Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "If hypokalemia is present in patients receiving thiazides who have had an acute myocardial infarction, it should be corrected so as to remove this predisposing cause of ventricular fibrillation." | ( Duke, M, 1978) |
| "Symptoms of hypokalemia are vague between 3." | ( Schwartz, AB, 1978) |
| "Hypopotassemia is discussed as a possible mechanism for the development of the electrical alternans." | ( Ishikawa, K; Tateno, M, 1976) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common and potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance." | ( Burkart, JM; Freedman, BI, 1991) |
| "Epinephrine-induced hypokalemia is a beta 2-adrenoceptor-mediated effect known to occur in patients after acute myocardial infarction." | ( Klein, M; Nettler, S; Oshiro, G; Smith, T; Stupienski, RF, 1989) |
| "This hypokalemia is not mediated by insulin, renin or aldosterone." | ( Brown, MJ, 1985) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent manifestation of acute theophylline poisoning, has a very early onset, and occurs independently of vomiting, suggesting an intracellular shift of potassium." | ( Amitai, Y; Lovejoy, FH, 1988) |
| "Hypokalemia is common in alcoholics but when observed does not always represent true potassium depletion." | ( Pitts, TO; Van Thiel, DH, 1986) |
| "Thus, hypokalemia is prevalent immediately after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, whereas it is uncommon in AMI in the absence of cardiac arrest." | ( Asinger, RW; Elsperger, J; Hodges, M; Ruiz, E; Salerno, DM, 1987) |
| "Because hypokalemia is common in acute myocardial infarction and is associated with ventricular arrhythmias, routine measurement of serum potassium levels and prompt correction are recommended." | ( Armstrong, PW; Kafka, H; Langevin, L, 1987) |
| "The changes of hypokalemia are most apparent in leads V2 and V3." | ( Ballantyne, F; Vander Ark, C, 1986) |
| "Hypokalemia is rarely due solely to a reduced intake of potassium; instead, it usually results from a potassium flux into the cells or increased loss of the element, at times combined with a decreased intake." | ( Bear, RA; Neil, GA, 1983) |
| "Most causes of hypokalemia are obvious from the clinical picture and the values for plasma electrolytes." | ( Walmsley, RN; White, GH, 1984) |
| "Symptomatic hypokalemia is not known to complicate continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), although this treatment is associated with continuous peritoneal potassium losses." | ( Rostand, SG, 1983) |
| "Hypokalemia is a commonly encountered metabolic consequence of chronic thiazide therapy." | ( Hollifield, JW; Slaton, PE, 1981) |
| "Severe hypokalemia is an uncommon cause of rhabdomyolysis." | ( De Oliveira, AS; Gabbai, AA; Morita, MP; Schmidt, B; Tengan, CH; Zanoteli, E, 1994) |
| "Hypokalemia is associated with increased ventricular dysrhythmias." | ( Dei Cas, L; Leier, CV; Metra, M, 1994) |
| "Hypokalemia is a potentially life-threatening complication that occurs in many patients with cancer." | ( Casperson, DS; Mahon, SM, 1993) |
| "Hypokalemia is an uncommon presentation of renovascular hypertension." | ( Burch, A; Ruby, ST; White, WB, 1993) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common problem among PICU patients." | ( Marudkar, A; Singhi, S, 1996) |
| "Hypokalemia is one of the common complications of diuretic use." | ( Akita, M; Kuwahara, M; Sugano, S; Tsubone, H, 1998) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common side effect in adult asthmatic patients on beta 2 adrenergic therapy." | ( Chu, DM; Hung, CH; Wang, CL; Yang, KD, 1999) |
| "Hypokalemia is a well-known, consistent finding in thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP)." | ( Crapo, LM; Foote, JA; Manoukian, MA, 1999) |
