sorbinil profile

sorbinil: aldose reductase inhibitor [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

sorbinil : An azaspiro compound having a monofluoro-substituted chromane skeleton spiro-linked to an imidazolidinedione ring. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	337359
CHEMBL ID	266497
CHEBI ID	102029
SCHEMBL ID	48877
MeSH ID	M0086766

Synonym
cp-45634
(4s)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-2'h,5'h-spiro[chromene-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2',5'-dione
nsc355082
sorbinil
nsc-355082
mls003171137 ,
D05893
sorbinil (usan/inn)
68367-52-2
SBI ,
(4s)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrospiro[1-benzopyran-4,4''-imidazolidine]-2'',5''-dione
NCGC00159452-02
bdbm16312
DB02712
chembl266497 ,
sorbinilum
CHEBI:102029 ,
sorbinilo
(s)-6-fluorospiro(chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine)-2',5'-dione
AKOS000280386
(4s)-6-fluorospiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazolidine]-2',4'-dione
cp-45,634
cp 45634
HMS3260F11
g4186b906p ,
unii-g4186b906p
cp 45,634
spiro(4h-1-benzopyran-4,4'-imidazolidine)-2',5'-dione, 6-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-, (s)-
nsc 355082
sorbinilum [latin]
sorbinilo [spanish]
sorbinil [usan:inn:ban]
tox21_111679
dtxsid0023587 ,
cas-68367-52-2
dtxcid503587
sorbinil [inn]
sorbinil [usan]
sorbinil [who-dd]
sorbinil [mi]
sorbinil [mart.]
gtpl7415
(4s)-6-fluorospiro[chroman-4,5'-imidazolidine]-2',4'-dione
CCG-221489
SCHEMBL48877
tox21_111679_1
NCGC00159452-03
NCGC00260870-01
tox21_500185
cp45634
(s)(+)-6-fluoro-spiro-[chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2',5'-dione
LXANPKRCLVQAOG-NSHDSACASA-N
(+)-(4s)-6-fluorospiro[chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2',5'-dione
.beta.-l-gulopyranose, 1,6-anhydro-2,3-o-(phenylmethylene)-, (s)-
sorbinil, >=98% (hplc)
spiro[4h-1-benzopyran-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2',5'-dione,6-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-,(4s)-
HY-50289
(s)-6-fluorospiro[chromane-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2',5'-dione
112420-09-4
Q1259458
NCGC00159452-05
CS-0002274
MS-23366
(4s)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrospiro[1-benzopyran-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2',5'-dione
STARBLD0009657

Excerpt	Reference
"Sorbinil is an effective ARI, which could play therapeutic role in treating diabetes and diabetic complications. "	( Huang, Q; Liu, Q; Ouyang, D, 2019)
"Sorbinil is a hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitor that has shown promise as therapy for patients with diabetic complications such as neuropathy and retinopathy. "	( Cannon, M; Gunderson, K; Hutson, NJ; Shear, NH; Spielberg, SP, 1991)
"Sorbinil is a potent inhibitor of aldose reductase (the first enzyme in the polyol pathway) and has been shown to normalize sorbitol levels in relevant tissues (eg, nerve, kidney, lens) of experimentally-induced diabetic animals."	( Aldinger, CE; Just, LJ; Malone, JI; Page, MG; Peterson, MJ, 1986)

Excerpt	Reference
"Sorbinil has no significant effect on the above metabolites in the normal rat lens."	( Gonzalez, AM; McLean, P; Sochor, M, 1983)

Excerpt	Reference
"Sorbinil treatment also induced functional recovery in myocardial fractional shortening in vivo and preserved contractile function of isolated perfused hearts."	( Bhatnagar, A; DiMaio, JM; Horton, JW; Ramana, KV; Srivastava, D; Srivastava, SK; White, MD; Willis, MS, 2006)
"Sorbinil treatment (40 mg/kg) decreased the lens content of sorbitol to 0.60 +/- 0.06, fructose to 0.85 +/- 0.08, and glycerol 3-phosphate to 0.36 +/- 0.03 mumol/g; glucose 6-phosphate remained unchanged."	( Gonzalez, AM; McLean, P; Sochor, M, 1983)
"Sorbinil treatment at 20 mg ."	( Gillon, KR; Hawthorne, JN; Tomlinson, DR, 1983)
"Sorbinil treatment reduced the elevated sorbitol levels in the diabetic patients to normal or slightly below normal, but did not affect the erythrocyte myo-inositol concentration."	( Lomecky-Janousek, MZ; Popp-Snijders, C; Schouten, JA; van der Veen, EA, 1984)
"Sorbinil treatment for 4 wk reduced sciatic nerve sorbitol concentration and improved motor nerve conduction velocity in diabetes of 2-9 mo duration."	( Hanwell, MA; Satchell, PM; Turtle, JR; Yue, DK, 1982)
"Sorbinil treatment was associated with normalized sciatic nerve sorbitol and myo-inositol; ALC treatment did not reduce the elevated sorbitol levels, but sciatic nerve myo-inositol content was no different from nondiabetic levels."	( Benford, S; Korthals, J; Lowitt, S; Malone, JI; Salem, AF, 1995)
"Ten sorbinil-treated patients showed significant improvement in axo-glial dysjunction, a characteristic lesion of the node of Ranvier."	( Bril, V; Greene, DA; Nathaniel, V; Prashar, A; Sima, AA; Werb, MR, 1993)
"Sorbinil treatment did, however, alter responses of control left and right atria in a manner similar to diabetes."	( Chess-Williams, R; Sellers, DJ, 2000)
"Sorbinil treatment essentially corrected diabetes-induced sorbitol and fructose accumulation, myo-inositol depletion, decrease in free cytosolic NAD+:NADH ratio and energy deficiency."	( Fathallah, L; Obrosova, IG, 2000)
"4. Sorbinil treatment of diabetic animals failed to prevent any of these diabetes-induced alterations in aortic function, and indeed exacerbated some of these alterations."	( Chess-Williams, R; Sellers, DJ, 2000)
"Sorbinil treatment completely prevented renal cortical sorbital accumulation, but did not abolish kidney enlargement or the increase in ultrafiltration pressure and glomerular filtration rate."	( Aperia, A; Celsi, G; Eklöf, AC; Körner, A; Linné, T; Persson, B, 1992)
"Sorbinil treatment was continued throughout the hyper- and hyponatremic periods."	( Futterweit, S; Hammer, E; Oates, P; Siegel, TW; Trachtman, H, 1991)
"Sorbinil treatment markedly reduced or completely prevented all of these changes in galactose-fed, as well as in diabetic rats."	( Chang, K; Kilo, C; Province, MA; Pugliese, G; Speedy, A; Tilton, RG; Williamson, JR, 1990)
"Sorbinil treatment completely abolished the formation of this protein."	( Monnier, VM; Nagaraj, RH, 1990)
"Sorbinil treatment of diabetic animals was associated with normalization of both lens sorbitol and taurine levels."	( Cook, WR; Lowitt, S; Malone, JI, 1990)
"Sorbinil treatment prevented approximately 70% of the increase in total protein excretion despite persistent hyperglycemia, glycosuria and ketonuria."	( Beyer-Mears, A; Cruz, E; Edelist, T; Varagiannis, E, 1986)
"Sorbinil treatment prevented the 10-fold increase in nerve sorbitol found with diabetes."	( Cameron, NE; Leonard, MB; Ross, IS; Whiting, PH, 1986)
"Sorbinil treatment failed to improve even slightly the abnormalities in cellular replication induced by high glucose."	( Boss, GR; Lane, MJ; Lorenzi, M; Montisano, DF; Toledo, S, 1987)
"Sorbinil treatment, initiated after 8 weeks of diabetes, and without effect on sciatic nerve glucose levels, normalized sorbitol concentrations following 4, 8, or 12 weeks of treatment but only partially reversed the accumulation of fructose by 368, 161 and 199%, compared to age-matched non-diabetic control values, at the above times, respectively."	( Ross, IS; Whiting, PH, 1988)
"Treatment with sorbinil blunted the activation of protein kinase C, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and p38, as well as phosphorylation of interleukin receptor-associated kinase, IkappaB-alpha, IkappaB kinase complex-alpha/beta, and phospholipase-gamma1 and -beta1."	( Bhatnagar, A; DiMaio, JM; Horton, JW; Ramana, KV; Srivastava, D; Srivastava, SK; White, MD; Willis, MS, 2006)
"Treatment with Sorbinil (25 mg/kg/day, p.o.) throughout the period of diabetes prevented the development of all these abnormalities in both 3- and 6-wk diabetic groups."	( Mayer, JH; Moriarty, RJ; Tomlinson, DR, 1984)
"ARI treatment with sorbinil failed to prevent all but one of these changes, and in addition altered responses of atria from control rats, having a similar effect to that produced by diabetes."	( Chess-Williams, R; Sellers, DJ, 2000)
"Treatment with sorbinil was associated with normalization of the tissue sorbitol (0.10 +/- 0.05 nm/mg ww), while ALC treatment also significantly reduced the nerve sorbitol but only to a level (0.34 +/- 0.08 nm/mg ww) more elevated than the normal level."	( Corsico, N; Lowitt, S; Malone, JI; Orfalian, Z, 1992)
"3. Treatment with sorbinil for 30 days after induction of diabetes did not influence the increased fluorescence observed in collagen from glomerular basement membrane of untreated diabetic rats."	( Cohen, MP; Klepser, H; Wu, VY, 1991)

