glyceryl 2-arachidonate: binds to cannabinoid receptors; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
2-arachidonoylglycerol : An endocannabinoid and an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). It is an ester formed from omega-6-arachidonic acid and glycerol. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
ID Source | ID |
---|---|
PubMed CID | 5282280 |
CHEMBL ID | 122972 |
CHEBI ID | 52392 |
SCHEMBL ID | 136277 |
MeSH ID | M0248992 |
Synonym |
---|
2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-ag) |
1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl (5z,8z,11z,14z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate |
chembl122972 , |
bdbm26144 |
BRD-K71198913-001-02-3 |
gtpl729 |
1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanyl (5z,8z,11z,14z)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate |
[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl] (5z,8z,11z,14z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate |
2-arachidonoyl glycerol |
53847-30-6 |
2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol |
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, (5z,8z,11z,14z)- |
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, (all-z)- |
2-ara-gl |
2-arachidonoyl-glycerol |
2-arachidonyl-glycerol |
PDSP2_000790 |
2-monoarachidonoylglycerol |
glyceryl 2-arachidonate |
IDI1_033883 |
BSPBIO_001413 |
PDSP1_000803 |
(5z,8z,11z,14z)-eicosatetraenoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester |
2-arachidonyl glycerol, ~10 mg/ml, >=98% (hplc) |
2-arachidonylglycerol |
NCGC00161389-03 |
NCGC00161389-01 |
NCGC00161389-02 |
2-ag |
2-arachidonoylglycerol |
NCGC00161389-04 |
2-(5z,8z,11z,14z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol |
CHEBI:52392 , |
HMS1989G15 |
5z,8z,11z,14z-eicosatetraenoic acid, 2-glyceryl ester |
2-arachidonoylglycero |
L000057 |
2-oarachidonoyl glycerol |
BML3-F09 |
HMS1791G15 |
HMS1361G15 |
mg(0:0/20:4(5z,8z,11z,14z)/0:0) |
2-(5z,8z,11z,14z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycerol |
LMGL01010023 |
unii-8d239qdw64 |
8d239qdw64 , |
2-arachidonyl glycerol |
FA028 |
SCHEMBL136277 |
(5z,8z,11z,14z)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester |
W-204228 |
AKOS024456515 |
HMS3649C03 |
HMS3402G15 |
924894-97-3 |
(5z,8z,11z,14z)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid |
mg(0:0/20:4n6) |
mag(0:0/20:4w6) |
(5z,8z,11z,14z)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate |
mag(0:0/20:4n6) |
2-(5z,8z,11z,14z-eicosatetraenoyl)-rac-glycerol |
(all-z)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid |
mg(0:0/20:4w6) |
2-monoarachidonoylglycerolbeta-monoacylglycerol |
HY-W011051 |
CS-W011767 |
Q209320 |
(all-z)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate |
sr-01000946555 |
SR-01000946555-1 |
DTXSID001017454 |
5z,8z,11z,14z-eicosatetraenoicacid,2-glycerol-1,1,2,3,3-d5ester |
F85611 |
2-ag-d8 |
Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
---|---|---|
" Of all the arsenic derivatives, arsenite is the one of the most toxic compounds." | ( Metabolomic assessment of arsenite toxicity and novel biomarker discovery in early development of zebrafish embryos. Ho, SH; Huang, PL; Lai, YH; Lin, YC; Phan, NN; Tsai, CH; Wang, JC; Wu, SY; Yang, CH; Yu, HG, 2018) | 0.48 |
Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
---|---|---|
"A simple and reliable method was developed and validated to determine the endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in rat brain samples by micro salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SALLLE/UHPLC-MS/MS)." | ( A micro salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to determine anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in rat brain samples. Oliveira, IGC; Queiroz, MEC, 2020) | 0.56 |
Role | Description |
---|---|
human metabolite | Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens). |
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] |
Class | Description |
---|---|
endocannabinoid | A class of cannabinoids present in mammalian biological fluids and tissues that activate cannabinoid receptors. |
2-acylglycerol 20:4 | A 2-monoglyceride in which the acyl group contains 20 carbons and 4 double bonds. |
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] |
Pathway | Proteins | Compounds |
---|---|---|
Hemostasis | 239 | 44 |
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation | 63 | 15 |
Effects of PIP2 hydrolysis | 1 | 10 |
Arachidonate production from DAG | 1 | 6 |
Signaling Pathways | 1269 | 117 |
Signaling by GPCR | 249 | 55 |
GPCR downstream signalling | 172 | 52 |
G alpha (q) signalling events | 79 | 28 |
Orexin receptor pathway | 29 | 15 |
Cannabinoid receptor signaling | 0 | 20 |
Thermogenesis | 0 | 18 |
Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0126 | 0.0032 | 45.4673 | 12,589.2998 | AID2517 |
Chain A, Cruzipain | Trypanosoma cruzi | Potency | 12.5893 | 0.0020 | 14.6779 | 39.8107 | AID1476 |
phosphopantetheinyl transferase | Bacillus subtilis | Potency | 3.5481 | 0.1413 | 37.9142 | 100.0000 | AID1490 |
Microtubule-associated protein tau | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1189 | 0.1800 | 13.5574 | 39.8107 | AID1460 |
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.3872 | 0.0112 | 12.4002 | 100.0000 | AID1030 |
alpha-galactosidase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 4.4668 | 18.3916 | 35.4813 | AID1467 |
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1838 | 0.0018 | 15.6638 | 39.8107 | AID894 |
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 0.3548 | 28.0659 | 89.1251 | AID504847 |
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.0316 | 22.3146 | 100.0000 | AID588579 |
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.2512 | 15.8432 | 39.8107 | AID504327 |
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 5.0000 | 0.0006 | 1.2747 | 6.0000 | AID71609 |
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 0.0610 | 0.0210 | 0.3483 | 2.0000 | AID1802031 |
Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.3480 | 0.0002 | 0.5665 | 10.0000 | AID1127485; AID1287160; AID49667 |
Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.6055 | 0.0001 | 0.5077 | 9.6000 | AID1363876; AID1630814; AID607136; AID633466 |
Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 1.3750 | 0.0000 | 0.4156 | 10.0000 | AID1127483; AID1630815; AID607137; AID633467 |
Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.1000 | 0.0200 | 0.2206 | 0.9120 | AID49864 |
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 (µMol) | 0.0230 | 0.0001 | 0.1275 | 2.2400 | AID284759 |
Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 (µMol) | 0.0170 | 0.0003 | 0.1517 | 3.2800 | AID284761 |
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
---|---|---|
protein binding | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
phospholipid binding | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
fatty acid amide hydrolase activity | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
identical protein binding | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
acylglycerol lipase activity | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
amidase activity | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
cannabinoid receptor activity | Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
protein binding | Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
identical protein binding | Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
G protein-coupled receptor activity | Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
protein binding | Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
cannabinoid receptor activity | Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] |
Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
---|---|---|---|---|
AID1626212 | Binding affinity to PDEA modified AGP (unknown origin) at 40 uM by surface plasmon resonance method | 2016 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14 | Chromenopyrazole, a Versatile Cannabinoid Scaffold with in Vivo Activity in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. |
AID284761 | Agonist activity at CB2 receptor expressed in HL60 cells assessed as increase in intracellular free calcium concentrations | 2007 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2 | Synthesis and biological evaluation of several structural analogs of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand. |
AID143900 | Inhibition of N-arachidonoylethanolamine transporter (AEA) activity in human lymphoma U937 cell using [3H]AEA as substrate in the 0-1000 nM conc. | 2002 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 45, Issue:17 | Oxygenated metabolites of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol: conformational analysis and interaction with cannabinoid receptors, membrane transporter, and fatty acid amide hydrolase. |
AID263853 | Efficacy at CB1 receptor in rat brain by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay (basal value set at 100%) | 2006 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9 | Alpha-methylated derivatives of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol: synthesis, CB1 receptor activity, and enzymatic stability. |
AID284762 | Antagonist activity at CB2 receptor expressed in HL60 cells assessed as abrogation of 2-archidonoylglycerol-induced increase in intracellular free calcium levels | 2007 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2 | Synthesis and biological evaluation of several structural analogs of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand. |
AID633468 | Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for human CB2 receptor to Ki for human CB1 receptor | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Resorcinol-sn-glycerol derivatives: novel 2-arachidonoylglycerol mimetics endowed with high affinity and selectivity for cannabinoid type 1 receptor. |
AID38685 | Tested for hydrolysis by rat brain microsomal anandamide amidohydrolase (AAH). | 1999 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5 | Substrate specificity and stereoselectivity of rat brain microsomal anandamide amidohydrolase. |
AID607136 | Displacement of [3H]-CP55940 from human CB1 receptor expressed in HEK-293-EBNA cell membranes after 90 mins by scintillation counting | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 54, Issue:14 | Development of endocannabinoid-based chemical probes for the study of cannabinoid receptors. |
AID1127507 | Selectivity ratio of Ki for human CB2 receptor to Ki for rat CB1 receptor | 2013 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21 | Therapeutic utility of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB(2)) selective agonists. |
AID607137 | Displacement of [3H]-CP55940 from human CB2 receptor expressed in HEK-293-EBNA cell membranes after 90 mins by scintillation counting | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 54, Issue:14 | Development of endocannabinoid-based chemical probes for the study of cannabinoid receptors. |
AID1363876 | Binding affinity to CB1R (unknown origin) | 2017 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-12, Volume: 60, Issue:1 | Therapeutic Potential of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase, Monoacylglycerol Lipase, and N-Acylethanolamine Acid Amidase Inhibitors. |
AID1626211 | Binding affinity to human serum albumin at 40 uM by surface plasmon resonance method | 2016 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14 | Chromenopyrazole, a Versatile Cannabinoid Scaffold with in Vivo Activity in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. |
AID263855 | Potency at CB1 receptor in rat brain by [35S]GTP-gamma-S binding assay | 2006 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9 | Alpha-methylated derivatives of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol: synthesis, CB1 receptor activity, and enzymatic stability. |
AID1630814 | Binding affinity to CB1 receptor (unknown origin) | |||
AID546207 | Antimicrobial activity against Hartmannella vermiformis assessed as number of viable cells/ml at 10 ug/ml upto 3 days by hemocytometer relative to control | 2010 | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7 | Endocannabinoids inhibit the growth of free-living amoebae. |
AID49667 | Displacement of [3H]CP-55940 from rat forebrain membrane which expresses Cannabinoid receptor 1 in the presence of PMSF | 2002 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 45, Issue:17 | Oxygenated metabolites of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol: conformational analysis and interaction with cannabinoid receptors, membrane transporter, and fatty acid amide hydrolase. |
AID309556 | Inhibition of partially purified Sprague-Dawley rat MGL assessed as substrate hydrolysis | 2007 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 17, Issue:21 | Conformationally constrained analogues of 2-arachidonoylglycerol. |
AID309555 | Inhibition of partially purified Sprague-Dawley rat FAAH assessed as substrate hydrolysis | 2007 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 17, Issue:21 | Conformationally constrained analogues of 2-arachidonoylglycerol. |
AID1127485 | Binding affinity to rat CB1 receptor | 2013 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21 | Therapeutic utility of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB(2)) selective agonists. |
AID38682 | Tested for hydrolysis by rat brain microsomal anandamide amidohydrolase (AAH). | 1999 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-11, Volume: 42, Issue:5 | Substrate specificity and stereoselectivity of rat brain microsomal anandamide amidohydrolase. |
AID546206 | Antimicrobial activity against Acanthamoeba castellanii assessed as number of viable cells/ml at 10 ug/ml upto 3 days by hemocytometer relative to control | 2010 | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7 | Endocannabinoids inhibit the growth of free-living amoebae. |
AID633467 | Displacement of [3H]CP55940 from human CB2 receptor expressed in human HEK293 cells | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Resorcinol-sn-glycerol derivatives: novel 2-arachidonoylglycerol mimetics endowed with high affinity and selectivity for cannabinoid type 1 receptor. |
AID284759 | Agonist activity at CB1 receptor expressed in NG108-15 cells assessed as increase in intracellular free calcium concentrations | 2007 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2 | Synthesis and biological evaluation of several structural analogs of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand. |
AID49864 | Displacement of [3H]CP-55940 from rat forebrain membrane which expresses Cannabinoid receptor 2 in the presence of PMSF | 2002 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 45, Issue:17 | Oxygenated metabolites of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol: conformational analysis and interaction with cannabinoid receptors, membrane transporter, and fatty acid amide hydrolase. |
AID546208 | Antimicrobial activity against Willaertia magna c2c Maky ATCC PTA-7824 assessed as number of viable cells/ml at 10 ug/ml upto 3 days by hemocytometer relative to control | 2010 | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7 | Endocannabinoids inhibit the growth of free-living amoebae. |
AID284760 | Antagonist activity at CB1 receptor expressed in NG108-15 cells assessed as abrogation of 2-archidonoylglycerol-induced increase in intracellular free calcium levels | 2007 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2 | Synthesis and biological evaluation of several structural analogs of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand. |
AID633466 | Displacement of [3H]CP55940 from human CB1 receptor expressed in human HEK293 cells | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Resorcinol-sn-glycerol derivatives: novel 2-arachidonoylglycerol mimetics endowed with high affinity and selectivity for cannabinoid type 1 receptor. |
