Compounds > alinidine
Page last updated: 2024-12-06

alinidine

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID36354
CHEMBL ID278581
SCHEMBL ID828946
MeSH IDM0077941

Synonyms (53)

Synonym
st-567-br
alinidine
st-567
33178-86-8
n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-n-prop-2-en-1-yl-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-amine
alinidin
2-(n-allyl-2,6-dichloroanilino)-2-imidazoline
2-imidazoline, 2-(n-allyl-2,6-dichloroanilino)-
2-(n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)-2-imidazoline
1h-imidazol-2-amine, n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-n-2-propenyl-
brn 0961200
alinidina [inn-spanish]
alinidinum [inn-latin]
NCGC00162175-02
NCGC00162175-01
NCGC00162175-03
st 567 br (as hbr)
st 567-br (as hbr)
st-567-br-(as-hbr)
CHEMBL278581
st 567-br [as hydrobromide]
n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-n-prop-2-enyl-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-amine
dtxsid4022571 ,
cas-33178-86-8
tox21_112002
dtxcid702571
cas_33178-86-8
bdbm85231
alinidina
alinidinum
e7idj8ds1d ,
5-25-09-00280 (beilstein handbook reference)
alinidine [inn:ban]
unii-e7idj8ds1d
n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-n-2-propenyl-1h-imidazol-2-amine
LP00514
SCHEMBL828946
st 567 br (as hydrobromide)
alinidine [inn]
alinidine [mi]
alinidine [mart.]
st 567-br (as hydrobromide)
st-567-br-(as-hydrobromide)
alinidine [who-dd]
2-[n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichloro-phenyl)-amino]-2-imidazoline
allindine
n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-amine #
AKOS028110641
n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-amine
J-019070
FT-0713597
Q4726779
SDCCGSBI-0633723.P001

Research Excerpts

Overview

Alinidine is a recently developed antiarrhythmic medication that acts directly on the cardiac pacemaker cells to reduce heart rate (HR) Alinidine appears to be a safe drug for reduction of heart rate in patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Alinidine is a new drug which reduces heart-rate in animals by an unknown mechanism. "( Alinidine reduces heart-rate without blockade of beta-adrenoceptors.
Harron, DW; Riddell, JG; Shanks, RG, 1981)		3.15
"Alinidine is a new sinus node inhibitor which does not interact with the beta adrenergic receptors. "( Haemodynamic effects of alinidine, a specific sinus node inhibition, in patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction.
Hugenholtz, PG; Simoons, ML, 1984)		2.02
"Alinidine is a recently developed antiarrhythmic medication that acts directly on the cardiac pacemaker cells to reduce heart rate (HR). "( Addition of alinidine, a specific bradycardic agent, to dobutamine in a canine model of endotoxic shock.
Moulart, D; Preiser, JC; Vincent, JL, 1992)		2.11
"Alinidine is a new bradycardic agent that interferes with ion channels and the if pacemaker current. "( Effects of alinidine on metabolic response to high-demand myocardial ischemia.
Caucheteux, D; Gurné, O; Hanet, C; Hue, L; Maldague, P; Pouleur, H; Rousseau, MF, 1989)		2.11
"Alinidine appears to be a safe drug for reduction of heart rate in patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction."( Effect of ST-567 (a specific bradycardiac agent) in patients with unstable angina and myocardial infarction.
Simoons, ML, 1987)		0.99
"Alinidine is a bradycardic agent, which appears to be of potential value in the therapy of coronary heart disease. "( Acute haemodynamic effects of a specific bradycardic agent in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired left ventricular function.
Kreuzer, H; Wiegand, V, 1987)		1.72
"Alinidine appears to be a suitable drug for control of inappropriate sinus tachycardia in patients with heart disease undergoing surgery."( Value of a specific bradycardic agent in cardiac surgery compared to placebo.
Skarvan, K, 1987)		0.99
"Alinidine is a new bradycardic agent which has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of coronary heart disease. "( Safety and efficacy of alinidine in symptom-free asthmatics.
Friedrich, T; Hoffmann, M; Huckauf, H; Kammradt, G; Lichey, J, 1986)		2.02

