fadrozole profile

Fadrozole, also known as ICI 182,780, is a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor that was developed as a potential treatment for breast cancer. Its synthesis involves a complex multi-step process, starting with a chiral building block and utilizing various organic reactions to construct the final molecule. Fadrozole acts by inhibiting the enzyme aromatase, which is responsible for converting androgens into estrogens in the body. This inhibition reduces estrogen levels, which can be beneficial in treating estrogen-dependent breast cancer. While it showed promise in early studies, its development was discontinued due to its potential for liver toxicity and the emergence of newer, more effective aromatase inhibitors. Research on fadrozole continues to be relevant for understanding the mechanisms of aromatase inhibition and for exploring its potential applications in other areas such as hormone therapy and fertility treatment.'

Fadrozole: A selective aromatase inhibitor effective in the treatment of estrogen-dependent disease including breast cancer. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	59693
CHEMBL ID	9298
CHEBI ID	94355
SCHEMBL ID	25491
MeSH ID	M0026296

Synonym
cgs-16949a
fadrozole [inn]
fadrozol [inn-spanish]
fadrozolum [inn-latin]
benzonitrile, 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo(1,5-a)pyridin-5-yl)-
chembl9298 ,
4-{5h,6h,7h,8h-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl}benzonitrile
fadrozole
bdbm8611
fad 286
102676-47-1
4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile
D07940
fadrozole (inn)
A23588
5-p-cyanophenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine
CLPFFLWZZBQMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
5-(p-cyanophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]-pyridine
5-(p-cyanophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazol[1,5-a]pyridine
5-(p-cyanophenyl)5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine
5-(p-cyanophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine
(+)-5-(p-cyanophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine
5-(4-cyanophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine
S9519
h3988m64pu ,
unii-h3988m64pu
fadrozolum
ccris 8823
fadrozol
AKOS015904403
BRD-A25619068-003-01-8
smr004701403
MLS006010399
SCHEMBL25491
fadrozole [mi]
(+/-)-p-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo(1,5-a)pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile
fadrozole [who-dd]
benzonitrile, 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo(1,5-a)pyridin-5-yl)-, (+/-)-
benzonitrile, 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)-
CS-7759
gtpl8311
cgs 16949 a
4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[5,1-f]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile
fad 286a
benzonitrile,4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)-
DTXSID5034141
mfcd02313480
J-513579
SR-01000945263-1
sr-01000945263
CHEBI:94355
W18624
NCGC00390223-01
4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile;4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile
HY-14247A
FT-0715568
Q5429279
Z1430598234
EX-A2624
fadrazole
EN300-114143
di-n-hexylfumarate
AS-76077
CEA67647
AC-35856

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fadrozole is a model aromatase inhibitor that has been shown to suppress estrogen production in the ovaries of fish."	( Rapid effects of the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole on steroid production and gene expression in the ovary of female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Ankley, GT; Cavallin, JE; Durhan, EJ; Escalon, BL; Garcia-Reyero, N; Habib, T; Jensen, KM; Kahl, MD; Makynen, EA; Martinovic-Weigelt, D; Perkins, EJ; Schroeder, AL; Villeneuve, DL, 2017)	1.44
"Fadrozole hydrochloride is a potent aromatase inhibitor with proven clinical effectiveness. "	( Endocrine changes with the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole hydrochloride in breast cancer. Coombes, RC; Dowsett, M; Moore, J; Powles, TJ; Rubens, R; Smith, IE; Smithers, D; Trunet, PF, 1994)	1.99
"Fadrozole is a well tolerated, effective second line treatment for women with metastatic breast cancer."	( Fadrozole hydrochloride, a new nontoxic aromatase inhibitor for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Falkson, G; Falkson, HC; Raats, JI, 1992)	2.45

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fadrozole has good therapeutic effect as a second-line treatment in postmenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer. "	( A study of fadrozole, a new aromatase inhibitor, in postmenopausal women with advanced metastatic breast cancer. Falkson, G; Falkson, HC; Raats, JI, 1992)	2.12

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fadrozole treatment significantly decreased serum E2 levels (4.7 times lower; P = 0.027) and depressed AroB mRNA expression threefold in both the telencephalon (P = 0.021) and the hypothalamus (P = 0.006)."	( Profiling neuroendocrine gene expression changes following fadrozole-induced estrogen decline in the female goldfish. Duarte-Guterman, P; Martyniuk, CJ; Popesku, JT; Trudeau, VL; Xia, X; Xiong, H; Yao, L; Zhang, D, 2009)	1.32
"Fadrozole treatment inhibited cyp19 activity and increased androgen receptor and thyroid hormone receptor (alpha and beta) mRNAs."	( Fadrozole and finasteride exposures modulate sex steroid- and thyroid hormone-related gene expression in Silurana (Xenopus) tropicalis early larval development. Cooke, GM; Duarte-Guterman, P; Ing, S; Langlois, VS; Pauli, BD; Trudeau, VL, 2010)	2.52
"Fadrozole treatment returned these levels to baseline values."	( Inhibition of p-450 aromatase prevents feminisation and induces protection during cysticercosis. Damian, RT; Hallal-Calleros, C; Morales-Montor, J; Romano, MC, 2002)	1.04
"Fadrozole treatment also significantly reduced all measures of copulatory behavior over the period of treatment and increased latencies to first mount, intromission, and ejaculation."	( Role of aromatization in anticipatory and consummatory aspects of sexual behavior in male rats. Cross, E; Poonyagariyagorn, HK; Roselli, CE; Stadelman, HL, 2003)	1.04
"Fadrozole-treated patients had significantly more visceral, especially liver, involvement and less bone-dominant disease."	( First-line fadrozole HCI (CGS 16949A) versus tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Prospective randomised trial of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research SAKK 20/88. Bacchi, M; Beretta, K; Castiglione-Gertsch, M; Cavalli, F; Fey, M; Goldhirsch, A; Jungi, WF; Löhnert, T; Senn, HJ; Thürlimann, B, 1996)	1.41
"Fadrozole treatment significantly reduced the number of healthy antral follicles produced and the ovulatory response to exogenous hCG of immature rats primed with pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin."	( Use of a specific aromatase inhibitor for determining whether there is a role for oestrogen in follicle/oocyte maturation, ovulation and preimplantation embryo development. Bhatnagar, AS; Moudgal, NR; Selvaraj, N; Shetty, G, 1996)	1.02
"Fadrozole treatment resulted in a 59% decrease in brain nuclear estrogen receptor occupation relative to the T group."	( The role of aromatization in the restoration of male rat reproductive behavior. McGinnis, MY; Vagell, ME, 1997)	1.02
"Fadrozole treatment decreased plasma oestradiol-17beta concentrations and increased the LH pulse frequency in both intact rams and testosterone-treated castrates, suggesting that non-testicular sites of aromatization are important in the control of pulsatile LH secretion."	( Role of peripheral and central aromatization in the control of gonadotrophin secretion in the male sheep. Blache, D; Blackberry, MA; Martin, GB; Sharma, TP, 1999)	1.02
"Treatment with fadrozole (0.25-0.5 mg kg-1 day-1) for 3 weeks caused sex skin to become significantly less red during treatment (P = 0.014)."	( Effects of administration of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, oestrogen and fadrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, on sex skin colour in intact male rhesus macaques. Argersinger, ME; Friscino, BH; Gantert, LT; Hess, DL; Hom, G; Pikounis, B; Rhodes, L; Rhodes, WL, 1997)	0.86

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" A significant toxic effect was observed in the heartbeat rate, at 144 hpf, in larvae exposed to EE2 and Fad."	( Developmental toxicity of endocrine disruptors in early life stages of zebrafish, a genetic and embryogenesis study. Coimbra, AM; Matos, M; Santos, D, )	0.13
"The Fish Sexual Development Test (FSDT) is a non-reproductive test to assess adverse effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals."	( Linking the response of endocrine regulated genes to adverse effects on sex differentiation improves comprehension of aromatase inhibition in a Fish Sexual Development Test. Brückner, J; Fenske, M; Konradi, S; Muth-Köhne, E; Schäfers, C; Schiller, V; Teigeler, M; Westphal-Settele, K, 2016)	0.43