AID1287160 | Displacement of [3H]CP55940 from CB1 receptor in Wistar rat brain incubated for 60 mins by radioactive filter binding assay | 2016 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112 | Tricyclic pyrazoles. Part 8. Synthesis, biological evaluation and modelling of tricyclic pyrazole carboxamides as potential CB2 receptor ligands with antagonist/inverse agonist properties. |
AID71609 | Inhibition of Fatty-acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activity in human lymphoma U937 cell using [3H]AEA as substrate in the 0-25 uM conc | 2002 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 45, Issue:17 | Oxygenated metabolites of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol: conformational analysis and interaction with cannabinoid receptors, membrane transporter, and fatty acid amide hydrolase. |
AID1630815 | Binding affinity to CB2 receptor (unknown origin) | |||
AID1127483 | Binding affinity to human CB2 receptor | 2013 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21 | Therapeutic utility of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB(2)) selective agonists. |
AID588519 | A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities | 2011 | Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3 | High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors. |
AID540299 | A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21 | Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
AID1346753 | Rat CB1 receptor (Cannabinoid receptors) | 1995 | Biochemical pharmacology, Jun-29, Volume: 50, Issue:1 | Identification of an endogenous 2-monoglyceride, present in canine gut, that binds to cannabinoid receptors. |
AID1346728 | Human CB2 receptor (Cannabinoid receptors) | 1995 | Biochemical pharmacology, Jun-29, Volume: 50, Issue:1 | Identification of an endogenous 2-monoglyceride, present in canine gut, that binds to cannabinoid receptors. |
AID1346728 | Human CB2 receptor (Cannabinoid receptors) | 1998 | European journal of pharmacology, Jul-17, Volume: 353, Issue:1 | An entourage effect: inactive endogenous fatty acid glycerol esters enhance 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity. |
AID1345070 | Human GPR55 (GPR18, GPR55 and GPR119) | 2007 | British journal of pharmacology, Dec, Volume: 152, Issue:7 | The orphan receptor GPR55 is a novel cannabinoid receptor. |
AID1346753 | Rat CB1 receptor (Cannabinoid receptors) | 1998 | European journal of pharmacology, Jul-17, Volume: 353, Issue:1 | An entourage effect: inactive endogenous fatty acid glycerol esters enhance 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity. |
AID1802031 | FABP1 Fluorescent Ligand Displacement Assay from Article 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00446: \\FABP1: A Novel Hepatic Endocannabinoid and Cannabinoid Binding Protein.\\ | 2016 | Biochemistry, 09-20, Volume: 55, Issue:37 | FABP1: A Novel Hepatic Endocannabinoid and Cannabinoid Binding Protein. |
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 40 (3.29) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 401 (33.00) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 672 (55.31) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 102 (8.40) | 2.80 |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (8.07) All Compounds (24.57) |
Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
---|---|---|
Trials | 10 (0.81%) | 5.53% |
Reviews | 145 (11.77%) | 6.00% |
Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
Observational | 3 (0.24%) | 0.25% |
Other | 1,074 (87.18%) | 84.16% |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 7.64 | 41 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule |
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent |
adenine [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound | antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor |
carbamates [no description available] | 6.69 | 66 | 0 | amino-acid anion | |
carnitine [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid betaine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound | bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas |
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
ethanolamine [no description available] | 4.72 | 3 | 0 | ethanolamines; primary alcohol; primary amine | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
glycine [no description available] | 3.59 | 8 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical |
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 3.85 | 11 | 0 | alditol; triol | algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent |
kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline | human metabolite |
malonic acid malonic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.. dicarboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid | human metabolite |
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | cyclitol; hexol | |
melatonin [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; tryptamines | anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 3.82 | 2 | 0 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | human metabolite |
palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
parathion [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide | acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite |
phthalic acid phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxylic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite |
picolinic acid picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | pyridinemonocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; MALDI matrix material |
sulfur dioxide Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant. | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | sulfur oxide | Escherichia coli metabolite; food bleaching agent; refrigerant |
taurine [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion | antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound | cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | NMDA receptor antagonist |
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid: An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
sk&f 82958 [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzazepine | |
sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393 | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound | |
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 3.65 | 9 | 0 | aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | methylpyridines; phenylpyridine; tetrahydropyridine | neurotoxin |
1-oleoyl-2-acetoyl-sn-glycerol [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
14,15-epoxy-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid 14,15-epoxy-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid | |
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | 3.58 | 2 | 0 | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
am 251 AM 251: an analog of SR141716A; structure given in first source. AM-251 : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 1-aminopiperidine. An antagonist at the CB1 cannabinoid receptor. | 7.5 | 60 | 0 | amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; organoiodine compound; pyrazoles | antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; CB1 receptor antagonist |
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
propiolactone Propiolactone: Disinfectant used in vapor form to sterilize vaccines, grafts, etc. The vapor is very irritating and the liquid form is carcinogenic. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | propan-3-olide | |
bisindolylmaleimide i bisindolylmaleimide I: a bis(indolyl)maleimide | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
bml 190 indomethacin morpholinylamide: an inverse agonist of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | N-acylindole | |
celecoxib [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group. | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate | acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic |
ciglitazone ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; thiazolidinone | antineoplastic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug |
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound | |
amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | primary amine | |
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic |
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide | bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant |
disulfiram [no description available] | 3.9 | 3 | 0 | organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor |
dup 697 DuP 697: structure given in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | thiophenes | |
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ether; volatile organic compound | inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound | |
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide | androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent |
gabapentin Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | gamma-amino acid | anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
hexadecanesulfonyl fluoride AM 374: a palmitylsulfonyl fluoride; inhibits anandamide amidase; structure given in first source | 4.75 | 5 | 0 | acyl fluoride | |
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic |
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dibenzoazepine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor |
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic |
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound | analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic |
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound | autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound | analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | guanidines | environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic |
metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor |
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles | |
milrinone [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | bipyridines; nitrile; pyridone | cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
muscimol Muscimol: A neurotoxic isoxazole isolated from species of AMANITA. It is obtained by decarboxylation of IBOTENIC ACID. Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A RECEPTORS and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.. muscimol : A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazol-3(2H)-one substituted by an aminomethyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Amanita. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid; isoxazoles; primary amino compound | fungal metabolite; GABA agonist; oneirogen; psychotropic drug |
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent |
nimesulide nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | 2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent |
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | nitroglycerol | explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide | antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor |
oxidopamine Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease). | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | benzenetriol; catecholamine; primary amino compound | drug metabolite; human metabolite; neurotoxin |
oxotremorine Oxotremorine: A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | N-alkylpyrrolidine | |
fenclonine Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | phenylalanine derivative | |
palmidrol palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid. | 12.07 | 73 | 1 | endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine | anti-inflammatory drug; anticonvulsant; antihypertensive agent; neuroprotective agent |
pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone | EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | acyl fluoride | serine proteinase inhibitor |
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt | fertilizer |
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids; sulfonamide | uricosuric drug |
propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | phenols | anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative |
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
1,6-bis(cyclohexyloximinocarbonyl)hexane 1,6-bis(cyclohexyloximinocarbonyl)hexane: selective inhibitor of canine platelet diglyceride lipase | 3.55 | 8 | 0 | carbamate ester; organonitrogen compound | |
rolipram [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidin-2-ones | antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
sibutramine sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride | 3.43 | 1 | 1 | organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound | anti-obesity agent; serotonin uptake inhibitor |
tyramine [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines | EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
corticosterone [no description available] | 4.28 | 17 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. | 2 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic |
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | ammonium salt; carbamate ester | cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic |
pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | pilocarpine | antiglaucoma drug |
pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
desoxycorticosterone acetate Desoxycorticosterone Acetate: The 21-acetate derivative of desoxycorticosterone. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | corticosteroid hormone | |
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar. | 4.26 | 5 | 0 | glycosyl glycoside | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound | xenoestrogen |
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | aporphine alkaloid | alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug |
adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. | 2 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
carbostyril Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite |
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug |
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 3.94 | 2 | 1 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | chloromethanes; one-carbon compound | carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
dinitrofluorobenzene Dinitrofluorobenzene: Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.. 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : The organofluorine compound that is benzene with a fluoro substituent at the 1-position and two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions. | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | C-nitro compound; organofluorine compound | agrochemical; allergen; chromatographic reagent; EC 2.7.3.2 (creatine kinase) inhibitor; protein-sequencing agent; spectrophotometric reagent |
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 2 | 1 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine. | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
bisphenol a 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | bisphenol | endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic; xenoestrogen |
2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound | |
quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene | |
tolonium chloride Tolonium Chloride: A phenothiazine that has been used as a hemostatic, a biological stain, and a dye for wool and silk. Tolonium chloride has also been used as a diagnostic aid for oral and gastric neoplasms and in the identification of the parathyroid gland in thyroid surgery.. tolonium chloride : An organic chloride salt having 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methylphenothiazin-5-ium (tolonium) as the counterion. It is a blue nuclear counterstain that can be used to demonstrate Nissl substance and is also useful for staining mast cell granules, both in metachromatic and orthochromatic techniques. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
quinuclidines Quinuclidines: A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | quinuclidines; saturated organic heterobicyclic parent | |
