Roles > topical anaesthetic
Page last updated: 2024-08-05 15:12:39

topical anaesthetic

A local anesthetic that is used to numb the surface of a body part.

ChEBI ID: 48425

Members (5)

MemberDefinitionClass
benoxinateA benzoate ester in which 4-amino-3-butoxybenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; an ester-based local anaesthetic (ester "caine") used especially in ophthalmology and otolaryngology.oxybuprocaine
benzocaineA benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.benzocaine
dibucaineA monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions.cinchocaine
dyclonineN-Ethylpiperidine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the methyl group is substituted by a 4-butoxybenzoyl group.dyclonine
dyclonine hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt of dyclonine.dyclonine hydrochloride

Research

Studies (2,271)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-19901,167 (51.39)18.7374
1990's354 (15.59)18.2507
2000's370 (16.29)29.6817
2010's301 (13.25)24.3611
2020's79 (3.48)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials227 (8.79%)5.53%
Reviews75 (2.90%)6.00%
Case Studies311 (12.04%)4.05%
Observational2 (0.08%)0.25%
Other1,967 (76.18%)84.16%

Protein Targets (105)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
acetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.381333
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.153925
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.532969
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.393725
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.146122
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency24.485012
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.221023
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.166911
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.488212
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency31.622811
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency89.125111
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.511911
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.540412
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.803212
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.421613
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.094126
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.125411
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.940114
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.4783816
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.942247
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.214513
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency27.540412
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.094113
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.2162212
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.191323
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.125422
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.511711
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency22.908514
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.847011
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency9.488225
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency15.556511
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.540412
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.000022
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.539613
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.540414
Inositol monophosphatase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency0.001311
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.540412
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.051014
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency2.585212
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency43.648611
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproproteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.220222
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.266312
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.220211
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.220211
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency1.584911
Nrf2Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.548111
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.303523
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.562411
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency20.759126
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.671625
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.529711
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency7.736512
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency54.941011
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency39.810711
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency12.589311
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.233412
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.282812
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency16.045424
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.782811
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.064138
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.324024
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.621311
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.740612
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency26.968012
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.565012
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.7085210
thioredoxin glutathione reductaseSchistosoma mansoniPotency0.316211
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency3.162311
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency7.402424
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.152167
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.747635
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency12.589311
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency12.589311
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency42.239522
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.786312
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.010611
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.560713
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency22.908514
VprHuman immunodeficiency virus 1Potency35.481311

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
AcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC500.181011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000011
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC50351.830025
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000011
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000011