Any plant metabolite that is found naturally as a component of a volatile oil.
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|
| 1-nonanol | A nonanol that is nonane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated as a component of volatile oils from plants like Hordeum vulgare. | nonan-1-ol |
| 1-octen-3-ol | An alkenyl alcohol with a structure based on a C8 unbranched chain with the hydroxy group at C-2 and unsaturation at C-1-C-2. It is a major volatile compound present in many mushrooms and fungi. | oct-1-en-3-ol |
| 2-ethylhexanol | A primary alcohol that is hexan-1-ol substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. | 2-ethylhexan-1-ol |
| 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexanol | A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is the dihydro derivative of carveol. | dihydrocarveol |
| 2-methylbutanal | A methylbutanal in which the methyl substituent is at position 2. | 2-methylbutanal |
| 2-nonanol | A secondary alcohol that is nonane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. | nonan-2-ol |
| 2-octanol | An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 2. | octan-2-ol |
| 2-octenal | The (E)-isomer of oct-2-enal. | (E)-oct-2-enal |
| 2-pentylfuran | A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a pentyl group. It is found in many heat-processed foods and drinks. | 2-pentylfuran |
| 2-undecanol | A secondary alcohol that is undecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. | undecan-2-ol |
| 2,4-dimethylphenol | A member of the class of phenols that phenol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 4. | 2,4-xylenol |
| 2,5-xylenol | A member of the class of phenols that phenol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 5. | 2,5-xylenol |
| 4-cymene | A monoterpene that is toluene substituted by an isopropyl group at position 4. | p-cymene |
| 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol | A terpineol that is 1-menthene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4. | 4-terpineol |
| 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo(3.1.1)heptan-3-ol | A pinane monoterpenoid that is a bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane substituted by two methyl groups at position 6, a methylidene group at position 2 and a hydroxy group at position 3. | pinocarveol |
| allyl methyl disulfide | An organic disulfide having allyl and methyl as the two organic groups. | allyl methyl disulfide |
| alpha phellandrene | One of a pair of phellandrene cyclic monoterpene double-bond isomers in which both double bonds are endocyclic (cf. alpha-phellandrene, where one of them is exocyclic). | alpha-phellandrene |
| alpha-bergamotene | A sesquiterpene consisting of a bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene skeleton substituted at positions 2 and 6 by methyl groups and at position 6 by a 4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl group. | alpha-bergamotene |
| alpha-cadinol | A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that is cadin-4-ene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 10. | alpha-cadinol |
| alpha-eudesmol | A eudesmane sesquiterpenoid in which the eudesmane skeleton carries a hydroxy substituent at C-11 and has a double bond between C-3 and C-4. | alpha-eudesmol |
| alpha-terpinene | One of three isomeric monoterpenes differing in the positions of their two double bonds (beta- and gamma-terpinene being the others). In alpha-terpinene the double bonds are at the 1- and 3-positions of the p-menthane skeleton. | alpha-terpinene |
| azulene | A mancude carbobicyclic parent consisting of a cycloheptatriene and cyclopentadiene rings. | azulene |
| beta-damascenone | A cyclic monoterpene ketone that is 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene substituted at position 1 by a crotonoyl group. | beta-damascenone |
| beta-eudesmol | A carbobicyclic compound that is trans-decalin substituted at positions 2, 4a, and 8 by 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl, methyl and methylidene groups, respectively (the 2R,4aR,8aS-diastereoisomer). | beta-eudesmol |
| carvacrol | A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1). | carvacrol |
| carveol | A limonene monoterpenoid that is cyclohex-2-en-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 5. | carveol |
| cedrene | A sesquiterpene that is cedrane which has a double bond between positions 8 and 9. | cedr-8-ene |
| citral | A monoterpenoid that is (2E,6E)-octa-2,6-dienal substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7. | geranial |
| coniferyl alcohol | A phenylpropanoid that is one of the main monolignols, produced by the reduction of the carboxy functional group in cinnamic acid and the addition of a hydroxy and a methoxy substituent to the aromatic ring. | coniferol |
| cuminaldehyde | A member of the class of benzaldehydes that is benzaldehyde substituted by an isopropyl group at position 4. It is a component of essential oils from Cumin and exhibits insecticidal activities. | cuminaldehyde |
| cuminol | A member of the class of benzyl alcohols in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the phenyl ring of benzyl alcohol has been replaced by an isopropyl group. | 4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol |
| decanoic acid | A C10, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. | decanoic acid |
| dolichodial | A dialdehyde that is cyclopentanecarbaldehyde substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 3-oxo-prop-1-en-2yl group at position 5. It has been found to occur in pheromones of insects such as aphids. | dolichodial |
| duroquinol | A member of the class of hydroquinones that is benzene-1,4-diol carrying four methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 5 and 6. | durohydroquinone |
| ethyl benzoate | A benzoate ester obtained by condensation of benzoic acid and ethanol. It is a volatile oil component found in ripe kiwifruit, cranberry juice, and palm kernel oil. | ethyl benzoate |
| gamma-dodecalactone | A gamma-lactone that is oxolan-2-one substituted by an octyl group at position 5. | gamma-dodecalactone |
| gamma-eudesmol | A eudesmane sesquiterpenoid in which the eudesmane skeleton carries a hydroxy substituent at C-11 and has a double bond between C-4 and C-5. | gamma-eudesmol |
| gamma-terpinene | One of three isomeric monoterpenes differing in the positions of their two double bonds (alpha- and beta-terpinene being the others). In gamma-terpinene the double bonds are at the 1- and 4-positions of the p-menthane skeleton. | gamma-terpinene |
| geraniol | A monoterpenoid consisting of two prenyl units linked head-to-tail and functionalised with a hydroxy group at its tail end. | geraniol |
| geranylacetone | A monoterpene ketone in which an (E)-geranyl group is bonded to one of the alpha-methyls of acetone. It is a component of essential oils from various plants including Nelumbo nucifera. | geranyl acetone |
| germacrone | A germacrane sesquiterpenoid that has formula C15H22O. It is a natural product found in traditional medicinal plants of the family Zingiberaceae. The compound exhibits a range of pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, anti-androgenic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, neuroprotective and insecticidal activities. | (E,E)-germacrone |
| heptadecane | A straight-chain alkane with 17 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oils from plants like Opuntia littoralis and Annona squamosa. | heptadecane |
| isobutyric acid | A branched fatty acid comprising propanoic acid carrying a methyl branch at C-2. | isobutyric acid |
| isopiperitenol | | isopiperitenol |
| isovalerylaldehyde | A methylbutanal that is butanal substituted by a methyl group at position 3. It occurs as a volatile constituent in olives. | 3-methylbutanal |
| lignoceric acid | A C24 straight-chain saturated fatty acid. | tetracosanoic acid |
| limonin | | limonin |
| linalool | A monoterpenoid that is octa-1,6-diene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from plants like Ocimum canum. | linalool |
| menthol | Any secondary alcohol that is one of the eight possible diastereoisomers of 5-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-ol. | p-menthan-3-ol |
| myrcene | A monoterpene that is octa-1,6-diene bearing methylene and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7 respectively. | beta-myrcene |
| myristyl alcohol | A long-chain fatty alcohol that is tetradecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. | tetradecan-1-ol |
| n-heneicosane | An alkane that has 21 carbons and a straight-chain structure. It has been isolated from plants like Periploca laevigata and Carthamus tinctorius. | henicosane |
| n-hexadecane | A straight-chain alkane with 16 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oil isolated from long pepper. | hexadecane |
| n-tetradecane | A straight chain alkane consisting of 14 carbon atoms. | tetradecane |
| n-tricosane | A straight chain alkane containing 23 carbon atoms. | tricosane |
| naphthalene | An aromatic hydrocarbon comprising two fused benzene rings. It occurs in the essential oils of numerous plant species e.g. magnolia. | naphthalene |
| nerol | The (2Z)-stereoisomer of 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol. It has been isolated from the essential oils from plants like lemon grass. | nerol |
| nonacosane | A straight-chain alkane comprising of 29 carbon atoms. | nonacosane |
| nonadecane | A straight-chain alkane with 19 carbon atoms. It has been found as a component of essential oils isolated from Artemisia armeniaca. | nonadecane |
| nonane | A straight chain alkane composed of 9 carbon atoms. | nonane |
| pentadecanal | A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is pentadecane carrying an oxo substituent at position 1. It is a component of essential oils from plants like Solanum erianthum and Cassia siamea. | pentadecanal |
| pentadecane | A straight-chain alkane with 15 carbon atoms. It is a component of volatile oils isolated from plants species like Scandix balansae. | pentadecane |
| perillaldehyde | An aldehyde that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde substituted by a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4. | perillyl aldehyde |
| perillyl alcohol | A limonene monoterpenoid consists of a cyclohexene ring substituted by a hydroxymethyl and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. It is a constituent of a variety of essential oils including lavender. | perillyl alcohol |
| piperitone | A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is cyclohex-2-en-1-one substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and an isopropyl group at position 6. | piperitone |
| spathulenol | A tricyclic sesquiterpenoid that is 4-methylidenedecahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulene carrying three methyl substituents at positions 1, 1 and 7 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 7. | spathulenol |
| t-cadinol | A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that is cadin-4-ene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 10. | tau-cadinol |
| t-muurolol | A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that consists of 4-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene having a hydroxy substituent at position 1 and (1S,4S,4aR,8aS)-configuration. | (-)-Tau-muurolol |
| terpinolene | A p-menthadiene with double bonds at positions 1 and 4(8). | terpinolene |
| tetracosane | A straight-chain alkane containing 24 carbon atoms. | tetracosane |
| thymol | A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. | thymol |
| tridecane | A straight chain alkane containing 13 carbon atoms. It forms a component of the essential oils isolated from plants such as Abelmoschus esculentus. | tridecane |
| undecanal | A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxylic acid group of undecanoic acid. It is a component of essential oils from citrus plants like Citrus reticulata. | undecanal |
| valerenic acid | A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid which is substituted at position 3 by a 3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-yl group. A bicyclic sesquiterpenoid constituent of the essential oil of the Valerian plant. | valerenic acid |
| valerophenone | An aromatic ketone that consists of benzene substituted by a pentanoyl group. | valerophenone |
| viridiflorol | A carbotricyclic compound that is (1aS,4aR,7aR,7bR)-decahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulene carrying four methyl substituents at positions 1, 1, 4 and 7 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 4. It is a sesquiterpenoid isolated from several plant species and is a strong feeding deterrent for the melaleuca weevil that retards larval development. | viridiflorol |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|
| 15-lipoxygenase, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.2663 | 1 | 2 |
| 67.9K protein | Vaccinia virus | Potency | 5.0119 | 1 | 1 |
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.8434 | 1 | 4 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.7388 | 1 | 3 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.8955 | 11 | 32 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.0153 | 2 | 4 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.5065 | 3 | 11 |
| cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0290 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, Beta-lactamase | Escherichia coli K-12 | Potency | 22.3872 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Cruzipain | Trypanosoma cruzi | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Ferritin light chain | Equus caballus (horse) | Potency | 34.8936 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1189 | 1 | 1 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 2C9, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.9018 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.8489 | 2 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.1436 | 1 | 3 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 36.9492 | 1 | 7 |
| DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.1254 | 1 | 1 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 36.6996 | 11 | 57 |
| estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 20.4466 | 3 | 9 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.4205 | 6 | 15 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.1594 | 4 | 10 |
| G | Vesicular stomatitis virus | Potency | 38.9018 | 1 | 1 |
| GABA theta subunit | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.9869 | 2 | 4 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.6809 | 2 | 13 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 40.5135 | 4 | 18 |
| Glutamate receptor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 55.9689 | 1 | 5 |
| heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.2202 | 1 | 1 |
| heat shock protein beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 51.0563 | 2 | 8 |
| histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.9240 | 1 | 1 |
| Histone H2A.x | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 126.7930 | 1 | 1 |
| HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.9018 | 1 | 1 |
| importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 125.8920 | 1 | 1 |
| Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.9018 | 1 | 2 |
| Integrin alpha-IIb | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0290 | 1 | 2 |
| Integrin beta-3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0290 | 1 | 2 |
| Interferon beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.9018 | 1 | 1 |
| interleukin 8 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 74.9780 | 1 | 1 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.7943 | 1 | 1 |
| lethal factor (plasmid) | Bacillus anthracis str. A2012 | Potency | 16.3114 | 1 | 2 |
| Luciferase | Photinus pyralis (common eastern firefly) | Potency | 49.3147 | 2 | 5 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 97.6469 | 4 | 18 |
| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 42.8837 | 1 | 4 |
| Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 60.8524 | 1 | 2 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 36.3951 | 3 | 12 |
| parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.4668 | 1 | 1 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 174.8345 | 4 | 10 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.5036 | 5 | 14 |
| phosphopantetheinyl transferase | Bacillus subtilis | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 104.0379 | 2 | 14 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.4510 | 3 | 5 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 24.2633 | 2 | 7 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.8578 | 3 | 33 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 61.0169 | 3 | 30 |
| SMAD family member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 42.0480 | 2 | 3 |
| SMAD family member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 42.0480 | 2 | 3 |
| snurportin-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 125.8920 | 1 | 1 |
| Spike glycoprotein | Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | Potency | 11.2202 | 1 | 1 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 19.0546 | 2 | 2 |
| thioredoxin reductase | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 50.7290 | 3 | 17 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.5536 | 2 | 3 |
| thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.9607 | 5 | 16 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.9433 | 1 | 1 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.1560 | 2 | 5 |
| vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.9288 | 5 | 12 |
| vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 55.9689 | 1 | 5 |