; Miller, CN; Rayalam, S; Trunnell, ER; Yang, JY, 2018)		0.48
" LPS with a dosage of 10 µg/ml repressed cell viability, induced apoptosis, and increased the release of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α."( Resveratrol Protects Murine Chondrogenic ATDC5 Cells Against LPS-Induced Inflammatory Injury Through Up-Regulating MiR-146b.
Feng, S; Ji, Y; Jin, H; Lan, H; Ma, T; Zhang, H; Zhu, H, 2018)		0.48
"The purpose of this study was to develop self-microemulsifying (SME-) tablets to improve resveratrol solubility whilst delivering resveratrol in a preferred tablet dosage form."( Self-microemulsifying tablets prepared by direct compression for improved resveratrol delivery.
Bolko Seljak, K; Gašperlin, M; Ilić, IG; Zvonar Pobirk, A, 2018)		0.48
" The dissolution assay conducted, as specified in the European Pharmacopoeia for delayed-release dosage forms, revealed that our microparticles were gastro-resistant, because the resveratrol percentage released from microparticles in acid medium was less than 10%."( Preparation and Characterization of Resveratrol Loaded Pectin/Alginate Blend Gastro-Resistant Microparticles.
Gartziandia, O; Hernández, RM; Igartua, M; Lasa, A; Miranda, J; Pedraz, JL; Portillo, MP, 2018)		0.48
" Significant differences in the metabolite profiles of the liver, kidney and plasma existed between the toxic and therapeutically dosed mice."( Identification of hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potential markers of triptolide in mice with delayed-type hypersensitivity.
Li, M; Qu, L; Wang, Z; Zhang, J, 2018)		0.48
" This facilitates their ready acceptance as dietary supplements with no requirements of special dosage and concerns over long-term usage."( Encapsulation of Nutraceutical Ingredients in Liposomes and Their Potential for Cancer Treatment.
Anandharamakrishnan, C; Dutta, S; Moses, JA, )		0.13
" Variables such as vine-shoot vinifera (Airén and Cencibel), size (chip and granule), toasting (toasted and non-toasted), dosage (4 and 12 g/L) and maceration time (1, 7, 21, 35 and 120 days) were tested."( Assessment of vine-shoots in a model wines as enological additives.
Alonso, GL; Amaya, Z; Cristina, CT; Miguel, CJ; Rosario, SG; Rosario, SM, 2019)		0.51
" Co-administration of mRQ with ADR can reduce ADR dosing through chemosensitization while being cardioprotective."( Chemosensitization and mitigation of Adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity using combinational polymeric micelles for co-delivery of quercetin/resveratrol and resveratrol/curcumin in ovarian cancer.
Alani, AWG; Cote, B; Fatease, AA; LeBlanc, N; Nguyen, DX; Rao, DA; Shah, V, 2019)		0.51
" The results of subgroup analysis of human studies showed that resveratrol has significant effect on metabolic parameters (glucose level and WC) at the dosage of > 500 mg and with long-term interventions ≥ 10 weeks."( Effect of resveratrol on metabolic syndrome components: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Asgary, S; Farzaei, MH; Karimi, R; Momtaz, S; Naseri, R, 2019)		0.51
" Conventional dosage forms of resveratrol, such as tablets, capsules, dry powder, and injections, have met with limited success."( Switching from Conventional to Nano-natural Phytochemicals to Prevent and Treat Cancers: Special Emphasis on Resveratrol.
Ahmed, MB; Lee, YS; Shehzad, A, 2019)		0.51
" Resveratrol dosage was 250 mg twice per day from the beginning of the study."( Resveratrol as adjunctive therapy in treatment of irritability in children with autism: A double-blind and placebo-controlled randomized trial.
Akhondzadeh, S; Hendouei, F; Mohammadi, MR; Rezaei, F; Sanjari Moghaddam, H; Taslimi, N, 2020)		0.56
" RSV was more effective than RSVO in carrageenan-elicited acute edema when dosed in either prophylactic or therapeutic schemes of administration."( Improvement of Resveratrol Effects When Combined with Rice Oil in Rat Models of Inflammation.
Bernardi, A; Campos, MM; Maciel, IS; Morrone, FB; Ribeiro, A; Rübensam, G; Silva, RBM; Souto, AA, 2020)		0.56
"5 ml of pristane and after 2 months they were orally dosed with resveratrol combinations for 4 months."( Combinatorial therapeutic effect of resveratrol and piperine on murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Bhatnagar, A; Pannu, N, 2020)		0.56
" All animals were dosed via oral gavage for 4 weeks."( Synergistic antioxidant effects of resveratrol and curcumin against fipronil-triggered oxidative damage in male albino rats.
Abdel-Daim, MM; AlBasher, G; Aleya, L; Almeer, R; Bungau, S; Hamza, RZ; Ibrahim, KA, 2020)		0.56
" Further clinical research is advisable to identify the dosage and timing of the supplementation, the group of women that might benefit the most from this approach, and the nutraceuticals with the best cost-effectiveness and risk-benefit ratio for widespread use in clinical practice."( Nutraceuticals and Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: The Available Clinical Evidence.
Cicero, AFG; Fogacci, F; Fogacci, S, 2020)		0.56
" In particular, the optimal RE dosage capable of maximizing its health benefits without raising toxicity issues remains an area of extensive research."( Potential Adverse Effects of Resveratrol: A Literature Review.
Abdel-Rahman, WM; Al-Mohannadi, A; Alhababi, D; Eid, AH; Halabi, S; Hasan, H; Nasrallah, GK; Pintus, G; Posadino, AM; Shaito, A; Younes, N, 2020)		0.56
" Further investigations containing larger sample sizes, longer supplementation periods, and dose-response evaluations are required to replicate these findings in ADHD children more confidently."( Resveratrol adjunct to methylphenidate improves symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Akhondzadeh, S; Ashraf-Ganjouei, A; Bagheri, S; Mohammadi, MR; Moradi, K; Rafeiy-Torghabeh, M, 2021)		0.62
" However, RSV was given with the dosage that ranged from 7 to 300 mg/kg body weight (BW)."( Administration of low-dose resveratrol attenuated hepatic inflammation and lipid accumulation in high cholesterol-fructose diet-induced rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Chang, CC; Chang, CY; Chen, KH; Huang, JP; Hung, LM; Lin, PC; Yen, TH, )		0.13
" As conclusion, RV can facilitate cell proliferation and wound healing related growth factors secretion at dosage dependent manner."( Resveratrol promotes secretion of wound healing related growth factors of mesenchymal stem cells originated from adult and fetal tissues.
Dinaryati, A; Komaratih, E; Lestari, NMI; Prakoeswa, CRS; Rantam, FA; Rindiastuti, Y; Wirohadidjojo, YW, 2020)		0.56
" Subgroup analysis revealed a significant reduction in serum ALT and AST concentrations in the participants with mean age <45 years, and studies with intervention dosage <1000 mg/day."( Efficacy of resveratrol supplementation on liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wei, S; Yu, X, 2021)		0.62
" This may be related to factors such as the population and the dosage and time of taking natural products involved in different studies."( Natural products: The role and mechanism in low-density lipoprotein oxidation and atherosclerosis.
Chen, W; Feng, X; Li, L; Xu, S; Zhang, L; Zhang, S, 2021)		0.62
" According to our study, resveratrol can reduce the dosage to 1/64 of ketoconazole as well as itraconazole."( The synergistic antifungal activity of resveratrol with azoles against Candida albicans.
Gao, L; Song, F; Wan, Y; Wang, J; Wang, L; Zhang, L; Zhang, X, 2021)		0.62
" Similarly to traditional dosage forms, chemical and physical compatibility of proniosomes components with the active ingredient(s) is a key step in the preformulation process of such systems."( Drug-Excipients Compatibility Studies in Proniosomal Formulation: A Case Study with Resveratrol.
Lai, F; Maria Fadda, A; Pini, E; Schlich, M; Sinico, C, 2021)		0.62
" A standard solution of 2-methoxyethanol was dosed at 10 μL."( Potential neuroprotective of trans-resveratrol a promising agent tempeh and soybean seed coats-derived against beta-amyloid neurotoxicity on primary culture of nerve cells induced by 2-methoxyethanol.
Ibrahim, N; Irnidayanti, Y; Santoso, A; Sutiono, DR; Wisnuwardhani, PH, 2021)		0.62
" Pterostilbene was shown to partially prevent high-fat high-fructose feeding induced liver steatosis in rats, demonstrating a dose-response pattern."( Pterostilbene modifies triglyceride metabolism in hepatic steatosis induced by high-fat high-fructose feeding: a comparison with its analog resveratrol.
Biasutto, L; Bujanda, L; Fernández-Quintela, A; Gómez-Zorita, S; Lasa, A; Macarulla, MT; Milton-Laskibar, I; Miranda, J; Portillo, MP; Segues, N, 2021)		0.62
" Preliminary biochemical assays revealed a significant inhibitory activity of the ACE2:Spike recognition with a dose-response effect only in the case of PD."( Interference of Polydatin/Resveratrol in the ACE2:Spike Recognition during COVID-19 Infection. A Focus on Their Potential Mechanism of Action through Computational and Biochemical Assays.
Coppola, F; Fuggetta, MP; Montesarchio, D; Musumeci, D; Perrella, F; Petrone, A; Platella, C; Ravagnan, G; Rega, N; Stringaro, A, 2021)		0.62
" The animals received resveratrol at a dosage of 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg for the next 30 days."( The effectiveness of resveratrol in treatment of PCOS on the basis of experimental model in rats.
Abashova, E; Borodina, V; Bulgakova, O; Tral, T; Yarmolinskaya, M, 2021)		0.62
" Whether there is a dose-response of the lipid profile upon resveratrol supplementation is unknown."( The Effect of Resveratrol on Blood Lipid Profile: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Cao, X; Liao, W; Sun, G; Wang, S; Xia, H, 2022)		0.72
" Further studies are necessary to examine the extended effect of Resveratrol with increased dosage or time of treatment."( Resveratrol thyro-protective role in fluorosis rat model (histo-morphometric, biochemical and ultrastructural study).
Amin, MA; Hassan, NH, 2023)		0.91
" To test the dose-response effect on apoptosis, 0-50 μM Res were incubated with BMEC for 12 h, followed by 250 μg/mL LPS treatment for 12 h."( Resveratrol inhibits LPS-induced apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells: the role of PGC1α-SIRT3 axis.
Gao, X; Lan, X; Liu, L; Liu, Z; Ouyang, L; Peng, T; Shen, W; Tang, H; Tian, Y; Wan, F; Wang, Z; Xiao, D, 2023)		0.91
" We point out the importance of resveratrol dosage considering that synergistic cytotoxic effect with both PCB congeners is observed at concentrations ≥ 10 μM."( Resveratrol ameliorates ortho- polychlorinated biphenyls' induced toxicity in ovary cells.
Kmetič, I; Kovač, V; Miletić, M; Murati, T; Petković, T; Pleadin, J; Šimić, B; Štrac, DŠ, 2023)		0.91
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

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1Life Science NMN+ Serum Platinum -- 1.7 oz1Life ScienceVitamins & Supplementscarbomer, vitamin E, vitamin E, nicotinamide mononucleotide, resveratrol, sodium hydroxide2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Age Defying Apricot Probiotic Cleansing Milk -- 6 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal Careorange, allantoin, cetyl alcohol, CoQ10, tocopherol, ethylhexylglycerin, tocopherol, vitamin e, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl monolaurate, phenethyl alcohol, resveratrol, ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Age Defying Deep Wrinkle Dermal Filler -- 0.6 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal CareAllantoin, Vitamin C, Cetyl Alcohol, CoQ10, Tocopherol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Tocopherol, Glyceryl Stearate, Phenethyl Alcohol, Resveratrol, Stearyl Alcohol, Ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Age Defying DIY Booster Facial Serum SPF 30 Unscented -- 2 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal CareCetyl Alcohol, CoQ10, Ethylhexylglycerin, Phenethyl Alcohol, Resveratrol, Stearyl Alcohol, Ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Age Defying Fruit Stem Cell Revitalize Serum -- 1.1 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal CareOrange, Allantoin, Vitamin C, Kelp, Cetyl Alcohol, CoQ10, Tocopherol, Panthenol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Tocopherol, Glyceryl Stearate, Melatonin, Glyceryl Laurate, Phenethyl Alcohol, Resveratrol, Riboflavin, Stearyl Alcohol, Ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Age Defying Goji Peptide Perfecting Cream -- 1.7 ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal CareOrange, Allantoin, Vitamin C, Bisabolol, Cetyl Alcohol, CoQ10, Tocopherol, Panthenol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Tocopherol, Glyceryl Stearate, Glyceryl Laurate, Phenethyl Alcohol, Resveratrol, Riboflavin, Stearic Acid, Ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Age Defying Toning Refresher Blossom + Leaf -- 6 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal CareAllantoin, Vitamin C, CoQ10, Tocopherol, Panthenol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Tocopherol, Phenethyl Alcohol, Resveratrol, Ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Age Defying Ultra Sheer Daily Defense Facial Lotion SPF 18 -- 2.7 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal CareOrange, Allantoin, Chamomile, Vitamin C, Kelp, Cetyl Alcohol, CoQ10, Tocopherol, Panthenol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Tocopherol, Dimethicone, Phenethyl Alcohol, Resveratrol, Stearic Acid, Stearyl Alcohol, Ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals CannaCell Beauty Oil -- 1 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal Carevitamin C, bisabolol, tocopherol, tocopherol, hemp, resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals CannaCell Dreamy Night Cream -- 1.7 ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal Careallantoin, vitamin C, tocopherol, ethylhexylglycerin, tocopherol, glyceryl stearate, hemp, phenoxyethanol, resveratrol, squalane, stearic acid2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals CannaCell Happy Day Cream -- 1.7 ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal Careallantoin, vitamin C, cetyl alcohol, tocopherol, panthenol, ethylhexylglycerin, tocopherol, hemp, phenoxyethanol, resveratrol, squalane, stearic acid2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Facial Lotion Age Defying Ultra Sheer Daily Defense Mineral SPF 30 -- 2.7 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal Carecaprylyl glycol, citric acid, cetearyl alcohol, citric acid, tocopherol, behenyl alcohol, ectoin, tocopherol, sodium gluconate, glycerin, tetradecane, propanediol, resveratrol, beta-sitosterol, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, squalene2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Hyaluronic DMAE Lift & Firm Cream Age Defying -- 1.7 ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal Careorange, allantoin, vitamin C, bisabolol, CoQ10, tocopherol, dimethylaminoethanol, panthenol, ethylhexylglycerin, tocopherol, glyceryl stearate, phenethyl alcohol, resveratrol, riboflavin, ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Andalou Naturals Resveratrol Q10 Night Repair Cream -- 1.7 fl ozAndalou NaturalsBeauty & Personal Careallantoin, vitamin c, cetyl alcohol, coq10, comfrey, tocopherol, ethylhexylglycerin, tocopherol, glyceryl stearate, phenethyl alcohol, resveratrol, riboflavin, stearyl alcohol, ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Aurora NutraScience Mega-Liposomal NAD+ Resveratrol Organic Fruit -- 16 fl ozAurora NutraScienceVitamins & SupplementsNAD+, Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Codeage GLP-Advantage+ Chromium Berberine Gymnema Resveratrol GLP-1 Activity Support -- 60 CapsulesCodeageProfessional SupplementsBerberine HCl, Boron, Chromium, Curcumin, Trans-Resveratrol, L-Taurine2024-11-29 10:47:42
Codeage Liposomal Urolithin A Supplement - Resveratrol Betaine CoQ10 -- 60 CapsulesCodeageProfessional SupplementsUrolithin A, Betaine Anhydrous, Coenzyme Q10, Trans-Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Cymbiotika NMN + Trans-Resveratrol -- 60 CapsulesCymbiotikaVitamins & SupplementsNMN, Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
DaVinci Laboratories Prostate Health -- 60 CapsulesDaVinci LaboratoriesProfessional SupplementsVitamin C, R-Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Vitamin E, Folate, Vitamin E, Lycopene, Vitamin B6, Resveratrol, Vitamin B62024-11-29 10:47:42
Derma E Firming DMAE Moisturizer -- 2 ozDerma EBeauty & Personal Careallantoin, caffeine, cetyl alcohol, dimethyl MEA, panthenol, ethylhexylglycerin, glyceryl stearate, glycerin, dimethicone, resveratrol, retinol, sodium hydroxide, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol, thioctic acid, ubiquinone2024-11-29 10:47:42
Derma E Stem Cell Eye Lifting Treatment -- 0.5 ozDerma EBeauty & Personal Care butylene glycol, orange, ascorbyl palmitate, allantoin, caffeine, dimethyl MEA, panthenol, provitamin B5, glyceryl stearate, glycerin, vitamin B3, niacinamide, phenoxyethanol, resveratrol, sodium hydroxide, stearyl alcohol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Derma E Ultra Lift DMAE Concentrated Serum -- 1 fl ozDerma EBeauty & Personal Caredimethyl MEA, panthenol, provitamin B5, glycerin, malic acid, phenoxyethanol, resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Desert Essence Conditioner Italian Red Grape -- 8 fl ozDesert EssenceBeauty & Personal Carebenzyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, palm, comfrey, dehydroacetic acid, panthenol, pro-vitamin B-5, glycerin, limonene, resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Desert Essence Shampoo Italian Red Grape -- 8 fl ozDesert EssenceBeauty & Personal Carecitric acid, palm, citric acid, comfrey, decyl glucoside, panthenol, pro-vitamin B5, glycerin, resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Designs for Sport Mito NRG Complex - NSF Certified for Sport -- 120 Vegetarian CapsulesDesigns for SportProfessional SupplementsCoenzyme Q10, Creatine, L-Carnitine, Malic Acid, Manganese, Niacin, Pantethine, Vitamin B6, Trans-Resveratrol, Riboflavin, D-Ribose, Succinic Acid, Thiamin, Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B62024-11-29 10:47:42
Designs for Sport Multi + Phyto - NSF Certified for Sport -- 120 Vegetarian CapsulesDesigns for SportProfessional SupplementsVitamin C, Benfotiamine, Biotin, Boron, Chromium, Folate, Lycopene, Manganese, MK-7, MK-9, Molybdenum, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin B6, Quercetin, Trans-Resveratrol, Vitamin A, Riboflavin, Selenium, Thiamin, Vanadium, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Vitamin K2024-11-29 10:47:42
Designs for Sport Power Pack - NSF Certified for Sport -- 30 PacketsDesigns for SportProfessional SupplementsVitamin C, Benfotiamine, Biotin, Boron, Chromium, Folate, Lycopene, Manganese, MK-7, MK-9, Molybdenum, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin B6, Quercetin, Trans-Resveratrol, Vitamin A, Riboflavin, Selenium, Thiamin, Vanadium, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Vitamin K2024-11-29 10:47:42
Double Wood Supplements Resveratrol -- 120 CapsulesDouble Wood SupplementsProfessional SupplementsResveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
EO Hand Cream - French Lavender -- 2.5 fl ozEOBeauty & Personal Carecitric acid, allantoin, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, citric acid, tocopherol, tocopherol, glyceryl stearate, dimethicone, glyceryl caprylate, oat, phytosterols, resveratrol, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol2024-11-29 10:47:42
EO Hand Cream Orange Blossom Vanilla -- 2.5 fl ozEOBeauty & Personal Careorange, citric acid, allantoin, ceramide-3, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, citric acid, tocopherol, panthenol, tocopherol, glyceryl stearate, glycerin, dimethicone, glyceryl caprylate, oat, phytosterols, resveratrol, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol, vanillin2024-11-29 10:47:42
Evlution Nutrition ENGN Pump Pre-Workout Engine Cherry Limeade -- 9.52 oz - 30 ServingsEvlution NutritionActive Lifestyle & FitnessBeta-Alanine, Betaine Anhydrous, Caffeine Anhydrous, Folate, Vitamin B6, Resveratrol, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B62024-11-29 10:47:42
Futurebiotics Pressur-Lo® -- 270 TabletsFuturebioticsVitamins & SupplementsVitamin C, Betaine HCl, Chloride, Chromium, CoQ10, calcium carbonate, Manganese, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, potassium chloride, Vitamin B6, Resveratrol, Vitamin A, Riboflavin, Rutin, Selenium, citrate, citrate, L-Taurine, Thiamin, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B62024-11-29 10:47:42
Gaia Herbs Resveratrol 150 -- 50 Vegan Liquid Phyto-CapsGaia HerbsVitamins & SupplementsTrans-Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Healthy Origins Fermented Resveratrol -- 300 mg - 150 Veggie CapsHealthy OriginsVitamins & Supplements Microcrystalline cellulose, Trans-Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Lifetime Lifegevity Series Resveratrol Acai and Co-Q10 -- 60 Vegetarian CapsulesLifetimeVitamins & Supplementscellulose, Coenzyme Q10, Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Mad Hippie Daily Protective Serum SPF 30 -- 1.02 fl ozMad HippieBeauty & Personal Carecaprylyl glycol, citric acid, cetearyl alcohol, citric acid, tocopherol, tocopherol, sodium gluconate, glycerin, glyceryl caprylate, propanediol, resveratrol, squalane2024-11-29 10:47:42
Mad Hippie Jelly Cleanser -- 4 fl ozMad HippieBeauty & Personal Carecaprylyl glycol, chamomile, tocopherol, decyl glucoside, ethylhexyl glycerin, tocopherol, phenethyl alcohol, resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Mad Hippie Luminizing Facial Mineral Sunscreen SPF 29+ -- 2 fl ozMad HippieBeauty & Personal Carecaprylyl glycol, citric acid, bisabolol, cetearyl alcohol, citric acid, tocopherol, behenyl alcohol, ethyl ferulate, tocopherol, sodium gluconate, glycerin, microcrystalline cellulose, niacinamide, propanediol, quercetin, resveratrol, squalane, titanium dioxide2024-11-29 10:47:42
Mad Hippie Sheer Tint Sun Serum SPF 29 Light-Medium -- 1.02 fl ozMad HippieBeauty & Personal Carecaprylyl glycol, maltose, bisabolol, cetearyl alcohol, tocopherol, decyl glucoside, ethyl ferulate, ferulic acid, tocopherol, sodium gluconate, glycerin, octyldodecanol, resveratrol, squalane2024-11-29 10:47:42
Mad Hippie Sheer Tint Sun Serum SPF 29 Medium-Dark -- 1.02 fl ozMad HippieBeauty & Personal Carecaprylyl glycol, maltose, bisabolol, cetearyl alcohol, tocopherol, decyl glucoside, ethyl ferulate, ferulic acid, tocopherol, sodium gluconate, glycerin, octyldodecanol, resveratrol, squalane2024-11-29 10:47:42
Momentous Essential Multivitamin - NSF Certified for Sport - 30 Servings -- 120 Vegetarian CapsulesMomentousProfessional SupplementsVitamin C, Benfotiamine, Biotin, Boron, Chromium, Folate, microcrystalline cellulose, Lycopene, Manganese, MK-7, MK-9, Molybdenum, Niacin, Pantethine, Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin B6, Quercetin, Trans-Resveratrol, Vitamin A, Riboflavin, Selenium, Thiamin, Vanadium, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Vitamin K2024-11-29 10:47:42
Nutri Resverperine+ Trans-Resveratrol with Black Pepper & Fisetin -- 1000 mg - 60 Vegan CapsulesNutriVitamins & SupplementsFisetin, Trans-Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Nutricost Resveratrol -- 700 mg - 120 CapsulesNutricostVitamins & Supplementscellulose, Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Thorne Research ResveraCel -- 60 CapsulesThorne ResearchProfessional SupplementsBetaine Anhydrous, leucine, Trans-Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Vena Spa Water Beauty Sleep Drink Powder Strawberry -- 20 Stick PacketsVenaVitamins & Supplements Citric acid, Biotin, Citric acid, Melatonin, Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Vitacost-Synergy Healthy Blood Sugar† with Resveratrol & Probiotics -- 60 CapsulesVitacost-SynergyVitamins & SupplementsChromium, Resveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42
Zhou Resveratrol -- 60 Veggie CapsulesZhouVitamins & SupplementsResveratrol2024-11-29 10:47:42

Roles (7)

RoleDescription
plant metaboliteAny eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms.
antioxidantA substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides.
phytoalexinA toxin made by a plant that acts against an organism attacking it.
radical scavengerA role played by a substance that can react readily with, and thereby eliminate, radicals.
quorum sensing inhibitorAny compound that interferes with bacterial communication (quorum sensing, QS).
phytoalexinA toxin made by a plant that acts against an organism attacking it.
antioxidantA substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides.
glioma-associated oncogene inhibitorAn inhibitor of any of the glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) proteins.
geroprotectorAny compound that supports healthy aging, slows the biological aging process, or extends lifespan.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (4)

ClassDescription
resveratrolA stilbenol that is stilbene in which the phenyl groups are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 4' by hydroxy groups.
stilbenolAny stilbenoid with at least one phenolic group.
polyphenolMembers of the class of phenols that contain 2 or more benzene rings each of which is substituted by at least one hydroxy group.
resorcinolsAny benzenediol in which the two hydroxy groups are meta to one another.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (7)

PathwayProteinsCompounds
Metabolism14961108
Biological oxidations150276
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds69175
pterostilbene biosynthesis16
resveratrol biosynthesis09
resveratrol degradation04
ATP biosynthesis4015
resveratrol biosynthesis111
Resveratrol biosynthesis16