Role	Description
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor	An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21).
antioxidant	A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
chromanes
oxaspiro compound	A spiro compound in which at least one of the cyclic components is an oxygen heterocyle.
azaspiro compound	An azaspiro compound is a spiro compound in which at least one of the cyclic components is a nitrogen heterocyle.
organofluorine compound	An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond.
imidazolidinone	An imidazolidine containing one or more oxo groups.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	33.4915	0.0060	38.0041	19,952.5996	AID1159521
Microtubule-associated protein tau	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.9125	0.1800	13.5574	39.8107	AID1468
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	29.7629	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID743042; AID743054; AID743063
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	Trypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927	Potency	35.4813	0.0601	10.7453	37.9330	AID492961
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	5.0500	0.0010	1.9445	9.6000	AID1802103; AID489631
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.8698	0.0004	1.8773	10.0000	AID1142509; AID1335654; AID1478797; AID1478798; AID1589443; AID241371; AID34795; AID34798; AID34799; AID34803; AID34804; AID34805; AID34814; AID34962; AID34964; AID34965; AID34969; AID34970; AID34973; AID34974; AID34975; AID381848; AID462440; AID95257
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.5000	0.0001	0.6664	10.0000	AID34638
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	5.1333	0.0050	2.7856	9.9000	AID242590; AID34177; AID489639
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	121.2289	0.0010	1.1913	10.0000	AID1589441; AID159818; AID159820; AID1646335; AID1646336; AID1700253; AID1713572; AID1797505; AID1802103; AID220720; AID241413; AID255041; AID309933; AID322413; AID34201; AID34634; AID34637; AID34638; AID34641; AID34646; AID34648; AID34650; AID34653; AID34654; AID34655; AID34782; AID34783; AID462442; AID477037; AID489638
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	3.0400	0.0002	1.8742	10.0000	AID35134
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)	IC50 (µMol)	1.7292	0.0070	2.5892	10.0000	AID1143289; AID299415; AID34210; AID34211; AID34505; AID34506; AID35132; AID35134; AID35135; AID35136; AID488380; AID549694
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Sus scrofa (pig)	IC50 (µMol)	2.9500	0.0005	1.6680	4.0000	AID242609; AID34178
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.8845	0.0280	1.1378	2.3200	AID34196; AID34198
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Sus scrofa (pig)	IC50 (µMol)	1.1000	0.0150	0.6135	2.5000	AID241043
Mu-type opioid receptor	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	IC50 (µMol)	1.1000	0.0002	0.6603	10.0000	AID241043
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
retinoid metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
farnesol catabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
daunorubicin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
doxorubicin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification of aldehyde	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
behavioral fear response	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin receptor signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of serotonin secretion	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
exploration behavior	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine metabolic process	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin metabolic process	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hormone secretion	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of behavior	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronate catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
D-glucuronate catabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
daunorubicin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
doxorubicin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
aldehyde catabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification of aldehyde	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione derivative biosynthetic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoid metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell maturation	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
renal water homeostasis	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of urine volume	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
daunorubicin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
doxorubicin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
fructose biosynthetic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular hyperosmotic salinity response	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric collecting duct development	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoid metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
prostaglandin metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
retinol metabolic process	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
retinal dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
aldo-keto reductase (NADPH) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
geranylgeranyl reductase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
indanol dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
aldose reductase (NADPH) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-receptor interaction	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
aldo-keto reductase (NADPH) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
L-glucuronate reductase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronolactone reductase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
glycerol dehydrogenase [NADP+] activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (NADH) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (NADPH) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH) (acetol producing) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
aldose reductase (NADPH) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
retinal dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
aldose reductase (NADPH) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
glyceraldehyde oxidoreductase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
L-glucuronate reductase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
glycerol dehydrogenase [NADP+] activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
retinal dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
glycerol dehydrogenase [NADP+] activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Bos taurus (cattle)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular region	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
lysosome	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (212)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID182013	Compound was evaluated in vivo for the inhibition of sorbitol accumulation administered orally at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg.	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1	Novel, potent aldose reductase inhibitors: 3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-benzothiazolyl] methyl]-1-phthalazineacetic acid (zopolrestat) and congeners.
AID34506	Inhibitory activity against bovine lens aldose reductase	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Synthesis, absolute configuration, and conformation of the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil.
AID34804	In vitro inhibitory activity against aldose reductase (ALR2) from rat lens extraction.	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 46, Issue:8	Novel, highly potent aldose reductase inhibitors: cyano(2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives.
AID489641	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human ALR to IC50 for AKR1B10	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7	Chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives discovered from virtual screening as potent inhibitors of the tumour maker, AKR1B10.
AID1589440	Inhibition of human recombinant ALR2 expressed in Escherichia coli using DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate and NADPH at 50 uM preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins at 2 mins interval by spectrophotometry relative t	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168	Synthesis of new arylsulfonylspiroimidazolidine-2',4'-diones and study of their effect on stimulation of insulin release from MIN6 cell line, inhibition of human aldose reductase, sorbitol accumulations in various tissues and oxidative stress.
AID34788	In vitro inhibition of rabbit lens aldose reductase at 10e-5 M.	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11	Antiinflammatory and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some tricyclic arylacetic acids.
AID34799	Compound was tested for its ability to inhibit crude aldose reductase obtained from rat lens	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Design and synthesis of 2-(arylamino)-4(3H)-quinazolinones as novel inhibitors of rat lens aldose reductase.
AID34653	Inhibitory activity against human placental aldose reductase in Sepharose 4B column at day 7	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Aldose reductase inhibitors: a potential new class of agents for the pharmacological control of certain diabetic complications.
AID184947	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the lens of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 0.15 mg/Kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID34970	Inhibitory concentration against aldose reductase obtained from rat lens	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 32, Issue:1	N- and 2-substituted N-(phenylsulfonyl)glycines as inhibitors of rat lens aldose reductase.
AID241413	Inhibitory concentration against human ALR2	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 48, Issue:17	Structure of aldehyde reductase holoenzyme in complex with the potent aldose reductase inhibitor fidarestat: implications for inhibitor binding and selectivity.
AID230202	Inhibitory Activity ratio (IC50 ratio) calculated by Human recombinant aldose reductase wild type against Mutant Aldose reductase (W111A)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 43, Issue:6	Molecular modeling of the aldose reductase-inhibitor complex based on the X-ray crystal structure and studies with single-site-directed mutants.
AID233810	The ratio of the inhibitory concentration causing a 50% reduction of sorbitol in the isolated nerve to the IC50 in the isolated enzyme	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID232928	Selectivity as ratio of IC50 for rat lens and kidney aldose reductase	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 34, Issue:11	Spiro[fluoreneisothiazolidin]one dioxides: new aldose reductase and L-hexonate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID220720	In vitro inhibitory activity against human recombinant Aldose reductase in streptozotocin diabetic rat at 50 mg/kg	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-05, Volume: 46, Issue:12	A highly selective, non-hydantoin, non-carboxylic acid inhibitor of aldose reductase with potent oral activity in diabetic rat models: 6-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzofuran- 2-sulfonyl)-2-H-pyridazin-3-one.
AID241371	Inhibitory concentration against rat ALR2 aldose reductase	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 48, Issue:17	Structure of aldehyde reductase holoenzyme in complex with the potent aldose reductase inhibitor fidarestat: implications for inhibitor binding and selectivity.
AID1315347	In vivo inhibition of aldose reductase in wild type mouse assessed as reduction in vacuolization at 80 mg/kg, po for 16 days by hematoxylin/eosin staining	2016	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 79, Issue:5	Characterization of Emodin as a Therapeutic Agent for Diabetic Cataract.
