A polar solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) donor.
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|
| 1-butanol | A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. | butan-1-ol |
| 1-propanol | The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. | propan-1-ol |
| 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol | A secondary alcohol that is isopropanol in which one hydrogen of each methyl group is substituted by a chlorine. A liquid at room temperature (melting point -4degreeC, boiling point 174degreeC at 760 mm Hg), it is used as a solvent for hard resins and nitrocellulose. | 1,3-dichloropropan-2-ol |
| 1,3-propanediol | The simplest member of the class of propane-1,3-diols, consisting of propane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by a hydroxy group. A colourless, viscous, water-miscible liquid with a high (210degreeC) boiling point, it is used in the synthesis of certain polymers and as a solvent and antifreeze. | propane-1,3-diol |
| 1,4-butanediol | A butanediol that is butane in which one hydrogen of each of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. A colourless, water-miscible, viscous liquid at room temperature (m.p. 16degreeC) with a high boiling point (230degreeC), it is mainly used for the production of other organic chemicals, particularly the solvent oxolane (also known as tetrahydrofuran or THF). | butane-1,4-diol |
| 2-ethoxyethanol | A hydroxyether that is the ethyl ether derivative of ethylene glycol. | 2-ethoxyethanol |
| 2-propanol | A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group. | propan-2-ol |
| acetic acid | A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. | acetic acid |
| carbitol | A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2. | diethylene glycol monoethyl ether |
| formic acid | The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. | formic acid |
| methyl cellosolve | A hydroxyether that is ethanol substituted by a methoxy group at position 2. | 2-methoxyethanol |
| n-butoxyethanol | A primary alcohol that is ethanol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a butoxy group. A high-boiling (171degreeC) colourless liquid, it is used as a solvent for paints and inks, as well as in some dry cleaning solutions. | 2-butoxyethanol |
| n-decyl alcohol | A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at C-1 of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms. | decan-1-ol |
| nitric acid | A nitrogen oxoacid of formula HNO3 in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to a hydroxy group and by equivalent bonds to the remaining two oxygen atoms. | nitric acid |
| piperidine | An azacycloalkane that is cyclohexane in which one of the carbons is replaced by a nitrogen. It is a metabolite of cadaverine, a polyamine found in the human intestine. | piperidine |
| propylene glycol | The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze. | propane-1,2-diol |
| tert-amyl alcohol | A tertiary alcohol that is propan-1-ol in which both of the hydrogens at position 1 have been replaced by methyl groups. | 2-methylbutan-2-ol |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | A primary alcohol that is methanol in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. | tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|
| acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 73.6766 | 2 | 2 |
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.4717 | 2 | 2 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.3676 | 1 | 3 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.0418 | 4 | 5 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 76.9588 | 1 | 1 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.6274 | 1 | 4 |
| Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.3162 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1 | 1 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 54.0090 | 1 | 2 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 36.6684 | 4 | 15 |
| estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 44.2183 | 2 | 2 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 78.3697 | 1 | 1 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.3980 | 2 | 2 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1500 | 2 | 10 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 12.6400 | 2 | 3 |
| Glutamate receptor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 65.4940 | 1 | 2 |
| heat shock protein beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 59.0121 | 2 | 2 |
| Histone H2A.x | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 124.7727 | 2 | 3 |
| hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 59.0121 | 1 | 1 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.1220 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.6032 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 54.9410 | 1 | 1 |
| Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.4978 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.5197 | 1 | 1 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 54.9477 | 1 | 1 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 52.5946 | 1 | 1 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1,412.5400 | 1 | 1 |
| pregnane X receptor | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 53.1380 | 1 | 2 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 40.1569 | 2 | 4 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 43.5295 | 3 | 11 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 45.9606 | 2 | 8 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 43.6678 | 2 | 2 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.5012 | 1 | 1 |
| thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 8.1548 | 2 | 4 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 56.2341 | 1 | 1 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 66.2126 | 1 | 1 |
| Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 65.4940 | 1 | 2 |