Protein Targets (234)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.48130.003245.467312,589.2998AID2517
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency44.66840.044717.8581100.0000AID485294
Chain A, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency34.35210.025120.237639.8107AID886; AID893
Chain B, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency34.35210.025120.237639.8107AID886; AID893
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency29.73490.177814.390939.8107AID2147
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency2.98670.007215.758889.3584AID1224835; AID411; AID588342
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.18380.01846.806014.1254AID624417
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency20.51780.100020.879379.4328AID488773; AID588453
BRCA1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.58930.89137.722525.1189AID624202
ClpPBacillus subtilisPotency25.11891.995322.673039.8107AID651965
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency2.12080.006038.004119,952.5996AID1159521; AID1159523
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.68220.173734.304761.8120AID1346859
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.02720.004110.890331.5287AID493106; AID493107; AID504466; AID504467
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.01190.35487.935539.8107AID624146
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.68220.173734.304761.8120AID1346859
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.79160.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.10620.000714.592883.7951AID1259369; AID1259392
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.26640.180013.557439.8107AID1460; AID1468
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.00410.000221.22318,912.5098AID1259243; AID1259247; AID1259381; AID588515; AID588516; AID743035; AID743036; AID743040; AID743042; AID743054; AID743063
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.05600.013326.981070.7614AID1346978
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.82250.011212.4002100.0000AID1030
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.00137.762544.6684AID914; AID915
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.84860.000657.913322,387.1992AID1259377; AID1259378; AID1259394
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.49780.001022.650876.6163AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.55420.000417.946075.1148AID1346784; AID1346795
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.00300.531815.435837.6858AID504845
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.51140.01237.983543.2770AID1346984; AID1645841
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.07840.000214.376460.0339AID588533; AID720692
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency32.17830.003041.611522,387.1992AID1159552; AID1159553; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.78520.000817.505159.3239AID1159527
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.99830.001530.607315,848.9004AID1224819; AID1224820; AID1224821; AID1224823; AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.95470.375827.485161.6524AID743217
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.83410.005428.02631,258.9301AID1346982; AID1346985; AID720659
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.28830.000229.305416,493.5996AID1259244; AID1259248; AID1259383; AID588513; AID588514; AID743069; AID743075; AID743077; AID743078; AID743079; AID743080; AID743091
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency9.77170.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.48710.00108.379861.1304AID1645840
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency28.18380.00018.4406100.0000AID720579
ParkinHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.15820.819914.830644.6684AID720573
P53Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.11870.07319.685831.6228AID504706
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.28430.001024.504861.6448AID588534; AID588535; AID743212; AID743215
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.27250.001019.414170.9645AID588536; AID588537; AID743191
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.08990.023723.228263.5986AID743222
arylsulfatase AHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.37931.069113.955137.9330AID720538
pyruvate kinaseLeishmania mexicana mexicanaPotency17.78280.398113.744731.6228AID1721; AID1722
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.05600.013326.981070.7614AID1346978
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency32.64270.005210.865235.4813AID686970
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.94330.035520.977089.1251AID504332
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.64890.016525.307841.3999AID504836; AID602332
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.37580.000723.06741,258.9301AID651777; AID743085; AID743122
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.60870.001723.839378.1014AID743083
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency61.69050.001628.015177.1139AID1259385
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency42.29400.039147.5451146.8240AID1224845; AID1224896
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.11870.540617.639296.1227AID2364; AID2528
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproproteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.50680.036619.637650.1187AID2100
hexokinase-4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.38722.511913.800328.1838AID743205
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.98990.01262.451825.0177AID485313
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency42.561523.934123.934123.9341AID1967
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.76990.316212.443531.6228AID902; AID924
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.19720.001815.663839.8107AID894
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.00000.006026.168889.1251AID488953
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency112.20200.010039.53711,122.0200AID1479
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.98113.548119.542744.6684AID743266
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.79090.000323.4451159.6830AID743065; AID743067
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.03960.037617.082361.1927AID1259364; AID1259388
glucokinase regulatory proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.38722.511913.800328.1838AID743205
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.23870.000618.41981,122.0200AID2669
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency44.66840.022421.010289.1251AID485314
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.74910.00669.809418.4927AID1347050
ras-related protein Rab-9AHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.53700.00022.621531.4954AID485297
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.09130.00378.618923.2809AID2667; AID2668
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.31720.000627.21521,122.0200AID651741; AID720636; AID743202; AID743219
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.66840.050127.073689.1251AID588590
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency13.52930.15855.287912.5893AID493164; AID540303
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency13.52930.15855.287912.5893AID493164; AID540303
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency13.52930.15855.287912.5893AID493164; AID540303
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency11.30260.00798.23321,122.0200AID2546; AID2551; AID2762; AID2763
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.53040.004611.374133.4983AID493164; AID624296
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.12540.031622.3146100.0000AID588579
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.77710.125912.234435.4813AID1458
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.98110.031610.279239.8107AID884; AID885
M-phase phosphoprotein 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.15850.177824.735279.4328AID488949
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.81070.00419.962528.1838AID2675
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.02520.891312.067628.1838AID1459; AID1487
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.95260.316212.765731.6228AID881
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency31.09940.001557.789015,848.9004AID1259244
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.77170.00339.158239.8107AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.77170.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency49.97490.002319.595674.0614AID651631; AID720552
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.316211.415731.6228AID924
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.316211.415731.6228AID924
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.09940.001551.739315,848.9004AID1259244
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Endothelin receptor type BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.78280.562315.160931.6228AID1721
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Endothelin-1 receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.78280.562315.160931.6228AID1721
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency19.95260.00638.235039.8107AID881
D(1A) dopamine receptorSus scrofa (pig)Potency3.68980.00378.108123.2809AID2667
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.37100.026622.448266.8242AID651802
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Inositol monophosphatase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency10.00001.000010.475628.1838AID1457
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.95263.981146.7448112.2020AID720708
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.77170.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.97510.011917.942071.5630AID651632; AID720516
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.59310.011912.222168.7989AID588378; AID651632
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.98111.000012.224831.6228AID885
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.77170.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency9.52830.060110.745337.9330AID485368
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.73640.001310.157742.8575AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)212.0000212.00001,235.33332,000.0000AID977608
M18 aspartyl aminopeptidasePlasmodium falciparum 3D7IC50 (µMol)2.24200.385113.0782100.0000AID2195
VifHuman immunodeficiency virus 1IC50 (µMol)25.31000.270034.0015100.0000AID1117319
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)25.31000.270026.3638100.0000AID1117319
Aryl hydrocarbon receptorOryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)Ki0.37430.00770.23320.7850AID1798379; AID239550
AcetylcholinesteraseElectrophorus electricus (electric eel)IC50 (µMol)1,000.00000.00000.94539.9400AID1470910
Polyphenol oxidase 2Agaricus bisporusIC50 (µMol)45.95000.03403.987110.0000AID305160; AID493982; AID719277
Carbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.95000.00021.10439.9000AID501912
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)12.60000.00312.16029.6000AID1435567; AID1854423
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)15.37500.05102.47257.5000AID1467685; AID1467699
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)28.00000.00010.712810.0000AID264592
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.21000.00001.372610.0000AID501903
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.77000.00000.72369.9200AID501904
Myc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)60.00001.00005.73259.6700AID738187
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.57970.00000.42297.9070AID1798379; AID239674
Cytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)22.66670.00791.24789.9000AID1306441; AID1533723; AID1533724
Amyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.53750.00053.889510.0000AID1305341; AID1305342; AID1392707; AID1418623; AID1428599; AID1436091; AID1436093; AID1571122; AID1700052; AID1872722; AID759460; AID761463
Cytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)3.00000.00011.774010.0000AID625245
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Ovis aries (sheep)IC50 (µMol)2.02500.00032.177410.0000AID1278605; AID271286; AID289278; AID491617
Tyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)112.00000.00021.317310.0000AID164858
CholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)5.00000.00001.559910.0000AID1480847
Cathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)138.00000.00000.931610.0000AID1391984
Carbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)Ki9.09000.00022.010210.0000AID501905
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)13.65600.00041.877310.0000AID625207; AID641150
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki2.29300.00322.28879.3160AID625207
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)60.00000.00022.318510.0000AID264590
Luciferin 4-monooxygenasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)IC50 (µMol)0.05890.05893.142610.0000AID725947
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)8.15000.00011.753610.0000AID1534711; AID625251
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)Ki20.00000.00011.41629.9000AID589144
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.68500.00030.30952.3000AID271286; AID370920
DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)3.30001.00002.74294.3000AID1662436
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)4.90000.00011.68479.3200AID1570237
Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)289.00000.00051.28547.6500AID420374; AID420375
Breakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)28.00000.00030.620010.0000AID264592
TyrosinaseMus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)10.78000.03002.21045.2300AID1801525
AromataseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)30.22670.00001.290410.0000AID1390538; AID1770524; AID1798975; AID642091; AID650842; AID719271
AromataseHomo sapiens (human)Ki41.67000.00000.60469.5010AID650843
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)7.00000.00002.800510.0000AID625248
Ornithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)19.00003.40004.05004.7000AID378353
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.68500.00030.32092.3000AID271286; AID370920
TyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)985.17500.02304.459310.0000AID1611934; AID1717733; AID1717735; AID598386
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.39720.00271.62879.9000AID1281396; AID1281398; AID1391153; AID1566052; AID1798975; AID1799023; AID1826998; AID418720; AID459814; AID479979; AID587229; AID770333
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.08800.00650.04360.0880AID770334
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)525.00000.00053.49849.7600AID1647483; AID409730
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.50000.00011.97318.0000AID1182047
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)9.82970.00002.37899.7700AID1534711; AID1826663; AID1872746; AID625150
AcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)5.00000.00000.933210.0000AID1480845
Carbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.47000.00021.97209.9200AID501906
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)49.51380.00021.557410.0000AID258724; AID332217; AID370919; AID625243
Carbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.07000.00011.47109.9200AID501909
Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinalRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)400.00000.04001.848310.0000AID641148
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.31200.00081.541620.0000AID625207
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.29300.00031.465610.0000AID625207
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)22.23670.00001.89149.5700AID1534712; AID1826665; AID1872721
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.00060.00010.444410.0000AID1395903
ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)100.00006.00006.83338.2000AID603318
Nitric oxide synthase, inducibleMus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)20.46670.00103.39119.6000AID491613; AID650853; AID719267
Cytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)3.00000.00002.398310.0000AID625247
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki4.75000.00001.27259.9000AID501907
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)6.00460.00010.995010.0000AID1278606; AID1424466; AID289279; AID332218; AID370920; AID403340; AID491615
Carbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.35000.00021.37379.9000AID501910
Cannabinoid receptor 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)1,000.00000.00300.92943.2000AID409730
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Ovis aries (sheep)IC50 (µMol)3.49000.00101.453910.0000AID271287
CholinesteraseEquus caballus (horse)IC50 (µMol)400.00000.00002.22149.4000AID1470911
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.50000.00011.80888.0000AID1182047
Squalene synthaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)50.00000.00020.45434.2000AID1499671
Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.50000.00011.89818.8000AID1182047
Bcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)190.00000.00031.04829.5400AID481128
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)15.00000.00020.30012.5000AID1424461
Cytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)28.20000.00130.86969.9000AID1306443; AID1533710
Cytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.23170.00300.97417.4600AID1452978; AID1452983; AID1533726; AID1799522
Carbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.81000.00010.78749.9000AID502077
Tubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)IC50 (µMol)40.00000.25001.88388.7000AID228461
Lysosomal alpha-glucosidaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)400.00000.08002.50619.8500AID641146
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)6.19750.45003.42437.5000AID1272520; AID1272522; AID1272530; AID1272531
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1 Bos taurus (cattle)IC50 (µMol)40.00000.25001.87798.7000AID228461
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1 Bos taurus (cattle)IC50 (µMol)40.00000.25001.86568.7000AID228461
Carbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.09000.00031.23099.8000AID501913
Carbonic anhydrase 15Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki9.36000.00091.884610.0000AID501915
Carbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.83000.00021.50999.9000AID501914
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki4.64000.00001.34129.9700AID501908
large T antigenBetapolyomavirus macacaeIC50 (µMol)26.20000.160024.9724100.0000AID1903
Carbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.13000.00021.10439.9000AID657374
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.18000.00001.372610.0000AID657368
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.75000.00000.72369.9200AID657370
Carbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)Ki6.75000.00022.010210.0000AID657376
Carbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.01000.00021.97209.9200AID657377
Carbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.63000.00011.47109.9200AID657379
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.86000.00001.27259.9000AID657384
Carbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.98000.00021.37379.9000AID657380
Carbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)Ki9.53000.00010.78749.9000AID657372
Carbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.25000.00031.23099.8000AID657381
Carbonic anhydrase 15Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki2.57000.00091.884610.0000AID657383
Carbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.95000.00021.50999.9000AID657382
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.24000.00001.34129.9700AID657378
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, Troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac musclesHomo sapiens (human)Kd243.0000243.0000243.0000243.0000AID977611
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)5.20300.05905.559627.2100AID1241
transcription factor p65 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)5.20300.05905.559627.2100AID1241
serine/threonine-protein kinase 33 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)12.33000.769114.609644.8900AID2821
POsterior SegregationCaenorhabditis elegansEC50 (µMol)300.00002.201047.1808186.6810AID1964
Estrogen receptor betaMus musculus (house mouse)EC50 (µMol)5.20300.05905.559627.2100AID1241
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)30.00000.00033.166210.0000AID1467684
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.47000.00301.348210.0000AID1452013
Amyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)Kd38.50001.90001.90001.9000AID1399537
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.05400.00406.755688.9030AID770330
Protein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)5,780.00000.00950.33070.9100AID614623
Estrogen receptorMus musculus (house mouse)EC50 (µMol)5.20300.05905.559627.2100AID1241
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)163.13100.082031.0243168.9080AID1960
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)5.40000.06002.61679.9000AID1339465
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)300.00000.16000.16000.1600AID331041
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)52.33330.16001.05432.9000AID331040; AID735922; AID735925
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)177.59500.17001.71003.2500AID1780359; AID331042
Zinc finger protein mex-5Caenorhabditis elegansEC50 (µMol)163.13100.082033.5679168.9080AID1960
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALRHomo sapiens (human)AC504.02100.00503.212622.7870AID493248
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)CD21.00000.54001.15331.6800AID1826670
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1Mus musculus (house mouse)CD29.28570.00020.23892.6500AID1182051; AID491526; AID642329; AID650846; AID719273; AID719274; AID719275
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)Activity48.00000.16000.98001.8000AID347335
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)EC1.5 (µMol)46.13330.16000.16000.1600AID1440193; AID1896329; AID349547
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (1146)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
lipid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migrationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
prostate gland developmentPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of epithelial cell differentiationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chemokine productionPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathwayPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cyclePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of growthPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
hepoxilin biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
endocannabinoid signaling pathwayPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
cannabinoid biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipoxin A4 biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
linoleic acid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipid oxidationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipoxygenase pathwayPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
estrous cycleCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
chloride ion homeostasisCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombinationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein ubiquitinationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localizationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
DNA repair-dependent chromatin remodelingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IILysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuroblast proliferationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IILysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
protein demethylationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transitionLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron projection developmentLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex developmentLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
neuron maturationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell sizeLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IILysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
guanine metabolic processLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
muscle cell developmentLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathwayLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
response to fungicideLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMPLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stem cell proliferationLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodelingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transportTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular calcium ion homeostasisTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to coldTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic substanceTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compoundTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of painTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
calcium-mediated signalingTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to painTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
thermoceptionTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of painTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of painTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein homotetramerizationTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transmembrane transportTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to organic substanceTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of phospholipase C activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neural tube closureTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
B-1 B cell homeostasisTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferation involved in immune responseTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
transitional one stage B cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
mismatch repairTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
associative learningTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
post-embryonic developmentTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of autophagyTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell migrationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum morphogenesisTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell-cell adhesionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
microspike assemblyTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament polymerizationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of endocytosisTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell adhesionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
BMP signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of BMP signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of axon extensionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of microtubule polymerizationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transductionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of type II interferon productionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-2 productionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of osteoblast proliferationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreadingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
response to endoplasmic reticulum stressTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein modification processTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosisTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neuropilin signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damageTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
endothelial cell migrationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstrictionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitotic cell cycleTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitotic cell cycleTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IITyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-beta T cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein autophosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
spleen developmentTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
thymus developmentTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
activated T cell proliferationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular process controlling balanceTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of oxidoreductase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
myoblast proliferationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assemblyTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of localization in cellTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial depolarizationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of focal adhesion assemblyTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
Bergmann glial cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell proliferationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neuroepithelial cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA conformation changeTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulusTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
response to epinephrineTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesisTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell adhesionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dendrite developmentTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreadingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of extracellular matrix organizationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
podocyte apoptotic processTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to dopamineTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of establishment of T cell polarityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
DN4 thymocyte differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization to cytoplasmic microtubule plus-endTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of microtubule bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of actin filament bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of modification of synaptic structureTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood vessel branchingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase C activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombinationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell motilityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic processTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell migrationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular senescenceTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
morphogenesis of an epitheliumCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergicCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular pH reductionCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
angiotensin-activated signaling pathwayCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of monoatomic anion transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
secretionCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular pHCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dipeptide transmembrane transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
carbon dioxide transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expression via chromosomal CpG island methylationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascadeMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesisMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodelingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular iron ion homeostasisMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle processMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of telomere maintenanceMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascadeMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein-DNA complex disassemblyMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
fibroblast apoptotic processMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of monocyte differentiationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
chromosome organizationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell divisionMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of telomerase activityMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase IIMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
response to growth factorMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of somatic stem cell population maintenanceMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagyInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT proteinInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-betaInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replicationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic processInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine productionInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
humoral immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicityHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independentHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergyHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
defense responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacteriumHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 productionHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 productionHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicityHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiationHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class IbHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
signal transductionTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
purine nucleobase metabolic processTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
antral ovarian follicle growthEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell developmentEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodelingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
androgen metabolic processEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
male gonad developmentEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phospholipase C activityEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathwayEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathwayEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to estradiolEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathwayEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic processEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activityEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to estrogenEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferationEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferationEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
stem cell differentiationEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory responseEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activityEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assemblyEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
uterus developmentEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
vagina developmentEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
prostate epithelial cord elongationEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
prostate epithelial cord arborization involved in prostate glandular acinus morphogenesisEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesisEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
mammary gland branching involved in pregnancyEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
mammary gland alveolus developmentEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell proliferation involved in mammary gland duct elongationEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein localization to chromatinEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to estradiol stimulusEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic processEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to estrogen stimulusEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein localizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replicationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespanCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substanceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-rayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
viral processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signalingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomeraseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiodCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibioticCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behaviorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell deathCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-CCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin DCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shuntCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to organic cyclic compoundCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylationCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
steroid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
porphyrin-containing compound metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
amine metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to nematodeCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to herbicideCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
ethylene metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
coumarin metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
flavonoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to iron(III) ionCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
insecticide metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
dibenzo-p-dioxin catabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to foodCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin ACytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to immobilization stressCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
camera-type eye developmentCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
nitric oxide metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to arsenic-containing substanceCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
digestive tract developmentCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
tissue remodelingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to hyperoxiaCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
maternal process involved in parturitionCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
hepatocyte differentiationCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to copper ionCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
response to 3-methylcholanthreneCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cognitionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycleAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
microglial cell activationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
suckling behaviorAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
astrocyte activation involved in immune responseAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of translationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular copper ion homeostasisAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
endocytosisAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activityAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Notch signaling pathwayAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
axonogenesisAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
learning or memoryAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
learningAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
mating behaviorAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
locomotory behaviorAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
axo-dendritic transportAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
adult locomotory behaviorAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
visual learningAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycleAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
microglia developmentAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
axon midline choice point recognitionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron remodelingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite developmentAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of Wnt signaling pathwayAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix organizationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
forebrain developmentAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projection developmentAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chemokine productionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta productionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor productionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathwayAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of multicellular organism growthAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron differentiationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glycolytic processAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitotic cell cycleAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JNK cascadeAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
astrocyte activationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticityAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
collateral sprouting in absence of injuryAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory responseAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synapse structure or activityAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
synapse organizationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of calcium-mediated signalingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular process controlling balanceAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junctionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein metabolic processAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasisAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1Amyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potentialAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathwayAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of spontaneous synaptic transmissionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolic mRNA polyadenylationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amyloid-betaAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of presynapse assemblyAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of amyloid fibril formationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projection maintenanceAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell migrationAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
central nervous system developmentAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate junction assemblyIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid storageIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
response to activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
smooth muscle cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid transportIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrinIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrinIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of osteoblast proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
heterotypic cell-cell adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreadingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
tube developmentIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing, spreading of epidermal cellsIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
wound healingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic cell clearanceIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bone resorptionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone resorptionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cellIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
mesodermal cell differentiationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipoprotein metabolic processIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative chemotaxisIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of serotonin uptakeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis involved in wound healingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet aggregationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulation, fibrin clot formationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of postsynaptic specialization structureIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trappingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreadingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of trophoblast cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of extracellular matrix organizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic processIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
porphyrin-containing compound metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
toxin biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
post-embryonic developmentCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
lung developmentCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
methylationCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
monocarboxylic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular respirationCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cadmium ionCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular zinc ion homeostasisTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
hemopoiesisTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
platelet activationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell costimulationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesionTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell activationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
leukocyte migrationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of lymphocyte activationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesionTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
learningCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
neuroblast differentiationCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
peptide hormone processingCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
response to alkaloidCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
cocaine metabolic processCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmissionCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoidCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
response to folic acidCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
choline metabolic processCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine catabolic processCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
autophagosome assemblyCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
proteolysisCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class IICathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor recyclingCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
lipoprotein catabolic processCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of establishment of protein localizationCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
insulin catabolic processCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
response to bacteriumCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycleATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid translocationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
terpenoid transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of response to osmotic stressATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide translocationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of anion channel activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrierATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte migrationIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesionIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathwayIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell adhesionIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrinIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylationCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
androgen metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciolCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
DNA repairDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repairDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA synthesis involved in UV-damage excision repairDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA synthesis involved in DNA repairDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA replicationDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA replication, synthesis of primerDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA replication initiationDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replicationDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
leading strand elongationDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
lagging strand elongationDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA repairDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joiningDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of type I interferon productionDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic DNA replication initiationDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferationPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory responsePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory responsePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukotriene production involved in inflammatory responsePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukotriene metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
humoral immune responsePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of angiogenesisPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukotriene biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
lipoxygenase pathwayPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone mineralizationPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell migrationPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasisPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fat cell differentiationPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory responsePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responsePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretionPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular wound healingPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of wound healingPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response to woundingPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory responsePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to oxidative stressPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukotriene A4 biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of response to endoplasmic reticulum stressPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of sprouting angiogenesisPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cellPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
lipoxin biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
lipid oxidationPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
proteolysisLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic processLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to zinc ionLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukotriene biosynthetic processLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein metabolic processLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
peptide catabolic processLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to peptide hormoneLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
type I pneumocyte differentiationLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular extravasationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
renal system processBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
phagocytosisBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
small GTPase-mediated signal transductionBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
brain developmentBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
keratinocyte differentiationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of Rho protein signal transductionBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
inner ear morphogenesisBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of vascular permeabilityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neutrophil degranulationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neutrophil degranulationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion assemblyBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
homeostasis of number of cellsBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responseBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phagocytosisBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular process controlling balanceBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transductionBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
definitive hemopoiesisBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of respiratory burstBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of blood vessel remodelingBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular protein transmembrane transportBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
activation of GTPase activityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
macrophage migrationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage migrationBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of chronic inflammatory responseAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
steroid biosynthetic processAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
estrogen biosynthetic processAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
androgen catabolic processAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
syncytium formationAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxisAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
sterol metabolic processAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
female genitalia developmentAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
mammary gland developmentAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
uterus developmentAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
prostate gland growthAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
testosterone biosynthetic processAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of estradiol secretionAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
female gonad developmentAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
response to estradiolAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
urea metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
monocarboxylic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
amide metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
kidney developmentOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
polyamine metabolic processOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to virusOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
putrescine biosynthetic process from ornithineOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein catabolic processOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosineTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
eye pigment biosynthetic processTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
visual perceptionTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to UVTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to blue lightTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin DTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
melanin biosynthetic processTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
thymus developmentTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to cAMPTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
pigmentationTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
quinone catabolic processRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
desmosome assemblyProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodelingProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic nuclear membrane disassemblyProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell migrationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophyProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-serine phosphorylationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-threonine phosphorylationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migrationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathwayProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic processProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of mRNA stabilityProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migrationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
post-translational protein modificationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage differentiationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone resorptionProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell adhesionProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitotic cell cycleProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1Protein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of platelet aggregationProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic signaling pathwayProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathwayProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesisProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JUN kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of endocytosisTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular protein transportTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to unfolded proteinTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor recyclingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of MAP kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
growth hormone receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation involved in inactivation of protein kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor catabolic processTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
JNK cascadeNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid storageNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activityNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic processNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cholesterol transportNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of interleukin-12 productionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
response to muscle stretchNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responseNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein metabolic processNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
mammary gland involutionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to nicotineNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-1Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-6Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to dsRNANuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathwayNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-17Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virusNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
antibacterial innate immune responseNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic processNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to angiotensinNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA metabolic processNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to stressNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
biogenic amine metabolic processAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of signal transductionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine catabolic processAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleftAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of receptor recyclingAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
osteoblast developmentAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine catabolic processAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
nervous system developmentAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
synapse assemblyAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
receptor internalizationAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergicAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
amyloid precursor protein metabolic processAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein secretionAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
retina development in camera-type eyeAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
bicarbonate transportCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin biosynthetic processProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressureProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cyclooxygenase pathwayProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferationProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxificationProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter tasteCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to painSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptakeSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
sodium ion transmembrane transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substanceAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
response to aluminum ionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
response to selenium ionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of serotonin secretionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
phenylethylamine catabolic processAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
substantia nigra developmentAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine catabolic processAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dopamine metabolic processAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic processAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
response to corticosteroneAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral fear responseDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysisDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassemblyDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
peptide hormone processingDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cellDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
T cell costimulationDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrinDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
locomotory exploration behaviorDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
psychomotor behaviorDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activationDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
endothelial cell migrationDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cellDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cellDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
negative chemotaxisDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
membrane fusionDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neutrophil chemotaxisDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
glucagon processingDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
signal transductionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
female pregnancyADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron projection developmentADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
artery smooth muscle contractionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD metabolic processADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell growthADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell proliferationADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiolADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to retinoic acidADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to progesteroneADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to hydroperoxideADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferationADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of bone resorptionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstrictionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
long-term synaptic depressionADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic signaling pathwayADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin biosynthetic processProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
learningProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
memoryProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressureProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to nematodeProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to fructoseProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to manganese ionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor productionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cyclooxygenase pathwayProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
bone mineralizationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic processProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fever generationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic plasticityProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergicProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiolProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin DProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to heatProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to tumor necrosis factorProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of blood-brain barrierProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleusProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
hair cycleProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic processProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cycleProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstrictionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle contractionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle contractionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
decidualizationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory responseProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
brown fat cell differentiationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoidProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transportProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergicProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to fatty acidProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lead ionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ATPProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stressProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fluid shear stressProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta productionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesisProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor productionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor productionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxificationProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuroinflammatory responseProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stressProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to homocysteineProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to angiotensinProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergicCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular pH reductionCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transportCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular pHCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glucose metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of steroid metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to sterolNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of circadian rhythmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fat cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
adipose tissue developmentNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
T-helper 17 cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
follicular dendritic cell differentiationNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
germinal center formationNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix organizationNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
rhythmic processNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
spleen developmentNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to stressNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-8 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of amyloid-beta formationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IITranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
liver developmentTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
hair follicle developmentTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to tumor cellTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
acetaldehyde metabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin organizationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IITranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular defense responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
animal organ morphogenesisTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to UV-BTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of angiogenesisTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein catabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to muramyl dipeptideTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to progesteroneTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-12 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-8 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to insulinTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein sumoylationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to cobalaminTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to muscle stretchTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
prolactin signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein catabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to amino acidTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IITranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to cAMPTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipoteichoic acidTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to peptidoglycanTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to nicotineTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-1Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-6Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
postsynapse to nucleus signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
antiviral innate immune responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to angiotensinTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cellTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA metabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to stressTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
neutrophil homeostasiscAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cAMP catabolic processcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
neutrophil chemotaxiscAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of type II interferon productioncAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-2 productioncAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor signaling pathwaycAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
leukocyte migrationcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharidecAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimuluscAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to epinephrine stimuluscAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwaycAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cardiac muscle cell contractioncAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of relaxation of cardiac musclecAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channelcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cAMP-mediated signalingcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptorsBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
ovarian follicle developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
endocytosisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
spermatogenesisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
male gonad developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic mitochondrial changesBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
fertilizationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cytokinesisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
ectopic germ cell programmed cell deathBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of growthBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell proliferationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to cycloheximideBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell proliferationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of developmental processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amino acid stimulusBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to alkaloidBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process in bone marrow cellBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
hepatocyte apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reproductive processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascadeSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell migrationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathwaySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodelingSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
exocytosisSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migrationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of microtubule polymerizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathwaySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosisSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
wound healingSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JUN kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein autophosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathwaySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor signaling pathwaySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tubeSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection morphogenesisSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assemblySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in contact inhibitionSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of microtubule nucleationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization to cytoplasmic stress granuleSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of axonogenesisSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MAPK cascadeSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron projection developmentNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitinationNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood coagulationNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responseNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
PERK-mediated unfolded protein responseNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migrationNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of innate immune responseNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cell redox homeostasisNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of embryonic developmentNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin catabolic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glucose importNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to copper ionNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fluid shear stressNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to laminar fluid shear stressNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ferroptosisNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
integrated stress response signalingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular response to hypoxiaNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to oxidative stressNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiationNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glutathione biosynthetic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERAD pathwayNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to angiotensinNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migrationNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of removal of superoxide radicalsNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to organic cyclic compoundCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
trabecular meshwork developmentCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA modificationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
nitric oxide biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to nutrientCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
male gonad developmentCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stressCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
toxin metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor productionCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migrationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
sterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
collagen fibril organizationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
adrenal gland developmentCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migrationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to follicle-stimulating hormoneCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiolCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrinCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
benzene-containing compound metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
retinal metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
blood vessel endothelial cell migrationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
endothelial cell migrationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
estrous cycleCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of translationCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane lipid catabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to arsenic-containing substanceCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
blood vessel morphogenesisCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
retinal blood vessel morphogenesisCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
ganglion developmentCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMPCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to luteinizing hormone stimulusCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cortisol stimulusCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to progesterone stimulusCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to dexamethasoneCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
endothelial cell-cell adhesionCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to indole-3-methanolCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to toxic substanceCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathwayCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to 3-methylcholanthreneCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
morphogenesis of an epitheliumCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
response to testosteroneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
secretionCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule-based processTubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)
nervous system developmentTubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)
positive regulation of axon guidanceTubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
rDNA heterochromatin formationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein deacetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic nuclear membrane reassemblyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of exit from mitosisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of autophagyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
substantia nigra developmentNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
myelination in peripheral nervous systemNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
heterochromatin formationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
subtelomeric heterochromatin formationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of myelinationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-lysine deacetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
epigenetic regulation of gene expressionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein catabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of phosphorylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
post-translational protein modificationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular lipid catabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NLRP3 inflammasome complex assemblyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fat cell differentiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of meiotic nuclear divisionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of striated muscle tissue developmentNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cell divisionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
meiotic cell cycleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to redox stateNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell divisionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochoreNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to caloric restrictionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to epinephrine stimulusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
tubulin deacetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of oocyte maturationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assemblyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of satellite cell differentiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
calcium-ion regulated exocytosisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of exocytosisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle cycleRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
single strand break repairNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
rDNA heterochromatin formationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine dimer repair by nucleotide-excision repairNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA synthesis involved in DNA repairNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
ovulation from ovarian follicleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular glucose homeostasisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adaptive immune responseNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin organizationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein deacetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
triglyceride mobilizationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
spermatogenesisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic cell cycleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
muscle organ developmentNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to starvationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of centrosome duplicationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol effluxNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of lipid storageNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of glucose metabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macroautophagyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitinationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-lysine acetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
macrophage differentiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
heterochromatin formationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein destabilizationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of TOR signalingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
response to insulinNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
leptin-mediated signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular triglyceride homeostasisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of phosphorylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
response to hydrogen peroxideNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to starvationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migrationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
response to leptinNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fat cell differentiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gluconeogenesisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA repairNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cycleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by glucoseNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
white fat cell differentiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of nucleus locationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid homeostasisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage cytokine productionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid biosynthetic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
UV-damage excision repairNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of brown fat cell differentiationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
stress-induced premature senescenceNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
energy homeostasisNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein depropionylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA repair-dependent chromatin remodelingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to heatNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediatorNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein acetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adipose tissue developmentNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factorNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage apoptotic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular response to testosterone stimulusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular senescenceNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescenceNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of double-strand break repairNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell proliferationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear DNA replicationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damageATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
isotype switchingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replicationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypesATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloadingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transitionATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor internalizationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of translationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA metabolic processAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
P-body assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA transportAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodelingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
protein deacetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
aerobic respirationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-lysine deacetylationNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of superoxide dismutase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of catalase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ceramide biosynthetic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
response to bacteriumCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
estrous cycleCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
chloride ion homeostasisCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
morphogenesis of an epitheliumCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergicCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular pH reductionCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
angiotensin-activated signaling pathwayCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of monoatomic anion transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
secretionCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular pHCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dipeptide transmembrane transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
carbon dioxide transportCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
response to bacteriumCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
bicarbonate transportCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter tasteCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergicCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular pH reductionCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transportCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular pHCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
morphogenesis of an epitheliumCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
response to testosteroneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
secretionCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
response to bacteriumCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
one-carbon metabolic processCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (328)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
iron ion bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 8(S)-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
telomeric DNA bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor coactivator activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
demethylase activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
histone demethylase activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
histone H3K4 demethylase activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
histone H3K9 demethylase activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
MRF bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear androgen receptor bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
telomeric repeat-containing RNA bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
FAD-dependent H3K4me/H3K4me3 demethylase activityLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
transcription factor bindingLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
calcium channel activityTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
channel activityTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellularly gated calcium channel activityTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
temperature-gated cation channel activityTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
supercoiled DNA bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
magnesium ion bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
four-way junction DNA bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
bubble DNA bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphotyrosine residue bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
actin monomer bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
SH3 domain bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
syntaxin bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
manganese ion bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neuropilin bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
SH2 domain bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
mitogen-activated protein kinase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
proline-rich region bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
delta-catenin bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
arylesterase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
hydro-lyase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cyanamide hydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
arylesterase activityCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cyanamide hydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coregulator bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein dimerization activityMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
E-box bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
SCF ubiquitin ligase complex bindingMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cytokine activityInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activityInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
TAP bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
TAP bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
hormone activityTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
thyroid hormone bindingTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
TFIIB-class transcription factor bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coregulator bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription corepressor bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
steroid bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
calmodulin bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
beta-catenin bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
TBP-class protein bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nitric-oxide synthase regulator activityEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear estrogen receptor activityEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear estrogen receptor bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
estrogen response element bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ATPase bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on diphenols and related substances as donorsCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
flavonoid 3'-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
Hsp70 protein bindingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
demethylase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
Hsp90 protein bindingCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid omega-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid omega-1 hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activityAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
heparin bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
transition metal ion bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
receptor ligand activityAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
PTB domain bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase bindingAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor activator activityAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
fibroblast growth factor bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
C-X3-C chemokine bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
insulin-like growth factor I bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
neuregulin bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
fibronectin bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein disulfide isomerase activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
coreceptor activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion molecule bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
demethylase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase activityCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
phosphotyrosine residue bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase activator activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
SH2 domain bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
CD4 receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
CD8 receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
ATPase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
amyloid-beta bindingCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
catalytic activityCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
acetylcholinesterase activityCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
cholinesterase activityCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activity, acting on ester bondsCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
choline bindingCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activityCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
peptidase activityCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
aspartic-type peptidase activityCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
aspartic-type endopeptidase activityCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
nickel cation bindingCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylcholine floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activityIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
quinine 3-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 23-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-directed DNA polymerase activityDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA replication origin bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
single-stranded DNA bindingDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 12(S)-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 8(S)-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
aminopeptidase activityLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
epoxide hydrolase activityLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukotriene-A4 hydrolase activityLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
peptidase activityLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
tripeptide aminopeptidase activityLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
metalloaminopeptidase activityLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activator activityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activityAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activityAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
heme bindingAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid epoxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid 14,15-epoxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid 11,12-epoxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
ornithine decarboxylase activityOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
tyrosinase activityTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
dihydronicotinamide riboside quinone reductase activityRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activityRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donorsRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
chloride ion bindingRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
FAD bindingRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
melatonin bindingRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
resveratrol bindingRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) activityRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase activityProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
calcium,diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
histone H3T6 kinase activityProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activityProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
diacylglycerol bindingProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cadherin bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coregulator activityNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
actinin bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
primary amine oxidase activityAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
aliphatic amine oxidase activityAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
monoamine oxidase activityAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide bindingAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
amyloid-beta bindingAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
acetylcholinesterase activityAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
cholinesterase activityAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
collagen bindingAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activityAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
serine hydrolase activityAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine bindingAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
laminin bindingAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
peroxidase activityProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activityProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygenProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
actin bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-tubulin bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
beta-tubulin bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
primary amine oxidase activityAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activityAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
aliphatic amine oxidase activityAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
monoamine oxidase activityAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide bindingAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activityDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
aminopeptidase activityDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type endopeptidase activityDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type peptidase activityDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
dipeptidyl-peptidase activityDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
chemorepellent activityDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+ nucleosidase activityADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
transferase activityADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generatingADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphorus-oxygen lyase activityADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid omega-1 hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid epoxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
peroxidase activityProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activityProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygenProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
oxysterol bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
ligand-activated transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
peptide bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
phosphate ion bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
actinin bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
ankyrin repeat bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activitycAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
calcium channel regulator activitycAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cAMP bindingcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
gamma-tubulin bindingcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter bindingcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase activitycAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
BH3 domain bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
BH domain bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
small GTPase bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
collagen bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
gamma-tubulin bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
transcription coregulator bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
molecular condensate scaffold activityNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase activityCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NAD(P)H as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)
protein heterodimerization activityTubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)
NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein lysine deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent protein lysine deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
histone acetyltransferase bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
tubulin deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone H4K16 deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+ bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent protein demyristoylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent protein depalmitoylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
transcription factor bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein-macromolecule adaptor activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
small GTPase bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription corepressor activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone H3K14 deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein lysine deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent protein lysine deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
histone bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
HLH domain bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
bHLH transcription factor bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone H3K9 deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone H4K16 deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
mitogen-activated protein kinase bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
lysine-acetylated histone bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-propionyllysine depropionylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
histone H4K12 deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
histone H3K deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone decrotonylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
keratin filament bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+ bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloader activityATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent protein lysine deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
NAD+ bindingNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
NAD-dependent histone deacetylase activityNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
arylesterase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
hydro-lyase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cyanamide hydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
arylesterase activityCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cyanamide hydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
nickel cation bindingCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
carbonate dehydratase activityCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (187)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nucleusPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeletonPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
adherens junctionPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
membranePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
chromosome, telomeric regionLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
DNA repair complexLysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
stereocilium bundleTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)
ruffleTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeletonTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
dendriteTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
growth coneTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
postsynapseTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
myelin sheathCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
apical part of cellCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
apical part of cellCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleolusMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Myc-Max complexMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription repressor complexMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexMyc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complexHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
azurophil granule lumenTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
membraneEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
euchromatinEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusEstrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replication forkCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
PML bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand breakCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membraneCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope lumenAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membraneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
endosomeAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
early endosomeAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumenAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
smooth endoplasmic reticulumAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi lumenAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi-associated vesicleAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
clathrin-coated pitAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junctionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicleAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
membraneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicleAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
axonAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
growth coneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule lumenAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular junctionAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
endosome lumenAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi network membraneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
ciliary rootletAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic spineAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic shaftAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
perikaryonAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
apical part of cellAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
synapseAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zoneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
spindle midzoneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
recycling endosomeAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
receptor complexAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
early endosomeAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAmyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junctionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
filopodium membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
microvillus membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphav-beta3 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
melanosomeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
glycinergic synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-PKCalpha complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-IGF-1-IGF1R complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-HMGB1 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-vitronectin complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM8 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)
pericentriolar materialTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
immunological synapseTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope lumenCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumenCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
blood microparticleCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceCholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
collagen-containing extracellular matrixCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomal membraneCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
endosome membraneCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
endosome lumenCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
specific granule lumenCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
melanosomeCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomal lumenCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
collagen-containing extracellular matrixCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
tertiary granule lumenCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule lumenCathepsin DHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membraneIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complexIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
blood microparticleIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin complexIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelopeDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
alpha DNA polymerase:primase complexDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nucleolusDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spacePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelopePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope lumenPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear membranePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
secretory granule lumenPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule lumenPolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelopePolyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
tertiary granule lumenLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule lumenLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusLeukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic densityBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
membraneBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
axonBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic spineBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapseBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
membraneBreakpoint cluster region proteinHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
membraneAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumAromataseHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)
cellular_componentOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmOrnithine decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi-associated vesicleTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
melanosome membraneTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
melanosomeTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolRibosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)
ciliary basal bodyProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membraneProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-PKCalpha complexProtein kinase C alpha typeHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial cristaTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endosome lumenTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
sorting endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membraneGlutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
extracellular regionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
secretory granule lumenNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
specific granule lumenNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
I-kappaB/NF-kappaB complexNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB p50/p65 complexNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
basement membraneAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
membraneAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular junctionAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic cleftAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
synapseAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
side of membraneAcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
rough endoplasmic reticulumCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartmentCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi networkCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
transport vesicle membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
brush border membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
photoreceptor outer segmentProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionProstaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
axonSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial envelopeAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
lysosomal membraneDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
membraneDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodiumDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
endocytic vesicleDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium membraneDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculusDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneDipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membraneProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear outer membraneProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumenProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
caveolaProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProstaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
nucleusNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
Bcl3/NF-kappaB2 complexNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB p50/p65 complexTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB complexTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomecAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesiclecAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic densitycAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
Z disccAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic spinecAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
excitatory synapsecAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
gamma-tubulin complexcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated calcium channel complexcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
nucleuscAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
Bcl-2 family protein complexBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
ruffleSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
chromosomeSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin filamentSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junctionSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
intercalated discSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
Z discSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodiumSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
axonSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
dendriteSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSerine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)
mediator complexNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane-bounded organelleNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complexNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein-DNA complexNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
microvillus membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-2B chainBos taurus (cattle)
chromosome, telomeric regionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
chromosomeNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
centrioleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
spindleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
microtubuleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
growth coneNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
midbodyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
paranodal junctionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
paranode region of axonNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
perikaryonNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
myelin sheathNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
lateral loopNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
Schmidt-Lanterman incisureNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
juxtaparanode region of axonNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
meiotic spindleNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell projectionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
heterochromatinNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin silencing complexNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
myelin sheathCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapseRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
fibrillar centerInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
ESC/E(Z) complexNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
fibrillar centerNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelopeNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membraneNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
PML bodyNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
eNoSc complexNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
euchromatinNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
heterochromatinNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin silencing complexNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
rDNA heterochromatinNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membraneNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)
Elg1 RFC-like complexATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi networkAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
membraneAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complexAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
myelin sheathCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
apical part of cellCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
apical part of cellCarbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
rough endoplasmic reticulumCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartmentCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi networkCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
transport vesicle membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
brush border membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceCarbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
microvillus membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
myelin sheathCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCarbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCarbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (2208)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID540299A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21
Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID588519A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities2011Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3
High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588461High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, Validation compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588461High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, Validation compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588461High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, Validation compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588459High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, Validation compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588459High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, Validation compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588459High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, Validation compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588460High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, Validation Compound Set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588460High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, Validation Compound Set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588460High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, Validation Compound Set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347411qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1346800Human Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (1C. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors)2014Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology, May-26, Volume: 15, Issue:8
Resveratrol and its metabolites bind to PPARs.
AID1345206Human COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase)2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID396591Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania braziliensis MHOM/BR/75/M2903 promastigotes assessed as lysis of promastigotes at 100 ug/ml after 72 hrs2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 43, Issue:9
Activity of a hydroxybibenzyl bryophyte constituent against Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi: in silico, in vitro and in vivo activity studies.
AID359119Reversal of induction of BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by Western blot in presence of ICI-1827802007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1884053Antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1676774Induction of membrane perturbation in DC22:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as effect on potential of mean force by measuring reduction in deltaG for gramicidin mixture monomer to dimer and pure gramicidin-bilayer by fluorescence quenching assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID340412Inhibition of NO release in LPS-stimulated rat cortical microglial cells assessed as nitrite accumulation at 30 uM after 48 hrs relative to LPS2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Alkaloids from the leaves of Uncaria rhynchophylla and their inhibitory activity on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia.
AID331068Reduction of blood glucose level in DIO C57BL/6 mouse model at 500 mg/kg, po after 4 weeks2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID331077Activation of human SIRT1 assessed as decrease in Km of enzyme for acetylated peptide substrate by mass spectrometry assay2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID549851Neuroprotective activity in mouse HT22 cells assessed as protection against glutamate-induced oxytosis after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to resveratrol2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID724377Antioxidant activity in planer lipid bilayer membrane assessed as reduction in 100 uM DPPH-induced charge transfer resistance at 50 uM by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID735490Activation of SIRT1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in doxorubicin-induced acetyl-p53 level at >100 uM after 6 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID1278613Antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced BALB/c mouse paw edema model assessed as decrease in paw volume at 20 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 6 hrs by plethysmometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1347866Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced reactive oxygen species generation in human A375 cells at 25 uM after 4 hrs by DCFDA staining-based fluorescence assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID359545Effect on vascular endothelial growth factor B gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1298302Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1378332Inhibition of self-induced Amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) aggregation at 25 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138Design, synthesis and evaluation of coumarin-pargyline hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidases and amyloid-β aggregation for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1238825Retention time of the compound in C57BL/6J mouse intestine content treated with RAH at 200 mg/kg, ig by HPLC-CEAD analysis2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
Novel Resveratrol-Based Aspirin Prodrugs: Synthesis, Metabolism, and Anticancer Activity.
AID746976Half life in human2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 23, Issue:10
A new synthesis of 4'-resveratrol esters and evaluation of the potential for anti-depressant activity.
AID738195Inhibition of smad3/4 signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of TGF-beta induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1371368Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID667227Cytotoxicity against human 850C cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID719275Induction of quinone reductase-1 activity in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID1168364Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in IFN-gamma level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose 2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID479118Cell cycle arrest in human H460 cells assessed as accumulation at G2/M phase at 20 uM after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometry2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 18, Issue:10
Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of stilbene-coumarin hybrid compounds: Identification of novel proapoptotic agents.
AID1399533Permeability of the compound at 100 ug/ml after 10 hrs by artificial membrane permeability assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:16
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-acridone analogues as potential dual inhibitors for amyloid-beta and tau aggregation.
AID1311766Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as PGE2 levels at 5 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 33.2 +/- 2.33 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1245575Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell survival at 100 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 23, Issue:19
Deprotometalation-iodolysis and computed CH acidity of 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles. Application to the synthesis of resveratrol analogues.
AID440568Inhibition of human MSC senescence assessed as appearance of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase positive cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by optic microscopy relative to control2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-10, Volume: 52, Issue:17
Study of 1,4-dihydropyridine structural scaffold: discovery of novel sirtuin activators and inhibitors.
AID650843Competitive inhibition of human aromatase using dibenzylfluorescein substrate after 10 mins preincubation measured every 10 sec for 5 mins by Michaelis-Menten and Dixon plot analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID359296Effect on alkaline phosphatase 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1461520Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS free radical scavenging activity by measuring trolox equivalents after 6 mins2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 27, Issue:15
Synthesis and evaluation of hydroxychalcones as multifunctional non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
AID1430684Tmax in Wistar rat at 20 mg/kg, po by HPLC-MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID726359Antioxidant activity against CCl4-induced oxidative hepatic injury Wistar albino rat model assessed as effect on liver cytosolic catalase activity per mg protein at 100 mg/kg, ip for 7 consecutive days prior to CCL4 challenge measured 24 hrs post CCl4 cha2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID359052Reversal of increase in ER.DNA complex in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector at 1 uM by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID637958Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G12 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1264956Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 1 uM treated for 6 days measured on day 7 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 96 to 101%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID768928Inhibition of human thrombin amidolytic activity using D-Phe-Pip-Arg-pNA as substrate at 0.1 to 1000 uM preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 12 secs for 10 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2014Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 23Thrombin inhibitory activity of some polyphenolic compounds.
AID549841Antagonist activity at estrogen receptor in human Ishikawa cells assessed as inhibition of estradiol-induced alkaline phosphatase expression at 1 uM after 72 hrs relative to ICI1827802011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID359298Effect on bone gamma carboxyglutamate protein 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID259476Cytotoxicity against human pancreatic carcinoma FG2 cell line by MTT assay at 100 uM2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2
Rapid synthesis of triazole-modified resveratrol analogues via click chemistry.
AID1354540Antiinflammatory activity in mouse J774 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
Natural Stilbenoids Have Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Vivo and Down-Regulate the Production of Inflammatory Mediators NO, IL6, and MCP1 Possibly in a PI3K/Akt-Dependent Manner.
AID655171Cytotoxicity against human QSG7701 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID1480848Inhibition of human serum BuChE at 5 uM using butylthiocholine chloride as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 2 mins by DTNB reagent based spectrophotometric method relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID1534712Inhibition of human MAO-B preincubated for 15 mins followed by p-tyramine substrate addition and measured after 20 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Synthesis and evaluation of isoprenylation-resveratrol dimer derivatives against Alzheimer's disease.
AID331052Activation of human SIRT1-F (230-664) construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID1632198Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID617266Radioprotective activity against 0 to 7 Gy gamma radiation-induced death in mouse 32Dcl3 cells at 10 uM treated 1 hr prior to irradiation after 7 days by microscopy2011ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-25, Volume: 2, Issue:4
The Use of 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Pro-drug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death.
AID1362649Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM measured on day 10 by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 100 +/- 7.83%)
AID1298352Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of G to C transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing me2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1354538Inhibition of PI3K/Akt in mouse J774 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 after 4 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
Natural Stilbenoids Have Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Vivo and Down-Regulate the Production of Inflammatory Mediators NO, IL6, and MCP1 Possibly in a PI3K/Akt-Dependent Manner.
AID1609867Inhibition of insulin-induced SGK1 in human HUH7 cells at 100 uM using peptide as substrate incubated for 6 hrs by scintillation counter method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1611502Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 200 uM incubated for 60 mins by spectrophotometric method relative to control2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID501913Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 13 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID1385449Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs in presence of OBHS by MTT assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-27, Volume: 61, Issue:18
Novel Hybrid Conjugates with Dual Suppression of Estrogenic and Inflammatory Activities Display Significantly Improved Potency against Breast Cancer.
AID1884085Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus LMG 8224 at 128 uM measured upto 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1371370Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID359513Effect on integrin beta 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1632197Cytotoxicity against human MHRF cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID491617Inhibition of sheep seminal vesicles COX1 assessed as PGE2 production after 10 mins by ELISA2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1632220Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human MDAH 2774 cells after 24 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID359338Effect on fibroblast growth factor 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1718918Cytotoxicity against human MNNG/HOS cells incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-24, Volume: 63, Issue:24
Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Inhibitors in Oncology-A Promise for a Better Therapeutic Outcome: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.
AID1884071Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as cellular metabolism incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1718917Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human MNNG/HOS cells to IC50 for human MG-63 cells2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-24, Volume: 63, Issue:24
Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Inhibitors in Oncology-A Promise for a Better Therapeutic Outcome: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.
AID1878993Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as dead cells at 50 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 3.09 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1357647Lipid lowering activity in zebrafish embryos at 5 uM by Nile red fat metabolism assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-10, Volume: 151Lipid reducing activity and toxicity profiles of a library of polyphenol derivatives.
AID1203642Cell cycle arrest in human Bel7402 cells assessed as cells accumulation at G1 phase at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 62.60%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1611499Photoprotection activity against UV radiation assessed as ratio of UVA to UVB2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID416361Inhibition of Fe(2+)/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocyte ghosts assessed as inhibition of malondialdehyde formation per mg of protein at 2 uM after 30 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID716923Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells assessed as suppression of cell viability after 72 hrs2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID692948Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in Lgr5 mRNA level at 100 uM after 36 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1609874Antiproliferative activity against human HuH7 cells overexpressing SGK1 assessed as reduction in cell viability at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue dye based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID610232Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction in disease activity index at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 8 days co-administered with DSS measure on day 82010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID359180Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human U937 cells at >100 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of sodium-free buffer2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1371373Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID638159Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G39 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID458150Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065 after 20 hrs by plate dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID458146Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis NCTC 9811 at 100 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID1309162Binding affinity to Fe2+ using FeCl2 at 20 uM after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID730560Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced biting behavior at 300 ug/site, administered intrathecally2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID730566Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced spontaneous nociception at 300 ug/site, administered as intrathecally2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1298413Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in U5-gag level at 50 uM measured at 12 to 72 hrs post infection by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID638156Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G27 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID730563Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced spontaneous nociception at 300 ug/site, icv2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID738175Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID377036Ex vivo inhibition of leukotriene formation in calcium ionophore activated human neutrophilic granulocyte by ELISA2005Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 68, Issue:1
Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis by stilbenoids from Stemona species.
AID1281402Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 111Non-symmetrical furan-amidines as novel leads for the treatment of cancer and malaria.
AID1371380Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1362639Inhibition of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM measured on day 3 by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 100 +/- 17.24%)
AID359072Increase in proliferation of rat primary osteoblast cells at 0.1 to 10 uM after 24 hr by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1054190Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as A to G mutation at 50 uM (Rvb = 22%)2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID359500Effect on fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID762885Induction of mitochondrial biogenesis in H2O2-induced HUVEC at 100 umol/L pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by MitoTracker Red staining-based assay2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID1418634Disaggregation of Fe3+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils assessed as remaining amyloid beta aggregation level at 75 mM after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID359533Effect on secreted acidic cysteine rich glycoprotein gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1220762Clearance in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg administered intraarterially by LC-MS/MS analysis2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Oct, Volume: 40, Issue:10
In vivo-formed versus preformed metabolite kinetics of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate and trans-resveratrol-3-glucuronide.
AID416673Cytotoxicity against mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID1054847Inhibition of human recombinant TTR Y78F mutant-mediated fibrillogenesis at 40 uM after 30 mins by turbidimetric assay relative to control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 56, Issue:22
Modulation of the fibrillogenesis inhibition properties of two transthyretin ligands by halogenation.
AID1430687Apparent clearance in Wistar rat at 20 mg/kg, po by HPLC-MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID406773DPPH radical scavenging activity at 50 uM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-10, Volume: 51, Issue:13
Efficient synthesis and neuroprotective effect of substituted 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones.
AID359066Effect on scavenger receptor B2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID491621Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activity expressed in HEK293 cells at 34 uM after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to control2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID587229Inhibition of human quinone reductase 2 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as N-methyldihydronicotinamide oxidation per mg of protein after 1 hr by LC-MS analysis analysis2011Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2
Bioactive compounds from the fern Lepisorus contortus.
AID1362634Metal chelating activity assessed as compound-Cu2+ adduct formation at 20 uM by spectrophotometric titration analysis
AID359302Increase in bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID654122Antioxidant activity assessed as scavenging of superoxide anions after 10 mins by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts.
AID738198Inhibition of Stat3 signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of IL-6 induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID528473Binding affinity to amyloid beta (1 to 40) in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse brain by fluorescence titration analysis2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-25, Volume: 53, Issue:22
Phenolic bis-styrylbenzenes as β-amyloid binding ligands and free radical scavengers.
AID1065384Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurium after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Small azobenzene derivatives active against bacteria and fungi.
AID749801Antiproliferative activity against BAEC after 3 days by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Inhibition of VEGF expression in cancer cells and endothelial cell differentiation by synthetic stilbene derivatives.
AID1879021Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir assessed as increase in HGF expression at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by Western blot analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID416366Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID294482Cytotoxicity against mouse Hepa 1c1c7 cells assessed as cell viability at 25 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6
Quinone reductase induction activity of methoxylated analogues of resveratrol.
AID549852Cytotoxicity against mouse HT22 cells assessed as cell viability at 1 uM after 3 days by LDH release assay relative to control2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID359312Effect on CD36 antigen gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID639320Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori MD6 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID459814Inhibition of human recombinant NQO2 by spectrophotometry2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
Triazoloacridin-6-ones as novel inhibitors of the quinone oxidoreductases NQO1 and NQO2.
AID1372020Antioxidant activity assessed as Trolox equivalents of photolysis-induced methyl radical scavenging activity using DMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID359084Increase in osteocalcin levels in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by ELISA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID365325Activity for Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) prenyltransferase assessed as formation of 5-(4-hydroxystyryl)-2-((E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)benzene-1,3-diol2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic syntheses of prenylated aromatic small molecules using Streptomyces prenyltransferases with relaxed substrate specificities.
AID1362756Antiinflammatory activity in Balb/c mouse ear edema model assessed as inhibition of croton oil-induced ear edema at 0.1 mg/ear administered topically immediately post croton oil treatment and measured after 4 hrs relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID692946Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in c-Myc mRNA level at 100 uM after 36 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID377455Estrogenic activity in human MCF7 cells assessed as drug level causing stimulation of cell proliferation equivalent to 10 pM estradiol by alamar blue assay2005Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 68, Issue:3
Phenolic constituents of the rhizomes of the Thai medicinal plant Belamcanda chinensis with proliferative activity for two breast cancer cell lines.
AID1261079Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells assessed inhibition of cell proliferation after 2 days by MTT assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID1872756Antioxidant activity assessed as Fe2+/ascorbate-induced MDA level in liver mitochondria (unknown origin) preincubated for 30 mins followed by addition of Fe2+/ascorbate measured after 30 mins2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID726368Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID1173640Antiproliferative activity against human COLO205 cells by MTT assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of 2-hydroxylated (E)-stilbenes.
AID1354542Antiinflammatory activity in mouse J774 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced MCP1 expression after 24 hrs by ELISA2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
Natural Stilbenoids Have Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Vivo and Down-Regulate the Production of Inflammatory Mediators NO, IL6, and MCP1 Possibly in a PI3K/Akt-Dependent Manner.
AID1519070Antimelanogenic activity against C57BL/6 mouse B16F10 cells at 50 uM incubated for 72 hrs relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID692941Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells at 10 uM for 2 days by vi-cell cell viability analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1571124Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalents of AAPH radical scavenging activity at 20 uL preincubated for 10 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every min for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay2018MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11
Discovery of boron-containing compounds as Aβ aggregation inhibitors and antioxidants for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1210972AUC (0 to infinity) in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg, iv2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID1328101Neuroprotective activity in human SK-N-SH cells assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced injury by measuring cell survival at 10 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by glutamate addition measured after 4 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2016Journal of natural products, 08-26, Volume: 79, Issue:8
Regiospecific Prenylation of Hydroxyxanthones by a Plant Flavonoid Prenyltransferase.
AID1826665Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using tyramine as substrate by fluorescence assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID1884102Hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes at 128 uM incubated for 1 hrs2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID365338Ratio of Kcat to Km of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) prenyltransferase assessed as formation of 5-(4-hydroxystyryl)-2-((E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)benzene-1,3-diol2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic syntheses of prenylated aromatic small molecules using Streptomyces prenyltransferases with relaxed substrate specificities.
AID692956Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells at 10 uM for 4 days by vi-cell cell viability analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID638148Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori NS23 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1309171Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID667226Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID1647484Inhibition of PTP1B (unknown origin) assessed as decrease in p-nitrophenolate formation using using pNPP as substrate by Dixon plot analysis2020Journal of natural products, 02-28, Volume: 83, Issue:2
Stilbenes with Potent Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Inhibitory Activity from the Roots of
AID1609868Inhibition of SGK1 in human HuH7 cells assessed as reduction in insulin-induced MDM2 phosphorylation on Ser166 at 100 uM incubated for 6 hrs by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1238815Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 24 hrs by MTT assay2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
Novel Resveratrol-Based Aspirin Prodrugs: Synthesis, Metabolism, and Anticancer Activity.
AID1309178Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM after 3 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1371465Induction of DOPC/n-decane bilayer property changes assessed as concentration required to double gramicidin-induced quencher influx rate by single-channel electrophysiology method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1632205Cytotoxicity against human MHRF cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1298409Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of G to C transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1347865Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical scavenging activity at 25 uM after 15 mins2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID359105Increase in BMP2 mRNA levels in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM by RT-PCR method2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1173643Antiproliferative activity against human MGC803 cells by MTT assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of 2-hydroxylated (E)-stilbenes.
AID1371454Plasma concentration in mouse at 100 mg/kg, po at 60 mins by LC-MS/MS method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID264601Induction of differentiation of human HL60 cells at 10 uM measured as expression of granulocytic marker CD11c after 4 days2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID638060Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G50 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID287091Cytotoxicity against human KB cells after 48 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2
Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of a series of resveratrol derivatives modified in C2 position.
AID1298429Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Gag mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing method (Rvb = 18.4%)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID493982Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 20, Issue:16
A newly synthesized, potent tyrosinase inhibitor: 5-(6-hydroxy-2-naphthyl)-1,2,3-benzenetriol.
AID247275In vitro growth inhibitory concentration against human colon cancer cell line HCT 1162005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
Synthesis, antitumor evaluation, and apoptosis-inducing activity of hydroxylated (E)-stilbenes.
AID432151Inhibition of heat killed Escherichia coli K12-induced NF-kappaB activation in HEK293 cells expressing TLR2 pretreated for 1 hr before 6 hrs heat killed bacterial stimulation by luciferase reporter gene assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID725750Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
Novel Aza-resveratrol analogs: synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines.
AID359065Effect on procollagen 4 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359499Effect on fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID638057Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 3Cb isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1428606Binding affinity to Cu2+ assessed as disaggregation of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation by measuring Cu2+-amyloid beta (1 to 42) complex fluorescence at 75 uM treated 24 hrs after Cu2+ addition measured after 24 hrs incubation under dark co2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID1884067Antibacterial activity against Clostridium perfringens CECT376 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID132501Inhibitory activity against nitric oxide production in LPS-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages2000Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-21, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Effects of stilbene constituents from rhubarb on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages.
AID639325Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G39 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1437808Hepatotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability at 5 to 50 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Tacrine-resveratrol fused hybrids as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1347858Inhibition of tyrosinase in mouse B16 cells assessed as effect on alpha-MSH-induced melanin formation at 25 uM after 24 hrs relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID719266Antioxidant activity of compound assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID738186Inhibition of Myc signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1609876Induction of apoptosis in human HuH7 cells transfected with ShSGK1 assessed as early apoptosis at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by annexin V and 7-AAD staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1437789Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase isolated from human red blood cells at 10 uM using acetylthiocholine as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 2 mins by Ellman's method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Tacrine-resveratrol fused hybrids as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID432157Inhibition of heat killed Staphylococcus aureus 209P-induced TNF alpha production in mouse RAW264.7 cells at 1 to 100 uM after 6 hrs by ELISA2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID510194Vasorelaxant activity in Wistar rat aortic rings assessed as reduction in KCL-induced contractile tone in presence of tetraethylammonium chloride2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis of heterocycle-based analogs of resveratrol and their antitumor and vasorelaxing properties.
AID359187Inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake in human U937 cells by scintillation spectrometry in presence of sodium-free buffer2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1173642Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells by MTT assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of 2-hydroxylated (E)-stilbenes.
AID719268Inhibition of LPS-induced iNOS activity in mouse RAW 264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of NO production at 50 uM pretreated with compound for 30 mins before LPS challenge after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID699925Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells expressing CXCR4 assessed as infected host cells at 20 uM preincubated for 2 hrs prior to infection followed by compound wash out post infection measured after 48 hrs by single round replic2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 22, Issue:21
Anti-HIV-1 activity of resveratrol derivatives and synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 by the combination of resveratrol and decitabine.
AID674916Antioxidant activity assessed as singlet 1O2 oxygen quenching activity after 2 mins by EPR spectrometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 22, Issue:17
The antioxidant effect of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1203661Induction of apoptosis in human Bel7402 cells assessed as detection error cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 0.43%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1420925Antibacterial activity against Arcobacter butzleri after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1632227Pro-oxidative activity in human DU145 cells assessed as increase in H2O2 mediated DCF formation at 25 to 100 uM preincubated with DCFH-DA for 30 mins followed by compound treatment for 3 hrs by fluorescence analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID432164Inhibition of phagocytosis of heat killed FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in HEK293 at 100 uM by after 1 hr2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID501907Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 5a after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID284121Antiamyloidogenic activity assessed as inhibition of beta amyloid (25-35) fibril formation after 6 hrs2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2
Inhibitory activity of stilbenes on Alzheimer's beta-amyloid fibrils in vitro.
AID403341Inhibition of COX12005Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 68, Issue:7
Expanding the ChemGPS chemical space with natural products.
AID1879012Downregulation of miR-190a-5p expression in TGF-beta induced C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic incubated for 4 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID359319Effect on procollagen 4 alpha 4 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1168359Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in hepatic lesion at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose o2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID719269Inhibition of TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activity expressed in HEK293 cells by luciferase reporter gene assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID359186Inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake in human U937 cells by Michaelis-Menten plot2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1705585Cytoprotective activity against H2O2-induced cell death in human PC-12 cells assessed as cell viability at 10 uM incubated for 0.5 hrs followed by H2O2 stimulation and measured after 2 hrs by MTT assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Preparation, characterization, antioxidant evaluation of new curcumin derivatives and effects of forming HSA-bound nanoparticles on the stability and activity.
AID1298440Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Pol mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subseque2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1188902Inhibition of recombinant firefly luciferase at 0.0001 to 100 uM by absorption spectroscopy in presence of varying concentration of D-luciferin2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-14, Volume: 5, Issue:8
Total Synthesis and Biological Studies of TMC-205 and Analogues as Anticancer Agents and Activators of SV40 Promoter.
AID510193Vasorelaxant activity in Wistar rat aortic rings assessed as reduction in KCL-induced contractile tone at 30 uM2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis of heterocycle-based analogs of resveratrol and their antitumor and vasorelaxing properties.
AID1314127Toxicity in rat thymocytes assessed as increase in cell death at 100 uM measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID1060591Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 71Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imine resveratrol derivatives as multi-targeted agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1298336Reduction in dRGU-TP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID432141Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in ratio of number of bacterial cells to phagocytes using trypan blue staining by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID501906Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 4 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID1306407Upregulation of SIRT-1 gene expression in human epidermal full thickness skin cultures at 1 % after 24 hrs by real time PCR analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Synthesis and skin gene analysis of 4'-acetoxy-resveratrol (4AR), therapeutic potential for dermal applications.
AID1435566Inhibition of recombinant full length LSD1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE) using H3K4me2 substrate at 10 uM by fluorescence assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126Discovery of resveratrol derivatives as novel LSD1 inhibitors: Design, synthesis and their biological evaluation.
AID1573651Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in NQO-1 mRNA expression at 6 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID639332Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 4Cb isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID637949Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 3Cb isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID639244Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori 328 KM isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1676792Induction of membrane perturbation in DC22:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as fluorescence quench rate by measuring gramicidin mixture monomer to dimer equilibrium at 30 uM by fluorescence quenching assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID639245Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G12 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1198741Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-glucosidase2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93Antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidase by hydroxyl-functionalized 2-arylbenzo[b]furans.
AID1203663Induction of apoptosis in human Bel7402 cells assessed as apoptotic cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 0.73%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID147031The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae (bacteria)2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1306411Upregulation of elastin gene expression in human epidermal full thickness skin cultures at 1 % after 24 hrs by real time PCR analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Synthesis and skin gene analysis of 4'-acetoxy-resveratrol (4AR), therapeutic potential for dermal applications.
AID1632218Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human DU145 cells after 24 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID455036Cytotoxicity against human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID713096Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated L-DOPA oxidation assessed as decrease in dopachrome formation at 100 uM incubated 30 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 60 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1347863Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced TRP-1 expression in human A375 cells at 25 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID359295Reduction in anchorage-independent colony formation of human MDA-MB-231 cells at 1 uM by soft agar colony forming assay2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1261107Down regulation of c-Myc gene expression in human MCF7 cells at 10 ug/mL after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID1423291Neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced toxicity in human SK-N-SH cells assessed as cell viability at 10 uM pretreated for 4 hrs followed by glutamate challenge measured after 4 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 67.7 +/- 1.1%)2018Journal of natural products, 11-26, Volume: 81, Issue:11
Methylated Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives from Hypericum ascyron.
AID359509Effect on integrin alpha 2b gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1331318Antioxidant activity assessed as inhibition of peroxyl radical-induced oxidation at 10 uM by ORAC assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 27, Issue:2
Synthesis and application of β-carbolines as novel multi-functional anti-Alzheimer's disease agents.
AID359069Reversal of induction in nuclear translocation of ERalpha in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector at 1 uM2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID761463Inhibition of amyloid beta (1-42) self-mediated aggregation (unknown origin) after 5 days by thioflavin T fluorescence method2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66Syntheses and evaluation of novel isoliquiritigenin derivatives as potential dual inhibitors for amyloid-beta aggregation and 5-lipoxygenase.
AID1278611Antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced BALB/c mouse paw edema model assessed as decrease in paw volume at 10 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 6 hrs by plethysmometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1498850Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 2 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 2 mins by Ellman's method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-30, Volume: 26, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel bivalent β-carboline derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1467686Inhibition of human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in AITC-induced calcium influx at 10 uM preincubated for 6 mins followed by AITC addition measured for 1 min by Fluo-4 dye-based assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
Synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as new analgesic drugs through desensitization of the TRPA1 receptor.
AID738177Inhibition of Wnt signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of Wnt3a induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1884056Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis LMG 16216 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID359332Effect on colony stimulating factor 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID719276Induction of quinone reductase-1 activity in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells assessed as induction ratio after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID432136Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID458148Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis NCTC 9811 at 400 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID1062134Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 assessed as repression of csgG expression at 20 ug/ml after 5 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1070113Allosteric modulation of rat GABAA alpha1beta2gamma2S receptor expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as potentiation of GABA-induced chloride ion current at holding potential -70 mV at 100 uM by two-microelectrode voltage clamp assay relative to GA2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4
Identification of dihydrostilbenes in Pholidota chinensis as a new scaffold for GABAA receptor modulators.
AID1884074Bactericidal activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 at 128 uM measured upto 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1420919Antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID82982In vitro inhibitory concentration against proliferation of HL60 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of resveratrol and analogues as apoptosis-inducing agents.
AID1306442Inhibition of recombinant human CYP1B1 expressed in Escherichia coli DH5aplha cells assessed as O-deethylation of ethoxyresorufin in presence of NADPH at 100 uM measured after 2 mins by spectrofluorometric method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Aryl morpholino triazenes inhibit cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1.
AID638061Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G21b isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1333788Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition at 100 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID359282Reversal of increase in ER.DNA complex in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing small interfering RNA for FOXA1 protein at 1 uM by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1261096Down regulation of hTERT gene expression in human HT-29 cells at 10 ug/mL after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID491526Inhibition of quinone reductase 1 in mouse Hepa 1c1c7 cells assessed as drug level required to double enzyme activity by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID637965Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori Ma01 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID617269Radioprotective activity against 9.75 Gy gamma radiation-induced death in C57BL/6NHsd mouse assessed as increase in survival rate at 1 mg/kg, ip administered 10 mins prior to irradiation2011ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-25, Volume: 2, Issue:4
The Use of 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Pro-drug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death.
AID638153Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori MDO21 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1420928Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical scavenging activity by measuring trolox equivalence of antioxidant capacity at 1 uM up to 24 hrs by spectrophotometric analysis2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1298348Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of C to A transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing me2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1608144Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Nrf2 nuclear translocation by measuring increase in ratio of nuclear to cytosolic Nrf2 level by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID420376Inhibition of ionomycin-stimulated LTB4 production in human whole blood treated 15 mins prior to ionomycin challenge measured after 30 mins of stimulation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15
Discovery of leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors using metabolomics biased fragment crystallography.
AID1083154Antifungal activity against Diplodia seriata BoF98-1 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID331051Activation of human SIRT1-E (225-664) construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID1632196Cytotoxicity against human MDAH 2774 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1557207Antibiofilm activity against Streptococcus mutans assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation2019MedChemComm, Jul-01, Volume: 10, Issue:7
Targeting
AID1662942Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity by spectrophotometric analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 30, Issue:13
Synthesis, biological evaluation of benzothiazole derivatives bearing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID455041Inhibition of tubulin polymerization2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID432163Inhibition of DC-SIGN expression in HEK293 cells expressing DC-SIGN at 100 uM by Western blot analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID977602Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID404304Effect on human MRP2-mediated estradiol-17-beta-glucuronide transport in Sf9 cells inverted membrane vesicles relative to control2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Prediction and identification of drug interactions with the human ATP-binding cassette transporter multidrug-resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2; ABCC2).
AID388250Antiproliferative activity against human CNE1 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 16, Issue:23
The design, synthesis, and anti-tumor mechanism study of N-phosphoryl amino acid modified resveratrol analogues.
AID1552788Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS/IFNgamma-induced NO production by measuring NO level preincubated for 2 hrs and followed by LPS/IFNgamma addition and measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 29, Issue:17
Comparative analysis of stilbene and benzofuran neolignan derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities.
AID608336Antibacterial activity against 1 x 10'4 cfu/mL methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 700699 after 24 hrs by NCCLS M7-A6 microtiter broth dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 46, Issue:8
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new benzofuran derivatives.
AID617268Radioprotective activity against 9.75 Gy gamma radiation-induced death in C57BL/6NHsd mouse assessed as survival rate at 10 mg/kg, ip administered 10 mins prior to irradiation2011ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-25, Volume: 2, Issue:4
The Use of 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Pro-drug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death.
AID770333Inhibition of human quinone reductase 2 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) using N-methyldihydronicotinamide as co-substrate2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 21, Issue:19
Design, synthesis, biological and structural evaluation of functionalized resveratrol analogues as inhibitors of quinone reductase 2.
AID1362742Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at >= 100 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID359064Effect on procollagen 8 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1878984Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as late apoptotic cells at 10 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 12.12 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID637957Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori 328 KM isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1362645Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM measured on day 3 by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 100 +/- 0.14%)
AID1632223Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human MDAH 2774 cells after 48 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1062140Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 by spectrophotometry2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1372033Antioxidant activity assessed as rate constant for singlet oxygen scavenging activity in aqueous solution by EPR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID1383209Antineuroinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-1beta production after 24 hrs by ELISA2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 149Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of compounds with a new scaffold as anti-neuroinflammatory agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID667228Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID1298384Reduction in 5-aza-dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID402269Antioxidant activity against beta-carotene and linoleic acid assessed as inhibition of bleaching of beta-carotene at 120 mins by autooxidation assay2004Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 67, Issue:5
Yucca schidigera bark: phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity.
AID482994Inhibition of amyloid beta 25-35 fibril formation at 10 uM by using UV-visible measurements and electron microscopy analysis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
New stilbene dimers against amyloid fibril formation.
AID1424461Inhibition of recombinant human PAK1 by ADP-Glo kinase assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 142From bench (laboratory) to bed (hospital/home): How to explore effective natural and synthetic PAK1-blockers/longevity-promoters for cancer therapy.
AID1676772Induction of membrane perturbation in DC18:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as effect on potential of mean force by measuring reduction in deltaG for gramicidin mixture monomer to dimer and pure gramicidin-bilayer by fluorescence quenching assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID713109Activation of mushroom tyrosinase assessed as dopachrome formation after 60 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID420373Solubility in methanol2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15
Discovery of leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors using metabolomics biased fragment crystallography.
AID638049Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G39 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID434720Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8
Synthesis of novel trans-stilbene derivatives and evaluation of their potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.
AID359076Increase in ALP activity in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 0.1 to 10 uM after 7 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID614080Antibacterial activity against Bacillus brevis ATTC 9999 at 10 mg/ml after 24 to 72 hrs by agar diffusion method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 19, Issue:17
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of (E) stilbene derivatives.
AID719277Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID1371457Tmax in mouse at 100 mg/kg, po by HPLC method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID359554Inhibition of induction of ALP activity in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of noggin2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1879017Inhibition of apoptosis in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID475505Binding affinity to amyloid beta (1 to 42) oligomers by change in fluorescence at 100 uM after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 19, Issue:17
A chemical screening approach reveals that indole fluorescence is quenched by pre-fibrillar but not fibrillar amyloid-beta.
AID1256181Decrease in lasR gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 at 400 uM by RT-PCR analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID730557Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced increase of c-Fos expression in brain cortex at 100 mg/kg, po by immunohistochemistry analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID762890Effect on p53 expression in H2O2-induced HUVEC pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by immunoblotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID719279Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate at 1 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID1430688Half life in human hepatocytes at 5 uM by LC-MS/MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID359525Effect on matrix metalloprotease 8 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID458143Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065 at 400 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID1502974Reduction in LDL in swine with metabolic syndrome and myocardial ischemia2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140Lipid lowering agents of natural origin: An account of some promising chemotypes.
AID1238827Retention time of the compound in C57BL/6J mouse colon treated with RAH at 200 mg/kg, ig by HPLC-CEAD analysis2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
Novel Resveratrol-Based Aspirin Prodrugs: Synthesis, Metabolism, and Anticancer Activity.
AID1256177Antibacterial activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 at 400 uM measured every 2 hrs for 24 hrs by microplate reader analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID406774DPPH radical scavenging activity at 100 uM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-10, Volume: 51, Issue:13
Efficient synthesis and neuroprotective effect of substituted 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones.
AID1467684Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of calcium influx at 30 uM after 6 mins by Fluo-4 dye-based assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
Synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as new analgesic drugs through desensitization of the TRPA1 receptor.
AID549838Activity at AhR expressed in mouse H1L1.1c2 cells co-expressing XRE assessed as increase of benzo[b]fluoranthene-induced luciferase gene expression at 1 uM after 72 hrs2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1298289Reduction in dGTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID359297Effect on annexin A5 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359519Effect on MAD homolog 6 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1347864Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced TRP-2 expression in human A375 cells at 25 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID1272522Antagonist activity at rat TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of allyl isothiocyanate-induced increase of intracellular calcium level2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
TRPA1 channels as targets for resveratrol and related stilbenoids.
AID642340Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID404418Spasmolytic activity in guinea pig terminal ilea relative to resveratrol2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11
Benzanilides with spasmolytic activity: chemistry, pharmacology, and SAR.
AID359285Inhibition of IGF-induced Akt phosphorylation in human MDA-MB-231 cells by Western blot2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1878995Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as decrease in cleaved-caspase-3 expression at 10 to 50 uM by Western blot analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1480842Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-aggregation at 20 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID1607891Inhibition of COX2 (unknown origin) at 0.01 mM using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by arachidonic acid addition measured after 2 mins by ELISA relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 179Human disorders associated with inflammation and the evolving role of natural products to overcome.
AID1309161Binding affinity to Zn2+ using ZnCl2 at 20 uM after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1225524Reduction in thickness of epithelium tissue in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Hematoxylin and eosin staining based microscopy2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID610299Increase in Lactobacilli count in C57BL/6J mouse distal colon mucosa with DSS-induced colon inflammation at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dosing for 6 days in ab2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1647485Noncompetitive inhibition of PTP1B (unknown origin) assessed as decrease in p-nitrophenolate formation using using pNPP as substrate by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis2020Journal of natural products, 02-28, Volume: 83, Issue:2
Stilbenes with Potent Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Inhibitory Activity from the Roots of
AID667234Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID359062Reversal of increase in pBMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by luciferase method in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID735924Activation of N-terminal His6-tagged SIRT1 (156 to 664 amino acid residues) (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) using ac-RHKKac-AMC as substrate at 50 uM after 45 mins by fluorimetric analysis relative to control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID1309183Inhibition of preformed self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM after 4 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1607883Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 179Human disorders associated with inflammation and the evolving role of natural products to overcome.
AID332218Inhibition of COX22002Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 65, Issue:2
Constituents of the bark and twigs of Artocarpus dadah with cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity.
AID234681Free radical scavenging activity of DPPH w.r.t. resveratrol was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-19, Volume: 14, Issue:2
Syntheses and radical scavenging activities of resveratrol derivatives.
AID455035Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID491619Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activity expressed in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1826663Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A by fluorescence assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID620727Antiproliferative activity against human SK-N-SH cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-13, Volume: 54, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of resveratrol-based nitrovinylstilbenes as antimitotic agents.
AID468347Antiadipogenic activity against mouse 3T3L1 cells assessed as inhibition of differentiation after 7 days by oil-red O staining2009Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 72, Issue:10
Identification of antiadipogenic constituents of the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides.
AID1652957Inhibition of Sirtuin (unknown origin)2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 161An overview of Sirtuins as potential therapeutic target: Structure, function and modulators.
AID378683Inhibition of PKD2006Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 69, Issue:1
A common protein fold topology shared by flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes and therapeutic targets.
AID471946Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Antineoplastic agents. 579. Synthesis and cancer cell growth evaluation of E-stilstatin 3: a resveratrol structural modification.
AID359506Effect on insulin-like growth factor 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1281400Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 111Non-symmetrical furan-amidines as novel leads for the treatment of cancer and malaria.
AID1486518Inhibition of acid-induced wild type transthyretin (unknown origin) aggregation expressed in Escherichia coli pre-incubated for 30 mins before acid addition and further incubated for 72 hrs at 37 degC under dark conditions by UV-Vis spectrophotometry2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 27, Issue:15
Semi-quantitative models for identifying potent and selective transthyretin amyloidogenesis inhibitors.
AID667232Cytotoxicity against human Lipo cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID359321Effect on procollagen 6 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID320802Inhibition of beta amyloid 25-35 fibril formation2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
New polyphenols active on beta-amyloid aggregation.
AID359556Inhibition of antiapoptotic activity in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of BMP2-specific neutralizing antibody2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1371375Cytotoxicity against human PANC1 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID359294Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells at 1 uM by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359096Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in rat primary osteoblast cells after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID638149Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori 328 KM isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID359058Reversal of increase in DNA-binding activity of ERalpha in nuclear extracts of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells by electrophoretic mobility shift assays in presence of short interfering ER alpha-RNA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID598203Inhibition of amyloid beta (25 to 35) fibril formation at 10 uM by UV-visible spectrometry analysis2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 19, Issue:10
Protective effect of ε-viniferin on β-amyloid peptide aggregation investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID1450153Growth inhibition of BAEC after 2 days by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
One drug for two targets: Biological evaluation of antiretroviral agents endowed with antiproliferative activity.
AID1203664Induction of apoptosis in human Bel7402 cells assessed as live cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 98.65%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1632199Cytotoxicity against human T24 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1872746Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A incubated for 15 mins by Amplex red MAO assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1406257Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity after 90 mins dark incubation2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Multi-target-directed ligands for treating Alzheimer's disease: Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors displaying antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.
AID359331Effect on procollagen 3 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID402931Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12 after 24 hrs2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID1420927Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH-induced radical scavenging activity preincubated for 30 mins followed by APPH challenge measured every 1.14 mins for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1309184Inhibition of preformed self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM after 12 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID331081Effect on body weight in diabetic Lep ob/ob mouse model at 1000 mg/kg, po2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID359283Reversal of inhibition in anchorage-independent colony formation of human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with FOXO3a-specific small interfering RNA by soft agar colony forming assay2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID460549Antiaging effect in Saccharomyces cerevisiae K6001 assessed as extension of replicative life span at 10 uM after 2 days2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Ganodermasides A and B, two novel anti-aging ergosterols from spores of a medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum on yeast via UTH1 gene.
AID1371389Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1430686Half life in Wistar rat at 20 mg/kg, po by HPLC-MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID402929Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 5 after 24 hrs2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID1183073Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC5314 ATCC MYA-2876 assessed as growth inhibition at 300 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Jul-25, Volume: 77, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of resveratrol derivatives against Candida species.
AID1374190Estrogenic activity at ERalpha/ERbeta (unknown origin) expressed in human HepG2 cells co-expressing ERE-dependent promoter assessed as increase in ER-mediated transcriptional activation at 10 uM incubated for 24 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay relat2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 28, Issue:4
Estrogenic activity of constituents from the rhizomes of Rheum undulatum Linné.
AID726367Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 12.5 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID359110Increase in serum BMP2 levels in ovariectomized Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg, po after 10 weeks by ELISA relative to sham operated control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1628090Activation of SIRT1 in human HaCaT cells assessed as H4K16 deacetylation at 1 uM after 1 hr by Western blotting method2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 59, Issue:4
1,4-Dihydropyridines Active on the SIRT1/AMPK Pathway Ameliorate Skin Repair and Mitochondrial Function and Exhibit Inhibition of Proliferation in Cancer Cells.
AID1632195Cytotoxicity against human T24 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID359528Effect on ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID725946Inhibition of recombinant firefly luciferase at 1 nM after 20 mins by luminescence assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery of 5-benzyl-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazoles and 5-benzyl-3-phenyl-1,4,2-dioxazoles as potent firefly luciferase inhibitors.
AID1499670Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity measured at 30 to 60 mins by UV-Visible spectrophotometric method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138Developing potential agents against atherosclerosis: Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel dual inhibitors of oxidative stress and Squalene Synthase activity.
AID1210979Drug metabolism in mouse lung S9 fractions assessed as trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate formation preincubated for 3 mins followed by PAPS addition measured after 60 mins by Eadie-Hofstee plot analysis2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID1632231Solubility of the compound in water2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID458152Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065 assessed as total bacterial adherence inhibition2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID359123Reversal of induction in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by Western blot in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1083159Antifungal activity against Diplodia mutila BRA08 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID699922Cytotoxicity against human U373-MAGI cells expressing CXCR42012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 22, Issue:21
Anti-HIV-1 activity of resveratrol derivatives and synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 by the combination of resveratrol and decitabine.
AID402928Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 1 after 24 hrs2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID641062Antihyperglycemic activity in ddY mouse assessed as inhibition of sucrose-induced increase in plasma glucose level at 100 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before sucrose challenge measured after 1 hr (Rvb = 221.4 +/- 9.1 mg/dl)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID274761Inhibition of LPS and TNF-alpha-activated NO production in murine RAW 264.7 cells2007Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 70, Issue:1
Bioactive bibenzyl derivatives and fluorenones from Dendrobium nobile.
AID1337907Chemical stability of the compound in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 at 20 uM measured every 5 mins for 25 mins by UV-visible absorption spectra analysis2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125Development of resveratrol-curcumin hybrids as potential therapeutic agents for inflammatory lung diseases.
AID359191Blockade of human Glut3 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake by scintillation spectrometry2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1888432Inhibition of equine serum BuChE using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 5 mins by DTNB-reagent based Ellman's method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 227Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel (4-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl)-2-aminoacetamide derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID293297Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity after 20 min2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 15, Issue:4
Improved quantitative structure-activity relationship models to predict antioxidant activity of flavonoids in chemical, enzymatic, and cellular systems.
AID1362653Disaggregation of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) preformed fibrils assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM after 12 days by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 120.73 +/- 1.86%)
AID404513Binding affinity to human serum albumin by fluorescence quenching measurement2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12
Design, synthesis and spectroscopic studies of resveratrol aliphatic acid ligands of human serum albumin.
AID1298410Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of C to G transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1333794Antibacterial activity Escherichia coli KCTC 1924 at 64 ug/ml after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1168373Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in PGC-1alpha mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID458149Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis NCTC 9811 at 600 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID416360Inhibition of Fe(2+)/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocyte ghosts assessed as inhibition of malondialdehyde formation per mg of protein at 1 uM after 30 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID430028Antiproliferative activity against human HT144 cells assessed as cell proliferation at 20 uM after 5 days by acid phosphatase assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 17, Issue:13
Synthesis, structural characterisation and biological evaluation of fluorinated analogues of resveratrol.
AID458142Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065 at 200 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID724378Antioxidant activity in planer lipid bilayer membrane assessed as reduction in 50 uM DPPH-induced charge transfer resistance at 100 uM by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1519076Cytotoxicity against C57BL/6 mouse B16F10 cells assessed as increase in cell shrinking at 50 uM incubated for 48 hrs by microscopic method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID1878983Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as early apoptotic cells at 10 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 18.71 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID620726Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-13, Volume: 54, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of resveratrol-based nitrovinylstilbenes as antimitotic agents.
AID667229Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID1309193Inhibition of preformed Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation at 100 uM after 4 to 12 days by turbidity assay relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID271287Inhibition of ovine COX22006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and biological evaluation of phenylazobenzenesulfonamides.
AID639318Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori CCUG17874 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID491522Inhibition of LPS-induced iNOS expression in mouse RAW264.7 cells at 34 uM treated 15 mins before LPS challenge measured after 18 hrs by Western blotting2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID762889Effect on SIRT1 expression in H2O2-induced HUVEC pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by immunoblotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID200787In vitro growth inhibition of central nervous system SF-268 cell line.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID692949Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in survivin mRNA level at 100 uM after 36 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1335883Growth inhibition of human HT-29 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124Discovery of oral-available resveratrol-caffeic acid based hybrids inhibiting acetylated and phosphorylated STAT3 protein.
AID333444Binding affinity to COX1 in sheep seminal vesicle2004Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11
Mechanism-based inactivation of COX-1 by red wine m-hydroquinones: a structure-activity relationship study.
AID404512Solubility in phosphate buffer assessed per 100 g at pH 72008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12
Design, synthesis and spectroscopic studies of resveratrol aliphatic acid ligands of human serum albumin.
AID1225533Reduction in prostate cell proliferation and gland development in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Hematoxylin and eosin staining based microscopy2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID1700047Inhibition of human erythrocytes AChE by Ellman's method2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 30, Issue:24
Novel deoxyvasicinone and tetrahydro-beta-carboline hybrids as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and amyloid beta aggregation.
AID432135Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 80 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID650851Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID1632204Cytotoxicity against human MDAH 2774 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID491616Inhibition of human recombinant COX2 assessed as PGE2 production at 34 uM after 10 mins by ELISA relative to control2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID537627Inhibition of Schistosoma mansoni recombinant NAD+ glycohydrolase expressed in Pichia pastoris by continuous fluorometric method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 18, Issue:22
Identification by high-throughput screening of inhibitors of Schistosoma mansoni NAD(+) catabolizing enzyme.
AID1210973Clearance in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg, iv2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID1331319Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS free radical scavenging activity at 10 uM2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 27, Issue:2
Synthesis and application of β-carbolines as novel multi-functional anti-Alzheimer's disease agents.
AID1298432Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Env mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing method (Rvb = 21.4%)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID239550Binding affinity for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) of rabbit liver cytosol incubated with 0.2 nM [3H]-TCDD; Antagonist2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1
Synthesis and biological properties of new stilbene derivatives of resveratrol as new selective aryl hydrocarbon modulators.
AID315991Inhibition of COX1 in human whole blood assessed as effect on A-23187-stimulated TxB2 production2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 16, Issue:5
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 2: synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-benzylideneamino- and 4-phenyliminomethyl-benzenesulfonamides.
AID1467699Inhibition of human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in AITC-induced current response by whole cell patch clamp method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
Synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as new analgesic drugs through desensitization of the TRPA1 receptor.
AID1261078Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed inhibition of cell proliferation after 2 days by MTT assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID359192Blockade of human Glut3 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake by scintillation spectrometry2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1298298Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1609877Induction of apoptosis in human HuH7 cells overexpressing SGK1 at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by annexin V and 7-AAD staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID713093Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated L-DOPA oxidation assessed as recovery of enzymatic activity at 100 uM preincubated for 30 mins by HPLC analysis in the presence of 200 uM of L-cysteine2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID716922Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells assessed as suppression of cell viability at 200 uM after 72 hrs2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1278616Antioxidant activity in human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction of H2O2-induced ROS level at 10 uM pretreated for 20 hrs followed by H2O2 stimulation for 30 mins by DCF-DA-based fluorescence analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID359510Effect on integrin alpha 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID549843Antagonist activity at human ERbeta receptor expressed in human HEK293 cells co-expressing ERE assessed as inhibition of estradiol-induced of luciferase gene expression at 1 uM after 18 hrs relative to ICI1827802011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1609875Antiproliferative activity against human HuH7 cells overexpressing EGFP assessed as reduction in cell viability at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue dye based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID359068Induction of ER association with BMP2 promoter in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by ChiP assay2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID598207Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) fibril formation at 10 uM by UV-visible spectrometry analysis2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 19, Issue:10
Protective effect of ε-viniferin on β-amyloid peptide aggregation investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID1420929Antioxidant activity assessed as reduction of Fe3+-TPTZ to Fe2+-TPTZ by measuring trolox equivalence of antioxidant capacity by FRAP assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1371391Cytotoxicity against human LN229 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID396457Antioxidant activity assessed as free radical scavenging activity at 10 uM2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 19, Issue:2
Synthesis and in vitro biological activity of retinyl polyhydroxybenzoates, novel hybrid retinoid derivatives.
AID730561Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced biting behavior at 300 ug/site, administered intrathecally2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1060586Inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) aggregation at 50 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T based fluorometric assay2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 71Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imine resveratrol derivatives as multi-targeted agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1168366Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as change in SIRT2 mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1256175Inhibition of Quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as inhibition of pyocyanin production at sub-MIC concentration after 16 to 18 hrs by spectrophotometric assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID1533710Inhibition of human CYP1B1 by EROD assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Phytoestrogens and their synthetic analogues as substrate mimic inhibitors of CYP1B1.
AID402932Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus COL after 24 hrs2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID719281Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate at 30 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID1081911Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hr by NCCLS M27-A broth microdilution method2011Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 59, Issue:5
Biological activity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) phytoalexins and selected natural and synthetic Stilbenoids.
AID1298327Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-C2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID359521Effect on MAD homolog 9 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID401040Antioxidant activity against cupric ion-induced lipid peroxidation in human LDL by TBA assay1998Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5
Isolation, identification, and antioxidant activity of three stilbene glucosides newly extracted from vitis vinifera cell cultures
AID1333784Cytotoxicity against human Bel7402 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1298277Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in viral infectivity at 25 to 100 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs and subsequ2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1333792Antibacterial activity Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 at 64 ug/ml after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID692952Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in cyclin B1 protein level at 100 uM by Western blotting2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID356481ABTS radical scavenging activity assessed as trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity after 10 mins2003Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 66, Issue:9
Resveratrol and two monomethylated stilbenes from Israeli Rumex bucephalophorus and their antioxidant potential.
AID1772546Aqueous solubility of the compound2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223Silyl resveratrol derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
AID716918Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated L-tyrosine oxidation after 60 mins by HPLC analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID432143Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in ratio of number of bacterial cells to phagocytes using trypan blue staining by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1676776Induction of membrane perturbation in DC22:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as change in deltaG for gramicidin mixture monomer to to dimer by fluorescence quenching assay (Rvb = 0 kcal/mol)2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID1611507Photoprotection activity against UV radiation2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID1256163Inhibition of Quorum sensing system in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 assessed as inhibition of violacein synthesis at 25 to 150 uM after 18 hrs by spectrophotometric assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID359082Increase in osteocalcin levels in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by ELISA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359335Effect on decorin gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359303Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1362753Immunomodulatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in CD80 expression at 50 uM incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1879011Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as dead cells in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 3.68 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID416365Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells at 20 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID1083158Antifungal activity against Diplodia seriata PLU03 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID637962Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori MD6 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID692954Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in Cyclin D1 protein level at 100 uM by Western blotting2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1882448Inhibition of human HDAC2 at 100 uM relative to control2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-24, Volume: 65, Issue:4
Chasing a Breath of Fresh Air in Cystic Fibrosis (CF): Therapeutic Potential of Selective HDAC6 Inhibitors to Tackle Multiple Pathways in CF Pathophysiology.
AID455033Cytotoxicity against human SF295 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID1168368Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as change in SIRT4 mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID359512Effect on integrin alpha V gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID94870In vitro growth inhibition of KM20L2 cell line.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1371463Displacement of [3H]resveratrol from Sprague-Dawley rat brain plasma membranes after 1 hr by beta counting method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1430693Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as resveratrol-sulfate formation at 5 uM by LC-MS/MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID1450144Down regulation of c-Myc expression in human HT-29 cells assessed as c-Myc expression level at 1 uM after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
One drug for two targets: Biological evaluation of antiretroviral agents endowed with antiproliferative activity.
AID1374189Estrogenic activity at ERalpha/ERbeta (unknown origin) expressed in human HepG2 cells co-expressing ERE-dependent promoter assessed as increase in ER-mediated transcriptional activation at 1 uM incubated for 24 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay relati2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 28, Issue:4
Estrogenic activity of constituents from the rhizomes of Rheum undulatum Linné.
AID637950Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 1C1 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1298353Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of T to G transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing me2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1326320Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Recent advances in the discovery and development of antibacterial agents targeting the cell-division protein FtsZ.
AID1767564Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 50 uM incubated for 1 hrs under light restrictive condition by UV-microplate reader assay relative to control2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of benzofuran piperidine derivatives as Aβ antiaggregant.
AID638152Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori CCUG17874 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID259475Cytotoxicity against basophilic leukemia RBL 2H3 cell line by MTT assay at 100 uM2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2
Rapid synthesis of triazole-modified resveratrol analogues via click chemistry.
AID639326Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G20 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1225518Reduction in prostate weight in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks in presence testosterone propionate of 10 mg/kg, intramuscular injection for 4 weeks2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID1705581Cytoprotective activity against H2O2-induced cell death in human PC-12 cells assessed as cell viability at 30 to 100 uM incubated for 0.5 hrs followed by H2O2 stimulation and measured after 2 hrs by MTT assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Preparation, characterization, antioxidant evaluation of new curcumin derivatives and effects of forming HSA-bound nanoparticles on the stability and activity.
AID434723Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 10 uM2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8
Synthesis of novel trans-stilbene derivatives and evaluation of their potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.
AID273486Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation in HEK293T cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-30, Volume: 49, Issue:24
Substituted trans-stilbenes, including analogues of the natural product resveratrol, inhibit the human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB.
AID1261086Inhibition of VEGF protein secretion in human MCF7 cells at 10 ug/mL after 72 hrs by ELISA relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID416675Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID1298344Increase in 5-aza-dCTP/dCTP ratio in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1452983Inhibition of recombinant human CYP1B1 expressed in supersomes coexpressing NADPH-CYP reductase using 7-ethoxyresorufin as substrate after 15 mins in presence of NADP+ by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1.
AID1470910Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate measured at 12 secs interval for 10 mins by Ellman's method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-26, Volume: 132Recent progress in the identification of selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease.
AID359334Effect on cathepsin K gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359091Increase in bone mineral density in ovariectomized Wistar rat dosed orally after 10 weeks2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID721441Antitumor activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Bioactive barrigenol type triterpenoids from the leaves of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge.
AID1261082Inhibition of VEGF protein secretion in human HT-29 cells at 10 ug/mL after 72 hrs by ELISA relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID359120Reversal of induction of BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by Western blot in presence of short interfering ERalpha-RNA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1237135Anti-inflammatory activity in C57BL/6 mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury assessed as reduction in serum TNFalpha level at 20 mg/kg for 1 week dosed before LPS instillation for 6 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of paralleled Aza resveratrol-chalcone compounds as potential anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of acute lung injury.
AID1676779Induction of membrane perturbation in DC22:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as fluorescence quench rate by measuring increase in R(drug)/R(control) ratio by fluorescence quenching assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID1450149Growth inhibition of human HT-29 cells after 2 days by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
One drug for two targets: Biological evaluation of antiretroviral agents endowed with antiproliferative activity.
AID642329Induction of QR1 activity in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells using MTT as substrate by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1309182Inhibition of preformed Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM after 12 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID628766Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21
Synthesis and biological evaluation of hydroxylated 3-phenylcoumarins as antioxidants and antiproliferative agents.
AID713107Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated oxygen consumption using L-tyrosine substrate after 60 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID738181Inhibition of Notch signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1770515Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell metabolic activity incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 224Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular docking studies of phenyldiazenyl sulfonamides as aromatase inhibitors.
AID359311Effect on bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID501903Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 1 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID1372030Antioxidant activity assessed as relative scavenging rate constant for photolysis-induced singlet oxygen scavenging activity by measuring Kaox/Kst ratio using 4-HO-TEMP spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID641146Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase activity of maltase in rat small intestinal brush border membrane fraction using maltose as substrate after 30 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID359183Inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake in human HL60 cells by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1054172Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as induction of mutations at 50 uM (Rvb = 18%)2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID1178161In vitro photoprotection of the compound assessed as sun protection factor by Optometric 290S analyzer2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID1083170Antifungal activity against Diplodia seriata assessed as growth inhibition at 500 uM measured after 1 to 10 days relative to control2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID359121Reversal of induction in nuclear translocation of ERalpha in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1632194Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID759450Induction of disaggregation of self-mediated amyloid beta (1 to 42) fibril (unknown origin) at 25 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID432154Inhibition of heat killed Staphylococcus aureus 209P-induced nuclear translocation of p65 element of NF-kappaB in HEK293 cells expressing TLR2 at 100 uM pretreated for 1 hr before 6 hrs heat killed bacterial stimulation by immunostaining method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID406772DPPH radical scavenging activity at 10 uM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-10, Volume: 51, Issue:13
Efficient synthesis and neuroprotective effect of substituted 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones.
AID1246398Antagonist activity at ERbeta (248 to 510 amino acid residues) (unknown origin) assessed as inhibition of E2 induced interaction with SRC1 after 24 hrs by yeast-two-hybrid assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102Synthesis, estrogenic activity, and anti-osteoporosis effects in ovariectomized rats of resveratrol oligomer derivatives.
AID377037Ex vivo inhibition of leukotriene formation in calcium ionophore activated human neutrophilic granulocyte at 50 uM by ELISA2005Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 68, Issue:1
Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis by stilbenoids from Stemona species.
AID359090Increase in osteopontin levels in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by ELISA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID396592Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania amazonensis IFLA/BR/67/PH8 promastigotes assessed as lysis of promastigotes at 100 ug/ml after 72 hrs2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 43, Issue:9
Activity of a hydroxybibenzyl bryophyte constituent against Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi: in silico, in vitro and in vivo activity studies.
AID1570231Antioxidant activity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as reduction in hypoxia-induced lipid peroxidation by measuring TBARS level preincubated for 18 hrs followed by incubated in hypoxia for 48 hrs by spectrophotometry2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID716919Antimelanogenic activity in mouse assessed as cellular melanin content B16F10 cells at 200 uM after 72 hrs spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID359181Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human HL60 cells at >100 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of sodium-free buffer2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1437793Inhibition of amyloid beta 42 (unknown origin) self aggregation at 50 uM by ThT-based fluorometric method relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Tacrine-resveratrol fused hybrids as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID638160Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G20 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID724576Binding affinity to planer lipid bilayer assessed as reduction in charge transfer resistance by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID370921Inhibition of TNFalpha induced NF-kappaB activation in human 293 cells after 24 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a library of resveratrol analogues as inhibitors of COX-1, COX-2 and NF-kappaB.
AID1480847Inhibition of human serum BuChE using butylthiocholine chloride as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 2 mins by DTNB reagent based spectrophotometric method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID1879027Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir assessed as reduction in serum ALT level at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID432149Inhibition of FSL-1-induced increase in phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in number of phagocytosing bacteria to total number of cells after 1 hr by CLSM2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID359190Blockade of rat Glut1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake by scintillation spectrometry2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1878987Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as early apoptotic cells at 25 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 18.71 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1256184Inhibition of Quorum sensing system in Chromobacterium violaceum assessed as inhibition of violacein synthesis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID359276Reversal of increase in pBMP2 expression in rat primary osteoblast cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector at 1 uM by luciferase method2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359514Effect on MAD homolog 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID738210Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1399531Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) aggregation at 20 uM after 72 hrs by thioflavin T assay relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:16
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-acridone analogues as potential dual inhibitors for amyloid-beta and tau aggregation.
AID359515Effect on MAD homolog 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1566057Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells transfected with shRNA assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs in presence of doxycycline by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Discovery of potent 4-aminoquinoline hydrazone inhibitors of NRH:quinoneoxidoreductase-2 (NQO2).
AID432160Inhibition of FSL1-induced upregulation of CD36 mRNA expression in in human THP1 cells at 100 uM after 1 hr by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1314121Radioprotective activity in rat thymocytes assessed as radio-modification factor pretreated at 1 uM followed by 2 Gy X-ray irradiation measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID1372029Antioxidant activity assessed as relative scavenging rate constant for photolysis-induced super-oxide anion scavenging activity by measuring Kaox/Kst ratio using CYPMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID524790Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay2009Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10
Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1372025Antioxidant activity assessed as relative scavenging rate constant for photolysis-induced hydroxyl radical scavenging activity by measuring Kaox/Kst ratio using DMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID396463Inhibition of melanogenesis in human dermal fibroblasts at 5 uM2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 19, Issue:2
Synthesis and in vitro biological activity of retinyl polyhydroxybenzoates, novel hybrid retinoid derivatives.
AID359527Effect on homeo box msh-like 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID430018Antiproliferative activity against MRP1-expressing human DLKP cells assessed as cell proliferation at 10 uM after 5 days by acid phosphatase assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 17, Issue:13
Synthesis, structural characterisation and biological evaluation of fluorinated analogues of resveratrol.
AID359502Effect on FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1311781Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as COX2 levels at 50 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 159.64 +/- 13.56 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1430690Half life in rat hepatocytes at 5 uM by LC-MS/MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID1420931Antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 150 ug/ml after 18 hrs by crystal violet staining-based method relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID614620Inhibition of TPA-induced membrane translocation of PKCalpha expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as protein found in membrane fraction at 100 uM after 2 hrs by Western blotting relative to TPA2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 19, Issue:18
Chemical modifications of resveratrol for improved protein kinase C alpha activity.
AID1879485Antiinflammatory activity against human HaCaT cells assessed as inhibition of UVB irradiation-induced PGE2 production measured after 2 hrs by ELISA2022Journal of natural products, 03-25, Volume: 85, Issue:3
Adiponectin-Secretion-Promoting Cyclic Peptide-Polyketide Hybrids from a Halophyte-Associated Fungus,
AID264600Induction of differentiation of human HL60 cells at 10 uM measured as expression of granulocytic marker CD11b after 4 days2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID359328Effect on procollagen 1 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1298307Reduction in dATP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID359287Reversal of induction of FOXO3a nuclear accumulation in human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with constitutively activated Akt mutant2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1608145Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in NQO-1 protein expression by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID474869Antioxidant activity assessed as galvinoxyl radical scavenging activity in methanol by UV-visible spectroscopy2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of hydroxyl-substituted Schiff bases.
AID359286Reversal of induction of Akt inactivation in human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with constitutively activated Akt mutant2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID762886Activation of SIRT1 (unknown origin) by fluorescence assay2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID378355Cytotoxicity against mouse Hepa1clc7 cells after 72 hrs1999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
New bioactive flavonoids and stilbenes in cubé resin insecticide.
AID549848Displacement of fluorescent estrogen ES2 from human recombinant ERbeta by fluorescence polarization assay relative to estradiol2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1081919Octanol-water partition coefficient, log P of the compound by HPLC analysis2011Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 59, Issue:5
Biological activity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) phytoalexins and selected natural and synthetic Stilbenoids.
AID1499669Antioxidant activity in heat-inactivated Fischer-344 rat hepatic microsomes assessed as protection against against Fe2+/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation after 45 mins by TBAR-based spectrophotometry2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138Developing potential agents against atherosclerosis: Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel dual inhibitors of oxidative stress and Squalene Synthase activity.
AID641147Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase activity of maltase in rat small intestinal brush border membrane fraction using maltose as substrate at 400 uM after 30 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID403720Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells after 48 hrs by WST1 test2005Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 68, Issue:10
Cytotoxic furostanol saponins and a megastigmane glucoside from tribulus parvispinus.
AID481130Binding affinity to Vaccinia virus recombinant N1L expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as protein melting temperature at 214 uM by differential scanning calorimetry2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Vaccinia virus virulence factor N1L is a novel promising target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
AID1290596Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-induced mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of NO production at 50 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess reaction2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-04, Volume: 113Discovery of novel sesquistilbene indanone analogues as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1480845Inhibition of human erythrocyte AChE using acetylthiocholine chloride as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 2 mins by DTNB reagent based spectrophotometric method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID359102Antitumor activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells xenografted in SCID mouse orthotropic model assessed as inhibition of 17beta estradiol-induced tumor formation at 10 mg/kg for 2 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359280Reversal of increase in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing small interfering RNA for FOXA1 protein at 1 uM by Western blot2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1498851Inhibition of equine serum BChE using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 2 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 2 mins by Ellman's method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-30, Volume: 26, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel bivalent β-carboline derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1362652Disaggregation of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) preformed fibrils assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM after 12 days by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 150.21 +/- 2.32 No_unit)
AID1872754Cytotoxicity against mouse C2C12 cells incubated for 24 to 48 hrs by MTT assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1176925Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 10 uM after 30 mins2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Sulfonamides as multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID1362744Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity after 30 mins by spectrophotometric method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1780360Activation of recombinant human SIRT3 assessed as lysyl deacetylase activity using (Gln-Pro-Lys-Lys(Ac)) peptide substrate by fluorescent assay relative to 2-butylbenzofuran-3-yl)(3,5-diiodo-4-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl-propoxy)pheny)methanone
AID1391984Inhibition of human cathepsin D using DABCYL-Glu-Arg-Nle-Phe-Leu-Ser-Phe-Pro-EDANS as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 1 min within 8 to 15 mins by FRET assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:9
2-Aminoquinazolin-4(3H)-one based plasmepsin inhibitors with improved hydrophilicity and selectivity.
AID432147Inhibition of FSL-1-induced increase in phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1632226Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human MDAH 2774 cells after 72 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1256179Antibacterial activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 for 16 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID471948Growth inhibition of human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Antineoplastic agents. 579. Synthesis and cancer cell growth evaluation of E-stilstatin 3: a resveratrol structural modification.
AID1700052Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self aggregation incubated for 48 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence method2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 30, Issue:24
Novel deoxyvasicinone and tetrahydro-beta-carboline hybrids as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and amyloid beta aggregation.
AID1238824Drug level in human HCT116 cells treated with RAH at 20 uM after 4 to 24 hrs by HPLC-CEAD analysis2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
Novel Resveratrol-Based Aspirin Prodrugs: Synthesis, Metabolism, and Anticancer Activity.
AID1884058Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis LMG 11423 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1309173Antioxidant activity assessed as AAPH radical scavenging activity preincubated for 30 mins followed by AAPH addition measured after 60 mins by ORAC assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1182047Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activity in HEK293 cells after 6 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2014Journal of natural products, Jul-25, Volume: 77, Issue:7
Spongiapyridine and related spongians isolated from an Indonesian Spongia sp.
AID226688Free radical scavenging activity of DPPH was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-19, Volume: 14, Issue:2
Syntheses and radical scavenging activities of resveratrol derivatives.
AID1717733Inhibition of human tyrosinase expressed in HEK293 cells using L-tyrosine and DOPA as substrate by absorbance method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22
Advances in the Design of Genuine Human Tyrosinase Inhibitors for Targeting Melanogenesis and Related Pigmentations.
AID359520Effect on MAD homolog 7 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1566054Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Discovery of potent 4-aminoquinoline hydrazone inhibitors of NRH:quinoneoxidoreductase-2 (NQO2).
AID359281Reversal of increase in pBMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing small interfering RNA for FOXA1 protein at 1 uM by luciferase method2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1333785Cytotoxicity against human L02 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1879010Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as late apoptotic cells in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 12.03 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1401669Inhibition of triglyceride accumulation in mouse 3T3L1 cells at 1 to 10 uM after 6 days by ORO staining-based microscopic method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, syntheses and lipid accumulation inhibitory activities of novel resveratrol mimics.
AID416678Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID1298340Increase in 5-aza-dCTP/dCTP ratio in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1407192Antineuroinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production at 10 to 30 uM after 24 hrs by Griess assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Donepezil-butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) hybrids as Anti-Alzheimer's disease agents with cholinergic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties.
AID430020Antiproliferative activity against MRP1-expressing human DLKP cells after 5 days by acid phosphatase assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 17, Issue:13
Synthesis, structural characterisation and biological evaluation of fluorinated analogues of resveratrol.
AID764638Cytotoxicity against human estrogen receptor positive MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity evaluation of 2,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives on human breast cancer cell lines.
AID1203636Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1264955Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 10 uM treated for 3 days measured on day 4 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 97 to 100%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID1830993Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-glucosidase using pNPG as substrate2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of isatin derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole as potent a-glucosidase inhibitors.
AID271288Selectivity index, IC50 for ovine COX1/IC50 for ovine COX22006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and biological evaluation of phenylazobenzenesulfonamides.
AID289281Relaxing effect on guinea pig terminal ileum ring assessed as reduction of force of contraction at 100 uM2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18
'Bridged' stilbene derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors.
AID1314124Radioprotective activity in rat thymocytes assessed as radio-modification factor pretreated at 1000 uM followed by 2 Gy X-ray irradiation measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID1770508Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell metabolic activity at 100 uM incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 224Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular docking studies of phenyldiazenyl sulfonamides as aromatase inhibitors.
AID724379Antioxidant activity in planer lipid bilayer membrane assessed as reduction in 50 uM DPPH-induced charge transfer resistance at 50 uM by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID524796Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay2009Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10
Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID491615Inhibition of human recombinant COX2 assessed as PGE2 production after 10 mins by ELISA2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1298376Increase in 5-aza-dCTP/dCTP ratio in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-C2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1311759Cytotoxicity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 50 umol/L after 24 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1220763Volume of distribution at steady state in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg administered intraarterially by LC-MS/MS analysis2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Oct, Volume: 40, Issue:10
In vivo-formed versus preformed metabolite kinetics of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate and trans-resveratrol-3-glucuronide.
AID639319Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori MDO21 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID746977Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 23, Issue:10
A new synthesis of 4'-resveratrol esters and evaluation of the potential for anti-depressant activity.
AID359322Effect on procollagen 5 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID396590Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani MHOM/BR/74/PP75 promastigotes assessed as lysis of promastigotes at 100 ug/ml after 72 hrs2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 43, Issue:9
Activity of a hydroxybibenzyl bryophyte constituent against Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi: in silico, in vitro and in vivo activity studies.
AID1352509Neuroprotective activity in 3-NP intoxicated C57BL/6 mouse model assessed as decrease in serum IL-6 levels at 5.5 mg/kg, ip administered for 5 days by sandwich ELISA2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
AID637951Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 2Ca isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID359337Effect on fibroblast growth factor 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1298442Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Env mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subseque2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1362638Inhibition of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM measured on day 3 by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 33.64 +/- 5.80 No_unit)
AID1352500Toxicity in 3 hrs post fertilized zebra fish AB embryo after 93 hrs2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
AID610238Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction of colon TNFRp55 level at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1362761Inhibition of CCL-2 production in ear tissue of croton oil-induced Balb/c mouse ear edema model at 0.1 mg/ear administered topically immediately post croton oil treatment by ELISA2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID610406Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction in disease activity index at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day,2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID730554Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced increase of COX2 expression in brain cortex at 100 mg/kg, po by Western blotting2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID247344In vitro growth inhibitory concentration against human mammary carcinoma cell line MDA MB 4682005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
Synthesis, antitumor evaluation, and apoptosis-inducing activity of hydroxylated (E)-stilbenes.
AID1320340Inhibition of 250 nM N-terminal His6-tagged recombinant human SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli at 100 uM using RHKK(Ac)W-NH2 as substrate after 5 to 10 mins by UV detection-based HPLC method2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 59, Issue:20
Guttiferone A Aggregates Modulate Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1) Activity.
AID359059Reversal of increase in DNA-binding activity of ERalpha in nuclear extracts of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells by electrophoretic mobility shift assays in presence of ICI-1827802007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1309163Binding affinity to Ca2+ using CaCl2 at 20 uM after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID359057Increase in Src kinase phosphorylation in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359193Effect on ascorbic acid production from dehydroascorbic acid in human U937 cells at >500 uM by HPLC2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1362752Antiproliferative activity against LPS-induced B cells isolated from splenocytes of C57/BL6 mouse at 50 uM incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1533726Mixed type inhibition of human CYP1B1 by EROD assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Phytoestrogens and their synthetic analogues as substrate mimic inhibitors of CYP1B1.
AID617267Stability of the compound assessed as half life2011ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-25, Volume: 2, Issue:4
The Use of 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Pro-drug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death.
AID340409Inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO release in rat cortical microglial cells assessed as nitrite accumulation after 48 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Alkaloids from the leaves of Uncaria rhynchophylla and their inhibitory activity on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia.
AID725945Inhibition of recombinant firefly luciferase at 10 uM after 20 mins by luminescence assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery of 5-benzyl-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazoles and 5-benzyl-3-phenyl-1,4,2-dioxazoles as potent firefly luciferase inhibitors.
AID1385436Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-27, Volume: 61, Issue:18
Novel Hybrid Conjugates with Dual Suppression of Estrogenic and Inflammatory Activities Display Significantly Improved Potency against Breast Cancer.
AID432241Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 60 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1362648Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM measured on day 10 by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 408.94 +/- 32 No_unit)
AID1700051Inhibition of human serum BuChe by Ellman's method2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 30, Issue:24
Novel deoxyvasicinone and tetrahydro-beta-carboline hybrids as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and amyloid beta aggregation.
AID1362642Inhibition of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM measured on day 10 by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 412.11 +/- 35.93 No_unit)
AID1220760AUC (0 to t) in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg administered intraarterially by LC-MS/MS analysis2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Oct, Volume: 40, Issue:10
In vivo-formed versus preformed metabolite kinetics of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate and trans-resveratrol-3-glucuronide.
AID340411Inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO release in rat cortical microglial cells assessed as nitrite accumulation at 3 uM after 48 hrs relative to LPS2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Alkaloids from the leaves of Uncaria rhynchophylla and their inhibitory activity on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia.
AID1298417Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in gag level at 50 uM after 2 to 72 hrs by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1879009Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as early apoptotic cells in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 19.89 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID637952Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G50 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1054185Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as T to C mutation at 50 uM (Rvb = 18%)2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID359179Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human HL60 cells at >500 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID699921Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells expressing CXCR4 assessed as inhibition of viral infection preincubated for 2 hrs prior to infection followed by compound wash out measured after 48 hrs by single round replication assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 22, Issue:21
Anti-HIV-1 activity of resveratrol derivatives and synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 by the combination of resveratrol and decitabine.
AID1298360Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in U5-gag level at 50 uM after 2 to 72 hrs by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID610236Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction in morphological signs of cell damage at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID359113Increase in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing pBMP2delta1 mutant at 1 uM after 4 hrs by luciferase method relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1498852Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for electric eel AChE to IC50 for equine serum BChE2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-30, Volume: 26, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel bivalent β-carboline derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID311534Antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 by agar dilution method2007Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 70, Issue:10
Anti-Helicobacter pylori and thrombin inhibitory components from Chinese dragon's blood, Dracaena cochinchinensis.
AID1430676Cmax in CD rat at 50 mg/kg/day, po administered via gavage every 24 hrs for 14 consecutive days measured on day 14 post dose by HPLC-MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID1264953Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 1 uM treated for 3 days measured on day 4 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 97 to 100%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID359551Effect on actin beta gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID528474Binding affinity to beta-amyloid plaque in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse brain assessed as signal-to-noise ratio after 30 mins by DAPI staining2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-25, Volume: 53, Issue:22
Phenolic bis-styrylbenzenes as β-amyloid binding ligands and free radical scavengers.
AID730571Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced spontaneous nociception at 100 mg/kg, po2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID359185Inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake in human HL60 cells at 32 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1168361Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as prevention of liver statosis development at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs pos2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID416966Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA fragmentation in BALB/c mouse thymocytes at 100 uM preincubated for 30 mins before hydrogen peroxide challenge measured after 6 hrs2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID1306443Inhibition of recombinant human CYP1B1 expressed in Escherichia coli DH5aplha cells assessed as O-deethylation of ethoxyresorufin in presence of NADPH measured after 2 mins by spectrofluorometric method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Aryl morpholino triazenes inhibit cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1.
AID1298315Effect on 5-aza-dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1428605Binding affinity to Fe3+ assessed as disaggregation of Fe3+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation by measuring Fe3+-amyloid beta (1 to 42) complex fluorescence at 50 uM treated 24 hrs after Fe3+ addition measured after 24 hrs incubation under dark co2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID718774Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as cell viability at 60 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of resveratrol derivatives as Aß(₁-₄₂) aggregation inhibitors, antioxidants, and neuroprotective agents.
AID528480Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity by spectrophotometric analysis2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-25, Volume: 53, Issue:22
Phenolic bis-styrylbenzenes as β-amyloid binding ligands and free radical scavengers.
AID1311775Inhibition of NFkappaB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as protein levels at 5 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 1.23 +/- 0.06 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID359289Enhancement of Akt inactivation in human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with dominant negative Akt mutant2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1611505Thermal stability of compound in DMSO/methanol assessed as decomposition temperature by UV spectroscopic method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID340406Inhibition of NO release in rat cortical microglial cells2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Alkaloids from the leaves of Uncaria rhynchophylla and their inhibitory activity on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia.
AID641063Antihyperglycemic activity in ddY mouse assessed as inhibition of sucrose-induced increase in plasma glucose level at 100 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before sucrose challenge measured after 2 hrs (Rvb = 160.8 +/- 3.5 mg/dl)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID416970Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID1437790Inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase isolated from human plasma up to 100 uM using butyrylthiocholine as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 2 mins by Ellman's method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Tacrine-resveratrol fused hybrids as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1281398Inhibition of human recombinant NQO2 using DCPIPas substrate and NRH as cofactor measured for 1 min by spectrophotometry in the prsence of BSA2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 111Non-symmetrical furan-amidines as novel leads for the treatment of cancer and malaria.
AID1452017Inhibition of human TTR V30M mutant expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21 assessed as fibril formation at 14.2 uM incubated for 30 mins measured after 96 hrs by light scattering method relative to control2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18
Stilbene Boronic Acids Form a Covalent Bond with Human Transthyretin and Inhibit Its Aggregation.
AID1470911Inhibition of equine serum BChE using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate measured at 12 secs interval for 10 mins by Ellman's method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-26, Volume: 132Recent progress in the identification of selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease.
AID432200ABTS radical scavenging activity assessed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity index at pH 7 by spectrophotometry2009Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 72, Issue:6
The role of phenolic hydroxy groups in the free radical scavenging activity of betalains.
AID1083160Antifungal activity against Neofusicoccum luteum CBS110299 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID1485921Metal chelating activity assessed as inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42 residues) aggregation at 50 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay (Rvb = 142%)2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel chromone derivatives as balanced multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID359118Reversal of induction in ER.DNA complex in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by RT-PCR in presence of tamoxifen2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID655175Cell cycle arrest in human HepG2 cells assessed as accumulation at G2/M phase at 50 uM after 24 hrs by FACS analysis (Rvb = 16.8 %)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID359112Increase in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing pBMP2 mutant at 1 uM after 4 hrs by luciferase method relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1311914Inhibition of electric eel ACHE preincubated for 6 mins followed by addition of acetylcholine iodide as substrate by Ellman's method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 24, Issue:18
Synthesis and evaluation of multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on the fusion of donepezil and melatonin.
AID1608172Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in NQO-1 mRNA expression at 6 uM by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID610237Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as preservation of mucosal architecture at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1718906Cytotoxicity against human MG-63 cells incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-24, Volume: 63, Issue:24
Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Inhibitors in Oncology-A Promise for a Better Therapeutic Outcome: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.
AID1372022Antioxidant activity assessed as Trolox equivalents of photolysis-induced peroxyl scavenging activity using CYPMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID1383207Antineuroinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production pretreated for 30 mins followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 149Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of compounds with a new scaffold as anti-neuroinflammatory agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID305160Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2
Syntheses of hydroxy substituted 2-phenyl-naphthalenes as inhibitors of tyrosinase.
AID1632201Cytotoxicity against human MHRF cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID359067Increase in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing pBMP2delta3 mutant at 1 uM after 4 hrs by luciferase method relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID432166Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID738180Inhibition of Notch signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1365629Inhibition of self-induced aggregation of amyloid beta (1 to 42 residues) (unknown origin) at 25 uM incubated for 48 hrs by Thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of salicyladimine derivatives as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1083171Antifungal activity against Togninia minima SO21 assessed as susceptibility at 500 uM measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID1450151Growth inhibition of human Ramos cells after 2 days by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
One drug for two targets: Biological evaluation of antiretroviral agents endowed with antiproliferative activity.
AID1168371Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as change in SIRT7 mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID359507Effect on insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID455038Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-5 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID294483Induction of quinone reductase activity in mouse Hepa 1c1c7 cells at 25 uM after 24 hrs relative to control2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6
Quinone reductase induction activity of methoxylated analogues of resveratrol.
AID359293Induction of FOXO3a nuclear accumulation in human MDA-MB-231 cells FOXO3a-specific small interfering RNA xenografted in nude mice at 10 mg/kg for 2 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID510869Cytotoxicity against human Caco-2 cells after 3 days by [3H]thymidine incorporation assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
In vitro and in vivo studies on stilbene analogs as potential treatment agents for colon cancer.
AID549839Cytotoxicity against human Ishikawa cells by LDH release assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID360099Inhibition of antiapoptotic activity in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of noggin2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1401670Cytotoxicity against HEK293T cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, syntheses and lipid accumulation inhibitory activities of novel resveratrol mimics.
AID1318721Neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced toxicity in human SK-N-SH cells assessed as cell viability at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 61.9 +/- 0.9%)2016Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 79, Issue:6
Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Congeners from Hypericum scabrum.
AID738199Inhibition of Stat3 signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of IL-6 induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1557205Binding affinity to Streptococcus mutans GtfB2019MedChemComm, Jul-01, Volume: 10, Issue:7
Targeting
AID638157Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori Ma01 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1054208Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human U373-MAGI cells to EC50 for HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID1362641Inhibition of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM measured on day 7 by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 100 +/- 0.96%)
AID650845Induction of QR1 in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells assessed as induction ratio at 50 uM by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID713112Drug metabolism assessed as oxidation of the compound at 100 uM by HPLC analysis in the presence of tyrosinase2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1347859Growth inhibition of human A375 cells at 25 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID1362661Cytotoxicity against human HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
AID1331320Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 10 uM2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 27, Issue:2
Synthesis and application of β-carbolines as novel multi-functional anti-Alzheimer's disease agents.
AID730569Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced spontaneous nociception at 200 ug/site, administered as intraplantarly2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID730570Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced spontaneous nociception at 100 mg/kg, po2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1362748Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production by measuring IL-6 levels incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 48 hrs by ELISA (Rvb = 2.9 +/- 0.3 ng/ml)2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1430685AUC (0 to last) in Wistar rat at 20 mg/kg, po by HPLC-MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID614082Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter dissolvens ATCC 222 at 10 mg/ml after 24 to 72 hrs by agar diffusion method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 19, Issue:17
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of (E) stilbene derivatives.
AID471947Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Antineoplastic agents. 579. Synthesis and cancer cell growth evaluation of E-stilstatin 3: a resveratrol structural modification.
AID639323Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori Ma01 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1699026Inhibition of quorum sensing system in Proteus mirabilis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 28, Issue:21
Next generation quorum sensing inhibitors: Accounts on structure activity relationship studies and biological activities.
AID759461Inhibition of self-mediated amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation (unknown origin) at 20 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID297566Selectivity for ERbeta over ERalpha2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-06, Volume: 50, Issue:18
Design, synthesis, and estrogenic activity of a novel estrogen receptor modulator--a hybrid structure of 17beta-estradiol and vitamin E in hippocampal neurons.
AID400267Blockade of inward rectifier potassium channel in mouse rat hybrid F11 cells at 90 uM by whole-cell patch clamp technique2004Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 67, Issue:3
Resveratrol derivatives and their role as potassium channels modulators.
AID432144Inhibition of FSL-1-induced increase in phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID655173Cell cycle arrest in human HepG2 cells assessed as accumulation at G0/G1 phase at 50 uM after 24 hrs by FACS analysis (Rvb = 53.7 %)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID331067Reduction of blood glucose level in diabetic Lep ob/ob mouse model at 1000 mg/kg, po after 3 weeks2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID1396266Antiproliferative activity against human CAR cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-07, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Synthesis and antitumor activity of bis(hydroxymethyl)propionate analogs of pterostilbene in cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer cells.
AID359547Effect on PUC18 plasmid DNA gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1065382Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Small azobenzene derivatives active against bacteria and fungi.
AID359056Reversal of increase in Src kinase phosphorylation in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector at 1 uM2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID227508Free radical scavenging activity of DPPH expressed as percent polyphenol2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-19, Volume: 14, Issue:2
Syntheses and radical scavenging activities of resveratrol derivatives.
AID359534Effect on transforming growth factor beta 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID650846Induction of QR1 in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells assessed as concentration required to double QR1 induction by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID1225526Reduction in COX2 expression in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID725947Inhibition of recombinant firefly luciferase after 20 mins by luminescence assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery of 5-benzyl-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazoles and 5-benzyl-3-phenyl-1,4,2-dioxazoles as potent firefly luciferase inhibitors.
AID1884103Antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 assessed as membrane potential change at 0.5 to 2X MIC incubated for 20 mins by DiSC3(5) staining based assay2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1311763Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as IL1beta levels at 5 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 8.70 +/- 0.365 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1467685Inhibition of human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in AITC-induced calcium influx preincubated for 6 mins followed by AITC addition measured for 1 min by Fluo-4 dye-based assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
Synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as new analgesic drugs through desensitization of the TRPA1 receptor.
AID1420926Antibacterial activity against Arcobacter cryaerophilus after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1632219Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human T24 cells after 24 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1881912Inhibition of PKM2 (unknown origin) Gly128, Hie78, Ser77, Asn75, Ile51, Ser362 residues2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-27, Volume: 65, Issue:2
A Perspective on Medicinal Chemistry Approaches for Targeting Pyruvate Kinase M2.
AID620775Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-13, Volume: 54, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of resveratrol-based nitrovinylstilbenes as antimitotic agents.
AID1651380Upregulation of SIRT1 mRNA expression in mouse C2C12 cells at 50 uM measured after 24 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 30, Issue:4
Mariannamides A and B, new cyclic octapeptides isolated from Mariannaea elegans NBRC102301.
AID1772553Toxicity in 3hpf zebrafish AB embryo assessed as median lethal dose measured 96 hpf2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223Silyl resveratrol derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
AID1357646Lipid lowering activity in zebrafish embryos 50 uM by Nile red fat metabolism assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-10, Volume: 151Lipid reducing activity and toxicity profiles of a library of polyphenol derivatives.
AID730558Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced increase of COX2 expression in spinal cord and cortex brain section at 100 mg/kg, po by Western blotting2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1238814Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 24 hrs by MTT assay2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
Novel Resveratrol-Based Aspirin Prodrugs: Synthesis, Metabolism, and Anticancer Activity.
AID977599Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1168363Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in MCP-1 level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of i2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID718771Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as decrease in tertiary butylhydroperoxide-induced radical formation incubated for 24 hrs prior to tertiary butylhydroperoxide challenge measured after 30 mins by DCFH-DA staining-based fluorescence2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of resveratrol derivatives as Aß(₁-₄₂) aggregation inhibitors, antioxidants, and neuroprotective agents.
AID1872742Antioxidant activity assessed as galvinoxyl radical scavenging activity measured after 20 mins2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1362644Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM measured on day 3 by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 251.22 +/- 0.35 No_unit)
AID1420916Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1371371Cytotoxicity against human COLO201 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID610240Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction of colon MIG level at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dos2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1420920Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID359317Effect on procollagen 6 alpha 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID432242Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 80 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID432132Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1372027Antioxidant activity assessed as relative scavenging rate constant for photolysis-induced alkoxyl scavenging activity by measuring Kaox/Kst ratio using DMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID271286Inhibition of ovine COX12006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and biological evaluation of phenylazobenzenesulfonamides.
AID735502Activation of SIRT1 R446A mutant (unknown origin) at 50 uM relative to control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID654115Antioxidant activity assessed as scavenging of DPPH at 160 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts.
AID491518Chemical stability assessed as degradation after 24 hrs by LC/MS/MS analysis2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID639243Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori NS23 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1225522Reduction in 5alpha-reductase mRNA level in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by quantitative real-time PCR analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID1203641Cell cycle arrest in human Bel7402 cells assessed as cells accumulation at Sub-G1 phase at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 1.47%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID713106Activation of mushroom tyrosinase assessed as oxygen consumption using L-tyrosine substrate after 60 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1683647Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-induced mouse BV-2 cells assessed NO production at 1 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS-stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by Greiss reagent based assay relative to control2020Journal of natural products, 12-24, Volume: 83, Issue:12
Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Ditetrahydrofuran-Containing Diarylheptanoids from
AID1594638Cytoprotective effect against high glucose-induced oxidative stress in HUVEC assessed as cell viability at 1 uM incubated by MTT assay (Rvb = 72.1 to 77.9%)2019Journal of natural products, 06-28, Volume: 82, Issue:6
Isolation, Chiral-Phase Resolution, and Determination of the Absolute Configurations of a Complete Series of Stereoisomers of a Rearranged Acetophenone with Three Stereocenters.
AID639330Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 17C7 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1550779Antioxidant activity in human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in reactive oxygen species generation at 100 uM incubated for 24 hrs by CellROX green/Hoechst 33342 staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 171Anticancer activity of the thiosemicarbazones that are based on di-2-pyridine ketone and quinoline moiety.
AID1168358Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in hepatic myeloperoxidase activity at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hr2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID432158Inhibition of heat killed Staphylococcus aureus 209P-induced TNF alpha production in human THP1 cells at 1 to 100 uM after 6 hrs by ELISA2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1884055Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis LMG 08222 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID331053Activation of human SIRT1-G (235-664) construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID1392707Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation after 48 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay
AID692940Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells at 10 uM for 2 days by vi-cell cell viability analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1314126Toxicity in rat thymocytes assessed as increase in cell death at 10 uM measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID726366Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 25 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID1485915Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition after 20 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorimetric method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel chromone derivatives as balanced multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID420375Inhibition of hydrolase activity of human recombinant LTA4H expressed in Escherichia coli BL21-AI/pRARE assessed as LTB4 formation by tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15
Discovery of leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors using metabolomics biased fragment crystallography.
AID738188Inhibition of E2F signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of PMA induced luciferase at 100 uM treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID331048Activation of human SIRT1-B (172-664) construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID416963Antioxidant effect assessed as inhibition of AAPH-induced oxidative pBR322 plasmid DNA strand breakage by gel electrophoresis2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID332217Inhibition of COX12002Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 65, Issue:2
Constituents of the bark and twigs of Artocarpus dadah with cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity.
AID359304Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 4 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1452014Inhibition of human wild type TTR expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21 assessed as fibril formation at 7.2 uM incubated for 30 mins measured after 96 hrs by light scattering method relative to control2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18
Stilbene Boronic Acids Form a Covalent Bond with Human Transthyretin and Inhibit Its Aggregation.
AID641148Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase activity of sucrase in rat small intestinal brush border membrane fraction using maltose as substrate after 30 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID1298285Reduction in dTTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID726363Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 200 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID458141Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065 at 100 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID1436093Inhibition of HFIP-induced human recombinant amyloid beta (1 to 42 residues) aggregation expressed in Escherichia coli measured over 24 hrs by ThT-based fluorescence spectroscopic method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 1262,4-Disubstituted quinazolines as amyloid-β aggregation inhibitors with dual cholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant properties: Development and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.
AID359189Blockade of rat Glut1 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake by scintillation spectrometry2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID359117Reversal of induction in ER.DNA complex in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by RT-PCR in presence of ICI-1827802007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID416677Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID759460Inhibition of self-mediated amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation (unknown origin) after 48 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID359309Effect on bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1A gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID642330Induction of QR1-mediated cytoprotective activity in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells at 50 uM assessed as cell survival2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1168356Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reversal of GSH depletion at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of 2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID610403Metabolic stability in human Caco2 cells after 6 hrs by LC-MS-MS analysis2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1290886Inhibition of Electrophorus electricus acetylcholinesterase using acetylthiocholine iodide substrate after 15 mins by spectrophotometric method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 26, Issue:8
Pterostilbene-O-acetamidoalkylbenzylamines derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of cholinesterase with anti-β-amyloid aggregation and antioxidant properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID458145Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis NCTC 9811 at 50 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID1571122Inhibition of self-induced aggregation of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) after 48 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorescence method2018MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11
Discovery of boron-containing compounds as Aβ aggregation inhibitors and antioxidants for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1060589Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation at 20 uM after 46 to 48 hrs by thioflavin-T based fluorometric assay2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 71Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imine resveratrol derivatives as multi-targeted agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1879004Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as early apoptotic cells by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 19.89 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1246395Agonist activity at ERalpha (301 to 553 amino acid residues) (unknown origin) assessed as induction of interaction with SRC1 after 24 hrs by yeast two-hybrid assay relative to isopaucifloral F2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102Synthesis, estrogenic activity, and anti-osteoporosis effects in ovariectomized rats of resveratrol oligomer derivatives.
AID549842Agonist activity at estrogen receptor in human Ishikawa cells assessed as increase of estradiol-induced alkaline phosphatase expression at 1 uM after 72 hrs relative to estradiol2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1198742Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity incubated for for 5 mins by microplate spectrophotometry2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93Antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidase by hydroxyl-functionalized 2-arylbenzo[b]furans.
AID1256170Inhibition of Quorum sensing system in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 assessed as inhibition of violacein synthesis at >100 uM after 18 hrs by spectrophotometric assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID1485919Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation at 20 uM after 46 to 48 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel chromone derivatives as balanced multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1264952Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 10 uM measured on day 1 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 97 to 101%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID359277Reversal of increase in pBMP2 expression in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM by luciferase method in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1336832Antioxidant activity assessed as fluorescent light-induced superoxide anion scavenging activity at 160 uM incubated for 10 mins by nitroblue tetrazolium dye based assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quinolines: Microwave-assisted synthesis and their antifungal, anticancer and radical scavenger properties.
AID402930Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 8 after 24 hrs2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID1311758Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 50 umol/L after 24 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1278610Antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced BALB/c mouse peritonitis model assessed as decrease in nitric oxide level in peritoneal exudates at 10 to 20 mg/kg administered via oral gavage 30 mins prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID491527Inhibition of aromatase at 34 uM2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID432133Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 40 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1772540Neuroprotective activity against PTZ-induced neuronal damage in 5 dpf zebrafish AB larvae assessed as effect on AChE activity at 10 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by removal of medium and subsequent addition of fresh medium containing PTZ and compounds m2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223Silyl resveratrol derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
AID333439Inhibition of peroxidase activity of COX1 in heep seminal vesicle by TMPD assay2004Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11
Mechanism-based inactivation of COX-1 by red wine m-hydroquinones: a structure-activity relationship study.
AID359101Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells xenografted in SCID mouse orthotropic model assessed as inhibition of 17beta estradiol-induced tumor formation at 10 mg/kg for 2 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1632230Lipophilicity, log P of the compound2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID378673Inhibition of PKC2006Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 69, Issue:1
A common protein fold topology shared by flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes and therapeutic targets.
AID1238826Retention time of the compound in C57BL/6J mouse feces treated with RAH at 200 mg/kg, ig by HPLC-CEAD analysis2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
Novel Resveratrol-Based Aspirin Prodrugs: Synthesis, Metabolism, and Anticancer Activity.
AID1826673Permeability of compound in PBS buffer at pH 7.4 by PAMPA-BBB assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID620718Induction of apoptosis in human HeLa cells assessed as increase in caspase 3 activity at 40 uM after 24 hrs by fluorimetry relative to control2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-13, Volume: 54, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of resveratrol-based nitrovinylstilbenes as antimitotic agents.
AID1878986Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as live cells at 25 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 66.08 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1198743Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93Antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidase by hydroxyl-functionalized 2-arylbenzo[b]furans.
AID1430671Cytotoxicity against human SU-DHL10 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 30 uM after 72 hrs by CellTitre-Glo luminescent assay relative to control2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID418724Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.
AID1379019Antioxidant activity assessed as inhibition of AAPH-induced peroxyl radical generation measured as trolox equivalent preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every min for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 139Novel cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids: Potent neurogenic agents with antioxidant, cholinergic, and neuroprotective properties as innovative drugs for Alzheimer's disease.
AID299633Neuronal differentiation activity assessed as increase in number of neurons at 0.1 uM in relative to 0.5 uM retinoic acid2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Dual bioactivity of resveratrol fatty alcohols: differentiation of neural stem cells and modulation of neuroinflammation.
AID264593Proapoptotic activity against human K562 cell line expressing Bcr-Abl2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID359540Effect on tumor necrosis factor gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1611934Inhibition of tyrosinase (unknown origin)2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-13, Volume: 61, Issue:17
Inhibitors of Melanogenesis: An Updated Review.
AID481124Displacement of FITC-conjugated BH3-Bak peptide from Vaccinia virus recombinant N1L expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by fluorescence polarization assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Vaccinia virus virulence factor N1L is a novel promising target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
AID1652958Oral bioavailability in human2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 161An overview of Sirtuins as potential therapeutic target: Structure, function and modulators.
AID1264949Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as decrease in cell number at 1 to 10 uM after 9 days by methylene blue staining based microscopy relative to control2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID1365632Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A to IC50 for human MAO-B2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of salicyladimine derivatives as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID713100Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated oxygen consumption using L-DOPA substrate at 100 uM after 30 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1298438Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Nef mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subsequen2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID294468ABTS radical scavenging activity assessed as trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6
Quinone reductase induction activity of methoxylated analogues of resveratrol.
AID359549Effect on peptidylprolyl isomerase A gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID474868Antioxidant activity assessed as galvinoxyl radical scavenging activity in ethyl acetate by UV-visible spectroscopy2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of hydroxyl-substituted Schiff bases.
AID333441Inactivation of holo-COX1 in sheep seminal vesicle assessed as drug oxidization at 23.5 nmol by RP-HPLC in presence of hydrogen peroxide2004Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11
Mechanism-based inactivation of COX-1 by red wine m-hydroquinones: a structure-activity relationship study.
AID674915Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH scavenging activity after 30 mins by microplate reader method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 22, Issue:17
The antioxidant effect of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1225530Reduction in Bcl-xL expression in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID491530Cell cycle arrest in human HL60 cells assessed as accumulation at sub-G1 phase at 34 uM after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1362760Inhibition of IL-6 production in ear tissue of croton oil-induced Balb/c mouse ear edema model at 0.1 mg/ear administered topically immediately post croton oil treatment by ELISA2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID549849Displacement of fluorescent estrogen ES2 from human recombinant ERalpha by fluorescence polarization assay relative to estradiol2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1486519Binding affinity to transthyretin in human blood plasma assessed as plasma binding selectivity by measuring stoichiometry of small molecule bound to TTR incubated for 24 hrs at 37 degC by RP-HPLC2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 27, Issue:15
Semi-quantitative models for identifying potent and selective transthyretin amyloidogenesis inhibitors.
AID1278608Antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced BALB/c mouse peritonitis model assessed as decrease in number of leukocytes in peritoneal exudates at 10 to 20 mg/kg administered via oral gavage 30 mins prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1372026Antioxidant activity assessed as relative scavenging rate constant for photolysis-induced methyl radical scavenging activity by measuring Kaox/Kst ratio using DMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID491614Inhibition of iNOS-mediated nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW 264.7 cells at 34 uM pretreated 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 20 hrs by Griess reaction method relative to control2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID655179Cell cycle arrest in human HepG2 cells assessed as accumulation at subG0 phase at 50 uM after 24 hrs by FACS analysis relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID1298408Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in total mutation frequency at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs p2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1311780Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as COX2 levels at 25 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 159.64 +/- 13.56 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID716916Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells assessed as suppression of cell viability at 12.5 to 200 uM after 72 hrs2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1872730Inhibition of Amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self aggregation at 25 uM incubated for 24 hrs by ThT-based fluorescence assay relative to control2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1225527Reduction in procaspase 3 expression in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID1418631Disaggregation of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils at 50 uM after 24 hrs by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic analysis2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID614088Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea FSU 883 at 10 mg/ml after 24 to 72 hrs by agar diffusion method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 19, Issue:17
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of (E) stilbene derivatives.
AID1336833Antioxidant activity assessed as fluorescent light-induced superoxide anion scavenging activity incubated for 10 mins by nitroblue tetrazolium dye based assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quinolines: Microwave-assisted synthesis and their antifungal, anticancer and radical scavenger properties.
AID724575Binding affinity to planer lipid bilayer assessed as change in height of semicircle pattern by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID336034Inhibition of bovine thymus p56LCK1993Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 56, Issue:10
Kinase inhibitors from Polygonum cuspidatum.
AID402927DPPH radical scavenging activity assessed as ratio of absorbance at 20 uM relative to L-cysteine2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID1371376Cytotoxicity against human MML1 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1311767Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as PGE2 levels at 25 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 33.2 +/- 2.33 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID738205Cytotoxicity against human KB cells assessed as growth inhibition measured at 100 uM after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID273484Antioxidant activity measured as ability to react with ABTS radical cation at 15 uM by TRAP assay2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-30, Volume: 49, Issue:24
Substituted trans-stilbenes, including analogues of the natural product resveratrol, inhibit the human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB.
AID1309180Inhibition of preformed Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM after 4 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID468423Cmax in intragastrically dosed rat at 0.09 mmol/kg after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 19, Issue:23
Soluble polyphenols: synthesis and bioavailability of 3,4',5-tri(alpha-D-glucose-3-O-succinyl) resveratrol.
AID1298364Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in gag level at 50 uM measured at 6 hrs post infection by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID735499Ratio of EC50 for SIRT1 R446A mutant (unknown origin) to EC50 for wild type SIRT1 (unknown origin)2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID655177Cell cycle arrest in human HepG2 cells assessed as accumulation at S phase at 50 uM after 24 hrs by FACS analysis (Rvb = 29.5 %)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID713099Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase assessed as L-DOPA oxidation HPLC analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1264947Induction of osteogenic differentiation in human MSC assessed as increase in ALP activity at 10 uM using p-NPP as substrate after 9 days by colorimetric method relative to control2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID692942Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells at 10 uM for 4 days by vi-cell cell viability analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1309168Binding affinity to amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) by tyrosine fluorimetric titration assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1632200Cytotoxicity against human MDAH 2774 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID640884Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity after 30 mins by microplate reader assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 22, Issue:2
Antioxidative oligostilbenes from Caragana sinica.
AID637955Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori Ba142 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1256176Inhibition of Quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as inhibition of pyocyanin production at 400 uM after 16 to 18 hrs by spectrophotometric assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID1203643Cell cycle arrest in human Bel7402 cells assessed as cells accumulation at S phase at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 13.99%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1452013Competitive binding affinity to human wild type TTR expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21 assessed as equilibrium dissociation constant of second site in presence of ANS by spectrofluorometer2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18
Stilbene Boronic Acids Form a Covalent Bond with Human Transthyretin and Inhibit Its Aggregation.
AID332219Inhibition of DMBA-induced preneoplastic lesions in mouse mammary gland organ culture at 10 ug/mL2002Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 65, Issue:2
Constituents of the bark and twigs of Artocarpus dadah with cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity.
AID1362741Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 50 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1879029Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir assessed as increase in albumin level in serum at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1534713Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A to IC50 for human MAO-B2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Synthesis and evaluation of isoprenylation-resveratrol dimer derivatives against Alzheimer's disease.
AID501909Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 6 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID738213Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID359079Increase in osteocalcin mRNA levels in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID697065Inhibition of duck liver FASN ketoreductase activity2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16
The lipogenesis pathway as a cancer target.
AID738184Inhibition of Ets signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1570232Antioxidant activity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as increase in hypoxia-induced reduction of MnSOD expression at 2 uM preincubated for 18 hrs followed by incubated in hypoxia for 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID1879030Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as increase in bilirubin level in serum at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1081912Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana assessed as growth inhibition after 48 hr by NCCLS M27-A broth microdilution method2011Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 59, Issue:5
Biological activity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) phytoalexins and selected natural and synthetic Stilbenoids.
AID1362746Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced CCL-2 production by measuring CCL-2 levels incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 48 hrs by ELISA (Rvb = 12.73 +/- 0.10 ng/ml)2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1570230Antioxidant activity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as reduction in hypoxia-induced NO release at 80 nM to 2 uM preincubated for 18 hrs followed by incubated in hypoxia for 48 hrs by griess assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID432162Inhibition of FSL1-induced upregulation of dectin-1 mRNA expression in in human THP1 cells at 100 uM after 1 hr by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID416708Antimitotic activity in Lytechinus variegatus embryo assessed as inhibition of blastula formation at 43.8 uM relative to control2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID331047Activation of human SIRT1-A (156-664) construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID289278Inhibition of ovine COX1 by measuring PGE22007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18
'Bridged' stilbene derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors.
AID359111Increase in serum BMP2 levels in orally dosed ovariectomized Wistar rat after 10 weeks by ELISA relative to sham operated control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1083162Antifungal activity against Neofusicoccum parvum Bp0014 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID1608173Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in HO-1 mRNA expression at 6 uM by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID359313Effect on procollagen 9 alpha 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1203635Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID271283Inhibition of COX1 assessed as TBX2 production in human whole blood2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and biological evaluation of phenylazobenzenesulfonamides.
AID1428599Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation incubated for 24 hrs under dark condition by thioflavin-T based fluorometric assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID1534714Antioxidant activity assessed as inhibition of DPPH free radical after 30 mins by UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Synthesis and evaluation of isoprenylation-resveratrol dimer derivatives against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1884078Bactericidal activity against Enterococcus faecalis V583 at 128 uM measured upto 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1611504Thermal stability of compound in DMSO/methanol assessed as onset temperature by UV spectroscopic method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID430025Antiproliferative activity against P-gp expressing human DLKP-A cells assessed as cell proliferation at 10 uM after 5 days by acid phosphatase assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 17, Issue:13
Synthesis, structural characterisation and biological evaluation of fluorinated analogues of resveratrol.
AID620728Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-13, Volume: 54, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of resveratrol-based nitrovinylstilbenes as antimitotic agents.
AID1178156Antioxidant activity of the compound assessed as reduction in absorbance of DPPH after 60 mins incubation at 1000 uM by DPPH radical scavenging /microplate assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID1894199Inhibition of amyloid beta 42 (unknown origin) at 20 uM relative to control2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 214Amyloid-β and tau aggregation dual-inhibitors: A synthetic and structure-activity relationship focused review.
AID491525Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH scavenging activity at 340 uM after 30 mins2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1225520Reduction in serum dihydrotestosterone in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by ELISA2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID692953Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in c-Myc protein level at 100 uM by Western blotting2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID455031Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID598204Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril formation at 5 uM by UV-visible spectrometry analysis2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 19, Issue:10
Protective effect of ε-viniferin on β-amyloid peptide aggregation investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID1399532Inhibition of recombinant full length tau 0N4R (unknown origin) aggregation expressed in Escherichia coli at 20 uM after 72 hrs by thioflavin S assay relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:16
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-acridone analogues as potential dual inhibitors for amyloid-beta and tau aggregation.
AID634527Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite production after 24 hrs by Griess method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 19, Issue:24
Synthesis and study of new paramagnetic resveratrol analogues.
AID655204Inhibition of human FHCC-98 cell adhesion to matrigel-coated plates at 50 uM after 30 to 60 mins by crystal violet staining-based spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID1430692Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as resveratrol-glucuronide formation at 5 uM by LC-MS/MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID638151Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G204 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID359315Effect on procollagen 4 alpha 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1178162In vitro photoprotection of the compound assessed as UVA protection factor by Optometric 290S analyzer2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID641064Antihyperglycemic activity in ddY mouse assessed as inhibition of sucrose-induced increase in plasma glucose level at 200 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before sucrose challenge measured after 0.5 hrs (Rvb = 220.5 +/- 16.9 mg/dl)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID1609865Inhibition of recombinant human N-terminal His-tagged SGK1 at 50 uM using (GRPRTSSFAEGKK) peptide as substrate incubated for 30 mins in presence of [32P] gamma ATP by scintillation counter method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID359099Reduction in anchorage-independent colony formation of human MCF7 cells at 1 uM by soft agar colony forming assay2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID370919Inhibition of COX12009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a library of resveratrol analogues as inhibitors of COX-1, COX-2 and NF-kappaB.
AID642343Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID409730Inhibition of PTP1B2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18
Derivatives of 1,4-bis(3-hydroxycarbonyl-4-hydroxyl)styrylbenzene as PTP1B inhibitors with hypoglycemic activity.
AID359092Increase in serum ALP activity in ovariectomized Wistar rat dosed orally after 10 weeks2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1406253Inhibition of human BChE using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured for 1 min by Ellman's assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Multi-target-directed ligands for treating Alzheimer's disease: Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors displaying antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.
AID1168355Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction ALT level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of isonia2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1573648Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in HO-1 level at 6 uM by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID1884094Antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 assessed as intracellular ATP levels at 32 uM measured upto 120 min by BacTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID474870Growth inhibition of human HepG2 cells after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of hydroxyl-substituted Schiff bases.
AID1333804Cell cycle arrest in human HeLa cells assessed as accumulation at G2/M phase at 50 uM after 24 hrs by propidium iodide-based FACS analysis (Rvb = 7.12%)2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1326306Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Recent advances in the discovery and development of antibacterial agents targeting the cell-division protein FtsZ.
AID1168376Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as effect on NADH concentration at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose 2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1362659Toxicity in Tetrahymena thermophila assessed as decrease in viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
AID1278612Antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced BALB/c mouse paw edema model assessed as decrease in paw volume administered orally 30 mins prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 1 to 6 hrs by plethysmometric analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1440193Activation of human C-terminal His6-tagged SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as increase in deacetylated peptide substrate level using p53-derived substrate incubated for 25 mins in presence of NAD+ by mass spectrometric method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Design, synthesis of allosteric peptide activator for human SIRT1 and its biological evaluation in cellular model of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1298441Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Vif mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subseque2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1519071Cytotoxicity against C57BL/6 mouse B16F10 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID359124Reversal of increase in ER.DNA complex in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by RT-PCR in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID608254Antibacterial activity against 1 x 10'4 cfu/mL Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 24 hrs by NCCLS M7-A6 microtiter broth dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 46, Issue:8
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new benzofuran derivatives.
AID1311769Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as NO levels at 5 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.052 umol/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1825236Activation of SIRT1 (unknown origin) expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as increase in NAD+/NADH ratio at 10 to 40 uM in presence of NAD+ as substrate incubated for 12 hrs by NAD+/NADH assay based fluorescence microplate reader
AID1872722Inhibition of HFIP-treated Amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self aggregation incubated for 46 to 48 hrs by fluorescence based assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1611503Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 100 uM incubated for 60 mins by spectrophotometric method relative to control2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID1608147Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in GCLM protein expression by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID207127The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (bacteria) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1570228Cytoprotective activity against hypoxia-induced toxicity rat H9c2 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 20 uM preincubated for 18 hrs followed by incubated in hypoxia for 48 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID724380Antioxidant activity in planer lipid bilayer membrane assessed as inhibition of DPPH-induced reduction in diameter of semicircle at 50 to 100 uM by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID289282Relaxing effect on guinea pig aorta ring assessed as reduction of force of contraction at 100 uM2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18
'Bridged' stilbene derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors.
AID1718916Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human hFOB1.19 cells to IC50 for human MG-63 cells2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-24, Volume: 63, Issue:24
Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Inhibitors in Oncology-A Promise for a Better Therapeutic Outcome: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.
AID337730Effect on Agrobacterium tumefaciens-induced crown gall tumor in potato tubers by potato disk assay relative to control
AID359537Effect on transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID501905Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 3 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID479979Inhibition of human recombinant NQO2 assessed as reduction of DCPIP by spectrophotometry2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 20, Issue:9
Imidazoacridin-6-ones as novel inhibitors of the quinone oxidoreductase NQO2.
AID359526Effect on matrix metalloprotease 9 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359088Increase in osteopontin levels in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by ELISA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1264957Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 5 uM treated for 6 days measured on day 7 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 96 to 101%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID1573653Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in GCLM mRNA expression at 6 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID1826675Neuroprotective activity against okadaic acid induced toxicity in rat primary cortical neurons cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 1 uM by MTT assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID458151Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis NCTC 9811 after 20 hrs by plate dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID150946In vitro inhibition of P388 (murine leukemia) cell proliferation.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID359523Effect on matrix metalloprotease 13 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID264591Proapoptotic activity against MDR human HL60R cell line2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID725752Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
Novel Aza-resveratrol analogs: synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines.
AID1826674Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as cell viability at 100 uM incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID1872743Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical scavenging activity measured after 6 mins2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID719267Inhibition of LPS-induced iNOS activity in mouse RAW 264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of NO production pretreated with compound for 30 mins before LPS challenge after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID521220Inhibition of neurosphere proliferation of mouse neural precursor cells by MTT assay2007Nature chemical biology, May, Volume: 3, Issue:5
Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells.
AID595052Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of resveratrol derivatives possessing chalcone moiety as potential antitubulin agents.
AID1314122Radioprotective activity in rat thymocytes assessed as radio-modification factor pretreated at 10 uM followed by 2 Gy X-ray irradiation measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID642091Inhibition of human aromatase using dibenzylfluorescein as substrate preincubated for 30 mins measured after 2 hrs by fluorimetry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID638062Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G104 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1298266Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as decrease in 5-Aza-C EC50 at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs and subsequent viral inf2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1407181Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity measured after 30 mins incubation in dark by UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Donepezil-butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) hybrids as Anti-Alzheimer's disease agents with cholinergic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties.
AID1616106Inhibition of ATP synthase in Escherichia coli relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Recent advancements in mechanistic studies and structure activity relationship of F
AID1168377Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in TNFalpha level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose o2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1391154Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 asexual cultures grown under 5% haematocrit assessed as decrease in parasite DNA level by flow cytometry2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 28, Issue:8
Evaluation of analogues of furan-amidines as inhibitors of NQO2.
AID1872721Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B incubated for 15 mins by Amplex red MAO assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1278618Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 0.06 to 200 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1362759Inhibition of myeloperoxidase activity in ear tissue of croton oil-induced Balb/c mouse ear edema model at 0.1 mg/ear administered topically immediately post croton oil treatment by spectrophotometric method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID478952Antiproliferative activity against human H460 cells after 72 hrs2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 18, Issue:10
Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of stilbene-coumarin hybrid compounds: Identification of novel proapoptotic agents.
AID749800Antiangiogenic activity against BAEC assessed as inhibition of tube formation after 7 hrs by matrigel assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Inhibition of VEGF expression in cancer cells and endothelial cell differentiation by synthetic stilbene derivatives.
AID166395Inhibitory effect on PGE-2 production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9
Styrylheterocycles as a novel class inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2-mediated prostaglandin E(2) production.
AID724572Induction of blebbing morphology in human erythrocytes up to 100 uM after 1 hr by cold field emission scanning electron microscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1311777Inhibition of NFkappaB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as protein levels at 50umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 1.23 +/- 0.06 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1362646Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM measured on day 7 by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 391.27 +/- 8.68 No_unit)
AID638155Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 328 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1854423Inhibition of recombinant LSD1 (unknown origin) incubated for 1 hr2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240A comprehensive comparative study on LSD1 in different cancers and tumor specific LSD1 inhibitors.
AID1570229Cytoprotective activity against hypoxia-induced toxicity rat H9c2 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 20 uM incubated for 18 hrs in hypoxia measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID1608148Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in GCLC protein expression by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID82976In vitro concentration required to induce apoptosis in HL60 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of resveratrol and analogues as apoptosis-inducing agents.
AID1278604Antiinflammatory activity in BALB/c mouse paw edema model assessed as decrease in myeloperoxidase activity in paw exudates at 20 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by microplate reader analysis relative to c2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1314123Radioprotective activity in rat thymocytes assessed as radio-modification factor pretreated at 100 uM followed by 2 Gy X-ray irradiation measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID1333786Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human L02 cells to IC50 for human HCT116 cells2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID359074Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells at 1 uM by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID432145Inhibition of FSL-1-induced increase in phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1352508Neuroprotective activity in 3-NP intoxicated C57BL/6 mouse model assessed as increase in SOD2 expression at 5.5 mg/kg, ip administered for 5 days by qRT-PCR analysis2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
AID682967Inhibition of adipogenesis in mouse 3T3L1 cells assessed as fat accumulation at 100 uM after 8 days by oil red O-staining based by ELISA plate reader2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Anti-adipogenic chromone glycosides from Cnidium monnieri fruits in 3T3-L1 cells.
AID639322Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G27 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID359089Increase in osteopontin levels in human MG63 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by ELISA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID762883Induction of SIRT1-mediated NRF-1 expression in H2O2-induced HUVEC pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by RT-PCR analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID1717735Inhibition of human tyrosinase expressed in HEK293 cells2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22
Advances in the Design of Genuine Human Tyrosinase Inhibitors for Targeting Melanogenesis and Related Pigmentations.
AID638055Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 18C7 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1362632Inhibition of BACE 1 (unknown origin) at 10 to 50 uM using Rh-EVNLDAEFK-Quencher as substrate after 1 hr by FRET assay relative to control
AID359085Increase in osteopontin mRNA levels in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1379010Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured up to 180 secs by spectrophotometric analysis2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 139Novel cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids: Potent neurogenic agents with antioxidant, cholinergic, and neuroprotective properties as innovative drugs for Alzheimer's disease.
AID1379020Inhibition of HFIP pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-aggregation at 20 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 139Novel cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids: Potent neurogenic agents with antioxidant, cholinergic, and neuroprotective properties as innovative drugs for Alzheimer's disease.
AID1884060Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus LMG 8224 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID359115Reversal of increase in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing pBMP2/mERE mutant at 1 uM after 4 hrs by luciferase method2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID432155Inhibition of heat killed Escherichia coli K12-induced TNF alpha production in mouse RAW264.7 cells at 1 to 100 uM after 6 hrs by ELISA2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID432159Inhibition of FSL1-induced upregulation of MSR1 mRNA expression in in human THP1 cells at 100 uM after 1 hr by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1309176Inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM preincubated for 5 mins followed by amyloid beta (1 to 40) addition measured after 3 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID638054Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 17C7 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1182051Induction of quinone reductase 1 in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2014Journal of natural products, Jul-25, Volume: 77, Issue:7
Spongiapyridine and related spongians isolated from an Indonesian Spongia sp.
AID359114Increase in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing pBMP2delta2 mutant at 1 uM after 4 hrs by luciferase method relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID430021Antiproliferative activity against P-gp expressing human DLKP-A cells after 5 days by acid phosphatase assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 17, Issue:13
Synthesis, structural characterisation and biological evaluation of fluorinated analogues of resveratrol.
AID501908Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 5b after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID1298271Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in viral infectivity at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to viral infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by flow cytometric analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1168357Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as increase in catalase activity depletion at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID718777Inhibition of amyloid beta (1-42) aggregation at 20 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence method relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of resveratrol derivatives as Aß(₁-₄₂) aggregation inhibitors, antioxidants, and neuroprotective agents.
AID1480854Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) fibril formation at 20 uM measured up to 48 hrs by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopy2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID719274Induction of quinone reductase-1 activity in mouse TAOc1BPrc1 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID1351441Upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 levels in malignant hepatic tissue of cancer patient at 5 g/day, po administered for 10 to 21 days by immunohistochemistry relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-20, Volume: 144Natural compounds and combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment.
AID1467690Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of calcium influx at 30 uM after 6 mins by Fluo-4 dye-based assay relative to AITC2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
Synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as new analgesic drugs through desensitization of the TRPA1 receptor.
AID359504Effect on growth differentiation factor 10 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID67900the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Enterococcus faecalis (bacteria) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID359071Increase in proliferation of human MG63 cells at 0.1 to 10 uM after 24 hr by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1878994Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as increase in Bcl-2 expression at 10 to 50 uM by Western blot analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1298350Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of A to T transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing me2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1245574Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell survival at 100 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 23, Issue:19
Deprotometalation-iodolysis and computed CH acidity of 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles. Application to the synthesis of resveratrol analogues.
AID719285Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate at 20 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID1879024Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as reduction in serum AST level at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID642090Inhibition of human aromatase using dibenzylfluorescein as substrate at 50 uM preincubated for 30 mins measured after 2 hrs by fluorimetry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1362755Immunomodulatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in MHC-2 expression at 50 uM incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID251315Percent of apoptosis in MDA MB 468 Cell line determined by Annexin-V-FITC/PI analysis at 10 uM2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 48, Issue:4
Synthesis, antitumor evaluation, and apoptosis-inducing activity of hydroxylated (E)-stilbenes.
AID432156Inhibition of heat killed Escherichia coli K12-induced TNF alpha production in human THP1 cells at 1 to 100 uM after 6 hrs by ELISA2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1152217Binding affinity to rat brain cell membrane2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 24, Issue:12
Cell membrane mediated (-)-epicatechin effects on upstream endothelial cell signaling: evidence for a surface receptor.
AID1298351Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of T to A transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing me2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1362636Antioxidant activity assessed as AAPH radical scavenging activity at 1 to 16 uM by ORAC assay
AID1420918Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID359078Increase in ALP activity in rat primary osteoblast cells at 0.1 to 10 uM after 7 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1272530Agonist activity at rat TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium level in absence of AITC2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
TRPA1 channels as targets for resveratrol and related stilbenoids.
AID730556Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced increase of c-Fos expression in brain cortex at 100 mg/kg, po by immunohistochemistry analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID402926Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 2 after 24 hrs2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID1647483Inhibition of PTP1B (unknown origin) assessed as decrease in p-nitrophenolate formation using using pNPP as substrate incubated for 15 mins by spectrophotometric method2020Journal of natural products, 02-28, Volume: 83, Issue:2
Stilbenes with Potent Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Inhibitory Activity from the Roots of
AID331040Activation of human SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by mass spectrometry assay2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID1278617Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells at 2.5 to 10 uM by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID568507Induction of NQO1 activity in mouse Hepa1c1c7 cells assessed as concentration required to twofold increase of NQO1 activity at IC50 concentration relative to control2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Methoxylation of resveratrol: effects on induction of NAD(P)H quinone-oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) activity and growth inhibitory properties.
AID1872741Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity measured after 20 mins2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID730940Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced increase of c-Fos expression in L3-L6 spinal segments at 100 mg/kg, po by immunohistochemistry analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1371379Cytotoxicity against human LN229 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID549837Activity at AhR expressed in mouse H1L1.1c2 cells co-expressing XRE assessed as induction luciferase gene expression at 1 uM after 72 hrs relative to benzo[b]fluoranthene2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1298388Effect on dRGU-TP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1298406Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in mutation frequency at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1879025Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as reduction in serum ALT level at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID759448Induction of disaggregation of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) fibril (unknown origin) at 50 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1674578Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2020Journal of natural products, 08-28, Volume: 83, Issue:8
Generation of Stilbene Antimicrobials against Multiresistant Strains of
AID432148Inhibition of FSL-1-induced increase in phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in number of cells phagocytosing bacteria per cell after 1 hr by CLSM2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1878978Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as live cells by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 64.40 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID468428AUC in intragastrically dosed rat assessed as total metabolite level at 0.09 mmol/kg after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 19, Issue:23
Soluble polyphenols: synthesis and bioavailability of 3,4',5-tri(alpha-D-glucose-3-O-succinyl) resveratrol.
AID650853Inhibition of iNOS in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells after 18 hrs2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID1335884Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124Discovery of oral-available resveratrol-caffeic acid based hybrids inhibiting acetylated and phosphorylated STAT3 protein.
AID1371385Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1370960Inhibition of SIRT1 (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in Fluor de Lys deacetylation at 10 to 20 uM incubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 45 mins in presence of NAD/NADH by fluorescence assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-01, Volume: 28, Issue:3
SIRT1 activator isolated from artificial gastric juice incubate of total saponins in stems and leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID610235Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction in PGE2 level at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dosing f2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID713104Drug metabolism assessed as oxidation of the compound at 100 uM after 10 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis in the presence of tyrosinase2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1534711Inhibition of human MAO-A preincubated for 15 mins followed by p-tyramine substrate addition and measured after 20 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Synthesis and evaluation of isoprenylation-resveratrol dimer derivatives against Alzheimer's disease.
AID347336Activation of human SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21Start assessed as maximum activation of enzyme activity by mass spectrometry assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-12, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Discovery of imidazo[1,2-b]thiazole derivatives as novel SIRT1 activators.
AID1298412Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in U5-gag level at 50 uM measured at 6 hrs post infection by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1333782Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1309177Inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM preincubated for 5 mins followed by amyloid beta (1 to 40) addition measured after 7 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1519073Stability of compound in DMSO at 10 mM incubated for 24 hrs by HPLC analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID1362751Antiproliferative activity against Con-A-induced T cells isolated from splenocytes of C57/BL6 mouse at 50 uM incubated with Con-A for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID359100Reduction in anchorage-independent colony formation of human T47D cells at 1 uM by soft agar colony forming assay2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1430668Octanol/phosphate buffer partition co-efficient, log D of the compound at 75 uM at pH 7.4 after 2 hrs by LC-Ms/MS based shake-flask method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID1461522Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity incubated for 30 mins2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 27, Issue:15
Synthesis and evaluation of hydroxychalcones as multifunctional non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
AID692944Cytotoxicity against human LS 174T cells at 10 uM for 2 days by vi-cell cell viability analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID359094Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID738197Inhibition of smad3/4 signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of TGF-beta induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1406254Inhibition of human AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate assessed as residual activity at 10 uM preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured for 1 min by Ellman's assay relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Multi-target-directed ligands for treating Alzheimer's disease: Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors displaying antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.
AID721440Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Bioactive barrigenol type triterpenoids from the leaves of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge.
AID359330Effect on procollagen 2 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID432165Inhibition of phagocytosis of heat killed FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in HEK293 at 100 uM after 1 hr2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID738187Inhibition of Myc signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1256167Antibacterial activity in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 at >50 ug/well by agar-well diffusion method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID1418623Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID359077Increase in ALP activity in human MG63 cells at 0.1 to 10 uM after 7 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID416363Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID1278605Inhibition of ovine COX-1 using arachidonic acid as substrate assessed as PGE2 production preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition incubated for 2 mins by ELISA2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID608337Antibacterial activity against 1 x 10'4 cfu/mL Bacillus subtilis ATCC 33712 after 24 hrs by NCCLS M7-A6 microtiter broth dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 46, Issue:8
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new benzofuran derivatives.
AID294469Cytotoxicity against mouse Hepa 1c1c7 cells assessed as cell viability at 12.5 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6
Quinone reductase induction activity of methoxylated analogues of resveratrol.
AID1317148Drug absorption in human at 50 uCi, po up to 12 hrs using 14C-labeled compound by scintillation counting method2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119How much successful are the medicinal chemists in modulation of SIRT1: A critical review.
AID1362750Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production by measuring TNFalpha levels incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 48 hrs by ELISA (Rvb = 58.6 +/- 7.4 ng/ml)2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID416975Induction of DNA fragmentation in human HL60 cells at 150 uM after 48 hrs by ethidium bromide based gel electrophoresis2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID1311772Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as iNOS levels at 5 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 31.63 +/- 3.26 U/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1298275Cytotoxicity against human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM measured at 72 hrs by Celltiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1168372Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in PPAR-gamma mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID724375Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells at 100 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1168379Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in IL-10 level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of i2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1566059Cytotoxicity against human TOV112D cells expressing NQO2 assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Discovery of potent 4-aminoquinoline hydrazone inhibitors of NRH:quinoneoxidoreductase-2 (NQO2).
AID1371455Plasma concentration in mouse at 10 mg/kg, iv at 60 mins by LC-MS/MS method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID239674Binding affinity for estrogen receptor (ER) alpha of MCF-7 cell cytosol incubated with 2 nM [3H]estradiol; Agonist2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1
Synthesis and biological properties of new stilbene derivatives of resveratrol as new selective aryl hydrocarbon modulators.
AID696072Stability in RPMI medium at 37 degC assessed as compound degradation incubated for 24 hrs2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 54, Issue:15
Polysulfated xanthones: multipathway development of a new generation of dual anticoagulant/antiplatelet agents.
AID1245576Antiproliferative activity human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell survival after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 23, Issue:19
Deprotometalation-iodolysis and computed CH acidity of 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles. Application to the synthesis of resveratrol analogues.
AID762892Inhibition of H2O2-induced HUVEC senescence pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by SA-beta galactosidase staining-based assay2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID1878991Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as early apoptotic cells at 50 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 18.71 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1305341Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta 40 (unknown origin) aggregation measured for 24 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorescence spectroscopic analysis2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-12, Volume: 7, Issue:5
Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Isomeric 2,4-Diaminoquinazolines on β-Amyloid Aggregation Kinetics.
AID1396267Antiproliferative activity against human CAR cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-07, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Synthesis and antitumor activity of bis(hydroxymethyl)propionate analogs of pterostilbene in cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer cells.
AID359109Reversal of increase in ER.DNA complex in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM by RT-PCR in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1519075Cytotoxicity against C57BL/6 mouse B16F10 cells assessed as increase in membrane blebbing at 50 uM incubated for 48 hrs by microscopic method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID1879008Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as live cells in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 64.40 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1309165Binding affinity to Mg2+ using MgSO4 at 20 uM after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1674577Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 510 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2020Journal of natural products, 08-28, Volume: 83, Issue:8
Generation of Stilbene Antimicrobials against Multiresistant Strains of
AID458147Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis NCTC 9811 at 200 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID713101Activation of mushroom tyrosinase assessed as L-DOPA oxidation at 100 uM after 30 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID457446Cytotoxicity against human PANC1 cells at 50 uM after 72 hrs by WST-1 assay in presence of gemcitabine2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
Synthesis of 4'-ester analogs of resveratrol and their evaluation in malignant melanoma and pancreatic cell lines.
AID620776Induction of apoptosis in human HeLa cells assessed as increase in caspase 3 activity at 5 uM after 24 hrs by fluorimetry2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-13, Volume: 54, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of resveratrol-based nitrovinylstilbenes as antimitotic agents.
AID1311779Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as COX2 levels at 5 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 159.64 +/- 13.56 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1467682Inhibition of human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in AITC-induced calcium influx at 3 uM preincubated for 6 mins followed by AITC addition measured for 1 min by Fluo-4 dye-based assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
Synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as new analgesic drugs through desensitization of the TRPA1 receptor.
AID1390538Inhibition of aromatase (unknown origin)2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-01, Volume: 26, Issue:8
Studies on non-steroidal inhibitors of aromatase enzyme; 4-(aryl/heteroaryl)-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)thiazole derivatives.
AID1418635Disaggregation of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils assessed as remaining amyloid beta aggregation level at 50 mM after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID1326318Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Recent advances in the discovery and development of antibacterial agents targeting the cell-division protein FtsZ.
AID638058Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 1C1 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1083169Antifungal activity against Neofusicoccum parvum assessed as growth inhibition at 500 uM measured after 1 to 10 days relative to control2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID1879031Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir assessed as increase in bilirubin level in serum at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID724381Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at >100 uM after 45 mins by UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis relative to vitamin C2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID294474Induction of quinone reductase activity in mouse Hepa 1c1c7 cells at 12.5 uM after 24 hrs relative to control2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6
Quinone reductase induction activity of methoxylated analogues of resveratrol.
AID1261080Selectivity ratio of IC50 for HEK293 cells to IC50 for human HT-29 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID1371369Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID432152Inhibition of heat killed Staphylococcus aureus 209P-induced NF-kappaB activation in HEK293 cells expressing TLR2 pretreated for 1 hr before 6 hrs heat killed bacterial stimulation by luciferase reporter gene assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1826671Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of ORAC radical scavenging activity preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition by ORAC-FL assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID1879020Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as increase in HGF expression at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by Western blot analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID735495Activation of SIRT1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in doxorubicin-induced acetyl-p53 level at <100 uM after 6 hrs by Western blotting analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID264592Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cell line expressing Bcr-Abl2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID724376Antioxidant activity in planer lipid bilayer membrane assessed as reduction in 100 uM DPPH-induced charge transfer resistance at 100 uM by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID359194Effect on ascorbic acid production from dehydroascorbic acid in human HL60 cells at >500 uM by HPLC2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID359175Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human HL60 cells by Michaelis-Menten plot2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID610239Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction of colon MIP1gamma level at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, 2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID598386Inhibition of tyrosinase2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
New halogenated phenylcoumarins as tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID1062137Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 assessed as repression of csgC expression at 20 ug/ml after 5 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID614089Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine-B colorimetric assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 19, Issue:17
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of (E) stilbene derivatives.
AID595051Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of resveratrol derivatives possessing chalcone moiety as potential antitubulin agents.
AID1371388Cytotoxicity against human MML1 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID478951Antiproliferative activity against human A431 cells after 72 hrs2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 18, Issue:10
Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of stilbene-coumarin hybrid compounds: Identification of novel proapoptotic agents.
AID1461517Inhibition of bovine milk xanthine oxidase pre-incubated for 30 mins followed by xanthine addition and measured every 30 secs for 5 mins by spectrophotometry2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 27, Issue:15
Synthesis and evaluation of hydroxychalcones as multifunctional non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
AID420374Inhibition of peptidase activity of human recombinant LTA4H expressed in Escherichia coli BL21-AI/pRARE2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15
Discovery of leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors using metabolomics biased fragment crystallography.
AID359535Effect on transforming growth factor beta 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1428597Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical scavenging activity incubated for 10 mins under dark condition2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID1371390Cytotoxicity against human U87 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID259473Cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma SHSY5Y cell line by MTT assay at 100 uM2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2
Rapid synthesis of triazole-modified resveratrol analogues via click chemistry.
AID730562Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced spontaneous nociception at 300 ug/site, icv2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID337726Cytotoxicity against mouse 3PS cells xenografted in mouse at 37 mg/kg relative to control
AID650842Inhibition of human aromatase using dibenzylfluorescein substrate preincubated for 30 mins measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID1607875Inhibition of COX2 (unknown origin) at 0.01 mM after 15 mins by ELISA relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 179Human disorders associated with inflammation and the evolving role of natural products to overcome.
AID1594639Cytoprotective effect against high glucose-induced oxidative stress in HUVEC assessed as cell viability at 5 uM incubated by MTT assay (Rvb = 72.1 to 77.9%)2019Journal of natural products, 06-28, Volume: 82, Issue:6
Isolation, Chiral-Phase Resolution, and Determination of the Absolute Configurations of a Complete Series of Stereoisomers of a Rearranged Acetophenone with Three Stereocenters.
AID359529Effect on platelet derived growth factor alpha gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID642334Induction of QR1 activity in mouse BPrc1 cells using MTT as substrate assessed as induction ratio by spectrophotometry relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1596636Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production at 10 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 175Novel resveratrol-based flavonol derivatives: Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo.
AID432142Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells assessed as reduction in ratio of number of bacterial cells to phagocytes using trypan blue staining by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1237125Half life of the compound2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of paralleled Aza resveratrol-chalcone compounds as potential anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of acute lung injury.
AID1261707Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH radical scavenging activity preincubated for 10 mins followed by AAPH challenge measured every min for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Available Clioquinol-Moracin M Hybrids as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for Cognitive Improvement in a Rat Model of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease.
AID1616104Inhibition of ATP synthase isolates from rat brain cells using succinate as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Recent advancements in mechanistic studies and structure activity relationship of F
AID501912Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 12 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID336155Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity after 30 mins2002Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 65, Issue:9
New diarylheptanoids from the stems of Carpinus cordata.
AID724382Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at <100 uM after 45 mins by UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis relative to vitamin C2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID713095Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated oxygen consumption at 100 uM using L-DOPA substrate incubated 30 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 60 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1372019Antioxidant activity assessed as Trolox equivalents of photolysis-induced hydroxyl radical scavenging activity using DMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID1884062Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus LMG 15975 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1362745Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS/IFNgamma-induced NO production by measuring NO levels incubated with LPS/IFNgamma for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 48 hrs by Griess assay (Rvb = 55 +/- 2.2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1298311Reduction in dATP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID403340Inhibition of COX22005Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 68, Issue:7
Expanding the ChemGPS chemical space with natural products.
AID725753Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells at 50 uM by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
Novel Aza-resveratrol analogs: synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines.
AID1780364Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay
AID1362762Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS/IFNgamma-induced NO production at 50 uM incubated with LPS/IFNgamma for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 48 hrs by Griess assay relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID638053Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 10Kb isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID759458Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH radical scavenging activity at 10 uM preincubated for 10 mins followed by AAPH challenge measured every min for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1278606Inhibition of human recombinant COX-2 using arachidonic acid as substrate assessed as PGE2 production preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition incubated for 2 mins by ELISA2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1281401Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 111Non-symmetrical furan-amidines as novel leads for the treatment of cancer and malaria.
AID1566058Cytotoxicity against human TOV112D cells transfected with empty vector assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Discovery of potent 4-aminoquinoline hydrazone inhibitors of NRH:quinoneoxidoreductase-2 (NQO2).
AID1155848Inhibition of tyrosinase in mouse Melan-a cells assessed as decrease in L-DOPA Vmax at 120 uM by Lineweaver-Burk plot2014Journal of natural products, Jun-27, Volume: 77, Issue:6
Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of a glucosylated hydroxystilbene in mouse melan-a melanocytes.
AID1662943Antioxidant activity assessed as hydroxyl radical scavenging activity by spectrophotometric analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 30, Issue:13
Synthesis, biological evaluation of benzothiazole derivatives bearing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID359173Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human HL60 cells at 75 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID359308Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 8b gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1178158Antioxidant activity of the compound assessed as reduction in absorbance of DPPH after 60 mins incubation at 100 uM by DPPH radical scavenging /microplate assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID1326319Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-1144 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Recent advances in the discovery and development of antibacterial agents targeting the cell-division protein FtsZ.
AID641149Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase activity of sucrase in rat small intestinal brush border membrane fraction using maltose as substrate at 400 uM after 30 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID1054194Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as G to A mutation at 50 uM (Rvb = 27%)2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID289283Relaxing effect on guinea pig arteria pulmonalis ring assessed as reduction of force of contraction at 100 uM2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18
'Bridged' stilbene derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors.
AID1298281Reduction in dTTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID458144Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065 at 600 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID1632222Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human T24 cells after 48 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID724383Induction of destruction morphology in human erythrocytes up to 100 uM after 1 hr by cold field emission scanning electron microscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1872755Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1298365Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in gag level at 50 uM measured at 12 to 72 hrs post infection by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID396462Inhibition of tyrosinase at 5 uM2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 19, Issue:2
Synthesis and in vitro biological activity of retinyl polyhydroxybenzoates, novel hybrid retinoid derivatives.
AID396439Toxicity against human dermal fibroblasts2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 19, Issue:2
Synthesis and in vitro biological activity of retinyl polyhydroxybenzoates, novel hybrid retinoid derivatives.
AID378676Inhibition of CK22006Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 69, Issue:1
A common protein fold topology shared by flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes and therapeutic targets.
AID1365631Inhibition of human MAO-B using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence-based Amplex Red MAO assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of salicyladimine derivatives as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID357965Inhibition of aromatase from human placental microsomes2001Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 64, Issue:10
Aromatase inhibitors from Broussonetia papyrifera.
AID1399534Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) fibril formation at 20 uM after 24 hrs by uranyl acetate staining-based transmission electron microscopic method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:16
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-acridone analogues as potential dual inhibitors for amyloid-beta and tau aggregation.
AID501904Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 2 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID331049Activation of human SIRT1-C construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID614619Binding affinity to recombinant C1B domain of PKCalpha expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) after 45 mins by fluorescence quenching assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 19, Issue:18
Chemical modifications of resveratrol for improved protein kinase C alpha activity.
AID1225521Reduction in proliferating cell nuclear antigen in prostate tissue expression in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID491528Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell survival at 20 ug/ml after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B method2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID738207Cytotoxicity against pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID331041Activation of SIRT2 by mass spectrometry assay2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID1168378Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in IL-12p70 level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose o2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1371383Cytotoxicity against human COLO201 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1436091Inhibition of HFIP-induced human recombinant amyloid beta (1 to 40 residues) aggregation expressed in Escherichia coli measured over 24 hrs by ThT-based fluorescence spectroscopic method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 1262,4-Disubstituted quinazolines as amyloid-β aggregation inhibitors with dual cholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant properties: Development and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.
AID1298332Reduction in dRGU-TP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1543526Antineuroinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production pretreated for 30 mins followed by LPS-stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 167Synthesis and evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-benzimidazole hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1519068Antimelanogenic activity against C57BL/6 mouse B16F10 cells incubated for 10 to 50 uM incubated for 24 hrs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID1261708Permeability of the compound at 100 ug/ml after 10 hrs by PAMPA assay2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Available Clioquinol-Moracin M Hybrids as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for Cognitive Improvement in a Rat Model of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease.
AID402925Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 4 after 24 hrs2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New stilbene derivatives from Calligonum leucocladum.
AID471944Growth inhibition of human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Antineoplastic agents. 579. Synthesis and cancer cell growth evaluation of E-stilstatin 3: a resveratrol structural modification.
AID1879015Downregulation of cleaved-caspase3 expression in TGF-beta1 induced C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic by Western blot analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID359093Inhibition of etoposide-induced apoptosis in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1362757Antiinflammatory activity in croton oil-induced Balb/c mouse ear edema model assessed as inhibition of leucocyte infiltration at 0.1 mg/ear administered topically immediately post croton oil treatment and measured after 4 hrs by hematoxylin and eosin stai2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID432134Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 60 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1464282Antineuroinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production after 24 hrs in presence of LPS by Griess reaction based assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 27, Issue:20
Natural neuro-inflammatory inhibitors from Caragana turfanensis.
AID471949Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Antineoplastic agents. 579. Synthesis and cancer cell growth evaluation of E-stilstatin 3: a resveratrol structural modification.
AID1480844Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH-induced radical scavenging activity at 1 uM pretreated for 15 mins followed by APPH challenge measured every minute for 240 mins by ORAC-FL assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID639327Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 10K isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID416676Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID404515Binding affinity to human serum albumin at 4 uM by UV-vis measurement2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12
Design, synthesis and spectroscopic studies of resveratrol aliphatic acid ligands of human serum albumin.
AID1210975Terminal half life in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg, iv2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID146551In vitro growth inhibition of NCI-H460 (human non-small cell lung carcinoma) cell line.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1210980Drug metabolism in human lung S9 fractions assessed as trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate formation preincubated for 3 mins followed by PAPS addition measured after 60 mins by Eadie-Hofstee plot analysis2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID416694Antimitotic activity in Lytechinus variegatus embryo assessed as inhibition of third cleavage at 43.8 uM relative to control2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID455040Cytotoxicity against human A498 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID264599Induction of differentiation of human HL60 cells at 10 uM measured as expression of monocytic marker CD14 after 4 days2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID1616105Inhibition of ATP synthase in Escherichia coli2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Recent advancements in mechanistic studies and structure activity relationship of F
AID359320Effect on procollagen 11alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1333793Antibacterial activity Streptococcus mutans 3289 at 64 ug/ml after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1339465Activation of Nrf2 (unknown origin) expressed in human HepG2 cells after 5 hrs by ARE-driven luciferase reporter gene assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-15, Volume: 25, Issue:4
Activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2 signaling by substituted trans stilbenes.
AID1298430Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Pol mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing method (Rvb = 18.5%)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID667233Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID724578Binding affinity to planer lipid bilayer assessed as reduction in diameter of semicircle pattern at up to 60 uM by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1062138Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 assessed as repression of csgB expression at 20 ug/ml after 5 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1399537Binding affinity to amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) by surface plasmon resonance assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:16
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-acridone analogues as potential dual inhibitors for amyloid-beta and tau aggregation.
AID1362749Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-12 production by measuring IL-12 levels incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 48 hrs by ELISA (Rvb = 4839.2 +/- 2.2 pg/ml)2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1418632Disaggregation of Fe3+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils at 75 uM after 24 hrs by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic analysis2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID226690Free radical scavenging activity of DPPH was determined; value taken from reference 112004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-19, Volume: 14, Issue:2
Syntheses and radical scavenging activities of resveratrol derivatives.
AID331054Activation of human SIRT1-H (240-664) construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID359182Inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake in human U937 cells by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID359544Effect on vascular endothelial growth factor A gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID719280Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate at 0.5 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID1210977Bioavailability in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg, iv2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID432168Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 60 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID359325Effect on procollagen 14alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1272524Agonist activity at rat TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium level relative to allyl isothiocyanate2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
TRPA1 channels as targets for resveratrol and related stilbenoids.
AID359055Reversal of increase in Src kinase phosphorylation in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID502077Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 9 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID1884068Antibacterial activity against Clostridium tetani CECT 4629 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1352511Neuroprotective activity in C57BL/6 mouse assessed as decrease in 3-NP-induced p53 expression at 5.5 mg/kg, ip administered for 5 days by qRT-PCR analysis2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
AID501910Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 7 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID1632229Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability at 2 to 500 uM after 24 hrs in presence of CAT by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID333442Effect on COX1 activity in sheep seminal vesicle at 5 uM by TMPD peroxidase assay2004Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11
Mechanism-based inactivation of COX-1 by red wine m-hydroquinones: a structure-activity relationship study.
AID1826672Displacement of 2-[125l]-lodomelatonin from QR2 in hamster brain homogenate by radioligand binding assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID404417Spasmolytic activity in guinea pig terminal ilea2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11
Benzanilides with spasmolytic activity: chemistry, pharmacology, and SAR.
AID440570Increase in mitochondrial function in mouse C2C12 cells assessed as enhancement of mitochondrial density at 50 uM after 16 hrs by green FM dye straining-based fluorescence assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-10, Volume: 52, Issue:17
Study of 1,4-dihydropyridine structural scaffold: discovery of novel sirtuin activators and inhibitors.
AID639329Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 10Kb isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1485914Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of APPH-induced radical scavenging activity at 1 to 10 uM preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every minute for 120 mins by ORAC fluorescein assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel chromone derivatives as balanced multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID713105Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated L-tyrosine oxidation at 100 uM after 60 mins by HPLC analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID331043Activation of SIRT1 in human U2OS cells assessed as decrease in p53 deacetylation level at 100 uM2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID1534715Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical cation scavenging activity by measuring trolox equivalents after 150 mins2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Synthesis and evaluation of isoprenylation-resveratrol dimer derivatives against Alzheimer's disease.
AID40024In vitro growth inhibition of BXPC-3 (human pancreatic adenocarcinoma) cell line.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID738176Inhibition of Wnt signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of Wnt3a induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID347335Activation of human SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21Start assessed as concentration required to increase 50% enzyme activity by mass spectrometry assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-12, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Discovery of imidazo[1,2-b]thiazole derivatives as novel SIRT1 activators.
AID726360Antioxidant activity against CCl4-induced oxidative hepatic injury Wistar albino rat model assessed as effect on liver cytosolic GSH-Px activity per mg protein at 100 mg/kg, ip for 7 consecutive days prior to CCL4 challenge measured 24 hrs post CCl4 chall2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID1608175Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in GCLC mRNA expression at 6 uM by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID378353Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase in human MCF7 cells after 6 hrs1999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
New bioactive flavonoids and stilbenes in cubé resin insecticide.
AID475504Binding affinity to amyloid beta (1 to 42) fibrils by change in fluorescence at 100 uM after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 19, Issue:17
A chemical screening approach reveals that indole fluorescence is quenched by pre-fibrillar but not fibrillar amyloid-beta.
AID468424AUC in intragastrically dosed rat assessed as resveratrol level at 0.09 mmol/kg after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 19, Issue:23
Soluble polyphenols: synthesis and bioavailability of 3,4',5-tri(alpha-D-glucose-3-O-succinyl) resveratrol.
AID1168374Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as effect on nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration 2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1372034Antioxidant activity assessed as rate constant for singlet oxygen scavenging activity in methanol solution by EPR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID416979Induction of apoptosis in human HL60 cells assessed as cell accumulation at sub-G1 phase at 150 uM after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID1418633Disaggregation of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils at 50 uM after 24 hrs by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic analysis2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID359095Inhibition of etoposide-induced apoptosis in rat primary osteoblast cells after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1298396Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID667230Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID395150ABTS radical scavenging activity assessed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1
QSAR study of antioxidant activity of wine polyphenols.
AID416674Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID634529Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production at 50 uM after 1.5 hrs by ELISA2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 19, Issue:24
Synthesis and study of new paramagnetic resveratrol analogues.
AID271285Selectivity index, IC50 for COX1/IC50 for COX2 in human whole blood2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and biological evaluation of phenylazobenzenesulfonamides.
AID1298349Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of A to C transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing me2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1314125Toxicity in rat thymocytes assessed as increase in cell death at 1 uM measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID549844Agonist activity at human ERbeta receptor expressed in human HEK293 cells co-expressing ERE assessed as increase of estradiol-induced luciferase gene expression at 1 uM after 18 hrs relative to estradiol2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1178157Antioxidant activity of the compound assessed as reduction in absorbance of DPPH after 60 mins incubation at 300 uM by DPPH radical scavenging /microplate assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID1272523Agonist activity at rat TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium level2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
TRPA1 channels as targets for resveratrol and related stilbenoids.
AID1290887Inhibition of rat serum butyrylcholinesterase using butyrylthiocholine iodide substrate after 15 mins by spectrophotometric method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 26, Issue:8
Pterostilbene-O-acetamidoalkylbenzylamines derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of cholinesterase with anti-β-amyloid aggregation and antioxidant properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1298435Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Pol mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subsequen2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1365633Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity after 30 mins2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of salicyladimine derivatives as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID650848Inhibition of TNF-alpha activated NF-kappaB expressed in HEK293 cells by luciferase reporter gene assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID1738184Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated human amyloid beta (1 to 42) self aggregation at 10 uM incubated for 36 to 48 hrs by thioflavin-T based fluorescence method relative to control
AID1780359Activation of recombinant human SIRT3 assessed as lysyl deacetylase activity using (Gln-Pro-Lys-Lys(Ac)) peptide substrate by fluorescent assay
AID1628088Activation of SIRT1 in human HaCaT cell nuclear extract at 1 uM by fluorimetric assay2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 59, Issue:4
1,4-Dihydropyridines Active on the SIRT1/AMPK Pathway Ameliorate Skin Repair and Mitochondrial Function and Exhibit Inhibition of Proliferation in Cancer Cells.
AID1662436Inhibition of human DNA polymerase-alpha (unknown origin)2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-24, Volume: 63, Issue:18
p62/SQSTM1, a Central but Unexploited Target: Advances in Its Physiological/Pathogenic Functions and Small Molecular Modulators.
AID1298369Increase of 5-Aza-C-mediated cytotoxicity against human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs measured after 72 hrs by Celltiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay (Rvb = 387 uM)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID455034Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID1570237Inhibition of 5-LOX in human PMNL cells assessed as A23187-stimulated LTB4 production preincubated for 15 mins followed by A23187 addition and measured after 10 mins by HPLC analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID1311764Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as IL1beta levels at 25 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 8.70 +/- 0.365 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID375989Antioxidant activity assessed as superoxide anion scavenging activity by xanthine oxidase oxidation system relative to control2006Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 69, Issue:4
Vanillic acid glycoside and quinic acid derivatives from Gardeniae Fructus.
AID333440Inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity of COX1 in sheep seminal vesicle in presence of 1 mM phenol by cyclooxygenase assay2004Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11
Mechanism-based inactivation of COX-1 by red wine m-hydroquinones: a structure-activity relationship study.
AID359336Effect on epidermal growth factor gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1333790Cytotoxicity against human Bel7402 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition at 100 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID359329Effect on procollagen 1 alpha 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID549850Neuroprotective activity in mouse HT22 cells assessed as protection against glutamate-induced oxytosis after 24 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID1428608Binding affinity to Cu2+ assessed as disaggregation of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation at 75 uM incubated for 24 hrs under dark condition by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID481137Displacement of FITC-conjugated BH3-Bak peptide from 1 uM Vaccinia virus recombinant N1L expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by fluorescence polarization assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Vaccinia virus virulence factor N1L is a novel promising target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
AID676662Antioxidant activity against ABTS radical assessed as trolox equivalent after 24 hr at pH 72012Journal of natural products, Jun-22, Volume: 75, Issue:6
Purification and antiradical properties of the structural unit of betalains.
AID375988Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity relative to control2006Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 69, Issue:4
Vanillic acid glycoside and quinic acid derivatives from Gardeniae Fructus.
AID359063Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 5 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID294477Induction of quinone reductase in mouse mutant Hepa 1c1c7c1 cells at 12.5 uM after 24 hrs relative to control2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6
Quinone reductase induction activity of methoxylated analogues of resveratrol.
AID416968Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in human PBL cells at 12.5 uM by Comet assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID1609878Induction of apoptosis in human HuH7 cells overexpressing EGFP at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by annexin V and 7-AAD staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1354541Antiinflammatory activity in mouse J774 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced IL6 expression after 24 hrs by ELISA2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
Natural Stilbenoids Have Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Vivo and Down-Regulate the Production of Inflammatory Mediators NO, IL6, and MCP1 Possibly in a PI3K/Akt-Dependent Manner.
AID359524Effect on matrix metalloprotease 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID614623Binding affinity to recombinant C1 domain of PKCalpha expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) after 45 mins by fluorescence quenching assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 19, Issue:18
Chemical modifications of resveratrol for improved protein kinase C alpha activity.
AID1220764Terminal half life in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg administered intraarterially by LC-MS/MS analysis2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Oct, Volume: 40, Issue:10
In vivo-formed versus preformed metabolite kinetics of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate and trans-resveratrol-3-glucuronide.
AID359083Increase in osteocalcin levels in human MG63 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by ELISA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID258724Inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in human2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 16, Issue:2
Design, synthesis, and vasorelaxant and platelet antiaggregatory activities of coumarin-resveratrol hybrids.
AID377457Estrogenic activity in human T47D cells assessed as drug level causing stimulation of cell proliferation equivalent to 10 pM estradiol by alamar blue assay2005Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 68, Issue:3
Phenolic constituents of the rhizomes of the Thai medicinal plant Belamcanda chinensis with proliferative activity for two breast cancer cell lines.
AID1362656Disaggregation of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM after 12 days by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 375.63 +/- 8.38 No_unit)
AID1281396Inhibition of human recombinant NQO2 using DCPIPas substrate and NRH as cofactor measured for 1 min by spectrophotometry in the absence of BSA2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 111Non-symmetrical furan-amidines as novel leads for the treatment of cancer and malaria.
AID359307Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 8a gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1879007Inhibition of apoptosis in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID416969Prooxidant activity assessed as induction calf thymus DNA damage in presence of 250 uM Cu(II) by ethidium bromide binding based fluorimetric assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID359292Decrease in Akt activation in human MDA-MB-231 cells expressing FOXO3a-specific small interfering RNA xenografted in nude mice at 10 mg/kg for 2 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1298415Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in U5-gag level at 50 uM after 2 to 72 hrs by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1391153Inhibition of recombinant human NQO2 assessed as change in rate of decolouration of DCPIP measured over 1 min by spectrophotometric method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 28, Issue:8
Evaluation of analogues of furan-amidines as inhibitors of NQO2.
AID1420921Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID716917Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase assessed as L-DOPA oxidation at 100 uM incubated 30 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 60 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1210978Drug metabolism in mouse lung S9 fractions assessed as trans-resveratrol-3-O-glucuronide formation preincubated for 3 mins followed by UDPGA addition measured after 60 mins by Eadie-Hofstee plot analysis2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID359306Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 7 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID510868Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 3 days by [3H]thymidine incorporation assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
In vitro and in vivo studies on stilbene analogs as potential treatment agents for colon cancer.
AID1351440Reduction in tumor cell proliferation in colorectal cancer patient at 0.5 to 1 g/day, po administered 8 times per day for 8 days by Ki-67 staining-based microscopic method relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-20, Volume: 144Natural compounds and combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment.
AID638154Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori MD6 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1609870Induction of apoptosis in human HuH7 cells assessed as increase in early apoptotic cells at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by annexin V and 7-AAD staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1298443Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Nef mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subseque2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID718775Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH-induced radical scavenging activity incubated for 10 mins prior to APPH challenge measured every minute for 120 mins by ORAC assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of resveratrol derivatives as Aß(₁-₄₂) aggregation inhibitors, antioxidants, and neuroprotective agents.
AID501915Inhibition of mouse carbonic anhydrase 15 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID359501Effect on fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1762745Antiinflammatory activity against mouse BV2 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production at 20 uM incubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay relative to control2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 38Ximaoglaucumins A - F, new cembranoids with anti-inflammatory activities from the South China Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum.
AID1333000Antioxidant activity in CCL4-intoxicated Wistar albino rat assessed as liver cytosolic catalase activity per mg protein at 100 mg/kg, ip administered for 7 consecutive days after DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate treatment followed by CCL4 dosing measured after2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 123Synthesis and evaluation of in vivo antioxidant, in vitro antibacterial, MRSA and antifungal activity of novel substituted isatin N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazones.
AID460548Antiaging effect in Saccharomyces cerevisiae K6001 assessed as extension of replicative life span after 2 days2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Ganodermasides A and B, two novel anti-aging ergosterols from spores of a medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum on yeast via UTH1 gene.
AID1826998Inhibition of human recombinant NQO2
AID1311762Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as TNFalpha levels at 50 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 183.21 +/- 5.36 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID491521Inhibition of LPS-induced COX2 expression in mouse RAW264.7 cells at 34 uM treated 15 mins before LPS challenge measured after 18 hrs by immunoblotting2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1611501Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 300 uM incubated for 60 mins by spectrophotometric method relative to control2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID654114Antioxidant activity assessed as concentration required for 50% DPPH scavenging activity after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts.
AID738174Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1264958Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 10 uM treated for 6 days measured on day 7 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 96 to 101%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID1059139Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells after 2 days by Alamar Blue assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 21, Issue:24
Bioactive compounds from Stuhlmannia moavi from the Madagascar dry forest.
AID610400Antiinflammatory activity in human CCD-18Co cells assessed as inhibition of IL1beta-induced PGE2 production at 2.5 to 25 uM after 18 hrs2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID726361Antioxidant activity against CCl4-induced oxidative hepatic injury Wistar albino rat model assessed as effect on liver cytosolic SOD activity per mg protein at 100 mg/kg, ip for 7 consecutive days prior to CCL4 challenge measured 24 hrs post CCl4 challeng2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID700046Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells expressing CXCR4 assessed as frequency of viral mutagenesis at 20 uM preincubated for 2 hrs prior to infection followed by compound wash out measured after 48 hrs by flow cytometry relative2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 22, Issue:21
Anti-HIV-1 activity of resveratrol derivatives and synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 by the combination of resveratrol and decitabine.
AID359498Effect on fibroblast growth factor 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359107Increase in BMP2 levels in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM by Western blot2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1436102Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 50 uM relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 1262,4-Disubstituted quinazolines as amyloid-β aggregation inhibitors with dual cholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant properties: Development and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.
AID359539Effect on ornithine decarboxylase gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID655170Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID1054210Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells incubated for 2 hrs prior to viral infection followed by compound washout after 24 hrs measured 72 hrs post-infection by flow cytometry2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID340408Inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO release in rat cortical microglial cells assessed as nitrite accumulation at 10 ug/ml after 48 hrs relative to LPS2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Alkaloids from the leaves of Uncaria rhynchophylla and their inhibitory activity on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia.
AID359517Effect on MAD homolog 4 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1371381Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1062136Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 assessed as repression of csgD expression at 20 ug/ml after 5 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID273489Suppression of LPS-stimulated COX2 mRNA expression in mouse BV2 cells at 4 uM2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-30, Volume: 49, Issue:24
Substituted trans-stilbenes, including analogues of the natural product resveratrol, inhibit the human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB.
AID1309188Binding affinity to Cu2+ using CuCl2 after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID642336Induction of QR1-mediated cytoprotective activity in mouse BPrc1 cells at 50 uM assessed as cell survival2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID482995Inhibition of amyloid beta 25-35 fibril formation by using UV-visible measurements and electron microscopy analysis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
New stilbene dimers against amyloid fibril formation.
AID378354Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs1999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
New bioactive flavonoids and stilbenes in cubé resin insecticide.
AID359323Effect on procollagen 12alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID549847Selectivity ratio, ratio of RBA for human recombinant ERbeta to RBA for human recombinant ERalpha2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID359505Effect on histone H1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1168375Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as effect on NAD+ concentration at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose 2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID642333Induction of QR1-mediated cytoprotective activity in mouse TAOc1 mutant Hepa cells at 50 uM assessed as cell survival2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1203634Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1609873Antiproliferative activity against human HuH7 cells transfected with ShSGK1 assessed as reduction in cell viability at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue dye based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1278607Selectivity index ratio of IC50 for ovine COX-1 to IC50 for human recombinant COX-22016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of a novel resveratrol-salicylate hybrid analog.
AID1884059Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis LMG 16003 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID359532Effect on serine proteinase inhibitor clade H1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1428607Binding affinity to Fe3+ assessed as disaggregation of Fe3+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation at 50 uM incubated for 24 hrs under dark condition by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID1261077Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed inhibition of cell proliferation after 2 days by MTT assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID699923Selectivity index, ratio of TC50 for human U373-MAGI cells to EC50 for human U373-MAGI cells infected with HIV12012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 22, Issue:21
Anti-HIV-1 activity of resveratrol derivatives and synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 by the combination of resveratrol and decitabine.
AID1339466Activation of Nrf2 (unknown origin) expressed in human HepG2 cells after 5 hrs by ARE-driven luciferase reporter gene assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-15, Volume: 25, Issue:4
Activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2 signaling by substituted trans stilbenes.
AID1566056Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells transfected with non-targeted vector assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs in presence of doxycycline by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Discovery of potent 4-aminoquinoline hydrazone inhibitors of NRH:quinoneoxidoreductase-2 (NQO2).
AID762888Effect on PAI-1 expression in H2O2-induced HUVEC pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by immunoblotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID416719Toxicity in mouse erythrocytes assessed as hemolysis at 1.5 to 200 ug/mL after 30 min by spectrophotometry2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID1430675Cmax in CD rat at 50 mg/kg/day, po administered via gavage every 24 hrs for 14 consecutive days measured on day 1 post dose by HPLC-MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID642328Induction of QR1 activity in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells using MTT as substrate assessed as induction ratio by spectrophotometry relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1609869Antiproliferative activity against human HuH7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by trypan blue dye based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1261100Down regulation of hTERT gene expression in human MCF7 cells at 10 ug/mL after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID206620The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Staphylococcus aureus (bacteria) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID638050Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G20 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1333795Antibacterial activity Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2742 at 64 ug/ml after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1609866Inhibition of SGK1 in human HUH7 cells at 100 uM using peptide as substrate incubated for 6 hrs by scintillation counter method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1298437Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Env mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subsequen2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID650850Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 30 mins measured 24 hrs post LPS challenge by Griess method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID1452015Inhibition human wild type TTR expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21 assessed as fibril formation at 14.4 uM incubated for 30 mins after 96 hrs by light scattering method relative to control2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18
Stilbene Boronic Acids Form a Covalent Bond with Human Transthyretin and Inhibit Its Aggregation.
AID359542Effect on vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1379011Inhibition of equine serum BChE using S-butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured up to 180 secs by spectrophotometric analysis2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 139Novel cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids: Potent neurogenic agents with antioxidant, cholinergic, and neuroprotective properties as innovative drugs for Alzheimer's disease.
AID1210974Volume of distribution at steady state in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg, iv2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID359061Reversal of increase in ER.DNA complex in rat primary osteoblast cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector at 1 uM by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID610300Increase in Bifidobacterial count in C57BL/6J mouse distal colon mucosa with DSS-induced colon inflammation at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dosing for 6 days in2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID57707In vitro growth inhibition of DU-145 (human prostate carcinoma) cell line.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1264951Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 5 uM measured on day 1 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 97 to 101%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID1314128Toxicity in rat thymocytes assessed as increase in cell death at 1000 uM measured after 4 hrs by flow cytometric analysis relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16
A facile and rapid access to resveratrol derivatives and their radioprotective activity.
AID1879013Upregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression in TGF-beta1 induced C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic by Western blot analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID724571Induction of budding morphology in human erythrocytes up to 100 uM after 1 hr by cold field emission scanning electron microscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1878982Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as live cells at 10 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 66.08 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1418626Metal chelating activity assessed as inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42 residues) fibrils at 50 uM after 24 hrs by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic analysis2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID1290889Antioxidant activity assessed as AAPH scavenging activity assessed as trolox equivalent after 15 mins measured every min for 90 mins by ORAC-FL method relative to control trolox2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 26, Issue:8
Pterostilbene-O-acetamidoalkylbenzylamines derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of cholinesterase with anti-β-amyloid aggregation and antioxidant properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1203633Antiproliferative activity against human Bel7402 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1879022Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as reduction in miR-190a-5p expression in liver at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by qRT-PCR analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID730564Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced spontaneous nociception at 300 ug/site, administered as intrathecally2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1519077Antimelanogenic activity against C57BL/6 mouse B16F10 cells incubated for 72 hrs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID359511Effect on integrin alpha M gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1203662Induction of apoptosis in human Bel7402 cells assessed as necrotic cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 0.19%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1878981Downregulation of miR-190a-5p expression in TGF-beta induced human HepG2 cells at 10 to 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID359299Inhibition of induction of ALP activity in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of BMP2-specific neutralizing antibody2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1825234Activation of SIRT1 (unknown origin) expressed in human HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in luciferase activity at 20 uM measured after 24 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
AID359176Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human U937 cells by scintillation spectrometry in presence of sodium-free buffer2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID749799Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 3 days by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Inhibition of VEGF expression in cancer cells and endothelial cell differentiation by synthetic stilbene derivatives.
AID381193Antioxidant activity against copper-induced lipid peroxidation in human LDL after 1 hr relative to probucol1999Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9
Antioxidant principles from Ephemerantha lonchophylla.
AID265508Apoptosis inducing activity in human HL60 cells2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12
Stilbene-based anticancer agents: resveratrol analogues active toward HL60 leukemic cells with a non-specific phase mechanism.
AID1188903Inhibition of recombinant firefly luciferase at 0.0001 to 100 uM by absorption spectroscopy in presence of varying concentration of ATP2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-14, Volume: 5, Issue:8
Total Synthesis and Biological Studies of TMC-205 and Analogues as Anticancer Agents and Activators of SV40 Promoter.
AID719284Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate at 5 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID359316Effect on procollagen 7 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1878988Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as late apoptotic cells at 25 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 12.12 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1882446Inhibition of HDAC6 derived from human HeLa cell nuclear extract at 100 uM incubated for 2 hrs relative to control2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-24, Volume: 65, Issue:4
Chasing a Breath of Fresh Air in Cystic Fibrosis (CF): Therapeutic Potential of Selective HDAC6 Inhibitors to Tackle Multiple Pathways in CF Pathophysiology.
AID49102The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Candida albicans (fungus) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID716921Antimelanogenic activity in mouse assessed as cellular melanin content B16F10 cells after 72 hrs by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1872723Inhibition of HFIP-treated Amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self aggregation at 20 uM incubated for 46 to 48 hrs by fluorescence based assay relative to control2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID1608146Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in HO-1 protein expression by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1178159Antioxidant activity of the compound assessed as reduction in absorbance of DPPH after 60 mins incubation at 35 uM by DPPH radical scavenging /microplate assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID614621Inhibition of membrane translocation of PKCalpha expressed in HEK293 cells at 100 uM after 2 hrs by Western blotting2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 19, Issue:18
Chemical modifications of resveratrol for improved protein kinase C alpha activity.
AID458153Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis NCTC 9811 assessed as total bacterial adherence inhibition2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID1467683Inhibition of human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in AITC-induced calcium influx at 30 uM preincubated for 6 mins followed by AITC addition measured for 1 min by Fluo-4 dye-based assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
Synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as new analgesic drugs through desensitization of the TRPA1 receptor.
AID1418625Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical scavenging activity incubated for 10 mins in dark2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID724373Antioxidant activity in planer lipid bilayer membrane assessed as inhibition of DPPH-induced reduction in height of semicircle at 50 to 100 uM by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID735992Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as inhibition of paraquat-induced cell death at 10 uM incubated for 2 hrs prior to paraquat challenge measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 62.05 +/- 0.47%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel neuroprotective agents for paraquat-induced apoptosis in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells.
AID639241Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G104 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1065386Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus A170 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Small azobenzene derivatives active against bacteria and fungi.
AID1372028Antioxidant activity assessed as relative scavenging rate constant for photolysis-induced peroxyl scavenging activity by measuring Kaox/Kst ratio using CYPMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID1878990Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as live cells at 50 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 66.08 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1237126Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL6 production at 10 mM pre-incubated for 10 mins before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by ELISA method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of paralleled Aza resveratrol-chalcone compounds as potential anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of acute lung injury.
AID1272520Antagonist activity at rat TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of AITC-induced increase of intracellular calcium level2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
TRPA1 channels as targets for resveratrol and related stilbenoids.
AID767376Inhibition of amyloid beta (1-42) (unknown origin) aggregation at 20 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin-T based fluorimetric assay relative to control2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 21, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of berberine-thiophenyl hybrids as multi-functional agents: Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and Aβ aggregation and antioxidant activity.
AID1566052Inhibition of recombinant human NQO2 expressed in Escherichia coli using DCPIP as substrate by spectrophotometry2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Discovery of potent 4-aminoquinoline hydrazone inhibitors of NRH:quinoneoxidoreductase-2 (NQO2).
AID1062126Antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 after 24 hrs by spectrophotometry2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID463401Antioxidant activity assessed as concentration required to double citronellal oxidation half life by thermo-oxidation method relative to control2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3
A theoretical study of the structure-radical scavenging activity of trans-resveratrol analogues and cis-resveratrol in gas phase and water environment.
AID639242Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori Ba142 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID724577Binding affinity to planer lipid bilayer assessed as change in diameter of semicircle pattern by admittance spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1879019Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as reduction in COL1A1 mRNA expression at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by qRT-PCR analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID359327Effect on procollagen 18alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID611404Cytoprotectant activity against L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine-induced cell death in Friedreich ataxia patient fibroblasts assessed as increase of cell viability2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 21, Issue:12
α-Tocotrienol quinone modulates oxidative stress response and the biochemistry of aging.
AID713102Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated L-DOPA oxidation at 100 uM after 30 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID359081Increase in osteocalcin mRNA levels in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID738204Cytotoxicity against human BT549 cells assessed as growth inhibition measured at 100 uM after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1311771Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as NO levels at 50 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.052 umol/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID359555Inhibition of induction of ALP activity in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of noggin2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1450152Growth inhibition of HEK293 cells after 2 days by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
One drug for two targets: Biological evaluation of antiretroviral agents endowed with antiproliferative activity.
AID423592Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity after 5 mins2009Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 72, Issue:4
Dihydrostilbene derivatives from the Mongolian medicinal plant Scorzonera radiata.
AID434724Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 50 uM2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8
Synthesis of novel trans-stilbene derivatives and evaluation of their potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.
AID1225532Reduction in Bcl2 to Bax ratio in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID331050Activation of human SIRT1-D (219-664) construct by mass spectrometry assay relative to control2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID359553Inhibition of induction of ALP activity in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of BMP2-specific neutralizing antibody2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1060582Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as inhibition H2O2-induced reduction of cell viability at 10 uM after 24 hrs by phase-contrast micrograph analysis2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 71Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imine resveratrol derivatives as multi-targeted agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1362655Disaggregation of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM after 4 days by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 126.49 +/- 6.93%)
AID1383208Antineuroinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production after 24 hrs by ELISA2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 149Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of compounds with a new scaffold as anti-neuroinflammatory agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID639240Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G21b isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1362657Disaggregation of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM after 12 days by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 147.12 +/- 3.28%)
AID432137Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 40 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1385433Inhibition of NFkappaB in mouse RAW 264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-27, Volume: 61, Issue:18
Novel Hybrid Conjugates with Dual Suppression of Estrogenic and Inflammatory Activities Display Significantly Improved Potency against Breast Cancer.
AID1261704Inhibition of human PDE4D using 3H-cAMP as substrate after 15 mins by liquid scintillation counting analysis2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Available Clioquinol-Moracin M Hybrids as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for Cognitive Improvement in a Rat Model of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease.
AID478954Induction of apoptosis in human H460 cells at 10 to 20 uM after 72 hrs by TUNEL assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 18, Issue:10
Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of stilbene-coumarin hybrid compounds: Identification of novel proapoptotic agents.
AID1371377Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID55048Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Cryptococcus neoformans (fungus) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID719265Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID1261103Down regulation of c-Myc gene expression in human HT-29 cells at 10 ug/mL after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID264588Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cell line2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID1557206Binding affinity to Streptococcus mutans GtfC2019MedChemComm, Jul-01, Volume: 10, Issue:7
Targeting
AID343716Superoxide-scavenging activity assessed as inhibition of formation of WST1 formazan2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
C-geranylated chalcones from the stems of Angelica keiskei with superoxide-scavenging activity.
AID359073Increase in DNA-binding activity of ERalpha in nuclear extracts of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells by electrophoretic mobility shift assays2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID455039Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR-3 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID713098Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase assessed as L-tyrosine oxidation at 100 uM incubated 30 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 60 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1264945Induction of osteogenic differentiation in human MSC assessed as increase in ALP activity at 1 uM using p-NPP as substrate after 9 days by colorimetric method relative to control2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID1424466Inhibition of recombinant human COX2 expressed in baculovirus assessed as reduction in PGE2 synthesis using [3H]arachidonic acid substrate by HPLC analysis2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 142From bench (laboratory) to bed (hospital/home): How to explore effective natural and synthetic PAK1-blockers/longevity-promoters for cancer therapy.
AID416359Inhibition of Fe(2+)/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocyte ghosts assessed as increase in inhibition period2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID359122Reversal of induction in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector at 1 uM by Western blot2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID289279Inhibition of human recombinant COX2 by measuring PGE22007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18
'Bridged' stilbene derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors.
AID1256165Inhibition of Quorum sensing system in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 at 1 to 4 mg/ml after 24 hrs by agar-well diffusion method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID359310Effect on bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID491520Cellular uptake in human MCF7 cells assessed per millions cells at 50 uM after 24 hrs by LC/MS/MS analysis2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1083157Antifungal activity against Lasiodiplodia theobromae CBS116460 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID1884064Antibacterial activity against Clostridium botulinum CECT551 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1357640Lipid lowering activity in zebrafish embryos by Nile red fat metabolism assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-10, Volume: 151Lipid reducing activity and toxicity profiles of a library of polyphenol derivatives.
AID432240Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 40 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1309164Binding affinity to Mn2+ using MnCl2 at 20 uM after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID598205Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril formation at 10 uM by UV-visible spectrometry analysis2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 19, Issue:10
Protective effect of ε-viniferin on β-amyloid peptide aggregation investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID730565Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced spontaneous nociception at 600 ug/site, administered as intrathecally2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID416682Antimitotic activity in Lytechinus variegatus embryo assessed as inhibition of first cleavage at 43.8 uM relative to control2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID434722Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 200 uM2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8
Synthesis of novel trans-stilbene derivatives and evaluation of their potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.
AID1261705Inhibition of recombinant human Amyloid beta (1 to 42) self-induced aggregation at 5 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorescence assay2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Available Clioquinol-Moracin M Hybrids as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for Cognitive Improvement in a Rat Model of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease.
AID1326307Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-41 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Recent advances in the discovery and development of antibacterial agents targeting the cell-division protein FtsZ.
AID1706446Anti-neuroinflammation in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS addition measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Design and synthesis of 3-(4-pyridyl)-5-(4-sulfamido-phenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as novel GSK-3β inhibitors and evaluation of their potential as multifunctional anti-Alzheimer agents.
AID1190181Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation at 20 uM after 46 to 48 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Multifunctional coumarin derivatives: monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition, anti-β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and metal chelation properties against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1309169Inhibition of Cu2+-amyloid beta (1 to 40) catalyzed generation of hydroxyl radical assessed as 7-hrdroxy-CCA formation at 2 equiv preincubated for 1 hr followed by CCA addition measured over 60 mins by fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID359324Effect on procollagen 4 alpha 6 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1406256Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human AChE to IC50 for human BChE2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Multi-target-directed ligands for treating Alzheimer's disease: Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors displaying antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.
AID359178Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human U937 cells at >500 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID617271Metabolic stability in mouse serum up to 27 hrs by HPLC analysis2011ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-25, Volume: 2, Issue:4
The Use of 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Pro-drug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death.
AID1826670Activation of Nrf2 in human Arec32 cells assessed as concentration required to double luciferase activity measured after 24 hrs2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID589144Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A4 measured by testosterone 6-beta hydroxylation2005Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID726364Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 100 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID730567Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced spontaneous nociception at 150 ug/site, administered as intrathecally2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1298436Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Vif mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subsequen2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1534716Antioxidant activity assessed as ferric ion reduction by measuring trolox equivalents after 3 to 5 mins by FRAP assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Synthesis and evaluation of isoprenylation-resveratrol dimer derivatives against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1371453Tmax in mouse at 10 mg/kg, iv by LC-MS/MS method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1298403Increase in 5-aza-dCTP/dCTP ratio in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-C2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1272531Agonist activity at rat TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium level in presence of AITC2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
TRPA1 channels as targets for resveratrol and related stilbenoids.
AID764634Cytotoxicity against human estrogen receptor negative SKBR3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity evaluation of 2,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives on human breast cancer cell lines.
AID1210971Plasma protein binding in mouse at 20 uM by equilibrium dialysis method2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: in vitro and in vivo evidence.
AID1264946Induction of osteogenic differentiation in human MSC assessed as increase in ALP activity at 5 uM using p-NPP as substrate after 9 days by colorimetric method relative to control2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID616422Displacement of [3H]-rosiglitazone from human recombinant C-terminal His-tagged cytosolic domain of mitoNEET (32-108) at 80 uM by scintillation proximity assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 21, Issue:18
A novel binding assay identifies high affinity ligands to the rosiglitazone binding site of mitoNEET.
AID724579Binding affinity to planer lipid bilayer assessed as increase in cathodic current by cyclic voltammetric analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID359541Effect on twist gene homolog 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1290891Inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase-mediated amyloid beta (1 to 40) aggregation at 100 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 26, Issue:8
Pterostilbene-O-acetamidoalkylbenzylamines derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of cholinesterase with anti-β-amyloid aggregation and antioxidant properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID359552Effect on procollagen 19-alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1168369Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as change in SIRT5 mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID642339Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 400 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1256180Decrease in lasI gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 at 400 uM by RT-PCR analysis relative to control2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID265507Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12
Stilbene-based anticancer agents: resveratrol analogues active toward HL60 leukemic cells with a non-specific phase mechanism.
AID610304Stability in C57BL/6J mouse stomach at 84 mg/kg administered through intragastric route measured after 8 hrs by HPLC-MS-MS analysis2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1362629Inhibition of BACE 1 (unknown origin) at 50 uM using Rh-EVNLDAEFK-Quencher as substrate after 1 hr by FRET assay relative to control
AID1347857Inhibition of tyrosinase in human A375 cells assessed as effect on alpha-MSH-induced melanin formation at 25 uM after 24 hrs relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID1081915Antifungal activity against Phomopsis obscurans assessed as growth inhibition at 30 uM after 144 hr by NCCLS M27-A broth microdilution method2011Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 59, Issue:5
Biological activity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) phytoalexins and selected natural and synthetic Stilbenoids.
AID1608174Binding affinity to Keap1 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as induction of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling by measuring increase in GCLM mRNA expression at 6 uM by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1326317Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Recent advances in the discovery and development of antibacterial agents targeting the cell-division protein FtsZ.
AID638063Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori Ba142 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID208609The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Streptococcus pneumoniae (bacteria) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1609863Inhibition of recombinant human N-terminal His-tagged SGK1 using (GRPRTSSFAEGKK) peptide as substrate incubated for 30 mins in presence of [32P] gamma ATP by scintillation counter method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID498483Inhibition of PLD2009Nature chemical biology, Feb, Volume: 5, Issue:2
Design of isoform-selective phospholipase D inhibitors that modulate cancer cell invasiveness.
AID641150Inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase using DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence microplate reader analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID1054209Cytotoxicity against human U373-MAGI cells by CellTitre-Glo assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID273487Loss in viability of human HEK293T cells at 15 uM after 7 hrs relative to control2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-30, Volume: 49, Issue:24
Substituted trans-stilbenes, including analogues of the natural product resveratrol, inhibit the human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB.
AID637954Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G104 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1879014Upregulation of HGF protein expression in TGF-beta1 induced C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes in presence of miR-190a-5p mimic by Western blot analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID762891Inhibition of H2O2-induced HUVEC senescence assessed as change in cellular morphology pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by hematoxylin staining-based assay2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID1362640Inhibition of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM measured on day 7 by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 181.04 +/- 1.74 No_unit)
AID359116Reversal of increase in BMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells expressing pBMP2/mSp1 mutant at 1 uM after 4 hrs by luciferase method2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359104Antitumor activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells xenografted in SCID mouse orthotropic model assessed as inhibition of 17beta estradiol-induced tumor weight at 10 mg/kg for 2 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1371378Cytotoxicity against human U87 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID697844Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 40) aggregation assessed as induction of disaggregation treated 45 mins after formation of aggregates by thioflavin T fluorescence method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID416964Antioxidant effect assessed as inhibition of AAPH-induced oxidative pBR322 plasmid DNA strand breakage at 10 uM by gel electrophoresis2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID359291Enhancement of FOXO3a activity in human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with dominant negative Akt mutant2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1428598Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation at 20 uM incubated for 24 hrs under dark condition by thioflavin-T based fluorometric assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID166394Inhibitory activity against nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-03, Volume: 13, Issue:21
Styrylheterocycles: a novel class of inhibitors on lipopolysaccharide-Induced nitric oxide production.
AID655172Cytotoxicity against human FHCC-98 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID642338Inhibition of TNFalpha-activated NF-kappaB expressed in HEK293 cells by luciferase reporter gene assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1365634Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical scavenging activity at 25 uM after 6 mins2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of salicyladimine derivatives as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID719272Inhibition of human aromatase activity at 50 uM after 30 mins by fluorescence analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID724574Binding affinity to curcumin encapsulated liposomes assessed as curcumin release from unilamellar vesicles after 20 mins by NMR spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID103219Cell growth inhibition of breast MCF-7 cells, expressed as 50% reduction in the net protein increase2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID360100Inhibition of antiapoptotic activity in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of noggin2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1452978Inhibition of recombinant CYP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in supersomes coexpressing NADPH-CYP reductase using 7-ethoxyresorufin as substrate after 15 mins in presence of NADP+ by fluorescence spectrophotometric analysis2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1.
AID1362758Effect on IL-1beta production in ear tissue of croton oil-induced Balb/c mouse ear edema model at 0.1 mg/ear administered topically immediately post croton oil treatment by ELISA2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1371452Cmax in mouse at 10 mg/kg, iv by LC-MS/MS method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID403719Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by acid phosphatase method2005Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 68, Issue:10
Cytotoxic furostanol saponins and a megastigmane glucoside from tribulus parvispinus.
AID1054211Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in mutant frequency incubated for 2 hrs prior to viral infection followed by compound washout after 24 hrs measured 72 hrs post-infection by flow cytometry2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID1333797Antimigratory activity in human HeLa cells at 50 uM after 24 hrs by wound-scratch assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID667231Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E) stilbene-based antitumor agents.
AID1333787Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human L02 cells to IC50 for human Bel7402 cells2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1437794Antioxidant activity of the compound assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity after 30 mins2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Tacrine-resveratrol fused hybrids as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1392706Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation at 10 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay relative to control
AID759452Inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation (unknown origin) at 50 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to untreated control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1305342Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta 42 (unknown origin) aggregation measured for 24 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorescence spectroscopic analysis2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-12, Volume: 7, Issue:5
Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Isomeric 2,4-Diaminoquinazolines on β-Amyloid Aggregation Kinetics.
AID1256182Decrease in rhII gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 at 400 uM by RT-PCR analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID726365Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 50 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID416357Inhibition of Fe(2+)/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocyte ghosts assessed as inhibition of malondialdehyde formation at 1 to 5 uM2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID1352501Neuroprotective activity in PTZ challenged 5 days post fertilized zebra fish AB embryo assessed as recovery of AChE activity at 10 uM preincubated for 1 hr followed by PTZ addition and measured after 6 hrs by Ellman's method relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
AID1428601Binding affinity to Fe3+ assessed as inhibition of Fe3+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation by measuring Fe3+-amyloid beta (1 to 42) complex fluorescence at 50 uM incubated for 24 hrs under dark condition by thioflavin-T based fluorometric assay re2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID418723Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.
AID1609864Induction of apoptosis in human HuH7 cells transfected with ShSGK1 assessed as late apoptosis at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by annexin V and 7-AAD staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1573647Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in NQO-1 level at 6 uM by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID1452016Inhibition of human TTR V30M mutant expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21 assessed as fibril formation at 7.2 uM incubated for 30 mins measured after 96 hrs by light scattering method relative to control2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18
Stilbene Boronic Acids Form a Covalent Bond with Human Transthyretin and Inhibit Its Aggregation.
AID1336830Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 160 uM incubated for 30 mins under dark condition2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quinolines: Microwave-assisted synthesis and their antifungal, anticancer and radical scavenger properties.
AID637963Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 328 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID490192Antiproliferative activity against human SW480 cells assessed as cell viability using propidium iodide staining after 48 hrs2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 45, Issue:7
Structural determinants of resveratrol for cell proliferation inhibition potency: experimental and docking studies of new analogs.
AID396456Antioxidant activity assessed as free radical scavenging activity at 5 uM2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 19, Issue:2
Synthesis and in vitro biological activity of retinyl polyhydroxybenzoates, novel hybrid retinoid derivatives.
AID730939Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced spontaneous nociception at 50 mg/kg, po2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1311770Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as NO levels at 25 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 0.95 +/- 0.052 umol/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID455032Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID1494289Permeability of compound at 100 ug/ml after 10 hrs by PAMPA assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-08, Volume: 61, Issue:5
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Bioavailable Quinoline-Indole Derivatives as Innovative Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Promotion of Cell Proliferation in the Adult Murine Hippocampus for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
AID713094Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated L-DOPA oxidation assessed as decrease in dopachrome formation at 100 uM preincubated for 30 mins by HPLC analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID402267Antioxidant activity against ABTS radical assessed as TEAC units2004Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 67, Issue:5
Yucca schidigera bark: phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity.
AID549846Partial agonist activity at human ERalpha receptor expressed in human MCF7:D5L cells co-expressing ERE assessed as increase of estradiol-induced luciferase gene expression at 1 uM after 18 hrs relative to estradiol2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1
New hydroxystilbenoid derivatives endowed with neuroprotective activity and devoid of interference with estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription.
AID637956Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori NS23 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID258723Noradrenaline induced vasorelaxant activity in intact rat aortic rings2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 16, Issue:2
Design, synthesis, and vasorelaxant and platelet antiaggregatory activities of coumarin-resveratrol hybrids.
AID735922Activation of SIRT1 R446A mutant (unknown origin)2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID1298381Reduction in 5-aza-dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1884061Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus LMG 10147 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1878985Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as dead cells at 10 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 3.09 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID638052Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 18K7 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1879026Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir assessed as reduction in serum AST level at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID331042Activation of SIRT3 by mass spectrometry assay2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID359314Effect on procollagen 9 alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID416362Inhibition of Fe(2+)/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocyte ghosts assessed as inhibition of malondialdehyde formation per mg of protein at 3 uM after 30 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID432150Inhibition of FSL1-induced NF-kappaB activation in HEK293 cells expressing TLR2 pretreated for 1 hr before 6 hrs-FSL1 stimulation by luciferase reporter gene assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID404511Aqueous solubility assessed per 100 g at pH 72008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12
Design, synthesis and spectroscopic studies of resveratrol aliphatic acid ligands of human serum albumin.
AID1261089Down regulation of VEGF gene expression in human HT-29 cells at 10 ug/mL after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID1081917Antifungal activity against Diaporthe ampelina assessed as growth inhibition after 120 hr by NCCLS M27-A broth microdilution method2011Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 59, Issue:5
Biological activity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) phytoalexins and selected natural and synthetic Stilbenoids.
AID589132Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A4 measured by testosterone 6-beta hydroxylation2005Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID1246397Agonist activity at ERbeta (248 to 510 amino acid residues) (unknown origin) assessed as induction of interaction with SRC1 after 24 hrs by yeast two-hybrid assay relative to isopaucifloral F2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102Synthesis, estrogenic activity, and anti-osteoporosis effects in ovariectomized rats of resveratrol oligomer derivatives.
AID1878980Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir assessed as reduction in disorganized and interlaced fibers at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by HE/Sirus red/TUNEL stain2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID491618Inhibition of sheep seminal vesicles COX1 assessed as PGE2 production at 34 uM after 10 mins by ELISA relative to control2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID400271Blockade of delayed rectifier potassium channel in mouse rat hybrid F11 cells at 90 uM by whole-cell patch clamp technique2004Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 67, Issue:3
Resveratrol derivatives and their role as potassium channels modulators.
AID336035Inhibition of rat brain PKC1993Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 56, Issue:10
Kinase inhibitors from Polygonum cuspidatum.
AID640885Antioxidant activity assessed as inhibition of lipid peroxidation2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 22, Issue:2
Antioxidative oligostilbenes from Caragana sinica.
AID377458Estrogenic activity in human T47D cells assessed as drug level causing stimulation of cell proliferation equivalent to 100 pM estradiol by alamar blue assay2005Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 68, Issue:3
Phenolic constituents of the rhizomes of the Thai medicinal plant Belamcanda chinensis with proliferative activity for two breast cancer cell lines.
AID1311773Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as iNOS levels at 25 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 31.63 +/- 3.26 U/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1676793Induction of membrane perturbation in DC18:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as fluorescence quench rate by measuring gramicidin mixture monomer to dimer equilibrium at 30 uM by fluorescence quenching assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID650852Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by SRB assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID1246396Antagonist activity at ERalpha (301 to 553 amino acid residues) (unknown origin) assessed as inhibition of E2 induced interaction with SRC1 after 24 hrs by yeast-two-hybrid assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102Synthesis, estrogenic activity, and anti-osteoporosis effects in ovariectomized rats of resveratrol oligomer derivatives.
AID610303Increase in Clostridia count in C57BL/6J mouse distal colon mucosa with DSS-induced colon inflammation at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dosing for 6 days in abse2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1311761Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as TNFalpha levels at 25 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 183.21 +/- 5.36 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID471945Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Antineoplastic agents. 579. Synthesis and cancer cell growth evaluation of E-stilstatin 3: a resveratrol structural modification.
AID655205Inhibition of human FHCC-98 cell adhesion to matrigel-coated plates at 100 uM after 30 to 60 mins by crystal violet staining-based spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID1872878Inhibition of Bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-glucosidase type IV using p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 35 mins by microtiter plate reader analysis2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 235Recent results from non-basic glycosidase inhibitors: How structural diversity can inform general strategies for improving inhibition potency.
AID1570227Cytoprotective activity against hypoxia-induced toxicity rat H9c2 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 80 nM to 7 uM incubated for 18 hrs in hypoxia measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID359288Reversal of induction of FOXO3a activity in human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with constitutively activated Akt mutant2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1499671Inhibition of SQS in rat microsomes using [3H]-FPP as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 30 mins by scintillation counting2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138Developing potential agents against atherosclerosis: Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel dual inhibitors of oxidative stress and Squalene Synthase activity.
AID359108Increase in BMP2 levels in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs by ELISA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1190179Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as H2O2 production after 15 mins by fluorescence assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Multifunctional coumarin derivatives: monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition, anti-β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and metal chelation properties against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1632228Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as inhibition of cell viability at 2 to 500 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1054848Inhibition of human recombinant TTR Y78F mutant-mediated fibrillogenesis after 30 mins by turbidimetric assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 56, Issue:22
Modulation of the fibrillogenesis inhibition properties of two transthyretin ligands by halogenation.
AID1450142Down regulation of hTERT expression in human HT-29 cells assessed as hTERT expression level at 1 uM after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
One drug for two targets: Biological evaluation of antiretroviral agents endowed with antiproliferative activity.
AID315992Inhibition of COX2 in human whole blood assessed as effect on LPS-stimulated PGE2 production2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 16, Issue:5
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 2: synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-benzylideneamino- and 4-phenyliminomethyl-benzenesulfonamides.
AID491524Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH scavenging activity after 30 mins2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID402268Antioxidant activity against beta-carotene and linoleic acid assessed as inhibition of bleaching of beta-carotene at 60 mins by autooxidation assay2004Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 67, Issue:5
Yucca schidigera bark: phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity.
AID359284Inhibition of IGF-induced FOXO3a phosphorylation at Thr32 residue in human MDA-MB-231 cells by Western blot2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID359503Effect on fibronectin 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1190178Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as H2O2 production at 100 uM after 15 mins by fluorescence assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Multifunctional coumarin derivatives: monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition, anti-β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and metal chelation properties against Alzheimer's disease.
AID770331Plasma concentration in human2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 21, Issue:19
Design, synthesis, biological and structural evaluation of functionalized resveratrol analogues as inhibitors of quinone reductase 2.
AID639317Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G204 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID432239Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1225525Reduction in iNOS expression in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID378352Inhibition of bovine NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase1999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
New bioactive flavonoids and stilbenes in cubé resin insecticide.
AID259477Cytotoxicity against breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line by MTT assay at 100 uM2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2
Rapid synthesis of triazole-modified resveratrol analogues via click chemistry.
AID406771DPPH radical scavenging activity at 200 uM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-10, Volume: 51, Issue:13
Efficient synthesis and neuroprotective effect of substituted 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones.
AID608253Antibacterial activity against 1 x 10'4 cfu/mL Escherichia coli ATCC 11303 after 24 hrs by NCCLS M7-A6 microtiter broth dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 46, Issue:8
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new benzofuran derivatives.
AID1062133Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 assessed as effect on rrsG expression at 20 ug/ml after 5 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1662941Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical scavenging activity by spectrophotometric analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 30, Issue:13
Synthesis, biological evaluation of benzothiazole derivatives bearing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1392708Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalents of AAPH radical scavenging activity at 10 uM preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every minute for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay
AID1054180Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as C to T mutation at 50 uM (Rvb = 13%)2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 21, Issue:22
5,6-Dihydro-5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine potentiates the anti-HIV-1 activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors.
AID1306441Inhibition of recombinant human CYP1A1 expressed in Escherichia coli DH5aplha cells assessed as O-deethylation of ethoxyresorufin in presence of NADPH measured after 2 mins by spectrofluorometric method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Aryl morpholino triazenes inhibit cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1.
AID1878992Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as late apoptotic cells at 50 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 12.12 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID66074The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Enterobacter cloacae (bacteria) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1632203Cytotoxicity against human T24 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID359188Inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake in human HL60 cells by scintillation spectrometry in presence of sodium-free buffer2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1485916Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition after 20 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorimetric method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel chromone derivatives as balanced multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID359054Induction of FOXO3a activity in human MDA-MB-231 cells2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID650849Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production at 40 uM preincubated for 30 mins measured 24 hrs post LPS challenge by Griess method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID331064Reduction of insulin level in chow-fed C57BL/6 mouse2007Nature, Nov-29, Volume: 450, Issue:7170
Small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
AID359548Effect on glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID501914Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 14 after 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antioxidant polyphenols effectively inhibit mammalian isoforms I-XV.
AID749796Inhibition of VEGF protein production in human HT-29 cells at 20 ug/mL after 72 hrs by ELISA relative to control2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Inhibition of VEGF expression in cancer cells and endothelial cell differentiation by synthetic stilbene derivatives.
AID315993Selectivity for human COX2 over human COX1 by human whole blood assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 16, Issue:5
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 2: synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-benzylideneamino- and 4-phenyliminomethyl-benzenesulfonamides.
AID416965Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death of BALB/c mouse thymocytes preincubated for 30 mins before hydrogen peroxide challenge measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Antioxidant-based lead discovery for cancer chemoprevention: the case of resveratrol.
AID1407186Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH-induced radical scavenging activity preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every minute for 120 mins by ORAC-FL based fluorescein assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Donepezil-butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) hybrids as Anti-Alzheimer's disease agents with cholinergic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties.
AID1225531Increase in Bax expression in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID359290Enhancement of FOXO3a nuclear accumulation in human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with dominant negative Akt mutant2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1309186Toxicity in Tetrahymena thermophila assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1057862Inhibition of RML prion protein infected in mouse dividing ScN2a-cl3 cells expressing full length mouse PrP assessed as reduction of PrPsc level after 5 days by ELISA2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 21, Issue:24
Antiprion compounds that reduce PrP(Sc) levels in dividing and stationary-phase cells.
AID730559Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced increase of c-Fos expression in L3-L6 spinal segments at 100 mg/kg, po by immunohistochemistry analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1371387Cytotoxicity against human PANC1 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1168367Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as change in SIRT3 mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1878989Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as dead cells at 25 uM by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 3.09 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1290890Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation (unknown origin) at 25 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 26, Issue:8
Pterostilbene-O-acetamidoalkylbenzylamines derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of cholinesterase with anti-β-amyloid aggregation and antioxidant properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1371384Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1298434Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Gag mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subsequen2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID359278Reversal of increase in DNA-binding activity of ERalpha in nuclear extracts of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector by electrophoretic mobility shift assays2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1811678Binding affinity to Bacillus subtilis FtsZ assessed as decrease in fluorescence anisotropy values at 20 to 200 uM by fluorescence anisotropy analysis2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-13, Volume: 64, Issue:9
Targeting the FtsZ Allosteric Binding Site with a Novel Fluorescence Polarization Screen, Cytological and Structural Approaches for Antibacterial Discovery.
AID1371035Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-22, Volume: 60, Issue:12
Lysine Deacetylase Inhibitors in Parasites: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives.
AID289280Selectivity for ovine COX1 over human recombinant COX22007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18
'Bridged' stilbene derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors.
AID1570226Cytoprotective activity against hypoxia-induced toxicity rat H9c2 cells assessed as increase in cell viability at 80 nM to 7 uM preincubated for 18 hrs followed by incubated in hypoxia for 48 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID730555Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced increase of COX2 expression in L3-L6 spinal segments and cerebral cortex at 100 mg/kg, po by immunohistochemistry analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID1198740Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-glucosidase using 4-NPGP substrate assessed as reduction in 4-nitrophenol release pre-incubated for 10 mins before substrate addition by microplate reader based assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93Antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidase by hydroxyl-functionalized 2-arylbenzo[b]furans.
AID1700048Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human serum BuChE to IC50 for human erythrocytes AChE2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 30, Issue:24
Novel deoxyvasicinone and tetrahydro-beta-carboline hybrids as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and amyloid beta aggregation.
AID1371382Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID430022Antiproliferative activity against human HT144 cells after 5 days by acid phosphatase assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 17, Issue:13
Synthesis, structural characterisation and biological evaluation of fluorinated analogues of resveratrol.
AID1872751Neuroprotective activity against H2o2-induced rat PC-12 cells assessed as cell viability preincubated for 2 hrs followed by H2O2 treatment measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID359531Effect on SRY-box gene 9 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1371374Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1372021Antioxidant activity assessed as Trolox equivalents of photolysis-induced alkoxyl scavenging activity using DMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID1573649Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in GCLM level at 6 uM by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID1428602Binding affinity to Cu2+ assessed as inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation by measuring Cu2+-amyloid beta (1 to 42) complex fluorescence at 75 uM incubated for 24 hrs under dark condition by thioflavin-T based fluorometric assay re2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Synthesis and biological evaluation of deferiprone-resveratrol hybrids as antioxidants, Aβ
AID1062127Antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 after 24 hrs by GFP-based confocal laser microscopy2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1352499Inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production in rat RAW264.7 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by ELISA2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
AID1385445Inhibition of NFkappaB in mouse RAW 264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS induced NO production after 24 hrs in presence of OBHS by Griess assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-27, Volume: 61, Issue:18
Novel Hybrid Conjugates with Dual Suppression of Estrogenic and Inflammatory Activities Display Significantly Improved Potency against Breast Cancer.
AID1882447Inhibition of HDAC1 derived from human HeLa cell nuclear extract at 100 uM incubated for 2 hrs relative to control2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-24, Volume: 65, Issue:4
Chasing a Breath of Fresh Air in Cystic Fibrosis (CF): Therapeutic Potential of Selective HDAC6 Inhibitors to Tackle Multiple Pathways in CF Pathophysiology.
AID738209Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID359518Effect on MAD homolog 5 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1333796Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human L02 cells to IC50 for human HeLa cells2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID359060Antiproliferative activity against human T47D cells at 1 uM by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID418725Cytotoxicity against human Lu cells after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.
AID401039Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity1998Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5
Isolation, identification, and antioxidant activity of three stilbene glucosides newly extracted from vitis vinifera cell cultures
AID1203644Cell cycle arrest in human Bel7402 cells assessed as cells accumulation at G2/M phase at 50 uM after 48 hrs by flow cytometry (Rvb = 16.61%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID1168360Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in fatty accumulation at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last do2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1430683Cmax in Wistar rat at 20 mg/kg, po by HPLC-MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID1498853Inhibition of self-induced human amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation at 25 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T based fluorescence assay relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-30, Volume: 26, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel bivalent β-carboline derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1519074Stability of compound in IMDM cell medium incubated for 24 hrs by HPLC analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID432139Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 80 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID614083Antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 381 at 10 mg/ml after 24 to 72 hrs by agar diffusion method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 19, Issue:17
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of (E) stilbene derivatives.
AID1298276Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in viral infectivity preincubated for 2 to 8 hrs followed by viral infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by flow cytometric analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID713108Drug metabolism assessed as oxidation of the compound at 100 uM after 30 mins by HPLC analysis in the presence of tyrosinase2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1480846Inhibition of human erythrocyte AChE at 5 uM using acetylthiocholine chloride as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 2 mins by DTNB reagent based spectrophotometric method relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID481133Binding affinity to Vaccinia virus recombinant N1L expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as effect on enthalpy of protein unfolding at 214 uM by differential scanning calorimetry2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Vaccinia virus virulence factor N1L is a novel promising target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
AID434721Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 100 uM2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8
Synthesis of novel trans-stilbene derivatives and evaluation of their potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.
AID610405Effect on body weight in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dosing for 6 days in absence of DSS measured on 2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID1311765Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as IL1beta levels at 50 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 8.70 +/- 0.365 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1237136Anti-inflammatory activity in C57BL/6 mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury assessed as reduction in lung CD68-stained macrophages level at 20 mg/kg for 1 week dosed before LPS instillation for 6 hrs by immunohistochemistry method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of paralleled Aza resveratrol-chalcone compounds as potential anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of acute lung injury.
AID1418624Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation at 20 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID1879016Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as reduction in disorganized and interlaced fibers at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by HE/Sirus red/TUNEL staining based analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1362747Antiinflammatory activity in mouse J774A.1 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-1beta production by measuring IL-1beta levels incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 24 hrs by ELISA (Rvb = 382.3 +/- 50 pg/ml)2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1676775Induction of membrane perturbation in DC22:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as change in deltaG for pure gramicidin monomer to to dimer by fluorescence quenching assay (Rvb = 0 kcal/mol)2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID359550Effect on ribosomal protein L13a gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID770330Binding affinity to human quinone reductase 2 by ITC analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 21, Issue:19
Design, synthesis, biological and structural evaluation of functionalized resveratrol analogues as inhibitors of quinone reductase 2.
AID1896329Activation of human N-terminal hexa-histidine tagged SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using peptide substrate by fluorescence polarization assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-10, Volume: 65, Issue:21
The Pursuit of Enzyme Activation: A Snapshot of the Gold Rush.
AID1430667Thermodynamic solubility in pH 7.4 PBS at 10 mg/ml after 1 hr by LC-Ms/MS based shake flask method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID637960Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori CCUG17874 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID359172Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human U937 cells at 73 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1178160Antioxidant activity of the compound assessed as reduction in absorbance of DPPH after 60 mins incubation by DPPH radical scavenging /microplate assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID617270Radioprotective activity against 9.75 Gy gamma radiation-induced death in C57BL/6NHsd mouse assessed as increase in survival rate at 25 mg/kg, ip administered 10 mins after irradiation daily for 4 days2011ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-25, Volume: 2, Issue:4
The Use of 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Pro-drug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death.
AID762887Effect on eNOS expression in H2O2-induced HUVEC pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by immunoblotting analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID70140The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Escherichia coli (bacteria) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID479117Cell cycle arrest in human H460 cells assessed as accumulation at G2/M phase after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometry2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 18, Issue:10
Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of stilbene-coumarin hybrid compounds: Identification of novel proapoptotic agents.
AID1362650Disaggregation of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) preformed fibrils assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM after 4 days by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 178.07 +/- 17.24 No_unit)
AID1826669Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B using tyramine as substrate2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-24, Volume: 65, Issue:6
Resveratrol-Based MTDLs to Stimulate Defensive and Regenerative Pathways and Block Early Events in Neurodegenerative Cascades.
AID1311915Inhibition of equine BCHE preincubated for 6 mins followed by addition of S-butyrylcholine iodide as substrate by Ellman's method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 24, Issue:18
Synthesis and evaluation of multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on the fusion of donepezil and melatonin.
AID655279Inhibition of human FHCC-98 cell invasion/migration at 50 uM after 24 hrs by Matrigel cell invasion assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 22, Issue:5
A resveratrol analog, phoyunbene B, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cells.
AID1298431Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Vif mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing method (Rvb = 19.2%)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID721442Antitumor activity against human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Bioactive barrigenol type triterpenoids from the leaves of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge.
AID359522Effect on matrix metalloprotease 10 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID637953Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G21b isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1057861Inhibition of RML prion protein infected in mouse dividing ScN2a-cl3 cells expressing full length mouse PrP assessed as reduction of PrPsc level after 5 days by Western blotting analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 21, Issue:24
Antiprion compounds that reduce PrP(Sc) levels in dividing and stationary-phase cells.
AID359538Effect on transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID718776Inhibition of amyloid beta (1-42) aggregation at 20 uM after 24 hrs by transmission electron microscopy2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of resveratrol derivatives as Aß(₁-₄₂) aggregation inhibitors, antioxidants, and neuroprotective agents.
AID1362651Disaggregation of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) preformed fibrils assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM after 4 days by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 143.11 +/- 0.76%)
AID481128Displacement of FITC-conjugated BH3-Bak peptide from human recombinant Bcl-XL expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by fluorescence polarization assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Vaccinia virus virulence factor N1L is a novel promising target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
AID1261081Selectivity ratio of IC50 for HEK293 cells to IC50 for human MCF7 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID568508Cytotoxicity against mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Methoxylation of resveratrol: effects on induction of NAD(P)H quinone-oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) activity and growth inhibitory properties.
AID1485922Metal chelating activity assessed as inhibition of Cu2+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42 residues) aggregation by measuring reduction in amyloid fibrils at 50 uM after 2 mins by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic analysis2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel chromone derivatives as balanced multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1332999Antioxidant activity in CCL4-intoxicated Wistar albino rat assessed as liver cytosolic glutathione peroxidase activity per mg protein at 100 mg/kg, ip administered for 7 consecutive days after DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate treatment followed by CCL4 dosing 2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 123Synthesis and evaluation of in vivo antioxidant, in vitro antibacterial, MRSA and antifungal activity of novel substituted isatin N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazones.
AID1309170Inhibition of Cu2+-amyloid beta (1 to 40) catalyzed generation of hydroxyl radical assessed as rate of radical formation per min at 2 equiv preincubated for 1 hr followed by CCA addition measured over 60 mins by CCA based fluorescence assay (Rvb = 13 +/- 2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID359333Effect on colony stimulating factor 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID738191Inhibition of NFkappaB signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID641065Antihyperglycemic activity in ddY mouse assessed as inhibition of sucrose-induced increase in plasma glucose level at 200 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before sucrose challenge measured after 1 hr (Rvb = 221.4 +/- 9.1 mg/dl)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID1632202Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID1533724Inhibition of human CYP1A1 using ethoxyresorufin as substrate by MROD assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Phytoestrogens and their synthetic analogues as substrate mimic inhibitors of CYP1B1.
AID1609871Induction of apoptosis in human HuH7 cells assessed as increase in late apoptotic cells at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by annexin V and 7-AAD staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1896330Activation of human N-terminal hexa-histidine tagged SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using peptide substrate by fluorescence polarization assay relative to control2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-10, Volume: 65, Issue:21
The Pursuit of Enzyme Activation: A Snapshot of the Gold Rush.
AID641061Antihyperglycemic activity in ddY mouse assessed as inhibition of sucrose-induced increase in plasma glucose level at 100 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before sucrose challenge measured after 0.5 hrs (Rvb = 220.5 +/- 16.9 mg/dl)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID416679Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2
Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic properties of stilbene-based resveratrol analogs.
AID642337Inhibition of TNFalpha-activated NF-kappaB expressed in HEK293 cells at 50 uM by luciferase reporter gene assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1298373Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in viral infectivity at 50 uM preincubated for 2 to 8 hrs followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs and subsequen2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID697845Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 40) aggregation assessed as induction of disaggregation at 10 uM treated 24 hrs after formation of aggregates by thioflavin T fluorescence method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID359301Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1347860Growth inhibition of mouse B16 cells at 25 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anti-melanogenic skin-protecting agents.
AID359097Antiapoptotic activity against osteoblasts in ovariectomized Wistar rat at 10 mg/kg after 10 weeks2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1371372Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID1362643Inhibition of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) fibril aggregation assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM measured on day 10 by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 100 +/- 8.72%)
AID1566055Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Discovery of potent 4-aminoquinoline hydrazone inhibitors of NRH:quinoneoxidoreductase-2 (NQO2).
AID359326Effect on procollagen 15 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID726362Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at 300 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazones from substituted benzaldehydes and N-(tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide.
AID1225529Reduction in Bcl2 expression in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID359103Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells xenografted in SCID mouse orthotropic model assessed as inhibition of 17beta estradiol-induced tumor weight at 10 mg/kg for 2 days2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1298433Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Nef mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing method (Rvb = 22.6%)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID370920Inhibition of COX22009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a library of resveratrol analogues as inhibitors of COX-1, COX-2 and NF-kappaB.
AID359070Increase in proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells assessed as fraction of cells in S phase at 0.1 to 10 uM after 24 hr by flow cytometry2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1878979Downregulation of miR-190a-5p expression in TGF-beta induced C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes at 10 to 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID491523Antioxidant activity assessed as nitric oxide scavenging activity at 60 uM2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID468427AUC in intragastrically dosed rat assessed as resveratrol disulfate level at 0.09 mmol/kg after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 19, Issue:23
Soluble polyphenols: synthesis and bioavailability of 3,4',5-tri(alpha-D-glucose-3-O-succinyl) resveratrol.
AID1385434Inhibition of NFkappaB in mouse RAW 264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS induced NO production at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Griess assay relative to control2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-27, Volume: 61, Issue:18
Novel Hybrid Conjugates with Dual Suppression of Estrogenic and Inflammatory Activities Display Significantly Improved Potency against Breast Cancer.
AID637959Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G204 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1311760Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as TNFalpha levels at 5 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 183.21 +/- 5.36 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID359546Effect on vascular endothelial growth factor C gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID418722Cytotoxicity against mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.
AID1352498Inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production in rat RAW264.7 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by ELISA2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146Alkylated resveratrol prodrugs and metabolites as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
AID738192Inhibition of AP1 signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of PMA induced luciferase at 100 uM treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1264954Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 5 uM treated for 3 days measured on day 4 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 97 to 100%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID510191Antitumor activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 6 days by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis of heterocycle-based analogs of resveratrol and their antitumor and vasorelaxing properties.
AID1395903Inhibition of DPP4 (unknown origin) using Gly-Pro-AMC as substrate preincubated for 4 secs followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins by luminescence assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-10, Volume: 151Recent progress of the development of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
AID595054Inhibition of bovine brain tubulin polymerization after 20 mins by turbidimetry2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of resveratrol derivatives possessing chalcone moiety as potential antitubulin agents.
AID320801Inhibition of beta amyloid 25-35 fibril formation at 10 uM2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 18, Issue:2
New polyphenols active on beta-amyloid aggregation.
AID1430689Apparent intrinsic clearance in human hepatocytes assessed per million cells at 5 uM by LC-MS/MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID1552787Neuroprotective activity against TBHP-induced cellular damage in rat PC12 cells assessed as cell viability at 10 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by TBHP addition and measured after 3 hrs by CCK8 assay (Rvb = 27.3%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 29, Issue:17
Comparative analysis of stilbene and benzofuran neolignan derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities.
AID639324Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori SI10 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID481676Induction of human ApoA-1 gene expression in human Caco-2 cells co-transfected with luc-beta-galactosidase at 15 uM after 48 hrs assessed as luciferase activity by luminometer relative to control2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 45, Issue:5
Stilbene analogs as inducers of apolipoprotein-I transcription.
AID1611506Thermal stability of compound in DMSO/methanol assessed as mass loss by UV spectroscopic method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID755112Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells after 72 hrs2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 21, Issue:13
Semisynthesis, cytotoxicity, antiviral activity, and drug interaction liability of 7-O-methylated analogues of flavonolignans from milk thistle.
AID730568Antinociceptive activity in Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of capsaicin-induced spontaneous nociception at 200 ug/site, administered as intraplantarly2013Journal of natural products, Jan-25, Volume: 76, Issue:1
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
AID359305Effect on bone morphogenetic protein 6 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID735925Activation of N-terminal His6-tagged SIRT1 (156 to 664 amino acid residues) (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) using ac-RHKKac-AMC as substrate after 45 mins by fluorometric analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID1573650Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in GCLC level at 6 uM by Western blot analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID1298392Effect on dRGU-TP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1298418Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in gag level at 50 uM after 2 to 72 hrs by qPCR method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1333791Cytotoxicity against human L02 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition at 100 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID634525Antioxidant activity in ethyl alcohol assessed as trolox equivalents of ABTS radical scavenging activity after 6 mins by TEAC assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 19, Issue:24
Synthesis and study of new paramagnetic resveratrol analogues.
AID1332998Antioxidant activity in CCL4-intoxicated Wistar albino rat assessed as liver cytosolic superoxide dismutase activity per mg protein at 100 mg/kg, ip administered for 7 consecutive days after DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate treatment followed by CCL4 dosing me2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 123Synthesis and evaluation of in vivo antioxidant, in vitro antibacterial, MRSA and antifungal activity of novel substituted isatin N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazones.
AID595053Antiproliferative activity against mouse B16F10 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of resveratrol derivatives possessing chalcone moiety as potential antitubulin agents.
AID1261093Down regulation of VEGF gene expression in human MCF7 cells at 10 ug/mL after 48 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Inhibitory effect of cytotoxic stilbenes related to resveratrol on the expression of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc genes.
AID719278Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate at 10 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24
Synthesis of novel azo-resveratrol, azo-oxyresveratrol and their derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
AID255902Inhibitory concentration required for antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-03, Volume: 48, Issue:22
Synthesis of a resveratrol analogue with high ceramide-mediated proapoptotic activity on human breast cancer cells.
AID1336831Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity incubated for 30 mins under dark condition2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quinolines: Microwave-assisted synthesis and their antifungal, anticancer and radical scavenger properties.
AID359184Inhibition of [14C]dehydroascorbic acid uptake in human U937 cells at 38 uM by scintillation spectrometry in presence of buffer containing NaCl and Na2HPO42001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1362754Immunomodulatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in CD86 expression at 50 uM incubated with LPS for 1 hr followed by compound addition measured after 24 hrs by flow cytometry2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:17
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of imine resveratrol analogues.
AID1611500Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 400 uM incubated for 60 mins by spectrophotometric method relative to control2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 29, Issue:24
Synthesis and evaluation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as sunscreens useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID762884Induction of SIRT1-mediated TFAM expression in H2O2-induced HUVEC pretreated for 1 day followed by compound washout and H2O2-treatment measured after 10 days by RT-PCR analysis2013Journal of natural products, Jul-26, Volume: 76, Issue:7
trans-Resveratrol in Gnetum gnemon protects against oxidative-stress-induced endothelial senescence.
AID1770510Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as release of LDH up to 250 uM measured after 24 hrs by lactate dehydrogenase assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 224Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular docking studies of phenyldiazenyl sulfonamides as aromatase inhibitors.
AID1676794Induction of membrane perturbation in DC20:1PC LUV bilayer assessed as fluorescence quench rate by measuring gramicidin mixture monomer to dimer equilibrium at 30 uM by fluorescence quenching assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-22, Volume: 63, Issue:20
Assessing the Perturbing Effects of Drugs on Lipid Bilayers Using Gramicidin Channel-Based
AID1062128Reduction in fimbriae production in Escherichia coli O157:H7 biofilm grown on nylon filter at 20 ug/ml after 24 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1333802Cell cycle arrest in human HeLa cells assessed as accumulation at G0/G1 phase at 50 uM after 24 hrs by propidium iodide-based FACS analysis (Rvb = 61.71%)2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID738206Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID455030Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID1407185Antioxidant activity assessed as ABTS radical cation scavenging activity by measuring trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity measured at 6 mins2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Donepezil-butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) hybrids as Anti-Alzheimer's disease agents with cholinergic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties.
AID1083156Antifungal activity against Diplodia seriata LAT28 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID610302Reduction in Escherichia coli count in C57BL/6J mouse distal colon mucosa with DSS-induced colon inflammation at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dosing for 6 days 2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID359557Inhibition of antiapoptotic activity in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 48 hrs in presence of BMP2-specific neutralizing antibody2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1281399Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-468 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 111Non-symmetrical furan-amidines as novel leads for the treatment of cancer and malaria.
AID377456Estrogenic activity in human MCF7 cells assessed as drug level causing stimulation of cell proliferation equivalent to 100 pM estradiol by alamar blue assay2005Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 68, Issue:3
Phenolic constituents of the rhizomes of the Thai medicinal plant Belamcanda chinensis with proliferative activity for two breast cancer cell lines.
AID1879023Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model transfected with miR-190a-5p agomir assessed as reduction in miR-190a-5p expression in liver at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by qRT-PCR analysis2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1298407Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in total mutation frequency at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs pr2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1884065Antibacterial activity against Clostridium difficile CECT531 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID359530Effect on runt related transcription factor 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1309191Induction of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation at 100 uM after 3 days by turbidity assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID1371386Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells assessed as cell viability at 16 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID359300Effect on biglycan gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID759449Induction of disaggregation of self-mediated amyloid beta (1 to 42) fibril (unknown origin) at 25 uM after 24 hrs by transmission electron microscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1632224Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human DU145 cells after 72 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID692955Inhibition of LiCl-induced Wnt/beta-casein in human HEK293T cells transfected with TOP Flash assessed as decrease in luciferase expression at 100 uM after 12 hrs by dual luciferase reporter assay2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID359177Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human HL60 cells by scintillation spectrometry in presence of sodium-free buffer2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID359318Effect on procollagen 10alpha 1 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID610241Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6J mouse model of DSS-induced colon inflammation assessed as reduction of colon IL6 level at 2.1 mg/kg/day, po for 21 days followed by compound dosing for 8 days co-administered with DSS followed by 2.1 mg/kg/day, po dos2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID416364Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID510192Vasorelaxant activity in Wistar rat aortic rings assessed as reduction in KCL-induced contractile tone2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis of heterocycle-based analogs of resveratrol and their antitumor and vasorelaxing properties.
AID1494288Antioxidant activity assessed as AAPH radical scavenging activity by measuring trolox equivalent at 10 to 20 uM preincubated for 10 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every min for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-08, Volume: 61, Issue:5
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Bioavailable Quinoline-Indole Derivatives as Innovative Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Promotion of Cell Proliferation in the Adult Murine Hippocampus for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
AID614625Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability at 100 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 19, Issue:18
Chemical modifications of resveratrol for improved protein kinase C alpha activity.
AID1371456Cmax in mouse at 100 mg/kg, po by HPLC method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-14, Volume: 60, Issue:23
Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy.
AID468426AUC in intragastrically dosed rat assessed as resveratrol glucuronide level at 0.09 mmol/kg after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 19, Issue:23
Soluble polyphenols: synthesis and bioavailability of 3,4',5-tri(alpha-D-glucose-3-O-succinyl) resveratrol.
AID1062139Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 assessed as repression of csgA expression at 20 ug/ml after 5 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1450150Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells after 2 days by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
One drug for two targets: Biological evaluation of antiretroviral agents endowed with antiproliferative activity.
AID1502973Reduction in total cholesterol in swine with metabolic syndrome and myocardial ischemia2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140Lipid lowering agents of natural origin: An account of some promising chemotypes.
AID1256178Antibacterial activity in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 for 16 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID697846Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 40) aggregation assessed as induction of disaggregation at 100 uM treated 24 hrs after formation of aggregates by thioflavin T fluorescence method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID1168365Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as restoration of SIRT1 mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last do2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1298263Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as 5-Aza-C EC50 at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs and subsequent viral infection measu2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1494290Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-induced aggregation at 5 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay relative to control2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-08, Volume: 61, Issue:5
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Bioavailable Quinoline-Indole Derivatives as Innovative Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Promotion of Cell Proliferation in the Adult Murine Hippocampus for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
AID1420923Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter jejuni after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1879005Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as late apoptotic cells by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 12.03 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID359053Reversal of induction of FOXO3a activity in human MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with FOXO3a-specific small interfering RNA2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID692951Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as increase in p21WAF1/CIP1 protein level at 100 uM by Western blotting2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1888431Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 5 mins by DTNB-reagent based Ellman's method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 227Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel (4-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl)-2-aminoacetamide derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1772551Toxicity in 3hpf zebrafish AB embryo assessed as NOAEL measured 96 hpf2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223Silyl resveratrol derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
AID468425AUC in intragastrically dosed rat assessed as resveratrol sulfate level at 0.09 mmol/kg after 10 mins2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 19, Issue:23
Soluble polyphenols: synthesis and bioavailability of 3,4',5-tri(alpha-D-glucose-3-O-succinyl) resveratrol.
AID359080Increase in osteocalcin mRNA levels in human MG63 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1083163Antifungal activity against Botryosphaeria dothidea OGE14 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days relative to control2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID299632Neuronal differentiation activity assessed as increase in number of neurons at 0.1 uM in relative to control2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Dual bioactivity of resveratrol fatty alcohols: differentiation of neural stem cells and modulation of neuroinflammation.
AID1298354Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as increase in frequency of T to C transversion at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by illumina sequencing me2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID610399Antiinflammatory activity in human CCD-18Co cells assessed inhibition of IL1beta-induced PGE2 production at 1 uM after 18 hrs2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-28, Volume: 53, Issue:20
Preventive oral treatment with resveratrol pro-prodrugs drastically reduce colon inflammation in rodents.
AID692945Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in Ki67 mRNA level at 100 uM after 36 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1317151Oral bioavailability in rat at 50 or 150 mg/kg/day administered through gavage for 14 consecutive days by HPLC analysis2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119How much successful are the medicinal chemists in modulation of SIRT1: A critical review.
AID1435567Inhibition of recombinant full length LSD1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE) using H3K4me2 substrate by fluorescence assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126Discovery of resveratrol derivatives as novel LSD1 inhibitors: Design, synthesis and their biological evaluation.
AID1372023Antioxidant activity assessed as Trolox equivalents of photolysis-induced superoxide anion scavenging activity using CYPMPO spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID692975Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS 174T cells assessed as reduction in pygopus2 protein level at 100 uM by Western blotting2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1309179Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as remaining fibril aggregates at 100 uM after 7 days at pH 6.60 by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 24, Issue:16
Ionophoric polyphenols selectively bind Cu(2+), display potent antioxidant and anti-amyloidogenic properties, and are non-toxic toward Tetrahymena thermophila.
AID271284Inhibition of COX2 assessed as LPS-stimulated PGE2 production in human whole blood leukocyte2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17
Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and biological evaluation of phenylazobenzenesulfonamides.
AID1220765Cmax in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg administered intraarterially by LC-MS/MS analysis2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Oct, Volume: 40, Issue:10
In vivo-formed versus preformed metabolite kinetics of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate and trans-resveratrol-3-glucuronide.
AID1298323Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 50 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID349547Activation of human SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as concentration required to increase 50% enzyme activity by fluorescence polarization assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Discovery of oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and related heterocyclic analogs as novel SIRT1 activators.
AID491613Inhibition of iNOS-mediated nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW 264.7 cells pretreated 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 20 hrs by Griess reaction method relative to control2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID1256164Inhibition of Quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as inhibition of swarming motility at 100 uM after 16 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID1420924Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter coli after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1311768Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as PGE2 levels at 50 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 33.2 +/- 2.33 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID264590Antiproliferative activity against MDR human HL60R cell line2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID603318Inhibition of human CD38 using 20 uM 1, N6-etheno NAD+ as substrate by continuous fluorimetric method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 21, Issue:13
Flavonoids as inhibitors of human CD38.
AID713103Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated L-tyrosine oxidation assessed as decrease in dopachrome formation at 100 uM after 60 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID1298293Reduction in dGTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1140472Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) self-aggregation at 20 uM after 46 to 48 hrs by thioflavin T based fluorometric assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 24, Issue:10
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzylisoquinoline derivatives as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1771670Inhibition of ultraviolet B-irradiation upregulated of prostaglandin E2 production in human HaCaT cells measured after 2 hrs by ELISA2021Journal of natural products, 09-24, Volume: 84, Issue:9
Salicinoyl Quinic Acids and Their Prostaglandin E
AID1770524Inhibition of human aromatase using dibenzylfluorescein as a substrate preincubated with NADPH regenerating system for 10 mins followed by substrate addition incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence based analysis2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 224Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular docking studies of phenyldiazenyl sulfonamides as aromatase inhibitors.
AID1570238Inhibition of human 5-LOX expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 using arachidonic acid as substrate at 10 uM preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition by HPLC analysis relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Protective effect of piceatannol and bioactive stilbene derivatives against hypoxia-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and structural elucidation as 5-LOX inhibitors.
AID1311917Inhibition of self-induced aggregation of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) at 20 uM measured after 46 to 48 hrs by ThT-based fluorometric assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 24, Issue:18
Synthesis and evaluation of multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on the fusion of donepezil and melatonin.
AID432238Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 80 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1203640Inhibition of rat liver TrxR assessed as increase in absorbance at 50 uM by DTNB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoselenazole-stilbene hybrids as multi-target-directed anti-cancer agents.
AID724580Binding affinity to planer lipid bilayer assessed as increase in anodic current by cyclic voltammetric analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID650847Inhibition of TNF-alpha activated NF-kappaB expressed in HEK293 cells at 50 uM by luciferase reporter gene assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7
Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID491620Cytotoxicity against human HEK293 cells at 34 uM2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID638158Bactericidal activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori SI10 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID724374Induction of morphological changes in human erythrocytes at => 60 uM after 1 hr by cold field emission scanning electron microscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1519069Antimelanogenic activity against C57BL/6 mouse B16F10 cells at 10 uM incubated for 72 hrs relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184From bench to counter: Discovery and validation of a peony extract as tyrosinase inhibiting cosmeceutical.
AID634526Antioxidant activity in 0.05 M phosphate buffered saline assessed as trolox equivalents of ABTS radical scavenging activity after 6 mins by TEAC assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 19, Issue:24
Synthesis and study of new paramagnetic resveratrol analogues.
AID1430669Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 30 uM after 72 hrs by CellTitre-Glo luminescent assay relative to control2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID692943Cytotoxicity against human LS 174T cells at 10 uM for 4 days by vi-cell cell viability analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1464283Cytotoxicity against mouse BV2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 1 to 100 uM after 24 hrs in presence of LPS by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 27, Issue:20
Natural neuro-inflammatory inhibitors from Caragana turfanensis.
AID293299Antioxidant activity in BALB/c mouse BM cells assessed as inhibition of ROS production2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 15, Issue:4
Improved quantitative structure-activity relationship models to predict antioxidant activity of flavonoids in chemical, enzymatic, and cellular systems.
AID641066Antihyperglycemic activity in ddY mouse assessed as inhibition of sucrose-induced increase in plasma glucose level at 200 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before sucrose challenge measured after 2 hrs (Rvb = 160.8 +/- 3.5 mg/dl)2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Antidiabetogenic oligostilbenoids and 3-ethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from the bark of Shorea roxburghii.
AID1256183Decrease in rhIR gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 at 400 uM by RT-PCR analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
The quorum-sensing inhibiting effects of stilbenoids and their potential structure-activity relationship.
AID432138Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 60 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1543529Permeability of the compound in PBS/EtOH at 100 ug/ml after 10 hrs by PAMPA-BBB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 167Synthesis and evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-benzimidazole hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID639321Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 328 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID719271Inhibition of human aromatase activity after 30 mins by fluorescence analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID164858Tested in vitro for the inhibition of protein-tyrosine kinase p56lck using angiotensin I (1.2 mM) and [gamma-32P]-ATP (50 pM)1993Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 36, Issue:20
Synthesis and protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity of polyhydroxylated stilbene analogues of piceatannol.
AID264589Proapoptotic activity against human HL60 cell line2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-18, Volume: 49, Issue:10
Identification of a terphenyl derivative that blocks the cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and induces differentiation in leukemia cells.
AID432146Inhibition of FSL-1-induced increase in phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in human THP1 cells using trypan blue staining after 20 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1372024Antioxidant activity assessed as Trolox equivalents of photolysis-induced singlet oxygen scavenging activity using 4-HO-TEMP spin trap by ESR spectroscopic method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 27, Issue:23
Resveratrol analogues like piceatannol are potent antioxidants as quantitatively demonstrated through the high scavenging ability against reactive oxygen species and methyl radical.
AID605943Activation of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase in human HaCaT lysate at 50 uM using equine cardiac cytochrome C substrate by spectrophotometry2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Glucosyloxybenzyl eucomate derivatives from Vanda teres stimulate HaCaT cytochrome c oxidase.
AID403718Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by acid phosphatase method2005Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 68, Issue:10
Cytotoxic furostanol saponins and a megastigmane glucoside from tribulus parvispinus.
AID1237127Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production at 10 mM pre-incubated for 10 mins before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by ELISA method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of paralleled Aza resveratrol-chalcone compounds as potential anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of acute lung injury.
AID638059Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 2Ca isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1083161Antifungal activity against Neofusicoccum parvum PER20 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID273488Suppression of LPS-stimulated COX2 mRNA expression in mouse BV2 cells at 20 uM2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-30, Volume: 49, Issue:24
Substituted trans-stilbenes, including analogues of the natural product resveratrol, inhibit the human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB.
AID608338Antifungal activity against 1 x 10'4 cfu/mL Candida albicans ATCC 6258 after 48 hrs by NCCLS M38-P microtiter broth dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 46, Issue:8
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new benzofuran derivatives.
AID1362647Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) fibril aggregation assessed as aggregation level at 100 uM measured on day 7 by UV-visible turbidity method (Rvb = 100 +/- 2.22%)
AID375991Antioxidant activity assessed as inhibition of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride-induced lipid peroxidation at 3.125 ug/ml by ferric thiocyanate system relative to control2006Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 69, Issue:4
Vanillic acid glycoside and quinic acid derivatives from Gardeniae Fructus.
AID1168370Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as change in SIRT6 mRNA level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID481132Binding affinity to Vaccinia virus recombinant N1L I6K mutant expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as protein melting temperature at 214 uM by differential scanning calorimetry2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Vaccinia virus virulence factor N1L is a novel promising target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
AID1879006Inhibition of TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis in C57/B6J mouse primary hepatocytes assessed as dead cells by Annexin-V-FITC-H and PI staining based flow cytometry analysis (Rvb = 3.68 %)2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID697853Inhibition of horse BChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID1467206Cytotoxicity against human ALL5 cells after 120 hrs by MTT method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Activity of resveratrol triesters against primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
AID1362635Metal chelating activity assessed as inhibition of Cu2+ induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) aggregation by measuring decrease in ROS production at 2 equiv after 75 mins by fluorescence assay
AID638056Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 4Cb isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID639331Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 18C7 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1420917Antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID359536Effect on transforming growth factor beta 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1533723Inhibition of human CYP1A1 using ethoxyresorufin as substrate by EROD assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163Phytoestrogens and their synthetic analogues as substrate mimic inhibitors of CYP1B1.
AID1609872Induction of apoptosis in human HuH7 cells assessed as increase in necrotic cells at 100 uM incubated for 48 hrs by annexin V and 7-AAD staining based assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 183Review about the multi-target profile of resveratrol and its implication in the SGK1 inhibition.
AID1311918Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH radical scavenging activity preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every min for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 24, Issue:18
Synthesis and evaluation of multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on the fusion of donepezil and melatonin.
AID738202Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition measured at 100 uM after 48 hrs by XTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID418721Inhibition of aromatase after 30 mins by fluorescence assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.
AID1083168Antifungal activity against Eutypa lata BX1-10 assessed as growth inhibition at 500 uM measured after 1 to 10 days relative to control2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID359543Effect on vitamin D receptor gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID697064Inhibition of duck liver FASN2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16
The lipogenesis pathway as a cancer target.
AID719273Induction of quinone reductase-1 activity in mouse BPrc1 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID1383210Permeability of the compound after 10 hrs by PAMPA2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 149Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of compounds with a new scaffold as anti-neuroinflammatory agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1264950Cytotoxicity against human MSC assessed as cell viability at 1 uM measured on day 1 by alamar blue assay (Rvb = 97 to 101%)2015Journal of natural products, Nov-25, Volume: 78, Issue:11
Defining Key Structural Determinants for the Pro-osteogenic Activity of Flavonoids.
AID1190482Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH free radical scavenging activity after 30 mins by spectrophotometry2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
Evaluation of two novel antioxidants with differential effects on curcumin-induced apoptosis in C2 skeletal myoblasts; involvement of JNKs.
AID491529Cytotoxicity against human KB cells assessed as cell survival at 20 ug/ml after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B method2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 53, Issue:13
Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
AID735492Activation of N-terminal His6-tagged SIRT1 (156 to 664 amino acid residues) (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) using ac-RHKKac-NH2 as substrate after 45 mins by fluorometric analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery and mechanism study of SIRT1 activators that promote the deacetylation of fluorophore-labeled substrate.
AID738183Inhibition of Ets signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID713097Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated oxygen consumption at 100 uM using L-tyrosine substrate incubated 30 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 60 mins2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID123081the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that inhibits all visible growth of the Micrococcus luteus (bacteria) at 64 ug/ml2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1418627Metal chelating activity assessed as inhibition of Fe3+-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42 residues) fibrils at 50 uM after 24 hrs by uranyl acetate staining based transmission electron microscopic analysis2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 26, Issue:22
Resveratrol-maltol hybrids as multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer's disease.
AID248171inhibitory concentration against PGE-2 production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-06, Volume: 14, Issue:23
Synthesis and inhibitory effects of pinosylvin derivatives on prostaglandin E2 production in lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse macrophage cells.
AID349883Inhibition of amyloid beta (1-42) self-aggregation at 50 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Tacripyrines, the first tacrine-dihydropyridine hybrids, as multitarget-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID228461Inhibition of tubulin polymerization reported as IC502002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 45, Issue:12
Antineoplastic agents. 465. Structural modification of resveratrol: sodium resverastatin phosphate.
AID1884054Antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID1480843Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH-induced radical scavenging activity at 5 uM pretreated for 15 mins followed by APPH challenge measured every minute for 240 mins by ORAC-FL assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-arylethenyl-N-methylquinolinium derivatives as effective multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID1430691Apparent intrinsic clearance in rat hepatocytes assessed per million cells at 5 uM by LC-MS/MS analysis2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID359075Reversal of increase in pBMP2 expression in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells transfected with dominant-negative mutant Src expression vector at 1 uM by luciferase method2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1888435Inhibition of NO production in LPS-induced mouse BV-2 cells pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 227Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel (4-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl)-2-aminoacetamide derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID638051Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 10K isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID404514Binding affinity to human serum albumin at 4 uM by fluorescence enhancing measurement2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 16, Issue:12
Design, synthesis and spectroscopic studies of resveratrol aliphatic acid ligands of human serum albumin.
AID1306435Lipophilicity, log P of the compound2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Synthesis and skin gene analysis of 4'-acetoxy-resveratrol (4AR), therapeutic potential for dermal applications.
AID642331Induction of QR1 activity in mouse TAOc1 mutant Hepa cells using MTT as substrate assessed as induction ratio by spectrophotometry relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID654123Antioxidant activity assessed as concentration required to scavenge 50% superoxide anions after 10 mins by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts.
AID1884066Antibacterial activity against Clostridium-ihumii AP5 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID359087Increase in osteopontin mRNA levels in rat primary osteoblast cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1571121Inhibition of self-induced aggregation of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) at 20 uM after 48 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorescence method relative to control2018MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11
Discovery of boron-containing compounds as Aβ aggregation inhibitors and antioxidants for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID359279Reversal of increase in DNA-binding activity of ERalpha in nuclear extracts of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells by electrophoretic mobility shift assays in presence of PP22007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID388251Antiproliferative activity against human CNE2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 16, Issue:23
The design, synthesis, and anti-tumor mechanism study of N-phosphoryl amino acid modified resveratrol analogues.
AID1385447Inhibition of NFkappaB in mouse RAW 264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS induced NO production at 10 uM after 24 hrs in presence of OBHS by Griess assay relative to control2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-27, Volume: 61, Issue:18
Novel Hybrid Conjugates with Dual Suppression of Estrogenic and Inflammatory Activities Display Significantly Improved Potency against Breast Cancer.
AID474871Antioxidant activity assessed as against AAPH-induced oxidative damage of pBR322 plasmid DNA assessed as single strand breakage at 10 uM by gel electrophoresis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of hydroxyl-substituted Schiff bases.
AID1333803Cell cycle arrest in human HeLa cells assessed as accumulation at S phase at 50 uM after 24 hrs by propidium iodide-based FACS analysis (Rvb = 31.26%)2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID634528Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced ROS production after 24 hrs using DCFH-DA by fluorescent microplate reader2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 19, Issue:24
Synthesis and study of new paramagnetic resveratrol analogues.
AID1220766Tmax in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg administered intraarterially by LC-MS/MS analysis2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Oct, Volume: 40, Issue:10
In vivo-formed versus preformed metabolite kinetics of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate and trans-resveratrol-3-glucuronide.
AID1632221Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human DU145 cells after 48 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID349548Activation of human SIRT1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as maximum activation of enzyme activity by fluorescence polarization assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Discovery of oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and related heterocyclic analogs as novel SIRT1 activators.
AID359516Effect on MAD homolog 3 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID416358Inhibition of Fe(2+)/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocyte ghosts assessed as inhibition of malondialdehyde formation at 5 uM2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6
4,4'-Dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a resveratrol analogue, exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.
AID1772552Toxicity in 3hpf zebrafish AB embryo assessed as LOAEL measured 96 hpf2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223Silyl resveratrol derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
AID359106Increase in BMP2 mRNA levels in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells at 1 uM by RT-PCR method2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1178163In vitro photoprotection of the compound assessed as UVA to UVB ratio by Optometric 290S analyzer2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Synthesis, antioxidant and photoprotection activities of hybrid derivatives useful to prevent skin cancer.
AID1083155Antifungal activity against Diplodia seriata BoF99-1 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 1 to 10 days2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 60, Issue:48
Phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae family.
AID432153Inhibition of heat killed Escherichia coli K12-induced nuclear translocation of p65 element of NF-kappaB in HEK293 cells expressing TLR2 at 100 uM pretreated for 1 hr before 6 hrs heat killed bacterial stimulation by immunostaining method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID481136Binding affinity to Vaccinia virus recombinant N1L I6K mutant expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as effect on enthalpy of protein unfolding at 214 uM by differential scanning calorimetry2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Vaccinia virus virulence factor N1L is a novel promising target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
AID273485Antioxidant activity measured as ability to reduce ferric tripyridyltriazine complex at 15 uM by FRAP assay2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-30, Volume: 49, Issue:24
Substituted trans-stilbenes, including analogues of the natural product resveratrol, inhibit the human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB.
AID359174Inhibition of 2-[1,2-3H(N)]deoxy-D-glucose uptake in human U937 cells by Michaelis-Menten plot2001Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 64, Issue:3
Inhibition of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptakes by resveratrol in human transformed myelocytic cells.
AID1062144Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 after 24 hrs by spectrophotometry2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1420930Antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 100 ug/ml after 18 hrs by crystal violet staining-based method relative to control2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID293298Antioxidant activity assessed as inhibition of superoxide production by xanthine/xanthine oxidase method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 15, Issue:4
Improved quantitative structure-activity relationship models to predict antioxidant activity of flavonoids in chemical, enzymatic, and cellular systems.
AID1298439Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as Gag mutation at 50 uM incubated for 4 hrs preinfection followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs preinfection and subseque2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID1311776Inhibition of NFkappaB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as protein levels at 25 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 1.23 +/- 0.06 pg/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1884082Bactericidal activity against Enterococcus faecalis LMG 16003 at 128 uM measured upto 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID738178Inhibition of FoxO signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of luciferase at 100 uM treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1879028Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as increase in albumin level in serum at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose by ELISA2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID1298400Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID654117Antioxidant activity assessed as scavenging of DPPH at 34.4 uM up to 10 mins by spectrophotometry2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8
Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts.
AID638150Bactericidal activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G12 isolated from chronic gastritis patient compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1424460Growth inhibition of human A549 cells2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 142From bench (laboratory) to bed (hospital/home): How to explore effective natural and synthetic PAK1-blockers/longevity-promoters for cancer therapy.
AID697852Inhibition of electric eel AChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID1065383Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Small azobenzene derivatives active against bacteria and fungi.
AID458140Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 3065 at 50 ug/ml after 20 hrs by disk diffusion method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 20, Issue:3
The antimicrobial activity of compounds from the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis against two oral pathogens.
AID692980Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human HEK293T cells transfected with TOP Flash assessed as decrease in luciferase expression at 100 uM after 12 hrs by dual luciferase reporter assay2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID639239Antibacterial activity against CagA-deficient Helicobacter pylori G50 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID359508Effect on integrin alpha 2 gene expression in rat primary osteoblast cells assessed as expression ratio of treated to untreated control by microarray analysis2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID719270Inhibition of TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activity expressed in HEK293 cells at 50 uM by luciferase reporter gene assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24
Optimization of thiazole analogues of resveratrol for induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 (QR1).
AID1573652Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in HO-1 mRNA expression at 6 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID1168354Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction AST level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of isonia2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID770334Competitive inhibition of human quinone reductase 2 using menadione/N-methyldihydronicotinamide as substrate after 10 mins by double-reciprocal plot analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 21, Issue:19
Design, synthesis, biological and structural evaluation of functionalized resveratrol analogues as inhibitors of quinone reductase 2.
AID1884057Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis V583 incubated for 20 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID725751Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells at 50 uM by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
Novel Aza-resveratrol analogs: synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines.
AID1362654Disaggregation of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils assessed as fluorescence emission at 100 uM after 4 days by thioflavin-T based assay (Rvb = 322.95 +/- 17.69 No_unit)
AID478953Antiproliferative activity against human JR8 cells after 72 hrs2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 18, Issue:10
Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of stilbene-coumarin hybrid compounds: Identification of novel proapoptotic agents.
AID1632225Selectivity index, ratio of CD50 against human MHRF cells to CD50 for human T24 cells after 72 hrs2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-15, Volume: 26, Issue:18
Synthesis and anticancer activity of a hydroxytolan series.
AID692947Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in CD44 mRNA level at 100 uM after 36 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID432161Inhibition of FSL1-induced upregulation of DC-SIGN mRNA expression in in human THP1 cells at 100 uM after 1 hr by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID432167Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Staphylococcus aureus 209P in mouse RAW264.7 cells using trypan blue staining after 40 mins by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1306440Inhibition of recombinant human CYP1A1 expressed in Escherichia coli DH5aplha cells assessed as O-deethylation of ethoxyresorufin in presence of NADPH at 100 uM measured after 2 mins by spectrofluorometric method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 26, Issue:14
Aryl morpholino triazenes inhibit cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1.
AID432140Inhibition of phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated Escherichia coli K12 in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in ratio of number of bacterial cells to phagocytes using trypan blue staining by flow cytometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Resveratrol modulates phagocytosis of bacteria through an NF-kappaB-dependent gene program.
AID1220761AUC (0 to infinity) in C57BL/6 mouse at 15 mg/kg administered intraarterially by LC-MS/MS analysis2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Oct, Volume: 40, Issue:10
In vivo-formed versus preformed metabolite kinetics of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate and trans-resveratrol-3-glucuronide.
AID1168362Hepatoprotective activity against isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in IL6 level at 100 mg/kg, po bid for 3 days starting 30 mins prior isoniazid-rifampicin administration measured 24 hrs post-last dose of iso2014Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10
Protective effects of resveratrol on hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin via SIRT1 modulation.
AID1333783Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 2,3-diaryl acrylonitrile derivatives as potential anticancer agents.
AID1573654Activation of Nrf2 in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as increase in GCLC mRNA expression at 6 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing acrylamide moiety as novel antioxidant agents.
AID1298372Selectivity index, ratio of 5-Aza-C CC50 for human U373-MAGI cells to 5-Aza-C EC50 for VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 in presence of 50 uM compound (Rvb = 2.8 No_unit)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID738190Inhibition of NFkappaB signaling pathway in human HeLa cells assessed as measured as lowest concentration required 50 to 60 % inhibition of PMA induced luciferase treated 30 mins before induction2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Cytotoxicity and modulation of cancer-related signaling by (Z)- and (E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene isolated from Eugenia rigida.
AID1173641Antiproliferative activity against human MDA468 cells by MTT assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of 2-hydroxylated (E)-stilbenes.
AID692950Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS174T cells assessed as effect on beta-casein protein level at 100 uM by Western blotting2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID1674579Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 at 256 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2020Journal of natural products, 08-28, Volume: 83, Issue:8
Generation of Stilbene Antimicrobials against Multiresistant Strains of
AID1062135Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 assessed as repression of csgF expression at 20 ug/ml after 5 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2014Journal of natural products, Jan-24, Volume: 77, Issue:1
Resveratrol oligomers inhibit biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID637964Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori G27 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID713111Drug metabolism assessed as oxidation of the compound at 100 uM after 60 mins by HPLC analysis in the presence of tyrosinase2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID724573Binding affinity to curcumin encapsulated liposomes assessed as curcumin release from unilamellar vesicles at 100 uM after 20 mins NMR spectroscopic analysis2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Dose-dependent interaction of trans-resveratrol with biomembranes: effects on antioxidant property.
AID1298374Potentiation of 5-Aza-dC-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in viral infectivity at 25 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-Aza-dC addition for 2 hrs and subsequent v2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID359086Increase in osteopontin mRNA levels in human MG63 cells at 1 uM after 72 hrs by RT-PCR2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 282, Issue:27
Forkhead proteins are critical for bone morphogenetic protein-2 regulation and anti-tumor activity of resveratrol.
AID1730040Neuroprotective activity against amyloid beta 42-induced toxicity in rat primary cortical neurons at 10 uM
AID1882449Inhibition of human HDAC4 at 100 uM relative to control2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-24, Volume: 65, Issue:4
Chasing a Breath of Fresh Air in Cystic Fibrosis (CF): Therapeutic Potential of Selective HDAC6 Inhibitors to Tackle Multiple Pathways in CF Pathophysiology.
AID1311774Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as iNOS levels at 50 umol/L by ELISA (Rvb = 31.63 +/- 3.26 U/mL)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Anti-inflammatory polyphenol constituents derived from Cissus pteroclada Hayata.
AID1317149Oral bioavailability in human at 50 uCi up to 12 hrs using 14C-labeled compound by scintillation counting method2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119How much successful are the medicinal chemists in modulation of SIRT1: A critical review.
AID418720Inhibition of human quinone reductase 2 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) incubated at 23 degC by MTT assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.
AID1608139Cytoprotection activity against H2O2-induced cell death in rat HBZY-1 cells assessed as cell viability at 6 uM preincubated with compound for 2 hrs followed by H2O2 addition and measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 62.1%)2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180Synthesis and assessment of phenylacrylamide derivatives as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1298319Effect on 5-aza-dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 200 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Synergistic reduction of HIV-1 infectivity by 5-azacytidine and inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase.
AID589205Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1A1 measured by 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD)2005Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID637961Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori MDO21 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1188905Induction of SV40 promoter-mediated luciferase gene expression in human HeLa cells at 10 to 100 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2014ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-14, Volume: 5, Issue:8
Total Synthesis and Biological Studies of TMC-205 and Analogues as Anticancer Agents and Activators of SV40 Promoter.
AID455037Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 17, Issue:18
E-Combretastatin and E-resveratrol structural modifications: antimicrobial and cancer cell growth inhibitory beta-E-nitrostyrenes.
AID638048Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori SI10 isolated from chronic gastritis patient after 48 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1879018Antifibrotic activity in CCL-4 induced liver fibrosis C57/B6J mouse model assessed as reduction in hydroxyproline level in liver at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured after 72 hrs post last dose2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 57Resveratrol inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis and alleviated liver fibrosis through miR-190a-5p /HGF axis.
AID639328Antibacterial activity against CagA-expressing Helicobacter pylori 18K7 isolated from gastric carcinoma patient after 24 hrs compound exposure followed by incubation on Columbia-blood agar plate for 3 to 5 days2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Increased susceptibility to resveratrol of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric carcinoma.
AID1225528Reduction in PARP1 expression in prostate tissue in BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model at 1 mg/kg, ip daily for 4 weeks by Western blot analysis2015Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4
Effects of resveratrol on benign prostatic hyperplasia by the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins.
AID1884063Antibacterial activity against Clostridium beijerinckii B504 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI based broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 85, Issue:6
Chemically Tuning Resveratrol for the Effective Killing of Gram-Positive Pathogens.
AID713110Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase-mediated dopachrome formation after 60 mins by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Resveratrol as a kcat type inhibitor for tyrosinase: potentiated melanogenesis inhibitor.
AID692974Inhibition of Wnt/beta-casein in human LS 174T cells assessed as reduction in TCF4 protein level at 100 uM by Western blotting2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluorinated N,N-dialkylaminostilbenes for Wnt pathway inhibition and colon cancer repression.
AID749797Inhibition of VEGF mRNA expression in human HT-29 cells at 20 ug/mL after 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis relative to control2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Inhibition of VEGF expression in cancer cells and endothelial cell differentiation by synthetic stilbene derivatives.
AID1420922Antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae after 17 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds.
AID1430670Cytotoxicity against human MIAPaCa2 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 30 uM after 72 hrs by CellTitre-Glo luminescent assay relative to control2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-11, Volume: 8, Issue:5
Toward Resolving the Resveratrol Conundrum: Synthesis and
AID642342Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production at 40 uM preincubated for 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1
Optimizing thiadiazole analogues of resveratrol versus three chemopreventive targets.
AID1508630Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347045Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID588378qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID1347057CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID588349qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID1347410qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library2019Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID504836Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation2002The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16
Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID1347405qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347058CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347049Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347151Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347050Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347154Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347095qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347090qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347407qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347097qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1801525Tyrosinase Activity from Article 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.01.001: \\Synthesis and tyrosinase inhibition activity of trans-stilbene derivatives.\\2016Bioorganic chemistry, Feb, Volume: 64Synthesis and tyrosinase inhibition activity of trans-stilbene derivatives.
AID1799522EROD Assay from Article 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.05.004: \\Synthesis of unnatural flavonoids and stilbenes by exploiting the plant biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli.\\2007Chemistry & biology, Jun, Volume: 14, Issue:6
Synthesis of unnatural flavonoids and stilbenes by exploiting the plant biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli.
AID1799023QR2 Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1042/BJ20071373: \\Kinetic, thermodynamic and X-ray structural insights into the interaction of melatonin and analogues with quinone reductase 2.\\2008The Biochemical journal, Jul-01, Volume: 413, Issue:1
Kinetic, thermodynamic and X-ray structural insights into the interaction of melatonin and analogues with quinone reductase 2.
AID1798379In Vitro Binding Assay from Article 10.1021/jm0498194: \\Synthesis and biological properties of new stilbene derivatives of resveratrol as new selective aryl hydrocarbon modulators.\\2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1
Synthesis and biological properties of new stilbene derivatives of resveratrol as new selective aryl hydrocarbon modulators.
AID1799638Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1002/cbic.201000376: \\A novel competitive class of u00CEu00B1-glucosidase inhibitors: (E)-1-phenyl-3-(4-styrylphenyl)urea derivatives.\\2010Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology, Oct-18, Volume: 11, Issue:15
A novel competitive class of α-glucosidase inhibitors: (E)-1-phenyl-3-(4-styrylphenyl)urea derivatives.
AID1798975QR2 Assay and IC50 Value Determination from Article 10.1021/jm801335z: \\Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.\\2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synthesis of casimiroin and optimization of its quinone reductase 2 and aromatase inhibitory activities.
AID1224864HCS microscopy assay (F508del-CFTR)2016PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:10
Increasing the Endoplasmic Reticulum Pool of the F508del Allele of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Leads to Greater Folding Correction by Small Molecule Therapeutics.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).2014Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID977611Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Kd) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB2011Biochemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 50, Issue:8
Structure of trans-resveratrol in complex with the cardiac regulatory protein troponin C.
AID977611Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Kd) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB2014Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology, May-26, Volume: 15, Issue:8
Resveratrol and its metabolites bind to PPARs.
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
AID1745855NCATS anti-infectives library activity on the primary C. elegans qHTS viability assay2023Disease models & mechanisms, 03-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
In vivo quantitative high-throughput screening for drug discovery and comparative toxicology.
AID1745854NCATS anti-infectives library activity on HEK293 viability as a counter-qHTS vs the C. elegans viability qHTS2023Disease models & mechanisms, 03-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
In vivo quantitative high-throughput screening for drug discovery and comparative toxicology.
AID977608Experimentally measured binding affinity data (IC50) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15
Discovery of leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors using metabolomics biased fragment crystallography.
AID977611Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Kd) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB2015Biochimica et biophysica acta, Apr, Volume: 1854, Issue:4
Structures and binding studies of the complexes of phospholipase A2 with five inhibitors.
AID657370Inhibition of cytosolic human carbonic anhydrase 2 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657380Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 7 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657381Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 13 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657382Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 14 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657378Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 5b preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657383Inhibition of mouse carbonic anhydrase 15 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657377Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 4 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657384Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 5a preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657376Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 3 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657374Inhibition of transmembrane tumor-associated human carbonic anhydrase 12 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657368Inhibition of cytosolic human carbonic anhydrase 1 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657372Inhibition of transmembrane tumor-associated human carbonic anhydrase 9 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID657379Inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase 6 preincubated for 15 mins by stopped flow CO2 hydration assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9
Flavones and structurally related 4-chromenones inhibit carbonic anhydrases by a different mechanism of action compared to coumarins.
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347091qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347094qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347106qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508630Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347090qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347092qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347107qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347098qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347101qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (10,685)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19901 (0.01)18.7374
1990's129 (1.21)18.2507
2000's2091 (19.57)29.6817
2010's6140 (57.46)24.3611
2020's2324 (21.75)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 71.08