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Pharmacokinetic data demonstrated tha the drug was rapidly absorbed after oral dosing, with peak plasma concentrations achieved in median times of 1 and 2 h, respectively, for the 2- and 8-mg twice daily treatment regimens."	( The pharmacodynamic inhibition of estrogen synthesis by fadrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, and its pharmacokinetic disposition. Demers, L; Entwistle, EA; Kochak, GM; Lipton, A; Mangat, S; Mulagha, MT; Santen, RJ, 1990)	0.53

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"A 44-year-old premenopausal woman having local recurrence and pleural and bone metastases of breast cancer was treated with aromatization inhibition in combination with Luteinizing Hormone-releasing Hormone (LH-RH) agonist."	( [A case of a premenopausal woman with advanced breast cancer treated with aromatization inhibition in combination with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist]. Akiyama, H; Hisamatsu, K; Iwamori, S; Minami, K; Ota, K; Tanabe, K, 1997)	0.3
" Fadrozole hydrochloride in combination with cyclophosphamide is promising as an effective treatment in postmenopausal patients."	( [A case of pleural and mediastinal lymph node metastases from breast cancer effectively treated with fadrozole hydrochloride in combination with cyclophosphamide]. Fukuda, K; Kim, YH; Kitano, H; Kokufu, I; Peng, YF; Yamada, K; Yamamoto, M; Yano, T, 1999)	1.43

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
", 12 with a peroral bioavailability of 71%)."	( In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives. Birk, B; Hartmann, RW; Heim, R; Lucas, S; Ries, C; Schewe, KE, 2008)	0.35
" Moreover, pyrroloquinolinone 4 exhibits no inhibition of the six most important hepatic CYP enzymes as well as a bioavailability in the range of the marketed drug fadrozole."	( Fine-tuning the selectivity of aldosterone synthase inhibitors: structure-activity and structure-selectivity insights from studies of heteroaryl substituted 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-4-one derivatives. Hartmann, RW; Heim, R; Lucas, S; Negri, M; Zimmer, C, 2011)	0.56
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The aim of this double blind placebo-controlled cross-over study was to evaluate the effects of fadrozole, a new oral nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, on basal and stimulated cortisol and aldosterone secretion at a daily dosage of 4 mg given for 14 days to eight healthy men."	( The effects of fadrozole hydrochloride on aldosterone secretion in healthy male subjects. Aupetit, B; Bhatnagar, AS; Ezzet, F; Girard, F; Menard, J; Mueller, P; Trunet, PF; Zognbi, F, 1992)	0.85
" First, while administration of testosterone to eggs incubating at all male-producing and male-biased intermediate temperatures produced females in a dose- and temperature-dependent manner, significant numbers of intersex individuals resulted from high dosage testosterone treatment to eggs incubating at a female-biased intermediate temperature."	( Role of reductase and aromatase in sex determination in the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta), a turtle with temperature-dependent sex determination. Bergeron, JM; Crews, D, 1994)	0.29
" There was an indication that complete suppression of oestradiol and oestrone was not maintained throughout the 12-h dosing period, but the data and its interpretation are complicated by a minor diurnal rhythm in these parameters."	( Endocrine changes with the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole hydrochloride in breast cancer. Coombes, RC; Dowsett, M; Moore, J; Powles, TJ; Rubens, R; Smith, IE; Smithers, D; Trunet, PF, 1994)	0.55
" After multiple administration, plasma concentrations of estradiol at 5 hrs after the final dosage in the respective dose groups were reduced to 47."	( [Phase I study of CGS16949A--a new aromatase inhibitor. Cooperative Study Group for CGS16949A]. Abe, O; Ando, J; Enomoto, K; Fujiwara, K; Hayashi, K; Hisamatsu, K; Imoto, S; Nomura, Y; Tashiro, H; Tominaga, T, 1994)	0.29
" The present study explores more fully the effects of dosage and timing of application of CGS16949A and examines the sex-reversing potential of CGS20267, a new and reputedly more potent aromatase inhibitor."	( Making males from females: the effects of aromatase inhibitors on a parthenogenetic species of whiptail lizard. Crews, D; Wennstrom, KL, 1995)	0.29
" The log-rank test showed no statistical difference between the dosage groups."	( Therapeutic effects of the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole hydrochloride in advanced breast cancer. Bonnefoi, HR; Coombes, RC; da Luz, RJ; Dowsett, M; Houston, SJ; Powles, TJ; Rubens, RD; Smith, IE; Trunet, PF, 1996)	0.55
" Subjective toxicity was mild to moderate and appeared more frequent on the 2 mg twice daily dosing schedule."	( Fadrozole hydrochloride in postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast carcinoma. Cooper, J; Henderson, IC; Lipton, A; Miller, AA; Mulagha, MT; Navari, R, 1996)	1.74
" In two similar experiments, weanling female rats were dosed for 20 days by gavage with vehicle (0."	( Evaluation of the EDSTAC female pubertal assay in CD rats using 17beta-estradiol, steroid biosynthesis inhibitors, and a thyroid inhibitor. Carney, EW; Crissman, JW; Marty, MS, 1999)	0.3
" Recently, this assay was evaluated by several laboratories using a variety of dosing schemes."	( Evaluation of the male pubertal onset assay to detect testosterone and steroid biosynthesis inhibitors in CD rats. Carney, EW; Crissman, JW; Marty, MS, 2001)	0.31
" An unresolved question is whether Z gene dosage plays a role in avian sex determination."	( DMRT1 is upregulated in the gonads during female-to-male sex reversal in ZW chicken embryos. Katz, M; Sinclair, AH; Smith, CA, 2003)	0.32
" We examined the effect of estradiol on spatial memory in three contexts in the zebra finch: retrieval after discrimination training, retrieval after familiarization but without discrimination training, and memory acquisition, using a combination of estradiol implants and oral dosing with the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole (FAD)."	( Context-specific effects of estradiol on spatial learning and memory in the zebra finch. Rensel, MA; Roth, J; Salwiczek, L; Schlinger, BA, 2013)	0.56
" We developed a computational model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in female fathead minnows to predict dose-response and time-course (DRTC) behaviors for endocrine effects of the aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole (FAD)."	( Developing predictive approaches to characterize adaptive responses of the reproductive endocrine axis to aromatase inhibition: II. Computational modeling. Ankley, GT; Bencic, DC; Breen, M; Breen, MS; Conolly, RB; Lloyd, AL; Villeneuve, DL; Watanabe, KH, 2013)	0.58
"6-fold higher in males, reflecting a lack of dosage compensation in the homogametic sex."	( Cell-autonomous sex differences in gene expression in chicken bone marrow-derived macrophages. Clinton, M; Garcia-Morales, C; Hume, DA; McBride, D; Nandi, S; Sang, HM; Sauter, KA; Vervelde, L; Zhao, D, 2015)	0.42
" We previously developed a mechanistic computational model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in female fathead minnows exposed to a model aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole (FAD), to predict dose-response and time-course behaviors for apical reproductive endpoints."	( Computational model of the fathead minnow hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: Incorporating protein synthesis in improving predictability of responses to endocrine active chemicals. Ankley, GT; Bencic, D; Breen, M; Breen, MS; Conolly, RB; Lloyd, AL; Villeneuve, DL; Watanabe, KH, )	0.32

