transcription cis-regulatory region binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls transcription of that section of the DNA. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon. [GOC:txnOH]

Transcription cis-regulatory region binding refers to the process by which proteins or protein complexes interact with specific DNA sequences within cis-regulatory regions, which are non-coding regions of DNA that regulate the expression of nearby genes. These interactions play a crucial role in controlling gene expression by influencing the initiation and regulation of transcription.

Cis-regulatory regions can include promoters, enhancers, silencers, and insulators. Transcription factors, a type of protein that binds to DNA, are key players in cis-regulatory region binding.

**Here's a breakdown of the molecular function:**

* **Recognition and Binding:** Transcription factors possess specific DNA-binding domains that recognize and bind to short, specific DNA sequences within cis-regulatory regions. These sequences are often called response elements or regulatory elements.
* **Recruitment of Other Factors:** Once bound, transcription factors act as scaffolds, recruiting other proteins and co-factors to the region. These factors can include:
* **General Transcription Factors:** Essential for the assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC), which is required for RNA polymerase II to initiate transcription.
* **Co-activators and Co-repressors:** These proteins can either enhance or repress transcription by interacting with transcription factors and modifying chromatin structure.
* **Regulation of Transcription Initiation:** The binding of transcription factors and the recruitment of co-factors can influence the accessibility of DNA to RNA polymerase II, ultimately controlling the rate of transcription initiation.
* **Fine-Tuning of Gene Expression:** Transcription factors can act individually or in combination to regulate gene expression in a complex and dynamic manner. This allows for precise control of gene expression in response to various cellular signals and environmental stimuli.

Overall, transcription cis-regulatory region binding is a crucial process that enables cells to precisely regulate gene expression, ensuring the production of the right proteins at the right time and in the right amounts. This is essential for normal cellular function, development, and response to environmental cues.'
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Proteins (47)

Compounds (3,331)