| "Hypokalemia is caused partly by intensive exercise." | ( Asukai, N; Hatta, K; Nakamura, H; Takahashi, T; Yamashiro, H; Yonezawa, Y, 1999) |
| "Hypokalemia is present in 90% of cases and is probably caused by a defect in 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, that limits the binding of cortisol to aldosterone receptor, metabolizing it to cortisone." | ( Arteaga, E; Campusano, C; Cárdenas, I; Fardella, C; Martínez, P, 1999) |
| "Clinical signs of hypokalemia are not directly related to the extent of the electrolyte imbalance, and therefore monosymptomatic cases may be observed." | ( Grond, M; Haupt, WF; Heiss, WD; Neveling, M; Rudolf, J; Würker, M, 1999) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common finding among older patients taking diuretic medications." | ( Bernabei, R; Carbonin, P; Carosella, L; Cocchi, A; Pahor, M; Pedone, C; Zuccalà, G, 2000) |
| "Hypokalemia is therefore an indicator of an adverse outcome." | ( Haller, C, 2000) |
| "Hypokalemia is associated with alterations in vasoactive mediators that favor intrarenal vasoconstriction and an ischemic pattern of renal injury." | ( Gordon, KL; Hughes, J; Johnson, RJ; Kim, YG; Mazzali, M; Phillips, MI; Raleigh, JA; Ray, PE; Suga, SI; Vio, CP, 2001) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent abnormality among patients, exposing them to fatigue and arrhythmia." | ( Averboch, J; Fishman, S; Golik, A; Uriel, N; Zaidenstein, R, 2001) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte abnormality encountered in clinical practice." | ( Fervenza, FC; Rabkin, R, 2002) |
| "Avoiding hypokalemia is beneficial in several cardiovascular disease states including acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and hypertension." | ( Macdonald, JE; Struthers, AD, 2004) |
| "Although modest hypokalemia is frequently observed in asthmatic patients being treated with bronchodilators, profound hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis are rarely reported in patients receiving high-dose hydrocortisone (HC)." | ( Hsu, YJ; Lin, SH; Tsai, WS; Wu, CP, 2004) |
| "Hyperglycemia and hypokalemia are correlated with GCS dosage and duration." | ( Chen, BW; Han, DM; Li, N; Wang, GF; Wang, YX; Wu, YF; Xiao, F; Xie, GQ, 2004) |
| "Generally, mild hypokalemia is the most common potassium disorder seen clinically;however, severe complications can occur." | ( Schaefer, TJ; Wolford, RW, 2005) |
| "Hypokalemia is a prominent feature of Gitelman syndrome and a common side effect of thiazide use in the treatment of hypertension." | ( Hoorn, EJ; Knepper, MA; Morris, RG, 2006) |
| "Although hypokalemia is a frequent adverse effect of amphotericin B therapy, there are no reports in the pediatric literature on hypokalemia-associated rhabdomyolysis induced by this drug." | ( Iglesias, SB; Lucas da Silva, PS; Waisberg, J, 2007) |
| "Severe hypokalemia is a central feature of the classic type of distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), both in hereditary and acquired forms." | ( Batlle, D; Kurtzman, N; Moorthi, KM; Schlueter, W, 2006) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common and important finding in hospitalized patients because it may provoke cardiac arrhythmias and/or respiratory arrest." | ( Halperin, ML; Lin, SH, 2007) |
| "Hypokalemia is a predisposing factor." | ( Aublet-Cuvelier, B; Deteix, P; Garcier, JM; Heng, AE; Sapin, V; Souweine, B; Vacher, P, 2007) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent electrolyte abnormality that rarely requires more than oral supplementation to correct." | ( Garcia, E; Nakhleh, N; Ramsay, C; Simmons, D, 2008) |
| "Hypokalemia is common in heart failure (HF) and is associated with increased mortality." | ( Adamopoulos, C; Ahmed, A; Ahmed, MI; Bakris, G; Ekundayo, OJ; Fleg, JL; Love, TE; Perry, GJ; Pitt, B; Siscovick, DS; Sui, X; Young, JB, 2010) |