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index71.08 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.20 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.56 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index232.20 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index3.98 (0.95)

This Compound (71.08)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials241 (2.20%)5.53%
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews1,361 (12.45%)6.00%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies11 (0.10%)4.05%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational8 (0.07%)0.25%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other9,310 (85.17%)84.16%
Other8 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (157)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Enhancing Memory Functions in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment by Dietary Interventions and in Combination With Exercise and Cognitive Training - Proof of Concept and Mechanisms [NCT01219244]Phase 2/Phase 3330 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2010-08-31Completed
Safety and Efficacy of an Antioxidant Based Dietary Supplement With PUFAs in Healthy Female Volunteers With Cellulite (Orange Peel Skin) [NCT01321268]8 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-05-31Terminated(stopped due to sponsor stopped study due to recruitment problems)
Resveratrol and Exercise to Treat Functional Limitations in Late Life [NCT02523274]Phase 260 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-06-30Completed
A Pilot RCT on the Effect of Resveratrol on Mood, Memory Deficits, Hippocampal Inflammation and Neurogenesis in Veterans With Gulf War Illness [NCT03665740]Phase 268 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-08-01Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of a New Medical Device Based on Resveratrol and Carbossimetyl Beta Glucan in Treatment of Upper Airways Disease in Infancy [NCT03683108]Phase 3100 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-12-31Completed
Evaluating the Clinical Efficacy of Resveratrol in Improving Metabolic and Skeletal Muscle Function in Patients With Heart Failure [NCT03525379]Phase 213 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-10-26Completed
Resveratrol Supplementation in Patients With Mitochondrial Myopathies and Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Cross Over Study [NCT03728777]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-04-09Completed
Pilot Study of Resveratrol in Postmenopausal Women With High Body Mass Index [NCT01370889]Phase 146 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-06-30Completed
The Effects of Resveratrol on Serum Apolipoprotein A-I Concentrations in Men and Women With Low HDL-cholesterol Concentrations [NCT01364961]50 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-01-31Completed
Effects of Reveratrol on Cardiovascular Risk Markers and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Schizophrenia: a Randomized Clinical Trilal [NCT02062190]Phase 219 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-03-31Completed
Evaluation of the Beneficial Effects of a Nasal Spray of Resveratrol in Children With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis [NCT02130440]Phase 3100 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-11-30Completed
The Effect of Resveratrol on Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Profile in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) [NCT02245932]23 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-01-31Completed
The Curative Effect and Security of Interferon Combined Resveratrol on HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients - a Multi-center, Random, Control, Open Clinical Trial. [NCT03546530]228 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-06-01Completed
Resveratrol and Midazolam Metabolism [NCT01173640]6 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-07-31Completed
Pilot Study Of The Effects Of Resveratrol On Endothelial Function In Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [NCT01038089]20 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2010-01-31Completed
A Phase 1 Study to Assess the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Ascending Doses of JOTROL Oral Gelcaps in Healthy Subjects, and to Determine the Influence of Food [NCT04668274]Phase 124 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-01-21Completed
Resveratrol as a Preventive Treatment of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome [NCT03446625]Phase 370 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-03-13Completed
Investigation of the Effects of Curcumin and Resveratrol Supplements Added to the Mediterranean Diet on Disease Severity and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis [NCT05761327]45 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-06-03Recruiting
An Open-Label, Randomized, Double Arm, Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of C and RQC for Preventing Progression in Age-Related Macular Degeneration [NCT05062486]Phase 2150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-07-22Recruiting
Therapeutic Metabolic Intervention in Patients With Spastic Paraplegia SPG5 [NCT02314208]Phase 212 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-01-31Completed
A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled, Rising Multiple Dose Study in Healthy Volunteers to Investigate the Effect of BIA 6-512 at Steady-state on the Levodopa Pharmacokinetics When Administered in Combination With a Single-dose of Levodopa/Benser [NCT03094156]Phase 139 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-04-26Completed
Effects of Combined Resveratrol and Myo-inositol on Altered Metabolic, Endocrine Parameters and Perceived Stress in Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [NCT04867252]Phase 288 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-05-03Completed
Resveratrol and Human Hepatocyte Function in Cancer [NCT02261844]Phase 1/Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-12-31Withdrawn(stopped due to No funding)
The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Cerebral Blood Flow: a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-groups Study in Healthy, Overweight Humans. [NCT03448094]110 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-02-06Completed
Effects of Resveratrol on Insulin Sensitivity, Brown Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Profile in First-degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients [NCT02129595]15 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-04-30Completed
The Impact of Acute Trans-resveratrol Administration on Whole Body Metabolism During Cognitive Task Performance: a Double Blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Investigation. [NCT03546075]27 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-05-07Completed
Effects of Resveratrol Supplements on Vascular Health in Postmenopausal Women [NCT01564381]Phase 1/Phase 264 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-03-31Completed
The Curative Effect and Security of Entecavir Combined Thymosin or Resveratrol on HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients - a Multi-center, Random, Control, Open Clinical Trial [NCT03509688]312 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-11-30Completed
Biological Effects in Consumers of Resveratrol-enriched Wine [NCT05981053]30 participants (Actual)Observational2022-07-15Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Trans-resveratrol Based Nutritional Supplement and Its Three Metabolites in Human Eyes and Blood [NCT02321176]20 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-03-31Recruiting
GRAPe Seed Extract and Ventriculovascular Investigation in Normal Ejection-Fraction Heart Failure [NCT01185067]Phase 115 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-10-31Completed
A Pilot Study of Resveratrol Supplementation for Memory and Physical Performance [NCT01126229]Phase 132 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-11-30Completed
Potential Beneficial Effects of Resveratrol on Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Inflammation - Emphasis on Description of the Molecular Biology Underpinning the Interplay Between Calorie Restriction, SIRT1, STAT5 and the GH/IGF-I Axis [NCT01150955]24 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-10-31Completed
Effects of Resveratrol Alone or in Combination With Piperine on Cerebral Blood Flow Parameters and Cognitive Performance in Humans [NCT01331382]23 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-04-30Completed
An Open Label Clinical Pilot Study of Resveratrol as Treatment for Friedreich Ataxia [NCT01339884]Phase 1/Phase 227 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-04-30Completed
A Phase 1, Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Study to Assess the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of SRT501 in Subjects With Colorectal Cancer and Hepatic Metastases [NCT00920803]Phase 19 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-08-19Completed
Resveratrol and Cardiovascular Health in the Elderly: The Reache Trial [NCT01842399]Phase 1/Phase 273 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-07-14Terminated(stopped due to The protocol experienced slow accrual.)
Effects of Long-term Resveratrol Supplementation on Metabolic Health [NCT02565979]42 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-04-30Completed
Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Resveratrol Supplement Effects on Cognition, Function and Behavior in Patients With Mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's Disease [NCT00743743]Phase 30 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-09-30Withdrawn(stopped due to PI has left institution)
Resveratrol: A Potential Anti- Remodeling Agent in Heart Failure, From Bench to Bedside (RES-HF) [NCT01914081]Phase 340 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-10-09Recruiting
Effect of Resvida(tm) Dietary Supplementation on Muscle Gene Expression: A Comparison With Calorie Restriction Regimen [NCT00823381]58 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-01-31Completed
The proBNPage Reduction (PBAR) Randomized Trial: a Pilot Study to Define the Characteristics of Future Randomized Trials Aimed at Evaluating the Effects of Anti-aging Treatments on a Surrogate of Biological Age in Healthy Older Adults [NCT05500742]120 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-07-22Active, not recruiting
Long-term Supplementation of Dietary Polyphenols as Modulators of Lipid Oxidation and Mitochondrial Function in Overweight Volunteers [NCT02381145]42 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-08-31Completed
Mechanisms in IGF2 Induced Chemoresistance and Mitochondrial Regulation in Triple Negative Breast Cancer [NCT04266353]0 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-04-24Withdrawn(stopped due to Due to COVID-19)
The Effect of Resveratrol in Older Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance: a Double-Blind Crossover Study [NCT01375959]38 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-04-30Completed
A Randomized, Investigator Blinded, Single Site, Three Arm Clinical Study to Assess the Functional and Emotional Benefits of Replenix Power of Three Cream With Resveratrol , Replenix Power of Three Cream With Resveratrol With Adapalene and Benzoyl Peroxid [NCT03563365]Phase 443 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-06-04Terminated(stopped due to Lack of Funding)
Assessment of Resveratrol, Alpha Lipoic Acid and Superoxide Dismutase on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Neuropathy: A Randomized Control Trial [NCT06131918]Phase 2100 participants (Actual)Interventional2023-01-09Active, not recruiting
The Cerebral Hemodynamic and Cognitive Effects of Acute Resveratrol Administration in Young, Healthy Adults at 4000 m Stimulated Altitude and at Sea Level: A Double Blind, Crossover Investigation. [NCT03541993]24 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-06-07Completed
Effects of Resveratrol on Crosstalk Between Canonical β-catenin/Wnt and FOXO Pathways in Coronary Artery Disease Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Case Control Study [NCT02137421]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-04-30Completed
Cardiovascular Risk and Benefits From Antioxidant Dietary Intervention With Red Wine in Asymptomatic Hypercholesterolemics [NCT02409537]Phase 237 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-03-31Completed
The Effects of Resveratrol Supplement on Lipid Profile, Liver Enzymes, Inflammatory Factors and Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis [NCT02030977]Phase 2/Phase 350 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-06-30Completed
Clinical Study of Resveratrol on Drug and Carcinogen Metabolizing Enzymes [NCT00721877]Phase 142 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-08-31Completed
Nicotinamide Riboside With and Without Resveratrol to Improve Functioning in Peripheral Artery Disease: The NICE Trial [NCT03743636]Phase 390 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-10-01Completed
Effect of resVida on Fat Oxidation and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Healthy Obese Subjects [NCT00998504]18 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2009-10-31Completed
Resveratrol's Effects in Diabetic Nephropathy [NCT02704494]Early Phase 160 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-03-31Completed
Acute Influence of Resveratrol Supplementation and Beet Extract in Recovery After Exercise Submaximal Aerobic in Coronary Paths: a Study Prospective, Randomized Placebo-controlled [NCT06095635]17 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-03-10Completed
Prospective, Randomized, Double - Blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Simvastatin and Resveratrol Therapy on Clinical, Endocrinological, Biochemical and Endothelial Dysfunction Parameters in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. [NCT02766803]Phase 460 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-05-31Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind Pilot Trial of Resveratrol With or Without Piperine to Enhance Plasma Levels of Resveratrol [NCT01324089]24 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-03-31Completed
Pilot Study to Test the Safety and Efficacy of Metformin, Dasatinib, Rapamycin and Nutritional Supplements (Bio-quercetin; Bio-fisetin; Glucosamine; Nicotinamide Riboside; Trans-resveratrol) in Reducing Clinical Measures of Aging in Older Adults [NCT04994561]Phase 10 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-06-30Withdrawn(stopped due to Study was withdrawn)
A Single Center, Multi-site, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial of Resveratrol With Glucose and Malate (RGM) to Slow the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease [NCT00678431]Phase 327 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-01-31Completed
Mechanisms of Metabolic Regulation of Resveratrol on Humans With Metabolic Syndrome. [NCT00654667]Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-05-31Withdrawn(stopped due to no participant enrollment)
The Acute and Chronic Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Inflammation and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Adults [NCT04314739]100 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-03-19Completed
Impact of Resveratrol and Pharmaceutical Care on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Neuropathic Complication [NCT05172947]120 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-12-05Completed
Effect of Resveratrol on Age-related Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Humans [NCT01354977]Phase 220 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-03-31Completed
Type 1 Diabetes, Endothelin, and Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Dysfunction: The Role of Sirtuin-1 [NCT04449198]Early Phase 124 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-10-14Recruiting
Non-pulmonary Contributors of Exercise Intolerance in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis [NCT04166396]36 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-02-17Recruiting
Effect of 6 Weeks Resveratrol Supplementation on Vascular Function in CKD [NCT03597568]25 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-01-01Active, not recruiting
Long-term Investigation of Resveratrol on Management of Metabolic Syndrome, Osteoporosis and Inflammation, and Identification of Plant Derived Anti-inflammatory Compounds [NCT01412645]76 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-08-31Completed
Influence of Resveratrol and Resvega Versus Placebo on Incidence of Bilateralisation of Exudative AMD: a Double Masked Prospective Study. [NCT02625376]25 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-08-06Terminated
Evaluating the Efficacy of Resveratrol Containing Mouthwash as Adjunct Treatment for Periodontitis: [NCT05874882]Early Phase 140 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-12-12Recruiting
Short Interval Resveratrol Trial in Cardiovascular Surgery [NCT03762096]40 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-03-06Active, not recruiting
Randomized Crossover Study of The Effects of Resveratrol on Endothelial Function in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [NCT01881347]54 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-01-01Completed
Clinical Efficacy Analysis of Resveratrol in the Treatment of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency [NCT05410093]150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-02-01Recruiting
The Effect of Resveratrol and Curcumin on Postprandial Inflammation in Men and Postmenopausal Women [NCT01964846]22 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-10-31Completed
Can Resveratrol Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Preserve Beta Cell Function Following Gestational Diabetes? [NCT01997762]Phase 4112 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-05-31Recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of Resveratrol for the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Associated Insulin Resistance in Overweight and Obese Adolescents [NCT02216552]Phase 2/Phase 310 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-08-31Completed
Resveratrol in Metabolic Syndrome: Effect on Platelet Hyper-reactivity and HDL Lipid Peroxidation [NCT02219906]41 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-31Completed
Effect of Administration of Resveratrol on Glycemic Variability in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled With Metformin [NCT02549924]Phase 222 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-09-30Terminated(stopped due to no financial support)
Acute Effects Of Trans-Resveratrol in Endothelial Function in Treated Hypertensive Patients [NCT02616822]Phase 124 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-01-31Completed
Phase IV Interventional Study: Effects of Dietary Interventions on Brain Functions in Healthy Elderly People [NCT00996229]Phase 3300 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2009-11-30Recruiting
Randomized, Single-blind, Cross-over Pilot Study to Evaluate the Plasma Profile of Resveratrol Following an Oral Administration of Either Revifast® (Resveratrol From Polygonum Cuspidatum Extract Siebold & Zucc - Root Supported on Magnesium Hydration With [NCT04258306]6 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-10-01Completed
Resveratrol Trial for Relief of Pain in Pseudoachondroplasia [NCT03866200]Phase 26 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-06-29Terminated(stopped due to Inability to recruit target number)
The Effects of Resveratrol on Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins, on Soluble Receptors of Advanced Glycation End Products and on Sirtuins-1 and -3 in Postmenopausal Women With Coronary Artery Disease [NCT05808387]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-03-06Recruiting
Curcumin, Resveratrol, and Stinging Nettle as Treatments for Gulf War Illness [NCT05377242]300 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-05-31Recruiting
A Randomised Placebo-controlled Crossover Trial of Micronised Resveratrol as a Treatment for Friedreich Ataxia [NCT03933163]Phase 225 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-05-23Active, not recruiting
BDPP Treatment for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) [NCT02502253]Phase 114 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-06-30Completed
Impact of Resveratrol on Brain Function and Structure [NCT02621554]60 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-04-30Completed
Estrogen-Mediated Impairments of Vascular Health in Diabetes [NCT03436992]198 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-04-17Recruiting
Effects of Resveratrol on Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02244879]Phase 3192 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-10-31Completed
A Biological Study of Resveratrol's Effects on Notch-1 Signaling in Subjects With Low Grade Gastrointestinal Tumors [NCT01476592]7 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-12-31Completed
Double-blind Cross-over Randomised Controlled Trial on the Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Resveratrol on Healthy Adults. [NCT01492114]Phase 340 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-07-31Completed
The Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Measurements of Health and Human Performance [NCT01244360]44 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-11-30Active, not recruiting
Oral Resveratrol Before ERCP Redused Overall Pancreatitis in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): A Multi-center, Single-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02947932]Phase 42,700 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-12-31Not yet recruiting
Mechanisms for Vascular Dysfunction and Exercise Tolerance in CF [NCT02690064]13 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-04-30Active, not recruiting
Long-term Investigation of Resveratrol on Lipid Turnover in Obese Men With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Effects on Liver Fat Content and Basal and Insulin Stimulated FFA and VLDL-triglyceride Metabolism [NCT01446276]26 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-11-30Completed
Phase I Repeat-Dose Study of Resveratrol in Colorectal Cancer Patients: Tolerability, Target Tissue Levels and Pharmacodynamics [NCT00433576]Phase 120 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-12-31Completed
Phase I Single-Dose Safety and Phamacokinetics Clinical Study of Resveratrol AKA IRB 2003-424 [NCT00098969]Phase 140 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2004-09-30Completed
Dietary Intervention in Stage III/IV Follicular Lymphoma. Impact on Markers of Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Host Immune Cell Infiltrate and Oxidative Stress. [NCT00455416]Phase 245 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2007-04-30Recruiting
Phase II Study to Evaluate the Impact on Biomarkers of Resveratrol Treatment in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease [NCT01504854]Phase 2119 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-05-31Completed
Intermittent Treatment With Nasal Resveratrol and Reduction of Wheezing Episodes in Non Atopic Preschool Children [NCT04689412]50 participants (Actual)Observational2018-04-01Completed
Evolution of Pain at Three Months by Oral Resveratrol in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis: a Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT02905799]Phase 3142 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-11-09Completed
Improving Cardiovascular Health in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a Mechanistic Approach [NCT03819517]26 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-07-01Completed
Long-term Investigation of Resveratrol on Management of Metabolic Syndrome, Osteoporosis and Inflammation, and Identification of Plant Derived Anti-inflammatory Compounds, Study 3 [NCT01464801]28 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-09-30Completed
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Clinical Study of Resveratrol for Discharged COVID 19 Patients in Order to Evaluate Its Therapeutic Effects Against Fibrosis [NCT04799743]30 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-04-01Recruiting
Effects of Treatment With Resveratrol on Oocyte and Embryo Quality in Patients Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Techniques( ART) [NCT04386499]100 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-01-10Completed
Evaluation of the Metabolic Profile and Autonomic and Cardiovascular Recovery in Response to the Acute Use of Resveratrol in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity [NCT06020313]30 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-08-31Recruiting
Short-term Investigation of Resveratrol on Lipid Turnover in Morbidly Obese Women Undergoing Gastric Bypass Surgery. Effects on Basal and Insulin Stimulated FFA and VLDL-triglyceride Metabolism and Liver VLDL-triglyceride Uptake. [NCT01826279]16 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-05-31Active, not recruiting
Resveratrol for Patients With Colon Cancer [NCT00256334]Phase 111 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-07-31Completed
Evaluate the Effects of resVidaTM on Liver Fat Content, Body Fat Distribution and Insulin Sensitivity [NCT01635114]112 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-06-30Completed
Effect of Resveratrol on Insulin Sensitivity and Metabolic Profile in Type 2 Diabetics [NCT01638780]24 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-05-31Active, not recruiting
Interventional Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effect of a Resveratrol-based Nasal Spray Associated With Carboxymethylbetaglucan in Isotonic Solution in the Prevention of RTI in Children With Pre-school Wheezing [NCT05684848]252 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-11-01Recruiting
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University [NCT04886297]Phase 3168 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-05-01Completed
The Effects of Trans-Resveratrol (RSV) on Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Placebo Controlled, Double-Blind Study. [NCT01714102]28 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-10-31Completed
Open Label,Crossover,Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy & Safety of Perispinal Admin.of Etanercept(Enbrel®) in Comb.w/Nutritional Supplements vs. Nutritional Supplements Alone in Subj. w/Mild to Mod. Alzheimer's Disease Receiving Std. Care. [NCT01716637]Phase 112 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2010-02-28Completed
Effects of Micronized Trans-resveratrol Treatment on Clinical, Endocrine, Metabolic and Biochemical Parameters of Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Placebo-controlled Randomized Single-blind Study [NCT01720459]40 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-12-31Not yet recruiting
Randomized Three-way Cross-over Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Resveratrol Comprising Products in Fasting Healthy Subjects [NCT01747252]15 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-08-31Completed
Association Between Fruitflow-II Treatment (Alone or in Combination With Resveratrol) and Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow, Fitness and Cognitive Function in Adults With Memory Complaints [NCT01766180]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-01-31Recruiting
The Effects of the Dietary Supplement Trans-resveratrol on Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and Sirtuins Expression in PBMCs in Healthy Male Subjects: A Pilot Study. [NCT01768507]10 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-03-31Completed
Effect of Resveratrol on Metabolic Parameters and Oocyte Quality in PCOS Patients Undergoing IVF Treatment. [NCT01782911]10 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-02-01Completed
Effects of Trans-resveratrol on Cognitive Performance in Healthy, Young Humans: a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Investigation. [NCT01794351]50 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-10-31Completed
Effects of High-Dose Resveratrol on Resting Energy Expenditure and HOMA in Non-Diabetic Obese Males [NCT02247596]Phase 236 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-07-31Completed
Influence of Caloric Restriction and Resveratrol in the Sirtuin System in Women and Men Aged 55 to 65 Years. [NCT01668836]48 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-08-31Completed
The Effects of Chronic Trans- Resveratrol Supplementation on Aspects of Cognitive Performance, Mood, Sleep, Health and Cerebral Blood Flow in Healthy, Young Humans. [NCT01640197]Phase 160 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-02-28Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Resveratrol in the Treatment of Depression: Double-blind Randomized Placebo-controlled Parallel-group Study. [NCT03384329]Phase 430 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-07-04Completed
A Randomized, 12 Months Follow-up, Dose-response, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, 6-Arms Parallel Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a Resveratrol-enriched Grape Extract (Stilvid) in Primary and Secondary Patients of Cardiovascular Disease [NCT01449110]Phase 2150 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-04-30Completed
Clinical Pharmacology and Target Validation of A Bioactive Dietary Polyphenol Preparation (BDPP) For Stress-Related Disorders [NCT04421079]Phase 188 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-01-19Recruiting
Phase IIa Study of Resveratrol to Enhance Mitochondrial and Physical Function in Older Adults [NCT02123121]Phase 260 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-09-30Completed
Effects of Resveratrol on Cerebral Blood Flow Parameters and Cognitive Performance in Humans: a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Investigation [NCT01010009]24 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-06-30Completed
Regulation of Intestinal (and Hepatic) Lipoprotein Secretion by Resveratrol [NCT01451918]Phase 28 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-10-31Completed
Effects of Resveratrol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The RED Trial [NCT01677611]Phase 110 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-12-31Completed
An Open Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Omega Q Plus® Resveratrol at Increasing Blood Levels of CoQ10 in Healthy Subjects and Subjects on Statins [NCT02415114]Phase 150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-03-31Completed
Effects of Botanical Microglia Modulators in Gulf War Illness [NCT02909686]64 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-07-31Completed
Resveratrol-Leucine Metabolite Synergy in Pre-diabetes [NCT01593605]36 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-02-29Completed
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Resveratrol Supplementation on Exercise in Healthy Sedentary Adults [NCT01615445]Phase 213 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-02-28Completed
Effect of Resveratrol Administration on Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion [NCT02114892]Phase 224 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-04-30Completed
RESveratrol To Improve Outcomes in oldeR pEople With PAD (the RESTORE Trial) [NCT02246660]66 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-01-31Completed
The Effects of Resveratrol and Acute Exercise on Endothelial Function in Postmenopausal Women [NCT02256540]25 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-08-31Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Resveratrol and Lipoic Acid Transdermal Patch for Lipolysis in Overweight Volunteers [NCT03062163]66 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-01-23Completed
Independent and Additive Effects Of Micronutrients With Metformin In Patients With PCOS:A Double Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial [NCT05653895]250 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-12-07Recruiting
Metabolic Intervention Using Resveratrol in Patients With Huntington Disease [NCT02336633]102 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-07-31Completed
Effects of Supplementation With Resveratrol on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress of Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients [NCT02433925]Phase 320 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-01-31Completed
The Effects of Acute Trans-resveratrol Supplementation on Aspects of Cognitive Function and Cerebral Blood Flow, During Hypoxia and Normoxia, in Healthy, Young Humans. [NCT03100019]24 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-13Completed
A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled, Rising Multiple Dose Study in Healthy Volunteers to Investigate the Effect of BIA 6-512 at Steady-state on the Levodopa Pharmacokinetics When Administered in Combination With a Single-dose of Levodopa/Benser [NCT03097211]Phase 138 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-07-17Completed
An Open-label, Parallel-group Study to Compare the Pharmacokinetic Profile in Healthy Elderly Subjects Versus Healthy Young Subjects After Single and Repeated Oral Administration of BIA 6-512 (Trans-resveratrol) [NCT03095105]Phase 125 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-01-24Completed
A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled, Rising Multiple-dose Study to Investigate the Tolerability and Steady-state Pharmacokinetics of BIA 6-512 (Trans-resveratrol) in Healthy Volunteers [NCT03093389]Phase 140 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-05-11Completed
Effect of Resveratrol on Insulin Resistance and Inflammatory Mediators in Obese and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects [NCT01158417]15 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-12-31Terminated(stopped due to FDA clinical hold requiring IND submission, product not available in the market anymore)
The Use of Resveratrol for Pain in Endometriosis - A Clinical Trial [NCT02475564]Phase 444 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-06-30Completed
Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Proof-of-Concept Trial of Resveratrol, a Plant Polyphenol, for the Outpatient Treatment of Mild Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) [NCT04400890]Phase 2105 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-09-13Terminated(stopped due to Feasibility)
Use of Resveratrol to Decrease Secondary Brain Injury Following Sports-Related Concussions: a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study [NCT01321151]Phase 1/Phase 212 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-03-31Completed
Impact of the Combined Treatment of Curcumin and Resveratrol Liposomed Polyphenols With G04CB02 on the Clinical Improvement of ALS Patients [NCT04654689]Phase 290 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-11-20Completed
Can SARS-CoV-2 Viral Shedding in COVID-19 Disease be Reduced by Resveratrol-assisted Zinc Ingestion, a Direct Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2-RNA Polymerase? A Single Blinded Phase II Protocol (Reszinate Trial) [NCT04542993]Phase 245 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-09-08Terminated(stopped due to Difficulty accruing patients)
Resveratrol and Sirolimus in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Trial (RESULT) [NCT03253913]Phase 225 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-03-31Completed
Investigation of the Efficacies of a Resveratrol Formula on Improvement of Skin [NCT04456829]60 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-09-17Completed
Effect of Resveratrol and Vitamin C on Insulin Resistance and Antioxidant Capacity in Postmenopausal Women. A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03090997]45 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-02-15Active, not recruiting
Dietary Inducers of Glyoxalase-1 for Prevention and Early-stage Alleviation of Age Related Health Disorders Through Functional Foods. [NCT02095873]Phase 1/Phase 232 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-31Completed
The Effects of Resveratrol on the Complications of Patients With Hemodialysis: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Clinical Trial [NCT03352895]36 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-11-30Completed
ReNIM Study - Nebulized Resveratrol Plus Carboxymethyl-β-Glucan for Reducing Nasal Interleukin-5 (IL-5) Measurements in Children With Allergic Rhinitis [NCT03349619]Phase 488 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-03-05Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT01010009 (3) [back to overview]Modulation of Deoxygenated Levels of Haemoglobin
NCT01010009 (3) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Cognitive Performance
NCT01010009 (3) [back to overview]Modulation of Levels of Total Haemoglobin
NCT01321151 (2) [back to overview]Reaction Time Composite as Assessed by Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) Cognitive Test Performance
NCT01321151 (2) [back to overview]Liver Function Testing (Aspartate Transaminase [AST]/Alanine Transaminase [ALT] Ratios) to Screen for Adverse Events.
NCT01354977 (5) [back to overview]Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity (RD) Measured by the Change in Glucose Rates of Disappearance With Resveratrol or Placebo at Baseline and at 4 Weeks.
NCT01354977 (5) [back to overview]Effects of Resveratrol on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Numbers
NCT01354977 (5) [back to overview]Muscle Mitochondrial Area
NCT01354977 (5) [back to overview]Gene Expression in Whole Fat Tissue , Before and After 4 Weeks' Resveratrol and Placebo. Ratio From Baseline Versus at 4 Weeks
NCT01354977 (5) [back to overview]Endogenous Glucose Production (EGP), With Resveratrol or Placebo at Baseline and at 4 Weeks.
NCT01375959 (5) [back to overview]Insulin Secretion
NCT01375959 (5) [back to overview]Insulin Sensitivity Using a Modification of the Matsuda Index
NCT01375959 (5) [back to overview]Post Meal Glucose Area Under the Curve
NCT01375959 (5) [back to overview]Number of Differentially Expressed Transcripts
NCT01375959 (5) [back to overview]Peripheral Microvascular Endothelial Function Via Reactive Hyperemia-Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (RH-PAT) Index
NCT01504854 (5) [back to overview]Comparison of the Response to Treatment of Resveratrol Based on ApoE Genotype
NCT01504854 (5) [back to overview]Number of Adverse Events
NCT01504854 (5) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid β40 Concentration at 52 Weeks
NCT01504854 (5) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Volumetric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
NCT01504854 (5) [back to overview]Change in Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL)
NCT01640197 (7) [back to overview]Chronic Modulation of Cerebral Blood Flow
NCT01640197 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Modulated Mood
NCT01640197 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Blood Pressure
NCT01640197 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Health
NCT01640197 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of CBF in MCA
NCT01640197 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Sleep
NCT01640197 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Modulated Cognitive Performance
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Lipid Profile, Glucose, and C-reactive Protein.
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Platelet Aggregation.
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Thromboelastography Clot Formation.
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Estrone and Norepinephrine.
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Direct Evaluation of the Sirtuin 1 Gene Expression
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Estradiol
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Max Elasticity of Clot on Thromboelastography.
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Thromboelastography.
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Sirtuin
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Apolipoproteins AI and B.
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Biomarkers
NCT01668836 (12) [back to overview]Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Gene Expression
NCT02095873 (4) [back to overview]Aortal Pulse Wave Velocity (aPWV)
NCT02095873 (4) [back to overview]Flow-mediated Dilatation (FMD)
NCT02095873 (4) [back to overview]Area Under the Curve for Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (oGGT)
NCT02095873 (4) [back to overview]Finger-fold Capillary Density by Capillaroscopy
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Diastolic Blood Pressure at Week 12
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Fasting Glucose Levels at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]First Phase of Insulin Secretion at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]High Density Lipoprotein (c-HDL) Levels at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Low Density Lipoproteins (c-LDL) at Week 12
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Systolic Blood Pressure at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Total Cholesterol at Week 12
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Total Insulin Secretion at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Total Insulin Sensitivity at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Triglycerides Levels at Week 12
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Uric Acid at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Weight at Week 12.
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Waist Circumference at Week 12
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Body Mass Index at Week 12
NCT02114892 (15) [back to overview]Creatinine at Week 12.
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Blood Glucose Level
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in AMPK Muscle Protein Levels.
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Citrate Synthase (CS) Enzymes in Muscle Samples
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Cytochrome Oxidase (COX) in Muscle Samples
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mitochondrial DNA Content in Muscle Samples
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mitochondrial Respiration in Muscle
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in PGC-1α Muscle Protein Levels
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Physical Performance
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sirtuins (SIRT1) Muscle Protein Levels.
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sirtuins (SIRT3) Muscle Protein Levels.
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Walking Speed.
NCT02123121 (12) [back to overview]Physical Activity Levels
NCT02246660 (1) [back to overview]6-Minute Walk Distance, Meters
NCT02256540 (2) [back to overview]Percent Change in Brachial Artery Flow-mediated Dilation at Each Time Point
NCT02256540 (2) [back to overview]Change in Nitrate/Nitrite Levels
NCT02475564 (3) [back to overview]Serum CA125 Levels at 42 Days
NCT02475564 (3) [back to overview]Serum Prolactin Levels at 42 Days
NCT02475564 (3) [back to overview]Pain Scores Measured by VAS (Visual Analog Scale) at Day 42.
NCT02523274 (5) [back to overview]Isokinetic Strength.
NCT02523274 (5) [back to overview]Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument
NCT02523274 (5) [back to overview]Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).
NCT02523274 (5) [back to overview]Walking Speed
NCT02523274 (5) [back to overview]6-minute Walk Test
NCT03253913 (7) [back to overview]"Scores on A Tool to Assess Quality of Life in LAM (ATAQ-LAM) Quality of Life Assessment Scale After Treatment With 24 Weeks of Resveratrol and Sirolimus"
NCT03253913 (7) [back to overview]San Diego Shortness of Breath Score (SD-SOB) Quality of Life Assessment Scores After Treatment With 24 Weeks of Resveratrol and Sirolimus
NCT03253913 (7) [back to overview]Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in One-second (FEV1) After 24 Weeks of Combined Treatment With Resveratrol and Sirolimus
NCT03253913 (7) [back to overview]EuroQOL Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-5D) Scores After Treatment With 24 Weeks of Sirolimus and Resveratrol.
NCT03253913 (7) [back to overview]Number of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events
NCT03253913 (7) [back to overview]Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D) Levels After Treatment With a Combination of Resveratrol and Sirolimus as Compared to Baseline Serum VEGF-D Levels on Sirolimus Alone
NCT03253913 (7) [back to overview]St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) Quality of Life Assessment Scores After Treatment With Combined Resveratrol and Sirolimus
NCT03384329 (3) [back to overview]Change in Total BDI-II Score From Baseline to Week 4
NCT03384329 (3) [back to overview]Change in Total HDRS-17 Score From Baseline to Week 4
NCT03384329 (3) [back to overview]Change in SIRT1 Activity From Baseline to Week 4
NCT03866200 (2) [back to overview]Health Related Quality of Life Score (HRQoL) Assessed by 36-item Short Form Health Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36)
NCT03866200 (2) [back to overview]Pain as Assessed by Numeric Pain Rating Scale
NCT04400890 (6) [back to overview]Death
NCT04400890 (6) [back to overview]Hospitalization Rates for COVID-19
NCT04400890 (6) [back to overview]ICU Admission Rates
NCT04400890 (6) [back to overview]Invasive Ventilation Rates
NCT04400890 (6) [back to overview]Pneumonia
NCT04400890 (6) [back to overview]Pulmonary Embolism
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Maximum Rate of Urinary Excretion (Rmax) for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Elimination Half-Life (T1/2 el) for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Time to Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Tmax) for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Cumulative Urinary Excretion From Time Zero to Time t (Ae0-t) for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Elimination Rate Constant (Kel) for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Time of Rmax (Tmax) for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Residual Area for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Renal Clearance (CLr) for Resveratrol
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax) for Resveratrol and Its Metabolites (Resveratrol-3-glucuronide, Resveratrol-4'-Glucuronide, and Resveratrol-3-sulfate)
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time 0 to Time of Infinity (AUC0-inf) for Resveratrol and Its Metabolites (Resveratrol-3-glucuronide, Resveratrol-4'-Glucuronide, and Resveratrol-3-sulfate)
NCT04668274 (12) [back to overview]Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measurable Concentration (AUC0-t) for Resveratrol and Its Metabolites (Resveratrol-3-glucuronide, Resveratrol-4'-Glucuronide, and Resveratrol-3-sulfate)

Modulation of Deoxygenated Levels of Haemoglobin

This outcome measure provides the change from baseline values (in µmol/L) of levels of deoxygenated haemoglobin during the 46-81 min post dose testing period. This was measured in the frontal cortex by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). (NCT01010009)
Timeframe: 0-81 mins (absorption period=1- 45 mins , post dose period 46- 81 mins)

Interventionµmol/L (Mean)
Resveratrol 250mg0.4
Resveratrol 500mg0.2
Placebo-0.2

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Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Cognitive Performance

This outcome measure assessed any significant modulation of cognitive task performance during the 46-81 min post dose period. The cognitive tasks utilized were cognitively demanding computer based, numerical tasks which assessed working memory. Significant modulation is defined as significant difference between baseline and post-dose task performance. (NCT01010009)
Timeframe: 46-81 mins post dose

InterventionParticipants (Number)
Resveratrol 250mg0
Resveratrol 500mg0
Placebo0

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Modulation of Levels of Total Haemoglobin

This outcome measure provides the change from baseline values (in µmol/L) of total levels of haemoglobin during the 46-81 min post dose testing period. This was measured in the frontal cortex by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). (NCT01010009)
Timeframe: 0-81 mins (absorption period=1- 45 mins , post dose period 46- 81 mins)

Interventionµmol/L (Mean)
Resveratrol 250mg1.9
Resveratrol 500mg2.4
Placebo1.2

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Reaction Time Composite as Assessed by Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) Cognitive Test Performance

"The reaction time composite score (range 0.5-0.8) is an average of: modules 3,4, 5, then divided by 3.The higher the composite score, the worse the outcomes.~Average correct reaction time of interference stage of module 3 (X's and O'S) - Measures the number of correctly identified items (total possible correct =12), scoring 0-12. There is 4 trials of this module completed. Measures the average reaction time for correct responses on the interference (distracter) test~Average correct reaction time of module 4 (Symbol Match) - Provides the number of correct matches out of 27 when the symbol number pairings are visible. The quicker the response time for each correctly identified symbol match indicates a better outcome.~Average correct reaction time of module 5 (Color Match) - is number of correct color matches. The quicker the response time to a correct color match is a better outcome.~Each modules is measured in percentage correct" (NCT01321151)
Timeframe: 7 days post concussion

InterventionComposite Score (Mean)
Sugar Pill.675
Resveratrol.695

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Liver Function Testing (Aspartate Transaminase [AST]/Alanine Transaminase [ALT] Ratios) to Screen for Adverse Events.

Liver Function Tests will be conducted on day 7 after concussion. (NCT01321151)
Timeframe: Day 7 post concussion

InterventionAST/ALT ratio (Mean)
Sugar Pill1.57
Resveratrol1.24

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Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity (RD) Measured by the Change in Glucose Rates of Disappearance With Resveratrol or Placebo at Baseline and at 4 Weeks.

"We will measure peripheral insulin sensitivity by determining the rate of glucose uptake (RD).~RD will be measured using a 6 hours stepped pancreatic clamp study procedure under various treatment conditions (eg, resveratrol or placebo). by monitoring changes in the level of a non-radioactive, naturally occurring form of glucose (sugar)." (NCT01354977)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

,
Interventionmg/kg/min (Mean)
RD at baselineRD at 4 weeks
Placebo7.2727.419
Resveratrol6.5738.445

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Effects of Resveratrol on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Numbers

Skeletal muscle mitochondria numbers were calculated under EM on subjects pre- and post- treatment of either Resveratrol or placebo intervention. (NCT01354977)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

,
Interventionmitochondria number (Mean)
Baseline_mitochondria number4 weeks_mitochondria number
Placebo41.27548.850
Resveratrol48.48946.622

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Muscle Mitochondrial Area

Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria Area Before and After 4 Weeks of Resveratrol/Placebo Treatment (NCT01354977)
Timeframe: 4 Weeks

,
Interventionµm² (Mean)
Baseline_mitochondria area4 weeks_mitochondria area
Placebo0.0800.102
Resveratrol0.0700.098

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Gene Expression in Whole Fat Tissue , Before and After 4 Weeks' Resveratrol and Placebo. Ratio From Baseline Versus at 4 Weeks

Changes of relative copy number of gene inflammatory markers in whole fat tissue were studied by quantitative, real-time RT-PCR, resveratrol vs. placebo (NCT01354977)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

,
InterventionRatio (Geometric Mean)
TNFa_Whole adipose tissueIL6_Whole adipose tissuePAI-1_Whole adipose tissue
Placebo1.41.680.76
Resveratrol0.471.840.56

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Endogenous Glucose Production (EGP), With Resveratrol or Placebo at Baseline and at 4 Weeks.

"Endogenous glucose production will be used to determine hepatic insulin sensitivity.~Rates of EGP (a measure of the body's production of sugar) will be measured using a 6 hour stepped pancreatic clamp procedure under various treatment conditions (eg, resveratrol or placebo), by monitoring changes in the level of a non-radioactive, naturally occurring form of glucose (sugar)." (NCT01354977)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

,
Interventionmg/kg/min (Mean)
EGP at baselineEGP at 4 weeks
Placebo0.9031.552
Resveratrol1.0141.140

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Insulin Secretion

c-peptide deconvolution; HOMA-B (NCT01375959)
Timeframe: end of each of two 6 week treatment periods

Interventionpmol/kg/min (Mean)
Resveratrol8.9
Placebo8.1

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Insulin Sensitivity Using a Modification of the Matsuda Index

"Insulin sensitivity was measured from insulin and glucose levels obtained following standard meal challenge using a modification of the Matsuda index. This was calculated based on data obtained from a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, as follows: 10,000 divided by the square root of {(fasting plasma glucose X fasting plasma insulin) (mean plasma glucose X mean plasma insulin)}. This is a unitless measure.~The Matsuda index is considered an early biomarker for metabolic dysregulation and is an effective clinical tool to define insulin sensitivity (i.e., the ability of tissues to respond to the signal of insulin) and secretory defects in individuals with impaired glucose homeostasis. The Matsuda index correlates strongly with the euglycemic insulin clamp which is a direct measure of insulin sensitivity. In the United States, it is recognized that participants who do not have insulin resistance have Matsuda Index values of >=2.5." (NCT01375959)
Timeframe: end of each of two 6 week treatment periods

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Resveratrol2.3
Placebo2.0

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Post Meal Glucose Area Under the Curve

"Glucose AUC following a standard mixed meal challenge AUC, Area Under a Curve. There are no normal ranges but a higher value is worse than a lower value." (NCT01375959)
Timeframe: end of each of two 6 week treatment periods

Interventionmg*hr/dL (Mean)
Resveratrol508
Placebo513

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Number of Differentially Expressed Transcripts

Gene expression in skeletal muscle using RNASeq (NCT01375959)
Timeframe: end of each of two 6 week treatment periods

Interventiondifferentially expressed transcripts (Number)
Resveratrol140
Placebo0

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Peripheral Microvascular Endothelial Function Via Reactive Hyperemia-Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (RH-PAT) Index

Reactive Hyperemia-Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (RH-PAT) index is the ratio of the average pulse amplitude in the posthyperemic phase divided by the average baseline amplitude, with normalization to the signal in the control arm to compensate for any systemic changes. RH-PAT is a non-invasive and user-independent technique used to assess peripheral microvascular endothelial function by measuring changes in digital pulse volume during reactive hyperemia. Lower RH-PAT scores are associated with flow mediated dilatation (FMD) and may predict mortality in subjects with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors including obesity, total/HDL cholesterol ratio, diabetes, smoking and dyslipidemia. (NCT01375959)
Timeframe: end of each of two 6 week treatment periods

InterventionRH-PAT Index (Mean)
Resveratrol2.02
Placebo1.76

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Comparison of the Response to Treatment of Resveratrol Based on ApoE Genotype

CSF Abeta40 (NCT01504854)
Timeframe: Week 52

,
Interventionng/ml (Mean)
Total PopulationApoE4 non-carriers
Placebo65606339
Resveratrol65745859

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Number of Adverse Events

The safety and tolerability of treatment with resveratrol will be assessed by analysis of adverse events, including symptoms, abnormal findings on physical examinations, standard laboratory tests and PK analysis of resveratrol and its major metabolites. The frequencies of adverse events or laboratory abnormalities between the participants who receive resveratrol and those receiving placebo will be compared. (NCT01504854)
Timeframe: Baseline, Weeks 6, 13, 19, 26, 32, 39, 45, and 52

Interventionnumber of AEs (Number)
Resveratrol355
Placebo302

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Change From Baseline in Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid β40 Concentration at 52 Weeks

Mean change from baseline in cerebrospinal fluid amyloid β40 concentration at 52 weeks (NCT01504854)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 52

Interventionng/ml (Mean)
Resveratrol6456
Placebo5622

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Change From Baseline in Volumetric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

MRI will be used to assess the effect of treatment on rate of whole brain volume (NCT01504854)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 52

Interventioncm^3 (Mean)
Resveratrol27
Placebo10

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Change in Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL)

The ADCS-ADL is an activities of daily living inventory developed by the ADCS to assess functional performance in participants with AD. The ADCS-ADL includes some items from traditional basic ADL tests (e.g., grooming, dressing, walking, bathing, feeding, toileting) as well as instrumental (complex) activities of daily living (e.g., shopping, preparing meals, using household appliances, keeping appointments, reading). This structured questionnaire is administered to the subject's caregiver/study partner. The range of this instrument is 0 to 78 with lower numbers indicating greater impairment. (NCT01504854)
Timeframe: Week 52

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Resveratrol6.3
Placebo9.2

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Chronic Modulation of Cerebral Blood Flow

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in the frontal cortex with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). Modulation was deemed to have taken place if levels differed significantly from day 1 to day 28. (NCT01640197)
Timeframe: 40- 80 minutes post- dose on day 28 of supplementation

InterventionParticipants (Number)
500mg Resveratrol0
Placebo0

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Number of Participants With Modulated Mood

Subjective mood was assessed with the Profile of mood states (POMS) questionnaire every 7 days during the 28- day period. Participants were deemed to have significant modulation of mood if their scores on week 1, week 2, week 3 and/or week 4 differed significantly from scores on the baseline questionnaire completed on day 1. (NCT01640197)
Timeframe: 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Number)
500mg Resveratrol0
Placebo0

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Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Blood Pressure

Participants were deemed to have significant modulation of blood pressure if their readings on day 28 differed significantly from that taken on day 1 (baseline). (NCT01640197)
Timeframe: 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Number)
500mg Resveratrol0
Placebo0

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Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Health

Subjective perceptions of health were assessed with the General Health Questionnaire. Participants were deemed to have significant modulation of health if scores on Week 1, Week 2, Week 3 and/or Week 4 differed significantly from day 1 (baseline) completion. (NCT01640197)
Timeframe: Day 28

InterventionParticipants (Number)
500mg Resveratrol0
Placebo0

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Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of CBF in MCA

CBF was assessed in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) with Trans-cranial doppler via a trans- temporal acoustic window. Participants were deemed to have significant modulation of CBF in the MCA if readings differed significantly from those obtained on day 1 (baseline). (NCT01640197)
Timeframe: 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Number)
500mg Resveratrol0
Placebo0

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Number of Participants With Significant Modulation of Sleep

Subjective perception of sleep quality was assessed with the PSQI. Participants were deemed to have significant modulation of sleep if scores on Week 1, Week 2, Week 3 and/or Week 4 differed significantly from those on day 1 (baseline). (NCT01640197)
Timeframe: Day 28

InterventionParticipants (Number)
500mg Resveratrol0
Placebo0

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Number of Participants With Modulated Cognitive Performance

Cognitive performance was assessed by a range of cognitively demanding tasks on day 28 of the supplementation period. Participants were deemed to have significant modulation of cognitive performance if their scores on these tasks were significantly different from scores taken on day 1. (NCT01640197)
Timeframe: 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Number)
500mg Resveratrol0
Placebo0

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Lipid Profile, Glucose, and C-reactive Protein.

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~- serum HDL, LDL, lipoprotein(a), C reactive protein, glucose." (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

,,,
Intervention"mg/dL" (Mean)
"HDL-cholesterol mg/dL""LDL-cholesterol mg/dL""Lipoprotein(a)mg/dL""total cholesterol mg/dL""Triglycerides mg/dL""C-reactive protein mg/dL""glucose mg/dL"
Men With Caloric Restriction41.08126.3332.73193.83131.000.1789.92
Men With Resveratrol43.00125.5015.03196.08137.750.1399.83
Women With Caloric Restriction62.92134.2520.86211.5072.250.1691.17
Women With Resveratrol53.33153.5824.43239.08159.500.2897.33

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Platelet Aggregation.

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~- platelet aggregation by ADP and norepinephrine." (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

,,,
Interventionpercentage platelet aggregation (Mean)
"Platelet aggregation by ADP %""Platelet aggregation by norepinephrine %"
Men With Caloric Restriction87.3274.43
Men With Resveratrol88.0381.06
Women With Caloric Restriction87.2472.09
Women With Resveratrol88.9681.77

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Thromboelastography Clot Formation.

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~-dynamics of clot formation: clot onset time and clot complet" (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

,,,
Intervention"sec" (Mean)
"Clot onset time sec""Clot complet sec"
Men With Caloric Restriction40.42101.00
Men With Resveratrol38.00100.83
Women With Caloric Restriction35.6786.83
Women With Resveratrol35.5089.00

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Estrone and Norepinephrine.

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~- estrone, norepinephrine." (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

,,,
Intervention"pg/dL" (Mean)
"Norepinephrine pg/dL""Estronepg/dL"
Men With Caloric Restriction190.837.62
Men With Resveratrol219.3314.92
Women With Caloric Restriction329.004.12
Women With Resveratrol227.8313.23

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Direct Evaluation of the Sirtuin 1 Gene Expression

"The Sirtuin 1 gene expression was measured by real time PCR in peripheric blood. Unit of measure was arbitrary unit. Arbitrary unit was relative to the control gene expression (control gene = 1)." (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

Interventionarbitrary unit relative to control gene (Mean)
Men With Resveratrol11.04
Women With Resveratrol11.43
Men With Caloric Restriction12.84
Women With Caloric Restriction12.05

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Estradiol

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~- estradiol" (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

Intervention"pg/mL" (Mean)
Men With Resveratrol38.92
Women With Resveratrol34.81
Men With Caloric Restriction42.13
Women With Caloric Restriction29.05

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Max Elasticity of Clot on Thromboelastography.

