tulathromycin profile

tulathromycin: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	9832301
CHEBI ID	182495
SCHEMBL ID	14672085
MeSH ID	M0466009

Synonym
217500-96-4
CHEBI:182495
tulathromycin a
(2r,3s,4r,5r,8r,10r,11r,12s,13s,14r)-11-[(2s,3r,4s,6r)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-13-[(2r,4r,5s,6s)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-5-(propylaminomethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-1-oxa-6-azac
897a3kn7ap ,
tulathromycin
1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one, 13-((2,6-dideoxy-3-c-methyl-3-o-methyl-4-c-((propylamino)methyl)-alpha-l-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-11-((3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-d-xylo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-,
tulathromycin a [usan]
cp-472,295
draxxin
unii-897a3kn7ap
(2r,3s,4r,5r,8r,10r,11r,12s,13s,14r)-13-((2,6-dideoxy-3-c-methyl-3-o-methyl-4-c-((propylamino)methyl)-alpha-l-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-11-((3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-d-xylo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-
S3712
cp-472295
tulathromycin a [mi]
tulathromycin component a
cp 472295
Q839I13422 ,
equilibrium mixture of two isomeric forms, tulathromycin a (90%) and b (10%)
HY-15662
CS-1622
tulathromycin, antibiotic for culture media use only
T-8800
SCHEMBL14672085
DTXSID60274184 ,
EX-A243
AKOS030526118
tulathromycin a, >=95% (hplc)
DB11474
C21788
Q7851973
AMY19375
1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one,13-[[2,6-dideoxy-3-c-methyl-3-o-methyl-4-c-[(propylamino)methyl]-a-l-ribo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-11-[[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-b-d-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-, (2r,3s,4
A12279
1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one,13-[[2,6-dideoxy-3-c-methyl-3-o-methyl-4-c-[(propylamino)methyl]-a-l-ribo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-11-[[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-b-d-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-, (2r,3s
CCG-270497
tulathromycin a 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
(2r,3s,4r,5r,8r,10r,11r,12s,13s,14r)-11-[(2s,3r,4s,6r)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-13-[(2rchemicalbook,4r,5s,6s)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-5-(propylaminomethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-
A849260
(2r,3s,4r,5r,8r,10r,11r,12s,13s,14r)-13-[[2,6-dideoxy-3-c-methyl-3-o-methyl-4-c-[(propylamino)methyl]-?-l-ribo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-11-[[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-?-d-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-1-oxa-6
respirmycin
arovyn
tulaven
increxxa
tulissin 25
respirmycin 25
macrosyn
217500-96-4 component a, 280755-12-6 component b
tulathromycin (ema epar veterinary)
increxxa 25
vacasan
tulieve
dtxcid10819948
tulaven 100
tulissin 100
tulathromycine
tulaven 25
draxxin 25 injectable solution
draxxin 25
tulathromycinum
tulatromicina