| "If hypokalemia is associated with paralysis, we should consider hyperthyroidism, familial or sporadic periodic paralysis." | ( Assadi, F, 2008) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent cause of QT lengthening on the electrocardiogram." | ( Brigante, M; Campana, A; Manzo, M; Marrazzo, N; Melchiorre, G, 2003) |
| "Mild hypokalemia is common and encountered in a multitude of diseases, but severe hypokalemia leading to rhabdomyolysis is relatively rare." | ( Ahmed, S; Ali, SA; Barde, CJ; Kibria, R, 2009) |
| "Because hypokalemia is known to exacerbate long QT syndrome (LQTS) and Torsades de pointes tachyarrhythmias, our findings provide a potential mechanistic link between hypokalemia and LQTS." | ( Guo, J; Jia, Z; Massaeli, H; Mesaeli, N; Wigle, JT; Xu, J; Zhang, S, 2009) |
| "Hypokalemia is not an isolated disease but an associated finding in a number of different diseases." | ( Al-jabi, SW; Awang, R; Syed Sulaiman, SA; Zyoud, SH, 2010) |
| "Although hypokalemia is a common clinical problem, symptoms generally do not become manifest unless the serum potassium (K) falls rapidly." | ( Hatanaka, M; Kadoya, H; Matsuda, J; Namba, T; Takahashi, A; Takeji, M; Yamamoto, T; Yamauchi, A, 2010) |
| "Hypokalemia is more likely to cause arrhythmia than hyperkalemia and can be treated by oral or intravenous administration of K+ under frequent control of electrocardiogram and plasma K+." | ( Clausen, T, 2010) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disorder." | ( Palmer, BF, 2010) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent complication observed after traumatic brain injury (TBI)." | ( Abrishamkar, S; Shafiei, M, 2010) |
| "Hypokalemia is uncommon in the absence of treatment with diuretics." | ( Dluhy, RG; Halperin, F, 2011) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disorder that increases renal ammonia metabolism and can cause the development of an acid-base disorder, metabolic alkalosis." | ( Bishop, JM; Han, KH; Handlogten, ME; Kim, J; Lee, HW; Levi, M; Verlander, JW; Weiner, ID, 2011) |
| "Severe hypokalemia is a potentially life-threatening disorder and is associated with variable degrees of skeletal muscle weakness, even to the point of paralysis." | ( Domanovits, H; Laggner, AN; Mayr, FB, 2012) |
| "Hypokalemia is a stronger risk factor than hyperkalemia, but all together, any minimal changes in serum potassium levels could determine arrhythmia in CKD patients." | ( Checheriţă, IA; Ciocâlteu, A; David, C; Diaconu, V; Lascăr, I, 2011) |
| "Hypokalemia is common and can be associated with serious adverse consequences, including paralysis, ileus, cardiac arrhythmias, and death." | ( Asmar, A; Mohandas, R; Wingo, CS, 2012) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common clinical condition associated with increased renal ammonia excretion." | ( Bishop, JM; Han, KH; Handlogten, ME; Lee, HW; Verlander, JW; Weiner, ID, 2013) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common clinical condition in which there is increased renal ammonia excretion despite the absence of metabolic acidosis." | ( Bishop, JM; Han, KH; Handlogten, ME; Lee, HW; Verlander, JW; Weiner, ID, 2013) |
| "Burmese hypokalemia is suspected to be a single locus autosomal recessive trait." | ( Cortes, A; Erhardt, G; Gandolfi, B; Gruffydd-Jones, TJ; Helps, CR; Jones, BR; Lyons, LA; Malik, R; Prinzenberg, EM, 2012) |
| "Hypokalemia is related to increased use of diuretics, decreased use of RAS blockade and malnutrition, all of which may impose additive deleterious effects on renal outcomes." | ( Chang, JM; Chen, HC; Chiu, YW; Hung, CC; Hwang, DY; Hwang, SJ; Kuo, MC; Seifter, JL; Tsai, JC; Wang, HH, 2013) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disorder in the intensive care unit." | ( Agrawal, V; Gennari, FJ; Tranmer, BI; Ybanez, N, 2014) |
