Apertognathia

A condition in which certain opposing teeth fail to establish occlusal contact when the jaws are closed.

Synonym
Openbite
Open Bite
Nonocclusion
Apertognathia

Excerpt	Reference
"Anterior open bite is often caused by a downward rotation of the mandible and/or by excessive eruption of the posterior teeth."	( Katayama, A; Kuroda, S; Takano-Yamamoto, T, 2004)
"Skeletal anterior open bite is one of the most challenging malocclusions to correct because it is difficult to establish absolute anchorage for molar intrusion with traditional orthodontic mechanics."	( Kuroda, S; Sugawara, Y; Takano-Yamamoto, T; Tamamura, N, 2007)
"An open bite is commonly one of the main symptoms of an overall dentofacial deformity."	( Kocsis, A; Seres, L, 2009)
"Open bite is not a homogeneous group."	( Dannhauer, KH; Hierl, T; Krey, KF, 2015)

Excerpt	Reference
"The treatment of anterior open bite with skeletal anchorage provided intrusion of molars and counterclockwise rotation of the mandible, resulting in open bite closure."	( Gonçalves, JR; Nakao, CY; Oliveira, TF; Santos-Pinto, A, 2015)
"Severe skeletal open bites may be ideally treated with a combined surgical-orthodontic approach."	( Aliaga-Del Castillo, A; Cruz-Escalante, MA; Janson, G; Soldevilla, L; Yatabe, M; Zuazola, RV, 2017)
"Severe skeletal open bite associated with posterior vertical maxillary excess and mandibular deformity is considered a difficult problem in orthodontic and surgical treatment."	( Bai, D; Chen, G; Du, W; Fei, W; Luo, E; Xue, C, 2019)
"A 26-year-old man with an anterior open bite was treated with orthodontics combined with 2-jaw surgery."	( Gardiner, C; Grubb, J; Papademetriou, M; Park, JH, 2019)
"During treatment of anterior open bite, incisor extrusion may compromise facial esthetics in cases with long facial height and/or sufficient incisor exposure at rest and smile."	( Asiry, MA, 2018)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	3 (2.24)	23.3326
1990's	1 (0.75)	12.5806
2000's	51 (38.06)	18.1394
2010's	78 (58.21)	28.8240
2020's	1 (0.75)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
lactic acid	low	2	0
nickel	low	8	0
ciprofloxacin	low	1	0
ofloxacin	low	1	0
prednisolone	low	1	0
thyroxine	low	1	0
methionine	low	1	0
threonine	low	1	0
isoprene	low	9	0
triethylene glycol dimethacrylate	low	1	0
durapatite	low	3	0
bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate	low	1	0
trimetazidine	medium	1	1
titanium	medium	26	2
zirconium	low	1	0
barium sulfate	low	1	0
calcium sulfate	low	1	0
trolamine salicylate	low	5	0
cephalexin	low	1	0
cefazolin	low	1	0
substance p	low	1	0
propiconazole	low	13	0
c & b metabond	low	1	0
beta-lactams	low	1	0
ertapenem	low	1	0
fibrin	low	1	0
inositol 3-phosphate	medium	30	2
clindamycin	low	1	0
nitinol	low	1	0
dinoprostone	low	1	0
leukotriene b4	low	1	0
phenylephrine hydrochloride	medium	13	1
deamino arginine vasopressin	low	1	0
phosphocreatine	low	1	0
aluminum oxide	low	1	0
jaw	low	6	0
neuropeptide y	low	1	0
vendex	low	8	0
tetracycline	low	1	0
transforming growth factor beta	low	1	0
feldspar	low	1	0
exudates	low	1	0