AID1478797	Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat lens ALR2 using D,L-glyceraldehyde as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 5 mins by spectrophotometric method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12	N-(Aroyl)-N-(arylmethyloxy)-α-alanines: Selective inhibitors of aldose reductase.
AID381848	Inhibition of aldose reductase in rat lenses	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7	Design and synthesis of N-(3,5-difluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamides as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID1589441	Inhibition of human recombinant ALR2 expressed in Escherichia coli using DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate and NADPH preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins at 2 mins interval by spectrophotometry relative to control	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168	Synthesis of new arylsulfonylspiroimidazolidine-2',4'-diones and study of their effect on stimulation of insulin release from MIN6 cell line, inhibition of human aldose reductase, sorbitol accumulations in various tissues and oxidative stress.
AID1066260	Inhibition of AKR1B1 in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of sorbitol accumulation after 24 hrs by colorimetric assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-09, Volume: 57, Issue:1	Design of an amide N-glycoside derivative of β-glucogallin: a stable, potent, and specific inhibitor of aldose reductase.
AID177265	Compound was evaluated for the ED50(chronic) in male Sprague-Dawley rats(n=4) treated with streptozotocin (85 mg/kg intravenously).	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1	Novel, potent aldose reductase inhibitors: 3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-benzothiazolyl] methyl]-1-phthalazineacetic acid (zopolrestat) and congeners.
AID182014	Compound was evaluated in vivo for the inhibition of sorbitol accumulation administered orally at a dose of 0.75 mg/kg.	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1	Novel, potent aldose reductase inhibitors: 3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-benzothiazolyl] methyl]-1-phthalazineacetic acid (zopolrestat) and congeners.
AID322411	Inhibition of mouse recombinant AKR1C21 at 50 uM	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 16, Issue:6	Inhibition of 3(17)alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C21) by aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID1315351	In vivo inhibition of aldose reductase in transgenic PAR37 mouse expressing human aldose reductase assessed as vacuolization at 80 mg/kg, po for 16 days by hematoxylin/eosin staining (Rvb = 18%)	2016	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 79, Issue:5	Characterization of Emodin as a Therapeutic Agent for Diabetic Cataract.
AID203729	Inhibition of sorbitol dehydrogenase from sheep liver (40 U/mg of protein)	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-25, Volume: 39, Issue:22	Synthesis, activity, and molecular modeling of a new series of tricyclic pyridazinones as selective aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34354	In vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity measured by NADPH-dependent inhibition of glyceraldehyde reduction in a partially purified bovine lens preparation at 10E-6 M	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 35, Issue:24	Novel spirosuccinimides with incorporated isoindolone and benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide moieties as aldose reductase inhibitors and antihyperglycemic agents.
AID184331	In vivo galactitol inhibitory activity measured by its ability to inhibit galactitol accumulation in diaphragm at 4 mg/Kg/day	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 35, Issue:24	Novel spirosuccinimides with incorporated isoindolone and benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide moieties as aldose reductase inhibitors and antihyperglycemic agents.
AID75435	Evaluated for inhibition of glutathione reductase.; No inhibition	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-25, Volume: 39, Issue:22	Synthesis, activity, and molecular modeling of a new series of tricyclic pyridazinones as selective aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID379162	Inhibition of human recombinant ALR2	2006	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 69, Issue:10	Phenolic marine natural products as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID182432	In vivo inhibition of galactitol accumulation in the sciatic nerves of rat at a dose of 4 mg/kg/day	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Orally active aldose reductase inhibitors derived from bioisosteric substitutions on tolrestat.
AID184961	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the nerve of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 0.75 mg/kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID34798	Compound was tested for inhibitory concentration against rat lens aldose reductase (uncompetitive inhibition type)	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 29, Issue:6	Synthesis and rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some benzopyran-2-ones.
AID309933	Inhibition of aldose reductase	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Validation of an automated procedure for the prediction of relative free energies of binding on a set of aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34964	Inhibitory activity measured against rat lens aldose reductase using 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde as substrate	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	A highly specific aldose reductase inhibitor, ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate, and its congeners.
AID468476	Inhibition of Albino rat eye lens ALR2 assessed as NADPH oxidation by spectrophotometry	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis and biological evaluation of [1,2,4]triazino[4,3-a] benzimidazole acetic acid derivatives as selective aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34637	In vitro inhibitory activity against recombinant human aldose reductase (ALR2) was determined	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-20, Volume: 46, Issue:24	Synthesis, activity, and molecular modeling studies of novel human aldose reductase inhibitors based on a marine natural product.
AID549694	Inhibition of bovine lens aldose reductase assessed as inhibition of NDAPH oxidation by non-linear regression analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 21, Issue:1	In vitro evaluation of 5-arylidene-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinones active as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID35109	In vitro inhibitory activity against aldose reductase of rat lens at 2.5x10E-7 M concentration	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-30, Volume: 46, Issue:3	Substituted pyrrol-1-ylacetic acids that combine aldose reductase enzyme inhibitory activity and ability to prevent the nonenzymatic irreversible modification of proteins from monosaccharides.
AID537153	Inhibition of rat lens ALR2	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	A diverse series of substituted benzenesulfonamides as aldose reductase inhibitors with antioxidant activity: design, synthesis, and in vitro activity.
AID489639	Inhibition of N-terminal 6His-tagged human aldehyde reductase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) mediated D-glucuronate reduction	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7	Chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives discovered from virtual screening as potent inhibitors of the tumour maker, AKR1B10.
AID34355	In vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity measured by NADPH-dependent inhibition of glyceraldehyde reduction in a partially purified bovine lens preparation at 10E-7 M	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 35, Issue:24	Novel spirosuccinimides with incorporated isoindolone and benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide moieties as aldose reductase inhibitors and antihyperglycemic agents.
AID34654	Inhibitory activity against human placental aldose reductase in Sepharose 4B column at time 1	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Aldose reductase inhibitors: a potential new class of agents for the pharmacological control of certain diabetic complications.
AID1700253	Inhibition of ALR2 (unknown origin)	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-15, Volume: 30, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological screening of thiosemicarbazones of substituted 3-acetylcoumarins having d-glucose moiety.
AID177556	Ability to cause 50% reduction in sorbitol levels of sciatic nerve of streptozotocinized rats was determined	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34965	Inhibitory activity against aldose reductase in rat lens	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Relative structure-inhibition analyses of the N-benzoyl and N-(phenylsulfonyl) amino acid aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34655	Tested for in vitro inhibition activity against human Aldose reductase (human AR)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	A potent aldose reductase inhibitor, (2S,4S)-6-fluoro-2', 5'-dioxospiro[chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2-carboxamide (Fidarestat): its absolute configuration and interactions with the aldose reductase by X-ray crystallography.
AID1589444	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for rat kidney ALR1 IC50 to IC50 for human recombinant ALR2	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168	Synthesis of new arylsulfonylspiroimidazolidine-2',4'-diones and study of their effect on stimulation of insulin release from MIN6 cell line, inhibition of human aldose reductase, sorbitol accumulations in various tissues and oxidative stress.
AID35113	In vitro percentage inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase at 10E-6 M concentration	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	[1-(3,5-difluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]phenylmethanone as a bioisostere of a carboxylic acid aldose reductase inhibitor.
AID184964	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the nerve of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 2.5 mg/Kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID322413	Inhibition of human recombinant aldose reductase	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 16, Issue:6	Inhibition of 3(17)alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C21) by aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID35133	Compound was tested for Ratio of IC50(ALR1)/(ALR2)	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 42, Issue:11	1-Benzopyran-4-one antioxidants as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID462440	Inhibition of aldose reductase in Fischer-344 rat lens homogenate by spectrometric analysis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of novel series of pyrrole based chemotypes and their evaluation as selective aldose reductase inhibitors. A case of bioisosterism between a carboxylic acid moiety and that of a tetrazole.
AID178946	Effective dose required to inhibit sorbitol accumulation in sciatic nerves of streptozotocinized rats administered perorally	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Synthesis, absolute configuration, and conformation of the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil.
AID34641	Inhibitory activity against human placenta aldose reductase	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Synthesis, absolute configuration, and conformation of the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil.
