A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN, leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations include AMENORRHEA; GALACTORRHEA; IMPOTENCE; HEADACHE; visual disturbances; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA.
| Excerpt | Reference |
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| "Prolactinoma is rare in childhood and adolescence." | ( Abech, DD; Barbosa-Coutinho, LM; Ferreira, NP; Oliveira, Mda C, 1992) |
| "Malignant prolactinoma is a rare entity and only a few cases have been published." | ( Berezin, M; Findler, G; Gutman, I; Horowitz, A; Tadmor, R, 1992) |
| "Microprolactinoma is a particular pathological situation characterized by the presence of increased hypothalamic dopaminergic tone reactive to tumoral hyperprolactinemia." | ( Beck-Peccoz, P; Conti, A; Faglia, G; Medri, G; Persani, L, 1991) |
| "Very large prolactinomas are rare and may be difficult to treat." | ( Davis, JR; Heath, DA; Sheppard, MC, 1990) |
| "Prolactinomas are an important, albeit rare, cause of arrested puberty and should therefore be sought." | ( Besser, GM; Charlesworth, M; Grossman, A; Howlett, TA; Plowman, PN; Rees, LH; Savage, MO; Touzel, R; Wass, JA, 1989) |
| "Macroprolactinomas are pituitary tumours which have been effectively treated medically since the introduction of bromocriptine." | ( Berquet, S; Grochowicki, M; Khalfallah, Y; Sassolas, G; Vighetto, A, 1993) |
| "Prolactinoma is the leading cause of pituitary adenoma." | ( Wang, YC; Yang, DY, 1994) |
| "Patients with prolactinoma are commonly treated with the D2 dopamine agonist bromocriptine, which in most cases, normalizes prolactin (PRL) levels." | ( Caccavelli, L; Enjalbert, A; Jaquet, P; Kordon, C; Morange-Ramos, I, 1996) |
| "As far as macroprolactinomas are concerned, surgery is often not resolutive, so that the need for postoperative treatment, consisting of either radiotherapy or bromocriptine, is the rule for tumors with extrasellar extension." | ( Ferretti, E; Gulino, A; Jaffrain-Rea, ML; Minniti, G; Tamburrano, G, 1996) |
| "Pituitary microprolactinomas are visible in a higher number of slices in 3D TSE sequences; the subjective scores for image quality and signal-to-noise ratios were similar in both 2D and 3D sequences; the contrast-to-noise ratio was always higher in 3D sequences." | ( Frezza, F; Longo, R; Magnaldi, S; Pozzi-Mucelli, RS; Razavi, IS; Ukmar, M, 1997) |
| "Malignant prolactinomas are rare events." | ( Buchfelder, M; Eiter, H; Komminoth, P; Popadić, A; Witzmann, A, 1999) |
| "Prolactinomas are a common cause of reproductive and sexual dysfunction." | ( Molitch, ME, 1999) |
| "Prolactinomas are benign, sporadic pituitary tumours that typically present with amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea in women, and hypogonadism and space-occupying effects in men." | ( Webster, J, 1999) |
| "Prolactinomas are one of the most frequent tumors of the human anterior pituitary." | ( Basso, A; Burdman, JA; Calabrese, MT; Guerra, LN, 2001) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common hormone-secreting pituitary tumours and cause infertility and gonadal and sexual dysfunction in both sexes." | ( Colao, A; di Sarno, A; di Somma, C; Lombardi, G; Pivonello, R, 2002) |
| "Many patients whose prolactinomas are treated in this fashion display chiasmal prolapse, and few suffer visual loss." | ( Chuman, H; Cornblath, WT; Gebarski, SS; Trobe, JD, 2002) |
| "Giant prolactinomas are rare tumors whose treatment and outcome has only been addressed in isolated case reports." | ( Arginteanu, MS; King, WA; Post, KD; Shrivastava, RK, 2002) |
| "Prolactinoma is the most frequent type of secreting pituitary tumours." | ( Bolko, P; Jaskuła, M; Sowiński, J; Waśko, R; Wołuń, M, 2003) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common type of pituitary adenomas in children older than 12 years, occurring more often in girls, at a 4." | ( Gomes, MC; Knoepfelmacher, M; Melo, ME; Mendonca, BB, 2004) |
| "Prolactinomas are rare in children and adolescents but well studied in adults." | ( Howell, DL; Hudgins, RJ; Mazewski, CM; Meacham, LR; Wasilewski, K, 2005) |
| "If a macroprolactinoma is diagnosed, treatment with dopamine agonists can lead to prompt clinical amelioration and shrinkage of the tumor, with eventual resolution of neurological symptoms." | ( Giovanelli, M; Losa, M; Mortini, P; Scarone, P, 2006) |
| "Prolactinoma is a pituitary adenoma originating from prolactin-secreting epithelial cells of the adenohypophysis." | ( Cila, A; Ozdemir, N; Palaoğlu, S; Ruacan, S; Sungur, A, 2005) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most frequent pituitary tumors." | ( Bronstein, MD, 2005) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most frequent pituitary tumors and their frequency varies with age and sex, occurring most frequently in females between 20-50 yr-old." | ( Ciccarelli, A; Colao, A; De Rosa, M; Guerra, E; Lombardi, G; Milone, F; Zarrilli, S, 2005) |
| "Prolactinoma is the most frequent pituitary tumor histotype." | ( Colao, A; De Leo, M; Di Sarno, A; Guerra, E; Lombardi, G; Mentone, A, 2006) |
| "Prolactinomas are common tumors of the anterior pituitary gland." | ( Cole, A; Hedges, TR; Lawrence, D; Lechan, RM; Neff, LM; Shucart, W; Tischler, AS; Weil, M; Zhu, JJ, 2007) |
| "The problem of macroprolactinoma is different; the possibility of prescribing contraceptive pills must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis and the impact of the drug on the adenoma must be very closely monitored." | ( Christin-Maître, S; Delemer, B; Touraine, P; Young, J, 2007) |
| "Prolactinomas are a frequent cause of gonadal dysfunction and infertility, especially in young women." | ( Schlechte, JA, 2007) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most prevalent functional pituitary adenomas." | ( Chen, S; Kansra, S; Miller, M; Woodliff, J, 2008) |
| "Cystic prolactinomas are considered not amenable to dopamine agonist therapy." | ( Bahuleyan, B; Easwer, HV; Krishna, K; Menon, G; Nair, S; Rao, BR, 2009) |
| "Prolactinoma is characterized by high serum PRL levels and its high biological activity." | ( Kostrzak, A; Meczekalski, B; Warenik-Szymankiewicz, A, 2009) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common pituitary adenomas in children and adolescents followed by adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting and growth hormone-secreting adenomas." | ( Colao, A; Loche, S, 2010) |
| "Invasive prolactinomas are more likely to be resistant to drug therapy but the mechanism of this is still unknown." | ( Chen, Y; Lin, C; Su, ZP; Wang, CD; Wu, JS; Wu, ZB; Zeng, YJ; Zheng, WM; Zhuge, QC, 2010) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common pituitary tumors." | ( Chen, K; Fei, Z; Imachi, H; Ishida, T; Iwama, H; Murao, K; Tamiya, T; Zhang, W; Zhang, X, 2010) |
| "Prolactinomas are relatively unique among primary brain tumors in that medical treatment alone using dopamine agonists carries a high probability of disease control or even radiographic and endocrine remission, and thus has replaced surgery as the first line of therapy." | ( Aghi, MK; Oh, MC, 2011) |
| "Prolactinomas are common secretory pituitary tumours, usually managed with dopamine agonists." | ( Harrisson, SE; Mathad, NV; Zaben, MJ, 2011) |