Protein Targets (354)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	2	0	0	2
glp-1 receptor, partial	3	0	0	3
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	2	0	0	2
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	8	0	0	8
SMAD family member 2	3	0	0	3
ATAD5 protein, partial	3	0	0	3
SMAD family member 3	3	0	0	3
TDP1 protein	10	0	0	10
GLI family zinc finger 3	6	0	0	6
TSHR protein	1	0	0	1
AR protein	7	0	0	7
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	3	0	0	3
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	4	0	0	4
progesterone receptor	4	0	0	4
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	9	0	0	9
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	8	0	0	8
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	4	0	0	4
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	8	0	0	8
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	3	0	0	3
pregnane X nuclear receptor	4	0	0	4
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	9	0	0	9
67.9K protein	1	0	0	1
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	3	0	0	3
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	5	0	0	5
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	2	0	0	2
IDH1	2	0	0	2
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	5	0	0	5
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	5	0	0	5
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	4	0	0	4
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	1	0	0	1
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	4	0	0	4
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	2	0	0	2
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	4	0	0	4
heat shock protein beta-1	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	2	0	0	2
geminin	4	0	0	4
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	3	0	0	3
Cellular tumor antigen p53	6	0	0	6
Glutamate receptor 2	3	0	0	3
Alpha-synuclein	1	1	0	2
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	3	0	0	3
Ataxin-2	3	0	0	3
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	2	0	0	2
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A	1	0	0	1
Luciferase	1	0	0	1
thioredoxin reductase	5	0	0	5
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	4	0	0	4
Smad3	2	0	0	2
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 2D6	2	0	0	2
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	6	0	0	6
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	7	0	0	7
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	2	0	0	2
lamin isoform A-delta10	4	0	0	4
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	4	0	6
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	3	0	3
Solute carrier family 15 member 1	0	3	0	3
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	1	0	3
Solute carrier family 22 member 11	0	1	0	3
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	2	0	2
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	1	0	0	1
Microtubule-associated protein tau	1	0	0	1
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	5	0	0	5
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B	1	0	0	1
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	5	0	0	5
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	4	0	0	4
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	2	0	0	2
Interferon beta	3	0	0	3
Solute carrier family 15 member 1	0	1	0	1
B2 metallo-beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 15 member 2	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 15 member 2	0	1	0	2
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	3	0	0	3
Chain A, HADH2 protein	2	0	0	2
Chain B, HADH2 protein	2	0	0	2
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	3	0	0	3
Chain A, Cruzipain	2	0	0	2
EWS/FLI fusion protein	4	0	0	4
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor	1	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	0	2	0	2
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	4	0	4
Bile salt export pump	0	5	0	5
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	1	0	1
DNA gyrase subunit B	0	1	0	1
DNA gyrase subunit A	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 3A4	0	2	1	3
DNA gyrase subunit B	0	1	0	2
DNA gyrase subunit A	0	2	0	5
DNA gyrase subunit B	0	2	0	5
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A	0	1	0	1
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B	0	1	0	2
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A	0	1	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2D6	0	1	0	1
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha	0	1	0	4
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	2	0	2
DNA gyrase subunit A	0	1	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2C19	0	1	0	1
Multidrug resistance protein MdtK	0	0	1	1
Histamine H2 receptor	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	0	2	0	2
DNA gyrase subunit B	0	2	0	3
DNA gyrase subunit A	0	2	0	3
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]	0	0	0	1
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	0	3	0	4
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A	0	1	0	1
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B	0	1	0	1
Integrase	0	2	0	2
GABA theta subunit	0	2	0	2
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	4	0	4
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	0	2	0	2
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4	0	2	0	2
Vasopressin V2 receptor	0	1	1	2
Oxytocin receptor	0	0	1	1
Vasopressin V1a receptor	0	1	1	2
Vasopressin V1b receptor	0	1	1	2
Translocator protein	0	1	0	1
Vasopressin V2 receptor	0	1	1	2
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	2	0	0	2
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	1	0	0	1
activating transcription factor 6	2	0	0	2
prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	1	0	0	1
peripheral myelin protein 22	2	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A5	0	0	0	2
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	0	2	1	3
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	0	2	1	3
Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor	0	0	1	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype	0	1	1	2
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype	0	2	1	3
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	0	2	1	3
Prostacyclin receptor	0	2	1	3
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	0	0	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype	0	1	1	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B2	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	0	0	0	2
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-19	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Metallo-b-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2	0	0	0	1
interleukin 8	1	0	0	1
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	2	0	0	2
Integrin beta-3	2	0	0	2
Integrin alpha-IIb	2	0	0	2
Chymotrypsinogen A	0	1	0	1
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	1	0	0	1
acetylcholinesterase	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	3	0	0	3
Leukotriene B4 receptor 1	0	2	0	2
Leukotriene B4 receptor 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Methionyl-tRNA synthetase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Methionyl-tRNA synthetase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Aminopeptidase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Methionine aminopeptidase	0	1	0	1
S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase	0	1	0	1
Adenylate cyclase type 5	0	0	0	1
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-1	0	0	0	1
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-2	0	0	0	1
Fatty acid synthase	0	1	0	1
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	0	1	0	1
Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1	0	2	0	2
Neuropeptide Y receptor type 2	0	2	0	2
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	3	0	0	3
arylsulfatase A	1	0	0	1
STE24	0	0	0	1
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	2	0	0	2
flap endonuclease 1	1	0	0	1
CAAX prenyl protease	0	0	0	1