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Tulathromycin is a triamilide antibiotic that maintains therapeutic concentrations for an extended period of time. "	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin following subcutaneous administration in meat goats. Baynes, RE; Leavens, TL; Mason, SE; Riviere, JE; Smith, GW; Tell, LA; Wetzlich, SE; Young, G, 2011)	2.14
"Tulathromycin is a macrolide antimicrobial agent proposed for therapeutic use in treatment of porcine and bovine respiratory disease. "	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin and its metabolite in swine administered with an intravenous bolus injection and a single gavage. Chen, DM; Huang, LL; Ihsan, A; Liu, ZL; Pan, YH; Su, SJ; Tao, YF; Wang, X; Yin, SZ; Yuan, ZH; Zhou, W, 2012)	2.15
"Tulathromycin is a macrolide antimicrobial labeled for treatment of bacterial pneumonia in cattle and swine. "	( Tulathromycin assay validation and tissue residues after single and multiple subcutaneous injections in domestic goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). Baynes, RE; Clothier, KA; Griffith, RW; Leavens, T; Riviere, JE; Tell, LA; Wetzlich, SE, 2012)	3.26
"Tulathromycin is a new macrolide antibiotic for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease."	( Direct and indirect anti-inflammatory effects of tulathromycin in bovine macrophages: inhibition of CXCL-8 secretion, induction of apoptosis, and promotion of efferocytosis. Beatty, JK; Buret, AG; Duquette, SC; Fischer, CD; Lucas, MJ; Morck, DW, 2013)	1.37
"Tulathromycin is a novel member of the triamilide class of antibiotics that was developed as a safe and effective single-dose treatment of bovine and porcine respiratory disease. "	( An analytical method for the analysis of tulathromycin, an equilibrating triamilide, in bovine and porcine plasma and lung. Beato, B; Benchaoui, H; Bessire, A; Boettner, W; Español, E; Gáler, D; Hessong, S; Inskeep, P; Keller, D; Langer, C; LaPerle, J; Murphy, T; Nowakowski, MA; Rafka, R; Ragan, C; Renouf, D; Risk, J; Schneider, RP; Weerasinghe, C, 2004)	2.03
"Tulathromycin is a novel triamilide antimicrobial that has been approved for use in the treatment and prevention of bovine respiratory disease and the treatment of swine respiratory disease in the European Union and the United States. "	( Tulathromycin: an overview of a new triamilide antibiotic for livestock respiratory disease. Evans, NA, 2005)	3.21
"Tulathromycin is a new injectable macrolide antibiotic used for the treatment of pulmonary diseases of swine and cattle. "	( Evaluation of tulathromycin in the treatment of pulmonary abscesses in foals. Kerth, R; Klug, E; Venner, M, 2007)	2.14

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Tulathromycin treatment may cause cardiotoxicity, but its effects may be less dramatic than those of other macrolide antibiotics frequently used in veterinary medicine."	( Assessment of the cardiotoxicity of tulathromycin in rabbits. Altan, F; Cetin, G; Dik, B; Elmas, M; Er, A; Yazar, E, 2011)	1.37

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Tulathromycin-ketoprofen-treated animals demonstrated faster improvement of their clinical symptoms (respiration and depression score)."	( Treatment of bovine respiratory disease with a single administration of tulathromycin and ketoprofen. De Koster, J; Stegemann, MR; Tena, JK, 2022)	1.68
"Tulathromycin treatment of pregnant goats did not prevent abortion nor did it reduce bacterial dissemination, colonization, or shedding."	( Tulathromycin treatment does not affect bacterial dissemination or clearance of Brucella melitensis 16M following experimental infection of goats. Boggiatto, PM; Olsen, SC, 2019)	2.68
"Tulathromycin-treated calves had significantly lower odds of developing otitis media (OR, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.82) versus control calves. "	( Effects of tulathromycin on incidence of various diseases and growth of young heifers. Fox, LK; Kelton, DF; LeBlanc, SJ; Leslie, KE; Stanton, AL; Wormuth, J, 2013)	2.22
"Tulathromycin-treated calves in this study had a lower incidence of diarrhea and otitis media versus control calves. "	( Effects of tulathromycin on incidence of various diseases and growth of young heifers. Fox, LK; Kelton, DF; LeBlanc, SJ; Leslie, KE; Stanton, AL; Wormuth, J, 2013)	2.22
"Tulathromycin-treated calves also showed a significantly improved average daily gain and feed:gain ratio (P<.05) compared with tilmicosin-treated calves."	( Comparison of short-term health and performance effects related to prophylactic administration of tulathromycin versus tilmicosin in long-hauled, highly stressed beef stocker calves. Blasi, DA; Larson, RL; Nickell, JS; Renter, DG; White, BJ, 2008)	1.28
"Tulathromycin treatment may cause cardiotoxicity, but its effects may be less dramatic than those of other macrolide antibiotics frequently used in veterinary medicine."	( Assessment of the cardiotoxicity of tulathromycin in rabbits. Altan, F; Cetin, G; Dik, B; Elmas, M; Er, A; Yazar, E, 2011)	1.37
"Treatment with tulathromycin resulted in more first treatment successes and fewer removals (chronics and deaths) in all comparisons."	( Estimating the comparative clinical and economic consequences of tulathromycin for treatment of present or anticipated outbreaks of bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle in the United States. Gasper, SM; Holland, RE; Nautrup, BP; Van Vlaenderen, I, 2013)	0.97
"Treatment with tulathromycin resulted in clearance of L."	( Evaluation of two antimicrobial therapies in the treatment of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo infection in experimentally infected cattle. Behan, S; Bryson, WL; Cortese, VS; Galvin, JE; Lucas, MJ; Penka, DR; Ramsey, D, 2007)	0.68