| "Cabergoline for prolactinoma is effective, but the cure rate by continuous usage of cabergoline for 5 years was 67%." | ( Akutsu, H; Matsumura, A; Sato, H; Takano, S; Watanabe, S, 2011) |
| "Pituitary prolactinoma is one of the estrogen-related tumors, some anti-estrogen compounds have suppressive effects on prolactinoma." | ( Chu, M; Hu, ZQ; Li, CG; Wang, C; Wang, JS; Wang, LZ; Wang, Z; Zhang, WG, 2012) |
| "Prolactinoma is the most common pituitary adenoma, and dopamine agonists( BRC, and CAB) is the primary therapy." | ( Bilge, A; Kurtulmus, N; Yarman, S, 2012) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most prevalent type of secreting pituitary tumors in humans and generally respond well to a medical therapy with dopamine agonists." | ( Becu-Villalobos, D; Camilletti, MA; Díaz-Torga, G; Recouvreux, MV; Rifkin, DB, 2012) |
| "A prolactinoma is a benign tumour of the pituitary gland that produces prolactin." | ( Becker, HE; Birchwood, M; de Haan, L; Drent, ML; Nieman, DH; Otten, J; Sutterland, AL; van der Gaag, M, 2011) |
| "Giant prolactinomas are an unusual subset of macroprolactinomas and are more commonly found in men." | ( Gadelha, MR; Moraes, AB; Silva, CM; Vieira Neto, L, 2013) |
| "Giant prolactinomas are extremely rare in the pediatric population." | ( Anastasiou, A; Christoforidis, A; Dimitriadou, M; Pavlaki, A; Tsakalides, C, 2013) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common tumors of the pituitary gland and cause of gonadal dysfunction and infertility." | ( Alic, E; Dervisefendic, M; Hajder, E; Hajder, M; Samardzic, R, 2013) |
| "Micro prolactinomas are more frequent in women." | ( Alic, E; Dervisefendic, M; Hajder, E; Hajder, M; Samardzic, R, 2013) |
| "Prolactinomas are common pituitary tumors that can cause gonadal dysfunction and infertility related to hyperprolactinemia." | ( Gürbüz, BB; Gürbüz, F; Kör, Y; Küpeli, S; Yağcı-Küpeli, B; Yüksel, B; Zorludemir, S, 2014) |
| "Prolactinomas are a common cause of gonadal dysfunction and infertility." | ( Carvalheiro, M; Gomes, L; Paiva, S; Ruas, L; Saraiva, J, 2013) |
| "Prolactinomas are rarely diagnosed in postmenopausal women." | ( Barkan, A; Benbassat, C; Bronstein, MD; Shapiro, J; Shimon, I; Tsvetov, G, 2014) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common secretory pituitary adenomas." | ( Bai, J; Lan, X; Li, C; Li, Z; Liu, Q; Wu, Y; Yu, G; Zhang, Y; Zong, X, 2015) |
| "Giant prolactinoma is a rare subset of macroadenomas." | ( Evran, S; Hanimoglu, H; Ilhan, MM; Kaynar, MY; Tasan, E; Turgut, S, 2015) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common type of functional pituitary tumor." | ( Couldwell, WT; Eloy, JA; Liu, JK; Wong, A, 2015) |
| "Although prolactinomas are treated effectively with dopamine agonists, some have proposed curative surgical resection for select cases of microprolactinomas to avoid life-long medical therapy." | ( Couldwell, WT; Eloy, JA; Hajart, AF; Jethwa, PR; Liu, JK; Patel, TD, 2016) |
| "Giant prolactinomas are rare pituitary tumours of which management can be a challenge." | ( Almeida, R; Fernandes, V; Marques, O; Santos, MJ, 2015) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most frequently observed pituitary adenomas and most of them respond well to conventional treatment with dopamine agonists (DAs)." | ( Camilletti, MA; Díaz-Torga, G; Recouvreux, MV; Rifkin, DB, 2016) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common hormone-secreting pituitary tumors, accounting for approximately 40% of all pituitary tumors." | ( Auriemma, RS; Colao, A; Grasso, LF; Pivonello, R, 2016) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common type of pituitary adenomas, and they are medically responsive to dopamine agonists." | ( Başer, H; Çakır, B; Ersoy, R; Kaya, C; Tam, AA, 2016) |
| "Macroprolactinoma is currently most often a chronic disease controlled with DA." | ( Brue, T; Castinetti, F; Cebula, H; Goichot, B; Graillon, T; Képénékian, L, 2016) |
| "Prolactinomas are primarily treated with medical therapy." | ( Atkinson, JL; Donegan, D; Erickson, B; Erickson, D; Jentoft, M; Meyer, F; Natt, N; Nippoldt, TB, 2017) |
| "Prolactinomas are the commonest functional tumors of the pituitary gland." | ( Beshyah, SA; Chentli, F; El-Fikki, M; Hamrahian, A; Jambart, S; Khalil, AB; Raef, H; Sherif, IH, 2017) |
| "Prolactinomas are a rare subset of brain tumors in pediatrics." | ( Felker, J; Janss, A; Patterson, B; Wrubel, D, 2016) |
| "In general, most prolactinomas are treated medically with dopaminergic agonists, while surgery is reserved for patients intolerant or nonresponsive to these medications." | ( Duan, L; Gu, F; Huang, M; Yan, H; Zhang, Y, 2017) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common functional pituitary tumour." | ( Carvalho, D; Souteiro, P; Teixeira, M, 2017) |
| "Prolactinomas are pituitary tumors with a very low prevalence in childhood and adolescence compared to adulthood." | ( Casulari, LA; de Castro, LF; Luiz Mendonça, J; Magalhães Gonzaga, MF; Naves, LA; Oton de Lima, B, 2018) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common tumor of the human pituitary." | ( Fujiwara, K; Jindatip, D; Mutirangura, A; Sarachana, T; Yashiro, T, 2018) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most prevalent functional pituitary adenomas that cause chronic pathological hyperprolactinemia." | ( Li, Y; Ren, L; Wang, C; Wei, Y; Zhou, X, 2018) |
| "Prolactinomas are typically treated nonsurgically with a dopamine agonist." | ( Berger, M; Cobb, MIH; Codd, P; Crowson, M; Husain, AM; Jang, D; Mintz-Cole, R, 2018) |
| "Paediatric prolactinomas are rare." | ( Bettendorf, M; Breil, T; Choukair, D; Inta, I; Jesser, J; Klose, D; Lorz, C; Mittnacht, J; Schulze, E, 2018) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common functional pituitary adenomas and dopamine agonists are the primary therapy." | ( Bao, X; Deng, K; Feng, M; Gao, J; Liu, X; Liu, Y; Wang, R; Yao, Y, 2018) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common functional pituitary adenomas." | ( He, D; Hu, B; Jiang, X; Mao, Z; Wang, H; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Zhu, Y, 2018) |
| "About 10% of prolactinomas are resistant to dopamine-agonists (DAs)." | ( Borson-Chazot, F; Lasolle, H; Raverot, G; Vasiljevic, A, 2019) |
| "Prolactinoma is the most commonly seen secretory tumor of pituitary glands, which accounts for approximately up to 40% of total pituitary adenomas." | ( Du, Q; Feng, Y; Jian, M; Mao, Z; Wang, H; Wang, X; Xiao, Z; Zhu, D; Zhu, Y, 2019) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most frequent type of pituitary tumors, which represent 10-20% of all intracranial neoplasms in humans." | ( Gorvin, CM; Grossman, AB; Karavitaki, N; Karpe, F; Lees, P; Lines, KE; Malandrinou, FC; Morrison, PJ; Neville, MJ; Newey, PJ; Ntali, G; Rogers, A; Singhellakis, PN; Stokes, V; Thakker, RV, 2019) |
| "A large resistant prolactinoma is also an indication for transsphenoidal neurosurgery, aiming at a debulking which may improve postoperative medical control." | ( Maiter, D, 2019) |