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~-max elasticity of clot on thromboelastography" (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

Intervention"Pascal" (Mean)
Men With Resveratrol1690.58
Women With Resveratrol2059.83
Men With Caloric Restriction1691.50
Women With Caloric Restriction2041.12

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Thromboelastography.

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~- slope of clot formation dynamics" (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

Intervention"Pascal/min" (Mean)
Men With Resveratrol106.83
Women With Resveratrol158.67
Men With Caloric Restriction115.42
Women With Caloric Restriction156.75

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Sirtuin

Sirtuin plasma levels before and 30 days post-treatment (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
Men With Resveratrol4.84
Women With Resveratrol6.67
Men With Caloric Restriction6.14
Women With Caloric Restriction5.46

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Apolipoproteins AI and B.

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~- apolipoproteins AI and B" (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

,,,
Intervention"g/dL" (Mean)
"Apolipoprotein A1 g/dL""Apolipoprotein B g/dL"
Men With Caloric Restriction1.290.97
Men With Resveratrol1.330.95
Women With Caloric Restriction1.570.93
Women With Resveratrol1.551.13

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Biomarkers

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~- non-esterified fatty acids, insulin, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone." (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

,,,
Intervention"microUI/mL" (Mean)
"Non sterified fatty acid microUI/mL""Insulin microUI/mL""Luteinizing hormone microUI/mL""Follicle stimulating hormone microUI/mL"
Men With Caloric Restriction8.8353.254.506.31
Men With Resveratrol22.4579.003.934.40
Women With Caloric Restriction24.6767.0828.5679.79
Women With Resveratrol23.7380.5819.9757.78

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Influence of the Sirtuin 1 System on Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Gene Expression

"For indirect analysis of the sirtuin 1 system, the following procedures will be done before and after the intervention with caloric restriction or resveratrol administration:~RAGE gene expression~Arbitrary unit was relative to the control gene expression (control gene = 1)" (NCT01668836)
Timeframe: 30 days post-treatment

Interventionarbitrary unit relative to control gene (Mean)
Men With Resveratrol11.88
Women With Resveratrol12.78
Men With Caloric Restriction12.17
Women With Caloric Restriction11.75

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Aortal Pulse Wave Velocity (aPWV)

Aortal pulse wave velocity is measured by a non-invasive oscillometric device. (NCT02095873)
Timeframe: Week 0 and Week 8 (first intervention); Week 14 and Week 22 (second intervention)

,
Interventionm/s (Median)
BaselinePost-8 weeks treatment
Glyoxalase 1 Inducer7.98.0
Placebo8.38.5

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Flow-mediated Dilatation (FMD)

Brachial artery FMD will be assessed. Ultrasound imaging of the brachial artery will be performed. Percent FMD will be calculated using the averaged minimum mean brachial artery diameter at baseline compared to the largest mean values obtained after either release of the forearm occlusion. (NCT02095873)
Timeframe: Week 0 and Week 8 (first intervention); Week 14 and Week 22 (second intervention)

,
Interventionpercentage of baseline value (Median)
BaselinePost-8 weeks treatment
Glyoxalase 1 Inducer0.170.12
Placebo0.180.26

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Area Under the Curve for Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (oGGT)

A standard 75 g glucose oGTT will be performed, as routinely used in clinical practice. Participants will be instructed to eat carbohydrate rich diet (> 150 g/day) for at least three days before the test, followed by an overnight fast. Participants will be instructed to have comparable macronutrient composition of the dinner before the respective study days in the metabolic unit. During the oGTT both capillary and venous blood samples will be collected after 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. To minimize the inconvenience of repeated blood tests during the oGTT, a venous cannula will be inserted, under sterile conditions, prior to the test, for blood sampling. (NCT02095873)
Timeframe: Week 0 and Week 8 (first intervention); Week 14 and Week 22 (second intervention)

,
InterventionmM h (Mean)
BaselinePost-8 weeks treatment
Glyoxalase 1 Inducer10.89.9
Placebo11.010.6

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Finger-fold Capillary Density by Capillaroscopy

After 20 min seated at rest, measurements are made with the subject seated and the left hand at heart level. Nail-fold capillaries in the dorsal skin of the third finger are visualized using a stereo microscope linked to a monochrome digital camera. Capillary density is defined as the number of capillaries per mm2 of nail-fold skin and is computed as the mean of 4 measurements. (NCT02095873)
Timeframe: Week 0 and Week 8 (first intervention); Week 14 and Week 22 (second intervention)

,
Interventionnumber of capillaries per mm2 (Median)
BaselinePost-8 weeks treatment
Glyoxalase 1 Inducer115125
Placebo119128

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Diastolic Blood Pressure at Week 12

The diastolic blood pressure was evaluated at baseline and week 12 with a digital sphygmomanometer and the entered values reflect the diastolic blood pressure at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Resveratrol78.1
Placebo78.9

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Fasting Glucose Levels at Week 12.

The fasting glucose levels were evaluated at baseline and week 12 with enzymatic/colorimetric techniques and the entered values reflect the fasting glucose level at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionmmol/L (Mean)
Resveratrol4.6
Placebo4.5

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First Phase of Insulin Secretion at Week 12.

The first phase of insulin secretion was calculated at baseline and week 12 with Stumvoll index and the entered values reflect the first phase of insulin secretion at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionindex (Mean)
Resveratrol1019.7
Placebo1279.3

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High Density Lipoprotein (c-HDL) Levels at Week 12.

The c-HDL levels were evaluated at baseline and week 12 with enzymatic/colorimetric techniques and the entered values reflect the c-HDL level at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Baseline. Week 12

Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Resveratrol37.6
Placebo41.1

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Low Density Lipoproteins (c-LDL) at Week 12

The c-LDL levels were measured at baseline and at week 12 with standardized techniques and the entered values reflect the c-LDL levels at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Resveratrol122.3
Placebo126.8

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Systolic Blood Pressure at Week 12.

The systolic blood pressure was evaluated at baseline and week 12 with a digital sphygmomanometer and the entered values reflect the systolic blood pressure at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Resveratrol116.1
Placebo121.7

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Total Cholesterol at Week 12

The total cholesterol was estimated by standardized techniques at baseline and week 12 and the entered values reflect the total cholesterol level at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Resveratrol203.4
Placebo208.9

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Total Insulin Secretion at Week 12.

The total insulin secretion was calculated at baseline and week 12 with insulinogenic index and the entered values reflect the total insulin secretion at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionindex (Mean)
Resveratrol.28
Placebo.60

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Total Insulin Sensitivity at Week 12.

The insulin sensitivity was calculated at baseline and week 12 with Matsuda index and the entered values reflect the insulin sensitivity at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionindex (Mean)
Resveratrol4.2
Placebo4.7

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Triglycerides Levels at Week 12

The triglycerides were evaluated at baseline and week 12 with enzymatic-colorimetric techniques and the entered values reflect the triglycerides level at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Resveratrol210.6
Placebo235.8

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Uric Acid at Week 12.

The uric acid levels were measured at baseline and at week 12 with standardized techniques and the entered values reflect the uric acid levels at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12.

Interventionµmol/l (Mean)
Resveratrol277.93
Placebo364.03

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Weight at Week 12.

The weight was measured at baseline, week 4, week 8 and week 12 with a bioimpedance balance and the entered values reflect the weight at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionkg (Mean)
Resveratrol90.5
Placebo93.1

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Waist Circumference at Week 12

Waist circumference was evaluated at baseline and at week 12 with a flexible tape and the entered values reflect the waist circumference measure at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventioncm (Mean)
Resveratrol105.4
Placebo105.8

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Body Mass Index at Week 12

The Body Mass index was calculated at baseline and at week 12 with the Quetelet index and the entered values reflect the body mass index at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Week 12

Interventionkg/m2 (Mean)
Resveratrol34.3
Placebo34.0

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Creatinine at Week 12.

The creatinine levels were measured at baseline and at week 12 with standardized techniques and the entered values reflect the creatinine levels at week 12 (NCT02114892)
Timeframe: Baseline. Week 12.

Interventionµmol/l (Mean)
Resveratrol57.94
Placebo63.29

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Blood Glucose Level

Change in levels of blood glucose (metabolic risk factor) from baseline to post-test (90 days). (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose9.49
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.74
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day2.94

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Change From Baseline in AMPK Muscle Protein Levels.

Change in muscle protein levels, such as AMPK in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). Arbitrary units are used for measurement as it is common for protein expression data since we do not measure absolute content of a specific protein within a sample. (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose0.42
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.72
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day1.50

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Change From Baseline in Citrate Synthase (CS) Enzymes in Muscle Samples

Change in citrate synthase (CS) enzymes in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning in older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionnmol/min/mg protein (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose-0.02
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.08
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day-0.09

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Change From Baseline in Cytochrome Oxidase (COX) in Muscle Samples

Change in cytochrome oxidase (COX) in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning in older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 days

Interventionnmol/min/mg/protein (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose109.4
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day126.7
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day121.2

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Change From Baseline in Mitochondrial DNA Content in Muscle Samples

Change in mitochondrial DNA content in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning in older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline and 90 Days

InterventionRatio (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose2.71
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day7.13
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day-7.31

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Change From Baseline in Mitochondrial Respiration in Muscle

Change in mitochondrial respiration (State 3) in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionnmol O2/s/mg wwt (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose-3.05
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day-4.82
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day-4.56

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Change From Baseline in PGC-1α Muscle Protein Levels

Change in muscle protein levels, such as PGC-1α (primary outcome) in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). Arbitrary units are used for measurement as it is common for protein expression data since we do not measure absolute content of a specific protein within a sample. (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose-0.10
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day-0.12
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day-0.07

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Change From Baseline in Physical Performance

Change in Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) Test Total Score on a scale of 0-12 from baseline to post-test (90 days). Lower scores indicate more mobility limitations while higher scores indicate minimal to no mobility limitations. (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionunits on a scale 0-12 (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose0.18
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day-0.08
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day0.06

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Change From Baseline in Sirtuins (SIRT1) Muscle Protein Levels.

Change in muscle protein levels, such as sirtuins (SIRT1), in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). Arbitrary units are used for measurement as it is common for protein expression data since we do not measure absolute content of a specific protein within a sample. (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose0.03
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.00
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day0.01

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Change From Baseline in Sirtuins (SIRT3) Muscle Protein Levels.

Change in muscle protein levels, such as sirtuins (SIRT3), in muscle samples of moderate-to-low functioning older adults from baseline to post-test (90 days). Arbitrary units are used for measurement as it is common for protein expression data since we do not measure absolute content of a specific protein within a sample. (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 days

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose0.01
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.01
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day-0.01

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Change From Baseline in Walking Speed.

Change in physical function, such as walking speed from baseline to post-test (90 days). The Six Minute Walk Test was used to measure data and involved participants being asked to walk as far and as fast as possible for 6-minutes on a 40m track. (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

Interventionm/s (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose0.03
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.06
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day0.04

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Physical Activity Levels

Change in levels of spontaneous physical activity from baseline to post-test (90 days). Measured using an accelerometer which is a wearable device that captures acceleration (counts) in real time, in multiple planes. Can be used to measure energy expenditure or stationary activity levels. (NCT02123121)
Timeframe: Baseline to 90 Days

InterventionCounts per minute (Mean)
Vegetable Cellulose167.0
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day153.1
Resveratrol 1500 mg/Day170.9

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6-Minute Walk Distance, Meters

Six month changes in 6-Minute Walk Distance (meters) in response to resveratrol therapy in patients with Peripheral Artery Disease were measured. (NCT02246660)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 month follow-up

Interventionmeters (Mean)
Resveratrol - 500 mg/Day-12.8
Resveratrol - 125 mg/Day4.6
Placebo-12.3

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Percent Change in Brachial Artery Flow-mediated Dilation at Each Time Point

Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation represents the percent change in artery diameter (before and after blood pressure cuff inflation-deflation) within each time point. (NCT02256540)
Timeframe: Up to 2 hours post-exercise

,,
InterventionPercent Change (Mean)
Baseline30 min after exercise60 min after exercise120 min after exercise
Climara Patch - Placebo Tablets5.865.416.998.03
Placebo Patch - Placebo Tablets4.113.203.234.35
Placebo Patch - Resveratrol Tablets6.935.887.017.57

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Change in Nitrate/Nitrite Levels

Measure of nitric oxide (NCT02256540)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-2 hrs post-exercise

,,
Interventionmicromolar (Mean)
Baseline60 min after exercise120 min after exercise
Climara Patch - Placebo Tablets110.9118.2111.1
Placebo Patch - Placebo Tablets121.3108.6114.7
Placebo Patch - Resveratrol Tablets134.2109.6118.7

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Serum CA125 Levels at 42 Days

Serum levels of CA125 will be measured after 42 days of treatment in UI/mL. Median levels of CA125 were compared between both groups on day 42, and to baseline values (day 1). (NCT02475564)
Timeframe: 42 days

InterventionUI/mL (Median)
Resveratrol11.7
Placebo13.7

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Serum Prolactin Levels at 42 Days

Serum levels of prolactin will be measured after 42 days of treatment. Median levels of prolactin were compared between both groups on day 42. (NCT02475564)
Timeframe: 42 days

Interventionng/mL (Median)
Resveratrol12
Placebo11.1

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Pain Scores Measured by VAS (Visual Analog Scale) at Day 42.

Pain will be measured by VAS (visual analog scale) as baseline and at the end of the study, considering the last 7 days. VAS was used to measuring pain intensity, ranging continuously from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). The main outcome compared median pain levels between both arms on day 42. (NCT02475564)
Timeframe: 42 days

Interventionunits on a scale (Median)
Resveratrol3.2
Placebo3.9

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Isokinetic Strength.

Isokinetic strength of the dominant limb will be assessed by a standard dynamometer and changes between the groups at baseline and 12 weeks will be assessed. (NCT02523274)
Timeframe: Change between baseline and 12 weeks

InterventionNewtons-Meters (Mean)
Placebo-3.24
Resveratrol 500 mg/Day10.5
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day6.15

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Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument

The instrument includes 16 tasks representing a broad range of disability indicators that assesses both frequency of doing a task and perceived limitation. The instrument uses a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of function. (NCT02523274)
Timeframe: Change at Baseline to 12 weeks

InterventionScore on a scale (Mean)
Placebo4.77
Resveratrol 500 mg/Day5.72
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day3.36

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Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).

Investigators will assess lower-extremity function by asking the participants to perform a series of tasks including: walking at their usual pace over a 4 m course, repeated chair stands, and a balance test. Each task is scored from 0 to 4, with 4 indicating best level of performance and 0 the inability to complete the test. A summary score (0-12) is then calculated. Higher score on the scale is reflective of higher function and lower score reflects lower functioning. Changes between the groups at baseline and 12 weeks will be assessed. (NCT02523274)
Timeframe: Change between baseline to 12 weeks

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Placebo0.38
Resveratrol 500 mg/Day0.25
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.13

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Walking Speed

Walking speed is assessed by asking the participants to walk at their usual pace over a 4 m course. Participants are to stand with both feet touching the starting line and to start walking after a verbal command is given, and the time needed to complete the entire distance will be recorded. The faster of two walks will be used and changes between the groups at baseline and 12 weeks will be assessed. (NCT02523274)
Timeframe: Change at Baseline to 12 weeks

Interventionm/s (Mean)
Placebo-0.04
Resveratrol 500 mg/Day-0.03
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day0.04

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6-minute Walk Test

Investigators will assess exercise capacity of participants using the six-minute (6-min) walk test to assess change in meters walked between the groups at baseline and 12 weeks. (NCT02523274)
Timeframe: Change between Baseline and 12 weeks

InterventionMeters (Mean)
Placebo9.34
Resveratrol 500 mg/Day22.9
Resveratrol 1000 mg/Day33.1

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"Scores on A Tool to Assess Quality of Life in LAM (ATAQ-LAM) Quality of Life Assessment Scale After Treatment With 24 Weeks of Resveratrol and Sirolimus"

Quality of life scores will be calculated by using ATAQ-LAM to determine if the combination of resveratrol and sirolimus can improve the quality of life in patients with LAM. A Tool to Assess Quality of Life in LAM (ATAQ-LAM) is a disease-specific instrument designed to assess HRQOL in patients with LAM, and consists of 32 items divided into 4 domains: exertional dyspnea, cough, fatigue, and emotional well-being. The total scores on this scale can range between 32 - 192, with higher scores indicating worse quality of life. (NCT03253913)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8, Week 16, Week 24

Interventionscore on a scale (Median)
BaselineWeek 8Week 16Week 24
Treatment Arm72706057

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San Diego Shortness of Breath Score (SD-SOB) Quality of Life Assessment Scores After Treatment With 24 Weeks of Resveratrol and Sirolimus

The San Diego shortness of breath questionnaire measures the quality-of-life impairment secondary to dyspnea resulting from pulmonary disorders. It is a 24-item measure that assesses self-reported shortness of breath while performing a variety of activities of daily living, with higher scores indicating worse quality of life. (NCT03253913)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8, Week 16, Week 24

Interventionscore on a scale (Median)
BaselineWeek 8Week 16Week 24
Treatment Arm29312322

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Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in One-second (FEV1) After 24 Weeks of Combined Treatment With Resveratrol and Sirolimus

Difference in the absolute Forced expiratory volume in one-second (FEV1) after 24 weeks of treatment. FEV1 values reported are in liters. There are no definite minimum and maximum values of FEV1 as it is a physiological measure of lung function and varies from individual to individual. Higher FEV1 scores indicate better lung function. (NCT03253913)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8, Week 16, Week 24

InterventionAbsolute FEV1 in liters (Median)
BaselineWeek 8Week 16Week 24
Treatment Arm1.741.982.011.94

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EuroQOL Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-5D) Scores After Treatment With 24 Weeks of Sirolimus and Resveratrol.

The EuroQOL visual-analogue scale (EQVAS) measures self-reported ratings of health status. Scores range from 0 to100, with lower scores indicating worse functioning. (NCT03253913)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8, Week 16, Week 24

Interventionscore on a scale (Median)
BaselineWeek 8Week 16Week 24
Treatment Arm80859090

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Number of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events

Safety and adverse effect profile of combined resveratrol and sirolimus in adult patients with LAM (NCT03253913)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8, Week 16, Week 24

InterventionAdverse effects (Number)
250 mg daily500mg daily1000mg daily
Treatment Arm422525

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Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D) Levels After Treatment With a Combination of Resveratrol and Sirolimus as Compared to Baseline Serum VEGF-D Levels on Sirolimus Alone

Change in serum VEGF-D level in pg/ml after treatment with a combination of resveratrol and sirolimus as compared to the historical VEGF-D level in patients on a stable dose of sirolimus alone. Baseline VEGF-D values represent serum VEGF-D levels on stable dose of sirolimus alone prior to starting study drug. (NCT03253913)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8, Week 16, Week 24

Interventionpg/ml (Median)
Baseline VEGF-D level in patients on a stable dose of sirolimus aloneWeek 8Week 16Week 24
Treatment Arm617543581575

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St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) Quality of Life Assessment Scores After Treatment With Combined Resveratrol and Sirolimus

Quality of life scores will be calculated by using SGRQ to determine if the combination of resveratrol and sirolimus can improve the quality of life in patients with LAM. This is a disease-specific instrument designed to measure impact on overall health, daily life, and perceived well-being in patients with obstructive airways disease. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating worse quality of life. (NCT03253913)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8, Week 16, Week 24.

Interventionscore on a scale (Median)
BaselineWeek 8Week 16Week 24
Treatment Arm4243.54342

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Change in Total BDI-II Score From Baseline to Week 4

Beck Depression Inventory 21 items, total score range 0-63 (63 - worse) (NCT03384329)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Resveratrol Pill-9.3
Placebo-9.7

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Change in Total HDRS-17 Score From Baseline to Week 4

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 items, total score range 0-53 (53 - worse) (NCT03384329)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Resveratrol Pill-7.2
Placebo-9.9

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Change in SIRT1 Activity From Baseline to Week 4

SIRT1 is enzyme sirtuin-1 which activity is measured in the blood (NCT03384329)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Interventionunits (Mean)
Resveratrol Pill-0.59
Placebo-0.02

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Pain as Assessed by Numeric Pain Rating Scale

total score 0-10 with higher scores indicating greater pain (NCT03866200)
Timeframe: baseline, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Baseline30 days60 days90 days
Placebo3.602.362.101.92
Resveratrol3.602.722.442.55

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Death

Number of study participants who died with 21 day of randomization (NCT04400890)
Timeframe: Within 21 days from randomization

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Resveratrol With Vitamin D30
Placebo With Vitamin D30

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Hospitalization Rates for COVID-19

Number of study participants admitted to the hospital within 21 days of randomization (NCT04400890)
Timeframe: 21 days from study randomization

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Resveratrol With Vitamin D31
Placebo With Vitamin D33

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ICU Admission Rates

Number of study participants admitted within 21 who subsequently get admitted to the ICU (NCT04400890)
Timeframe: 21 days from randomization

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Resveratrol With Vitamin D30
Placebo With Vitamin D30

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Invasive Ventilation Rates

Number of study participants who get admitted with 21 day of randomization who receiving invasive ventilation. (NCT04400890)
Timeframe: 21 days from randomization

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Resveratrol With Vitamin D30
Placebo With Vitamin D30

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Pneumonia

Number of study participants are diagnosed with pneumonia with 21 day of randomization (NCT04400890)
Timeframe: 21 days from randomization

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Resveratrol With Vitamin D34
Placebo With Vitamin D38

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Pulmonary Embolism

Number of study participants are diagnosed with pulmonary embolism with 21 day of randomization (NCT04400890)
Timeframe: 21 days from start of randomization.

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Resveratrol With Vitamin D31
Placebo With Vitamin D31

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Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)

An adverse event (AE) was defined as any untoward medical occurrence (including clinically significant [CS] vital signs measurements or laboratory results) or worsening of a pre-existing condition in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product during the course of the study, whether related or not to the study medication. TEAEs were defined as AE that occurred on or after the date and time of study drug administration or those that first occurred pre-dose but worsened by increase in occurrence or severity after study drug administration. TEAEs includes both serious and non-serious TEAEs. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: From first dose of study drug administration up to 131 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)7
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)4
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)6
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)6

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Maximum Rate of Urinary Excretion (Rmax) for Resveratrol

Maximum rate of urinary excretion, calculated by dividing the amount of drug excreted in each collection interval by the time over which it was collected. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 4, 8, 12, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Interventionnanogram per hour (ng/h) (Geometric Mean)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)8791.49
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)26486.23
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)44737.57

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Elimination Half-Life (T1/2 el) for Resveratrol

Elimination half-life was defined as the time required for the plasma concentration of drug to decrease 50 percent in the final stage of its elimination. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 0.133, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Interventionhour (Geometric Mean)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)1.26
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)2.36
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)1.56
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)1.47

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Time to Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Tmax) for Resveratrol

Tmax was time to reach maximum observed plasma concentration obtained directly from the concentration versus time curve. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 0.133, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Interventionhour (Median)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)0.999
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)1.003
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)1.025
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)1.497

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Cumulative Urinary Excretion From Time Zero to Time t (Ae0-t) for Resveratrol

Cumulative urinary excretion from time zero to time t, calculated as the sum of the amounts excreted over each collection interval. The amount excreted in urine for each time interval was calculated as the urine concentration multiplied by the urine volume. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 4, 8, 12, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Interventionnanogram (ng) (Geometric Mean)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)16927.35
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)48454.76
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)109323.50

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Elimination Rate Constant (Kel) for Resveratrol

Kel was determined from the terminal slope of the log-transformed plasma concentration curve using linear regression method. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 0.133, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Intervention1 per hour (1/h) (Geometric Mean)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)0.5520
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)0.2932
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)0.4436
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)0.4712

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Time of Rmax (Tmax) for Resveratrol

Tmax was the time after administration of a drug when the Rmax is reached. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 4, 8, 12, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Interventionhour (Median)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)0.793
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)0.551
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)0.698

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Residual Area for Resveratrol

Residual area for resveratrol in plasma was calculated and reported. The residual area was calculated as 100*(1- AUC0-t / AUC0-inf) where AUC0-t (h*ng/mL) = area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to the last measurable concentration and AUC0-inf (h*ng/mL) = area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to time of infinity. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 0.133, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage AUC (Geometric Mean)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)5.48
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)4.56
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)3.58
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)2.29

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Renal Clearance (CLr) for Resveratrol

CLr was calculated as Ae0-t/AUC0-t (plasma) where t is Tlast. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 4, 8, 12, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

Interventionliter per hour (L/h) (Geometric Mean)
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)0.15
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)0.11
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)0.14

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Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax) for Resveratrol and Its Metabolites (Resveratrol-3-glucuronide, Resveratrol-4'-Glucuronide, and Resveratrol-3-sulfate)

Cmax was the maximum observed plasma concentration obtained directly from the concentration versus time curve. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 0.133, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

,,,
Interventionnanogram per milliliter (ng/mL) (Geometric Mean)
ResveratrolResveratrol-3-GlucuronideResveratrol-3-SulfateResveratrol-4'-Glucuronide
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)94.702292.846204.371649.08
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)326.328334.0816863.575340.95
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)648.0814558.0522856.797663.09
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)140.094173.4810696.583742.71

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Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time 0 to Time of Infinity (AUC0-inf) for Resveratrol and Its Metabolites (Resveratrol-3-glucuronide, Resveratrol-4'-Glucuronide, and Resveratrol-3-sulfate)

AUC(0-infinity) of resveratrol, resveratrol-3-glucuronide, resveratrol-4'-glucuronide, and resveratrol-3-sulfate in plasma were reported. AUC(0-infinity) of resveratrol, resveratrol-3-glucuronide, resveratrol-4'-glucuronide, and resveratrol-3-sulfate in plasma were reported and calculated as AUC0-t + Ct/Kel, where Ct is the last observed measurable concentration, AUC0-t is Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measurable Concentration and Kel is Elimination rate constant. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 0.133, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

,,,
Interventionhour*nanogram per milliliter (h*ng/mL) (Geometric Mean)
ResveratrolResveratrol-3-GlucuronideResveratrol-3-SulfateResveratrol-4'-Glucuronide
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)214.734821.1811668.984591.06
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)499.7316390.5535063.9015387.06
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)595.7529570.8453845.2522934.42
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)553.7711834.0531133.9414528.02

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Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measurable Concentration (AUC0-t) for Resveratrol and Its Metabolites (Resveratrol-3-glucuronide, Resveratrol-4'-Glucuronide, and Resveratrol-3-sulfate)

AUC0-t was Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measurable Concentration. AUC(0-t) was calculated according to the mixed log-linear trapezoidal rule. (NCT04668274)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 0.133, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, and 32 hours post-dose on Day 1

,,,
Interventionh*ng/mL (Geometric Mean)
ResveratrolResveratrol-3-GlucuronideResveratrol-3-SulfateResveratrol-4'-Glucuronide
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 200 mg (Treatment A)112.324796.0811593.204550.27
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment B)422.8516347.6234854.4815337.45
Part 1: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 700 mg (Treatment C)785.2929492.2253351.4722845.47
Part 2: JOTROL (Resveratrol) 500 mg (Treatment D)263.7511775.2731018.4914502.21