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The mean apparent elimination half-life (t(1/2)) in plasma was 75."	( Pharmacokinetics and lung tissue concentrations of tulathromycin in swine. Benchaoui, HA; Nowakowski, M; Rowan, TG; Sherington, J; Sunderland, SJ, 2004)	0.58
" The half-life of tulathromycin in goats was 110 ± 19."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin following subcutaneous administration in meat goats. Baynes, RE; Leavens, TL; Mason, SE; Riviere, JE; Smith, GW; Tell, LA; Wetzlich, SE; Young, G, 2011)	1.03
" Pharmacokinetic parameters estimated from the plasma concentrations from single injections were similar between the two groups of goats and to previously reported parameters in cattle and swine."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin after single and multiple subcutaneous injections in domestic goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). Baynes, RE; Clothier, KA; Griffith, RW; Leavens, T; Riviere, JE; Tell, LA; Wetzlich, SE, 2011)	0.69
"Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, which incorporate species- and chemical-specific parameters, could be useful tools for extrapolating withdrawal times for drugs across species and doses."	( Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to predict tulathromycin distribution in goats. Baynes, RE; Clothier, KA; Griffith, RW; Leavens, TL; Riviere, JE; Tell, LA, 2012)	0.61
" The plasma concentrations of tulathromycin and its metabolite were determined by LC-MS/MS method, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of tulathromycin were calculated by noncompartmental analysis."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin and its metabolite in swine administered with an intravenous bolus injection and a single gavage. Chen, DM; Huang, LL; Ihsan, A; Liu, ZL; Pan, YH; Su, SJ; Tao, YF; Wang, X; Yin, SZ; Yuan, ZH; Zhou, W, 2012)	0.99
" In group 2, the Tmax was seen at 24 h post-tulathromycin administration."	( Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in swine. Part 2: Intra-airways compartments. Brown, SA; Cox, S; Fielder, A; García-Tapia, D; Lesman, S; Lucas, M; Martín-Jiménez, T; Robinson, J; Villarino, N, 2013)	0.94
" The concentration versus time profile of the drug and pharmacokinetic parameters in two different lung areas (middle and caudal lobe) were consistent within the groups."	( Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in swine. Part I: Lung homogenate in healthy pigs and pigs challenged intratracheally with lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli. Brown, SA; Cox, S; Fielder, A; García-Tapia, D; Lesman, S; Lucas, M; Martín-Jiménez, T; Robinson, J; Villarino, N, 2013)	0.68
" Pharmacokinetic disposition of tulathromycin was analyzed by a noncompartmental approach."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in plasma and milk samples after a single subcutaneous injection in lactating goats (Capra hircus). Carlson, J; Grismer, B; Rowe, JD; Tell, LA; Wetzlich, SE, 2014)	1.01
" This article reviews pharmacokinetic information about tulathromycin in different veterinary species with particular emphasis on the respiratory system."	( Understanding the pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin: a pulmonary perspective. Brown, SA; Martín-Jiménez, T; Villarino, N, 2014)	0.92
" A pharmacokinetic study was performed to evaluate the clinical applicability of tulathromycin in desert tortoises following a single intramuscular dose of 5 mg/kg."	( Population pharmacokinetics of a single intramuscular administration of tulathromycin in adult desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii). Foster, R; Gehring, R; Kinney, ME; Lamberski, N; Neely, M; Tell, L; Wack, R, 2014)	0.86
" The pharmacokinetic properties of tulathromycin in bison were investigated."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin after subcutaneous injection in North American bison (Bison bison). Alcorn, J; Bachtold, K; Boison, J; Matus, J; Woodbury, M, 2015)	1.02