cyclohexanol Cyclohexanols: Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.. cyclohexanols : An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton. | 5.68 | 30 | 0 | cyclohexanols; secondary alcohol | solvent |
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | pyrrole; secondary amine | |
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
diethylhexyl phthalate Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | diester; phthalate ester | androstane receptor agonist; apoptosis inhibitor; plasticiser |
framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside | allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite |
scoparone scoparone: structure. scoparone : A member of the class of coumarins that is esculetin in which the two hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 7 are replaced by methoxy groups. It is a major constituent of the Chinese herbal medicine Yin Chen Hao, and exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-tumor activities. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; coumarins | anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; antilipemic drug; immunosuppressive agent; plant metabolite |
benzoxazoles 1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-benzoxazoles; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent | |
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
thiazoles [no description available] | 3 | 4 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
muscarine Muscarine: A toxic alkaloid found in Amanita muscaria (fly fungus) and other fungi of the Inocybe species. It is the first parasympathomimetic substance ever studied and causes profound parasympathetic activation that may end in convulsions and death. The specific antidote is atropine. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | monosaccharide | |
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | azane; hydrazines | EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor |
paraoxon [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aryl dialkyl phosphate; organophosphate insecticide | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite |
cyproterone acetate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; chlorinated steroid; steroid ester | androgen antagonist; geroprotector; progestin |
bicuculline Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines | agrochemical; central nervous system stimulant; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABAA receptor antagonist; neurotoxin |
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose. | 4.08 | 5 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid | antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist |
oleanolic acid [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | plant metabolite |
methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol: Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover. | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
methamphetamine Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | amphetamines; secondary amine | central nervous system stimulant; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; psychotropic drug; xenobiotic |
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions. | 3.67 | 3 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound | epitope; explosive; reagent |
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary |
diphenyl disulfide [no description available] | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
n-phenylmaleimide N-phenylmaleimide: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7104 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
aminoethyl-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane aminoethyl-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane: RN given refers to parent cpd; a silylating agent | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | ||
dronabinol Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. | 11.15 | 63 | 0 | benzochromene; diterpenoid; phytocannabinoid; polyketide | cannabinoid receptor agonist; epitope; hallucinogen; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic |
tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine | |
n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration. | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound | neurotransmitter agent |
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental silver | Escherichia coli metabolite |
gadolinium Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.76 | 2 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
diacerein diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase; | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | anthraquinone | |
tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. | 3.42 | 7 | 0 | ||
stearoylethanolamide N-(octadecanoyl)ethanolamine : An N-acylethanolamine 18:0 that is the ethanolamide of octadecanoic acid. | 3.64 | 3 | 0 | N-acylethanolamine 18:0 | |
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator |
transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
alkenes [no description available] | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | ||
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 7.37 | 33 | 0 | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one octhilinone : A member of the class of 1,2-thiazole that is 1,2-thiazol-3-one substituted on the nitrogen (position 2) by an octyl group. A fungicide and antibacterial agent, it is used for treatment of canker and other fungal and bacterial diseases in fruit trees. It is no longer approved for use within the European Union. | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-thiazoles | antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
s-adenosylmethionine acylcarnitine: structure in first source. S-adenosyl-L-methioninate : A sulfonium betaine that is a conjugate base of S-adenosyl-L-methionine obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | sulfonium betaine | human metabolite |
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL). | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent |
etoposide [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound | antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
substance p [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | peptide | neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent |
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; N-nitro compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
enkephalin, methionine Enkephalin, Methionine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from LEU-ENKEPHALIN by the amino acid METHIONINE in position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland. | 3.41 | 7 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol | adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist |
quinpirole Quinpirole: A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.. quinpirole : A pyrazoloquinoline that is (4aR,8aR)-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-g]quinoline substituted by a propyl group at position 5. It acts as a dopamine agonist. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | pyrazoloquinoline | dopamine agonist |
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound | abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive |
fura-2 Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
gadolinium chloride gadolinium chloride: a macrophage inhibitor; reduces pulmonary injury and inflammatory mediator production induced by inhaled ozone | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | gadolinium coordination entity | TRP channel blocker |
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | organic bromide salt | colorimetric reagent; dye |
methacycline [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diglyceride | |
naphthalimides Naphthalimides: Compounds with three fused rings that appear like a naphthalene fused to piperidone or like a benz(de)isoquinoline-1,3-dione (not to be confused with BENZYLISOQUINOLINES which have a methyl separating the naphthyl from the benzyl rings). Members are CYTOTOXINS. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms. | 2.82 | 3 | 0 | 1,2,3-triazole | |
diethylmalonic acid diethylmalonic acid: isomer of diethyl malonate which is a di-ester | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
tianeptine tianeptine: structure given in first source. tianeptine : A racemate comprising of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tianeptine. It is an atypical antidepressant used in Europe to treat patients who respond poorly to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).. 7-[(3-chloro-6-methyl-5,5-dioxido-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepin-11-yl)amino]heptanoic acid : A member of the class of dibenzothiazepines that is 3-chloro-6-methyl-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepine 5,5-dioxide substituted by a (6-carboxyhexyl)amino group at position 11.. (S)-tianeptine : The S-enantiomer of tianeptine. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dibenzothiazepine; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound | |
beta-amyrin beta-amyrin: alpha-amyrin is also available; a 5 ring triterpene derived from oleanane that differs from alpha-amyrin in having the 29-carbon at the 20 position; RN given refers to (3 beta)-isomer. beta-amyrin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane substituted at the 3beta-position by a hydroxy group and containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13. It is one of the most commonly occurring triterpenoids in higher plants. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol | Aspergillus metabolite; plant metabolite |
rosiglitazone [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones | EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug |
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. | 4.43 | 6 | 0 | 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine | anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic |
abnormal cannabidiol [no description available] | 2.95 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol: noradrenaline metabolite in mouse brain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol : A tetrol composed of ethyleneglycol having a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at the 1-position. | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | catechols; tetrol | metabolite; mouse metabolite |
homocysteine Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine; serine family amino acid | fundamental metabolite; mouse metabolite |
1-methylhistidine 1-methylhistidine: found in muscle proteins; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. 1-methylhistidine : A methylhistidine in which the methyl group is located at N-1.. N(tele)-methyl-L-histidine : A L-histidine derivative in which the methyl group is at N(tele)-position. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | L-histidine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; zwitterion | human metabolite |
glycidyl nitrate glycidyl nitrate: a nitric oxide donor; structure in first source. peptidoglycan : A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the muramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | D-glucuronic acid | algal metabolite |
phorbolol myristate acetate [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
enkephalin, d-penicillamine (2,5)- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-: A disulfide opioid pentapeptide that selectively binds to the DELTA OPIOID RECEPTOR. It possesses antinociceptive activity.. DPDPE : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is a cyclic enkephalin analogue, having D-penicillaminyl residues located at positions 2 and 5, which form the heterocycle via a disulfide bond. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide | delta-opioid receptor agonist |
u 73122 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C. | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides | EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor |
sr141716 [no description available] | 10.05 | 100 | 0 | amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles | anti-obesity agent; appetite depressant; CB1 receptor antagonist |
cp-55,940 [no description available] | 5.19 | 5 | 0 | ||
paxilline paxilline: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4bbeta,6aalpha,12bbeta,12calpha,14abeta))-isomer. paxilline : An indole diterpene alkaloid with formula C27H33NO4 isolated from Penicillium paxilli. It is a potent inhibitor of large conductance Ca2(+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK)-type channels. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | diterpene alkaloid; enone; organic heterohexacyclic compound; terpenoid indole alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | anticonvulsant; Aspergillus metabolite; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; genotoxin; geroprotector; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; potassium channel blocker |
epibatidine epibatidine: a powerful, though toxic, pain killer produced by the poison arrow frog, Epipedobates tricolor; structure given in first source; more potent than morphine but acts at nicotine rather than opiate receptors | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
fura-2-am fura-2-am: pentaester precursor of fura-2 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
cyproterone acetate, ethinyl estradiol drug combination [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
inositol 1-phosphate 1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphate : An inositol having myo- configuration substituted at position 1 by a phosphate group. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine: corresponds to cell attachment site of fibronectin; located near carboxyl-terminal region of alpha-chain of fibrinogen; inhibits platelet aggregation & fibrinogen binding to activated platelets | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
1,1-dimethylheptyl-11-hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol HU 211: structure given in first source; HU 211 is active & HU 210 is inactive as canibinoids; functional N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blocker; RN given is for (6aS-trans)-isomer | 6.56 | 14 | 0 | ||
1,4,7-tris(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane 1,4,7-tris(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane: structure in first source | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent |
sr 140333 SR 140333: SR-140603 is the (R)-antipode of SR-140333; a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
thromboxanes thromboxane : A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
ah 6809 6-isopropoxy-9-oxoxanthene-2-carboxylic acid: structure given in UD | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | xanthones | |
2-palmitoylglycerol 2-palmitoylglycerol: increases 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity. 2-palmitoylglycerol : A 2-monoglyceride where the acyl group is hexadecanoyl (palmitoyl). | 3.16 | 5 | 0 | 2-acylglycerol 16:0 | algal metabolite |
angiotensin ii, des-phe(8)- Ile(5)-angiotensin II (1-7) : An angiotensin compound consisting of the linear heptapeptide sequence L-Asp-L-Arg-L-Val-L-Tyr-L-Ile-L-His-L-Pro. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin | vasodilator agent |
inositol 4,5-bisphosphate inositol 4,5-bisphosphate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | myo-inositol bisphosphate | |
methotrexate [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines | abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent |
agatoxin-489 agatoxin-489: structure given in first source; anhydrous MW 489 Da; isolated from Agelenopsis aperta | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