AID34786	In vitro inhibition of rabbit lens aldose reductase at 10e-4 M.	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11	Antiinflammatory and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some tricyclic arylacetic acids.
AID75439	In vitro inhibitory activity against glutathione reductase (GR) from bakers yeast; Not active	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 46, Issue:8	Novel, highly potent aldose reductase inhibitors: cyano(2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives.
AID34475	Inhibition of aldose reductase in partially purified bovine lens preparation at 10e-6 M.	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Orally active aldose reductase inhibitors derived from bioisosteric substitutions on tolrestat.
AID184953	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the lens of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 1.5 mg/Kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID26108	pKa value for the compound was determined	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Isoxazolidine-3,5-diones as lens aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID159818	Inhibition of human placental aldose reductase (HPAR) activity with glyceraldehyde as substrate	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Rotationally restricted mimics of rigid molecules: nonspirocyclic hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID1124833	Inhibition of Fischer-344 rat lens ALR2 using D, L-glyceraldehyde as substrate by spectrophotometry	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 22, Issue:7	Decreasing acidity in a series of aldose reductase inhibitors: 2-Fluoro-4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenol as a scaffold for improved membrane permeation.
AID184954	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the lens of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 2.5 mg/Kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID34505	Inhibition of bovine lens aldose reductase with DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 27, Issue:3	N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-6-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl]thioxomethyl]- N-methylglycine (Tolrestat), a potent, orally active aldose reductase inhibitor.
AID35135	In vitro inhibitory activity against Aldose reductase 2 obtained from calf lenses	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 42, Issue:11	Isoxazolo-[3,4-d]-pyridazin-7-(6H)-one as a potential substrate for new aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34634	In vitro inhibitory activity against Aldose reductase isolated from human placenta	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID254230	Binding constant against wild-type human aldose reductase at 18.9 uM	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	Factorizing selectivity determinants of inhibitor binding toward aldose and aldehyde reductases: structural and thermodynamic properties of the aldose reductase mutant Leu300Pro-fidarestat complex.
AID1589442	Inhibition of rat kidney ALR1 using DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate and NADPH at 50 uM preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured for 30 mins at 2 mins interval by spectrophotometry relative to control	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168	Synthesis of new arylsulfonylspiroimidazolidine-2',4'-diones and study of their effect on stimulation of insulin release from MIN6 cell line, inhibition of human aldose reductase, sorbitol accumulations in various tissues and oxidative stress.
AID34650	Inhibitory activity against human placental aldose reductase in Orange A column at day 8	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Aldose reductase inhibitors: a potential new class of agents for the pharmacological control of certain diabetic complications.
AID34646	Inhibitory activity against human placental aldose reductase in 30 -70% (NH4)2SO4.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Aldose reductase inhibitors: a potential new class of agents for the pharmacological control of certain diabetic complications.
AID230203	Inhibitory Activity ratio (IC50 ratio) calculated by Human recombinant aldose reductase wild type against Mutant Aldose reductase (W111Y).	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 43, Issue:6	Molecular modeling of the aldose reductase-inhibitor complex based on the X-ray crystal structure and studies with single-site-directed mutants.
AID34969	Inhibitory concentration to aldose reductase (ALR-2) obtained from rat lens	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-06, Volume: 44, Issue:25	[1,2,4]Triazino[4,3-a]benzimidazole acetic acid derivatives: a new class of selective aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID179749	In vitro inhibition of sorbitol accumulation was measured in rat sciatic nerves incubated in the presence of 50 mM glucose at 10e-6 M concentration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID462442	Inhibition of aldose reductase	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of novel series of pyrrole based chemotypes and their evaluation as selective aldose reductase inhibitors. A case of bioisosterism between a carboxylic acid moiety and that of a tetrazole.
AID182579	In vivo inhibition of sorbitol accumulation in rat sciatic nerves at 10e-5 M concentration	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Orally active aldose reductase inhibitors derived from bioisosteric substitutions on tolrestat.
AID194291	Compound was evaluated in vivo for percent inhibition of polyol accumulation at a dose of 3 mg/kg per day.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-29, Volume: 35, Issue:11	Biological activities and quantitative structure-activity relationships of spiro[imidazolidine-4,4'(1'H)-quinazoline]-2,2',5(3'H)-triones as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID477037	Inhibition of aldose reductase	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Evaluation of aldose reductase inhibition and docking studies of 6'-nitro and 6',6''-dinitrorosmarinic acids.
AID34975	In vitro inhibition of Aldose reductase (AR) from rat lens (RL)	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 34, Issue:11	Spiro[fluoreneisothiazolidin]one dioxides: new aldose reductase and L-hexonate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID1443999	Inhibition of Fischer-344 rat lens ALR2	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130	Enhancing activity and selectivity in a series of pyrrol-1-yl-1-hydroxypyrazole-based aldose reductase inhibitors: The case of trifluoroacetylation.
AID1315345	In vivo inhibition of aldose reductase in transgenic PAR37 mouse expressing human aldose reductase assessed as reduction in vacuolization at 80 mg/kg, po for 16 days by hematoxylin/eosin staining	2016	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 79, Issue:5	Characterization of Emodin as a Therapeutic Agent for Diabetic Cataract.
AID107292	Compound was evaluated for its analgesic activity in mice by mouse phenylquinone writhing assay, and the activity relative to aspirin was reported; Not tested	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11	Antiinflammatory and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some tricyclic arylacetic acids.
AID603256	Inhibition of bovine lens ALR2	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 46, Issue:7	Identification of 5-arylidene-4-thiazolidinone derivatives endowed with dual activity as aldose reductase inhibitors and antioxidant agents for the treatment of diabetic complications.
AID203732	In vitro inhibitory activity against sorbitol dehydrogenase (SD) from sheep liver; Not active	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 46, Issue:8	Novel, highly potent aldose reductase inhibitors: cyano(2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives.
AID182593	In vivo inhibition of sorbitol accumulation in rat sciatic nerves at 5*10e-6 M concentration	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Orally active aldose reductase inhibitors derived from bioisosteric substitutions on tolrestat.
AID489631	Inhibition of reductase activity of N-terminal 6His-tagged AKR1B10 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as inhibition of NADPH linked pyridine-3-aldehyde reduction	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7	Chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives discovered from virtual screening as potent inhibitors of the tumour maker, AKR1B10.
AID34783	Tested in vitro for inhibitory activity against partially purified aldose reductase from male rabbit lens	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-29, Volume: 35, Issue:11	Biological activities and quantitative structure-activity relationships of spiro[imidazolidine-4,4'(1'H)-quinazoline]-2,2',5(3'H)-triones as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID35136	Inhibition of Aldose reductase 2 of bovine lens	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 42, Issue:11	1-Benzopyran-4-one antioxidants as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34177	Tested for in vitro inhibition activity against human aldehyde reductase (AHR)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	A potent aldose reductase inhibitor, (2S,4S)-6-fluoro-2', 5'-dioxospiro[chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2-carboxamide (Fidarestat): its absolute configuration and interactions with the aldose reductase by X-ray crystallography.
AID230204	Inhibitory Activity ratio (IC50 ratio) calculated by Human recombinant aldose reductase wild type against Mutant Aldose reductase (W20A).	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 43, Issue:6	Molecular modeling of the aldose reductase-inhibitor complex based on the X-ray crystal structure and studies with single-site-directed mutants.
AID34351	In vitro % decrease of aldose reductase measured in isolated partially purified bovine lens preparations at 10e-7 M concentration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID1646335	Inhibition of human recombinant AKR1B1 assessed as D,L-glyceraldehyde reduction pretreated with 0.3M DMSO followed by compound addition by DMSO-perturbation assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Early identification of promiscuous attributes of aldose reductase inhibitors using a DMSO-perturbation assay.
AID34638	In vitro inhibitory activity towards human placenta aldose reductase	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34795	Inhibition of crude aldose reductase of rat lens	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 29, Issue:10	Synthesis and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of substituted 2-oxoquinoline-1-acetic acid derivatives.
AID537152	Inhibition of Fischer-344 rat lens ALR2 at 0.25 uM	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	A diverse series of substituted benzenesulfonamides as aldose reductase inhibitors with antioxidant activity: design, synthesis, and in vitro activity.
AID299415	Inhibition of bovine aldose reductase	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 17, Issue:14	Evaluation of in vitro aldose redutase inhibitory activity of 5-arylidene-2,4-thiazolidinediones.
AID181496	50% reduction in sorbitol accumulation in isolated sciatic nerves incubated in the presence of high glucose concentration	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34789	In vitro inhibition of rabbit lens aldose reductase at 10e-6 M.	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11	Antiinflammatory and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some tricyclic arylacetic acids.
AID184958	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the nerve of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 0.15 mg/Kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID241043	Inhibition of aldose reductase from pig lenses	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-07, Volume: 47, Issue:21	Soft docking and multiple receptor conformations in virtual screening.