" In synovial fluid, florfenicol pharmacokinetic parameters estimates were: mean Tmax 7 +/- 2 hours, mean t½ 64."	( Synovial fluid pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin, gamithromycin and florfenicol after a single subcutaneous dose in cattle. Coetzee, JF; Fajt, VR; Jones, ML; Rice, S; Washburn, KE, 2015)	0.69
" The results suggest that the tissue pharmacokinetic properties and residue depletion of tulathromycin can be influenced by the disease state of animals."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in edible tissues of healthy and experimentally infected pigs with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Bladek, T; Gajda, A; Jablonski, A; Posyniak, A, 2015)	0.96
"A tulathromycin concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters in plasma and lung tissue from healthy pigs and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App)-infected pigs were compared."	( The influence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection on tulathromycin pharmacokinetics and lung tissue disposition in pigs. Bladek, T; Gajda, A; Jablonski, A; Posyniak, A, 2016)	1.4
" The pharmacokinetic properties and lung and muscle concentrations of tulathromycin in white-tailed deer were investigated."	( Pharmacokinetics and lung and muscle concentrations of tulathromycin following subcutaneous administration in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Alcorn, JM; Bachtold, KA; Boison, JO; Matus, JL; Woodbury, MR, 2016)	0.92
" The objective of this study was to develop a nonlinear mixed-effects pharmacokinetic (NLME-PK) model to estimate tulathromycin depletion in plasma and milk of lactating goats."	( Estimation of tulathromycin depletion in plasma and milk after subcutaneous injection in lactating goats using a nonlinear mixed-effects pharmacokinetic modeling approach. Allison, S; Carlson, J; Cuneo, M; Gehring, R; Li, M; Lin, Z; Riviere, JE; Rowe, JD; Tell, LA, 2016)	1.01
" A 2-compartment model with milk as an excretory compartment best described tulathromycin plasma and CP-60,300 milk pharmacokinetic data."	( Estimation of tulathromycin depletion in plasma and milk after subcutaneous injection in lactating goats using a nonlinear mixed-effects pharmacokinetic modeling approach. Allison, S; Carlson, J; Cuneo, M; Gehring, R; Li, M; Lin, Z; Riviere, JE; Rowe, JD; Tell, LA, 2016)	1.02
" Pharmacokinetic parameters and drug concentrations were compared between preweaned and weaned calves."	( Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of tulathromycin in interstitial and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid in healthy calves. Baynes, RE; Bublitz, CM; Hobgood, GD; Martinez, MN; Mzyk, DA; Smith, GW, 2018)	0.73
" Pharmacokinetic parameters in maternal plasma were estimated using noncompartmental analysis and were similar to those previously reported in nonpregnant ewes."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in fetal sheep and pregnant ewes. Fajt, VR; Lo, CP; MacKay, EE; Mays, TP; Padgett, AL; Washburn, KE; Washburn, SE, 2019)	0.84
" Blood was collected prior to injection and at various points up to 552 h post-administration, pharmacokinetic data were analyzed as a mixed model using animal as a random effect and method of administration, order of administration, and their interaction as fixed effects."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin following administration to stocker cattle with remote delivery devices. Crosby, WB; Giguère, S; Hice, I; Johnson, JT; Lutz, AG; Rivera, JD; Thoresen, M; Tipton, PN; Woolums, AR, 2019)	0.84
"28 L/kg/h) with an elimination half-life estimated at approximately 22 hours."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in pregnant ewes (Ovis aries) challenged with Campylobacter jejuni. Beyi, A; Griffith, RW; Mochel, JP; Ocal, M; Plummer, P; Sahin, O; Smith, J; Wu, Z; Xu, C; Yaeger, M; Zhang, Q, 2021)	0.94

