An EC 4.1.1.* (carboxy-lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28).
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|
| benserazide | A carbohydrazide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of DL-serine with the primary amino group of 4-(hydrazinylmethyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as its hydrochloride salt as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide has no antiparkinson actions when given alone. | benserazide |
| benserazide hydrochloride | A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of benserazide. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide hydrochloride has no antiparkinson actions when given alone. | benserazide hydrochloride |
| carbidopa | 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa. | carbidopa (anhydrous) |
| carbidopa | The hydrate of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa. | carbidopa |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|
| 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.1272 | 1 | 3 |
| 15-lipoxygenase, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.9811 | 1 | 1 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.3631 | 1 | 6 |
| apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1 | Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 | Potency | 5.7457 | 1 | 2 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.0529 | 3 | 3 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.2854 | 2 | 2 |
| arylsulfatase A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.3808 | 1 | 1 |
| ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase | Trypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927 | Potency | 4.8347 | 2 | 2 |
| bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.4668 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.4994 | 1 | 5 |
| Chain A, Beta-lactamase | Escherichia coli K-12 | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.8906 | 2 | 2 |
| Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 44.7164 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.7827 | 1 | 3 |
| Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase | Giardia intestinalis | Potency | 12.6566 | 1 | 6 |
| Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.3026 | 1 | 3 |
| Chain B, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.8906 | 2 | 2 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 40.7083 | 2 | 3 |
| cytochrome P450 2C9, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.4448 | 1 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450 2D6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 43.6486 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 2 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.1116 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.3332 | 1 | 1 |
| D(1A) dopamine receptor | Sus scrofa (pig) | Potency | 23.2809 | 1 | 1 |
| DNA polymerase beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 40.4367 | 1 | 3 |
| DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.4548 | 1 | 3 |
| endonuclease IV | Escherichia coli | Potency | 27.9443 | 1 | 2 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.5909 | 1 | 1 |
| euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.7343 | 1 | 5 |
| EWS/FLI fusion protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.5172 | 4 | 4 |
| flap endonuclease 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 19.9526 | 1 | 1 |
| G | Vesicular stomatitis virus | Potency | 25.4448 | 1 | 2 |
| GABA theta subunit | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.7550 | 2 | 4 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.3086 | 1 | 1 |
| GLS protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.0140 | 2 | 3 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.7400 | 1 | 1 |
| Histamine H2 receptor | Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) | Potency | 22.3872 | 1 | 2 |
| Histone H2A.x | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 34.8267 | 1 | 1 |
| HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.4448 | 1 | 2 |
| hypothetical protein, conserved | Trypanosoma brucei | Potency | 14.1254 | 1 | 1 |
| Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.4448 | 1 | 4 |
| Inositol monophosphatase 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 31.6228 | 1 | 1 |
| Interferon beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.4448 | 1 | 2 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.8758 | 1 | 2 |
| Luciferase | Photinus pyralis (common eastern firefly) | Potency | 9.0743 | 1 | 1 |
| lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.1381 | 1 | 1 |
| M-phase phosphoprotein 8 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.9504 | 1 | 4 |
| Microtubule-associated protein tau | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.8399 | 2 | 12 |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0398 | 1 | 1 |
| neuropeptide S receptor isoform A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1 | 1 |
| nonstructural protein 1 | Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1)) | Potency | 25.1189 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.1093 | 1 | 1 |
| peripheral myelin protein 22 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 28.6954 | 1 | 1 |
| peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 84.9214 | 1 | 1 |
| phosphopantetheinyl transferase | Bacillus subtilis | Potency | 26.1926 | 3 | 6 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.3872 | 1 | 1 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.8832 | 1 | 1 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.7855 | 1 | 1 |
| regulator of G-protein signaling 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.6361 | 1 | 3 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.7855 | 1 | 1 |
| serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.7013 | 2 | 2 |
| serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.7016 | 1 | 1 |
| survival motor neuron protein isoform d | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.1220 | 1 | 1 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.6658 | 2 | 12 |
| thioredoxin glutathione reductase | Schistosoma mansoni | Potency | 0.3162 | 1 | 1 |
| thioredoxin reductase | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 10.9405 | 3 | 7 |
| Thrombopoietin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1189 | 2 | 2 |
| transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 1 | 1 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 64.4679 | 2 | 2 |
| vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 71.0052 | 1 | 4 |