Class	Description
imidazopyridine
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	5.0000	0.0020	0.9818	4.7300	AID732137
Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0063	0.0001	1.7536	10.0000	AID1154701
Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0324	0.0000	1.2904	10.0000	AID1154701; AID1177641; AID1191387; AID1307752; AID1796206; AID1796252; AID1796255; AID1796260; AID242392; AID242584; AID254985; AID262709; AID268282; AID292037; AID362148; AID364739; AID387638; AID38920; AID389812; AID479369; AID482320; AID53553; AID53565; AID549787; AID586578; AID592139; AID650842; AID697748; AID699103; AID723195; AID732136
Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0009	0.0000	0.6046	9.5010	AID1855805; AID39055; AID53739; AID650843
Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0000	0.0000	2.8005	10.0000	AID1307752
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	3.0860	0.0005	0.2902	2.7800	AID1154701; AID1174662; AID1191379; AID1200851; AID1796205; AID1796252; AID1796255; AID1796260; AID179734; AID242625; AID242797; AID255080; AID262707; AID362126; AID364747; AID389806; AID586581; AID592043; AID698973; AID723194; AID732141; AID765323
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus (house mouse)	IC50 (µMol)	0.1900	0.1900	0.2000	0.2100	AID1251773
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0045	0.0001	0.2738	3.5000	AID1154700; AID1174661; AID1191378; AID1200850; AID1251772; AID1796205; AID1796252; AID1796255; AID1796260; AID242626; AID242795; AID255081; AID262708; AID362124; AID364746; AID389805; AID586582; AID592041; AID699102; AID723193; AID732140; AID765324
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.6000	0.1110	0.3555	0.6000	AID179732
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
steroid biosynthetic process	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
androgen biosynthetic process	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
glucocorticoid biosynthetic process	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
sex differentiation	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic process	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
hormone biosynthetic process	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
progesterone metabolic process	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylation	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
androgen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciol	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylation	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid biosynthetic process	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen biosynthetic process	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
androgen catabolic process	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
syncytium formation	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxis	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
sterol metabolic process	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
female genitalia development	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
mammary gland development	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
uterus development	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
prostate gland growth	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone biosynthetic process	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of estradiol secretion	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
female gonad development	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiol	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathway	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
urea metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
amide metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylation	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
glucocorticoid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressure	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
sterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
aldosterone biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hormone stimulus	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cortisol biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to potassium ion	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasis	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cortisol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cortisol biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood volume by renal aldosterone	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
renal water homeostasis	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
mineralocorticoid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
sterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
aldosterone biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hormone stimulus	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cortisol biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to potassium ion	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion homeostasis	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium ion homeostasis	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
glucocorticoid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cortisol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
steroid 17-alpha-monooxygenase activity	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen binding	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone aldolase activity	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
quinine 3-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 23-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activity	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activity	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen binding	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activity	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid 14,15-epoxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid 11,12-epoxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid 11-beta-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
corticosterone 18-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid 11-beta-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
corticosterone 18-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
endoplasmic reticulum	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
axon	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Aromatase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membrane	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membrane	Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus (house mouse)
mitochondrion	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membrane	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membrane	Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (131)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1345245	Human CYP11B2 (CYP11, CYP17, CYP19, CYP20 and CYP21 families)	2009	Analytical biochemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 394, Issue:1	Coexpression of CYP11B2 or CYP11B1 with adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase for assessing the potency and selectivity of aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID1345266	Human CYP11B1 (CYP11, CYP17, CYP19, CYP20 and CYP21 families)	2009	Analytical biochemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 394, Issue:1	Coexpression of CYP11B2 or CYP11B1 with adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase for assessing the potency and selectivity of aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID1345280	Human CYP19A1 (CYP11, CYP17, CYP19, CYP20 and CYP21 families)	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 34, Issue:2	Fadrozole hydrochloride: a potent, selective, nonsteroidal inhibitor of aromatase for the treatment of estrogen-dependent disease.
AID255400	Ratio between inhibitory concentration of cytochrome P450 11B1 to cytochrome P450 11B2	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID243993	In vitro inhibition against bovine cytochrome P450 11B with 200 uM corticosterone; nd= not determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID586582	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in Chinese hamster V79MZ cells using [1,2-3H]11-deoxycorticosterone/11-deoxycorticosterone	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazolyl derivatives of 4,7-disubstituted coumarins as aromatase inhibitors selective over 17-α-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase.
AID38920	Inhibition of human aromatase cytochrome P450 19A1 activity	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-05, Volume: 8, Issue:9	Design and synthesis of a new type of non steroidal human aromatase inhibitors.
AID592043	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells assessed as conversion of [4-14C]-11-deoxycorticosterone substrate by HPTLC assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Fine-tuning the selectivity of aldosterone synthase inhibitors: structure-activity and structure-selectivity insights from studies of heteroaryl substituted 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-4-one derivatives.
AID479369	Inhibition of human placental microsome CYP19	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 20, Issue:10	Pharmacophore modeling strategies for the development of novel nonsteroidal inhibitors of human aromatase (CYP19).
AID243989	In vitro inhibition against human placental cytochrome P450 17 expressed in Escherichia coli with 2.5 uM progesterone	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID1251772	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in renal leiomyoblastoma cells	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 58, Issue:20	Discovery of 4-Aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolines as Potent, Selective, and Orally Active Aldosterone Synthase (CYP11B2) Inhibitors: In Vivo Evaluation in Rodents and Cynomolgus Monkeys.
AID765323	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using [1,2-3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Highly potent and selective nonsteroidal dual inhibitors of CYP17/CYP11B2 for the treatment of prostate cancer to reduce risks of cardiovascular diseases.
AID699103	Inhibition of CYP19 in human placental microsomes using [1beta-3H]-androstendione as a substrate	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 55, Issue:16	Selective dual inhibitors of CYP19 and CYP11B2: targeting cardiovascular diseases hiding in the shadow of breast cancer.
AID54055	Potency relative to aminoglutethimide for the inhibition of human placental microsome aromatase (P450)	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 44, Issue:5	A new class of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors: design and synthesis of chromone and xanthone derivatives and inhibition of the P450 enzymes aromatase and 17 alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20-lyase.
AID244039	In vitro inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe incubated with 100 nM of substrate deoxy-corticosterone in presence of 500 nM of compound	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID262709	Inhibition of human placental CYP19	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 49, Issue:7	Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID1174662	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79MZ cells using [3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate after 1 hr by HPLC analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-07, Volume: 89	1-Phenylsulfinyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)naphthalen-2-ols: a new class of potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID53388	Inhibition of bovine adrenal mitochondrial Cytochrome P450 18 hydroxylase at 1 uM	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-09, Volume: 38, Issue:12	Pyridyl-substituted tetrahydrocyclopropa[a]naphthalenes: highly active and selective inhibitors of P450 arom.
AID389807	Selectivity ratio, IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID362128	Inhibition of human recombinant CYP1A2 expressed in insect microsomes at 2 uM	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID292037	Inhibition of CYP19 in human placental microsomes	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-26, Volume: 50, Issue:15	Imidazolylmethylbenzophenones as highly potent aromatase inhibitors.
AID650843	Competitive inhibition of human aromatase using dibenzylfluorescein substrate after 10 mins preincubation measured every 10 sec for 5 mins by Michaelis-Menten and Dixon plot analysis	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID364748	Selectivity ratio, IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Novel aldosterone synthase inhibitors with extended carbocyclic skeleton by a combined ligand-based and structure-based drug design approach.
AID698972	Selectivity factor, ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2 expressed in V79MZh cells	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 55, Issue:16	Selective dual inhibitors of CYP19 and CYP11B2: targeting cardiovascular diseases hiding in the shadow of breast cancer.
AID1249912	Increase in 11-deoxycortisol level in rhesus monkey plasma at 1 mg/kg, iv by LC/MS method	2015	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-13, Volume: 6, Issue:8	Discovery of Triazole CYP11B2 Inhibitors with in Vivo Activity in Rhesus Monkeys.