cd 437 CD 437: selective for retinoic acid receptors gamma. CD437 : A naphthoic acid that is 6-phenylnaphthylene-2-carboxyic acid in which the phenyl substituent has been substituted at positions 3 and 4 by adamant-1-yl and hydroxy groups, respectively. It acts as a selective agonist of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)gamma and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cancer cells. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | adamantanes; monocarboxylic acid; naphthoic acid; phenols | apoptosis inducer; retinoic acid receptor gamma agonist |
escitalopram Escitalopram: S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.. escitalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile | antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor |
4-methoxyhonokiol 4-methoxyhonokiol: an NSAID isolated from Magnolia obovata; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | biotins; vitamin B7 | coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V). | 4.3 | 5 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II | human metabolite |
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
sb 203580 [no description available] | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide | EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent |
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid. | 3.82 | 11 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion | |
cortisone [no description available] | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | 11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
corticosterone acetate [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | corticosteroid hormone | |
wortmannin [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound | anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent |
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion. | 3.36 | 6 | 0 | inorganic chloride; lithium salt | antimanic drug; geroprotector |
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
epiglucan epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone | oxytocic; vasodilator agent |
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | myo-inositol trisphosphate | mouse metabolite |
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite |
nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
ryanodine Ryanodine: A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.. ryanodine : An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
lignans Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed) | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | ||
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | retinoic acid; vitamin A | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule |
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. | 7.88 | 60 | 0 | icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid | Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
prostaglandin h2 Prostaglandin H2: A cyclic endoperoxide intermediate produced by the action of CYCLOOXYGENASE on ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is further converted by a series of specific enzymes to the series 2 prostaglandins. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | olefinic compound; oxylipin; prostaglandins H; secondary alcohol | mouse metabolite |
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca. | 3.89 | 11 | 0 | benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic |
eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone | calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor |
gw 6471 GW 6471: a PPARalpha antagonist; structure in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
prostaglandin d2 Prostaglandin D2: The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesized by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects.. prostaglandin D2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins D that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9 and 15 and an oxo group at position 11 (the 5Z,9alpha,13E,15S- stereoisomer). | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | prostaglandins D | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015) | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | actinomycin | mutagen |
enkephalin, leucine Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion | analgesic; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; rat metabolite |
diisononyl phthalate diisononyl phthalate: dielectric (electric insulating) fluid. diisononyl phthalate : The diisononyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | diester; phthalate ester | plasticiser |
glycosides [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol [no description available] | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzopyran | |
cannabidiol Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4. | 5.79 | 10 | 0 | olefinic compound; phytocannabinoid; resorcinols | antimicrobial agent; plant metabolite |
11-hydroxy-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol 11-hydroxy-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol: metabolite of marijuana; structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 11-hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A phytocannabinoid that is Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in which the methyl group at C-11 has been hydroxylated . Major metabolite of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | phytocannabinoid | human xenobiotic metabolite |
arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | vasopressin | cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen |
gw9662 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide: pretreatment of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors with GW9662 results in the irreversible loss of ligand binding | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
sb 366791 N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamanilide: a TRPV1 antagonist; structure in first source | 3 | 4 | 0 | ||
urb 754 URB 754: structure in first source | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | ||
cotinine Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid | antidepressant; biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
urb 597 cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester: a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source | 6.84 | 46 | 0 | biphenyls | |
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers. | 5.15 | 14 | 0 | capsaicinoid | non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
oxazolone Oxazolone: Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas | antioxidant; chromophore |
thioacetamide Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | thiocarboxamide | hepatotoxic agent |
capsazepine capsazepine: modified capsaicin molecule; a capsaicin receptor antagonist. capsazepine : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist. | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | benzazepine; catechols; monochlorobenzenes; thioureas | capsaicin receptor antagonist |
1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole 1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole: intermediate in the synthesis of imidazolineoxyl N-oxides; partial structure given in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acid; imidazolines; organic radical | apoptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger |
2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide: partial structure given in first source; endothelium-derived relaxing factor antagonist | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
tamoxifen [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator |
t 0070907 T 0070907: a PPARgamma antagonist; structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
u 0126 U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; dinitrile; enamine; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; osteogenesis regulator; vasoconstrictor agent |
6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine 6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine: an mGlu5 antagonist. 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine : A methylpyridine that coinsists of 2-methylp[yridine bearing an additional phenylethynyl group at position 6. Potent and highly selective non-competitive antagonist at the mGlu5 receptor subtype (IC50 = 36 nM) and a positive allosteric modulator at mGlu4 receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo. Reverses mechanical hyperalgesia in the inflamed rat hind paw. | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | acetylenic compound; methylpyridines | anxiolytic drug; metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist |
nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen Dioxide: Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxide | |
raclopride Raclopride: A substituted benzamide that has antipsychotic properties. It is a dopamine D2 receptor (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D2) antagonist. | 2 | 1 | 0 | salicylamides | |
orlistat Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug. | 4.03 | 13 | 0 | beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative | anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor |
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene sulfonic acid [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
4-(3-3,4-p-menthadien-(1,8)-yl)olivetol 4-(3-3,4-p-menthadien-(1,8)-yl)olivetol: has vasodilating activity | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
sr 144528 SR 144528: a CB2 cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure in first source. SR 144528 : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of (1S,2S,4R)-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-amine. A potent and selective cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2 receptor) inverse agonist (Ki = 0.6 nM). | 5.93 | 19 | 0 | bridged compound; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles; secondary carboxamide | CB2 receptor antagonist; EC 2.3.1.26 (sterol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor |
lenabasum lenabasum: a CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist; structure in first source | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | ||
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
sto 609 STO 609: structure in first source | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | naphthoic acid | |
6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
fg 9041 FG 9041: structure given in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
d 609 [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
jhw 015 [no description available] | 4.75 | 3 | 0 | indolecarboxamide | |
am 281 AM 281: radioligand for cannabinoid CB1 receptors; structure in first source | 4.47 | 8 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
am 630 iodopravadoline: an aminoalkylindole; a competitive cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure given in first source | 5.23 | 18 | 0 | N-acylindole | |
sc 560 SC560 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; pyrazoles | angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol 3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol: (-)-CP-55,940 and (+)-CP-56,667 are enantiomers; RN refers to CP-55,940 | 5.68 | 30 | 0 | alkylbenzene; ring assembly | |
bilirubin [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | biladienes; dicarboxylic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 4.35 | 19 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
arachidonyltrifluoromethane arachidonyltrifluoromethane: structure given in first source; inhibits 85-kDa phospholipase A2. AACOCF3 : A fatty acid derivative that is arachidonic acid in which the OH part of the carboxy group has been replaced by a trifluoromethyl group | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | fatty acid derivative; ketone; olefinic compound; organofluorine compound | EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor |
linoleic acid Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite |
calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol | antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
11-cis-retinal Rhodopsin: A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.. 11-cis-retinal : A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | retinal | chromophore; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
leukotriene b4 Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent |
leukotriene c4 Leukotriene C4: The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene C4 : A leukotriene that is (5S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 6 via a sulfide linkage. | 2 | 1 | 0 | leukotriene | bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
thromboxane a2 Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation. | 3.86 | 3 | 0 | epoxy monocarboxylic acid; thromboxanes A | mouse metabolite |
8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid: A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.. all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis double bonds at positions 8, 11 and 14. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | fatty acid 20:3; long-chain fatty acid | fungal metabolite; human metabolite; nutraceutical |
leukotriene d4 Leukotriene D4: One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene D4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and a L-cysteinylglycinyl group at position 6 (6R). | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide; leukotriene; organic sulfide | bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
baicalein [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger |
forsythiaside forsythiaside: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source; from the unripe fruit of Forsythia suspensa (qinglianquiao) | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. | 19.7 | 556 | 8 | endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4 | human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent |
arachidonyl dopamine arachidonyl dopamine: a ligand for the vanilloid receptor VR1 | 3.55 | 2 | 0 | catechols; fatty amide; N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine; secondary carboxamide | |
7,10,13,16-docosatetraenylethanolamide 7,10,13,16-docosatetraenylethanolamide: found in brain; binds to the cannabinoid receptor; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (ALL-Z)-isomer | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | N-acylethanolamine 22:4 | |
1-arachidonyl monoglyceride 1-arachidonyl monoglyceride: causes platelet aggregation | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | 1-acylglycerol 20:4 | |
prostaglandin e2 ethanolamide prostaglandin E2 ethanolamide: structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | prostanoid | |
14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (5Z,8Z,11Z)-14,15-dihydroxyicosatrienoic acid : A DHET obtained by formal dihydroxylation across the 14,15-double bond of arachidonic acid. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | DHET; diol; secondary allylic alcohol | mouse metabolite |
oleylamide oleylamide: plastic additive; can cause contact urticaria; RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; a sleep inducing factor. aliphatic amide : A carboxamide in which the amide linkage is bonded directly to an aliphatic system.. oleamide : A fatty amide derived from oleic acid. | 4.31 | 3 | 0 | primary fatty amide | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
n-arachidonylglycine N-arachidonylglycine: structure in first source. N-arachidonoylglycine : Biologically active derivative of anandamide | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | fatty amide; N-acylglycine | |
arachidonoyl amine arachidonoyl amine : A primary fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of arachidonic acid with ammonia. | 2 | 1 | 0 | primary fatty amide | cannabinoid receptor agonist |