| "Giant prolactinomas are very rare pituitary tumors that may exhibit an aggressive behavior and present with a life-threatening condition." | ( Bettencourt-Silva, R; Carvalho, D; Pereira, J; Queirós, J, 2018) |
| "Prolactinoma is a common subtype of pituitary tumors." | ( Du, Q; Hu, B; Jiang, X; Mao, Z; Wang, H; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Xiao, Z; Zhu, D; Zhu, Y, 2019) |
| "Elderly men with prolactinomas are diagnosed incidentally in 36% of cases." | ( Akirov, A; Barzilay-Yoseph, L; Eizenberg, Y; Fraenkel, M; Friedrich, I; Herzberg, D; Hirsch, D; Ishay, A; Livner, A; Manisterski, Y; Masri, H; Robenshtok, E; Shimon, I; Tsvetov, G; Yoel, U, 2019) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most commonly encountered pituitary adenomas in the clinical setting." | ( Beckers, A; Coopmans, EC; Daly, AF; Donga, E; Hofland, LJ; Neggers, SJCMM; Pieterman, KJ; van der Lely, AJ; van Ipenburg, JA; van Meyel, SWF, 2019) |
| "Prolactinomas are tumors of the pituitary gland that usually respond very well to treatment with cabergoline." | ( Casulari, LA; de Castro, LF; de Fátima Magalhães Gonzaga, M; Kessler, IM; Mendonça, JL, 2019) |
| "Aggressive prolactinomas are defined as radiologically invasive tumors which cannot be cured by surgery, and that have an unusually rapid rate of tumor growth despite dopamine agonist treatment and surgery." | ( Ilie, MD; Lasolle, H; Raverot, G, 2020) |
| "Patients with microprolactinoma are more likely to present with symptoms of sexual dysfunction while those with macroprolactinoma are more likely to present with symptoms of mass effect." | ( Arguello, M; Levy, S; Macki, M; Rao, SD, 2019) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common pituitary tumors and pathological hyperprolactinemia." | ( Bronstein, MD; Glezer, A, 2020) |
| "The lactotroph adenoma is the most common subtype of hormone-producing pituitary adenoma." | ( Mathur, M, 2020) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common type of functional pituitary adenoma." | ( Li, Z; Liu, Z; Shao, Z; Song, C; Wang, X; Xiao, Z; Yang, X; Zhang, K, 2020) |
| "Microprolactinoma is a rare diagnosis in adolescent males." | ( Ajzensztejn, M; Arya, VB; Aylwin, SJB; Bodi, I; Buchanan, CR; Hampton, T; Hulse, T; Kalitsi, J; Kalogirou, N; Kapoor, RR; Thomas, N, 2021) |
| "However, 10-20% of prolactinomas are resistant to cabergoline." | ( Abucham, J; Correa-Silva, SR; Portari, LHC, 2022) |
| "Prolactinomas are a common cause of sexual dysfunction and infertility." | ( Ach, K; Ach, T; Ben Abdelkrim, A; Chaieb, M; Elfekih, H; Hasni, Y; Kacem, M; Khaldi, S; Maaroufi, A; Saad, G, 2021) |
| "Prolactinoma is the major cause of hyperprolactinemia, and dopamine agonists (DAs) are generally the first-line treatment for them." | ( Chen, S; Dong, J; Gu, J; Jiang, X; Li, D; Wen, X; Zou, Y, 2021) |
| "Prolactinoma is a functional pituitary adenoma that secretes excessive prolactin." | ( Chen, Y; Wang, A; Wang, S; Wang, X; Wu, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, K, 2021) |
| "Prolactinoma is the most common type of pituitary tumors, and its resultant tumor occupying and hormone disturbance greatly damage the health of patients." | ( Chen, Y; Cheng, X; Wang, S; Wang, X; Wu, J; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y; Zhu, K, 2021) |
| "Giant prolactinomas are rare in childhood and adolescence and represent a challenge in diagnosis and management." | ( Charmandari, E; Gavra, M; Paltoglou, G; Vasilakis, IA, 2022) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common secretory tumor of the pituitary gland." | ( Craig, JR; Haider, SA; Levy, S; Rock, JP, 2022) |
| "Prolactinomas are rare in children and adolescents." | ( Almutlaq, N; Donegan, D; Eugster, EA; Nabhan, Z, 2022) |
| "Even though ectopic microprolactinomas are still frequently addressed surgically, this case shows that medical therapy can successfully treat ectopic prolactin-secreting pituitary microadenomas even in cases of dopamine resistance." | ( Barranco-Trabi, J; Elegino-Steffens, DU; Hussain, A; Minns, RM; Yiu, AC, 2023) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most frequent pituitary tumor subtype." | ( Alaniz, L; Berner, S; Bonadeo, N; Cervio, A; Chimento, A; Cristina, C; Demarchi, G; Perrone, S; Sevlever, G; Spinelli, FM; Valla, S; Vitale, DL, 2022) |
| "Prolactinomas are the commonest form of pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET), representing approximately half of such tumors." | ( Inder, WJ; Jang, C, 2022) |
| "Remission of prolactinomas is not evident in postmenopausal women." | ( Leshchenko, OY, 2021) |
| "Prolactinoma is the most common cause of severe hyperprolactinaemia." | ( Berberoğlu, M; Bilici, E; Ceran, A; Kontbay, T; Özsu, E; Şıklar, Z; Uyanık, R, 2022) |
| "Prolactinomas are one of the most common pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), accounting for approximately 50% of all pituitary tumors." | ( Hu, B; Li, J; Li, X; Rao, Q; Wang, H; Wu, N; Zhu, D; Zhu, Y; Zhu, Z, 2023) |
| "Malignant prolactinoma is an important differential diagnosis in this group of patients, especially when serum prolactin remains markedly elevated despite resolution or stability of the primary pituitary lesion, suggesting a metastatic source of prolactin secretion." | ( Aung, AT; Teo, AE; Tng, EL, 2023) |
| "A small subset of lactotroph adenomas is resistant to dopamine agonists (DA) and can also demonstrate aggressive or even malignant behavior." | ( Karavitaki, N; Urwyler, SA, 2023) |
| "Prolactinomas are the most common pituitary tumor histotype, with microprolactinomas being prevalent in women and macroprolactinomas in men." | ( Auriemma, RS; Colao, A; Garifalos, F; Pirchio, R; Pivonello, C; Pivonello, R, 2023) |
| "Aggressive prolactinomas are life-limiting tumors without a standard of care treatment option after the oral alkylator, temozolomide, fails to provide tumor control." | ( Geer, EB; Lala, N; Lin, AL; Magge, R; Page-Wilson, G; Tabar, V; Young, RJ, 2023) |
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| "Among 288 patients with prolactinoma (aged 12-62 years; 242 women), 27 were diagnosed as resistant to bromocriptine as their plasma prolactin (PRL) levels remained elevated despite long-term (3 months or more) treatment at high doses (> or = 15 mg daily)." | ( Brue, T; Jaquet, P; Morange, I; Pellegrini, I; Priou, A, 1992) |
| "It is concluded that prolactinoma must be considered in differential diagnosis of sellar tumors in childhood since it benefits from a less aggressive therapy." | ( Abech, DD; Barbosa-Coutinho, LM; Ferreira, NP; Oliveira, Mda C, 1992) |
| "Human and rat prolactinomas contain markedly increased amounts of tissue kallikrein; this is comparatively reduced if patients are pretreated with the dopamine agonist, bromocriptine, before surgery." | ( Bhoola, KD; Cullen, DR; Figueroa, CD; Jones, TH; Smith, CM, 1992) |
| "Giant prolactinomas appear to be exquisitely sensitive to treatment with bromocriptine." | ( Delahunt, JW; Feek, CM; Grebe, SK, 1992) |
| "Twenty-nine patients with macroprolactinomas were treated by monthly intramuscular injections of the long-acting and repeatable form of bromocriptine (Parlodel-LAR) in doses ranging from 50-150 mg." | ( Abs, R; Beckers, A; de Longueville, M; Flandroy, P; Lancranjan, I; Petrossians, P; Stadnik, T; Stevenaert, A, 1992) |