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The purpose of this study was to determine the activities of two antibacterial agents used in the treatment of bovine respiratory infections-tulathromycin, a macrolide, and ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin-alone, in combination with each other, and in combination with each of seven additional antibiotics (tilmicosin, florfenicol, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, ampicillin, tetracycline, and penicillin G) against bovine Pasteurella multocida (n = 60) and Mannheimia haemolytica (n = 10) isolates for determination of synergy, antagonism, or indifference."	( In vitro activities of tulathromycin and ceftiofur combined with other antimicrobial agents using bovine Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica isolates. Brumbaugh, GW; Sweeney, MT; Watts, JL, 2008)	0.86

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Following a single subcutaneous injection, the drug was rapidly absorbed and bioavailability was excellent."	( Pharmacokinetics and lung tissue concentrations of tulathromycin, a new triamilide antibiotic, in cattle. Benchaoui, HA; Inskeep, PB; Meinert, TR; Nowakowski, MA; Risk, JE; Sherington, J; Skogerboe, TL; Sunderland, SJ, 2004)	0.58
"The absolute bioavailability and lung tissue distribution of the triamilide antimicrobial, tulathromycin, were investigated in swine."	( Pharmacokinetics and lung tissue concentrations of tulathromycin in swine. Benchaoui, HA; Nowakowski, M; Rowan, TG; Sherington, J; Sunderland, SJ, 2004)	0.8
" In this study, the absolute bioavailability of tulathromycin solution was investigated in pigs."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin and its metabolite in swine administered with an intravenous bolus injection and a single gavage. Chen, DM; Huang, LL; Ihsan, A; Liu, ZL; Pan, YH; Su, SJ; Tao, YF; Wang, X; Yin, SZ; Yuan, ZH; Zhou, W, 2012)	0.96

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Applicability of the method to livestock studies was tested with plasma and lung samples from cattle and swine dosed with tulathromycin at multiple doses."	( An analytical method for the analysis of tulathromycin, an equilibrating triamilide, in bovine and porcine plasma and lung. Beato, B; Benchaoui, H; Bessire, A; Boettner, W; Español, E; Gáler, D; Hessong, S; Inskeep, P; Keller, D; Langer, C; LaPerle, J; Murphy, T; Nowakowski, MA; Rafka, R; Ragan, C; Renouf, D; Risk, J; Schneider, RP; Weerasinghe, C, 2004)	0.8
" Dosing to achieve MPC concentrations (where possible) may serve to reduce the selection of bacterial subpopulations with reduced antimicrobial susceptibility."	( Comparative minimum inhibitory and mutant prevention drug concentrations of enrofloxacin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, tilmicosin and tulathromycin against bovine clinical isolates of Mannheimia haemolytica. Blondeau, BJ; Blondeau, JM; Blondeau, LD; Borsos, S; Hesje, CE, 2012)	0.58
" Clinically healthy pigs were allocated to two dosing groups of 36 animals each (group 1 and 2)."	( Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in swine. Part I: Lung homogenate in healthy pigs and pigs challenged intratracheally with lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli. Brown, SA; Cox, S; Fielder, A; García-Tapia, D; Lesman, S; Lucas, M; Martín-Jiménez, T; Robinson, J; Villarino, N, 2013)	0.68
"5 mg/kg subcutaneous dosage is adequate for bison."	( Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin after subcutaneous injection in North American bison (Bison bison). Alcorn, J; Bachtold, K; Boison, J; Matus, J; Woodbury, M, 2015)	0.74
" Based on similarity in maximal serum concentrations between deer and cattle and high lung concentrations in deer, we suggest the recommended cattle dosage is effective in deer."	( Pharmacokinetics and lung and muscle concentrations of tulathromycin following subcutaneous administration in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Alcorn, JM; Bachtold, KA; Boison, JO; Matus, JL; Woodbury, MR, 2016)	0.68
" MPC concentrations provide a dosing target which may serve to reduce amplification of bacterial subpopulations with reduced antimicrobial susceptibility."	( Mutant prevention and minimum inhibitory concentration drug values for enrofloxacin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, tilmicosin and tulathromycin tested against swine pathogens Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus suis. Blondeau, JM; Fitch, SD, 2019)	0.72

