Roles > persistent organic pollutant
Page last updated: 2024-08-05 14:42:22

persistent organic pollutant

Any environmental contaminant that is resistant to environmental degradation through photolytic, biological or chemical processes. Such substances can have significant impact on health and the environment, as they persist in the environment, bioaccumulate in animal tissue and so biomagnify in food chains.

ChEBI ID: 77853

Members (15)

MemberDefinitionClass
4-bromophenolA bromophenol containing only hydroxy and bromo substituents that are para to one another.4-bromophenol
chlordanchlordane
chlordeconeAn organochlorine compound with insecticidal activity.chlordecone
ddtA chlorophenylethane that is 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-diphenylethane substituted by additional chloro substituents at positions 4 of the phenyl substituents. It is a commonly used organochlorine insecticide.DDT
dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethyleneA chlorophenylethylene that is ethylene substituted by two 4-chlorophenyl groups at position 1 and two chlorine atoms at position 2.DDE
endosulfanA cyclic sulfite ester that is 1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine 3-oxide substituted by chloro groups at positions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 10.endosulfan
heptachlorA cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene substituted by chlorine atoms at positions 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 8. Formerly used to kill termites, ants and other insects in agricultural and domestic situations.heptachlor
hexachlorobenzeneA member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.hexachlorobenzene
mirexmirex
pentachlorobenzeneA member of the class of pentachlorobenzenes that is benzene in which five of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. Now classed as a persistent organic pollutant under the Stockholm Convention.pentachlorobenzene
perfluoro-n-nonanoic acidA fluoroalkanoic acid that is nonanoic acid in which all of the hydrogens in the alkyl chain are replaced by fluorines.perfluorononanoic acid
perfluorooctane sulfonic acidA perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid that is octane-1-sulfonic acid in which all seventeen of the hydrogens that are attached to carbons hvae been replaced by fluorines.perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid
perfluorooctanesulfonamideA perfluorinated compound that is perfluorooctane in which one of the terminal fluorines has been replace by a sulfamoyl group.perfluorooctanesulfonamide
pyreneAn ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.pyrene
triclosanAn aromatic ether that is phenol which is substituted at C-5 by a chloro group and at C-2 by a 2,4-dichlorophenoxy group. It is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in personal care products such as soaps, skin creams, toothpaste and deodorants as well as in household items such as plastic chopping boards, sports equipment and shoes.triclosan

Research

Studies (20,424)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-19906,883 (33.70)18.7374
1990's1,532 (7.50)18.2507
2000's4,016 (19.66)29.6817
2010's6,159 (30.16)24.3611
2020's1,834 (8.98)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials417 (1.71%)5.53%
Reviews888 (3.64%)6.00%
Case Studies122 (0.50%)4.05%
Observational16 (0.07%)0.25%
Other22,957 (94.09%)84.16%

Protein Targets (161)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.217213
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.697812
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency11.220211
acetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)Potency53.582635
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency51.7838226
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.651412
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.220211
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.40701196
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency60.706236
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.045214
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.045214
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2BHomo sapiens (human)Potency50.118712
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency63.203417
caspase-3Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency68.573519
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency63.203417
Caspase-7Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency68.573519
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency60.1040339
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.165623
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency5.011911
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency31.622811
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency26.504713
Chain A, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622822
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3AHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.456512
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency44.668411
Chain B, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622822
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency63.342513
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.362714
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.370212
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.7836218
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.438626
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency38.9940114
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency81.547812
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.833611
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency42.463012115
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.1887331
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency42.14351096
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.651412
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency42.8630545
Fumarate hydrataseHomo sapiens (human)Potency63.095711
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency2.362714
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
GALC proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.498712
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.783619
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.408625
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.6316331
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.325312
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency43.3398550
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency47.132018
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency48.8482230
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency31.622812
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency92.6148226
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.362714
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency47.4126228
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency60.151814
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.734712
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.362718
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.251211
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.251211
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.799525
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency58.728516
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.550613
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency16.896219
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform IHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency53.507623
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.199511
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.454224
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency42.7435450
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency48.903214
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency52.3181225
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.192118
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency27.005012
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.7634333
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency67.740612
ParkinHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.183811
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency10.181511
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency42.2732531
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency40.319913
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency44.8757526
PINK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.183811
polyproteinZika virusPotency63.095711
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.387211
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.2804110
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.9307227
pregnane X receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency60.709716
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.5683227
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency37.8226232
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency46.1447344
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.4616435
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810712
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency55.9438210
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency55.9438210
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.815812
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency10.000011
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.7682212
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency100.000011
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency32.7643343
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency45.3794413
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.7093654
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.437728
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.4622230
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency48.5540520
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency47.132018
VprHuman immunodeficiency virus 1Potency56.234111

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5048.250011
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 3 Escherichia coliIC50850.000011
Androgen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5015.440016
Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.400011
Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.060011
Chain A, enoyl-acyl carrier reductasePlasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)Ki0.050013
Chain C, enoyl-acyl carrier reductasePlasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)Ki0.050013
Cytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.041022
Cytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)IC500.007011
Cytochrome P450 1B1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.002022
DNA gyrase subunit AEscherichia coli K-12IC501,000.000011
DNA gyrase subunit BEscherichia coli K-12IC501,000.000011
Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiPHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvIC502.871288
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvKi0.210044
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis SCHU S4IC504.330055
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] FabIBacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168IC500.500011
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] FabIEscherichia coli K-12IC502.9579812
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] FabIHaemophilus influenzae Rd KW20IC507.642524
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADPH] FabIStaphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MRSA252IC502.60491014
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADPH] FabIStaphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MRSA252Ki0.000011
Enoyl-ACP reductase II Streptococcus pneumoniaeIC5032.000022
Enoyl-acyl carrier reductaseToxoplasma gondiiIC500.016733
Enoyl-acyl-carrier protein reductase Plasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC500.087288
Enoyl-acyl-carrier protein reductase Plasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)Ki0.05541717
Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)IC500.585022
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12Homo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15Homo sapiens (human)IC5055.000011
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2IC5075.000011
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusIC5075.000011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)IC5053.500011

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Chain A, RepressorStenotrophomonas maltophiliaKd0.630011
Estrogen receptorOvis aries (sheep)Kd0.490011
Estrogen receptor betaOvis aries (sheep)Kd0.490011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Kd144.000011

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
heat shock protein 90, putativePlasmodium falciparum 3D7AC505.237012
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)AC505.266012
twin arginine protein translocation system - TatA proteinEscherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655AC501.060011
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