| "Forty-one patients with prolactinoma (25 micro-, 16 macroprolactinomas) were treated with a long-acting injectable preparation of bromocriptine (Parlodel LAR, Sandoz), 25-100 mg (mostly 50 mg) in every 4-8 weeks for as long as 43 months (median 19 months)." | ( Alagna, S; Brunani, A; Cavagnini, F; Ginanni, A; Lancranjan, I; Maraschini, C; Masala, A; Moro, M; Rovasio, PP; Toja, P, 1991) |
| "Among the four patients with macroprolactinoma, three reached normoprolactinemia without complaining of side-effects, with both formulations, while the remaining patient became intolerant of the oral form after 1 year, and is presently being treated with the injectable formulation without presenting any side-effects." | ( Briganti, F; Caruso, E; Colao, A; Lancranjan, I; Lombardi, G; Merola, B; Sarnacchiaro, F; Schettini, G, 1991) |
| "26 infertile women with prolactinomas were treated by bromocriptine, 24 of them (92%) became pregnant." | ( Chen, GL; Jin, ZM; Shi, YF, 1990) |
| "We treated 5 patients, 2 men with macroprolactinoma and 3 women with microprolactinoma with terguride." | ( Horowski, R; Schmelzle, A; Scholz, A; Wüster, C; Ziegler, R, 1990) |
| "Eight patients with macroprolactinomas were treated with a long-acting injectable form of bromocriptine, depot-bromocriptine (Parlodel LAR)." | ( Kocijancic, A; Lancranjan, I; Prezelj, J; Vrhovec, I, 1990) |
| "It was administered to 9 patients with macroprolactinoma, 7 of which had visual abnormalities." | ( Acosta, D; Cortés, A; García-Luna, PP; Leal-Cerro, A; Navarro, E; Pereira, JL; Revuelta, M; Santos, C; Trujillo, F; Villamil, F, 1990) |
| "Very large prolactinomas are rare and may be difficult to treat." | ( Davis, JR; Heath, DA; Sheppard, MC, 1990) |
| "In cultures of prolactinoma cells from patients normally responsive to bromocriptine therapy (n = 10), considered as controls, 10(-9) mol/L bromocriptine inhibited PRL release by 71 +/- 6% (+/- SE), and the half-inhibitory dose was 7 x 10(-11) mol/L." | ( Bertrand, P; Delivet, S; Enjalbert, A; Gunz, G; Jaquet, P; Jedynak, CP; Kordon, C; Peillon, F; Pellegrini, I; Rasolonjanahary, R, 1989) |
| "Two patients harboring invasive macroprolactinomas, on treatment with bromocriptine, developed cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea 16 and 17 months after the beginning of the medical therapy." | ( Benabou, S; Bronstein, MD; Marino, R; Musolino, NR, 1989) |
| "Four patients with macroprolactinomas treated with bromocriptine had tumor growth and visual loss despite marked reduction in their serum prolactin levels." | ( Budzilovitch, G; Cooper, P; Kleinberg, D; Kupersmith, MJ; Warren, FA, 1989) |
| "Patients with prolactinoma and somatotropinoma were divided into two groups: no preoperative treatment (control group), and treated with CB-154 for 2 weeks before adenomectomy (CB-154 group)." | ( Arita, N; Ekramullah, SM; Hayakawa, T; Ohnishi, T; Saitoh, Y; Taki, T, 1995) |
| "Seven female patients with prolactinomas (age 37 (28-46) years), intolerant of bromocriptine, were studied before and after 3 months treatment with quinagolide (0." | ( Atkin, SL; Bodmer, CW; Masson, EA; Savage, MW; White, MC, 1995) |
| "In the case of a prolactinoma the choice of treatment depends on size and evolution of the adenoma." | ( Kuntschen, F, 1995) |
| "Macroprolactinomas are pituitary tumours which have been effectively treated medically since the introduction of bromocriptine." | ( Berquet, S; Grochowicki, M; Khalfallah, Y; Sassolas, G; Vighetto, A, 1993) |
| "Five to 18% of prolactinomas, however, do not respond to such therapy." | ( Benarous, R; Caccavelli, L; Dewailly, D; Enjalbert, A; Feron, F; Jaquet, P; Kordon, C; Morange, I; Rouer, E, 1994) |
| "Bromocriptine therapy for macroprolactinoma induced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea in three patients." | ( Aral, F; Barlas, O; Bayindir, C; Can, M; Hepgül, K; Kiriş, T; Sencer, E; Unal, F, 1994) |
| "Twelve patients suffering from macroprolactinoma were treated for at least 6 months with daily doses ranging from 50 up to 300 micrograms." | ( Althoff, P; Jungmann, E; Nickelsen, T; Schumm-Draeger, PM; Usadel, KH, 1993) |
| "A patient with a macroprolactinoma and extrasellar extension was treated by incomplete transfrontal surgery, external irradiation and additional bromocriptine (Br) treatment." | ( Assies, J; Bosch, DA; Hofland, LJ; Verhoeff, NP, 1993) |
| "We report on two males with prolactinoma in whom hyperprolactinaemia and hypogonadism persisted for several years postoperatively despite the administration of a dopamine agonist or bromocriptine." | ( Hosaka, Y; Isurugi, K; Kajiwara, T; Minowada, S, 1993) |
| "The most effective therapy of human prolactinomas is represented by dopamine D-2 receptor agonists; there is, however, a population of nonresponder patients who require surgical intervention." | ( Balsari, A; Boroni, F; Dal Toso, R; Giovanelli, M; Losa, M; Missale, C; Spano, P; Zanellato, A, 1993) |
| "In conclusion, in patients with macroprolactinoma, Parlodel LAR is an effective and well tolerated preparation of bromocriptine when administered once a month." | ( Avataneo, T; Camanni, F; Ciccarelli, E; Grottoli, S; Lancranjan, I; Miola, C, 1993) |
| "In the last decade, the treatment of macroprolactinomas has been significantly improved by the introduction in the clinical practice of new drugs with dopamine-agonist properties." | ( Cerbone, G; Colao, A; Di Sarno, A; Ferone, D; Landi, ML; Lombardi, G; Marzullo, P; Merola, B; Sarnacchiaro, F, 1995) |
| "Two different human prolactinoma phenotypes (responders and nonresponders), which are distinguished by different tumorigenic potential and different responsiveness to dopaminergic therapy, have recently been identified." | ( Balsari, A; Giovanelli, M; Losa, M; Missale, C; Sigala, S; Spano, PF, 1996) |
| "Patients with prolactinoma are commonly treated with the D2 dopamine agonist bromocriptine, which in most cases, normalizes prolactin (PRL) levels." | ( Caccavelli, L; Enjalbert, A; Jaquet, P; Kordon, C; Morange-Ramos, I, 1996) |
| "Medical treatment of macroprolactinomas with dopamine agonists decreases tumor mass and improves visual defects." | ( Chen, HH; Fagan, RH; Harrington, JF; Malchoff, CD; Rothfield, NF; Taxel, P; Waitzman, DM, 1996) |
| "As far as macroprolactinomas are concerned, surgery is often not resolutive, so that the need for postoperative treatment, consisting of either radiotherapy or bromocriptine, is the rule for tumors with extrasellar extension." | ( Ferretti, E; Gulino, A; Jaffrain-Rea, ML; Minniti, G; Tamburrano, G, 1996) |
| "Thirteen males with macroprolactinoma and one with microprolactinoma were treated with CV 205-502 at the dose of 0." | ( Colao, A; De Rosa, M; Di Sarno, A; Iervolino, E; Landi, ML; Lombardi, G; Merola, B; Sarnacchiaro, F; Zarrilli, S, 1996) |
| "In two scan-positive prolactinoma patients, repeated SPECTs during therapy with quinagolide showed a reduction in the pituitary uptake of 123I-IBZM." | ( de Herder, WW; Hofland, LJ; Krenning, EP; Kwekkeboom, DJ; Lamberts, SW; Nobels, FR; Oei, HY; Reijs, AE, 1996) |
| "Twenty-seven patients (19 macro- and 8 microprolactinomas) were treated with CAB at a weekly dose of 0." | ( Annunziato, L; Colao, A; Di Renzo, G; Di Sarno, A; Ferone, D; Lombardi, G; Merola, B; Sarnacchiaro, F, 1997) |
| "Twenty-three patients with macroprolactinoma entered this study 15 patients had had no treatment, whereas the remaining 8 patients had been previously treated with bromocriptine, which was with-drawn because of intolerance." | ( Annunziato, L; Cataldi, M; Cirillo, S; Colao, A; Di Sarno, A; Facciolli, G; Landi, ML; Lombardi, G; Merola, B; Pivonello, R; Sarnacchiaro, F, 1997) |
| "Peak GH response before treatment in macroprolactinoma patients was 4." | ( Casanueva, F; Damjanovic, S; Dieguez, C; Djurovic, M; Ilic, L; Micic, D; Obradovic, S; Popovic, V; Simic, M, 1998) |
| "Controversies related to macroprolactinomas treatment are discussed and it is suggested that treatment with dopamine agonists must be the elective treatment for patients with macroprolactinoma." | ( Forsbach, G; Güitrón, A; Olivares, F; Vázquez, J, 1998) |
| "We conducted a retrospective study of prolactinoma patients treated at the Endocrine Institute of the Tel Aviv Medical Center, Israel, during the period 1989-1996." | ( Greenman, Y; Stern, N; Tordjman, K, 1998) |
| "But, for patients with large or giant prolactinomas, the treatment choice is controversial." | ( Nakamura, M; Saeki, N; Sunami, K; Yamaura, A, 1998) |
| "Although, the presence of the prolactinoma in this patient may not be related to his vitamin E deficiency, alpha-tocopherol treatment seems to be beneficial and might usefully be tested in patients with hypophyseal secreting other forms of adenoma." | ( Amarti, A; Belaidi, H; Benomar, A; Birouk, N; Bouslam, N; Chkili, T; Marzouki, N; Ouazzani, R; Yahyaoui, M, 1999) |
| "It is safe for patients with prolactinomas to achieve pregnancy following bromocriptine treatment." | ( Badawy, SZ; Chang, JK; Joy, SE; Marziale, JC; Rosenbaum, AE, 1997) |
| "Eleven patients with macroprolactinoma (1M/10F) and 26 with microprolactinoma (4M/22F) started treatment taking 0." | ( Almoto, B; Cannavò, S; Curtò, L; Squadrito, S; Trimarchi, F; Vieni, A, 1999) |
| "16 years old girl with prolactinoma and amenorrhoea primaria was treated with Bromocorn." | ( Beń-Skowronek, I; Szewczyk, L; Witkowski, D, 1999) |
| "In patient B the prolactinoma was removed by surgery, in view of the serious nature of the psychotic disorder, to avoid psychotic relapse by treatment with a dopamine agonist." | ( Hulting, AL; Melkersson, K, 2000) |
| "For most microprolactinomas, dopamine agonists are the treatment of choice, achieving normoprolactinaemia and restoring gonadal function in 80-90% of cases." | ( Webster, J, 1999) |
| "We identified 46 male patients with prolactinomas managed with medical therapy alone." | ( Danila, DC; Katznelson, L; Klibanski, A; Miller, CS; Pauler, DK; Pinzone, JJ, 2000) |
| "Normal anterior pituitaries and prolactinomas of female Wistar rats were dissociated enzymatically and mechanically, then cultured on collagen-treated plastic dishes." | ( Gálfi, M; Gáspár, L; Juhász, A; Julesz, J; Khalil, WK; Molnár, J; Valkusz, Z, 2000) |
| "Our previous data has shown that prolactinomas can be induced by chronic treatment of E2 in eutopic pituitaries of SD rats." | ( Di, A; Wu, X; Xu, R; Zhang, R; Zhou, Y, 1998) |
| "While two patients with prolactinomas received good results with bromocriptine treatment alone, the remaining five patients underwent either craniotomy or transsphenoidal surgery." | ( Fukui, M; Iwaki, T; Morioka, T; Nishio, S; Suzuki, S; Takeshita, I, 2001) |
| "In the case of a prolactinoma medical treatment with dopamine receptor agonists is the therapy of choice because it causes rapid tumour shrinkage and symptomatic improvement in most patients, so that irradition of the tumour is not indicated." | ( Brabant, G; Schöfl, C; Schöfl-Siegert, B; von zur Mühlen, A, 2001) |
| "However, there are prolactinomas that are difficult to treat." | ( Castro, MG; Lowenstein, PR; Morris, ID; Smith-Arica, JR; Stone, D; Williams, JC, 2001) |
| "Many patients whose prolactinomas are treated in this fashion display chiasmal prolapse, and few suffer visual loss." | ( Chuman, H; Cornblath, WT; Gebarski, SS; Trobe, JD, 2002) |
| "We report a pregnant woman with a large macroprolactinoma successfully treated with cabergoline after a suboptimal response to bromocriptine." | ( Liu, C; Tyrrell, JB, 2001) |
| "Giant prolactinomas are rare tumors whose treatment and outcome has only been addressed in isolated case reports." | ( Arginteanu, MS; King, WA; Post, KD; Shrivastava, RK, 2002) |
| "This is relevant because macroprolactinomas with low secretory activity can also be treated successfully with dopamine agonists." | ( Buchfelder, M; Harms, E; Hüfner, M; Saeger, W; Siggelkow, H, 2003) |
| "The GH3 prolactinomas, which exhibit a relatively fast baseline R2* and large DeltaR2* in response to carbogen breathing prior to radiotherapy, showed a substantial reduction in normalized tumor volume to 66 +/- 3% with air breathing and 36 +/- 5% with carbogen seven days after 15 Gy irradiation." | ( Griffiths, JR; Howe, FA; Robinson, SP; Rodrigues, LM, 2004) |
| "The large majority of patients with prolactinomas, both micro- and macroprolactinomas, can be successfully treated with dopaminergic drugs as first-line treatment, with normalization of prolactin secretion and gonadal function, and with significant tumor shrinkage in a high percentage of cases." | ( Abs, R; Verhelst, J, 2003) |
| "If a macroprolactinoma is diagnosed, treatment with dopamine agonists can lead to prompt clinical amelioration and shrinkage of the tumor, with eventual resolution of neurological symptoms." | ( Giovanelli, M; Losa, M; Mortini, P; Scarone, P, 2006) |
| "Endocrinologists treating patients with prolactinoma need to be aware of this syndrome as its pathophysiology and treatment differ from that of other headache syndromes." | ( Larner, AJ, 2006) |
| "The resistance of macroprolactinomas to dopamine agonist (DA) therapy, whether defined as an absence of PRL normalization or the lack of significant tumour shrinkage after prolonged treatment at high doses, is usually regarded as unpredictable." | ( Delgrange, E; Duprez, T; Maiter, D, 2006) |
| "The major objectives of treating prolactinomas are to suppress excessive hormone secretion and its clinical consequences, to remove the tumor mass while preserving the residual pituitary function, and possibly to prevent disease recurrence or progression." | ( Colao, A; De Leo, M; Di Sarno, A; Guerra, E; Lombardi, G; Mentone, A, 2006) |
| "Therefore it is increased only in prolactinomas generated by estrogen treatment, and not in prolactinomas arising from deficient dopamine control, or in dopamine resistant compared with dopamine responsive human prolactinomas." | ( Becu-Villalobos, D; Bronstein, MD; Cristina, C; Díaz-Torga, GS; Giannella-Neto, D; Goya, RG; Kakar, SS; Passos, VQ; Perez-Millán, MI, 2007) |
| "Treatment of patients with prolactinomas consists primarily of dopamine agonists (DA)." | ( Grotenhuis, JA; Hermus, AR; Netea-Maier, RT; Schakenraad, EL; Timmers, H; van Lindert, EJ, 2006) |
| "Patients with macroprolactinomas were treated with cabergoline 4 mg weekly and microprolactinomas were treated with quinagolide 75 microg daily for the duration of study." | ( Atkin, SL; Lowry, M; Manuchehri, AM; Rowland-Hill, C; Sathyapalan, T; Turnbull, LW, 2007) |
| "Functional prolactinoma vascularity differs from non-lesion hyperprolactinemic pituitary and normal pituitary, and is responsive to DA therapy." | ( Atkin, SL; Lowry, M; Manuchehri, AM; Rowland-Hill, C; Sathyapalan, T; Turnbull, LW, 2007) |
| "We report three patients with cystic macroprolactinomas who developed pituitary apoplexy during cabergoline treatment." | ( Balarini Lima, GA; Dos Santos Silva, CM; Filho, PN; Gadelha, MR; Machado, Ede O, 2008) |
| "A pituitary macroprolactinoma was discovered and successfully treated with the dopamine agonist cabergoline." | ( Besouw, MT; Levtchenko, EN; Noordam, K; Willemsen, MA, 2008) |
| "The current challenges in management of prolactinomas are related to follow-up after successful therapy." | ( Schlechte, JA, 2007) |
| "To evaluate QOL in women with microprolactinomas treated with dopamine agonists, comparing the patients with normal versus those with elevated prolactin levels, and to identify clinical and biochemical influences on patients' QOL." | ( Caldas, D; Cesar de Oliveira Naliato, E; Colao, A; Dutra Violante, AH; Fontes, R; Gomes de Souza, R; Guerra, E; Lamounier Filho, A; Rezende Loureiro, C; Schrank, Y; Sebastian, A; Vaisman, M, 2008) |
| "QOL is impaired in women with microprolactinoma treated with dopamine agonists, and was inversely associated with the PRL levels." | ( Caldas, D; Cesar de Oliveira Naliato, E; Colao, A; Dutra Violante, AH; Fontes, R; Gomes de Souza, R; Guerra, E; Lamounier Filho, A; Rezende Loureiro, C; Schrank, Y; Sebastian, A; Vaisman, M, 2008) |
| "Ten percent of patients with prolactinoma fail to respond with normalization of prolactin (PRL) and tumor shrinkage under dopamine agonist (DA) therapy." | ( Barlier, A; Culler, MD; Dufour, H; Fusco, A; Germanetti, AL; Gunz, G; Jaquet, P; Saveanu, A, 2008) |
| "Eleven newly-diagnosed men with prolactinoma and 9 with normal PRL levels due to dopamine agonist treatment were submitted to DXA and blood analysis (PRL, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, and SHBG) by the time of their clinical evaluation." | ( Caldas, D; Colao, A; Costa, FS; Fontes, R; Gaccione, M; Lamounier Filho, A; Loureiro, CR; Naliato, EC; Schrank, Y; Violante, AH, 2008) |
| "Newly-diagnosed men with prolactinoma had higher fat percentage in the arms and the total body, when compared with patients treated with dopamine agonists and controls." | ( Caldas, D; Colao, A; Costa, FS; Fontes, R; Gaccione, M; Lamounier Filho, A; Loureiro, CR; Naliato, EC; Schrank, Y; Violante, AH, 2008) |
| "Most macroprolactinomas primarily treated with CAB are adequately controlled with doses < or =1." | ( Abs, R; Daems, T; Delgrange, E; Maiter, D; Verhelst, J, 2009) |
| "Cystic prolactinomas are considered not amenable to dopamine agonist therapy." | ( Bahuleyan, B; Easwer, HV; Krishna, K; Menon, G; Nair, S; Rao, BR, 2009) |
| "The first-line therapy of prolactinomas are the dopamine agonists, and the aims of the treatment are to normalize the prolactin level, restore fertility in child-bearing age, decrease tumor mass, save or improve the residual pituitary function and inhibit the relapse of the disease." | ( Mezosi, E; Nemes, O, 2009) |
| "Invasive prolactinomas are more likely to be resistant to drug therapy but the mechanism of this is still unknown." | ( Chen, Y; Lin, C; Su, ZP; Wang, CD; Wu, JS; Wu, ZB; Zeng, YJ; Zheng, WM; Zhuge, QC, 2010) |
| "To report a case of a microprolactinoma in a male-to-female transsexual treated with estrogens and cyproterone acetate." | ( García-Malpartida, K; Gómez-Balaguer, M; Hernández-Mijares, A; Martín-Gorgojo, A; Rocha, M, 2010) |
| "We report a case of prolactinoma after treatment with equine-conjugated estrogens and cyproterone acetate." | ( García-Malpartida, K; Gómez-Balaguer, M; Hernández-Mijares, A; Martín-Gorgojo, A; Rocha, M, 2010) |
| "Eighty-five women with macroprolactinomas (n = 29) or microprolactinomas (n = 56) received prospective, high-dose cabergoline therapy for infertility based on individual prolactin suppression and/or tumor shrinkage." | ( Amano, K; Hori, T; Izumi, S; Kawamata, T; Makino, R; Miki, N; Okada, Y; Ono, M; Seki, T; Takano, K, 2010) |
| "Fifteen consecutive men with macroprolactinomas underwent evaluation for anterior pituitary functions, visual fields, quality of life (QOL) score and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), at baseline and after 6 months of cabergoline therapy." | ( Bhadada, S; Bhansali, A; Dutta, P; Khandelwal, N; Sialy, R; Walia, R, 2010) |
| "Twenty-two patients with prolactinoma completed 6 months of treatment with DA." | ( Barbosa, FR; Domingues, RC; dos Santos Silva, CM; Fontes, R; Gadelha, MR; Lima, GA; Warszawski, L, 2011) |
| "It has been reported that prolactinomas treated with Bromocriptine (BROM) show fibrosis that may interfere with complete surgical resection." | ( Burger, P; Menucci, M; Quiñones-Hinojosa, A; Salvatori, R, 2011) |
| "Treatment of invasive prolactinoma, which has several characteristics including invasive growth into cavernous sinuses and formation of giant adenomas compressing adjacent neural structures, resulting in neurological dysfunction, has been very challenging." | ( Hong, JW; Kim, SH; Lee, EJ; Lee, SK; Yang, MS, 2011) |
| "Dopamine agonist-resistant prolactinomas exhibit aggressive behavior and tend to be large, invasive, hyperangiogenic tumors with high mitotic indices, which makes their management via surgery, radiosurgery, or alternative medical therapies challenging, thus underscoring the need for novel medical therapies or treatment regimens that target these lesions." | ( Aghi, MK; Oh, MC, 2011) |
| "A 60-year-old woman with atypical prolactinoma had been treated for 7 years with multiple therapies, including dopamine agonists, surgical intervention (5 times), conventional radiotherapy, and radiosurgery." | ( Asano, S; Ishida, Y; Katakami, H; Matsuno, A; Mizutani, A; Murakami, M; Okinaga, H; Ozawa, Y; Takano, K; Yamazaki, K, 2011) |
| "In conclusion, patients with prolactinomas treated with either CBG or BRC showed higher prevalence of trace and mild Tri or Mi regurgitation, but these findings were not clinically significant." | ( Azevedo, M; Boguszewski, CL; de Souza, AM; dos Santos, CM; Marini, LC; Sakamoto, KS, 2012) |
| "Fifteen men with macroprolactinomas underwent gonadotropin and testosterone response to their respective stimuli before and after six months of cabergoline therapy." | ( Bhadada, S; Bhansali, A; Dutta, P; Khandelwal, N; Sialy, R; Walia, R, 2011) |
| "From 2003 to 2009, 27 patients with prolactinoma were treated at our hospital." | ( Akutsu, H; Matsumura, A; Sato, H; Takano, S; Watanabe, S, 2011) |
| "Treatment of patients with prolactinomas consists primarily of dopamine agonists (DA)." | ( Castro-Castro, J; Pastor-Zapata, A; Pinzón-Millán, A; Torre-Eiriz, JA, 2011) |
| "Patients with prolactinomas have been described as exhibiting an altered dopaminergic tone and are often treated with dopamine agonists." | ( Athanasoulia, AP; Ising, M; Mantzoros, CS; Pfister, H; Sievers, C; Stalla, GK, 2012) |
| "The majority of prolactinomas respond to dopamine agonist therapy, but a proportion are resistant, requiring other treatments including surgery and/or radiotherapy." | ( Aylwin, SJ; Barazi, S; Buchanan, CR; Dworakowska, D; Gilbert, JA; Hampton, T; King, AP; Landau, DB; Lipscomb, D; Riordan-Eva, P; Thomas, NW; Whitelaw, BC, 2012) |
| "Neurosurgical treatment of prolactinomas is less effective than medical therapy and recurrence of hyperprolactinaemia is frequent." | ( Maiter, D; Primeau, V, 2012) |
| "We evaluated 22 patients with prolactinoma managed with DAs therapy alone for at least 1 year." | ( Bilge, A; Kurtulmus, N; Yarman, S, 2012) |
| "Forty-three patients with prolactinoma (eight men, 35 women), aged 33·65 ± 11·23 years, were evaluated metabolically at baseline and after 12 months of CAB treatment." | ( Amato, MC; Ciresi, A; Giordano, C; Guarnotta, V; Lo Castro, F, 2013) |
| "Because of coexisting microprolactinoma she was treated with bromocriptine for 24 months." | ( Krysiak, R; Samborek, M; Stojko, R, 2014) |
| "An experimental rat model of prolactinoma induced by estradiol (E2) treatment was used." | ( Meng, Q; Wang, H; Zhang, R; Zhang, Y; Zhou, A, 2015) |
| "We report two new cases of prolactinomas in male-to-female transsexual persons, one in a 41-year-old subject who had used nonsupervised high-dose oestrogen treatment since the age of 23 years and another one in a 42 year old who had initiated oestrogen treatment at the age of 17 years." | ( Câmara, VL; Costa, EM; Cunha, FS; Domenice, S; Gooren, LJ; Mendonça, BB; Sircili, MH, 2015) |
| "The management of giant prolactinomas remains a major challenge, despite dopamine agonists being the first line of treatment, owing to its efficacy to normalize prolactin levels and reduce tumor volume." | ( Alhowsawi, G; Aljohani, N; Almalki, MH; Alshahrani, F; Alsherbeni, S; Alzahrani, S; Buhary, B, 2015) |
| "These findings in the early phase of prolactinoma treatment predicted pronounced regression or near-complete disappearance of the tumor." | ( Fujii, S; Kambe, A; Kurosaki, M; Ogawa, T; Watanabe, T, 2015) |
| "Although prolactinomas are treated effectively with dopamine agonists, some have proposed curative surgical resection for select cases of microprolactinomas to avoid life-long medical therapy." | ( Couldwell, WT; Eloy, JA; Hajart, AF; Jethwa, PR; Liu, JK; Patel, TD, 2016) |
| "We established the model of prolactinoma in 20 male Westar rats by peritoneal injection of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and treated the control rats with normal saline (n = 10) or sterilized arachis oil (n = 10)." | ( Hou, SC; Liu, W; Luan, X; Qi, HY; Sun, LJ; Wang, WM; Weng, BW; Xu, L; Zhu, H, 2015) |
| "Out of a total of 115 patients with prolactinoma, 42 non-obese women with microprolactinoma, who met the Pituitary Society criteria (2006) for the withdrawal of long-term CAB therapy, and 30 healthy patients participated in our study." | ( Arduç, A; Berker, D; Doğan, BA; Güler, S; Işık, S; Nasıroğlu, NI; Tuna, MM, 2016) |
| "Nowadays, treatment of prolactinomas is based on dopamine-agonists (DA), mainly cabergoline (CAB)." | ( Auriemma, RS; Colao, A; Grasso, LF; Pivonello, R, 2016) |
| "Retrospective study, 29 patients with prolactinomas, 22 microadenomas and 7 macroadenomas, diagnosed during their fertile age were studied in their menopause; treatment was stopped in this period." | ( Alfieri, A; Ballarino, MC; Boero, L; Chervin, A; Danilowicz, K; Diez, S; Fainstein Day, P; García-Basavilbaso, N; Glerean, M; Guitelman, M; Katz, D; Loto, MG; Mallea-Gil, MS; Manavela, M; Martinez, M; Miragaya, K; Moncet, D; Rogozinski, AS; Servidio, M; Stalldecker, G; Vitale, M, 2016) |
| "An experimental rat model of prolactinoma induced by estradiol (E2) treatment was used." | ( Gao, B; Wang, H; Xu, H; Zhang, Y, 2016) |
| "In patients with prolactinomas, normalisation of elevated prolactin levels by cabergoline treatment was accompanied by significant reductions in LDL and total cholesterol." | ( Librizzi, R; Obermayer-Pietsch, B; Pieber, TR; Pilz, S; Schwetz, V; Stiegler, C; Theiler, G; Trummer, C, 2017) |
| "Management of macroprolactinomas has dramatically changed in recent decades, from surgical to medical treatment as first-line therapy, with the development of dopamine agonists (DA)." | ( Brue, T; Castinetti, F; Cebula, H; Goichot, B; Graillon, T; Képénékian, L, 2016) |
| "Despite lower remission rates among macroprolactinomas, a third of patients with persistent disease did not require medical therapy." | ( Atkinson, JL; Donegan, D; Erickson, B; Erickson, D; Jentoft, M; Meyer, F; Natt, N; Nippoldt, TB, 2017) |
| "Retrospective studies in prolactinoma patients treated with cabergoline at lower doses did not show such an effect." | ( Auriemma, R; Beckers, A; Daly, AF; Dulgheru, R; Garcia, MT; Lancellotti, P; Magne, J; Maiga, I; Petrossians, P; Rubio-Almanza, M; Vroonen, L, 2017) |
| "In general, most prolactinomas are treated medically with dopaminergic agonists, while surgery is reserved for patients intolerant or nonresponsive to these medications." | ( Duan, L; Gu, F; Huang, M; Yan, H; Zhang, Y, 2017) |
| "The diagnosis of refractory aggressive prolactinoma was made on the basis of clinical findings and the lack of efficacy of conventional treatment." | ( Chen, C; Hu, Y; Jiang, S; Wang, M; Yin, S; Zhang, S; Zhou, P, 2017) |
| "We report a series of patients with prolactinoma and a paradoxical increase of IGF-1 levels during cabergoline treatment." | ( Akirov, A; Eizenberg, Y; Glaser, B; Greenman, Y; Mansiterski, Y; S'chigol, I; Shimon, I; Shraga-Slutzky, I, 2018) |
| "Pregnant pituitary prolactinoma patients should not stop bromocriptine treatment, but should instead continue with the same dose for four months." | ( Lian, W; Liu, N; Wang, RZ; Xing, B; Yao, Y, 2017) |
| "Furthermore, the sensitivity of rat prolactinoma MMQ cells to bromocriptine decreased when they were co-cultured with HS27 cells treated with TGF-β1." | ( He, D; Hu, B; Jiang, X; Mao, Z; Wang, H; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Zhu, Y, 2018) |
| "Treatment of prolactinomas with ergoline dopamine agonists can be complicated by intolerance and resistance." | ( Bies, R; Cremers, S; Hu, C; Liu, S; Page-Wilson, G; Peters, J; Tsang, A, 2019) |
| "An aneurysm embedded within a prolactinoma should be closely observed when cabergoline administration is started." | ( Chiba, Y; Fujita, A; Kohmura, E; Miyake, S; Nakahara, M; Uozumi, Y, 2019) |
| "We report a rare case of giant prolactinoma with a first epileptic seizure due to rapid reduction of the tumor as a complication of dopamine agonist therapy." | ( Abe, T; Ebashi, R; Koguchi, M; Masuoka, J; Nakahara, Y; Ogata, A; Shimokawa, S, 2019) |
| "We report a rare case of giant prolactinoma with a first epileptic seizure immediately after the initiation of dopamine agonist therapy." | ( Abe, T; Ebashi, R; Koguchi, M; Masuoka, J; Nakahara, Y; Ogata, A; Shimokawa, S, 2019) |
| "For the treatment of prolactinoma, bromocriptine 2." | ( Ashida, K; Kawano, S; Nakamura, Y; Nakayama, H; Nomura, M; Ohki, T; Oshige, T; Sasaki, Y; Tajiri, Y; Tokubuchi, I; Tsuruta, M; Yamada, K, 2019) |
| "Experience in treating prolactinomas in paediatric and adolescent patients is limited." | ( Brichta, CM; Krebs, A; Schwab, KO; van der Werf-Grohmann, N; Wurm, M, 2019) |
| "In women with prolactinoma medical treatment with dopamine agonists (DA) can restore fertility." | ( Farrant, MT; Gunn, AJ; Milsom, SR; O'Sullivan, SM; Ogilvie, CM, 2020) |
| "Aggressive prolactinomas are defined as radiologically invasive tumors which cannot be cured by surgery, and that have an unusually rapid rate of tumor growth despite dopamine agonist treatment and surgery." | ( Ilie, MD; Lasolle, H; Raverot, G, 2020) |
| "Treatment options for the management of microprolactinomas include observation alone, with monitoring of serum prolactin levels every 6-12 months, vs initiation of dopamine agonist therapy vs gonadal steroid hormone replacement (using the oral contraceptive or other combination estrogen and progesterone replacement regimens in females or testosterone replacement therapy in males)." | ( Bonert, V, 2020) |
| "Surgical resection of prolactinomas resistant to dopamine agonists is frequently incomplete due to fibrotic changes of the tumour under pharmacological therapy." | ( Barbe, K; D'Haens, J; Gläsker, S; Stadnik, T; Unuane, D; Van Velthoven, V; Vermeulen, E, 2020) |
| "To evaluate the recurrence rate in prolactinoma patients after DA withdrawal and the necessity to restart treatment." | ( Espinosa-Cárdenas, E; Mendoza-Zubieta, V; Mercado, M; Ramírez-Rentería, C; Sánchez-García, M; Sosa-Eroza, E, 2020) |
| "Study participants included men with a macroprolactinoma and baseline HH who achieved normoprolactinemia on cabergoline monotherapy." | ( Bandgar, T; Jaiswal, SK; Lila, AR; Patil, V; Ramteke-Jadhav, S; Sankhe, S; Sarathi, V; Sehemby, M; Shah, N; Shah, R, 2020) |
| "We identified 734 patients with prolactinomas undergoing CAB therapy for at least 12 months from 2005 to 2018." | ( Ahn, SS; Kim, D; Kim, EH; Kim, K; Ku, CR; Lee, EJ; Moon, JH; Park, YW, 2021) |
| "Approximately 10% to 20% of prolactinomas are resistant to dopamine agonist therapy." | ( Bonert, VS; Cooper, O; Fleseriu, M; Lo, J; Melmed, S; Pressman, BD; Rudnick, J; Salvatori, R; Yuen, KCJ, 2021) |
| "Cabergoline (CAB) therapy for prolactinomas has been associated with serum IGF-1 levels modifications, with recent reports indicating a paradoxical increase of IGF-1 levels during ongoing therapy." | ( Andereggen, L; Christ, E; Frey, J, 2021) |
| "Macroprolactinoma, particularly if >20 mm, usually requires multimodal therapy including surgical intervention." | ( Ajzensztejn, M; Arya, VB; Aylwin, SJB; Bodi, I; Buchanan, CR; Hampton, T; Hulse, T; Kalitsi, J; Kalogirou, N; Kapoor, RR; Thomas, N, 2021) |
| "First-line treatment of prolactinoma is usually medical, based on dopamine agonists receptors, mainly cabergoline." | ( Albarel, F; Amodru, V; Brue, T; Castinetti, F; Cuny, T; Dufour, H; Graillon, T; Morange, I, 2021) |
| "Ten adult patients (26-61 years) with prolactinomas (7 M), persistent hyperprolactinemia (38-386 ng/mL) under cabergoline treatment (2-7 mg/week) for at least 6 months (6-108 months), features of metabolic syndrome, and not taking metformin were included." | ( Abucham, J; Correa-Silva, SR; Portari, LHC, 2022) |
| "To study the outcome of men with macroprolactinoma following cabergoline treatment based on tumour size." | ( Akirov, A; Duskin-Bitan, H; Manisterski, Y; Masri-Iraqi, H; Pertzov, B; Rudman, Y; Shimon, I, 2021) |
| "Inclusion criteria: macroprolactinomas under CBG treatment with serial prolactin levels and MRI before treatment and 3 and 12 months afterwards." | ( Biagetti, B; Casteràs, A; Cordero Asanza, E; Giralt-Arnaiz, M; Hernandez, I; Martinez-Saez, E; Ng-Wong, YK; Sarria-Estrada, S; Simò, R, 2021) |
| "All microprolactinomas responded well to DA treatment." | ( Alikasifoglu, A; Celik, NB; Gonc, EN; Kandemir, N; Ozon, ZA, 2022) |
| "Bromocriptine was used to treat rat prolactinoma by upregulating DRD2 expression and downregulating the expression level of MAPK11/12/13/14 in vivo experiments." | ( Chen, Y; Wang, A; Wang, S; Wang, X; Wu, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, K, 2021) |
| "Male prolactinoma treatment by dopamine agonists (DA) restores sexual function." | ( Istemihan, Z; Ok, AM; Selcukbiricik, O; Telci Caklili, O; Yarman, S, 2022) |
| "Although the mainstay of prolactinoma management is medical therapy with dopamine agonists, endoscopic endonasal or transcranial surgery, radiation therapy, or a combination of these is an important treatment option in select cases." | ( Craig, JR; Haider, SA; Levy, S; Rock, JP, 2022) |
| "Resistant prolactinomas usually require a multi-modal treatment strategy." | ( Cohen, D; Eshkoli, T; Fraenkel, M; Goldbart, A; Gorshtein, A; Greenman, Y; Shimon, I; Tsvetov, G; Yoel, U; Zaid, D, 2022) |
| "About two-thirds of men with macroprolactinoma recover from hypogonadism, mostly with 24 months of therapy." | ( Al Dahmani, KM; Almalki, MH; Aziz, F; Bashier, A; Beshyah, SA; Ekhzaimy, A; Mahzari, MM, 2022) |
| "Male patients diagnosed with macroprolactinoma and HH that received cabergoline treatment with subsequent prolactin normalization were included: men that achieved eugonadism, and men that remained hypogonadal." | ( Akirov, A; Duskin-Bitan, H; Masri-Iraqi, H; Rudman, Y; Shimon, I, 2022) |
| "In our cohort of men with macroprolactinoma that reached prolactin normalization with cabergoline treatment, 21% had HH persistence." | ( Akirov, A; Duskin-Bitan, H; Masri-Iraqi, H; Rudman, Y; Shimon, I, 2022) |
| "Treatment of prolactinomas with dopamine agonists has been the established first-line treatment option for many years, with surgery reserved for refractory cases or medication intolerance." | ( Mamelak, A, 2022) |
| "Patients with prolactinoma receiving dopamine agonist (cabergoline) treatment were included in the study." | ( Durcan, E; Kadioglu, P; Kavla, Y; Ozkaya, HM; Özogul, YY; Poyraz, BC; Sahin, S; Sayitoglu, M; Sudutan, T, 2023) |
| "Patients with prolactinoma receiving dopamine agonist (cabergoline) treatment were included in the study." | ( Durcan, E; Kadioglu, P; Kavla, Y; Ozkaya, HM; Özogul, YY; Poyraz, BC; Sahin, S; Sayitoglu, M; Sudutan, T, 2023) |
| "The treatment of choice for prolactinomas is represented by dopamine agonists, mainly cabergoline, which are able to induce disease control, restore fertility in both sexes, and definitively cure one-third of patients, thus permitting treatment discontinuation." | ( Auriemma, RS; Colao, A; Garifalos, F; Pirchio, R; Pivonello, C; Pivonello, R, 2023) |
| "First-line therapy for prolactinomas consists of bromocriptine or cabergoline, and transsphenoidal pituitary surgery is first-line therapy for other pituitary adenomas requiring treatment." | ( Miller, KK; Tritos, NA, 2023) |
| "Aggressive prolactinomas are life-limiting tumors without a standard of care treatment option after the oral alkylator, temozolomide, fails to provide tumor control." | ( Geer, EB; Lala, N; Lin, AL; Magge, R; Page-Wilson, G; Tabar, V; Young, RJ, 2023) |
| "The occurrence of prolactinomas in sex hormone treated patients with central hypogonadism is extremely rare." | ( Avbelj Stefanija, M; Battelino, T; Breznik, N; Debeljak, M; Fliers, E; Herman, R; Janež, A; Jensterle, M; Trebušak Podkrajšek, K; Vipotnik Vesnaver, T, 2023) |