Class	Description
aminoglycoside
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	37 (25.34)	29.6817
2010's	92 (63.01)	24.3611
2020's	17 (11.64)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	48 (32.43%)	5.53%
Reviews	5 (3.38%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	95 (64.19%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	3.48	1	1	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
carprofen carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.	2.11	1	0	carbazoles; organochlorine compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; photosensitizing agent
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	8.89	2	1	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	4.21	2	1	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	2.17	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	2.41	1	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
thiamphenicol [no description available]	7.35	17	7	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent; immunosuppressive agent
clonixin Clonixin: Anti-inflammatory analgesic.. clonixin : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a (2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)amino group. Used (as its lysine salt) for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks.	4.4	2	2	aminopyridine; organochlorine compound; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	7.13	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
flunixin meglumine flunixin meglumine : An organoammonium salt obtained by combining flunixin with one molar equivalent of 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.	9.4	2	2	organoammonium salt	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.51	2	0	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.	7.11	15	6	cephalosporin	fungal metabolite
enrofloxacin Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.	6.13	10	3	cyclopropanes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
danofloxacin [no description available]	8.04	4	0	quinolines
florfenicol florfenicol: structure given in first source. florfenicol : A carboxamide that is the N-dichloroacetyl derivative of (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methanesulfonyl)phenyl]propan-1-ol. A synthetic veterinary antibiotic that is used for treatment of bovine respiratory disease and foot rot; also used in aquaculture.	7.35	17	7	organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary alcohol; secondary carboxamide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent
lycopene [no description available]	7.17	1	0	acyclic carotene	antioxidant; plant metabolite
zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.	5.29	4	3	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tiamulin tiamulin: 81723 HFU and tiamutin are for fumarate salt; prevents senescence in ascomycete; pleuromutilin derivative; RN given refers to ((3aS-(3aalpha,4beta,5alpha,6alpha,8beta,9alpha,9abeta,10S*))-isomer. tiamulin : A carbotricyclic compound that is pleuromutilin in which the hydroxyacetate group is replaced by a 2-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]sulfanyl}acetate group. An antibacterial drug, tiamulin is used in veterinary medicine (generally as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of swine dysentery caused by Serpulina hyodysenteriae.	8.85	2	1	carbotricyclic compound; carboxylic ester; cyclic ketone; organic sulfide; secondary alcohol; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary amino compound; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antibacterial drug
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	2.1	1	0	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
leukotriene b4 Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.	2.78	3	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent
lipoxin a4 lipoxin A4: an antifibrolytic agent; structure given in first source; a role in ASPIRIN antiinflammatory activity. lipoxin A4 : A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (6R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds.	7.1	1	0	hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; lipoxin; long-chain fatty acid	human metabolite; metabolite
15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.1	1	0
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	2.1	1	0	benzoxazole
ceftiofur ceftiofur: structure in first source	7.18	16	6
tildipirosin 20,23-dipiperidinyl-mycaminosyl-tylonolide: a veterinary antibiotic	4.96	4	2
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	2.79	3	0
tilmicosin tilmicosin: semi-synthetic antibiotic. tilmicosin : A macrolide antibiotic with formula C46H80N2O13. It is used for the treatment of respiratory disease in cattle at high risk of developing bovine respiratory disease associated with Mannheimia haemolytica.	8.51	16	8
tylosin [no description available]	8.9	19	10
oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.	4.05	13	0
gamithromycin gamithromycin: an antibiotic used in cattle. gamithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic with formula C40H76N2O12. It is used for the treatment of of bovine respiratory disease caused by Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni and Mycoplasma bovis in beef and non-lactating dairy cattle. The compound is also licensed in Europe for the treatment of footrot in sheep caused by Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium nodosus.	7.19	7	4	macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative	antibacterial drug; protein synthesis inhibitor
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	10.47	5	3	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Bovine Diseases [description not available]	9.38	25	9
Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.	8.07	16	6
Enzootic Pneumonia of Pigs [description not available]	4.15	3	1
Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex A multifactorial disease of CATTLE resulting from complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors, and pathogens. The environmental factors act as stressors adversely affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM and other host defenses and enhancing transmission of infecting agents.	8.4	19	7