Effects

Alinidine has no negative inotropic action and has no effect on the linear relation between extracellular Ca and force of myocardial contraction. It has been investigated for a possible mode of action in guinea-pig atria.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Alinidine has been investigated for a possible mode of action in guinea-pig atria. "( Inhibition of positive chronotropic effects of PGE2 by alinidine.
Scholtysik, G, 1982)		1.95
"Alinidine has no negative inotropic action and has no effect on the linear relation between extracellular Ca and force of myocardial contraction."( Pacemaker selectivity: influence on rabbit atria of ionic environment and of alinidine, a possible anion antagonist.
Millar, JS; Williams, EM, 1981)		1.21
"Alinidine has no beta-blocking, muscarinic or quinidine-like properties."( Safety and efficacy of alinidine in symptom-free asthmatics.
Friedrich, T; Hoffmann, M; Huckauf, H; Kammradt, G; Lichey, J, 1986)		1.3
"Thus alinidine has direct negative chronotropic effects, no effect on sinus node responses to sympathetic stimulation, ability to diminish sinus node and AV junctional responses to vagal stimulations without interference at the cholinergic muscarinic receptor, and 4) no effect on AV nodal conduction."( Negative chronotropic and parasympatholytic effects of alinidine on canine sinus node and AV junction.
Hageman, GR; James, TN; Neely, BH; Urthaler, F, 1985)		0.97

Actions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Alinidine did not increase resting potential or accelerate repolarisation, suggesting that potassium conductance was not increased."( Pacemaker selectivity: influence on rabbit atria of ionic environment and of alinidine, a possible anion antagonist.
Millar, JS; Williams, EM, 1981)		1.21

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" 2 After acute oral administration the following values were obtained; Cmax -- 166."( Alinidine pharmacokinetics following acute and chronic dosing.
Arndts, D; Harron, DW; Shanks, RG, 1982)		1.71
" Independent of the route of administration and of the doses given, similar pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for each group and each trial."( Proof of the linearity of the pharmacokinetics of alinidine in man.
Arndts, D; Justus, H; Rominger, KL; Warnkross, H, 1981)		0.52

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The bioavailability following oral administration was nearly complete (0."( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of alinidine in man.
Jähnchen, E; Kasper, W; Meinertz, T; Stützle, U; Wiegand, UW, )		0.38
" From the accumulated renally-excreted total radioactivities, the enteral absorption of the drug was calculated (91%); the bioavailability of orally administered alinidine was derived from the corresponding areas under the blood plasma concentration curves of the radioimmunologically-evaluated parent compound (72%)."( Development and quality control of a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay for alinidine.
Arndts, D; Stähle, H, 1981)		0.69
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51

