A hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics in mammals by binding to oestrogen receptors. The oestrogens are named for their importance in the oestrous cycle. The oestrogens that occur naturally in the body, notably estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol are steroids. Other compounds with oestrogenic activity are produced by plants (phytoestrogens) and fungi (mycoestrogens); synthetic compounds with oestrogenic activity are known as xenoestrogens.
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|
| (10R,13S,17R)-17-ethynyl-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one | | (10R,13S,17R)-17-ethynyl-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one |
| (13S)-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one | | (13S)-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one |
| (8R,9S,13S,14R,17R)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol | | (8R,9S,13S,14R,17R)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol |
| 17-desoxyestradiol | A 3-hydroxy steroid resulting from deoxygenation at position 17 of estradiol or estrone. | estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3-ol |
| 4-hydroxyestrone | A 4-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. | 4-hydroxyestrone |
| 4-methoxyestradiol | A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a methoxy group. | 4-methoxy-17beta-estradiol |
| 7-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone | An androstanoid that is dehydroepiandrosterone carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at the 7alpha-position. | 7alpha-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone |
| alfatradiol | An estradiol that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17 (the 17alpha stereoisomer). | 17alpha-estradiol |
| epiestriol | | 13-methyl-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,16,17-triol |
| estetrol | A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol which has been substituted at the 15alpha and 16alpha positions by two additional hydroxy groups. It is a natural estrogen produced exclusively during pregnancy by the fetal liver. | estetrol |
| estriol | A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3-ol substituted by additional hydroxy groups at positions 16 and 17 (16alpha,17beta-stereoisomer). | estriol |
| estriol 3-glucuronide | A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is the 3-beta-D-glucuronide of estriol; a steroid hormone ligand recognised by the monoclonal antibody 4155. | estriol 3-O-(beta-D-glucuronide) |
| estrone | A 17-oxo steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by an hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. | estrone |
| ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate | A steroid sulfate that is 17alpha-ethynylestradiol in which the phenolic hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a sulfo group. | 17alpha-ethynylestradiol 3-sulfate |
| gestodene | | gestodene |
| methylestrenolone | | Normethandrolone |
| norgestrienone | | norgestrienone |
| unden | | 3-hydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|
| acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 43.6486 | 1 | 1 |
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.1380 | 1 | 1 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.9017 | 11 | 58 |
| arylsulfatase A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.9528 | 1 | 1 |
| ATAD5 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.7213 | 2 | 3 |
| Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.1995 | 2 | 2 |
| caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.1680 | 1 | 2 |
| caspase-3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.1680 | 1 | 2 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.9401 | 2 | 4 |
| Chain A, Beta-lactamase | Escherichia coli K-12 | Potency | 44.6684 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.3096 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain B, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.3096 | 1 | 1 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 2C9, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.6645 | 1 | 3 |
| cytochrome P450 2D6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 34.6713 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.9953 | 2 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.7619 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 52.7986 | 1 | 2 |
| DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| endonuclease IV | Escherichia coli | Potency | 31.6228 | 1 | 1 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.2385 | 11 | 41 |
| estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.9607 | 3 | 19 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.3526 | 6 | 19 |
| euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.3096 | 1 | 1 |
| EWS/FLI fusion protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 12.7028 | 4 | 8 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.3667 | 1 | 2 |
| Fumarate hydratase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.4850 | 1 | 1 |
| G | Vesicular stomatitis virus | Potency | 3.6645 | 1 | 3 |
| GABA theta subunit | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| GALC protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.6310 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 1.9953 | 1 | 1 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.5181 | 2 | 2 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.6656 | 2 | 16 |
| glp-1 receptor, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.7783 | 1 | 1 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.8313 | 3 | 10 |
| glucokinase regulatory protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 42.5603 | 1 | 2 |
| hexokinase-4 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Histone H2A.x | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 18.5196 | 2 | 2 |
| HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.6645 | 1 | 3 |
| Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.6645 | 1 | 6 |
| Inositol monophosphatase 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 3.5481 | 1 | 1 |
| Interferon beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.2168 | 3 | 7 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.0975 | 2 | 2 |
| Luciferase | Photinus pyralis (common eastern firefly) | Potency | 39.9149 | 1 | 1 |
| Microtubule-associated protein tau | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.1254 | 1 | 1 |
| NFKB1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.9811 | 2 | 2 |
| nonstructural protein 1 | Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1)) | Potency | 4.4668 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 40.6682 | 2 | 5 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.5821 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.0525 | 1 | 2 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.1243 | 3 | 8 |
| parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.3834 | 1 | 2 |
| peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 2.6855 | 1 | 1 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.6691 | 2 | 3 |
| plasminogen precursor | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 10.2663 | 1 | 2 |
| polyprotein | Zika virus | Potency | 23.4850 | 1 | 1 |
| PPM1D protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 37.0259 | 1 | 2 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.3506 | 2 | 8 |
| pregnane X receptor | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.2704 | 3 | 10 |
| Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 112.2020 | 1 | 1 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 25.7871 | 2 | 12 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.4360 | 2 | 14 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.6323 | 2 | 4 |
| SMAD family member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.8325 | 1 | 1 |
| SMAD family member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.8325 | 1 | 1 |
| Spike glycoprotein | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.4668 | 1 | 1 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.9369 | 2 | 5 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 30.8784 | 2 | 8 |
| thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.3381 | 4 | 7 |
| transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.0795 | 1 | 1 |
| urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 10.2663 | 1 | 2 |
| urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 10.2663 | 1 | 2 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.7783 | 1 | 1 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 20.0593 | 2 | 3 |
| vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.6822 | 1 | 1 |
| Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 42.5603 | 1 | 2 |