An antiviral drug targeted at influenza viruses. Its mode of action consists of blocking the function of the viral neuraminidase protein (EC 3.2.1.18), thus preventing the virus from budding from the host cell.
ChEBI ID: 52425
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|---|---|
| (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone | A dihydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and methyl groups at positions 6 and 8. Isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus, it has been shown to exhibit inhibitory effects on the viral neuraminidases from two influenza viral strains, H1N1 and H9N2. | (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone |
| 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone | A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 6' and methyl groups at positions 3' and 5'. Isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus, it has been shown to exhibit inhibitory effects on the viral neuraminidases from two influenza viral strains, H1N1 and H9N2. | 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone |
| apiin | A beta-D-glucoside having a beta-D-apiosyl residue at the 2-position and a 5,4'-dihydroxyflavon-7-yl moiety at the anomeric position. | apiin |
| bcx 1812 | A member of the class of guanidines that is used (as its trihydrate) for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in patients 18 years and older who have been symptomatic for no more than two days. | peramivir |
| ergosta-7,22-dien-3-ol, (3beta,5alpha,6alpha,22e)-isomer | A 3beta-sterol consisting of an ergostane skeleton with double bonds at 7- and 22-positions. | 5alpha-ergosta-7,22-dien-3beta-ol |
| gs 4071 | A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 5 by pentan-3-yloxy, acetamido, and amino groups, respectively (the 3R,4R,5S enantiomer). An antiviral drug, it is used as the corresponding ethyl ester prodrug, oseltamivir, to slow the spread of influenza. | oseltamivir acid |
| n-acetylneuraminic acid | An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl. | N-acetylneuraminic acid |
| oseltamivir | A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza. | oseltamivir |
| zanamivir | zanamivir |
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs with This Role(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 926 (9.05) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1,587 (15.50) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 2,648 (25.87) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 3,942 (38.51) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1,133 (11.07) | 2.80 |
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs with this Role (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 353 (3.05%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 995 (8.61%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 511 (4.42%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 58 (0.50%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 9,640 (83.41%) | 84.16% |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67.9K protein | Vaccinia virus | Potency | 28.1838 | 1 | 2 |
| bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.7079 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Beta-lactamase | Escherichia coli K-12 | Potency | 0.5012 | 1 | 1 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1838 | 1 | 1 |
| DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 79.4328 | 1 | 1 |
| EWS/FLI fusion protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0074 | 1 | 1 |
| GALC protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.7079 | 1 | 1 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.1458 | 1 | 1 |
| muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.3872 | 1 | 1 |
| parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| Spike glycoprotein | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | Potency | 0.7079 | 1 | 1 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.0929 | 2 | 2 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acyl-CoA desaturase 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 0.0045 | 1 | 2 |
| ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 662.3650 | 2 | 2 |
| Aurora kinase B | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 12.1400 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus | IC50 | 0.0040 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Neuraminidase | Influenza B virus (STRAIN B/BEIJING/1/87) | IC50 | 0.0040 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus | Ki | 0.0330 | 1 | 5 |
| D(2) dopamine receptor | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 0.0082 | 1 | 2 |
| Histamine H1 receptor | Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) | IC50 | 1.4162 | 1 | 2 |
| Integrase | Human immunodeficiency virus 1 | IC50 | 1.1908 | 2 | 3 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Aichi/2/1968(H3N2)) | IC50 | 0.0021 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Brevig Mission/1/1918(H1N1)) | IC50 | 0.0034 | 1 | 1 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/1977(H4N6)) | IC50 | 0.0190 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/duck/Ukraine/1/1963(H3N8)) | IC50 | 0.0082 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Memphis/1/1971(H3N2)) | IC50 | 0.0091 | 7 | 8 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1)) | IC50 | 0.7830 | 34 | 48 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Singapore/1/1957(H2N2)) | IC50 | 0.0050 | 2 | 8 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/swine/Hong Kong/127/1982(H3N2)) | IC50 | 0.1700 | 1 | 1 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/udorn/1972(H3N2)) | IC50 | 0.2984 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/USSR/90/1977(H1N1)) | IC50 | 13.5914 | 8 | 8 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Wilson-Smith/1933(H1N1)) | IC50 | 0.0682 | 8 | 11 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza B virus (B/Lee/1940) | IC50 | 0.0334 | 18 | 26 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza B virus (STRAIN B/VICTORIA/3/85) | IC50 | 0.0045 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Brevig Mission/1/1918(H1N1)) | Ki | 0.0008 | 1 | 1 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1)) | Ki | 6.0550 | 2 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza B virus (B/Lee/1940) | Ki | 0.0006 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Brisbane/59/2007(H1N1)) | IC50 | 0.1490 | 5 | 5 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/chicken/Yogjakarta/BBVet-IX/2004(H5N1)) | IC50 | 0.0025 | 2 | 4 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/duck/Laos/25/2006(H5N1)) | IC50 | 1.1047 | 4 | 7 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/RI/5+/1957(H2N2)) | IC50 | 1.4000 | 1 | 1 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Thailand/1(KAN-1)/2004(H5N1)) | IC50 | 0.0014 | 3 | 6 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Turkey/651242/2006(H5N1)) | IC50 | 0.3103 | 8 | 10 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/udorn/1972(H3N2)) | IC50 | 0.0129 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Wilson-Smith/1933(H1N1)) | IC50 | 29.5269 | 174 | 272 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza B virus (B/Perth/211/2001) | IC50 | 0.0881 | 2 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/chicken/Yogjakarta/BBVet-IX/2004(H5N1)) | Ki | 0.0026 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/duck/Laos/25/2006(H5N1)) | Ki | 0.0008 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Thailand/1(KAN-1)/2004(H5N1)) | Ki | 0.0003 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Turkey/651242/2006(H5N1)) | Ki | 0.0045 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/Wilson-Smith/1933(H1N1)) | Ki | 5.9102 | 5 | 7 |
| Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Programmed cell death protein 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Sialidase | Clostridium perfringens | IC50 | 33.5670 | 1 | 3 |
| Sialidase A | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Ki | 360.8850 | 1 | 2 |
| Sialidase-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,517.7500 | 6 | 12 |
| Sialidase-1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 500.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Sialidase-2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 547.0093 | 9 | 14 |
| Sialidase-2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 70.0167 | 4 | 6 |
| Sialidase-3 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,733.3823 | 8 | 13 |
| Sialidase-3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.6200 | 3 | 3 |
| Sialidase-4 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,092.8571 | 8 | 14 |
| Sialidase-4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 26.0000 | 3 | 3 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 45,100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Substance-K receptor | Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) | IC50 | 0.0150 | 1 | 1 |
| Substance-P receptor | Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) | IC50 | 0.0150 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neuraminidase | Influenza A virus (A/udorn/1972(H3N2)) | Kd | 0.0047 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 4,200.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Liver carboxylesterase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 177.0000 | 1 | 1 |