linoleoyl ethanolamide linoleoyl ethanolamide: RN given for (Z,Z)-isomer. linoleoyl ethanolamide : An N-acylethanolamine 18:2 that is the ethanolamide of linoleic acid. | 3.82 | 2 | 1 | N-acylethanolamine 18:2 | EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor |
n-oleoylethanolamine N-oleoylethanolamine: ceramidase inhibitor. oleoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of oleic acid. The monounsaturated analogue of the endocannabinoid anandamide. | 11.09 | 53 | 3 | endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-acylethanolamine 18:1 | EC 3.5.1.23 (ceramidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist |
1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol Peceol: lipid excipient containing readily dispersible mixture of mono- & diglycerides of oleic acid. 1-oleoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride where the acyl group is oleoyl.. monooleoylglycerol : A monoglyceride in which the acyl group is oleoyl with the position of acylation unspecified. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 1-acylglycerol 18:1; monooleoylglycerol | plant metabolite |
nabilone nabilone: cannabinol deriv; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | ||
naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol | antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist |
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn. | 3.19 | 5 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound | anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide: a potent and selective agonist of the neuronal cannabinoid receptor; structure in first source. arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide : A fatty amide obtained by the formal condensation of arachidonic acid with 2-chloroethanamine. It is a potent agonist of the CB1 receptor (Ki = 1.4 nM) and also has a low affinity for the CB2 receptor (Ki = 3100 nM). | 4.58 | 7 | 0 | fatty amide; organochlorine compound; secondary carboxamide; synthetic cannabinoid | CB1 receptor agonist; CB2 receptor agonist; neuroprotective agent |
arachidonylcyclopropylamide arachidonylcyclopropylamide: a potent and selective agonist of neuronal cannabinoid receptor; structure in first source | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | ||
endomorphin 1 endomorphin 1: isolated from bovine brain | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
olvanil [no description available] | 3.1 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
hu 243 HU 243: RN refers to tritium-labeled compound | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin j2 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2: 15-deoxy-PGJ2 is also available; check for double bonds (indicated by delta) at 12 and 14 positions. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 : A prostaglandin J derivative comprising prostaglandin J2 lacking the 15-hydroxy group and having C=C double bonds at the 12- and 14-positions. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins J | electrophilic reagent; insulin-sensitizing drug; metabolite |
l 759633 L 759633: structure in first source | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzopyran | |
ly 320135 LY 320135: cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
lysophosphatidic acid lysophosphatidic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate : A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having oleoyl as the 1-O-acyl group.. lysophosphatidic acid : A member of the class of lysophosphatidic acids obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid. A 'closed' class. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | |
sq 29548 SQ 29548: SQ-26538 is the ((1S-1alpha,2beta(5Z),3beta(1E,3R*),4alpha))-isomer; thromboxane A2 antagonist; thromboxane receptor antagonist | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
(3r)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone WIN 55212-2 : A organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5-methyl-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-hi]indole substituted at position 6 by a 1-naphthylcarbonyl group. | 3.88 | 3 | 0 | morpholines; naphthyl ketone; organic heterotricyclic compound; synthetic cannabinoid | analgesic; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent |
2-oleoylglycerol 2-oleoylglycerol : A 2-monoglyceride where the acyl group is (9Z)-octadecenoyl. | 5.48 | 14 | 1 | 2-acylglycerol 18:1; monooleoylglycerol | |
caryophyllene caryophyllene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom | neurotoxin |
12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid: A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51) | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid: RN given is for cpd without isomeric designation; an arachidonate metabolite which stimulates neutrophils to mobilize Ca and promotes PMN degranulation responses | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110) | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
methylazoxymethanol acetate Methylazoxymethanol Acetate: The aglycone of CYCASIN. It acts as a potent carcinogen and neurotoxin and inhibits hepatic DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | azoxy compound | |
geldanamycin [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
2-linoleoylglycerol 2-linoleoylglycerol: increases 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity. 2-linoleoylglycerol : A 2-monoglyceride where linoleoyl forms the 2-acyl group. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | 2-acylglycerol 18:2 | |
hinokiresinol hinokiresinol: RN given for (S-(E))-isomer; inhibits binding of leukotriene B4 to neutrophils; structurein first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
heroin Heroin: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Parts 329.1, 1308.11 (1987). Sale is forbidden in the United States by Federal statute. (Merck Index, 11th ed). heroin : A morphinane alkaloid that is morphine bearing two acetyl substituents on the O-3 and O-6 positions. As with other opioids, heroin is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and physical dependence, which may develop into addiction. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid | mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; prodrug |
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid: chromogen in glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for determining serum glucose; used in free radical scavenging assays; structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
ici 118551 ICI 118551: RN given refers to (R*,R*)-(+-)-isomer; structure in first source; ICI 111581 is hydrochloride of ICI 118551. ICI 118551 : An indane substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 4 by a 3-(isopropylamino)-2-hydroxybutoxy group (the 2R,3S-diastereomer). | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; indanes; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic antagonist |
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-: An enkephalin analog that selectively binds to the MU OPIOID RECEPTOR. It is used as a model for drug permeability experiments. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | ||
resiniferatoxin resiniferatoxin: phorbol related diterpene ester; potent agonist of vanilloid TRPV1 receptors. resiniferatoxin : A heteropentacyclic compound found in Euphorbia poissonii with molecular formula C37H40O9. It is an agonist of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TrpV1). | 3.81 | 3 | 0 | carboxylic ester; diterpenoid; enone; monomethoxybenzene; organic heteropentacyclic compound; ortho ester; phenols; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | analgesic; neurotoxin; plant metabolite; TRPV1 agonist |
virodhamine virodhamine: arachidonic acid and ethanolamine joined by an ester linkage, like anandamide with oxygen and nitrogen reversed; an endocannabinoid from rat; structure in first source | 5.98 | 7 | 0 | fatty acid ester | |
am-356 methanandamide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (all-Z)-(+-)-isomer | 5.21 | 15 | 0 | fatty amide | |
iodoresiniferatoxin iodoresiniferatoxin: a vanilloid receptor 1 antagonist | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels. | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid | animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant | anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist |
1-stearoyl-2-arachidonylphosphatidylcholine 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (all-Z)-isomer | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
guineensine guineensine: an Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor, from the fruits of Piper longum; structure in first sourc | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
oleoylimidazolide [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
arvanil arvanil: structure in first source | 4.02 | 4 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
noladin ether noladin ether: a cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist; structure in first source. 2-arachidonyl glyceryl ether : A monoalkylglycerol that is glycerol which is substituted by a (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraen-1-yl group at position 2. | 6.35 | 19 | 0 | 2-alkylglycerol; endocannabinoid; monoalkylglycerol | |
am 404 [no description available] | 6.46 | 23 | 0 | anilide | |
omdm-2 cpd OMDM-2 cpd: structure in first source | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | ||
sb 334867-a 1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5)naphthyridin-4-yl urea: selective OX1 receptor antagonist | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | naphthyridine derivative | |
gsk5182 GSK5182: an estrogen-related receptor gamma inverse agonist | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
sq-23377 Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes. | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | cyclic ether; enol; polyunsaturated fatty acid; very long-chain fatty acid | calcium ionophore; metabolite |
jwh-133 1,1-dimethylbutyl-1-deoxy-Delta(9)-THC: a CB2 receptor agonists; no further information available on 8/2001. JWH-133 : A dibenzopyran that is Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol which is lacking the hydroxy group and in which the pentyl group at position 3 has been replaced by a 1,1-dimethylbutyl group. A potent and highly selective CB2 receptor agonist. | 4.57 | 7 | 0 | benzochromene; dibenzopyran; organic heterotricyclic compound | analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; CB2 receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; vasodilator agent |
triacsin c triacsin C: from Streptomyces No. 1228; structure given in first source; an acyl-CoA synthetase antagonist. triacsin C : A nitroso compound that is N-undecylnitrous hydrazide carrying double bonds at positions 1,2,4, and 7. It is a long-chain fatty acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor and interferes with lipid metabolism by inhibiting the de novo synthesis of glycerolipids and cholesterol esters. | 2 | 1 | 0 | hydrazone; nitroso compound; olefinic compound | antimalarial; apoptosis inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.1.1.64 (retinoid isomerohydrolase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
l 745337 L 745337: a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
hu 210 [no description available] | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1-benzopyran | |
kb r7943 2-(2-(4-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)phenyl)ethyl)isothiourea methanesulfonate: inhibits the reverse mode of Na+/Ca++ exchange in cells expressing NCX1; structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol hemisuccinate [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11). | 3.16 | 5 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent |
jte 907 JTE 907: a cannabinoid CB2 receptor ligand; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; quinolines | |
1-(2,3-dichlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-(2-(mopholin-4-yl)ethyl)-1h-indole [no description available] | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | N-acylindole | |
cay 10499 [no description available] | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester | |
CAY10435 [no description available] | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | oxazolopyridine | |
cgp 20712a CGP 20712A: structure given in first source; CGP 26505, a beta1-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, is the (S)-isomer of CGP 20712A | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
arachidonoylserotonin arachidonoylserotonin: an NSAID with antinociceptive activity; fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source. N-arachidonoylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the primary amino group of serotonin. | 3.55 | 8 | 0 | N-acylserotonin; phenols | anti-inflammatory agent; anticonvulsant; antioxidant; capsaicin receptor antagonist; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; human metabolite; signalling molecule |
urb 524 [no description available] | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
am 1241 AM 1241: a CB(2) receptor-selective agonist; no further information available 11/2001 | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | ||
1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-methyl-N-(1-piperidinyl)-4H-indeno[1,2-c]pyrazole-3-carboxamide [no description available] | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
jwh 018 1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole: structure in first source | 3.61 | 2 | 0 | indolecarboxamide | |
omdm-1 cpd OMDM-1 cpd: structure in first source | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | ||
ol-135 [no description available] | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
sch 442416 SCH 442416: an adenosine A2A receptor ligand | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | triazolopyrimidines | |
urb602 URB602: inhibitor of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)-deactivating enzyme, monoacylglycerol lipase, structure in first source | 5.51 | 20 | 0 | ||
nystatin a1 Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | nystatins | |
ly2183240 LY2183240: structure in first source | 3.58 | 2 | 0 | biphenyls | |
methylphenidate N-phenyl-4-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)piperazine-1-carboxamide: a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
hu 308 HU 308: a specific agonist for CB(2), a peripheral cannabinoid receptor; structure in first source. HU-308 : A carbobicyclic compound that is bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene which is substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 2, a 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)phenyl group at position 4, and two methyl groups at position 6 (the 1S,4S,5S stereoisomer). A highly selective and effective cannabinoid type-2 agonist and the enantiomer of HU-433. | 4.27 | 5 | 0 | aromatic ether; bridged compound; carbobicyclic compound; primary allylic alcohol; synthetic cannabinoid | anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bone density conservation agent; CB2 receptor agonist |
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3-(6-pyrrolidin-1-ylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)urea 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3-(6-pyrrolidin-1-ylpyridin-2-yl)phenyl)urea: structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
4-cyano-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-n-(piperidin-1-yl)-1h-pyrazole-3-carboxamide 4-cyano-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(piperidin-1-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide: a CB1 cannabinoid receptor radioligand for PET imaging | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol : A 1,2-diglyceride in which the acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specifed as stearoyl and arachidonoyl respectively. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diglyceride | |
omdm 169 OMDM 169: has antinociceptive activity; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