| "Hypokalemia is common and may have contributed to the poor clinical outcome in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients." | ( Lu, XH; Su, CY; Tang, W; Wang, T; Yu, HL, 2014) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent adverse reaction to thiazide diuretics, but is often asymptomatic." | ( Hofman, A; Hoorn, EJ; Lous, JJ; Rodenburg, EM; Ruiter, R; Stricker, BH; Uitterlinden, AG; Visser, LE, 2014) |
| "Hypokalemia is a recognized adverse effect of thiazide diuretic treatment." | ( Bailey, K; Beitelshees, AL; Boerwinkle, E; Chapman, AB; Cooper-DeHoff, RM; Del-Aguila, JL; Gums, JG; Johnson, JA; Turner, ST, 2015) |
| "Correction of hypokalemia is recommended." | ( Buscher, H; Day, RO; Ghosh, D; Graham, GG; Nair, P; Williams, KM, 2014) |
| "Hypokalemia is common during the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); however, severe hypokalemia at presentation prior to insulin treatment is exceedingly uncommon." | ( Alonso, GT; Davis, SM; Maahs, DM; Maddux, AB; Mourani, PM; Okada, CR, 2016) |
| "Severe hypokalemia is a usual complication of dexamethasone and calcium gluconate therapy, which occurs frequently with therapeutic use." | ( Chen, YJ; Deng, KF; Han, SQ; Huang, P; Li, ZD; Liu, NG; Qin, ZQ; Shao, Y; Zhang, JH; Zou, DH, 2014) |
| "Paradoxical hypokalemia is prone to develop in hypovolemic patients even during K(+) supplementation with volume repletion." | ( Chau, T; Cheng, CJ; Chiang, WF; Hsu, YJ; Lin, SH; Sung, CC; Yang, SS, 2015) |
| "Hypokalemia is the most common clinical manifestation of primary dRTA." | ( Chen, N; Li, X; Ma, Y; Ren, H; Shen, P; Wang, W; Xu, Y; Zhang, C; Zhang, W, 2015) |
| "Hypokalemia is known to promote ventricular arrhythmias, especially in combination with class III antiarrhythmic drugs like dofetilide." | ( Bapat, A; Cao, H; Eskandari, A; Karagueuzian, HS; Ko, CY; Nguyen, T; Nivala, M; Pezhouman, A; Qu, Z; Singh, N; Song, Z; Weiss, JN, 2015) |
| "Hyper- and hypokalemia are clinically silent, common in patients with renal or cardiac disease, and are life threatening." | ( Ackerman, MJ; Asirvatham, SJ; Attia, ZI; Bennet, KE; Bruce, CJ; Bukartyk, J; DeSimone, CV; Dillon, JJ; Dugan, JL; Friedman, PA; Geva, AB; Gilles, EJ; Ladewig, DJ; Sadot, D; Sapir, Y; Scott, CG; Somers, VK; Striemer, BL, 2016) |
| "Hypokalemia is more common than hyperkalemia and usually is caused by excessive losses of potassium from the kidneys or gastrointestinal tract." | ( de Morais, HA; Kogika, MM, 2017) |
| "Hypokalemia is common in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and is associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality." | ( Hiremath, S; Langote, A; McCormick, BB; Ruzicka, M, 2017) |
| "Hypokalemia is one of the most common clinical electrolyte imbalance problems, and thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a leading cause of presentation to the emergency department." | ( Fang, YW; Leu, JG; Tsai, MH; Tu, ML, 2018) |
| "Hypokalemia is caused by a low-potassium diet, gastrointestinal losses or polyuric renal failure." | ( Koeppen, M, 2018) |
| "Hypokalemia is of clinical relevance in cattle." | ( Müller, AE; Schneider, S; Wittek, T; Wolf, F, 2019) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common feature in patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS)." | ( Fan, L; He, M; Li, Y; Liu, D; Liu, X; Wang, Y; Xiang, B; Ye, H; Zhang, Z; Zhu, X; Zhuang, Y, 2020) |
| "Hypokalemia is associated with potentially severe complications, including arrhythmias, which necessitate careful monitoring and repletion with potassium." | ( Benge, CD; Burka, AT, 2020) |