AID254985	Inhibitory concentration against human placental cytochrome P450 19A1 using [1-beta-3H]-androstenedione as substrate	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID765321	Inhibition of recombinant CYP3A4 (unknown origin) expressed in baculovirus-infected insect microsomes	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Highly potent and selective nonsteroidal dual inhibitors of CYP17/CYP11B2 for the treatment of prostate cancer to reduce risks of cardiovascular diseases.
AID1855805	Inhibition of aromatase in human placental microsomes	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	An overview on Estrogen receptors signaling and its ligands in breast cancer.
AID482322	Inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-22, Volume: 53, Issue:14	Novel highly potent and selective nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors: synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationships investigation.
AID387638	Inhibition of human aromatase	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	CYP19 (aromatase): exploring the scaffold flexibility for novel selective inhibitors.
AID244398	In vitro IC50 ratio against human CYP11B1 to that of human CYP11B2	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID364746	Inhibition of human adrenal corticoid CYP11B2 expressed in chinese hamster V79 MZh cells	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Novel aldosterone synthase inhibitors with extended carbocyclic skeleton by a combined ligand-based and structure-based drug design approach.
AID699102	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in V79MZh cells using [14C]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate by HPTLC/phosphoimaging method	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 55, Issue:16	Selective dual inhibitors of CYP19 and CYP11B2: targeting cardiovascular diseases hiding in the shadow of breast cancer.
AID1177641	Inhibition of human placental microsome CYP19	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 57, Issue:12	Aldosterone synthase inhibitors as promising treatments for mineralocorticoid dependent cardiovascular and renal diseases.
AID1229422	Reduction in aldosterone levels in low sodium diet fed rhesus monkey at 1 mg/kg, iv followed by 0.3 mg/kg ACTH dosing and measured 30 mins to 180 mins post ACTH administration by UPLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry	2015	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5	Discovery of Benzimidazole CYP11B2 Inhibitors with in Vivo Activity in Rhesus Monkeys.
AID362389	Tmax in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID732139	Selectivity factor, ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 56, Issue:4	Modulation of cytochromes P450 with xanthone-based molecules: from aromatase to aldosterone synthase and steroid 11β-hydroxylase inhibition.
AID242392	In vitro inhibitory concentration against human placental cytochrome P450 19 with 2.5 uM testosterone	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID549787	Inhibition of human placental CYP19 using androstenedione as substrate	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 21, Issue:1	N-(Pyridin-3-yl)benzamides as selective inhibitors of human aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2).
AID364739	Inhibition of human placental microsome CYP19	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Novel aldosterone synthase inhibitors with extended carbocyclic skeleton by a combined ligand-based and structure-based drug design approach.
AID242626	In vitro inhibition of [14C]deoxycorticosterone binding to human cytochrome P450 11B2 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID482320	Inhibition of aromatase from human placental microsomes	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-22, Volume: 53, Issue:14	Novel highly potent and selective nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors: synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationships investigation.
AID362139	Cmax in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID242797	In vitro inhibitory concentration against human CYP11B1 expressed in V79 MZh hamster fibroblasts incubated with 100 nM of substrate deoxy-corticosterone in presence of the compound	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID255080	Inhibitory concentration against human cytochrome P450 11B1 expressed in fission yeast, incubated with [14C]deoxycorticosterone	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID262707	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in V79 11B1 cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 49, Issue:7	Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID262710	Inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli at 2.5 uM	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 49, Issue:7	Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID586579	Inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli at 2.5 uM using progesterone as a substrate	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazolyl derivatives of 4,7-disubstituted coumarins as aromatase inhibitors selective over 17-α-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase.
AID732141	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using [1,2-3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 56, Issue:4	Modulation of cytochromes P450 with xanthone-based molecules: from aromatase to aldosterone synthase and steroid 11β-hydroxylase inhibition.
AID765322	Selectivity factor, ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Highly potent and selective nonsteroidal dual inhibitors of CYP17/CYP11B2 for the treatment of prostate cancer to reduce risks of cardiovascular diseases.
AID732137	Inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli co-expressing rat NADPH-P450-reductase using progesterone as substrate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 56, Issue:4	Modulation of cytochromes P450 with xanthone-based molecules: from aromatase to aldosterone synthase and steroid 11β-hydroxylase inhibition.
AID732140	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using [1,2-3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 56, Issue:4	Modulation of cytochromes P450 with xanthone-based molecules: from aromatase to aldosterone synthase and steroid 11β-hydroxylase inhibition.
AID723191	Inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli using progesterone as substrate at 2 uM	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-24, Volume: 56, Issue:2	Tetrahydropyrroloquinolinone type dual inhibitors of aromatase/aldosterone synthase as a novel strategy for breast cancer patients with elevated cardiovascular risks.
AID1200852	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 human CYP11B2	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-12, Volume: 58, Issue:5	Novel pyridyl substituted 4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolines as potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved in vitro metabolic stability.
AID1174663	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79MZ cells to IC50 for human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79MZ cells	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-07, Volume: 89	1-Phenylsulfinyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)naphthalen-2-ols: a new class of potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID1229424	Increase in 11-deoxycortisol levels in low sodium diet fed rhesus monkey at 1 mg/kg, iv followed by 0.3 mg/kg ACTH dosing and measured 30 mins to 180 mins post ACTH administration by UPLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry	2015	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5	Discovery of Benzimidazole CYP11B2 Inhibitors with in Vivo Activity in Rhesus Monkeys.
AID698973	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in V79MZh cells using [14C]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate by HPTLC/phosphoimaging method	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 55, Issue:16	Selective dual inhibitors of CYP19 and CYP11B2: targeting cardiovascular diseases hiding in the shadow of breast cancer.
AID262706	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe at 500 nM	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 49, Issue:7	Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID732136	Inhibition of human placental CYP19 using [1beta-3H]androstenedione as substrate by 3H2O-method	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 56, Issue:4	Modulation of cytochromes P450 with xanthone-based molecules: from aromatase to aldosterone synthase and steroid 11β-hydroxylase inhibition.
AID255081	Inhibitory concentration against human cytochrome P450 11B2 expressed in fission yeast, incubated with [14C]deoxycorticosterone	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID53729	Inhibition of aromatase (P450) from human placental microsomes at a concentration of 25 uM	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 44, Issue:5	A new class of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors: design and synthesis of chromone and xanthone derivatives and inhibition of the P450 enzymes aromatase and 17 alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20-lyase.
AID362127	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID262711	Selectivity for human CYP11B1 over human CYP11B2	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 49, Issue:7	Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID1251773	Inhibition of mouse CYP11B2 expressed in renal leiomyoblastoma cells	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 58, Issue:20	Discovery of 4-Aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolines as Potent, Selective, and Orally Active Aldosterone Synthase (CYP11B2) Inhibitors: In Vivo Evaluation in Rodents and Cynomolgus Monkeys.
AID1251737	Selectivity factor, ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 58, Issue:20	Discovery of 4-Aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolines as Potent, Selective, and Orally Active Aldosterone Synthase (CYP11B2) Inhibitors: In Vivo Evaluation in Rodents and Cynomolgus Monkeys.
AID1229428	Reduction in aldosterone levels in low sodium diet fed rhesus monkey at 0.3 mg/kg, iv followed by 1 mg/kg ACTH dosing and measured 30 mins to 180 mins post ACTH administration by UPLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry	2015	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5	Discovery of Benzimidazole CYP11B2 Inhibitors with in Vivo Activity in Rhesus Monkeys.
AID362126	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID53565	Inhibition of human placental microsome cytochrome P450 19A1 aromatase	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 44, Issue:5	A new class of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors: design and synthesis of chromone and xanthone derivatives and inhibition of the P450 enzymes aromatase and 17 alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20-lyase.
AID179732	In vitro inhibition of ACTH-stimulated aldosterone biosynthesis in rat adrenal slices	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-09, Volume: 38, Issue:12	Pyridyl-substituted tetrahydrocyclopropa[a]naphthalenes: highly active and selective inhibitors of P450 arom.
AID1154700	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using deoxycorticosterone as substrate	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 57, Issue:12	Novel pyridyl- or isoquinolinyl-substituted indolines and indoles as potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID1200850	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in V79 MZh cells using [14C]-deoxycorticosterone substrate incubated for 6 hrs by HPTLC method	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-12, Volume: 58, Issue:5	Novel pyridyl substituted 4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolines as potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved in vitro metabolic stability.
AID53553	In vitro inhibition of cytochrome P450 19A1	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 34, Issue:2	Fadrozole hydrochloride: a potent, selective, nonsteroidal inhibitor of aromatase for the treatment of estrogen-dependent disease.
AID242584	In vitro inhibitory concentration against human placental CYP19 incubated with 500 nM of substrate androstenedione in presence of the compound	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID592044	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Fine-tuning the selectivity of aldosterone synthase inhibitors: structure-activity and structure-selectivity insights from studies of heteroaryl substituted 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-4-one derivatives.
AID389826	Cmax in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po by cassette dosing	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID362124	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID765325	Inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli using 1,2[3H]-progesterone as substrate at 2000 nM in presence of NADPH relative to control	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Highly potent and selective nonsteroidal dual inhibitors of CYP17/CYP11B2 for the treatment of prostate cancer to reduce risks of cardiovascular diseases.
AID39055	Inhibition constant for human aromatase cytochrome P450 19A1 activity	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-05, Volume: 8, Issue:9	Design and synthesis of a new type of non steroidal human aromatase inhibitors.
AID389812	Inhibition of human placental CYP19	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID650842	Inhibition of human aromatase using dibenzylfluorescein substrate preincubated for 30 mins measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 20, Issue:7	Optimization of the aromatase inhibitory activities of pyridylthiazole analogues of resveratrol.