bms 309403 [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
cholecystokinin Cholecystokinin: A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
dynorphins Dynorphins: A class of opioid peptides including dynorphin A, dynorphin B, and smaller fragments of these peptides. Dynorphins prefer kappa-opioid receptors (RECEPTORS, OPIOID, KAPPA) and have been shown to play a role as central nervous system transmitters. | 3.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence. | 3.56 | 2 | 0 | peptide hormone | |
beta-endorphin beta-Endorphin: A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPTORS and is an analgesic. Its first four amino acids at the N-terminal are identical to the tetrapeptide sequence of METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN and LEUCINE ENKEPHALIN.. beta-endorphin : A polypeptide consisting of 31 amino acid residues in the sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu. It is an endogenous opioid peptide neurotransmitter found in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system and results from processing of the precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC). | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
neuropeptide y Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | ||
iberiotoxin [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
oligonucleotides [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
glucagon-like peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
incretins Incretins: Peptides which stimulate INSULIN release from the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS following oral nutrient ingestion, or postprandially. | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | ||
endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63) | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
a-836339 A-836339: structure in first source | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | ||
palmitoyl trifluoromethyl ketone palmitoyl trifluoromethyl ketone: phospholipase A2 inhibitor | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
9-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-adenine [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
15-deoxyprostaglandin j2 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2: 15d-PGJ2 abbreviation is also used for 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)PGJ2 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide | |
picrotoxinin picrotoxinin: toxic component of PICROTOXIN; structure; noncompetitive antagonist of ionotropic GABA-A receptors. picrotoxinin : A picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid that is 3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-indene-3,7-dicarboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3a, 6, and 7a by methyl, isopropenyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively; in which the double bond at position 2-3 has been epoxidised; and in which the carboxy groups at positions 3 and 7 have undergone gamma-lactone formation by O-alkylation to positions 4 and 5, respectively. A component of picrotoxin. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
am 6701 [no description available] | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
picrotoxin Picrotoxin: A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated chloride ionophore. Although it is most often used as a research tool, it has been used as a CNS stimulant and an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially the barbiturates.. picrotoxin : A mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of picrotoxinin and picrotin found in the climbing plant Anamirta cocculus. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
jzl 184 JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source | 7.25 | 62 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
neurotensin neurotensin, Tyr(11)-: RN given refers to parent cpd & (D)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 5/91 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | peptide hormone | human metabolite; mitogen; neurotransmitter; vulnerary |
pf 3845 PF 3845: inhibits fatty acid amide hydrolase | 5.23 | 5 | 0 | piperidines | |
pf 750 N-phenyl-4-(quinolin-3-ylmethyl)piperidine-1-carboxamide: a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
eoxin c4 eoxin C4: structure in first source. eoxin C4 : A leukotriene that is the 14R-(S-glutathionyl),15S-hydroxy derivative of (5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | eoxin; leukotriene | metabolite |
phallacidin phallacidin: bicyclic heptapeptide from Amanita (along with phalloidin). phallacidin : A homodetic bicyclic heptapeptide having a sulfide bridge. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | homodetic cyclic peptide | |
glycolipids [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines. | 11.49 | 211 | 0 | ||
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
hemopressin hemopressin: hemoglobin alpha-chain fragment | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid 11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; a major acidic metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol in human urine | 3.15 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzopyran | |
exenatide Exenatide: A synthetic form of exendin-4, a 39-amino acid peptide isolated from the venom of the Gila monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum). Exenatide increases CYCLIC AMP levels in pancreatic acinar cells and acts as a GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist and incretin mimetic, enhancing insulin secretion in response to increased glucose levels; it also suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying. It is used an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity agent. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
jzl195 JZL195: inhibits both fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 and monoglyceride lipase; structure in first source | 3.35 | 6 | 0 | ||
am6545 AM6545: structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
urb937 URB937: a peripherally restricted inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase | 3.61 | 2 | 0 | ||
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5. | 3.43 | 2 | 0 | ||
mobic Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide | analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone | |
sar127303 SAR127303: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source | 3.63 | 2 | 0 | ||
epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
s-777469 S-777469: an orally available cannabinoid receptor CB2 agonist as an antipruritic agent; structure in first source | 3.61 | 2 | 0 | ||
jd5037 JD5037: a cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonist; structure in first source | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | ||
mjn110 MJN110: structure in first source | 4.52 | 6 | 0 | ||
lysophosphatidylinositol [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | angiotensin; peptide zwitterion | human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent |
peptide yy Peptide YY: A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion.. peptide YY : A 36-membered human gut polypeptide consisting of Tyr, Pro, Ile, Lys, Pro, Glu, Ala, Pro, Gly, Glu, Asp, Ala, Ser, Pro, Glu, Glu, Leu, Asn, Arg, Tyr, Tyr, Ala, Ser, Leu, Arg, His, Tyr, Leu, Asn, Leu, Val, Thr, Arg, Gln, Arg and Tyr-NH2 residues joined in sequence. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
apyrase Apyrase: A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
amyloid beta-peptides amyloid beta-protein (1-40): although acutely neurotoxic in both rat & monkey cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration in primates resembles more closely to that found in Alzheimer's disease; amino acid sequence has been determined | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | ||
cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes. | 3.83 | 11 | 0 | nucleoside triphosphate analogue | |
batrachotoxinin a 20-alpha-benzoate [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
leptin Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage. | 6.4 | 19 | 0 | ||
filipin Filipin: A complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane function by interfering with membrane sterols, inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and is proposed as an antifungal agent. Filipins I, II, and IV are less important. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hypothermia, Accidental [description not available] | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
Hypothermia Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals. | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
Encephalitis, Polio [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 4.8 | 11 | 0 |
Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 4.8 | 11 | 0 |
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 3.55 | 2 | 0 |
Apoplexy [description not available] | 0 | 4.84 | 4 | 0 |
Acute Ischemic Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 3.64 | 2 | 0 |
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 5.91 | 14 | 0 |
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 10.82 | 107 | 0 |
Ischemic Stroke Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin. | 0 | 3.64 | 2 | 0 |
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 5.91 | 14 | 0 |
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. | 0 | 3.55 | 2 | 0 |
Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810) | 0 | 4.84 | 4 | 0 |
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 6.39 | 14 | 1 |
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 3.81 | 10 | 0 |
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. | 0 | 3.81 | 10 | 0 |
Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 12.06 | 51 | 4 |
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 3 | 0 |
Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.04 | 4 | 0 |
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. | 0 | 3.04 | 4 | 0 |
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 3.95 | 12 | 0 |
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 6.7 | 19 | 0 |
Autism Spectrum Disorder Wide continuum of associated cognitive and neurobehavioral disorders, including, but not limited to, three core-defining features: impairments in socialization, impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. (from DSM-V) | 0 | 2.9 | 3 | 0 |
Autism [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
Autistic Disorder A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V) | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
Alcohol Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 3.48 | 2 | 0 |
Allodynia [description not available] | 0 | 4.18 | 15 | 0 |
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 8 | 0 |
Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4) | 0 | 3.48 | 2 | 0 |
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug. | 0 | 3.57 | 8 | 0 |
Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.91 | 3 | 0 |
Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 2.91 | 3 | 0 |
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 4.16 | 5 | 0 |
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 5.94 | 8 | 0 |
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures. | 0 | 5.94 | 8 | 0 |
Appetite Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
Feeding and Eating Disorders A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
Bladder Pain Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Cystitis, Interstitial A condition with recurring discomfort or pain in the URINARY BLADDER and the surrounding pelvic region without an identifiable disease. Severity of pain in interstitial cystitis varies greatly and often is accompanied by increased urination frequency and urgency. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Alcoholic Fatty Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.76 | 3 | 0 |
Ache [description not available] | 0 | 7.73 | 35 | 0 |
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders. | 0 | 8.63 | 14 | 1 |
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 7.73 | 35 | 0 |
Anxiety Neuroses [description not available] | 0 | 3.99 | 4 | 0 |
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 11.54 | 60 | 1 |
As If Personality [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Anxiety Disorders Persistent and disabling ANXIETY. | 0 | 3.99 | 4 | 0 |
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 11.54 | 60 | 1 |
Clerambault Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
Acquired-Immune Deficiency Syndrome Dementia Complex [description not available] | 0 | 3.65 | 3 | 0 |
HIV Coinfection [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 2 | 0 |
AIDS Dementia Complex A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr 6;332(14):934-40) | 0 | 3.65 | 3 | 0 |
HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). | 0 | 3.36 | 2 | 0 |
Encephalopathy, Traumatic [description not available] | 0 | 3.8 | 3 | 0 |
Brain Injuries, Traumatic A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. | 0 | 3.8 | 3 | 0 |
Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 3.06 | 4 | 0 |
Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction A myocardial infarction that does not produce elevations in the ST segments of the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. ST segment elevation of the ECG is often used in determining the treatment protocol (see also ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction). | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 3.06 | 4 | 0 |
Acute Coronary Syndrome An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally lasts longer than a transient anginal episode that ultimately may lead to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. | 0 | 8.55 | 26 | 0 |
Acute Stress Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute A class of traumatic stress disorders that is characterized by the significant dissociative states seen immediately after overwhelming trauma. By definition it cannot last longer than 1 month, if it persists, a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC) is more appropriate. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Lassitude [description not available] | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
Diffuse Myofascial Pain Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli. | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
Fibromyalgia A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME, CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50 years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1494-95) | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of the Uterus [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Choriocarcinoma A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL). | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma. | 0 | 2.63 | 2 | 0 |
Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available] | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation. | 0 | 2.63 | 2 | 0 |
Weight Reduction [description not available] | 0 | 5.99 | 9 | 1 |
Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT. | 0 | 5.99 | 9 | 1 |
Nicotine Addiction [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Tobacco Use Disorder Tobacco used to the detriment of a person's health or social functioning. Tobacco dependence is included. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Absence Seizure [description not available] | 0 | 3.6 | 8 | 0 |
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder. | 0 | 3.6 | 8 | 0 |
Nerve Pain [description not available] | 0 | 6.45 | 21 | 0 |
Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve. | 0 | 6.45 | 21 | 0 |
Overweight A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat. | 0 | 3.16 | 4 | 0 |
Gastric Stasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