AID232953	Inhibitory activity measured against pig kidney aldehyde reductase using 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde as substrate	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	A highly specific aldose reductase inhibitor, ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate, and its congeners.
AID184354	In vivo galactitol inhibitory activity measured by its ability to inhibit galactitol accumulation in lens at 4 mg/Kg/day	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 35, Issue:24	Novel spirosuccinimides with incorporated isoindolone and benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide moieties as aldose reductase inhibitors and antihyperglycemic agents.
AID29166	Dissociation constant was determined	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-05, Volume: 46, Issue:12	A highly selective, non-hydantoin, non-carboxylic acid inhibitor of aldose reductase with potent oral activity in diabetic rat models: 6-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzofuran- 2-sulfonyl)-2-H-pyridazin-3-one.
AID184963	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the nerve of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 1.5 mg/Kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID34664	Selectivity ratio measured as the IC50 ratio of aldehyde/aldose reductase values	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	A highly specific aldose reductase inhibitor, ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate, and its congeners.
AID34210	In vitro % decrease of aldose reductase was measured in isolated partially purified bovine lens preparations at 10e-6 M concentration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID35115	Inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase at 50 uM	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Isoxazolidine-3,5-diones as lens aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID408834	Inhibition of bovine lens ALR2 assessed as reduction of D,L-glyceraldehyde by spectrophotometry	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11	Synthesis, induced-fit docking investigations, and in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity of non-carboxylic acid containing 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives.
AID34198	In vitro inhibitory activity against aldehyde reductase 1 (ALR1) from rat kidney.	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 46, Issue:8	Novel, highly potent aldose reductase inhibitors: cyano(2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives.
AID176729	Dose causing 50% reduction in sorbitol accumulation in isolated sciatic nerves of streptozotocinized rats, (tid)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID256543	Binding constant against Leu300Pro mutant of aldose reductase at 37.8 uM	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	Factorizing selectivity determinants of inhibitor binding toward aldose and aldehyde reductases: structural and thermodynamic properties of the aldose reductase mutant Leu300Pro-fidarestat complex.
AID34648	Inhibitory activity against human placental aldose reductase in Orange A column at at time 2	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Aldose reductase inhibitors: a potential new class of agents for the pharmacological control of certain diabetic complications.
AID35134	Evaluated for inhibition of Aldose reductase 2	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-25, Volume: 39, Issue:22	Synthesis, activity, and molecular modeling of a new series of tricyclic pyridazinones as selective aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID182251	In vivo inhibition of galactitol accumulation in sciatic nerves of rat at 4 mg/kg/day	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID34985	Compound was tested for percent inhibition of aldose reductase inhibitory activity using rat lens assay at concentration of 100 uM; ND= not determined	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 30, Issue:9	Novel inhibitors of rat lens aldose reductase: N-[[(substituted amino)phenyl]sulfonyl]glycines.
AID34661	Inhibitory activity measured against human placental aldose reductase at a concentration of 10e-5 M	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	A highly specific aldose reductase inhibitor, ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate, and its congeners.
AID34962	Inhibitory activity against rat lens aldose reductase	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Synthesis, absolute configuration, and conformation of the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil.
AID1713572	Inhibition of recombinant human ALR2 using D,L-glyceraldehyde and NADPH as substrate preincubated for 3 mins followed by substrate addition and measured for 3 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 26, Issue:20	Pterin-7-carboxamides as a new class of aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID93598	Inhibitory activity on sorbital accumulation in human retinal cells was determined	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-20, Volume: 46, Issue:24	Synthesis, activity, and molecular modeling studies of novel human aldose reductase inhibitors based on a marine natural product.
AID488380	Inhibition of bovine lens aldose reductase	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 18, Issue:11	Identification of new non-carboxylic acid containing inhibitors of aldose reductase.
AID170935	Compound was evaluated in vivo for 50% inhibition of enzymatic activity of partially purified AR from male rabbit lens at a dose of 15 mg/kg per day; Polyol contents	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-29, Volume: 35, Issue:11	Biological activities and quantitative structure-activity relationships of spiro[imidazolidine-4,4'(1'H)-quinazoline]-2,2',5(3'H)-triones as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID242609	Inhibitory concentration against porcine ALR1 Aldehyde reductase using DL-glyceraldehyde	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 48, Issue:17	Structure of aldehyde reductase holoenzyme in complex with the potent aldose reductase inhibitor fidarestat: implications for inhibitor binding and selectivity.
AID34196	Evaluated for inhibition of Aldehyde reductase 1	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-25, Volume: 39, Issue:22	Synthesis, activity, and molecular modeling of a new series of tricyclic pyridazinones as selective aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID34782	In vitro inhibition of rabbit lens aldose reductase.	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11	Antiinflammatory and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some tricyclic arylacetic acids.
AID182073	In vivo inhibition of galactitol accumulation in diaphragm of rat at 4 mg/kg/day	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID182408	In vivo inhibition of galactitol accumulation in the diaphragm of rat at a dose of 4 mg/kg/day	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Orally active aldose reductase inhibitors derived from bioisosteric substitutions on tolrestat.
AID35127	Inhibition of partially purified aldose reductase obtained from rat lens (100 uM ); ND is No Data	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 32, Issue:5	Synthesis and in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity of compounds containing an N-acylglycine moiety.
AID182586	In vivo inhibition of sorbitol accumulation in rat sciatic nerves at 10e-6 M concentration	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Orally active aldose reductase inhibitors derived from bioisosteric substitutions on tolrestat.
AID34178	Inhibitory activity measured against pig kidney aldehyde reductase using 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde as substrate	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	A highly specific aldose reductase inhibitor, ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate, and its congeners.
AID720961	Inhibition of Fischer-344 rat lens ALR2 using D-glycuronate as substrate by spectrophotometry	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 21, Issue:4	Synthesis of derivatives of the keto-pyrrolyl-difluorophenol scaffold: some structural aspects for aldose reductase inhibitory activity and selectivity.
AID1646336	Inhibition of human recombinant AKR1B1 assessed as D,L-glyceraldehyde reduction pretreated with 0.7M DMSO followed by compound addition by DMSO-perturbation assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Early identification of promiscuous attributes of aldose reductase inhibitors using a DMSO-perturbation assay.
AID194289	Compound was evaluated in vivo for percent inhibition of polyol accumulation at a dose of 15 mg/kg per day	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-29, Volume: 35, Issue:11	Biological activities and quantitative structure-activity relationships of spiro[imidazolidine-4,4'(1'H)-quinazoline]-2,2',5(3'H)-triones as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID178209	Effective dose of aldose reductase was evaluated by measuring galactitol accumulation in sciatic nerves of rat at 4 mg/kg/day	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID34973	Tested for in vitro inhibition activity against rat Aldose reductase (AR)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	A potent aldose reductase inhibitor, (2S,4S)-6-fluoro-2', 5'-dioxospiro[chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2-carboxamide (Fidarestat): its absolute configuration and interactions with the aldose reductase by X-ray crystallography.
AID34662	Inhibitory activity measured against human placental aldose reductase at a concentration of 10e-6 M	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	A highly specific aldose reductase inhibitor, ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate, and its congeners.
AID34211	In vitro % decrease of aldose reductase was measured in isolated partially purified bovine lens preparations at 10e-7 M concentration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID95257	In vitro inhibitory activity against L-Hexonate Dehydrogenase (L-HDH) from rat kidney (RK)	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 34, Issue:11	Spiro[fluoreneisothiazolidin]one dioxides: new aldose reductase and L-hexonate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID489640	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human AR to IC50 for AKR1B10	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7	Chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives discovered from virtual screening as potent inhibitors of the tumour maker, AKR1B10.
AID1142509	Inhibition of aldose reductase in rat lens by spectrophotometer analysis	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 80	Synthesis and biological evaluation of some new pyrazoline substituted benzenesulfonylurea/thiourea derivatives as anti-hyperglycaemic agents and aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID1335662	Antidiabetic activity in STZ-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rat model assessed as aldose reductase activity at 50 uM//kg, po administered for 8 weeks (Rvb = 44.66 +/- 2.7 U)	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Design and synthesis of chiral 2H-chromene-N-imidazolo-amino acid conjugates as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID184013	In vitro inhibition of sorbitol accumulation was measured in rat sciatic nerves incubated in the presence of 50 mM glucose at 10e-6 M concentration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID1335654	Inhibition of rat lenses ALR2 using DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 4 mins	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Design and synthesis of chiral 2H-chromene-N-imidazolo-amino acid conjugates as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID179748	In vitro inhibition of sorbitol accumulation was measured in rat sciatic nerves incubated in the presence of 50 mM glucose at 10e-5 M concentration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID34476	Inhibition of aldose reductase in partially purified bovine lens preparation at 10e-7 M concentration	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Orally active aldose reductase inhibitors derived from bioisosteric substitutions on tolrestat.