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	1	0	0	1
streptokinase A precursor	0	0	1	1
Trypsin	0	0	0	1
Albumin	0	0	1	1
GALC protein	1	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	1	0	0	1
beta-2 adrenergic receptor	1	0	0	1
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	1	0	0	1
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein	1	0	0	1
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-1	0	0	1	1
chromobox protein homolog 1	2	0	0	2
Vpr	1	0	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	0	1	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	1	0	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	1	0	0	1
Spike glycoprotein	1	0	0	1
luciferase	0	0	0	1
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	1	0	0	1
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor	0	2	0	2
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	2	1	8
Progesterone receptor	0	2	0	3
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	1	1	2
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	0	1	1
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	2	0	2
Corticosteroid-binding globulin	0	1	0	1
Mineralocorticoid receptor	0	2	1	3
Androgen receptor	0	2	0	2
Glutamine synthetase	0	0	1	1
Androgen receptor	0	1	0	1
Glycine receptor subunit beta	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	2	0	2
Histamine H1 receptor	0	0	1	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	1
Nociceptin receptor	0	0	1	1
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	2	0	2
pregnane X receptor	1	0	0	1
nonstructural protein 1	1	0	0	1
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)	1	0	0	1
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	2	0	0	2
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 2	0	1	0	2
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	1	0	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	1	0	0	1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	1	0	0	1
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	2	0	0	2
heat shock protein 90, putative	0	0	0	1
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	3	0	0	3
Substance-P receptor	0	2	0	2
Neuromedin-K receptor	0	0	1	1
Substance-K receptor	0	1	1	2
Substance-K receptor	0	2	0	2
Substance-P receptor	0	2	1	3
Neuromedin-K receptor	0	1	1	2
Substance-P receptor	0	1	0	1
Substance-K receptor	0	1	0	1
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	0	1	1
Substance-K receptor	0	1	0	1
Growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1	0	0	1	1
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X2	0	0	1	1
90-kda heat shock protein beta HSP90 beta, partial	0	1	0	1
Histone H2A.x	1	0	0	1
estrogen receptor beta isoform 1	0	1	0	1
tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 7 isoform 2	0	1	0	1
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase	0	0	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S6	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S7	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L15	0	1	0	1
Tetracycline resistance protein, class B	0	0	0	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	1	0	1
72 kDa type IV collagenase	0	1	0	1
Stromelysin-1	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L10	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L11	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L7/L12	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L19	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L1	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L20	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L27	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L28	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L29	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L31	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L31 type B	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L32	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L33	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L34	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L35	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L36	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S10	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S11	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S12	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S13	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S16	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S18	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S19	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S20	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S2	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S3	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S4	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S5	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S8	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S9	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L13	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L14	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L16	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L23	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S15	0	1	0	1
Multidrug transporter MdfA	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L17	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L21	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L30	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L6	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S14	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S17	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S1	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L18	0	1	0	1
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Neutrophil collagenase	0	1	0	1
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Collagenase 3	0	1	0	1
Cannabinoid receptor 1	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L2	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L3	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L24	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L4	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L22	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L5	0	1	0	1
30S ribosomal protein S21	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L25	0	1	0	1
50S ribosomal protein L36 2	0	1	0	1
P2Y purinoceptor 12	0	1	0	1
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	0	0	1	1
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	0	0	1	1
USP1 protein, partial	1	0	0	1
G	1	0	0	1
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1	1	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A4	0	0	0	1
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	1	1
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	1	0	0	1
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	1	0	0	1
Transthyretin	0	1	0	2
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha	0	0	1	1
Thyroid hormone receptor beta	0	0	1	1
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen	0	1	0	1
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha	0	0	2	2
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1	0	1	0	1
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	0	0	2	2
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1	0	1	0	1
Monocarboxylate transporter 8	0	0	0	1
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	1	0	0	1
Bile acid receptor	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	0	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	1	0	0	1
thioredoxin glutathione reductase	1	0	0	1
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform	0	1	0	1
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform	0	1	0	1
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(4)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Treatment

Research

Studies (134)

Protein Targets (354)

Apertognathia

Synonyms(4)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Treatment

Research

Studies (134)

Drugs Studied (48)

Protein Targets (354)