AID723192	Selectivity factor, ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B1 to IC50 for human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-24, Volume: 56, Issue:2	Tetrahydropyrroloquinolinone type dual inhibitors of aromatase/aldosterone synthase as a novel strategy for breast cancer patients with elevated cardiovascular risks.
AID1191378	Inhibition of CYP11B2 in human V79MZ cells using [3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate incubated for 1 hr prior to substrate addition measured after 45 mins by HPLC analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 90	Heteroatom insertion into 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones leads to potent and selective inhibitors of human and rat aldosterone synthase.
AID255339	Percent inhibition against human cytochrome P450 11B2 expressed in fission yeast, incubated with [14C]deoxycorticosterone	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID243864	In vitro inhibition of human cytochrome P450 11B2 expressed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe with 500 nM deoxy-corticosterone	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID364747	Inhibition of human adrenal corticoid CYP11B1 expressed in chinese hamster V79 MZh cells	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Novel aldosterone synthase inhibitors with extended carbocyclic skeleton by a combined ligand-based and structure-based drug design approach.
AID362148	Inhibition of human placental CYP19	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID1307752	Inhibition of aromatase (unknown origin) transfected in human MCF7 cells	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-09, Volume: 59, Issue:11	Recent Progress in the Discovery of Next Generation Inhibitors of Aromatase from the Structure-Function Perspective.
AID697748	Inhibition of human placental CYP19 using androstenedione substrate	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-26, Volume: 55, Issue:14	Novel imidazol-1-ylmethyl substituted 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-4-ones as potent and selective CYP11B1 inhibitors for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome.
AID262708	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in V79 11B2 cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 49, Issue:7	Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID1191379	Inhibition of CYP11B1 in human V79MZ cells using [3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate incubated for 1 hr prior to substrate addition measured after 25 mins by HPLC analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 90	Heteroatom insertion into 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones leads to potent and selective inhibitors of human and rat aldosterone synthase.
AID723193	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using [1,2-3H]-11-deoxy-corticosterone as substrate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-24, Volume: 56, Issue:2	Tetrahydropyrroloquinolinone type dual inhibitors of aromatase/aldosterone synthase as a novel strategy for breast cancer patients with elevated cardiovascular risks.
AID389828	AUC (0 to infinity) in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po by cassette dosing	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID362137	Terminal half life in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID723195	Inhibition of human CYP19 using [1beta-3H]androstenedione as substrate by 3H2O method	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-24, Volume: 56, Issue:2	Tetrahydropyrroloquinolinone type dual inhibitors of aromatase/aldosterone synthase as a novel strategy for breast cancer patients with elevated cardiovascular risks.
AID1174661	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79MZ cells using [3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate after 1 hr by HPLC analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-07, Volume: 89	1-Phenylsulfinyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)naphthalen-2-ols: a new class of potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID268282	Inhibition of CYP19	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Lead optimization providing a series of flavone derivatives as potent nonsteroidal inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 aromatase enzyme.
AID1191385	Inhibition of rat CYP11B2 using [3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate at 0.5 uM incubated for 1 hr prior to substrate addition measured after 7 hrs by HPLC analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 90	Heteroatom insertion into 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones leads to potent and selective inhibitors of human and rat aldosterone synthase.
AID179734	In vitro inhibition of ACTH-stimulated corticosterone biosynthesis in rat adrenal slices	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-09, Volume: 38, Issue:12	Pyridyl-substituted tetrahydrocyclopropa[a]naphthalenes: highly active and selective inhibitors of P450 arom.
AID765324	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using [1,2-3H]-11-deoxycorticosterone as substrate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Highly potent and selective nonsteroidal dual inhibitors of CYP17/CYP11B2 for the treatment of prostate cancer to reduce risks of cardiovascular diseases.
AID1191380	Selectivity factor, ratio of IC50 for CYP11B1 in human V79MZ cells to IC50 for CYP11B2 in human V79MZ cells	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 90	Heteroatom insertion into 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones leads to potent and selective inhibitors of human and rat aldosterone synthase.
AID389805	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID1154701	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using deoxycorticosterone as substrate	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 57, Issue:12	Novel pyridyl- or isoquinolinyl-substituted indolines and indoles as potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID389824	Tmax in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po by cassette dosing	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID242625	In vitro inhibition of [14C]deoxycorticosterone binding to human cytochrome P450 11B1 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID592139	Inhibition of human placental CYP19 using [1beta-3H]androstenedione substrate	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Fine-tuning the selectivity of aldosterone synthase inhibitors: structure-activity and structure-selectivity insights from studies of heteroaryl substituted 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-4-one derivatives.
AID53739	Binding affinity was measured on Cytochrome P450 19A1	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 33, Issue:11	Mechanism and inhibition of cytochrome P-450 aromatase.
AID723194	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79MZh cells using [1,2-3H]-11-deoxy-corticosterone as substrate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-24, Volume: 56, Issue:2	Tetrahydropyrroloquinolinone type dual inhibitors of aromatase/aldosterone synthase as a novel strategy for breast cancer patients with elevated cardiovascular risks.
AID1200851	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in V79 MZh cells using [14C]-deoxycorticosterone substrate incubated for 6 hrs by HPTLC method	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-12, Volume: 58, Issue:5	Novel pyridyl substituted 4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolines as potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved in vitro metabolic stability.
AID592041	Inhibition of human CYP11B2 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells assessed as conversion of [4-14C]-11-deoxycorticosterone substrate by HPTLC assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Fine-tuning the selectivity of aldosterone synthase inhibitors: structure-activity and structure-selectivity insights from studies of heteroaryl substituted 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-4-one derivatives.
AID389806	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in hamster V79 MZh cells	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID586581	Inhibition of human CYP11B1 expressed in Chinese hamster V79MZ cells using [1,2-3H]11-deoxycorticosterone/11-deoxycorticosterone	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazolyl derivatives of 4,7-disubstituted coumarins as aromatase inhibitors selective over 17-α-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase.
AID362140	AUC (0 to infinity) in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on potency and selectivity.
AID242795	In vitro inhibitory concentration against human CYP11B2 expressed in V79MZh hamster fibroblasts incubated with 100 nM of substrate deoxy-corticosterone in presence of the compound	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID292038	Inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli at 2.5 uM	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-26, Volume: 50, Issue:15	Imidazolylmethylbenzophenones as highly potent aromatase inhibitors.
AID586578	Inhibition of human placental microsome CYP19 using [1beta-3H] androstenedione as a substrate	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazolyl derivatives of 4,7-disubstituted coumarins as aromatase inhibitors selective over 17-α-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase.
AID1191387	Inhibition of human recombinant CYP19 using [1beta-3H]androstenedione as substrate	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 90	Heteroatom insertion into 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones leads to potent and selective inhibitors of human and rat aldosterone synthase.
AID389821	Terminal half life in Wistar rat at 5 mg/kg, po by cassette dosing	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	In vivo active aldosterone synthase inhibitors with improved selectivity: lead optimization providing a series of pyridine substituted 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one derivatives.
AID255299	Percent inhibition against recombinant human cytochrome P450 17A1 using progesterone	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID1154702	Selectivity factor, ratio of IC50 for human CYP11B2 to IC50 for human CYP11B1	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 57, Issue:12	Novel pyridyl- or isoquinolinyl-substituted indolines and indoles as potent and selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors.
AID244001	In vitro inhibition of human CYP17 expressed in Escherichia coli incubated with 2.5 uM of substrate progesterone in presence of 2.5 uM of compound	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347411	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347159	Primary screen GU Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347160	Primary screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1796252	CYP11B Assay from Article 10.1021/jm049600p: \\Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.\\	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of imidazolylmethylenetetrahydronaphthalenes and imidazolylmethyleneindanes: potent inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID1796206	CYP19 assay from Article 10.1021/jm0492397: \\Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.\\	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
AID1796260	CYP11B Assay from Article 10.1021/jm0503704: \\Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.\\	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Heteroaryl-substituted naphthalenes and structurally modified derivatives: selective inhibitors of CYP11B2 for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID1796255	CYP11B Assay from Article 10.1021/jm060055x: \\Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardia	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 49, Issue:7	Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-substituted dihydronaphthalenes and indenes: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) for the treatment of congestive heart failure and myocardial fibrosis.
AID1796205	CYP11B assay from Article 10.1021/jm0492397: \\Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.\\	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 48, Issue:5	Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	12 (2.80)	18.7374
1990's	152 (35.43)	18.2507
2000's	139 (32.40)	29.6817
2010's	109 (25.41)	24.3611
2020's	17 (3.96)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	32 (7.22%)	5.53%
Reviews	35 (7.90%)	6.00%
Case Studies	10 (2.26%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	366 (82.62%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	2	1	0	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
melatonin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
taurine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion	antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	2.03	1	0	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.	1.99	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
4'-bromoflavone 4'-bromoflavone: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	2.25	1	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	1.99	1	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
aminoglutethimide Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.	9.38	36	0	dicarboximide; piperidones; substituted aniline	adrenergic agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anastrozole [no description available]	8.38	19	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
acetovanillone apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.	2.02	1	0	acetophenones; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone	antirheumatic drug; EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug; plant metabolite
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	2.03	1	0	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	2.04	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
beta-naphthoflavone beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308). beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone.	1.99	1	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist
bicalutamide bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.	2.11	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; sulfone; tertiary alcohol
candesartan candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.	2.15	1	0	benzimidazolecarboxylic acid; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	1.98	1	0	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carmofur [no description available]	3.1	1	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	1.98	1	0	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
clotrimazole [no description available]	2.05	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	2.44	2	0
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	4.19	5	0	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.	3.27	6	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
furafylline [no description available]	2.96	4	0	oxopurine
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	3.79	2	1	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
glutethimide Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.	2.38	2	0	piperidines
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.	2.04	1	0	cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	6.12	23	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	2.03	1	0	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
letrozole [no description available]	10.97	28	2	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	1.98	1	0	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.	2.95	4	0	aromatic ketone	antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	3.1	5	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
masoprocol nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)	2.05	1	0	catechols; lignan; tetrol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; plant metabolite
pamidronate [no description available]	1.99	1	0	phosphonoacetic acid
sulfaphenazole Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.	2.96	4	0	primary amino compound; pyrazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.	2.4	2	0	mitomycin	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
corticosterone [no description available]	3.43	7	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	3.79	3	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	2.01	1	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	3.58	8	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
aldosterone [no description available]	9.42	26	3	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	7.56	20	8	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
androsterone [no description available]	3.38	1	1	17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; C19-steroid	androgen; anticonvulsant; human blood serum metabolite; human metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; pheromone
dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.	7.92	4	0	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	2.01	1	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.05	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	2.02	1	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	3.34	6	0	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.	2.13	1	0	steroid ester
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	3.23	6	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
methyltestosterone Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.	3.28	6	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone	anabolic agent; androgen; antineoplastic agent
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.	2.31	1	0	tetrachlorophenol	xenobiotic metabolite
bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	2.03	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.	15.88	46	1	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	4.07	3	1	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	2.69	3	0	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	2	1	0	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.	1.97	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; progestin
medroxyprogesterone acetate [no description available]	3.78	3	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; steroid ester	adjuvant; androgen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; female contraceptive drug; inhibitor; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	2.07	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	2.02	1	0	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	1.98	1	0	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
bisphenol a 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.	7.46	2	0	bisphenol	endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic; xenoestrogen
2,4-dichlorophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol: RN given refers to unlabeled parent+ cpd; structure. 2,4-dichlorophenol : A dichlorophenol that is phenol carrying chloro substituents at positions 2 and 4.	2.31	1	0	dichlorophenol
pregnenolone [no description available]	1.99	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; C21-steroid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	2.41	1	0	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	2.03	1	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	2.53	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
3-acetylpyridine 3-acetylpyridine: inhibits tremors	2.01	1	0	aromatic ketone
cyproterone acetate [no description available]	2.41	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; chlorinated steroid; steroid ester	androgen antagonist; geroprotector; progestin
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.	2.42	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid	antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist
medroxyprogesterone [no description available]	1.99	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.	9.21	17	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
flavone flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2.	2.05	1	0	flavones	metabolite; nematicide
18-hydroxycorticosterone [no description available]	3.32	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
formestane [no description available]	9.23	31	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enol; hydroxy steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
megestrol acetate [no description available]	7.26	7	5	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; steroid ester	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
alpha-naphthoflavone alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).	3.5	2	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	2.03	1	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
dihydrotestosterone propionate dihydrotestosterone propionate: RN given refers to (5alpha,17beta)-isomer; structure	2.13	1	0
1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione: structure. androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione : A steroid that consists of androstane having double bonds at positions 1 and 4 and two keto groups at positions 3 and 17.	3.07	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1) steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid
testolactone Testolactone: An antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and used to treat advanced breast cancer.	2.68	3	0	3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; seco-androstane
amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.	2.08	1	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
4-chlorobiphenyl 4-chlorobiphenyl : A monochlorobiphenyl carrying a chloro substituent at position 4.	2.03	1	0	monochlorobiphenyl
doxifluridine doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.	8.79	3	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
megestrol Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.	9.98	3	3	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
zinc sulfate Zinc Sulfate: A compound given in the treatment of conditions associated with zinc deficiency such as acrodermatitis enteropathica. Externally, zinc sulfate is used as an astringent in lotions and eye drops. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995). zinc sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having zinc(2+) as the counterion.	2.02	1	0	metal sulfate; zinc molecular entity	fertilizer
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	2.02	1	0	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
7-ethoxycoumarin 7-ethoxycoumarin : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by an ethoxy group.	1.99	1	0	aromatic ether; coumarins
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	2	1	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
vinclozolin vinclozolin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-vinclozolin. A fungicide used mainly on oilseed rape, vines, fruit and vegetables to control Botrytis, Sclerotinia and Monilia spp.. 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione in which the imide hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group.	2.03	1	0	dicarboximide; dichlorobenzene; olefinic compound; oxazolidinone
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	1.99	1	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
propiconazole Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.	2.13	1	0	conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
staurosporine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound	apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	1.99	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist
raloxifene hydrochloride Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride.	1.98	1	0	hydrochloride	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	2.42	2	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
rogletimide [no description available]	4.28	3	0
atamestane atamestane: aromatase inhibitor; structure given in first source	3.77	3	0
finasteride Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.	3.63	9	0	3-oxo steroid; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	androgen antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
aromasil [no description available]	6.57	10	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
liarozole liarozole: inhibits all-trans-retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase; effective against hormone-dependent and hormone-independent tumors; R 75251 is chlorohydrate of R 61405; a potent inhibitor of retinoic acid metabolism; USAN name - liarozole fumarate	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles
valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.	2.07	1	0	biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
mespirenone mespirenone: structure given in first source	2.1	1	0
trenbolone acetate Trenbolone Acetate: An anabolic steroid used mainly as an anabolic agent in veterinary practice.	3.46	7	0	steroid ester
2-methoxyestradiol 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	11.19	35	2	1,2,3-triazole
dehydroleucodine dehydroleucodine: has antimicrobial activity; RN given refers to (3aS-(3aalpha,9aalpha,9bbeta))-isomer	2.05	1	0
prochloraz Mirage: a feldspathic porcelain that can be etched & bonded to the tooth. prochloraz : A member of the class of ureas that is 1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide substituted by a propyl and a 2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl group at the amino nitrogen atom. A fungicide active against a wide range of diseases affecting field crops, fruit, turf and vegetables.	2.97	4	0	amide fungicide; aromatic ether; conazole fungicide; imidazole fungicide; imidazoles; trichlorobenzene; ureas	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol.	2	1	0	iditol	fungal metabolite
equol Equol: A non-steroidal ESTROGEN generated when soybean products are metabolized by certain bacteria in the intestines.	3.51	1	0	hydroxyisoflavans
hydroxyflutamide [no description available]	1.99	1	0
19-norandrostenedione 19-norandrostenedione: structure	6.98	1	0	3-oxo steroid
2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile: a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist or modulator. also called DPN compound. 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionitrile : A nitrile that is acetonitrile in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group while a second hydrogen is replaced by a 4-hydroxybenzyl group. It is a specific agonist for estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta).	3.51	1	0	nitrile; phenols	estrogen receptor agonist
fulvestrant Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.	5.35	10	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid: structure in first source	2	1	0	polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione: blocks aromatization of testosterone to estradiol; aromatase antagonist. androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione : An androstanoid that is androsta-1,4,6-triene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17.	4.2	5	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; androstanoid	EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite
benzamil [no description available]	2.08	1	0	guanidines; pyrazines
