basal plasma membrane

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

The region of the plasma membrane located at the basal end of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. [GOC:go_curators]

The basal plasma membrane is a specialized region of the plasma membrane that faces the basal lamina, a thin extracellular layer that underlies epithelial cells. It is distinct from the apical plasma membrane, which faces the lumen or free surface of the cell, and the lateral plasma membrane, which faces adjacent cells. The basal plasma membrane is essential for cell adhesion, signaling, and transport. It is characterized by a unique composition of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, which are specifically tailored to its functions. One key feature of the basal plasma membrane is the presence of integrins, transmembrane proteins that bind to the basal lamina. These interactions are crucial for anchoring the cell to the underlying tissue and providing structural support. The basal plasma membrane also plays a role in cell signaling. For instance, it houses receptors that respond to growth factors and other extracellular signals. Additionally, the basal plasma membrane is involved in the transport of molecules across the cell. It contains specialized proteins that mediate the movement of nutrients, ions, and other substances between the extracellular environment and the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the basal plasma membrane contributes to the maintenance of cell polarity, ensuring the distinct functional domains of the apical and basal sides of the cell. Overall, the basal plasma membrane is a complex and highly specialized cellular component that plays critical roles in cell adhesion, signaling, transport, and polarity.'
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Proteins (36)

Compounds (1,531)