AID230205	Inhibitory Activity ratio (IC50 ratio) calculated by Human recombinant aldose reductase wild type against Mutant Aldose reductase (W20Y)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 43, Issue:6	Molecular modeling of the aldose reductase-inhibitor complex based on the X-ray crystal structure and studies with single-site-directed mutants.
AID181877	In vivo galactitol inhibitory activity measured by its ability to inhibit galactitol accumulation in sciatic nerve at 4 mg/Kg/day	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 35, Issue:24	Novel spirosuccinimides with incorporated isoindolone and benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide moieties as aldose reductase inhibitors and antihyperglycemic agents.
AID489642	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human ALR to IC50 for human AR	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7	Chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives discovered from virtual screening as potent inhibitors of the tumour maker, AKR1B10.
AID170137	Compound was evaluated for its ability to reduce carrageenan induced inflammation of rat paw and activity relative to phenylbutazone was reported; Not tested	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 29, Issue:11	Antiinflammatory and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some tricyclic arylacetic acids.
AID34974	The compound was tested for the inhibition of Aldose reductase in rat lens assay.	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7	Relative structure-inhibition analyses of the N-benzoyl and N-(phenylsulfonyl) amino acid aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID159820	Inhibitory activity against human placental aldose reductase (HPAR) with glyceraldehyde as substrate	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Rotationally restricted mimics of rigid molecules: nonspirocyclic hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID408837	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11	Synthesis, induced-fit docking investigations, and in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity of non-carboxylic acid containing 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives.
AID26074	pKa in DMF/H2O was measured	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID1204830	Inhibition of ALR2 in calf lenses using DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate treated with compound for 10 mins prior to substrate addition by UV spectrophotometer analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 98	Synthesis, characterization, hypoglycemic and aldose reductase inhibition activity of arylsulfonylspiro[fluorene-9,5'-imidazolidine]-2',4'-diones.
AID1143291	Inhibition of IFN-gamma/histamine-induced NF-kappaB activation in human NCTC-2544 cells assessed as inhibition of nuclear translocation at 10 uM after 48 hrs by Western blot analysis relative to sorbinil	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81	Structure-activity relationships and molecular modelling of new 5-arylidene-4-thiazolidinone derivatives as aldose reductase inhibitors and potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID34805	In vitro inhibitory activity of compound against rat lens aldose reductase	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 47, Issue:10	[1-(3,5-difluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]phenylmethanone as a bioisostere of a carboxylic acid aldose reductase inhibitor.
AID1143289	Inhibition of bovine aldose reductase assessed as oxidation of NADPH	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81	Structure-activity relationships and molecular modelling of new 5-arylidene-4-thiazolidinone derivatives as aldose reductase inhibitors and potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1478798	Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat kidney ALR1 using sodium D-glucuronate as substrate by spectrophotometric method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12	N-(Aroyl)-N-(arylmethyloxy)-α-alanines: Selective inhibitors of aldose reductase.
AID34201	Inhibitory Activity against Human recombinant Aldose Reductase (wild type)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 43, Issue:6	Molecular modeling of the aldose reductase-inhibitor complex based on the X-ray crystal structure and studies with single-site-directed mutants.
AID34814	Inhibition of aldose reductase from rat lens. Value ranges from 0.07 - 1.2	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 32, Issue:5	Synthesis and in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity of compounds containing an N-acylglycine moiety.
AID242590	Inhibitory concentration against human ALR1 Aldehyde reductase using DL-glyceraldehyde	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 48, Issue:17	Structure of aldehyde reductase holoenzyme in complex with the potent aldose reductase inhibitor fidarestat: implications for inhibitor binding and selectivity.
AID1589443	Inhibition of rat kidney ALR1 using DL-glyceraldehyde as substrate and NADPH preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured for 30 mins at 2 mins interval by spectrophotometry relative to control	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168	Synthesis of new arylsulfonylspiroimidazolidine-2',4'-diones and study of their effect on stimulation of insulin release from MIN6 cell line, inhibition of human aldose reductase, sorbitol accumulations in various tissues and oxidative stress.
AID184011	In vitro inhibition of sorbitol accumulation was measured in rat sciatic nerves incubated in the presence of 50 mM glucose at 10e-5 M concentration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Syntheses of tolrestat analogues containing additional substituents in the ring and their evaluation as aldose reductase inhibitors. Identification of potent, orally active 2-fluoro derivatives.
AID34803	Concentration required to produce 50% inhibition of aldose reductase enzyme (the literature IC50 value for sorbinil is 0.07 uM)	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 30, Issue:9	Novel inhibitors of rat lens aldose reductase: N-[[(substituted amino)phenyl]sulfonyl]glycines.
AID489638	Inhibition of N-terminal 6His-tagged human aldose reductase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) mediated NADPH linked pyridine-3-aldehyde reduction	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7	Chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives discovered from virtual screening as potent inhibitors of the tumour maker, AKR1B10.
AID765046	Inhibition of partially purified Fischer-344 rat lens ALR2 using D,L-glyceraldehyde as substrate assessed as NADPH consumption by spectrophotometry	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 21, Issue:17	1-Hydroxypyrazole as a bioisostere of the acetic acid moiety in a series of aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID255041	In vitro inhibitroy concentration against Aldose reductase incubated at 24 degree C for 15 minutes in pH 7.0	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-06, Volume: 48, Issue:20	A novel series of non-carboxylic acid, non-hydantoin inhibitors of aldose reductase with potent oral activity in diabetic rat models: 6-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzofuran-2-sulfonyl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one and congeners.
AID35132	The compound was tested for Inhibitory effect against Aldose reductase 1 in bovine kidneys	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 42, Issue:11	1-Benzopyran-4-one antioxidants as aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID184950	Tested in vivo for ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in the lens of a streptozotocinized rat model after oral administration at the dose of 0.75 mg/Kg	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors derived from 8-aza-4-chromanones.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347151	Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347410	qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library	2019	Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60	A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID1347405	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347059	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - Alpha assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347058	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347057	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1346211	Human aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B (1.-.-.- Oxidoreductases)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	A potent aldose reductase inhibitor, (2S,4S)-6-fluoro-2', 5'-dioxospiro[chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2-carboxamide (Fidarestat): its absolute configuration and interactions with the aldose reductase by X-ray crystallography.
AID1797505	In Vitro Aldose Reductase Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/jm034065z: \\A highly selective, non-hydantoin, non-carboxylic acid inhibitor of aldose reductase with potent oral activity in diabetic rat models: 6-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzofuran- 2-sulfonyl)-	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-05, Volume: 46, Issue:12	A highly selective, non-hydantoin, non-carboxylic acid inhibitor of aldose reductase with potent oral activity in diabetic rat models: 6-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzofuran- 2-sulfonyl)-2-H-pyridazin-3-one.
AID1802103	IC50-Activity Assay (AR) from Article 10.1021/acschembio.6b00382: \\IDD388 Polyhalogenated Derivatives as Probes for an Improved Structure-Based Selectivity of AKR1B10 Inhibitors\\
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).	2014	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	203 (41.86)	18.7374
1990's	152 (31.34)	18.2507
2000's	75 (15.46)	29.6817
2010's	43 (8.87)	24.3611
2020's	12 (2.47)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	44 (8.80%)	5.53%
Reviews	29 (5.80%)	6.00%
Case Studies	3 (0.60%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	424 (84.80%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Article	Year
Aldose reductase prevents aldehyde toxicity in cultured human lens epithelial cells. Experimental eye research, Volume: 83, Issue: 2	2006
Aldose reductase-catalyzed reduction of acrolein: implications in cyclophosphamide toxicity. Molecular pharmacology, Volume: 45, Issue: 4	1994
An in vitro study of the microsomal metabolism and cellular toxicity of phenytoin, sorbinil and mianserin. British journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 26, Issue: 5	1988
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Article	Year
Inhibition of naphthalene cataract in rats by aldose reductase inhibitors. Current eye research, Volume: 15, Issue: 4	1996
Kinetics of an orally absorbed aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 30, Issue: 5	1981
Red blood cell sorbitol as an indicator of polyol pathway activity. Inhibition by sorbinil in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Diabetes, Volume: 33, Issue: 1	1984
Drug-protein conjugates--XVI. Studies of sorbinil metabolism: formation of 2-hydroxysorbinil and unstable protein conjugates. Biochemical pharmacology, Feb-15, Volume: 37, Issue: 4	1988
Sorbinil pharmacokinetics in male and female elderly volunteers. British journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 23, Issue: 4	1987
Effects of aldose reductase inhibition on the retina and health indices of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, Volume: 64, Issue: 4	1986
A randomized trial of sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor, in diabetic retinopathy. Sorbinil Retinopathy Trial Research Group. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), Volume: 108, Issue: 9	1990
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

