disordered domain specific binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a disordered domain of a protein. [GOC:gg, PMID:11746698]

Disordered domains are protein regions lacking a defined three-dimensional structure in their unbound state. These regions are highly flexible and dynamic, often characterized by a high content of intrinsically disordered amino acids. Their flexibility enables them to adopt different conformations upon binding to their targets. Disordered domain specific binding refers to the interaction of these domains with specific target molecules, often other proteins, nucleic acids, or small molecules. This binding process is characterized by a number of key features:

1. **Specificity:** Disordered domains often exhibit high specificity for their targets, despite their lack of a rigid structure. This specificity arises from the ability of the disordered domain to adapt its conformation to fit the target molecule's binding site.
2. **Dynamic Recognition:** The binding process often involves a dynamic interplay between the disordered domain and its target. This can include conformational changes in both the disordered domain and the target, as well as changes in their relative orientation.
3. **Weak Binding Affinity:** Disordered domains typically bind their targets with lower affinity compared to structured domains. This lower affinity is compensated by their high flexibility and ability to adapt to different targets.
4. **Multivalency:** Disordered domains can often bind multiple targets simultaneously. This multivalency allows for the formation of complex protein-protein interaction networks.

The molecular functions of disordered domains specific binding are diverse and depend on the specific domain and target involved. However, some common functions include:

- **Signal Transduction:** Disordered domains play crucial roles in signal transduction pathways by mediating interactions between proteins involved in cellular signaling.
- **Regulation of Gene Expression:** Disordered domains are involved in the regulation of gene expression by binding to transcription factors, DNA, and other regulatory proteins.
- **Protein-Protein Interactions:** Disordered domains are essential for mediating a wide range of protein-protein interactions, including those involved in cell adhesion, immune responses, and cellular growth.
- **Molecular Chaperoning:** Some disordered domains act as molecular chaperones, preventing aggregation and promoting proper protein folding.

In summary, disordered domain specific binding is a complex and dynamic process that plays crucial roles in a variety of cellular functions. The flexibility and adaptability of disordered domains allow them to interact with a wide range of target molecules, contributing to the intricate network of protein interactions that governs cellular processes.'
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Proteins (19)

Compounds (2,218)