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aristolochic acids
Organic heterotetracyclic compounds which are a group of nitro phenanthrene organic acids, naturally found in many kinds of plants, such as Aristolochia and Asarum, and widely cultivated in Asia.They are identified as a class 1 human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer owing to their carcinogenicity and nephrotoxicity and can pose a significant hazard to food safety and human health.
ChEBI ID: 194147
Members (4)
| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|---|---|
| aristolochic acid c | An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by an hydroxy group at position 6, and by a nitro group at position 10. | aristolochic acid C |
| aristolochic acid D | An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by an hydroxy group at position 6, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. | aristolochic acid D |
| aristolochic acid i | An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic. | aristolochic acid A |
| aristolochic acid ii | An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions and by a nitro group at position 10. | aristolochic acid B |
Research
Studies (1,076)
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 57 (5.30) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 79 (7.34) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 330 (30.67) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 454 (42.19) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 156 (14.50) | 2.80 |
Study Types
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 2 (0.17%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 73 (6.30%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 31 (2.68%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 2 (0.17%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 1,050 (90.67%) | 84.16% |