sorbinil

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (65)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (5)

Protein Targets (15)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (37)

Molecular Functions (23)

Ceullar Components (11)

Bioassays (212)

Research

Studies (485)

Study Types

Research Highlights

Safety/Toxicity (3)

Long-term Use (2)

Pharmacokinetics (2)

Bioavailability (7)

Dosage (7)

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Ache	medium	3	3
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia	low	1	0
Acute Disease	low	1	0
Adenocarcinoma	low	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell	low	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Granular Cell	low	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Oxyphilic	low	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Tubular	low	1	0
Adenoma, Malignant	low	1	0
Albuminuria	low	4	0
Alcohol Drinking	low	1	0
Allergy, Drug	medium	3	1
Alloxan Diabetes	medium	132	3
Alzheimer Dementia	low	1	0
Alzheimer Disease	low	1	0
Alzheimer Disease, Early Onset	low	1	0
Alzheimer Disease, Late Onset	low	1	0
Alzheimer Sclerosis	low	1	0
Alzheimer Syndrome	low	1	0
Alzheimer Type Senile Dementia	low	1	0
Alzheimer-Type Dementia (ATD)	low	1	0
Alzheimer's Disease	low	1	0
Alzheimer's Disease, Focal Onset	low	1	0
Alzheimer's Diseases	low	1	0
Amyotrophy, Thenar, Of Carpal Origin	medium	1	1
Anasarca	low	1	0
Aneurysm	medium	3	1
Angiitis	low	1	0
Angiogenesis, Pathologic	low	1	0
Angiogenesis, Pathological	low	1	0
ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) Diseases	medium	5	3
ANS Diseases	medium	5	3
Aortic Arteritis, Giant Cell	low	1	0
Aortitis, Giant Cell	low	1	0
Arteritis, Giant Cell, Horton	low	1	0
Arteritis, Giant Cell, Horton's	low	1	0
Arteritis, Temporal	low	1	0
Arthropathies	low	2	0
Asymmetric Diabetic Proximal Motor Neuropathy	medium	75	31
Atherogenesis	low	1	0
Atherosclerosis	low	1	0
Atrophy	medium	2	1
Autoimmune Diabetes	medium	17	9
Autonomic Central Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Autonomic Diseases	medium	5	3
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Autonomic Nervous System Disorders	medium	5	3
Autonomic Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Bacterial Disease	low	1	0
Bacterial Infection	low	1	0
Bacterial Infections	low	1	0
Bed Sores	low	2	0
Bedsore	low	2	0
Benign Neoplasms	low	1	0
Body Weight	low	20	0
Cancer	low	1	0
Cancer of Colon	low	2	0
Cancer of Eye	low	1	0
Cancer of the Colon	low	2	0
Cancer of the Eye	low	1	0
Capsule Opacification	low	1	0
Carcinoma, Cribriform	low	1	0
Carcinoma, Granular Cell	low	1	0
Carcinoma, Tubular	low	1	0
Cardiomyopathies	low	1	0
Cardiomyopathies, Primary	low	1	0
Cardiomyopathies, Secondary	low	1	0
Carotid Arteriopathies, Traumatic	low	2	0
Carotid Artery Injuries	low	2	0
Carotid Artery Narrowing	low	1	0
Carotid Artery Plaque	low	1	0
Carotid Artery Stenosis	low	1	0
Carotid Artery Ulcerating Plaque	low	1	0
Carotid False Aneurysm	low	2	0
Carotid Pseudoaneurysm	low	2	0
Carotid Stenosis	low	1	0
Carotid Ulcer	low	1	0
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome	medium	1	1
Cataract	medium	55	2
Cataract, Membranous	medium	55	2
Central Autonomic Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Chronic Disease	medium	1	1
Chronic Illness	medium	1	1
Chronically Ill	medium	1	1
Classic Galactosemia	low	28	0
Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome	medium	1	1
Clinically Isolated Syndrome, CNS Demyelinating	medium	1	1
Colon Cancer	low	2	0
Colon Neoplasms	low	2	0
Colonic Cancer	low	2	0
Colonic Neoplasms	low	2	0
Common Carotid Artery Stenosis	low	1	0
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus	medium	23	2
Compression Neuropathy, Carpal Tunnel	medium	1	1
Congenital Zika Syndrome	low	1	0
Congenital Zika Virus Infection	low	1	0
Contracture	low	1	0
Corneal Diseases	low	3	0
Cranial Arteritis	low	1	0
Decubitus Ulcer	low	2	0
Deficiency Disease, Galactokinase	low	28	0
Deficiency Disease, Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyl-Transferase	low	28	0
Deficiency Disease, UDP-Galactose-4-Epimerase	low	28	0
Deficiency Disease, UDPglucose 4-Epimerase	low	28	0
Dementia, Alzheimer Type	low	1	0
Dementia, Presenile	low	1	0
Dementia, Primary Senile Degenerative	low	1	0
Dementia, Senile	low	1	0
Demyelinating Diseases	medium	1	1
Demyelinating Disorders	medium	1	1
Demyelination	medium	1	1
Dermatitis Medicamentosa	medium	2	2
Dermatitis, Adverse Drug Reaction	medium	2	2
Diabetes Complications	medium	23	2
Diabetes Mellitus	medium	31	5
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental	medium	132	3
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, 1	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile-Onset	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Prone	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Resistant	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity-Onset	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Non Insulin Dependent	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin Dependent	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Slow-Onset	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Stable	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden-Onset	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	medium	7	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Type I	medium	17	9
Diabetes Mellitus, Type II	medium	7	4
Diabetes-Related Complications	medium	23	2
Diabetes, Autoimmune	medium	17	9
Diabetic Amyotrophy	medium	75	31
Diabetic Angiopathies	medium	9	2
Diabetic Asymmetric Polyneuropathy	medium	75	31
Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy	medium	75	31
Diabetic Complications	medium	23	2
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis	medium	12	1
Diabetic Kidney Disease	medium	12	1
Diabetic Mononeuropathy	medium	75	31
Diabetic Mononeuropathy Simplex	medium	75	31
Diabetic Nephropathies	medium	12	1
Diabetic Nephropathy	medium	12	1
Diabetic Neuralgia	medium	75	31
Diabetic Neuropathies	medium	75	31
Diabetic Neuropathy, Painful	medium	75	31
Diabetic Polyneuropathy	medium	75	31
Diabetic Vascular Complications	medium	9	2
Diabetic Vascular Diseases	medium	9	2
Disease Exacerbation	low	3	0
Disease Models, Animal	low	17	0
Disease Progression	low	3	0
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System	medium	5	3
Dropsy	low	1	0
Drug Allergy	medium	3	1
Drug Eruptions	medium	2	2
Drug Hypersensitivity	medium	3	1
Early Onset Alzheimer Disease	low	1	0
Edema	low	1	0
Electrolytes	low	1	0
Entrapment Neuropathy, Carpal Tunnel	medium	1	1
Epimerase Deficiency Galactosemia	low	28	0
Erythema	medium	1	1
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus	medium	132	3
External Carotid Artery Stenosis	low	1	0
Eye Cancer	low	1	0
Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma	low	1	0
Eye Diseases	low	2	0
Eye Disorders	low	2	0
Eye Neoplasms	low	1	0
False Aneurysm, Carotid	low	2	0
Familial Alzheimer Disease (FAD)	low	1	0
Familial Retinoblastoma	low	1	0
Fever, Zika	low	1	0
Focal Onset Alzheimer's Disease	low	1	0
Fungal Diseases	low	1	0
Fungal Infections	low	1	0
Fungus Diseases	low	1	0
Fungus Infections	low	1	0
Fusiform Aneurysm	medium	3	1
Galactokinase Deficiency	low	28	0
Galactokinase Deficiency Disease	low	28	0
Galactose Epimerase Deficiency	low	28	0
Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyl-Transferase Deficiency Disease	low	28	0
Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase Deficiency	low	28	0
Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase Deficiency	low	28	0
Galactosemia	low	28	0
Galactosemia 2	low	28	0
Galactosemia 3	low	28	0
Galactosemia III	low	28	0
Galactosemia, Classic	low	28	0