| "Hypokalemia is a well-described electrolyte disturbance in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD)." | ( Abensur, H; Cordeiro, L; Dalboni, MA; de Araujo, LKRP; de Jesus, JS; Elias, RM; Goncalves, FA; Moysés, RMA; Pereira, BJ; Piraciaba, MCT; Silva, BC; Steller Wagner Martins, C, 2020) |
| "Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia are very frequent in patients on PD and should be closely monitored." | ( Abensur, H; Cordeiro, L; Dalboni, MA; de Araujo, LKRP; de Jesus, JS; Elias, RM; Goncalves, FA; Moysés, RMA; Pereira, BJ; Piraciaba, MCT; Silva, BC; Steller Wagner Martins, C, 2020) |
| "Hyponatremia and hypokalemia are common among elderly and have been associated with osteoporosis, we evaluate the role of these electrolytes as risk for fragility fractures." | ( D'Amelio, P; Grosso, E; Isaia, GC; Massaia, M; Moirano, G; Richiardi, L; Schiara, LAM; Spertino, E; Tibaldi, M; Vezza, C, 2020) |
| "Hypokalemia is closely linked with the pathophysiology of primary aldosteronism (PA)." | ( Beuschlein, F; Gruber, S, 2020) |
| "Hypokalemia is the most common electrolyte disorder (50." | ( Han, Y; Li, Q; Liang, X; Liu, J; Ren, J; Zhang, Q, 2020) |
| "The correction of hypokalemia is challenging because of continuous renal potassium loss resulting from the degradation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2." | ( Chen, D; Dai, J; Hu, C; Huang, J; Li, X; Song, Q; Su, F; Ye, Y; Zhang, X, 2020) |
| "In conclusion, hypokalemia is extremely common in patients presenting with VT/VF, much more so than in patients with CHF alone." | ( Basil, A; Cooper, JM; Gangireddy, C; Greenberg, RM; Laslett, DB; Whitman, IR; Yesenosky, GA, 2020) |
| "Hypokalemia is common in patients treated with antihypertensive drugs, but the impact of correcting hypokalemia is insufficiently studied." | ( Bonde, A; Bøggild, H; Gislason, G; Kragholm, K; Krogager, ML; Lee, CJ; Pareek, M; Søgaard, P; Thomassen, JQ; Torp-Pedersen, C, 2020) |
| "Although hypokalemia is an adverse effect of Yokukansan preparation, especially in geriatric patients, its association with age is unclear." | ( Hirai, T; Hosohata, K; Itoh, T; Kei, M; Yamaga, R, 2020) |
| "Hypokalemia is a concerning electrolyte disorder closely associated with severe complications." | ( Alfano, G; Ascione, E; Bacca, E; Bedini, A; Cappelli, G; Carli, F; Ciusa, G; Cuomo, G; Di Gaetano, M; Faltoni, M; Ferrari, A; Fontana, F; Franceschi, G; Franceschini, E; Guaraldi, G; Magistroni, R; Margiotta, G; Menozzi, M; Meschiari, M; Milic, J; Mori, G; Mussini, C; Orlando, G; Pederzoli, S; Perrone, R; Piccinini, F; Puzzolante, C; Raimondi, A; Romeo, M; Santoro, A; Tutone, M; Venturi, G; Volpi, S, 2021) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance and is related to poor prognosis in patients with cardiovascular disease." | ( Baek, SH; Cho, SS; Han, SH; Her, SH; Jo, SH; Kim, HJ; Kim, HL; Kim, SE; Lee, KY; Lee, MH; Seo, WW, 2021) |
| "Hypokalemia is one of the most common electrolyte disturbances in clinical practice." | ( Adamczak, M; Bartmańska, M; Chudek, J; Grodzicki, T; Wiecek, A; Zdrojewski, T; Zejda, J, 2021) |
| "Hypokalemia is more often found in the older hypertensive patients treated with potassium losing diuretics, and prevention of diuretic-induced hypokalemia with oral supplementation of potassium seems to be insufficient." | ( Adamczak, M; Bartmańska, M; Chudek, J; Grodzicki, T; Wiecek, A; Zdrojewski, T; Zejda, J, 2021) |
| "Severe hypokalemia is a well-established cause of abnormalities involving cardiac conduction." | ( Brucculeri, MJ; Garcia, J, 2021) |
| "Hypokalemia is defined as a serum potassium concentration below 3." | ( Elwekeel, WM; Emara, EM; Gao, X; Imam, H; Liu, S; Mohammed, MM; Song, H, 2022) |
| "Hypertension plus hypokalemia is a guideline-recommended indication to screen for primary aldosteronism, yet the uptake of this recommendation at the population level remains unknown." | ( Agharazii, M; Goupil, R; Hundemer, GL; Imsirovic, H; Knoll, G; Madore, F; Sood, MM; Vaidya, A; Yozamp, N, 2022) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte abnormality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and has been associated with increased risks of peritonitis and death." | ( Boonyakrai, C; Chuengsaman, P; Eiam-Ong, S; Johnson, DW; Kanjanabuch, T; Katavetin, P; Matayart, S; Parapiboon, W; Perl, J; Phannajit, J; Pichitporn, W; Praditpornilpa, K; Puapatanakul, P; Treamtrakanpon, W; Tungsanga, K, 2022) |
| "Hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia are side effects of certain chemotherapies, including cisplatin, cetuximab, eribulin, and ifosfamide." | ( Kuruppath, J; Patel, P, 2022) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent electrolyte imbalance in patients with COVID-19." | ( Bao, Q; Hu, Z; Huang, Z; Liu, D; Mei, Q; Shao, Z; Wan, S; Wang, W; Xu, Y; Yin, J; Yuan, N; Zhao, L, 2022) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common form of electrolyte disorder, which has a higher incidence in hospitalized patients and is closely related to perioperative complications and prognosis." | ( Chu, T; Wu, Z; Xu, A, 2022) |
| "Hypokalemia is a common disorder that can negatively affect organ function." | ( Fitter, S; Hua, H; Moussavi, K; Tuttle, A, 2022) |
| "Hypokalemia is a frequent metabolic effect not yet described in other series, which should be monitored during treatment." | ( Costa, MCB; Czepielewski, MA; de Melo, RB; Mattos, ACV; Rodrigues, TDC; Viecceli, C, 2022) |
| "Hypokalemia is caused by decreased intake, renal losses, gastrointestinal losses, or transcellular shifts." | ( Kim, MJ; Knobloch, GK; Valerio, C, 2023) |
| "Severe hypokalemia is defined as the concentration of serum potassium lower than 2." | ( Guo, XY; Wang, JC; Yao, YX, 2023) |
| "The etiology of hypokalemia is the shift of potassium into the cells, and the clinical symptoms resolve when potassium starts to leak back to the serum." | ( Lee, PT; Ou, SH; Tai, HT, 2023) |
| "Hypokalemia is common in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) patients and is associated with non-relapse mortality (NRM)." | ( Hosokawa, E; Hyuga, H; Kawashima, I; Kirito, K; Koshiishi, M; Kumagai, T; Nakadate, A; Nakajima, K; Sakamoto, Y; Suzuki, J; Suzuki, M; Yamamoto, T, 2023) |
| "Hypokalemia is a neglected issue in the membranous glomerulonephritis." | ( Chang, CH; Hou, YC; Yu, HJ, 2023) |
| "Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia are associated with mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis." | ( Funakoshi, S; Kitamura, M; Mukae, H; Nishino, T; Notomi, S; Otsuka, E; Yamaguchi, K, 2023) |
| "Hypokalemia is associated with increased risk of arrhythmias and it is recommended to monitor plasma potassium (p-K) regularly in at-risk patients with cardiovascular diseases." | ( Bosselmann, H; Bruun, N; Bundgaard, H; Frandsen, E; Haugan, K; Iversen, K; Jensen, HJ; Jøns, C; Larroudé, C; Oturai, P; Risum, N; Saffi, H; Sakthivel, T; Vinther, M; Winsløw, U; Zheng, C, 2023) |
| "CONCLUSIONS Severe hypokalemia is a serious life-threatening emergency, and although the differential diagnosis is very broad, we should be aware of RTA associated with autoimmune diseases such as SS in female patients, especially when combined with clinical manifestations such as acute myopathy and ALI that cannot be explained by other causes." | ( Chai, YF; Gao, YL; Milebe Nkoua, GD, 2023) |
| "Hypokalemia is common in patients of various operations, especially gastrointestinal surgery, which seriously affects the safety and enhanced recovery after surgery." | ( Chen, Y; Cui, YX; He, MF; Li, Q; Yang, M; Zhou, XK; Zhou, Y; Zhu, YQ, 2023) |