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SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
acetylcarnitine
Acetylcarnitine: An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS.		13.67101O-acylcarnitinehuman metabolite
dinitrochlorobenzene
Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions.		2.1510C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes		allergen;
epitope;
sensitiser
protocatechuic acid
protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4.		2.9740catechols;
dihydroxybenzoic acid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxybenzaldehyde
phosphoserine
Phosphoserine: The phosphoric acid ester of serine.		3.1750non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
O-phosphoamino acid;
serine derivative		human metabolite
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.		3.7390amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxybenzaldehydeEC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group.		2.110monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		fungal metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.		4.140monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
plant metabolite
aminolevulinic acid
Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.		7.5204-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
delta-amino acid		antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ethylene glycol
Ethylene Glycol: A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.. ethanediol : Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.. ethylene glycol : A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water.		2.5220ethanediol;
glycol		metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
solvent;
toxin
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.		3.0340monocarboxylic acidantimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent
acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.. acetaldehyde : The aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke.. aldehyde : A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group.. acetyl group : A group, formally derived from acetic acid by dehydroxylation, which is fundamental to the biochemistry of all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A, it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.		3.6120aldehydecarcinogenic agent;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
electron acceptor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
oxidising agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
teratogenic agent
acetamide
acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.		2.0310acetamides;
carboximidic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia
acetone
methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).		2.2110ketone body;
methyl ketone;
propanones;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent
adenine
[no description available]		4.011206-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
9-xylosyladenine
9-xylosyladenine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source		2.1310purine nucleoside
agmatine
Agmatine: Decarboxylated arginine, isolated from several plant and animal sources, e.g., pollen, ergot, herring sperm, octopus muscle.		7.110guanidines;
primary amino compound		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
ammonium hydroxide
azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.		6.6131azane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride		EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
nucleophilic reagent;
refrigerant
quinacrine
Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.		2.7130acridines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
benzene
[no description available]		7.7620aromatic annulene;
benzenes;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
non-polar solvent
benzoic acid
Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.		3.3510benzoic acidsalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.		3.4110amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative		fundamental metabolite
1-butanol
1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.		2.5320alkyl alcohol;
primary alcohol;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent
butyric acid
Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.		5.0860fatty acid 4:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		human urinary metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
carbamates
[no description available]		8.0240amino-acid anion
carbon monoxide
Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas.		3.1850carbon oxide;
gas molecular entity;
one-carbon compound		biomarker;
EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
ligand;
metabolite;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
neurotransmitter;
P450 inhibitor;
probe;
signalling molecule;
vasodilator agent
carnitine
[no description available]		7.94131amino-acid betainehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
catechol
[no description available]		4.6980catecholsallelochemical;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
methane
Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).		11.892alkane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride;
one-carbon compound		bacterial metabolite;
fossil fuel;
greenhouse gas
chlordecone
[no description available]		2.4420cyclic ketone;
organochlorine compound		insecticide;
persistent organic pollutant
choline
[no description available]		2.4220cholinesallergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutrient;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous
Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.		2.9940tricarboxylic acidantimicrobial agent;
chelator;
food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.		4.23160halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
coumarin
2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative		6.76110coumarinsfluorescent dye;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
salicylic acid
Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).		5.58120monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
phloroglucinol
Phloroglucinol: A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primarily as a laboratory reagent.. phloroglucinol : A benzenetriol with hydroxy groups at position 1, 3 and 5.		8.8430benzenetriol;
phenolic donor		algal metabolite
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		7.42440trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
octanoic acid
octanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1764. octanoic acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid.		2.2110medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		antibacterial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen Sulfide: A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). hydrogen sulfide : A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.. thiol : An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety.		3.5670gas molecular entity;
hydracid;
mononuclear parent hydride;
sulfur hydride		Escherichia coli metabolite;
genotoxin;
metabolite;
signalling molecule;
toxin;
vasodilator agent
4-aminophenol
4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.		2.4920aminophenolallergen;
metabolite
3-hydroxybutyric acid
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.. 3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics.		3.8421(omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid;
3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybutyric acid		human metabolite
bupropion
Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.0410aromatic ketone;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
guaiacol
Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.		3.6920guaiacolsdisinfectant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
expectorant;
plant metabolite
taxifolin
[no description available]		2.96403'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroflavonols;
pentahydroxyflavanone;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone
methylmalonic acid
Methylmalonic Acid: A malonic acid derivative which is a vital intermediate in the metabolism of fat and protein. Abnormalities in methylmalonic acid metabolism lead to methylmalonic aciduria. This metabolic disease is attributed to a block in the enzymatic conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA.. methylmalonic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.		7.4110C4-dicarboxylic acidhuman metabolite
n(g),n(g')-dimethyl-l-arginine
N,N-dimethylarginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine; do not confuse with N,N'-dimethylarginine		4.9171alpha-amino acid
malic acid
malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.		2.78302-hydroxydicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid		food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
phosphonoacetic acid
Phosphonoacetic Acid: A simple organophosphorus compound that inhibits DNA polymerase, especially in viruses and is used as an antiviral agent.. phosphonoacetic acid : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorous is replaced by a carboxymethyl group.		2.7530monocarboxylic acid;
phosphonic acids		antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents.		3.3160catechols;
dihydroxyphenylacetic acid		human metabolite
aminocaproic acid
Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.		2.0310amino acid zwitterion;
epsilon-amino acid;
omega-amino fatty acid		antifibrinolytic drug;
hematologic agent;
metabolite
dibenzofuran
Dibenzofurans: Compounds that include the structure of dibenzofuran.. dibenzofurans : Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.. dibenzofuran : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a furan ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.		210dibenzofurans;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent;
polycyclic heteroarene		xenobiotic
creatine
[no description available]		5.540glycine derivative;
guanidines;
zwitterion		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical
cytosine
[no description available]		2.4820aminopyrimidine;
pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		11.553302-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate: isomeric with isopentenyl pyrophosphate. prenyl diphosphate : A prenol phosphate that is a phosphoantigen comprising the O-pyrophosphate of prenol.		2.1310prenol phosphateepitope;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
phosphoantigen
diacetyl
butane-2,3-dione : An alpha-diketone that is butane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite produced during the malolactic fermentation.		2.0310alpha-diketoneEscherichia coli metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.		3.7590sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger
ethanolamine
[no description available]		210ethanolamines;
primary alcohol;
primary amine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
formaldehyde
paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy		3.5580aldehyde;
one-carbon compound		allergen;
carcinogenic agent;
disinfectant;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
glycine
[no description available]		7.23101alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical
glycerol
Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.		8.81145alditol;
triol		algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent
alpha-glycerophosphoric acid
[no description available]		2.0710glycerol monophosphatealgal metabolite;
human metabolite
glycolic acid
glycolic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glycolic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid where the methyl group has been hydroxylated.		2.79302-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
primary alcohol		keratolytic drug;
metabolite
glyoxylic acid
glyoxylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glyoxylic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid bearing an oxo group at the alpha carbon atom.		2.31102-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
aldehydic acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hydrogen carbonate
Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.		2.0510carbon oxoanioncofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dalteparin
Dalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)		2.1310
histamine
[no description available]		3.5780aralkylamino compound;
imidazoles		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.		8.1750elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite
hydroquinone
[no description available]		5.96130benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
indole
[no description available]		2.0510indole;
polycyclic heteroarene		Escherichia coli metabolite
indoleacetic acid
indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.		2.0710indole-3-acetic acids;
monocarboxylic acid		auxin;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
indol-3-yl pyruvic acid
3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pyruvic acid substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at position 3. It has been found in Lycopersicon esculentum		2.05102-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
indol-3-yl carboxylic acid		plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
iodine
Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..		3.6220diatomic iodinenutrient
dihydroxyphenylalanine
Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.		3.4211hydroxyphenylalanine;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
tyrosine derivative		human metabolite
kynurenine
Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.		7.7930aromatic ketone;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
substituted aniline		human metabolite
thioctic acid
Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.		9.67261dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
thia fatty acid		fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
pyruvaldehyde
Pyruvaldehyde: An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.. methylglyoxal : A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal.		9.482122-oxo aldehyde;
propanals		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.		10.43180alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
phytic acid
Phytic Acid: Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent.. myo-inositol hexakisphosphate : A myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in which each hydroxy group of myo-inositol is monophosphorylated.		3.5320inositol phosphate
inositol
Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.		8.2271cyclitol;
hexol
melatonin
[no description available]		9.35710acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
croton oil
[no description available]		2.4220N-acyl-hexosamine
n-acetylserotonin
N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.		2.4420acetamides;
N-acylserotonin;
phenols		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
naphthalene
[no description available]		7.5120naphthalenes;
ortho-fused bicyclic arene		apoptosis inhibitor;
carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
naringenin
[no description available]		3.65204'-hydroxyflavanones;
trihydroxyflavanone
nickel
Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28.		3.0340metal allergen;
nickel group element atom		epitope;
micronutrient
niacinamide
nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.		14.72790pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinecarboxamide;
vitamin B3		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
Sir2 inhibitor
niacin
Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.		5.850pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid;
vitamin B3		antidote;
antilipemic drug;
EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
nitrates
Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.		7.4192monovalent inorganic anion;
nitrogen oxoanion;
reactive nitrogen species
nitrites
Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		7.3311monovalent inorganic anion;
nitrogen oxoanion;
reactive nitrogen species		human metabolite
1-octanol
1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.		2.2510octanol;
primary alcohol		antifungal agent;
bacterial metabolite;
fuel additive;
kairomone;
plant metabolite
hydroxide ion
[no description available]		2.7730oxygen hydridemouse metabolite
oxaloacetic acid
Oxaloacetic Acid: A dicarboxylic acid ketone that is an important metabolic intermediate of the CITRIC ACID CYCLE. It can be converted to ASPARTIC ACID by ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE.. oxaloacetic acid : An oxodicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing a single oxo group.		7.0810C4-dicarboxylic acid;
oxo dicarboxylic acid		geroprotector;
metabolite
oxalic acid
Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.		2.0810alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid
4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.		2.1310aminobenzoic acid;
aromatic amino-acid zwitterion		allergen;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-nitrophenol
4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.		2.13104-nitrophenolshuman xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
triphosphoric acid
triphosphoric acid: used as water softener, peptizing agent, emulsifier & dispersing agent; ingredient of cleansers; meat preservative; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.110acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride;
phosphorus oxoacid
palmitic acid
Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.		4.39180long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
parathion
[no description available]		3.1210C-nitro compound;
organic thiophosphate;
organothiophosphate insecticide		acaricide;
agrochemical;
avicide;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite
phenol
[no description available]		4.6980phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phenylpyruvic acid
phenylpyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenylpyruvate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from deprotonation of the carboxy group of either keto- or enol-phenylpyruvic acid.. keto-phenylpyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropanoic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in the phenylalanine pathway.		2.02102-oxo monocarboxylic acidchromogenic compound;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite
phenylacetic acid
phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.		3.1210benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenylacetic acids		allergen;
Aspergillus metabolite;
auxin;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
toxin
phosphorylcholine
Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.		7.5220phosphocholinesallergen;
epitope;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phosphorylethanolamine
phosphorylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. O-phosphoethanolamine : The ethanolamine mono-ester of phosphoric acid, and a metabolite of phospholipid metabolism. This phosphomonoester shows strong structural similarity to the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, and is decreased in post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain.		2.0510phosphoethanolamine;
primary amino compound		algal metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phthalic acid
phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions.		2.610benzenedicarboxylic acidhuman xenobiotic metabolite
picolinic acid
picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan.		2.610pyridinemonocarboxylic acidhuman metabolite;
MALDI matrix material
propylene glycol
Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze.		2.4820glycol;
propane-1,2-diols		allergen;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent
propionic acid
propionic acid : A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group.		7.610saturated fatty acid;
short-chain fatty acid		antifungal drug
pyrazinamide
pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.		2.4720monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia;
pyrazines		antitubercular agent;
prodrug
pyrazinoic acid
pyrazinoic acid: active metabolite of pyrazinamide; structure. pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid : The parent compound of the class of pyrazinecarboxylic acids, that is pyrazine bearing a single carboxy substituent. The active metabolite of the antitubercular drug pyrazinamide.		2.1310pyrazinecarboxylic acidantitubercular agent;
drug metabolite
pyridoxine
4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).		5.640hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
vitamin B6		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyrogallol
benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.		8.6790benzenetriol;
phenolic donor		plant metabolite
pyruvic acid
Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.		3.36602-oxo monocarboxylic acidcofactor;
fundamental metabolite
quinolinic acid
Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.		2.0310pyridinedicarboxylic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
thiosulfates
Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid.		2.6920divalent inorganic anion;
sulfur oxide;
sulfur oxoanion		human metabolite
selenic acid
Selenic Acid: A strong dibasic acid with the molecular formula H2SeO4. Included under this heading is the acid form, and inorganic salts of dihydrogen selenium tetraoxide.		210selenium oxoacid
sulfites
Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3).		9.120divalent inorganic anion;
sulfur oxide;
sulfur oxoanion
spermidine
[no description available]		7.38130polyazaalkane;
triamine		autophagy inducer;
fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
spermine
[no description available]		2.0310polyazaalkane;
tetramine		antioxidant;
fundamental metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
succinic acid
Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.		2.7930alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid		anti-ulcer drug;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
radiation protective agent
sulfuric acid
sulfuric acid : A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom.		2.0310sulfur oxoacidcatalyst
sulfur dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant.		2.0310sulfur oxideEscherichia coli metabolite;
food bleaching agent;
refrigerant
taurine
[no description available]		10.0160amino sulfonic acid;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient;
radical scavenger;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine
thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.		4.8530primary alcohol;
vitamin B1		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thymine
[no description available]		7.0610pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
toluene
methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.		2.9840methylbenzene;
toluenes;
volatile organic compound		cholinergic antagonist;
fuel additive;
neurotoxin;
non-polar solvent
trimethyloxamine
trimethyloxamine: used in manufacture of quaternary ammonium cpds; insect attractant; warming agent for gas; oxidant; structure. trimethylamine N-oxide : A tertiary amine oxide resulting from the oxidation of the amino group of trimethylamine.		5.6631tertiary amine oxideEscherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
osmolyte
trimethylamine
[no description available]		8.0410methylamines;
tertiary amine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite
tryptamine
[no description available]		2.0510aminoalkylindole;
aralkylamino compound;
indole alkaloid;
tryptamines		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
uric acid
Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.		5.3150uric acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.		3.2250isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
vanillin
Vanilla: A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS).		2.5820benzaldehydes;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
xanthine
7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated.. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated.		2.0410xanthineSaccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin
[no description available]		4.2750hydroxyflavan
epibatidine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate
2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors.		2.0310non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acidNMDA receptor antagonist
alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine
[no description available]		2.0310
3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid
3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid: structure given in first source; NMDA receptor antagonist		2.0310
1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone
1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone: a CNS depressant; structure in first source		2.0310
ibotenic acid
Ibotenic Acid: A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.		2.0310non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acidneurotoxin
n(8)-bromoacetyl-n(1)-3'-(4-indolyloxy)-2'-hydroxypropyl-1,8-diamino-4-menthane
N(8)-bromoacetyl-N(1)-3'-(4-indolyloxy)-2'-hydroxypropyl-1,8-diamino-4-menthane: structure given in first source		2.0310
sk&f-38393
2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393		2.4420benzazepine;
catechols;
secondary amino compound
vanilmandelic acid
Vanilmandelic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It is an end-stage metabolite of CATECHOLAMINES; EPINEPHRINE; and NOREPINEPHRINE.. vanillylmandelic acid : An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid.		2.03102-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
aromatic ether;
phenols		human metabolite
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
[no description available]		3.3110catechin
1,10-diaminodecane
[no description available]		2.4420
1,10-phenanthroline
1,10-phenanthroline: RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases		2.1310phenanthrolineEC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor
1,2-dimethylhydrazine
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine: A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental animals.. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine : A member of the class of hydrazines that is hydrazine in which one of the hydrogens attached to each nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group. A powerful DNA alkylating agent and carcinogen, it is used to induce colon cancer in laboratory rats and mice.		3.2960hydrazinesalkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent
1,3-diethyl-8-phenylxanthine
1,3-diethyl-8-phenylxanthine: structure given in first source		2.0310
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine
DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group.		2.7530oxopurineadenosine A1 receptor antagonist;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
1,3-dipropyl-8-(4-sulfophenyl)xanthine
1,3-dipropyl-8-(4-sulfophenyl)xanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist		2.0310
1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline
1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline: structure in first source. isoquinoline-1,5-diol : An isoquinolinol that is isoquinoline in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by hydroxy groups.		2.4520isoquinolinolEC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
pk 11195
PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine		2.7330aromatic amide;
isoquinolines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes		antineoplastic agent
1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole
1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole: an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in mouse		2.0310imidazoles
1-aminobenzotriazole
[no description available]		2.4420
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.		4.5210aminonaphthalene;
naphthalenesulfonic acid		fluorescent probe
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4.		8.3460methylpyridines;
phenylpyridine;
tetrahydropyridine		neurotoxin
1-methylimidazole
1-methyl-1H-imidazole : A 1H-imidazole having a methyl substituent at the N-1 position.		2.0310imidazoles
edelfosine
edelfosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. edelfosine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-edelfosine.. 1-octadecyl-2-methylglycero-3-phosphocholine : A glycerophosphocholine that is glycero-3-phosphocholine substituted at positions 1 and 2 by octadecyl and methyl groups respectively.		2.0310glycerophosphocholine
1h-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one
1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one: structure given in first source; inhibits guanylyl cyclase. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one : A member of the class of oxadiazoloquinoxalines that is 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline substituted at position 1 by an oxo group.		3.1350oxadiazoloquinoxalineEC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor
hoe 33342
BXI-72: structure in first source		2.0410bibenzimidazole;
N-methylpiperazine		fluorochrome
2,2'-dipyridyl
2,2'-Dipyridyl: A reagent used for the determination of iron.. 2,2'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-2 and C-2'.		2.7530bipyridinechelator;
ferroptosis inhibitor
2,4-dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.		2.830dinitrophenolallergen;
antiseptic drug;
bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
geroprotector;
oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: mutagen from fried ground beef; structure given in first source. PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, amino, and phenyl groups, respectively. It is the most abundant of the mutagenic heterocyclic amines found in cooked meat and fish.		340imidazopyridine;
primary amino compound		carcinogenic agent;
mutagen
2-hydroxysaclofen
2-hydroxysaclofen: structure given in first source		2.0310organochlorine compound
mercaptoethanol
Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation.		2.5520alkanethiol;
primary alcohol		geroprotector
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin : A member of the class of isocoumarins that is isocoumarin substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 4. It is a serine protease inhibitor.		2.4420isocoumarins;
organochlorine compound		geroprotector;
serine protease inhibitor
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine: An N-substituted amphetamine analog. It is a widely abused drug classified as a hallucinogen and causes marked, long-lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. It is commonly referred to as MDMA or ecstasy.. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole substituted by a 2-(methylamino)propyl group at position 5.		3.5620amphetamines;
benzodioxoles		neurotoxin
phaclofen
phaclofen: peripheral & central baclofen & GABA antagonist; structure given in first source		2.0310organophosphate oxoanion;
zwitterion
3-aminobenzamide
[no description available]		3.6730benzamides;
substituted aniline		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
aminopropionitrile
Aminopropionitrile: Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.		7.6320aminopropionitrileantineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
collagen cross-linking inhibitor;
plant metabolite
3-bromo-7-nitroindazole
[no description available]		2.0310
3-methylcholanthrene
Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.		3.1350ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenearyl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
carcinogenic agent
enprofylline
enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.		2.0310oxopurineanti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3-nitropropionic acid
3-nitropropionic acid: succinate dehydrogenase inactivator; biosynthesized by FABACEAE plants from ASPARAGINE. 3-nitropropanoic acid : A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.		2.9640C-nitro compoundantimycobacterial drug;
EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
mycotoxin;
neurotoxin
pleconaril
WIN 63843: structure given in first source		2.610
4'-bromoflavone
4'-bromoflavone: structure in first source		2.7730
ro 5-4864
4'-chlorodiazepam: selectively binds peripheral benzodiazepine receptor		2.1310
cgp 52411
4,5-dianilinophthalimide: structure given in first source. 4,5-dianilinophthalimide : Phthalimide substituted at the 4- and 5-positions by anilino groups.		2.0510phthalimidesgeroprotector;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride
[no description available]		2.610
4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide
4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide: inhibits ADP-ribosylation; sometimes abreviated as 4-AN;		2.7330benzoisoquinoline;
dicarboximide
4-aminopyridine
[no description available]		3.5480aminopyridine;
aromatic amine		avicide;
orphan drug;
potassium channel blocker
homovanillic acid
Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite.		2.9740guaiacols;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide
4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide: metabolite of nifuroxazide. 4-hydroxybenzohydrazide : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with hydrazine.		2.0310carbohydrazide;
phenols
4-nonylphenol
4-nonylphenol: structure in first source; see also record for nonylphenol. 4-nonylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol which is para-substituted with a nonyl group.		2.0810phenolsenvironmental contaminant
4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile
4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile: structure given in first source. 4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile : A 1,2,5-oxadiazole substituted by an oxido, cyano and phenyl groups at positions 2, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation.		2.44201,2,5-oxadiazole;
benzenes;
N-oxide;
nitrile		geroprotector;
nitric oxide donor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
soluble guanylate cyclase activator;
vasodilator agent
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide: do not confuse with DMPO (4',5'-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4-phenyl-5,2'-oxidocoumarin). 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide : A member of the class of 1-pyrroline nitrones (1-pyrroline N-oxides) resulting from the formal N-oxidation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline. Used as a spin trap for the study of radicals formed by enzymatic acetaldehyde oxidation.		2.73301-pyrroline nitronesneuroprotective agent;
spin trapping reagent
phenytoin
[no description available]		3.0140imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid
5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid: potent antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated glycine binding site		2.0310quinolines
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a).		2.1310long-chain fatty acid
5-(n,n-hexamethylene)amiloride
5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride: inhibitor of Na+-H+ exchange; has anti-HIV-1 activity. 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the two amino hydrogens at position N-5 are replaced by a hexamethylene moiety, resulting in the formation of an azepane ring.		2.4420aromatic amine;
azepanes;
guanidines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
odorant receptor antagonist;
sodium channel blocker
ethylisopropylamiloride
ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group.		2.4420aromatic amine;
guanidines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
neuroprotective agent;
sodium channel blocker
5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid
5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist		2.7530indolyl carboxylic acid
hydroxyindoleacetic acid
(5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.		2.0310indole-3-acetic acidsdrug metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phenanthridone
phenanthridone: coal tar derivative; structure given in first source. phenanthridone : A member of the class of phenanthridines that is phenanthridine with an oxo substituent at position 6. A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, it has been shown to exhibit immunosuppressive activity.		2.4420lactam;
phenanthridines		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
mutagen
6-chloromelatonin
[no description available]		2.0310acetamides
6-hydroxymelatonin
6-hydroxymelatonin : A member of the class of tryptamines that is melatonin with a hydroxy group substituent at position 6.		2.0310acetamides;
tryptamines		metabolite;
mouse metabolite
6-methoxytryptoline
6-methoxytryptoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0310
6-nitroso-1,2-benzopyrone
[no description available]		2.4420
7-chlorokynurenic acid
7-chlorokynurenic acid: selective antagonist at the glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex; structure given in first source. 7-chlorokynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinaldic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and by a chlorine at position 7. It is a potent NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist which antagonizes the strychnine-insensitive glycine site of the NMDA receptor. It also prevents neurodegeneration produced by quinolinic acid.		2.0310organochlorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist
etofylline
etofylline: etophyllin appeared once in PubMed: Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 May 15;136(9):213-8 as a combination drug with theophylline (spelt without e, theophllin)		2.1310oxopurine
7-nitroindazole
7-nitroindazole: an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase; exhibits anti-nociceptive activity without increasing blood pressure		2.4720
8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline
8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline: adenosine antagonist		2.7230
8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine
8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine: prolongs epileptic seizures in rats		2.4320oxopurine
8-phenyltheophylline
8-phenyltheophylline: purinergic P1 receptor antagonist		2.4220
oxyquinoline
Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.		2.1710monohydroxyquinolineantibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug;
iron chelator
tacrine
Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		10.45100acridines;
aromatic amine		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
aa 861
2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone: structure given in first source. docebenone : A member of the class of benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens are substituted by three methyl groups and a 12-hydroxydodeca-5,10-diyn-1-yl group.		2.48201,4-benzoquinones;
acetylenic compound;
primary alcohol		EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor
2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)
2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane): water-soluble free-radical initiator		4.3470monoazo compound
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		6.41111acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
acetarsol
[no description available]		2.1310acetamides;
anilide
acetazolamide
Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)		5.6951monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		anticonvulsant;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetochlor
acetochlor : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N-phenylacetamide carrying an ethyl and a methyl group at positions 2 and 6 respectively on the benzene ring while one of the methyl hydrogens as well as the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom have been replaced by a chloro and an ethoxymethyl group respectively.		2.0210aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
acetohexamide
Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.		2.0310acetophenones;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
ag 127
tyrphostin AG 126: inhibits development of postoperative ileus induced by surgical manipulation of murine colon		2.4420nitrophenol
rtki cpd
[no description available]		2.4420aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
quinazolines		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
geroprotector
tyrphostin a23
tyrphostin A23: inhibits EGF-stimulated thymidine incorporation as well as EGF-stimulated receptor autophosphorylation & tyrosine phosphorylation & cell proliferation; structure given in first source		2.4420catechols
tyrphostin 25
[no description available]		2.4420benzenetriol
tyrphostin a1
[no description available]		2.0310methoxybenzenesgeroprotector
1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid
1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid: structure given in first source		2.0310
alachlor
alachlor : An aromatic amide that is N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide substituted by a methoxymethyl group at at the nitrogen atom while one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a chlorine atom.		2.0210aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
albuterol
Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).		2.0310phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
alendronate
alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.		2.5201,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
primary amino compound		bone density conservation agent;
EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0310
alprenolol
Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.		2.610secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
altretamine
Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.		2.4720triamino-1,3,5-triazine
am 251
AM 251: an analog of SR141716A; structure given in first source. AM-251 : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 1-aminopiperidine. An antagonist at the CB1 cannabinoid receptor.		2.1310amidopiperidine;
carbohydrazide;
dichlorobenzene;
organoiodine compound;
pyrazoles		antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
CB1 receptor antagonist
amantadine
amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source		4.6640adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		analgesic;
antiparkinson drug;
antiviral drug;
dopaminergic agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
ambroxol
Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.		3.1310aromatic amine
amfonelic acid
amfonelic acid: CNS-stimulant		2.0310
amifostine anhydrous
Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.		2.0310diamine;
organic thiophosphate		antioxidant;
prodrug;
radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide
Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.		2.4320dicarboximide;
piperidones;
substituted aniline		adrenergic agent;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine
pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.		4.131guanidines;
one-carbon compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid
p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.		2.4320N-acylglycineDaphnia magna metabolite
theophylline
[no description available]		3.75100dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
2-aminothiazole
2-aminothiazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,3-thiazol-2-amine : A primary amino compound that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by an amino group at position 2.		2.6101,3-thiazoles;
primary amino compound
amiodarone
Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.		4.08401-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone;
organoiodine compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiovascular drug
dan 2163
[no description available]		2.5120aromatic amide;
aromatic amine;
benzamides;
pyrrolidines;
sulfone		environmental contaminant;
second generation antipsychotic;
xenobiotic
amitriptyline
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.		2.4820carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
amlodipine
Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.		2.0810dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
amodiaquine
Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.		2.610aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
phenols;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
amoxapine
Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.		2.7530dibenzooxazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
dopaminergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
anastrozole
[no description available]		3.2850nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
aniracetam
[no description available]		2.4720N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidin-2-ones
anisindione
anisindione: structure. anisindione : A cyclic beta-diketone consisting of indane-1,3-dione having a 4-methoxyphenyl substituent at the 4-position.		2.1310aromatic ketone;
beta-diketone		anticoagulant;
vitamin K antagonist
anthralin
Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.		2.0510anthracenesantipsoriatic
antipyrine
Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.		2.4820pyrazoloneantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid
2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid: glutamate antagonist in locust muscle; structure; do not confuse with L-AP4, which is the propionic acid version		2.0310
acetovanillone
apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.		4.1840acetophenones;
aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone		antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug;
plant metabolite
aristolochic acid i
aristolochic acid I: phospholipase A inhibitor. aristolochic acid A : An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic.		7.4920aristolochic acids;
aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
cyclic acetal;
monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
mutagen;
nephrotoxin;
toxin
aspirin
Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.		8.7281benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
astemizole
Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.		2.7630benzimidazoles;
piperidines		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol
Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.		2.9940ethanolamines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
sympatholytic agent;
xenobiotic
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolepropionate
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolepropionate: a glutamate agonist		2.0310alpha-amino acid
atrazine
[no description available]		2.5220chloro-1,3,5-triazine;
diamino-1,3,5-triazine		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
aurintricarboxylic acid
Aurintricarboxylic Acid: A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.. aurintricarboxylic acid : A member of the class of quinomethanes that is 3-methylidene-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by 4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl groups. The trisodium salt is the biological stain 'chrome violet CG' while the triammonium salt is 'aluminon'.		2.4420monohydroxybenzoic acid;
quinomethanes;
tricarboxylic acid		fluorochrome;
histological dye;
insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist
azathioprine
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.		2.4420aryl sulfide;
C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
thiopurine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
azelaic acid
nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.		2.4720alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
plant metabolite
baclofen
[no description available]		2.5220amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant
bay-k-8644
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.		3.4470(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester
bendroflumethiazide
Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.		2.1310benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
benphothiamine
benfotiamine : A thioester that is a synthetic analogue of thiamine obtained by acylative cleavage of the thiazole ring and O-phospohorylation.		2.0510aminopyrimidine;
formamides;
organic phosphate;
thioester		antioxidant;
immunological adjuvant;
nutraceutical;
protective agent;
provitamin B1
benserazide
Benserazide: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.. benserazide : A carbohydrazide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of DL-serine with the primary amino group of 4-(hydrazinylmethyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as its hydrochloride salt as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.		2.4110carbohydrazide;
catechols;
primary alcohol;
primary amino compound		antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
benzamide
benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.		2.5220benzamides
benzbromarone
Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.		2.48201-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone		uricosuric drug
benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.		4.81300ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenecarcinogenic agent;
mouse metabolite
benzothiazide
benzothiazide: structure. benzthiazide : 7-Sulfamoyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by chlorine and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzylsulfanylmethyl group. A diuretic, it is used to treat hypertension and edema.		2.1310benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
benzyl isothiocyanate
benzyl isothiocyanate: inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplasia; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #715; also promotes urinary bladder carcinoma		4.0640benzenes;
isothiocyanate		antibacterial drug
bepridil
Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.		2.730pyrrolidines;
tertiary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
berberine
[no description available]		8.46320alkaloid antibiotic;
berberine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
5-methoxypsoralen
5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.		3.55205-methoxyfurocoumarin;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
psoralens		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
beta-naphthoflavone
beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308). beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone.		3.4370extended flavonoid;
naphtho-gamma-pyrone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist
bicalutamide
bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.		7.610(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502
bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.		2.1310biphenyls;
imidazoles
bisacodyl
Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)		2.1310diarylmethane
bml 190
indomethacin morpholinylamide: an inverse agonist of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor		2.4420N-acylindole
brimonidine
[no description available]		2.7530imidazoles;
quinoxaline derivative;
secondary amine		adrenergic agonist;
alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent
bu 224
BU 224: a selective imidazoline 2-receptor blocker		2.0510quinolines
bufexamac
Bufexamac: A benzeneacetamide with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic action. It is administered topically, orally, or rectally.. bufexamac : A hydroxamic acid derived from phenylacetamide in which the benzene moiety is substituted at C-4 by a butoxy group. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties.		2.1310aromatic ether;
hydroxamic acid		antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
bumetanide
[no description available]		2.4720amino acid;
benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		diuretic;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bupivacaine
Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.		7.1710aromatic amide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
tertiary amino compound
busulfan
[no description available]		3.0440methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
insect sterilant;
teratogenic agent
butacaine
butacaine: was MH 1965-92; BUTAPROBENZ & BUTOCAIN were see BUTACAINE 1978-92; use 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID to search BUTACAINE 1966-92		2.1310benzoate ester
butamben
butamben: structure. butamben : An amino acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-aminobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Its local anaesthetic properties have been used for surface anaesthesia of the skin and mucous membranes, and for relief of pain and itching associated with some anorectal disorders.		2.1310amino acid ester;
benzoate ester;
primary amino compound;
substituted aniline		local anaesthetic
caffeine
[no description available]		9.47201purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		5.33160aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
beta-glycerophosphoric acid
beta-glycerophosphoric acid: plays role in mineralization of bone in vitro. glycerol 2-phosphate : A glycerol monophosphate having the phosphate group at the 2-position.		2.1310glycerol monophosphateEscherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
camostat
camostat : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-guanidinobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate. It is a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and its mesylate salt is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients.		2.610benzoate ester;
carboxylic ester;
diester;
guanidines;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifibrinolytic drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
serine protease inhibitor
camphor, (+-)-isomer
[no description available]		2.610bornane monoterpenoid;
cyclic monoterpene ketone		plant metabolite
candesartan
candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.610benzimidazolecarboxylic acid;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cannabinol
Cannabinol: A physiologically inactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L.		3.2510dibenzopyran
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.		4.5551dibenzoazepine;
ureas		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic
carbamazepine epoxide
carbamazepine epoxide: metabolite of carbamazepine; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide : An epoxide and metabolite of carbamazepine.		2.0710dibenzoazepine;
epoxide;
ureas		allergen;
drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
carbetapentane
carbetapentane: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0310benzenes
carisoprodol
Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.		2.4720carbamate estermuscle relaxant
carmustine
Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.		2.4620N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
carvedilol
[no description available]		8.9130carbazoles;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.		5.8131hydrazone;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
ionophore
celecoxib
[no description available]		5.78150organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine
Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.		4.411ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperazines		anti-allergic agent;
environmental contaminant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
cetyltrimethylammonium ion
Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups.		2.0110quaternary ammonium ion
cetylpyridinium
Cetylpyridinium: Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.		2.610pyridinium ion
cgs 12066
4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline : A pyrroloquinoxaline that is pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline bearing additional 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 4 and 7 respectively. A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT1B) full agonist, 10-fold selective over 5-HT1A and 1000-fold selective over 5-HT2C receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration.		2.0310N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
pyrroloquinoxaline		serotonergic agonist
cgs 15943
9-chloro-2-(2-furyl)-(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)quinazolin-5-imine: non-xanthine triazoloquinazoline adenosine antagonist. CGS 15943 : A member of the class of triazoloquinazolines that is [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline substited at positions 2, 5 and 9 by furan-2-yl, amino and chloro groups respectively. A potent antagonist at adenosine A1 and adenosine A2A receptors.		2.4420aromatic amine;
biaryl;
furans;
organochlorine compound;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines;
triazoloquinazoline		adenosine A1 receptor antagonist;
adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
antineoplastic agent;
central nervous system stimulant
chlorambucil
Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.		2.7530aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
chlormezanone
Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.		2.03101,3-thiazine;
lactam;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfone		antipsychotic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
muscle relaxant
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		11.09200aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.		2.0310benzothiadiazineantihypertensive agent;
diuretic
chloroxylenol
chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.		2.610monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
molluscicide
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		4.6170organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide
Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.		2.4720monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone
Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.		2.1310isoindoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone
Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		9.37411,3-benzoxazoles;
heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
organochlorine compound		muscle relaxant;
sedative
cilostamide
cilostamide: selective inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase & platelet aggregation; structure		2.4420quinolines
cilostazol
[no description available]		2.7530lactam;
tetrazoles		anticoagulant;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
fibrin modulating drug;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.		4.2450aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile		adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
cinoxacin
Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.		2.7530cinnolines;
oxacycle;
oxo carboxylic acid		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate
[no description available]		2.5220cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.		4.2540aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
clioquinol
Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		3.6380monohydroxyquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
organoiodine compound		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
chelator;
copper chelator
clofibrate
angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate		2.0310aromatic ether;
ethyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
clomipramine
Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.		2.7620dibenzoazepineanticoronaviral agent;
antidepressant;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonergic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam
Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.		3.62201,4-benzodiazepinone;
monochlorobenzenes		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clonidine
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		8.7490clonidine;
imidazoline
4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide
[no description available]		2.1310sulfonamide
clotrimazole
[no description available]		2.7330conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes		antiinfective agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cx546
1-(1,4-benzodioxan-6-ylcarbonyl)piperidine: structure in first source		2.0310
cyclothiazide
cyclothiazide: inhibits the desensitization of AMPA-type receptors; structure. cyclothiazide : 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted at positions 3, 5 and 6 by a 2-norbornen-5-yl group, chlorine, and a sulfonamide group, respectively. A thiazide diuretic, it has been used in the management of hypertension and oedema.		2.0310benzothiadiazineantihypertensive agent;
diuretic
cystamine
[no description available]		2.1710organic disulfide;
primary amino compound		EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor
dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate
dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate: structure		2.0710diester;
methyl ester
danthron
danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.		2.610dihydroxyanthraquinoneapoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
dapsone
[no description available]		7.5220substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone: ubiquinol analog. 6-decylubiquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,3-dimethoxybenzoquinone which has been substituted at positions 5 and 6 by decyl and methyl groups.		2.07101,4-benzoquinonescofactor
deferiprone
Deferiprone: A pyridone derivative and iron chelator that is used in the treatment of IRON OVERLOAD in patients with THALASSEMIA.. deferiprone : A member of the class of 4-pyridones that is pyridin-4(1H)-one substituted at positions 1 and 2 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a hydroxy group. A lipid-soluble iron-chelator used for treatment of thalassaemia.		3.13404-pyridonesiron chelator;
protective agent
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		2.7630acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
dephostatin
dephostatin: from Streptomyces sp. MJ742-NF5; structure given in first source		2.0310
dequalinium
Dequalinium: A topical bacteriostat that is available as various salts. It is used in wound dressings and mouth infections and may also have antifungal action, but may cause skin ulceration.. dequalinium : A quinolinium ion comprising decane in which one methyl hydrogen at each end of the molecule has been replaced by a 4-amino-2-methylquinolin-1-yl group.		7.0610quinolinium ionantifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiseptic drug;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor
desipramine
Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.		4.0740dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nonivamide
nonivamide: has effect on sensory neurons. nonivamide : A capsaicinoid that is the carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamine with the carboxy group of nonanoic acid. It is the active ingredient in many pepper sprays.		2.0310capsaicinoid;
phenols		lachrymator
r 59022
R 59022: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor; structure given in first source; platelet activator factor antagonist		2.0310diarylmethane
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		3.35501,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diazinon
Diazinon: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an organothiophosphorus insecticide.. diazinon : A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidine carrying an isopropyl group at position 2, a methyl group at position 6 and a (diethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4.		7.4110organic thiophosphate;
pyrimidines		acaricide;
agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
nematicide;
xenobiotic
diazoxide
Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.		2.7430benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
diuretic;
K-ATP channel agonist;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasodilator agent
dibucaine
Dibucaine: A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006). cinchocaine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions.		2.1310aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		topical anaesthetic
dibutyl phthalate
Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans.		2.1310diester;
phthalate ester		EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
plasticiser;
teratogenic agent
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		5.55120amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ddt
1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source		2.4220benzenoid aromatic compound;
chlorophenylethane;
monochlorobenzenes;
organochlorine insecticide		bridged diphenyl acaricide;
carcinogenic agent;
endocrine disruptor;
persistent organic pollutant
dichlorophen
Dichlorophen: Nontoxic laxative vermicide effective for taenia infestation. It tends to produce colic and nausea. It is also used as a veterinary fungicide, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoan. (From Merck, 11th ed.)		2.1310bridged diphenyl fungicide;
diarylmethane
dichlorvos
Dichlorvos: An organophosphorus insecticide that inhibits ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE.. dichlorvos : An alkenyl phosphate that is the 2,2-dichloroethenyl ester of dimethyl phosphate.		2.610alkenyl phosphate;
dialkyl phosphate;
organochlorine acaricide;
organophosphate insecticide		anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
3,4-dihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid
[no description available]		2.1110benzoic acids
diethyl pyrocarbonate
Diethyl Pyrocarbonate: Preservative for wines, soft drinks, and fruit juices and a gentle esterifying agent.. diethyl pyrocarbonate : The diethyl ester of dicarbonic acid.		210acyclic carboxylic anhydride
pentetic acid
Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.		2.4120pentacarboxylic acidcopper chelator
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		3.1850monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3,3'-diindolylmethane
3,3'-diindolylmethane: anti-inflammatory from edible cruciferous vegetables; a cytochrome P-450 antagonist		5.280indolesantineoplastic agent;
P450 inhibitor
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		4.911ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
diphenyleneiodonium
diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.		9.4560organic cation
benzophenone
benzophenone : The simplest member of the class of benzophenones, being formaldehyde in which both hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups.		2.0510benzophenonesphotosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
dipyridamole
Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.		3.1850piperidines;
pyrimidopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrol		adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
disopyramide
Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.		2.0310monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram
[no description available]		4.2750organic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		7.08240branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid
2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid: (D)-isomer active as an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate excitation of central neurons; (L)-isomer inactive; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0310
thiorphan
Thiorphan: A potent inhibitor of membrane metalloendopeptidase (ENKEPHALINASE). Thiorphan potentiates morphine-induced ANALGESIA and attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms.		2.0310N-acyl-amino acid
n(6),n(6)-dimethyladenine
N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenine : A tertiary amine that is adenine substituted at N-6 by geminal methyl groups.		2.2110tertiary amine
2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione : A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 3. Redox-cycling agent that induces intracellular superoxide anion formation and, depending on the concentration, induces cell proliferation, apoptosis or necrosis. Used to study the role of ROS in cell toxicity, apoptosis, and necrosis.		2.73301,4-naphthoquinones
domperidone
Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.		2.7530benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil
Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.		11.74151aromatic ether;
indanones;
piperidines;
racemate		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
nootropic agent
doxazosin
Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.		2.610aromatic amine;
benzodioxine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
vasodilator agent
droperidol
Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.		2.7530aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound		anaesthesia adjuvant;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
dipropizine
[no description available]		2.1310piperazines
dyphylline
Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.		2.1310oxopurine;
propane-1,2-diols		bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
ebselen
ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.		4.6980benzoselenazoleanti-inflammatory drug;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor;
enzyme mimic;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
genotoxin;
hepatoprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger
ellipticine
ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.		3.1750indole alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
polycyclic heteroarene		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
embelin
embelin: from Embelia fruit (Myrsinaceae). embelin : A member of the class of dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by an undecyl group at position 3. Isolated from Lysimachia punctata and Embelia ribes, it exhibits antimicrobial, antineoplastic and inhibitory activity towards hepatitis C protease.		3.9130dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinonesantimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
plant metabolite
emodin
Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.		7.63390trihydroxyanthraquinoneantineoplastic agent;
laxative;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
endosulfan
Endosulfan: A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61). endosulfan : A cyclic sulfite ester that is 1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine 3-oxide substituted by chloro groups at positions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 10.		2.0310cyclic sulfite ester;
cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide		acaricide;
agrochemical;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
persistent organic pollutant
endothall
endothall: minor descriptor (72-82); online & Index Medicus search DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS (72-82)		2.0510
enoxacin
Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.		2.05101,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
epirizole
Epirizole: 4-Methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine. A pyrimidinyl pyrazole with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity.		2.1310aromatic ether
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.		3.83110
ethacrynic acid
Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.		2.1310aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
loop diuretic
myambutol
[no description available]		2.1310amino alcohol
ethosuximide
Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.		3.8430dicarboximide;
pyrrolidinone		anticonvulsant;
geroprotector;
T-type calcium channel blocker
ethoxyresorufin
ethoxyresorufin: structure		2.730phenoxazine
ethoxzolamide
Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.		2.1310aromatic ether;
benzothiazoles;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
etidronate
Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.		2.6101,1-bis(phosphonic acid)antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
chelator
etodolac
Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.		2.4720monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
2-hexyloxybenzamide
2-hexyloxybenzamide: structure		2.610aromatic ether;
benzamides		antifungal agent
brl 42810
[no description available]		2.6102-aminopurines;
acetate ester		antiviral drug;
prodrug
felbamate
Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.		2.4720carbamate esteranticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent
4-biphenylylacetic acid
biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is substituted by a biphenyl-4-yl group. An active metabolite of fenbufen, it is used as a topical medicine to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.		2.1310biphenyls;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
felodipine
Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.		2.9740dichlorobenzene;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
fenbufen
fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.13104-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
biphenyls		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fendiline
Fendiline: Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.		2.4620diarylmethane
fenofibrate
Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE		3.85110aromatic ether;
chlorobenzophenone;
isopropyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
fexofenadine
fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.		8.0140piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
fipronil
fipronil: has low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source. fipronil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fipronil.. 5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole that is substituted at positions 1, 3, 4, and 5 by 2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, cyano, (trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl, and amino groups, respectively.		7.2510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
dichlorobenzene;
nitrile;
primary amino compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfoxide
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		8.0340conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flucytosine
Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.		2.5220aminopyrimidine;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine antifungal drug;
pyrimidone		prodrug
flufenamic acid
Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.		2.8130aromatic amino acid;
organofluorine compound		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine
[no description available]		2.8530N-alkylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil
Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.		2.7730ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
flumequine
flumequine: structure. flumequine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-flumequine. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, formerly used in veterinary medicine for stock breeding and treatment of aquacultures.. 9-fluoro-5-methyl-1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-2-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyridoquinolines that is 1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline carrying additional carboxy, methyl and fluoro substituents at positions 2, 5 and 9 respectively.		2.13103-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
pyridoquinoline;
quinolone antibiotic
fluorescite
fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.		2.0410benzoic acids;
cyclic ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
phenols;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		7.34410nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		10.1170(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.		2.9640fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluspirilene
Fluspirilene: A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.		2.4420diarylmethane
flutamide
Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.		8.1550(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
formoterol fumarate
N-[2-hydroxy-5-(1-hydroxy-2-{[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]formamide : A phenylethanoloamine having 4-hydroxy and 3-formamido substituents on the phenyl ring and an N-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl substituent.		2.4420formamides;
phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
fpl 64176
FPL 64176: an activator of L-type calcium channels; structure given in first source. FPL 64176 : 1H-Pyrrole substituted at C-2 and -5 by methyl groups, at C-3 by methoxycarbonyl and at C-4 by a 2-benzylbenzoyl group.		2.4420carboxylic ester;
pyrroles		calcium channel agonist
furafylline
[no description available]		3.8230oxopurine
furosemide
Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.		2.9740chlorobenzoic acid;
furans;
sulfonamide		environmental contaminant;
loop diuretic;
xenobiotic
fusaric acid
Fusaric Acid: A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.		2.0310aromatic carboxylic acid;
pyridines
gabapentin
Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.		2.0310gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
gabexate
Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.		2.610benzoate ester
4-amino-5-hexynoic acid
4-amino-5-hexynoic acid: structure		2.0310
gemfibrozil
[no description available]		2.1310aromatic etherantilipemic drug
gentamicin
Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.		3.4470
gliclazide
Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.		3.1650N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
radical scavenger
glimepiride
glimepiride: structure given in first source		2.0410sulfonamide
glipizide
Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		2.9640aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-sulfonylurea;
pyrazines		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
glutaral
Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.		3.2150dialdehydecross-linking reagent;
disinfectant;
fixative
glyburide
Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.		10.38210monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		anti-arrhythmia drug;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
glyphosate
glyphosate: active cpd in herbicidal formulation Roundup; inhibits EC 2.5.1.19, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase; structure. glyphosate : A phosphonic acid resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of the methyl group of methylphosphonic acid with the amino group of glycine. It is one of the most commonly used herbicides worldwide, and the only one to target the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-3-shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS).		7.1710glycine derivative;
phosphonic acid		agrochemical;
EC 2.5.1.19 (3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor;
herbicide
go 6976
[no description available]		2.0510indolocarbazole;
organic heterohexacyclic compound		EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
gossypol
Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.		9.6740
fluorometholone
[no description available]		2.1310
guaifenesin
Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.		3.2450methoxybenzenes
bis(2-guanidinoethyl)disulfide
bis(2-guanidinoethyl)disulfide: bifunctional cation; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		210
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.		2.1310isoquinolines;
N-sulfonylpiperazine		EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)piperazine
[no description available]		2.0310isoquinolines
fasudil
fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.		2.610isoquinolines;
N-sulfonyldiazepane		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
nootropic agent;
vasodilator agent
haloperidol
Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.		8.4770aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
halothane
[no description available]		3.1210haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		inhalation anaesthetic
harmaline
Harmaline: A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM.. harmaline : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond.		2.1310harmala alkaloidoneirogen
hemicholinium 3
[no description available]		2.0310morpholines
hesperetin
[no description available]		3.3110ether;
flavonoids
hexachlorophene
Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.		2.1310bridged diphenyl fungicide;
polyphenol;
trichlorobenzene		acaricide;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
miltefosine
miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.		2.610phosphocholines;
phospholipid		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunomodulator;
protein kinase inhibitor
4-fluorohexahydrosiladifenidol
[no description available]		2.0310
hexylresorcinol
[no description available]		4.1340resorcinols
beta-thujaplicin
beta-thujaplicin: structure. beta-thujaplicin : A monoterpenoid that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and an isopropyl group at position 4. Isolated from Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis obtusa, it exhibits antimicrobial activities.		3.7820cyclic ketone;
enol;
monoterpenoid		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiplasmodial drug;
plant metabolite
hexamethylene bisacetamide
N,N'-diacetyl-1,6-diaminohexane: chemical name obtained from Acta Biol Hung 1990;41(1-3):199-208		2.1310acetamides
ethidium
Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.		2.9740phenanthridinesfluorochrome;
intercalator
hycanthone
Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.		2.6320thioxanthenesmutagen;
schistosomicide drug
hydralazine
Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		2.520azaarene;
hydrazines;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
phthalazines		antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		3.0140benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide
Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.		2.1310benzothiadiazine;
thiazide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		4.89100one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
hypericin
[no description available]		2.4720
ibudilast
[no description available]		2.0310pyrazolopyridine
ibuprofen
Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine		3.5980monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
ic 261
[no description available]		2.4420indoles
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.		8.5520primary amine
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		2.7530benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
idebenone
[no description available]		8.38201,4-benzoquinones;
primary alcohol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor
ifenprodil
ifenprodil: NMDA receptor antagonist		2.0310piperidines
ifosfamide
[no description available]		7.0310ifosfamidesalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
imipramine
Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.		340dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone
Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.		2.1310bipyridinesEC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide
Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.		2.1310indoles;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
indirubin-3'-monoxime
indirubin-3'-monoxime: has antiangiogenic activity. indirubin-3'-monoxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.		2.4420
indole-3-carbinol
indole-3-carbinol: occurs in edible cruciferous vegetables. indole-3-methanol : An indolyl alcohol carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It is a constituent of the cruciferous vegetables and had anticancer activity.		6.28140indolyl alcoholantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		9.59422aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
indoprofen
Indoprofen: A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21). indoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)phenyl group. Initially used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, it was withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been subsequently found to increase production of the survival motor neuron protein.		2.6120gamma-lactam;
isoindoles;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
iodoacetamide
[no description available]		2.4220
iothalamic acid
Iothalamic Acid: A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts.		2.1310organic molecular entity
ipriflavone
ipriflavone : A member of the class of isoflavones that is isoflavone in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by an isopropoxy group. A synthetic isoflavone, it was formerly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, although a randomised controlled study failed to show any benefit. It is still used to prevent osteoporosis in post-menopausal women.		7.7730aromatic ether;
isoflavones		bone density conservation agent
iproniazid
[no description available]		4.6870carbohydrazide;
pyridines
avapro
Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.		2.610azaspiro compound;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.		2.75303-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isoflurane
Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.		2.4920organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		9.7850carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
4-piperidinecarboxylic acid
4-piperidinecarboxylic acid: structure in first source		2.4420
2-propanol
2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.		210secondary alcohol;
secondary fatty alcohol		protic solvent
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.		4.18140catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
isradipine
Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.		2.0410benzoxadiazole;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester;
methyl ester
itraconazole
[no description available]		2.6320piperazines
4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline
WHI P131: a quinazoline derivative, inhibitor of glioblastoma cell adhesion and migration		2.0310
jl 18
JL 18: a pyridobenzodiazepine derivative bioisoster of clozapine		2.4420
juglone
juglone: structure. juglone : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone with confirmed antibacterial and antitumor activities.		8.0140hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinonegeroprotector;
herbicide;
reactive oxygen species generator
nsc 664704
kenpaullone: inhibits CDK1/cyclin B; structure in first source. kenpaullone : An indolobenzazepine that is paullone in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by a bromo substituent. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta).		2.9840indolobenzazepine;
lactam;
organobromine compound		cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
ketamine
Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.		9.1120cyclohexanones;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
ketoconazole
1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.		3.4570dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
ether;
imidazoles;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen
Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.		2.7530benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
khellin
Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.		2.8230furanochromone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle		anti-asthmatic agent;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
kinetin
Kinetin: A furanyl adenine found in PLANTS and FUNGI. It has plant growth regulation effects.. cytokinin : A phytohormone that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots.. kinetin : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine carrying a (furan-2-ylmethyl) substituent at the exocyclic amino group.		2.45206-aminopurines;
furans		cytokinin;
geroprotector
kojic acid
[no description available]		5.561204-pyranones;
enol;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
skin lightening agent
kynurenic acid
Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.		2.0310monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		G-protein-coupled receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid
2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid: metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist; do not confuse AP-3 used as an abbreviation for this with enhancer-binding protein AP-3 (a trans-activator) or clathrin assembly protein AP-3. 2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid : A non-proteinogenc alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a dihydroxy(oxido)-lambda(5)-phosphanyl group.		2.0310alanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
phosphonic acids		human metabolite;
metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
lamotrigine
[no description available]		2.47201,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine		anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
lansoprazole
Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.		2.9740benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
lapachol
lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.		2.610
beta-lapachone
beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.		4.0940benzochromenone;
orthoquinones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
lavendustin a
lavendustin A: from Streptomyces griseolavendus; structure given in first source		2.0710aromatic amine
lavendustin b
[no description available]		2.0710
leflunomide
Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.		2.4720(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole
[no description available]		8.4160nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
linopirdine
linopirdine: acetylcholine releasing drug		2.4420indoles
lomefloxacin
lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.		3.5170fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
photosensitizing agent
loperamide
Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		2.5220monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperidines;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine
Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.		3.1850benzocycloheptapyridine;
ethyl ester;
N-acylpiperidine;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist
losartan
Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position		3.0540biphenylyltetrazole;
imidazoles		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
loxoprofen
loxoprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source. loxoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted into its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.		2.0310cyclopentanones;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
ly 171883
LY 171883: structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist. tomelukast : A member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group, a propyl group at position 3 and a 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy group at position 4. A leukotriene antagonist, it exhibits anti-asthmatic activity.		2.1310acetophenones;
aromatic ether;
phenols;
tetrazoles		anti-asthmatic drug;
leukotriene antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source		4.72270chromones;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound		autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
4-(dimethylamino)-n-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide
4-(dimethylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide: structure in first source. 4-(dimethylamino)-N-[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]benzamide : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid with the amino group of 7-amino-N-hydroxyheptanamide. It is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several human cancer cell lines.		2.610benzamides;
hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
mafenide
Mafenide: A sulfonamide that inhibits the enzyme CARBONIC ANHYDRASE and is used as a topical anti-bacterial agent, especially in burn therapy.		2.610aromatic amine
malathion
Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.		7.3110diester;
ethyl ester;
organic thiophosphate
maprotiline
Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.		3.5820anthracenes
edaravone
[no description available]		2.8730pyrazoloneantioxidant;
radical scavenger
mecamylamine
Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.		7.0610primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine
nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.		2.0810nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent
meclofenamic acid
Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.7730aminobenzoic acid;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenamate sodium anhydrous
[no description available]		2.4720organic sodium salt
mefenamic acid
Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.7630aminobenzoic acid;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
mefloquine hydrochloride
[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol : An organofluorine compound that consists of quinoline bearing trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 2 and 8 as well as a (2-piperidinyl)hydroxymethyl substituent at position 4.		2.0510organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinolines;
secondary alcohol
memantine
[no description available]		4.1240adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		antidepressant;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3
Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.		3.59801,4-naphthoquinones;
vitamin K		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
human urinary metabolite;
nutraceutical
mesalamine
Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.		2.7730amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metformin
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.		13.05722guanidinesenvironmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
methazolamide
Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.		2.6320sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles
methiothepin
Methiothepin: A serotonin receptor antagonist in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM used as an antipsychotic.. methiothepin : A dibenzothiepine that is 10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepine bearing additional methylthio and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 8 and 10 respectively. Potent 5-HT2 antagonist, also active as 5-HT1 antagonist. Differentiates 5-HT1D sub-types. Also displays affinity for rodent 5-HT5B, 5-HT5A, 5-HT7 and 5-HT6 receptors (pK1 values are 6.6, 7.0, 8.4 and 8.7 respectively).		2.0310aryl sulfide;
dibenzothiepine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
tertiary amino compound		antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
serotonergic antagonist
methocarbamol
Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.		2.6320aromatic ether;
carbamate ester;
secondary alcohol
methoctramine
[no description available]		2.0310aromatic ether;
tetramine		muscarinic antagonist
methoxyamine
methoxyamine: analytical reagent for aldehydes and ketones; strong irritant, can probably produce methemoglobinemia; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		7.1310organooxygen compound
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		3.5520aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
nocodazole
[no description available]		2.4420aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester;
thiophenes		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
3-Hydroxy-alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine
[no description available]		2.0310benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
methyl methanesulfonate
[no description available]		2.1310methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
mutagen
methylphenidate
Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.		8.711beta-amino acid ester;
methyl ester;
piperidines
metoclopramide
Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.		3.1210benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
gastrointestinal drug;
xenobiotic
metolazone
Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.		2.4420organochlorine compound;
quinazolines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol
Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.		2.0410aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		2.4720C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
miconazole
Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.1310dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles
milrinone
[no description available]		2.0310bipyridines;
nitrile;
pyridone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
minoxidil
Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.		2.4720dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
mitotane
Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.		2.0310diarylmethane
mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.		8.4670dihydroxyanthraquinoneanalgesic;
antineoplastic agent
ml 7
ML-7 : An N-sulfonyldiazepane resullting from the formal condensation of 5-iodo-1-naphthylsulfonic acid with one of the nitrogens of 1,4-diazepane. It is a selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.18).		2.4420N-sulfonyldiazepane;
organoiodine compound		EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor
ml 9
[no description available]		2.0510naphthalenes;
sulfonic acid derivative
moclobemide
Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.		2.6120benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
morpholines		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
molsidomine
Molsidomine: A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.. molsidomine : A member of the class of oxadiazoles that is 1,2,3-oxadiazole substituted by morpholin-4-yl and (ethoxycarbonyl)azanidyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is used as a vasodilator drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic syndrome and congestive heart failure.		2.4420ethyl ester;
morpholines;
oxadiazole;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
entinostat
[no description available]		5.1640benzamides;
carbamate ester;
primary amino compound;
pyridines;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
myristicin
myristicin: asaricin is an isomer; structure; a methylene dioxy version of elemicin;		2.0710organic molecular entitymetabolite
n-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide
N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist; structure given in first source. N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is 5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide in which one of the hydrogens of the nitrogen atom is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.		2.0310naphthalenes;
organochlorine compound;
primary amino compound;
sulfonamide
acecainide
Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.		2.1310acetamides;
benzamides		anti-arrhythmia drug
n-bromoacetamide
[no description available]		2.0310
ethylmaleimide
Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.		2.5220maleimidesanticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
fg 7142
FG 7142: benzodiazepine receptor agonist		2.4420beta-carbolines
clorgyline
Clorgyline: An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.. clorgyline : An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant.		4.3930aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
fenamic acid
fenamic acid: has chloride and potassium channel-blocking activity; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is the N-phenyl derivative of anthranilic acid. It acts as a parent skeleton for the synthesis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.		3.8330aminobenzoic acid;
secondary amino compound		membrane transport modulator
n 0840
N(6)-cyclopentyl-9-methyladenine: selective, orally active A(1) adenosine receptor antagonist		2.4420
nabumetone
Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.		2.6320methoxynaphthalene;
methyl ketone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
nafamostat
nafamostat: inhibitor of trypsin, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, plasma kallikrein & thrombin; strongly inhibits esterolytic activities of C1r & C1 esterase complement-mediated hemolysis; antineoplastic		2.610benzoic acids;
guanidines
nalidixic acid
[no description available]		2.83301,8-naphthyridine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
activins
Activins: Activins are produced in the pituitary, gonads, and other tissues. By acting locally, they stimulate pituitary FSH secretion and have diverse effects on cell differentiation and embryonic development. Activins are glycoproteins that are hetero- or homodimers of INHIBIN-BETA SUBUNITS.		2.1510
nefazodone
nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct		3.1210aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazoles		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nevirapine
Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.8130cyclopropanes;
dipyridodiazepine		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide
Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.		2.7530organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
nicardipine
Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.		7.4520benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound
niclosamide
Niclosamide: An antihelmintic that is active against most tapeworms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p48). niclosamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorosalicylic acid with the amino group of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. It is an oral anthelmintic drug approved for use against tapeworm infections.		4.140benzamides;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
salicylanilides;
secondary carboxamide		anthelminthic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiparasitic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
molluscicide;
piscicide;
STAT3 inhibitor
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		3.4470C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
niflumic acid
Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.4720aromatic carboxylic acid;
pyridines
nilutamide
[no description available]		2.0310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
imidazolidinone		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
nimesulide
nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.		3.2960aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		2.97402-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
nipecotic acid
nipecotic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotic acid : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is piperidine in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a carboxylic acid group.		2.0310beta-amino acid;
piperidinemonocarboxylic acid
nisoxetine
nisoxetine: potent inhibitor for norepinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes & brain; NM refers to (+-)-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nisoxetine : A secondary amino compound that is N-methyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine substituted at position 3 by a 2-methoxyphenoxy group.		3.1210aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant
nitidine
nitidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym NSC 146397 refers to chloride; structure		2.110phenanthridines
nitrendipine
Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.		2.9740C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin
Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.		2.4520nitroglycerolexplosive;
muscle relaxant;
nitric oxide donor;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nizatidine
[no description available]		2.04101,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound;
carboxamidine;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
cholinergic drug;
H2-receptor antagonist
nomifensine
Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.		2.0410isoquinolinesdopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol
nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)		3.1550catechols;
lignan;
tetrol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		2.4820fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cm 7116
norflutoprazepam: structure		2.1310benzodiazepine
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		3.1210organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-5-yl)-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist		2.4420nitrobenzoic acid
ns 2028
NS 2028: structure in first source		2.0310
ns 1619
NS 1619: structure given in first source. NS 1619 : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced are replaced by 2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and trifluoromethyl groups, respectively. It is an opener/activator of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (Bkca).		8.1650(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
benzimidazoles;
phenols		potassium channel opener
n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide
N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2.		4.1150aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
o(6)-benzylguanine
O(6)-benzylguanine: a suicide inhibitor of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity		2.0310
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.		3.58803-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline
olomoucine
olomoucine: inhibits protein P34CDC2. olomoucine : A 9H-purine that is substituted by a (2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilo, benzylnitrilo and a methyl group at positions 2,6 and 9, respectively. It is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.		2.73302,6-diaminopurines;
ethanolamines		EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
omeprazole
Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.		3.2250aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
osalmide
osalmide: structure		2.610organic molecular entity
oxonic acid
Oxonic Acid: Antagonist of urate oxidase.		2.07101,3,5-triazines;
monocarboxylic acid
oxaprozin
Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.44201,3-oxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxatomide
oxatomide: structure; an anti-allergic & an anti-asthmatic. oxatomide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one substituted by a 3-[4-(diphenylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at position 1. It is an anti-allergic drug.		2.4420benzimidazoles;
diarylmethane;
N-alkylpiperazine		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
oxazepam
Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.		2.04101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oxethazaine
[no description available]		2.610amino acid amide
oxidopamine
Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).		3.5880benzenetriol;
catecholamine;
primary amino compound		drug metabolite;
human metabolite;
neurotoxin
oxiracetam
oxiracetam: structure in first source		2.0310organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
oxolinic acid
quinolone antibiotic : An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.		2.0310aromatic carboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
enzyme inhibitor
oxybenzone
oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.		3.1650hydroxybenzophenone;
monomethoxybenzene		dermatologic drug;
environmental contaminant;
protective agent;
ultraviolet filter;
xenobiotic
oxybutynin
oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.		2.8830acetylenic compound;
carboxylic ester;
racemate;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
parasympatholytic
aminosalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.		2.1310aminobenzoic acid;
phenols		antitubercular agent
quinone
benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).		8401,4-benzoquinonescofactor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
fenclonine
Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin.		2.4520phenylalanine derivative
p-fluorophenylalanine
p-Fluorophenylalanine: 3-(p-Fluorophenyl)-alanine.. 4-fluorophenylalanine : A phenylalanine derivative in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a fluoro group.		2.0310fluoroamino acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
phenylalanine derivative
palmidrol
palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.		4.1240endocannabinoid;
N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine;
N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticonvulsant;
antihypertensive agent;
neuroprotective agent
pamidronate
[no description available]		3.2110phosphonoacetic acid
papaverine
Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.		420benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
dimethoxybenzene;
isoquinolines		antispasmodic drug;
vasodilator agent
1,7-dimethylxanthine
1,7-dimethylxanthine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and theobromine in animals.		2.0310dimethylxanthinecentral nervous system stimulant;
human blood serum metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pargyline
Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.		2.8330aromatic amine
patulin
Patulin: 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems.. patulin : A furopyran and lactone that is (2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has condensed with the carboxy group to give the corresponding bicyclic lactone. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it has antibiotic properties but has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic.		2.0710furopyran;
gamma-lactone;
lactol		antimicrobial agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
carcinogenic agent;
mutagen;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite
pd 169316
2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(4-pyridinyl)-1H-imidazole: p38 MAP kinase inhibitor		3.5920imidazoles
pd 98059
2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.		4.36190aromatic amine;
monomethoxyflavone		EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
pentamidine
Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.		2.4420aromatic ether;
carboxamidine;
diether		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
calmodulin antagonist;
chemokine receptor 5 antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug;
xenobiotic
pentoxifylline
[no description available]		4.1640oxopurine
perhexiline
Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.		2.610piperidinescardiovascular drug
perphenazine
Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.		2.9740N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin
Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione		2.0410acetamides;
aromatic ether		cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine
Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.		2.610diaminopyridine;
monoazo compound		anticoronaviral agent;
carcinogenic agent;
local anaesthetic;
non-narcotic analgesic
phenindione
Phenindione: An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)		2.1310aromatic ketone;
beta-diketone		anticoagulant
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		2.9740barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
phenolphthalein
Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.		7.6320phenols
phenolsulfonphthalein
Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney.		2.05102,1-benzoxathiole;
arenesulfonate ester;
phenols;
sultone		acid-base indicator;
diagnostic agent;
two-colour indicator
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		2.4110aromatic amine
4-phenylbutyric acid
4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.		2.8930monocarboxylic acidantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
prodrug
phenyl biguanide
phenyl biguanide: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenyl biguanide : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a phenyl group.		2.4420guanidinescentral nervous system drug
phenylbutazone
Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.		2.9540pyrazolidinesantirheumatic drug;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group.		2.610acyl fluorideserine proteinase inhibitor
phloretin
[no description available]		10.18140dihydrochalconesantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
picotamide
picotamide: has anticoagulant & fibrinolytic properties; structure		2.4420benzamides
pifithrin
pifithrin: a tetrahydrobenzothiazol; inhibitor of P53 that protects mice from the side effects of cancer therapy; structure in first source		7.9840aromatic ketone
pimobendan
pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source		2.610benzimidazoles;
pyridazinone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
pinacidil
Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)		3.1750pyridines
pindolol
Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.		2.0310indoles;
secondary amine		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
pioglitazone
Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		10.6761aromatic ether;
pyridines;
thiazolidinediones		antidepressant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug;
PPARgamma agonist;
xenobiotic
pipemidic acid
Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.		2.1310amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
pyridopyrimidine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperidine-4-sulfonic acid
piperidine-4-sulfonic acid: specific GABA agonist		2.0310
piracetam
Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.		3.8730organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
pirenperone
[no description available]		2.7530aromatic ketone
pj-34
PJ34 : A member of the class of phenanthridines that is 5,6-dihydrophenanthridine substituted at positions 2 and 6 by (N,N-dimethylglycyl)amino and oxo groups, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 110 nM and 86 nM, respectively) and exhibits anti-cancer, cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties.		2.5420phenanthridines;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antiatherosclerotic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
potassium chloride
Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.		3.4170inorganic chloride;
inorganic potassium salt;
potassium salt		fertilizer
4-aminobenzoic acid
para-Aminobenzoates: Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 4 of the benzene ring structure.. 4-aminobenzoate : An aromatic amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-aminobenzoic acid.		2.5220aminobenzoate;
aromatic amino-acid anion		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ag 1879
3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-amine: Fyn kinase inhibitor		3.6420aromatic amine;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazolopyrimidine		beta-adrenergic antagonist;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
pramoxine
pramoxine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pramocaine : A member of the class of morpholines that is morpholine substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 3-(4-butoxyphenoxy)propyl group.		2.0410aromatic ether;
morpholines		local anaesthetic
praziquantel
azinox: Russian drug		3.9110isoquinolines
prazosin
Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.		2.4620aromatic ether;
furans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperazines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
primidone
Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.		2.4720pyrimidoneanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
probenecid
Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.		340benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		uricosuric drug
probucol
Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.		5.0870dithioketal;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
cardiovascular drug
procaine
Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.		2.2510benzoate ester;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
drug allergen;
local anaesthetic;
peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine
Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		2.1310benzamides;
hydrazines		antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.		2.1310N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antiemetic;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine
Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.		2.0410pyrrolidines;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
muscarinic antagonist
proglumide
Proglumide: A drug that exerts an inhibitory effect on gastric secretion and reduces gastrointestinal motility. It is used clinically in the drug therapy of gastrointestinal ulcers.. proglumide : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-proglumide. A non-selective CCK antagonist that was used primarily for treatment of stomach ulcers, but has been replaced by newer drugs.. N(2)-benzoyl-N,N-dipropyl-alpha-glutamine : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of N-benzoylglutamic acid with dippropylamine.		2.0310benzamides;
dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
glutamine derivative;
racemate		anti-ulcer drug;
cholecystokinin antagonist;
cholinergic antagonist;
delta-opioid receptor agonist;
drug metabolite;
gastrointestinal drug;
opioid analgesic;
xenobiotic metabolite
promazine
Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.		2.8330phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
promethazine
Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.		2.610phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
propafenone
Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.		2.0410aromatic ketone;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
propentofylline
[no description available]		2.4420oxopurine
propidium
Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.		3.5680phenanthridines;
quaternary ammonium ion		fluorochrome;
intercalator
propofol
Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.		7.4620phenolsanticonvulsant;
antiemetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
radical scavenger;
sedative
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		9.6880naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
propyl gallate
Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.		8.1450trihydroxybenzoic acid
protoporphyrin ix
protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins.		2.5220
proxyphylline
[no description available]		2.1310oxopurine
pseudohypericin
pseudohypericin: structure given in first source		2.0610
pyrimethamine
Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds		2.1310aminopyrimidine;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
raloxifene
raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.		3.54201-benzothiophenes;
aromatic ketone;
N-oxyethylpiperidine;
phenols		bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine
[no description available]		2.0410aralkylamine
resorcinol
resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.		10.0970benzenediol;
phenolic donor;
resorcinols		erythropoietin inhibitor;
sensitiser
pf 5901
alpha-pentyl-3-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)benzenemethanol: structure given in first source; platelet activating factor antagonist		2.7530quinolines
riluzole
Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.		4.5551benzothiazoles
rimantadine
Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.		3.8220alkylamine
risperidone
Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.		10.32621,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
ritanserin
Ritanserin: A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.. ritanserin : A thiazolopyrimidine that is 5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one which is substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 2-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]piperidin-1-yl}ethyl group. A potent and long-acting seratonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonist of the subtype 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.39 nM), it is used in the treatment of a variety of disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. It has little sedative action.		2.9740organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
thiazolopyrimidine		antidepressant;
antipsychotic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist
ro 31-8220
Ro 31-8220: a protein kinase C inhibitor		2.0510imidothiocarbamic ester;
indoles;
maleimides		EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone
4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone: Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.		2.0310methoxybenzenes
rofecoxib
[no description available]		4.570butenolide;
sulfone		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rolipram
[no description available]		3.790pyrrolidin-2-onesantidepressant;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
ronidazole
Ronidazole: Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial agent used mainly in veterinary practice.. ronidazole : A carbamate ester that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by methyl and (carbamoyloxy)methyl groups, respectively. An antiprotozoal agent, it is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of histomoniasis and swine dysentery.		2.1310C-nitro compound;
carbamate ester;
imidazoles		antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
saccharin
Saccharin: Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.. saccharin : A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent.		2.58201,2-benzisothiazole;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		environmental contaminant;
sweetening agent;
xenobiotic
salicylamide
salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source		2.1310phenols;
salicylamides		antirheumatic drug;
non-narcotic analgesic
salmeterol xinafoate
salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.		2.0310ether;
phenols;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
sanguinarine
benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.		2.4920alkaloid antibiotic;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent
sb 202190
4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole: structure given in first source; inhibits p38 MAP kinase		4.2650imidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
phenols;
pyridines		apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid
suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid: antineoplastic, Histone Deacetylase inhibitor		3.2510hydroxamic acid
scriptaid
scriptide: provokes translocation of GLUT4 to increase glucose uptake; structure in first source		3.7620isoquinolines
sebacic acid
sebacic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane.		2.610alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
secobarbital
Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.		3.1210barbituratesanaesthesia adjuvant;
GABA modulator;
sedative
sevoflurane
Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.		3.3350ether;
organofluorine compound		central nervous system depressant;
inhalation anaesthetic;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
linsidomine
linsidomine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.4420morpholines
sobuzoxane
sobuzoxane: used in treatment of leukemia L1210		2.0310organic molecular entity
sodium fluoride
[no description available]		3.3660fluoride saltmutagen
sotalol
Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.		2.0410ethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
sulfonamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt
sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.		3.5110organic sodium saltEC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
orphan drug;
prodrug
spiperone
Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.		2.1310aromatic ketone;
azaspiro compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
aldactazide
[no description available]		2.1310steroid lactone
spiroxatrine
spiroxatrine: structure		2.4420imidazolidines
fenofibrate
[no description available]		4.3150benzochromenone;
delta-lactone;
naphtho-alpha-pyrone		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
Sir2 inhibitor
sq 22536
9-(tetrahydrofuryl)adenine : A nucleoside analogue that is adenine in which the nitrogen at position 9 has been substituted by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. It is an adenylate cyclase inhibitor.		2.0310nucleoside analogue;
oxolanes		EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
stearic acid
octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.		7.8930long-chain fatty acid;
saturated fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
imatinib
[no description available]		2.610aromatic amine;
benzamides;
N-methylpiperazine;
pyridines;
pyrimidines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
streptonigrin
[no description available]		2.520pyridines;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
vorinostat
Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).		5.790dicarboxylic acid diamide;
hydroxamic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
sulfabenzamide
sulfabenzamide : A sulfonamide containing a benzamido substituent on nitrogen. An antibacterial/antimicrobial, it is often used in conjunction with sulfathiazole and sulfacetamide as a topical, intravaginal antibacterial preparation.		2.1310benzenes;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial drug
sulfacetamide
Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.		2.1310N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
substituted aniline		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine
Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.		2.1310aromatic ether;
pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfamerazine
[no description available]		2.1310pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen
sulfamethazine
Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.1310pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ligand;
xenobiotic
sulfamethizole
Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.		2.1310sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		2.1310isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfamethoxypyridazine
Sulfamethoxypyridazine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfamethoxypyridazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridazine having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		2.1310pyridazines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfanitran
[no description available]		2.0410sulfonamide
sulfaphenazole
Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.		2.7630primary amino compound;
pyrazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
sulfasalazine
Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.		7.7730
sulfinpyrazone
Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.		2.0410pyrazolidines;
sulfoxide		uricosuric drug
sulfobromophthalein
Sulfobromophthalein: A phenolphthalein that is used as a diagnostic aid in hepatic function determination.		2.04102-benzofurans;
organobromine compound;
organosulfonic acid;
phenols		dye
sulforaphane
sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.		9.21320isothiocyanate;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
sulpiride
Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.		2.4520benzamides;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfonamide		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		3.620aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
suramin
Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.		9.850naphthalenesulfonic acid;
phenylureas;
secondary carboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antinematodal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
GABA antagonist;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
purinergic receptor P2 antagonist;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
trypanocidal drug
t0156
[no description available]		2.4420naphthyridine derivative
1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene
1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene: potent phenobarbital-like inducer of microsomal monooxygenase activity; structure given in first source		2.0310
tegafur
[no description available]		2.1310organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
temozolomide
[no description available]		5.08120imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
terazosin
Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia		2.4820furans;
piperazines;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
terfenadine
Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.		3.4670diarylmethane
tetraethylammonium
Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)		3.5580quaternary ammonium ion
tetrahydropapaverine
tetrahydropapaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is norlaudanosoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.		2.0710aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline;
polyether;
secondary amino compound
tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide
Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide: N,N',N'',N'''-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide. A specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. It is commonly used experimentally to determine whether pseudo- or acetylcholinesterases are involved in an enzymatic process.		2.4420phosphoramide
thalidomide
Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.		4.0840phthalimides;
piperidones
theobromine
Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator.		2.4620dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
bronchodilator agent;
food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
thiabendazole
Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate		2.13101,3-thiazoles;
benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
antinematodal drug
2,4-thiazolidinedione
thiazolidine-2,4-dione: structure in first source. 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione : A thiazolidenedione carrying oxo substituents at positions 2 and 4.		3.1710thiazolidenedione
thioridazine
Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.		2.0410phenothiazines;
piperidines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa
Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).		3.1210aziridines
ticlopidine
Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.		3.620monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
hematologic agent;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tinidazole
Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.		2.4820imidazolesantiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate
8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate: intracellular calcium antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0310trihydroxybenzoic acid
tolazamide
Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		2.4720N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide
Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.		2.9640N-sulfonylureahuman metabolite;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
potassium channel blocker
tolmetin
Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.		2.0110aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
pyrroles		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate
[no description available]		2.1310monothiocarbamic esterantifungal drug
(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid
(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid: a GABA-C receptor antagonist; structure in first source		2.0310
ici 136,753
[no description available]		2.4420pyrazolopyridine
ultram
2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.		2.0410aromatic ether;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
trapidil
Trapidil: A coronary vasodilator agent.		2.1310triazolopyrimidines
triamterene
Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.		2.7830pteridinesdiuretic;
sodium channel blocker
trichlormethiazide
Trichlormethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830). trichlormethiazide : A benzothiadiazine, hydrogenated at positions 2, 3 and 4 and substituted with an aminosulfonyl group at C-7, a chloro substituent at C-6 and a dichloromethyl group at C-3 and with S-1 as an S,S-dioxide. A sulfonamide antibiotic, it is used as a diuretic to treat oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension.		2.1310benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide antibiotic		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
triclosan
[no description available]		2.0610aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
fungicide;
persistent organic pollutant;
xenobiotic
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		2.4420N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine
Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.		2.610organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
trifluralin
Trifluralin: A microtubule-disrupting pre-emergence herbicide.. trifluralin : A substituted aniline that is N,N-dipropylaniline substituted by a nitro groups at positions 2 and 6 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is an agrochemical used as a pre-emergence herbicide.		7.1310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
substituted aniline		agrochemical;
environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
trigonelline
trigonelline: in hydra among other organisms; RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt; structure. N-methylnicotinic acid : A pyridinium ion consisting of nicotinic acid having a methyl substituent on the pyridine nitrogen.. N-methylnicotinate : An iminium betaine that is the conjugate base of N-methylnicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.		2.610alkaloid;
iminium betaine		food component;
human urinary metabolite;
plant metabolite
trimethadione
Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.		3.1310oxazolidinoneanticonvulsant;
geroprotector
trimethobenzamide
trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.		2.610benzamides;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic
trimethoprim
Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.		3.1850aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trioxsalen
Trioxsalen: Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.. lactone : Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.. antipsoriatic : A drug used to treat psoriasis.. trioxsalen : 7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis.		2.0710psoralensdermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent
troglitazone
Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.		2.7630chromanes;
thiazolidinone		anticoagulant;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
tropicamide
Tropicamide: One of the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS with pharmacologic action similar to ATROPINE and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic.		2.0310acetamides
tyramine
[no description available]		2.8230monoamine molecular messenger;
primary amino compound;
tyramines		EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
tyrphostin a9
[no description available]		2.7830alkylbenzenegeroprotector
delavirdine
Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		3.620aminopyridine;
indolecarboxamide;
N-acylpiperazine;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
urethane
[no description available]		2.2110carbamate esterfungal metabolite;
mutagen
usnic acid
[no description available]		2.1310benzofurans
vesamicol
vesamicol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.1310piperidines
vesnarinone
[no description available]		2.610organic molecular entity
vigabatrin
[no description available]		2.0310gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
vinca
Vinca: A plant genus of the family Apocynaceae.		2.2110alkaloid
w 7
W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist		2.110
pirinixic acid
pirinixic acid: structure		2.110aryl sulfide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrimidines
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist		2.4420
xanthurenic acid
xanthurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at C-4 and C-8.		7.0110dihydroxyquinoline;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		animal metabolite;
iron chelator;
metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist;
vesicular glutamate transport inhibitor
xylazine
Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.		2.13101,3-thiazine;
methylbenzene;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
analgesic;
emetic;
muscle relaxant;
sedative
1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate
1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate: structure given in first source; inhibits DMBA-induced carcinogenesis by inhibiting DMBA-DNA adduct formation		3.2510
3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole
3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole: antineoplastic; activates platelet guanylate cyclase; a radiosensitizing agent and guanylate cyclase activator; structure in first source. lificiguat : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole which is substituted by a benzyl group at position 1 and a 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl group at position 3. It is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits platelet aggregation.		2.4420aromatic primary alcohol;
furans;
indazoles		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
soluble guanylate cyclase activator;
vasodilator agent
zardaverine
zardaverine: structure given in first source. zardaverine : A pyridazinone derivative in which pyridazin-3(2H)-one is substituted at C-6 with a 4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl group. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, selective for PDE3 and 4.		2.0310organofluorine compound;
pyridazinone		anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
peripheral nervous system drug
zinc chloride
zinc chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. zinc dichloride : A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn(2+) ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions.		2.2510inorganic chloride;
zinc molecular entity		astringent;
disinfectant;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
Lewis acid
zonisamide
Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization.. zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position.		3.21101,2-benzoxazoles;
sulfonamide		anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
central nervous system drug;
protective agent;
T-type calcium channel blocker
zopiclone
zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.		2.1310monochloropyridine;
pyrrolopyrazine		central nervous system depressant;
sedative
hydrocortisone acetate
hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.1310cortisol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate
Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.		2.0310corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		8.5680mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
oxyphenonium bromide
[no description available]		2.1310
corticosterone
[no description available]		4.8530011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
prednisolone
Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.		3.245011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
reserpine
Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.		8.4470alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
yohimban alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
first generation antipsychotic;
plant metabolite;
xenobiotic
cephaloridine
Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.		2.0210beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
phentolamine
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.1310imidazoles;
phenols;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
sorbitol
D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).		2.6320glucitolcathartic;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food humectant;
human metabolite;
laxative;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
thymidine
[no description available]		4.5490pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
floxuridine
Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.		2.1310nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide
[no description available]		2.0110benzodioxolespesticide synergist
procaine hydrochloride
Gerovital H3: Contains mainly procaine & small amounts of benzoic acid, potassium metabisulfite & disodium phosphate		2.0310organic molecular entity
benzimidazole
1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole.		4.1420benzimidazole;
polycyclic heteroarene
isoproterenol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420catechols
hydroxyproline
Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.		3.33604-hydroxyproline;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
histamine dihydrochloride
Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.		2.0310
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.		3.791002-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
neostigmine methylsulfate
[no description available]		2.1310arylammonium sulfate saltEC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
carbachol
Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.		2.7730ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
spironolactone
Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.		2.98403-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid lactone;
thioester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
prednisolone acetate
prednisolone acetate: RN given refers to cpd with locant for acetate group in position 21 & (11 beta)-isomer		2.1310corticosteroid hormone
aldosterone
[no description available]		2.462011beta-hydroxy steroid;
18-oxo steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
mineralocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
steroid aldehyde		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.		210non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine		antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen
trichlorfon
Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.1310organic phosphonate;
organochlorine compound;
phosphonic ester		agrochemical;
anthelminthic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide
cysteine
[no description available]		2.4110cysteine zwitterion;
cysteine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite
prednisone
Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.		2.492011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
estrone
Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.		9.35017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
phenolic steroid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
androsterone
[no description available]		2.984017-oxo steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid;
C19-steroid		androgen;
anticonvulsant;
human blood serum metabolite;
human metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
pheromone
dehydroepiandrosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.		4.084017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
promazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochloride
1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.2510ortho-fused polycyclic arenemutagen
dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole
Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole: An RNA polymerase II transcriptional inhibitor. This compound terminates transcription prematurely by selective inhibition of RNA synthesis. It is used in research to study underlying mechanisms of cellular regulation.		2.0110
azauridine
Azauridine: A triazine nucleoside used as an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with pyrimidine biosynthesis thereby preventing formation of cellular nucleic acids. As the triacetate, it is also effective as an antipsoriatic.		2.1310N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazineantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite
penicillin g
Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
epitope
idoxuridine
[no description available]		2.8730organoiodine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
pilocarpine hydrochloride
pilocarpine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of (+)-pilocarpine, a medication used to treat increased pressure inside the eye and dry mouth.		2.7630hydrochloride
dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide
Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide: A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.		2.7530N-arylpiperazine;
organic iodide salt;
piperazinium salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
pentylenetetrazole
Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.		3.93110organic heterobicyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.		3.46702-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
diethylnitrosamine
Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.		3.360nitrosaminecarcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
mutagen
racepinephrine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
(4-(m-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium chloride
(4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride: A drug that selectively activates certain subclasses of muscarinic receptors and also activates postganglionic nicotinic receptors. It is commonly used experimentally to distinguish muscarinic receptor subtypes.		2.4420
hexamethonium bromide
[no description available]		2.0310
cystamine dihydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
carbon tetrachloride
Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.		9.02130chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant
cantharidin
Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.		2.9640cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
monoterpenoid		EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
herbicide
tetraethylammonium chloride
tetraethylammonium chloride : A quarternary ammonium chloride salt in which the cation has four ethyl substituents around the central nitrogen.		2.4420organic chloride salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		potassium channel blocker
alanine
Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.		9.6851alanine zwitterion;
alanine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite
serine
Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.		4.45210L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone acetate
Desoxycorticosterone Acetate: The 21-acetate derivative of desoxycorticosterone.		3.0640corticosteroid hormone
benz(a)anthracene
benz(a)anthracene: 4 fused rings of which one is angular in contrast to the linear NAPHTHACENES. tetraphene : An angular ortho-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings.		2.0310ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
tetraphenes
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide
4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4.		2.9840C-nitro compound;
quinoline N-oxide		carcinogenic agent
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		3.620C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.		2.7630aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.		6.25121amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.		4.96130aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
benzyltrimethylammonium chloride
[no description available]		2.1310
allyl isothiocyanate
allyl isothiocyanate: used in the manufacture of flavors, war gases; medical use as a counterirritant; structure. allyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate with the formula CH2=CHCH2N=C=S. A colorless oil with boiling point 152degreeC, it is responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi.		2.5220alkenyl isothiocyanate;
isothiocyanate		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
lachrymator;
metabolite
dimazine
dimazine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,1-dimethylhydrazine : A member of the class of hydrazines that is hydrazine substituted by two methyl groups at position 1.		2.1710hydrazinescarcinogenic agent;
fuel;
teratogenic agent
vincristine
[no description available]		2.4420acetate ester;
formamides;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
physostigmine
Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.		2.7430carbamate ester;
indole alkaloid		antidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
miotic
sucrose
Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.		4.41190glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		4.416017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.		5.62230ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
tetraphenes		carcinogenic agent
apomorphine
Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.		3.360aporphine alkaloidalpha-adrenergic drug;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
emetic;
serotonergic drug
promethazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochlorideanti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
tetrabenazine
9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.		3.2110benzoquinolizine;
cyclic ketone;
tertiary amino compound
adenosine diphosphate
Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.		9.7890adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate		fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
triphenylethylene
[no description available]		2.110stilbenoid
uridine
[no description available]		2.6320uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
uridine diphosphate
Uridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety.		2.5820pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate;
uridine 5'-phosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		3.4260kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
bromodeoxyuridine
Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.		3.3160pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
galactose
galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.		4.21150D-galactose;
galactopyranose		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
carbostyril
Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		2.830monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
phenylephrine
Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		3.7190phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
mydriatic agent;
nasal decongestant;
protective agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa
Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease		9.87100amino acid zwitterion;
dopa;
L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		allelochemical;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
tolazoline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310benzenes
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.		4.3641ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector
tributyrin
tributyrin: structure. tributyrin : A triglyceride obtained by formal acylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol by butyric acid.		7.0810butyrate ester;
triglyceride		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
prodrug;
protective agent
p-dimethylaminoazobenzene
p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene: A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)		2.0510azobenzenes
phenylethyl alcohol
Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.		7.98251benzenes;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
fragrance;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.		9.09403amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
cysteamine
Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.		3.710amine;
thiol		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride
acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.		2.1310quaternary ammonium salt
veratramine
veratramine: structure. veratramine : A piperidine alkaloid comprising the 14,15,16,17-tetradehydro derivative of veratraman having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 23-positions.		2.0710piperidine alkaloid
phlorhizin
[no description available]		340aryl beta-D-glucoside;
dihydrochalcones;
monosaccharide derivative		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
acepromazine
Acepromazine: A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.. acepromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by an acetyl group at position 2 and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at position 10.		2.0810aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amino compound		phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
methoxamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530dimethoxybenzene
adenosine monophosphate
Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.		3.8830adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		adenosine A1 receptor agonist;
cofactor;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
papaverine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.9840
methicillin
Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.		2.6120penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
methylene blue
Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.		11.3961organic chloride saltacid-base indicator;
antidepressant;
antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor;
fluorochrome;
histological dye;
neuroprotective agent;
physical tracer
bretylium tosylate
Bretylium Tosylate: An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.. bretylium tosylate : The tosylate salt of bretylium. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.		2.7530organosulfonate salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent
zoxazolamine
Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.		2.610benzoxazole
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.		13.23131amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
berlition
berlition: antioxidant preparation containing alpha-lipoic acid, used in the neuroprotective therapy of chronic brain ischemia for correction of free-radical processes. (R)-lipoic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties.. lipoic acid : A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.		2.0310dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
lipoic acid;
thia fatty acid		cofactor;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group
methacholine chloride
Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)		2.4720quaternary ammonium salt
aniline
[no description available]		2.5120anilines;
primary arylamine
dimethylnitrosamine
Dimethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.		2.9640nitrosaminegeroprotector;
mutagen
androstenedione
Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.		3.165017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
lactose
Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.		7.5720lactose
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.		5.42100aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.		3.91110
phenylalanine
Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.		3.7790amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
phenylalanine;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone
Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE		2.492020-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
mineralocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
colchicine
(S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.		5.81160alkaloid;
colchicine		anti-inflammatory agent;
gout suppressant;
mutagen
yohimbine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7430
gallamine triethiodide
Gallamine Triethiodide: A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)		2.0310
cytidine
[no description available]		2.0310cytidinesEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
oxacillin
Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.		2.4620penicillinantibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		8.86110antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
ficusin
Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.		3.930psoralensplant metabolite
egtazic acid
Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.		3.360diether;
tertiary amino compound;
tetracarboxylic acid		chelator
chloroform
Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.		2.0510chloromethanes;
one-carbon compound		carcinogenic agent;
central nervous system drug;
inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant
fluocinolone acetonide
Fluocinolone Acetonide: A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluocinolone acetonide : A fluorinated steroid that is flunisolide in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by fluorine. A corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used (both as the anhydrous form and as the dihydrate) in creams, gels and ointments for the treatment of various skin disorders.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipruritic drug
gliotoxin
Gliotoxin: A fungal toxin produced by various species of Trichoderma, Gladiocladium fimbriatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium. It is used as an immunosuppressive agent.. gliotoxin : A pyrazinoindole with a disulfide bridge spanning a dioxo-substituted pyrazine ring; mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi.		2.5520dipeptide;
organic disulfide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
pyrazinoindole		antifungal agent;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
proteasome inhibitor
norethindrone
Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.		2.171017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary alcohol		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel
Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.		2.1310oxo steroid
cycloserine
Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).		2.03104-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone
17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.		2.753017alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
progestin
quinacrine monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
chlorpromazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochloride;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
tubercidin
Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus.		2.5720antibiotic antifungal agent;
N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine;
ribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.1310beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mannitol
[no description available]		2.1510mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
cytarabine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4720
cytarabine
[no description available]		5.9171beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine
Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.		2.6320nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
ornithine
Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5.		2.0310non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
ornithine		algal metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
mouse metabolite
dinitrofluorobenzene
Dinitrofluorobenzene: Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.. 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : The organofluorine compound that is benzene with a fluoro substituent at the 1-position and two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions.		2.4820C-nitro compound;
organofluorine compound		agrochemical;
allergen;
chromatographic reagent;
EC 2.7.3.2 (creatine kinase) inhibitor;
protein-sequencing agent;
spectrophotometric reagent
asparagine
Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group.		2.4620amino acid zwitterion;
asparagine;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-hydroxypropiophenone
[no description available]		2.1310acetophenones
histidine
Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.		8.6430amino acid zwitterion;
histidine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
medroxyprogesterone acetate
[no description available]		2.552020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
corticosteroid;
steroid ester		adjuvant;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
female contraceptive drug;
inhibitor;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
veratridine
[no description available]		2.0710steroidsodium channel modulator
sulfobromophthalein sodium
bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.		2.0410organic sodium saltdye
isopropamide iodide
isopropamide iodide: was heading 1965-94; use AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS to search ISOPROPAMIDE IODIDE 1966-94		2.1310diarylmethane
valine
Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.		3.8930L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid;
valine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
threonine
Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.830amino acid zwitterion;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
threonine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol
[no description available]		2.131017beta-hydroxy steroid;
aromatic ether;
terminal acetylenic compound		prodrug;
xenoestrogen
alizarin
[no description available]		3.7620dihydroxyanthraquinonechromophore;
dye;
plant metabolite
cordycepin
[no description available]		2.25103'-deoxyribonucleoside;
adenosines		antimetabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		5.98120erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
isoleucine
Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine.		8.9330aspartate family amino acid;
isoleucine;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lidocaine hydrochloride
lidocaine hydrochloride : The anhydrous form of the hydrochloride salt of lidocaine.		2.7530hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug;
local anaesthetic
nifenalol
nifenalol: adrenergic beta-blocker with good antiarrhythmic properties; also tends to lower blood pressure & provide protection against angina; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ETHANOLAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		1.9710C-nitro compound
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.		8.15273arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
ethylene
Plastipore: high density polyethylene sponge biocompatible material; used as posts in dental bridges		2.4420alkene;
gas molecular entity		plant hormone;
refrigerant
acetylene
[no description available]		3.5620alkyne;
gas molecular entity;
terminal acetylenic compound
boranes
Boranes: The collective name for the boron hydrides, which are analogous to the alkanes and silanes. Numerous boranes are known. Some have high calorific values and are used in high-energy fuels. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). borane : The simplest borane, consisting of a single boron atom carrying three hydrogens.. boranes : The molecular hydrides of boron.		2.4920boranes;
mononuclear parent hydride
propane
Propane: A three carbon alkane with the formula H3CCH2CH3.		2.610alkane;
gas molecular entity		food propellant
acetonitrile
acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.		2.7330aliphatic nitrile;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
polar aprotic solvent
2-bromopropane
2-bromopropane: used as a substitute for freon		7.0610
tert-butylhydroperoxide
tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.. tert-butyl hydroperoxide : An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl. It is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.		9.13150alkyl hydroperoxideantibacterial agent;
oxidising agent
triamcinolone acetonide
Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
gibberellic acid
gibberellic acid: RN given refers to (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-isomer; structure. gibberellin A3 : A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi,it differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of a double bond between C-3 and C-4.		2.0710C19-gibberellin;
gibberellin monocarboxylic acid;
lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
phencyclidine
Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.		3.620benzenes;
piperidines		anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug
tromethamine
Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)		2.0510primary amino compound;
triol		buffer
trichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.		8.5920chloroethenesinhalation anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite
acrylamide
[no description available]		3.4870acrylamides;
N-acylammonia;
primary carboxamide		alkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
Maillard reaction product;
mutagen;
neurotoxin
acrylic acid
acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group.		7.830alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acidmetabolite
dichloroacetic acid
[no description available]		7.5720monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		astringent;
marine metabolite
pantothenic acid
Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.		4.1910pantothenic acid;
vitamin B5		antidote to curare poisoning;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite
bisphenol a
4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.		5.65220bisphenolendocrine disruptor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic;
xenoestrogen
cumene hydroperoxide
cumene hydroperoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd. cumene hydroperoxide : A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group.		3.5320peroxolenvironmental contaminant;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
oxidising agent
dehydrocholic acid
Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.		2.131012-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-5beta-steroid;
7-oxo steroid;
oxo-5beta-cholanic acid		gastrointestinal drug
taurocholic acid
Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.		3.5680amino sulfonic acid;
bile acid taurine conjugate		human metabolite
purpurin
purpurin: from Rubiaceae plants; structure in first source. purpurin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone derived from anthracene by substitution with oxo groups at C-9 and C-10 and with hydroxy groups at C-1, C-2 and C-4.		3.2510trihydroxyanthraquinonebiological pigment;
histological dye;
plant metabolite
visnagin
visnagin: from Musineon divaricatum. visnagin : A furanochromone that is furo[3,2-g]chromen-5-one which is substituted at positions 4 and 7 by methoxy and methyl groups, respectively. Found in the toothpick-plant, Ammi visnaga.		2.0710aromatic ether;
furanochromone;
polyketide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 1.1.1.37 (malate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.		8.45706-methylprednisolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antiemetic;
environmental contaminant;
neuroprotective agent;
xenobiotic
vitamin k5
vitamin k5: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4110naphthols
lawsone
lawsone: a molluscacide from leaves of Lawsonia inermis L. topical sunscreening agent; structure; powdered leaves of Lawsonia inermis(Lythraceae) used as brown hair dye. lawsone : 1,4-Naphthoquinone carrying a hydroxy function at C-2. It is obtained from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis.		2.1310
rotenone
Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.		4.36180organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
phytogenic insecticide;
piscicide;
toxin
skimmianine
skimmianine: furanoquinoline alkaloid from Teclea (RUTACEAE)		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
9,10-phenanthrenequinone
9,10-phenanthrenequinone: structure		2.1310phenanthrenes
syrosingopine
syrosingopine: was heading 1963-94; SYRINGOPINE was see SYROSINGOPINE 1977-94; use RESERPINE to search SYROSINGOPINE 1966-94		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
9,10-anthraquinone
9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.		2.610anthraquinone
diquat
Diquat: A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). diquat : The organic cation formed formally by addition of an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine. Most often available as the dibromide.		4.3331organic cationdefoliant;
herbicide
pyocyanine
Pyocyanine: Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. pyocyanine : An iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group. An antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.		2.5220iminium betaine;
phenazines		antibacterial agent;
bacterial metabolite;
biological pigment;
virulence factor
carbazole
carbazole: structure in first source		2.1710carbazole
salicylanilide
salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide.		2.610benzanilide fungicide;
salicylamides;
salicylanilides
gramine
gramine : An aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3.		2.5720aminoalkylindole;
indole alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source		3.5670pyrrolidin-2-ones
2-toluenesulfonamide
2-toluenesulfonamide: saccharin impurity; starting material for preparation of saccharin; structure		2.1110
2-nitroaniline
[no description available]		3.3510
thymol
Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.		3.2710monoterpenoid;
phenols		volatile oil component
1-naphthylphenylamine
N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine: RN given refers to 1-naphthylamine cpd; structure		2.0810naphthalenes
anthrone
anthrone: used in colorimetric determination of sugar & animal starch in body fluids; structure. anthrone : A member of the class of anthracenes that is 9,10-dihydroanthracene carrying an oxo group at C-9.		2.0510anthracenoneradical scavenger
aminacrine
Aminacrine: A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.. 9-aminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by an amino group. A fluorescent dyd and topical antiseptic agent, it is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) in eye drops for the treatment of superficial eye infections.		2.8430aminoacridines;
primary amino compound		acid-base indicator;
antiinfective agent;
antiseptic drug;
fluorescent dye;
MALDI matrix material;
mutagen
xanthone
xanthone : The parent compound of the xanthone class consisting of xanthene bearing a single oxo substituent at position 9.		2.1710xanthonesinsecticide
quinoxalines
quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.		3.5880mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
naphthyridine;
ortho-fused heteroarene
quinoline
[no description available]		2.3110azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinolines
diphenyl
diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure		2.6320aromatic fungicide;
benzenes;
biphenyls		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative
4-phenylphenol
4-phenylphenol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. biphenyl-4-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl carrying a hydroxy group at position 4.		2.1510hydroxybiphenyls
xanthenes
Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.		2.4220xanthene
phenothiazine
10H-phenothiazine : The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.		2.1310phenothiazineferroptosis inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
benzidine
benzidine: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl in which the hydrogen at the para-position of each phenyl group has been replaced by an amino group.		210biphenyls;
substituted aniline		carcinogenic agent
4-nitrobiphenyl
4-nitrobiphenyl: structure given in first source		2.1510biphenyls
acetyleugenol
acetyleugenol: from cloves; inhibits arachidonate-, adrenaline-, & collagen-induced platelet aggregation		2.0210benzoate ester;
phenols
1-phenylpropanol
1-phenylpropanol: structure in first source		2.1510organic molecular entity
mecoprop
mecoprop: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl group.. mecoprop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mecoprop.		2.1310aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes
benzanilide
[no description available]		2.4620
synephrine
[no description available]		2.0310ethanolamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenols		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
plant metabolite
propylparaben
Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)		3.6120benzoate ester;
paraben;
phenols		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent
benzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.		2.4920carbonyl compound
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.. (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.		2.1310chlorophenoxyacetic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		environmental contaminant;
phenoxy herbicide;
synthetic auxin
benzothiophene
[no description available]		2.11101-benzothiophenes;
benzothiophene
benzothiazole
benzothiazole: structure. benzothiazole : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is a fusion product between benzene and thiazole. The parent of the class of benzothiazoles.		2.1110benzothiazolesenvironmental contaminant;
plant metabolite;
xenobiotic
methyl acrylate
[no description available]		3.4211enoate ester
4-butyrolactone
4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		4.0940butan-4-olidemetabolite;
neurotoxin
soman
Soman: An organophosphorus compound that inhibits cholinesterase. It causes seizures and has been used as a chemical warfare agent.		2.0410phosphonic ester
lactobionic acid
[no description available]		2.1710disaccharideantioxidant
arsanilic acid
Arsanilic Acid: An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals.		2.1310organoarsonic acid
butylphen
butylphen: irritant; structure. 4-tert-butylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted with a tert-butyl group at position 4.		3.3510phenolsallergen
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid
Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid: A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of GLUTAMINE or GLUTATHIONE metabolism.. 5-oxo-L-proline : An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration.		2.31105-oxoproline;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		algal metabolite
acetophenone
acetophenone : A methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.		2.0510acetophenonesanimal metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
3-aminobenzoic acid
3-aminobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid carrying an amino group at position 3.		2.1310aminobenzoic acid
alpha-resorcylic acid
alpha-resorcylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5.		2.0510dihydroxybenzoic acid;
resorcinols		metabolite
trehalose
alpha,alpha-trehalose : A trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon.		9.8650trehaloseEscherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
methyl gallate
methyl gallate: has both immunosuppressive and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; isolated from Acer saccharinum. methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with methanol. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties.		2.4820gallate esteranti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
4-nitroaniline
[no description available]		2.1310nitroanilinebacterial xenobiotic metabolite
4-vinylpyridine
4-vinylpyridine: reagent for blocking cysteine function in proteins; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0610
benzylamine
aminotoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more amino groups.		2.830aralkylamine;
primary amine		allergen;
EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
anisole
anisole : A monomethoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by a methoxy group.		2.0610monomethoxybenzeneplant metabolite
pyridostigmine bromide
Pyridostigmine Bromide: A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.		2.4720pyridinium salt
monobenzone
monobenzone: structure. monobenzone : The monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone. It is used as a topical drug for medical depigmentation.		2.610benzyl etherallergen;
dermatologic drug;
melanin synthesis inhibitor
1,2-dihydrostilbene
1,2-dihydrostilbene: intermdiate in biosynthesis of dihydrophenanthrenes from phenylalanine. 1,2-dihydrostilbene : A diphenylethane that is the 1,2-dihydro derivative of stilbene.		2.4420diphenylethane
4-bromoaniline
4-bromoaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1403		2.1310
glycidyl methacrylate
glycidyl methacrylate: RN given refers to monomer. glycidyl methacrylate : An enoate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of methacrylic acid with the hydroxy group of glycidol.		2.4110enoate ester;
epoxide
acrolein
[no description available]		3.570enalherbicide;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
toxin
acrylonitrile
[no description available]		2.0710aliphatic nitrile;
volatile organic compound		antifungal agent;
carcinogenic agent;
fungal metabolite;
mutagen;
polar aprotic solvent
glyoxal
[no description available]		7.1710dialdehydeagrochemical;
allergen;
pesticide;
plant growth regulator
sarin
Sarin: An organophosphorus ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. It is toxic to the nervous system and is a chemical warfare agent.. isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate : A phosphinic ester that is the isopropyl ester of methylphosphonofluoridic acid.. sarin : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-sarin. A potent and irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase that is toxic to the nervous system and is employed as a chemical warfare agent.		2.0410fluorine molecular entity;
phosphinic ester
2-methylpentane
Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.		2.3110alkane
acetic anhydride
acetic anhydride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. acetic anhydride : An acyclic carboxylic anhydride derived from acetic acid.		2.610acyclic carboxylic anhydridemetabolite;
reagent
succinic anhydride
[no description available]		7.610cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
tetrahydrofurandione
triethylene glycol dimethacrylate
[no description available]		2.610
pentane
Pentanes: Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. pentane : A straight chain alkane consisting of 5 carbon atoms.		2.0110alkane;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent;
refrigerant
methyl cellosolve
methyl cellosolve: widely used industrial solvent for resins, lacquers, dyes & inks; may cause anemia macrocytosis, appearance of young granulocytes in blood; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.3110glycol etherprotic solvent;
solvent
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		5.38100pyrrole;
secondary amine
thiophenes
Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.		5.3490mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene;
thiophenes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
2,5-hexanedione
2,5-hexanedione: metabolite of methyl-n-butyl ketone. 2,5-hexanedione : A diketone that is hexane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 5. It is a toxic metabolite of hexane and of 2-hexanone		7.4420diketone;
methyl ketone		human xenobiotic metabolite;
neurotoxin
isopropyl myristate
isopropyl myristate: used for microemulsions; structure		2.5220fatty acid ester
n-hexane
hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.		2.8220alkane;
volatile organic compound		neurotoxin;
non-polar solvent
cyclohexane
Cyclohexane: C6H12. cyclohexane : An alicyclic hydrocarbon comprising a ring of six carbon atoms; the cyclic form of hexane, used as a raw material in the manufacture of nylon.		2.2510cycloalkane;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
piperidine
[no description available]		2.0410azacycloalkane;
piperidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
secondary amine		base;
catalyst;
human metabolite;
non-polar solvent;
plant metabolite;
protic solvent;
reagent
morpholine
[no description available]		2.1310morpholines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		NMR chemical shift reference compound
thiodipropionic acid
thiodipropionic acid: structure		2.1310dicarboxylic acid
1,5-pentanediol
[no description available]		2.0110primary alcohol
carbitol
carbitol: used as lubricating oil & in braking fluid, structure. diethylene glycol monoethyl ether : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.		2.110diether;
glycol ether;
hydroxypolyether;
primary alcohol		protic solvent
methylergonovine
Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)		2.0710ergoline alkaloid
imipramine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochlorideantidepressant
neostigmine bromide
neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.		2.4720bromide salt
phenformin
Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.		2.7630biguanidesantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
edrophonium chloride
edrophonium chloride : The chloride salt of edrophonium. A reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes), it is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.		2.4720chloride salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		antidote;
diagnostic agent;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
diethylhexyl phthalate
Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.		3.0840diester;
phthalate ester		androstane receptor agonist;
apoptosis inhibitor;
plasticiser
maltol
maltol: found in bark of young larch trees; isolated from Passiflora incarnata; possesses depressant properties in mice; potentiates hexobarbital-induced narcosis & inhibits spontaneous motor activity; structure		2.89304-pyranonesmetabolite
chloranil
Chloranil: A quinone fungicide used for treatment of seeds and foliage.. tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquiones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by chlorines.		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
organochlorine compound		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
metabolite
2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)
[no description available]		2.0710diarylmethane
isoquinoline
[no description available]		2.3110azaarene;
isoquinolines;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene
veratraldehyde
[no description available]		2.0510benzaldehydes;
dimethoxybenzene		antifungal agent
dibenzoylmethane
dibenzoylmethane : A beta-diketone that is acetylacetone (acac) in which both methyl groups have been replaced by phenyl groups. It is a minor constituent of the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and exhibits antimutagenic and anticancer effects.		7.4420aromatic ketone;
beta-diketone		antimutagen;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
cresidine
cresidine: structure		2.0310methoxybenzenes
vanillic acid
Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.		3.0240methoxybenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid		plant metabolite
suramin sodium
suramin sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the hexasodium salt of suramin. It is an FDA approved drug for African sleeping sickness and river blindness.		2.4420organic sodium saltangiogenesis inhibitor;
antinematodal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
GABA antagonist;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
purinergic receptor P2 antagonist;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
trypanocidal drug
pyrazolanthrone
pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.		3.95120anthrapyrazole;
aromatic ketone;
cyclic ketone		antineoplastic agent;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
geroprotector
cinchophen
cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94		2.1310quinolines
captan
Captan: One of the phthalimide fungicides.. captan : A dicarboximide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrophthalimide in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a trichloromethyl group. A non-systemic fungicide introduced in the 1950s, it is widely used for the control of fungal diseases in fruits, vegetables, and ornamental crops.		2.0610isoindoles;
organochlorine compound;
organosulfur compound;
phthalimide fungicide		antifungal agrochemical
indolebutyric acid
indolebutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. indole-3-butyric acid : A indol-3-yl carboxylic acid that is butanoic acid carrying a 1H-indol-3-yl substituent at position 1.		2.0710indol-3-yl carboxylic acidauxin;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
1-naphthylamine
1-Naphthylamine: A suspected industrial carcinogen (and listed as such by OSHA). Its N-hydroxy metabolite is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic.. naphthylamine : A primary arylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at unspecified position.. 1-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at position 1.		2.4720naphthylaminehuman xenobiotic metabolite
2-naphthol
2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.		7.12400naphtholantinematodal drug;
genotoxin;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
methapyrilene hydrochloride
methapyrilene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of methapyrilene.		2.7530hydrochlorideanti-allergic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative
phenazopyridine hydrochloride
phenazopyridine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining phenazopyridine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.		2.1310hydrochloridecarcinogenic agent;
local anaesthetic;
non-narcotic analgesic
tetrracaine hydrochloride
leocaine: a crystal beta-modification of the beta-dimethylaminoethyl ether of n-butylaminobenzoic acid hydrochloride		2.4720benzoate ester
shikimic acid
Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.		4.7270alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chelidamic acid
[no description available]		2.0310
nitrilotriacetic acid
Nitrilotriacetic Acid: A derivative of acetic acid, N(CH2COOH)3. It is a complexing (sequestering) agent that forms stable complexes with Zn2+. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed.)		2.4220NTA;
tricarboxylic acid		carcinogenic agent;
nephrotoxic agent
protocatechualdehyde
protocatechualdehyde: found in wheat grains, wheat seedlings, & other plants; RN given refers to parent cpd; see also rancinamycins; structure		2.5420dihydroxybenzaldehyde
monuron
monuron: minor descriptor (72-83); on-line & Index Medicus search UREA/AA (72-74) & HERBICIDES (72-74) & HERBICIDES UREA (75-83); RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. monuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups.		2.13103-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea;
monochlorobenzenes		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
4-tert-octylphenol
4-tert-octylphenol: structure given in first source		2.0310alkylbenzene
ethyl acetate
ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol.		2.5320acetate ester;
ethyl ester;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor;
metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
isopropyl palmitate
isopropyl palmitate : A fatty acid ester obtained by the formal condensation of carboxy group of palmitic acid with propan-2-ol. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.		2.1710fatty acid ester;
isopropyl ester		human metabolite
20-alpha-dihydroprogesterone
20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone: A biologically active 20-alpha-reduced metabolite of PROGESTERONE. It is converted from progesterone to 20-alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one by the 20-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE in the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA.		2.131020-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-onehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
2-chloroadenosine
5-chloroformycin A: structure given in first source		2.7530purine nucleoside
diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Antitussive Agents: Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.. diphenhydramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenhydramine.		2.7530hydrochloride;
organoammonium salt		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
sedative
ditiocarb
Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.		3.620dithiocarbamic acidschelator;
copper chelator
2-vanillin
ortho-vanillin : A member of the class of benzaldehydes that is salicylaldehyde substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.		2.0510benzaldehydes;
guaiacols		antimutagen;
plant metabolite
1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt
1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt: A colorimetric reagent for iron, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, and complexes of zirconium. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)		3.0340organic molecular entity
1,3-dimethoxybenzene
1,3-dimethoxybenzene: structure given in first source		7.0510methoxybenzenes
potassium cyanide
[no description available]		2.0110cyanide salt;
one-carbon compound;
potassium salt		EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor;
EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin
quinestrol
Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)		2.131017-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		18.192637catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
tripelennamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
cysteamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
dibenzo(a,l)pyrene
dibenzo(a,l)pyrene: structure in first source		2.1110ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenehuman metabolite;
mutagen
benzo(e)pyrene
benzo(e)pyrene: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzo[e]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings. It is listed as a Group 3 carcinogen by the IARC.		2.0510ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenecarcinogenic agent;
mutagen
perylene
Perylene: A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as dinaphthalene. It is used as fluorescent lipid probe in the cytochemistry of membranes and is a polycyclic hydrocarbon pollutant in soil and water. Derivatives may be carcinogenic.. perylene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene comprising of five benzene rings that is anthracene in which the d,e and k,l sides are fused to benzene rings.		2.0610ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene;
perylenes
benzo(b)fluoranthene
benzo[b]fluoranthene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene that consists of a benzene ring fused with a acephenanthrylene ring.		2.0610ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenemutagen
quinazolines
Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.		3.680azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinazolines
acridines
Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.		2.4320acridines;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent;
polycyclic heteroarene		genotoxin
indazoles
Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES.		3.6620indazole
benzofuran
benzofuran: RN & structure given in first source. 1-benzofuran : A benzofuran consisting of fused benzene and furan rings. It is the parent compound of the class of 1-benzofurans.		7.77301-benzofurans;
benzofuran
benzoxazoles
1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton.		2.85301,3-benzoxazoles;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent
cyclopentane
Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution.		4.66250cycloalkane;
cyclopentanes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
isoxazoles
Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.		4.1320isoxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles
[no description available]		6.174001,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
pyrazines
Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.		8.59141diazine;
pyrazines		Daphnia magna metabolite
propantheline bromide
[no description available]		2.7530xanthenes
triphenyltetrazolium
triphenyltetrazolium: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium : An organic cation that is tetrazole carrying three phenyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 5.		2.0410organic cation
hydrazine
diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.		2.4320azane;
hydrazines		EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
chlormadinone acetate
Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).		2.1310corticosteroid hormone
hydralazine hydrochloride
hydralazine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		2.0310hydrochlorideantihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
stibine
[no description available]		2.0310antimony hydride;
mononuclear parent hydride
ethamivan
ethamivan: minor descriptor (65-72); major descriptor (73-86); on-line search BENZAMIDES (66-86); INDEX MEDICUS search BENZAMIDES (65-72); ETHAMIVAN (73-86). etamivan : Phenol substituted at C-2 and C-4 by a methoxy group and an N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl group respectively. A respiratory stimulant drug related to nikethamide, it has now fallen largely into disuse.		2.4720methoxybenzenes;
phenols
pargyline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530
monocrotaline
Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.		3.3260pyrrolizidine alkaloid
aminophylline
Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.		2.0310mixturebronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug
azacitidine
Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.		4.2150N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent
4-fluorobiphenyl
[no description available]		2.1510
linuron
Linuron: A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). linuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is N-methyl urea substituted by a methoxy group at position 1 and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group at position 3.		2.0310dichlorobenzene;
phenylureas		agrochemical;
environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
perfluorooctanoic acid
perfluorooctanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. perfluorooctanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated octanoic acid.		2.610fluoroalkanoic acidcarcinogenic agent;
endocrine disruptor;
environmental contaminant;
surfactant;
xenobiotic
orphenadrine hydrochloride
orphenadrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride comprising equimolar amounts of ophenadrine and hydrogen chloride.		2.7530hydrochlorideantiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
parasympatholytic
3-acetylpyridine
3-acetylpyridine: inhibits tremors		2.4820aromatic ketone
fluocinonide
Fluocinonide: A topical glucocorticoid used in the treatment of ECZEMA.		2.1310organic molecular entity
galantamine
Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.		5.1770benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to curare poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
aminoimidazole carboxamide
Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4.		6.65200aminoimidazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide		mouse metabolite
kynuramine
Kynuramine: An aromatic ketone containing the aniline structure (ANILINE COMPOUNDS).. kynuramine : A member of the class of kynurenamines that is aniline substituted at position 2 by a 3-aminopropanoyl group.		2.4220kynurenamines;
primary amino compound		metabolite
cuprizone
[no description available]		2.6620organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
citrulline
citrulline : The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position.		2.7220amino acid zwitterion;
citrulline		Daphnia magna metabolite;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
protective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
betamethasone
Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)		2.442011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(n,n-dimethyl-n-2-propenyl-), dibromide
Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibromide: Proposed cholinesterase inhibitor.		2.4420
fluorometholone
Fluorometholone: A glucocorticoid employed, usually as eye drops, in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye. It has also been used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluorometholone : A member of the class of glucocorticoids that is Delta(1)-progesterone substituted at positions 11beta and 17 by hydroxy groups, at position 6alpha by a methyl group and at position 9 by a fluoro group. Used for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug
cyproterone acetate
[no description available]		2.442020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
chlorinated steroid;
steroid ester		androgen antagonist;
geroprotector;
progestin
lithocholic acid
Lithocholic Acid: A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.. lithocholic acid : A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.. lithocholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.		2.110bile acid;
C24-steroid;
monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
nandrolone
Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17.		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid		human metabolite
xanthinol niacinate
Xanthinol Niacinate: A vasodilator used in peripheral vascular disorders and insufficiency. It may cause gastric discomfort and hypotension.		2.1310
1,2-dihydronaphthalene
1,2-dihydronaphthalene : A dihydronaphthalene hydrogenated at C-1 and C-2.		2.0310dihydronaphthalene
cyanogen
cyanogen: structure. oxalonitrile : A dinitrile that is ethane substituted by two cyano groups.		2.110dinitrile;
pseudohalogen
jervine
jervine: teratogen from Veratrum grandiflorum; RN given refers to parent cpd(3beta,23beta)-isomer; structure		2.0710piperidines
glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		2.520cyclic terpene ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		immunomodulator;
plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		2.4720bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
fusarium
Fusarium: A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA.		2.0710
boldine
[no description available]		2.0710aporphine alkaloid
rhein
[no description available]		2.0410dihydroxyanthraquinone
indirubin
[no description available]		2.4720
lucanthone
Lucanthone: One of the SCHISTOSOMICIDES, it has been replaced largely by HYCANTHONE and more recently PRAZIQUANTEL. (From Martindale The Extrapharmacopoeia, 30th ed., p46). lucanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. Formerly used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. It is a prodrug, being metabolised to hycanthone.		2.610thioxanthenesadjuvant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
mutagen;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
schistosomicide drug
plumbagin
plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively.		4.1540hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone;
phenols		anticoagulant;
antineoplastic agent;
immunological adjuvant;
metabolite
cepharanthine
cepharanthine: isoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of STEPHANIA; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. cepharanthine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation.		3.9530bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
aloe emodin
aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe. Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe.		340aromatic primary alcohol;
dihydroxyanthraquinone		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
chrysophanic acid
chrysophanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #2260. chrysophanol : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.		3.4470dihydroxyanthraquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite
imperatorin
imperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist; furanocoumarin from West African medicinal plant Clausena anisata; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3005. imperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 8. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		3.2510psoralensEC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
metabolite
phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate
Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate: 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Key intermediate in the formation by living cells of sulfate esters of phenols, alcohols, steroids, sulfated polysaccharides, and simple esters, such as choline sulfate. It is formed from sulfate ion and ATP in a two-step process. This compound also is an important step in the process of sulfur fixation in plants and microorganisms.. 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate : An adenosine bisphosphate having monophosphate groups at the 3'- and 5'-positions and a sulfo group attached to the phosphate at position 5'.		210acyl sulfate;
adenosine bisphosphate;
purine ribonucleoside bisphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
emetine
Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.		4.1120isoquinoline alkaloid;
pyridoisoquinoline		antiamoebic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
expectorant;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
osthol
osthol: from Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens (both Apiaceae); structure given in first source		2.8530botanical anti-fungal agent;
coumarins		metabolite
dihydralazine
Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)		3.5320phthalazines
cytisine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid;
bridged compound;
lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite
bicuculline
Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.		2.4620benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines		agrochemical;
central nervous system stimulant;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
GABAA receptor antagonist;
neurotoxin
beta-nicotyrine
[no description available]		3.1210pyridines
flavanone
flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4.		2.5320flavanones
salicylurate
salicylurate: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicyluric acid : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxybenzoyl.. salicylurate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of salicyluric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		2.1110N-acylglycine;
secondary carboxamide		human xenobiotic metabolite;
uremic toxin
kainic acid
Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.		3.5580dicarboxylic acid;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid		antinematodal drug;
excitatory amino acid agonist
indole-3-carbaldehyde
indole-3-carbaldehyde: metabolite of tryptophan; structure. indole-3-carbaldehyde : A heteroarenecarbaldehyde that is indole in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a formyl group.		2.0510heteroarenecarbaldehyde;
indole alkaloid;
indoles		bacterial metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
marine metabolite;
plant metabolite
fructose-1,6-diphosphate
beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.		2.4110D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphatemouse metabolite
topanol 354
Topanol 354: structure		2.0210methoxybenzenes;
phenols
thymoquinone
thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.		4.83501,4-benzoquinonesadjuvant;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite
methyl red
methyl red: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. methyl red : An azo dye consisting of benzoic acid substituted at position 2 by a 4-[(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl group.		2.0510
benzohydroxamic acid
[no description available]		3.1710
coumaran
2,3-dihydrobenzofuran : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is the 2,3-dihydroderivative of benzofuran.		2.15101-benzofuransmetabolite
carvacrol
carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).		3.5720botanical anti-fungal agent;
p-menthane monoterpenoid;
phenols		agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
flavouring agent;
TRPA1 channel agonist;
volatile oil component
2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid
lutidinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid carrying carboxy groups at positions 2 and 4.		2.2510pyridinedicarboxylic acid
olivetol
olivetol: from cannabidiol by pyrolysis; structure. olivetol : A member of the class of resorcinols that is resorcinol in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a pentyl group.		2.0410resorcinolslichen metabolite
4-hydroxyphenylethanol
4-hydroxyphenylethanol: in chest gland secretion of galagos. 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol : A phenol substituted at position 4 by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.		3.76100phenolsanti-arrhythmia drug;
antioxidant;
cardiovascular drug;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
protective agent
phloretic acid
phloretic acid: structure. N-hydroxysuccinimide ester : An ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.. phloretic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of propionic acid having a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at the 3-position.		3.0120hydroxy monocarboxylic acidplant metabolite
thiazolidines
Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.		2.5220thiazolidine
mustard gas
Mustard Gas: Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).. bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide : An ethyl sulfide that is diethyl sulfide in which a hydrogen from each of the terminal methyl groups is replaced by a chlorine. It is a powerful vesicant regulated under the Chemical Weapons Convention.		2.0810ethyl sulfide;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
vesicant
hexacosanoic acid
hexacosanoic acid: a C(26) saturated acid. hexacosanoic acid : A 26-carbon, straight-chain, saturated fatty acid.		2.1510fatty acid 26:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid;
very long-chain fatty acid
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		4.8150hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
dihydroergotamine
Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.		2.0810ergot alkaloid;
semisynthetic derivative		dopamine agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic;
serotonergic agonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
hematoxylin
Hematoxylin: A dye obtained from the heartwood of logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum Linn., Leguminosae) used as a stain in microscopy and in the manufacture of ink.		3.1630organic heterotetracyclic compound;
oxacycle;
polyphenol;
tertiary alcohol		histological dye;
plant metabolite
podophyllotoxin
Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.		4.9560furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
hesperidin
Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		9.622123'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
monomethoxyflavanone;
rutinoside		mutagen
medroxyprogesterone
[no description available]		2.482017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
dihydrotestosterone
Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.		67117beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one;
3-oxo-5alpha-steroid		androgen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
luminol
Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations.		4.4660
physcione
physcione: structure. physcion : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 8, a methoxy group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 6. It has been widely isolated and characterised from both terrestrial and marine sources.		3.74100dihydroxyanthraquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite
tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride
tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of tetryzoline. It is used as a nasal decongestant.		2.7530hydrochloridenasal decongestant;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
dequalinium chloride
dequalinium chloride : An organic chloride salt that is the dichloride salt of dequalinium.		2.4420organic chloride saltantifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiseptic drug;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor
angelicin
angelicin: used as tranquillizer; sedative; or anticonvulsant; structure		2.610furanocoumarin
1,2-naphthoquinone
naphthalene-1,2-dione: structure given in first source. 1,2-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,2-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 2 of the naphthalene ring. It is a metabolite of naphthalene and is found in diesel exhaust particles.		2.48201,2-naphthoquinonesaryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
carcinogenic agent
flavone
flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2.		4.850flavonesmetabolite;
nematicide
tryptophol
tryptophol : An indolyl alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at position 2.		2.4110indolyl alcoholauxin;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
azomycin
azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure		2.5420C-nitro compound;
imidazoles		antitubercular agent
uridine diphosphate n-acetylglucosamine
Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine: Serves as the biological precursor of insect chitin, of muramic acid in bacterial cell walls, and of sialic acids in mammalian glycoproteins.		2.3110
syringic acid
syringic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in third source. syringic acid : A dimethoxybenzene that is 3,5-dimethyl ether derivative of gallic acid.		3.1140benzoic acids;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		plant metabolite
acetylsalicylsalicylic acid
acetylsalicylsalicylic acid: potential immunogenic impurity in aspirin; structure		3.2110carbonyl compound
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol : A hydroxytoluene that is o-cresol carrying nitro substituents at positions 4 and 6.		2.8430dinitrophenol acaricide;
hydroxytoluene;
nitrotoluene		dinitrophenol insecticide;
fungicide;
herbicide
perillyl alcohol
perillyl alcohol: inhibits geranylgeranyl transferase; structure in first source. perillyl alcohol : A limonene monoterpenoid consists of a cyclohexene ring substituted by a hydroxymethyl and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. It is a constituent of a variety of essential oils including lavender.		3.2510limonene monoterpenoidplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
diperodon
diperodon: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.610carbamate ester
methamphetamine
Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.		2.8730amphetamines;
secondary amine		central nervous system stimulant;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
psychotropic drug;
xenobiotic
dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide : A carbodiimide compound having a cyclohexyl substituent on both nitrogen atoms.		2.0310carbodiimideATP synthase inhibitor;
cross-linking reagent;
peptide coupling reagent
decamethonium dibromide
[no description available]		2.4420
ethyl chloroformate
[no description available]		2.2510
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		10.041754dialdehydebiomarker
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.		3.3560arenesulfonic acid;
C-nitro compound		epitope;
explosive;
reagent
eosine yellowish-(ys)
Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.		2.4110organic sodium salt;
organobromine compound		fluorochrome;
histological dye
gentian violet
Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.		2.2110organic chloride saltanthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
histological dye
amitriptyline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530organic tricyclic compound
resazurin
resazurin: used as indicator in detection of hyposulfite (sulfoxylate); in food research (reductase test); structure		2.4220phenoxazine
naphazoline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530organic molecular entity
1-naphthylisothiocyanate
1-Naphthylisothiocyanate: A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.		2.8730isothiocyanateinsecticide
neutral red
Neutral Red: A vital dye used as an indicator and biological stain. Various adverse effects have been observed in biological systems.. neutral red : A hydrochloride obtained by combining the free base of neutral red with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, changing from red to yellow between pH 6.8 and 8.0.		2.4720hydrochlorideacid-base indicator;
dye;
two-colour indicator
4,4'-bipyridyl
4,4'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-4 and C-4'.		2.1310bipyridine
tristearin
tristearoylglycerol : A triglyceride that is glycerol in which all three hydroxy groups have been formally esterified with stearic acid.		2.1510triacylglycerol 54:0Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite;
plant metabolite
doxylamine succinate
[no description available]		2.7530organic molecular entity
carbamylhydrazine monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310organic molecular entity
diepoxybutane
diepoxybutane: difunctional alkylating agent; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure		2.1310epoxidemutagen
monoacetyldapsone
monoacetyldapsone: used in leprosy chemotherapy. monoacetyldapsone : A secondary carboxamide resulting from acetylation of one of the amino groups of dapsone.		2.1310acetamides;
anilide;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone
formestane
[no description available]		2.753017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
enol;
hydroxy steroid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
chlorotrianisene
Chlorotrianisene: A powerful synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen.		2.1310chloroalkeneantineoplastic agent;
estrogen receptor modulator;
xenoestrogen
congo red
Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.. Congo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0.		2.7830bis(azo) compound
3-hydroxyflavone
3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.		10.59382flavonols;
monohydroxyflavone
aminacrine
[no description available]		2.1310
isoxsuprine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310alkylbenzene
3-hydroxybiphenyl
3-hydroxybiphenyl: structure given in first source. biphenyl-3-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is phenol in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group.		2.1510hydroxybiphenyls
debrisoquin sulfate
[no description available]		2.0310organic sulfate salt
2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene
[no description available]		2.0410
diphenylamine
Diphenylamine: In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.. diphenylamine : An aromatic amine containing two phenyl substituents. It has been used as a fungicide for the treatment of superficial scald in apples and pears, but is no longer approved for this purpose within the European Union.		2.1510aromatic amine;
bridged diphenyl fungicide;
secondary amino compound		antifungal agrochemical;
antioxidant;
carotogenesis inhibitor;
EC 1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
radical scavenger
betaine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
bethanechol chloride
bethanechol chloride : The chloride salt of bethanechol. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.		2.4720carbamate ester;
chloride salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscarinic agonist
allyl sulfide
allyl sulfide: essence of garlic; inhibits CYP2E1		4.5740organic sulfide
megestrol acetate
[no description available]		2.632020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
steroid ester		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
2,2-dimethylbutyric acid
2,2-dimethylbutyric acid: structure given in first source; plasma metabolite of simvastatin. 2,2-dimethylbutyric acid : A branched-chain fatty acid and metabolite of the lactone prodrug simvastatin, whose sodium salt is potentially useful for the treatment of thalassaemias and haemoglobinopathies.		3.710dimethylbutyric acidmetabolite
triphenylphosphine
triphenylphosphine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triphenylphosphine : A member of the class of tertiary phosphines that is phosphane in which the three hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups.		2.2510benzenes;
tertiary phosphine		NMR chemical shift reference compound;
reducing agent
alpha-naphthoflavone
alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).		5.0570extended flavonoid;
naphtho-gamma-pyrone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
2-hydroxyacetanilide
2-acetamidophenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 2-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. A positional isomer of paracetamol which possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and anti-platelet aggregation properties.		2.1310acetamides;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
xenobiotic metabolite
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		10.18542acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
4,4'-bisphenol f
4,4'-bisphenol F: RN given refers to parent cpd. bisphenol F : A bisphenol that is methane in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups.		2.0510bisphenol;
diarylmethane		environmental food contaminant;
xenoestrogen
ethyl palmitate
ethyl hexadecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol.		2.0810hexadecanoate ester;
long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester		plant metabolite
c.i. 42510
Rosaniline Dyes: Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.. basic fuchsin : A four-component mixture of chemically related dyes comprising pararosanilin, rosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin in varying amounts. rosanilin : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride of 4-[(4-aminophenyl)(4-iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline. One of the major constituents of Basic fuchsin, together with pararosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin.		2.1510
Berberine chloride (TN)
[no description available]		3.8830organic molecular entity
clopamide
Clopamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide piperidine. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.		2.1310sulfonamide
4-methoxystyrene
4-methoxystyrene: structure in first source		2.0510
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		4.9360cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate: The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.. dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate : A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone.		4.782117-oxo steroid;
steroid sulfate		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
chromonar
Chromonar: A coronary vasodilator agent.		2.0510coumarins
docosanol
Tadenan: from powdered bark of Pygaeum africanum (Rosaceae), see also heading for docosanol (a priciple ingredient of extract). docosan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is docosane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It is a non-prescription medicine approved by the FDA to shorten healing time of cold sores.. docosanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twenty-two carbon atoms.		2.0210docosanol;
long-chain primary fatty alcohol		antiviral drug;
plant metabolite
homoserine
homoserine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine substituted at the alpha-position by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.. L-homoserine : The L-enantiomer of homoserine.		2.6120amino acid zwitterion;
homoserine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
gamma-thujaplicin
2-hydroxy-5-isopropyl- 2,4,6-cycloheptatrienone: a metal chelating agent		3.2710cyclic ketone
methylnitrosourea
Methylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by methyl and nitroso groups.		3.1550N-nitrosoureasalkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
mutagen;
teratogenic agent
2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide
[no description available]		2.0810
2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde
2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde: structure in first source. 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde : A member of the class of naphthaldehydes that is naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. Active core of sirtinol (CHEBI:73158).		2.0310naphthaldehydes;
naphthols
biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid
biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid: structure in first source		2.1510
diphenyliodonium
diphenyliodonium: RN given refers to the parent coumpound; inhibitor of neutrophil superoxide generating oxidase; structure has been determined		2.0710
phosmet
Phosmet: An organothiophosphorus insecticide that has been used to control pig mange.		2.1310organic thiophosphate;
organothiophosphate insecticide;
phthalimides		acaricide;
agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
hydroxychloroquine sulfate
[no description available]		2.610
o,p'-ddt
o,p'-DDT: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation.		2.0510diarylmethane
levonorgestrel
Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.		2.131017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
Mecamylamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420monoterpenoid
ethyl gallate
ethyl gallate: used with osmium in procedure for mapping neuronal pathways. ethyl gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with ethanol.		2.0710gallate esterplant metabolite
vinblastine
[no description available]		2.4420
malononitrile dimer
Malononitrile dimer: has antithyroid activity; inhibits conversion of monoiodotyrosine to diiodotyrosine		2.1310
hydroxyethyl methacrylate
hydroxyethyl methacrylate: many of cited refs are for gel which refers to polymeric form of above cpd: POLYHYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate : An enoate ester that is the monomethacryloyl derivative of ethylene glycol.		7.8220enoate esterallergen;
polymerisation monomer
diphenyl disulfide
[no description available]		2.1310benzenes
