A plant growth regulator that modulates the formation of stems, leaves and flowers, as well as the development and ripening of fruit. The term includes endogenous and non-endogenous compounds (e.g. active compounds produced by bacteria on the leaf surface) as well as semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.
ChEBI ID: 37848
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|---|---|
| 2-chlorobenzoic acid | A monochlorobenzoic acid having the chloro group at the 2-position. | 2-chlorobenzoic acid |
| abscisic acid | The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold. | (+)-abscisic acid |
| brassinolide | brassinolide | |
| carlactone | A gamma-lactone that is furan-2(5H)-one which is substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and by a [(1Z,3E)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)buta-1,3-dien-1-yl]oxy group at position 5. | carlactone |
| ethylene | ethene | |
| indole-3-acetonitrile | A nitrile that is acetonitrile where one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. | indole-3-acetonitrile |
| indoleacetic acid | A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. | indole-3-acetic acid |
| indolebutyric acid | A indol-3-yl carboxylic acid that is butanoic acid carrying a 1H-indol-3-yl substituent at position 1. | indole-3-butyric acid |
| salicylic acid | A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid with a hydroxy group at the ortho position. It is obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. | salicylic acid |
| traumatic acid | A monounsaturated straight-chain dicarboxylic acid with the double bond at C-2; a plant wound-healing hormone. | traumatic acid |
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs with This Role(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 6,170 (20.42) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3,565 (11.80) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 6,611 (21.88) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 10,047 (33.25) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3,819 (12.64) | 2.80 |
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs with this Role (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 806 (2.45%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 2,012 (6.13%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 6,035 (18.38%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 70 (0.21%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 23,908 (72.82%) | 84.16% |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.9033 | 1 | 2 |
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.9662 | 1 | 1 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.1882 | 1 | 3 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.7082 | 4 | 4 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.6666 | 2 | 4 |
| Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1838 | 1 | 1 |
| chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 70.7946 | 1 | 1 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.7365 | 2 | 5 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.6458 | 1 | 1 |
| histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.2202 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 61.1306 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.8694 | 1 | 1 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 46.8203 | 2 | 2 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 19.9526 | 1 | 1 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 27.2505 | 1 | 1 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 42.4050 | 3 | 3 |
| SMAD family member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.5357 | 1 | 1 |
| SMAD family member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.5357 | 1 | 1 |
| survival motor neuron protein isoform d | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 1 | 1 |
| thioredoxin reductase | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 63.0957 | 1 | 1 |
| vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.9494 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 346.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Albumin | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 5,888,440,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Beta-lactamase | Klebsiella pneumoniae | IC50 | 480.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | IC50 | 757.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Bile salt export pump | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Bile salt export pump | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase | Dicentrarchus labrax (European seabass) | Ki | 324.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 560.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 170.9424 | 5 | 17 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 12 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 161.7929 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 13 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 165.9500 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 14 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 164.7214 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 15 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 7.2000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 680.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 177.5071 | 5 | 17 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 224.3786 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 161.9571 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 209.5929 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 186.5214 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 305.8800 | 3 | 15 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 7 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 167.0286 | 2 | 14 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 9 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 160.9133 | 3 | 15 |
| Cystathionine gamma-lyase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 200.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2 | Klebsiella pneumoniae | IC50 | 1,947.9200 | 1 | 2 |
| Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0002 | 1 | 1 |
| Peptide deformylase | Escherichia coli | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Peptide deformylase 1A, chloroplastic/mitochondrial | Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Polyphenol oxidase 2 | Agaricus bisporus | IC50 | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 | Gallus gallus (chicken) | Ki | 2,300.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 270.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 40.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 20 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 43.8258 | 1 | 2 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 280.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 144.7720 | 1 | 2 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 670.5000 | 2 | 2 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 8 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 1,020.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 80.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 19,400.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH | Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IP 32953 | Ki | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 66,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase | Bos taurus (cattle) | Ki | 100,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta-lactamase | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Kd | 430.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Kd | 274.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| High mobility group protein B1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 1.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2 | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Kd | 800.1640 | 1 | 2 |
| Polymerase acidic protein | Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1)) | EC50 | 250.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Stromelysin-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 25,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | A0.5 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Homo sapiens (human) | A0.5 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | A0.5 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 | Homo sapiens (human) | A0.5 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | A0.5 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 | Homo sapiens (human) | A0.5 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 | Homo sapiens (human) | A0.5 | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 3 | Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) | Km | 0.7100 | 1 | 1 |
| Estrogen receptor | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Kis | 19,400.0000 | 1 | 4 |
| Estrogen receptor beta | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Kis | 19,400.0000 | 1 | 4 |
| Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta | Homo sapiens (human) | INH | 1,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Polyphenol oxidase 2 | Agaricus bisporus | ID50 | 3,900.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 7 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Km | 85.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Activity | 19,400.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kis | 19,400.0000 | 1 | 1 |