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	4.85	6	1
Blue-Eared Pig Disease [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	2.21	1	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	4.98	4	2
Bacterial Disease [description not available]	3.98	2	1
Infections, Respiratory [description not available]	4.14	3	1
Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	3.98	2	1
Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.	4.14	3	1
Abortion, Tubal [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Brucella Infection [description not available]	2.55	2	0
Caprine Diseases [description not available]	5.47	5	3
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available]	2.52	2	0
Abortion, Spontaneous Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.	2.21	1	0
Brucellosis Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.	2.55	2	0
Pleuropneumonia, Contagious A pleuropneumonia of cattle and goats caused by species of MYCOPLASMA.	2.52	2	0
Recrudescence [description not available]	6.2	7	5
Respiratory Tract Diseases Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	5.34	4	3
Abortion, Veterinary Premature expulsion of the FETUS in animals.	2.25	1	0
Campylobacter Infection [description not available]	2.69	2	0
Ovine Diseases [description not available]	3.89	2	1
E coli Infections [description not available]	3.97	2	1
Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.	3.97	2	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.85	3	0
Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.	8.94	2	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	7.85	3	0
Bronchial Pneumonia [description not available]	3.53	1	1
Equine Diseases [description not available]	5.29	4	3
Actinomycetales Infections Infections with bacteria of the order ACTINOMYCETALES.	5.09	3	3
Cardiac Toxicity [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Cardiotoxicity Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.	7.17	1	0
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.	2.21	1	0
Haemophilus Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.	2.17	1	0
Middle Ear Inflammation [description not available]	4.76	3	2
Otitis Media Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.	9.76	3	2
Respiration Disorders Diseases of the respiratory system in general or unspecified or for a specific respiratory disease not available.	2.21	1	0
Infections, Pasteurella [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently transported. The major agent responsible for the disease is MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA and less commonly, PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA or HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS. All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal pharyngeal mucosa but not the LUNG. They are considered opportunistic pathogens following STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL and/or a viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous BRONCHOPNEUMONIA is often fatal.	9.02	15	11
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available]	2.08	1	0
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.	2.08	1	0
Tuberculosis, Bovine An infection of cattle caused by MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. It is transmissible to man and other animals.	3.47	1	1
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	6.48	8	6
Corynebacterium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CORYNEBACTERIUM.	3.85	2	1
Bacterial Pneumonia [description not available]	4.96	4	2
Abscess, Pulmonary [description not available]	4.7	3	2
Lung Abscess Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.	4.7	3	2
Pneumonia, Bacterial Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.	4.96	4	2
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	4.82	2	1
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	4.82	2	1
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.	2.1	1	0
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.	2.1	1	0
Infections, Plasmodium [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.	7.11	1	0
Actinobacillus Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOBACILLUS.	5.47	5	3
Enzootic Calf Pneumonia [description not available]	2.5	2	0
Labyrinthitis Inflammation of the inner ear (LABYRINTH).	2.11	1	0
Infections, Pasteurellaceae [description not available]	3.51	1	1
Swine Erysipelas An acute and chronic contagious disease of young pigs caused by Erysipelothrix insidiosa.	2.13	1	0
Pyrexia [description not available]	4.12	3	1
Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.	4.12	3	1
Adenitis [description not available]	3.43	1	1
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	3.45	1	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.44	2	0
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	2.06	1	0
Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.	2.07	1	0
Eperythrozoonosis [description not available]	3.41	1	1
Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis [description not available]	3.41	1	1
Moraxella Infections [description not available]	3.41	1	1
Cane-Cutter Fever [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Leptospirosis Infections with bacteria of the genus LEPTOSPIRA.	2.03	1	0
Diathesis [description not available]	2.04	1	0

tulathromycin

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (61)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Actions

Treatment

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Research

Studies (146)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 37.37

Study Types

tulathromycin

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (61)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Actions

Treatment

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Research

Studies (146)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 37.37

Study Types

Related Drugs (31)

Related Conditions (76)