nitrosobenzylmethylamine
nitrosobenzylmethylamine: structure		2.0110
3-hydroxy-1-benzopyran-2-one
3-hydroxycoumarin: Photoprotective from sea urchin gametes and embryonic cells; structure in first source. hydroxycoumarin : Any coumarin carrying at least one hydroxy substituent.		3.3510hydroxycoumarin
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		6.53131pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2,6-dichloroindophenol
2,6-Dichloroindophenol: A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.. 2,6-dichloroindophenol : A quinone imine that is indophenol substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 6.. N-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine : 1,4-benzoquinone imine having a 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl substituent attached to the nitrogen atom.		2.110dichlorobenzene;
quinone imine
azure a
Azure A: RN given refers to chloride. azure A : An organic chloride salt having 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. It is used in making azure eosin stains for blood smear staining.		2.0510
cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous)
cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : The hydrochloride salt of cyproheptadine. Note that the drug named cyproheptadine hydrochloride generally refers to cyproheptadine hydrochloride sesquihydrate.		2.7530hydrochloride
estradiol valerate
[no description available]		2.1310steroid ester
cytidine diphosphate choline
Cytidine Diphosphate Choline: Donor of choline in biosynthesis of choline-containing phosphoglycerides.		3.6420nucleotide-(amino alcohol)s;
phosphocholines		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
rhodamine 6g
rhodamine 6G: RN given refers to HCl		2.4820
ethambutol
Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.		2.610ethanolamines;
ethylenediamine derivative		antitubercular agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nicotinamide mononucleotide
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: 3-Carbamoyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl pyridinium hydroxide-5'phosphate, inner salt. A nucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-N-glycosidic linkage with the C-1 position of D-ribose. Synonyms: Nicotinamide Ribonucleotide; NMN.		2.1510nicotinamide mononucleotideEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
metformin hydrochloride
metformin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of metformin with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.		2.610hydrochlorideenvironmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
tetramethylpyrazine
tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).		9.1840alkaloid;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
copper carbonate
copper carbonate: RN given refers to 1:1 Cu(+2) salt		2.2110
2,2'-dipyridylamine
dipyridin-2-ylamine: structure in first source		2.1310
durapatite
Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.. hydroxylapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH).		2.7220
cadmium sulfide
[no description available]		7.5320cadmium molecular entity
sodium hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)		2.1310alkali metal hydroxide
manganese dioxide
[no description available]		7.4110manganese molecular entity;
metal oxide
zinc oxide
Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.		3.0840zinc molecular entity
arsenic trioxide
Arsenic Trioxide: An inorganic compound with the chemical formula As2O3 that is used for the treatment of ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA in patients who have relapsed from, or are resistant to, conventional drug therapy.		6.95201
sorbitan monostearate
sorbitan monostearate: Stearic Acid was the HM (74-82), no longer an active MH		8.0840
antimycin a
[no description available]		2.610benzamides;
formamides;
macrodiolide;
phenols		antifungal agent;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
piscicide
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		4.7880glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.		9.140enone;
glucosiduronic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tricarboxylic acid;
triterpenoid saponin		EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		13.72814alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
tocopherols
[no description available]		5.2990
pregnenolone carbonitrile
Pregnenolone Carbonitrile: A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cytochrome P450. It has also demonstrated the potential for protective capability against acetaminophen-induced liver damage.		2.5220aliphatic nitrile
isonicotinamide
isonicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is the monocarboxylic acid amide derivative of isonicotinic acid.		4.2450pyridinecarboxamide
n-methylcarbazole
N-methylcarbazole: RN given refers to cpd with methyl group in position 9		3.1210
flurandrenolone
Flurandrenolone: A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p733)		2.131021-hydroxy steroid
bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate: The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.		2.610diarylmethane
vincamine
Vincamine: A major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders.		2.5220alkaloid ester;
hemiaminal;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
vinca alkaloid		antihypertensive agent;
metabolite;
vasodilator agent
diethylcarbamazine citrate
[no description available]		2.1310piperazinecarboxamide
5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl
5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl: structure in first source		2.610bipyridines
dichlorobenzyl alcohol
2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol : A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by chlorines.		2.610benzyl alcohols;
dichlorobenzene		antiseptic drug
azacyclonol
azacyclonol: major descriptor (65-84); on-line search PIPERIDINES (65-84); Index Medicus search AZACYCLONOL (65-84); RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1310diarylmethane
5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol
5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol : The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol.		2.4720androstane-3alpha,17beta-diolDaphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite
guaiacoxyacetic acid
guaiacoxyacetic acid: structure given in first source		2.1310
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile: structure. chlorothalonil : A dinitrile that is benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide first introduced in the 1960s, it is used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops.		3.8821aromatic fungicide;
dinitrile;
tetrachlorobenzene		antifungal agrochemical
paraquat
Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.		3.94120organic cationgeroprotector;
herbicide
pristane
pristane: structure. pristane : A norterpene that is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon derived from phytane by loss of its C-16 terminal methyl group.		2.8730long-chain alkane;
norterpene		biomarker;
immunological adjuvant
orange g
orange G : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 7-hydroxy-8-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]naphthalene-1,3-disulfonic acid. It is often combined with other yellow dyes in alcoholic solution to stain erythrocytes in trichrome methods, and is used for demonstrating cells in the pancreas and pituitary.		2.1310
2-tert-butylhydroquinone
2-tert-butylhydroquinone: an anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive agent. 2-tert-butylhydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones in which one of the ring hydrogens of hydroquinone is replaced by a tert-butyl group.		3.1850hydroquinonesfood antioxidant
5-hydroxyindole
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxyindoleshuman metabolite
dronabinol
Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.		4.5720benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
methylene diphosphonate
medronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) consisting of methane substituted by two phosphonic acid groups.		2.13101,1-bis(phosphonic acid)bone density conservation agent;
chelator
amiloride hydrochloride, anhydrous
amiloride hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining amiloride with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.1310hydrochloridediuretic;
sodium channel blocker
amiloride
Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.		2.830aromatic amine;
guanidines;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines		diuretic;
sodium channel blocker
diallyl trisulfide
[no description available]		3.8630organic trisulfideanti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antiprotozoal drug;
apoptosis inducer;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
insecticide;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
pimozide
Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.		2.7530benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound		antidyskinesia agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid
azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid: a proline analog (with 4-membered ring in place of 5); a toxic non-protein amino acid that is misincorporated into protein in place of proline; induces nonfunctional heat-shock proteins; inhibits acquired thermotolerance; RN given refers to (L)-isomer; found in beets and Liliaceae. (S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid : The (S)-enantiomer of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.. azetidinecarboxylic acid : A member of the class of azetidines that is azetidine substituted by at least one carboxy group at unspecified position.		2.0310azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
flumethasone
Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug
azaribine
azaribine: pyrimidine analogue; anti-metabolite used in psoriasis & mycosis fungoides;. azaribine : A N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine that is 6-azauridine acetylated at positions 2', 3' and 5' on the sugar ring. It is a prodrug for 6-azauridine and is used for treatment of psoriasis.		2.1310acetate ester;
N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine		antipsoriatic;
prodrug
diallyl disulfide
diallyl disulfide: major constituent of garlic oil. diallyl disulfide : An organic disulfide where the organic group specified is allyl. It has been isolated from garlic and other species of the genus Allium.		7.4520organic disulfideantifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
hydrocortisone hemisuccinate
hydrocortisone succinate : A derivative of succinic acid in which one of the carboxy groups is esterified by the C-21 hydroxy group of cortisol (hydrocortisone).		2.1310dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
menthol
(+-)-menthol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-menthol. Both (+-)- and (-)-menthol are used to relieve symptoms of conditions such as bronchitis and sinusitis. When applied to the skin, menthol dilates the blood vessels, giving a sensation of coldness followed by an analgesic effect that relieves itching. It is therefore used in creams and ointments for the relief of pruritis and urticaria.. (-)-menthol : A p-menthan-3-ol which has (1R,2S,5R)-stereochemistry. It is the most common naturally occurring enantiomer.		2.0210p-menthan-3-olantipruritic drug;
antispasmodic drug;
antitussive
phenethyl isothiocyanate
phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.		4.0940isothiocyanateantineoplastic agent;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
metabolite
muscarine
[no description available]		2.4620
ethoxazene
[no description available]		2.0810azobenzenes
fluorescein
Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.		7.75302-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
thioflavin t
thioflavin T: RN given refers to chloride; structure. thioflavine T : An organic chloride salt having 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,6-dimethyl-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ium as the counterion. It is widely used to visualise and quantify the presence of amyloids, both in vitro and in vivo.		3.5680organic chloride saltfluorochrome;
geroprotector;
histological dye
fucose
Fucose: A six-member ring deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It lacks a hydroxyl group on the carbon at position 6 of the molecule.. L-fucopyranose : The pyranose form of L-fucose.. fucose : Any deoxygalactose that is deoxygenated at the 6-position.		2.0510fucopyranose;
L-fucose		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
antazoline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530
7,12-dihydroxymethylbenz(a)anthracene
7,12-dihydroxymethylbenz(a)anthracene: structure given in first source		2.0510
pontamine sky blue
[no description available]		2.0510
acadesine
[no description available]		2.06101-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide;
aminoimidazole;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
mebeverine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
hexaoxyethylene dodecyl ether
hexaoxyethylene dodecyl ether: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.2510
stavudine
Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase		2.6320dihydrofuran;
nucleoside analogue;
organic molecular entity		antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
arabinofuranosyluracil
[no description available]		2.0610N-glycosyl compoundmetabolite
doxifluridine
doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.		2.0310organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol
2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol: structure given in first source		2.1510primary alcohol
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.		3.3560fluorescein isothiocyanate
sabinene
sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species.		3.5920thujeneplant metabolite
dithiothreitol
1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.		7.69201,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol;
butanediols;
dithiol;
glycol;
thiol		chelator;
human metabolite;
reducing agent
clidinium bromide
clidinium bromide : The bromide salt of clinidium. It is used for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps due to colicky abdominal pain, diverticulitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.		2.1310
ecdysone
[no description available]		2.071014alpha-hydroxy steroid;
22-hydroxy steroid;
25-hydroxy steroid;
2beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-sterol;
6-oxo steroid;
ecdysteroid		prohormone
meclofenoxate hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
tranylcypromine
Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.		3.51102-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
diloxanide furoate
diloxanide furoate: structure. diloxanide furoate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of furan-2-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of 2,2-dichloro-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-methylacetamide. It is a drug used for the treatment of asymptomatic amebiasis.		2.1310carboxylic ester;
furans;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		antiamoebic agent;
prodrug
streptomycin
[no description available]		2.2510antibiotic antifungal drug;
antibiotic fungicide;
streptomycins		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
antimicrobial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
carbonates
Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3.		2.8130carbon oxoanion
nitroxoline
nitroxoline: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6475; RN given refers to parent cpd. nitroxoline : A monohydroxyquinoline in which the hydroxy group is positioned at C-8 with a nitro group trans to it at C-5.		2.1310C-nitro compound;
monohydroxyquinoline		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
renal agent
dideoxyadenosine
Dideoxyadenosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.		2.610adenosines;
purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
clonidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310dichlorobenzene
cladribine
[no description available]		2.7730organochlorine compound;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent
beclomethasone
[no description available]		2.753011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
corticosteroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug
fructosamine
Fructosamine: An amino sugar formed when glucose non-enzymatically reacts with the N-terminal amino group of proteins. The fructose moiety is derived from glucose by the classical Amadori rearrangement.		5.5451
trimetazidine
Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.		3.2110aromatic amine
buthionine sulfoximine
Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl.		3.4670diastereoisomeric mixture;
homocysteines;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sulfoximide		EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer
floxacillin
Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mexiletine hydrochloride
mexiletine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride composed of equimolar amounts of mexiletine and hydrogen chloride.		2.4420hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug
octylmethoxycinnamate
octylmethoxycinnamate: a sunscreen used for prevention of DNA photodamage		2.5120cinnamate ester
vidarabine
adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.		340beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
alverine citrate
[no description available]		2.1310citrate salt;
organoammonium salt		antispasmodic drug;
cholinergic antagonist
cyclogyl
cyclopentolate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of cyclopentolate. It is used to produce mydriasis (excessive dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) for opthalmic diagnostic procedures. It acts more quickly than atropine and has a shorter duration of action.		2.1310
cyclophosphamide
cyclophosphamide hydrate : The monohydrate of cyclophosphamide.		2.0310hydratealkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
immunosuppressive agent
suxamethonium chloride
succinylcholine chloride (anhydrous) : A chloride salt in which the negative charge of the chloride ions is balanced by succinylcholine dications.		2.0310chloride saltmuscle relaxant
octocrylene
[no description available]		2.1110diarylmethane
cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride
cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of cyclobenzaprine. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		2.4420hydrochlorideantidepressant;
muscle relaxant
n-methylaspartate
N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.		3.7490amino dicarboxylic acid;
D-alpha-amino acid;
D-aspartic acid derivative;
secondary amino compound		neurotransmitter agent
ammonium nitrate
ammonium nitrate: structure. ammonium nitrate : The ammonium salt of nitric acid.		2.110ammonium salt;
inorganic molecular entity;
inorganic nitrate salt		explosive;
fertilizer;
oxidising agent
3-deazaadenosine
3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd.		2.7830
tert-nitrosobutane
[no description available]		2.0110
metoclopramide hydrochloride
metoclopramide hydrochloride : A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of metoclopramide monohydrochloride.		2.7530
isoetharine mesylate
[no description available]		2.7530
hepes
[no description available]		2.0510HEPES;
organosulfonic acid
n-deacetyl-n-formylcolchicine
N-deacetyl-N-formylcolchicine: structure given in first source		2.0710cyclic ketone
iridium
Iridium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22.		2.0510cobalt group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
manganese
Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.		3.3150elemental manganese;
manganese group element atom		Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient
mercury
Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.		3.4211elemental mercury;
zinc group element atom		neurotoxin
palladium
Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.		7.830metal allergen;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
platinum
Platinum: A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, with atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.084, symbol Pt. It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as alutiae.		3.2340elemental platinum;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
rhodium
Rhodium: A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh.. rhodium atom : A cobalt group element atom of atomic number 45.		2.110cobalt group element atom
ruthenium
Ruthenium: A hard, brittle, grayish-white rare earth metal with an atomic symbol Ru, atomic number 44, and atomic weight 101.07. It is used as a catalyst and hardener for PLATINUM and PALLADIUM.		2.2110iron group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
silver
Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.		3.7380copper group element atom;
elemental silver		Escherichia coli metabolite
titanium
Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.		6.98142titanium group element atom
cadmium
Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.		7.03121cadmium molecular entity;
zinc group element atom
cerium
Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications.		2.4110f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
chromium
Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.		8.6430chromium group element atom;
metal allergen		micronutrient
gadolinium
Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.		2.1110f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
gold
Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.		6.41260copper group element atom;
elemental gold
xenon
Xenon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.		3.1910monoatomic xenon;
noble gas atom;
p-block element atom
zirconium
Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr.		2.2510titanium group element atom
aluminum chloride
Aluminum Chloride: A compound with the chemical formula AlCl3; the anhydrous salt is used as a catalyst in organic chemical synthesis, and hydrated salts are used topically as antiperspirants, and for the management of HYPERHYDROSIS.		3.3550aluminium coordination entityLewis acid
zalcitabine
Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.		2.7530pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
acetylglucosamine
Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.		2.0810N-acetyl-D-glucosamineepitope
galactosamine
2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine.		3.9230D-galactosamine;
primary amino compound		toxin
6-nitroindazole
[no description available]		2.1310
phosphoric acid, trisodium salt
[no description available]		2.0510sodium phosphate
hypochlorous acid
Hypochlorous Acid: An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.. hypochlorous acid : A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water.		3.1750chlorine oxoacid;
reactive oxygen species		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite
propionylpromazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
camptothecin
NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		4.6780delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
ferric chloride
ferric chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Fe-Cl3; used to induce experimental arterial thrombosis to evaluate antithrombotic agents		2.4420iron coordination entityastringent;
Lewis acid
ferrous sulfate
ferrous sulfate: Ferro-Gradumet is ferrous sulfate in controlled release form; RN given refers to Fe(+2)[1:1] salt. iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) : A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(2+) to sulfate ions is 1:1. Various hydrates occur naturally - most commonly the heptahydrate, which loses water to form the tetrahydrate at 57degreeC and the monohydrate at 65degreeC.		2.1510iron molecular entity;
metal sulfate		reducing agent
phosphine
phosphane : The simplest phosphine, consisting of a single phosphorus atom with three hydrogens attached.. phosphine : Phosphane (PH3) and compounds derived from it by substituting one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups: RPH2, R2PH, R3P (R =/= H) are called primary, secondary and tertiary phosphines, respectively. A specific phosphine is preferably named as a substituted phosphane.		2.2110mononuclear parent hydride;
phosphanes;
phosphine		carcinogenic agent;
fumigant insecticide
bromine
Bromine: A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 35, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested.		2.4720diatomic bromine
zinc sulfate
Zinc Sulfate: A compound given in the treatment of conditions associated with zinc deficiency such as acrodermatitis enteropathica. Externally, zinc sulfate is used as an astringent in lotions and eye drops. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995). zinc sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having zinc(2+) as the counterion.		2.0610metal sulfate;
zinc molecular entity		fertilizer
sodium sulfate
[no description available]		5.8331inorganic sodium salt
ferrous chloride
ferrous chloride: induces convulsions; RN given refers to parent cpd		1.9910iron coordination entity
copper sulfate
Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.		4.3841metal sulfateemetic;
fertilizer;
sensitiser
sodium thiosulfate
sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.		2.2510inorganic sodium saltantidote to cyanide poisoning;
antifungal drug;
nephroprotective agent
deuterium
Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.		7.9540dihydrogen
deuterium oxide
Deuterium Oxide: The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes.		2.0610deuterated compound;
water		NMR solvent
sulfonyl chloride
[no description available]		2.610sulfuryl halide
glycerol 1-stearate
glycerol 1-stearate: isolated from the young fronds of the bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum; structure in first source. rac-1-monostearoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol composed of equal amounts of 3-stearoyl-sn-glycerol and 1-stearoyl-sn-glycerol.. 1-monostearoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has stearoyl as the acyl group.		2.52201-acylglycerol 18:0;
rac-1-monoacylglycerol		algal metabolite;
Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite
galactose
aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.		3.460
ozone
Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.		9.3150elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity;
reactive oxygen species;
triatomic oxygen		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
electrophilic reagent;
greenhouse gas;
mutagen;
oxidising agent;
tracer
sodium selenite
disodium selenite : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and selenite ions in a 2:1 ratio.		7.4220inorganic sodium salt;
selenite salt		nutraceutical
cadmium chloride
Cadmium Chloride: A cadmium halide in the form of colorless crystals, soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It is used in photography, in dyeing, and calico printing, and as a solution to precipitate sulfides. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). cadmium dichloride : A cadmium coordination entity in which cadmium(2+) and Cl(-) ions are present in the ratio 2:1. Although considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding.		7.830cadmium coordination entity
4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan
4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan: A benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal N-NBD-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. It has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial ATPase and bacterial ATPase.. 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan : A benzoxadiazole that is 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine and at position 7 by a nitro group.		2.1510benzoxadiazole;
C-nitro compound;
organochlorine compound		EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.1.3 (adenosinetriphosphatase) inhibitor;
fluorescent probe;
fluorochrome
nsc-145,668
[no description available]		2.0310hydrochlorideantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
ancitabine
Ancitabine: Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.. ancitabine : An organic heterotricyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the oxo group of cytidine to the 2' position with loss of water to give the corresponding cyclic ether. A prodrug, it is metabolised to the antineoplastic agent cytarabine, so is used to maintain a more constant antineoplastic action.		2.610diol;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
barium chloride
barium chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. barium chloride : The inorganic dichloride salt of barium.		2.0310barium salt;
inorganic chloride		potassium channel blocker
trolamine salicylate
Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.		5.0140
chloropyramine
chloropyramine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.610aminopyridine
clodronic acid
Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.		3.57201,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
one-carbon compound;
organochlorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent
titanium dioxide
titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications.		12.4572titanium oxidesfood colouring
hydrocortisone-17-butyrate
cortisol 17-butyrate : Cortisol esterified with butyric acid at the 17-hydroxy group.		2.1310butyrate ester;
cortisol ester;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		dermatologic drug;
drug allergen
selegiline
Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.		4.3330selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
levamisole
Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.		2.6106-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazoleantinematodal drug;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
immunomodulator
7-methyljuglone
7-methyljuglone: antineoplastic from roots of Euclea natalensis and Drosera aliciae; structure in first source		2.0610hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
benserazide hydrochloride
benserazide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of benserazide. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide hydrochloride has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.		2.7530hydrochlorideantiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
pancuronium bromide
pancuronium bromide : A bromide salt consisting of two bromide ions and one pancuronium dication.		2.4420bromide saltcholinergic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
pentamethylmelamine
pentamethylmelamine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1310
eedq
EEDQ: peptide coupling reagent		2.1310
ferric nitrilotriacetate
ferric nitrilotriacetate: induces diabetes in animals (iron loading)		7.4220iron chelatecarcinogenic agent;
mutagen
n'-nitrosonornicotine
N'-nitrosonornicotine: structure; a potent carcinogen in laboratory animals		2.610pyridines;
pyrrolidines
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.		7.87560acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator
ornidazole
Ornidazole: A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.. ornidazole : A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.		2.1310C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
organochlorine compound;
secondary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antitrichomonal drug;
epitope
gold tetrachloride, acid
gold tetrachloride, acid: used in root canal therapy; RN given refers to (SP-4-1)		2.2110
fluorides
[no description available]		3.680halide anion;
monoatomic fluorine
danazol
Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.		2.442017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		anti-estrogen;
estrogen antagonist;
geroprotector
tetridamin
tetridamin: do not confuse with tetrodamine; structure		2.1310
stilbene oxide
stilbene oxide: inducer of epoxide hydratase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		210epoxide
metergoline
Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.		2.7530carbamate ester;
ergoline alkaloid		dopamine agonist;
geroprotector;
serotonergic antagonist
lisuride
Lisuride: An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).		2.0310monocarboxylic acid amideantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
serotonergic agonist
stannic oxide
tin dioxide : A tin oxide compound consisting of tin(IV) covalently bound to two oxygen atoms.		2.0810tin oxide
chromium
chromium hexavalent ion: a human respiratory carcinogen		7.1310chromium cation;
monoatomic hexacation
keracyanin
cyanidin 3-rutinoside: an anthocyanin compound. cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside chloride : A member of the class of anthocyanin chlorides that has cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside as the cationic counterpart.		2.7830anthocyanin chlorides
1-deoxynojirimycin
1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source. duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration.		3.02402-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol;
piperidine alkaloid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
iodine
[no description available]		2.9940halide anion;
monoatomic iodine		human metabolite
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		2.7530aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
capobenic acid
[no description available]		2.1310benzamides
phosphotyrosine
Phosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.. O(4)-phospho-L-tyrosine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-tyrosine phosphorylated at the phenolic hydroxy group.		1.9910L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
O(4)-phosphotyrosine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
immunogen
disopyramide phosphate
[no description available]		2.4420organoammonium phosphate
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate
[no description available]		2.4620methanesulfonate saltantiparkinson drug
bromocriptine
Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.		2.0310indole alkaloidantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
hormone antagonist
ergocristine
ergocristine: an ergot alkaloid; one of the three components of ergotoxine; has alpha blocking action, stimulates smooth muscles & antagonizes serotonin; used as oxytocic & in peripheral disorders; minor descriptor (77-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search EROLINES (77-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocristine : Ergotaman bearing benzyl, hydroxy, and isopropyl groups at the 5', 12' and 2' positions, respectively, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.		2.4420ergot alkaloid
fenitrothion
Fenitrothion: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.. fenitrothion : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl O-phenyl phosphorothioate substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a nitro group at position 4.		7.4110C-nitro compound;
organic thiophosphate		acaricide;
agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide
zingerone
zingerone: pungent principle of ginger; structure. zingerone : A methyl ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by methoxy and hydroxy groups respectively. The major pungent component in ginger.		2.0710methyl ketone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antiemetic;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.		4.78290benzenes;
phenyl acetates
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous
tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat.		10.23181chloride salt;
organic chloride salt		antiseptic drug;
surfactant
4-anisaldehyde
4-anisaldehyde: RN given refers to cpd with specified locants for methoxy moieties; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #696. p-methoxybenzaldehyde : A member of the class of benzaldehydes consisting of benzaldehyde itself carrying a methoxy substituent at position 4.		2.0510benzaldehydesbacterial metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
insect repellent;
plant metabolite
myrcene
myrcene: structure in first source. beta-myrcene : A monoterpene that is octa-1,6-diene bearing methylene and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.0610monoterpeneanabolic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
1,4-dioxane
1,4-dioxane: dehydrating agent; polar solvent miscible both with water & most organic solvents. dioxane : Any member of the class of dioxanes that is a cyclohexane in which two carbon atoms are replaced by oxygen atoms.. 1,4-dioxane : A dioxane with oxygen atoms at positions 1 and 4.		7.3110dioxane;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
non-polar solvent
triamcinolone
Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.		2.031011beta-hydroxy steroid;
16alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
thymolphthalein
Thymolphthalein: Used as a pH indicator and as a reagent for blood after decolorizing the alkaline solution by boiling with zinc dust.		2.1310terpene lactone
chloroprene
Chloroprene: Toxic, possibly carcinogenic, monomer of neoprene, a synthetic rubber; causes damage to skin, lungs, CNS, kidneys, liver, blood cells and fetuses. Synonym: 2-chlorobutadiene.		2.4110chloroolefin
ursodeoxycholic acid
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		9.5560bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pregnanolone
Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.		3.55203-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid		human metabolite;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
butylated hydroxytoluene
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-methylphenol substituted by tert-butyl groups at positions 2 and 6.		2.7830phenolsantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
food additive;
geroprotector
pyrene
pyrene: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7746. pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.		3.2510ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenefluorescent probe;
persistent organic pollutant
silybin
silibinin : A flavonolignan isolated from milk thistle, Silybum marianum, that has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and antineoplastic activities.		2.0810aromatic ether;
benzodioxine;
flavonolignan;
polyphenol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
benzonidazole
benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.		2.5120C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antiprotozoal drug
du-21220
Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.		2.0410benzyl alcohols;
polyphenol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
transferrin
Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.		2.5820
clobetasol propionate
Clobetasol Propionate: This is the form in trademark preparations.. clobetasol propionate : The 17-O-propionate ester of clobetasol. A potent corticosteroid, it is used to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid		anti-inflammatory drug
alkenes
[no description available]		2.4720
calcium oxalate
Calcium Oxalate: The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.. calcium oxalate : The calcium salt of oxalic acid, which in excess in the urine may lead to formation of oxalate calculi (kidney stones).		2.5520organic calcium salt
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		7.34311glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
glucaric acid
Glucaric Acid: A sugar acid derived from D-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidized to carboxylic acid groups.. D-glucaric acid : The D-enantiomer of glucaric acid.. glucaric acid : A hexaric acid derived by oxidation of sugar such as glucose with nitric acid.		2.7530glucaric acidantineoplastic agent
azoxymethane
Azoxymethane: A potent carcinogen and neurotoxic compound. It is particularly effective in inducing colon carcinomas.		3.4470
frentizole
frentizole: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1310
sodium azide
Sodium Azide: A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). sodium azide : The sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid).		2.4720inorganic sodium saltantibacterial agent;
explosive;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
mutagen
azides
Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.		2.5320pseudohalide anionmitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
adenosine diphosphate ribose
Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose: An ester formed between the aldehydic carbon of RIBOSE and the terminal phosphate of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE. It is produced by the hydrolysis of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by a variety of enzymes, some of which transfer an ADP-ribosyl group to target proteins.		2.2510ADP-sugarEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		9.3641penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
timolol
(S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.		2.0410timololanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
eterobarb
[no description available]		2.1310barbiturates
nigericin
Nigericin: A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nigericin : A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus.		2.4720polycyclic etherantibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite;
potassium ionophore
oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.		2.1310cyclic ketone;
dibenzoazepine		anticonvulsant;
drug allergen
4-ethynylbiphenyl
4-ethynylbiphenyl: structure given in first source		3.1210
ioxitalamic acid
ioxitalamic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; Telebrix 38 contains both sodium ioxitalamate & meglumine ioxitalamate; structure. iooxitalamic acid : An organoiodine compound that is 2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3 and a (2-hydroxyethyl)carbamoyl group at position 5. It is used as a contrast medium.		2.1310acetamides;
benzoic acids;
dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
moricizine hydrochloride
moricizine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained from equimola amounts of moricizine and hydrogen chloride.		2.1310hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		3.1650azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl : A tetrachlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which the hydrogens at position 3 and 4 on each phenyl group are replaced by chlorines.		2.5820dichlorobenzene;
tetrachlorobiphenyl
procymidone
procymidone : An azabicycloalkane that is 1,5-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,4-dione in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. A fungicide widely used in horticulture as a seed dressing, pre-harvest spray or post-harvest dip for the control of various diseases.		2.0310
4-ipomeanol
4-ipomeanol: lung-toxic furanoterpenoid produced in moldy sweet potatoes in response to fungus infection; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.1210aromatic ketone
tobramycin
Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.		7.3110amino cyclitol glycosideantibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
toxin
proroxan hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		7.42360taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
etomidate
ethnor: an adsorbable haemostatic bone sealant		2.1310imidazoles
kc 400
KC 400: mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls. 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl : A tetrachlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which both phenyl groups are substituted by chlorines at positions 3 and 5.		2.1510dichlorobenzene;
tetrachlorobiphenyl
buspirone hydrochloride
buspirone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of buspirone and hydrogen chloride.		2.7530hydrochlorideanxiolytic drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
sedative;
serotonergic agonist
etoposide
[no description available]		4.41200beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
propafenone hydrochloride
propafenone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of propafenone. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.		2.7530hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug
dobutamine
Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		2.0510catecholamine;
secondary amine		beta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
ticarcillin
Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.		2.1110penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
1,2,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
1,2,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: structure in first source		2.0510
3,5-dichlorobiphenyl
3,5-dichlorobiphenyl : A dichlorobiphenyl that is 1,3-dichlorobenzene in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a phenyl group.		2.1510dichlorobenzene;
dichlorobiphenyl
2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
[no description available]		2.610hexachlorobiphenyl
etazolate hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
n,n'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-n,n'-diacetic acid
[no description available]		2.0610
butaclamol
[no description available]		2.0310amino alcohol;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist
ribavirin
Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename		10.07911-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
amikacin
Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.		10.121alpha-D-glucoside;
amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside;
carboxamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
nephrotoxin
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate
Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.		2.7730butyrate ester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl
[no description available]		2.1110
carbidopa
[no description available]		2.4420catechols;
hydrate;
hydrazines;
monocarboxylic acid		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
cephradine
Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.		2.4620beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
ticrynafen
Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.		3.1210aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antihypertensive agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
loop diuretic
methyldopa
Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		2.0310L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
hapten;
peripheral nervous system drug;
sympatholytic agent
pyridoxal phosphate
[no description available]		2.610pyridinecarbaldehyde
bezafibrate
[no description available]		4.3150aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
sq-11725
Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.		2.1310
diltiazem
Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		9.05405-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetateantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.		3.4470pyridinium ionapoptosis inducer;
herbicide;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
neurotoxin
lonidamine
lonidamine: structure. lonidamine : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole that is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by 2,4-dichlorobenzyl and carboxy groups, respectively.		2.0310dichlorobenzene;
indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		antineoplastic agent;
antispermatogenic agent;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.		6.49411alpha-amino acid ester;
L-arginine derivative;
methyl ester;
N-nitro compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
dexibuprofen
dexibuprofen: structure in first source		2.0310ibuprofennon-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
deoxynivalenol
deoxynivalenol : A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium to which wheat, barley, maize (corn) and their products are susceptible to contamination.		3.0540cyclic ketone;
enone;
primary alcohol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
trichothecene;
triol		mycotoxin
picobenzide
[no description available]		2.1310
quisqualic acid
Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.		2.4620non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
decamethrin
decamethrin: pyrethroid insecticide; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.3110aromatic ether;
cyclopropanecarboxylate ester;
nitrile;
organobromine compound		agrochemical;
antifeedant;
calcium channel agonist;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
pyrethroid ester insecticide
pirfenidone
pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.		2.0310pyridoneantipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid
[no description available]		6.09360chromanol;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger;
Wnt signalling inhibitor
flecainide acetate
flecainide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining flecainide with one molar equivalent of acetic acid. An antiarrhythmic agent used to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).		2.7530acetate saltanti-arrhythmia drug
nicardipine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530dihydropyridinegeroprotector
7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide
7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide: 7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.		2.0310epoxideintercalator
triadimenol
triadimenol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butane-1,2-diol substituted at position O1 by a 4-chlorophenyl group. A fungicide for cereals, beet and brassicas used to control a range of diseases including powdery mildew, rusts, bunts and smuts.		2.1310aromatic ether;
conazole fungicide;
hemiaminal ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary alcohol;
triazole fungicide		antifungal agrochemical;
EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor;
xenobiotic metabolite
nitazoxanide
nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug		2.610benzamides;
carboxylic ester
acarbose
[no description available]		3.5110tetrasaccharide derivativeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
epirubicin
Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.		7.5220aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
anthracycline;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
p-quinones;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
enkephalin, methionine
Enkephalin, Methionine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from LEU-ENKEPHALIN by the amino acid METHIONINE in position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.		2.2110
idarubicin
Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.		7.7430anthracycline antibiotic;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative
n-cyano-n'-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-n''-(3-pyridinyl)guanidine
N-cyano-N'-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-N''-(3-pyridinyl)guanidine: potassium channel opener		2.110pyridines
nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine
nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine: structure. nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine : A nitrosamine that is iminodiacetone that is substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom. It induces pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in Syrian golden hamsters (other rodents are not susceptible).		2.0310ketone;
nitrosamine		carcinogenic agent
paroxetine
Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.		3.5320aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.		3.1850alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
terazosin hydrochloride anhydrous
[no description available]		2.7530
4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone: structure; from tobacco smoke		210nitrosamine;
pyridines
oltipraz
oltipraz : A 1,2-dithiole that is 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione substituted at positions 4 and 5 by methyl and pyrazin-2-yl groups respectively.		3.86301,2-dithiole;
pyrazines		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimutagen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin;
protective agent;
schistosomicide drug
pergolide mesylate
pergolide mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained from pergolide by mixing eqimolar amount of pergolide and methanesulfonic acid. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.		2.7530methanesulfonate saltantiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
geroprotector
ranitidine hydrochloride
label : A role played by a part of a molecular entity distinguishable by the observer but not by the system and used to identify a tracer.		2.0310
colforsin
Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.		6.41120acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
labdane diterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
triol		adenylate cyclase agonist;
anti-HIV agent;
antihypertensive agent;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
protein kinase A agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous
Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0410cephalosporinantibacterial drug
cerm-1978
bepridil hydrochloride : The hydrochloride of bepridil.		2.1310hydrochloride
fiacitabine
fiacitabine: anti-herpes virus agent which also inhibits growth of certain human tumor cell lines in vitro.		2.610
cefaclor anhydrous
Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0310cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
avobenzone
[no description available]		2.5120dihydrochalcones
fomesafen
fomesafen: a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide. fomesafen : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide that is N-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide in which the phenyl ring is substituted by a nitro group at position 2 and a 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it was specially developed for use (generally as the corresponding sodium salt, fomesafen-sodium) for post-emergence control of broad-leaf weeds in soya.		2.1510aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
organofluorine compound;
phenols		agrochemical;
EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor;
herbicide
swainsonine
Swainsonine: An indolizidine alkaloid from the plant Swainsona canescens that is a potent alpha-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine also exhibits antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activity.. swainsonine : An indolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant Swainsona canescens with three hydroxy substituents at positions 1, 2 and 8.		2.0710indolizidine alkaloidantineoplastic agent;
EC 3.2.1.114 (mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3-1,6-alpha-mannosidase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
plant metabolite
alo 2145
apraclonidine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of apraclonidine.		2.0310hydrochloridealpha-adrenergic agonist;
antiglaucoma drug
dazoxiben hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
lovastatin
Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).		4.4960delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		anticholesteremic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
prodrug
2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline
2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline: mutagen found in broiled food; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source; frequently abbreviated as IQ in the literature. 3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinolin-2-amine : An imidazoquinoline that is 3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and an amino group at position 2.		2.0110imidazoquinolinecarcinogenic agent
enoximone
Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.		2.0310aromatic ketone
castanospermine
castanospermine: indolizidine alkaloid from seeds of Australian legume, Castanospermum australe. castanospermine : A tetrahydroxyindolizidine alkaloid that consists of octahydroindolizine having four hydroxy substituents located at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 (the 1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR-diastereomer).		2.0710indolizidine alkaloidanti-HIV-1 agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
simvastatin
Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.		5.66130delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
statin (semi-synthetic)		EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
prodrug
pravastatin
Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		2.84303-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
carbobicyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
xenobiotic
imazapyr, (+-)-isomer
imazapyr: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. imazapyr : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-imazapyr. An inhibitor of acetohydroxyacid synthase, it is used (generally as the isopropylamine salt, known as imazapyr-isopropylammonium) as a herbicide, particularly for the control of perennial grasses, broad-leaved weeds, woody plants, brambles, etc., on non-crop land. It is not approved for use within the European Union.. 2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4,5-dihydro-imidazol-2-yl group, which in turn is substituted at positions 4, 4, and 5 by isopropyl, ethyl, and oxo groups, respectively.		3.1910imidazolines;
imidazolone;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid;
pyridines
cabergoline
Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.		8.6920N-acylureaantineoplastic agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
bambuterol
bambuterol: selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase & acetylcholinesterase. bambuterol : A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.		3.2510carbamate ester;
phenylethanolamines		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
atomoxetine
atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.		2.7330aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound;
toluenes		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
raloxifene hydrochloride
Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride.		3.360hydrochloridebone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
mifepristone
Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.		4.53703-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		abortifacient;
contraceptive drug;
hormone antagonist;
synthetic oral contraceptive
itraconazole
Itraconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.. itraconazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.		2.3110aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
cyclic ketal;
dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
quinpirole hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
imazodan
imazodan: RN & structure given in first source;		2.0310
salmeterol xinafoate
Salmeterol Xinafoate: A selective ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR agonist that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR when administered by inhalation. It is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.		2.0510naphthoic acid
ranolazine
Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.		2.5720aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
secondary alcohol
brequinar
brequinar : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline substituted by 2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl, methyl, carboxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6, respectively. It is an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that is required for de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. The compound exhibits antineoplastic and antiviral properties.		2.610biphenyls;
monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
EC 1.3.5.2 [dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor
fura-2
Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues.		2.9940
finasteride
Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.		7.8303-oxo steroid;
aza-steroid;
delta-lactam		androgen antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
imiquimod
Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.		4.8850imidazoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
interferon inducer
fadrozole
Fadrozole: A selective aromatase inhibitor effective in the treatment of estrogen-dependent disease including breast cancer.		2.0710imidazopyridine
adefovir
adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		2.52206-aminopurines;
ether;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent
aromasil
[no description available]		2.542017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sparfloxacin
[no description available]		2.0410fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone
zileuton
[no description available]		3.84301-benzothiophenes;
ureas		anti-asthmatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel
Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.		3.1210methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous
Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.		2.610phosphonic acids;
pyrimidone		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
photosensitizing agent
marbofloxacin
[no description available]		2.3110quinolines
mibefradil dihydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
mibefradil
Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.		3.5320tetralinsT-type calcium channel blocker
topotecan
Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.		7.4320pyranoindolizinoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
eliprodil
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(4-fluorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanol : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine substituted by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl group at position 1 and by a 4-fluorobenzyl group at position 4.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
piperidines;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
celgosivir
celgosivir: inhibits glycoprotein processing & the growth of HIVs		2.610
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		3.99120organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
aripiprazole
Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.		7.5720aromatic ether;
delta-lactam;
dichlorobenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone		drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic agonist
atorvastatin
[no description available]		5.1791aromatic amide;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrroles;
statin (synthetic)		environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
lamivudine
[no description available]		2.610monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
oxacycle;
primary alcohol		allergen;
anti-HBV agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
duloxetine hydrochloride
Duloxetine Hydrochloride: A thiophene derivative and selective NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITOR for SEROTONIN and NORADRENALINE (SNRI). It is an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT and ANXIOLYTIC, and is also used for the treatment of pain in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS and FIBROMYALGIA.. (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride : A duloxetine hydrochloride in which the duloxetine moiety has S configuration.		2.2510duloxetine hydrochlorideantidepressant
irinotecan
[no description available]		9.7850carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
aptiganel hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
valsartan
Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.		7.8220biphenylyltetrazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
zanamivir
Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.		2.610guanidinesantiviral agent;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
adefovir dipivoxil
bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		2.6106-aminopurines;
carbonate ester;
ether;
organic phosphonate		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent;
prodrug
emtricitabine
Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		7.8630monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidone		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
capecitabine
Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.		3.1910carbamate ester;
cytidines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit		4.98140adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
phenelzine sulfate
[no description available]		2.4420organic molecular entity
4-pentenoic acid
4-pentenoic acid: inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation; RN given refers to parent cpd. pent-4-enoic acid : A pentenoic acid having the double bond at position 4.		2.110pentenoic acid
octyl gallate
[no description available]		2.610gallate esterfood antioxidant;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
vanadates
Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.		2.9440trivalent inorganic anion;
vanadium oxoanion		EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
dimethylhydrazines
Dimethylhydrazines: Hydrazines substituted with two methyl groups in any position.		2.1710
tobramycin sulfate
[no description available]		2.1310
2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline
2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline: strong mutagens found in broiled food; structure given in first source		2.2510aminoquinoline
2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline
2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline: strong mutagen found in broiled foods; structure given in first source. MeIQx : An imidazoquinoxaline that is 3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline substituted at positions 3 and 8 by methyl groups and at position 2 by an amino group. A mutagenic compound found in cooked beef.		2.4820aromatic amine;
imidazoquinoxaline		carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
Maillard reaction product;
mutagen
acridine orange
Acridine Orange: A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.. acridine orange : Fluorescent dye useful for cell cycle determination. It is cell-permeable, and interacts with DNA and RNA by intercalation or electrostatic attractions respectively.. acridine orange free base : A member of the class of aminoacridines that is acridine carrying two dimethylamino substituents at positions 3 and 6. The hydrochloride salt is the fluorescent dye 'acridine orange', used for cell cycle determination.		2.7530aminoacridines;
aromatic amine;
tertiary amino compound		fluorochrome;
histological dye
benzylaminopurine
benzylaminopurine: a plant growth regulator. N-benzyladenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a benzyl group.		2.13106-aminopurinescytokinin;
plant metabolite
caloreen
caloreen: glucose polymer with average length of five glucose units for dietary energy supplement. dextrin : Glucans produced by the hydrolysis of starch or glycogen. They are mixtures of polymers of D-glucose units linked by alpha(1->4) or alpha(1->6) glycosidic bonds.		2.3110
daunorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710anthracycline
fluoxetine hydrochloride
fluoxetine hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.		2.7530hydrochloride;
N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine
propranolol hydrochloride
Inderex: combination of above cpds; used in treatment of hypertension		2.4420hydrochloride
bupropion hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420aromatic ketone
diltiazem hydrochloride
Carex: fluoride (1.8%) containing varnish; no further information available 8/91. diltiazem hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of diltiazem and hydrogen chloride. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		2.4720hydrochlorideantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
trazodone hydrochloride
Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.		3.6280hydrochlorideadrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
verapamil hydrochloride
verapamil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil hydrochloride and (S)-verapamil hydrochloride.		2.7530
doxazosin mesylate
Cardura: Trade name in United States.		2.7530methanesulfonate saltgeroprotector
terfenadine
[no description available]		2.4420diarylmethane
sertraline hydrochloride
sertraline hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of sertraline and hydrogen chloride. A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.		2.0510hydrochlorideantidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
efavirenz
efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		8.0120acetylenic compound;
benzoxazine;
cyclopropanes;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir
Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.		3.620aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
amantadine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochlorideantiviral agent;
dopamine agonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		12.091953D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
mevastatin
mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.		2.46202-pyranones;
carboxylic ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		antifungal agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
Penicillium metabolite
chloroquine diphosphate
[no description available]		3.8630
fenofibric acid
fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.		2.0710aromatic ketone;
chlorobenzophenone;
monocarboxylic acid		drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.42202-benzofuransfluorochrome
ursolic acid
[no description available]		5.84160hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		geroprotector;
plant metabolite
n-methylnicotinamide
N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.		2.0410pyridinecarboxamidemetabolite
norharman
norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.		2.520beta-carbolines;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent		fungal metabolite;
marine metabolite
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		4.44210organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
betulinic acid
[no description available]		4.6540hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
plant metabolite
arctigenin
arctigenin: precursor to catechols; in many plants		2.610lignan
baicalin
[no description available]		5.8361dihydroxyflavone;
glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		antiatherosclerotic agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
plerixafor
plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.		2.610azacycloalkane;
azamacrocycle;
benzenes;
crown amine;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist;
immunological adjuvant
amprenavir
[no description available]		3.620carbamate ester;
sulfonamide;
tetrahydrofuryl ester		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir
Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.		2.610acetamides;
amino acid ester;
cyclohexenecarboxylate ester;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
allicin
[no description available]		4.4230botanical anti-fungal agent;
sulfoxide		antibacterial agent
5-methylcytosine
5-Methylcytosine: A methylated nucleotide base found in eukaryotic DNA. In ANIMALS, the DNA METHYLATION of CYTOSINE to form 5-methylcytosine is found primarily in the palindromic sequence CpG. In PLANTS, the methylated sequence is CpNpGp, where N can be any base.. 5-methylcytosine : A pyrimidine that is a derivative of cytosine, having a methyl group at the 5-position.		2.930methylcytosine;
pyrimidines		human metabolite
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		17.11676flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
n-acetylaspartic acid
N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid : An N-acyl-L-aspartic acid in which the acyl group is specified as acetyl.		2.0210N-acetyl-L-amino acid;
N-acyl-L-aspartic acid		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
rat metabolite
gallocatechol
gallocatechol: structure give in first source; RN given for (trans-(+-))-omer; inhibits DNA-dependent DNA & RNA polymerases. (+)-gallocatechin : A gallocatechin that has (2R,3S)-configuration. It is found in green tea and bananas.. gallocatechin : A catechin that is a flavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 3', 4', 5, 5' and 7 (the trans isomer). It is isolated from Acacia mearnsii.		4.2950gallocatechinantioxidant;
metabolite;
radical scavenger
2,4-diaminoquinazoline
[no description available]		2.1310
25-hydroxycholesterol
[no description available]		3.561125-hydroxy steroid;
oxysterol		human metabolite
10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium
10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium: chemoluminescent probe; RN given refers to dinitrate; Lucigenin refers to dinitrate		2.4320
1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine
1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.2110
aica ribonucleotide
AICA ribonucleotide: purine precursor that has antineoplastic activity. AICA ribonucleotide : A 1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide that is acadesine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position has been converted to its monophosphate derivative.		6.31801-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide;
aminoimidazole		cardiovascular drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
salvin
salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae)		3.6120abietane diterpenoid;
carbotricyclic compound;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
food preservative;
HIV protease inhibitor;
plant metabolite
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol
dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol : A phosphatidylglycerol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both palmitoyl.		2.1710phosphatidylglycerol
bathocuproine
bathocuproine: reagent for copper; RN given refers to parent cpd		210
nile red
nile red : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one substituted at position 9 by a diethylamino group.		2.110aromatic amine;
cyclic ketone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		fluorochrome;
histological dye
lissamine rhodamine b
lissamine rhodamine B: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lissamine Rhodamine B refers to Na salt		2.5720
rhodamine 110
rhodamine 110: RN given refers to chloride		3.3520
neocuproine
neocuproine: Spectrophotometric determination of copper and ultramicro blood sugar determinations; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. neocuproine : A member of the class of phenanthrolines that is 1,10-phenanthroline bearing two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 9.		2.7430phenanthrolineschelator;
copper chelator
1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose
pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.		2.520gallate ester;
galloyl beta-D-glucose		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent;
radical scavenger
cephalotaxine
[no description available]		2.610benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
enol ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
dobutamine hydrochloride
dobutamine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dobutamine. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		2.4420hydrochloridebeta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
desipramine hydrochloride
desipramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of desipramine.		3.0140hydrochloridedrug allergen
mefloquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610hydrochloride
ticlopidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310hydrochloride
dopamine hydrochloride
P 498: structure in first source; do not confuse with dopamine chloride, also known as P 498		2.7530catecholamine
proadifen hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7730
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid: spelled pyrolidine in J Nutr 1979 reference; RN given refers to parent cpd. pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is the N-dithiocarboxy derivative of pyrrolidine.		2.7430dithiocarbamic acids;
pyrrolidines		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
radical scavenger
glutathione disulfide
Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.		6.39141glutathione derivative;
organic disulfide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
baccatin iii
[no description available]		2.0710acetate ester;
benzoate ester;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		plant metabolite
4-amino-4'-hydroxylaminodiphenylsulfone
4-amino-4'-hydroxylaminodiphenylsulfone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd		2.1110sulfonic acid derivative
4-nitrobenzylthioinosine
4-nitrobenzylthioinosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport; acts on ENT1		2.4420purine nucleoside
taleranol
taleranol: a metabolite of ZEARALENONE which is a non-steroidal estrogenic lactone used as an anabolic compound in animal feed; a stereoisomer of ZERANOL (alpha-zearalanol)		2.0710macrolide
narasin
[no description available]		2.0710diterpene glycoside
halopemide
halopemide: structure		2.0510
sulconazole, mononitrate, (+-)-isomer
[no description available]		2.1310conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
organic nitrate salt
acetylcholine bromide
acetylcholine bromide : The bromide salt of acetylcholine.		2.1310bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt
tetraiodothyroacetic acid
tetraiodothyroacetic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is thyroacetic acid carrying four iodo substituents at positions 3, 3', 5 and 5'.		2.98402-halophenol;
aromatic ether;
iodophenol;
monocarboxylic acid		apoptosis inducer;
human metabolite;
thyroid hormone
quassin
quassin: article discusses quassinoid principle; structure		2.0710triterpenoid
tomatidine
tomatidine: RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,22beta,25S)-isomer; structure. tomatidine : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid resulting from the substitution of the 3beta-hydrogen of tomatidane by a hydroxy group.		2.07103beta-hydroxy steroid;
azaspiro compound;
oxaspiro compound
aloxistatin
aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.		2.8430epoxide;
ethyl ester;
L-leucine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide		anticoronaviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor
propazole
propazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.610benzimidazoles
metrifudil
[no description available]		2.0310
rutecarpine
rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules		4.9160beta-carbolines
tryptamide
tryptamide: structure given in first source		2.1310
dexverapamil
dexverapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has R configuration. It competitively inhibits the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein (MDR-1, EC 3.6.3.44), thereby potentially increasing the effectiveness of a wide range of antineoplastic drugs which are inactivated by MDR-1 mechanisms. Dexverapamil exhibits lower calcium antagonistic activity and toxicity than racemic verapamil.		3.12102-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrileEC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
pidotimod
pidotimod: RN given refers to compound with unspecified stereochemistry		2.3110peptide
prulifloxacin
prulifloxacin: structure given in first source		2.610fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic
telmisartan
Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.		2.610benzimidazoles;
biphenyls;
carboxybiphenyl		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530aralkylamine
oxyphencyclimine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310pyrimidines
thioridazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochloridefirst generation antipsychotic;
geroprotector
diphenylpyraline hydrochloride
diphenylpyraline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenylpyraline. A sedating antihistamine, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and hay fever, and in pruritic skin disorders.		2.1310hydrochloridecholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist
bergenin
bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure		2.8430trihydroxybenzoic acidmetabolite
procainamide hydrochloride
procainamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride which has procainamide as the amino component.		2.4720hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug
siquil
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochlorideanticoronaviral agent
mepivacaine hydrochloride
mepivacaine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of mepivacaine. It is used as a local anaesthetic.		2.1310hydrochloride;
piperidinecarboxamide		local anaesthetic
sotalol hydrochloride
sotalol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is the monohydrochloride of sotalol. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.		2.0310hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
oxymetazoline hydrochloride
oxymetazoline hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar quantities of oxymetazoline and hydrogen chloride. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used to relieve nasal congestion.		2.7530hydrochloridealpha-adrenergic agonist;
nasal decongestant;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
diphenidol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310diarylmethane
alprenolol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochloride
edoxudin
[no description available]		2.1310pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
2-methoxyestradiol
2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.		4.094017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
6-ketoestradiol
[no description available]		2.1310
17 beta-estradiol hemisuccinate
[no description available]		2.1310
amizyl
[no description available]		2.1310
naphthalimides
Naphthalimides: Compounds with three fused rings that appear like a naphthalene fused to piperidone or like a benz(de)isoquinoline-1,3-dione (not to be confused with BENZYLISOQUINOLINES which have a methyl separating the naphthyl from the benzyl rings). Members are CYTOTOXINS.		2.4620
toxoflavin
toxoflavin: azapteridine antibiotic; structure. toxoflavin : A pyrimidotriazine that is 1,6-dimethyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine with oxo groups at positions 5 and 7.		3.2310carbonyl compound;
pyrimidotriazine		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
toxin;
virulence factor;
Wnt signalling inhibitor
salicylhydroxamic acid
[no description available]		2.1310hydroxamic acid;
phenols		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.11.2.2 (myeloperoxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug
4-phenylbenzoic acid
4-phenylbenzoic acid: RN given refers to 4-carboxylic cpd		2.1510
phenoxazine
phenoxazine: RN given refers to 10H-phenoxazine. 10H-phenoxazine : A member of the class of phenoxazines that is morpholine which is ortho-fused to two benzene rings at positions 2-3 and 5-6.		210phenoxazineferroptosis inhibitor;
radical scavenger
fluphenazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420phenothiazinesanticoronaviral agent
1,7-phenanthroline
[no description available]		3.1450phenanthroline
benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole
[no description available]		2.0210
triazoles
Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.		8.831001,2,3-triazole
tryptamine monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
5-fluoroindole
[no description available]		2.0510fluoroindole
3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
[no description available]		2.1310
pinocembrin
pinocembrin : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7. A natural product found in Piper sarmentosum and Cryptocarya chartacea.		2.4920(2S)-flavan-4-one;
dihydroxyflavanone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
vasodilator agent
orsellinic acid
orsellinic acid: from the Sonoran desert endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum; structure in first source. o-orsellinic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by a methyl group.		2.1310dihydroxybenzoic acid;
resorcinols		fungal metabolite;
marine metabolite;
metabolite
tangeretin
tangeretin: structure given in first source; from citrus plants; inhibits invasion of MO4 mouse cells into embryonic chick heart in vitro. tangeretin : A pentamethoxyflavone flavone with methoxy groups at positions 4', 5, 6 , 7 and 8.. pentamethoxyflavone : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a five methoxy groups.		3.1310pentamethoxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
isopimpinellin
isopimpinellin: from Ruta graveolens & Heracleum lanatum; structure		3.2510psoralens
isoimperatorin
isoimperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist isolated from Glehniae root. isoimperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 5. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		3.2510psoralensEC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
metabolite
5-hydroxyflavone
[no description available]		3.7320flavones
phenylacetylglycine
phenylacetylglycine : A N-acylglycine that is glycine substituted on nitrogen with a phenylacetyl group.		2.1710monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-acylglycine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
2,3-trimethylene-4-quinazolone
2,3-trimethylene-4-quinazolone: structure in first source		2.2510quinazolines
sesamol
sesamol: constituent of sesame oil; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source		7.0110benzodioxoles
1,2-dithiol-3-thione
1,2-dithiol-3-thione: has antioxidant activity; structure given in first source		2.6101,2-dithiole
dyclonine hydrochloride
dyclonine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dyclonine.		2.1310hydrochloridetopical anaesthetic
clomipramine hydrochloride
clomipramine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of clomipramine and hydrogen chloride. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.		2.7530hydrochlorideanticoronaviral agent;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonergic drug
amiloride hydrochloride
amiloride hydrochloride dihydrate : A hydrate that is the dihydrate of amiloride hydrochloride.		2.4420hydratediuretic;
sodium channel blocker
prazosin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochloride
mianserin hydrochloride
mianserin hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of mianserin, a tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects.		2.7530hydrochloridegeroprotector
miconazole nitrate
miconazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole nitrate. An antifungal used for the treatment of athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.4920
4-methoxyestradiol
4-methoxyestradiol: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer. 4-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a methoxy group.		3.251017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
aromatic ether;
phenols		estrogen;
human metabolite;
rat metabolite
econazole nitrate
econazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole nitrate. Used to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.		2.1310
fluorodeoxyglucose f18
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)		2.08102-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose;
2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
lomefloxacin hydrochloride
lomefloxacin hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of lomefloxacin. It is administered by mouth to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used topically as eye drops for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, and as ear drops for the treatment of otitis externa and otitis media.		2.4420hydrochlorideantimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
photosensitizing agent
fenspiride hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
nilverm
[no description available]		2.4420organic molecular entity
sanguinarine chloride
[no description available]		2.7330
ropinirole hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420indoles
zoledronic acid
Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.		4.28401,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
imidazoles		bone density conservation agent
artemisinin
(+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.		9.8950organic peroxide;
sesquiterpene lactone		antimalarial;
plant metabolite
plasmenylserine
plasmenylserine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. O-phospho-L-serine : The L-enantiomer of O-phosphoserine.. O-phosphoserine : A serine derivative that is serine substituted at the oxygen atom by a phosphono group.		2.0310O-phosphoserineEC 1.4.7.1 [glutamate synthase (ferredoxin)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.49 (O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
brinzolamide
brinzolamide: an antiglaucoma agent		2.610sulfonamide;
thienothiazine		antiglaucoma drug;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one
4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is quinolin-2(1H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 4.		2.0510quinolone
4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone
[no description available]		2.0510benzophenones
2,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		2.1310
beta-hydroxyisovaleric acid
3-hydroxyisovaleric acid : A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is isovaleric acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. Used as indicator of biotin deficiency.		2.1103-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidhuman metabolite
5-aminovaleric acid hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
malvidin chloride
[no description available]		3.2710
n'-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide
N'-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide: structure. N-methyl-6-pyridone-3-carboxamide : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted with a carboxamide group at C-5 and a methyl group at N-1.		2.1710methylpyridines;
pyridinecarboxamide;
pyridone		metabolite;
mouse metabolite
isoscopoletin
isoscopoletin : A hydroxycoumarin that is esculetin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is the major primary metabolite of scoparone.		2.0710aromatic ether;
hydroxycoumarin		plant metabolite
1-hydroxy-2(1h)-pyridinone
1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone: structure in first source		4.2220
2,2'-Dihydroxybenzophenone
[no description available]		2.0510benzophenones
3-chloroperbenzoic acid
3-chloroperbenzoic acid: oxidizing agent		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
peroxy acid
biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid: structure in first source		2.1510
n-acetyltryptamine
N-acetyltryptamine: antagonizes the melatonin-induced inhibition of dopamine release from retina; RN given refers to parent cpd. N-acetyltryptamine : A tryptamine compound having an acetyl substituent attached to the side-chain amino function.		2.0310acetamides;
indoles
5-hydroxymethylcytosine
5-(hydroxymethyl)cytosine : A nucleobase analogue that is cytosine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a hydroxymethyl group.		2.6620aminopyrimidine;
aromatic primary alcohol;
nucleobase analogue;
pyrimidone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
morpholinopropane sulfonic acid
3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid : A Good's buffer substance, pKa = 7.2 at 20 degreeC.		2.1310MOPS;
morpholines;
organosulfonic acid
2,3,4-trihydroxbenzophenone
2,3,4-trihydroxbenzophenone : A benzenetriol that is benzophenone in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, and 4. It is a redox mediator.		2.0510benzenetriol;
hydroxybenzophenone		drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
human urinary metabolite;
quorum sensing inhibitor;
rat metabolite
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine: causes NADPH-& time-dependent in vitro loss of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450; do not confuse with etoprine, also called DDEP		3.1210
2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde
2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde: structure in first source. 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde : A dihydroxybenzaldehyde carrying hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 5.		2.0510dihydroxybenzaldehydehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Penicillium metabolite
2-Methoxyxanthone
[no description available]		2.1710xanthones
D-serine
[no description available]		2.0310D-alpha-amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
dipropylacetamide
dipropylacetamide: structure. valpromide : A fatty amide derived from valproic acid.		2.610fatty amidegeroprotector;
metabolite;
teratogenic agent
dihydroergotamine mesylate
dihydroergotamine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergotamine, a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine. Both the mesylate and the tartrate salts are used for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.		2.4420methanesulfonate saltnon-narcotic analgesic;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
oxprenolol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610
enrofloxacin
Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.		2.1310cyclopropanes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
vinburnine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
ranolazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
dexrazoxane
Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.		3.7620razoxaneantineoplastic agent;
cardiovascular drug;
chelator;
immunosuppressive agent
clobetasone butyrate
[no description available]		2.1310organic molecular entity
tyloxapol
tyloxapol: non-ionic detergent with surface-active properties; incompatible with metals; surfactant also used in inhalation therapy; N1 is from CA Vol 90 Form Index; N1 in Chemline is same as synonym 8. tyloxapol : A polymeric compound resulting from the reaction of 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol with formaldehyde to give a chain in which 6-8 molecules are linked together by CH2 groups ortho to the phenolic hydroxy groups, which have then undergone reaction with oxirane to give polyoxyethyleneoxy moieties, Ar(OCH2CH2)xOH, where x = 8-10. A nonionic liquic polymer, it inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hence clearance of triglyceride from the plasma, so is used to induce hyperlipidaemia in test animals. Also used as a surfactant to aid liquefaction and removal of mucus- and pus-containing bronchopulmonary secretions.		2.0710
masoprocol
Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase.		2.7130nordihydroguaiaretic acidantineoplastic agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite
loxapine succinate
[no description available]		2.7530succinate saltgeroprotector
guanfacine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530acetamidesgeroprotector
pirenzepine dihydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310hydrochloride
tocophersolan
tocophersolan: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.460tocol
labetalol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530salicylamides
diflorasone diacetate
diflorasone diacetate : The 17,21-diacetate derivative of diflorasone. It is used topically for its anti-inflammatory and antipruritic properties in the treatment of various skin disorders.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
acetate ester;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipruritic drug
acecainide hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4720
loperamide hydrochloride
loperamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining loperamide with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used for treatment of diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		2.7530hydrochlorideanticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
maprotiline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530anthracenes
protoporphyrin ix, disodium salt
[no description available]		2.0310
opipramol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.5320
hydroxyzine dihydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
betamipron
[no description available]		2.1310organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
moroxydine
[no description available]		2.610biguanides
secnidazole
[no description available]		2.1310C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
secondary alcohol		epitope
siguazodan
[no description available]		2.0310pyridazinone
thioxolone
tioxolone : A 1,3-benzoxathiole having a hydroxy substituent at the 6-position.		2.610benzoxathioleantiseborrheic
ubenimex
ubenimex: growth inhibitor		2.7830
avarol
avarol: RN given refers to parent cpd; extract from Dysidea avara(sea sponge)		2.0210
3-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropylphosphocholine
3-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropylphosphocholine: anti-HIV agent; RN & structure given in first source		2.0310
epicatechin
(-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.		3.85110catechin;
polyphenol		antioxidant
gallocatechol
(-)-epigallocatechin : A flavan-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexol having (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.0410catechin;
flavan-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexol		antioxidant;
food component;
plant metabolite
6-hydroxyflavone
6-hydroxyflavone: antioxidant; structure in first source		2.4110hydroxyflavonoid
hesperetin
[no description available]		8.661523'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
monomethoxyflavanone;
trihydroxyflavanone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
4-o-methyl-12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate
[no description available]		210
magnolol
[no description available]		2.5420biphenyls
honokiol
[no description available]		3.2750biphenyls
sesamin
(+)-sesamin : A lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.		4.2420benzodioxoles;
furofuran;
lignan		antineoplastic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
chelerythrine chloride
[no description available]		2.9640
betulin
betulin: isolated from various white birch bark (BETULA). betulin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents.		2.0710diol;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		analgesic;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
metabolite
tetrahydroalstonine
tetrahydroalstonine : A heteropentacyclic compound that is (20alpha)-16,17-didehydro-18-oxayohimban which is substituted at position 16 by a methoxycarbonyl group and at position 19 by a methyl group. It is a metabolite found in several plant species.		2.0710methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
yohimban alkaloid		plant metabolite
hernandezine
hernandezine: from Thalictrum glandulosissimum; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (1beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/91		2.0710bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
nobiletin
nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively.		4.640methoxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
lycorine
lycorine: from bulbs of LYCORIS & other plants; RN given refers to (1 alpha,2 beta)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5444. lycorine : An indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.		2.610indolizidine alkaloidanticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
gentamicin c1a
[no description available]		3.5110gentamycin C
leupeptin
[no description available]		2.610aldehyde;
tripeptide		bacterial metabolite;
calpain inhibitor;
cathepsin B inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.4 (trypsin) inhibitor;
serine protease inhibitor
picropodophyllin
picropodophyllin: isolated from American May apple (Podophyllum); inhibits IGF-I autophosphorylation without interfering with tyrosine kinase activity. picropodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that has a furonaphthodioxole skeleton bearing 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl and hydroxy substituents.		2.0710furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
alkannin
alkannin: a naphthazarin used to promote wound healing, from the plant Alkanna tinctoria; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure		2.4110hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
zaluzanin C
zaluzanin C: from Ainsliaea yunnanensis and Zaluzania robinsonii; structure in first source. zaluzanin C : A sesquiterpene lactone that is decahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2(3H)-one substituted by methylidene groups at positions 3, 6 and 9 and a hydroxy group at position 8.		3.3110gamma-lactone;
guaiane sesquiterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
sesquiterpene lactone		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite
tetrandrine
tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity		4.1440bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
tosyllysine chloromethyl ketone
[no description available]		2.4420
(-)-catechin
(-)-catechin : The (-)-enantiomer of catechin.		2.0210catechinmetabolite
dehydrocostus lactone
dehydrocostus lactone : An organic heterotricyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-bis(methylene)decahydoazulen-5-yl group and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to afford the corresponding gamma-lactone.		2.0710gamma-lactone;
guaiane sesquiterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		antimycobacterial drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
fascaplysine
fascaplysine: from tropic sea sponges		2.0310
5-(n-methyl-n-isobutyl)amiloride
5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl)amiloride: inhibitor of the Na+-H+ antiporter		2.4420
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from anileridine and two molar equivalents of hydrogen chloride.		2.4420hydrochlorideEC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
amperozide hydrochloride
amperozide hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of amperozide.		2.4420hydrochlorideanxiolytic drug;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
geroprotector;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid
[no description available]		2.4420
calpeptin
[no description available]		2.610amino acid amide
pinoresinol
(+)-pinoresinol : An enantiomer of pinoresinol having (+)-1S,3aR,4S,6aR-configuration.		2.1510pinoresinolhypoglycemic agent;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
dauricine
dauricine: RN given refers to parent cpd. dauricine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4-{[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl}phenol by attachment of the phenolic oxygen of one molecule to the benzene ring of the second (ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the latter).		3.2510aromatic ether;
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		plant metabolite
madecassic acid
[no description available]		2.0710monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tetrol		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
ergocornine
ergocornine: a component of ergotoxine; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ERGOLINES (75-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocornine : Ergotaman bearing a hydroxy group at the 12' position, isopropyl groups at the 2' and 5'alpha positions, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.		2.1310ergot alkaloid
fangchinoline
[no description available]		2.520aromatic ether;
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
macrocycle		anti-HIV-1 agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
agroclavine
agroclavine: structure. agroclavine : An ergot alkaloid that is ergoline which contains a double bond between positions 8 and 9, and which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 6 and 8.		2.0310ergot alkaloid
panaxadiol
panaxadiol: a protopanaxadiol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis; RN refers to (3 beta,12 beta,20R)-isomer		2.0710triterpenoid saponin
tryptanthrine
tryptanthrine: minor constituent of traditional Chinese medicine qing dai		2.4520alkaloid antibiotic;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
homoeriodictyol
homoeriodictyol: structure in first source. homoeriodictyol : A trihydroxyflavanone that consists of 3'-methoxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4', 5, and 7.		3.9303'-methoxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
monomethoxyflavanone;
trihydroxyflavanone		flavouring agent;
metabolite
maslinic acid
(2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria		2.610dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
tetracyanoquinodimethane
tetracyanoquinodimethane: structure. tetracyanoquinodimethane : A quinodimethane that is p-quinodimethane in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by cyano groups.		2.610alicyclic compound;
nitrile;
quinodimethane
2-vinylfuran
2-vinylfuran: has antimicrobial activity		2.0710
pramoxine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310aromatic ether
ceric oxide
ceric oxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF CeO2. ceric oxide : A metal oxide with formula CeO2. It is used for polishing glass, in coatings for infra-red filters to prevent reflection, and as an oxidant and catalyst in organic synthesis.		2.4110cerium molecular entity;
metal oxide
2-(salicylideneamino)phenol
2-(salicylideneamino)phenol: structure given in first source		4.1440
5-phenyl-1-pentyne
[no description available]		3.1210
atovaquone
Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.		2.610hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
2-phenoxybenzoic acid
phenoxybenzoic acid : An aromatic ether that is diphenyl ether in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a carboxy group.. 2-phenoxybenzoic acid : A phenoxybenzoic acid in which the phenoxy group is ortho to the carboxy group.		2.1510phenoxybenzoic acid
s-methylisothiourea sulfate
[no description available]		2.0310
4-hydroxyindole
hydroxyindoles : Any member of the class of indoles carrying at least one hydroxy group.		2.0710hydroxyindoles;
phenols
p-Aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420organic molecular entity
4-aminobenzamide
[no description available]		2.1310benzamides
butyrylcholine chloride
[no description available]		2.1310
2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane
2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane: methoxychlor metabolite		2.0310bisphenol
6-carboxyfluorescein
6-carboxyfluorescein: originally sold as 6-carboxyfluorescein, but commercial product is a mixture of two isomers; correct name is 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein		2.0510monocarboxylic acid
1-benzylimidazole
1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase		2.1310
rivastigmine
[no description available]		4.1940carbamate ester;
tertiary amino compound		cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
rosiglitazone
[no description available]		3.5880aminopyridine;
thiazolidinediones		EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
insulin-sensitizing drug
N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.0810naphthalenecarboxamide
benzamidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
alpha-thujaplicin
alpha-thujaplicin: structure in first source		3.2710
chloropyramine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
6-aminoindazole
6-aminoindazole: depresses gastric acid secretion; structure given in first source		2.1310indazoles
4-nitrophenylglucuronide
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position.		2.0410beta-D-glucosiduronic acid;
C-nitro compound		chromogenic compound
3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol
3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol: serotonin metabolite; structure		7.36131catechols;
primary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
4-phenylbutylamine
4-phenylbutylamine: used as a drug partition into lipid bilayers in a cubic liquid-crystalline phase. 4-phenylbutylamine : A phenylalkylamine that is benzene in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.		3.1610benzenes;
phenylalkylamine;
primary amino compound
eriocitrin
eriocitrin: structure in first source. eriocitrin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of eriodictyol substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		3.61203'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
rutinoside;
trihydroxyflavanone		antioxidant
hypobromous acid
[no description available]		2.0710bromine oxoacid
d-aspartic acid
[no description available]		2.0510aspartic acid;
D-alpha-amino acid		mouse metabolite
acetaminophen glucuronide
acetaminophen glucuronide: acetaminophen metabolite in rats. acetaminophen O-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid that is the O-glucuronide of paracetamol (acetaminophen).		2.0410beta-D-glucosiduronic aciddrug metabolite
adriamycinol
doxorubicinol : A member of the class of tetracenequinones that is the major metabolite of the anthracycline doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent effective against a broad range of malignant neoplasms. It is thought to exhibit cardiotoxic properties.		2.4920aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
aromatic ether;
deoxy hexoside;
p-quinones;
phenols;
polyol;
tetracenequinones		cardiotoxic agent;
drug metabolite
ketorolac tromethamine
Ketorolac Tromethamine: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.. ketorolac tromethamine : An organoammonium salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of ketorolac and tromethamine (tris). It has potent non-sedating analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.		2.0310organoammonium saltanalgesic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		5.9741macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
bromates
Bromates: Negative ions or salts derived from bromic acid, HBrO3.		2.4320bromine oxoanion;
monovalent inorganic anion
tebuconazole
Lynx: A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising felines with long legs, ear tufts, and a short tail.. 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol : A tertiary alcohol that is pentan-3-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl, methyl, methyl, and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl at positions 1, 4, 4 and 3 respectively.. tebuconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tebuconazole. A fungicide effective against various smut and bunt diseases in cereals and other field crops.		7.1710monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary alcohol;
triazoles
5-chloroindole
5-chloroindole: a positive allosteric modulator of the 5-HT3 receptor		2.0510
coenzyme a
[no description available]		2.5720adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphatecoenzyme;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
loganin
[no description available]		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
cyclopentapyran;
enoate ester;
iridoid monoterpenoid;
methyl ester;
monosaccharide derivative;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
5-aminoindazole
[no description available]		2.1310
7,8-dihydromethysticin
[no description available]		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
methionine sulfoximine
L-methionine sulfoximine : A methionine sulfoximine in which the amino group has S-stereochemistry.		2.0310L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-methionine derivative;
methionine sulfoximine;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		EC 6.3.1.2 (glutamate--ammonia ligase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
tretazicar
tretazicar: minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search AZIRIDINES (75-84)		2.0310
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.		5.151303-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridineanxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic
carbetapentane citrate
[no description available]		2.4420carbonyl compound
cinchonine
[no description available]		2.0710(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol;
cinchona alkaloid		metabolite
fibrinogen
Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol.		4.7790iditolfungal metabolite
moexipril
[no description available]		2.610peptide
phentolamine mesylate
[no description available]		2.7530
hecogenin
hecogenin: steroidal sapogenin which has been isolated from plants particularly from numerous Agave species; used in prep of steroidal hormones; structure; RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,25R)-isomer		2.0210triterpenoid
aucubin
[no description available]		2.5720organic molecular entitymetabolite
lupinine
lupinine: RN given refers to parent cpd(1R-trans)-isomer; structure		2.0710quinolizidine alkaloid
matrine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
equol
Equol: A non-steroidal ESTROGEN generated when soybean products are metabolized by certain bacteria in the intestines.		7.8662hydroxyisoflavans
friedelin
3-friedelanone: from the stem bark of Irvingia gabonensis; structure in first source. friedelin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork.		2.0710cyclic terpene ketone;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
plant metabolite
7-ketocholesterol
7-ketocholesterol: inhibits uptake of cholesterol in rabbit aorta. 7-ketocholesterol : A cholestanoid that consists of cholesterol bearing an oxo substituent at position 7.		7.55203beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
7-oxo steroid;
cholestanoid		neuroprotective agent
2-tyrosine
2-tyrosine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. o-tyrosine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of D- and L-o-tyrosine.. 2-hydroxyphenylalanine : A phenylalanine derivative that is phenylalanine carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2 on the benzene ring.		6.7633non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
phenols;
phenylalanine derivative
mephentermine
sphinganine : A 2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.		2.44202-aminooctadecane-1,3-diolEC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
cadmium telluride
cadmium telluride: used in radiation monitoring device		2.5920
oxybutynin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochloride
catalpol
[no description available]		2.5720organic molecular entitymetabolite
2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile)
2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile): free radical initiator in liposome systems		2.0210
homocysteine
Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration.		3.87110amino acid zwitterion;
homocysteine;
serine family amino acid		fundamental metabolite;
mouse metabolite
quinine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
2-methylhippuric acid
2-methylhippuric acid: urinary metabolite of o-xylene. o-methylhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the ortho-methyl derivative of hippuric acid.		2.1310N-acylglycinemetabolite
deacetyldiltiazem
deacetyldiltiazem: metabolite of diltiazem; RN given refers to (cis-(+-))-isomer		2.0410benzothiazepine
pyrimethanil
pyrimethanil: structure in first source. pyrimethanil : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine carrying two additional methyl substituents at positions 4 and 6. A fungicide used to control grey mould on fruit, vegetables and ornamentals as well as leaf scab on pome fruit. Also commonly employed to control Botrytis cinerea throughout the winemaking process in grapes, must, fermenting must and wine.		7.1710aminopyrimidine;
anilinopyrimidine fungicide;
secondary amino compound		antifungal agrochemical;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nimustine
nimustine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining nimustine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors.		2.0310hydrochlorideantineoplastic agent
coronatine
coronatine: consists of a coronafacic acid joined by an amide bond to coronamic acid by coronafacate ligase; phytotoxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae; RN given refers to (3aS-(3aalpha,4(1R*,2R*),6beta,7alpha))-isomer;		7.1110N-acyl-amino acid
penconazole
penconazole: structure given in first source. penconazole : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-penconazole. A fungicide used to control powdery mildew, scab and other pathogenic Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole : A member of the classof triazoles that is 1,2,4-triazole substituted at position 1 by a 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl group.		7.610dichlorobenzene;
triazoles
fenpiclonil
fenpiclonil : A member of the class of pyrroles carrying cyano and 2,3-dichlorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively. A fungicide used mainly to control seed-borne pathogens in cereal crops.		710dichlorobenzene;
nitrile;
pyrroles		antifungal agrochemical
cordium
bepridil hydrochloride monohydrate : The hydrochloride monohydrate of bepridril.		2.0310hydrate;
hydrochloride
delta-tocopherol
[no description available]		7.0310tocopherol;
vitamin E		food antioxidant;
plant metabolite
sarsasapogenin
[no description available]		2.4920sapogenin
picein
picein: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer		3.5110glycoside
L-2-aminoadipic acid
L-2-aminoadipic acid : The L-enantiomer of 2-aminoadipic acid.		2.03102-aminoadipic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
prilocaine hydrochloride
prilocaine hydrochloride : The monohydrochloride salt of prilocaine.		2.7530hydrochloridelocal anaesthetic
7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
7-amino-4-methylcoumarin: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.5207-aminocoumarinsfluorochrome
meclizine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
lekoptin
(S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.		3.6202-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
mor-14
N-methyldeoxynojirimycin: glucosidase inhibitor		2.0310hydroxypiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
mci 9038
[no description available]		2.0310peptide
lopinavir
[no description available]		3.8630amphetamines;
dicarboxylic acid diamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
gamma-tocopherol
gamma-Tocopherol: A natural tocopherol with less antioxidant activity than ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. As in BETA-TOCOPHEROL, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus but at different sites.. gamma-tocopherol : A tocopherol in which the chroman-6-ol core is substituted by methyl groups at positions 7 and 8. It is found particularly in maize (corn) oil and soya bean (soybean) oils.		2.4820tocopherol;
vitamin E		algal metabolite;
food antioxidant;
plant metabolite
11-hydroxyprogesterone, (11alpha)-isomer
11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 11alpha-hydroxy steroid that is pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 11.		2.131011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid
corynanthine
Corynanthine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
brexanolone
brexanolone: a mixture of allopregnanolone and sulfobutylether‐beta‐cyclodextrin for treatment of postpartum depression. brexanolone : A 3-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has alpha-configuration. It is a metabolite of the sex hormone progesterone and used for the treatment of postpartum depression in women.		2.44203-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-oneantidepressant;
GABA modulator;
human metabolite;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
prunin protein, prunus
prunin protein, Prunus: a legumin-like type of globulin; structure given in first source. naringenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		antibacterial agent;
antilipemic drug;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite
malic acid, (r)-isomer
(R)-malic acid : An optically active form of malic acid having (R)-configuration.		2.1310malic acid
21-deoxycortisol
21-deoxycortisol: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; structure. 21-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is 17xi-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 11 and an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17. It is a marker of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid;
deoxycortisol;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite
estrone 3-methyl ether
estrone 3-methyl ether: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure		2.1310
e-250
[no description available]		2.1310
rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate
rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate: a monoglyceride of capric acid. 1-monodecanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has decanoyl (capryl) as the acyl group.. rac-1-monodecanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol composed of equal amounts of 3-decanoyl-sn-glycerol and 1-decanoyl-sn-glycerol.		2.1310rac-1-monoacylglycerol
nipecotic acid amide
nipecotic acid amide: RN & N1 form 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotamide : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of nipecotic acid with ammonia.		2.1310piperidinecarboxamide
norcantharidin
norcantharidin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpds without isomeric designation		7.1310furofuran
podocarpic acid
podocarpic acid: structure. podocarpic acid : An abietane diterpenoid lacking the isopropyl substituent with an aromatic C-ring and a hydroxy group at the 12-position.		2.0710abietane diterpenoid
glycidyl nitrate
glycidyl nitrate: a nitric oxide donor; structure in first source. peptidoglycan : A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the muramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids.		2.5420
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile: structure in first source. D617 : A nitrile that is pentanenitrile substituted by a 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 2, a methylamino group at position 4 and an isopropyl group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug verapamil.		3.1210dimethoxybenzene;
nitrile;
secondary amino compound		drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
phenylisopropyladenosine
[no description available]		2.0310aromatic amine;
benzenes;
hydrocarbyladenosine;
purine nucleoside;
secondary amino compound		adenosine A1 receptor agonist;
neuroprotective agent
levcromakalim
[no description available]		2.13101-benzopyran
hexamethonium chloride
[no description available]		2.0310
tachistin
tachistin: a synthetic analog of dihydrotachysterol		2.1310
pyrimidine dimers
Pyrimidine Dimers: Dimers found in DNA chains damaged by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They consist of two adjacent PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES, usually THYMINE nucleotides, in which the pyrimidine residues are covalently joined by a cyclobutane ring. These dimers block DNA REPLICATION.		2.5520
cortisol octanoate
[no description available]		2.1310corticosteroid hormone
dehydroabietic acid
dehydroabietic acid: major aquatic toxicant in effluent of pulp and paper mills. dehydroabietic acid : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted at position 18 by a carboxy group.. dehydroabietate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of dehydroabietic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.		2.1110abietane diterpenoid;
carbotricyclic compound;
monocarboxylic acid		allergen;
metabolite
harmol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
5-Methoxyflavone
5-methoxyflavone: DNA polymerase-beta inhibitor and neuroprotective agent against beta-amyloid toxicity; structure in first source		2.0710ether;
flavonoids
diprotin a
[no description available]		3.2710peptide
glucuronic acid
Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.		4.4980D-glucuronic acidalgal metabolite
prolamins
Prolamins: A group of seed storage proteins restricted to the POACEAE family. They are rich in GLUTAMINE and PROLINE.		2.4110
6-(4-nitrobenzylthio)guanosine
6-(4-nitrobenzylthio)guanosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport		2.4420
3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol
3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls formed formally by chlorination of biphenyl-4,4'-diol at C-3, -3', -5 and -5'.		2.5220dichlorobenzene;
hydroxybiphenyls
eupatorin
eupatorin: a flavonoid from the East Asian medicinal plant Orthosiphon spicatus; prevents oxidative inactivation of 15-lipoxygenase; structure given in first source. eupatorin : A trimethoxyflavone that is 6-hydroxyluteolin in which the phenolic hydogens at positions 4', 6 and 7 have been replaced by methyl groups.		3.2510dihydroxyflavone;
polyphenol;
trimethoxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
Brassica napus metabolite;
calcium channel blocker;
P450 inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
10-hydroxycamptothecin
[no description available]		2.0710pyranoindolizinoquinoline
1,3,4-oxadiazole
1,3,4-oxadiazole: structure in first source		7.610
3-aminopropylphosphonic acid
3-aminopropylphosphonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. (3-aminopropyl)phosphonic acid : A phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorus of phosphonic acid is substituted by a 3-aminopropyl group. It is a partial agonist of GABAB receptors.		2.0310phosphonic acids;
primary amino compound;
zwitterion		GABAB receptor agonist
armepavine
[no description available]		2.1310
5'-n-methylcarboxamideadenosine
5'-N-methylcarboxamideadenosine: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer		2.0310
diosgenin
[no description available]		2.02103beta-sterol;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
sapogenin;
spiroketal		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
isosteviol
isosteviol: an antihyperglycemic agent; obtained by acid hydrolysis of stevioside; was indexed to steviol 1985-2007		2.2510diterpenoid
3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine
3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine: potent & selective in vivo antagonist of adenosine analogs		2.0310
zpck
ZPCK: alkylates histidine residue at active center of bovine chymotrypsin		2.4420
anthraglycoside b
anthraglycoside B: from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc; structure in first source		7.7230dihydroxyanthraquinone
nimbolide
nimbolide: isolated from Nigerian medicinal plant Azadirachta indica; RN given refers to 4alpha,5alpha,6alpha,7alpha,15beta,17alpha-isomer; structure given in first source		7.1110
syringaresinol
[no description available]		3.3110aromatic ether;
furofuran;
lignan;
polyether;
polyphenol		plant metabolite
combretastatin
combretastatin: cytotoxic principle from South African tree COMBRETUM caffrum; structure given in first source; acts at COLCHICINE site of TUBULIN		4.9260
loliolide
loliolide: RN given refers to (6S-cis)-isomer		210benzofuransmetabolite
coumarin 6
coumarin 6: structure in first source		2.55207-aminocoumarinsfluorochrome
obovatol
obovatol: antineoplastic agent from Magnolis obovata; structure given in first source		3.1610
tuberostemonine
tuberostemonine: alkaloid from Stemona japonica with anthelmintic action; structure given in first source; an azapine		2.0210alkaloidmetabolite
4,4'-azobis(phenol)
4,4'-azobis(phenol): isolated from fungus Agaricus xanthodermus; structure given in first source		2.0510
corydaline
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
demissidine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
steroid
n(6)-phenyladenosine
[no description available]		2.4720purine nucleoside
benzyl selenocyanate
benzyl selenocyanate: prevents colon carcinogenesis		3.2510
cinchonidine
cinchonidine: has antimalarial activity; diastereoisomer of cinchonine with distinct physiochemical properties; RN given refers to parent cpd(8alpha,9R)-isomer. cinchonidine : 8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis.		2.0710(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol;
cinchona alkaloid		metabolite
tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone
tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta)-isomer		2.442021-hydroxy steroid
n-methyladenosine
N-methyladenosine: is a inhibitor of cell differentiation. N(6)-methyladenosine : A methyladenosine compound with one methyl group attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase.		2.8430methyladenosine
1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine
1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine : A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the phosphatidyl acyl group at C-1 and C-2 is stearoyl.		2.5220phosphatidylethanolamine zwitterion;
phosphatidylethanolamine		human metabolite
2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile
2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile: a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist or modulator. also called DPN compound. 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionitrile : A nitrile that is acetonitrile in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group while a second hydrogen is replaced by a 4-hydroxybenzyl group. It is a specific agonist for estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta).		2.7430nitrile;
phenols		estrogen receptor agonist
cobalt
Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.		4.7361cobalt group element atom;
metal allergen		micronutrient
fulvestrant
Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.		5.3120017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid: structure in first source		2.0610polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		chelator
mizoribine
[no description available]		2.4720imidazolesanticoronaviral agent
1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane
1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer		2.0310
u 73122
1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.		2.9540aromatic ether;
aza-steroid;
maleimides		EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor
arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid
arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid: amino acid sequence of basic unit of widespread cellular recognition system		2.7730oligopeptide
sn 38
SN-38 : A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself.		3.1210delta-lactone;
phenols;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
alphaxalone
alphaxalone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5alpha)-isomer; structure		2.4720corticosteroid hormone
s-nitrosoglutathione
[no description available]		2.4520glutathione derivative;
nitrosothio compound		bronchodilator agent;
nitric oxide donor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
signalling molecule
bosentan anhydrous
Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.		3.2110primary alcohol;
pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
bicuculline methiodide
[no description available]		2.1310
cp-55,940
[no description available]		2.4420
u 74006f
tirilazad: a lazaroid; potent inhibitor of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation; has shown excellent activity in in vivo models of experimental central nervous system trauma & ischemia; structure given in first source; tradename Freedox		3.110corticosteroid hormone
diacetyldichlorofluorescein
diacetyldichlorofluorescein: stable storage form of dichlorofluorescein		3.0140
vanoxerine
vanoxerine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of vanoxerine with two equivalents of hydrogen chloride. Potent, competitive inhibitor of dopamine uptake (Ki = 1 nM for inhibition of striatal dopamine uptake). Has > 100-fold lower affinity for the noradrenalin and 5-HT uptake carriers. Also a potent sigma ligand (IC50 = 48 nM). Centrally active following systemic administration.		2.4420hydrochloridedopamine uptake inhibitor
eudragit rs
Eudragit RS: copolymer of acrylic & methacrylic acid esters & quaternary ammonium groups; used for microcapsules		2.5220
2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: directly acting genotoxic metabolite of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine. N-hydroxy-PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, hydoxyamino, and phenyl groups, respectively. The active metabolite of the dietary carcinogen PhIP.		2.0110hydroxylamine;
imidazopyridine		carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
neurotoxin;
rat metabolite
1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1h-imidazole
1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole: inhibits platelet aggregation & Ca2+ entry into platelets. SKF-96365 free base : An ether that is 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been substituted by a 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl group.		2.7530ether;
imidazoles;
monomethoxybenzene		TRP channel blocker
norverapamil
norverapamil: N-demethylated active metabolite of verapamil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in second source. norverapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-norverapamil. The major active metabolite of verapamil.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A secondary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		3.1210aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
secondary amino compound
fluo-3
Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds		2.0410xanthene dyefluorochrome
propidium iodide
[no description available]		2.0710organic iodide salt
methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate
methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate: structure given in first source		2.4420beta-carbolines
paxilline
paxilline: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4bbeta,6aalpha,12bbeta,12calpha,14abeta))-isomer. paxilline : An indole diterpene alkaloid with formula C27H33NO4 isolated from Penicillium paxilli. It is a potent inhibitor of large conductance Ca2(+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK)-type channels.		2.0510diterpene alkaloid;
enone;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
terpenoid indole alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		anticonvulsant;
Aspergillus metabolite;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
geroprotector;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
prolinedithiocarbamate
prolinedithiocarbamate: do not confuse with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate which is also abbreviated PDTC		2.7930
beauvericin
beauvericin: 18-membered cyclodepsipeptides. beauvericin : A trimeric cyclodepsipeptide composed from alternating methylphenylalanyl and hydroxyvaleryl residues.		2.5320
artesunic acid
[no description available]		2.2110
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester: isolated from brain tissue & urine; extremely potent displacer of diazepam from brain benzodiazepam receptors; structure in first source		2.1310beta-carbolines
u 69593
U 69593: selective ligand for opioid K-receptor. U69593 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of phenylacetic acid and the secodary amino group of (5R,7S,8S)-N-methyl-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-amine.		2.4420monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound		anti-inflammatory agent;
diuretic;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist
u 78517f
U 78517F: iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given is for diHCl		2.0510
cv 3988
CV 3988: platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source		2.4420
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester: structure given in first source		2.4420beta-carbolines
sivelestat
sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source		7.5920N-acylglycine;
pivalate ester
methoctramine
methoctramine: structure given in first source. methoctramine : A tetramine that is N,N'-bis(6-aminohexyl)octane-1,8-diamine where the primary amino groups both carry 2-methoxybenzyl substituents.. methoctramine tetrahydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining methoctramine with four molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid.		2.4420hydrochloridemuscarinic antagonist
pyronaridine
[no description available]		2.610aminoquinoline
saikosaponin d
[no description available]		2.610
perindopril
Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline		7.1310alpha-amino acid ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
hypotaurine
[no description available]		2.4920aminosulfinic acid;
zwitterion		human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
tryptoline
tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.520beta-carbolines
geniposide
[no description available]		2.5120terpene glycoside
procyanidin
Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.		14.11241proanthocyanidin
dihydrokainate
[no description available]		2.0310dicarboxylic acid
n-monodemethyldiltiazem
N-monodemethyldiltiazem: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source		3.1210benzothiazepine
gabazine
[no description available]		2.0310
dityrosine
dityrosine: o,o'-biphenol analog of tyrosine; isolated from insoluble protein of human cataractous lenses; structure. dityrosine : A biphenyl compound comprising two tyrosine residues linked at carbon-3 of their benzene rings.		2.110biphenyls;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
tyrosine derivative		biomarker
epicatechin gallate
epicatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor; RN given refers to the (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source; isolated from green tea. (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of epicatechin. A natural product found in Parapiptadenia rigida.		3.79100catechin;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
deguelin
deguelin: a natural product from Mundulea sericea; RN refers to (7aS-cis)-isomer; structure given in first source. deguelin : A rotenone that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10, and by two methyl groups at position 3 (the 7aS,13aS-stereoisomer). It exists in abundant quantities in the bark, roots, and leaves of the Leguminosae family of plants and reported to exert anti-tumour effects in various cancers.		7.4920aromatic ether;
diether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
plant metabolite
gamma-fagarine
gamma-fagarine: active alkaloid of Chinese medicines from Dictamni radicis cortex (Rutaceae); structure given in first source		2.1310organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
cl 218872
CL 218872: shows specific action on benzodiazepine receptors; structure		2.0310pyridazines;
ring assembly
betaxolol hydrochloride
betaxolol hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of betaxolol.		2.7530hydrochlorideantihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
catechin
(+)-catechin monohydrate : The monohydrate of (+)-catechin.		2.4620hydrategeroprotector
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-(2-phthalimido)butyl)piperazine
NAN 190 hydrobromide : A hydrobromide obtained by reaction of NAN 190 with one equivalent of hydrobromic acid.		2.4420hydrobromideserotonergic antagonist
s-methylthiocitrulline
S-methylthiocitrulline: a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; structure in first source. S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline : An L-arginine derivative in which the guanidino NH2 group of L-arginine is replaced by a methylsufanyl group.		2.0310imidothiocarbamic ester;
L-arginine derivative;
L-ornithine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
fingolimod hydrochloride
Fingolimod Hydrochloride: A sphingosine-derivative and IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT that blocks the migration and homing of LYMPHOCYTES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM through its action on SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS.. fingolimod hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl) ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (fingolimod).		2.4110hydrochlorideimmunosuppressive agent;
prodrug;
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
daidzin
daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic).		2.57207-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxyisoflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
parinaric acid
parinaric acid: long-chain polyenoic fatty acid; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. parinaric acid : An octadecatetraenoic acid containing a conjugated system of double bonds at positions 9, 11, 13 and 15.		1.9910octadecatetraenoic acid
dihydrocapsaicin
[no description available]		2.0310capsaicinoid
n(g)-iminoethylornithine
[no description available]		2.0310L-alpha-amino acid
triptolide
[no description available]		4.8250diterpenoid;
epoxide;
gamma-lactam;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound		antispermatogenic agent;
plant metabolite
Zearalanone
[no description available]		2.1310macrolide;
resorcinols
cobaltiprotoporphyrin
cobaltiprotoporphyrin: RN given refers to cobalt protoporphyrin IX		2.0410
ml 9
[no description available]		2.0310
cafestol
[no description available]		2.0710diterpenoid;
furans;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
primary alcohol;
tertiary alcohol		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
proanthocyanidin
proanthocyanidin: RN given refers to proanthocyanidin A; Cannabinoid Receptor CB1 antagonist. proanthocyanidin : A flavonoid oligomer obtained by the the condensation of two or more units of hydroxyflavans.		3.8540
parthenolide
[no description available]		3.5680germacranolide
kt 5823
KT 5823: indolocarbazole; activates human neutrophils & fails to inhibit cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of vimentin. KT 5823 : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of methyl (3R)-3-methoxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (the 2S,3R,5R product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1-methyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.		2.4620gamma-lactam;
hemiaminal;
indolocarbazole;
methyl ester;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		EC 2.7.11.12 (cGMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine
Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.		3.31602-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineantihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
bronchoconstrictor agent;
hematologic agent;
vasodilator agent
bifendate
7,7'-dimethoxy-(4,4'-bi-1,3-benzodioxole)-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester: structure given in first source		2.2110
deoxyglucose
Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.		5.6990
neoeriocitrin
neoeriocitrin: protects against autophagy-inhibiting effects of okadaic acid; isolated from Drynariae rhizome; structure in first source. neoeriocitrin : A flavanone glycoside that is eriodictyol substituted by a 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.41104'-hydroxyflavanones;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
neohesperidoside;
trihydroxyflavanone		plant metabolite
precirol
precirol: octadecanoic acid esters; 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester mixed with 3-hydroxy-2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)propyl octadienoate & 2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)-1,3-propanediol; auxiliary in tableting; alpha glycerol palmitostearate		2.1310
1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol
RV 538: noninactivating inhibitor of ceramide-UDPG glucosyltransferase; RN given for unspecified HCl; structure given in first source		2.4720
2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone
2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone: lignan isolated from urine of humans & other mammals; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in second source		2.0710lignan
3',4'-dichlorobenzamil
3',4'-dichlorobenzamil: inhibits Na-Ca exchange in membrane vesicle & papillary muscle preparations from guinea pig heart		2.4420guanidines;
pyrazines
homoorientin
homoorientin: isolated from Swertia japonica; structure given in first source		2.0710flavone C-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
radical scavenger
valerates
Valerates: Derivatives of valeric acid, including its salts and esters.		2.110short-chain fatty acid anion;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion		plant metabolite
oxymatrine
oxysophoridine: an alkaloid isolated from Sophra alope; structure in first source		2.4110alkaloid;
tertiary amine oxide
tanshinone
tanshinone: from root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; RN given refers to tanshinone I; cardioprotective agent and neuroprotective agent		4.8550abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane
1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane: structure given in first source; alkylthio acetic acid, non-beta-oxidizable		2.0310straight-chain fatty acid
1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine
[no description available]		2.1110
2-ethynylnaphthalene
2-ethynylnaphthalene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd		3.1210
gastrodin
gastrodin: the glucoside of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (gastrodigenin); isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume;		3.1610glycoside
5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furancarboxylic acid
5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furancarboxylic acid: has antineoplastic activity; structure. 5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furoic acid : A member of the class of furans that is 2-furoic acid in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a tetradecyloxy group.		2.0610aromatic ether;
furoic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 6.4.1.2 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) inhibitor;
PPARalpha agonist
sophocarpine
[no description available]		2.610
2-iodomelatonin
[no description available]		2.7330acetamides
butethamate citrate
[no description available]		2.1310
arcaine, sulfate
[no description available]		2.0310
marimastat
marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.		2.610hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
asiatic acid
[no description available]		2.0710monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triol		angiogenesis modulating agent;
metabolite
7-methoxytacrine
[no description available]		2.1510
1'-acetoxychavicol acetate
1'-acetoxychavicol acetate: antifungal component of Alpinia galanga; structure given in first source. 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate : An acetate ester that is chavicol acetate substituted by an acetoxy group at position 1'.		3.5320acetate ester;
phenylpropanoid		antineoplastic agent;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
clofarabine
[no description available]		3.4970adenosines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
astilbin
astilbin: dihydroflavonol from Kohki tea processed from Engelhardtia chrysolepis (huang-qui); astilbin is the (2R-trans)-isomer; neoisoastilbin is the (2S-cis)-isomer and is Sweetening Agents; isoastilbin is the (2R-cis)-isomer; structure in first source;. astilbin : A flavanone glycoside that is (+)-taxifolin substituted by a alpha-L-rhamnosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.46203'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
flavanone glycoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
tetrahydroxyflavanone		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanol
4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanol: structure in first source		2.1310piperidines
cucurbitacins
[no description available]		3.211011-oxo steroid
ginsenoside rh2
ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.171012beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
elacridar
Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source		2.5220
gr 113808
GR 113808: structure given in first source; a 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist: GR 125487 is the HCl salt. GR 113808 : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of 1-methylindole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of N-{2-[4-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}methanesulfonamide.		2.4420indolyl carboxylate ester;
piperidines;
sulfonamide		serotonergic antagonist
caprylates
Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.		2.5420fatty acid anion 8:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
gallopamil hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530
gamma-glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid
[no description available]		2.0310
buthionine sulfoximine
L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine : A 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid which has S-configuration. It is a inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis and is capable of enhancing the apoptotic effects of several chemotherapeutic agents.		2.44202-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acidEC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer
parecoxib
parecoxib: structure in first source. parecoxib : An N-acylsulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of valdecoxib with propionic acid. It is a prodrug for valdecoxib.		3.2110isoxazoles;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
histamine dihydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
carboxypolymethylene
carbomer: high molecular polyanionic substance		2.2510
angustmycin a
angustmycin A: structure; from Streptomyces hygroscopicus; inhibits GMP synthesis		2.07106-aminopurines
razadyne
Razadyne: Name of the FDA approved preparation from J&J.		2.5120
medica 16
MEDICA 16 : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is hexadecanedioic acid carrying methyl groups at positions 3 and 14. It is a free fatty acid 1 (FFA1/GPR40) receptor agonist and an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor, and exhibits hypolipidemic and antidiabetogenic properties.		2.0610alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acidantilipemic drug;
EC 2.3.3.8 (ATP citrate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 6.4.1.2 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) inhibitor;
G-protein-coupled receptor agonist;
hypoglycemic agent
sb 204070a
SB 204070A: structure given in first source; a selective 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist		2.4420
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine
LY 165163: structure given in first source; a serotonin agonist. LY-165163 : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by 2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl and 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a selective 5-HT1A serotonin receptor agonist and 5-HT1D serotonin receptor antagonist.		2.4420(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
primary arylamine;
substituted aniline		geroprotector;
serotonergic agonist
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate: structure given in first source		2.0810
l 655240
L 655240: thromboxane and prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; RN given is for parent cpd		2.0310methylindole
phytosphingosine
phytosphingosine: differ with an additional hydroxyl at C-4 & no double bond between C-4 & C-5		2.0710amino alcohol;
sphingoid;
triol		mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
san 58035
[no description available]		2.4420
saccharolactone
saccharolactone: used as index for assessing induction of hepatic enzymes by anticonvulsants; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. D-glucaro-1,4-lactone : A delta-lactone that is D-glucono-1,4-lactone in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been oxidised to the corresponding carboxylic acid.		2.0410aldarolactone;
delta-lactone
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
[no description available]		2.0710
celastrol
[no description available]		5.1970monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
metabolite
procyanidin b2
procyanidin B2 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of two molecules of (-)-epicatechin joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' in a beta-configuration. Procyanidin B2 can be found in Cinchona pubescens (Chinchona, in the rind, bark and cortex), in Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon, in the rind, bark and cortex), in Crataegus monogyna (Common hawthorn, in the flower and blossom), in Uncaria guianensis (Cat's claw, in the root), in Vitis vinifera (Common grape vine, in the leaf), in Litchi chinensis (litchi, in the pericarp), in the apple, in Ecdysanthera utilis and in red wine.		8.1650biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavan;
polyphenol;
proanthocyanidin		antioxidant;
metabolite
4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin
4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin: structure in first source. 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is the 9- epimer of 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin.		2.0710furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
phenols		antineoplastic agent
aromadedrin
aromadedrin: inhibits protein kinase C; the dihydro makes it a flavone rather than a flavonol. (+)-dihydrokaempferol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone having hydroxy groupa at the 3-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions.		2104'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroflavonols;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetrahydroxyflavanone		metabolite
phenoxy radical
phenoxy radical : An organic radical generated from phenol.		2.7730organic radical
1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline-2-thione
1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline-2-thione: structure given in first source		2.1310
peroxynitrous acid
Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).		5.44190nitrogen oxoacid
imatinib mesylate
imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.		3.5880methanesulfonate saltanticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
gefitinib
[no description available]		3.7590aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
morpholines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n-(n-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine
N-(N-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine: inhibits calcium-activated neutral protease; see also record for E-64; RN given refers to (2-S-(2alpha,3beta)(R*)-isomer)		2.8430leucine derivative
rhod-2
rhod-2: calcium indicator		2.1110
mk 912
[no description available]		2.0510
2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol
2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol: lignan isolated from urine of humans & other mammals		2.1310lignan
nnc 711
NNC 711: structure in first source		2.0310
n(6)-carboxymethyllysine
N(6)-carboxymethyllysine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; structure given in first source. N(6)-carboxymethyl-L-lysine : An L-lysine derivative with a carboxymethyl substituent at the N(6)-position.		2.0810L-lysine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		antigen
angiotensin ii, des-phe(8)-
Ile(5)-angiotensin II (1-7) : An angiotensin compound consisting of the linear heptapeptide sequence L-Asp-L-Arg-L-Val-L-Tyr-L-Ile-L-His-L-Pro.		2.8630amino acid zwitterion;
angiotensin		vasodilator agent
5,5'-bis(8-(phenylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonate)
[no description available]		2.0510
citrate phosphate dextrose
citrate phosphate dextrose: anticoagulant used in blood preservation		2.1710
n,n-dimethylarginine
N,N-dimethylarginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine; do not confuse with N,N'-dimethylarginine. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative having two methyl groups both attached to the primary amino moiety of the guanidino group.		4.9171dimethylarginine;
guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-n,n-diethylbenzamide
4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-N,N-diethylbenzamide: a highly-selective, nonpeptide delta opioid receptor agonist; structure given in first source		2.4420diarylmethane
vadimezan
vadimezan : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 5,6-dimethyl-9-oxoxanthen-4-yl group.		2.610monocarboxylic acid;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent
27-hydroxycholesterol
(25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diol : A 26-hydroxycholesterol in which the 25-position has R-configuration.		9.313126-hydroxycholesterolapoptosis inducer;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
sk&f 86466
benalfocin: RN & RR given from first source; RN not in Chemline 9/28/83; structure given in first source		2.0510benzazepine
e 64
E 64: cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)		340dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
epoxy monocarboxylic acid;
guanidines;
L-leucine derivative;
zwitterion		antimalarial;
antiparasitic agent;
protease inhibitor
glabridin
[no description available]		3.5720hydroxyisoflavansantiplasmodial drug
tetrahydrocurcumin
tetrahydrocurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which both of the double bonds have been reduced to single bonds.		2.7630beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
polyphenol		metabolite
desloratadine
desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.		2.5120benzocycloheptapyridineanti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist
3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone
3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone: porphyrinogenic agent; structure given in first source		3.1210
azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid: activates neuronal metabotropic receptors; RN given refers to (trans-isomer); RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 10/93		2.0310
w 7
[no description available]		2.0510
glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate: do not confuse with phosphatidylinositols which have fatty acids esterified at the C-1 and C-2 hydroxyl groups of glycerol		2.0210
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethene
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethene: inhibits tubulin polymerization; RN & structure given in first source		4.04130
5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate
[no description available]		2.1310
pre 084
2-(4-morpholino)ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate: structure given in first source		2.7530morpholines
furamidine
furamidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; WR 199385 refers to di-HCl; pafuramidine is a prodrug of this		2.1710
methotrexate
[no description available]		5.5190dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
1-(2-allylphenoxy)-3-((8-bromoacetylamino-4-menthane-1-yl)amino)-1-propanol
1-(2-allylphenoxy)-3-((8-bromoacetylamino-4-menthane-1-yl)amino)-1-propanol: irreversibly inactivates the dihydroalprenolol binding site; alprenolol analog; isopropylamino group of alprenolol replaced by 8-bromoacetylamino-1-amino-p-menthane moiety in the 1 position; structure given in first source		2.4420
pseudomonas aeruginosa autoinducer
Pseudomonas aeruginosa autoinducer: autoinducer required for expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence genes; structure given in first source. N-(3-oxododecanoyl)homoserine lactone : A N-acyl homoserine lactone that is the monocarboxylic acid amide arising from formal condensation of homoserine lactone with 3-oxododecanoic acid.		2.2110N-acyl homoserine lactone
s-4-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester
S-4-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester: a glyoxylase I inhibitor		3.5110
sr 2640
SR 2640: leukotriene D4 and E4 antagonist		2.4420quinolines
dihydroethidium
dihydroethidium: RN given is for the (+-)-isomer		2.0810
delphinidin
delphinidin: RN given refers to parent cpd;. delphinidin : An anthocyanidin cation consisting of benzopyrylium with hydroxy substituents at the 3-, 5- and 7-positions and a 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl group at the 2-position. It is a plant pigment responsible for the colours of the plants of the genera Viola and Delphinium.		3.17505-hydroxyanthocyanidinantineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
plant metabolite
cyanidin
cyanidin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyanidin cation : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium substituted at positions 3, 3', 4', 5 and 7 by hydroxy groups.		4.78905-hydroxyanthocyanidinantioxidant;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
ici 204448
[no description available]		2.0310
cercosporamide
cercosporamide: antineoplastic; RN refers to (S)-isomer. cercosporamide : A member of the class of dibenzofurans that is a potent broad spectrum antifungal agent isolated from the fungus Cercosporidium henningsii.		2.3110dibenzofurans;
methyl ketone;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
phytotoxin
umifenovir
umifenovir: an antiviral agent		2.610indolyl carboxylic acid
safinamide
safinamide: short-acting inhibitor of MOA-B; FCE 26743 is (S)-isomer, FCE 28073 is (R)-isomer; structure in first source		2.610amino acid amide
4-amino-1-(6-chloro-2-pyridyl)piperidine hydrochloride
4-amino-1-(6-chloro-2-pyridyl)piperidine hydrochloride: has high affinity and selectivity for 5-HT3 receptors; structure given in first source		2.0310
c 1311
C 1311: an imidazoacridinone; arrests cell-cycle progression in the G2 phase of L1210 cells; structure given in first source		2.0510
c 1310
C 1310: an imidazoacridinone; arrests cell-cycle progression in the G2 phase of L1210 cells; structure given in first source		2.0510
n,n-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide
N,N-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide: binds with high affinity to glial mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor receptors & increases mitochondrial steroidogenesis		2.4420phenylindole
ilomastat
CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor		2.610hydroxamic acid;
L-tryptophan derivative;
N-acyl-amino acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
4-(benzodioxan-5-yl)-1-(indan-2-yl)piperazine
[no description available]		2.0510
3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl n-acetyltryptophan
3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl N-acetyltryptophan: structure given in first source; substance P and neurokinin receptor antagonist		2.0310
omega-n-methylarginine
omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.		3.2960amino acid zwitterion;
arginine derivative;
guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine
8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine: structure given in first source		2.4420
5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate
[no description available]		2.0410
l 741626
3-(4-(4-chlorophenyl-4-hydroxypiperidino)methyl)indole: structure in first source		2.4420piperidines
16-fluoro-5-androsten-17-one
16-fluoro-5-androsten-17-one: RN given refers to the (16alpha)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 2/91; has antiproliferative effects on HIV-1 and reduces HIV-1 replication		3.3110
carbapenems
[no description available]		5.221
marsupsin
marsupsin: structure given in first source; isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium; RN given for (-)-isomer. marsupsin : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one, substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 6, a 4-hydroxybenzyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 4. Isolated from the heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium, it exhibits antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities.		2.07101-benzofurans;
aromatic ether;
polyphenol		antilipemic drug;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite
nisoxetine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
triiodothyronine
L-homocysteine thiolactone : A thiolactone arising from formal condensation of the mercapto (sulfanyl) and carboxylic acid groups of L-homocysteine.		2.4720tetrahydrothiophenes;
thiolactone		human metabolite
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester
N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.0310hydrochlorideEC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
tilarginine acetate
[no description available]		2.0310
alpha-guanidinoglutaric acid
alpha-guanidinoglutaric acid: identified in the convulsive period of cobalt-induced seizures from cat cerebral cortex; RN given for cpd with unspecified guanidino-locant		2.0310L-glutamic acid derivative
3,4-dichloro-n-methyl-n-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-(+-)-isomer
[no description available]		2.7530
quinone methide
quinone methide: intermediate in eumelanin biosynthesis; structure given in first source. quinomethane : A methylidenecyclohexadienone, formally derived from a benzoquinone by replacement of one of the quinone oxygens by a methylidene group.		3.0140quinomethane
salicylideneaniline
salicylideneaniline: structure in first source		4.140
sinensetin
sinensetin: isolated from citrus fruit; exhibit antiadhesive action on platelets. sinensetin : A pentamethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.0710pentamethoxyflavoneplant metabolite
imidazole-4-acetic acid hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
proline
Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.		8.3960amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proline;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
harmalol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
3,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone
3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol: a neuroprotective agent		2.0310hydroxyflavan
docetaxel anhydrous
Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.		6.35101secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
perifosine
[no description available]		2.0510ammonium betaine;
phospholipid		EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
atazanavir
atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).		2.610carbohydrazideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
nsc-141549
[no description available]		2.4420
peptide elongation factor 2
Peptide Elongation Factor 2: Peptide Elongation Factor 2 catalyzes the translocation of peptidyl-tRNA from the A site to the P site of eukaryotic ribosomes by a process linked to the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.		2.0410
levofloxacin
Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.		8.69209-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
schisantherin a
[no description available]		3.1210tannin
dichloro-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum complex
[no description available]		2.1310
1,4-di(2'-thienyl)-1,4-butadione
1,4-di(2'-thienyl)-1,4-butadione: structure given in first source		2.1310
2-chloro-2-deoxyglucose
[no description available]		2.0310
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxybibenzyl
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxybibenzyl: from Cassia garrettiana; structure given in first source		2.730
moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.		7.1110aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug
vx 497
N-3-(3-(3-methoxy-4-oxazol-5-ylphenyl)ureido)benzylcarbamic acid tetrahydrofuran-3-yl ester: structure in first source		2.610
bcx 1812
[no description available]		2.6103-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
acetamides;
cyclopentanols;
guanidines		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
centchroman
Centchroman: A non-steroidal anti-fertility agent with anti-hormonal properties.		2.0710
hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine: The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.. (S)-atropine : An atropine with a 2S-configuration.		2.0710tropane alkaloid
idazoxan hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530
1-ethynylpyrene
1-ethynylpyrene: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 12/84		3.1210
phorbols
Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).		2.0810diterpene;
terpenoid fundamental parent
isoguvacine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
schizandrin a
schizandrin A: the major lignan, 2-9%, of Schisandra plant; has hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities		4.4230
8-methoxymethyl-3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
8-methoxymethyl-3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine: inhibitor of phosphodiesterase I		2.0310oxopurine
disopyramide, (s)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0410
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.		11.0371methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
hydroxyl radical
Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.		9.52230oxygen hydride;
oxygen radical;
reactive oxygen species
methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride
methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of methyl 5-aminolevulinate. A prodrug, it is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photosensitizer, and is used in the photodynamic treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer (including basal cell carcinoma). Topical application results in an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in the skin lesions to which the cream has been applied. Subsequent illumination with red light results in the generation of toxic singlet oxygen that destroys cell membranes and thereby kills the tumour cells.		2.1310hydrochlorideantineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug
schizandrin b
(+)-schisandrin B : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is found in Fructus Schisandrae and Schisandra chinensis.		2.0710aromatic ether;
cyclic acetal;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
oxacycle;
tannin		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
olmesartan
olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866		2.610biphenylyltetrazoleangiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
antazoline phosphate
[no description available]		2.1310
curculigoside
[no description available]		2.0410
uvinul t 150
Uvinul T 150: RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF; no further information available 5/89		2.5520
telbivudine
[no description available]		2.610pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
rhodioloside
[no description available]		3.8630glycoside
malvidin
malvidin: RN given refers to parent cpd; coloring agent from flowers of Malvaviscus conzatti. malvidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is delphinidin carrying methyl substituents at positions 3' and 5'.		4.79905-hydroxyanthocyanidinbiological pigment;
metabolite
quinoprazine
quinoprazine: structure given in first source		2.0810
celastrol methyl ester
celastrol methyl ester: isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii; potent inhibitory activity on both Kir2.1 and ERG1 potassium channels, leading to LONG QT SYNDROME		2.610carboxylic ester
resiquimod
S 28463: structure given in first source		2.610imidazoquinoline
diallyl sulfone
diallyl sulfone: metabolite of diallyl sulfide		3.1210
singlet oxygen
Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.		4.03130chalcogen;
monoatomic oxygen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
fidarestat
fidarestat: structure given in first source		2.110
cryptotanshinone
cryptotanshinone: from Salvia miltiorrhiza		3.6120abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
fenton's reagent
Fenton's reagent: used for oxidizing sugars & alcohols		2.4220
cyc 202
seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.		3.14502,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
carbodiimides
Carbodiimides: Compounds with the general formula RN=C=NR, where R is a hydrocarbyl group.. methanediimine : A carbodiimide in which both nitrogens are unsubstituted.		2.2510carbodiimide
Serotonin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310tryptamines
n-phthaloylglutamic acid
N-phthaloyl-L-glutamic acid : A glutamic acid derivative that is L-glutamic acid in which the two hydrogens on the amino group are substituted by a phthaloyl group.		2.0310L-glutamic acid derivative;
phthalimides
flaviolin
flaviolin: isolated from mutants of Wangiella dermatitidis; structure given in first source. flaviolin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone having three hydroxy substituents placed at the 2-, 5- and 7-positions.		2.610
isosakuranetin
isosakuranetin: structure in first source. 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 4' (the 2S stereoisomer).		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
monomethoxyflavanone		plant metabolite
3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene
[no description available]		4.8780
3-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one
[no description available]		2.1510steroid
liensinine
liensinine: RN given for (R-(R*,R*))-isomer		3.2510isoquinolines
isoflavanone
isoflavanone: structure given in first source; RN from CA Index Guide. isoflavanone : Isoflavone in which the double bond between positions 2 and 3 has been reduced to a single bond.		3.1610isoflavanones
chrysamine g
chrysamine G: structure given in first source; RN refers to disodium salt		2.0510
epiberberine
epiberberine: isolated in plants of Coptis from China		3.5110
ampelopsin
ampelopsin: hepatoprotective agent; isolated from Hovenia dulcis; RN given for (2R-trans)-isomer; structure in first source. (+)-dihydromyricetin : An optically active form of dihydromyricetin having (2R,3R)-configuration.		3.790dihydromyricetin;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
methylselenic acid
methylseleninic acid : An organoselenium compound that is seleninic acid in which the hydrogen attached to selenium is replaced by a methyl group.		2.0410one-carbon compound;
organoselenium compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite
1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine
1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine: structure given in first source		2.0310
ag 3-5
icilin: a cooling compound that activates TRPM8		2.0310C-nitro compound
isovitexin
[no description available]		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
sclareol
sclareol: structure given in first source. sclareol : A labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea.		2.0710labdane diterpenoidantifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
apoptosis inducer;
fragrance;
plant metabolite
schizandrer a
schizandrer A: from Fructus Schizandrae chinensis (Schisandraceae); structure given in first source		2.0610
androsin
androsin: phenol glycoside which prevents allergen & platelet-activating factor induced bronchial obstruction in guinea pigs in vivo prior to inhalation challenge		2.0210
tanshinone ii a
tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source		2.930abietane diterpenoid
hydromethylthionine
hydromethylthionine: reduced form of methylene blue. leucomethylene blue : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine in which the ring hydrogens at positions 3 and 7 have been replaced by dimethylamino groups.		2.1710aromatic amine;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amino compound		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
fluorochrome;
mouse metabolite;
rat metabolite
diadenosine triphosphate
[no description available]		7.110diadenosyl triphosphatemouse metabolite
4'-hydroxyflavanone
4'-hydroxyflavanone: structure in first source. 4'-hydroxyflavanones : Any hydroxyflavanone having a hydroxy substituent located at position 4'.		2.03104'-hydroxyflavanones;
monohydroxyflavanone
pridinol mesylate
[no description available]		2.1310
technetium tc 99m pentetate
Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate: A technetium imaging agent used in renal scintigraphy, computed tomography, lung ventilation imaging, gastrointestinal scintigraphy, and many other procedures which employ radionuclide imaging agents.		2.1710
anacardic acid
anacardic acid: isolated from Anacardium occidentale; monophenol monooxygenase inhibitor. anacardic acid : A hydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by a pentadecyl group at position 6. It is a major component of cashew nut shell liquid and exhibits an extensive range of bioactivities.		4.2330hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybenzoic acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
leucodin
leucodin: structure in first source		2.0710sesquiterpene lactone
n-n-propylnorapomorphine
[no description available]		2.0310aporphine alkaloid
urapidil monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
n-valyltryptophan
N-valyltryptophan: RN given refers to (L)-isomer		3.2710peptide
boswellic acid
boswellic acid: ursane type; RN given refers to (3alpha,4beta)-isomer; active principle of salai guggal; see also record for salai guggal		520triterpenoid
aminopterin
Aminopterin: A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.		2.4420dicarboxylic acidEC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
mutagen
elenolic acid
elenolic acid: extract of olive plant; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3alpha,4beta))-isomer; structure		2.0110
azepexole, dihydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate
17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.		2.1310corticosteroid hormone
irisflorentin
irisflorentin: bioactive substance isolated from Rhizoma Belamcandae; structure in first source		2.02104'-methoxyisoflavones
2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
n-acetyl-n-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine
N-acetyl-N-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine: metabolite of melatonin; structure in first source		210aromatic ketone
n,n'-bis(salicylideneamino)ethane-manganese(ii)
N,N'-bis(salicylideneamino)ethane-manganese(II): structure given in first source		3.1310
biotin
vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.		9.8830biotins;
vitamin B7		coenzyme;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
angiotensin ii
Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).		5.04380amino acid zwitterion;
angiotensin II		human metabolite
abt 980
[no description available]		2.4420
sk&f 75670
SK&F 75670: RN refers to HBr; N-methyl derivative of SK&F 38393		2.4420
atropine
tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.		2.4820
esatenolol
esatenolol : The (S)-enantiomer of atenolol.		2.0310atenololbeta-adrenergic antagonist
lignin
Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure.		10.6841
migalastat
migalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis		2.610piperidines
dendrophenol
dendrophenol: isolated from Dendrobium loddigesii		2.4220
sb 203580
[no description available]		5.25150imidazoles;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
nbi 27914
[no description available]		2.4420dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
sb 216763
[no description available]		2.4420indoles;
maleimides
erlotinib
[no description available]		2.5220aromatic ether;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
protein kinase inhibitor
erlotinib hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.9430hydrochloride;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
protein kinase inhibitor
4'-o-methylepigallocatechin
4'-methylepigallocatechin: antispasmodic from Maytenus rigida Mart (Celestraceae); structure in first source		2.0210catechinmetabolite
2'-hydroxyflavanone
[no description available]		2.0310
organophosphonates
hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.		2.0810divalent inorganic anion;
phosphite ion
l 694,458
DMP 777: structure given in first source		3.1210
limonin
[no description available]		4.6240epoxide;
furans;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
lactone;
limonoid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound		inhibitor;
metabolite;
volatile oil component
dizocilpine
[no description available]		2.0510secondary amino compound;
tetracyclic antidepressant		anaesthetic;
anticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist
(R)-atenolol
(R)-atenolol : The (R)-enantiomer of atenolol.		2.0310atenolol
memantine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420hydrochlorideantidepressant;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist
lunularin
lunularin: first source misnames compound; structure in first source		4.9671stilbenoid
9-ethynylphenanthrene
9-ethynylphenanthrene: structure given in first source		3.1210
(+)-epicatechin
(+)-epicatechin : A catechin that is flavan carrying five hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 3', 4', 5 and 7 (the 2S,3S-stereoisomer).		2.0210catechin;
polyphenol		cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
scutellarin
scutellarin: see scutellarein for aglycone. scutellarin : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of scutellarein.		3.9330glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
proteasome inhibitor
hydroxycitric acid
[no description available]		2.0610carbonyl compound
ergolide
ergolide: a potent cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactone from Inula sp.; structure given in first source. ergolide : A sesquiterpene lactone that is decahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2,5-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 4a and 8, a methylidene group at position 3 and an acetyloxy group at position 4. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Inula hupehensis.		2.0210acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
gamma-lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
moracin m
moracin M: has been isolated from Morus alba L.; structure in first source		9.460benzofurans
dihydroresveratrol
dihydroresveratrol: structure in first source. dihydroresveratrol : A stilbenol that is 1,1'-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene with hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4'.		6.61252stilbenolplant metabolite;
xenobiotic metabolite
pefabloc
[no description available]		2.0310
aflatoxin b1
Aflatoxin B1: A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.. aflatoxin B1 : An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11.		5.27101aflatoxin;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone		carcinogenic agent;
human metabolite
cirsimaritin
cirsimaritin: has antagonist or partial agonist activity on benzodiazepine receptors. cirsimaritin : A dimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4' respectively.		3.5720dihydroxyflavone;
dimethoxyflavone
pongidae
[no description available]		2.4420
loureirin b
loureirin B: component of dragon's blood resin		2.0710
24-norursodeoxycholic acid
24-norursodeoxycholic acid: structure given in first source		3.2310
dihydrocubebin
dihydrocubebin: extract of leaves of Piper guineense Schum. & Thonn.; structure. dihydrocubebin : A glycol that is butane-1,4-diol substituted at the 2- and 3-positions by (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl groups (the R,R-configuration).		3.1210benzodioxoles;
butanediols;
glycol;
lignan
etravirine
[no description available]		2.610aminopyrimidine;
aromatic ether;
dinitrile;
organobromine compound		antiviral agent;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
succinylproline
[no description available]		2.0310N-acyl-amino acid
maduramicin
maduramicin: isolated from Actinomadura rubra		2.0710
sb 205384
SB 205384: structure in first source		2.4420thienopyridine
5-fluorotryptamine monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
chelidonine
chelidonine: benzophenanthridine derived from scoulerine from Chelidonium majus; RN given refers to parent cpd (chelidonine, (5bR-(5balpha,6beta,12alpha))-isomer)		2.5720alkaloid antibiotic;
alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid
hydrastine
[no description available]		3.8230isoquinolinesmetabolite
piribedil mesylate
[no description available]		2.1310
gabaculine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
etiron monohydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0310
troleandomycin
Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		3.5520acetate ester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyketide;
semisynthetic derivative		EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor;
xenobiotic
serc
[no description available]		2.1310
4-n-butylresorcinol
4-n-butylresorcinol: structure in first source		6.2951resorcinols
procyclidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310hydrochloride
tv3326
[no description available]		2.0810indanes
bmy 7378
[no description available]		2.0310
atorvastatin calcium
2-phenyl-2-(1-piperidinyl)propane: cytochromes P450 2B1 and P450 2B6 antagonist; structure in first source		3.1210
vesamicol
[no description available]		2.0310
darunavir
Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.		2.7620carbamate ester;
furofuran;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
dapivirine
Dapivirine: effectively prevented human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in cocultures of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and T cells, representing primary targets in sexual transmission		2.610
sorafenib
[no description available]		3.9630(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
(7R)-7,15,17-trihydroxy-11-methyl-12-oxabicyclo[12.4.0]octadeca-1(14),15,17-trien-13-one
[no description available]		2.1310macrolide
solifenacin succinate
Solifenacin Succinate: A quinuclidine and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and selective M3 MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST. It is used as a UROLOGIC AGENT in the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE.		2.1510isoquinolines
demecolcine
Demecolcine: An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.. (-)-demecolcine : A secondary amino compound that is (S)-colchicine in which the N-acetyl group is replaced by an N-methyl group. Isolable from the autumn crocus, Colchicum autumnale, it is less toxic than colchicine and is used as an antineoplastic.		210alkaloid;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent
santonin
Santonin: Anthelmintic isolated from the dried unexpanded flower heads of Artemisia maritima and other species of Artemisia found principally in Russian and Chinese Turkestan and the Southern Ural region. (From Merck, 11th ed.)		2.0710botanical anti-fungal agent;
santonin		plant metabolite
cholic acid
Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.		2.422012alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
7alpha-hydroxy steroid;
bile acid;
C24-steroid;
trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer
Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		2.07103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
C29-steroid;
phytosterols;
stigmastane sterol		anticholesteremic drug;
antioxidant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
deoxycholic acid
Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.		4.1631bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human blood serum metabolite
cortisone
[no description available]		3.014011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
equilin
Equilin: An estrogenic steroid produced by HORSES. It has a total of four double bonds in the A- and B-ring. High concentration of euilin is found in the URINE of pregnant mares.		2.131017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid
adrenosterone
adrenosterone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene carrying three oxo-substituents at positions 3, 11 and 17.		2.131011-oxo steroid;
17-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
human urinary metabolite;
marine metabolite
gossypol acetic acid
[no description available]		3.9230
tenulin
tenulin: toxic constituent of Helenium amarum (bitter sneezeweed); structure		2.0210sesquiterpene lactone
3-nitrotyrosine
3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		4.091402-nitrophenols;
C-nitro compound;
nitrotyrosine;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
epinastine
dexamethasone acetate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer		2.1310corticosteroid hormone
benzatropine methanesulfonate
[no description available]		2.1310
4',6-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone
4',6-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone : A dimethoxyflavone that is the 5,7-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein.		2.1310dihydroxyflavone;
dimethoxyflavone
lanosterol
[no description available]		3.592014alpha-methyl steroid;
3beta-sterol;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		bacterial metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-hydroxyestradiol
2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2.		2.131017beta-hydroxy steroid;
2-hydroxy steroid		carcinogenic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug
medrysone
[no description available]		2.1310corticosteroid hormone
artisone acetate
[no description available]		2.1310corticosteroid hormone
vincristine sulfate
[no description available]		2.7430organic sulfate saltantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector
nsc 74859
NSC 74859: inhibits Stat3 binding activity; structure in first source. S3I-201 : An amidobenzoic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of [(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)oxy]acetic acid with the amino group of 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.		2.610amidobenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
tosylate ester		STAT3 inhibitor
anisomycin
Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.		2.0710monohydroxypyrrolidine;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
protein synthesis inhibitor
benzofurans
Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.		9.2871
chondocurine (1beta)-(+-)-isomer
curine: structure in first source		2.1310aromatic ether
lupeol
[no description available]		4.3730pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite
n-methylserotonin oxalate salt
[no description available]		2.0310
metribolone
Metribolone: A synthetic non-aromatizable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumors.. 17beta-hydroxy-17-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one : A synthetic non-aromatisable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumors.		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid		androgen
acetylstrophanthidin
acetylstrophanthidin: structure. acetylstrophanthidin : An acetate ester that is strophanidin acetylated at the 3beta-hydroxy group.		2.0710acetate esteranti-arrhythmia drug
nsc 95397
[no description available]		2.44201,4-naphthoquinones
withaferin a
withaferin A: an antiestrogen and phytogenic antineoplastic agent isolated from leaves of Withania somnifera Dun.; structure. withaferin A : A withanolide that is 5,6:22,26-diepoxyergosta-2,24-diene-1,26-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 27 (the 4beta,5beta,6beta,22R stereoisomer). Isolated from Physalis longifolia, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.		4.292027-hydroxy steroid;
4-hydroxy steroid;
delta-lactone;
enone;
epoxy steroid;
ergostanoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol;
withanolide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
berbamine
[no description available]		2.610bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
noscapine
Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.		2.0410aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
isobenzofuranone;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antitussive;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
Harringtonine
harringtonin: alkaloid C from Caphalotaxus fortunei		2.0710alkaloid
acivicin
[no description available]		2.0710isoxazoles;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		antileishmanial agent;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor;
glutamine antagonist;
metabolite
ketopinic acid
ketopinic acid: structure in first source		2.0710
4-methoxyxanthone
4-methoxyxanthone: a vasodilator; structure in first source		2.5520
u-104
SLC-0111: a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
wortmannin
[no description available]		4.08140acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
delta-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Penicillium metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent
2-methyl-N-[4-(propan-2-ylamino)phenyl]-2-propenamide
[no description available]		2.1310amine
withanolides
Withanolides: Ergostane derivatives of 28 carbons with oxygens at C1, C22, and C26 positions and the side chain cyclized. They are found in WITHANIA plant genus and have cytotoxic and other effects.		9.8630
menthofuran
menthofuran: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; derives from cyclization of pulegone. menthofuran : A monoterpenoid that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 6.		3.12101-benzofurans;
monoterpenoid		nematicide;
plant metabolite
marmesin
marmesin: RN given refers to (S)-isomer; nodakenetin is the (R)-isomer		210marmesin
4-(2-Amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)phenol
[no description available]		2.0510phenols
gitoxigenin
gitoxigenin: structure		2.071014beta-hydroxy steroid;
16beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid
graveoline
graveoline: structure in first source		2.0710quinolines
4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en
4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,3abeta,4beta,8aalpha))-isomer; a natural benzyl ester of a carotyl type azulene sesquiterpenoid; structure in first source		2.0710
erianin
Erianin: from Dendrobium chrysotoxum; structure in first source		2.1110
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.		2.8130
demethyleneberberine
demethyleneberberine: structure in first source		3.2510
7-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl)-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxanyl]-1-benzopyran-4-one
[no description available]		2.610glycoside
7-ethyl-7-hydroxy-10h-1,3-dioxolo(4,5-g)pyrano(3',4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-8,11(7h,12h)-dione
7-ethyl-7-hydroxy-10H-1,3-Dioxolo(4,5-g)pyrano(3',4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-8,11(7H,12H)-dione: an antineoplastic agent that inhibits survivin, Mcl-1, and cIAP2; structure in first source		2.3110
(2S,3R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol
[no description available]		2.21101-benzofurans;
guaiacols;
guaiacyl lignin;
primary alcohol
bortezomib
[no description available]		7.78111amino acid amide;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
protease inhibitor;
proteasome inhibitor
calcein am
calcein AM: a non-fluorescent compound cleaved to a fluorescent compound by non-specific intracellular esterases. calcein am : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is calcein in which all four carboxy group hydrogens have been substituted by (acetyloxy)methoxy groups and the hyrodgens of the two hydroxy groups have been substituted by acetyl groups. It is a a non-fluorescent probe cleaved to a fluorescent probe by non-specific intracellular esterases.		2.04102-benzofurans;
acetate ester;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		4.11401,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
mrs 1191
MRS 1191: a selective A3 adenosine receptor antagonist; structure given in first source		2.4320cinnamate ester
tizoxanide
tizoxanide: major metabolite of nitazoxanide; structure in first source		2.610salicylamides
5f-203
2-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazole: structure in first source		2.1110
bardoxolone methyl
methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate: structure in first source		3.1910cyclohexenones
dihydropyridines
Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.		2.7330
gant 61
GANT 61: a sonic hedgehog pathway inhibitor and Gli inhibitor; structure in first source. GANT61 : An aminal that is hexahydropyrimidine which is substituted on each nitrogen by a 2-(dimethylamino)benzyl group, and at the aminal carbon by a pyridin-4-yl group. A Hedgehog signaling pathway and Gli protein inhibitor.		2.2110aminal;
dialkylarylamine;
pyridines;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor
leupeptins
Leupeptins: A group of acylated oligopeptides produced by Actinomycetes that function as protease inhibitors. They have been known to inhibit to varying degrees trypsin, plasmin, KALLIKREINS, papain and the cathepsins.		4.9960
carboplatin
[no description available]		2.0610
lithium chloride
Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.		2.4420inorganic chloride;
lithium salt		antimanic drug;
geroprotector
schisanhenol
schisanhenol: a dibenzyl cyclooctane from kernels of Schisandra rubriflora; structure given in first source		7.1110
s-adenosylhomocysteine
S-Adenosylhomocysteine: 5'-S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-5'-thioadenosine. Formed from S-adenosylmethionine after transmethylation reactions.. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine : An organic sulfide that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-homocysteine.		2.0510adenosines;
amino acid zwitterion;
homocysteine derivative;
homocysteines;
organic sulfide		cofactor;
EC 2.1.1.72 [site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific)] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.79 (cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase) inhibitor;
epitope;
fundamental metabolite
glycogen
glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.		5.53190
sorbose
sorbopyranose : The pyranose form of sorbose.. L-sorbopyranose : The L-stereoisomer of sorbopyranose.		2.0810L-sorbose;
sorbopyranose
n-acetylneuraminic acid
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: An N-acyl derivative of neuraminic acid. N-acetylneuraminic acid occurs in many polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1518). N-acetylneuraminic acid : An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl.		2.4110N-acetylneuraminic acidsantioxidant;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
fibrin
Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot.		2.6620peptide
bradykinin
[no description available]		7.0610oligopeptidehuman blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent
canavanine
L-canavanine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-homoserine substituted at oxygen with a guanidino (carbamimidamido) group. Although structurally related to L-arginine, it is non-proteinogenic.		2.0310amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite
hexacyanoferrate iii
hexacyanoferrate III: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.3110
glucosamine
D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.		7.1710D-glucosamineEscherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
mouse metabolite
elastin
[no description available]		2.6320oligopeptide
carnosine
polaprezinc: stimulates bone growth		3.4711amino acid zwitterion;
dipeptide		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
mevalonic acid
Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.		2.77303,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
naringenin
(S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.		7.24380(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
epiglucan
epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction.		8.45122
5-hydroxytryptophan
hydroxytryptophan : A hydroxy-amino acid that is tryptophan substituted by at least one hydroxy group at unspecified position.. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan : The L-enantiomer of 5-hydroxytryptophan.		2.03105-hydroxytryptophan;
amino acid zwitterion;
hydroxy-L-tryptophan;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
oxytocin
Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.		4.5951heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone		oxytocic;
vasodilator agent
laminaran
beta-1,3-glucan: component of fungal cell walls; also used as antitumor polysaccharide; unspecified D usually means BETA-GLUCANS; beta-1,3-D-glucan is also available; glucan phosphate is also available; biosynthesis is inhibited by echinocandins (cyclic hexapeptides). laminarin : A polysaccharide composed of beta-(1->3)-linked glucose residues containing sporadic beta-(1->6)-linkages as branch points or inter-residue linkages and 2-3% D-mannitol at some reducing termini.		2.1510
pantetheine
Pantetheine: An intermediate in the pathway of coenzyme A formation in mammalian liver and some microorganisms.. pantetheine : An amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of pantothenic acid and the amino group of cysteamine.		2.0710pantetheines;
thiol		human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
cysteinylglycine
cysteinylglycine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemlne 7/13/83. L-cysteinylglycine : A dipeptide consisting of glycine having an L-cysteinyl attached to its alpha-amino group. It is an intermediate metabolite in glutathione metabolism.		2.7330dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ouabain
Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.		8.36011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
salicin
[no description available]		2.3110aromatic primary alcohol;
aryl beta-D-glucoside;
benzyl alcohols		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
puromycin
[no description available]		2.5120puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
taxifolin
(+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.		4.8290taxifolinmetabolite
mandelic acid, (s)-isomer
[no description available]		2.1310(2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
mandelic acid
tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone
Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of Serine Endopeptidases. Acts as alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process.. N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone : The N-tosyl derivative of L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone.		3.4670alpha-chloroketone;
sulfonamide		alkylating agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor
tartaric acid
tartaric acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-tartaric acid : The D-enantiomer of tartaric acid.		2.0510tartaric acidEscherichia coli metabolite
monoiodotyrosine
Monoiodotyrosine: A product from the iodination of tyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE), tyrosine is first iodized to monoiodotyrosine.. iodotyrosine : A tyrosine derivative which has at least one iodo-substituent on the benzyl moiety.. monoiodotyrosine : An iodotyrosine carrying a single iodo substituent.. 3-iodo-L-tyrosine : The monoiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying an iodo-substituent at position C-3 of the benzyl group.		2.0310amino acid zwitterion;
L-tyrosine derivative;
monoiodotyrosine;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
taurolithocholic acid
Taurolithocholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from lithocholic acid conjugation with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It solubilizes fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurolithocholic acid : The bile acid taurine conjugate of lithocholic acid.		2.520bile acid taurine conjugate;
monocarboxylic acid amide		human metabolite
nicotinamide-beta-riboside
N-ribosylnicotinamide : A pyridine nucleoside consisting of nicotinamide with a beta-D-ribofuranosyl moiety at the 1-position.		3.0640N-glycosylnicotinamide;
pyridine nucleoside		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
nitroarginine
Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.		3.1150guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
N-nitro compound;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
willardiine
willardiine: isolated from seeds of Acacia willariana; structure. 3-(uracil-1-yl)-L-alanine : The 3-(uracil-1-yl) derivative of L-alanine.		2.0310amino acid zwitterion;
L-alanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
mimosine
L-mimosine : An L-alpha-amino acid that is propionic acid substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a 3-hydroxy-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl group at position 3 (the 2S-stereoisomer). It a non-protein plant amino acid isolated from Mimosa pudica.		3.63204-pyridones;
amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
dehydroascorbic acid
Dehydroascorbic Acid: The reversibly oxidized form of ascorbic acid. It is the lactone of 2,3-DIKETOGULONIC ACID and has antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion.. L-dehydroascorbate : An organic anion and the conjugate base of L-dehydroascorbic acid, arising from deprotonation of the acidic C2-position.. L-dehydroascorbic acid : Dehydroascorbic acid having the L-configuration.		2.7630dehydroascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
mouse metabolite
cortodoxone
Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.		2.7530deoxycortisol;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
eriodictyol
eriodictyol: structure. eriodictyol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.		4.14403'-hydroxyflavanones;
tetrahydroxyflavanone
pelargonidin
pelargonidin: influences flower phenotype. pelargonidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium substituted by a hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 7 and 4'.		2.76305-hydroxyanthocyanidinplant metabolite
arbutin
hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.		10.2780beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
cellulase
Cellulase: An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE, lichenin, and cereal beta-glucans.. beta-cellotriose : A cellotriose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.		2.2510cellotriose
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		2.9840cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
conessine
conessine : A steroid alkaloid that is con-5-enine substituted by a N,N-dimethylamino group at position 3. It has been isolated from the plant species of the family Apocynaceae.		2.5720steroid alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
H3-receptor antagonist;
plant metabolite
meropenem
Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.		4.911alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
organic sulfide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
griseofulvin
Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.		2.81301-benzofurans;
antibiotic antifungal drug;
benzofuran antifungal drug;
organochlorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antibacterial agent;
Penicillium metabolite
digitoxin
Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.		2.0710cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir
Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.		9.140L-asparagine derivative;
quinolines		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
hyperforin
hyperforin: a prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative; antibiotic component of novoimanine; psychoactive agent in St. John's wort; Russian; structure;. hyperforin : A cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum.		4.7950
abacavir
abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.		2.63202,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
drug allergen;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
acebutolol hydrochloride
acebutolol hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of acebutolol, prepared using equimolar amounts of acebutolol and hydrogen chloride.		2.1310hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympathomimetic agent
amiodarone hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530aromatic ketone
dicyclomine hydrochloride
dicyclomine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dicyclomine. An anticholinergic, it is used to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.		2.7530hydrochlorideantispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist
metyrosine
alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.		2.0310L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
nortriptyline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530organic tricyclic compoundgeroprotector
paromomycin sulfate
paromomycin sulfate : An aminoglycoside sulfate salt resulting from the treatment of paromomycin with sulfuric acid. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.		2.0310
linezolid
[no description available]		3.8220acetamides;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
oxazolidinone		antibacterial drug;
protein synthesis inhibitor
indican
[no description available]		3.1240beta-D-glucoside;
exopolysaccharide;
indolyl carbohydrate
cyanidin 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside
cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : An anthocyanin cation that is a cyanidin cation linked to a beta-D-glucosyl moiety at position 3.		4.0840anthocyanin cation;
beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		metabolite
buclizine
luteolinidin: structure in first source		2.46205-hydroxyanthocyanidin
deltaline
[no description available]		2.0710acetate ester;
cyclic acetal;
diterpene alkaloid;
organic polycyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
ryanodine
Ryanodine: A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.. ryanodine : An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa.		2.4820
peonidin
peonidin: a COX-2 inhibitor with protein kinase inhibitory and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; RN given for chloride salt. peonidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium bearing four hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 4', 5 and 7 as well as a methoxy substituent at position 3'.		2.46205-hydroxyanthocyanidinantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
petunidin
petunidin: RN given for chloride salt. petunidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium bearing five hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 3', 4', 5 and 7 as well as a methoxy substituent at position 5'.		2.46205-hydroxyanthocyanidinplant metabolite
ruscogenin
ruscogenin: basic sapogenin of Ruscus sp.; RN given refers to (1 beta,3 beta,25R)-isomer		3.2710triterpenoid
ingenol
[no description available]		2.0710cyclic terpene ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid
phorbol
phorbol: RN given refers to (1aR-(1a alpha,1b beta,4a beta,7a alpha,7b alpha,8 alpha,9 beta,9b beta))-isomer; synonym isophorbol refers to (4a alpha)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7143. phorbol : A diterpenoid with the structure of tigliane hydroxylated at C-4, -9, -12(beta), -13 and -20, with an oxo group at C-3 and unsaturation at the 1- and 6-positions.		2.0810cyclic ketone;
enone;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid
stevioside
stevioside: Kaurene glucoside from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana; 300 times as sweet as sugar. stevioside : A diterpene glycoside that is rubusoside in which the hydroxy group at position 2 of the allylic beta-D-glucoside has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. It is a natural herbal sweetener that is 250-300 times sweeter than sucrose (though with a bitter aftertaste), extracted from the Stevia rebaudiana plant native to South America.. diterpene glycoside : A terpene glycoside in which the terpene moiety is a diterpenoid.		7.0810beta-D-glucoside;
bridged compound;
diterpene glycoside;
ent-kaurane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sweetening agent
cephaelin
cephaelin: do not confuse with cephalin of brain; after emetine this is the most important alkaloid of ipecac; protein synthesis inhibitor. cephaeline : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having a hydroxy group at the 6'-position and methoxy substituents at the 7'-, 10- and 11-positions.		2.610pyridoisoquinoline
micheliolide
micheliolide: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.4110sesquiterpene lactone
picrotin
picrotin: the less toxic component of PICROTOXIN lacking GABA activity. picrotin : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is picrotoxinin in which the olefinic double bond has undergone addition of water to give the corresponding tertiary alcohol. It is the less toxic component of picrotoxin, lacking GABA activity.		2.0710diol;
epoxide;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		plant metabolite
picrotoxinin
[no description available]		2.0710epoxide;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		GABA antagonist;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
genipin
[no description available]		2.1110iridoid monoterpenoidanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cross-linking reagent;
hepatotoxic agent;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
naringin
[no description available]		2.9840(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
neohesperidoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
isonaringin
isonaringin: structure in first source. narirutin : A disaccharide derivative that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
ochratoxin a
ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum.		3.78100isochromanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acyl-L-phenylalanine;
organochlorine compound;
phenylalanine derivative		Aspergillus metabolite;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
mycotoxin;
nephrotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
teratogenic agent
5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone
baicalein 5,6,7-trimethyl ether: stimulates fatty acid beta-oxidation; structure in first source. 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone : A trimethoxyflavone that is the 5,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of baicalein. It has been isolated from the plant Callicarpa japonica and has been shown to exhibit antiviral activity.		7.2110trimethoxyflavoneanti-HSV-1 agent;
plant metabolite
(-)-usnic acid
(-)-usnic acid : The (-)-enantiomer of usnic acid.		2.610usnic acidEC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
dihydropinosylvin
dihydropinosylvin : A member of the class of resorcinols carrying an additional 2-phenylethyl substituent at position 5.		2.4520diphenylethane;
resorcinols		EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
chrysophanol 8-o-glucoside
chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside: has anti-hepatitis B virus activity; also has antiplatelet and anticoagulant activities; isolated from Rheum palmatum. chrysophanol 8-O-beta-D-glucoside : A beta-D-glucoside in which the aglycone species is chrysophanol, the glycosidic linkage being to the hydroxy group at C-8.		210beta-D-glucoside;
monohydroxyanthraquinone
gingerol
gingerol: an active ingredient in GINGER along with SHOGAOL. a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone. gingerol : A beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1; believed to inhibit adipogenesis. It is a constituent of fresh ginger.		12.0190beta-hydroxy ketone;
guaiacols		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
yatein
yatein: isolated from Anthriscus sylvestris; structure in first source. dihydroanhydropodorhizol : A member of the class of butan-4-olides carrying 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl and (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively.		3.1210benzodioxoles;
butan-4-olide;
lignan;
methoxybenzenes		plant metabolite
securinine
securinine: a quinolizine pseudoalkaloid (not from amino acid) from Securinega suffurutiosa or Securinini nitras		2.0710indolizines
hinokinin
hinokinin: suppresses expression of both HBsAg and HBeAg. hinokinin : A lignan that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (gamma-butyrolactone) substituted by a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl group at positions 3 and 4 (the 3R,4R-diastereoisomer).		3.1210benzodioxoles;
gamma-lactone;
lignan		trypanocidal drug
Dubinidine
[no description available]		2.4620organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
cyclopamine
[no description available]		340piperidinesglioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
lignans
Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)		11.47130
acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal
acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal: a proteasome inhibitor. acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal : A tripeptide composed of N-acetylleucyl, leucyl and norleucinal residues joined in sequence.		2.610aldehyde;
tripeptide		cysteine protease inhibitor
s-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione
S-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione: photoaffinity label deriv of glutathione; inhibits glyoxalase I (EC 4.4.1.5)		2.0310peptide
n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine
N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor.		4.3170tripeptide
hydroxylamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420organic molecular entity
geniposidic acid
[no description available]		2.0310terpene glycoside
sb 228357
SB 228357: a neuroleptic with equivalent or higher antagonist affinity for 5-HT2 than for dopamine D2 receptor		2.4420indolyl carboxylic acid
sodium arsenite
sodium arsenite : An inoganic sodium salt with formula with formula NaAsO2.		2.4920arsenic molecular entity;
inorganic sodium salt		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
herbicide;
insecticide;
rodenticide
3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine
(S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine : A glycine derivative that is L-alpha-phenylglycine substituted at positions 3 and 5 on the phenyl ring by hydroxy groups.		2.0310amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
resorcinols
surfactin c
surfactin C : A cyclodepsipeptide that is N-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-13-methyltetradecanoyl]-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-leucyl-D-leucyl-L-valyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-D-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been lactonised by condensation with the alcoholic hydroxy group.		3.2510cyclodepsipeptide;
lipopeptide antibiotic;
macrocyclic lactone		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
surfactant
actinonin
actinonin: natural hydroxamic acid, pseudopeptide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces species; structure		2.4420
epiafzelechin
epiafzelechin: antioxidant; 3'-deoxy form of epicatechin; structure in first source. (-)-epiafzelechin : A catechin derivative having (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.4220catechinplant metabolite
malvidin-3-glucoside
malvidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : An anthocyanin cation consisting of malvidin having a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 3-hydroxy position.		2.9540anthocyanin cation;
aromatic ether;
beta-D-glucoside		metabolite
difluprednate
difluprednate: RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta)-isomer		2.1310butyrate ester;
corticosteroid hormone
doxorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4720anthracycline
dironyl
dironyl: pronounced antifertility agent in rats; lactation suppressor in other species; serotonin antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.1310organic molecular entity
vinpocetine
vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation		2.9840alkaloidgeroprotector
amcinonide
amcinonide: structure		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
acetate ester;
corticosteroid;
fluorinated steroid;
spiroketal		anti-inflammatory drug
flumethasone pivalate
flumethasone pivalate: structure		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
pivalate ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipruritic drug
tibolone
tibolone: used in prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. tibolone : Estran-3-one with a double bond between positions 5 and 10, and bearing both an ethynyl group and a hydroxy group at position 17 (R-configuration). A synthetic steroid hormone drug which acts as an agonist at all five type I steroid hormone receptors, it is used in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and for treatment of endometriosis.		2.432017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		bone density conservation agent;
hormone agonist
sultamicillin
sultamicillin: contains ampicillin & sulbactam		4.911penicillanic acid ester
dihydroergocristine monomesylate
dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.		2.9840methanesulfonate saltalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
betadex
beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.		6.83221cyclodextrin
acarbose
[no description available]		2.0710amino cyclitol;
glycoside
7-ketolithocholic acid
7-ketolithocholic acid: RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta)-isomer. 7-oxolithocholic acid : A bile acid that is lithocholic acid carrying an additional oxo substituent at position 7.		2.1103alpha-hydroxy steroid;
bile acid;
monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid;
oxo-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite
acetyl coenzyme a
Acetyl Coenzyme A: Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.		4.4340acyl-CoAacyl donor;
coenzyme;
effector;
fundamental metabolite
e-z cinnamic acid
cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid		4.8650cinnamic acidplant metabolite
ergosterol
[no description available]		5.71503beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
ergostanoid;
phytosterols		fungal metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
trichostatin a
trichostatin A: chelates zinc ion in the active site of histone deacetylases, resulting in preventing histone unpacking so DNA is less available for transcription; do not confuse with TRICHOSANTHIN which is a protein; found in STREPTOMYCES		10.3690antibiotic antifungal agent;
hydroxamic acid;
trichostatin		bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
tretinoin
Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		6.22240retinoic acid;
vitamin A		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
aurovertin b
[no description available]		2.0410
arachidonic acid
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.		4.82100icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
prostaglandin h2
Prostaglandin H2: A cyclic endoperoxide intermediate produced by the action of CYCLOOXYGENASE on ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is further converted by a series of specific enzymes to the series 2 prostaglandins.		1.9910olefinic compound;
oxylipin;
prostaglandins H;
secondary alcohol		mouse metabolite
farnesol
Farnesol: A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesol : The (2-trans,6-trans)-stereoisomer of farnesol.. farnesol : A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1.		2.0410farnesolplant metabolite
retinol
Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).		13.47121retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
cyanoginosin lr
cyanoginosin LR: cyclic heptapeptide from cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. microcystin-LR : A microcystin consisting of D-alanyl, L-leucyl, (3S)-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl,L-arginyl, 2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecanoyl, D-gamma-glutamyl, and 2,3-didehydro-N-methylalanyl residues joined into a 25-membered macrocycle. Produced by the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, it is the most studied of the microcystins.		2.1710microcystinbacterial metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oleic acid
Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.		3.86100octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
tacrolimus
Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.		7.7220macrolide lactambacterial metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
farnesyl pyrophosphate
farnesyl pyrophosphate: a sesquiterpene that dimerizes to SQUALENE; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate : The trans,trans-stereoisomer of farnesyl diphosphate.		2.0610farnesyl diphosphateEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.		7.25370ferulic acidsanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
pectins
Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid.		4.26160D-galactopyranuronic acid
cocaine
Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.		3.0240benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid
icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.		4.4860icosapentaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		anticholesteremic drug;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
fungal metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
thapsigargin
Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.		3.5480butyrate ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		2.07102-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
brivudine
brivudine: anti-herpes agent		2.0310
5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene-2,8-diol
5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene-2,8-diol: estrogen receptor ligand; structure in first source. (R,R)-5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydro-2,8-chrysenediol : A carbotetracyclic compound that is 5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 8 and by ethyl groups at positions 5 and 11 (the 5R,11R-stereoisomer). It is an agonist of ER-alpha and antagonist of ER-beta receptors.		2.4420carbotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol		estrogen receptor agonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent
lycopene
[no description available]		10.96281acyclic caroteneantioxidant;
plant metabolite
zithromax
Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.		2.7930macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
2-amino-3-(5-tert-butyl-3-(phosphonomethoxy)-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid
2-amino-3-(5-tert-butyl-3-(phosphonomethoxy)-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid: structure in first source		2.0310
geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate: RN given refers to (E,E,E)-isomer. geranylgeranyl diphosphate : A polyprenol diphosphate having geranylgeranyl as the polyprenyl component.. 2-trans,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate : The all-trans-isomer of geranylgeranyl diphosphate.		2.0610geranylgeranyl diphosphatemouse metabolite
2-butenal
crotonaldehyde : An enal consisting of propene having a formyl group at the 1-position.		2.5920enal
obeticholic acid
obeticholic acid: A farnesoid X receptor agonist and anticholestatic agent that is used in the treatment of chronic liver diseases; structure in first source.. obeticholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is chenodeoxycholic acid carrying an additional ethyl substituent at the 6alpha-position. A semi-synthetic bile acid which acts as a farnesoid X receptor agonist and is used for treatment of primary biliary cholangitis.		7.11103alpha-hydroxy steroid;
7alpha-hydroxy steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		farnesoid X receptor agonist;
hepatoprotective agent
t0901317
T0901317: an LXRalpha and LXRbeta agonist		7.7830
y 27632
Y 27632: RN given for di-HCl salt; inhibits Rho-associated protein kinase; inhibits calcium sensitization to affect smooth muscle relaxation; structure in first source. Y-27632 : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme.		2.0810aromatic amide
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide)
Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group.		2.4720adenosines;
monocarboxylic acid amide		adenosine A1 receptor agonist;
adenosine A2A receptor agonist;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
prostaglandin d2
Prostaglandin D2: The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesized by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects.. prostaglandin D2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins D that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9 and 15 and an oxo group at position 11 (the 5Z,9alpha,13E,15S- stereoisomer).		7.9740prostaglandins Dhuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
diethylstilbestrol
Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.		6.35190olefinic compound;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
endocrine disruptor;
xenoestrogen
6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime
6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime: structure in first source. 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin substituted at position 6 by a bromo group and in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.		2.0510
histidyl-proline diketopiperazine
cyclo(L-His-L-Pro) : A homodetic cyclic peptide resulting from the formal condensation of both the amino and acid groups of L-histidine with the acid and amino groups of L-proline. It is a metabolite of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).		2.1310dipeptide;
homodetic cyclic peptide;
imidazoles;
pyrrolopyrazine		anti-inflammatory agent;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
human blood serum metabolite
alitretinoin
Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.		2.0710retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
metabolite;
retinoid X receptor agonist
roflumilast
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
benzamides;
chloropyridine;
cyclopropanes;
organofluorine compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
L-cycloserine
L-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora.		2.79304-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-oneanti-HIV agent;
anticonvulsant;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor
h 89
N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		3.570N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
afimoxifene
afimoxifene : A tertiary amino compound that is tamoxifen in which the phenyl group which is in a Z- relationship to the ethyl substituent is hydroxylated at the para- position. It is the active metabolite of tamoxifen.		3.4670phenols;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
metabolite
imidazolidines
[no description available]		2.110azacycloalkane;
imidazolidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
decitabine
[no description available]		8.36602'-deoxyribonucleoside
1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol
[no description available]		2.0310
pantethine
pantethine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. pantethine : An organic disulfide that consists of two molecules of pantothenic acid linked by amide bonds to a cysteamine disulfide bridging group.		2.0710organic disulfidecoenzyme;
nutraceutical
steviol
steviol: aglucon of stevioside; RN given refers to (4alpha)-isomer. steviol : An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is 5beta,8alpha,9beta,10alpha-kaur-16-en-18-oic acid in which the hydrogen at position 13 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.4110bridged compound;
ent-kaurane diterpenoid;
monocarboxylic acid;
tertiary allylic alcohol;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent
iridoids
Iridoids: A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES).		2.4520
kt 5720
KT 5720: indolocarbazole; synthetic derivative of K 252a. KT 5720 : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of hexyl (3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (the 2R,3S,5S product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.		2.0510carboxylic ester;
gamma-lactam;
hemiaminal;
indolocarbazole;
organic heterooctacyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
tertiary alcohol		EC 2.7.11.11 (cAMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor
12-deoxyphorbol 13-acetate
[no description available]		2.0710phorbol estermetabolite
ketoconazole
(2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.		2.5520cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
purvalanol a
6-((3-chloro)anilino)-2-(isopropyl-2-hydroxyethylamino)-9-isopropylpurine: purvalanol A is the (1R)-isomer;		2.0310purvalanol
cefamandole
Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.		2.0410cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		3.4270actinomycinmutagen
gamma-sitosterol
clionasterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is poriferast-5-ene carrying a beta-hydroxy substituent at position 3.		2.44203beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
phytosterols		marine metabolite;
plant metabolite
bevirimat
bevirimat: an HIV inhibitor; disrupts late step in processing HIV Major Core Protein p24, preventing the capsid precursor p25 from being converted to mature capsid p24. bevirimat : A pentacyclic triterpenoid obtained by the formal condensation of 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid with the 3-hydroxy group of betulinic acid. It is isolated from the Chinese herb Syzygium claviflorum. The first in the class of HIV-1 maturation inhibitors to be studied in humans, bevirimat was identified as a potent HIV drug candidate and several clinical trials were conducted, but development into a new drug was plagued by numerous resistance-related problems.		2.610dicarboxylic acid monoester;
monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		HIV-1 maturation inhibitor;
metabolite
tiazofurin
tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).		2.43201,3-thiazoles;
C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
prodrug
aphidicolin
Aphidicolin: An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.. aphidicolin : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication.		2.520tetracyclic diterpenoidantimicrobial agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
apoptosis inducer;
Aspergillus metabolite;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite
azaserine
Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species.		2.4820carboxylic ester;
diazo compound;
L-serine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		antifungal agent;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
glutamine antagonist;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
melphalan
Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.		10.6651L-phenylalanine derivative;
nitrogen mustard;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
enkephalin, leucine
Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties.		2.2110pentapeptide;
peptide zwitterion		analgesic;
delta-opioid receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
neurotransmitter;
rat metabolite
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.		5.1470amino aldehyde;
carbamate ester;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
tenofovir
tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.5820nucleoside analogue;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
schizandrin
schizandrin: a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan; schizandra is the plant name		2.110
posaconazole
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxolanes;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		trypanocidal drug
gw 257406x
maribavir: has antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus		2.610
5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone
mosloflavone: from Ranunculus japonicus; structure in first source		2.2110ether;
flavonoids
cinnamtannin b-1
cinnamtannin B-1: COX2 Inhibitor from bay wood and bark of Cinnamomum cassia; structure in second source. cinnamtannin B-1 : A proanthocyanidin found in Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum zeylanicum.		2.1110proanthocyanidincyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
micafungin
Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.		2.2510antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
(+)-usnic acid
[no description available]		2.0710usnic acid
beta, beta-dimethylacrylshikonin, (+)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0710hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
shikonin
shikonin: a naphthazarin; has antineoplastic and angiogenesis inhibiting activities		2.930hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
8-prenylnaringenin
8-prenylnaringenin: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. sophoraflavanone B : A trihydroxyflavanone that is (S)-naringenin having a prenyl group at position 8.		7.0410(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
trihydroxyflavanone		plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
kazinol b
kazinol B: a natural isoprenylated flavan		2.0210
4,4-difluoro-N-[(1S)-3-[3-(3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]-1-phenylpropyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.610tropane alkaloid
cmx 001
[no description available]		2.610
amd 8664
[no description available]		2.610
pallidol
pallidol: isolated from Ciccus pallida; structure in first source. pallidol : A tetracyclic stilbenoid that is a homodimer obtained by cyclodimerisation of resveratrol.		8.680carbopolycyclic compound;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid		antifungal agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
bay 41-4109
BAY 41-4109: structure in first source		2.610
bay 57-1293
pritelivir: herpes simplex virus 1 helicase-primase inhibitor		2.610
favipiravir
favipiravir : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine substituted by aminocarbonyl, hydroxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3 and 6, respectively. It is an anti-viral agent that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of several RNA viruses and is approved for the treatment of influenza in Japan.		3.3510hydroxypyrazine;
organofluorine compound;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor
riboflavin
vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).		4.5720flavin;
vitamin B2		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
maltitol
maltitol : An alpha-D-glucoside consisting of D-glucitol having an alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 4-position. Used as a sugar substitute.		2.1310alpha-D-glucoside;
glycosyl alditol		laxative;
metabolite;
sweetening agent
2'-c-methylcytidine
2'-C-methylcytidine: structure in first source		2.610
isoxanthohumol
isoxanthohumol: structure in first source		2.610flavanones
5-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine
5-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine: structure		3.4211
sodium bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.		2.4820one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antacid;
food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous
Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.		2.5320organic sodium saltNMR chemical shift reference compound
ammonium acetate
ammonium acetate : An ammonium salt obtained by reaction of ammonia with acetic acid. A deliquescent white crystalline solid, it has a relatively low melting point (114degreeC) for a salt. Used as a food acidity regulator, although no longer approved for this purpose in the EU.		210acetate salt;
ammonium salt		buffer;
food acidity regulator
IPA-3
IPA-3 : An organic disulfide obtained by oxidative dimerisation of 1-sulfanylnaphthalen-2-ol.		3.2510naphthols;
organic disulfide		EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
trichloromethylperoxy radical
[no description available]		210
6-hydroxyindole
6-hydroxyindole: structure in first source		3.3510
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-n-hydroxybutanamide
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-hydroxybutanamide: a c-FLIP inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
4-phenylcoumarin
4-phenylcoumarin: structure given in first source. 4-phenylcoumarin : The simplest member of the class of neoflavones that is coumarin substituted by a phenyl group at position 4.		2.0310neoflavones
mecarbinate
[no description available]		2.610
alpha-asarone
asarone: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #847. asarone : A phenylpropanoid that is benzene substituted by methoxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 4 and a propen-1-yl group at position 5. It has been isolated from Acorus.. alpha-asarone : The trans-isomer of asarone.		3.2510asaroneanticonvulsant;
GABA modulator
rhapontin
rhapontin: constituent of rhubarb rhizome		3.5680rhaponticinangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
cinnamaldehyde
3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.		9.79503-phenylprop-2-enal;
cinnamaldehydes		antifungal agent;
EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sensitiser;
vasodilator agent
2-hydroxycinnamic acid
trans-2-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 2-coumaric acid.. 2-coumaric acid : A monohydroxycinnamic acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-2 of the phenyl ring.		2.49202-coumaric acid;
phenols		antioxidant;
metabolite
3-coumaric acid
3-coumaric acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation in Chemline. trans-3-coumaric acid : A 3-coumaric acid that is phenol substituted with trans-2-propenoic acid at position C-3.. 3-coumaric acid : A monohydroxycinnamic acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-3 of the phenyl ring.		2.05103-coumaric acid
trans-4-coumaric acid
hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring.		6.462104-coumaric acidfood component;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
geraniol
[no description available]		3.27103,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol;
monoterpenoid;
primary alcohol		allergen;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
dimethyl fumarate
[no description available]		3.1440diester;
enoate ester;
methyl ester		antipsoriatic;
immunomodulator
glycosides
[no description available]		5.66230
chalcone
trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.		10.0870chalconeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
sinapinic acid
sinapinic acid: a matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption technique for protein MW determination; a constituent of propolis. trans-sinapic acid : A sinapic acid in which the double bond has trans-configuration.		2.5220sinapic acidMALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
isomethyleugenol
Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		5.35200isomethyleugenol
piplartine
piplartine: Antineoplastic Agent, Phytogenic; alkaloid from Piper; structure in first source		2.6620cinnamamides;
dicarboximide
citral
citral: Xref geranial: geraniol is also available; Xref neral: nerol is also available; vitamin A antagonist; oxygenated monoterpene; inhibits cytosolic dehydrogenases; structure. citral : An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange.		3.5110enal;
monoterpenoid;
polyprenal		plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
piperine
piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum.		11214benzodioxoles;
N-acylpiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary carboxamide		food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
squalene
Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate		2.0210triterpenehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
stilbenes
Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.		29.47,420165stilbene
thermospine
thermospine: structure given in first source		2.1310
2'-hydroxychalcone
2'-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2'.		2.1510chalcones;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent
2,2'-dihydroxychalcone
2,2'-dihydroxychalcone: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source		2.1510
isoliquiritigenin
[no description available]		5.57120chalconesantineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
GABA modulator;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor antagonist
phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone
phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone: a spin-trapping agent		210
propolin c
propolin C: a PAK1 inhibitor; from Taiwanese propolis; structure in first source. nymphaeol A : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' and a geranyl group at position 6. Isolated from Macaranga tanarius and propolis collected in Okinawa, it exhibits radical scavenging activity.		3.25104'-hydroxyflavanones;
tetrahydroxyflavanone		metabolite;
radical scavenger
xanthohumol
xanthohumol: from hop plant, Humulus lupulus. xanthohumol : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 6' and a prenyl group at position 3'. Isolated from Humulus lupulus, it induces apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma cells.		5.3290aromatic ether;
chalcones;
polyphenol		anti-HIV-1 agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.20 (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor;
metabolite
4-dimethylaminostilbene
4-dimethylaminostilbene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.4520
dibenzylidene acetone
dibenzylidene acetone: structure in first source		2.1310
cardamonin
cardamonin: found in Zingiberaceae; structure in first source		4.2920chalcones
xanthoangelol
xanthoangelol: from Angelica keiskei; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer		2.0410
sorbic acid
Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring.		7.0110alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
sorbic acid
vedelianin
vedelianin: Cytotoxic; from Macaranga tanarius; structure in first source. vedelianin : A stilbenoid derivative isolated from Macaranga alnifolia and Macaranga alnifolia and has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic activity.		2.3110cyclic ether;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
resorcinols;
stilbenoid		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
rauwolscine
Rauwolscine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.		2.4620methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate
cannabidiol
Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.		10.8940olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
malonyl coenzyme a
Malonyl Coenzyme A: A coenzyme A derivative which plays a key role in the fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplasmic and microsomal systems.. omega-carboxyacyl-CoA : An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with one of the carboxy groups of any alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid.		5.08120malonyl-CoAsEC 2.3.1.21 (carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
arginine vasopressin
Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.		2.0310vasopressincardiovascular drug;
hematologic agent;
mitogen
palmitoyl coenzyme a
Palmitoyl Coenzyme A: A fatty acid coenzyme derivative which plays a key role in fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis.. palmitoyl-CoA : A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the thiol group of coenzyme A.		2.11011,12-saturated fatty acyl-CoA;
3-substituted propionyl-CoA;
long-chain fatty acyl-CoA;
palmitoyl bioconjugate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
gw9662
2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide: pretreatment of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors with GW9662 results in the irreversible loss of ligand binding		3.1450benzamides
calmidazolium
calmidazolium chloride : The organic choride salt of calmidazolium.		2.4420organic chloride saltapoptosis inducer;
calmodulin antagonist
triiodothyronine, reverse
[no description available]		2.41103,3',5'-triiodothyronine;
amino acid zwitterion
dodecylphosphocholine
dodecylphosphocholine: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; RN refers to chloride. dodecylphosphocholine : A phosphocholine that is the monododecyl ester of phosphocholine		2.2510phosphocholinesdetergent
acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal
acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal: a capase inhibitor. Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-H : A tetrapeptide consisting of two L-aspartic acid residues, an L-glutamyl residue and an L-valine residue with an acetyl group at the N-terminal and with the C-terminal carboxy group reduced to an aldehyde. It is an inhibitor of caspase-3/7.		2.610tetrapeptideprotease inhibitor
4-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-6-thiophen-2-yl-8-cyclohepta[c]furanone
[no description available]		2.1310cycloheptafuran
5-[(5-methoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3-furanyl)methoxy]-2-methyl-3-benzofurancarboxylic acid 2-methoxyethyl ester
[no description available]		2.13102-methoxyethyl ester;
benzofurans
5,6,7-trimethoxy-1-methyl-2-indolecarboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.1310indolyl carboxylic acid
haplamine
haplamine: isolated from Haplophyllum acutifolium; structure in first source		2.1310organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
6-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,4-dimethyl-5-thieno[3,4]pyrrolo[1,3-d]pyridazinone
[no description available]		2.4110organic heterobicyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound
amygdalin
(R)-amygdalin : An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.		2.0710amygdalinantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
tropisetron hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
Reactive blue 2
[no description available]		2.0310anthraquinone
hydrastine, (r-(r*,s*))-isomer
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-benzimidazol-2-one
5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one: stimulates Cl- secretion in the mouse jejunum		2.0310dichlorobenzene
quinidine sulfate
[no description available]		2.4420
leuprolide
Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.		7.5220oligopeptideanti-estrogen;
antineoplastic agent;
gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
octotropine methylbromide
octotropine methylbromide: minor descriptor (65-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search TROPANES (69-86); RN given refers to endo-isomer. anisotropine methylbromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.		2.6320
diethylstilbestrol dipropionate
diethylstilbestrol dipropionate: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1310
fludarabine
[no description available]		2.7430purine nucleoside
(1S,2R)-2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol
[no description available]		2.1310alkylbenzene
glycerylphosphorylcholine
choline alfoscerate : A member of the class of phosphocholines that is the choline ester of sn-glycero-3-phosphate. It is one of the major osmolyte in the renal medullary cells.. glycerophosphocholine : The glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine. A nutrient with many different roles in human health.		2.1310phosphocholines;
sn-glycerol 3-phosphates		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
parasympatholytic;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
n-methylscopolamine nitrate
[no description available]		2.1310
propylthiouracil
Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.		2.4820pyrimidinethioneantidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antimetabolite;
antioxidant;
antithyroid drug;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
hormone antagonist
phenytoin sodium
[no description available]		2.1310
nsc 4347
NSC 4347: structure in first source		2.1310
ipratropium bromide anhydrous
[no description available]		2.4720
4-methoxy-N1,N3-bis(3-pyridinyl)benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide
[no description available]		2.1310benzamides
methamilane methiodide
[no description available]		2.4720
physostigmine salicylate
[no description available]		2.1310azaheterocycle salicylate salt;
salicylates
pilocarpine nitrate
[no description available]		2.4720
r 59949
R 59949: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor		2.7430diarylmethane
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine
[no description available]		2.7530
methylatropine nitrate
[no description available]		2.4720
4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
[no description available]		2.0710benzodioxoles
1-[1-oxo-2-[(4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c][1]benzopyran-7-yl)oxy]ethyl]-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.1310coumarins
prothionamide
Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.		2.1310pyridines
2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one
[no description available]		2.1310benzoxazine
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		9.69650
chlorprothixene
Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.		2.0410chlorprothixene
dienestrol
Dienestrol: A synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen structurally related to stilbestrol. It is used, usually as the cream, in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms.. dienestrol : An olefinic compound that is hexa-2,4-diene substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively.		2.1310
mercaptopurine
Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.		2.610aryl thiol;
purines;
thiocarbonyl compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
methylthiouracil
Methylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.		2.1310pyrimidone
vasicine
vasicine: RN given refers to (R)-isomer		2.0710
sb 366791
N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamanilide: a TRPV1 antagonist; structure in first source		2.4420
ag-213
tyrphostin 47: inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-R both in vitro and in living cells;		2.4420
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5.		10.681600catechols;
polyphenol;
resorcinols;
stilbenol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
bemesetron
[no description available]		2.4420
3,4-methylenedioxy-beta-nitrostyrene
3,4-methylenedioxy-beta-nitrostyrene: tyrosine kinase inhibitor that prevents platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation; structure in first source		2.0510
7,8,3'-trihydroxyflavone
7,8,3'-trihydroxyflavone: a potent small molecule TrkB receptor agonist that protects spiral ganglion neurons from degeneration both in vitro and in vivo		2.0310
jrf 12
N2,N4-dibenzylquinazoline-2,4-diamine: a selective, potent, reversible, and ATP-competitive p97 inhibitor		2.610
phenylthiourea
Phenylthiourea: Phenylthiourea is a THIOUREA derivative containing a phenyl ring. Depending on their genetic makeup, humans can find it either bitter-tasting or tasteless.. N-phenylthiourea : A member of the class of thioureas that is thiourea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a phenyl group. Depending on their genetic makeup, humans find it either very bitter-tasting or tasteless. This unusual property resulted in N-phenylthiourea being used in paternity testing prior to the advent of DNA testing.		3.3510thioureasEC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor
4-methoxy-N-(3-pyridinylmethyl)benzamide
[no description available]		2.1310benzamides
(S)-(-)-pindolol
[no description available]		2.0310pindolol
levosulpiride
(S)-(-)-sulpiride : An optically active form of sulpiride having (S)-configuration. The active enantiomer of the racemic drug sulpiride. Selective D2-like dopamine antagonist (Ki values are ~ 0.015. ~ 0.013, 1, ~ 45 and ~ 77 muM at D2, D3, D4, D1 and D5 receptors respectively).		2.0310sulpirideantidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
3',4'-dimethoxyflavone
[no description available]		2.0510
3,4'-dihydroxyflavone
3,4'-dihydroxyflavone: an antioxidant; structure in first source		2.610
caffeic acid
trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.		7.86360caffeic acidgeroprotector;
mouse metabolite
1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-nitroethylene
4-methoxy-beta-nitrostyrene: has vasodilator activity; structure in first source		2.0510methoxybenzenes
4-methoxycinnamic acid
[no description available]		3.620cinnamic acids
5-methyl-4-[(2-oxo-1-benzopyran-7-yl)oxymethyl]-2-furancarboxylic acid methyl ester
[no description available]		2.1310coumarins
2-(1,3-dioxo-2-isoindolyl)-N-(3-nitrophenyl)acetamide
[no description available]		2.1310phthalimides
4-fluorophenyl-L-alanine
4-fluorophenyl-L-alanine : A L-phenylalanine derivative that is L-phenylalanine in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a fluoro group.		2.44204-fluorophenylalanine;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid : A methoxycinnamic acid that is trans-cinnamic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 4' respectively.		3.7320methoxycinnamic acid
phenylthiazolylthiourea
Phenylthiazolylthiourea: A dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor.		2.0510
isoferulic acid
isoferulic acid: isomer of ferulic acid; structure. isoferulic acid : A ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring.		2.610ferulic acidsantioxidant;
biomarker;
metabolite
ethyl ferulate
ethyl ferulate: structure in first source		2.0210
urocanic acid
Urocanic Acid: 4-Imidazoleacrylic acid.. urocanic acid : An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is prop-2-enoic acid substituted by a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. It is a metabolite of hidtidine.. trans-urocanic acid : A urocanic acid in which the double bond of the carboxyethene moiety has E configuration.		7.8130urocanic acidhuman metabolite
(S)-monastrol
[no description available]		2.0710ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone
[no description available]		2.1310stilbenoid
cyclouridine
cyclouridine: structure given in third source		2.610
(2'-(4-aminophenyl)-(2,5'-bi-1h-benzimidazol)-5-amine)
[no description available]		2.0510benzimidazoles
n-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide
N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide: Cardioprotective Agent; a small-molecule activator of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 that reduces ischemic damage to the heart		2.110carbonyl compound;
organohalogen compound
7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin
7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin: a substrate for CYP3A4		710
cotinine
Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.		2.9740N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid		antidepressant;
biomarker;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole
[no description available]		2.1310oxadiazole;
ring assembly
3-(3,5-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyranyl)propanoic acid
[no description available]		2.1310psoralens
heliotrine
[no description available]		2.0710pyrrolizines
1,6-dimethyl-3-(2-pyridinyl)pyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine-5,7-dione
[no description available]		2.1310pyrimidotriazine
sclareolide
[no description available]		2.0710naphthofuran
thiothixene
[no description available]		2.1310N-methylpiperazineanticoronaviral agent
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		18.854133aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
9-hydroxy-4-[1-oxo-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one
[no description available]		2.1310pyridochromene
hypocrellin b
hypocrellin B: photosensitive pigments isolated from Hypocrella bambusae Sacc; structure given in first source		2.0710
ucf 101
UCF 101: an Omi/HtrA2 inhibitor with cardioprotective activity; structure in first source		2.4520
5-bromo-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid [3-(3-methylphenoxy)-4-oxo-1-benzopyran-7-yl] ester
[no description available]		2.1310chromones
4-aminostilbene
4-aminostilbene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.830
5-methyl-4-[(3-methyl-6-oxo-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[c][1]benzopyran-1-yl)oxymethyl]-2-furancarboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.1310coumarins
4-methyl-3-(phenylmethyl)-7-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1-benzopyran-2-one
[no description available]		2.1310coumarins
3-(1-azepanylsulfonyl)-n-(3-bromphenyl)benzamide
3-(1-azepanylsulfonyl)-N-(3-bromphenyl)benzamide: a sirtuin 2 inhibitor; structure in first source		3.3110
[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-quinolinyl]-(4-morpholinyl)methanone
[no description available]		2.1310quinolines
5-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutoxy)-3,4,7-trimethyl-1-benzopyran-2-one
[no description available]		2.1310coumarins
methimazole
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.		3.12101,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thionesantithyroid drug
N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-furancarboxamide
[no description available]		2.1310aromatic amide;
furans
2-(8-methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-quinolinyl)-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide
[no description available]		2.1310quinolines
N-[(6-methoxy-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-3-yl)methyl]-N-propan-2-yl-2-furancarboxamide
[no description available]		2.1310quinolines
cinnarizine
Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.		2.7530diarylmethane;
N-alkylpiperazine;
olefinic compound		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
sulindac
Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.		7.9740monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		analgesic;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent
cis-resveratrol
cis-resveratrol : The cis-stereoisomer of resveratrol.		8.82110resveratrol
zucapsaicin
[no description available]		2.610methoxybenzenes;
phenols
capsaicin
ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.		8.9310capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
terbinafine
[no description available]		2.0710acetylenic compound;
allylamine antifungal drug;
enyne;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
cysteine sulfinic acid
3-sulfino-L-alanine : The organosulfinic acid arising from oxidation of the sulfhydryl group of L-cysteine.		2.0310organosulfinic acid;
S-substituted L-cysteine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist;
mouse metabolite
epalrestat
epalrestat : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1,3-thiazolidine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a carboxymethyl group, at positions 2 and 4 by thioxo and oxo groups, respectively, and at position 5 by a 2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene group. It is an inhibitor of aldose reductase (which catalyses the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and is used for the treatment of some diabetic complications, including neuropathy.		2.0710monocarboxylic acid;
thiazolidines		EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
aurapten
aurapten: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. auraptene : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a geranyl group. Ii is isolated from several edible fruits and vegetables and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties.		9.0840coumarins;
monoterpenoid		antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
gamma-secretase modulator;
gastrointestinal drug;
hepatoprotective agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
PPARalpha agonist;
vulnerary
3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone
3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone: a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
nbd 556
[no description available]		2.610
d-ap7
[no description available]		2.0310
oxazolone
Oxazolone: Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent.		2.0810
chlorogenic acid
caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		6.62190cinnamate ester;
tannin		food component;
plant metabolite
CAY10591
CAY10591: a SIRT1 NAD-dependent histone deacetylase activator		4.1820quinoxaline derivative
tg 003
TG 003: a Clk inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone
[no description available]		2.1310stilbenoid
1-cyclohexyl-3-(6-ethoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)urea
[no description available]		2.1310benzothiazoles
N-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)methanamine
[no description available]		2.1310dimethoxybenzene
2-[[5-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethoxy]-4-oxo-2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-7-yl]oxy]acetic acid tert-butyl ester
[no description available]		2.1310flavones;
tert-butyl ester
thioguanine anhydrous
Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.		2.6102-aminopurinesanticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
thiobarbituric acid
thiobarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-thiobarbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid in which the oxygen at C-2 is replaced by sulfur.		2.0110barbituratesallergen;
reagent
ethylenethiourea
Ethylenethiourea: A degradation product of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) fungicides. It has been found to be carcinogenic and to cause THYROID hyperplasia.		2.1310imidazolidines
(1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride
(1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.4420hydrochloride
tacrine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.9940
thiourea
Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.		2.7730one-carbon compound;
thioureas;
ureas		antioxidant;
chromophore
D-fructopyranose
[no description available]		7.78281cyclic hemiketal;
D-fructose;
fructopyranose		sweetening agent
potassium oxonate
potassium oxonate: used to induce hyperuricemia in mice		2.0710organic molecular entity
thioacetamide
Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur.		7.4110thiocarboxamidehepatotoxic agent
4-bromotetramisole, oxalate (1:1), salt(s)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4420
tempo
TEMPO: structure. TEMPO : A member of the class of aminoxyls that is piperidine that carries an oxidanediyl group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 2, 2, 6, and 6, respectively.		2.8730aminoxyls;
piperidines		catalyst;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
radical scavenger
p-aminosalicylic acid monosodium salt
[no description available]		2.1310organic molecular entity
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		9.1740cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
2,4-Di(3-pyridyl)-1,3-thiazole
[no description available]		2.1710thiazoles
4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione
4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione: inhibits ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1		2.610
1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
mecysteine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310alpha-amino acid ester
4-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester, hydrochloride, (dl)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
capsazepine
capsazepine: modified capsaicin molecule; a capsaicin receptor antagonist. capsazepine : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist.		2.4420benzazepine;
catechols;
monochlorobenzenes;
thioureas		capsaicin receptor antagonist
fumonisin b2
fumonisin B2: produced by Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting ability. fumonisin B2 : A fumonisin that is (2S,3S,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,14,15-triol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 have each been esterified by condensation with the 1-carboxy group of 3-carboxyglutaric acid (giving a 3-carboxyglutarate ester group with R configuration in each case).		2.0710diester;
diol;
fumonisin;
primary amino compound		Aspergillus metabolite;
carcinogenic agent
diphenyleneiodium chloride
dibenziodolium chloride : An organic chloride salt having dibenziodolium as the counterion.		2.4420organic chloride saltEC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor;
G-protein-coupled receptor agonist
azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid, (cis)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
tamoxifen citrate
[no description available]		2.4420citrate saltangiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent
tamoxifen
[no description available]		6.34280stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
sodium taurodeoxycholate
Taurodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier.. taurodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.. taurodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurodeoxycholic acid.		2.0610bile acid taurine conjugatehuman metabolite
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride: structure in first source		2.0310
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate
[no description available]		2.0310
nadp
[no description available]		4.14150
pimagedine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)		5.29490
Betaine Aldehyde Chloride
[no description available]		2.0310quaternary ammonium salt
ethyl 6-methyl-4-phenyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate
ethyl 6-methyl-4-phenyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate: has antidiabetic activity; structure in first source		2.0710
ethionamide
Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.		2.1310pyridines;
thiocarboxamide		antilipemic drug;
antitubercular agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor;
leprostatic drug;
prodrug
5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine succinimidyl ester
[no description available]		2.0510
srpin340
SRPIN340: Serine-Arginine-Rich Protein Kinase Inhibitor		2.610
pr-619
[no description available]		2.610
p5091
P5091: inhibits ubiquitin-specific protease 7; structure in first source		2.610
sirtinol
[no description available]		7.76320aldimine;
benzamides;
naphthols		anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
Sir2 inhibitor
2-(2-furanyl)-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.1310organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
dihydrosamidine
[no description available]		2.1310
N-(2-methoxycyclohexyl)-3,4-dimethylaniline
[no description available]		2.1310methylbenzene
eskazine
[no description available]		2.7530
3-(n,n-dimethylsulfonamido)-4-methyl-nitrobenzene
BRL-50481 : A C-nitro compound that is benzene substituted by N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl, methyl and nitro groups at positions 1, 2 and 5, respectively. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor selective for the PDE7 subtype (Ki = 180 nM).		2.0510C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		bone density conservation agent;
EC 3.1.4.53 (3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
k 858
K 858: an Eg5 inhibitor and antineoplastic agent; structure in first source		2.1710benzenes
2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione
[no description available]		2.1310methylbenzene
monastrol
monastrol: stops mitosis by fostering formation of monopolar spindles; structure in first source. (S)-monastrol : An ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate that has S configuration.. monastrol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-monastrol.. ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate : A member of the class of thioureas that is 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1)-thione substituted by a 3-hydroxyphenyl group at position 4, an ethoxycarbonyl group at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6.		2.0310enoate ester;
ethyl ester;
phenols;
racemate;
thioureas		antileishmanial agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
2-[3-oxo-1-[[[oxo(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]amino]-sulfanylidenemethyl]-2-piperazinyl]acetic acid propan-2-yl ester
[no description available]		2.1310isopropyl ester;
piperazines
zeranol
Zeranol: A non-steroidal estrogen analog.		2.1310macrolide
fusidic acid
Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.		2.041011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid;
steroid antibiotic;
sterol ester		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
lincomycin
Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.		2.0710carbohydrate-containing antibiotic;
L-proline derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
S-glycosyl compound		antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
nabam
mancozeb: complex of zinc & maneb, containing 20% manganese & 2.5% zinc. mancozeb : A mixture composed from maneb and zineb, which is used as a broad-spectrum contact fungicide.. ethylenebis(dithiocarbamic acid) : A dithiocarbamic acid resulting from the formal addition of a molecule of carbon disulfide to each amino group of ethylenediamine.		2.6620dithiocarbamic acids
valinomycin
Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.		2.0710cyclodepsipeptide;
macrocycle		antimicrobial agent;
antiviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
potassium ionophore
trovirdine
trovirdine: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor		2.610
estrone sulfate
estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.041017-oxo steroid;
steroid sulfate		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
fti 277
[no description available]		2.610
u 0126
U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		3.96120aryl sulfide;
dinitrile;
enamine;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
osteogenesis regulator;
vasoconstrictor agent
vicriviroc
vicriviroc: structure in first source		2.610(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
telaprevir
[no description available]		2.610cyclopentapyrrole;
cyclopropanes;
oligopeptide;
pyrazines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
laccase
Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.		3.1650
4-diphenylacetoxy-n-methylpiperidine methiodide
4-DAMP methiodide : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by combining equimolar amounts of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine and iodomethane.		2.4420iodide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		cholinergic antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
lithium
Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.		930alkali metal atom
zineb
Zineb: An agricultural fungicide of the dithiocarbamate class. It has relatively low toxicity and there is little evidence of human injury from exposure.. zineb : A polymeric complex of zinc with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. Formerly used as an agricultural fungicide for the control of downy mildews and rusts, its use is no longer permitted in the US or the EU.		2.1510dithiocarbamate salt;
macromolecule;
zinc coordination entity		antifungal agrochemical
cobaltous chloride
cobaltous chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; RN in Chemline for cobalt trichloride: 10241-04-0; RN for 60-labeled cpd: 14543-09-0; RN for 57-labeled cpd: 164113-89-1; RN for 58-labeled cpd: 29377-09-1; structure. cobalt dichloride : A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is chloride. It is used as an indicator for water in desiccants.		4.7361cobalt salt;
inorganic chloride		allergen;
calcium channel blocker;
sensitiser;
two-colour indicator
maneb
Maneb: Manganese derivative of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate. It is used in agriculture as a fungicide and has been shown to cause irritation to the eyes, nose, skin, and throat.. maneb : A polymeric complex of manganese with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. An agrochemical fungicide, it is used to control a variety of diseases including blight, leaf spot, rust, downy mildew and scab.		7.5120
monooctanoin
monooctanoin: dissolution agent for retained cholesterol bile duct stones; RN in Chemline for octanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, MF unknown: 11140-04-8; RN for octanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1-monooctanoin): 502-54-5; RN in 9th CI Form Index for (+-)-1-monooctanoin: 19670-49-6. rac-1-monooctanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol comprising equal amounts of 1-octanoyl-sn-glycerol and 3-octanoyl-sn-glycerol.. 1-monooctanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has octanoyl as the acyl group.		2.52201-monoglyceride;
octanoate ester;
rac-1-monoacylglycerol
gestodene
Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer		3.1210steroidestrogen
orlistat
Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.		9.4241beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative		anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
quinine
[no description available]		2.4520cinchona alkaloidantimalarial;
muscle relaxant;
non-narcotic analgesic
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester
[no description available]		2.1110
methyl radical
[no description available]		7.1510organic radical
12-deoxyphorbolphenylacetate-20-acetate
[no description available]		2.0710
brassinin
[no description available]		2.0710dithiocarbamic ester;
indole phytoalexin
1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)imidazole-2-thiol
1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)imidazole-2-thiol: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 3/87		2.0310
e 7010
E 7010: inhibits tubulin polymerization; structure given in first source		2.5820sulfonamide
2-chloro-n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-n-methyluronamide
2-chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide: structure given in first source		2.4420
glutathione glycylethyl ester
[no description available]		2.0610
desdimethyltamoxifen
N,N-didesmethyltamoxifen: structure in first source		3.1210stilbenoid
isorhyncophylline
[no description available]		2.0410indolizinesmetabolite
chaetomellic acid a
chaetomellic acid A: structure given in first source; an inhibitor of farnesyl-protein transferase		2.0710
hirsutine
[no description available]		2.0710
bp 897
BP 897: a dopamine D3 receptor agonist; structure in first source		2.4420naphthalenecarboxamide
3-deoxyvasicine, hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
rasagiline
[no description available]		4.2540indanes;
secondary amine;
terminal acetylenic compound		EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
trequinsin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
dasatinib
N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).		3.11301,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
emetine dihydrochloride
emetine dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of emetine.. emetine dihydrochloride hydrate : A hydrate that is the monohydrate of the dihydrochloride salt of emetine.		2.0710hydrochlorideanticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
neboglamine
neboglamine: potential memory enhancer		2.0310
pelargonidin-3-glucoside
pelargonidin-3-glucoside: structure given in first source; RN given for chloride salt; RN for parent cpd not available 1/93. pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside chloride : A member of the class of anthocyanin chlorides that has pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside as the cationic counterpart.		2.1110anthocyanin chlorides
1-(3-chloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone
1-(3-chloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone: structure given in first source; endogenous differentiation-inducing factor; induces stalk-cell differentiation in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum		3.2510
sr 144528
SR 144528: a CB2 cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure in first source. SR 144528 : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of (1S,2S,4R)-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-amine. A potent and selective cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2 receptor) inverse agonist (Ki = 0.6 nM).		2.1310bridged compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazoles;
secondary carboxamide		CB2 receptor antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.26 (sterol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor
zd 6474
CH 331: structure in first source		2.2510aromatic ether;
organobromine compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines;
secondary amine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
cytellin
cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982		2.4420
thalifendine
thalifendine: structure in first source		3.2510
trimethoprim
[no description available]		2.1310
salinomycin
salinomycin: from Streptomyces albus; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.0440polyketide;
spiroketal		animal growth promotant;
potassium ionophore
ginsenosides
ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.		6.79100
silybin
[no description available]		4.640
yya-021
YYA-021: an HIV entry inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
4-hydroxy-1-[1-oxo-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propyl]-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.1310peptide
N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-ylmethyl)-2-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)acetamide
[no description available]		2.1310dimethoxybenzene
3-acetyl-6-methyl-1H-quinolin-4-one
[no description available]		2.1310quinolines
benzatropine methanesulfonate
benzatropine mesylate : The methanesulfonate salt of benzatropine. An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.		2.4420
cambinol
cambinol: inhibitor of human silent information regulator 2 enzymes; structure in first source		4.1620
sb 203186
[no description available]		2.0310indolyl carboxylic acid
n-(1-methyl-5-indolyl)-n'-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)urea
N-(1-methyl-5-indolyl)-N'-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)urea: a 5-HT(2B) receptor antagonist; structure given in first source. 1-(1-methylindol-5-yl)-3-(3-methyl-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)urea : A member of ther class of ureas that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens has been replaced by an N-methylindol-5-yl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen has been replaced by a 3-methyl-1,2-thiazol-5-yl group. It is a potent and selective antagonist for the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B (5-HT2B) receptor.		2.44201,2-thiazoles;
indoles;
ureas		receptor modulator;
serotonergic antagonist
ovalbumin
Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.		4.24160
3-(phenylthio)-1-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propanone
[no description available]		2.1310aryl sulfide
gw 7647
GW 7647: a PPAR-alpha agonist; structure in first source. GW 7647 : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-(phenylsulfanyl)isobutyric acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at the para- position by a 3-aza-7-cyclohexylhept-1-yl group in which the nitrogen is acylated by a (cyclohexylamino)carbonyl group.		2.4420aryl sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
ureas		PPARalpha agonist
sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.		3.0240organic sodium saltdetergent;
protein denaturant
ro 41-0960
[no description available]		2.4420
crocin
crocin: a free radical scavenger		7.3110
cgp 13501
CGP 13501: structure in first source		2.0310alkylbenzene
n-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamide
N-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamide: dopamine D4 ligand; structure in first source		2.4420
mtt formazan
MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes		2.4420
chloramine-t
chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.		2.0810organic sodium saltallergen;
antifouling biocide;
disinfectant
l 663536
MK-886: orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. 3-[3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a isopropyl group at position 5, a tert-butylsulfanediyl group at position 3, a 4-chlorobenzyl group at position 1 and a 2-carboxy-2-methylpropyl group at position 2. It acts as an inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.		2.4520aryl sulfide;
indoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist
brl 15572
3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol : An N-alkylpiperazine that is 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine carrying a 3,3-diphenyl-2-hydroxyprop-1-yl group at position 4. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.		2.4420monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
secondary alcohol		geroprotector;
serotonergic antagonist
mrs 1523
2,3-diethyl-4,5-dipropyl-6-phenylpyridine-3-thiocarboxylate-5-carboxylate: adenosine A3 receptor antagonist		2.4420
ML162
ML162 : A monochlorobenzene that is benzene substituted by (chloroacetyl){2-oxo-2-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl}amino, chloro and methoxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a covalent inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) that induces ferroptosis in cells.		2.2510monochlorobenzenes;
monomethoxybenzene;
organochlorine compound;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary carboxamide;
thiophenes		EC 1.11.1.9 (glutathione peroxidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer
flavan-3-ol
flavan-3-ol: structure in first source		4.560hydroxyflavonoid
N-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-9b-phenyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoindole-1-carboxamide
[no description available]		2.1310imidazolidines
Anthraniloyllycoctonine
[no description available]		2.1310diterpene alkaloid
or486
OR486: structure given in first source		2.0310
fg 9041
FG 9041: structure given in first source		2.4420quinoxaline derivative
(4-chlorophenyl)-[4-(8-nitro-5-quinolinyl)-1-piperazinyl]methanone
[no description available]		3.3110N-arylpiperazine
alpha-chymotrypsin
Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.		2.0210
ferrostatin-1
ferrostatin-1: inhibits ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death; structure in first source. ferrostatin-1 : An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-amino-4-(cyclohexylamino)benzoic acid with ethanol. It is a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis, a distinct non-apoptotic form of cell death caused by lipid peroxidation. It is also a radical-trapping antioxidant and has the ability to reduce the accumulation of lipid peroxides and chain-carrying peroxyl radicals.		2.610ethyl ester;
primary arylamine;
substituted aniline		antifungal agent;
antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
radiation protective agent;
radical scavenger
iik7
IIK7: structure in first source		2.0310
sb 415286
3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylamino)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.7830C-nitro compound;
maleimides;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols;
secondary amino compound;
substituted aniline		antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
dm 235
DM 235: structure in first source		2.4420
naphthoquinones
Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.		4.6980
d 609
[no description available]		2.1110
jhw 015
[no description available]		2.4420indolecarboxamide
5-methoxycarbonylamino-n-acetyltryptamine
5-methoxycarbonylamino-N-acetyltryptamine: an mt1/MT2 receptor agonist		2.0510acetamides
bw 723c86
[no description available]		2.4420tryptamines
sc 560
SC560 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1.		2.4420aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
N-[4-[(cyclohexylamino)-oxomethyl]phenyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.1310aromatic amide
sc-19220
[no description available]		2.0310aromatic ether
le 300
[no description available]		2.4420indoles
sitagliptin
sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		3.7820triazolopyrazine;
trifluorobenzene		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor;
xenobiotic
iododiflunisal
iododiflunisal: an amyloid inhibitor; structure in first source		2.4820
osteoprotegerin
Osteoprotegerin: A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B.		5.26140long-chain fatty acid
cathepsin g
Cathepsin G: A serine protease found in the azurophil granules of NEUTROPHILS. It has an enzyme specificity similar to that of chymotrypsin C.		1.9910
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide: a TGF-beta type I receptor kinase activity inhibitor		2.0510benzamides;
benzodioxoles;
imidazoles;
pyridines		EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
rhodamine 123
Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.		2.7430organic cation;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
1-[3-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.1310harmala alkaloid
ly 367265
LY 367265: a 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter inhibitor; a 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist; structure in first source. LY-367,265 : A fluoroindole that is 1H-indole in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 6 are replaced by 1-[2-(2,2-dioxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-2lambda(6)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[4,3,2-ij]quinolin-1(2H)-yl)ethyl]-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is an inhibitor of the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (Ki = 2.3 nM) and an antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) receptor (Ki = 0.81 nM).		2.4420dihydropyridine;
fluoroindole;
tertiary amino compound;
thiadiazoloquinoline		antidepressant;
geroprotector;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
myelin basic protein
Myelin Basic Protein: An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes.		2.7930
diclofenac sodium
Diclofenac Sodium: The sodium form of DICLOFENAC. It is used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.. diclofenac sodium : The sodium salt of diclofenac.		2.4720organic sodium salt
cgp 7930
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl)phenol: structure in first source		2.4420alkylbenzene
1,3,5-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-propyl-1h-pyrazole
4,4',4''-(4-propylpyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)trisphenol : A pyrazole that is 1H-pyrazole bearing three 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at positions 1, 3 and 5 as well as a propyl substituent at position 4. Potent, subtype-selective estrogen receptor agonist (EC50 ~ 200 pM); displays 410-fold selectivity for ERalpha over ERbeta. Prevents ovariectomy-induced weight gain and loss of bone mineral density, and induces gene expression in the hypothalamus following systemic administration in vivo.		2.4420phenols;
pyrazoles		estrogen receptor agonist
2-mercaptoacetate
2-mercaptoacetate: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1110monocarboxylic acid anion
ex 527
6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide: structure in first source. 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide : A member of the class of carbazoles that is 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole which is substituted at position 1 by an aminocarbohyl group and at position 6 by a chlorine.		5.2420carbazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound
sib 1757
SIB 1757: a selective mGluR5 antagonist; structure in first source		2.4420
2',3-dihydroxychalcone
2',3-dihydroxychalcone: structure in first source		2.1510
diethyl maleate
diethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis.		2.4420ethyl ester;
maleate ester		glutathione depleting agent
resveratrol-4'-o-glucuronide
resveratrol-4'-O-glucuronide: structure in first source		9.05242glycoside;
stilbenoid
calceolarioside b
calceorioside B: a cardioprotective agent isolated from Akebia; structure in first source		2.0610hydroxycinnamic acidmetabolite
fraxetin
fraxetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is 6-methoxycoumarin in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 8 have been replaced by hydroxy groups.		2.0210aromatic ether;
hydroxycoumarin		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
apoptosis inhibitor;
Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent
5,6-dehydrokawain
5,6-dehydrokawain: from Alpinia speciosa rhizoma; RN given for cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
9,10-dihydrolysergol
9,10-dihydrolysergol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0710
isoliensinine
isoliensinine: isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine lotus plumule; structure in first source		3.2510isoquinolines
geranylgeranic acid
geranylgeranic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranic acid : A diterpenoid obtained by formal oxidation of the CH2OH group of (E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol to the corresponding carboxylic acid.		2.0710alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
diterpenoid;
methyl-branched fatty acid;
trienoic fatty acid
tak-220
TAK-220: structure in first source		2.610
jtk-303
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone		HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
nbd 557
[no description available]		2.610
sphingosine
sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.		3.680sphing-4-eninehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
quercetin
[no description available]		16.6736837-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
bilirubin
[no description available]		3.4570biladienes;
dicarboxylic acid		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.		6.73531prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
dinoprost
Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.		3.76100monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
bergaptol
5-hydroxyfurocoumarin : A furanocoumarin which bears a hydroxy group at position 5.		3.12105-hydroxyfurocoumarin;
psoralens
coniferin
coniferin : A monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0210aromatic ether;
cinnamyl alcohol beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
biochanin a
[no description available]		5.29904'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
formononetin
[no description available]		3.91304'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
prostaglandin b1
prostaglandin Bx: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; polymeric derivative of diketo-PGB1; mean MW 2,200. prostaglandin B1 : A member of the class of prostaglandins B that is prosta-8(12),13-dien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 15 respectively (the 13E,15S-stereoisomer).		2.520prostaglandins Bhuman metabolite
sterigmatocystin
[no description available]		2.0710sterigmatocystinsmetabolite
arachidonyltrifluoromethane
arachidonyltrifluoromethane: structure given in first source; inhibits 85-kDa phospholipase A2. AACOCF3 : A fatty acid derivative that is arachidonic acid in which the OH part of the carboxy group has been replaced by a trifluoromethyl group		2.0110fatty acid derivative;
ketone;
olefinic compound;
organofluorine compound		EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor
vitexin
[no description available]		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
acacetin
5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin.		4.6240dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		anticonvulsant;
plant metabolite
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		7.92450trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
luteolin
[no description available]		10.893023'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone
7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone: isolated from Astragali radix; structure in first source. calycosin : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is 7-hydroxyisoflavone which is substituted by an additional hydroxy group at the 3' position and a methoxy group at the 4' position.		2.15104'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		antioxidant;
metabolite
linoleic acid
Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry.		3.77100octadecadienoic acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
plant metabolite
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		3.6690D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
pinosylvin
pinosylvin: phytoalexin found in pine and eucalyptus		5.87290pinosylvin
quercitrin
[no description available]		3.8630alpha-L-rhamnoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antileishmanial agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
scopoletin
[no description available]		4.4430hydroxycoumarinplant growth regulator;
plant metabolite
ubiquinone 9
ubiquinone 9: a form of coenzyme Q found in many foods; RN given refers to (all-E)-isomer		3.4211ubiquinonesantioxidant;
human metabolite
vitamin k semiquinone radical
vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.		4.0920
beta carotene
beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.		6.35120carotenoid beta-end derivative;
cyclic carotene		antioxidant;
biological pigment;
cofactor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
provitamin A
leukotriene b4
Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.		3.1250dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
leukotriene;
long-chain fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasoconstrictor agent
leukotriene c4
Leukotriene C4: The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene C4 : A leukotriene that is (5S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 6 via a sulfide linkage.		3.3320leukotrienebronchoconstrictor agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
thromboxane a2
Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation.		3.0140epoxy monocarboxylic acid;
thromboxanes A		mouse metabolite
coniferaldehyde
coniferaldehyde: from aqueous extract of Senra incana. coniferyl aldehyde : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.		2.0410cinnamaldehydes;
guaiacols;
phenylpropanoid		antifungal agent;
plant metabolite
hymecromone
Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.		2.9840hydroxycoumarinantineoplastic agent;
hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
daphnetin
[no description available]		4.0640hydroxycoumarin
8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid
8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid: A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.. all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis double bonds at positions 8, 11 and 14.		2.0110fatty acid 20:3;
long-chain fatty acid		fungal metabolite;
human metabolite;
nutraceutical
5'-o-caffeoylquinic acid
trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinic acid : A cinnamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of quinic acid.		3.7820cinnamate ester;
cyclitol carboxylic acid		plant metabolite
luteolin-7-glucoside
luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
chrysoeriol
chrysoeriol: isolated from leaves of Eurya japonica & E. emarginata. 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone : The 3'-O-methyl derivative of luteolin.		3.2510monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
quercetin 3-o-methyl ether
quercetin 3-O-methyl ether: from Rhamnus species; structure in first source. 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone : A tetrahydroxyflavone having the 4-hydroxy groups located at the 3'- 4'- 5- and 7-positions as well as a methoxy group at the 2-position.		3.5920monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
metabolite
furylfuramide
Furylfuramide: Used formerly as antimicrobial food additive. It causes mutations in many cell cultures and may be carcinogenic.. (Z)-2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide : A member of the class of acrylamides that is acrylamide which is substituted at positions 2 and 3 by 2-furyl and 5-nitro-2-furyl groups, respectively (the trans isomer). Formerly used as a food preservative, it was withdrawn from the market following suspicions of carcenogenicity.		1.9910acrylamides;
C-nitro compound;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
primary carboxamide
alprostadil
[no description available]		2.7630prostaglandins Eanticoagulant;
human metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
5(S)-HETE : A HETE having a (5S)-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.. 5-HETE : A HETE having a 5-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.		1.9810HETEhuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
cyclosporine
[no description available]		2.610
vitamin d 2
Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.		2.1110hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-ergostane;
vitamin D		bone density conservation agent;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
rodenticide
cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.		7.39100D3 vitamins;
hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane;
secondary alcohol;
steroid hormone		geroprotector;
human metabolite
quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside
quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells		4.4360beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antipruritic drug;
bone density conservation agent;
geroprotector;
histamine antagonist;
osteogenesis regulator;
plant metabolite
rutin
Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.		7.52350disaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
rutinoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
kaempferol
[no description available]		7.413107-hydroxyflavonol;
flavonols;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
prostaglandin g2
[no description available]		1.9910prostaglandins Ghuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position.		2.4420prostaglandins Falphahuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
zeaxanthin
Zeaxanthins: Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.		3.9121carotenolantioxidant;
bacterial metabolite;
cofactor
senecionine
senecionine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. senecionine : A pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant species of the genus Senecio.		2.0710lactone;
pyrrolizidine alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		plant metabolite
lipoxin a4
lipoxin A4: an antifibrolytic agent; structure given in first source; a role in ASPIRIN antiinflammatory activity. lipoxin A4 : A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (6R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds.		3.2310hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
lipoxin;
long-chain fatty acid		human metabolite;
metabolite
gamma-linolenic acid
gamma-Linolenic Acid: An omega-6 fatty acid produced in the body as the delta 6-desaturase metabolite of linoleic acid. It is converted to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a biosynthetic precursor of monoenoic prostaglandins such as PGE1. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). gamma-linolenic acid : A C18, omega-6 acid fatty acid comprising a linolenic acid having cis- double bonds at positions 6, 9 and 12.		2.5320linolenic acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
alpha-linolenic acid
linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid.		2.1510linolenic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
prostaglandin f1
prostaglandin F1: was EN to PROSTAGLANDINS F (75-81); RN given refers to (9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer		2.1310prostaglandins Falphahuman metabolite
harmine
Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.		2.920harmala alkaloidanti-HIV agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
genistein
[no description available]		12.0814417-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		8.0440antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
pulmicort
Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.		3.316011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic acetal;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
drug allergen
eprosartan
eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.		2.610dicarboxylic acid;
imidazoles;
thiophenes		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
timolol maleate
(S)-timolol maleate : The maleic acid salt of the active (S)-enantiomer of timolol, comprising equimolar amounts of (S)-timolol and maleic acid.		2.7530maleate saltanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
brompheniramine maleate
brompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		2.7530maleate saltanti-allergic agent
chlorpheniramine maleate
[no description available]		2.4420organic molecular entity
clemastine fumarate
clemastine fumarate : The fumaric acid salt of clemastine. An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.		2.4420fumarate saltanti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
methylergonovine maleate
[no description available]		2.4420ergoline alkaloidgeroprotector
mycophenolate mofetil
mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		3.7620carboxylic ester;
ether;
gamma-lactone;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
entacapone
entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.		2.6102-nitrophenols;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
jasmonic acid
jasmonic acid: a derivative of alpha-linolenic acid that has a role in plant response to herbivory analogous to the role of prostanoids in inflammation in mammals;. jasmonic acid : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring.		3.1850oxo monocarboxylic acidjasmonates;
plant metabolite
betalamic acid
betalamic acid: structure; the key intermediate in biogenesis of BETALAINS from TYROSINE		2.0710betalain;
dicarboxylic acid
butein
[no description available]		2.7330chalcones;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
astaxanthine
astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.		6.1290carotenol;
carotenone		animal metabolite;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
food colouring;
plant metabolite
fucoxanthin
fucoxanthin: RN given refers to (3S,3'S,5R,5'R,6S,6'R)-isomer. fucoxanthin : An epoxycarotenol that is found in brown seaweed and which exhibits anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties.		4.1420
lutein
Lutein: A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.. xanthophyll : A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes.		10.8761carotenolfood colouring;
plant metabolite
hispidol
hispidol : A hydroxyaurone that is aurone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 4' respectively.		3.2710hydroxyauroneplant metabolite
isobavachalcone
isobavachalcone: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source. isobavachalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4' and a prenyl group at position 3'.		3.5620chalcones;
polyphenol		antibacterial agent;
metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
sulfuretin
sulfuretin: the chalcone C ring closes into a 5 instead of the more typical 6 membered ring leaving a phenyl methane at the 2 position instead of the typical phenyl		2.07101-benzofurans
cucurbitacin b
[no description available]		3.1310cucurbitacin;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cucurbitacin i
cucurbitacin I: toxic constituent in edible gourd; see also records for cucurbitacins & specific cucurbitacins. cucurbitacin I : A cucurbitacin that is 9,10,14-trimethyl-4,9-cyclo-9,10-secocholesta-2,5,23-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 16, 20 and 25 and oxo groups at positions 1, 11 and 22.		3.2510cucurbitacin;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
genistin
genistin: glycoside of soy bean isoflavone, gentistein		2.43207-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside
chartreusin
chartreusin: structure		2.0710benzochromenone;
glycoside
harman
harman: a beta-carboline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. harman : An indole alkaloid fundamental parent with a structure of 9H-beta-carboline carrying a methyl substituent at C-1. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocus racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A.		2.4420harmala alkaloid;
indole alkaloid fundamental parent;
indole alkaloid		anti-HIV agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
Rhynchophylline
[no description available]		2.0410indolizinesmetabolite
esculetin
esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light.		9.3960hydroxycoumarinantioxidant;
plant metabolite;
ultraviolet filter
7-hydroxycoumarin
7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7.		3.8830hydroxycoumarinfluorescent probe;
food component;
plant metabolite
costunolide
[no description available]		2.0210germacranolide;
heterobicyclic compound		anthelminthic drug;
antiinfective agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antiviral drug;
metabolite
humulene
humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.		4.911alpha-humulene
oleuropein
oleuropein: iridoid isolated from leaves and fruit of Olea and Ligustrum (Oleaceae). oleuropein : A secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars.		3.930beta-D-glucoside;
catechols;
diester;
methyl ester;
pyrans;
secoiridoid glycoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
garcinol
garcinol: from stem bark of Garcinia huillensis; has chemotherapeutic activity against gram-positive & gram-negative cocci, mycobacteria & fungi		4.3840
methysticin
[no description available]		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
yangonin
yangonin: structure in first source		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
zearalenone
Zearalenone: (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.. zearalenone : A macrolide comprising a fourteen-membered lactone fused to 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species.		5.02110macrolide;
resorcinols		fungal metabolite;
mycoestrogen
amentoflavone
[no description available]		2.4920biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavone;
ring assembly		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
baicalein
[no description available]		5.52110trihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
chrysin
chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.		6.21307-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
datiscetin
datiscetin : A tetrahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 5.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone
3,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone
3,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone: structure in first source		2.0310hydroxyflavan
diosmetin
[no description available]		4.65403'-hydroxyflavonoid;
monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
vasodilator agent
diosmin
[no description available]		3.8730dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant
fisetin
[no description available]		13.81923'-hydroxyflavonoid;
7-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
galangin
5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.		5.53807-hydroxyflavonol;
trihydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
genkwanin
genkwanin: structure. genkwanin : A monomethoxyflavone that is apigenin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is methylated.		2.610dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		metabolite
hispidulin
hispidulin : A monomethoxyflavone that is scutellarein methylated at position 6.		3.2710monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
euxanthone
euxanthone : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1 and 7 and an oxo group at position 9. It has been isolated from Cratoxylum cochinchinense.		2.1710phenols;
xanthones		metabolite;
plant metabolite
gentisein
gentisein: isolated from the methanol extract of the herb of Hypericum annulatum; structure in first source. gentisein : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 7.		2.1310polyphenol;
xanthones		plant metabolite
hyperoside
quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity.		2.8730beta-D-galactoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
mangiferin
shamimin: isolated from the leaves of Bombax ceiba; structure in first source		3.1950C-glycosyl compound;
xanthones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
mangostin
mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.		4.3950aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
3-methylquercetin
isorhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' is replaced by a methoxy group.		5.01607-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
metabolite
norathyriol
norathyriol: from Gentinanaceae; has vasorelaxing action on rat thoracic aorta; structure given in first source. norathyriol : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7. Isolated from Garcinia mangostana and Maclura pomifera, it exhibits inhibitory activity against protein kinase C.		3.3110polyphenol;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
kaempferide
kaempferide: structure in first source. kaempferide : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol.		2.61207-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		antihypertensive agent;
metabolite
kuwanon g
kuwanon G: a non-peptide bombesin receptor antagonist; RN refers to (1S-(1alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer; structure given in first source. kuwanone G : A tetrahydroxyflavone isolated from the root barks of Morus alba and has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity.		2.7930resorcinols;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
morin
morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.		5.491107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
morusin
morusin: from Morus root bark; structure given in first source. morusin : An extended flavonoid that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 2' and 4', a prenyl group at position 3 and a 2,2-dimethyl pyran group across positions 7 and 8.		3.0340extended flavonoid;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
myricetin
[no description available]		6.282607-hydroxyflavonol;
hexahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
food component;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
myricitrin
myricitrin: isolated from root bark of Myrica cerifera L.; structure. myricitrin : A glycosyloxyflavone that consists of myricetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Myrica cerifera, it exhibits anti-allergic activity.		3.3110alpha-L-rhamnoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
pentahydroxyflavone		anti-allergic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
orientin
orientin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (D-glucopyranosyl)-isomer. orientin : A C-glycosyl compound that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 8.		2.6103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
C-glycosyl compound;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
quercetagetin
quercetagetin: structure given in first source; inhibits aldose reductase in rat lens. quercetagetin : A hexahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 6, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.4620flavonols;
hexahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite
rhamnetin
rhamnetin: aglycone of xanthorhamnin; from Rhamnus. rhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position 7.		2.0710monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
robinetin
robinetin: structure given in first source. robinetin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7, 3, 4' and 5'.		2.76307-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
scutellarein
scutellarein: aglycone of scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis; carthamidin is 2S isomer of scutellarein; do not confuse with isoscutellarein and/or isocarthamidin which are respective regioisomers, or with the scutelarin protein. scutellarein : Flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at C-4', -5, -6 and -7.		2.920tetrahydroxyflavonemetabolite
tamarixetin
tamarixetin: isolated from Costsus spicatus. tamarixetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position O-4'. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae.		2.49207-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
tricetin
tricetin : Flavone hydroxylated at positions 3', 4', 5, 5' and 7.		2.1110pentahydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
wogonin
wogonin: structure in first source. wogonin : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-8.		3.0340dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
coumestrol
Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.		4.3150coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
daidzein
[no description available]		11.652107-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
astringin
astringin: structure in first source. trans-astringin : A stilbenoid that is piceatannol substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		4.01130beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
isorhapontin
isorhapontin: from spruce (Picea); structure in first source		7.9740glycoside;
stilbenoid
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: hydroxystilbene oxyresveratrol		6.7390stilbenoid
polydatin
trans-piceid : A stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		4.13150beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antioxidant;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
nephroprotective agent;
potassium channel modulator
Pinosylvin methyl ether
[no description available]		3.1850stilbenoid
pterostilbene
[no description available]		13.491582diether;
methoxybenzenes;
stilbenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
hypoglycemic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
neurotransmitter;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
epsilon-viniferin
epsilon-viniferin: stilbene dimer; isolated from the Oriental medicinal plant Vitis coignetiae; structure given in first source. (-)-trans-epsilon-viniferin : A stilbenoid that is the (-)-trans-stereoisomer of epsilon-viniferin, obtained by cyclodimerisation of trans-resveratrol.		8.314911-benzofurans;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid		metabolite
5-o-caffeoylshikimic acid
5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid: from bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum; structure given in first source. 5-[(E)-caffeoyl]shikimic acid : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (E)-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of shikimic acid.		2.0810alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carboxylic ester;
catechols;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid		plant metabolite
chicoric acid
chicoric acid: inhibits HIV-1 integrase		2.5120organooxygen compoundgeroprotector;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
iridin
iridin : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is irigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.49204'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxyisoflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate
ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate: an antifungal agent isolated from Curcumba zedoaria		3.5110
caffeic acid phenethyl ester
phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component.		10.46110alkyl caffeate esteranti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
rosmarinic acid
rosmarinic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; promote OT project. (R)-rosmarinic acid : A stereoisomer of rosmarinic acid having (R)-configuration.. rosmarinic acid : The 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid.		5.42100rosmarinic acidgeroprotector;
plant metabolite
salvianolic acid a
salvianolic acid A: a nootropic depside from Salvia miltiorrhizia		7.3110stilbenoid
acteoside
acteoside: a protein kinase C inhibitor with hepatoprotective, anti-asthmatic, and analgesic activities; a phenylethanoid glycoside related to isoacteoside; from leaves of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae). acteoside : A glycoside that is the alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucoside of hydroxytyrosol in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the glucopyranosyl moiety has undergone esterification by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid.		5.170catechols;
cinnamate ester;
disaccharide derivative;
glycoside;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antileishmanial agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
4'-methoxy-3',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone
4'-methoxy-3',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone: structure in first source. pratensein : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones in which isoflavone is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 5, 7, and 3' positions, and by a methoxy group at the 4' position.		2.15104'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones
tectoridin
tectoridin: glycosylated tectorigenin. tectoridin : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is tectorigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.02107-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxyisoflavone;
methoxyisoflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
tectorigenin
tectorigenin: tectoridin is glycosylated form. tectorigenin : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 4' respectively.		2.71307-hydroxyisoflavones;
methoxyisoflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
wedelolactone
wedelolactone: antihepatotoxic coumestan from Eclipta prostrata and Wedelia calendulacea (both Asteraceae); structure given in first source. wedelolactone : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents as positions 1, 8 and 9 and a methoxy substituent at position 3.		2.0710aromatic ether;
coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite
rottlerin
rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.		4.2550aromatic ketone;
benzenetriol;
chromenol;
enone;
methyl ketone		anti-allergic agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
K-ATP channel agonist;
metabolite
ellagic acid
[no description available]		6.66210catechols;
cyclic ketone;
lactone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol		antioxidant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
flupenthixol
cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.		2.4420flupenthixoldopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833
valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215		2.3110homodetic cyclic peptide
l 660,711
[no description available]		2.0410quinolines
7-hydroxyflavone
7-hydroxyflavone : A hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group.		3.9430hydroxyflavonoid
soraphen a
[no description available]		2.0610cyclic hemiketal;
ether;
macrolide;
olefinic compound		bacterial metabolite;
EC 6.4.1.2 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) inhibitor;
teratogenic agent
estriol 17-glucuronide
[no description available]		2.1310steroid saponin
prostaglandin a1
[no description available]		2.0710prostaglandins A
coenzyme q10
coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.		9.75172ubiquinonesantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite
tectochrysin
tectochrysin: structure in first source. tectochrysin : A monohydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 7 respectively.		2.0310monohydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		antidiarrhoeal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
cerulenin
Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.		2.7330epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
4',7-dihydroxyflavone
4',7-dihydroxyflavone: inducer of nod gene. 4',7-dihydroxyflavone : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7.		1.9810dihydroxyflavonemetabolite
n-oleoyldopamine
N-oleoyldopamine: putative capsaicin receptor ligand; produces hyperalgesia; isolated from the brain. N-oleoyldopamine : A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with the amino group of dopamine. Synthesised in catecholaminergic neurons, it crosses the blood-brain barrier and might be considered as a carrier of dopamine into the brain. It is a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist.		2.4420catechols;
fatty amide;
N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine;
secondary carboxamide		TRPV1 agonist
pheniramine maleate
Naphcon A: tradename; contains above compounds; ophthalmic solution		2.4420organic molecular entity
rhoifolin
rhoifolin: from many plants. apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside : An apigenin derivative having an alpha-(1->2)-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety attached to the 7-hydroxy group.		2.7330dihydroxyflavone;
glycosyloxyflavone;
neohesperidoside		metabolite
vitexin rhamnoside
2''-O-rhamnopyranosylvitexin: has both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities; isolated from Alternanthera maritima; structure in first source. vitexin 2''-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside : A derivative of vitexin having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue attached at the 2''-position of the glucitol moiety.		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
disaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
geranylgeranylacetone
geranylgeranylacetone: structure in first source; RN given refers to isomeric cpd without isomeric designation; mixture of (5E,9E,13E) & (5Z,9E,13E)-isomers. teprenone : A terpene ketone in which a (9E,13E)-geranylgernayl group is bonded to one of the alpha-methyls of acetone (it is a mixture of 5E- and 5Z-geoisomers in a 3:2 ratio).		3.1210
tranilast
tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.		3.1850amidobenzoic acid;
cinnamamides;
dimethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
calcium channel blocker;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent
domoic acid
domoic acid: kainic acid analog, heterocyclic amino acid from seaweed; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. domoic acid : An L-proline derivative that is L-proline substituted by a carboxymethyl group at position 3 and a 6-carboxyhepta-2,4-dien-2-yl group at position 4. It is produced by the diatomic algal Pseudo-nitzschia. It is an analogue of kainic acid and a neurotoxin which causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).		2.0710L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;
tricarboxylic acid		algal metabolite;
hapten;
marine metabolite;
neuromuscular agent;
neurotoxin
8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha
8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position.		3.1550F2-isoprostanebiomarker;
bronchoconstrictor agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
trimipramine maleate
[no description available]		2.4420maleate saltantidepressant
tocotrienol, alpha
alpha-tocotrienol : A tocotrienol that is chroman-6-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 5, 7 and 8 and a farnesyl chain at position 2. It has been found in palm oil derived from Elaeis guineensis.		2.9810tocotrienol;
vitamin E		ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
tocotrienol, delta
delta-tocotrienol : A tocotrienol that is chroman-6-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 8 and a farnesyl chain at position 2.		3.9911tocotrienol;
vitamin E		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-hydroxyestradiol
4-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen. 4-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 4.		7.5204-hydroxy steroidmetabolite
4-hydroxychalcone
4-hydroxychalcone: structure in first source. 4-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.		2.1510chalcones;
phenols		antihypertensive agent;
plant metabolite
4'-hydroxychalcone
4'-hydroxychalcone: inhibits TNFalpha-induced NF-κB activation; structure in first source. 4'-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4'.		2.1510chalcones;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent
4,4'-dihydroxystilbene
[no description available]		3.95120stilbene-4,4'-diol
menatetrenone
menaquinone-4 : A menaquinone whose side-chain contains 4 isoprene units in an all-trans-configuration.		2.1310menaquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
bone density conservation agent;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
isotretinoin
Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.		2.7430retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
misoprostol
Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.		2.0510
xylometazoline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530
flunarizine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420diarylmethane
ketotifen fumarate
ketotifen fumarate : An organoammonium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of ketotifen(1+) and fumarate(1-) ions. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is a non-bronchodilator anti-asthmatic drug.		2.7530organoammonium saltanti-asthmatic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
indocyanine green
[no description available]		2.04101,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate;
benzoindole;
cyanine dye
dinoprost tromethamine
[no description available]		2.1310organic molecular entity
pitavastatin
pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.		2.4110cyclopropanes;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolines;
statin (synthetic)		antioxidant
cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride
cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of cis-flupenthixol.		2.4420hydrochloridegeroprotector
hydrocortisone valerate
hydrocortisone valerate: used in treatment of atopic dermatitis; RN given refers to 11beta-isomer		2.1310cortisol ester;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
valerate ester
trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid
(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoic acid : An octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid having (10E,12Z)-configuration.		2.0610octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid
prostaglandin f2 methyl ester
prostaglandin F2 methyl ester: has ocular hypotensive effect; RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer		2.1310prostanoid
thromboxane b2
Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.		2.7230thromboxanes Bhuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		4.081404-hydroxynon-2-enal;
4-hydroxynonenal
n-arachidonylglycine
N-arachidonylglycine: structure in first source. N-arachidonoylglycine : Biologically active derivative of anandamide		2.4420fatty amide;
N-acylglycine
n-oleoylethanolamine
N-oleoylethanolamine: ceramidase inhibitor. oleoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of oleic acid. The monounsaturated analogue of the endocannabinoid anandamide.		2.4420endocannabinoid;
N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine;
N-acylethanolamine 18:1		EC 3.5.1.23 (ceramidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol
Peceol: lipid excipient containing readily dispersible mixture of mono- & diglycerides of oleic acid. 1-oleoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride where the acyl group is oleoyl.. monooleoylglycerol : A monoglyceride in which the acyl group is oleoyl with the position of acylation unspecified.		3.23501-acylglycerol 18:1;
monooleoylglycerol		plant metabolite
menaquinone 6
menaquinone 6: RN given refers to (all-E)-isomer		2.3110
sphingosine 1-phosphate
sphingosine 1-phosphate: RN given refers to (R-(R*,S*-(E)))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89. sphingosine 1-phosphate : A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1		3.570sphingoid 1-phosphatemouse metabolite;
signalling molecule;
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist;
T-cell proliferation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate
[no description available]		2.1310
cyclosporine
ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		2.9640homodetic cyclic peptideanti-asthmatic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antirheumatic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
dermatologic drug;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
perhexiline maleate
[no description available]		2.1310
phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530organic molecular entity
phenylephrine hydrochloride
Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine.		2.7930hydrochloride
natamycin
[no description available]		2.0710antibiotic antifungal drug;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyene antibiotic		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
ophthalmology drug
mepyramine maleate
histosol: proprietary mixture of synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons forming an extremely nonpolar organic solvent		2.7530
sarcophytol a
sarcophytol A: structure given in first source; isolated from a soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum		2.3110cembrane diterpenoid
beta-nitrostyrene
beta-nitrostyrene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0510
3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5h-pyrido(4,3-b)indole
3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole: structure		1.9910pyridoindole
dorzolamide
dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.		3.6820sulfonamide;
thiophenes		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
ethisterone
Ethisterone: 17 alpha-Hydroxypregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one. A synthetic steroid hormone with progestational effects.. ethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 17beta hydrogen is replaced by an ethynyl group. Ethisterone was the first orally active progestin and is a metabolite of danazol.		2.131017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary alcohol		drug metabolite;
progestin
levetiracetam
Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.		4.2220pyrrolidin-2-onesanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nalmefene
nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer		2.1310morphinane alkaloid
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		2.4620morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
sirolimus
Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.		15.04620antibiotic antifungal drug;
cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		antibacterial drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
topiramate
Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.		3.6920cyclic ketal;
ketohexose derivative;
sulfamate ester		anticonvulsant;
sodium channel blocker
3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone
3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone: from Streptomyces sp OH-1049; structure given in first source. 3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone : A 7-hydroxyisoflavone that is daidzein substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3'.		2.15107-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
metabolite
4-hydroxystilbene
4-hydroxystilbene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. stilben-4-ol : A phenol having the structure of stilbene with a hydroxy function at C-4 of one of the phenyl rings; the stereochemistry across the alkene bond is not specified.		8.6790stilben-4-ol
6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol
6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol bearing an additional 6alpha-hydroxy substituent.		2.13106alpha-hydroxy steroid
brefeldin a
[no description available]		2.7430macrolide antibioticPenicillium metabolite
alvocidib
alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.		3.5820dihydroxyflavone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
fenretinide
Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.		2.4420monocarboxylic acid amide;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant
morphine
Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.		3.3160morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
as 605240
5-quinoxalin-6-ylmethylenethiazolidine-2,4-dione: a PI3Kgamma inhibitor; structure in first source. (5Z)-5-(quinoxalin-6-ylmethylidene)-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione : A quinoxaline derivative that is quinoxaline in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by a (2,4-dioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl group. It is a potent inhibitor of the PI3Kgamma, with an IC50 of 8 nM and inhibits the progression of joint inflammation and damage in both lymphocyte-independent and dependent mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0610quinoxaline derivative;
thiazolidinediones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
su 9516
[no description available]		2.0510
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. arotinoid acid : A retinoid that consists of benzoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a synthetic retinoid that acts as a selective agonist for the retinoic acid receptors (RAR).		2.4420benzoic acids;
naphthalenes;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
teratogenic agent
l-2-(carboxypropyl)glycine
[no description available]		2.0310
4-aminocrotonic acid
[no description available]		2.0310
denopamine
denopamine: structure given in first source		2.0310dimethoxybenzene
desoximetasone
Desoximetasone: A topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in DERMATOSES, skin allergies, PSORIASIS, etc.. desoximetasone : Dexamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position is substituted by hydrogen. A synthetic corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic in the treatment of various skin disorders, including skin allergies and psoriasis.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipruritic drug
dexmedetomidine
[no description available]		3.0430medetomidinealpha-adrenergic agonist;
analgesic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sedative
benzyloxycarbonyl-phe-ala-fluormethylketone
cathepsin B inhibitor : A cysteine protease inhibitor which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1).		2.610
l 655,708
[no description available]		2.4420
lysophosphatidic acid
lysophosphatidic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate : A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having oleoyl as the 1-O-acyl group.. lysophosphatidic acid : A member of the class of lysophosphatidic acids obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid. A 'closed' class.		2.78301-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
lysophosphatidylcholines
lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl.		2.5201-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
n-(n-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)alanyl)phenylglycine tert-butyl ester
DAPT : A dipeptide consisting of alanylphenylglycine derivatised as a 3,5-difluorophenylacetamide at the amino terminal and a tert-butyl ester at the carboxy terminal. A gamma-secretase inhibitor.		2.610carboxylic ester;
difluorobenzene;
dipeptide;
tert-butyl ester		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
cytochalasin b
Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.		2.7930cytochalasin;
lactam;
lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		actin polymerisation inhibitor;
metabolite;
mycotoxin;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
ml 10302
2-piperidinoethyl 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoate: structure in first source		2.0510
ro 41-1049
Ro 41-1049: structure given in first source		2.0310
pd 123319
PD123319 : An imidazopyridine consisting of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine having 4-(dimethylamino)-3-methylbenzyl, diphenylacetyl and carboxy and groups at positions 1, 5 and 6 respectively		2.0710imidazopyridineangiotensin receptor antagonist;
endothelin receptor antagonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
11-dehydrocorticosterone
11-dehydrocorticosterone : An 11-oxo steroid that is corticosterone in which the hydroxy substituent at the 11beta position has been oxidised to give the corresponding ketone.		2.111011-oxo steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
corticosteroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sb 200646a
[no description available]		2.4420
seglitide
seglitide: more potent than somatostatin for inhibition of insulin, glucagon & growth hormone release; used experimentally in treatment of Alzheimer's disease; somatostatin receptor antagonist		2.4420
sib 1893
SIB 1893: a selective mGluR5 antagonist; structure in first source		2.0310
u-44619
thromboxane A2 agonist : An agonist that binds to and activates thromboxane A2 receptors.		2.1310
vinorelbine
[no description available]		2.0710acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
onapristone
onapristone: induces vaginal bleeding and luteal regression in monkeys; structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist		3.1210
su 6656
SU 6656: a c-Src kinase inhibitor; used to probe growth signaling; structure in first source. SU6656 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which the hydrogeh at position 5 has been replaced by a dimethylaminosulfonyl group and in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group has been replaced by a 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-indol-2-yl group. It is a specific inhibitor of Src family kinase.		2.4420
12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid
12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid: metabolite of arachidonic acid in blood platelet suspension; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		1.9810hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
trienoic fatty acid		metabolite
(+)-trans-epsilon-viniferin
(+)-trans-epsilon-viniferin : A stilbenoid that is the (+)-trans-stereoisomer of epsilon-viniferin, obtained by cyclodimerisation of trans-resveratrol.		2.76301-benzofurans;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid
casticin
casticin: from fruit of Vitex rotundifolia; structure in second source. casticin : A tetramethoxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6, 7 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii.		7.6920dihydroxyflavone;
tetramethoxyflavone		apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
bisdemethoxycurcumin
curcumin III: structure in first source. bisdemethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by 4-hydroxycinnamoyl groups.		2.0710beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
metabolite
broussonin a
broussonin A: has antiviral activity; isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides; structure in first source		2.4320
broussonin b
broussonin B: structure in first source		210
chrysotoxine
chrysotoxine: inhibits 6-hydroxydopamine induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells via mitochondria protection and NF-κB modulation; structure in first source		2.0310
desoxyrhaponticin
[no description available]		2.7530glycoside;
stilbenoid
syringin
syringin: a phenylpropanoid glycoside; see also eleutherosides & lyoniside for eleutheroside A: 474-58-8. syringin : A monosaccharide derivative that is trans-sinapyl alcohol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0210beta-D-glucoside;
dimethoxybenzene;
monosaccharide derivative;
primary alcohol		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
3,5-dimethoxy-trans-stilbene
3,5-dimethoxystilbene: structure in first source		3.1850stilbenoid
glycitein
glycitein : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 4'. It has been isolated from the mycelia of the fungus Cordyceps sinensis.		2.43207-hydroxyisoflavone;
methoxyisoflavone		fungal metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
quadrangularin a
quadrangularin A: structure in first source. quadrangularin A : An indane-derived stilbenoid that is a homodimer obtained by cyclodimerisation of resveratrol.		2.7930indanes;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
(E)-3-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenal
[no description available]		2.4110cinnamaldehydes
andrographolide
[no description available]		9.1140carbobicyclic compound;
gamma-lactone;
labdane diterpenoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
isoelemicin
isoelemicin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		3.2510olefinic compound
Isolicoflavonol
[no description available]		210flavones
isorhamnetin 3-o-glucoside
isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside: from the flowers of Persea gratissima; structure in first source. isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is isorhamnetin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		metabolite
isorhapontigenin
isorhapontigenin: isolated from the seeds of Aiphanes aculeata Willd. (Arecaceae); structure in first source		5.24150stilbenoid
icaritin
icaritin: structure in first source		3.4110
icariin
[no description available]		8.6320flavonols;
glycosyloxyflavone		antioxidant;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen
licochalcone a
licochalcone A: has both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure given in first source; isolated from root of Glycyrrhiza inflata; RN given refers to (E)-isomer		2.2510chalcones
ligustilide
ligustilide: found in Umbelliferae plants; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source		3.5520butenolidemetabolite
loureirin a
loureirin A: a biologically active component of longxuejie, prepared from Dracaena cochinchinensis; structure in first source		2.4620
methyl-p-coumarate
methyl-p-coumarate: structure in first source. 4-coumaric acid methyl ester : A cinnamate ester that is the methyl ester of 4-coumaric acid.		4.22204-coumaric acid methyl ester
3-deoxysappanchalcone
3-deoxysappanchalcone: Anti-allergic from the roots and heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan; structure in first source. 2'-O-methylisoliquiritigenin : A member of the class of chalcones that is isoliquiritigenin in which one of the hydroxy groups at position 2' is replaced by a methoxy group.		2.4420chalcones;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		metabolite
muromonab-cd3
cudraflavone B: antiproliferative from Cudrania tricuspidata. cudraflavone B : An extended flavonoid that consists of a pyranochromane skeleton that is 2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2, a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at position 8, a hydroxy group at position 5 and a prenyl group at position 7. Isolated from Morus alba and Morus species it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.		3.3110extended flavonoid;
pyranochromane;
trihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
octadecyl caffeate
caffeic acid n-octadecyl ester: isolated from Daphne acutiloba Rehd; structure in first source		2.1510
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one: isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellariae radix. oroxylin A : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-6.		2.610dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
osthenol
osthenol: structure in first source. osthenol : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 8 has been replaced by a prenyl group.		2.0210hydroxycoumarinantifungal agent;
plant metabolite
angiotensin amide
psilostachyin A: has antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, leishmanicidal, and molluscicidal activities; isolated from Ambrosia psilostachya; structure in first source		2.0210
rhapontigenin
rhapontigenin: structure in first source		9.7990stilbenoid
diferuloylputrescine
diferuloylputrescine: structure in first source		2.0510hydroxycinnamic acid
(E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside
2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: Tyrosinase inhibitor from Polygonum multiflorum; structure in first source. (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside : A stilbenoid that is trans-stilbene which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 5, and 4', and in which the hydroxy group at positon 2 has then been converted to the corresponding the beta-D-glucoside.		3.1140beta-D-glucoside;
resorcinols;
stilbenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
5,7,2'-trihydroxyflavone
5,7,2'-trihydroxyflavone: has inhibitory effects on the EBV-EA activation & on mouse skin tumor promotion in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test; from Scutellaria baicalensis; structure given in first source		2.0310flavones
3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene-4'-o-glucoside
trans-resveratrol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: structure in first source		3.360
caryophyllene
caryophyllene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		7.5320
furazolidone
[no description available]		2.1310
fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.		3.5920(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
casein kinase ii
Casein Kinase II: A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.		3.4670
ag 538
AG 538: an IGF-1 receptor kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
tyrphostin ag 555
[no description available]		3.0140
tyrphostin ag-494
AG 494: tyrphostin that blocks Cdk2 activation; structure in first source		2.0310
tyrphostin b44
tyrphostin B44: inhibits protein kinases; an analog of tyrphostin B46; B44(+) is B50, and is the stereoisomer of B44(-)		2.4420
ag-490
[no description available]		3.3260catechols;
enamide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile;
secondary carboxamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
STAT3 inhibitor
ag 112
[no description available]		2.4420
ag 183
AG 183: structure given in first source		2.4420
semaxinib
semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.		2.4420olefinic compound;
oxindoles;
pyrroles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
su 11248
[no description available]		2.4920monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrroles		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
palbociclib
[no description available]		2.1510aminopyridine;
aromatic ketone;
cyclopentanes;
piperidines;
pyridopyrimidine;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
nifuroxazide
nifuroxazide: structure		2.1310benzoic acids
fosbretabulin
[no description available]		3.1450stilbenoid
fosbretabulin
fosbretabulin: a microtubule destabilizing agent isolated from Combretum caffrum; structure in first source		2.0710
ergosterol-5,8-peroxide
ergosterol-5,8-peroxide: also inhibits sulfatase; isolated from fungus Cercospora kikuchii; structure given in first source. ergosterol peroxide : An ergostanoid that is ergosta-6,22-dien-3-ol with a peroxy group between positions 5 and 8 (the 3beta,5alpha,8alpha,22E stereoisomer). Isolated from Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps sinensis, it exhibits antimycobacterial, trypanocidal and antineoplastic activities.		3.31103beta-sterol;
ergostanoid;
organic peroxide;
phytosterols		antimycobacterial drug;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
guttiferone e
guttiferone E: isolated from the fruits of Garcinia pyrifera collected in Malaysia; structure in first source		3.7320
guttiferone a
guttiferone A: antibacterial from Clusiaceae family; structure in first source		2.1310
lead
Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.		3.6980carbon group element atom;
elemental lead;
metal atom		neurotoxin
sulindac sulfide
sulindac sulfide: sulfated analog of indomethacin & inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis in vitro; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source. sulindac sulfide : An aryl sulfide that is a metabolite of sulindac. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which also has anticancer activity.		2.0210aryl sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid
15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		1.9810
6,7-dihydroxyflavone
6,7-dihydroxyflavone: intensifies effect of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source		2.5220
8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine
8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine: adenosine antagonist. 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine : Caffeine substituted at its 8-position by an (E)-3-chlorostyryl group.		2.4420monochlorobenzenes;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
bay 11-7082
(E)-3-tosylacrylonitrile : A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the hydrogen located beta,trans to the cyano group is replaced by a tosyl group. It is an inhibitor of cytokine-induced IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells.		340nitrile;
sulfone		apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
bay 11-7085
BAY11-7085 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [(E)-2-cyanoethenyl]sulfonyl and tert-butyl groups at position 1 and 4, respectively. It is an irreversible inhibitor of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells (IC50 = 10 muM) and prevents the activation of NF-kappaB.		2.4420benzenes;
nitrile;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
bw b70c
BW B70C: arachidonic acid antagonist. BW B70C : A hydroxamic acid that is urea in which both the hydrogens attached to one of the nitrogens are replaced by a hydroxy and a (1E)-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]but-1-en-3-yl group. A selective inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, it can be used for the treatment of asthma.		2.0510aromatic ether;
hydroxamic acid;
organofluorine compound;
ureas		EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine
5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine: structure given in first source. 1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-5,5',6,6'-tetrachloroimidacarbocyanine : The cationic form of a C3 cyanine dye having 1,3-diethyl-5,6-dichloroindoleinine units at each end.		2.0410cyanine dye;
indolium ion		fluorochrome
molsidomine
[no description available]		2.4720ethyl ester;
morpholines;
oxadiazole;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
diamide
Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.		2.03101,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide)
pd 151746
[no description available]		2.610
rg 13022
RG 13022: structure given in first source		2.1310
2,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene
2,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene: potent inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 1B1; an antihypertensive agent; structure in first source		4.6140
15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid
15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)		2.9940
antimony
Antimony: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes.		2.0310metalloid atom;
pnictogen
cesium
Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.		3.3510alkali metal atom
octylmethoxycinnamate
[no description available]		2.110cinnamate ester
barium
Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.		210alkaline earth metal atom;
elemental barium
flavokawain a
flavokawain A: from kava extract, induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells; structure in first source		7.5720chalcones
7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin
7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin: possess strong antioxidant and radical scavenging activities; structure in first source		2.0210hydroxycoumarin
flavokawain b
flavokawain B: from Piper methysticum Forst (Kava Kava) roots; structure in first source. flavokawain B : A member of the class of chalcones that consists of trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 2' and methoxy groups at positions 4' and 6'. Isolated from Piper methysticum and Piper rusbyi, it exhibits antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities.		2.0710chalcones;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antileishmanial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
styrylquinoline
styrylquinoline: structure in first source		2.13102-styrylquinoline
Isoliquiritigenin 4,4'-dimethyl ether
[no description available]		2.0810chalcones
lichexanthone
lichexanthone: a dihydropyranexanthone derived from the natural xanthone; structure in first source. lichexanthone : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1, a methyl group at position 8 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 6. It has been isolated from the bark of Cupania cinerea.		3.3110aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		plant metabolite
nomifensine maleate
[no description available]		2.4420
aluminum
Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.		7.5420boron group element atom;
elemental aluminium;
metal atom
bismuth
Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209.		4.911metal atom;
pnictogen
levallorphan
Levallorphan: An opioid antagonist with properties similar to those of NALOXONE; in addition it also possesses some agonist properties. It should be used cautiously; levallorphan reverses severe opioid-induced respiratory depression but may exacerbate respiratory depression such as that induced by alcohol or other non-opioid central depressants. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p683)		2.2510morphinane alkaloid
arsenic
Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)		5.84201metalloid atom;
pnictogen		micronutrient
indium
Indium: A metallic element, atomic number 49, atomic weight 114.818, symbol In. It is named from its blue line in the spectrum.. indium atom : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant indigo (Latin indicum) blue line in its flame spectrum.		2.0810boron group element atom
dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.		2.45206-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthreneantitussive;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
oneirogen;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
dextrorphan
Dextrorphan: Dextro form of levorphanol. It acts as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, among other effects, and has been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. It is also a metabolite of DEXTROMETHORPHAN.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid
nalbuphine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420hydrochloride
lisinopril
Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		2.5220dipeptideEC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
ramipril
Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.		7.2110azabicycloalkane;
cyclopentapyrrole;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester		bradykinin receptor B2 agonist;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
prodrug
verteporfin
(2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.		2.610
batimastat
batimastat: structure given in first source; a synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. batimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3R)-5-methyl-3-{[(2S)-1-(methylamino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-[(thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl)methyl]hexanoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. It a broad-spectrum matrix metalloprotease inhibitor.		2.610hydroxamic acid;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
organic sulfide;
secondary carboxamide;
thiophenes;
triamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
indinavir sulfate
Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.		4.0840dicarboxylic acid diamide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
piperazinecarboxamide		HIV protease inhibitor
sulfur
Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.		3.1140chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
glyceryl behenate
1-behenoylglycerol : A fatty acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group at position-1 of glycerol with the carboxy group of docosanoic acid.		7.58201-monoglyceride;
fatty acid ester		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
ethyl oleate
[no description available]		2.0810long-chain fatty acid ethyl esteracaricide;
plant metabolite
2-cyano-n-((ethylamino)carbonyl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamide
2-cyano-N-((ethylamino)carbonyl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source		2.610
kavain
[no description available]		2.520racemateglycine receptor antagonist
monocrotophos
Monocrotophos: An organophosphate insecticide that inhibits monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase. It has been shown to be genotoxic.. monocrotophos : An alkenyl phosphate that is the 4-(methylamino)-4-oxobut-2-en-2-yl ester of dimethyl phosphate.		2.6120alkenyl phosphate;
dialkyl phosphate;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organophosphate insecticide		acaricide;
agrochemical;
avicide;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
isoalloxazine
isoalloxazine: structure		2.0310benzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione
plastoquinone
[no description available]		3.1510plastoquinone
abscisic acid, (+,-)-isomer
2-cis-abscisic acid : A member of the class of abscisic acids in which the double bond betweeen positions 2 and 3 has cis- (natural) geometry.		2.0710abscisic acidsabscisic acid receptor agonist
1-hydroxyxanthone
1-hydroxyxanthone: structure in first source		2.1710
diphenylhexatriene
Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.		2.1310alkatrienefluorochrome
2',4'-dihydroxychalcone
2',4'-dihydroxychalcone: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 6/89; structure given in first source		2.1510
veratrine
Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator.		2.0710alkaloid
urolithin b
urolithin B: has antiproliferative activity; structure in first source		2.1710coumarins
puerarin
[no description available]		7.2510C-glycosyl compound;
isoflavonoid
4,3',5'-tri-o-methylpiceatannol
[no description available]		3.1450
ajoene
ajoene: major antiplatelet compound in methanol extract of garlic; also inhibits trypanothione reductase.		2.0210sulfoxide
3,3',4,5'-tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene
(E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene: from the leaves of Eugenia rigida; structure in first source		3.4570
3,4',5-trimethoxystilbene
3,4',5-trimethoxystilbene: structure in first source		6.36480
dmu-212
[no description available]		2.4520
miyabenol c
miyabenol C: isolated from Vitis thunbergii; structure in first source		2.5720benzofurans
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethene
[no description available]		2.7630
bedaquiline
bedaquiline: a diarylquinoline Antitubercular Agent. bedaquiline : A quinoline-based antimycobacterial drug used (as its fumarate salt) for the treatment of pulmonary multi-drug resistant tuberculosis by inhibition of ATP synthase, an enzyme essential for the replication of the mycobacteria.		3.3110aromatic ether;
naphthalenes;
organobromine compound;
quinolines;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antitubercular agent;
ATP synthase inhibitor
enalapril maleate
enalapril maleate : The maleic acid salt of enalapril. It contains one molecule of maleic acid for each molecule of enalapril. Following oral administration, the ethyl ester group of enalapril is hydrolysed to afford the corresponding carboxylic acid, enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalapril is thus a prodrug for enalaprilat (which, unlike enalapril, is not absorbed by mouth), and its maleate is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients.		2.1310maleate saltantihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
enalapril
Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).		2.5120dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
prodrug
trimebutine maleate salt
[no description available]		2.1310trihydroxybenzoic acid
vinblastine sulfate
[no description available]		2.9840
vincristine sulfate
[no description available]		2.1310
3-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1-benzopyran-4-one
[no description available]		2.1310isoflavones
(2R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridinyl)-3-methyl-1-oxobutyl]amino]-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1-pyrimidinyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-oxolanyl]acetic acid
[no description available]		2.1310peptide
catharanthine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid ester;
bridged compound;
methyl ester;
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound
cytochalasin e
cytochalasin E: structure		2.0710cytochalasan alkaloidmetabolite
cytochalasin d
[no description available]		2.0710
scirpusin a
scirpusin A: from the rhizome of Scirpus fluviatilis and Xinjiang wine grape; structure in first soource		2.5120
scirpusin b
scirpusin B: structure in first source		2.1510
n-methylscopolamine bromide
scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.		2.4720
sinomenine
sinomenine: isolated from root of Sinomenium acutum; antirheumatic, antineuralgic		3.6120morphinane alkaloid
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).		3.18501,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine;
phosphatidylcholine 28:0;
tetradecanoate ester		antigen;
mouse metabolite
ecdysterone
Ecdysterone: A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysterone is the 20-hydroxylated ECDYSONE.. 20-hydroxyecdysone : An ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20.		2.432014alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
22-hydroxy steroid;
25-hydroxy steroid;
2beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-sterol;
ecdysteroid;
phytoecdysteroid		animal metabolite;
plant metabolite
deoxyribose
[no description available]		2.4420deoxypentosehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
fumarates
Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-)		3.2310butenedioate;
C4-dicarboxylate		human metabolite;
metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
beryllium
Beryllium: An element with the atomic symbol Be, atomic number 4, and atomic weight 9.01218. Short exposure to this element can lead to a type of poisoning known as BERYLLIOSIS.. beryllium atom : Alkaline earth metal atom with atomic number 4.		4.911alkaline earth metal atom;
elemental beryllium;
metal allergen		adjuvant;
carcinogenic agent;
epitope
bleomycin
[no description available]		2.0710bleomycinantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.		8.76100cysteiniumfundamental metabolite
thyronines
Thyronines: A group of metabolites derived from THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE via the peripheral enzymatic removal of iodines from the thyroxine nucleus. Thyronine is the thyroxine nucleus devoid of its four iodine atoms.. thyronine : A tyrosine derivative where the phenolic hydrogen of tyrosine is substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl.		2.0710thyronine
silicon
Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].		2.110carbon group element atom;
metalloid atom;
nonmetal atom
phosphorus
Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.		5.6951monoatomic phosphorus;
nonmetal atom;
pnictogen		macronutrient
boron
Boron: A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY.		7.1510boron group element atom;
metalloid atom;
nonmetal atom		micronutrient
dextromethorphan hydrobromide
dextromethorphan hydrobromide : The hydrobromide and monohydrate of the antitussive drug dextromethorphan.		2.4420hydrate;
hydrobromide
enalaprilat anhydrous
Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.		2.4110dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid: chromogen in glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for determining serum glucose; used in free radical scavenging assays; structure in first source		3.88110
gamma-mangostin
gamma-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antitumour activity.		2.0210phenols;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor
naloxone hydrochloride
naloxone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of naloxone and hydrogen chloride. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		2.0310hydrochlorideantidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
irigenin
irigenin: a phytoestrogen derived from Belamcanda chinensis with an antiproliferative effect on prostate cancer cells in vitro. irigenin : A hydroxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 3' and methoxy groups at positions 6, 4' and 5' respectively.		2.02104'-methoxyisoflavones;
hydroxyisoflavone		plant metabolite
4,4'-dihydroxychalcone
4,4'-dihydroxychalcone: structure		2.1510
bakuchiol
bakuchiol: chief component of Psoralea corylifolia Linn; structure		2.7730
s-trans,trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid
farnesylthiosalicylic acid: structure in first source		2.4420sesquiterpenoid
demethoxycurcumin
demethoxycurcumin: corresponds to curcumin with one methoxy group replaced by hydrogen; isolated from rhizomes of Curcuma longa. demethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which one of the methoxy groups is replaced by hydrogen. It is found in Curcuma zedoaria and Etlingera elatior.		8.5820beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine
N-linolenoyl-L-glutamine: an elicitor of plant volatiles, by membrane-associated enzyme(s) in Manduca sexta		7.0710
zerumbone
zerumbone: RN given for (E,E,E)-isomer; structure in first source. zerumbone : A sesquiterpenoid and cyclic ketone that is (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene which is substituted by an oxo group at the carbon atom attached to two double bonds. It is obtained by steam distillation from a type of edible ginger, Zingiber zerumbet Smith, grown particularly in southeast Asia.		10.1250cyclic ketone;
sesquiterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor;
plant metabolite
bergamottin
bergamottin: constituent of bergamot oil; structure given in first source		9.6540furanocoumarinmetabolite
artepillin c
artepillin C: RN refers to (E)-isomer		3.2510
sulindac sulfone
sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.		2.4420monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfone		apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
pinostilbene
pinostilbene: structure in first source. 3-methoxy-4',5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene : A stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol in which one of the meta-hydroxy groups is converted to the corresponding methyl ether.		5.56200stilbenol
solanesol
solanesol : A nonaprenol that is hexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-nonaen-1-ol substituted by 9 methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31 and 35 (the all-trans0stereoisomer).		2.5720nonaprenol;
primary alcohol		plant metabolite
pepstatin
pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin		2.6920pentapeptide;
secondary carboxamide		bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor
l 685458
L 685458: a gamma-secretase inhibitor; structure in first source. L-685,458 : A peptide and carboxamide that is L-leucyl-L-phenylalaninamide, L-Leu-L-Phe-NH2, which has been acylated on the N-terminus by a Phe-Phe hydroxyethylene dipeptide isotere, 2R-benzyl-5S-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-4R-hydroxy-6-phenylhexanoic acid. Compounds based on the structure of L-685,458 are potent inhibitors of gamma-secretase, which mediates the final catalytic step that generates the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta), which assembles into the neurotoxic aggregates in the brains of sufferers of Alzheimer's disease.		2.610carbamate ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
peptide;
secondary alcohol		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone
1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone: from roots of Cudrania cochinchinensis		3.3110
ceftazidime
[no description available]		2.0610cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
artonin e
artonin E: structure given in first source; isolated from the bark of Artocarpus communis Forst.		2.1110
Norartocarpetin
[no description available]		3.5620flavones
l 754394
L 754394: a potent and specific inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease; structure given in first source		3.1210
monodehydroascorbate
semidehydroascorbic acid: structure		2.110organic radicalmouse metabolite
24-ethyl-4-cholesten-3-one
stigmast-4-en-3-one: from the bark of Anacardium occidentale (cashew); structure in first source		3.3110C29-steroid;
steroid		metabolite
naltrexone hydrochloride
naltrexone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of oxycodone with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid. it is a mu-opioid receptor antagonist that is used to treat alcohol dependence.		2.7530hydrochlorideantidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
sinigrin
sinigrin: glucosinate in mustard seeds etc.; RN given refers to parent cpd. sinigrin : An alkenylglucosinolic acid that consists of 1-thio-beta-D-glucopyranose having a 4-[(sulfooxy)imino]but-1-en-4-yl group attached to the anomeric sulfur.		3.2510alkenylglucosinolic acid
myricetin 3-o-glucuronide
myricetin 3-O-glucuronide: from Epilobium angustifolium. myricetin 3-O-glucuronide : A myricetin O-glucuronide that is myricetin with a beta-D-glucosiduronic acid residue attached at the 3-position.		2.0210monosaccharide derivative;
myricetin O-glucuronide;
pentahydroxyflavone		metabolite
3,8-dihydroxy-6h-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one
3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one: metabolite of ellagic acid		2.4920coumarinsgeroprotector
avicularin
avicularin: from Polygonum aviculare L.; RN given refers to L-isomer. avicularin : A quercetin O-glycoside in which an alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residue is attached at position 3 of quercetin via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated particularly from Juglans regia and Foeniculum vulgare.		2.0610alpha-L-arabinofuranoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
bms 806
BMS 806: prevents entry of HIV into cells by binding HIV envelope protein gp120; no further info available 4/2002		2.610
1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone
1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone: from stems of Kielmeyera coriacea; structure in first source		2.1310
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
[no description available]		2.610
(1S,15S,17R,18R,19S,20S)-6,18-dimethoxy-17-[oxo-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1,3,11,12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21-dodecahydroyohimban-19-carboxylic acid methyl ester
[no description available]		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
guanabenz acetate
[no description available]		2.7530dichlorobenzenegeroprotector
nylidrin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530alkylbenzene
triprolidine hydrochloride anhydrous
triprolidine hydrochloride (anh.) : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of triprolidine and hydrogen chloride. Its monohydrate is used for the symptomatic relief of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.		2.7530hydrochlorideH1-receptor antagonist
phentolamine
[no description available]		2.1310
famotidine
[no description available]		2.03101,3-thiazoles;
guanidines;
sulfonamide		anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
fenoterol
fenoterol hydrobromide : The hydrobromide salt of fenoterol. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.		2.0310hydrobromidebeta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
sympathomimetic agent
fendiline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
tiapridex
Tiapride Hydrochloride: A benzamide derivative that is used as a dopamine antagonist.		2.4720benzamides
quipazine maleate
[no description available]		2.4420
n-(2-aminoethyl)-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride
Ro 16-6491: structure given in first source		2.0310
nab-365
clenbuterol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of clenbuterol.		2.1310hydrochloridebeta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
sympathomimetic agent
tulobuterol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7830organic molecular entity
hp 029
[no description available]		2.4420
abscisic acid
Abscisic Acid: Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.. (S)-2-trans-abscisic acid : A 2-trans-abscisic acid with (S)-configuration at the chiral centre.. (+)-abscisic acid : The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold.		2.21102-trans-abscisic acid
n-caproylsphingosine
N-(hexanoyl)sphing-4-enine : An N-acylsphingosine consisting of sphing-4-enine bearing a hexanoyl group on nitrogen.		2.0710N-acylsphingosine
dithiazanine iodide
[no description available]		2.1310benzothiazoles;
organic iodide salt		anthelminthic drug;
fluorochrome
3,3'-dihexyl-2,2'-oxacarbocyanine
3,3'-dihexyl-2,2'-oxacarbocyanine: a fluorescent probe		2.1110
carbocyanines
Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.		2.7530cyanine dye;
organic iodide salt		fluorochrome
salubrinal
salubrinal: prevents dephosphorylation of eIF2alpha; structure in first source. salubrinal : A member of the class of quinolines that is a mixed aminal resulting from the formal condensation oftrichloroacetaldehyde with the amide nitrogen of trans-cinnamamide and the primary amino group of 1-quinolin-8-ylthiourea. It is a selective inhibitor of cellular complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha).		3.0240aminal;
organochlorine compound;
quinolines;
secondary carboxamide;
thioureas
lyoniside
daucosterol : A steroid saponin that is sitosterol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has bee isolated from Panax japonicus var. major and Breynia fruticosa.		3.3110beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
steroid saponin		plant metabolite
cefotaxime
Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.		2.52201,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
syntide-2
syntide-2: amino acid sequence given in first source		210
3,4-dihydroxy-xanthone
3,4-dihydroxy-xanthone: structure given in first source		2.1710
quercetin-3'-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside
quercetin 3'-O-glucoside: structure in first source		2.1310
2,4,2'-trihydroxychalcone
2,4,2'-trihydroxychalcone: structure in first source		2.1510
n,n,n-trimethyl-1-(4-stilbenoxy)-2-propylammonium iodide
[no description available]		2.0310
4-hydroxylonchocarpin
4-hydroxylonchocarpin: structure in first source		210
1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine
1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer; member of a class of cationic lipid formulations called cytofectins		210
6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2h-pyran-2-one
6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2H-pyran-2-one: structure given in first source; potent irreversible, mechanism-based inhibitor of myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A2		2.4420naphthalenes
nf023
[no description available]		2.0310
nf 449
[no description available]		2.4420
ammonium sulfate
Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils.		2.0410ammonium salt;
inorganic sulfate salt		fertilizer
7-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine
[no description available]		2.4420
phenyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxystyryl ketone
phenyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxystyryl ketone: structure given in first source		2.4520
4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid
4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.		210
gr 46611
GR 46611: known to lower body temperature in guinea pigs		2.0310
3,5-dihydroxy-4'-methoxystilbene
4'-methoxyresveratrol: has anti-inflammatory effects in cell culture model		5.51200
monorden
monorden: inhibits HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, DNA topoisomerase VI and human Topoisomerase II		2.7430cyclic ketone;
enone;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antifungal agent;
metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
coomassie brilliant blue
[no description available]		2.1510
ginkgolide b
[no description available]		2.0710
tetrodotoxin
Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels.		2.4920azatetracycloalkane;
oxatetracycloalkane;
quinazoline alkaloid		animal metabolite;
bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite;
neurotoxin;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
selenium
Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.		9.76213chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		micronutrient
tellurium
Tellurium: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has the atomic symbol Te, atomic number 52, and atomic weight 127.60. It has been used as a coloring agent and in the manufacture of electrical equipment. Exposure may cause nausea, vomiting, and CNS depression.		2.8730chalcogen;
metalloid atom
(3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
Fluvastatin: An indole-heptanoic acid derivative that inhibits HMG COA REDUCTASE and is used to treat HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. In contrast to other statins, it does not appear to interact with other drugs that inhibit CYP3A4.. (3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have S configuration.. fluvastatin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia.		2.2510(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
diacetylmonoxime
diacetylmonoxime: used diagnostically for determining urea in blood; structure; myosin ATPase antagonist. diacetylmonoxime : A ketoxime obtained via formal condensation of butane-2,3-dione with hydroxylamine. It is a reversible myosin ATPase inhibitor.		2.0310
(-)-catechin-3-O-gallate
(-)-catechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-catechin.		2.830flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		metabolite
sinequan
[no description available]		2.1310dibenzooxazepine
homatropine hydrobromide, (endo-(+-)-isomer)
[no description available]		2.7430
hydrocotarnine hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0710
salsolinol hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0710
buflomedil hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310aromatic ketone
vancomycin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
moxisylyte hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4720monoterpenoid
dizocilpine maleate
Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid.		2.7730maleate salt;
tetracyclic antidepressant		anaesthetic;
anticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist
antimycin a
Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.		2.7830amidobenzoic acid
pyrachlostrobin
pyraclostrobin : A carbamate ester that is the methyl ester of [2-({[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]methoxycarbamic acid. A fungicide used to control major plant pathogens including Septoria tritici, Puccinia spp. and Pyrenophora teres.		2.610aromatic ether;
carbamate ester;
carbanilate fungicide;
methoxycarbanilate strobilurin antifungal agent;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
environmental contaminant;
mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor;
xenobiotic
lasalocid sodium
lasalocid sodium : The sodium salt of lasalocid. It is a veterinary ionophore antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry.		2.0710benzoates;
organic sodium salt		coccidiostat;
ionophore
beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate
beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate: RN given refers to unspecified fumarate		2.0310
mg 624
triethyl-(beta-4-stilbenoxyethyl)ammonium: inhibits alpha7 nicotinic receptors; structure in first source		2.0510
flupirtine
[no description available]		2.4420
zimelidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
sclerotiorin
sclerotiorin: isolated from monoverticillate Penicillia; RN given for (R-(R*,S*-(E,E)))-isomer; structure in first source		2.0710azaphilone
citreoviridin
citreoviridin: formed from Penicillium toxicarium, Penicillium citeoviride; Penicillium ochrosalmoneum on rice during storage		3.31102-pyranones
bafilomycin a1
bafilomycin A1: from Streptomyces griseus; structure given in first source. bafilomycin A1 : The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus.		2.7830cyclic hemiketal;
macrolide antibiotic;
oxanes		apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
fungicide;
potassium ionophore;
toxin
himbacine
himbacine: muscarine receptor antagonist; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha,3aalpha,4beta(1E,2(2R*,6S*)),4abeta,8aalpha,9aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source. himbacine : A piperidine alkaloid that is decahydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-1(3H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a 2-[(2R,6S)-1,6-dimethylpiperidin-2-yl]ethenyl group at position 4. It has been isolated from the bark of Australian magnolias.		2.0710gamma-lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
piperidine alkaloid		muscarinic antagonist
germacrone
germacrone: isolated from Curcuma wenyujin		2.610germacrane sesquiterpenoid;
olefinic compound		androgen antagonist;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antifeedant;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antitussive;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
hepatoprotective agent;
insecticide;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
ebelactone b
ebelactone B: esterase inhibitor; structure given in first source; see also ebelactone A		2.0710
(2e,4e,6e,10e)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid
(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid: an acyclic retinoid that suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence; structure in first source		2.610
3-o-methylbutein
3-O-methylbutein: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0710chalcones
plastochromanol 8
plastochromanol 8: has antiproliferative activity against 3T3-L1 cells and anti-adipogenic activity; structure; plastochromanol 3 is gamma-tocotrienol		2.9940
thermozymocidin
thermozymocidin: a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor; FTY720 is an analog		2.0710alpha-amino fatty acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sphingoid		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-o-glucopyranoside
2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-glucopyranoside: isolated from dried root tubers of Polygonum multiflorum; structure in first source		4.2650
broussochalcone a
broussochalcone A: RN given for (E)-isomer; inhibits neutrophil respiratory burst; structure in first source		210
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione: steroid from guggulu extract; RN & N1 from C1 Form index; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source; antagonist of farnesoid X receptor		4.49203-hydroxy steroidandrogen
4-coumaroyl-coenzyme a
4-coumaroyl-coenzyme A: structure given in first source. trans-4-coumaroyl-CoA : A 4-coumaroyl-CoA in which the double bond of the coumaroyl group has trans-geochemistry.. 4-coumaroyl-CoA : The S-(4-coumaroyl) derivative of coenzyme A.		2.73304-coumaroyl-CoA
6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin
6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin: structure given in first source		3.1210psoralens
marein
marein: hypoglycemic from Coreopsis tinctoria; structure in first source		2.4520flavonoids;
glycoside
lithospermic acid
[no description available]		2.610
everolimus
[no description available]		2.5920cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
mulberroside a
mulberroside A: structure in first source		9.670glycoside;
stilbenoid
hydroxysafflor yellow a
hydroxysafflor yellow A: from Carthamus tinctorius; structure given in first source. hydroxysafflor yellow A : A C-glycosyl compound that is 3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one which is substituted by beta-D-glucosyl groups at positions 2 and 4, and by a p-hydroxycinnamoyl group at position 6. It is the main bioactive compound of a traditional Chinese medicine obtained from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius).		2.0410
laq824
LAQ824: Histone deacetylase inhibitor		2.610
ekb 569
EKB 569: an EGF receptor kinase inhibitor		2.610aminoquinoline;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		protein kinase inhibitor
13-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acid
13-oxo-9Z,11E-ODE : An oxooctadecadienoic acid that consists of 9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid bearing an additional 13-keto substituent. In addtion it has been found as a natural product found in Carthamus oxyacantha.		3.311013-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acidmetabolite;
mouse metabolite
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione, (17z)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4420
ganglioside, gd2
[no description available]		2.0610
pai 039
tiplaxtinin: inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1		2.3110indole-3-acetic acids
su 4312
SU4312 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group has been replaced by a p-(dimethylamino)phenyl group. SU 4312 is a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor protein tyrosine kinase 1/2 and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor inhibitor. It also inhibits the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and exhibits neuroprotection against NO-mediated neurotoxicity.		2.4420
bavachalcone
bavachalcone: structure in first source		210chalcones
salvianolic acid B
salvianolic acid B: isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. salvianolic acid B : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is an antioxidant and free radical scavenging compound extracted from S. miltiorrhiza		3.69201-benzofurans;
catechols;
dicarboxylic acid;
enoate ester;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
osteogenesis regulator;
plant metabolite
rilpivirine
[no description available]		2.610aminopyrimidine;
nitrile		EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
trilobatin
trilobatin: anti-inflammatory from Lithocarpus polystachyus leaves; structure in first source. trilobatin : An aryl beta-D-glucoside that is phloretin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4' via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated from the leaves of the Chinese sweet tea Lithocarpus polystachyus and exhibits significant anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.		3.2710aryl beta-D-glucoside;
dihydrochalcones;
monosaccharide derivative		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite;
sweetening agent
engeletin
engeletin: dihydroflavonol glycoside from the leaves of Stelechocarpus cauliflorus; structure in first source		2.0810
(1Ar,7aS,10aS,10bS)-1a,5-dimethyl-8-methylidene-2,3,6,7,7a,8,10a,10b-octahydrooxireno[9,10]cyclodeca[1,2-b]furan-9(1aH)-one
[no description available]		2.610germacranolide
dirithromycin
[no description available]		2.1310macrolide antibioticprodrug
4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
[no description available]		2.5120quinic acid
indigo carmine
3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid: from roots of Lychnophora ericoides; structure in first source. 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid : A carboxylic ester that is the diester obtained by the condensation of the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 of (-)-quinic acid with the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid. Isolated from Brazilian propolis and Suaeda glauca, it exhibits hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities.		2.5120
hylin
[no description available]		2.1710
tanespimycin
CP 127374: analog of herbimycin A		2.04101,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
Hsp90 inhibitor
verlukast
verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist		2.4320
gw 1929
GW 1929: activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma; structure in first source		2.4420benzophenones
beta-escin
[no description available]		3.9930
glucoraphanin
glucoraphanin: precursor of sulforaphane. glucoraphanin : A thia-glucosinolic acid that is glucoerucin in which the sulfur atom of the methyl thioether group has been oxidised to the corresponding sulfoxide.		3.2510sulfoxide;
thia-alkylglucosinolic acid
fluphenazine
[no description available]		2.1310
homochlorocyclizine monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
butoxamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
scopolamine hydrobromide
scopolamine hydrobromide (anhydrous) : A hydrobromide that is obtained by reaction of scopolamine with hydrogen bromide.		2.1310
protriptyline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530hydrochlorideantidepressant
emetine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1310
n(4)-chloroacetylcytosine arabinoside
[no description available]		2.0310
n-(3-(cyclohexylidene-(1h-imidazol-4-ylmethyl))phenyl)ethanesulfonamide
[no description available]		2.4420
n-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)phthalimide
N-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)phthalimide: has anticonvulsant activity; structure in first source		2.0310
cb 34
CB 34: ligand for peripheral benzodiazepine receptors; structure in first source		2.0310
b 43
RK-24466 : A member of the class of pyrrolopyrimidines that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted by amino, 4-phenoxyphenyl, and cyclopentyl groups at positions 4, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of Lck that inhibits Lck (64-509) and LckCD isoforms (IC50 of less than 1 and 2 nM, respectively).		2.4420aromatic amine;
aromatic ether;
cyclopentanes;
primary amino compound;
pyrrolopyrimidine		EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
(8R)-7-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-2,13,14-triol
[no description available]		2.0310aporphine alkaloid
(8R)-7-propyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-2,13,14-triol
[no description available]		2.0310aporphine alkaloid
3-(6-chloro-3-pyridazinyl)-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane
3-(6-chloro-3-pyridazinyl)-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane: structure in first source		2.0310
2-(3,3-diphenylpropylamino)acetamide
[no description available]		2.4420diarylmethane
4-(2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio)-2,6-difluorophenoxyacetamide
4-(2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio)-2,6-difluorophenoxyacetamide: structure given in first source		2.0310
gw2974
GW2974: quinazoline derivative, which is able to block the activation of both the EGFR and erbB2		2.0310pyridopyrimidine
l 162313
L 162313: a biphenylimidazole derivative; a non-peptide angiotensin agonist; no further information available 2/95		2.4420
l-165041
4-(3-(2-propyl-3-hydroxy-4-acetyl)phenoxy)propyloxyphenoxy acetic acid: a PPAR-delta agonist has regulatory effects on a variety of adipokines, and these effects might explain some of their metabolic function.		2.0310aromatic ketone
mrs 1754
[no description available]		2.0310oxopurine
s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine
S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine: A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.		3.1350nitroso compound;
nitrosothio compound		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
pd 404182
[no description available]		2.0310
5-(4-phenylbutoxy)psoralen
5-(4-phenylbutoxy)psoralen: structure in first source. psora 4 : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a 4-phenylbutoxy group at position 5. It is a potent inhibitor of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 (EC50 = 3 nM).		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzenes;
psoralens		geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
potassium channel blocker
sb 222200
[no description available]		2.4420quinolines
dantrolene sodium
dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.		2.4420
cr 2945
CR 2945: a member of non-peptide CCKB receptor antagonist		2.4420
nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.		2.0410imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
sb 218795
SB 218795: structure in first source		2.4420quinolines
dihydroceramide
N-acetylsphinganine : A dihydroceramide in which the ceramide acyl group is specified as acetyl.		2.0310N-acylsphinganine
tubacin
tubacin: inhibits histone deacetylase 6; structure in first source		3.51101,3-oxazoles
gw 610
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazole: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.1110
hydroxyachillin
hydroxyachillin: isolated from Tanacetum microphyllum; structure given in first source		2.0710gamma-lactone
epinephrine bitartrate
[no description available]		2.7530
bicuculline methobromide
[no description available]		2.7530
6 beta-hydroxycortisol
6 beta-hydroxycortisol: RN given refers to the (6beta,11beta)-isomer; see also record for 6 alpha-hydrocortisol. 6beta-hydroxycortisol : A C21-steroid that is cortisol bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6beta-position. In humans, it is produced as a metabolite of cortisol by cytochrome p450-3A4 (CYP3A4, an important enzyme involved in the metabolism of a variety of exogenous and endogenous compounds) and can be used to detect moderate and potent CYP3A4 inhibition in vivo.		2.131011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
6beta-hydroxy steroid;
C21-steroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mammalian metabolite;
probe
butylscopolammonium bromide
Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.		2.7630
androst-16-en-3-one
androst-16-en-3-one: boar taint steroid; RN given refers to (5alpha)-isomer. 5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one : An androstanoid that is 5alpha-androst-16-ene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It is a steroid pheromone found in high concentrations in the saliva of male pigs,.		2.13103-oxo steroid;
androstanoid		mammalian metabolite;
pheromone
butaclamol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530
dihydroouabain
[no description available]		2.1310cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
LSM-6455
[no description available]		2.1310peptide ergot alkaloid
estradiol 17-acetate
[no description available]		2.1310steroid ester
beta-tocopherol
[no description available]		2.0310tocopherol;
vitamin E		food component;
plant metabolite
morphinans
Morphinans: Compounds based on a partially saturated iminoethanophenanthrene, which can be described as ethylimino-bridged benzo-decahydronaphthalenes. They include some of the OPIOIDS found in PAPAVER that are used as ANALGESICS.		3.2710isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent;
morphinane alkaloid
ergoline
Ergolines: A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.. ergoline : An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors.		7.1310diamine;
ergoline alkaloid;
indole alkaloid fundamental parent;
indole alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound
sq-23377
Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes.		3.1250cyclic ether;
enol;
polyunsaturated fatty acid;
very long-chain fatty acid		calcium ionophore;
metabolite
fk 866
N-(4-(1-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)butyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamide: inhibits nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; structure in first source		2.5120benzamides;
N-acylpiperidine
nyasol
nyasol: from roots Asparagus africanus; structure given in first source		2.05101,3-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)pentane-1,4-dieneplant metabolite
fumagillin
[no description available]		2.0710antibiotic antifungal drug;
carboxylic ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
meroterpenoid;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
fungal metabolite;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor
a 38503
[no description available]		2.4420
bisoprolol, fumarate (1:1) salt
[no description available]		2.0510
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0310
sk&f 89976-a
[no description available]		2.0310
cv 1808
2-phenylaminoadenosine: has coronary & cardiohemodynamic effects		2.4420purine nucleoside
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
artesunate
artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether		3.9630artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
ferroptosis inducer
ginsenoside rb2
[no description available]		3.231012beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		antiviral agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
(3S,6S,9S,12R)-3-[(2S)-Butan-2-yl]-6-[(1-methoxyindol-3-yl)methyl]-9-(6-oxooctyl)-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone
[no description available]		3.7620oligopeptide
beta-elemene
beta-elemene: increases tumor cell immunogenicity by inducing, at least in part, elevated expression of heat shock protein 70 on tumor cell surface. beta-elemene : A sesquiterpene that consists of cyclohexane bearing methyl and vinyl substituents at position 1 as well as two isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 4.. (-)-beta-elemene : The (-)-enantiomer of beta-elemene that has (1S,2S,4R)-configuration.		2.4110beta-elemeneantineoplastic agent
jwh-133
1,1-dimethylbutyl-1-deoxy-Delta(9)-THC: a CB2 receptor agonists; no further information available on 8/2001. JWH-133 : A dibenzopyran that is Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol which is lacking the hydroxy group and in which the pentyl group at position 3 has been replaced by a 1,1-dimethylbutyl group. A potent and highly selective CB2 receptor agonist.		2.1710benzochromene;
dibenzopyran;
organic heterotricyclic compound		analgesic;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
CB2 receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
vasodilator agent
vildagliptin
[no description available]		3.7820amino acid amide
anisodamine
[no description available]		2.0710
belinostat
[no description available]		3.7620hydroxamic acid;
olefinic compound;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
corosolic acid
[no description available]		3.1610triterpenoidmetabolite
panobinostat
Panobinostat: An indole and hydroxamic acid derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used as an antineoplastic agent in combination with BORTEZOMIB and DEXAMETHASONE for the treatment of MULTIPLE MYELOMA.. panobinostat : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2E)-3-[4-({[2-(2-methylindol-3-yl)ethyl]amino}methyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor used (as its lactate salt) in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone for the treatment of multiple myeloma.		4.6540cinnamamides;
hydroxamic acid;
methylindole;
secondary amino compound		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
hdac-42
HDAC-42: structure in first source		2.610amidobenzoic acid
isoborneol
isoborneol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.2110borneol
staurosporine
staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine.		2.4620ammonium ion derivative
(3aR,6aR)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[oxo(2-pyrazinyl)methyl]-3a,6a-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-4,6-dione
[no description available]		2.1310pyrrolidines
bml 210
N1-(2-aminophenyl)-N8-phenyloctanediamide: InChIKey: RFLHBLWLFUFFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N		2.1310dicarboxylic acid diamideantineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
bufalin
bufalin: cardiotonic; powerful anesthetic & one of the active constituents of the Chinese drug ch'an su(senso); in Japan prepared from skin of Bufo bufo garfarizans; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer. bufalin : A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo.		2.071014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid		animal metabolite;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
cardiotonic drug
hypericum
Hypericum: Genus of perennial plants in the family CLUSIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypericaceae). Herbal and homeopathic preparations are used for depression, neuralgias, and a variety of other conditions. Hypericum contains flavonoids; GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, TANNINS; volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), hypericin and hyperforin.. 6-formamidopenicillanic acid : A penicillanic acid having a (6R)-formamido substituent.		2.0610penicillanic acids
phosphocreatine
Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group.		2.2110phosphagen;
phosphoamino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
alpha-solanine
[no description available]		2.0710glycoalkaloid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
steroid saponin;
trisaccharide derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite
bis(7)-tacrine
[no description available]		3.2510secondary amino compoundapoptosis inhibitor;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
chlorhexidine
Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.		8.1140biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent
fluvoxamine maleate
[no description available]		2.4420(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
mannich bases
Mannich Bases: Ketonic amines prepared from the condensation of a ketone with formaldehyde and ammonia or a primary or secondary amine. A Mannich base can act as the equivalent of an alpha,beta unsaturated ketone in synthesis or can be reduced to form physiologically active amino alcohols.		2.4720
formazans
Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.		2.7130
gs-7340
tenofovir alafenamide: component of Biktarvy. tenofovir alafenamide : An L-alanine derivative that is isopropyl L-alaninate in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by an (S)-({[(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)(phenoxy)phosphoryl group. A prodrug for tenofovir, it is used (as the fumarate salt) in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		2.6106-aminopurines;
ether;
isopropyl ester;
L-alanine derivative;
phosphoramidate ester		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
naloxone benzoylhydrazone
[no description available]		2.4420
3,4,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene
[no description available]		3.360
2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride
2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained by reaction of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Potent and highly selective non-competitive antagonist at the mGlu5 receptor subtype (IC50 = 36 nM) and a positive allosteric modulator at mGlu4 receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo. Reverses mechanical hyperalgesia in the inflamed rat hind paw.		2.4420hydrochlorideanxiolytic drug;
metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
iniparib
[no description available]		2.610carbonyl compound;
organohalogen compound
amiprilose
[no description available]		2.0310
(R)-fluoxetine hydrochloride
(R)-fluoxetine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of (R)-fluoxetine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.4420hydrochlorideantidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
ro 8-4304
[no description available]		2.0510
n-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(n-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide
[no description available]		2.610
pri-2205
[no description available]		2.610
mk 0752
[no description available]		2.610
gw 501516
GW 501516: a selective PPARdelta agonist; structure in first source. GW 501516 : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and at position 4 by a (1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl)sulfanediyl group, and in which the 1,3-thiazolyl group is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by p-trifluoromethylphenyl and methyl groups, respectively.		3.21101,3-thiazoles;
aromatic ether;
aryl sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound		carcinogenic agent;
PPARbeta/delta agonist
phenethylcymserine
phenethylcymserine: structure in first source		3.2510
givinostat
[no description available]		2.610carbamate ester
ginsenoside f1
ginsenoside F1: from ginseng. ginsenoside F1 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		3.652012beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
6alpha-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		apoptosis inhibitor;
plant metabolite
bms345541
4(2'-aminoethyl)amino-1,8-dimethylimidazo(1,2-a)quinoxaline: structure in first source		2.110quinoxaline derivative
jbp 485
JBP 485: has antihepatitis activity		2.2110
pd 144418
[no description available]		2.610
cajanine
cajanine: isolated from Cajanus cajan L.; structure in first source		3.3110stilbenoid
bicyclol
bicyclol: an antihepatitis drug, on the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rats.		2.930
euk-134
EUK-134: antioxidant; structure in first source		3.1310
lenvatinib
lenvatinib : A member of the class of quinolines that is the carboxamide of 4-{3-chloro-4-[(cyclopropylcarbamoyl)amino]phenoxy}-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxylic acid. A multi-kinase inhibitor and orphan drug used (as its mesylate salt) for the treatment of various types of thyroid cancer that do not respond to radioiodine.		4.911aromatic amide;
aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
quinolines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonist;
orphan drug;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
pd 0325901
mirdametinib: has antineoplastic activity; appears to be a MEK inhibitor. PD 0325901 : A hydroxamic acid ester that is benzhydroxamic acid (N-hydroxybenzamide) in which the hydroxamic acid group has been converted to the corresponding 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester and in which the benzene ring has been substituted at position 2 by a (2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)amino group and at positions 3 and 4 by fluorines (the R enantiomer).		2.1510difluorobenzene;
hydroxamic acid ester;
monofluorobenzenes;
organoiodine compound;
propane-1,2-diols;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.12.2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) inhibitor
midostaurin
midostaurin : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is the N-benzoyl derivative of staurosporine.		2.610benzamides;
gamma-lactam;
indolocarbazole;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
l 755507
L 755507: a benzenesulfonamide derivative; structure in first source		2.1510
sincalide
Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.		2.9940oligopeptide
etomoxir
[no description available]		2.2510aromatic ether
n(6)-cyclohexyladenosine
N(6)-cyclohexyladenosine: structure given in first source; receptors, purinergic P1 agonist		2.0310
ly 450139
[no description available]		2.610peptide
ap 2238
[no description available]		2.1510
apigenin-7-o-rutinoside
[no description available]		2.0710
gambogic acid
gambogic acid: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,1(Z),3abeta,5alpha,11beta,14aS*))-isomer		2.4720pyranoxanthonesmetabolite
gnetin h
gnetin H: has anti-allergic activity; isolated from Paeonia anomala; structure in first source		7.6120
cabazitaxel
cabazitaxel: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. cabazitaxel : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is 10-deacetylbaccatin III having O-methyl groups attached at positions 7 and 10 as well as an O-(2R,3S)-3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoyl group attached at position 13. Acts as a microtubule inhibitor, binds tubulin and promotes microtubule assembly and simultaneously inhibits disassembly.		2.1710tetracyclic diterpenoidantineoplastic agent;
microtubule-stabilising agent
desmethylselegiline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
3-morpholino-sydnonimine monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530
morachalcone a
morachalcone A: tyrosinase inhibitor from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus; structure in first source		3.5520chalcones
ripasudil
[no description available]		2.2510isoquinolines
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		5.51620aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
sc 236
4-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide: SC58236 = SC236 re email from Harris, Ray 		2.0110
t 1032
T 1032: a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.4420
rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery.		2.5520aromatic amide;
lactam;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound;
oxazolidinone;
thiophenes		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxofuran-3-carboxylic acid
4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxofuran-3-carboxylic acid: an anorectic fatty acid synthase inhibitor; structure in first source. (2R,3S)-C75 : A 4-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid that has 2R,3S-configuration.		2.06104-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid;
gamma-lactone
sb 3ct compound
SB 3CT compound: a matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
ns 1652
NS 1652: an anion conductance inhibitor; structure in first source		2.1510
qx-314 bromide
[no description available]		2.0310
(S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride
(S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of (S)-fluoxetine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.4420hydrochlorideantidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
dapagliflozin
[no description available]		7.3110aromatic ether;
C-glycosyl compound;
monochlorobenzenes		hypoglycemic agent;
sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor
sr 59230a
3-(2-ethylphenoxy)-1-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-1-ylamino)-2-propanol oxalate: structure given in first source		2.4420
u 74389g
[no description available]		2.4420
ginsenoside rb1
[no description available]		3.7820ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
anti-obesity agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
sucrose monolaurate
sucrose monolaurate: RN given refers to monolaurate		2.110
gentamicin sulfate
[no description available]		2.1110
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
y 27632, dihydrochloride, (4(r)-trans)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
bn 52020
[no description available]		2.0710
ginsenoside rg3
ginsenoside Rg3: from Red ginseng; inhibits lung metastasis of tumor cells; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.6920ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
sb 203186
[no description available]		2.0510
tofacitinib
tofacitinib : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted at position 4 by an N-methyl,N-(1-cyanoacetyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino moiety. Used as its citrate salt to treat moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.		7.610N-acylpiperidine;
nitrile;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound		antirheumatic drug;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
bibr 1532
[no description available]		2.3110
hirsutanonol
hirsutanonol: a diarylheptanoid from the bark of Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica; inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression; structure in first source		2.0210
pifithrin-alpha
[no description available]		3.2510
tocotrienols
tocotrienol : A tocol in which the hydrocarbon chain at position 2 contains three double bonds.		4.3730diterpenoid
rucaparib
AG14447: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610azepinoindole;
caprolactams;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
noscapine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
6h-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepine-6-acetamide, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-n-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-, (6s)-
[no description available]		2.610organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound
zeolites
[no description available]		2.920
3-iodothyronamine
3-iodothyronamine: a thyroid hormone derivative that may be involved in a fast response signaling pathway; structure in first source		2.0710aromatic ether
a 77636
(1R,3S)-3-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroisochromene-5,6-diol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained by mixing equimolar amounts of (1R,3S)-3-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroisochromene-5,6-diol with hydrochloric acid. Potent and selective dopamine D1-like receptor agonist (pEC50 values are 8.97 and < 5 for D1-like and D2-like receptors respectively). Displays anti-Parkinsonian activity following oral administration in vivo.		2.4420hydrochlorideantiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
dimethoxycurcumin
dimethoxycurcumin: has antineoplsatic activity; structure in first source		2.0510
cetilistat
cetilistat: lipase inhibitor in randomized, placebo-controlled study of weight reduction in obese patients (3/2007)		2.610benzoxazine
chir 99021
Chir 99021: structure in first source. CHIR 99021 : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is 2-aminopyrimidine substituted at positions N2, 5 and 6 by (5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)ethyl, 4-methylimidazol-2-yl and 2,4-dichlorophenyl groups respectively.		2.1310aminopyridine;
aminopyrimidine;
cyanopyridine;
diamine;
dichlorobenzene;
imidazoles;
secondary amino compound		EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor
ym 201636
6-amino-N-(3-(4-(4-morpholinyl)pyrido(3',2'-4,5)furo(3,2-d)pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide: an antiviral agent; structure in first source		2.610aromatic amide
cgp 20712a
CGP 20712A: structure given in first source; CGP 26505, a beta1-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, is the (S)-isomer of CGP 20712A		2.4420
vaticanol b
Vaticanol B: structure in first source		2.4920
3'-hydroxypterostilbene
3'-hydroxypterostilbene: an apoptosis-inducing agent; structure in first source		9.1340
methionine sulfoxide
methionine sulfoxide: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. L-methionine (R)-S-oxide : The (R)-oxido diastereomer of L-methionine S-oxide.		7.0810amino acid zwitterion;
L-methionine S-oxide		Escherichia coli metabolite
abyssinone ii
abyssinone II: chemopreventive agent from Broussonetia papypera; structure in first source		7.0710
delta-viniferin
delta-viniferin: resveratrol dehydrodimer, an isomer of epsilon-viniferin; isolated from grapevine leaves; structure in first source. (2S,3S)-trans-delta-viniferin : A stilbenoid that is the (2S,3S)-trans-stereoisomer of delta-viniferin, obtained by cyclodimerisation of trans-resveratrol.		4.381801-benzofurans;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid
linagliptin
Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes.		3.7820aminopiperidine;
quinazolines		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
oblongifolin c
oblongifolin C: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Garcinia yunnanensis; structure in first source		2.1310
2,4,2',4'-Tetrahydroxychalcone
[no description available]		4.3830chalcones
azd 6244
AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor		2.610benzimidazoles;
bromobenzenes;
hydroxamic acid ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
levodopa methyl ester hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
furanone c-30
furanone C-30: structure in first source		3.3110
odanacatib
odanacatib: a selective inhibitor of cathepsin K for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis; structure in first source		2.610
heptakis(2,6-o-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin
heptakis(2,6-O-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin: stimulant for Bordetella pertussis Phase I		2.4420
apilimod
[no description available]		2.610
dimethylarginine
dimethylarginine: structure in first source. dimethylarginine : An arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups. A "closed" class.		2.7630
apixaban
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
lactam;
piperidones;
pyrazolopyridine		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-naphthol
6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-naphthol: has inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis; structure in first source		2.0310
benalfocin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
artenimol
artenimol: derivative of antimalarial drug artemisinin (quinghaosu)		2.2510
carmine
carminic acid : A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 1,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by a methyl group at position 8, a carboxy group at position 7 and a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 2 via a C-glycosidic linkage. It is a natural dye isolated from several insects such as Dactylopius coccus.		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
tetrahydroxyanthraquinone		animal metabolite;
histological dye
n,n-dimethyl-2-(2-amino-4-fluorophenylthio)benzylamine
N,N-dimethyl-2-(2-amino-4-fluorophenylthio)benzylamine: structure in first source		2.1310aryl sulfide
betrixaban
betrixaban: a highly potent, selective, and orally efficacious factor Xa inhibitor; structure in first source. betrixaban : A secondary carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamimidoyl)benzoic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-N-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-methoxybenzamide. A synthetic anticoagulant compound that targets activated factor Xa in the coagulation cascade.		2.610benzamides;
guanidines;
monochloropyridine;
monomethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
edoxaban
edoxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is used (as its tosylate monohydrate) for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.		2.610chloropyridine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound;
thiazolopyridine		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
trans-sodium crocetinate
trans-sodium crocetinate: vitamin A-analog that increases diffusivity of oxygen in aqueous solutions, including plasma		2.1110
saracatinib
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
diether;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
oxanes;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
alpha-synuclein
alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.		4.92100
lu 19005
[no description available]		2.4420
ko 143
[no description available]		2.0410beta-carbolines;
tert-butyl ester
nymphaeol c
nymphaeol C: from the leaves of Macaranga tanarius; structure in first source. nymphaeol C : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4', a geranyl group at position 2' and a prenyl group at position 6. Isolated from Macaranga tanarius and propolis collected in Okinawa, it exhibits radical scavenging activity.		3.25104'-hydroxyflavanones;
tetrahydroxyflavanone		metabolite;
radical scavenger
n-(3-amino-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-2,3-dioxopropyl)-3-(2-((((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexan-2-carboxamide
boceprevir : A synthetic tripeptide consisting of N-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl, a cyclopropyl-fused prolyl and 3-amino-4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanamide residues joined in sequence. Used for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection.		2.610tripeptide;
ureas		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
7-aminoactinomycin d
7-aminoactinomycin D: staining reagent used in flow cytometry		2.0510
2-acetylfuranonaphthoquinone
2-acetylfuranonaphthoquinone: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.2510
di-2-pyridylketone-4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone
[no description available]		2.2110
bavachinin
bavachinin: do not confuse with bavachin		2.0710flavanones
3,3'-dihydroxyisorenieratene
3,3'-dihydroxyisorenieratene: isolated from Streptomyces mediolani; structure in first source		7.110
benoxathian hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
((2-n-butyl-6,7-dichloro-2-cyclopentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-oxo-1h-inden-5-yl)oxy)acetic acid, (+)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4420
6-chlorotacrine
6-chlorotacrine: structure given in first source		2.1510
n-cyclopropyl adenosine-5'-carboxamide
[no description available]		2.0310
denbinobin
denbinobin: antineoplastic from Dendrobium moniliforme (Orchidaceae); structure in first source		210
ly 411575
[no description available]		2.610dibenzoazepine;
difluorobenzene;
lactam;
secondary alcohol		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
galidesivir
[no description available]		2.610
cis-3,4',5-trimethoxy-3'-aminostilbene
cis-3,4',5-trimethoxy-3'-aminostilbene: structure in first source		2.0110
batatasin-iii
[no description available]		2.110stilbenoid
PB28
PB28 : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin that is substituted by 3-(4-cyclohexylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl and methoxy groups at positions 1 and 5, respectively. It is a sigma 2 (sigma2) receptor agonist (Ki = 0.68 nM) and exhibits antineoplastic and anti SARS-CoV-2 activities.		2.610aromatic ether;
piperazines;
tetralins		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
sigma-2 receptor agonist
oxadiazoles
Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.		2.9640
4,5-diaminofluorescein
4,5-diaminofluorescein: structure in first source		2.0110
cefotaxime sodium
[no description available]		2.4720organic sodium salt
isosilybin b
[no description available]		2.0810
ucn 1028 c
calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides		2.0310
ribose
ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose.		3.9721D-ribose;
ribopyranose
molybdenum carbide
molybdenum carbide: catalyst for the hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils		7.4110
8-oxo-2'-deoxyadenosine
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyadenosine: structure in first source		2.2110purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
tafamidis
tafamidis: may be effective in treating transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy. tafamidis : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazole-6-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. Used (as its meglumine salt) for the amelioration of transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis.		2.55201,3-benzoxazoles;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		central nervous system drug
grayanotoxin iii
grayanotoxin III: from leaves of Leucothoe grayana (Ericaceae); RN refers to (3beta,6beta,14R)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0710
isosilybin a
isosilybin A: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.0810
2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-9h-xanthen-9-one
2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-9H-xanthen-9-one: from the root bark of Cudrania tricuspidata; structure in first source. cudratricusxanthone A : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 6 and 8, an isoprenyl group at position 1 and a 2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl group at position 5. It is isolated from the root barks of Cudrania tricuspidata and exhibits cytotoxicity towards human cancer cell lines.		3.3110polyphenol;
xanthones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite
4-(1-phenylethyl)resorcinol
4-(1-phenylethyl)resorcinol: a depigmenting agent for treatment of solar lentigines; structure in first source		3.3510
ym 155
sepantronium bromide : An organic bromide salt consisting of sepantronium cations and bromide anions. It has been found to selectively inhibit survivin (BIRC5) gene promoter activity and to down-regulate survivin in vitro, so leading to induction of apoptosis.		3.2510organic bromide saltantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
survivin suppressant
flubendiamide
flubendiamide: activates ryanodine-sensitive calcium release channels in insects; structure in first source		7.2510organofluorine insecticideryanodine receptor modulator
calpain inhibitor iii
calpain inhibitor III: potential anticataract drug		2.4420
protopanaxadiol, (3beta,12beta)-isomer
(20S)-protopanaxadiol : A diastereomer of protopanaxadiol in which the 20-hydroxy substituent has been introduced at the pro-S position.		2.1710protopanaxadiol
erastin
erastin: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. erastin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4(3H)-one in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 3 are replaced by 1-{4-[(4-chlorophenoxy)acetyl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl and 2-ethoxyphenyl groups, respectively. It is an inhibitor of voltage-dependent anion-selective channels (VDAC2 and VDAC3) and a potent ferroptosis inducer.		7.610aromatic ether;
diether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
quinazolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
ferroptosis inducer;
voltage-dependent anion channel inhibitor
arachidin-1
arachidin-1: structure in first source		3.3460
degrasyn
degrasyn: a JAK2 kinase inhibitor that induces rapid degradation of c-Myc protein in MM-1 multiple myeloma and other tumor cell lines; structure in first source		2.610
epoxomicin
[no description available]		2.610morpholines;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
abt-737
[no description available]		7.6320aromatic amine;
aryl sulfide;
biphenyls;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor
bms 477118
[no description available]		2.610adamantanes;
azabicycloalkane;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
pha 680632
PHA 680632: Aurora kinase inhibitor with potent antitumoral activity; structure in first source		2.610
tmc 353121
[no description available]		2.610
procyanidin b1
procyanidin B1 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin units joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' respectively in a beta-configuration.. Procyanidin B1 can be found in Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon, in the rind, bark or cortex), in Uncaria guianensis (cat's claw, in the root), and in Vitis vinifera (common grape vine, in the leaf) or in peach.		2.1110biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavan;
polyphenol;
proanthocyanidin		anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
metabolite
amd 070
mavorixafor: a derivative of AMD3100; a CXCR4 blocker		2.610aminoquinoline
danoprevir
[no description available]		2.610
nystatin a1
Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.		2.7330nystatins
bms-626529
[no description available]		2.610
bms-663068
fostemsavir: an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
nimbidiol
nimbidiol: structure in first source		3.5110
arachidin-3
arachidin-3: an NSAID and antioxidant isolated from Arachis hypogaea; structure in first source		7.7730
mitoquinone
mitoquinone: has antineoplastic activity		10.170
amenamevir
ASP2151: a herpesvirus helicase-primase inhibitor, in a guinea pig model of genital herpes; structure in first source		2.610
vx 765
belnacasan: a NSAID		2.610dipeptide
pauciflorol f
pauciflorol F: from the stem bark of Vatica pauciflora; structure in first source		2.0210
Dihydrotanshinone I
dihydrotanshinone I: extracted from Radix Salviae		2.5720abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
nutlin-3a
nutlin 3: an MDM2 antagonist; structure in first source		7.0810stilbenoid
alogliptin
alogliptin: structure in first source. alogliptin : A piperidine that is 3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine carrying additional 2-cyanobenzyl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used in the form of its benzoate salt for treatment of type 2 diabetes.		3.7820nitrile;
piperidines;
primary amino compound;
pyrimidines		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
protopanaxatriol
protopanaxtriol: a cardioprotective agent isolated from Panax notoginseng; structure in first source		2.411012beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
6alpha-hydroxy steroid;
sapogenin;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		metabolite
fr 180204
FR 180204: structure in first source		2.610pyrazoles;
ring assembly
GR 127935 hydrochloride
GR 127935 hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of GR 127935 with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Potent and selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist (pKi values are 8.5 for both guinea pig 5-HT1D and rat 5-HT1B receptors). Displays > 100-fold selectivity over 5HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptors and other receptor types. Centrally active following oral administration.		2.4420hydrochlorideserotonergic antagonist
gosogliptin
[no description available]		3.2710amino acid amide
dorsomorphin
dorsomorphin: an AMPK inhibitor. dorsomorphin : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by pyridin-4-yl and p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl groups, respectively. It is a potent, selective, reversible, and ATP-competitive inhibitor of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase, EC 2.7.11.31) and a selective inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.		2.9740aromatic ether;
piperidines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
pyridines		bone morphogenetic protein receptor antagonist;
EC 2.7.11.31 {[hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase} inhibitor
quisinostat
[no description available]		2.610indoles
mrs 1845
[no description available]		2.4420
emamectin benzoate
emamectin benzoate: 4'-deoxy-4'-epi-methylamino derivative of avermectin B1; structure given in first source. emamectin : A mixture of emamectin B1a (major component) and emamectin B1b (minor component).		7.610emamectins
carfilzomib
[no description available]		2.610epoxide;
morpholines;
tetrapeptide		antineoplastic agent;
proteasome inhibitor
hcv 796
HCV 796: inhibits HCV RdRp; structure in first source		2.610
sitagliptin phosphate
Sitagliptin Phosphate: A pyrazine-derived DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR and HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT that increases the levels of the INCRETIN hormones GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.		2.1710
syringaresinol, (1r-(1alpha, 3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer
(-)-syringaresinol : The (7beta,7'beta,8beta,8'beta)-stereoisomer of syringaresinol.		2.1510syringaresinol
resminostat
resminostat: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
veratridine
Veratridine: A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.		2.0310
2,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
oleocanthal: newly pressed extra-virgin olive oil contains oleocanthal, acting as a natural anti-inflammatory compound that has a potency and profile strikingly similar to that of ibuprofen; structure in first source. oleocanthal : A carboxylic ester that is the 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of (3S)-4-formyl-3-(2-oxoethyl)hex-4-enoic acid. Oleocanthal is found in olive oil but it is not clear whether the natural product is a mixture of E/Z isomers or a single isomer as the two isomers readily interconvert in solution; most pharmacological studies will have been performed using a mixture.		3.2710
neotuberostemonine
neotuberostemonine: from Stemona collinsae; structure in first source		2.0210alkaloidmetabolite
zk 756326
2-(2-(4-(3-phenoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol: a CC chemokine receptor CCR8 agonist; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
balapiravir
balapiravir: a prodrug of R1479; structure in first source		2.610
trametinib
[no description available]		2.610acetamides;
aromatic amine;
cyclopropanes;
organofluorine compound;
organoiodine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
ring assembly		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
deoxyarbutin
4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenol: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.610
abexinostat
abexinostat: structure in first source		2.610benzofurans
losartan potassium
Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.		4.4730
3-hydroxyphloretin
3-hydroxyphloretin: compound from Formosan apple that reduces tyrosinase activity in human epidermal melanocytes; structure in first source		3.3510chalcones
silvestrol
silvestrol: isolated from the fruit and twig of Aglaia silvestris. silvestrol : An organic heterotricyclic compound that consists of a 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan framework substituted by hydroxy groups at positions C-1 and C-8b, a methoxycarbonyl group at C-2, a phenyl group at C-3, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-3a, a methoxy group at C-8 and a 1,4-dioxan-2-yloxy group at position C-6 which in turn is substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group at position 6. Isolated from Aglaia silvestris, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.610dioxanes;
ether;
methyl ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
narlaprevir
narlaprevir: an antiviral agent that inhibits hepatitis C virus NS3 protease. narlaprevir : An azabicyclohexane that is (1R,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane substituted by [(3S)-1-(cyclopropylamino)-1,2-dioxoheptan-3-yl]aminoacyl and N-({1-[(tert-butylsulfonyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}carbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl groups at positions 2S and 3, respectively. It is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A serine protease inhibitor (Ki = 6 nM) that is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.		2.610azabicyclohexane;
cyclopropanes;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone;
tertiary carboxamide;
ureas		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor
2-(n-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose
2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose: fluorescent probe for glucose uptake activity in E coli; structure given in first source		2.1510
teneligliptin
[no description available]		3.7820amino acid amide
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
alaproclate hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
ubenimex
[no description available]		2.4420peptide
3-chloroalanine hydrochloride, (l-ala)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
dsp 4 hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
calcimycin
Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.		3.4170benzoxazole
(2-(2',6'-dimethoxy)phenoxyethylamino)methylbenzodioxan hydrochloride
N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine with one equivalent of hydrogen chloride. An alpha1A-adrenergic selective antagonist.		2.4420hydrochloridealpha-adrenergic antagonist
2-cyclooctyl-2-hydroxyethylamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
cirazoline monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
adtn
[no description available]		2.4420
apocodeine hydrochloride, (r)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4420
2-hydroxyapomorphine, (r)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0510
Dihydro-beta-erythroidine hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0310indoles
lilly 78335
[no description available]		2.4420
efaroxan hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
fenoldopam hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.4420
1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride
1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of 1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine with two equivalents of hydrogen chloride. Potent and selective inhibitor of dopamine uptake (KD = 5.5 nM in rat striatal membranes).		2.4420hydrochloridedopamine uptake inhibitor
guvacine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
7-hydroxy-2-n,n-dipropylaminotetralin hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.4420
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide, (r)-isomer,
[no description available]		2.4420organic molecular entity
1-(2-(4-(4-fluoro-benzoyl)-piperidin-1-yl)-ethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-indol-2-one
LY-310762 hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reation of equimolar amount of LY-310762 with hydrogen chloride. A potent and selective antagonist for the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D (5-HT1D) receptor.		2.4420hydrochloridereceptor modulator;
serotonergic antagonist
4-iodoclonidine
[no description available]		2.4420
dextrothyroxine
[no description available]		2.610
4-methylpyrazole monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
tele-methylhistamine
[no description available]		2.0310
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester, monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
octoclothepine maleate
[no description available]		2.4420
2-(n-phenethyl-n-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
du 24565
[no description available]		2.4420
2-methoxyidazoxan hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
N-methyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrobromide
N-methyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrobromide : A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-methyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. Dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (Ki values are 1.18, 7.56, 920 and 399 nM for rat D1, D5, D2 and D3 receptors respectively). May act as an antagonist in vivo, producing anti-Parkinsonian effects and antagonising the behavioral effects of cocaine.		2.0510hydrobromidedopamine agonist;
prodrug
ro 25-6981
[no description available]		2.4420
sk&f 77434
N-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrobromide : A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. Selective dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (IC50 values are 19.7 and 2425 nM for binding to D1-like and D2-like receptors respectively). Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo.		2.4420hydrobromidedopamine agonist;
prodrug
3-[(6aR,9R,10aR)-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-yl]-1,1-diethylurea
[no description available]		2.4420organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
veliparib
[no description available]		2.8220benzimidazolesEC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
sepharose
agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages.		2.1110
indocyanine green
Indocyanine Green: A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.		2.63201,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate;
benzoindole;
cyanine dye
scopolamine hydrobromide
[no description available]		4.560
cinobufagin
cinobufagin: isolated from Chinese medicinal preparation ch'an su; derived from toad venom		2.0710steroid lactone
dactolisib
dactolisib: antineoplastic agent that inhibits both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR. dactolisib : An imidazoquinoline that is 3-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline substituted at position 1 by a 4-(1-cyanoisopropyl)phenyl group and at position 8 by a quinolin-3-yl group. A dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor used in cancer treatment.		2.2510imidazoquinoline;
nitrile;
quinolines;
ring assembly;
ureas		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
mTOR inhibitor
pf 03491390
[no description available]		2.610
monascin
monascin: a pigment isolated from Monascus pilosus fermented rice; has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. monascin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 3a,4,8,9a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-g][2]benzopyran-2,9(3H)-dione that is substituted at positions 3, 6, and 9a by hexanoyl, (1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl and methyl groups, respectively (the 3S,3aR,9aR diastereoisomer). One of the azaphilonoid pigments in extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mould rice), it is a potent inhibitor of carcinogenesis measured against chemical- or UV-initiated, phorbol-promoted mouse skin tumours.		2.5820alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone;
gamma-lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
polyketide		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
fungal metabolite;
PPARgamma agonist
demethylcantharidin
demethylcantharidin: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.4420
phytosterols
Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.		4.0220
alloin
[no description available]		2.610anthracenes;
C-glycosyl compound;
cyclic ketone;
phenols		laxative;
metabolite
atropine sulfate
[no description available]		2.7430
cannogenin thevetoside
cannogenin thevetoside: from Thevetia neriifolia; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search CARDENOLIDES (77-84), CARDANOLIDES (75-76); RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer		2.0710cardenolide glycoside