liquiritigenin liquiritigenin: structure given in first source; isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium. 4',7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7.. liquiritigenin : A dihydroxyflavanone compound having the two hydroxy substituents at the 4'- and 7-positions. Isolated from the root of Glycyrrhizae uralensis, it is a selective agonist for oestrogen receptor beta.	3.51	1	0	4',7-dihydroxyflavanone	hormone agonist; plant metabolite
tetrahydroaldosterone tetrahydroaldosterone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,11beta)-isomer	2.89	1	0	steroid lactone
7-(4'-amino)phenylthioandrostenedione [no description available]	2.68	3	0
cgp 47645 leflutrozole: structure given in first source	2.68	3	0
7-((4'-aminophenyl)thio)-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione 7-((4'-aminophenyl)thio)-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione: structure given in first source	3.51	1	0
omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.	2.07	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
abiraterone [no description available]	2.77	3	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; pyridines	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.9 (steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase) inhibitor
docetaxel anhydrous Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.	2	1	0	secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
androst-4-ene-3,6,17-trione [no description available]	1.99	1	0
ly 56110 LY 56110: structure given in first source	3.07	1	0
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	2.07	1	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	3	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
10-thiirane-4-estrene-3,17-dione 10-thiirane-4-estrene-3,17-dione: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (19R)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 1/89	2.4	2	0
ym 511 YM 511: a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
2-hydroxyestradiol 2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2.	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-hydroxy steroid	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	2.1	1	0
naringenin (S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.	2.05	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; naringenin	expectorant; plant metabolite
tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of Serine Endopeptidases. Acts as alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process.. N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone : The N-tosyl derivative of L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone.	2.07	1	0	alpha-chloroketone; sulfonamide	alkylating agent; serine proteinase inhibitor
cortodoxone Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.	1.99	1	0	deoxycortisol; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	3.14	5	0	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
eplerenone Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	3.6	8	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; epoxy steroid; gamma-lactone; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; steroid acid ester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	2.11	1	0	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	2.07	1	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.	2	1	0	butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.	2.02	1	0	olefinic compound; polyphenol	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen
h 89 N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2	1	0	N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
afimoxifene afimoxifene : A tertiary amino compound that is tamoxifen in which the phenyl group which is in a Z- relationship to the ethyl substituent is hydroxylated at the para- position. It is the active metabolite of tamoxifen.	3.23	1	0	phenols; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor antagonist; metabolite
ketoconazole (2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.	2.43	2	0	cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
ravuconazole ER 30346: structure in first source. ravuconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-butyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in which the butyl group is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 3 by hydroxy, 2,4-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively (the R,R stereoisomer). It exhibits antifungal activity by inhibition of 14alpha demethylase, an enzyme involved in sterol synthesis, resulting in lysis of the fungal cell wall and fungal cell death. (NCIO4)	2.11	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; fluorobenzenes; nitrile; tertiary alcohol; triazoles	antifungal drug; antileishmanial agent; EC 1.14.14.154 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor
posaconazole [no description available]	2.11	1	0	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxolanes; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	trypanocidal drug
bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.	2.15	1	0	2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
canrenoic acid Canrenoic Acid: A synthetic pregnadiene derivative with anti-aldosterone activity.	2.04	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid
quinidine sulfate [no description available]	2.02	1	0
propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.	2	1	0	pyrimidinethione	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antimetabolite; antioxidant; antithyroid drug; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; hormone antagonist
etomidate Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.	2.44	2	0	ethyl ester; imidazoles	intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
4-fluoro-N-(3-pyridinyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.06	1	0	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
4-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzonitrile [no description available]	1.97	1	0	benzenes; nitrile
tamoxifen [no description available]	9.66	23	5	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
nadp [no description available]	1.98	1	0
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	5.38	5	3	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
toremifene Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.	4.01	2	0	aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amine	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
quercetin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	3.55	2	0	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.	2	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
biochanin a [no description available]	2.05	1	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	2.05	1	0	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
genistein [no description available]	3.61	2	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
chrysin chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.	2.05	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; dihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
daidzein [no description available]	3.51	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
7-hydroxyflavone 7-hydroxyflavone : A hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group.	2.05	1	0	hydroxyflavonoid
4',7-dihydroxyflavone 4',7-dihydroxyflavone: inducer of nod gene. 4',7-dihydroxyflavone : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7.	2.05	1	0	dihydroxyflavone	metabolite
domoic acid domoic acid: kainic acid analog, heterocyclic amino acid from seaweed; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. domoic acid : An L-proline derivative that is L-proline substituted by a carboxymethyl group at position 3 and a 6-carboxyhepta-2,4-dien-2-yl group at position 4. It is produced by the diatomic algal Pseudo-nitzschia. It is an analogue of kainic acid and a neurotoxin which causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).	2	1	0	L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid; tricarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; hapten; marine metabolite; neuromuscular agent; neurotoxin
11-ketotestosterone 11-ketotestosterone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 11-oxotestosterone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is testosterone carrying an additional oxo substituent at position 11.	3.13	5	0	11-oxo steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
cyproterone Cyproterone: An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (CYPROTERONE ACETATE), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.	1.98	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; chlorinated steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	androgen antagonist
irosustat irosustat: Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; a tricyclic sulfamate ester; structure in first source	3.51	1	0
dexmedetomidine [no description available]	2.11	1	0	medetomidine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; non-narcotic analgesic; sedative
endomorphin 2 endomorphin 2: isolated from bovine brain	2.15	1	0
goserelin Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.	3.5	2	0	organic molecular entity
onapristone onapristone: induces vaginal bleeding and luteal regression in monkeys; structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist	1.99	1	0
6,7-dihydroxyflavone 6,7-dihydroxyflavone: intensifies effect of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).	2.07	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	2.02	1	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
beta-escin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
17-n,n-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-azaandrostane-3-one 17-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-azaandrostane-3-one: inhibitor of testosterone 5-alpha reductase, receptor binding & nuclear uptake of androgens in the prostate	1.98	1	0
vorozole vorozole: structure given in first source; vorozole/R 83842 is ((+)/dextro-isomer), RN 129731-10-8; R 83839 ((-)/levo-isomer)	7.02	10	0	benzotriazoles
4-hydroxy-n-desmethyltamoxifen 4-hydroxy-N-desmethyltamoxifen: metabolite of tamoxifen in human bile	3.23	1	0	stilbenoid
losigame losigame: tetronic acid derivative	2	1	0
4-(2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)phenol 4-(2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)phenol: a selective estrogen receptor modulator	2.15	1	0	pyrazoles; ring assembly
ludartin ludartin: a TRPA1 channel activator; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
cosyntropin Cosyntropin: A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of CORTICOSTEROIDS in the ADRENAL CORTEX.. cosyntropin : A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin). A segment similar in all species, it contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex. It is used diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency.	3.77	2	1
adrenocorticotropin zinc [no description available]	1.97	1	0
neuropeptide y Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones.	2.02	1	0
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	2.68	3	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
trelstar Triptorelin Pamoate: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-tryptophan substitution at residue 6.	2.01	1	0
lhrh, n-acetyl-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(1)-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(2)-tryptophyl(3)-arginyl(6)-alanine(10)- LHRH, N-acetyl-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(1)-(4-chlorophenylalanyl)(2)-tryptophyl(3)-arginyl(6)-alanine(10)-: gonadorelin antagonist	1.99	1	0
deslorelin deslorelin: Ovuplant is tradename for a short-term-release implant containing deslorelin acetate; RN given refers to D-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/90	2.01	1	0	oligopeptide
triiodothyronine, reverse Triiodothyronine, Reverse: A metabolite of THYROXINE, formed by the peripheral enzymatic monodeiodination of T4 at the 5 position of the inner ring of the iodothyronine nucleus.. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion : Zwitterionic form of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine.	2.01	1	0	3,3',5'-triiodothyronine; amino acid zwitterion
osilodrostat Osilodrostat: an orally active aldosterone-synthase inhibitor	5.62	8	0
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	2.43	2	0
vasoactive intestinal peptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).	2.04	1	0
heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.	1.99	1	0
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	2.4	2	0	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.	1.98	1	0
bassianolide bassianolide: cyclodepsipeptide from mycelia of Beauveria bassiana; inhibits isotonic contractions induced by acetylcholine. bassianolide : A cyclodepsipeptide consisting of a cyclic tetramer of the depsipeptide D-Hiv-N-methyl-L-leucine (where D-Hiv = D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid). Found in the fungal species Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii, it has insecticidal properties and is used as a commercial biopesticide to control of insects of agricultural, veterinary and medical significance. For elucidation of the structure, see Suzuki et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1977 v25, 2167-2170.	2.05	1	0	cyclodepsipeptide; cyclooctadepsipeptide	antineoplastic agent; fungal metabolite; insecticide
transforming growth factor alpha Transforming Growth Factor alpha: An EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR related protein that is found in a variety of tissues including EPITHELIUM, and maternal DECIDUA. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form which binds to the EGF RECEPTOR.	1.98	1	0

