An anti-HIV agent that destroys or inhibits the replication of HIV-1, the more infective and more virulent of the two types of HIV virus.
ChEBI ID: 64947
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|---|---|
| 6,6'-bieckol | A phlorotanin that is 1,1'-bioxanthrene substituted by 3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy groups at position 6 and 6' and hydroxy groups at positions 2, 2', 4, 4', 7, 7', 9 and 9' respectively. It is isolated from an edible marine brown alga Ecklonia cava and exhibits antioxidant activity. | 6,6'-bieckol |
| alsterpaullone | An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1-benzazepin-2-one which shares its 4-5 bond with the 3-2 bond of 5-nitro-1H-indole. | alsterpaullone |
| batzelladine a | A carboxylic ester obtained by the formal condensation of (2aS,3S,4R,7R,8aS)-4-methyl-7-nonyl-2,2a,3,4,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1H-5,6,8b-triazaacenaphthylene-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of 4-carbamimidamidobutyl (3R)-3-(9-hydroxynonyl)-1-imino-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidine-4-carboxylate. Isolated from a bright red Caribbean sponge, Batzella, it has potential anti-HIV activity. | batzelladine A |
| bryostatin 1 | A member of the class of bryostatins that is (17E)-2-oxooxacyclohexacos-17-ene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 10, and 20; an acetoxy group at position 8; methyl groups at positions 9, 9, 18, and 19; 2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene groups at positions 14 and 24; an (E,E)-octa-2,4-dienoyloxy group at position 21; and with oxygen bridges linking positions 6 to 10, 12 to 16, and 20 to 24. It is one of the most abundant member of the class of bryostatins. | bryostatin 1 |
| callipeltin a | A 10-membered cyclodepsipeptide containing four amino acids in the L- configuration, Ala, Leu, Thr (2 residues); one (Arg) in the D-configuration; two N-methyl amino acids, N-MeAla and N-MeGln; a methoxy tyrosine, a 3, 4-dimethyl-L-glutamine, and a 4-amino-7-guanidino-2,3 dihydroxypentanoic acid (AGDHE), formally derived from L-Arg. It is obtained from the shallow water sponge Callipelta and has been found to show activity against HIV virus. | callipeltin A |
| castanospermine | A tetrahydroxyindolizidine alkaloid that consists of octahydroindolizine having four hydroxy substituents located at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 (the 1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR-diastereomer). | castanospermine |
| complestatin | A heterodetic cyclic peptide consisting of N-acylated trytophan, 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenylglycine, 4-hydroxyphenylglycine, 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenylglycyl, tyrosine and 4-hydroxyphenylglycine residues joined in sequence and in which the side-chain of the central 4-hydroxyphenylglycine residue is attached to the side-chain of the tryptophan via a C3-C6 bond and to the side-chain of the tyrosine via an ether bond from C5. It is isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces and has anti-HIV-1 activity. | chloropeptin II; isocomplestatin |
| crambescidin 800 | An organic heteropentacyclic guanidine alkaloid isolated from the marine sponge Crambe crambe and Batzella. It exhibits anti-HIV-1 and anti-HSV-1 activity. | crambescidin 800 |
| fangchinoline | A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is (1beta)- berbaman which has been substituted by methyl groups at the 2 and 2' positions, by methoxy groups at the 6, 6', and 12 positions, and by a hydroxy group at position 7. Isolated from Stephania tetrandra, it has been found to possess neuroprotective and anti-tumour activity. | fangchinoline |
| kaurenoic acid | An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is ent-kauran-19-oic acid in which a double bond is present at position 16(17); exhibits anticancer and anti-HIV 1 activity. | ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid |
| lycojapodine a | An alkaloid isolated from the club moss Lycopodium japonicum and has been shown to exhibit acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and anti-HIV-1 activity. | lycojapodine A |
| papuamide b | A cyclodepsipeptide that is isolated from Papua New Guinea collections of the marine sponges Theonella mirabilis and Theonella swinhoei. It exhbits anti-HIV-1 activity and cytotoxicity against some human cancer cell lines. | papuamide B |
| ro 5-3335 | A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nordazepam in which the phenyl substituent has been replaced by a 1H-pyrrol-2-yl group. It inhibits gene expression in HIV-1 at the transcriptional level through interference with Tat-mediated transactivation. | Ro 5-3335 |
| xanthohumol | A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 6' and a prenyl group at position 3'. Isolated from Humulus lupulus, it induces apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma cells. | xanthohumol |
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs with This Role(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 83 (8.47) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 189 (19.29) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 263 (26.84) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 328 (33.47) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 117 (11.94) | 2.80 |
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs with this Role (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 14 (1.37%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 46 (4.51%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 960 (94.12%) | 84.16% |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67.9K protein | Vaccinia virus | Potency | 5.2088 | 2 | 3 |
| apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1 | Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 | Potency | 21.1546 | 1 | 2 |
| ATAD5 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 8.1961 | 1 | 1 |
| beta-2 adrenergic receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.4012 | 2 | 2 |
| BRCA1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.7783 | 1 | 1 |
| bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 79.4328 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Beta-lactamase | Escherichia coli K-12 | Potency | 35.4813 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 56.2341 | 1 | 1 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| core-binding factor subunit beta isoform 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 8.6499 | 1 | 1 |
| DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.6228 | 1 | 1 |
| DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| flap endonuclease 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 1 | 1 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.7647 | 2 | 6 |
| glp-1 receptor, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.4555 | 2 | 4 |
| glucocerebrosidase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.1254 | 1 | 1 |
| Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.7943 | 1 | 1 |
| Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1838 | 1 | 1 |
| IDH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.3601 | 1 | 1 |
| lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.9239 | 5 | 8 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 11.2202 | 1 | 1 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 11.2202 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 2.3109 | 2 | 2 |
| nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 24.0353 | 2 | 2 |
| parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 44.6684 | 1 | 3 |
| plasminogen precursor | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 7.8758 | 1 | 2 |
| regulator of G-protein signaling 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 1 | 1 |
| runt-related transcription factor 1 isoform AML1b | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 8.6499 | 1 | 1 |
| Smad3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 2.4769 | 3 | 4 |
| TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.3548 | 1 | 1 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.3777 | 2 | 6 |
| urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 7.8758 | 1 | 2 |
| urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 7.8758 | 1 | 2 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 6.6000 | 1 | 1 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 51.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0040 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain B, Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0040 | 1 | 1 |
| Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 0.3570 | 1 | 1 |
| Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 500.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Cyclin-A2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0150 | 1 | 1 |
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0321 | 7 | 9 |
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 | Oryzias latipes (Japanese medaka) | IC50 | 0.0263 | 1 | 3 |
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0150 | 2 | 2 |
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 10.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0815 | 4 | 6 |
| Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0608 | 6 | 10 |
| Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase | Leishmania major | IC50 | 31.5614 | 1 | 2 |
| G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B | Marthasterias glacialis (spiny starfish) | IC50 | 0.0263 | 1 | 3 |
| G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0350 | 3 | 3 |
| G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0350 | 3 | 3 |
| G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0350 | 3 | 3 |
| Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0043 | 3 | 3 |
| Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0105 | 12 | 14 |
| Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 0.0263 | 1 | 3 |
| Integrase | Human immunodeficiency virus 1 | IC50 | 1.6400 | 5 | 5 |
| MO15-related protein kinase Pfmrk | Plasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum) | IC50 | 51.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| Non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 19.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 30.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 30.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 2.5000 | 2 | 2 |
| Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 129.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein kinase C alpha type | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein kinase C alpha type | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0005 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein kinase C delta type | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0008 | 2 | 2 |
| Protein kinase C theta type | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein Tat | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (CLONE 12) | IC50 | 4.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| Replicase polyprotein 1ab | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 | IC50 | 1.5000 | 1 | 1 |
| T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.1300 | 1 | 1 |
| Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 40.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 40.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Thioredoxin reductase 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 40.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Transcription factor p65 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 30.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 20.2000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lymphocyte antigen 96 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 460.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 94.3000 | 1 | 1 |
| Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH | Human immunodeficiency virus 1 | EC50 | 1.0700 | 1 | 1 |
| Transthyretin | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 12.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | ID50 | 0.0350 | 1 | 1 |
| G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 | Homo sapiens (human) | ID50 | 0.0350 | 1 | 1 |
| G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 | Homo sapiens (human) | ID50 | 0.0350 | 1 | 1 |
| G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3 | Homo sapiens (human) | ID50 | 0.0350 | 1 | 1 |
| NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | CD | 1.3000 | 1 | 1 |