roburic acid
roburic acid : A tetracyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H40O2 that is isolated from the roots of Gentiana dahurica and Gentiana macrophylla.		3.710monocarboxylic acid;
olefinic compound;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
ginsenoside rc
[no description available]		3.231012beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
1-deoxynojirimycin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0310
ants
Ants: Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)		4.0910
eriodictyol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
[no description available]		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
flavanone glycoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavanone		plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
tetrahydrouridine
Tetrahydrouridine: An inhibitor of nucleotide metabolism.		3.4211
lilopristone
lilopristone: structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist		3.1210
chikusetsu saponin iva
chikusetsu saponin IVa: from the tubers of Hemsleya pengxianensis (Cucurbitaceae)		3.3110triterpenoid saponinmetabolite
odoratin
odoratin: structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.1510
bavachin
bavachin: from Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae), has osteoblastic proliferation stimulating activity; do not confuse with bavachinin		210
curcumol
[no description available]		4.911sesquiterpenoid
peonidin 3-glucoside
peonidin 3-glucoside: the methylated form of cyanidin 3-glucoside		2.610
hypocrellin a
hypocrellin A: isolated from fungus Hypocrella bambusae sacc		2.0710
de-o-methyllasiodiplodin
de-O-methyllasiodiplodin: structure in first source		2.0710
oregonin
oregonin: a diarylheptanoid from the bark of Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica; inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression; structure in first source		2.0210diarylheptanoid
jaw
[no description available]		7.1510indolecarboxamide
win 62577
[no description available]		2.4420
ankaflavin
ankaflavin: from Monascus-fermented red rice; structure in first source		2.5820
aflatoxin m1
Aflatoxin M1: A 4-hydroxylated metabolite of AFLATOXIN B1, one of the MYCOTOXINS from ASPERGILLUS tainted food. It is associated with LIVER damage and cancer resulting from its P450 activation to the epoxide which alkylates DNA. Toxicity depends on the balance of liver enzymes that activate it (CYTOCHROME P-450) and others that detoxify it (GLUTATHIONE S TRANSFERASE) (Pharmac Ther 50.443 1991). Primates & rat are sensitive while mouse and hamster are tolerant (Canc Res 29.236 1969).. aflatoxin M1 : A member of the class of aflatoxins that is aflatoxin B1 in which the hydrogen at position 9a is replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.8721aflatoxin;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
tertiary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mammalian metabolite
cyanidin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside
cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside: a natural compound distributed in several fruits & vegetables, such as strawberry, rhubarb, cherry, red cabbage, red onion, cranberries, etc.		4.7361
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.		11.34571organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mdv 3100
[no description available]		2.610(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
benzamides;
imidazolidinone;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
thiocarbonyl compound		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
trelagliptin
trelagliptin: a dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor		3.2710benzenes;
nitrile
amodiaquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0410
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		5.56650
azamulin
azamulin: a Cyp3A inhibitor; structure in first source		3.1210
bms-650032
asunaprevir: an NS3 protease inhibitor against hepatitis C virus		2.610oligopeptide
subamolide a
subamolide A: cytotoxic constituent of the stems of Cinnamomum subavenium; structure in first source		4.2220
schweinfurthin g
schweinfurthin G: structure in first source. schweinfurthin G : A stilbenoid that is the 3-deoxy derivative of vedelianin. Isolated from Macaranga alnifolia, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.		2.3110cyclic ether;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
resorcinols;
stilbenoid		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
feruloyldopamine
feruloyldopamine: a dopamine metabolite isolated from tomatoes after infection by Pseudomonas syringae; structure in first source		3.3510
rg 7128
2'-fluoro-2'-methyl-3',5'-diisobutyryldeoxycytidine: inhibits HCV polymerase; structure in first source		2.610
agrimoniin
agrimoniin: tannin of Agrimonia pilosa; structure given in first source. agrimoniin : A dimeric hydrolysable tannin in which 2 moles of potentillin monomer are linked via a dehydrogalloyl group; an antitumor tannin of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., which induces interleukin-1.		2.0310tannin
melitten
Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes.		2.0210
cholecystokinin
Cholecystokinin: A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.		2.2510
ceruletide
Ceruletide: A specific decapeptide obtained from the skin of Hila caerulea, an Australian amphibian. Caerulein is similar in action and composition to CHOLECYSTOKININ. It stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion; and certain smooth muscle. It is used in paralytic ileus and as diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.. ceruletide : A decapeptide comprising 5-oxoprolyl, glutamyl, aspartyl, O-sulfotyrosyl, threonyl, glycyl, tryptopyl, methionyl, aspartyl and phenylalaninamide residues in sequence. Found in the skins of certain Australian amphibians, it is an analogue of the gastrointestinal peptide hormone cholecystokinin and stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion. It is used in cases of paralysis of the intestine (paralytic ileus) and as a diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.		3.7290oligopeptidediagnostic agent;
gastrointestinal drug
atrial natriuretic factor
Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.		3.3560polypeptide
tannins
gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).		5.7221tannin
hes1 protein, human
HES1 protein, human: RefSeq NM_005524		2.0410
glycoprotein e2, hepatitis c virus
glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus: RN refers to quasispecies 4E; amino acid sequence known; caution: HCV also stands for hog cholera virus		3.4211
vitisin a
[no description available]		8.6790benzofurans
gastrins
Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters.		2.4120
glucagon
Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.		10.5151peptide hormone
neuropeptide y
Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones.		3.8830
s6c sarafotoxin
sarafotoxins s6: several isotoxins from Atractaspis engaddensis; has strong cardiotoxic activity; all contain 21 amino acid residues; see also endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factor		2.1710
iberiotoxin
[no description available]		3.1650
angiotensinogen
Angiotensinogen: An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver in response to lowered blood pressure and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of the ANGIOTENSINS produced in the body by successive enzyme cleavages. Cleavage of angiotensinogen by RENIN yields the decapeptide ANGIOTENSIN I. Further cleavage of angiotensin I (by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME) yields the potent vasoconstrictor octapeptide ANGIOTENSIN II; and then, via other enzymes, other angiotensins also involved in the hemodynamic-regulating RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM.		7.520
forapin
Forapin: used as ointment for treatment of myositis & arthritis; contains bee venom, salicylate, nicotinate & vanillylnonamide		3.3110peptidyl amide;
polypeptide		animal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
venom
tannins
Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.		7.05131
oligonucleotides
[no description available]		2.0710
glucagon-like peptide 1
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake.		12.972
oritavancin
oritavancin : A semisynthetic glycopeptide used (as its bisphosphate salt) for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused or suspected to be caused by susceptible isolates of designated Gram-positive microorganisms including MRSA.		2.610disaccharide derivative;
glycopeptide;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
incretins
Incretins: Peptides which stimulate INSULIN release from the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS following oral nutrient ingestion, or postprandially.		5.921
c-peptide
C-Peptide: The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin.		2.2510
N-[[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-pyrazolyl]methyl]-2-(2-pyridinyl)ethanamine
[no description available]		2.1310pyrazoles;
ring assembly
ristocetin
Ristocetin: An antibiotic mixture of two components, A and B, obtained from Nocardia lurida (or the same substance produced by any other means). It is no longer used clinically because of its toxicity. It causes platelet agglutination and blood coagulation and is used to assay those functions in vitro.. ristocetin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is produced by species of Amycolatopsis and Nocardia.		2.110glycopeptide;
heterodetic cyclic peptide;
macrocycle;
tetrasaccharide derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite;
platelet-activating factor receptor agonist
cellulose
DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.		3.7590glycoside
quinine sulfate
[no description available]		2.4420hydrate
quercetin
[no description available]		2.4420
endothelin-1
Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)		5.08130
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.		4.231601,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
hs 1793
4-(6-hydroxy-2-naphthyl)-1,3-benzenediol: structure in first source		3.77100
rv 538, (r-(r*,r*))-isomer
[no description available]		2.4420
3,4-dichloro-n-methyl-n-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (1s-cis)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4420
chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain.		2.5220chlorophyll;
methyl ester		cofactor
vendex
Torque: The rotational force about an axis that is equal to the product of a force times the distance from the axis where the force is applied.		2.7220organotin acaricide
thimerosal
Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.		3.1710alkylmercury compoundantifungal drug;
antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
drug allergen
pevonedistat
pevonedistat: a potent and selective inhibitor of NAE (NEDD8-activating enzyme). pevonedistat : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is substituted by a (1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylnitrilo group at position 4 and by a (1S,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-[(sulfamoyloxy)methyl]cyclopentyl group at position 7. It is a potent and selective NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.7 nM, and currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes.		2.610cyclopentanols;
indanes;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
secondary amino compound;
sulfamidate		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
sulfoxaflor
sulfoxaflor: insecticide targeting sap-feeding pests; structure in first source. sulfoxaflor : A mixture of the four diastereoisomers arising from the two tetrahedral stereocentres of [methyl(oxido){1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-lambda(6)-sulfanylidene]cyanamide (the sulfur atom and the carbon attached to position 3 of the pyridine ring). [Both E- and Z-isomers involving the S=N double bond and the cyano group exist, but they interconvert rapidly at r.t.]. A nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist in insects, sulfoxaflor is used as an insecticide, particularly for the control of aphids.. [methyl(oxido){1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-lambda(6)-sulfanylidene]cyanamide : A member of the class of pyridines that is 5-ethyl-2-trifluoromethylpyridine in which the ethyl group is substituted at position 1 by an N-cyano-S-methylsulfonimidoyl group. The insecticide sulfoxalor is a mixture of the four possible stereoisomers arising from the two tetrahedral stereocentres.		2.7220nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoximide
cnf 2024
[no description available]		2.25102-aminopurines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
pyridines		antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor
uk 453,061
UK 453,061: a reverse transcriptase inhibitor/anti-HIV agent; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
5-fluoro-2-indolyldeschlorohalopemide
[no description available]		2.0510benzimidazoles
dihydroceramide
dihydroceramide: lacks the 4-5 trans double bond of the sphingosine moiety of ceramides; structure in first source. N-acylsphinganine : A ceramide consisting of sphinganine in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a fatty acyl group.. dihydroceramide : An N-acylsphingoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of any fatty acid with the amino group of any dihydrosphingoid base.		7.0510
hoe 33342
bisbenzimide ethoxide trihydrochloride: benzimidazole fluorescent dye		2.4620
sodium salicylate
[no description available]		2.110organic molecular entity
sphingosine kinase
[no description available]		4120
valproate sodium
Epilim: oral sodium valproate used as antidepressive agent. sodium valproate : The sodium salt of valproic acid.. valproate : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of valproic acid.		2.0310organic sodium saltgeroprotector
N-(2-aminophenyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.610aromatic amide
ubiquinone
Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.		11.67303
dihydrorobinetin
dihydrorobinetin: structure in first source		2.0710
alpha-amanitin
Alpha-Amanitin: A cyclic octapeptide with a thioether bridge between the cystine and tryptophan. It inhibits RNA POLYMERASE II. Poisoning may require LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.. alpha-amanitin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide consisting of eight amino acid residues and containing a thioether bridge between a cysteine and a tryptophan residue. It is found in a number of poisonous mushrooms, including Amanita phalloides (the death cap), Galerina marginata, and and Conocybe filaris.		2.6120
calpain
Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.		3.4470
lucifer yellow
lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt		210organic lithium saltfluorochrome
sapogenins
Sapogenins: The aglucon moiety of a saponin molecule. It may be triterpenoid or steroid, usually spirostan, in nature.		2.4920
Norartocarpanone
[no description available]		3.5620flavanones
ginsenoside rg2
ginsenoside Rg2: structure in first source; RN given refers to (6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-isomer. ginsenoside Rg2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.171012beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		anticoagulant;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite
ginsenoside rh4
ginsenoside Rh4: isolated from Korean red ginseng Panax ginseng; structure in first source		2.1710triterpenoid saponin
gnetin c
gnetin C: has free radical scavenging activity; isolated from Gnetum gnemon; structure in first source		3.570
quercetin 3'-sulfate
[no description available]		2.0410
chitosan
[no description available]		5.61600
pha 408
PHA 408: an IKK-2 antagonist; structure in first source		3.2510
technetium tc 99m sestamibi
Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi: A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.		2.1710
tegobuvir
tegobuvir: a non-structural protein 5B polymerase inhibitor		2.610
pf-429242
PF-429242: a subtilisin kexin isozyme-1/site-1 protease inhibitor		2.610
mesna
Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.		7.110organosulfonic acid
u 63557a
[no description available]		2.0310
bucladesine
Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.		2.75303',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
ampicillin sodium
[no description available]		2.1310organic sodium salt
penicillin g potassium
benzylpenicillin potassium : Organic potassium salt of benzylpenicillin.		2.1310organic potassium salt
taurocholic acid, monosodium salt
[no description available]		2.4420bile salt
cefmetazole sodium
cefmetazole sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of cefmetazole.		2.0310organic sodium saltantimicrobial agent
piperacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.1310organic sodium salt
monensin
[no description available]		2.0710
cefoxitin sodium
[no description available]		2.1310organic molecular entity
nafcillin sodium
[no description available]		2.1310organic sodium salt
sodium nitrite
Sodium Nitrite: Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, coloring, and preserving, and as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines.. sodium nitrite : An inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning.		2.4820inorganic sodium salt;
nitrite salt		antidote to cyanide poisoning;
antihypertensive agent;
antimicrobial food preservative;
food antioxidant;
poison
penicillin g sodium
[no description available]		2.0610organic sodium salt
cefamandole nafate
cefamandole sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of cefamandole.		2.1310organic sodium saltantibacterial drug
sodium diatrizoate
histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		2.1310organic sodium salt;
organoiodine compound		radioopaque medium
fusidate sodium
[no description available]		2.4420
potassium bromate
potassium bromate: used as bread improver		210bromate salt;
potassium salt		flour treatment agent
estrone sulfate, potassium salt
[no description available]		2.1310
cephapirin sodium
cephapirin sodium : The sodium salt of cephapirin. A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, it is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Being more resistant to beta-lactamases than penicillins, it is effective agains most staphylococci, though not methicillin-resistant staphylococci.		2.0310cephalosporin;
organic sodium salt		antibacterial drug
sodium cephalothin
[no description available]		2.0310organic sodium salt
cefazolin sodium
cefazolin sodium : A cephalosporin organic sodium salt having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups.		2.7530organic sodium salt
sodium iodate
sodium iodate: RN given refers to iodic acid, Na salt		7.110organic molecular entity
sodium glutamate
Sodium Glutamate: One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.. monosodium glutamate : An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of glutamic acid.		7.0810monosodium glutamateflavouring agent
5-hydroxydecanoic acid, monosodium salt
[no description available]		2.0310
ro13-9904
Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.		2.0310
phenytoin sodium
[no description available]		2.0310
naproxen sodium
naproxen sodium : An organic sodium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of naproxen(1-) anions and sodium anions.		2.1310organic sodium saltantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cr 1409
lorglumide sodium : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-lorglumide sodium.		2.0310
cortisol succinate, sodium salt
hydrocortisone hemisuccinate: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; Synonyms Solu-Cortef & sopolcort H refer to Na salt		2.4420organic molecular entity
olaparib
[no description available]		8.1630cyclopropanes;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-acylpiperazine;
phthalazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
(E)-1,7-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hept-4-en-3-one
[no description available]		3.3110diarylheptanoid
srt1460
SRT1460: small molecule activator of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; structure in first source		8.1650
srt1720
[no description available]		7.86410
srt2183
SRT2183: small molecule activator of SIRT1 as therapeutics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; structure in first source		7.9740
isorhamnetin-3-o-neohesperidoside
isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside: flavonoid from pollen typhae(Puhuang)		2.1310
methyl jasmonate
[no description available]		4.45200
cx 4945
[no description available]		2.610
pci 34051
PCI 34051: an HDAC8 inhibitor		2.610indolecarboxamide
s-adenosylmethionine
(R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group.. (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has R-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine : A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine.		3.8630organic cation;
sulfonium compound		coenzyme;
cofactor;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tenovin-6
tenovin-6 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(dimethylamino)pentanoic acid with the aromatic amino group of N-[(4-aminophenyl)carbamothioyl]-4-tert-butylbenzamide.		4.4930monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound;
thioureas		antineoplastic agent;
p53 activator;
Sir2 inhibitor
hopeahainol a
hopeahainol A: an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor from Hopea hainanensis; structure in first source		7.4720
lomibuvir
lomibuvir: an antiviral agent with polymerase NS5 inhibitory activity		2.610thiophenecarboxylic acid
delanzomib
[no description available]		2.610C-terminal boronic acid peptide;
phenylpyridine;
secondary alcohol;
threonine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
proteasome inhibitor
ethyl cellulose
[no description available]		7.610glycoside
pitavastatin(1-)
pitavastatin(1-) : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pitavastatin, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion
oxymatrine
oxymatrine: structure in first source; has anti-apoptosis effects		7.0310
GRL-0617
GRL-0617 : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-amino-2-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine. It is a potent noncovalent inhibitor (IC50 = 600 nM) of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus papain-like protease (SARS-CoV PLpro).		2.610benzamides;
naphthalenes;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		anticoronaviral agent;
protease inhibitor
N-[4-[3-[[[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]amino]-oxomethyl]-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
CAY10603: a HDAC6 inhibitor		2.610carbamate ester
niraparib
niraparib: structure in first source. niraparib : A 2-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamide that has S-configuration. It is a potent inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 3.8 and 2.1 nM, respectively) and approved as a first-line maintenance treatment for women with advanced ovarian cancer after responding to platinum-based chemotherapy.		2.6102-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamideantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
mk 2206
MK 2206: a protein kinase inhibitor and antineoplastic agent		2.5420organic heterotricyclic compoundEC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
navitoclax
[no description available]		2.610aryl sulfide;
monochlorobenzenes;
morpholines;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
organofluorine compound;
piperazines;
secondary amino compound;
sulfone;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor
pc190723
PC190723: Antibacterial; an inhibitor of FtsZ with potent and selective anti-staphylococcal activity including methicillin- and multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source		3.6920
jzl 184
JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source		2.610benzodioxoles
gsk 650394
[no description available]		2.610phenylpyridine
cardiovascular agents
Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.		10.04241
oprozomib
ONX 0912: antineoplastic; an orally active proteasome inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
neurotensin
neurotensin, Tyr(11)-: RN given refers to parent cpd & (D)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 5/91		2.0210peptide hormonehuman metabolite;
mitogen;
neurotransmitter;
vulnerary
az 960
[no description available]		2.610
N-[2-[4-(2-oxo-3H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-piperidinyl]ethyl]-2-naphthalenecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.0510naphthalenecarboxamide
vu0155069
[no description available]		2.0510
srt2104
SRT2104: a sirtuin 1 activator; structure in first source		3.9530
golgicide a
golgicide A: inhibits the cis-golgi ArfGEF GBF1; structure in first source. golgicide A : A diastereoisomeric mixture comprising racemic cis- and racemic trans-goglioside A in a 10:1 ratio. It is a potent and rapidly reversible GBF1 (Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) inhibitor. The (3aS,4R,9bR) isomer is the most active (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 22, 5177-5181).		2.610diastereoisomeric mixturecis-Golgi ArfGEF GBF inhibitor
incb-018424
[no description available]		2.1110nitrile;
pyrazoles;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
cobicistat
[no description available]		2.6101,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
ureas		P450 inhibitor
bms-790052
daclatasvir: an HCV NS5A inhibitor. daclatasvir : A member of the class of biphenyls that is a potent inhibitor of nonstructural protein 5A and is used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of hepatitis C.		2.610biphenyls;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
imidazoles;
valine derivative		antiviral drug;
nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
ixazomib
ixazomib: a proteasome inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; MLN2238 is the biologically active form of MLN9708; structure in first source. ixazomib : A glycine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-(2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)glycine with the amino group of [(1R)-1-amino-3-methylbutyl]boronic acid. The active metabolite of ixazomib citrate, it is used in combination therapy for treatment of multiple myeloma.		2.610benzamides;
boronic acids;
dichlorobenzene;
glycine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
orphan drug;
proteasome inhibitor
taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate
taurolithocholic acid sulfate(2-) : A steroid sulfate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of both sulfo groups of taurolithocholic acid sulfate; major species at pH 7.3.		2.2510steroid sulfate oxoanionhuman metabolite
ucph 101
2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-(naphthalen-1-yl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile: structure in first source		2.610
to-pro-3
TO-PRO-3: a cyanine nucleic acid dye; a membrane-impermeant modification of the dye thiazole orange; excited by a 647-nm laser beam and fluoresces in the far red of the spectrum. To-Pro-3 : An unsymmetrical C3 cyanine dye having benzothiazolium-2-yl and quinolinium-4-yl substituents.		2.0410cyanine dye;
organic iodide salt		fluorochrome
8-iso-prostaglandin a2
8-isoprostaglandin A2: a cyclopentenone isoprostane		2.0510prostanoid
plx4032
[no description available]		2.5520aromatic ketone;
difluorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrrolopyridine;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
B-Raf inhibitor
5-(3-methylsulfonylphenyl)-4-[(1-methyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine
[no description available]		2.610aryl sulfide;
thienopyrimidine
glycolipids
[no description available]		3.5170
baricitinib
[no description available]		2.610azetidines;
nitrile;
pyrazoles;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antirheumatic drug;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
KOM70144
KOM70144 : A benzamide that is GRL-0617 in which one of the hydrogen's of the primary amino group is replaced by an acetyl group. It an inhibitor of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) with an IC50 of 2.6 muM and 5.0 muM, respectively. It also inhibits SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection of Vero E6 cells in vitro (EC50 values are 13.1 and 21 muM, respectively).		2.610acetamides;
benzamides;
naphthalenes;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
protease inhibitor
piperidines
Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.		11.54305
sr1001
SR1001: a selective RORalpha and RORgamma inverse agonist; structure in first source		7.2510sulfonamide
6-[(3-aminophenyl)methyl]-4-methyl-2-methylsulfinyl-5-thieno[3,4]pyrrolo[1,3-d]pyridazinone
ML-265: a small molecule activator of PKM2		2.4110organic heterobicyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound
e-52862
[no description available]		2.610
resolvin d1
resolvin D1: an anti-inflammatory lipid mediator; structure in first source. resolvin D1 : A resolvin that is docosa-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7, 8, and 17 positions (the 7S,8R,17S-stereoisomer).		2.1110hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
resolvin;
triol		anti-inflammatory agent
ly2811376
[no description available]		2.610
bryostatin 1
bryostatin 1: a protein kinase C activator; macrocyclic lactone from marine Bryozoan Bugula neritina; RN given refers to (1S*-(1R*,3R*,5Z,7S*,8E,11R*,12R*(2E,4E),13E,15R*,17S*(S*),21S*,23S*,25R*))-isomer; structure given in first source; activates protein kinase c. bryostatin 1 : A member of the class of bryostatins that is (17E)-2-oxooxacyclohexacos-17-ene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 10, and 20; an acetoxy group at position 8; methyl groups at positions 9, 9, 18, and 19; 2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene groups at positions 14 and 24; an (E,E)-octa-2,4-dienoyloxy group at position 21; and with oxygen bridges linking positions 6 to 10, 12 to 16, and 20 to 24. It is one of the most abundant member of the class of bryostatins.		2.4110
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.		6.9601
kuraridin
kuraridin: isolated from Sophora flavescens; structure in first source		2.0210
dabrafenib
[no description available]		2.66201,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
organofluorine compound;
sulfonamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
B-Raf inhibitor
anagliptin
anagliptin: anagliptin hydrochloride salt is the active compound		3.7820amino acid amide
3-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylsulfonyl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl]sulfonyl]aniline
[no description available]		2.4110benzenes;
sulfonamide
mulberrofuran g
mulberrofuran G: from Mulberry tree; Diels-Alder type adduct; structure given in first source		2.7630
corynoxeine
corynoxeine: active principles of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus; structure given in first source for ((7beta,16E,20alpha)-isomer) and ((16E,20alpha)-isomer); RN given refers to ((7beta,16E,20alpha)-isomer)		2.0410
malibatol a
malibatol A: an oligostilbene from leaves of Hopea malibato; structure in first source		2.4620
hamamelitannin
hamamelitannin: cytotoxic from witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana); structure in first source		7.610gallate ester
gnaphalin
gnaphalin: a lipophilic flavonol from Helichrysum sp.; structure in first source		2.0210
phillyrin
[no description available]		2.0210
gardiquimod
[no description available]		2.610
grazoprevir
grazoprevir: has antiviral activity; component of Zepatier. grazoprevir : An azamacrocyclic compound that is a hepatitis C protease inhibitor used in combination with elbasvir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.		2.610aromatic ether;
azamacrocycle;
carbamate ester;
cyclopropanes;
lactam;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
quinoxaline derivative		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent
abt-450
paritaprevir: inhibits HCV NS3 protease. paritaprevir : An azamacrocycle which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610
letermovir
letermovir: has antiviral activity; structure in first source		2.610
gx 15-070
obatoclax: a pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor potentially useful in treating mantle cell lymphoma		4.120
colistin
Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.		4.911
sofosbuvir
Sofosbuvir: A uridine monophosphate analog inhibitor of HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) polymerase NS5B that is used as an ANTIVIRAL AGENT in the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.. sofosbuvir : A nucleotide conjugate that is used in combination with ledipasvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.		2.6320isopropyl ester;
L-alanyl ester;
nucleotide conjugate;
organofluorine compound;
phosphoramidate ester		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
prodrug
5-(4-amino-1-propan-2-yl-3-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-amine
sapanisertib: an mTOR inhibitor		2.6120benzoxazole
2,3',5',6-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene
2,3',5',6-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene: a naturally occurring compound particularly found in the genus Gnetum, had a strong inhibitory effect on murine tyrosinase activity; structure in first source		4.240
exenatide
Exenatide: A synthetic form of exendin-4, a 39-amino acid peptide isolated from the venom of the Gila monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum). Exenatide increases CYCLIC AMP levels in pancreatic acinar cells and acts as a GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist and incretin mimetic, enhancing insulin secretion in response to increased glucose levels; it also suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying. It is used an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity agent.		4.4230
alpha-tocotrienol quinone
alpha-tocotrienol quinone: reverses visual loss due to retinal ganglion degeneration		2.9810
blz 945
[no description available]		2.610
azd3839
AZD3839: a BACE1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
14-o-phosphonooxymethyltriptolide
14-O-phosphonooxymethyltriptolide disodium salt: pro-drug of triptolide; has antineoplastic activity		3.2510
mk-3102
[no description available]		3.2710pyrrolopyrazole
pr-957
PR-957: immunoproteasome inhibitor; inhibits Lmp7 protein; structure in first source		2.1710
pf 3084014
nirogacestat: an antineoplastic agent. nirogacestat : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted by a 1-[(2,2-dimethylpropyl)amino]-2-methylpropan-2-yl group at position 1 and a {N-[(2S)-6,8-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-L-norvalyl}amino group at position 4. It is a gamma-secretase inhibitor whose hydrobromide salt is indicated for adult patients with progressing desmoid tumours who require systemic treatment.		2.610
unc 0638
UNC 0638: inhibits lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP; structure in first source		2.610quinazolines
gs-9620
[no description available]		2.610
n-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide
N-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide: structure in first source		2.610
chrysophaentin a
chrysophaentin A: structure in first source		3.2310
bms 708163
BMS 708163: structure in first source		2.610oxadiazole;
ring assembly
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-R positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.1710ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
jq1 compound
[no description available]		2.610carboxylic ester;
organochlorine compound;
tert-butyl ester;
thienotriazolodiazepine		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
ferroptosis inducer
1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone
1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone: a USP7 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
gsk525762a
molibresib: mimicks acetylated histones; structure in first source		2.610benzodiazepine
ML240
ML240 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 2, 5 and 8 by 2-amino-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl, benzylnitrilo and methoxy groups, respectively. It is a ATP-competetive inhibitor of AAA ATPase p97, also known as valosin-containing protein (VCP).		2.610aromatic amine;
aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent
birinapant
birinapant: a Smac mimetic with antineoplastic activity		2.610dipeptide
ly2886721
[no description available]		2.610
nms-p118
NMS-P118: a PARP-1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
tubastatin a
[no description available]		420hydroxamic acid;
pyridoindole;
tertiary amino compound		EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
pracinostat
pracinostat : A hydroxamic acid that is N-hydroxyacrylamide which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl group (the E isomer). An orally available pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor with demonstrated activity in the treatment of advanced solid tumours.		3.7620benzimidazole;
hydroxamic acid;
olefinic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
diptoindonesin g
diptoindonesin G: from Hopea mengarawan; structure in first source		2.0510
vaticanol c
vaticanol C: structure in first source		3.1550
spautin-1
[no description available]		2.610
methylcellulose
Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.		2.0810
pf-4708671
[no description available]		2.2510
isoquercitrin
[no description available]		2.0510
ldn 57444
LDN 57444: inhibitor of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1; structure in first source		2.610
gsk1210151a
GSK1210151A: inhibitor of the BET family of proteins; structure in first source		2.610imidazoquinoline
i-bet726
[no description available]		2.610
vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).		3.3510
natriuretic peptide, brain
Natriuretic Peptide, Brain: A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.		4.3941polypeptide
acy-1215
ricolinostat: an HDAC6 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610pyrimidinecarboxylic acid
heme
Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.		2.0110
3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexahydroxystilbene
[no description available]		8.1850
gsk2656157
[no description available]		2.1510biaryl;
indoles;
methylpyridines;
organofluorine compound;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
tertiary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
PERK inhibitor
heparitin sulfate
Heparitin Sulfate: A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.		2.610
dihydronicotinamide
[no description available]		2.110
cudc-907
[no description available]		2.610
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		11.97791ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
raltegravir
[no description available]		2.54201,2,4-oxadiazole;
dicarboxylic acid amide;
hydroxypyrimidine;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidone;
secondary carboxamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
novobiocin
Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.		2.1710carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		7.9840
oxytetracycline, anhydrous
Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.		2.1310
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		3.0340
salicylates
Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.		4.4660monohydroxybenzoateplant metabolite
dicumarol
Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.		2.0710hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam
[no description available]		4.05130benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
acenocoumarol
Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.		2.1310C-nitro compound;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
meclan
[no description available]		2.0510
lfm a13
LFM-A13 : An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the amino group of 2,5-dibromoaniline. It is a dual-function inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and Polo-like kinases (PLK) that exhibits anticancer properties.		2.0310aromatic amide;
dibromobenzene;
enamide;
enol;
nitrile;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.21 (polo kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
mobic
Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.		4.55511,3-thiazoles;
benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex
tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.		2.1310heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		8.22330benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
6-o-palmitoylascorbic acid
[no description available]		2.1310fatty acid ester
citrinin
Citrinin: Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum.		3.2250
tipranavir
tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.		2.5220sulfonamideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
l 701324
L 701324: a glycine/NMDA receptor antagonist		2.0310quinolines
antimycin
[no description available]		2.0710
tasquinimod
tasquinimod: a lead second generation quinoline-3-carboxamide anti-angiogenic agent for the treatment of prostate cancer; structure in first source		2.610
rolitetracycline
Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.		2.0510
hispidin
hispidin: metabolite of Basidiomycete Polyporus hispidus. hispidin : Fungal metabolite first found in basidiomycete Inonotus hispidus (formerly Polyporus hispidus).		2.44202-pyranones;
catechols		antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite
minocycline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4420
demeclocycline hydrochloride
demeclocycline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of demeclocycline. A tetracycline antibiotic, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.		2.7530
vulpinic acid
vulpinic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source; vulpinic acid refers to (E)-isomer		2.0710butenolide
gsk1265744
[no description available]		2.610difluorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary carboxamide		HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
abt-267
ombitasvir: inhibits HCV NS5A protein, component of Viekirax. ombitasvir : A dipeptide derivative which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610aromatic amide;
carbamate ester;
dipeptide;
pyrrolidines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
abt-333
dasabuvir: an antiviral agent. dasabuvir : A member of the class of pyrimidone, which is (as the monohydrate of its sodium salt) in combination with ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610aromatic ether;
naphthalenes;
pyrimidone;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
nonnucleoside hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor
rgfp966
[no description available]		2.610
rg2833
RG2833: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
11-o-galloylbergenin
11-O-galloylbergenin: analgesic and anti-inflammatory; structure in first source		2.1310
betalains
Betalains: Compounds derived from TYROSINE via betalamic acid, including BETAXANTHINS and BETACYANINS. They are found in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS and some BASIDIOMYCETES.		3.4110
omega-agatoxin iva
omega-Agatoxin IVA: A neuropeptide toxin from the venom of the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. It inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, P-TYPE by altering the voltage-dependent gating so that very large depolarizations are needed for channel opening. It also inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, Q-TYPE.		2.0310
epidermal growth factor
Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.		4.5220
clay
Clay: A naturally-occurring rock or soil constituent characterized by particles with a diameter of less than 0.005 mm. It is composed primarily of hydrous aluminum silicates, trace amounts of metal OXIDES, and organic matter.		7.0710
gluma
Gluma: bonding agent; aqueous solution of hydroxyethylmethacrylate & glutaral		2.1110
charybdotoxin
[no description available]		2.7130
transforming growth factor beta
Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.		8.78442
phytoestrogens
Phytoestrogens: Compounds derived from plants, primarily ISOFLAVONES that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to ESTROGEN RECEPTORS.		18.7865
carolacton
carolacton: damages biofilms; isolated from Sorangium cellulosum; structure in first source		3.3110terpene lactone
pi-1840
PI-1840: has both antineoplastic and proteasome inhibitory activities; structure in first source		2.610
okadaic acid
Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.		2.4620ketal
phosphatidylethanol
phosphatidylethanol: formed in rat brain by phospholipase D. phosphatidylethanol : A glycerophospholipid that is the monoethyl ester of any phosphatidic acid.		210
acy-738
[no description available]		2.610
pelabresib
CPI-0610: a bromodomain and extra-terminal protein inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.610monochlorobenzenes;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
primary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor
sr9009
[no description available]		3.2110
gsk837149a
GSK837149A: structure in first source		2.0610
gs-5806
presatovir: a respiratory syncytial virus entry inhibitor		2.610
doravirine
[no description available]		2.610
pyrethrins
[no description available]		2.3110
gn6958
GN6958: inhibits SUMO-sentrin specific protease 1 (SENP1); structure in first source		2.610
gsk2879552
GSK2879552: inhibits lysine demethylase 1; structure in first source. GSK2879552 : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine substituted by (4-carboxyphenyl)methyl and {[(1R,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropyl]amino}methyl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, also known as KDM1A). It was under clinical investigation for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and small cell lung carcinoma.		3.7320benzenes;
benzoic acids;
cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
piperidines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.99.66 (lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A) inhibitor
vx-787
pimodivir: non‐nucleotide inhibitor of the polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) subunit of the influenza A that is active against H1N1, H7N9 and H5N1, as well as influenza A strains with reduced susceptibility to NAIs		2.610
ledipasvir
ledipasvir : A benzimidazole derivative that is used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.		2.610azaspiro compound;
benzimidazole;
bridged compound;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
fluorenes;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor
gs-5816
velpatasvir: an NS5A inhibitor used for treating hepatitis C infections. velpatasvir : A complex organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the brand name Epclusa) for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C of all six major genotypes.		2.610carbamate ester;
ether;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
ring assembly		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
g007-lk
G007-LK: potent and specific small-molecule tankyrase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
frax486
[no description available]		3.2510
ajmaline
[no description available]		2.0710
lasiokaurin
lasiokaurin: kaurene-type diterpenoid from Isodon species; structure		2.4110kaurane diterpenoidmetabolite
frax597
FRAX597: structure in first source		3.2510
leu-ser-lys-leu peptide
[no description available]		2.2110
4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-n-hydroxybenzamide
4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-N-hydroxybenzamide: inhibits HDAC6; structure in first source		2.610
selinexor
selinexor: inhibits karyopherin XPO1		2.610
verdinexor
verdinexor: a selective inhibitor of nuclear export		2.610
cb-839
[no description available]		2.610
mk-8742
elbasvir: inhibits NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus. elbasvir : A complex organic heterotetracyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with grazoprevir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.		2.610carbamate ester;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent
atglistatin
atglistatin: inhibits adipose triglyceride lipase; structure in first source. atglistatin : A biphenyl that is 1,1'-biphenyl substituted by (dimethylcarbamoyl)amino and dimethylamino groups at positions 3 and 4', respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase activity (IC50 = 700nM).		2.610
o-acetyl-adp-ribose
O-Acetyl-ADP-Ribose: An acetyl ester of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE formed during NAD-dependent deacetylation of proteins by SIRTUINS. The acetate group resides on the ribose ring where nicotinamide was cleaved from NAD during the reaction. Several isomers of O-acetyl-ADP-ribose have been isolated from the reaction.. 2''-O-acetyl-ADP-D-ribose : A nucleotide-sugar having ADP as the nucleotide fragment and 2-O-acetyl-D-ribofuranos-5-yl as the sugar component.		3.1510nucleotide-sugar
as 1842856
5-amino-7-(cyclohexylamino)-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid: inhibits Foxo1 transactivation; inhibits mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; structure in first source. AS1842856 : A quinolone that is 4-quinolone substituted at positions 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7 by ethyl, carboxy, amino, fluorine, and cyclohexylamino groups, respectively. It can directly bind to and block the transcription activity of the active forkhead box protein O1 (Foxo1), but not the Ser256-phosphorylated form. It induces cell death and growth arrest in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines at low concentrations.		2.2110organofluorine compound;
primary amino compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-obesity agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inhibitor;
forkhead box protein O1 inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
xen445
[no description available]		2.610
santacruzamate a
santacruzamate A: HDAC2 inhibitor from the Panamanian marine cyanobacterium cf. Symploca sp.; structure in first source		2.610organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
cyclin d1
Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.		6.98350
caseins
Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.		9.21150
ginsenoside rk3
ginsenoside Rk3: structure in first source		2.1710
ldc4297
LDC4297: a CDK7 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. LDC4297 : A pyrazolotriazine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine substituted by a piperidin-3-yloxy group, [2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzyl]nitrilo group and an isopropyl group at positions 2, 4 and 8 respectively. It is a potent and selective CDK7 inhibitor and exhibits antiviral activity.		2.610aromatic ether;
piperidines;
pyrazoles;
pyrazolotriazine;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
oligomycins
Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X).		2.7430
calcium fructoborate
calcium fructoborate: a boron-based nutritional supplement with antioxidant activity		8.4711
praliciguat
praliciguat: soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator. praliciguat : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 5-fluoro-2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyrimidine which is substituted by a 2-fluorobenzyl group at position 1, 1,2-oxazol-3-yl group at position 5, and by a [3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)propyl]nitrilo group at position 4. It is a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator under clinical development for the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.		3.4211aminopyrimidine;
isoxazoles;
monofluorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
soluble guanylate cyclase activator;
vasodilator agent
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor		3.5880
nitrophenols
Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.		2.5420
bassianolide
bassianolide: cyclodepsipeptide from mycelia of Beauveria bassiana; inhibits isotonic contractions induced by acetylcholine. bassianolide : A cyclodepsipeptide consisting of a cyclic tetramer of the depsipeptide D-Hiv-N-methyl-L-leucine (where D-Hiv = D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid). Found in the fungal species Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii, it has insecticidal properties and is used as a commercial biopesticide to control of insects of agricultural, veterinary and medical significance. For elucidation of the structure, see Suzuki et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1977 v25, 2167-2170.		2.920cyclodepsipeptide;
cyclooctadepsipeptide		antineoplastic agent;
fungal metabolite;
insecticide
enasidenib
[no description available]		2.6101,3,5-triazines;
aminopyridine;
aromatic amine;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.42 (isocitrate dehydrogenase) inhibitor
1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin d3
1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3: RN refers to (1alpha,3beta,5Z,7E)-isomer; formulated in ointment at a concentration of 4 microg/g, for treatment of mild psoriasis		2.3110
norbergenin
norbergenin: bergenin derivative isolated from the root of Ardisia crenata		2.1310
colivelin
Colivelin: a hybrid peptide composed of activity-dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) C-terminally fused to AGA-(C8R)HNG17, a potent humanin derivative		2.2510
glucagon-like peptide 2
Glucagon-Like Peptide 2: A 33-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal of PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. It stimulates intestinal mucosal growth and decreased apoptosis of ENTEROCYTES. GLP-2 enhances gastrointestinal function and plays an important role in nutrient homeostasis.		3.1910
angiotensin i
Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3.		3.2250angiotensin;
peptide zwitterion		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter agent
hyaluronoglucosaminidase
Hyaluronoglucosaminidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) There has been use as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to limit NEOPLASM METASTASIS.		2.4110
adrenomedullin
Adrenomedullin: A 52-amino acid peptide with multi-functions. It was originally isolated from PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and ADRENAL MEDULLA but is widely distributed throughout the body including lung and kidney tissues. Besides controlling fluid-electrolyte homeostasis, adrenomedullin is a potent vasodilator and can inhibit pituitary ACTH secretion.		2.8730
aristoforin
Aristoforin: derivative of hyperforin, is a potent anticancer agent; structure in first source		3.6320
diospyros
Diospyros: A plant genus of the family EBENACEAE, order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida best known for the edible fruit and the antibacterial activity and compounds of the wood.		2.4110
nephrin
nephrin: gene nephrin is mutated in congenital nephrotic syndrome; amino acid sequence in first source; GenBank F19541; RefSeq NM_019459 (mouse), NM_004646 (human), NM_022628 (rat)		7.4820
alpha-viniferin
alpha-viniferin: from Caragana chamlagu root; structure given in first source		3.1650
peoniflorin
peoniflorin: from Radix and of Paeonia suffruticosa		3.6520
vitamin b 12
Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.		4.1910
aconitine
Aconitine: A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM; DELPHINIUM and larkspurs. It activates VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIAS in experimental animals and it has anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgic properties.. aconitine : A diterpenoid that is 20-ethyl-3alpha,13,15alpha-trihydroxy-1alpha,6alpha,16beta-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-8,14alpha-diol having acetate and benzoate groups at the 8- and 14-positions respectively.		2.0510
humulin s
Insulin, Regular, Human: Regular insulin preparations that contain the HUMAN insulin peptide sequence.. insulin (human) : An insulin that is produced in the pancreas and involved in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates (particularly glucose) and fats. Commonly thought of as a protein, it consists of two peptide chains, one containing 21 amino acid residues and the other containing 30; the chains are joined together by 2 disulfide bonds. Recombinant insulin is identical to human insulin, but is synthesised by inserting the human insulin gene into E. coli, which then produces insulin for human use. It is used in the treatment of type I and type II diabetes.		2.2510
s 8932
[no description available]		2.610aromatic amine;
C-nucleoside;
carboxylic ester;
nitrile;
phosphoramidate ester;
pyrrolotriazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
prodrug
transforming growth factor alpha
Transforming Growth Factor alpha: An EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR related protein that is found in a variety of tissues including EPITHELIUM, and maternal DECIDUA. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form which binds to the EGF RECEPTOR.		2.730
margatoxin
[no description available]		2.4320
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).		4.38190
silybin
Silybin: The major active component of silymarin flavonoids extracted from seeds of the MILK THISTLE, Silybum marianum; it is used in the treatment of HEPATITIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and CHEMICAL AND DRUG INDUCED LIVER INJURY, and has antineoplastic activity; silybins A and B are diastereomers.		5.5780
triciribine
triciribine: structure. triciribine : A nucleoside analogue in which the nucleobase portion is a 1,4,5,6,8-pentaazaacenaphthylene ring system substituted with an amino group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 5 and is bound to the beta-D-ribofuranosyl moiety by an N(1)-glycosidic linkage.		2.3110
peptide yy
Peptide YY: A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion.. peptide YY : A 36-membered human gut polypeptide consisting of Tyr, Pro, Ile, Lys, Pro, Glu, Ala, Pro, Gly, Glu, Asp, Ala, Ser, Pro, Glu, Glu, Leu, Asn, Arg, Tyr, Tyr, Ala, Ser, Leu, Arg, His, Tyr, Leu, Asn, Leu, Val, Thr, Arg, Gln, Arg and Tyr-NH2 residues joined in sequence.		2.0510
lactoferrin
Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.		6.1342
myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55)
[no description available]		2.1310
digitonin
Digitonin: A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects.. digitonin : A spirostanyl glycoside that is digitogenin in which the 3-hydroxy group is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl group. It is a steroidal saponin isolated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis purpurea. It is used extensively as a mild non-ionic detergent for extracting proteins from membranes for structure and function studies.		210
protopanaxadiol
protopanaxadiol: triterpenoid sapogenin of ginsenosides from leaves of Panax ginseng; has antineoplastic activity; acid hydrolysis results in panaxadiol. protopanaxadiol : A tetracyclic triterpenoid sapogenin (isolated from ginseng) that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 positions and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		7.920
orabase
Orabase: used in therapy of oral mucosal ulcers		4.6351
thromboplastin
Thromboplastin: Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.		3.5580
muramidase
Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.		3.3360
amyloid beta-peptides
amyloid beta-protein (1-40): although acutely neurotoxic in both rat & monkey cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration in primates resembles more closely to that found in Alzheimer's disease; amino acid sequence has been determined		2.9740
chondroitin sulfates
Chondroitin Sulfates: Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate.		2.610
exudates
Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)		2.7630
entecavir
entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.		2.6102-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		2.99402-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
stf 083010
STF 083010: inhibits Ire1 endonuclease; structure in first source		2.1510
nu 1025
NU 1064: structure in first source		2.610phenols;
quinazolines		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
cyclic gmp
Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.		4.351903',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
guanyl ribonucleotide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sepiapterin
sepiapterin: A substrate of sepiapterin reductase		2.0310sepiapterin
deoxyguanosine
[no description available]		11.46222purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside;
purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.		2.7930guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanine
[no description available]		2.99402-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hypoxanthine
[no description available]		3.1250nucleobase analogue;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		fundamental metabolite
inosine
[no description available]		2.1310inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sapropterin
sapropterin: RN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases. (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin : A 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin in which the stereocentre at position 6 has R-configuration.. sapropterin : A tetrahydropterin that is 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-4(3H)-one in which a hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a 1,2-dihydroxypropyl group (6R,1'R,2'S-enantiomer).		4.08405,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterincoenzyme;
cofactor;
diagnostic agent;
human metabolite
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.		8.22260folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient
3-methyladenine
N3-methyladenine: structure in first source		3.5370
isoxanthopterin
[no description available]		2.0310dihydroxypteridine
neopterin
[no description available]		4.1731
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		6.0981cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine
Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.		2.7530benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
GABA antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
xenobiotic
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		4.7990dacarbazine
didanosine
Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.		2.7430purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir
[no description available]		3.05402-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug
valacyclovir
Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.		2.5220L-valyl esterantiviral drug
olanzapine
Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.		2.2110benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir
penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.		2.6102-aminopurines;
propane-1,3-diols		antiviral drug
zaprinast
zaprinast: anaphylaxis inhibitor; structure		2.4420triazolopyrimidines
rsva405
RSVA405: an AMPK activator; structure in first source		2.1110
kf38789
KF38789: a non-carbohydrate low MW cpd that Inhibits P-selectin specific cell adhesion; structure in first source		2.1310
allopurinol
Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.		6.64250nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger
leucovorin
5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.		2.0410formyltetrahydrofolic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
thiolactomycin
thiolactomycin: from actinomycetes; structure given in first source		2.4520
4-hydroxyquinazoline
4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline: structure in first source		2.610quinazolines
2,4-diaminohypoxanthine
2,4-diaminohypoxanthine: do not confuse abbreviation DAHP with various dehydro-deoxy-arabino-heptulosonic acid phosphates which also use DAHP; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0310hydroxypyrimidine
noc 18
NOC 18: releases nitric oxide; structure in first source		2.110
tegaserod
tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source		2.610carboxamidine;
guanidines;
hydrazines;
indoles		gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic agonist
norclozapine
norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.		2.610dibenzodiazepine;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		delta-opioid receptor agonist;
metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
pralidoxime iodide
pralidoxime iodide : An organic iodide salt that has pralidoxime as the cation.		2.1310organic iodide salt;
pyridinium salt		cholinergic drug;
cholinesterase reactivator
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		7.8830N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
cyadox
cyadox: structure		7.1510
sildenafil citrate
Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil.		3.0440citrate saltEC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
aprepitant
Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.		2.610(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
triazoles		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
substance P receptor antagonist
vardenafil dihydrochloride
Vardenafil Dihydrochloride: A piperazine derivative, PHOSPHODIESTERASE 5 INHIBITOR and VASODILATOR AGENT that is used as a UROLOGICAL AGENT in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.		2.0610
azilsartan
azilsartan: an angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker; receptor blocker. azilsartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group and at position 1 by a 2'-[(5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl group. Used (as the prodrug, azilsartan medoxomil) for treatment of hypertension.		2.6101,2,4-oxadiazole;
aromatic ether;
benzimidazolecarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
quazinone
[no description available]		2.0310
8-bromocyclic gmp, sodium salt
sodium 8-bromo-3',5'-cyclic GMP : An organic sodium salt having 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate as the counterion. A membrane permeable cGMP analogue that activates protein kinase G (PKG). It is 4.3-fold more potent than cGMP in activating PKG1alpha and promotes relaxation of tracheal and vascular smooth muscle tissue in vitro.		2.4420organic sodium saltmuscle relaxant;
protein kinase G agonist
ag-879
AG-879: structure given in first source		3.8530
hesperadin
[no description available]		2.610
trypan blue
Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).		2.7230
azure c
Azure C: RN given refers to chloride. azure C : An organic chloride salt having 3-amino-7-(methylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion.		2.0510
methylnitronitrosoguanidine
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position		2.730nitroso compoundalkylating agent
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine
8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.		6.37202guanosinesbiomarker
guanosine 5'-(alpha,beta-methylene)triphosphate
guanosine 5'-(alpha,beta-methylene)triphosphate: enhances microtubule nucleation		2.3110
6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime
6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime: a synthetic derivative of a compound from the Mediterranean mollusk Hexaplex trunculus, protects cells from varicella infection		2.610
cnb 001
[no description available]		3.4110
pralidoxime chloride
[no description available]		2.1310organic chloride salt;
pyridinium salt		cholinergic drug;
cholinesterase reactivator
bemotrizinol
[no description available]		2.1110methoxybenzenes
hydrazinocurcumin
hydrazinocurcumin: structure in first source. hydrazinocurcumin : A pyrazole obtained by cyclocodensation of the two carbonyl groups of curcumin with hydrazine.		3.4110aromatic ether;
olefinic compound;
polyphenol;
pyrazoles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
alpha-cyclopiazonic acid
[no description available]		2.0710alpha-cyclopiazonic acids
n'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthahydrazide
[no description available]		2.610catechols;
hydrazide;
hydrazone;
naphthols		EC 3.6.5.5 (dynamin GTPase) inhibitor
XL413
XL413 : A benzofuropyrimidine that is 3,4-dihydro[1]benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine substituted by (2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl, oxo and chloro groups at positions 2, 4, and 8, respectively. It is a potent ATP competitive inhibitor of Cdc7 kinase (IC50 = 3.4 nM) and exhibits anticancer properties.		2.610benzofuropyrimidine;
organochlorine compound;
pyrrolidines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
bmn 673
talazoparib: inhibits both PARP1 and PARP2; structure in first source		2.8220
nms-e973
NMS-E973: structure in first source		2.2510
me0328
ME0328: inhibits ARTD3; structure in first source		2.610
n-(3-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-ylmethylene)amino)phenyl)-2-phenylpropionamide
[no description available]		4.1520
nvp-tnks656
[no description available]		2.610
lipoteichoic acid
lipoteichoic acid: lipopolysaccharides with an acyl group anchored to the cell membrane of gram-positive bacteria; functions as an adhesion molecule to facilitate the binding of bacteria to cells, colonization, and invasion; interacts with CD14 to induce NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine production; can function as surface antigen; inhibits remineraliztion of artificial lesions and surface-softened enamels;. lipoteichoic acid : A teichoic acid which is covalently bound to a lipid.		7.5220
eye
[no description available]		8.250
maltodextrin
maltodextrin : A dextrin in which the D-glucose units are linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds.		7.6120
mitotempo
MitoTEMPO: an antioxidant		7.4110
vincadifformine
vincadifformine: RN given for (5alpha,12beta,19alpha)-isomer; structure in first source		2.2110
concanavalin a
Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.		7.9640
trypsinogen
Trypsinogen: The inactive proenzyme of trypsin secreted by the pancreas, activated in the duodenum via cleavage by enteropeptidase. (Stedman, 25th ed)		2.2510
metallothionein
Metallothionein: A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals.		3.5820
2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester
2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester: structure given in first source		210
leptin
Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.		10.68365
hopeaphenol
hopeaphenol: resveratrol tetramer in wines from North Africa		4.12140
pyrimidinones
Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.		3.8630
aluminum magnesium silicate
aluminum magnesium silicate: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified composition		2.5320
filipin
Filipin: A complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane function by interfering with membrane sterols, inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and is proposed as an antifungal agent. Filipins I, II, and IV are less important.		2.0610
phenanthrenes
Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.		10.43100
flavone
flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2.		2.0710flavonesmetabolite;
nematicide
3-hydroxyflavone
3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.		2.0710flavonols;
monohydroxyflavone
chrysin
chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
7-hydroxyflavone
7-hydroxyflavone : A hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group.		2.0710hydroxyflavonoid
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		014.041625
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.		09.1440
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		017.248372
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		014.452796
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		014.452796
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
[description not available]		09.06140
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute
An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.		04.06140
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		015.541884
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		117.541884
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		018.83643
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		120.83643
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		07.47451
Bone Loss, Perimenopausal
[description not available]		06.3781
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal
Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.		06.3781
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		019.9552615
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		121.9552615
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset
[description not available]		018.2214932
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.		125.2214932
Leishmania Infection
[description not available]		02.4920
Leishmaniasis
A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).		02.4920
Adverse Drug Event
[description not available]		02.0410
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.		02.0410
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		04.78290
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		04.31180
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		09.31180
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.		09.08531
Hyperglycemia
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.		09.08531
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).		021.1327039
Weight Gain
Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.		011.49222
Invasiveness, Neoplasm
[description not available]		09.73692
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		010.312120
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		07.45490
Cancer of Pancreas
[description not available]		09.65701
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		07.45490
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).		09.65701
Caries, Dental
[description not available]		02.0510
Dental Caries
Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.		02.0510
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.		119.523052
B16 Melanoma
[description not available]		05.61260
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		09.821151
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		111.821151
Colitis
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.		07.13291
Diarrhea
An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.		09.89116
Amyloid Deposits
[description not available]		03.680
Bacterial Disease
[description not available]		04.7860
Candida Infection
[description not available]		0340
Bacterial Infections
Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.		04.7860
Candidiasis
Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)		0340
Encephalitis, Polio
[description not available]		02.0610
Poliomyelitis
An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)		02.0610
Blood Clot
[description not available]		07.25150
Thrombosis
Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.		07.25150
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		09.49682
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		08.121160
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		09.49682
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		08.121160
Cancer of Stomach
[description not available]		09.51375
Infections, Helicobacter
[description not available]		05.2741
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.		09.51375
Helicobacter Infections
Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.		05.2741
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		09.54741
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		011.89893
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		09.54741
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		113.89893
Depression
Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.		09.78322
Hepatitis, Viral, Non-A, Non-B, Parenterally-Transmitted
[description not available]		05.3241
Hepatitis C
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.		010.3241
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
[description not available]		02.5720
Malaria, Falciparum
Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.		02.5720
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		08.2560
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		08.2560
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced
[description not available]		08.12481
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.		08.12481
Adenoma, Prostatic
[description not available]		04.4370
Prostatic Hyperplasia
Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.		04.4370
Lung Injury, Acute
[description not available]		06.23290
Acute Lung Injury
A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).		06.23290
Age-Related Osteoporosis
[description not available]		07.64370
Osteoporosis
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.		07.64370
Anasarca
[description not available]		06.82221
Primary Peritonitis
[description not available]		03.0340
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		06.82221
Peritonitis
INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.		03.0340
Infections, Plasmodium
[description not available]		04.1431
Malaria
A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.		09.1431
Protein Aggregation, Pathological
A biochemical phenomenon in which misfolded proteins aggregate either intra- or extracellularly. Triggered by factors such as MUTATION; POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, and environmental stress, it is generally associated with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.		04.96120
Anemia, Fanconi
[description not available]		03.3560
Fanconi Anemia
Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)		08.3560
HIV Coinfection
[description not available]		05.58110
HIV Infections
Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).		05.58110
Skin Aging
The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight.		014.29242
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas
[description not available]		04.8770
Cystic Fibrosis
An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.		04.8770
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
[description not available]		05.16160
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.		05.16160
Ache
[description not available]		08.98262
Pain
An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.		08.98262
Amyloid Neuropathy Type 1
[description not available]		02.6620
Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial
Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and GELSOLIN.		02.6620
Hyperuricemia
Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT.		08.2350
Atherogenesis
[description not available]		017.91712
Atherosclerosis
A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.		012.91712
Amyloidosis
A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits.		09.5180
Dyslipidemia
[description not available]		07.64122
Dyslipidemias
Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.		07.64122
Colorectal Cancer
[description not available]		010.98862
Colorectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.		112.98862
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System
[description not available]		010.29850
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.		010.29850
Age-Related Memory Disorders
[description not available]		07.82410
Memory Disorders
Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.		19.82410
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		07.18340
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		07.18340
Rheumatoid Arthritis
[description not available]		09.84331
Dermatoses
[description not available]		05.4970
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.		09.84331
Cardiovascular Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.		120.8818413
Skin Diseases
Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.		05.4970
Contact Dermatitis
[description not available]		02.5320
Itching
[description not available]		02.2110
Dermatitis, Contact
A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.		02.5320
Pruritus
An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.		02.2110
Anoxemia
[description not available]		06.47600
Hypoxia
Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.		06.47600
Osseous Paget's Disease
[description not available]		02.2510
Osteitis Deformans
A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair, resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the normal parallel symmetry.		02.2510
Congenital Zika Syndrome
[description not available]		04.350
Zika Virus Infection
A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.		09.350
Allergic Encephalomyelitis
[description not available]		011.28120
MS (Multiple Sclerosis)
[description not available]		06.44130
Multiple Sclerosis
An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)		06.44130
Cirrhosis, Liver
[description not available]		07.09380
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.		012.09380
Carcinogenesis
The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.		07.39310
Disease Resistance
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.		09.63210
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis
[description not available]		0681
Psoriasis
A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.		0681
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic
[description not available]		014.79210
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.		116.79210
Cardiac Toxicity
[description not available]		011.95320
Cardiotoxicity
Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.		06.95320
Bladder Cancer
[description not available]		05.59150
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.		05.59150
Metastase
[description not available]		015.23392
Neoplasm Metastasis
The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.		010.23392
Achondroplasia, Severe, With Developmental Delay And Acanthosis Nigricans
[description not available]		02.5820
Achondroplasia
An autosomal dominant disorder that is the most frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and mid-face hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow extension, GENU VARUM, and trident hand. (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim, MIM#100800, April 20, 2001)		02.5820
Disbacteriosis
[description not available]		07.99101
Infection, Toxoplasma gondii
[description not available]		02.9330
Hepatitis, Animal
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.		02.3110
Toxoplasmosis
The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man.		02.9330
Cognitive Decline
[description not available]		08.22480
Cognitive Dysfunction
Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.		08.22480
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
[description not available]		03.3560
Cirrhosis
[description not available]		09.14771
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.		06.5400
Fibrosis
Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.		09.14771
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.		06.5400
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.		03.3560
Adjuvant Arthritis
[description not available]		06.32200
Cardiovascular Stroke
[description not available]		012.97791
Myocardial Infarction
NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).		012.97791
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		08.771380
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion
[description not available]		09.16720
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		08.771380
Acute Brain Injuries
[description not available]		06.72270
Injuries, Spinal Cord
[description not available]		07.96310
Brain Injuries
Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.		011.72270
Spinal Cord Injuries
Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).		07.96310
Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain
[description not available]		05.76180
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain
A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions.		05.76180
Endometrioma
An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst.		09.18262
Endometriosis
A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.		09.18262
Vascular Calcification
Deposition of calcium into the blood vessel structures. Excessive calcification of the vessels are associated with ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES formation particularly after MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (see MONCKEBERG MEDIAL CALCIFIC SCLEROSIS) and chronic kidney diseases which in turn increase VASCULAR STIFFNESS.		03.1640
Eczema, Atopic
[description not available]		04.2450
Dermatitis, Atopic
A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.		04.2450
Atrophy, Muscle
[description not available]		05.36190
Muscular Atrophy
Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.		05.36190
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
[description not available]		09.11261
Insulin Sensitivity
[description not available]		018.9619632
Insulin Resistance
Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.		120.9619632
Abnormality, Heart
[description not available]		03.2750
Heart Defects, Congenital
Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.		03.2750
Poultry Diseases
Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.		06.0183
Jejunal Diseases
Pathological development in the JEJUNUM region of the SMALL INTESTINE.		03.711
Enteritis
Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.		04.541
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		013.161336
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		013.161336
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		04.76270
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		04.76270
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
[description not available]		08.95110
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.		03.95110
Benign Neoplasms, Brain
[description not available]		07.6420
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		07.42450
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.		07.6420
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		07.42450
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
[description not available]		011.13215
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading.		113.13215
Degenerative Disc Disease
[description not available]		05.35110
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Degenerative changes in the INTERVERTEBRAL DISC due to aging or structural damage, especially to the vertebral end-plates.		010.35110
Choroid Neovascularization
[description not available]		03.570
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
[description not available]		06.79191
Macular Degeneration
Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.		18.79191
Kidney Diseases
Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.		07.31360
Cells, Neoplasm Circulating
[description not available]		03.8921
Diabetic Retinopathy
Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.		07.93181
Recrudescence
[description not available]		07.8693
Infections, Respiratory
[description not available]		06.2462
Respiratory Tract Infections
Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.		06.2462
Erythema
Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.		04.331
Ileitis
Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE.		07.5320
Aura
[description not available]		05.6280
Epilepsy
A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)		05.6280
Central Retinal Edema, Cystoid
[description not available]		02.4110
Diabetes Mellitus
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.		015.11762
Macular Edema
Fluid accumulation in the outer layer of the MACULA LUTEA that results from intraocular or systemic insults. It may develop in a diffuse pattern where the macula appears thickened or it may acquire the characteristic petaloid appearance referred to as cystoid macular edema. Although macular edema may be associated with various underlying conditions, it is most commonly seen following intraocular surgery, venous occlusive disease, DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, and posterior segment inflammatory disease. (From Survey of Ophthalmology 2004; 49(5) 470-90)		07.4110
Cardiac Failure
[description not available]		09.67291
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		09.67291
Cancer of Endometrium
[description not available]		03.5580
Endometrial Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.		03.5580
Lower Urinary Tract Symptom
[description not available]		03.6820
Impotence
[description not available]		04.86110
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
[description not available]		05.49190
Erectile Dysfunction
The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.		04.86110
Prostatitis
Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment.		05.49190
Epithelial Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.5920
Cancer of Ovary
[description not available]		06.54660
Ovarian Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.		06.54660
Osteoarthritis of Knee
[description not available]		06.3872
Osteoarthritis, Knee
Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)		06.3872
Blood Poisoning
[description not available]		06.81380
Sepsis
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.		06.81380
Vascular Diseases
Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.		06.96140
Cardiac Diseases
[description not available]		016.1390
Heart Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.		011.1390
Acute Hepatic Failure
[description not available]		04.4940
Liver Failure, Acute
A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.		04.4940
Choriocarcinoma
A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).		07.4110
Diathesis
[description not available]		05.0480
Neointima
The new and thickened layer of scar tissue that forms on a PROSTHESIS, or as a result of vessel injury especially following ANGIOPLASTY or stent placement.		04.97130
Burns
Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.		09.15130
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis
[description not available]		09.68421
Diabetic Nephropathies
KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.		111.68421
Pericementitis
[description not available]		07.56300
Periodontitis
Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)		07.56300
Liver Dysfunction
[description not available]		012.11290
Liver Diseases
Pathological processes of the LIVER.		07.11290
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		09.69521
Granulomatosis, Wegener's
[description not available]		02.3110
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels (VASCULITIS) leading to damage in any number of organs. The common features include granulomatous inflammation of the RESPIRATORY TRACT and KIDNEYS. Most patients have measurable autoantibodies (ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES) against MYELOBLASTIN.		02.3110
Microscopic Polyangiitis
A primary systemic vasculitis of small- and some medium-sized vessels. It is characterized by a tropism for kidneys and lungs, positive association with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and a paucity of immunoglobulin deposits in vessel walls.		02.3110
Root Resorption
Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms. (Dorland, 27th ed)		07.7220
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor
A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.		03.2250
Apnea, Obstructive Sleep
[description not available]		02.5820
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY; ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395)		02.5820
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory
[description not available]		07.94170
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.		07.94170
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease
[description not available]		07.31260
Parkinson Disease
A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)		114.31260
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
[description not available]		07.04211
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.		07.04211
Sarcopenia
Progressive decline in muscle mass due to aging which results in decreased functional capacity of muscles.		03.4160
Cardiometabolic Syndrome
A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.		015.36810
Metabolic Syndrome
A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.		117.36810
Encephalopathy, Toxic
[description not available]		04.01120
Electron Transport Chain Deficiencies, Mitochondrial
[description not available]		08.35162
Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Error
[description not available]		04.1121
Inborn Errors of Metabolism
[description not available]		05.1631
Muscle Disorders
[description not available]		06.3571
Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes, Congenital
[description not available]		04.1121
Metabolism, Inborn Errors
Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero.		05.1631
Muscular Diseases
Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.		06.3571
Mitochondrial Diseases
Diseases caused by abnormal function of the MITOCHONDRIA. They may be caused by mutations, acquired or inherited, in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial components. They may also be the result of acquired mitochondria dysfunction due to adverse effects of drugs, infections, or other environmental causes.		08.35162
Autoimmune Diabetes
[description not available]		07.11281
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.		19.11281
Cardiomyopathy, Congestive
[description not available]		02.7830
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated
A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.		14.7830
Cancer of Cervix
[description not available]		05.52230
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.		05.52230
Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid
[description not available]		05.56141
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.		05.56141
Astheno Teratozoospermia
[description not available]		02.3110
ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
[description not available]		07.07171
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)		07.07171
Allergic Reaction
[description not available]		010.37110
Hypersensitivity
Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.		05.37110
Peripheral Nerve Diseases
[description not available]		04.7460
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.		04.7460
Leishmaniasis, American
[description not available]		02.4110
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous
An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.		02.4110
Cranial Nerve II Injuries
[description not available]		03.0840
Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney
[description not available]		03.99120
Injuries, Eye
[description not available]		02.8220
Cancer of Kidney
[description not available]		03.99120
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.		03.99120
Eye Injuries
Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.		02.8220
Kidney Neoplasms
Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.		03.99120
Retinal Diseases
Diseases involving the RETINA.		04.29150
Blood Pressure, High
[description not available]		012.93768
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.		114.93768
Asthma, Bronchial
[description not available]		06.82210
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).		06.82210
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		07.18230
FMR1-Related Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
[description not available]		03.6880
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion. It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, and infections. The most commonly known genetic cause is the expansion of a CGG repeat to 55 to 199 copies in the 5' untranslated region in the X-linked FMR1 gene.		03.6880
Hypomelanosis
[description not available]		03.620
Hypopigmentation
A condition caused by a deficiency or a loss of melanin pigmentation in the epidermis, also known as hypomelanosis. Hypopigmentation can be localized or generalized, and may result from genetic defects, trauma, inflammation, or infections.		03.620
Sterility, Male
[description not available]		03.99120
Varicocele
A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous veins of the SPERMATIC CORD with a marked left-sided predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular) temperature and reduced testicular volume.		02.6120
Infertility, Male
The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.		03.99120
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		08.37481
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		08.37481
Anemia, Congenital Nonspherocytic Hemolytic
[description not available]		02.4110
Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Error
[description not available]		02.4110
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		05.03140
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		05.03140
Neuroblastoma
A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)		06.3510
Weight Reduction
[description not available]		010.63186
Weight Loss
Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.		010.63186
Cyst
[description not available]		02.4110
Celiac Sprue
[description not available]		02.4110
Celiac Disease
A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.		07.4110
Intraepithelial Prostatic Neoplasia
[description not available]		02.5720
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
A premalignant change arising in the prostatic epithelium, regarded as the most important and most likely precursor of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The neoplasia takes the form of an intra-acinar or ductal proliferation of secretory cells with unequivocal nuclear anaplasia, which corresponds to nuclear grade 2 and 3 invasive prostate cancer.		02.5720
Angiospasm, Intracranial
[description not available]		04.2231
Cerebral Ischemia
[description not available]		09.98751
Brain Ischemia
Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.		014.98751
Vasospasm, Intracranial
Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN).		04.2231
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Wide continuum of associated cognitive and neurobehavioral disorders, including, but not limited to, three core-defining features: impairments in socialization, impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. (from DSM-V)		07.41121
Autism
[description not available]		04.4970
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure
[description not available]		07.31480
Autistic Disorder
A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V)		04.4970
Allodynia
[description not available]		05.04360
Low Back Ache
[description not available]		05.3731
Low Back Pain
Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other conditions.		05.3731
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
[description not available]		03.0440
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.		03.0440
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		012.631802
Chronic Kidney Diseases
[description not available]		08.25212
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)		110.25212
Endotoxemia
A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.		03.5880
DDPAC
[description not available]		03.3310
Frontotemporal Dementia
The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with personality and behavioral changes often associated with disinhibition, apathy, and lack of insight.		03.3310
Overweight
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat.		013.532920
Cancer of the Thyroid
[description not available]		06.86250
Thyroid Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.		06.86250
Leukemia, Lymphoblastic, Acute, T Cell
[description not available]		03.0640
Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.		03.0640
Bilateral Headache
[description not available]		03.811
Abdominal Migraine
[description not available]		03.811
Headache
The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.		03.811
Migraine Disorders
A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)		03.811
Glaucoma
An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)		05.98120
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.		04.1831
HbS Disease
[description not available]		02.4720
Anemia, Sickle Cell
A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S.		02.4720
Priapism
A prolonged painful erection that may lasts hours and is not associated with sexual activity. It is seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA, advanced malignancy, spinal trauma; and certain drug treatments.		07.4110
Deep Vein Thrombosis
[description not available]		08.1240
Venous Thrombosis
The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein.		08.1240
Deafness, Transitory
[description not available]		03.4260
Drug-Induced Cochlear Toxicity
[description not available]		02.9830
Ototoxicity
Damage to the EAR or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.		02.9830
Hearing Loss
A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.		03.4260
Pulmonary Hypertension
[description not available]		05.18160
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.		05.18160
Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational
[description not available]		05.5490
Diabetes, Gestational
Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.		05.5490
Malnourishment
[description not available]		03.4820
Malnutrition
An imbalanced nutritional status resulting from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.		03.4820
Autoimmune Disease
[description not available]		06.38110
Autoimmune Diseases
Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.		011.38110
Bile Duct Obstruction
[description not available]		03.96120
Cholestasis
Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).		03.96120
Iron Overload
An excessive accumulation of iron in the body due to a greater than normal absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract or from parenteral injection. This may arise from idiopathic hemochromatosis, excessive iron intake, chronic alcoholism, certain types of refractory anemia, or transfusional hemosiderosis. (From Churchill's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1989)		04.9571
Apoplexy
[description not available]		012.76531
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)		012.76531
Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract
[description not available]		04.9450
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic
Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the environment, or an idiosyncratic response.		03.1440
E coli Infections
[description not available]		03.460
Escherichia coli Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.		03.460
Intestinal Diseases
Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.		03.2650
Retrolental Fibroplasia
[description not available]		02.5320
Retinopathy of Prematurity
A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)		07.5320
Aggressive Periodontitis
Inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that is characterized by rapid attachment loss and bone destruction in the presence of little local factors such as DENTAL PLAQUE and DENTAL CALCULUS. This highly destructive form of periodontitis often occurs in young people and was called early-onset periodontitis, but this disease also appears in old people.		08.811
Acne Rosacea
[description not available]		03.811
Rosacea
A cutaneous disorder primarily of convexities of the central part of the FACE, such as FOREHEAD; CHEEK; NOSE; and CHIN. It is characterized by FLUSHING; ERYTHEMA; EDEMA; RHINOPHYMA; papules; and ocular symptoms. It may occur at any age but typically after age 30. There are various subtypes of rosacea: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, and ocular (National Rosacea Society's Expert Committee on the Classification and Staging of Rosacea, J Am Acad Dermatol 2002; 46:584-7).		08.811
Embolism, Pulmonary
[description not available]		05.4241
Pulmonary Embolism
Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.		05.4241
Cerebral Malaria
[description not available]		02.4110
Infections, Staphylococcal
[description not available]		03.95110
Staphylococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		03.95110
Encephalopathy, Traumatic
[description not available]		05.52130
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.		05.52130
Low Bone Density
[description not available]		03.2450
Bone Diseases, Metabolic
Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE TISSUE.		03.2450
Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism
[description not available]		02.8220
Hypogonadism
Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ cell maturation, and development of secondary sex characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).		07.8220
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral
[description not available]		03.4550
Cerebral Hemorrhage
Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.		03.4550
Cataract, Membranous
[description not available]		05.4590
Cataract
Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)		05.4590
CBS Deficiency
[description not available]		02.8220
Clasp-Knife Spasticity
[description not available]		02.8220
Psychoses
[description not available]		02.8220
Homocystinuria
Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus, SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)		02.8220
Muscle Spasticity
A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a free interval) followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p54)		02.8220
Psychotic Disorders
Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)		02.8220
Action Myoclonus-Renal Failure Syndrome
[description not available]		02.4110
Epilepsy Progressive Myoclonic 2
[description not available]		02.4110
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis
[description not available]		06.76300
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.		06.6330
Pancreatitis
INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.		06.76300
Thyroid Cancer, Anaplastic
[description not available]		05.84170
Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic
An aggressive THYROID GLAND malignancy which generally occurs in IODINE-deficient areas in people with previous thyroid pathology such as GOITER. It is associated with CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION of THYROID CARCINOMA (e.g., FOLLICULAR THYROID CARCINOMA; PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER). Typical initial presentation is a rapidly growing neck mass which upon metastasis is associated with DYSPHAGIA; NECK PAIN; bone pain; DYSPNEA; and NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS.		05.84170
Acute Kidney Failure
[description not available]		05.66260
Acute Kidney Injury
Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.		05.66260
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
[description not available]		02.9430
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1, RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.		02.9430
Besnoitiasis
[description not available]		02.4110
Germinoblastoma
[description not available]		05.5380
Lymphoma
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.		05.5380
Alveolitis, Fibrosing
[description not available]		05.55220
Pulmonary Fibrosis
A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.		05.55220
Heart Disease, Ischemic
[description not available]		09.82411
Myocardial Ischemia
A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).		09.82411
Rodent Diseases
Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).		02.7620
Azoospermia
A condition of having no sperm present in the ejaculate (SEMEN).		07.6120
Cystic Echinococcosis
[description not available]		02.4110
Dental Fluoroses
[description not available]		02.4110
Fluorosis, Dental
A chronic endemic form of hypoplasia of the dental enamel caused by drinking water with a high fluorine content during the time of tooth formation, and characterized by defective calcification that gives a white chalky appearance to the enamel, which gradually undergoes brown discoloration. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)		02.4110
Arthritis, Degenerative
[description not available]		09.89302
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.		111.89302
Altitude Hypoxia
Low ambient oxygen tension associated with ALTITUDE.		08.9640
Altitude Sickness
Multiple symptoms associated with reduced oxygen at high ALTITUDE.		03.9640
Adenoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		03.6180
Adenoma
A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		03.6180
Hepatitis B Virus Infection
[description not available]		02.6120
Hepatitis B
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.		07.6120
Muscular Dystrophy
[description not available]		04.2431
Muscular Dystrophies
A heterogeneous group of inherited MYOPATHIES, characterized by wasting and weakness of the SKELETAL MUSCLE. They are categorized by the sites of MUSCLE WEAKNESS; AGE OF ONSET; and INHERITANCE PATTERNS.		09.2431
Aneurysm, Anterior Cerebral Artery
[description not available]		02.4110
Intracranial Aneurysm
Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (		02.4110
American Trypanosomiasis
[description not available]		04.2750
Chagas Disease
Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.		09.2750
Injuries, Soft Tissue
[description not available]		02.7220
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		07.09290
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		07.09290
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		07.47500
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		07.47500
Colitis Gravis
[description not available]		08152
Colitis, Ulcerative
Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.		08152
Lung Adenocarcinoma
[description not available]		03.93110
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer.		03.93110
Ischemia
A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.		05.99230
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell of Head and Neck
[description not available]		07.08161
Cancer of Head
[description not available]		07.71231
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH; PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer.		07.08161
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)		07.71231
Asialia
[description not available]		02.4110
Xerostomia
Decreased salivary flow.		02.4110
Depression, Involutional
Form of depression in those MIDDLE AGE with feelings of ANXIETY.		02.4110
Depressive Disorder, Major
Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5)		02.4110
Bile Duct Obstruction, Intrahepatic
[description not available]		02.6120
Complications, Pregnancy
[description not available]		04.5540
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic
Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC).		02.6120
Intertrochanteric Fractures
[description not available]		02.610
Hip Fractures
Fractures of the FEMUR HEAD; the FEMUR NECK; (FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES); the trochanters; or the inter- or subtrochanteric region. Excludes fractures of the acetabulum and fractures of the femoral shaft below the subtrochanteric region (FEMORAL FRACTURES).		02.610
Bleeding
[description not available]		05.35121
Hemorrhagic Shock
[description not available]		05.63160
Hemorrhage
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.		05.35121
Carbohydrate-Deficient Glycoprotein Syndrome
[description not available]		02.4110
Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation
A genetically heterogeneous group of heritable disorders resulting from defects in protein N-glycosylation.		02.4110
Genome Instability
[description not available]		05.490
Nearsightedness
[description not available]		03.0730
Myopia
A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.		08.0730
Sicca Syndrome
[description not available]		02.4110
Sjogren's Syndrome
Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.		02.4110
Cornea Injuries
[description not available]		02.7620
Acute Pain
Intensely discomforting, distressful, or agonizing sensation associated with trauma or disease, with well-defined location, character, and timing.		02.5520
Corneal Injuries
Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external means.		02.7620
Gout
Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.		09.0640
Peripheral Arterial Diseases
[description not available]		06.3241
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less.		18.3241
Break-Bone Fever
[description not available]		03.1440
Dengue
An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.		03.1440
Alveolar Bone Atrophy
[description not available]		03.85100
Anemia
A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.		02.5120
Chronic Lung Injury
[description not available]		010.24170
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies
Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance.		06.26210
Infection, Wound
[description not available]		02.4110
Acetyl-CoA:alpha-Glucosaminide N-Acetyltransferase Deficiency
[description not available]		02.610
Mucopolysaccharidosis III
Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a deficiency of a different enzyme.		02.610
Post-Natal Depression
[description not available]		02.610
Depression, Postpartum
Depression in POSTPARTUM WOMEN, usually within four weeks after giving birth (PARTURITION). The degree of depression ranges from mild transient depression to neurotic or psychotic depressive disorders. (From DSM-IV, p386)		02.610
Diseases, Metabolic
[description not available]		09.91310
Metabolic Diseases
Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed)		09.91310
Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis
[description not available]		04.12130
Pre-Eclampsia
A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.		04.12130
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic
[description not available]		09.05332
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.		111.05332
Pulsatile Tinnitus
[description not available]		04.0290
Tinnitus
A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking, pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and other conditions.		04.0290
Alcoholic Liver Diseases
[description not available]		05.9140
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic
Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS.		05.9140
Amnesia-Memory Loss
[description not available]		05.4650
Amnesia
Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)		05.4650
Epileptiform Neuralgia
[description not available]		03.5360
Trigeminal Neuralgia
A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187)		03.5360
Swine Diseases
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.		03.5460
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic
[description not available]		05.42120
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease
[description not available]		04.5460
Lung Diseases, Interstitial
A diverse group of lung diseases that affect the lung parenchyma. They are characterized by an initial inflammation of PULMONARY ALVEOLI that extends to the interstitium and beyond leading to diffuse PULMONARY FIBROSIS. Interstitial lung diseases are classified by their etiology (known or unknown causes), and radiological-pathological features.		04.5460
Acinetobacter Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus ACINETOBACTER.		04.7211
ADDH
[description not available]		05.6322
Bleb
[description not available]		04.7211
Clostridioides difficile Infection
[description not available]		04.7211
Lassitude
[description not available]		07.97111
Graft-Versus-Host Disease
[description not available]		04.7211
Infections, Klebsiella
[description not available]		05.0221
Eperythrozoonosis
[description not available]		04.7211
Paratyphoid Fever
A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by several Paratyphi serotypes of SALMONELLA ENTERICA. It is similar to TYPHOID FEVER but less severe.		04.7211
Symptom Cluster
[description not available]		04.7211
Alcohol Drinking
Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking.		010.03302
Anorexia
The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA.		05.0631
Anxiety
Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.		08152
Asthenia
Clinical sign or symptom manifested as debility, or lack or loss of strength and energy.		04.7211
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V)		05.6322
Clostridium Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species.		04.7211
Fatigue
The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.		07.97111
Graft vs Host Disease
The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.		04.7211
Klebsiella Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.		05.0221
Syndrome
A characteristic symptom complex.		04.7211
Urinary Tract Infections
Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.		04.7211
Suicidal Ideation
A risk factor for suicide attempts and completions, it is the most common of all suicidal behavior, but only a minority of ideators engage in overt self-harm.		04.7211
Ankylosing Spondylarthritis
[description not available]		02.610
Spondylitis, Ankylosing
A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.		02.610
Aneurysm, Aortic
[description not available]		02.9130
Marfan Syndrome, Type I
[description not available]		03.8230
Aortic Aneurysm
An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA.		02.9130
Aortic Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA.		02.9740
Marfan Syndrome
An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton. Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE, dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome (type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome type 2.		03.8230
Injuries, Radiation
[description not available]		05.1290
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
[description not available]		02.610
Myositis
Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.		02.610
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
[description not available]		06.25170
Asymmetric Diabetic Proximal Motor Neuropathy
[description not available]		06.36130
Diabetic Neuropathies
Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)		06.36130
Anemia, Cooley's
[description not available]		05.9242
beta-Thalassemia
A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major, Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia), which can result in severe complications and even death, hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.		010.9242
Lymphangiomyomatosis
[description not available]		02.8530
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
A disease characterized by the progressive invasion of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS into the LYMPHATIC VESSELS, and the BLOOD VESSELS. The majority of the cases occur in the LUNGS of women of child-bearing age, eventually blocking the flow of air, blood, and lymph. The common symptom is shortness of breath (DYSPNEA).		19.8530
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
[description not available]		04.3360
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.		04.3360
Brain Disorders
[description not available]		03.520
Brain Diseases
Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.		03.520
Hyperammonemia
Elevated level of AMMONIA in the blood. It is a sign of defective CATABOLISM of AMINO ACIDS or ammonia to UREA.		07.610
Brain Inflammation
[description not available]		013.43191
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.		08.43191
Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei
[description not available]		03.3660
Hematoma
A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.		02.610
Gulf War Syndrome
[description not available]		08.8754
Persian Gulf Syndrome
Unexplained symptoms reported by veterans of the Persian Gulf War with Iraq in 1991. The symptoms reported include fatigue, skin rash, muscle and joint pain, headaches, loss of memory, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms, and extreme sensitivity to commonly occurring chemicals. (Nature 1994 May 5;369(6475):8)		08.8754
Sepsis Associated Delirium
[description not available]		02.9330
Sterility, Female
[description not available]		05.7261
Infertility, Female
Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.		05.7261
Amentia
[description not available]		08.8101
Dementia
An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.		013.8101
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular
[description not available]		05.94221
Brucella Infection
[description not available]		02.610
Brucellosis
Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.		02.610
Diabetic Feet
[description not available]		04.2631
Diabetic Foot
Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and AMPUTATION.		04.2631
Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
[description not available]		07.6120
Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative
Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes.		02.6120
Liver Steatosis
[description not available]		010.59433
Fatty Liver
Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.		010.59433
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
[description not available]		05.82320
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.		05.82320
Malignant Hypertension
[description not available]		07.7620
Hypertension, Malignant
A condition of markedly elevated BLOOD PRESSURE with DIASTOLIC PRESSURE usually greater than 120 mm Hg. Malignant hypertension is characterized by widespread vascular damage, PAPILLEDEMA, retinopathy, HYPERTENSIVE ENCEPHALOPATHY, and renal dysfunction.		02.7620
Attachment Loss, Periodontal
[description not available]		03.9911
Adult Periodontitis
[description not available]		04.622
Dry Eye
[description not available]		03.930
Dry Eye Syndromes
Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.		03.930
Cerebral Palsy, Athetoid
[description not available]		03.9320
Cerebral Palsy
A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)		08.9320
Hyperoxia
An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.		05.1591
chronic COVID syndrome
[description not available]		03.5210
Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome
[description not available]		02.8230
Demyelinating Diseases
Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system.		02.8230
Anterior Optic Neuritis
[description not available]		02.5220
Optic Neuritis
Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis).		02.5220
Hypertrophy
General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).		04.05130
Bovine Diseases
[description not available]		02.610
Mastitis
INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.		07.6620
Nerve Pain
[description not available]		04.01120
Neuralgia
Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.		09.01120
Canine Diseases
[description not available]		02.930
Bone Cancer
[description not available]		05.24170
Osteogenic Sarcoma
[description not available]		04.98130
Bone Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.		05.24170
Osteosarcoma
A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		04.98130
Viral Diseases
[description not available]		05.4150
Virus Diseases
A general term for diseases caused by viruses.		05.4150
Acute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
[description not available]		03.3650
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month.		03.3650
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis
[description not available]		02.5720
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.		07.5720
Acute Ischemic Stroke
[description not available]		04.3240
Ischemic Stroke
Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin.		04.3240
Kidney Stones
[description not available]		08.1140
Kidney Calculi
Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.		03.1140
Dementia Praecox
[description not available]		06.3462
Schizophrenia
A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.		18.3462
Animal Mammary Carcinoma
[description not available]		03.3260
Aging, Premature
Changes in the organism associated with senescence, occurring at an accelerated rate.		02.5820
Kahler Disease
[description not available]		08181
Multiple Myeloma
A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		08181
Salmonella Infections, Animal
Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.		02.610
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.		03.620
Gouty Arthritis
[description not available]		03.140
Arthritis, Gouty
Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma, infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.		03.140
Giardia duodenalis Infection
[description not available]		02.610
Giardiasis
An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact.		02.610
Shingles
[description not available]		02.610
Herpes Zoster
An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		02.610
Sclerosis, Systemic
[description not available]		04.650
Scleroderma, Systemic
A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.		04.650
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
[description not available]		03.2650
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.		03.2650
Dementias, Transmissible
[description not available]		02.6320
Elevated Cholesterol
[description not available]		07.44242
Hypercholesterolemia
A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.		19.44242
Pterygium
An abnormal triangular fold of membrane in the interpalpebral fissure, extending from the conjunctiva to the cornea, being immovably united to the cornea at its apex, firmly attached to the sclera throughout its middle portion, and merged with the conjunctiva at its base. (Dorland, 27th ed)		07.610
Joint Pain
[description not available]		04.0721
Arthralgia
Pain in the joint.		04.0721
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		010.36460
Maternal Obesity
[description not available]		04.4230
Fetal Growth Restriction
[description not available]		05.32110
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		010.36460
Fetal Growth Retardation
Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.		05.32110
Allergic Rhinitis
[description not available]		06.8442
Rhinitis, Allergic
An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by ALLERGENS.		06.8442
Allergy, Food
[description not available]		04.4640
Food Hypersensitivity
Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.		04.4640
Endotoxin Shock
[description not available]		02.5520
Shock, Septic
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.		02.5520
Infections, Pseudomonas
[description not available]		03.0440
Pseudomonas Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.		03.0440
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary
[description not available]		08.37144
Coronary Artery Disease
Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.		08.37144
Ureteral Obstruction
Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.		03.3760
Prediabetes
[description not available]		04.2631
Prediabetic State
The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		04.2631
Body Weight, Fetal
[description not available]		02.5320
Placental Insufficiency
Failure of the PLACENTA to deliver an adequate supply of nutrients and OXYGEN to the FETUS.		02.2110
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic
[description not available]		04.09140
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.		04.09140
Critical Illness
A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.		03.1710
Capsule Opacification
Clouding or loss of transparency of the posterior lens capsule, usually following CATARACT extraction.		07.2110
Cardiac Rupture, Traumatic
[description not available]		02.930
Visceral Pain
Pain originating from internal organs (VISCERA) associated with autonomic phenomena (PALLOR; SWEATING; NAUSEA; and VOMITING). It often becomes a REFERRED PAIN.		07.2110
Thyroid Diseases
Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.		04.0220
Drug Overdose
Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.		02.5720
Acute Rheumatic Fever
[description not available]		02.5220
Fasting Hypoglycemia
HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast.		02.5520
Hypoglycemia
A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH.		07.5520
Friedreich Disease
[description not available]		05.1631
Friedreich Ataxia
An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine, rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure (secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness. Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)		17.1631
Biliary Tract Cancer
[description not available]		02.2110
Opisthorchis felineus Infection
[description not available]		02.2110
Biliary Tract Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer in the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.		02.2110
Opisthorchiasis
Infection with flukes of the genus Opisthorchis.		07.2110
Experimental Radiation Injuries
[description not available]		04.35180
Bronchiolitis, Exudative
[description not available]		02.2110
Complication, Postoperative
[description not available]		07.72135
Bronchiolitis Obliterans
Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES leading to an obstructive lung disease. Bronchioles are characterized by fibrous granulation tissue with bronchial exudates in the lumens. Clinical features include a nonproductive cough and DYSPNEA.		02.2110
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.		07.72135
Atrophy, Muscular, Peroneal
[description not available]		02.2510
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy transmitted most often as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by progressive distal wasting and loss of reflexes in the muscles of the legs (and occasionally involving the arms). Onset is usually in the second to fourth decade of life. This condition has been divided into two subtypes, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) types I and II. HMSN I is associated with abnormal nerve conduction velocities and nerve hypertrophy, features not seen in HMSN II. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)		02.2510
Carditis
[description not available]		03.3360
Myocarditis
Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.		03.3360
Exertional Heat Illness
[description not available]		03.1140
Aortic Stenosis
[description not available]		03.4420
Aortic Valve Stenosis
A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.		03.4420
Acute Onset Vascular Dementia
[description not available]		03.5370
Dementia, Vascular
An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION (single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)		03.5370
Schistosoma japonicum Infection
[description not available]		07.5320
Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning
Poisoning that results from ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of CARBON TETRACHLORIDE.		02.7830
Libman-Sacks Disease
[description not available]		03.2650
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.		03.2650
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms
[description not available]		05.52250
Decreased Muscle Tone
[description not available]		02.3110
Mental Retardation, X-Linked
A class of genetic disorders resulting in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY that is associated either with mutations of GENES located on the X CHROMOSOME or aberrations in the structure of the X chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS).		02.3110
Sinus Infections
[description not available]		03.0840
Nasal Polyps
Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.		07.8330
Sinusitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.		08.0840
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
A progressive rare pulmonary disease characterized by high blood pressure in the PULMONARY ARTERY.		04.2950
Cardiomyopathies, Primary
[description not available]		05.75180
Cardiomyopathies
A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).		05.75180
Eye Burns
Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat, chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.		02.8830
Equine Diseases
[description not available]		04.6151
Fibrosis, Radiation
[description not available]		02.6320
Radiation Pneumonitis
Inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.		02.6320
Disease Exacerbation
[description not available]		08.66420
Pigmentary Retinopathy
[description not available]		02.2110
Retinitis Pigmentosa
Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of pigment in the retina.		02.2110
Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling
[description not available]		09.0340
Bruise
[description not available]		02.2510
Contusions
Injuries resulting in hemorrhage, usually manifested in the skin.		02.2510
Heavy Metal Poisoning
Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of HEAVY METALS. Acute and chronic exposures can cause ANEMIA; KIDNEY and LIVER damage; PULMONARY EDEMA; MEMORY LOSS and behavioral changes; bone deformities in children; and MISCARRIAGE or PREMATURE LABOR in pregnant women.		03.5720
Necrosis
The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.		04.79290
Hypomenorrhea
[description not available]		02.2510
Gestational Hypertension
[description not available]		03.1710
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced
A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic (		03.1710
Uremia
A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.		02.5520
Facial Dermatoses
Skin diseases involving the FACE.		03.9321
Cancer-Associated Pain
[description not available]		02.8930
Cancer Pain
Pain that may be caused by or related to cellular, tissue, and systemic changes that occur during NEOPLASM growth, tissue invasion, and METASTASIS.		02.8930
Local Neoplasm Recurrence
[description not available]		07.3795
Nervous System Disorders
[description not available]		04.7340
Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.		04.7340
Glaucoma, Suspect
[description not available]		02.8730
Intraocular Pressure
The pressure of the fluids in the eye.		03.5170
Ocular Hypertension
A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma.		02.8730
Biliary Cirrhosis
[description not available]		02.4820
Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary
FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes.		02.4820
Alcohol Abuse
[description not available]		04.3440
Alcoholism
A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)		04.3440
Human Trichinellosis
[description not available]		02.2510
Trichinellosis
An infection with TRICHINELLA. It is caused by eating raw or undercooked meat that is infected with larvae of nematode worms TRICHINELLA genus. All members of the TRICHINELLA genus can infect human in addition to TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS, the traditional etiological agent. It is distributed throughout much of the world and is re-emerging in some parts as a public health hazard and a food safety problem.		02.2510
Bisphosphonate Osteonecrosis
[description not available]		02.2510
Aseptic Necrosis of Bone
[description not available]		02.2510
Osteonecrosis
Death of a bone or part of a bone, either atraumatic or posttraumatic.		07.2510
Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism
[description not available]		03.5370
Parkinson Disease, Secondary
Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)		03.5370
Arrhythmia
[description not available]		04.1140
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.		04.1140
Anoxia, Brain
[description not available]		03.1550
Ascites
Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity.		07.2510
Impaired Glucose Tolerance
[description not available]		011.75121
Glucose Intolerance
A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or 90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other diseases and MALNUTRITION.		011.75121
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
The hindering of output from the STOMACH into the SMALL INTESTINE. This obstruction may be of mechanical or functional origin such as EDEMA from PEPTIC ULCER; NEOPLASMS; FOREIGN BODIES; or AGING.		03.4211
Morbid Obesity
[description not available]		05.8664
Leanness
[description not available]		05.0431
Thrombopenia
[description not available]		03.8721
Cancer of the Urinary Tract
[description not available]		03.4211
Anemia, Splenic
[description not available]		03.4211
Infection, Postoperative Wound
[description not available]		03.4211
Obesity, Morbid
The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2.		05.8664
Thrombocytopenia
A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.		08.8721
Aortic Dissection
[description not available]		07.2510
Central Nervous System Disease
[description not available]		04.1450
Central Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.		04.1450
Encephalopathy, Hepatic
[description not available]		0421
Atrophy
Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.		02.7930
Hepatic Encephalopathy
A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)		0421
Brain Swelling
[description not available]		03.6480
Brain Edema
Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)		03.6480
Moniliasis, Oral
[description not available]		02.2510
Candidiasis, Oral
Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.2510
Infections, Coronavirus
[description not available]		0570
Pneumonia, Viral
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.		04.8960
Coronavirus Infections
Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).		0570
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Obstructive
[description not available]		02.2510
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic
A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).		02.2510
Metaplasia
A condition in which there is a change of one adult cell type to another similar adult cell type.		02.8330
Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic
[description not available]		02.5220
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.		02.5220
Choline Deficiency
A condition produced by a deficiency of CHOLINE in animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined deficiency of choline (included in the B vitamin complex) and all other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals. Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)		02.8430
Wasting Disease
[description not available]		02.7830
Cachexia
General ill health, malnutrition, and weight loss, usually associated with chronic disease.		03.3360
Constriction, Pathological
[description not available]		03.9440
Constriction, Pathologic
The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.		03.9440
Erythrocytosis
[description not available]		03.4820
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy
[description not available]		02.5520
Keloid
A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar (CICATRIX, HYPERTROPHIC) in that the former does not spread to surrounding tissues.		07.2510
Anorexia Nervosa
An eating disorder that is characterized by the lack or loss of APPETITE, known as ANOREXIA. Other features include excess fear of becoming OVERWEIGHT; BODY IMAGE disturbance; significant WEIGHT LOSS; refusal to maintain minimal normal weight; and AMENORRHEA. This disorder occurs most frequently in adolescent females. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)		02.2510
Hepatitis
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.		02.8330
Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer
[description not available]		02.2510
Crush Fractures
[description not available]		02.2510
Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Virus
[description not available]		04.5180
Communicable Diseases, Emerging
Infectious diseases that are novel in their outbreak ranges (geographic and host) or transmission mode.		03.1710
Grippe
[description not available]		03.4820
Influenza, Human
An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.		03.4820
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
Pneumovirus infections caused by the RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have been reported.		04.5180
Congestive Ophthalmopathy
[description not available]		03.4820
Graves Ophthalmopathy
An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive (inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic (swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.		03.4820
Experimental Hepatoma
[description not available]		04.01130
Toxoplasmosis, Animal
Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms of the genus TOXOPLASMA.		03.0540
Rotavirus Infections
Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.		02.8930
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.		03.0440
Cancer of Nasopharynx
[description not available]		03.5980
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.		03.5980
Epiphora
[description not available]		02.3110
Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases
Diseases of the LACRIMAL APPARATUS.		02.3110
Granulocytic Leukemia
[description not available]		03.1550
Leukemia, Myeloid
Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.		03.1550
Respiratory Syndrome, Acute, Severe
[description not available]		02.2510
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.		14.6620
Cytokine Release Syndrome
A severe immune reaction characterized by excessive release of CYTOKINES. Symptoms include DYSPNEA; FEVER; HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION; NAUSEA; RASH; TACHYCARDIA; HYPOXIA; HYPERFERRITINEMIA, and MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE. It is associated with viral infections, SEPSIS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES and a variety of factors used in IMMUNOTHERAPY.		02.2510
Carotid Arteriopathies, Traumatic
[description not available]		03.4870
Vascular Injuries
[description not available]		02.8230
Mucopolysaccharidosis
[description not available]		08.1710
Mucopolysaccharidoses
Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical severity within one enzyme deficiency.		03.1710
Menopause
The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.		013.4163
Carcinoma, Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		02.6120
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA).		02.6120
Cicatrix, Hypertrophic
An elevated scar, resembling a KELOID, but which does not spread into surrounding tissues. It is formed by enlargement and overgrowth of cicatricial tissue and regresses spontaneously.		02.8330
Blunt Injuries
[description not available]		03.140
Central Nervous System Neoplasm
[description not available]		03.2310
Central Nervous System Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.		03.2310
Wet Macular Degeneration
A form of RETINAL DEGENERATION in which abnormal CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION occurs under the RETINA and MACULA LUTEA, causing bleeding and leaking of fluid. This leads to bulging and or lifting of the macula and the distortion or destruction of central vision.		02.2510
Chronic Hepatitis B
[description not available]		02.3110
Protein Folding Diseases
[description not available]		02.5920
Hepatitis B, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.		02.3110
Hypomania
[description not available]		02.3110
Cancer of Intestines
[description not available]		03.3160
Intestinal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.		03.3160
Argininosuccinate Synthase Deficiency Disease
[description not available]		02.7220
Citrullinemia
A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an elevation of serum levels of CITRULLINE. In neonates, clinical manifestations include lethargy, hypotonia, and SEIZURES. Milder forms also occur. Childhood and adult forms may present with recurrent episodes of intermittent weakness, lethargy, ATAXIA, behavioral changes, and DYSARTHRIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p49)		02.7220
Cafe-au-Lait Spots with Pulmonic Stenosis
[description not available]		02.6120
Neurofibromatosis 1
An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras (RAS PROTEINS).		02.6120
Muscular Weakness
[description not available]		04.2131
Muscle Weakness
A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)		04.2131
HPV Infection
[description not available]		02.8530
Papillomavirus Infections
Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.		02.8530
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative
[description not available]		02.5820
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.		02.5820
Muscle Relaxation
That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.		04.2160
Anesthesia
A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.		03.0240
Central Hypothyroidism
[description not available]		03.0740
Hypothyroidism
A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.		03.0740
Aseptic Necrosis of Femur Head
[description not available]		02.5920
Carcinoma, Anaplastic
[description not available]		04.49220
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.		04.49220
Burns, Chemical
Burns caused by contact with or exposure to CAUSTICS or strong ACIDS.		02.7930
Corneal Angiogenesis
[description not available]		02.5520
Corneal Neovascularization
New blood vessels originating from the corneal blood vessels and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.		07.5520
Eye Disorders
[description not available]		0540
Eye Diseases
Diseases affecting the eye.		0540
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease
[description not available]		04.4170
Parkinsonian Disorders
A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.		04.4170
Anaphylactic Reaction
[description not available]		02.8430
Anaphylaxis
An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.		07.8430
Fungal Diseases
[description not available]		03.5720
Mycoses
Diseases caused by FUNGI.		03.5720
Hemostatic Disorders
Pathological processes involving the integrity of blood circulation. Hemostasis depends on the integrity of BLOOD VESSELS, blood fluidity, and BLOOD COAGULATION. Majority of the hemostatic disorders are caused by disruption of the normal interaction between the VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM, the plasma proteins (including BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS), and PLATELETS.		08.2310
Ovarian Diseases
Pathological processes of the OVARY.		04.8440
Abdominal Cryptorchidism
[description not available]		02.5820
BH4 Deficiency
[description not available]		02.3110
Phenylketonurias
A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE (i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p952).		02.3110
Alopecia Cicatrisata
[description not available]		03.711
Alopecia
Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.		03.711
Hyperandrogenism
A condition caused by the excessive secretion of ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES. The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL HYPERFUNCTION.		010.0221
Athletic Injuries
Injuries incurred during participation in competitive or non-competitive sports.		03.2310
Kidney Failure
A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.		03.7630
Renal Insufficiency
Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.		03.7630
Postoperative Cognitive Complications
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT or functional decline after a surgical procedure.		02.3110
Luft Disease
[description not available]		03.711
Mitochondrial Myopathies
A group of muscle diseases associated with abnormal mitochondria function.		03.711
Cicatrization
The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries.		04.0240
Cicatrix
The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.		04.0240
Endomyometritis
Inflammation of both the ENDOMETRIUM and the MYOMETRIUM, usually caused by infections after a CESAREAN SECTION.		02.3110
Endometritis
Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.		07.3110
Aortic Aneurysm, Ruptured
[description not available]		02.3110
Gastric Diseases
[description not available]		02.4110
Keratitis
Inflammation of the cornea.		02.5520
Poisoning, Lead
[description not available]		02.5820
Lead Poisoning
Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of LEAD or lead compounds.		02.5820
Cancer of the Tongue
[description not available]		03.4470
Tongue Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.		03.4470
Becker Muscular Dystrophy
[description not available]		04.8970
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration. Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415)		04.8970
Atrioventricular Nodal Re-Entrant Tachycardia
[description not available]		03.8740
Ventricular Fibrillation
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.		04.260
Tachycardia, Ventricular
An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).		03.8740
Right Ventricular Dysfunction
[description not available]		02.3110
Abnormal Movements
[description not available]		02.8530
ADPKD
[description not available]		03.7730
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant
Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with progressive deterioration of renal function.		03.7730
Bilateral Wilms Tumor
[description not available]		02.3110
Wilms Tumor
A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.		02.3110
Anaplastic Astrocytoma
[description not available]		03.3160
Astrocytoma
Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)		08.3160
Acoustic Trauma
Usually refer to hearing loss due to a single noise event such as an explosion or shotgun blast.		04.7360
Cochlear Hearing Loss
[description not available]		04.2960
Inadequate Sleep
[description not available]		03.520
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced
Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz.		04.7360
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.		04.2960
Acne
[description not available]		05.5451
Acne Vulgaris
A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors.		010.5451
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		07.4110
Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous
A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin. MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES; SEZARY SYNDROME; LYMPHOMATOID PAPULOSIS; and PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA are the best characterized of these disorders.		02.4110
Glucose Metabolic Disorder
[description not available]		05.1131
Co-infection
[description not available]		02.3110
Astrocytosis
[description not available]		03.9540
Autosomal Dominant Striatonigral Degeneration
[description not available]		03.0940
Machado-Joseph Disease
A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia, DYSARTHRIA, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction, and facial FASCICULATIONS. DYSTONIA is prominent in younger patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features MUSCULAR ATROPHY and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy. (From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998 Mar;43(3):288-96)		03.0940
Edema, Pulmonary
[description not available]		03.6930
Pulmonary Edema
Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.		03.6930
Motor Disorders
Motor skills deficits that significantly and persistently interfere with ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING appropriate to chronological age. (from DSM-5)		02.1510
Albuminuria
The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.		010.1731
Adrenal Cancer
[description not available]		02.1510
Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal
[description not available]		02.1510
Pheochromocytoma
A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298)		02.1510
Rheumatism
[description not available]		03.8920
Rheumatic Diseases
Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement.		03.8920
Abnormalities, Autosome
[description not available]		03.92120
Developmental Psychomotor Disorders
[description not available]		02.1510
Nerve Degeneration
Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.		07.01270
Electrocardiogram QT Prolonged
[description not available]		02.7830
Long QT Syndrome
A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.		07.7830
Cerebromeningitis
[description not available]		02.1510
Angiostrongylus Infections
[description not available]		02.1510
Cholera Infantum
[description not available]		05.131
Osteolysis
Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium.		02.5420
Prosthesis Durability
[description not available]		02.1510
Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis
[description not available]		09.2260
Asphyxia Neonatorum
Respiratory failure in the newborn. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.1510
Chondrosarcoma
A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed)		03.0240
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Toxic asphyxiation due to the displacement of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin by carbon monoxide.		02.5420
Palsy
[description not available]		02.5420
Paralysis
A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)		07.5420
Cognition Disorders
Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.		010.97315
Birth Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		02.1710
Bladder, Overactive
[description not available]		02.8330
Urinary Bladder, Overactive
Symptom of overactive detrusor muscle of the URINARY BLADDER that contracts with abnormally high frequency and urgency. Overactive bladder is characterized by the frequent feeling of needing to urinate during the day, during the night, or both. URINARY INCONTINENCE may or may not be present.		02.8330
Chronic Liver Failure
[description not available]		02.1510
End Stage Liver Disease
Final stage of a liver disease when the liver failure is irreversible and LIVER TRANSPLANTATION is needed.		02.1510
Chest Injuries
[description not available]		02.5820
Mucositis, Oral
[description not available]		02.1710
Stomatitis
INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.		02.1710
Vitiligo
A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached.		07.5220
Acidemia Propionic
[description not available]		02.5220
Propionic Acidemia
Autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in PROPIONYL-COA CARBOXYLASE genes that result in dysfunction of branch chain amino acids and of the metabolism of certain fatty acids. Neonatal clinical onset is characterized by severe metabolic acidemia accompanied by hyperammonemia, HYPERGLYCEMIA, lethargy, vomiting, HYPOTONIA; and HEPATOMEGALY. Survivors of the neonatal onset propionic acidemia often show developmental retardation, and intolerance to dietary proteins. Late-onset form of the disease shows mild mental and/or developmental retardation, sometimes without metabolic acidemia.		02.5220
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
[description not available]		07.5820
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental
A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.		02.5820
Labor, Premature
[description not available]		02.1510
MODS
[description not available]		02.1510
Multiple Organ Failure
A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.		02.1510
Alcoholic Fatty Liver
[description not available]		04.2560
Long Sleeper Syndrome
[description not available]		05.7521
Sleep Wake Disorders
Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated with the CIRCADIAN RHYTHM which affect the length, timing, and/or rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle.		05.7521
Aujeszky Disease
[description not available]		02.5720
Cancer of Larynx
[description not available]		02.7430
Laryngeal Neoplasms
Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.		02.7430
Interstitial Nephritis
[description not available]		02.1510
Nephritis, Interstitial
Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.		02.1510
Dermatitis
Any inflammation of the skin.		03.0610
Diseases of Immune System
[description not available]		03.0610
Infection
[description not available]		03.0610
Immune System Diseases
Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.		03.0610
Infections
Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.		03.0610
Non-communicable Chronic Diseases
[description not available]		03.0910
Dental Occlusion, Traumatic
An occlusion resulting in overstrain and injury to teeth, periodontal tissue, or other oral structures.		02.1710
Extranodal NK-T-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.1510
Glomerulonephritis, Lupus
[description not available]		02.1510
Enlarged Spleen
[description not available]		02.1510
Lupus Nephritis
Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).		02.1510
Tetraploid
[description not available]		02.5220
Retinal Degeneration
A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304)		08.250
Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes
[description not available]		02.1510
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.		02.1510
Haemophilus Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.		02.5320
Ewing Sarcoma
[description not available]		03.4820
Sarcoma, Ewing
A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones. The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as frequently in males as in females.		03.4820
Cancer of Rectum
[description not available]		02.1510
Rectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.		14.1510
Auricular Fibrillation
[description not available]		04.9170
Atrial Fibrillation
Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.		04.9170
Sore Throat
[description not available]		02.1710
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).		07.1710
Urinary Tract Diseases
[description not available]		02.1710
Prostatic Diseases
Pathological processes involving the PROSTATE or its component tissues.		02.1710
Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome, Hereditary
[description not available]		03.7430
Cocaine Abuse
[description not available]		02.1510
Cocaine-Related Disorders
Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine.		02.1510
Chronic Pancreatitis
[description not available]		07.1710
Pancreatitis, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS that is characterized by recurring or persistent ABDOMINAL PAIN with or without STEATORRHEA or DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the irregular destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma which may be focal, segmental, or diffuse.		02.1710
Chloasma
[description not available]		0421
Neurocutaneous Disorders
[description not available]		02.1710
Melanosis
Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease.		0421
Experimental Lung Inflammation
Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.		07.19121
Pneumonia
Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.		012.19121
Bone Diseases
Diseases of BONES.		03.4820
Autosomal Dominant Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
[description not available]		03.5611
Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary
A group of inherited diseases that share similar phenotypes but are genetically diverse. Different genetic loci for autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and x-linked forms of hereditary spastic paraplegia have been identified. Clinically, patients present with slowly progressive distal limb weakness and lower extremity spasticity. Peripheral sensory neurons may be affected in the later stages of the disease. (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Jan;64(1):61-6; Curr Opin Neurol 1997 Aug;10(4):313-8)		03.5611
Angiosarcoma
[description not available]		07.1710
Hemangiosarcoma
A rare malignant neoplasm characterized by rapidly proliferating, extensively infiltrating, anaplastic cells derived from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled or lumpy spaces. (Stedman, 25th ed)		07.1710
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.		06.77190
African Lymphoma
[description not available]		03.1550
Burkitt Lymphoma
A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.		03.1550
Mushroom Poisoning
Poisoning from ingestion of mushrooms, primarily from, but not restricted to, toxic varieties.		02.1710
Respiration Disorders
Diseases of the respiratory system in general or unspecified or for a specific respiratory disease not available.		03.0610
Surgical Incision
[description not available]		02.1710
Chromosomal Instability
An increased tendency to acquire CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS when various processes involved in chromosome replication, repair, or segregation are dysfunctional.		07.4920
Depression, Endogenous
[description not available]		04.4470
Depressive Disorder
An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.		09.4470
Periodontitis, Acute Nonsuppurative
[description not available]		02.1710
Dental Granuloma
[description not available]		02.5820
Periapical Periodontitis
Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.		02.1710
Arterial Obstructive Diseases
[description not available]		02.520
Arterial Diseases, Carotid
[description not available]		02.8130
Arterial Occlusive Diseases
Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.		02.520
Carotid Artery Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.		02.8130
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		03.250
Bile Duct Cancer
[description not available]		02.8730
Bile Duct Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.		02.8730
Cholangiocarcinoma
A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.		03.250
Craniofacial Abnormalities
Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the cranium and facial bones.		02.1710
Abdominal Obesity
[description not available]		09.4811
Atrophic Muscular Disorders
[description not available]		02.1710
Splenic Diseases
Diseases involving the SPLEEN.		02.1710
Adiadochokinesis
[description not available]		02.1710
Cerebellar Ataxia
Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)		07.1710
Cancer of Gallbladder
[description not available]		02.4720
Gallbladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.		02.4720
Academic Disorder, Developmental
[description not available]		03.0540
Learning Disabilities
Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.		03.0540
Disc, Herniated
[description not available]		02.1710
Intervertebral Disc Displacement
An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS has protruded through surrounding ANNULUS FIBROSUS. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region.		02.1710
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.		04.78110
Cancer of Pituitary
[description not available]		02.5220
Pituitary Neoplasms
Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.		02.5220
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome, Familial Gestational Spontaneous
[description not available]		02.8330
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
A complication of OVULATION INDUCTION in infertility treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include OVARY enlargement, multiple OVARIAN FOLLICLES; OVARIAN CYSTS; ASCITES; and generalized EDEMA. The full-blown syndrome may lead to RENAL FAILURE, respiratory distress, and even DEATH. Increased capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances, such as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS, secreted by the overly-stimulated OVARIES.		02.8330
Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy
[description not available]		02.5420
Myotonic Dystrophy
Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies. Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.		07.5420
Hematologic Malignancies
[description not available]		010.1550
Hematologic Neoplasms
Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.		05.1550
Fibroid
[description not available]		02.4720
Cancer of the Uterus
[description not available]		03.1550
Leiomyoma
A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.		07.4720
Uterine Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.		03.1550
Choked Disk
[description not available]		02.1710
Papilledema
Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)		02.1710
Delayed Hypersensitivity
[description not available]		02.4620
Atrial Remodeling
Long-term changes in the electrophysiological parameters and/or anatomical structures of the HEART ATRIA that result from prolonged changes in atrial rate, often associated with ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or long periods of intense EXERCISE.		02.8230
Keratitis, Acanthamoeba
[description not available]		02.1510
Acanthamoeba Keratitis
Infection of the cornea by an ameboid protozoan which may cause corneal ulceration leading to blindness.		02.1510
Adhesions, Tissue
[description not available]		0340
Peritoneal Diseases
Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM.		04.2731
Elevated ICP (Intracranial Pressure)
[description not available]		02.1710
Intracranial Hypertension
Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders.		02.1710
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
[description not available]		08.6930
Herpes Simplex
A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)		03.6930
Proteinuria
The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.		08.1550
Coronary Heart Disease
[description not available]		08.63201
Coronary Disease
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.		08.63201
Diabetic Angiopathies
VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS.		05.42131
Hypertriglyceridemia
A condition of elevated levels of TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood.		010.0931
ACY2 Deficiency
[description not available]		02.2110
Canavan Disease
A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance. Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS, hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)		07.2110
beta-Glucuronidase Deficiency
[description not available]		02.1710
Mucopolysaccharidosis VII
Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by excessive dermatan and heparan sulfates in the urine and Hurler-like features. It is caused by a deficiency of beta-glucuronidase.		02.1710
Cold Panniculitis
[description not available]		02.1710
Staphylococcal Pneumonia
[description not available]		02.2110
Pneumonia, Staphylococcal
Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.		02.2110
Brain Vascular Disorders
[description not available]		06.5151
Cerebrovascular Disorders
A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.		06.5151
Bone Malalignment
Displacement of bones out of line in relation to joints. It may be congenital or traumatic in origin.		02.2110
Crystal Arthritis
[description not available]		02.2110
Blast Phase
[description not available]		02.2110
Blast Crisis
An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia, characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to greater than 30%.		02.2110
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive
[description not available]		02.2110
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.		02.2110
Enterocolitis
Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses.		02.1710
Segond Fracture
[description not available]		02.2110
Tibial Fractures
Fractures of the TIBIA.		02.2110
Wounds, Penetrating
Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin.		02.2110
Carotid Artery Narrowing
[description not available]		04.5751
Carotid Stenosis
Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)		04.5751
Absence Status
[description not available]		04.1150
Status Epilepticus
A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30)		04.1150
Bacteroidaceae Infections
Infections with bacteria of the family BACTEROIDACEAE.		02.2110
Parodontosis
[description not available]		03.7730
Periodontal Diseases
Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.		03.7730
Injuries
Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.		04.3970
Wounds and Injuries
Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.		04.3970
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
A chronic lung disease developed after OXYGEN INHALATION THERAPY or mechanical ventilation (VENTILATION, MECHANICAL) usually occurring in certain premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE) or newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN). Histologically, it is characterized by the unusual abnormalities of the bronchioles, such as METAPLASIA, decrease in alveolar number, and formation of CYSTS.		02.8230
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar
[description not available]		02.2110
Bipolar Disorder
A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.		02.2110
MPTP Neurotoxicity Syndrome
[description not available]		02.7830
Debility
[description not available]		03.1210
Pulmonary Consumption
[description not available]		02.2110
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.		02.2110
Angiitis
[description not available]		0340
Vasculitis
Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.		0340
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
[description not available]		02.2110
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic
Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute (affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.		02.2110
Classic Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy
[description not available]		02.2110
Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell
An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.		02.2110
Epiretinal Membrane
A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or detaching the FOVEA CENTRALIS. Epiretinal membranes may cause vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in association with RETINAL HOLES, ocular concussions, retinal inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291)		02.2110
Enterovirus Infections
Diseases caused by ENTEROVIRUS.		02.2110
Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome
A reperfusion syndrome characterized by various pathophysiological processes after CARDIAC ARREST. It may include post-cardiac arrest brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN), cardiocirculatory dysfunction, (e.g., systemic ISCHEMIA), HYPERGLYCEMIA; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE and delayed death.		02.2110
Gastric Ulcer
[description not available]		03.5480
Stomach Ulcer
Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).		03.5480
Bilharziasis
[description not available]		03.4820
Schistosomiasis
Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. Three species produce the most frequent clinical diseases: SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM (endemic in Africa and the Middle East), SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (in Egypt, northern and southern Africa, some West Indies islands, northern 2/3 of South America), and SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (in Japan, China, the Philippines, Celebes, Thailand, Laos). S. mansoni is often seen in Puerto Ricans living in the United States.		03.4820
Dehydration
The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.		04.8421
Biological Clock Disturbances
[description not available]		02.5520
Tauopathies
Neurodegenerative disorders involving deposition of abnormal tau protein isoforms (TAU PROTEINS) in neurons and glial cells in the brain. Pathological aggregations of tau proteins are associated with mutation of the tau gene on chromosome 17 in patients with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; DEMENTIA; PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS; progressive supranuclear palsy (SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE); and corticobasal degeneration.		02.2110
Airway Hyper-Responsiveness
[description not available]		02.5520
B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
[description not available]		03.1450
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease.		03.1450
Electrolytes
Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		02.7530
Pregnancy in Diabetes
[description not available]		03.6830
Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome
[description not available]		03.1950
Progeria
An abnormal congenital condition, associated with defects in the LAMIN TYPE A gene, which is characterized by premature aging in children, where all the changes of cell senescence occur. It is manifested by premature graying; hair loss; hearing loss (DEAFNESS); cataracts (CATARACT); ARTHRITIS; OSTEOPOROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; atrophy of subcutaneous fat; skeletal hypoplasia; elevated urinary HYALURONIC ACID; and accelerated ATHEROSCLEROSIS. Many affected individuals develop malignant tumors, especially SARCOMA.		03.1950
Polyploid
[description not available]		02.4920
Chromosome Deletion
Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.		02.0810
Trichomoniasis, Human
[description not available]		02.0810
Trichomonas Vaginitis
Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS.		02.0810
Cancer of the Retina
[description not available]		02.4620
Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma
[description not available]		02.4620
Retinoblastoma
A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)		07.4620
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer.		07.0810
Cancer of Esophagus
[description not available]		03.360
Esophageal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.		03.360
Binge Alcohol Consumption
[description not available]		03.8720
Disease, Pulmonary
[description not available]		06.3951
Cat Diseases
Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.		03.4711
Lung Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.		06.3951
Di Guglielmo Disease
[description not available]		02.7530
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute
A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood.		02.7530
Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction
[description not available]		02.4920
Cerebral Infarction
The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).		02.4920
Complex IV Deficiency
[description not available]		02.520
Left Ventricular Dysfunction
[description not available]		03.1550
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.		03.1550
Chromosomal Breakage
[description not available]		02.0810
Eosinophilia, Tropical
[description not available]		02.4720
Nasal Catarrh
[description not available]		02.5220
Eosinophilia
Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.		02.4720
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.		02.5220
Salivary Gland Diseases
Diseases involving the SALIVARY GLANDS.		02.4820
Genetic Diseases, X-Chromosome Linked
[description not available]		02.4920
Deficiency, Mental
[description not available]		02.4920
Gigantism
The condition of accelerated and excessive GROWTH in children or adolescents who are exposed to excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE before the closure of EPIPHYSES. It is usually caused by somatotroph hyperplasia or a GROWTH HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA. These patients are of abnormally tall stature, more than 3 standard deviations above normal mean height for age.		02.4920
Intellectual Disability
Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)		02.4920
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast
An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.		02.7430
Infections, Staphylococcal Skin
[description not available]		02.0810
Staphylococcal Skin Infections
Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		02.0810
Indigestion
[description not available]		03.4711
Dyspepsia
Impaired digestion, especially after eating.		03.4711
Ventricular Dysfunction
A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit impaired function.		02.0810
Carcinoma, Thymic
[description not available]		02.0810
Thymoma
A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g., lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.0810
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine
A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular sheets of round blue cells, granular chromatin, and an attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine tumors include carcinoids, small (oat) cell carcinomas, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)		02.0810
Neuroendocrine Tumors
Tumors whose cells possess secretory granules and originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system. Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumors include ectopic hormone production (often via APUD CELLS), the presence of tumor-associated antigens, and isozyme composition.		02.0810
Chromosomal Translocation
[description not available]		02.7430
Hepatoblastoma
A malignant neoplasm occurring in young children, primarily in the liver, composed of tissue resembling embryonal or fetal hepatic epithelium, or mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. (Stedman, 25th ed)		07.7230
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment
[description not available]		02.0810
Retinal Detachment
Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12).		07.0810
Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia
A benign form of endometrial hyperplasia with increased number of cells with atypia. The atypical cells are large and irregular and have an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. The risk of progression to endometrial carcinoma rises with the increasing degree of cell atypia.		02.110
Endometrial Hyperplasia
Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending risk of becoming malignant.		02.110
Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 Infection
[description not available]		02.4420
HTLV-I Infections
Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1.		02.4420
Infections, Vibrio
[description not available]		02.4820
Merkel Cell Cancer
[description not available]		02.110
Carcinoma, Merkel Cell
A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)		02.110
Mesothelioma
A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)		03.7190
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis
[description not available]		02.0810
Peritoneal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.		02.0810
Wallerian Degeneration
Degeneration of distal aspects of a nerve axon following injury to the cell body or proximal portion of the axon. The process is characterized by fragmentation of the axon and its MYELIN SHEATH.		03.8740
Emphysema
A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs.		07.520
Peripheral Nerve Injury
[description not available]		02.110
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.		02.110
Hypermelanosis
[description not available]		04.1831
Hyperpigmentation
Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance.		04.1831
Teratogenesis
The formation of CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES.		02.110
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.		03.1650
Calcification, Pathologic
[description not available]		02.110
Calcinosis
Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.		02.110
Lesion of Sciatic Nerve
[description not available]		02.7630
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli, Familial
[description not available]		02.7230
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli
A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected individuals by early adulthood.		02.7230
Infant, Premature, Diseases
Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.		03.0110
Genetic Predisposition
[description not available]		04.7360
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia
A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin.		04.8671
Hyperinsulinism
A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.		04.8671
Spermatic Cord Torsion
The twisting of the SPERMATIC CORD due to an anatomical abnormality that left the TESTIS mobile and dangling in the SCROTUM. The initial effect of testicular torsion is obstruction of venous return. Depending on the duration and degree of cord rotation, testicular symptoms range from EDEMA to interrupted arterial flow and testicular pain. If blood flow to testis is absent for 4 to 6 h, SPERMATOGENESIS may be permanently lost.		03.1650
Hyperlipemia
[description not available]		06.06101
Hyperlipidemias
Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.		06.06101
Experimental Spinal Cord Ischemia
[description not available]		02.7330
Cerebral Arteriosclerosis
[description not available]		02.110
Intracranial Arteriosclerosis
Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.		02.110
Anhedonia
Inability to experience pleasure due to impairment or dysfunction of normal psychological and neurobiological mechanisms. It is a symptom of many PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g., DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; and SCHIZOPHRENIA).		02.5220
Nociceptive Pain
Dull or sharp aching pain caused by stimulated NOCICEPTORS due to tissue injury, inflammation or diseases. It can be divided into somatic or tissue pain and VISCERAL PAIN.		02.8130
Carcinoma, Lewis Lung
A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.		03.5480
Colonic Polyps
Discrete tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the COLON. These POLYPS are connected to the wall of the colon either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.		02.4920
Intestinal Polyps
Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the INTESTINE. A polyp is attached to the intestinal wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.		02.4720
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer
[description not available]		02.520
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.		02.520
Thromboembolism
Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.		02.1110
Adult Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis
[description not available]		02.9940
Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses
A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent wax-like lipid materials (CEROID; LIPOFUSCIN) in neurons. There are several subtypes based on mutations of the various genes, time of disease onset, and severity of the neurological defects such as progressive DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and visual failure.		02.9940
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular
Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is often attributed to PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.		02.4820
Hay Fever
[description not available]		04.411
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal
Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.		16.411
Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease
[description not available]		05.3890
Huntington Disease
A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control; DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS; and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)		17.3890
Cleft Palate, Isolated
[description not available]		02.4620
Cleft Palate
Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion.		07.4620
Rhabdomyosarcoma
A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)		02.7630
Adult Spinal Muscular Atrophy
[description not available]		02.4720
Muscular Atrophy, Spinal
A group of disorders marked by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resulting in weakness and muscular atrophy, usually without evidence of injury to the corticospinal tracts. Diseases in this category include Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and later onset SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD, most of which are hereditary. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)		02.4720
Bacteremia
The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.		02.110
Fatty Liver with Encephalopathy
[description not available]		02.110
Chondromalacia
Softening and degeneration of the CARTILAGE.		02.110
Cartilage Diseases
Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (CARTILAGE).		02.110
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae
[description not available]		02.4620
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.		02.4620
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
[description not available]		03.0110
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.		03.0110
Cystitis
Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.		07.110
Cancer of Salivary Gland
[description not available]		02.7430
Salivary Gland Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.		02.7430
Apnea, Sleep
[description not available]		02.1110
Sleep Apnea Syndromes
Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive (see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive types.		02.1110
Diastolic Heart Failure
[description not available]		02.1110
Heart Failure, Diastolic
Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial relaxation during DIASTOLE leading to defective cardiac filling.		02.1110
Bacterial Skin Diseases
[description not available]		02.5220
Skin Diseases, Bacterial
Skin diseases caused by bacteria.		02.5220
Malignant Mesothelioma
[description not available]		02.8130
Hypopharyngeal Cancer
[description not available]		02.5120
Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the HYPOPHARYNX.		02.5120
Gastritis
Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.		07.5220
Starvation
Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed)		04.9640
Autolysis
The spontaneous disintegration of tissues or cells by the action of their own autogenous enzymes.		07.1110
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal
A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.		02.1110
Dyskinesia Syndromes
[description not available]		03.7130
Movement Disorders
Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions.		03.7130
Hymenolepiasis
Infection with tapeworms of the genus Hymenolepis.		02.1110
Affective Disorders
[description not available]		04.3520
Mood Disorders
Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.		04.3520
Acid beta-Glucosidase Deficiency
[description not available]		02.5220
Gaucher Disease
An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of neurological involvement.		02.5220
Infections, Paramyxoviridae
[description not available]		02.1110
Paramyxoviridae Infections
Infections with viruses of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; RESPIROVIRUS INFECTIONS; PNEUMOVIRUS INFECTIONS; HENIPAVIRUS INFECTIONS; AVULAVIRUS INFECTIONS; and RUBULAVIRUS INFECTIONS.		02.1110
Neoplasms, Bronchial
[description not available]		02.1110
Bronchial Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.		02.1110
Fibrosarcoma
A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)		03.360
Brain Hemorrhage
[description not available]		02.1110
Intracranial Hemorrhages
Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.		02.1110
Adenomyosis
The extension of endometrial tissue (ENDOMETRIUM) into the MYOMETRIUM. It usually occurs in women in their reproductive years and may result in a diffusely enlarged uterus with ectopic and benign endometrial glands and stroma.		07.1110
Airway Remodeling
The structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues.		02.1110
Hyperphagia
Ingestion of a greater than optimal quantity of food.		02.5120
Addison Disease and Cerebral Sclerosis
[description not available]		02.1110
Adrenoleukodystrophy
An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA; NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy. The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).		02.1110
Pancreatic Diseases
Pathological processes of the PANCREAS.		02.1110
Hypertension, Renal
Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.		02.4620
Extramembranous Glomerulopathy
[description not available]		02.1110
Glomerulonephritis, Membranous
A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane.		02.1110
Lung Injury, Ventilator-Induced
[description not available]		02.1110
Pre-Hypertension
[description not available]		02.1110
Preterm Birth
[description not available]		07.1110
Premature Birth
CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).		02.1110
Bronze Diabetes
[description not available]		02.1310
Hemochromatosis
A disorder of iron metabolism characterized by a triad of HEMOSIDEROSIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and DIABETES MELLITUS. It is caused by massive iron deposits in parenchymal cells that may develop after a prolonged increase of iron absorption. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)		02.1310
Ileal Diseases
Pathological development in the ILEUM including the ILEOCECAL VALVE.		02.4820
Balkan Endemic Nephropathy
[description not available]		02.1110
Asymptomatic Conditions
[description not available]		02.1110
Atheroma
[description not available]		04.7921
Allergy, Milk
[description not available]		02.1110
Milk Hypersensitivity
Allergic reaction to milk (usually cow's milk) or milk products. MILK HYPERSENSITIVITY should be differentiated from LACTOSE INTOLERANCE, an intolerance to milk as a result of congenital deficiency of lactase.		02.1110
Methemoglobinemia
The presence of methemoglobin in the blood, resulting in cyanosis. A small amount of methemoglobin is present in the blood normally, but injury or toxic agents convert a larger proportion of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, which does not function reversibly as an oxygen carrier. Methemoglobinemia may be due to a defect in the enzyme NADH methemoglobin reductase (an autosomal recessive trait) or to an abnormality in hemoglobin M (an autosomal dominant trait). (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.1110
Adolescent Obesity
[description not available]		03.511
Cranial Nerve VII Injuries
[description not available]		03.511
Bacterial Vaginitides
[description not available]		02.1110
Vaginitis
Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and a purulent discharge.		02.1110
Vaginosis, Bacterial
Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.		02.1110
Testicular Diseases
Pathological processes of the TESTIS.		02.7730
Metabolic Acidosis
[description not available]		02.1110
Acidosis
A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.		02.1110
Alcohol Problem
[description not available]		03.0310
Alcohol-Related Disorders
Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or misuse of alcohol.		03.0310
Anoxia, Fetal
[description not available]		02.520
Fetal Hypoxia
Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD.		02.520
Hot Flashes
A sudden, temporary sensation of heat predominantly experienced by some women during MENOPAUSE. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)		05.8722
Polyarthritis
[description not available]		04.8340
Arthritis
Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.		09.8340
Lymphoma, Primary Effusion
A rare neoplasm of large B-cells usually presenting as serious effusions without detectable tumor masses. The most common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. It is associated with HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8, most often occurring in the setting of immunodeficiency.		02.1110
Tooth Mobility
Horizontal and, to a lesser degree, axial movement of a tooth in response to normal forces, as in occlusion. It refers also to the movability of a tooth resulting from loss of all or a portion of its attachment and supportive apparatus, as seen in periodontitis, occlusal trauma, and periodontosis. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p507 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p313)		03.420
Deficiency, Protein
[description not available]		02.1310
Anxiety Neuroses
[description not available]		03.4620
Carotid Artery Thrombosis
Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.		03.3820
Anxiety Disorders
Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.		03.4620
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
[description not available]		02.1310
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.		02.1310
Bancroftian Elephantiasis
[description not available]		02.1310
Elephantiasis, Filarial
Parasitic infestation of the human lymphatic system by WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI or BRUGIA MALAYI. It is also called lymphatic filariasis.		02.1310
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, T Cell
[description not available]		02.9740
Leukemia, T-Cell
A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood.		02.9740
Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction
[description not available]		0340
Brain Infarction
Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.		0340
Condition, Preneoplastic
[description not available]		05.44140
Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Irreversible FIBROSIS of the submucosal tissue of the MOUTH.		02.1310
Precancerous Conditions
Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.		05.44140
Atypical Lipoma
[description not available]		02.1310
Lipoma
A benign tumor composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It can be surrounded by a thin layer of connective tissue (encapsulated), or diffuse without the capsule.		07.1310
Neurogenic Inflammation
Inflammation caused by an injurious stimulus of peripheral neurons and resulting in release of neuropeptides which affect vascular permeability and help initiate proinflammatory and immune reactions at the site of injury.		02.1310
47,XX,+21
[description not available]		02.1310
Down Syndrome
A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)		07.1310
Rhabdomyosarcoma 2
[description not available]		02.1310
Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar
A form of RHABDOMYOSARCOMA occurring mainly in adolescents and young adults, affecting muscles of the extremities, trunk, orbital region, etc. It is extremely malignant, metastasizing widely at an early stage. Few cures have been achieved and the prognosis is poor. Alveolar refers to its microscopic appearance simulating the cells of the respiratory alveolus. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2188)		02.1310
Chemically-Induced Disorders
Disorders caused by the intentional or unintentional ingestion or exposure to chemical substances such as PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; NOXAE; and PESTICIDES.		02.1310
B Virus Infection
[description not available]		02.1310
Adrenal Gland Hypofunction
[description not available]		02.1310
Adrenal Insufficiency
Conditions in which the production of adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS falls below the requirement of the body. Adrenal insufficiency can be caused by defects in the ADRENAL GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, or the HYPOTHALAMUS.		07.1310
Adenocarcinoma, Alveolar
[description not available]		02.1310
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar
A carcinoma derived from epithelium of terminal bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli. Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.1310
Jaundice, Cholestatic
[description not available]		02.1310
Jaundice, Obstructive
Jaundice, the condition with yellowish staining of the skin and mucous membranes, that is due to impaired BILE flow in the BILIARY TRACT, such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, or EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS.		02.1310
Kidney, Polycystic
[description not available]		02.5320
Polycystic Kidney Diseases
Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance.		02.5320
Asystole
[description not available]		02.4820
Heart Arrest
Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.		02.4820
Dilatation, Pathologic
The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions.		02.4820
Benign Cerebellar Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.9640
Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed
[description not available]		03.84110
Medulloblastoma
A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)		03.84110
Dermatitis Medicamentosa
[description not available]		02.1310
Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack
[description not available]		02.9640
Ischemic Attack, Transient
Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)		02.9640
Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver
[description not available]		03.1550
Gait Disorders, Animal
[description not available]		03.5111
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.		02.1310
Cardiomyopathy, Chagas
[description not available]		02.5320
Chagas Cardiomyopathy
A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.		02.5320
Aortitis Syndrome
[description not available]		03.5311
Takayasu Arteritis
A chronic inflammatory process that affects the AORTA and its primary branches, such as the brachiocephalic artery (BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK) and CAROTID ARTERIES. It results in progressive arterial stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysm formation. The pulse in the arm is hard to detect. Patients with aortitis syndrome often exhibit retinopathy.		08.5311
Caliciviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by CALICIVIRIDAE. They include HEPATITIS E; VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE; acute respiratory infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases of gastroenteritis in humans.		02.1310
Dermatitis, Irritant
A non-allergic contact dermatitis caused by prolonged exposure to irritants and not explained by delayed hypersensitivity mechanisms.		02.1510
Sex Disorders
[description not available]		04.4511
Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological
Physiological disturbances in normal sexual performance in either the male or the female.		04.4511
Kawasaki Disease
[description not available]		07.1510
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome
An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity, protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the extremities.		02.1510
Benign Psychomotor Epilepsy, Childhood
[description not available]		02.4920
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321).		02.4920
Coronary Restenosis
Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a prior obstruction.		02.5120
Schistosoma mansoni Infection
[description not available]		02.520
Schistosomiasis mansoni
Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver.		02.520
Hyperoxaluria
Excretion of an excessive amount of OXALATES in the urine.		07.1510
Diffuse Lymphocytic Lymphoma, Poorly-Differentiated
[description not available]		02.0410
Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell
A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. It accounts for about 5% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the United States and Europe. The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1).		02.0410
Hydronephrosis
Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER.		02.4420
Ataxia
Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.		02.0410
Hyperlipoproteinemia
[description not available]		02.0410
Hyperlipoproteinemias
Conditions with abnormally elevated levels of LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. They may be inherited, acquired, primary, or secondary. Hyperlipoproteinemias are classified according to the pattern of lipoproteins on electrophoresis or ultracentrifugation.		02.0410
Bladder Diseases
[description not available]		02.0410
Leukemia L 1210
[description not available]		02.0410
Acute-Phase Reaction
An early local inflammatory reaction to insult or injury that consists of fever, an increase in inflammatory humoral factors, and an increased synthesis by hepatocytes of a number of proteins or glycoproteins usually found in the plasma.		02.0510
Pyrexia
[description not available]		02.0510
Fever
An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.		02.0510
Ventricular Flutter
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia characterized by an extremely rapid, hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia (150-300 beats/min) with a large oscillating sine-wave appearance. If untreated, ventricular flutter typically progresses to VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION.		02.0410
Hyperhomocysteinemia
Condition in which the plasma levels of homocysteine and related metabolites are elevated (		03.1550
Bradyarrhythmia
[description not available]		02.4420
Hypothermia, Accidental
[description not available]		02.4620
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.		07.4420
Hypothermia
Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals.		07.4620
Chemical Dependence
[description not available]		02.9610
Substance-Related Disorders
Disorders related to substance use or abuse.		02.9610
Adenoma, beta-Cell
[description not available]		02.4520
Insulinoma
A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.		02.4520
Obstructive Lung Diseases
[description not available]		03.8320
Lung Diseases, Obstructive
Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.		03.8320
Hormone-Dependent Neoplasms
[description not available]		04.4580
Uveitis
Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)		07.0510
Suffocation
[description not available]		02.0510
Blood Pressure, Low
[description not available]		02.4420
Asphyxia
A pathological condition caused by lack of oxygen, manifested in impending or actual cessation of life.		02.0510
Hypotension
Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.		02.4420
Dysembryoma
[description not available]		02.0510
Teratoma
A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)		02.0510
Rhabdoid Tumor
A rare but highly lethal childhood tumor found almost exclusively in infants. Histopathologically, it resembles RHABDOMYOSARCOMA but the tumor cells are not of myogenic origin. Although it arises primarily in the kidney, it may be found in other parts of the body. The rhabdoid cytomorphology is believed to be the expression of a very primitive malignant cell. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2210)		07.0510
Coxsackie Virus Infections
[description not available]		02.0510
Polyomavirus Infections
Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS, and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL).		02.0510
Fibroma, Shope
[description not available]		02.0510
Night Blindness
Failure or imperfection of vision at night or in dim light, with good vision only on bright days. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.0510
Chronic Hepatitis C
[description not available]		02.4720
Hepatitis C, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.		02.4720
Ulcer
A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.		07.0510
Human Adenovirus Infections
[description not available]		02.0510
Adenovirus Infections, Human
Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33 identified serotypes of human adenoviruses.		02.0510
Aneurysm, Bacterial
[description not available]		02.0510
Alcohol Abuse, Nervous System
[description not available]		02.9710
Amaurosis
[description not available]		02.0510
Blindness
The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.		02.0510
Neoplasms, Nervous System
[description not available]		02.0510
Alcoholic Pancreatitis
[description not available]		03.8320
Child Development Deviations
[description not available]		02.9710
Developmental Disabilities
Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed)		02.9710
Colicky Pain
[description not available]		07.4844
Nausea
An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.		07.4844
Abdominal Pain
Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region.		07.4844
Adult Premature Aging Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0610
Cranial Nerve II Diseases
[description not available]		02.0510
Optic Nerve Diseases
Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect.		02.0510
Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced
[description not available]		02.0610
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced
Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)		02.0610
Carcinoma, Medullary
A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)		02.0610
Embryopathies
[description not available]		02.4720
Coats Disease
[description not available]		02.0610
Neovascularization, Optic Disc
[description not available]		02.0610
Retinal Neovascularization
Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.		07.0610
Retinal Telangiectasis
A group of rare, idiopathic, congenital retinal vascular anomalies affecting the retinal capillaries. It is characterized by dilation and tortuosity of retinal vessels and formation of multiple aneurysms, with different degrees of leakage and exudates emanating from the blood vessels.		02.0610
Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0610
Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic
A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer. Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12): 953-9)		02.0610
Brain Damage, Chronic
A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.		02.0610
Argentaffinoma
[description not available]		02.0610
Carcinoid Tumor
A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)		02.0610
Nerve Root Avulsion
[description not available]		02.0610
Radiculopathy
Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root.		02.0610
Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		07.0610
Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic
A systemic, large-cell, non-Hodgkin, malignant lymphoma characterized by cells with pleomorphic appearance and expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. These so-called hallmark cells have lobulated and indented nuclei. This lymphoma is often mistaken for metastatic carcinoma and MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS.		02.0610
Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder
[description not available]		02.0610
Carcinoma, Embryonal
A highly malignant, primitive form of carcinoma, probably of germinal cell or teratomatous derivation, usually arising in a gonad and rarely in other sites. It is rare in the female ovary, but in the male it accounts for 20% of all testicular tumors. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1595)		02.0610
B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		07.7330
Lymphoma, B-Cell
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.		02.7330
EBV Infections
[description not available]		02.0610
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).		02.0610
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		07.4520
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.		02.4520
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
[description not available]		03.3520
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular
An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		03.3520
Ciliophora Infections
Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.		02.0710
Fish Diseases
Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).		02.4420
Neuroretinitis
[description not available]		02.0610
Retinitis
Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).		02.0610
Adenoma, Prolactin-Secreting, Pituitary
[description not available]		02.0710
Sarcoma, Epithelioid
[description not available]		02.0710
Sarcoma
A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.		07.0710
Refeeding Syndrome
A condition of metabolic imbalance that is caused by complications of initially feeding a severely malnourished patient too aggressively. Usually occurring within the first 5 days of refeeding, this syndrome is characterized by WATER-ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS; and DIARRHEA.		02.0710
Sunburn
An injury to the skin causing erythema, tenderness, and sometimes blistering and resulting from excessive exposure to the sun. The reaction is produced by the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight.		02.0810
Muscular Dystrophy, Animal
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY that occurs in VERTEBRATE animals.		02.0710
Pain, Chronic
[description not available]		02.0710
Acute Post-operative Pain
[description not available]		02.0710
Pain, Postoperative
Pain during the period after surgery.		02.0710
Chronic Pain
Aching sensation that persists for more than a few months. It may or may not be associated with trauma or disease, and may persist after the initial injury has healed. Its localization, character, and timing are more vague than with acute pain.		07.0710
Dermatitis, Radiation-Induced
[description not available]		02.9910
Radiodermatitis
A cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation.		02.9910
HIV Lipodystrophy Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0710
HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome
Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be multifactorial and probably involves some combination of infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.		02.0710
Coronary Occlusion
Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS.		07.0610
Axonotmesis
[description not available]		02.9910
Trauma, Nervous System
Traumatic injuries to the brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, or neuromuscular system, including iatrogenic injuries induced by surgical procedures.		02.9910
Colitis, Granulomatous
[description not available]		02.0710
Crohn Disease
A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.		02.0710
Coronary Thrombosis
Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		02.0710
Acrania
[description not available]		02.0710
Neural Tube Defects
Congenital malformations of the central nervous system and adjacent structures related to defective neural tube closure during the first trimester of pregnancy generally occurring between days 18-29 of gestation. Ectodermal and mesodermal malformations (mainly involving the skull and vertebrae) may occur as a result of defects of neural tube closure. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, pp31-41)		02.0710
Neoplasms, Pleural
[description not available]		02.0710
Bile Duct Obstruction, Extrahepatic
[description not available]		02.0710
Tendinitis
Inflammation of TENDONS. It is characterized by the degeneration of tendons accompanied by an inflammatory repair response, fibroblastic proliferation, and formation of granulation tissue. Tendinitis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings.		02.0710
Tendinopathy
Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance.		02.0710
Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
[description not available]		02.0710
Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Familial or idiopathic hypertension in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION which is not secondary to other disease.		02.0710
Granuloma, Hodgkin
[description not available]		02.0810
Hodgkin Disease
A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.		02.0810
Bronchial Hyperreactivity
Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.		02.0810
Endometrial Diseases
[description not available]		02.0710
Uterine Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.		02.0710
Histiocytic Sarcoma
Malignant neoplasms composed of MACROPHAGES or DENDRITIC CELLS. Most histiocytic sarcomas present as localized tumor masses without a leukemic phase. Though the biological behavior of these neoplasms resemble lymphomas, their cell lineage is histiocytic not lymphoid.		07.110
Hemorrhoids
Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.		02.0710
Angina Pectoris, Stable
[description not available]		03.4711
Angina, Stable
Persistent and reproducible chest discomfort usually precipitated by a physical exertion that dissipates upon cessation of such an activity. The symptoms are manifestations of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA.		03.4711
Chronic Kidney Failure
[description not available]		04.3911
Emesis
[description not available]		04.3911
Kidney Failure, Chronic
The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.		04.3911
Vomiting
The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.		04.3911
Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia
[description not available]		02.0810
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating
A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane into the surrounding stroma.		02.0810
Drowning
Death that occurs as a result of anoxia or heart arrest, associated with immersion in liquid.		02.0810
Animal Diseases
Diseases that occur in VERTEBRATE animals.		02.0710
Cell Transformation, Viral
An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.		02.0710
Cruveilhier-Baumgarten Syndrome
Liver cirrhosis with intrahepatic portal obstruction, HYPERTENSION, and patent UMBILICAL VEINS.		02.0810
Hypertension, Portal
Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN.		02.0810
Bacterial Meningitides
[description not available]		02.0810
Meningitis, Bacterial
Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex, cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots.		02.0810
Incontinentia Pigmenti Achromians
[description not available]		02.0810
Antibody Deficiency Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0810
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.		02.0810
Ganglioside Storage Diseases
[description not available]		02.0810
Gangliosidoses
A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the defective degradation pathway.		02.0810
Lipid Metabolism Disorders
Pathological conditions resulting from abnormal anabolism or catabolism of lipids in the body.		02.0810
Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia
[description not available]		02.0810
Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic
A spectrum of disorders characterized by clonal expansions of the peripheral blood LYMPHOCYTE populations known as large granular lymphocytes which contain abundant cytoplasm and azurophilic granules. Subtypes develop from either CD3-negative NATURAL KILLER CELLS or CD3-positive T-CELLS. The clinical course of both subtypes can vary from spontaneous regression to progressive, malignant disease.		02.0810
Hyperthyroid
[description not available]		07.0810
Hyperthyroidism
Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.		02.0810
Cocarcinogenesis
The combination of two or more different factors in the production of cancer.		03.3320
Wounds, Stab
Penetrating wounds caused by a pointed object.		02.0110
Ambiguous Genitalia
[description not available]		02.0110
Disorders of Sex Development
In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.		02.0110
ATLL
[description not available]		02.7130
Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell
Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset, caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.		02.7130
Ear Diseases
Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body.		02.4220
Chlamydia pneumoniae Infections
[description not available]		02.0110
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.0210
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.		02.0210
Abnormality, Torsion
[description not available]		02.0210
Adenosis of Breast
[description not available]		02.4320
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
A common and benign breast disease characterized by varying degree of fibrocystic changes in the breast tissue. There are three major patterns of morphological changes, including FIBROSIS, formation of CYSTS, and proliferation of glandular tissue (adenosis). The fibrocystic breast has a dense irregular, lumpy, bumpy consistency.		02.4320
Protozoan Infections, Animal
Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa. The infections may be experimental or veterinary.		02.0210
Paralysis, Legs
[description not available]		02.0210
Paraplegia
Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness.		14.0210
Papilloma, Squamous Cell
[description not available]		03.3320
Papilloma
A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)		03.3320
Cytomegalovirus
A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.		07.0210
Hypercoagulability
[description not available]		02.0210
Thrombophilia
A disorder of HEMOSTASIS in which there is a tendency for the occurrence of THROMBOSIS.		02.0210
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.		02.0210
Acute Porphyria
[description not available]		02.0210
Porphyria, Acute Intermittent
An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a deficiency of HYDROXYMETHYLBILANE SYNTHASE in the LIVER, the third enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME. Clinical features are recurrent and life-threatening neurologic disturbances, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and elevated level of AMINOLEVULINIC ACID and PORPHOBILINOGEN in the urine.		02.0210
Cancer, Radiation-Induced
[description not available]		03.3320
Atopic Hypersensitivity
[description not available]		02.0210
Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0210
Ataxia Telangiectasia
An autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood, progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections, lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).		02.0210
Poisoning
Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.		02.9410
Genital Herpes
[description not available]		02.0210
Herpes Genitalis
Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.		02.0210
Vaginal Diseases
Pathological processes of the VAGINA.		02.0210
Bright Disease
A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright.		02.4220
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		02.4220
Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Systemic
[description not available]		02.0210
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
A systemic inflammatory response to a variety of clinical insults, characterized by two or more of the following conditions: (1) fever		02.0210
Kaposi Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.0310
Sarcoma, Kaposi
A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause.		02.0310
Brill-Symmers Disease
[description not available]		02.0310
Lymphoma, Follicular
Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.		14.0310
Reticulum Cell-Like Sarcoma, Yoshida
[description not available]		02.0310
Cancer of Digestive System
[description not available]		02.9410
Digestive System Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.		02.9410
Alcoholic Intoxication
An acute brain syndrome which results from the excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.		02.0310
Adult Fanconi Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0310
Leukemia, Lymphocytic
[description not available]		02.7130
Leukemia, Lymphoid
Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.		02.7130
Birth Injuries
Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant during labor or delivery.		02.0310
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
[description not available]		07.0310
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing
ENTEROCOLITIS with extensive ulceration (ULCER) and NECROSIS. It is observed primarily in LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT.		02.0310
Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis
[description not available]		02.0410
Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute
Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe TRAUMA.		02.0410
Bacterial Pneumonia
[description not available]		02.0410
Infections, Serratia
[description not available]		02.0410
Pneumonia, Bacterial
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.		02.0410
Basilar Artery Insufficiency
[description not available]		02.0410
Esophageal Stricture
[description not available]		02.0410
Esophageal Stenosis
A stricture of the ESOPHAGUS. Most are acquired but can be congenital.		02.0410
Esophagitis
INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.		02.0410
Cough
A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.		02.0310
Familial Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia
[description not available]		02.0410
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.		02.0410
Benign Mastocytoma
[description not available]		02.0310
Uveal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UVEA.		02.0410
Oculopharyngeal Dystrophy
[description not available]		02.0410
Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal
An autosomal dominant hereditary disease that presents in late in life and is characterized by DYSPHAGIA and progressive ptosis of the eyelids. Mutations in the gene for POLY(A)-BINDING PROTEIN II have been associated with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.		02.0410
Neoplasms, Squamous Cell
Neoplasms of the SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in tissue composed of squamous elements.		02.0410
Experimental Leukemia
[description not available]		0210
Amyloid Neuropathies
Disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. Familial, primary (nonfamilial), and secondary forms have been described. Some familial subtypes demonstrate an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Clinical manifestations include sensory loss, mild weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1349)		0210
Leukemia, Acute Monocytic
[description not available]		0210
Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute
An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.		0210
Cold Fingers, Hereditary
[description not available]		02.9210
Raynaud Disease
An idiopathic vascular disorder characterized by bilateral Raynaud phenomenon, the abrupt onset of digital paleness or CYANOSIS in response to cold exposure or stress.		02.9210
Graft Occlusion, Vascular
Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts.		0210
Leukemia, Pre-B-Cell
[description not available]		0210
Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and adolescents and characterized by a high number of lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as leukemia.		0210
Hypoproteinemia
A condition in which total serum protein level is below the normal range. Hypoproteinemia can be caused by protein malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract, EDEMA, or PROTEINURIA.		0210
Bacteroides Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES.		0210
Concussive Convulsion
[description not available]		0210
Carcinoma, Papillary
A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)		02.0110
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