Dosage Studied

Alinidine does not block the positive chronotropic action of isoprenaline. Alinidine shifted the dose-response curves of acetylcholine and carbachol to the right. It did not affect those for isosorbide dinitrate, isoproterenol and adenosine.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Thirty minutes later, alinidine was administered as a bolus dosage of 1 mg/kg in five dogs; the other five dogs served as a control group."( Addition of alinidine, a specific bradycardic agent, to dobutamine in a canine model of endotoxic shock.
Moulart, D; Preiser, JC; Vincent, JL, 1992)		0.97
" Alinidine (10(-6) M) shifted the dose-response curves of acetylcholine and carbachol to the right, but it did not affect those for isosorbide dinitrate, isoproterenol and adenosine."( Anti-muscarinic effect of alinidine on acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in isolated and perfused dog coronary arteries.
Chiba, S; Furukawa, Y; Nakane, T, 1991)		1.49
" Alinidine was administered at a dosage of 30 mg 3 times a day."( Alinidine in chronic stable angina: the effect on diastolic perfusion time.
Cinquegrana, G; Condorelli, M; Duilio, C; Ferro, G; Spadafora, M; Spinelli, L, 1990)		2.63
" It seems probable that the optimal dose of alinidine was not used in this trial and that the dosage could have been higher."( ST 567 (alinidine) in stable angina: a comparison with metoprolol.
Balakumaran, K; Bokslag, M; Fels, PW; Hugenholtz, PG; Jovanovic, A; Lubsen, J; van Es, GA, 1987)		0.97
" We conclude that administration of alinidine in the dosage used does not lead to a significant deterioration even in patients with strongly impaired left ventricular function."( Acute haemodynamic effects of a specific bradycardic agent in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired left ventricular function.
Kreuzer, H; Wiegand, V, 1987)		0.55
" After 2 control runs which had induced regional contractile dysfunction of comparable intensity, alinidine was infused intravenously at a dosage of 1 mg/kg per 5 min."( Effects of alinidine on exercise-induced regional contractile dysfunction in dogs.
Krumpl, G; Mayer, N; Raberger, G; Schneider, W, 1986)		0.88
" The dose-response relation between alinidine and frequency is not altered by atropine, and alinidine does not block the positive chronotropic action of isoprenaline."( Pacemaker selectivity: influence on rabbit atria of ionic environment and of alinidine, a possible anion antagonist.
Millar, JS; Williams, EM, 1981)		0.77
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (3)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.88320.000229.305416,493.5996AID743079
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.94330.01789.637444.6684AID588834
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.77810.031622.3146100.0000AID588579
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (21)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1508630Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347050Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347045Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID588378qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347049Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID588349qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID504836Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation2002The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16
Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID504749qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation2011Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043
Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID175392Dose required to decrease heart rate after iv injection to spinal rats1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Chemistry, pharmacology, and structure-activity relationships with a new type of imidazolines exerting a specific bradycardic action at a cardiac site.
AID197543Antagonistic activity in the rat thoracic aorta2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Recent developments in the biology and medicinal chemistry of potassium channel modulators: update from a decade of progress.
AID24224Partition coefficient (logD7.4)1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Chemistry, pharmacology, and structure-activity relationships with a new type of imidazolines exerting a specific bradycardic action at a cardiac site.
AID189698Evaluated for decreased heart rate in spinal rats, relative activity was determined1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Chemistry, pharmacology, and structure-activity relationships with a new type of imidazolines exerting a specific bradycardic action at a cardiac site.
AID25620Dissociation constant (pKa)1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Chemistry, pharmacology, and structure-activity relationships with a new type of imidazolines exerting a specific bradycardic action at a cardiac site.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (134)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199092 (68.66)18.7374
1990's26 (19.40)18.2507
2000's8 (5.97)29.6817
2010's4 (2.99)24.3611
2020's4 (2.99)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 19.64

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index19.64 (24.57)
Research Supply Index5.14 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.20 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index21.17 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (19.64)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials22 (14.86%)5.53%
Reviews7 (4.73%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other119 (80.41%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
5-hydroxytryptophan
5-Hydroxytryptophan: The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.. 5-hydroxytryptophan : A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5.		3.0610hydroxytryptophanhuman metabolite;
neurotransmitter
4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium
4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium: muscarinic receptor antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; do not confuse abbreviation 4-DAMP with a similar cpd which does not contain dimethyl groups. 4-DAMP(1+) : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by formal methylation of the tertiary amino function of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine.		1.9710quaternary ammonium ioncholinergic antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
8-phenyltheophylline
8-phenyltheophylline: purinergic P1 receptor antagonist		1.9710
amantadine
amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source		3.0610adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		analgesic;
antiparkinson drug;
antiviral drug;
dopaminergic agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
theophylline
[no description available]		1.9710dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
antazoline
Antazoline: An antagonist of histamine H1 receptors.. antazoline : A member of the class of imidazolines that is 2-aminomethyl-2-imidazoline in which the exocyclic amino hydrogens are replaced by benzyl and phenyl groups. Antazoline is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		1.9810aromatic amine;
imidazolines;
tertiary amino compound		cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
atenolol
Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.		5.243ethanolamines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
sympatholytic agent;
xenobiotic
bupivacaine
Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.		1.9710aromatic amide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
tertiary amino compound
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		4.4570aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
cifenline
[no description available]		1.9610diarylmethane
clonidine
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		13.6912320clonidine;
imidazoline
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		3.06101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diazoxide
Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.		3.110benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
diuretic;
K-ATP channel agonist;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasodilator agent
flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.		3.06101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound;
monofluorobenzenes		anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
glyburide
Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.		440monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		anti-arrhythmia drug;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
guanfacine
Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.		3.0610acetamides
hydralazine
Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		8.3511azaarene;
hydrazines;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
phthalazines		antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		1.9810benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.		2.8840catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
ketanserin
Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.		1.9610aromatic ketone;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
cardiovascular drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist
labetalol
Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.		6.9610benzamides;
benzenes;
phenols;
primary carboxamide;
salicylamides;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
qx-314
QX-314: triethyl analog of lidocaine; RN & NM refer to ion		1.9810monocarboxylic acid amidelocal anaesthetic
metoprolol
Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.		4.3222aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
mexiletine
Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.		1.9610aromatic ether;
primary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
minoxidil
Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.		1.9710dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		3.7721C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
nitrazepam
Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).		3.06101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound		anticonvulsant;
antispasmodic drug;
drug metabolite;
GABA modulator;
sedative
nitroglycerin
Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.		3.3611nitroglycerolexplosive;
muscle relaxant;
nitric oxide donor;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
oxotremorine
Oxotremorine: A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool.		1.9710N-alkylpyrrolidine
pentobarbital
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		3.0610barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		1.9710aromatic amine
pinacidil
Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)		1.9710pyridines
piracetam
Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.		3.0610organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
pirenzepine
Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.		1.9710pyridobenzodiazepineanti-ulcer drug;
antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		6.61106naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
sulmazole
sulmazole: structure given in first source. sulmazole : An imidazopyridine that is 1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-methoxy-4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl group. An A1 adenosine receptor antagonist, it was formerly used as a cardiotonic agent.		1.9710imidazopyridine;
sulfoxide		adenosine A1 receptor antagonist;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
tolazoline
Tolazoline: A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.. tolazoline : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole substituted by a benzyl group.		1.9810imidazolesalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
zopiclone
zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.		3.0610monochloropyridine;
pyrrolopyrazine		central nervous system depressant;
sedative
phentolamine
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.		3.0750imidazoles;
phenols;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
carbachol
Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.		7.8840ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.		1.9810glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
quinuclidines
Quinuclidines: A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group.		1.9710quinuclidines;
saturated organic heterobicyclic parent
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		2.6730pyrrole;
secondary amine
yohimbine
Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.		3.4720methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylatealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
chlormethiazole
Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.		3.0610thiazoles
metylperon
metylperon: RN given refers to parent cpd		1.9610aromatic ketone
chlorine
Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.		1.9610diatomic chlorine;
gas molecular entity		bleaching agent
timolol
(S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.		1.9610timololanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin
Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.		6.9610tryptamines
dobutamine
Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		7.8840catecholamine;
secondary amine		beta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
sq-11725
Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.		1.9610
n-cyano-n'-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-n''-(3-pyridinyl)guanidine
N-cyano-N'-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-N''-(3-pyridinyl)guanidine: potassium channel opener		210pyridines
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.		1.9710alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
idazoxan
Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.		210benzodioxine;
imidazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist
sertindole
sertindole : A phenylindole that is 1H-indole which is substituted on the nitrogen by a p-chlorophenyl group, at position 5 by chlorine, and at position 3 by a piperidin-4-yl group, which is itself substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl group.		3.110heteroarylpiperidine;
imidazolidinone;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
phenylindole		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
bms 180448
[no description available]		3.110
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit		7.6630adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
u 37883a
U 37883A: an antagonist of vascular ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers; structure given in first source		3.110
zatebradine
[no description available]		11.54100benzazepine
cromakalim
Cromakalim: A potassium-channel opening vasodilator that has been investigated in the management of hypertension. It has also been tried in patients with asthma. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p352)		9.1850
falipamil
falipamil: bradycardic agent which blocks myocardial calcium channels in frequency- & voltage-dependent manner; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in Unlisted Drugs		5.79120
afdx 116
otenzepad: cardioselective muscarinic receptor antagonist; structure given in first source		1.9710benzodiazepine
n-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)adenosine
N-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)adenosine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		1.9710
bms 180448
BMS 180448: a potassium channel opener with cardioprotective and vasodilator properties; BMS-180426 is enantiomer with no antiischemic activity; structure in first source		1.9910
3-quinuclidinyl-4-iodobenzilate
[no description available]		1.9710
zd 7288
ICI D2788: a sinoatrial node modulator; may be of use in treatment of ischaemic heart disease by increasing heart rate without impairing cardiac function		4.5240
ivabradine
Ivabradine: A benzazepine derivative and selective HYPERPOLARIZATION-ACTIVATED CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNELS inhibitor that lowers the heart rate. It is used in the treatment of CHRONIC STABLE ANGINA in patients unable to take BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS, and in the treatment of HEART FAILURE.. ivabradine : A member of the class of benzazepines that is 7,8-dimethoxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepin-2-one in which the amide hydrogen is replaced by a [{[(7S)-3,4-dimethoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-trien-7-yl]methyl}(methyl)amino]propyl} group. Used (as its hydrochloride salt) to treat patients with angina who have intolerance to beta blockers and/or heart failure.		4.6630aromatic ether;
benzazepine;
carbobicyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiotonic drug
atropine
tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.		3.0650
bms204352
BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source		3.110
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		1.9510cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
clamikalant
clamikalant: inhibits ATP-sensitive potassium channel; structure in first source		3.110
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.		1.9610prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
cesium
Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.		2.6630alkali metal atom
barium
Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.		1.9610alkaline earth metal atom;
elemental barium
guanabenz
Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.		3.0610dichlorobenzene
e 4080
[no description available]		1.9810
6-cyano-4-(n-ethylsulfonyl-n-methylamino)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylchromane, (trans-(+))-isomer
[no description available]		3.110
bms 191095
BMS 191095: a mitochondrial K(ATP) opener; structure in first source		3.110
kw 7158
KW 7158: an afferent nerve inhibitor		3.110
way 133537
[no description available]		3.110
hmr 1556
HMR 1556: an I(Ks) channel blocker; structure in first source		3.110
pituitrin
Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR).		1.9810
sodium oxybate
Sodium Oxybate: The sodium salt of 4-hydroxybutyric acid. It is used for both induction and maintenance of ANESTHESIA.		3.0610
cardiovascular agents
Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.		9.7476
piperidines
Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.		2.3720
guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.		1.9710guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Angor Pectoris
[description not available]		08.32127
Arrhythmia
[description not available]		013.53133
Asthma, Bronchial
[description not available]		04.6921
Heart Disease, Ischemic
[description not available]		02.9210
Angina Pectoris
The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.		013.32127
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.		08.53133
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).		09.6921
Urinary Incontinence
Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine. It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes. Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.		02.9210
Myocardial Ischemia
A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).		02.9210
Contact Dermatitis
[description not available]		02.2110
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		02.6930
Itching
[description not available]		02.2110
Dermatitis, Contact
A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.		02.2110
Pruritus
An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.		02.2110
Sinus Tachycardia
[description not available]		03.3120
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
[description not available]		02.0210
Bradyarrhythmia
[description not available]		03.2360
Cardiovascular Stroke
[description not available]		07.46102
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.		08.2360
Myocardial Infarction
NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).		012.46102
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.		02.0210
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary
[description not available]		02.9410
Coronary Artery Disease
Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.		02.9410
Cardiac Failure
[description not available]		02.3720
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		07.3720
Angina at Rest
[description not available]		02.3720
Angina, Unstable
Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		02.3720
Coronary Heart Disease
[description not available]		010.97101
Coronary Disease
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.		010.97101
Cardiac Neurosis
[description not available]		05.5232
Tachyarrhythmia
[description not available]		04.6721
Tachycardia
Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.		09.6721
Muscle Relaxation
That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.		01.9610
Electrolytes
Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		01.9610
Atrioventricular Nodal Re-Entrant Tachycardia
[description not available]		02.910
Tachycardia, Ventricular
An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).		02.910
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		01.9910
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		01.9910
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		02.3920
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.		0210
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		01.9810
Anesthesia
A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.		02.6730
E coli Infections
[description not available]		01.9810
Endotoxin Shock
[description not available]		01.9810
Escherichia coli Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.		01.9810
Shock, Septic
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.		01.9810
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		03.7621
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		03.7621
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		01.9710
Pleurisy
INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.		01.9710
Complication, Intraoperative
[description not available]		01.9710
Death, Sudden
The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions, manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions.		01.9710
Ventricular Fibrillation
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.		07.3720
A-V Dissociation
[description not available]		01.9710
Cardiac Diseases
[description not available]		01.9710
Heart Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.		01.9710
Day Blindness
[description not available]		01.9710
Complication, Postoperative
[description not available]		03.3511
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.		03.3511
Tachycardia, Supraventricular
A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.		03.3511
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