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	5.99	10	1
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	4.44	22	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	4.97	5	0
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	3.13	5	0
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	9.97	5	0
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	8.13	5	0
Breast Cancer [description not available]	15.02	80	26
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	15.02	80	26
Cushing's Syndrome [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Cushing Syndrome A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.	2.07	1	0
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	3.15	5	0
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	3.32	2	0
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	3.32	2	0
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	2.1	1	0
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	3.34	6	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	2.25	1	0
Reproductive Sterility [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Infertility A reduced or absent capacity to reproduce.	2.6	1	0
Hospital-Acquired Condition [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	5.05	5	0
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	5.05	5	0
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	2.25	1	0
Feminization Development of female secondary SEX CHARACTERISTICS in the MALE. It is due to the effects of estrogenic metabolites of precursors from endogenous or exogenous sources, such as ADRENAL GLANDS or therapeutic drugs.	2.47	2	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	3.02	4	0
Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	3.61	3	0
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	3.02	4	0
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	2.15	1	0
Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available]	2.15	1	0
MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available]	2.15	1	0
Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)	2.15	1	0
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	2.15	1	0
Brain Injuries, Penetrating [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Aggression Behavior which may be manifested by destructive and attacking action which is verbal or physical, by covert attitudes of hostility or by obstructionism.	8.3	6	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	10.27	12	1
Ambiguous Genitalia [description not available]	4.27	18	0
Disorders of Sex Development In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.	4.27	18	0
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.11	1	0
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	2.11	1	0
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	3.13	5	0
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available]	3.43	7	0
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.	3.43	7	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	2.13	1	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	2.13	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	2.13	1	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	2.13	1	0
Left Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available]	2.04	1	0
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available]	2.04	1	0
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.	2.04	1	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	4.3	4	1
Aldosteronism [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Hyperaldosteronism A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA.	2.05	1	0
Atherogenesis [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.	2.05	1	0
Neovascularization, Optic Disc [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Retinal Neovascularization Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.	2.07	1	0
Metastase [description not available]	6.32	7	6
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	6.32	7	6
Coenuri Infection [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Cysticercosis Infection with CYSTICERCUS, the larval form of the various tapeworms of the genus Taenia (usually T. solium in man). In humans they penetrate the intestinal wall and invade subcutaneous tissue, brain, eye, muscle, heart, liver, lung, and peritoneum. Brain involvement results in NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS.	2.01	1	0
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	5	3	3
Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available]	6.86	7	4
Fibroid [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Cancer of the Uterus [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Leiomyoma A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.	2.01	1	0
Menopause The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.	7.25	11	4
Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.	2.01	1	0
Adiadochokinesis [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Cerebellar Ataxia Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)	2.01	1	0
Body Weight, Fetal [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Albright Syndrome [description not available]	7.01	1	0
Familial Precocious Puberty [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic FIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF BONE affecting several bones. When melanotic pigmentation (CAFE-AU-LAIT SPOTS) and multiple endocrine hyperfunction are additionally associated it is referred to as Albright syndrome.	2.01	1	0
Puberty, Precocious Development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations below the mean age at onset of PUBERTY in the population. This early maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis results in sexual precocity, elevated serum levels of GONADOTROPINS and GONADAL STEROID HORMONES such as ESTRADIOL and TESTOSTERONE.	2.01	1	0
Hematoma A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.	2.02	1	0
Wounds, Penetrating Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin.	2.02	1	0
Astrocytosis [description not available]	2.43	2	0
Cranial Nerve I Injury [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	5.78	4	2
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	10.78	4	2
Hormone-Dependent Neoplasms [description not available]	9.45	11	3
Hypokalemia Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)	2.03	1	0
Adrenocortical Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic (ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism (CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.	2.03	1	0
Genetic Predisposition [description not available]	3.43	1	1
Canine Hip Dysplasia [description not available]	3.43	1	1
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	3.09	5	0
Cancer of Pituitary [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Animal Mammary Carcinoma [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	3.09	5	0
Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.	1.98	1	0
Emesis [description not available]	4.7	2	1
Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.	6.12	4	3
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.	4.7	2	1
Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA.	3.37	1	1
Flushing A transient reddening of the face that may be due to fever, certain drugs, exertion, or stress.	3.37	1	1
Endometrioma An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst.	3.32	2	0
Endometriosis A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.	8.32	2	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	1.99	1	0
Leukemia P388 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.	1.99	1	0
Bone Cancer [description not available]	4.07	3	1
Neoplasms, Pleural [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.	4.07	3	1
Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Hypogonadism Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ cell maturation, and development of secondary sex characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).	1.99	1	0
Lymph Node Metastasis [description not available]	3.09	5	0
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Choriocarcinoma A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).	1.99	1	0
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	1.99	1	0
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.	2.41	2	0
Pleural Effusion, Malignant Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions often contain actual malignant cells.	2	1	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	3.38	1	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	3.38	1	1
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	2.4	2	0
Bone Loss, Perimenopausal [description not available]	2	1	0
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.	2	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.91	1	0
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	2	1	0
Hair Diseases Diseases affecting the orderly growth and persistence of hair.	2	1	0
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	2	1	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2	1	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	2	1	0
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	2	1	0
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	2	1	0
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.	2	1	0
Bilateral Headache [description not available]	2.92	1	0
Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.	2.92	1	0
Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available]	2.37	2	0
Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.	2.37	2	0
Adrenal Cancer [description not available]	2.88	1	0

fadrozole

Description

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Synonyms (65)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

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Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (8)

Inhibition Measurements

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Molecular Functions (35)

Ceullar Components (10)

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Studies (429)

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Research Demand Index: 33.27

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fadrozole

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (65)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (8)

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (60)

Molecular Functions (35)

Ceullar Components (10)

Bioassays (131)

Research

Studies (429)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 33.27

Study Types

Related Drugs (204)

Related Conditions (131)