Galactosemias	low	28	0
GALE Deficiency	low	28	0
GALK Deficiency	low	28	0
GALT Deficiency	low	28	0
Giant Cell Aortic Arteritis	low	1	0
Giant Cell Aortitis	low	1	0
Giant Cell Aortitis, Horton's	low	1	0
Giant Cell Arteritis	low	1	0
Giant Cell Arteritis, Horton	low	1	0
Glial Cell Tumors	low	1	0
Glioblastoma, Retinal	low	1	0
Glioma	low	1	0
Glioma, Retinal	low	1	0
Glomerulosclerosis, Diabetic	medium	12	1
Glycosuria	low	2	0
Hereditary Galactokinase Deficiency	low	28	0
Hereditary Retinoblastoma	low	1	0
Horton Disease	low	1	0
Horton Giant Cell Arteritis	low	1	0
Horton's Disease	low	1	0
Horton's Giant Cell Arteritis	low	1	0
Hydrops	low	1	0
Hyperglycemia	low	12	0
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial	low	12	0
Hypernatremia	low	1	0
Hyperplasia	low	1	0
Hypersensitivity, Drug	medium	3	1
Hypertension, Pulmonary	low	1	0
Hyponatremia	low	1	0
IDDM	medium	17	9
Infection, Bacterial	low	1	0
Infections, Bacterial	low	1	0
Inflammation	low	2	0
Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Systemic	low	2	0
Injuries, Carotid Artery	low	2	0
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion	low	1	0
Innate Inflammatory Response	low	2	0
Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1	medium	17	9
Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis	low	1	0
Intracapillary Glomerulosclerosis	medium	12	1
Ischemia	low	2	0
Joint Diseases	low	2	0
Juvenile Temporal Arteritis	low	1	0
Juvenile-Onset Diabetes	medium	17	9
Kimmelstiel-Wilson Disease	medium	12	1
Kimmelstiel-Wilson Syndrome	medium	12	1
Late Onset Alzheimer Disease	low	1	0
Lens Opacities	medium	55	2
Leukocytopenia	medium	1	1
Leukopenia	medium	1	1
Lymphatic Diseases	medium	1	1
Lymphatism	medium	1	1
Maculopapular Drug Eruption	medium	2	2
Maculopapular Exanthem	medium	2	2
Malaria, Falciparum	low	1	0
Malignancy	low	1	0
Malignant Glioma	low	1	0
Malignant Neoplasms	low	1	0
Maturity-Onset Diabetes	medium	7	4
Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus	medium	7	4
Median Neuropathy, Carpal Tunnel	medium	1	1
Microangiopathy, Diabetic	medium	9	2
Mixed Glioma	low	1	0
MODY	medium	7	4
Mononeuropathy, Diabetic	medium	75	31
Morbilliform Drug Reaction	medium	2	2
Morbilliform Exanthem	medium	2	2
Muscle Contraction	low	3	0
Muscle Relaxation	low	3	0
Mycoses	low	1	0
Myocardial Diseases	low	1	0
Myocardial Diseases, Primary	low	1	0
Myocardial Diseases, Secondary	low	1	0
Myocardial Ischemic Reperfusion Injury	low	1	0
Myocardial Reperfusion Injury	low	1	0
Myocardiopathies	low	1	0
Neoplasia	low	1	0
Neoplasm	low	1	0
Neoplasms	low	1	0
Neoplasms, Benign	low	1	0
Neoplasms, Colonic	low	2	0
Neoplasms, Eye	low	1	0
Neovascularization, Pathologic	low	1	0
Neovascularization, Pathological	low	1	0
Nerve Pain	medium	1	1
Nervous System Diseases, Autonomic	medium	5	3
Nervous System Diseases, Parasympathetic	medium	5	3
Nervous System Diseases, Sympathetic	medium	5	3
Neuralgia	medium	1	1
Neuralgia, Atypical	medium	1	1
Neuralgia, Diabetic	medium	75	31
Neuralgia, Iliohypogastric Nerve	medium	1	1
Neuralgia, Ilioinguinal	medium	1	1
Neuralgia, Perineal	medium	1	1
Neuralgia, Stump	medium	1	1
Neuralgia, Supraorbital	medium	1	1
Neuralgia, Vidian	medium	1	1
Neuroblastoma	low	5	0
Neuroblastoma, Retinal	low	1	0
Neurodynia	medium	1	1
Neurofibroma	low	1	0
Neurogenic Inflammation	low	1	0
Neuropathic Pain	medium	1	1
NIDDM	medium	7	4
Nodular Glomerulosclerosis	medium	12	1
Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus	medium	7	4
Nutrition Disorders	low	1	0
Nutritional Disorders	low	1	0
Pain	medium	3	3
Pain, Burning	medium	3	3
Pain, Crushing	medium	3	3
Pain, Migratory	medium	3	3
Pain, Radiating	medium	3	3
Pain, Splitting	medium	3	3
Parasympathetic Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Paroxysmal Nerve Pain	medium	1	1
Pathologic Angiogenesis	low	1	0
Pathologic Neovascularization	low	1	0
Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Peripheral Nerve Diseases	medium	5	3
Peripheral Nervous System Disease	medium	5	3
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Peripheral Nervous System Disorders	medium	5	3
Peripheral Neuropathies	medium	5	3
Plaque, Ulcerating, Carotid Artery	low	1	0
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria	low	1	0
PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) Diseases	medium	5	3
PNS Diseases	medium	5	3
Polyneuropathies	low	1	0
Polyneuropathy, Acquired	low	1	0
Polyneuropathy, Critical Illness	low	1	0
Polyneuropathy, Familial	low	1	0
Polyneuropathy, Inherited	low	1	0
Polyneuropathy, Motor	low	1	0
Postprandial Hyperglycemia	low	12	0
Pregnancy	low	8	0
Presenile Alzheimer Dementia	low	1	0
Pressure Sore	low	2	0
Pressure Ulcer	low	2	0
Primary Myocardial Diseases	low	1	0
Primary Senile Degenerative Dementia	low	1	0
Proteinuria	low	4	0
Pseudoaphakia	medium	55	2
Pulmonary Hypertension	low	1	0
Recrudescence	low	1	0
Recurrence	low	1	0
Relapse	low	1	0
Reperfusion Injury, Myocardial	low	1	0
Retinal Degeneration	low	1	0
Retinal Diseases	low	3	0
Retinoblastoma	low	1	0
Retinopathy of Prematurity	low	1	0
Retrolental Fibroplasia	low	1	0
Saccular Aneurysm	medium	3	1
Secondary Cataract	low	1	0
Secondary Myocardial Diseases	low	1	0
Segmental Autonomic Dysfunction	medium	5	3
Senile Dementia, Acute Confusional	low	1	0
Senile Dementia, Alzheimer Type	low	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity	low	3	0
Sepsis Syndrome	low	2	0
Sporadic Retinoblastoma	low	1	0
Starvation	low	1	0
Status Lymphaticus	medium	1	1
Stenosis, Common Carotid Artery	low	1	0
Stenosis, External Carotid Artery	low	1	0
Streptozocin Diabetes	medium	132	3
Streptozotocin Diabetes	medium	132	3
Suffering, Physical	medium	3	3
Symmetric Diabetic Proximal Motor Neuropathy	medium	75	31
Sympathetic Nervous System Diseases	medium	5	3
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome	low	2	0
Temporal Arteritis	low	1	0
Trauma, Carotid Artery	low	2	0
Tumors	low	1	0
Type 1 Diabetes	medium	17	9
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus	medium	17	9
Type 2 Diabetes	medium	7	4
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	medium	7	4
UDP-Galactose-4-Epimerase Deficiency	low	28	0
UDP-Galactose-4-Epimerase Deficiency Disease	low	28	0
UDPglucose 4-Epimerase Deficiency Disease	low	28	0
UDPGlucose Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase Deficiency	low	28	0
Ulcerating Plaque, Carotid Artery	low	1	0
Uremia	low	1	0
Urinary Retention	low	1	0
UTP Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase Deficiency	low	28	0
UTP-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase Deficiency Disease	low	28	0
Vasculitis	low	1	0
Zika Fever	low	1	0
Zika Virus Disease	low	1	0
Zika Virus Infection	low	1	0
ZikV Infection	low	1	0

Article	Year
Aldose reductase inhibitors in clinical practice. Preliminary studies on diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy. Drugs, Volume: 32 Suppl 2	1986
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Article	Year
Sorbinil pharmacokinetics in male and female elderly volunteers. British journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 23, Issue: 4	1987
The role of polyols in cerebral cell volume regulation in hypernatremic and hyponatremic states. Life sciences, Volume: 49, Issue: 9	1991
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

sorbinil

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (65)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (5)

Protein Targets (15)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (37)

Molecular Functions (23)

Ceullar Components (11)

Bioassays (212)

Research

Studies (485)

Study Types

Related Drugs (839)

Related Conditions (390)

Research Highlights

Safety/Toxicity (3)

Long-term Use (2)

Pharmacokinetics (2)

Bioavailability (7)

Dosage (7)