Page last updated: 2024-08-05 15:28:00

surfactant

A substance which lowers the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapour and/or at other interfaces.

ChEBI ID: 35195

Members (15)

MemberDefinitionClass
4-octylphenolA member of the class of phenols that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by an octyl group.4-octylphenol
cetrimonium bromideThe organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrousA pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat.cetylpyridinium chloride
cocamidopropyl betaineAn ammonium betaine in which the the ammonium nitrogen is substituted by two methyl groups and a lauramidopropyl group. It is the major (>50%) component of cocamidopropyl betaine.lauramidopropyl betaine
colfosceril palmitateA phosphatidylcholine 32:0 in which the 1- and 2-acyl groups are specified as hexadecanoyl (palmitoyl). A synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of pulmonary surfactants.1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
diisopropanolamineA secondary amino compound that is diethanolamine substituted by methyl groups at positions 1 and 1'. It is a versatile chemical used in a variety of personal care, cosmetic and industrial products.diisopropanolamine
dimethyldodecylbenzylammoniumThe organic bromide salt of benzododecinium. It is a cationic surfactant that has antispetic and disinfectant properties.benzododecinium bromide
dodecyltrimethylammonium bromideA quarternary ammonium cation having one dodecyl and three methyl substituents around the central nitrogen.dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acidA fluoroalkanoic acid that is nonanoic acid in which all of the hydrogens in the alkyl chain are replaced by fluorines.perfluorononanoic acid
perfluorobutane sulfonateA perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid that is butane-1-sulfonic acid in which all of the hydrogens of the butyl group have been replaced by fluorines.perfluorobutanesulfonic acid
perfluorooctanoic acidA fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated octanoic acid.perfluorooctanoic acid
sterogenolA pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and bromide as the anion.cetylpyridinium bromide
surfactin AA cyclodepsipeptide that is N-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-11-methyldodecanoyl]-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-leucyl-D-leucyl-L-valyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-D-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been lactonised by condensation with the alcoholic hydroxy group.surfactin A
surfactin cA cyclodepsipeptide that is N-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-13-methyltetradecanoyl]-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-leucyl-D-leucyl-L-valyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-D-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been lactonised by condensation with the alcoholic hydroxy group.surfactin C
triethanolamineA tertiary amino compound that is ammonia in which each of the hydrogens is substituted by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.triethanolamine

Research

Studies (25,377)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-199011,400 (44.92)18.7374
1990's4,149 (16.35)18.2507
2000's2,934 (11.56)29.6817
2010's5,560 (21.91)24.3611
2020's1,334 (5.26)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials614 (2.18%)5.53%
Reviews2,427 (8.61%)6.00%
Case Studies200 (0.71%)4.05%
Observational19 (0.07%)0.25%
Other24,923 (88.43%)84.16%

Protein Targets (162)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency10.384024
acetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)Potency48.1379323
acid sphingomyelinaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.234111
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.054329
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.000011
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.93581175
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency34.352324
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.366917
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.9963212
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency55.455515
caspase-3Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency54.815311
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency55.455515
Caspase-7Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency54.815311
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.1433321
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency0.354811
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency39.810711
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency40.870812
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.610412
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency89.125111
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.417014
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.090915
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.883215
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.2214110
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.28701290
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency54.7243319
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.8747962
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.387211
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency42.9337524
flap endonuclease 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.432811
Fumarate hydrataseHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.481313
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency27.417014
GALC proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.631011
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.832526
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.6454322
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.548111
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.832612
glucocerebrosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency37.1210527
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency26.310819
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chainHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.000012
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.387211
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency43.3126215
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency52.047425
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency47.393612
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.417014
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.735812
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.7572217
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.278012
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.417018
Inositol monophosphatase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency2.238711
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.901227
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency66.824211
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.092912
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency31.622811
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency55.731324
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.811723
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.002923
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.5351433
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.144612
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.118712
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency48.4750210
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.188311
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency8.452626
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency7.943311
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency47.6130319
P53Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.987224
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency44.2100523
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency44.1176526
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency47.393612
polyproteinZika virusPotency35.481313
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.183812
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.039012
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency42.367917
pregnane X receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency50.118712
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency51.1290215
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency47.393612
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency10.0027217
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency70.794611
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.8914331
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.3175424
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency37.685811
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.1117216
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.1117216
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency19.032813
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.943314
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.5304216
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency12.0419321
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency55.082848
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.464049
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency33.747828
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.478814
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency41.2560214
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.7657422
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency68.259314
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency26.310819
VprHuman immunodeficiency virus 1Potency39.472312

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
10 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC509.250022
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC507.400011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC502.831011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki1.618011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC502.831011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki1.618011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)IC503.173011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.907011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)IC505.690011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.621011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)IC501.288011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.674011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC501.288011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Ki0.674011
60 kDa chaperoninEscherichia coli K-12IC50210.000011
60 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC509.250022
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC507.400011
AcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC507.112012
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)IC5022.432011
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)Ki12.593011
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)IC505.386012
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.044012
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5032.150012
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki31.884512
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC505.386012
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki3.044012
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC505.386012
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki3.044012
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC507.265012
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.724512
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC507.137012
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.258512
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC507.865512
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.142512
Androgen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5019.054611
cysteine protease ATG4B isoform aHomo sapiens (human)IC507.140011
Dynamin-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.345012
Epidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC509.845512
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5027.674011
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki7.907011
Melanocortin receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)IC505.081011
Melanocortin receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.886011
Melanocortin receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)IC503.726011
Melanocortin receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.495011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)IC5015.016011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Homo sapiens (human)IC509.023012
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.173012
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Homo sapiens (human)IC506.291012
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.236512
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Homo sapiens (human)IC509.519012
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.017612
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)IC500.106011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.015011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)IC5015.387012
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)Ki11.054612
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase HST2Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288CIC50700.000011
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1Homo sapiens (human)IC50600.000022
phospholipase A2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)IC508.340011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC504.093011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.319011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC502.862011
putative polyproteinIC5013.711522
rac GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)IC5061.090011
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2Homo sapiens (human)IC501.878011
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC507.385012
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki5.867512
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC5032.150012
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki31.884512
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterHomo sapiens (human)IC504.326512
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.298012
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5013.031012
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki4.343512
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Thromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)IC5036.250512
Tyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)IC500.298011
Tyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)IC5012.618012

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Caspase-2Homo sapiens (human)EC5021.000011
ORF73Human gammaherpesvirus 8EC5075.000011

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform aHomo sapiens (human)AC503.790011
heat shock protein 90, putativePlasmodium falciparum 3D7AC504.032011
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)AC504.220011