Gastroparesis Chronic delayed gastric emptying. Gastroparesis may be caused by motor dysfunction or paralysis of STOMACH muscles or may be associated with other systemic diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 6 | 0 |
Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.31 | 6 | 0 |
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 4.49 | 4 | 0 |
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75) | 0 | 4.49 | 4 | 0 |
Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking. | 0 | 2.83 | 3 | 0 |
Cronobacter Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Binge-Eating Disorder A disorder associated with three or more of the following: eating until feeling uncomfortably full; eating large amounts of food when not physically hungry; eating much more rapidly than normal; eating alone due to embarrassment; feeling of disgust, DEPRESSION, or guilt after overeating. Criteria includes occurrence on average, at least 2 days a week for 6 months. The binge eating is not associated with the regular use of inappropriate compensatory behavior (i.e. purging, excessive exercise, etc.) and does not co-occur exclusively with BULIMIA NERVOSA or ANOREXIA NERVOSA. (From DSM-IV, 1994) | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Chemical Dependence [description not available] | 0 | 5.18 | 7 | 0 |
Substance-Related Disorders Disorders related to substance use or abuse. | 0 | 5.18 | 7 | 0 |
Depression, Involutional Form of depression in those MIDDLE AGE with feelings of ANXIETY. | 0 | 5.21 | 6 | 0 |
Depressive Disorder, Major Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5) | 0 | 5.21 | 6 | 0 |
Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER. | 0 | 4.11 | 5 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell of Head and Neck [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Head [description not available] | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH; PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651) | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
Pain, Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 3.93 | 2 | 0 |
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 4.64 | 9 | 0 |
ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.71 | 3 | 0 |
Behavior Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.9 | 2 | 0 |
Depression, Endogenous [description not available] | 0 | 4.6 | 3 | 0 |
Dementia Praecox [description not available] | 0 | 5.31 | 8 | 0 |
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 4.64 | 9 | 0 |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94) | 0 | 3.71 | 3 | 0 |
Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. | 0 | 3.9 | 2 | 0 |
Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. | 0 | 4.6 | 3 | 0 |
Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. | 0 | 5.31 | 8 | 0 |
Chronic Pain Aching sensation that persists for more than a few months. It may or may not be associated with trauma or disease, and may persist after the initial injury has healed. Its localization, character, and timing are more vague than with acute pain. | 0 | 3.93 | 2 | 0 |
Absence Seizure Disorder [description not available] | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
Epilepsy, Absence A seizure disorder usually occurring in childhood characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized onset. Clinical features include a sudden cessation of ongoing activity usually without loss of postural tone. Rhythmic blinking of the eyelids or lip smacking frequently accompanies the SEIZURES. The usual duration is 5-10 seconds, and multiple episodes may occur daily. Juvenile absence epilepsy is characterized by the juvenile onset of absence seizures and an increased incidence of myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p736) | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
Acute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder [description not available] | 0 | 4.56 | 8 | 0 |
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month. | 0 | 4.56 | 8 | 0 |
Affective Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 7.15 | 7 | 0 |
Diseases, Metabolic [description not available] | 0 | 4.52 | 3 | 0 |
Nervous System Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 5.11 | 5 | 0 |
Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed) | 0 | 4.52 | 3 | 0 |
Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. | 0 | 5.11 | 5 | 0 |
Mood Disorders Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature. | 0 | 7.15 | 7 | 0 |
Tauopathies Neurodegenerative disorders involving deposition of abnormal tau protein isoforms (TAU PROTEINS) in neurons and glial cells in the brain. Pathological aggregations of tau proteins are associated with mutation of the tau gene on chromosome 17 in patients with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; DEMENTIA; PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS; progressive supranuclear palsy (SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE); and corticobasal degeneration. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Pituitary [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Craniopharyngioma, Adamantinous [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Craniopharyngioma A benign pituitary-region neoplasm that originates from Rathke's pouch. The two major histologic and clinical subtypes are adamantinous (or classical) craniopharyngioma and papillary craniopharyngioma. The adamantinous form presents in children and adolescents as an expanding cystic lesion in the pituitary region. The cystic cavity is filled with a black viscous substance and histologically the tumor is composed of adamantinomatous epithelium and areas of calcification and necrosis. Papillary craniopharyngiomas occur in adults, and histologically feature a squamous epithelium with papillations. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch14, p50) | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Alcoholic Liver Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
Diathesis [description not available] | 0 | 3.06 | 1 | 0 |
Dyslipidemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Dyslipidemias Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 3 | 0 |
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 2.86 | 3 | 0 |
Anorexia Nervosa An eating disorder that is characterized by the lack or loss of APPETITE, known as ANOREXIA. Other features include excess fear of becoming OVERWEIGHT; BODY IMAGE disturbance; significant WEIGHT LOSS; refusal to maintain minimal normal weight; and AMENORRHEA. This disorder occurs most frequently in adolescent females. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994) | 0 | 4.6 | 3 | 0 |
Protein Aggregation, Pathological A biochemical phenomenon in which misfolded proteins aggregate either intra- or extracellularly. Triggered by factors such as MUTATION; POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, and environmental stress, it is generally associated with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Blood Poisoning [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Critical Illness A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY. | 0 | 3.92 | 2 | 0 |
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available] | 0 | 4.91 | 5 | 0 |
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. | 0 | 4.91 | 5 | 0 |
Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. | 0 | 3.92 | 2 | 0 |
Liver Steatosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS. | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 5.88 | 8 | 0 |
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 5.88 | 8 | 0 |
Cocaine Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
Cocaine-Related Disorders Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine. | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
Osteoarthritis of Knee [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Canine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
Osteoarthritis, Knee Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019) | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. | 0 | 3.14 | 5 | 0 |
Fra(X) Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
Fragile X Syndrome A condition characterized genotypically by mutation of the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome (at gene loci FRAXA or FRAXE) and phenotypically by cognitive impairment, hyperactivity, SEIZURES, language delay, and enlargement of the ears, head, and testes. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY occurs in nearly all males and roughly 50% of females with the full mutation of FRAXA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p226) | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 7.09 | 8 | 1 |
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 7.09 | 8 | 1 |
Endotoxemia A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators. | 0 | 5.76 | 4 | 1 |
Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.02 | 4 | 0 |
Huntington Disease A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control; DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS; and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4) | 0 | 3.02 | 4 | 0 |
Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
Leanness [description not available] | 0 | 4.16 | 3 | 0 |
Cardiovirus Infections Infections caused by viruses of the genus CARDIOVIRUS, family PICORNAVIRIDAE. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
Neuritis A general term indicating inflammation of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include PAIN; PARESTHESIAS; PARESIS; or HYPESTHESIA. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
Cranial Nerve V Injury [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
Craniofacial Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
Facial Pain Pain in the facial region including orofacial pain and craniofacial pain. Associated conditions include local inflammatory and neoplastic disorders and neuralgic syndromes involving the trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease are referred to as FACIAL PAIN SYNDROMES. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
Prodromal Characteristics [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Psychoses [description not available] | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
Bipolar Disorder A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Psychotic Disorders Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994) | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
Disorder, Borderline Personality [description not available] | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
Borderline Personality Disorder A personality disorder marked by a pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. (DSM-IV) | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 6 | 0 |
Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199) | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Parkinsonian Disorders A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA. | 0 | 3.29 | 6 | 0 |
Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 3.84 | 11 | 0 |
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. | 0 | 3.84 | 11 | 0 |
Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 4.03 | 5 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 4.03 | 5 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA. | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 2.54 | 2 | 0 |
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 2.54 | 2 | 0 |
Sclerosis, Systemic [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Scleroderma, Systemic A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Becker Muscular Dystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration. Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415) | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 3.44 | 7 | 0 |
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 3.44 | 7 | 0 |
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions. | 0 | 3.39 | 2 | 0 |
Cataract, Membranous [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
Polyneuropathy, Acquired [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
Pigmentary Retinopathy [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
Polyneuropathies Diseases of multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously. Polyneuropathies usually are characterized by symmetrical, bilateral distal motor and sensory impairment with a graded increase in severity distally. The pathological processes affecting peripheral nerves include degeneration of the axon, myelin or both. The various forms of polyneuropathy are categorized by the type of nerve affected (e.g., sensory, motor, or autonomic), by the distribution of nerve injury (e.g., distal vs. proximal), by nerve component primarily affected (e.g., demyelinating vs. axonal), by etiology, or by pattern of inheritance. | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
Retinitis Pigmentosa Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of pigment in the retina. | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Demyelinating Diseases Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Colitis Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available] | 0 | 5.48 | 5 | 0 |
Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS. | 0 | 5.48 | 5 | 0 |
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
Combat Disorders Neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Suicidal Ideation A risk factor for suicide attempts and completions, it is the most common of all suicidal behavior, but only a minority of ideators engage in overt self-harm. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
Gastric Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. | 0 | 3.56 | 8 | 0 |
Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Cannabis Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 4.12 | 3 | 0 |
Marijuana Abuse Use of marijuana associated with abnormal psychological, social, and or occupational functioning. | 0 | 4.12 | 3 | 0 |
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
Hyperinsulinism A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
Ganglion Cysts Nodular tumor-like lesions or mucoid flesh, arising from tendon sheaths, LIGAMENTS, or JOINT CAPSULE, especially of the hands, wrists, or feet. They are not true cysts as they lack epithelial wall. They are distinguished from SYNOVIAL CYSTS by the lack of communication with a joint cavity or the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Hypesthesia Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Devic Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Neuromyelitis Optica A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS; MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Emesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.75 | 3 | 0 |
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH. | 0 | 2.75 | 3 | 0 |
Complications, Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses. | 0 | 3.2 | 5 | 0 |
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight. | 0 | 3.02 | 4 | 0 |
Lung Injury, Acute [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Acute Lung Injury A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological). | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
Recrudescence [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
Anochlesia [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Air Sickness [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Motion Sickness Disorder caused by motion. It includes sea sickness, train sickness, roller coaster rides, rocking chair, hammock swing, car sickness, air sickness, or SPACE MOTION SICKNESS. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting and/or dizziness. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Inadequate Sleep [description not available] | 0 | 3.9 | 2 | 1 |
Chronic Hepatitis C [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
Glucose Metabolic Disorder [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Hepatitis C, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available] | 0 | 2.75 | 3 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Anhedonia Inability to experience pleasure due to impairment or dysfunction of normal psychological and neurobiological mechanisms. It is a symptom of many PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g., DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; and SCHIZOPHRENIA). | 0 | 3.01 | 1 | 0 |
Gestational Hypertension [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic ( | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Pericementitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Periodontitis Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology) | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Chronic Insomnia [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Closed Head Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 3.13 | 5 | 0 |
Brain Injury, Chronic Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may result from DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; BRAIN EDEMA; and other conditions. Clinical features may include DEMENTIA; focal neurologic deficits; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; AKINETIC MUTISM; or COMA. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Aggression Behavior which may be manifested by destructive and attacking action which is verbal or physical, by covert attitudes of hostility or by obstructionism. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 4.45 | 8 | 0 |
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 4.45 | 8 | 0 |
Bleeding [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 4 | 0 |
Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. | 0 | 2.97 | 4 | 0 |
Colonic Inertia Symptom characterized by the passage of stool once a week or less. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Constipation Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Berger Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Interstitial Nephritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 3.15 | 5 | 0 |
Glomerulonephritis, IGA A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Nephritis, Interstitial Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available] | 0 | 5.61 | 7 | 0 |
Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. | 0 | 5.61 | 7 | 0 |
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 4.35 | 4 | 0 |
Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 4.35 | 4 | 0 |
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading. | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. | 0 | 8.28 | 9 | 1 |
Nociceptive Pain Dull or sharp aching pain caused by stimulated NOCICEPTORS due to tissue injury, inflammation or diseases. It can be divided into somatic or tissue pain and VISCERAL PAIN. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Pyrexia [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Ambulation Disorders, Neurologic [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
Visceral Pain Pain originating from internal organs (VISCERA) associated with autonomic phenomena (PALLOR; SWEATING; NAUSEA; and VOMITING). It often becomes a REFERRED PAIN. | 0 | 4.36 | 2 | 0 |
Atheroma [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Hyperphagia Ingestion of a greater than optimal quantity of food. | 0 | 3.89 | 2 | 1 |
Panic Attacks [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Panic Disorder A type of anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected panic attacks that last minutes or, rarely, hours. Panic attacks begin with intense apprehension, fear or terror and, often, a feeling of impending doom. Symptoms experienced during a panic attack include dyspnea or sensations of being smothered; dizziness, loss of balance or faintness; choking sensations; palpitations or accelerated heart rate; shakiness; sweating; nausea or other form of abdominal distress; depersonalization or derealization; paresthesias; hot flashes or chills; chest discomfort or pain; fear of dying and fear of not being in control of oneself or going crazy. Agoraphobia may also develop. Similar to other anxiety disorders, it may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Constriction, Pathological [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Morbid Obesity [description not available] | 0 | 3.51 | 1 | 1 |
Obesity, Morbid The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2. | 0 | 3.51 | 1 | 1 |
Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 3.04 | 1 | 0 |
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 3.04 | 1 | 0 |
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Endometrioma An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Endometriosis A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Apnea, Obstructive Sleep [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY; ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Cognitive Decline [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Anticipatory Vomiting [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available] | 0 | 3.46 | 2 | 0 |
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION. | 0 | 3.46 | 2 | 0 |
Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available] | 0 | 3.9 | 4 | 0 |
Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.). | 0 | 3.9 | 4 | 0 |
Concussive Convulsion [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Labhart-Willi Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Prader-Willi Syndrome An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 (15q11-q13) or by inheritance of both of the pair of chromosomes 15 from the mother (UNIPARENTAL DISOMY) which are imprinted (GENETIC IMPRINTING) and hence silenced. Clinical manifestations include MENTAL RETARDATION; MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA; HYPERPHAGIA; OBESITY; short stature; HYPOGONADISM; STRABISMUS; and HYPERSOMNOLENCE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p229) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Colitis, Mucous [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Fetal Malnutrition [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Symptom Cluster [description not available] | 0 | 3.85 | 2 | 1 |
Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex. | 0 | 3.85 | 2 | 1 |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome A disorder with chronic or recurrent colonic symptoms without a clearcut etiology. This condition is characterized by chronic or recurrent ABDOMINAL PAIN, bloating, MUCUS in FECES, and an erratic disturbance of DEFECATION. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 4 | 0 |
Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 2.97 | 4 | 0 |
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Eczema, Atopic [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Acariasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Sterility, Female [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Infertility, Female Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
Astrocytosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Peripheral Nerve Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves. | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Abnormal Movements [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Angor Pectoris [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Rupture, Spontaneous Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Angina Pectoris The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Aberrant Tissue [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Dizzyness [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Drop Attack [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Dizziness An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Syncope A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Orthostatic Intolerance Symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion or autonomic overaction which develop while the subject is standing, but are relieved on recumbency. Types of this include NEUROCARDIOGENIC SYNCOPE; POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME; and neurogenic ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION. (From Noseworthy, JH., Neurological Therapeutics Principles and Practice, 2007, p2575-2576) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Encephalopathy, Hepatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Acute Hepatic Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Hepatic Encephalopathy A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5) | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Liver Failure, Acute A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Aura [description not available] | 0 | 3.63 | 3 | 0 |
Benign Psychomotor Epilepsy, Childhood [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) | 0 | 3.63 | 3 | 0 |
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321). | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.75 | 3 | 0 |
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Endometrium [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Endometrial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Blood Clot [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
Bile Duct Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Bile Duct Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Cholangiocarcinoma A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
Apnea, Sleep [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Sleep Apnea Syndromes Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive (see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive types. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Active Hyperemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Hyperemia The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous). | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Brain Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Dementias, Transmissible [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Coronary Heart Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Bone Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51) | 0 | 3.71 | 10 | 0 |
Lesion of Sciatic Nerve [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available] | 0 | 3.27 | 6 | 0 |
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) | 0 | 3.27 | 6 | 0 |
Joint Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Arthralgia Pain in the joint. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Acute Pain Intensely discomforting, distressful, or agonizing sensation associated with trauma or disease, with well-defined location, character, and timing. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
Allergic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Bronchitis Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure. | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Central Nervous System Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Central Nervous System Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
Cardiac Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 5.31 | 2 | 2 |
Complication, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities. | 0 | 5.31 | 2 | 2 |
Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
Brain Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 2.95 | 4 | 0 |
Primary Peritonitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
Encephalitis Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition. | 0 | 2.95 | 4 | 0 |
Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs. | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
Peripheral Nerve Injury [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
Peripheral Nerve Injuries Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
Polyarthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
Arthritis Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION). | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Endotoxin Shock [description not available] | 0 | 3.62 | 3 | 0 |
Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status. | 0 | 3.62 | 3 | 0 |
Starvation Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Blood Pressure, Low [description not available] | 0 | 5.56 | 6 | 1 |
Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients. | 0 | 5.56 | 6 | 1 |
Circulatory Collapse [description not available] | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
Prosthesis Durability [description not available] | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
Shock A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs. | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
Brain Swelling [description not available] | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
Endocarditis, Loeffler [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the various organs. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Hormone-Dependent Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Abnormal Deep Tendon Reflex [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Reflex, Abnormal An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Autoimmune Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
MPTP Neurotoxicity Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Bradykinesia [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Diverticula [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Brain Damage, Chronic A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Age-Related Macular Degeneration [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Macular Degeneration Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Axon Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Analgesic Overuse Headache [description not available] | 0 | 4.89 | 4 | 0 |
Abdominal Migraine [description not available] | 0 | 4.89 | 4 | 0 |
Migraine Disorders A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1) | 0 | 4.89 | 4 | 0 |
Contact Dermatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Absence Status [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Status Epilepticus A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30) | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Celiac Sprue [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Atrophy Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Celiac Disease A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
Brain Infarction Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
Adipocere [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
Hyperactivity, Motor [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082) | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Tachyarrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Tachycardia Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Bradyarrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
Bradycardia Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK. | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
Muscle Spasm [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Spasm An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Germinoblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Morphine Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Morphine Dependence Strong dependence, both physiological and emotional, upon morphine. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Leucocythaemia [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Cerebral Concussion [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Craniocerebral Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Brain Concussion A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p418) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Craniocerebral Trauma Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Shock, Cardiogenic Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in heart disease. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Ptosis, Eyelid [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Blepharoptosis Drooping of the upper lid due to deficient development or paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |