amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination: amiloride hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide drug combination. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 107748 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 1324037 |
| MeSH ID | M0055606 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| co-amilozide |
| amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination |
| 68529-45-3 |
| SCHEMBL1324037 |
| pyrazinecarboxamide, 3,5-diamino-n-(aminoiminomethyl)-6-chloro-, mixt. with 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2h-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide |
| amiloride hydrochloride, hydrochlorothiazide |
| DTXSID90218652 |
| Q5137424 |
| 6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2h-1lambda6,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide;3,5-diamino-6-chloro-n-(diaminomethylidene)pyrazine-2-carboxamide |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Antihypertensive therapy is effective in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events." | ( Combination of amlodipine plus angiotensin receptor blocker or diuretics in high-risk hypertensive patients: a 96-week efficacy and safety study. Deng, Q; Liu, L; Liu, M; Ma, L; Sun, H; Wang, J; Wang, W; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " Safety evaluations included monitoring of any adverse events (AEs)." | ( Combination of amlodipine plus angiotensin receptor blocker or diuretics in high-risk hypertensive patients: a 96-week efficacy and safety study. Deng, Q; Liu, L; Liu, M; Ma, L; Sun, H; Wang, J; Wang, W; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y, 2012) | 0.38 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 36 (46.15) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 24 (30.77) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 8 (10.26) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 7 (8.97) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (3.85) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (28.33) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 36 (46.15%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 2 (2.56%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 14 (17.95%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 26 (33.33%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| An Open-label, Randomized, Single-dose, Two-period Cross-over Study to Evaluate Bioequivalence of GSK3542503 Hydrochlorothiazide + Amiloride Hydrochloride 50 mg: 5 mg Fixed Dose Combination Tablets Versus Reference Product in Healthy Adult Participants Un [NCT03031496] | Phase 1 | 42 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-03-17 | Completed | ||
| A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Phase IIa Study of Amiloride in the Treatment of Acute Autoimmune Optic Neuritis [NCT01879527] | Phase 2 | 78 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2014-03-31 | Recruiting | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Serum ALT, alk. phosph. and AST levels were assessed as a clinical chemistry laboratory parameter at Day -1 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Unit per liter (U/L) (Mean) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALT;Period 1 (P1);Day -1;24 hour pre-dose;n=21,21 | ALT; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21,20 | ALT; P2; Day -1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19,19 | ALT; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | Alk.phosph.; P1; Day -1; 24 hour pre-dose; n=21,21 | Alk.phosph.; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n=21,20 | Alk.phosph.; P2; Day -1; 24 hour pre-dose; n=19,19 | Alk.phosph.; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n=19,19 | AST; P1; Day -1; 24 hour pre-dose; n=21, 21 | AST; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n=21, 20 | AST; P2; Day -1; 24 hour pre-dose; n=19, 19 | AST; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n=19, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 19.8 | 15.9 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 67.5 | 67.1 | 65.1 | 66.8 | 21.9 | 17.5 | 21.6 | 19.9 |
| Treatment B | 16.6 | 14.1 | 17.6 | 16.9 | 71.1 | 69.9 | 63.6 | 65.2 | 20.1 | 17.8 | 21.1 | 18.4 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points under fasting conditions for pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. Bioequivalence of test product and reference product was assessed based on the 90 percent confidence intervals (CIs) for estimates of the geometric mean ratios between the AUC (0-t) of the test and reference products in relation to the conventional bioequivalence range. An analysis of variance was used with sequence, subject (sequence), treatment and period as fixed effects. (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Pre-dose, 0.33, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 10, 12,14, 16 hours post-dose on Day 1, 24 and 36 hours post dose on Day 2 and 48 hours post-dose on Day 3
| Intervention | Hour x nanograms/milliliter (h*ng/mL) (Geometric Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Amiloride | |
| Treatment A | 2160 | 96.3 |
| Treatment B | 2360 | 94.1 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points under fasting conditions for PK analysis of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. Bioequivalence of test product and reference product was assessed based on the 90 percent CIs for estimates of the geometric mean ratios between the AUC (0-inf) of the test and reference products in relation to the conventional bioequivalence range. An analysis of variance was used with sequence, subject (sequence), treatment and period as fixed effects. Only those participants with data available at the specified data points were analyzed (represented by n= X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Pre-dose, 0.33, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 10, 12,14, 16 hours post-dose on Day 1, 24 and 36 hours post dose on Day 2 and 48 hours post-dose on Day 3
| Intervention | h*ng/mL (Geometric Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrochlorothiazide; n= 37, 38 | Amiloride; n= 22, 22 | |
| Treatment A | 2310 | 117 |
| Treatment B | 2490 | 112 |
Serum BUN levels were assessed as a clinical chemistry laboratory parameter at Day -1 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n=21, 21 | P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n=21, 20 | P2; Day -1; 24 hour pre-dose; n=19, 19 | P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n=19, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 12.519 | 14.970 | 12.185 | 16.372 |
| Treatment B | 12.702 | 15.593 | 12.164 | 15.208 |
Vital sign measurements including body temperature were taken in a supine position after at least 5 minutes of rest at Day -1, Day 1, Day 2 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants with data available at the specified data points were analyzed (represented by n= X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Degree Celsius (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | P2; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 18, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 36.42 | 36.44 | 36.06 | 36.42 | 36.45 | 36.59 | 36.64 | 36.28 | 36.26 | 36.41 | 36.28 | 36.06 | 36.41 | 36.53 | 36.59 | 36.64 | 36.15 | 36.08 |
| Treatment B | 36.43 | 36.40 | 36.05 | 36.38 | 36.46 | 36.61 | 36.75 | 36.30 | 36.28 | 36.34 | 36.24 | 36.19 | 36.38 | 36.44 | 36.57 | 36.65 | 36.17 | 36.28 |
Serum calcium, chloride, glucose, magnesium, potassium and sodium levels were assessed as a clinical chemistry laboratory parameter at Day -1 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Millimoles per liter (Mmol/L) (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium; P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | Calcium; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | Calcium; P2; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | Calcium; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | Chloride; P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | Chloride; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | Chloride; P2; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | Chloride; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | Glucose; P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 20 | Glucose; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | Glucose; P2; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | Glucose; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | Magnesium; P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | Magnesium; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | Magnesium; P2; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | Magnesium; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | Potassium; P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | Potassium; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | Potassium; P2; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | Potassium; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | Sodium; P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | Sodium; P1; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | Sodium; P2; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | Sodium; P2; Day 3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 2.400 | 2.396 | 2.374 | 2.415 | 104.80 | 103.27 | 104.36 | 102.62 | 4.746 | 5.006 | 4.754 | 4.652 | 0.782 | 0.781 | 0.826 | 0.821 | 4.287 | 4.303 | 4.300 | 4.364 | 140.86 | 138.90 | 140.11 | 139.11 |
| Treatment B | 2.418 | 2.393 | 2.335 | 2.379 | 103.62 | 102.63 | 104.85 | 103.49 | 4.643 | 4.827 | 4.765 | 4.732 | 0.801 | 0.804 | 0.805 | 0.783 | 4.294 | 4.222 | 4.225 | 4.336 | 140.67 | 139.25 | 139.68 | 139.11 |
Serum creatinine, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin levels were assessed as a clinical chemistry laboratory parameter at Day -1 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Micromoles per liter (µmol/L) (Mean) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Creatinine; P1; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | Creatinine; P1; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | Creatinine; P2; Day-1; 24 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | Creatinine; P2; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | Direct bilirubin;P1;Day-1;24 hour pre-dose;n=21,21 | Direct bilirubin;P1;Day3;48 hour post-dose;n=21,20 | Direct bilirubin;P2;Day-1;24 hour pre-dose;n=19,19 | Direct bilirubin;P2;Day3;48 hour post-dose;n=19,19 | Total bilirubin;P1;Day-1;24 hour pre-dose;n=21,21 | Total bilirubin;P1;Day3;48 hour post-dose;n=21,20 | Total bilirubin;P2;Day-1;24 hour pre-dose;n=19,19 | Total bilirubin;P2;Day3;48 hour post-dose;n=19,19 | |
| Treatment A | 85.2 | 87.0 | 82.1 | 85.6 | 4.25 | 3.20 | 3.94 | 3.77 | 12.10 | 9.40 | 10.61 | 10.83 |
| Treatment B | 85.0 | 87.3 | 82.5 | 88.7 | 4.52 | 3.72 | 3.64 | 3.14 | 13.48 | 10.80 | 10.08 | 8.67 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points under fasting conditions for pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. Bioequivalence of test product and reference product was assessed based on the 90 percent CIs for estimates of the geometric mean ratios between the Cmax of the test and reference products in relation to the conventional bioequivalence range. An analysis of variance was used with sequence, subject (sequence), treatment and period as fixed effects. (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Pre-dose, 0.33, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 10, 12,14, 16 hours post-dose on Day 1, 24 and 36 hours post dose on Day 2 and 48 hours post-dose on Day 3
| Intervention | ng/mL (Geometric Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Amiloride | |
| Treatment A | 312 | 9.27 |
| Treatment B | 377 | 8.92 |
An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. SAE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose results in death, is life threatening requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability, is a congenital anomaly/ birth effect, other situations and is associated with liver injury or impaired liver function. Only those participants with data available at the specified time points were analyzed (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Up to 25 days
| Intervention | Participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| AEs | SAEs | |
| Treatment A | 5 | 0 |
| Treatment B | 8 | 0 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points under fasting conditions for PK analysis of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. Bioequivalence of test product and reference product was assessed based on the 90 percent CIs for estimates of the geometric mean ratios between percent AUCex of the test and reference products in relation to the conventional bioequivalence range. Only those participants with data available at the specified data points were analyzed (represented by n= X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Pre-dose, 0.33, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 10, 12,14, 16 hours post-dose on Day 1, 24 and 36 hours post dose on Day 2 and 48 hours post-dose on Day 3
| Intervention | Percent of area (Geometric Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrochlorothiazide; n= 37, 38 | Amiloride; n= 22, 22 | |
| Treatment A | 5.24 | 9.68 |
| Treatment B | 4.63 | 10.7 |
Vital sign measurements including pulse rate were taken in a supine position after at least 5 minutes of rest at Day -1, Day 1, Day 2 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants with data available at the specified data points were analyzed (represented by n= X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Beats per minute (bpm) (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | P2; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 18, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 66.9 | 61.8 | 62.5 | 61.7 | 64.1 | 71.5 | 66.0 | 69.0 | 71.4 | 65.2 | 62.5 | 61.5 | 60.7 | 62.4 | 72.9 | 68.2 | 69.0 | 70.3 |
| Treatment B | 64.7 | 62.0 | 60.9 | 60.7 | 62.5 | 70.8 | 67.8 | 68.6 | 73.0 | 65.2 | 60.1 | 62.8 | 59.2 | 62.7 | 71.4 | 66.2 | 68.8 | 73.4 |
Vital sign measurements including respiratory rate were taken in a supine position after at least 5 minutes of rest at Day -1, Day 1, Day 2 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants with data available at the specified data points were analyzed (represented by n= X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Breaths per minute (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | P2; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 18, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 16.5 | 16.3 | 16.7 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 17.2 | 16.9 | 18.2 | 17.1 | 17.9 | 17.7 | 15.8 | 18.0 | 17.9 | 17.2 | 18.7 | 17.5 | 18.4 |
| Treatment B | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.9 | 17.5 | 17.0 | 18.4 | 18.2 | 18.0 | 17.7 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 16.3 | 17.3 | 17.4 | 18.3 | 18.2 | 17.6 | 17.2 |
Vital sign measurements including SBP and DBP were taken in a supine position after at least 5 minutes of rest at Day -1, Day 1, Day 2 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants with data available at the specified data points were analyzed (represented by n= X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Millimeters of mercury (mmHg) (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBP; P1; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n=21,21 | SBP; P1; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | SBP; P1; Day1; 1.5 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | SBP; P1; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | SBP: P1; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | SBP; P1; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | SBP; P1; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | SBP; P1; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | SBP; P1; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | SBP; P2; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP; P2; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP; P2; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP; P2; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP: P2; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP: P2; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP: P2; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP: P2; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | SBP; P2; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 18, 19 | DBP; P1; Day-1; 12 hour pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP; P1; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP: P1; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP; P1; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP: P1; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP; P1; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP; P1; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP: P1; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 21, 21 | DBP: P1; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 21, 20 | DBP; P2; Day-1; 12 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP; P2; Day1; 1 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP; P2; Day1; 1.5 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP; P2; Day1; 2 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP; P2; Day1; 4 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP: P2; Day1; 6 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP; P2; Day1; 8 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP: P2; Day2; 24 hour post-dose; n= 19, 19 | DBP: P2; Day3; 48 hour post-dose; n= 18, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 115.9 | 112.8 | 111.5 | 113.3 | 112.5 | 110.9 | 113.0 | 111.4 | 114.5 | 113.8 | 110.0 | 108.9 | 109.6 | 109.5 | 108.5 | 109.8 | 109.1 | 112.9 | 65.4 | 63.7 | 64.0 | 63.4 | 64.8 | 61.4 | 63.0 | 64.9 | 67.3 | 63.1 | 63.9 | 61.1 | 62.5 | 62.8 | 59.4 | 61.1 | 62.9 | 65.9 |
| Treatment B | 115.8 | 111.6 | 110.8 | 112.6 | 114.0 | 113.0 | 111.8 | 110.5 | 113.8 | 116.2 | 113.7 | 112.2 | 113.8 | 113.5 | 112.4 | 111.5 | 110.6 | 116.5 | 64.9 | 63.5 | 63.9 | 65.7 | 64.4 | 62.7 | 63.7 | 64.2 | 66.0 | 65.8 | 64.1 | 63.4 | 65.3 | 65.3 | 61.5 | 62.9 | 64.4 | 67.2 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points under fasting conditions for PK analysis of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. Only those participants with data available at the specified data points were analyzed (represented by n= X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Pre-dose, 0.33, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 10, 12,14, 16 hours post-dose on Day 1, 24 and 36 hours post dose on Day 2 and 48 hours post-dose on Day 3
| Intervention | Hour (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrochlorothiazide; n= 37, 38 | Amiloride; n= 22, 22 | |
| Treatment A | 12.4 | 15.2 |
| Treatment B | 11.3 | 16.6 |
Blood samples were collected at indicated time points under fasting conditions for PK analysis of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. Median and full range has been presented. (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Pre-dose, 0.33, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 10, 12,14, 16 hours post-dose on Day 1, 24 and 36 hours post dose on Day 2 and 48 hours post-dose on Day 3
| Intervention | Hour (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Amiloride | |
| Treatment A | 2.505 | 2.507 |
| Treatment B | 1.509 | 2.508 |
Serum total protein levels were assessed as a clinical chemistry laboratory parameter at Day -1 and Day 3 in each treatment period. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X in the category titles). (NCT03031496)
Timeframe: Day -1 and Day 3 of each treatment period
| Intervention | Grams per liter (g/L) (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1; Day-1; 24 hours pre-dose; n= 21, 21 | P1; Day 3; 48 hours post-dose; n= 21, 20 | P2; Day-1; 24 hours pre-dose; n= 19, 19 | P2; Day 3; 48 hours post-dose; n= 19, 19 | |
| Treatment A | 74.08 | 74.53 | 71.29 | 73.56 |
| Treatment B | 76.06 | 74.99 | 70.06 | 72.33 |
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| phosphoric acid phosphoric acid: concise etchant is 37% H3PO4. phosphoric acid : A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom. | 2 | 1 | 0 | phosphoric acids | algal metabolite; fertilizer; human metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent |
| uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 3.76 | 2 | 1 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic |
| amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina. | 7.13 | 6 | 6 | dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent. | 6.77 | 10 | 7 | ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic |
| bendroflumethiazide Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group. | 3.76 | 2 | 1 | benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide | antihypertensive agent; diuretic |
| chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea | hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue |
| chlorthalidone Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic. | 5.3 | 2 | 2 | isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide | |
| clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group. | 4.32 | 2 | 2 | clonidine; imidazoline | |
| cyclopenthiazide Cyclopenthiazide: Thiazide diuretic also used as an antihypertensive agent. | 3.34 | 1 | 1 | benzothiadiazine | |
| doxazosin Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure. | 4.98 | 3 | 3 | aromatic amine; benzodioxine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinazolines | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; vasodilator agent |
| felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. | 4.31 | 2 | 2 | chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide | environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic |
| hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. | 13.9 | 78 | 36 | benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide | antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic |
| metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1. | 4.32 | 2 | 2 | aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic |
| deoxyepinephrine Deoxyepinephrine: Sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor agent. | 3.36 | 1 | 1 | catecholamine | |
| nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. | 8.84 | 9 | 8 | C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent |
| nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent |
| pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol. | 4.31 | 2 | 2 | indoles; secondary amine | antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent |
| prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor |
| propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema. | 4.83 | 4 | 2 | pteridines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes | antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester | aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug |
| triethylamine [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | tertiary amine | |
| quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines | |
| pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms. | 6.04 | 16 | 2 | diazine; pyrazines | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. | 13.9 | 78 | 36 | aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | timolol | anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist |
| methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent |
| captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene: Russian drug; saluretic containing above 2 cpds; do not confuse with Triampur synonym for triamterene; Dyazide & Maxzide have different proportions | 4.83 | 4 | 2 | ||
| telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension. | 4.37 | 1 | 1 | benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl | angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| fenquizone fenquizone: structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| ibopamine ibopamine: structure given in UD 31;67a & in 2nd source | 3.36 | 1 | 1 | benzoate ester; phenols | |
| abiraterone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; pyridines | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.9 (steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase) inhibitor |
| dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
| enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration). | 3.39 | 1 | 1 | dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug |
| moducrin moducrin: combination of amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide & timolol maleate | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 12.53 | 44 | 32 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 12.53 | 44 | 32 |
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Liddle Syndrome Familial pseudoaldosteronism characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of hypertension with HYPOKALEMIA; ALKALOSIS; RENIN and ALDOSTERONE level decreases. It is caused by mutations in EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS beta and gamma subunits. Different mutations in the same EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS subunits can cause PSEUDOHYPOALDOSTERONISM, TYPE I, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Dilatation, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 6.5 | 3 | 2 |
| Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available] | 0 | 3.77 | 2 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 3.77 | 2 | 1 |
| Complications, Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 3.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 4.32 | 1 | 1 |
| Adrenal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 4.32 | 1 | 1 |
| Aldosteronism [description not available] | 0 | 4.32 | 1 | 1 |
| Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 4.32 | 1 | 1 |
| Hyperaldosteronism A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA. | 0 | 4.32 | 1 | 1 |
| Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA. | 0 | 4.32 | 1 | 1 |
| Hyperpotassemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Hyperkalemia Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Hyponatremia Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 4.76 | 12 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 5.01 | 5 | 2 |
| Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypokalemia Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 1 |
| Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.83 | 4 | 2 |
| Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 4.83 | 4 | 2 |
| Actinic Reticuloid Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Oropharnyx [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries, Radiation [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Oropharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Palsy [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Paralysis A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Amentia [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Dementia An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Complication, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 0 | 4.33 | 2 | 2 |
| Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 4.36 | 2 | 2 |
| Calcification, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Calcinosis Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues. | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS). | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Carotid Artery Narrowing [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Carotid Stenosis Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3) | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Convulsions, Grand Mal [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329) | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Antidiuretic Hormone, Inappropriate Secretion [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Inappropriate ADH Syndrome A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting from sustained release of ANTIDIURETIC HORMONES which stimulates renal resorption of water. It is characterized by normal KIDNEY function, high urine OSMOLALITY, low serum osmolality, and neurological dysfunction. Etiologies include ADH-producing neoplasms, injuries or diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the LUNG. This syndrome can also be drug-induced. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Arrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Thymus [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Thymus Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |