7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 1188 |
| CHEMBL ID | 1424 |
| CHEBI ID | 17712 |
| CHEBI ID | 48517 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 4965 |
| MeSH ID | M0029424 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| MOLMAP_000070 |
| XAN , |
| 3,9-dihydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione |
| 9h-xanthine |
| 2,6-dihydroxypurine |
| CHEBI:17712 , |
| purine-2(3h),6(1h)-dione |
| 9h-purine-2,6-(1h,3h)-dione |
| 2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropurine |
| 1h-purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro- |
| 1h-purine-2,6-diol |
| 3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione |
| SDCCGMLS-0065805.P001 |
| nsc-14664 |
| pseudoxanthine |
| 9h-purine-2,3h)-dione |
| xanthic oxide |
| purine-2,3h)-dione |
| isoxanthine |
| xanthin |
| nsc14664 |
| 2,2,3,6-tetrahydropurine |
| 2,6-dioxo-1,2,3, 6-tetrahydropurine |
| 2,6-dioxypurine |
| 3,7-dihydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione |
| C00385 |
| 2,6-dioxopurine |
| 69-89-6 |
| xanthine , |
| 2-oxohypoxanthine |
| 3,9-dihydropurine-2,6-dione |
| 3,9-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione |
| xanthine, bioultra, >=99% |
| xanthine, >=99% |
| xanthine, >=99.5% (hplc), purified by recrystallization |
| DB02134 |
| NCGC00164338-01 |
| nsc 14664 |
| ai3-52268 |
| xanthine (van) |
| purine-2,6-diol |
| 9h-purine-2,6-diol |
| usaf cb-17 |
| epa pesticide chemical code 116900 |
| 2,6(1,3)-purinedion |
| purine-2,6-(1h,3h)-dione |
| einecs 200-718-6 |
| ccris 994 |
| OPREA1_474175 |
| CHEBI:48517 |
| 7h-xanthine |
| X-0950 |
| 92AB342E-6550-4B2B-AD76-E75AC1C2EB45 |
| lrfvtywoqmyalw-uhfffaoysa- |
| inchi=1/c5h4n4o2/c10-4-2-3(7-1-6-2)8-5(11)9-4/h1h,(h3,6,7,8,9,10,11) |
| AKOS000498219 |
| STL064827 |
| CHEMBL1424 , |
| xanthine (van) (8ci) |
| BMSE000127 |
| X0004 |
| AB00171825-02 |
| HMS1659G11 |
| A836687 |
| bdbm82009 |
| cas_1188 |
| nsc_1188 |
| AKOS005208756 |
| 3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione |
| 1h-purine-2,6(3h,7h)-dione |
| 1avz07u9s7 , |
| 1h-purine-2,6-dione, 3,9-dihydro- |
| unii-1avz07u9s7 |
| FT-0631300 |
| 2,3,6,9-tetrahydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione |
| FS-3231 |
| 9h-purine-2,6(1h,3h)-dione |
| xanthine [mi] |
| xanthine [inci] |
| xanthine [who-dd] |
| 1h,3h,7h-xanthine |
| 1h,3h,9h-xanthine |
| purine-2,6(1h,3h)-dione |
| 2UZ9 |
| AKOS015896921 |
| gtpl4557 |
| 1h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione |
| AM83905 |
| BBL028159 |
| SCHEMBL4965 |
| dioxypurin |
| cambridge id 5126190 |
| CS-W018105 |
| HMS3604G12 |
| DTXSID4035120 |
| mfcd00078453 |
| STL453051 |
| 2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1h-purine-2,6-dione |
| AC-8422 |
| xanthine, 98% |
| xanthine, p.a., 99% |
| 2,6-dihydroxypurin |
| Z57825360 |
| dioxopurine |
| HY-W017389 |
| SY030113 |
| xanthine-13c15n2 |
| 1262670-81-4 |
| S3693 |
| 7h-purine-2,6-diol |
| 1h-purine-2,6(3h,9h)-dione |
| xanthine,(s) |
| BCP15189 |
| bdbm50227193 |
| Q50980 |
| AMY239 |
| EN300-18289 |
| CCG-266216 |
| cid 5280342 |
| D71218 |
| 2,6-dihydroxypurine; isoxanthine |
Xanthine is a plant alkaloid which also acts as an intermediate product on the pathway of purine degradation. Xanthine, which is a better substrate for xanthine oxidase than is NADH, causes a V(V)-dependent co-oxidation of NADH.
Xanthine oxidase (XO) has been hypothesized to be a potential source of oxygen-derived free radicals during reperfusion of ischemic myocardium. Hypoxanthine has been proposed as a better indicator of hypoxic damage than acid-base status or lactate.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Xanthine derivatives have been used to treat a variety of medical conditions including respiratory disease and neural degeneration. " | ( Stimulatory Effects of KPR-A148 on Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Regeneration. Kim, JA; Lee, D; Lee, T; Lim, J; Lim, S; Nam, SH; Park, EK, 2019) | 1.96 |
| "Xanthine oxidase has long been considered to be subject to inhibition by excess substrate. " | ( Excess substrate inhibition of xanthine oxidase: a reexamination. Fridovich, I; Hausladen, A, 1993) | 2.01 |
| "Xanthine oxidase (XO) has been hypothesized to be a potential source of oxygen-derived free radicals during reperfusion of ischemic myocardium based on the fact that allopurinol, a XO-inhibitor, can reduce reperfusion injury. " | ( Role of xanthine oxidase inhibitor as free radical scavenger: a novel mechanism of action of allopurinol and oxypurinol in myocardial salvage. Clement, R; Das, DK; Engelman, RM; Otani, H; Prasad, MR; Rao, PS, 1987) | 2.15 |
| "Hypoxanthine has been proposed as a better indicator of hypoxic damage than acid-base status or lactate. " | ( Changes in acid-base status, lactate concentration and purine metabolites during reconstructive aortic surgery. Fredholm, BB; Hohlbach, G; Schoenberg, MH, 1985) | 0.83 |
Xanthine had a much lower inhibitory effect on the conversion of guanine and hypoxanthine to the nucleotides. Adenine had no effect at all.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Xanthine produced an increase in the contractility of isolated perfused rabbit's heart." | ( Cardiac depressant effects of oxygen free radicals. Bharadwaj, L; Kalra, J; Prasad, K, 1993) | 1.01 |
| "Xanthine had a much lower inhibitory effect on the conversion of guanine and hypoxanthine to the nucleotides, whereas adenine had no effect at all." | ( Hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity in Cryptosporidium parvum. Doyle, PS; Kanaani, J; Wang, CC, 1998) | 1.58 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Treatment with xanthine/xanthine oxidase for 15 min induced a 2.8 +/- 0.4-fold increase (n = 12, p less than 0.05) of t-PA antigen secretion after 24 h." | ( Modulation of the fibrinolytic response of cultured human vascular endothelium by extracellularly generated oxygen radicals. Collen, D; Doherty, JM; Hoak, JC; Orfeo, T; Shatos, MA; Stump, DC, 1992) | 0.62 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " We conclude that in vitro oxygen metabolites, extracellularly generated, have a direct toxic effect on gastric mucosal cells; hydrogen peroxide is a major mediator of oxygen metabolite-induced gastric cell injury; the oxygen-derived superoxide and hydroxyl radicals are less toxic to gastric mucosal cells than hydrogen peroxide; and intracellular glutathione, which detoxifies hydrogen peroxide, may be involved in antioxidant defense mechanisms." | ( Oxygen metabolite-induced cytotoxicity to cultured rat gastric mucosal cells. Hiraishi, H; Ivey, KJ; Ota, S; Sugimoto, T; Terano, A, 1987) | 0.27 |
| "In order to elucidate toxic and protective mechanisms responsible for allopurinol-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, we investigated changes in plasma creatinine concentration, renal lipid peroxidation, and renal activities of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, as enzymatic factors in producing and scavenging oxygen radicals." | ( Possible mechanism responsible for allopurinol-nephrotoxicity: lipid peroxidation and systems of producing- and scavenging oxygen radicals. Sudo, J; Suzuki, Y, 1987) | 0.46 |
| " Vitamin E neutralized the toxic effect of free radicals in vitro." | ( Toxicity of free radicals to mesothelial cells and peritoneal membrane. Breborowicz, A; Martis, L; Oreopoulos, DG; Serkes, KD; Wieczorowska, K; Witowski, J, 1993) | 0.29 |
| " RINm5F cells were also susceptible to butylalloxan, a lipophilic alloxan derivative that is selectively toxic to pancreatic beta-cells." | ( Complementary action of antioxidant enzymes in the protection of bioengineered insulin-producing RINm5F cells against the toxicity of reactive oxygen species. Lenzen, S; Lortz, S; Munday, R; Tiedge, M, 1998) | 0.3 |
| " The majority of adverse events were mild-to-moderate in intensity." | ( Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of febuxostat, a non-purine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, in a dose escalation study in healthy subjects. Grabowski, BA; Joseph-Ridge, N; Khosravan, R; Vernillet, L; Wu, JT, 2006) | 0.55 |
| " However, adenine (250 microm) acts synergistically with a nontoxic dose of DF (150 nm) to produce growth inhibition and adenine nucleotide pool expansion comparable to that observed with a toxic concentration of the herbicide alone (300 nm)." | ( Adenine nucleotide pool perturbation is a metabolic trigger for AMP deaminase inhibitor-based herbicide toxicity. Ferl, RJ; Laber, B; Lindell, SD; Paul, AL; Sabina, RL, 2007) | 0.34 |
A simple HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of uric acid (UA), xanthine (X) and hypoxAnthine (HX) concentrations in human serum to support pharmacodynamic (PD) studies of a novel x anthine oxidase inhibitor.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "25) as was the area under the oxipurinol plasma concentration-time curve, AUC (260+/-46 and 166+/-23 microgram ml-1 h, respectively), the pharmacodynamic effect of oxipurinol was smaller in elderly than young subjects (time-dependent decrease of plasma uric acid 83+/-30 microgram ml-1 h in elderly compared with 176+/-21 in young controls)." | ( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of allopurinol in elderly and young subjects. Krivanek, P; Oberbauer, R; Turnheim, K, 1999) | 0.3 |
| "A simple HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of uric acid (UA), xanthine (X) and hypoxanthine (HX) concentrations in human serum to support pharmacodynamic (PD) studies of a novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor during its clinical development." | ( Quantification of uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine in human serum by HPLC for pharmacodynamic studies. Cooper, N; Erdmann, C; Fiene, J; Khosravan, R; Lee, JW, 2006) | 0.85 |
| " During the course of the study, blood and urine samples were collected to assess the pharmacokinetics of febuxostat and its metabolites, and its pharmacodynamic effects on uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine concentrations after both single and multiple dose administration." | ( Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of febuxostat, a non-purine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, in a dose escalation study in healthy subjects. Grabowski, BA; Joseph-Ridge, N; Khosravan, R; Vernillet, L; Wu, JT, 2006) | 0.74 |
| " There appeared to be a linear pharmacokinetic and dose-response (percentage decrease in serum uric acid) relationship for febuxostat dosages within the 10-120 mg range." | ( Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of febuxostat, a non-purine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, in a dose escalation study in healthy subjects. Grabowski, BA; Joseph-Ridge, N; Khosravan, R; Vernillet, L; Wu, JT, 2006) | 0.55 |
| " Following multiple dosing with febuxostat, there were no statistically significant differences in the plasma or urinary pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic parameters between subjects aged 18 to 40 years and >or=65 years." | ( The effect of age and gender on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of febuxostat, a novel nonpurine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Joseph-Ridge, N; Khosravan, R; Kukulka, MJ; Vernillet, L; Wu, JT, 2008) | 0.55 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Enhanced ROS production (especially superoxide anion) causes diminished NO bioavailability and leads to endothelial dysfunction, which occurs for example in impaired vasorelaxation." | ( [Oxidative stress in hypertension]. Bełtowski, J; Jamroz, A; Wójcicka, G, 2004) | 0.32 |
| " In terms of the bioavailability of caffeine, the most important factor seemed to be the residence time in the ascending and transverse colon." | ( Neutron activation-based gamma scintigraphy in pharmacoscintigraphic evaluation of an Egalet constant-release drug delivery system. Ariniemi, K; Hietanen, H; Kanerva, H; Kekki, T; Lindevall, K; Lipponen, M; Marvola, J; Marvola, M; Mykkänen, S; Slot, L, 2004) | 0.32 |
| " Furthermore, these stores, albeit small, may provide an additional mechanism for the regulation of vascular tone, especially under conditions, such as diabetes, in which nitric oxide generation or bioavailability is compromised; however, additional studies are required to determine not only whether there are additional chemical storage forms of nitric oxide, but also the location of such stores." | ( Nitrosothiol stores in vascular tissue: modulation by ultraviolet light, acetylcholine and ionomycin. Cheng, ZJ; Ding, H; Ellis, A; Hollenberg, MD; Jiang, Y; Li, Y; Ng, ES; Triggle, CR, 2007) | 0.34 |
TEI-6720 and allopurinol showed similar dose-response curves for the decrease in uric acid or allantoin concentration, and the associated increase in xanthine concentration. Allopurinal dosage should be reduced or discontinued if xAnthine nephropathy is suspected.
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite | Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). |
| [role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| xanthine | A purine nucleobase found in humans and other organisms. |
| xanthine | A purine nucleobase found in humans and other organisms. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0501 | 0.0100 | 39.5371 | 1,122.0200 | AID588545 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 50.0000 | 0.0000 | 1.5599 | 10.0000 | AID759421 |
| Acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 9.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.9332 | 10.0000 | AID759422 |
| Adenosine receptor A2b | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 130.0000 | 0.0006 | 1.3536 | 10.0000 | AID187182 |
| Adenosine receptor A2a | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 130.0000 | 0.0002 | 1.4940 | 10.0000 | AID187182 |
| Guanine deaminase | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 1.9600 | 1.8800 | 3.6340 | 5.5500 | AID502390 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adenosine receptor A2a | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 (µMol) | 100.0000 | 0.0003 | 0.7081 | 10.0000 | AID74022 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase | Bos taurus (cattle) | Km | 21.4000 | 1.8000 | 2.7800 | 3.7000 | AID363291 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID977610 | Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Ki) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18 | Identification of small molecule compounds with higher binding affinity to guanine deaminase (cypin) than guanine. |
| AID274550 | Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum HGXPRT at pH 7.4 | 2006 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25 | Lead compounds for antimalarial chemotherapy: purine base analogs discriminate between human and P. falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases. |
| AID274549 | Inhibition of human HGPRT at pH 7.4 | 2006 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25 | Lead compounds for antimalarial chemotherapy: purine base analogs discriminate between human and P. falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases. |
| AID502390 | Inhibition of GDA by colorimetric assay | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18 | Identification of small molecule compounds with higher binding affinity to guanine deaminase (cypin) than guanine. |
| AID453743 | Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant N-terminal hexahistidine-tagged CTP synthetase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as inhibition of CTP formation in TAPS buffer at pH 8.5 by continuous spectrophotometric assay in presence of 150 m | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1 | Inhibition of CTP synthase from Escherichia coli by xanthines and uric acids. |
| AID1146438 | Activity at bovine milk xanthine oxidase assessed as reduction of cytochrome c and phenazine methosulfate | 1976 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 19, Issue:2 | Synthesis and enzymic activity of some novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. 3-Substituted 5,7-dihydroxypyrazolo(1,5-alpha)pyrimidines. |
| AID66419 | Inhibitory concentration against Enzymatic A chain of ricin (RTA) using Artemia salina ribosomes | 2002 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-03, Volume: 45, Issue:1 | Structure-based design and characterization of novel platforms for ricin and shiga toxin inhibition. |
| AID239883 | Acid dissociation constant was determined | 2005 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 15, Issue:4 | Uric acid may inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion via binding to an essential arginine residue in rat pancreatic beta-cells. |
| AID363291 | Activity of bovine xanthine oxidase | 2008 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 43, Issue:6 | Xanthine oxidase-activated prodrugs of thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors. |
| AID75917 | Positive chronotropic effect on isolated guinea pig right atrium (heart stimulation). | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22 | Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation. |
| AID453742 | Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant N-terminal hexahistidine-tagged CTP synthetase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as inhibition of CTP formation in Hepes buffer at pH 8 by continuous spectrophotometric assay in presence of 150 mM | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1 | Inhibition of CTP synthase from Escherichia coli by xanthines and uric acids. |
| AID32155 | Affinity against adenosine A1 receptor in the brain membranes by the displacement of [3H]CPX. | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22 | Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation. |
| AID274562 | Inhibition of human HGPRT at pH 8.5 | 2006 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25 | Lead compounds for antimalarial chemotherapy: purine base analogs discriminate between human and P. falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases. |
| AID227877 | Ratio of stimulatory activity in right atrium to relaxant activity in tracheal muscle | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22 | Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation. |
| AID74022 | Relaxant activity on the spontaneous tone of isolated guinea pig tracheal ring chains. | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22 | Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation. |
| AID252792 | Insulin release in rat pancreatic beta-cells after 15 minutes of administration at 1 mM was measured | 2005 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 15, Issue:4 | Uric acid may inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion via binding to an essential arginine residue in rat pancreatic beta-cells. |
| AID1146449 | Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound | 1976 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 19, Issue:2 | Synthesis and enzymic activity of some novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. 3-Substituted 5,7-dihydroxypyrazolo(1,5-alpha)pyrimidines. |
| AID202405 | Compound was screened for their ability to potentiate [Ca2+] release induced by cADRP(an endogenous modulator of ryanodine receptor) in sea urchin egg homogenates at a concentration of 2 mM | 1999 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14 | Potentiation of cADPR-induced Ca(2+)-release by methylxanthine analogues. |
| AID705460 | Antiapicomplexan activity against Toxoplasma gondii THdhxgTRP tachyzoites harboring insertional mutation assessed as growth inhibition after 6 weeks | 2012 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-11, Volume: 55, Issue:19 | Salicylanilide inhibitors of Toxoplasma gondii. |
| AID759421 | Inhibition of human BuChE using S-butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate treated 5 mins before substrate addition measured up to 4 mins by Ellman's method | 2013 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 23, Issue:15 | Selective inhibition of human acetylcholinesterase by xanthine derivatives: in vitro inhibition and molecular modeling investigations. |
| AID274554 | Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 at 130 uM | 2006 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25 | Lead compounds for antimalarial chemotherapy: purine base analogs discriminate between human and P. falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases. |
| AID1146439 | Activity at bovine milk xanthine oxidase assessed as reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol | 1976 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 19, Issue:2 | Synthesis and enzymic activity of some novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. 3-Substituted 5,7-dihydroxypyrazolo(1,5-alpha)pyrimidines. |
| AID502389 | Inhibition of GDA-mediated microtubule assembly | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18 | Identification of small molecule compounds with higher binding affinity to guanine deaminase (cypin) than guanine. |
| AID759422 | Inhibition of human AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate treated 5 mins before substrate addition measured up to 4 mins by Ellman's method | 2013 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 23, Issue:15 | Selective inhibition of human acetylcholinesterase by xanthine derivatives: in vitro inhibition and molecular modeling investigations. |
| AID187182 | Inhibition of adenosine stimulated accumulation of cyclic AMP at Adenosine A2 receptor of VA13 fibroblasts of rat | 1988 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 31, Issue:10 | Benzo[1,2-c:5,4-c']dipyrazoles: non-xanthine adenosine antagonists. |
| AID219846 | Inhibition of c-AMP phosphodiesterase activity in guinea pig tracheal muscle | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 35, Issue:22 | Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation. |
| AID55471 | Binding affinity to DNA intercalator Acridine orange. | 2001 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-20, Volume: 44, Issue:26 | Structural basis for the binding affinity of xanthines with the DNA intercalator acridine orange. |
| AID453746 | Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant N-terminal hexahistidine-tagged CTP synthetase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as inhibition of CTP formation in TAPS buffer at pH 8.5 by continuous spectrophotometric assay in presence of 10 mM | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1 | Inhibition of CTP synthase from Escherichia coli by xanthines and uric acids. |
| AID363284 | Inhibition of Escherichia coli thymidine phosphorylase at 158 uM | 2008 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 43, Issue:6 | Xanthine oxidase-activated prodrugs of thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors. |
| AID274551 | Inhibition of [3H]hypoxanthine uptake into Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 at 130 uM | 2006 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25 | Lead compounds for antimalarial chemotherapy: purine base analogs discriminate between human and P. falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases. |
| AID453745 | Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant N-terminal hexahistidine-tagged CTP synthetase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as inhibition of CTP formation in Hepes buffer at pH 8 by continuous spectrophotometric assay in presence of 10 mM | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1 | Inhibition of CTP synthase from Escherichia coli by xanthines and uric acids. |
| AID274563 | Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum HGXPRT at pH 8.5 | 2006 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25 | Lead compounds for antimalarial chemotherapy: purine base analogs discriminate between human and P. falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases. |
| AID252796 | Insulin release in rat pancreatic beta-cells (PBS-rinsing of the islets) after 15 minutes of administration at 1 mM was measured | 2005 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 15, Issue:4 | Uric acid may inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion via binding to an essential arginine residue in rat pancreatic beta-cells. |
| AID540299 | A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21 | Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| AID1794808 | Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL). | 2014 | Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6 | A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum. |
| AID1794808 | Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL). | |||
| AID1159607 | Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction | 2016 | Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6 | A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway. |
| AID1159537 | qHTS screening for TAG (triacylglycerol) accumulators in algae | 2017 | Plant physiology, Aug, Volume: 174, Issue:4 | Identification and Metabolite Profiling of Chemical Activators of Lipid Accumulation in Green Algae. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 387 (20.41) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 592 (31.22) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 488 (25.74) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 320 (16.88) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 109 (5.75) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (79.94) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 37 (1.87%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 58 (2.94%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 79 (4.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 1 (0.05%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 1,800 (91.14%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dinitrochlorobenzene Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes | allergen; epitope; sensitiser |
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. dihydroxybenzoic acid : Any member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives.. 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It occurs naturally in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxybenzoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| tartronic acid hydroxymalonic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | plant metabolite |
| protocatechuic acid protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | catechols; dihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid: An oxidation product of tryptophan metabolism. It may be a free radical scavenger and a carcinogen.. 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted at C-2 by an amine group and at C-3 by a hydroxy group. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of the amino acid tryptophan.. 3-hydroxyanthranilate : A hydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 3-hydroxykynurenine 3-hydroxykynurenine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-hydroxykynurenine : A hydroxykynurenine that is kynurenine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.. hydroxykynurenine : A hydroxy-amino acid that is kynurenine substituted by a single hydroxy group at unspecified position. A "closed" class. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | hydroxykynurenine | human metabolite |
| gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule |
| 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | hydroxybenzaldehyde | EC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent |
| acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.. acetaldehyde : The aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke.. aldehyde : A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group.. acetyl group : A group, formally derived from acetic acid by dehydroxylation, which is fundamental to the biochemistry of all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A, it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. | 9 | 4 | 0 | aldehyde | carcinogenic agent; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; electron acceptor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; oxidising agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; teratogenic agent |
| acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H). | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent |
| adenine [no description available] | 6.68 | 71 | 0 | 6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| allantoic acid allantoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. allantoic acid : A member of the class of ureas that consists of acetic acid in which the two methyl hydrogens are replaced by carbamoylamino groups respectively. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ureas | mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| allantoin [no description available] | 5.77 | 28 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; vulnerary |
| ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. | 6.57 | 15 | 1 | azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant |
| quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound | antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor |
| benzene [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent |
| benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring. | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | benzoic acids | algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine. | 7.37 | 2 | 0 | amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative | fundamental metabolite |
| bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic bromine | |
| 1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent |
| cadaverine [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound | biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent |
| formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent |
| carnitine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid betaine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). | 5.91 | 17 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound | bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas |
| levoplast Levoplast: mixture of acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl)-, (R-(R*,R*))-, castor oil, celluloidin, collodion & tannins | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| choline [no description available] | 3.33 | 7 | 0 | cholines | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | tricarboxylic acid | antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 3.37 | 7 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| octane Octanes: Eight-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. octane : A straight chain alkane composed of 8 carbon atoms. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | alkane | xenobiotic |
| n(1)-methylnicotinamide N(1)-methylnicotinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinium ion comprising nicotinamide having a methyl group at the 1-position. It is a metabolite of nicotinamide which was initially considered to be biologically inactive but has emerged as an anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory agent. | 2 | 1 | 0 | pyridinium ion | algal metabolite; anti-inflammatory agent; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guaiacol Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | guaiacols | disinfectant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; expectorant; plant metabolite |
| hippuric acid hippuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4591. N-benzoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | human blood serum metabolite; uremic toxin |
| 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid derived from L-methionine via the action of methionine transaminase. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | omega-(methylthio)-2-oxocarboxylic acid | |
| n(g),n(g')-dimethyl-l-arginine N,N-dimethylarginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine; do not confuse with N,N'-dimethylarginine | 3.41 | 1 | 1 | alpha-amino acid | |
| 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid consisting of cyclopropane having amino and carboxy substituents both at the 1-position. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; monocarboxylic acid; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | ethylene releasers; plant metabolite |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | human metabolite |
| creatine [no description available] | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion | geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical |
| cytosine [no description available] | 3.51 | 8 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 8.77 | 32 | 2 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite |
| dihydrouracil hexahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione: structure in first source. 5,6-dihydrouracil : A pyrimidine obtained by formal addition of hydrogen across the 5,6-position of uracil. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. | 3.69 | 10 | 0 | sulfoxide; volatile organic compound | alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glycine [no description available] | 8.48 | 8 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical |
| glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | alditol; triol | algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent |
| histamine [no description available] | 8.22 | 6 | 0 | aralkylamino compound; imidazoles | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| hydroquinone [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | benzenediol; hydroquinones | antioxidant; carcinogenic agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | imidazole | |
| indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid | auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge.. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | diatomic iodine | nutrient |
| dihydroxyphenylalanine Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | hydroxyphenylalanine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; tyrosine derivative | human metabolite |
| kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group. | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline | human metabolite |
| thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid | fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 3.38 | 2 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| phytic acid Phytic Acid: Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent.. myo-inositol hexakisphosphate : A myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in which each hydroxy group of myo-inositol is monophosphorylated. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | inositol phosphate | |
| inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration. | 2 | 1 | 0 | cyclitol; hexol | |
| melatonin [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; tryptamines | anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
| n-acetylserotonin N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; N-acylserotonin; phenols | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist |
| naphthalene [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | naphthalenes; ortho-fused bicyclic arene | apoptosis inhibitor; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom | epitope; micronutrient |
| niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor |
| niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group. | 2.86 | 4 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3 | antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical. | 5.74 | 20 | 1 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | |
| nitroxyl nitroxyl: hydroxamic acid oxidized to nitroxyl free radical. nitroxyl : A nitrogen oxoacid consisting of an oxygen atom double-bonded to an NH group. | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 5.54 | 16 | 1 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | human metabolite |
| hydroxide ion [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | oxygen hydride | mouse metabolite |
| orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| oxalic acid Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2. | 9.37 | 2 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion | allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite |
| palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| phosphorylcholine Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | phosphocholines | allergen; epitope; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pqq cofactor PQQ Cofactor: A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES.. pyrroloquinoline quinone : A pyrroloquinoline having oxo groups at the 4- and 5-positions and carboxy groups at the 2-, 7- and 9-positions. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | orthoquinones; pyrroloquinoline cofactor; tricarboxylic acid | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; water-soluble vitamin (role) |
| pteridines [no description available] | 12.38 | 28 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; pteridines | |
| purine 1H-purine : The 1H-tautomer of purine.. 3H-purine : The 3H-tautomer of purine.. 9H-purine : The 9H-tautomer of purine.. 7H-purine : The 7H-tautomer of purine. | 6.99 | 40 | 0 | purine | |
| putrescine [no description available] | 9.08 | 3 | 1 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | antioxidant; fundamental metabolite |
| pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis. | 11.68 | 10 | 1 | monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines | antitubercular agent; prodrug |
| pyrazinoic acid pyrazinoic acid: active metabolite of pyrazinamide; structure. pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid : The parent compound of the class of pyrazinecarboxylic acids, that is pyrazine bearing a single carboxy substituent. The active metabolite of the antitubercular drug pyrazinamide. | 2 | 1 | 0 | pyrazinecarboxylic acid | antitubercular agent; drug metabolite |
| pyrazole 1H-pyrazole : The 1H-tautomer of pyrazole. | 2 | 1 | 0 | pyrazole | |
| pyrogallol benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring. | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | benzenetriol; phenolic donor | plant metabolite |
| pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. | 5.32 | 7 | 2 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | cofactor; fundamental metabolite |
| dithionite Dithionite: Dithionite. The dithionous acid ion and its salts. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion | |
| sarcosine cocobetaine: N-alkyl-betaine; cause of shampoo dermatitis | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | N-alkylglycine zwitterion; N-alkylglycine; N-methyl-amino acid; N-methylglycines | Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; glycine transporter 1 inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| sulfites Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). | 4.01 | 4 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion | |
| spermidine [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | polyazaalkane; triamine | autophagy inducer; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| spermine [no description available] | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | polyazaalkane; tetramine | antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| succinic acid Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. | 5.22 | 4 | 1 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent |
| sulfuric acid sulfuric acid : A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | sulfur oxoacid | catalyst |
| sulfur dioxide Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | sulfur oxide | Escherichia coli metabolite; food bleaching agent; refrigerant |
| taurine [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion | antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| thymine [no description available] | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound | cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
| uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder | 4.64 | 27 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. | 17.19 | 425 | 16 | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 10.48 | 15 | 1 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | NMDA receptor antagonist |
| sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound | |
| atrolactic acid atrolactic acid: see also 3-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | |
| 1,10-phenanthroline 1,10-phenanthroline: RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | phenanthroline | EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor |
| 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | oxopurine | adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
| 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 3.8 | 3 | 0 | aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
| 1h-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one: structure given in first source; inhibits guanylyl cyclase. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one : A member of the class of oxadiazoloquinoxalines that is 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline substituted at position 1 by an oxo group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | oxadiazoloquinoxaline | EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor |
| pyrithione pyrithione: split from cephalosporin molecule; some metal complexes of this have fumarate reductase inhibitory activity and may be useful against trypanosomes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pyrithione : A pyridinethione that is pyridine-2(1H)-thione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a Zn(2+) ionophore; the zinc salt is used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. | 2 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxypyridine; pyridinethione | ionophore |
| amitrole Amitrole: A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.. amitrole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an amino group at position 3. Used to control annual grasses and aquatic weeds (but not on food crops because it causes cancer in laboratory animals). Its use within the EU was banned from September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; triazoles | carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; EC 1.11.1.6 (catalase) inhibitor; herbicide |
| 3-aminobenzamide [no description available] | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | benzamides; substituted aniline | EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor |
| 3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent |
| enprofylline enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy. | 4.06 | 3 | 1 | oxopurine | anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| p-chloromercuribenzoic acid p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid: An organic mercurial used as a sulfhydryl reagent. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | chlorine molecular entity; mercuribenzoic acid | |
| homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite. | 8.09 | 5 | 0 | guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide: do not confuse with DMPO (4',5'-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4-phenyl-5,2'-oxidocoumarin). 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide : A member of the class of 1-pyrroline nitrones (1-pyrroline N-oxides) resulting from the formal N-oxidation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline. Used as a spin trap for the study of radicals formed by enzymatic acetaldehyde oxidation. | 4 | 14 | 0 | 1-pyrroline nitrones | neuroprotective agent; spin trapping reagent |
| 5-hydroxydecanoate 5-hydroxydecanoic acid: Potassium Channel Blocker; RN refers to parent cpd | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid | |
| hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | indole-3-acetic acids | drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| etofylline etofylline: etophyllin appeared once in PubMed: Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 May 15;136(9):213-8 as a combination drug with theophylline (spelt without e, theophllin) | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline: adenosine antagonist | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | acridines; aromatic amine | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor |
| 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane): water-soluble free-radical initiator | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | monoazo compound | |
| acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| n-acetyltryptophan N-acetyltryptophan : An N-acetylamino acid that is the N-acetyl derivative of tryptophan. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-amino acid; tryptophan derivative | metabolite |
| ethacridine Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acridines | |
| altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triamino-1,3,5-triazine | |
| ambroxol Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride. | 8.79 | 2 | 1 | aromatic amine | |
| pimagedine pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | guanidines; one-carbon compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor |
| p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | N-acylglycine | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| theophylline [no description available] | 6.92 | 40 | 2 | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent |
| amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound | cardiovascular drug |
| amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | pyrazolone | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| acetovanillone apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | acetophenones; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone | antirheumatic drug; EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug; plant metabolite |
| aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug |
| baclofen [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound | central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant |
| barbital 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid). | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | drug allergen |
| benzbromarone Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication. | 3.77 | 3 | 0 | 1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone | uricosuric drug |
| benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite |
| benzothiazide benzothiazide: structure. benzthiazide : 7-Sulfamoyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by chlorine and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzylsulfanylmethyl group. A diuretic, it is used to treat hypertension and edema. | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide | antihypertensive agent; diuretic |
| bepridil Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | pyrrolidines; tertiary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol : A member of the class of hydroquinones that is benzene-1,4-diol substituted by tert-butyl groups at position 2 and 5. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroquinones | |
| caffeine [no description available] | 9.02 | 43 | 3 | purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic |
| verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound | |
| carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dibenzoazepine; ureas | analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic |
| carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent |
| carvedilol [no description available] | 6.98 | 1 | 0 | carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent |
| chelerythrine chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | benzophenanthridine alkaloid; organic cation | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor |
| chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug |
| chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |
| 4-cresol 4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | cresol | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin |
| cx546 1-(1,4-benzodioxan-6-ylcarbonyl)piperidine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator. | 3.86 | 12 | 0 | acyclic desferrioxamine | bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore |
| diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic |
| diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent |
| diethyl pyrocarbonate Diethyl Pyrocarbonate: Preservative for wines, soft drinks, and fruit juices and a gentle esterifying agent.. diethyl pyrocarbonate : The diethyl ester of dicarbonic acid. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | acyclic carboxylic anhydride | |
| pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | pentacarboxylic acid | copper chelator |
| diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound | non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ether; tertiary amino compound | anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative |
| diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | organic cation | |
| dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots. | 8.49 | 2 | 0 | piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol | adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| diuron Diuron: A pre-emergent herbicide.. diuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which both of the hydrogens attached to one nitrogen are substituted by methyl groups, and one of the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; dichlorobenzene | environmental contaminant; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; photosystem-II inhibitor; urea herbicide; xenobiotic |
| donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent |
| 9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine 9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine: specific inhibitor of adenosine deaminase | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | ||
| ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic |
| ethylenediamine ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | GABA agonist |
| carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; hydrazone; nitrile; organofluorine compound | ATP synthase inhibitor; geroprotector; ionophore |
| felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| fenofibrate Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE | 4.37 | 2 | 2 | aromatic ether; chlorobenzophenone; isopropyl ester; monochlorobenzenes | antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic |
| fenoldopam Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzazepine | alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; dopamine agonist; dopaminergic antagonist; vasodilator agent |
| fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| gabexate Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | benzoate ester | |
| 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; a oxidative product of saligenin. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid having the two hydroxy groups at the 2- and 5-positions. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxybenzoic acid | EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human metabolite; MALDI matrix material; mouse metabolite |
| glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea | anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent |
| 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines; N-sulfonylpiperazine | EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor |
| ha 1004 N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines | |
| ethidium Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA. | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | phenanthridines | fluorochrome; intercalator |
| hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines | antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent |
| mk 473 MK 473: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic |
| lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic |
| indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 3.49 | 8 | 0 | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic |
| ipriflavone ipriflavone : A member of the class of isoflavones that is isoflavone in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by an isopropoxy group. A synthetic isoflavone, it was formerly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, although a randomised controlled study failed to show any benefit. It is still used to prevent osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; isoflavones | bone density conservation agent |
| 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine | |
| isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| juglone juglone: structure. juglone : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone with confirmed antibacterial and antitumor activities. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone | geroprotector; herbicide; reactive oxygen species generator |
| lauric acid dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. | 4.37 | 1 | 1 | medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite |
| losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position | 4.1 | 3 | 1 | biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles | angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist |
| 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound | autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione: structure given in first source; SRS-A & guanylate cyclase antagonist. 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione : A quinolone that is quinoline-5,8-dione in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by an anilino group. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline; aromatic amine; p-quinones; quinolone | antineoplastic agent; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor |
| edaravone [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | pyrazolone | antioxidant; radical scavenger |
| mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester | antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator |
| mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent |
| meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound | analgesic; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| vitamin k 3 Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | 1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical |
| mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| methantheline Methantheline: A quaternary ammonium compound that acts as an antimuscarinic agent. It has been used in the treatment of PEPTIC ULCER, in gastrointestinal disorders associated with smooth muscle spasm, and in the management of urinary incontinence, and may also be used for the treatment of HYPERHIDROSIS. | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | xanthenes | |
| nocodazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes | antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator |
| methyl methanesulfonate [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | methanesulfonate ester | alkylating agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen |
| molsidomine Molsidomine: A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.. molsidomine : A member of the class of oxadiazoles that is 1,2,3-oxadiazole substituted by morpholin-4-yl and (ethoxycarbonyl)azanidyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is used as a vasodilator drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic syndrome and congestive heart failure. | 3.39 | 7 | 0 | ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion | antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent |
| ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 3.24 | 6 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
| apnea Apnea: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration. | 10.46 | 6 | 0 | purine nucleoside | |
| activins Activins: Activins are produced in the pituitary, gonads, and other tissues. By acting locally, they stimulate pituitary FSH secretion and have diverse effects on cell differentiation and embryonic development. Activins are glycoproteins that are hetero- or homodimers of INHIBIN-BETA SUBUNITS. | 3.55 | 2 | 0 | ||
| nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound | |
| niclosamide Niclosamide: An antihelmintic that is active against most tapeworms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p48). niclosamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorosalicylic acid with the amino group of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. It is an oral anthelmintic drug approved for use against tapeworm infections. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; salicylanilides; secondary carboxamide | anthelminthic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antiparasitic agent; apoptosis inducer; molluscicide; piscicide; STAT3 inhibitor |
| nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent |
| nitrazepam Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound | anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; drug metabolite; GABA modulator; sedative |
| nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent |
| nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | nitroglycerol | explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | nitrobenzoic acid | |
| n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2. | 2 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide | antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor |
| oxonic acid Oxonic Acid: Antagonist of urate oxidase. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | 1,3,5-triazines; monocarboxylic acid | |
| quinone benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included). | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | 1,4-benzoquinones | cofactor; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines | antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent |
| 1,7-dimethylxanthine 1,7-dimethylxanthine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and theobromine in animals. | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | dimethylxanthine | central nervous system stimulant; human blood serum metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | GABAA receptor agonist |
| pentoxifylline [no description available] | 4.03 | 4 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | barbiturates | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative |
| phenolsulfonphthalein Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; phenols; sultone | acid-base indicator; diagnostic agent; two-colour indicator |
| oxophenylarsine oxophenylarsine: inhibits protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. phenylarsine oxide : An arsine oxide derived from phenylarsine. | 2 | 1 | 0 | arsine oxides | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor |
| pinacidil Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed) | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | pyridines | |
| pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones | antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic |
| piribedil Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-arylpiperazine | |
| potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt | fertilizer |
| potassium iodide Potassium Iodide: An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy. (From Dorland, 27th ed). potassium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a K(+) counterion. It is a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | potassium salt | expectorant; radical scavenger |
| prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor |
| probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups. | 4 | 4 | 0 | benzoic acids; sulfonamide | uricosuric drug |
| probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | dithioketal; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug |
| procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker |
| prometone prometone: structure. prometon : A methoxy-1,3,5-triazine that is 6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in which the one of the hydrogens of each amino group is substituted by an isopropyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methoxy-1,3,5-triazine | environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| propanil Propanil: A chlorinated anilide that is used as an herbicide.. propanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of propanoic acid with the amino group of 3,4-dichloroaniline. It is a herbicide used for the treatment of numerous grasses and broad-leaved weeds in rice, potatoes, and wheat. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide; dichlorobenzene | herbicide |
| propentofylline [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | phenols | anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative |
| propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3. | 6.97 | 1 | 0 | naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| protoporphyrin ix protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| proxyphylline [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| linsidomine linsidomine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | morpholines | |
| sodium fluoride [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | fluoride salt | mutagen |
| sodium iodide Sodium Iodide: A compound forming white, odorless deliquescent crystals and used as iodine supplement, expectorant or in its radioactive (I-131) form as an diagnostic aid, particularly for thyroid function tests.. sodium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a Na(+) counterion. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt; iodide salt | |
| stearic acid octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics. | 4.37 | 1 | 1 | long-chain fatty acid; saturated fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic |
| sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic |
| sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | pyridines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antiinfective agent; dermatologic drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| sulforaphane sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen. | 3.35 | 1 | 0 | isothiocyanate; sulfoxide | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| terbutaline Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | phenylethanolamines; resorcinols | anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent |
| testosterone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy steroid | androgen |
| tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90) | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| theobromine Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator. | 4.34 | 20 | 0 | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator agent; food component; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| tiopronin Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
| triclosan [no description available] | 3.44 | 1 | 1 | aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols | antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic |
| trifluoperazine [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines | antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |
| trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes | antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | chromanes; thiazolidinone | anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| thenoyltrifluoroacetone Thenoyltrifluoroacetone: Chelating agent and inhibitor of cellular respiration. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tyramine [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines | EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| w 7 W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| xanthurenic acid xanthurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at C-4 and C-8. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | animal metabolite; iron chelator; metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist; vesicular glutamate transport inhibitor |
| mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae. | 7.38 | 2 | 0 | mitomycin | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent |
| prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic |
| estriol hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid | estrogen; human metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. | 2.33 | 2 | 0 | alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic |
| cephaloridine Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C. | 6.97 | 1 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative | antibacterial drug |
| phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent |
| alloxan Alloxan: Acidic compound formed by oxidation of URIC ACID. It is isolated as an efflorescent crystalline hydrate.. alloxan : A member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidone | hyperglycemic agent; metabolite |
| thymidine [no description available] | 8.38 | 7 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent |
| 2-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole 2-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| benzimidazole 1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazole; polycyclic heteroarene | |
| thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | 2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine | antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ammonium salt; carbamate ester | cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic |
| aldosterone [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine | antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen |
| estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols | antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid | androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| adrenochrome Adrenochrome: Pigment obtained by the oxidation of epinephrine. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis. | 2 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| isoflurophate Isoflurophate: A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dialkyl phosphate | |
| alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite |
| serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; quinoline N-oxide | carcinogenic agent |
| aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. | 3.38 | 7 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 4.3 | 4 | 1 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor |
| sulfamic acid sulfamic acid: standard in alkalimetry; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. sulfamic acid : The simplest of the sulfamic acids consisting of a single sulfur atom covalently bound by single bonds to hydroxy and amino groups and by double bonds to two oxygen atoms. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | sulfamic acids | |
| adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. | 4.56 | 25 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| uridine [no description available] | 6.18 | 32 | 0 | uridines | drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| uridine monophosphate Uridine Monophosphate: 5'-Uridylic acid. A uracil nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. uridine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having uracil as the nucleobase. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | D-galactose; galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| carbostyril Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite |
| phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 3.68 | 10 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| phenylethyl alcohol Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2. | 4.04 | 4 | 0 | benzenes; primary alcohol | Aspergillus metabolite; fragrance; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 5.47 | 15 | 1 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| veratramine veratramine: structure. veratramine : A piperidine alkaloid comprising the 14,15,16,17-tetradehydro derivative of veratraman having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 23-positions. | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | piperidine alkaloid | |
| phlorhizin [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aryl beta-D-glucoside; dihydrochalcones; monosaccharide derivative | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. | 4.43 | 22 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties. | 8.38 | 7 | 0 | organic chloride salt | acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer |
| leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| methacholine chloride Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116) | 3.79 | 2 | 1 | quaternary ammonium salt | |
| 2-aminoisobutyric acid 2-aminoisobutyric acid: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. 2-aminoisobutyric acid : A rare, non-protein amino acid and end-product of pyrimidine metabolism, excreted in urine and found in some antibiotics of fungal origin. With the exception of a few bacteria, it is non-metabolisable, and therefore used in bioassays. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 2,2-dialkylglycine zwitterion; 2,2-dialkylglycine | |
| cytidine monophosphate Cytidine Monophosphate: Cytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. cytidine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | lactose | |
| methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. | 3.53 | 8 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| etimizol Etimizol: A xanthine-related, putative nootropic drug. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cytidine [no description available] | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | cytidines | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
| barbituric acid barbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure from Merck Index, 9th ed, #966. barbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | allergen; xenobiotic |
| mannitol [no description available] | 4.18 | 17 | 0 | mannitol | allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent |
| dithionitrobenzoic acid Dithionitrobenzoic Acid: A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate.. dithionitrobenzoic acid : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid. An indicator used to quantify the number or concentration of thiol groups. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | nitrobenzoic acid; organic disulfide | indicator |
| ornithine Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5. | 4.8 | 2 | 1 | non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; ornithine | algal metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; mouse metabolite |
| asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. | 7.41 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 7.75 | 3 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| nifenalol nifenalol: adrenergic beta-blocker with good antiarrhythmic properties; also tends to lower blood pressure & provide protection against angina; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ETHANOLAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 5.17 | 11 | 1 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| ethylene Plastipore: high density polyethylene sponge biocompatible material; used as posts in dental bridges | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | alkene; gas molecular entity | plant hormone; refrigerant |
| ethyl chloride Ethyl Chloride: A gas that condenses under slight pressure. Because of its low boiling point ethyl chloride sprayed on skin produces an intense cold by evaporation. Cold blocks nerve conduction. Ethyl chloride has been used in surgery but is primarily used to relieve local pain in sports medicine.. chloroethane : The simplest and least toxic member of the class of chloroethanes, that is ethane in which a single hydrogen is substituted by a chlorine. A colourless gas at room temperature and pressure (boiling point 12degreeC), it is used as a mild topical anaesthetic to numb the skin prior to ear piercing, skin biopsies, etc., and is also used in the treatment of sports injuries. It was formerly used in the production of tetraethyllead. | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | chloroethanes | antipruritic drug; inhalation anaesthetic; local anaesthetic |
| acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent |
| tetramethylammonium tetramethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetramethylammonium : The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| tert-butyl alcohol tert-Butyl Alcohol: An isomer of butanol that contains a tertiary butyl group that consists of three methyl groups, each separately attached to a central (tertiary) carbon.. tert-butanol : A tertiary alcohol alcohol that is isobutane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | tertiary alcohol | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| tert-butylhydroperoxide tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.. tert-butyl hydroperoxide : An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl. It is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes. | 3.61 | 9 | 0 | alkyl hydroperoxide | antibacterial agent; oxidising agent |
| pivalic acid pivalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pivalic acid : A branched, short-chain fatty acid composed of propanoic acid having two methyl substituents at the 2-position. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | branched-chain saturated fatty acid; methyl-branched fatty acid; short-chain fatty acid | |
| phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; piperidines | anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug |
| tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424) | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | primary amino compound; triol | buffer |
| bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone: structure and RN in first source. 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol : A sulfone that is diphenyl sulfone in which both of the para hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy groups. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | bisphenol; sulfone | endocrine disruptor; metabolite |
| cumene hydroperoxide cumene hydroperoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd. cumene hydroperoxide : A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | peroxol | environmental contaminant; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; oxidising agent |
| pyridoxic acid Pyridoxic Acid: The catabolic product of most of VITAMIN B 6; (PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; and PYRIDOXAMINE) which is excreted in the urine.. 4-pyridoxic acid : A methylpyridine that is 2-methylpyridine substituted by a hydroxy group at C-3, a carboxy group at C-4, and a hydroxymethyl group at C-5. It is the catabolic product of vitamin B6 and is excreted in the urine.. 4-pyridoxate : A pyridoxate that is the conjugate base of 4-pyridoxic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | hydroxymethylpyridine; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6 | human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone. | 6.98 | 1 | 0 | 6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic |
| rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones | antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin |
| 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyocyanine Pyocyanine: Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. pyocyanine : An iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group. An antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | iminium betaine; phenazines | antibacterial agent; bacterial metabolite; biological pigment; virulence factor |
| salicylanilide salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzanilide fungicide; salicylamides; salicylanilides | |
| xylitol xylooligosaccharide: structure in first source. pentitol : An alditol obtained by reduction of any pentose.. xylooligosaccharide : An oligosaccharide comprised of xylose residues. | 3.78 | 2 | 1 | ||
| n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidin-2-ones | |
| thymol Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. | 7.17 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid; phenols | volatile oil component |
| 2-phenylbutyric acid 2-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid substituted by a phenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| pseudoephedrine Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; central nervous system drug; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic |
| 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4. | 4.2 | 5 | 0 | mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene | |
| isatin tribulin: endogenous MONOAMINE OXIDASE inhibitory activity extractable into ethyl acetate found in brain and many mammalian tissues and fluids; ISATIN is a major component; produced in excess following alcohol withdrawal; | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | indoledione | EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| 2-naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.. 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2. | 2 | 1 | 0 | naphthylamine | carcinogenic agent |
| 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| quinaldic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| N-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; methoxybenzenes | |
| styrene oxide styrene oxide: structure. styrene oxide : An epoxide that is oxirane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a phenyl group. | 6.96 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| fast red b Fast Red B: structure in first source. fast red B : An organosulfonate salt composed from 2-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene-1-diazonium and 5-sulfonaphthalene-1-sulfonate in a 1:1 ratio. Used for demostrating enterochromaffin in carcinoid tumours. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate: The key substance in the biosynthesis of histidine, tryptophan, and purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.. 5-phosphoribosyl diphosphate : A ribose diphosphate carrying an additional phosphate group at position 5.. 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate : A derivative of alpha-D-ribose having a phosphate group at the 5-position and a diphosphate at the 1-position. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | 5-O-phosphono-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-bromophenacyl bromide 4-bromophenacyl bromide: phospholipidase A(2) inhibitor; structure | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| dimethyl-4-toluidine [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| styrene Styrene: A colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics.. styrene : A vinylarene that is benzene carrying a vinyl group. It has been isolated from the benzoin resin produced by Styrax species. | 7.4 | 2 | 0 | styrenes; vinylarene; volatile organic compound | mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite |
| phenylhydrazine [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | phenylhydrazines | xenobiotic |
| methylphenylsulfide thioanisole : An aryl sulfide that is thiophenol in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a methyl group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; benzenes | |
| methylenebis(chloroaniline) Methylenebis(chloroaniline): Aromatic diamine used in the plastics industry as curing agent for epoxy resins and urethane rubbers. It causes bladder, liver, lung, and other neoplasms.. 4,4'-methylene-bis-(2-chloroaniline) : A chloroaniline that consists of two 2-chloroaniline units joined by a methylene bridge. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | chloroaniline | metabolite |
| di-(4-aminophenyl)ether di-(4-aminophenyl)ether: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| diphenylguanidine diphenylguanidine: vulcanization accelerator; RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,3-diphenylguanidine : Guanidine carrying a phenyl substituent on each of the two amino groups. It is used as an accelerator in the rubber industry. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | guanidines | allergen |
| 4-Anilino-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 4-bromotoluene 4-bromotoluene: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acrolein [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | enal | herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin |
| pentane Pentanes: Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. pentane : A straight chain alkane consisting of 5 carbon atoms. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
| pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. | 4.06 | 14 | 0 | pyrrole; secondary amine | |
| thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
| mephobarbital Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | anticonvulsant |
| etryptamine etryptamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| triethylamine [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | tertiary amine | |
| sulfacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| uridine diphosphate glucose Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism. | 3.31 | 2 | 0 | UDP-D-glucose | fundamental metabolite |
| 2-aminobenzothiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| carzenide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-nitrosodimethylaniline 4-nitrosodimethylaniline: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline : A member of the class of dimethylanilines that is N,N-dimethylaniline having a nitroso group at the 4-position. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dimethylaniline; nitroso compound; tertiary amino compound | |
| nitrilotriacetic acid Nitrilotriacetic Acid: A derivative of acetic acid, N(CH2COOH)3. It is a complexing (sequestering) agent that forms stable complexes with Zn2+. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed.) | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | NTA; tricarboxylic acid | carcinogenic agent; nephrotoxic agent |
| n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine: RN given refers to parent cpd. N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine : A bicine that is a Good's buffer substance, pKa = 8.35 at 20 degreeC. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | bicine | |
| ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur. | 3.5 | 8 | 0 | dithiocarbamic acids | chelator; copper chelator |
| n-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-phenylethylamine N-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-phenylethylamine: prodrug of 2-phenylethylamine | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt: A colorimetric reagent for iron, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, and complexes of zirconium. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| mequinol mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | metabolite |
| potassium cyanide [no description available] | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; potassium salt | EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; neurotoxin |
| catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite. | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | catechin | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| phenetidine Phenetidine: Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin.. 4-ethoxyaniline : An aromatic ether that is aniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an ethoxy group. It is a hydrolysis metabolite of phenacetin. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; primary amino compound; substituted aniline | drug metabolite |
| quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives. | 3.51 | 2 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines | |
| acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom. | 4.01 | 14 | 0 | acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene | genotoxin |
| bicyclo(2.2.2)octane bicyclo(2.2.2)octane: structure in first source | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| adamantane Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | adamantanes; polycyclic alkane | |
| thiazoles [no description available] | 5.76 | 11 | 2 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| pyrimidine pyrimidine : The parent compound of the pyrimidines; a diazine having the two nitrogens at the 1- and 3-positions. | 7.66 | 3 | 0 | diazine; pyrimidines | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms. | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | diazine; pyrazines | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| cyclooctane [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nitroblue tetrazolium Nitroblue Tetrazolium: Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease. | 3.86 | 12 | 0 | organic cation | |
| triphenyltetrazolium chloride 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride : An organic chloride salt having 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium as the counterion. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt | dye; indicator |
| methylphenazonium methosulfate Methylphenazonium Methosulfate: Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | azaheterocycle sulfate salt; phenazines | |
| ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively. | 7.36 | 2 | 0 | phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines | bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic |
| diiodotyrosine Diiodotyrosine: A product from the iodination of MONOIODOTYROSINE. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, diiodotyrosine residues are coupled with other monoiodotyrosine or diiodotyrosine residues to form T4 or T3 thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE).. diiodotyrosine : A dihalogenated L-tyrosine which has two iodo-substituents on the benzyl moiety.. 3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine : A diiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying iodo-substituents at positions C-3 and C-5 of the benzyl group. It is an intermediate in the thyroid hormone synthesis. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | diiodotyrosine; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups. | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | azane; hydrazines | EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor |
| thiocyanate thiocyanate: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiocyanate : A pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | pseudohalide anion; sulfur molecular entity | human metabolite |
| 2,7-diacetylaminofluorene 2,7-diacetylaminofluorene: has been found to induce leukemia in animals; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line search 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE/AA (75-84); Index Medicus search 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE/AA (80-82), FLUORENES (75-79) | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| perfluorotributylamine perfluorotributylamine: perfluorochemical (3M Co) artificial O(2) carrier. perfluorotributylamine : An organofluorine compound that is tributylamine in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorine atoms. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | organofluorine compound | blood substitute; greenhouse gas; solvent |
| dexamethasone 21-phosphate dexamethasone 21-phosphate: has anti-inflammatory activity. dexamethasone phosphate : A steroid phosphate that is the 21-O-phospho derivative of dexamethasone. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; fluorinated steroid; steroid phosphate; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | glucocorticoid receptor agonist |
| evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
| aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | mixture | bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug |
| methylthioinosine Methylthioinosine: 6-(Methylthio)-9-beta-D-ribofuranosylpurine. An analog of inosine with a methylthio group replacing the hydroxyl group in the 6-position. | 3.37 | 1 | 1 | purine ribonucleoside; thiopurine | |
| aminoimidazole carboxamide Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4. | 4.01 | 5 | 0 | aminoimidazole; monocarboxylic acid amide | mouse metabolite |
| citrulline citrulline : The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position. | 5.03 | 3 | 1 | amino acid zwitterion; citrulline | Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; protective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| perflubron perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine. | 3.41 | 1 | 1 | haloalkane; organobromine compound; perfluorinated compound | blood substitute; radioopaque medium |
| 2-aminopurine 2-Aminopurine: A purine that is an isomer of ADENINE (6-aminopurine).. aminopurine : Any purine having at least one amino substituent.. 2-aminopurine : The parent compound of the 2-aminopurines, comprising a purine core carrying an amino substituent at the 2-position. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; nucleobase analogue | antimetabolite |
| hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione | |
| reticulin Reticulin: A scleroprotein fibril consisting mostly of type III collagen. Reticulin fibrils are extremely thin, with a diameter of between 0.5 and 2 um. They are involved in maintaining the structural integrity in a variety of organs. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline; isoquinolinol | plant metabolite |
| bicuculline Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines | agrochemical; central nervous system stimulant; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABAA receptor antagonist; neurotoxin |
| lumazine lumazine: structure. 2,4-dihydroxypteridine : Any dihydroxypteridine in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 2 and 4.. lumazine : A 2,4-dihydroxypteridine. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | 2,4-dihydroxypteridine | |
| kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid | antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist |
| 3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridinedicarboxylic acid | |
| thymoquinone thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity. | 7.21 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzoquinones | adjuvant; anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxyphenylethanol 4-hydroxyphenylethanol: in chest gland secretion of galagos. 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol : A phenol substituted at position 4 by a 2-hydroxyethyl group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | phenols | anti-arrhythmia drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; protective agent |
| alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| luminol Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations. | 4.01 | 14 | 0 | ||
| 4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid: Bepask is calcium salt | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| tropic acid tropic acid: acid moiety of ester alkaloids hyoscyamine & scopolamine; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure. tropic acid : A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a phenyl group, and one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| hydroxyhydroquinone benzene-1,2,4-triol : A benzenetriol carrying hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 4. | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzenetriol | mouse metabolite |
| methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol: Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
| malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 6.68 | 30 | 2 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
| 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid: used with iodine isotopes in radioisotope scanning; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyquinoline | |
| gentian violet Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | organic chloride salt | anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antiseptic drug; histological dye |
| 2-nitrobenzaldehyde 2-nitrobenzaldehyde: structure given in first source. 2-nitrobenzaldehyde : Benzaldehyde substituted at the ortho-position with a nitro group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzaldehydes; C-nitro compound | |
| hematoporphyrin Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| trimesic acid trimesic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid : A tricarboxylic acid that consists of benzene substituted by carboxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 5. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids; tricarboxylic acid | |
| glycerylphosphorylcholine Glycerylphosphorylcholine: A component of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES or LECITHINS, in which the two hydroxy groups of GLYCEROL are esterified with fatty acids. (From Stedman, 26th ed) | 2 | 1 | 0 | glycerophosphocholine | |
| 1-acetylisatin 1-acetylisatin: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoledione | |
| 2,6-xylenol [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | hydroxytoluene | |
| 3-hydroxyflavone 3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone. | 2 | 1 | 0 | flavonols; monohydroxyflavone | |
| 6-aminoquinoline [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-cumylphenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| 2-nitrofluorene 2-nitrofluorene: RN given refers to cpd with locant with nitro moiety in 2 position. 2-nitrofluorene : A nitroarene that is fluorene substituted by a nitro group at position 2. | 2 | 1 | 0 | nitroarene | carcinogenic agent; mutagen |
| 5-methylisatin 5-methylisatin: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine. | 3.62 | 9 | 0 | acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary |
| 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene : A methoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by methoxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 3 respectively. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | plant metabolite |
| 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone 2-amino-5-chlorbenzophenone: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diphenyliodonium diphenyliodonium: RN given refers to the parent coumpound; inhibitor of neutrophil superoxide generating oxidase; structure has been determined | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ethylnitrosourea Ethylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by ethyl and nitroso groups. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | N-nitrosoureas | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen |
| potassium citrate Potassium Citrate: A powder that dissolves in water, which is administered orally, and is used as a diuretic, expectorant, systemic alkalizer, and electrolyte replenisher.. potassium citrate (anhydrous) : The anhydrous form of the tripotassium salt of citric acid. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | potassium salt | diuretic |
| deoxycytidine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| deoxyuridine [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 2,6-dichloroindophenol 2,6-Dichloroindophenol: A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.. 2,6-dichloroindophenol : A quinone imine that is indophenol substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 6.. N-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine : 1,4-benzoquinone imine having a 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl substituent attached to the nitrogen atom. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; quinone imine | |
| diphenamid diphenamid: do not confuse with anti-inflammatory agent difenpiramide; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| benzyl viologen Benzyl Viologen: 1,1'-Bis(phenylmethyl)4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride. Oxidation-reduction indicator. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | bipyridines | |
| 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid: has anti-tumor, antiviral, hypoglycemic, antifungal and anti-HIV activities; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock. | 2.79 | 3 | 0 | zinc molecular entity | |
| cupric sulfide copper(II) sulfide : A copper sulfide in which the metal is in the +2 oxidation state. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils. | 6.54 | 18 | 1 | alpha-tocopherol | algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite |
| tocopherols [no description available] | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | ||
| pseudouridine [no description available] | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | pseudouridines | fundamental metabolite |
| 2-acetylbenzofuran 2-acetylbenzofuran: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xanthomegnin xanthomegnin: pigment isolated from pathogenic fungus, Microsporum cookei; also Penicillium viridicatum; structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyrazon pyrazon: structure; do not confuse with phenazone which is a synonym to antipyrine. chloridazon : A pyridazinone that is pyridazin-3(2H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 5, a chloro group at position 4 and a phenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; pyridazinone | environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| 2-amino-5-nitrobenzophenone 2-amino-5-nitrobenzophenone: urinary metabolite of nitrazepam | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| (4-tert-Butyl-phenoxy)-acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | |
| paraquat Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions. | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | organic cation | geroprotector; herbicide |
| tetrabutylammonium tetrabutylammonium: lipophilic probe; RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| lenacil lenacil: Russian drug. herbicide : A substance used to destroy plant pests.. lenacil : A cyclopentapyrimidine that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione substituted by a cyclohexyl group at position 3. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | cyclopentapyrimidine | agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| fluorescein Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye | fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium |
| methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate: A water-soluble ester of METHYLPREDNISOLONE used for cardiac, allergic, and hypoxic emergencies. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | corticosteroid hormone; hemisuccinate | |
| c.i. direct blue 1 [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlordesmethyldiazepam [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodiazepine | |
| thymine glycol thymine glycol: forms photodimers (thymine dimers) under UV; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | hydroxypyrimidine | |
| 2-amino-2',5-dichlorobenzophenone 2-amino-2',5-dichlorobenzophenone: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| trichloroepoxypropane Trichloroepoxypropane: A potent epoxide hydrase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitor. It enhances the tumor-initiating ability of certain carcinogens. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-phthalimidobutyric acid 4-phthalimidobutyric acid: teratogen; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| azabutyrone azabutyrone: Russian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
| sabinene sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species. | 2 | 1 | 0 | thujene | plant metabolite |
| 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)phenol : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 1,3-benzothiazole substituted by a 2-hydroxyphenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles; phenols | geroprotector |
| 4,5-dichlorocatechol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose | metabolite |
| dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol. | 4 | 14 | 0 | 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol | chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent |
| cyclic cmp Cyclic CMP: A cyclic nucleotide formed from CYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE by the action of cytidylate cyclase. It is a potential cyclic nucleotide intracellular mediator of signal transductions.. 3',5'-cyclic CMP : A 3',5'-cyclic pyrimidine nucleotide having cytosine as the nucleobase. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic pyrimidine nucleotide | human metabolite |
| n-butylbenzenesulfonamide N-butylbenzenesulfonamide: a neurotoxic plasticising agent. N-butylbenzenesulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted by a butyl group at the nitrogen atom. It has been isolated from the plant Prunus africana and has been shown to exhibit antiandrogenic activity. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | neurotoxin; plant metabolite |
| 3-phenoxybenzoic acid 3-phenoxybenzoic acid: metabolite associated with exposure to pyrethroid insecticides. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid : A phenoxybenzoic acid in which the phenoxy group is meta to the carboxy group. It is a metabolite of pyrethroid insecticides. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phenoxybenzoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite |
| carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | |
| 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(2-hydroxyethylmercapto)benzothiazole 2-(2-hydroxyethylmercapto)benzothiazole: reaction product of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, well-known rubber vulcanization accelerator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| buthionine sulfoximine Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | diastereoisomeric mixture; homocysteines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide | EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer |
| carboxin Carboxin: A systemic agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. carboxin : An anilide obtained by formal condensation of the amino group of aniline with the carboxy group of 2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiine-3-carboxylic acid. A fungicide for control of bunts and smuts that is normally used as a seed treatment. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide fungicide; anilide; enamide; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; oxacycle; secondary carboxamide | antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor |
| 2,7-dinitrofluorene [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diadenosine tetraphosphate P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate : A diadenosyl tetraphosphate compound having the two 5'-adenosyl residues attached at the P(1)- and P(4)-positions. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | diadenosyl tetraphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| olsalazine olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| meturin [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound | neurotransmitter agent |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero. | 3 | 4 | 0 | elemental mercury; zinc group element atom | neurotoxin |
| molybdenum Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase. | 6.2 | 26 | 0 | chromium group element atom | micronutrient |
| palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46. | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| platinum Platinum: A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, with atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.084, symbol Pt. It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as alutiae. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | elemental platinum; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| samarium Samarium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sm, atomic number 62, and atomic weight 150.36. The oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. | 3.4 | 1 | 1 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. | 3.47 | 6 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental silver | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| tantalum Tantalum: A rare metallic element, atomic number 73, atomic weight 180.948, symbol Ta. It is a noncorrosive and malleable metal that has been used for plates or disks to replace cranial defects, for wire sutures, and for making prosthetic devices. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | vanadium group element atom | |
| titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. | 2.66 | 2 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| tungsten Tungsten: A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | chromium group element atom | micronutrient |
| cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom | |
| cerium Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | chromium group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| gadolinium Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 4.35 | 18 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| vanadium Vanadium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | elemental vanadium; vanadium group element atom | micronutrient |
| hypochlorous acid Hypochlorous Acid: An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.. hypochlorous acid : A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | chlorine oxoacid; reactive oxygen species | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite |
| ferrous sulfate ferrous sulfate: Ferro-Gradumet is ferrous sulfate in controlled release form; RN given refers to Fe(+2)[1:1] salt. iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) : A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(2+) to sulfate ions is 1:1. Various hydrates occur naturally - most commonly the heptahydrate, which loses water to form the tetrahydrate at 57degreeC and the monohydrate at 65degreeC. | 3.69 | 10 | 0 | iron molecular entity; metal sulfate | reducing agent |
| tricalcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues. | 3.21 | 5 | 0 | calcium phosphate | |
| ferrous chloride ferrous chloride: induces convulsions; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | iron coordination entity | |
| chromates Chromates: Salts of chromic acid containing the CrO(2-)4 radical.. chromate(2-) : A chromium oxoanion resulting from the removal of two protons from chromic acid. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | chromium oxoanion; divalent inorganic anion | oxidising agent |
| copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | metal sulfate | emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser |
| tungstate [no description available] | 6.94 | 1 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; tungsten oxoanion | |
| sodium chromate(vi) sodium chromate(VI): RN given refers to cpd with (MF) CR-H2-O4.Na. sodium chromate : An inorganic sodium salt consisting of sodium and chromate ions in a 2:1 ratio. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | carcinogenic agent; diagnostic agent; oxidising agent; poison |
| fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity | bleaching agent |
| nitrous acid Nitrous Acid: Nitrous acid (HNO2). A weak acid that exists only in solution. It can form water-soluble nitrites and stable esters. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| molybdate ion molybdate : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from molybdic acid | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; molybdenum oxoanion | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs. | 2 | 1 | 0 | elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen | antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer |
| sodium selenite disodium selenite : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and selenite ions in a 2:1 ratio. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt; selenite salt | nutraceutical |
| 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan: A benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal N-NBD-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. It has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial ATPase and bacterial ATPase.. 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan : A benzoxadiazole that is 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine and at position 7 by a nitro group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | benzoxadiazole; C-nitro compound; organochlorine compound | EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.1.3 (adenosinetriphosphatase) inhibitor; fluorescent probe; fluorochrome |
| 2-bromo-N-phenylbenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| trolamine salicylate Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| coformycin [no description available] | 6.97 | 1 | 0 | coformycins | EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor |
| ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion. | 7.35 | 2 | 0 | ammonium salt; inorganic chloride | ferroptosis inhibitor |
| 4-chlorohippuric acid 4-chlorohippuric acid: metabolite of zomepirac; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid carrying a chloro substituent at position 4. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes | phenoxy herbicide |
| selegiline Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | selegiline; terminal acetylenic compound | geroprotector |
| tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 4.85 | 34 | 0 | acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator |
| 2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine 2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calcium dobesilate Calcium Dobesilate: A drug used to reduce hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy. | 2.91 | 1 | 0 | ||
| iodine [no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic iodine | human metabolite |
| metribuzin metribuzin : A member of the class of 1,2,4-triazines that is 1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 4, tert-butyl group at position 6 and a methylsulfanyl group at position 3. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-triazines; cyclic ketone; organic sulfide | agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| phosphotyrosine Phosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.. O(4)-phospho-L-tyrosine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-tyrosine phosphorylated at the phenolic hydroxy group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; O(4)-phosphotyrosine | Escherichia coli metabolite; immunogen |
| 2,6-diaminopurine 9H-purine-2,6-diamine : A member of the class of 2,6-diaminopurines that is 9H-purine in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 6 are replaced by amino groups. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | 2,6-diaminopurines; primary amino compound | antineoplastic agent |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| calcium oxalate Calcium Oxalate: The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.. calcium oxalate : The calcium salt of oxalic acid, which in excess in the urine may lead to formation of oxalate calculi (kidney stones). | 8.89 | 12 | 0 | organic calcium salt | |
| glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 5.58 | 23 | 0 | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
| torpedo Torpedo: A genus of the Torpedinidae family consisting of several species. Members of this family have powerful electric organs and are commonly called electric rays. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium azide Sodium Azide: A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). sodium azide : The sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid). | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | antibacterial agent; explosive; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mutagen |
| azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor |
| timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | timolol | anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist |
| 2,5-dimethyl-3-furancarboxanilide 2,5-dimethyl-3-furancarboxanilide: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| moricizine hydrochloride moricizine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained from equimola amounts of moricizine and hydrogen chloride. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | anti-arrhythmia drug |
| 2-benzimidazolylguanidine 2-benzimidazolylguanidine: effects chloride efflux in tissue; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aminoimidazole | |
| paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent |
| substance p [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | peptide | neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent |
| dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | catecholamine; secondary amine | beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| diflubenzuron Diflubenzuron: An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.. diflubenzuron : A benzoylurea insecticide that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced bgy a 2,6-difluorobenzoyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzoylurea insecticide; monochlorobenzenes | insect sterilant |
| ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | 1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide | anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor |
| lentinan [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pentafluorobenzoyl-n-phenylethylamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | pyridinium ion | apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin |
| ng-nitroarginine methyl ester NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension. | 5.01 | 9 | 1 | alpha-amino acid ester; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; N-nitro compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
| 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3 alpha,6 alpha-diphenylglycoluril 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3 alpha,6 alpha-diphenylglycoluril: reagent for protein iodinations; structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thidiazuron [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| phenazepam [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phenthiazamine phenthiazamine: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine T1023: radioprotective NO-Synthase Inhibitor | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide: 7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | intercalator |
| captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nicorandil Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | nitrate ester; pyridinecarboxamide | potassium channel opener; vasodilator agent |
| bw-755c 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine: A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol | adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist |
| 3-acetamidobenzoic acid N-acetyl-m-aminobenzoic acid: from Solanum laciniatum; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nedocromil Nedocromil: A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including EOSINOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; MONOCYTES; AND PLATELETS. | 4.45 | 1 | 1 | dicarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound | anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| sulotroban sulotroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dazoxiben hydrochloride [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dazoxiben dazoxiben: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| flupirtine flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aminopyridine | |
| simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug. | 4.74 | 2 | 1 | delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic) | EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug |
| pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic) | anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic |
| raloxifene hydrochloride Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator |
| cicletanine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organochlorine compound | |
| dopexamine dopexamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | catecholamine | |
| fura-2 Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| succinylsulfanilamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bimakalim bimakalim: potassium channel activator | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ziprasidone ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms. | 7.21 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-benzisothiazole; indolones; organochlorine compound; piperazines | antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist |
| adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 10.94 | 97 | 2 | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| gadolinium chloride gadolinium chloride: a macrophage inhibitor; reduces pulmonary injury and inflammatory mediator production induced by inhaled ozone | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | gadolinium coordination entity | TRP channel blocker |
| potassium superoxide [no description available] | 7.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms. | 8.22 | 6 | 0 | trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion | EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor |
| tantalum oxide tantalum oxide: RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF; used for surgical implants | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acridine orange Acridine Orange: A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.. acridine orange : Fluorescent dye useful for cell cycle determination. It is cell-permeable, and interacts with DNA and RNA by intercalation or electrostatic attractions respectively.. acridine orange free base : A member of the class of aminoacridines that is acridine carrying two dimethylamino substituents at positions 3 and 6. The hydrochloride salt is the fluorescent dye 'acridine orange', used for cell cycle determination. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aminoacridines; aromatic amine; tertiary amino compound | fluorochrome; histological dye |
| benzylaminopurine benzylaminopurine: a plant growth regulator. N-benzyladenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a benzyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 6-aminopurines | cytokinin; plant metabolite |
| ammonium peroxydisulfate ammonium persulfate : An inorganic ammonium salt in which two of the terminal hydroxy groups of peroxydisulfuric acid are deprotonated and associated with ammonium ions as counter-cations. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| potassium phosphate potassium phosphate: used in dental materials and to treat hypophosphatemia; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified MF. tripotassium phosphate : An inorganic potassium salt that is the tripotassium salt of phosphoric acid. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | inorganic phosphate salt; inorganic potassium salt | |
| trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor |
| ciprofloxacin hydrochloride anhydrous [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor |
| src-820 r [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,4(1h,3h)-quinazolinedione 2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rolofylline rolofylline: selective antagonist for adenosine receptors; a cardiovascular agent | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 3.37 | 7 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
| anisodamine anisodamine: alkaloid isolated from Chinese solanacea plant | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans | fluorochrome |
| n-methylnicotinamide N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | pyridinecarboxamide | metabolite |
| n(4)-acetylsulfadiazine N(4)-acetylsulfadiazine: main metabolite of sulfadiazine. N(4)-acetylsulfadiazine : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted by an acetylamino group at position 4 and a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is a metabolite of the drug sulfadiazine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; pyrimidines; sulfonamide | marine xenobiotic metabolite |
| iodonitrotetrazolium iodonitrotetrazolium chloride : An organic chloride salt having iodonitrotetrazolium as the counterion.. iodonitrotetrazolium : An organic cation that is the cationic component of iodonitrotetrazolium violet. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt | histological dye |
| xanthosine [no description available] | 5.1 | 14 | 0 | purines D-ribonucleoside; xanthosines | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | organic bromide salt | colorimetric reagent; dye |
| allicin [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | botanical anti-fungal agent; sulfoxide | antibacterial agent |
| thionine thionine: do not confuse with the thionins which is a class of polypeptides; RN above is for the chloride;. thionine : An organic chloride salt composed of 3,7-diaminophenothiazin-5-ium and chloride ions in a 1:1 ratio. A strongly metachromatic dye, useful for the staining of acid mucopolysaccharides. It is also a common nuclear stain and can be used for the demonstration of Nissl substance in nerve cells of the CNS. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. | 7.47 | 2 | 0 | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium: chemoluminescent probe; RN given refers to dinitrate; Lucigenin refers to dinitrate | 4.01 | 14 | 0 | ||
| aica ribonucleotide AICA ribonucleotide: purine precursor that has antineoplastic activity. AICA ribonucleotide : A 1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide that is acadesine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position has been converted to its monophosphate derivative. | 3.61 | 3 | 0 | 1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide; aminoimidazole | cardiovascular drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 4-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone 4-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone: inhibitory agent for the differentiation of mammalian tuberculosis strains from other Mycobacteria | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| o-(6)-methylguanine O-(6)-methylguanine: structure. 6-O-methylguanine : A methylguanine in which the methyl group is positioned on the oxygen at position 6. Formed in DNA by alkylation of the oxygen atom of guanine, most often by N-nitroso compounds and sometimes due to methylation by other compounds such as endogenous S-adenosylmethionine, it base-pairs to thymine rather than cytidine, causing a G:C to A:T transition in DNA.. methylguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is guanine bearing a single methyl substituent. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | methylguanine | mutagen |
| pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid: spelled pyrolidine in J Nutr 1979 reference; RN given refers to parent cpd. pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is the N-dithiocarboxy derivative of pyrrolidine. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dithiocarbamic acids; pyrrolidines | anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; NF-kappaB inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| peroxynitric acid [no description available] | 3.7 | 10 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized. | 4.46 | 5 | 1 | glutathione derivative; organic disulfide | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2'-deoxyxanthosine [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | |
| 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport; acts on ENT1 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | purine nucleoside | |
| formetamide formetamide: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isbufylline isbufylline: RN from Toxlit | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dicarbine dicarbine: minor descriptor (77-84); on-line & Index Medicus search CARBOLINES (77-84); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| web 2086 WEB 2086: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound | |
| isocytosine 2-amino-4-hydroxypyrimidine : An aminopyrimidine in which the pyrimidine ring bears amino and hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 4, respectively. | 2 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | |
| pyrocatechol violet [no description available] | 7.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| viridicatin viridicatin: structure. viridicatin : A hydroxyquinolone that is 3-hydroxyuinolin-2(1H)-one which is substituted at position 4 by a phenyl groups. Isolated from the mycelium of several Penicillium species, it exhibits strong antibiotic activity against M. tuberculosis and also against B. subtilis, S. aureus and S. cerevisiae. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyquinoline | antibacterial agent; Aspergillus metabolite; marine metabolite; Penicillium metabolite |
| 1,7-phenanthroline [no description available] | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | phenanthroline | |
| 1h-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridine 1H-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: structure given in first source. 4-azabenzimidazole : The [4,5-b]-fused isomer of imidazopyridine. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | imidazopyridine | |
| triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | 1,2,3-triazole | |
| phenylacetylglycine phenylacetylglycine : A N-acylglycine that is glycine substituted on nitrogen with a phenylacetyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid; N-acylglycine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| duroquinone tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinone: structure in first source. duroquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by methyl groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzoquinones | |
| 1,2-dithiol-3-thione 1,2-dithiol-3-thione: has antioxidant activity; structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-dithiole | |
| 7-methylxanthine [no description available] | 3.17 | 5 | 0 | oxopurine; purine alkaloid | human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 2-hydroxypyrimidine pyrimidone : A pyrimidine carrying one or more oxo substituents.. pyrimidin-2-ol : The hydroxypyrimidine that is pyrimidine mono-substituted at C-2 by a hydroxy group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | hydroxypyrimidine | electron donor; Lewis base |
| N-benzoylanthranilic acid N-benzoylanthranilic acid : An amidobenzoic acid comprising benzoic acid having a benzamido group at the 2-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| selfotel selfotel: a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist; used to treat stroke-induced impairment | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| butinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| glycine amide glycine amide: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide; glycine derivative | |
| n-(2-carboxyphenyl)glycine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acefylline acefylline: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| n,n-dimethyl-4-anisidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-methyluric acid 1-methyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione substituted by a methyl group at N-1. It is one of the metabolites of caffeine found in human urine. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | oxopurine | human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2,3-diaminonaphthalene [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-benzoylpiperidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; N-acylpiperidine | |
| 2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid: RN given for (trans)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-demethylantipyrine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
| 1,3-dimethyluric acid 1,3-dimethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trionesubstituted by methyl groups at N-1 and N-3. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | oxopurine | metabolite |
| 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-triazines | |
| 2-amino-5-bromopyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-methylxanthine 3-methyl-9H-xanthine : A 3-methylxanthine tautomer where the imidazole proton is located at the 9-position.. 3-methyl-7H-xanthine : A 3-methylxanthine tautomer where the imidazole proton is located at the 7-position. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | 3-methylxanthine | metabolite |
| n-acetylglutamic acid N-acetylglutamic acid: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid : An N-acyl-L-amino acid that is L-glutamic acid in which one of the amine hydrogens is substituted by an acetyl group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-L-amino acid; N-acyl-L-glutamic acid | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| n-benzoylalanine, (dl-ala)-isomer [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alanine derivative; N-acyl-amino acid | metabolite |
| bicinchoninic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cromakalim Cromakalim: A potassium-channel opening vasodilator that has been investigated in the management of hypertension. It has also been tried in patients with asthma. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p352) | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| irtemazole irtemazole: MF C18-H16-N4 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 7-methyladenine 7-methyladenine: potential marker for monitoring exposure to methylatingcarcinogens. 7-methyladenine : Adenine substituted with a methyl group at position N-7. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | methyladenine | metabolite |
| betamipron [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound | |
| quindoxin quindoxin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #702 | 2 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
| nobiletin nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively. | 2 | 1 | 0 | methoxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| leupeptin [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; tripeptide | bacterial metabolite; calpain inhibitor; cathepsin B inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.4 (trypsin) inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor |
| benzoylpropionic acid benzoylpropionic acid: structure in first source. 4-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid : A 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing oxo and phenyl substituents at position 4. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid | hapten |
| tetrandrine tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity | 2 | 1 | 0 | bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines | |
| 6-chlorouracil 6-chlorouracil: radiolabelled with 36Cl | 7.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xanthosine 5'-triphosphate xanthosine 5'-phosphate : xanthosine phosphate compounds having phosphate groups at position 5'.. 5'-xanthylic acid : A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having xanthine as the nucleobase. | 7.85 | 57 | 1 | purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate; xanthosine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| Evoxine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| new methylene blue [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: precursor of mutagenic nitroso cpd in soy sauce; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | harmala alkaloid | |
| thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide: structure given in first source | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ceric oxide ceric oxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF CeO2. ceric oxide : A metal oxide with formula CeO2. It is used for polishing glass, in coatings for infra-red filters to prevent reflection, and as an oxidant and catalyst in organic synthesis. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | cerium molecular entity; metal oxide | |
| N-Benzylphthalimide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | isoindoles | |
| 5-bromocytosine [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid 1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid: RN from CHEMID. 1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is uric acid in which the hydrogens at positions 1,3,7 and 9 are replaced by methyl groups. It is a purine alkaloid that is found in Chinese tea known as kucha (Camellia assamica var. kucha) and exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | oxopurine; purine alkaloid | analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| n-acetylhistidine N-acetylhistidine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-acetylhistidine : A histidine derivative that is histidine in which one of the hydrogens of the alpha-amino group is substituted by an acetyl group.. N-acetyl-L-histidine : A histidine derivative that is L-histidine having an acetyl substituent on the alpha-nitrogen. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | L-histidine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid; N-acetylhistidine | animal metabolite |
| pyromellitic diimide pyromellitic diimide: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| violapterin 2,4,7-trihydroxypteridine : A member of the class of pteridines that is pteridine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 7 have been replaced by hydroxy groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | heteroaryl hydroxy compound; pteridines | |
| 4'-bromosalicylanilide 4'-bromosalicylanilide: photoproduct from UV-irradiation of tribromsalan; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-methylguanine 3-methylguanine : A methylguanine carrying the methyl substituent at position 3.. 2-amino-3-methyl-3,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one : A 3-methylguanine that is 3,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 3.. 2-imino-3-methyl-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-6H-purin-6-one : A 3-methylguanine that is 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-6H-purin-6-one substituted by an imino group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 3.. 2-amino-3-methyl-3,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one : A 3-methylguanine that is 3,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 3. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | 3-methylguanine | |
| 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane: methoxychlor metabolite | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | bisphenol | |
| terephthalamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide | |
| isoguanine isoguanine: structure. isoguanine : An oxopurine that is 3,7-dihydro-purin-2-one in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by an amino group. | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| 3(2h)-pyridazinone, 4-chloro-5-(dimethylamino)-2-phenyl- [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-nitrophenylacetic acid (2-nitrophenyl)acetic acid : A member of the class of phenylacetic acids that is phenylacetic acid in which the phenyl grup is substituted at the ortho- position by a nitro group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; phenylacetic acids | |
| onychine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4'-methoxyflavone 4'-methoxyflavone: from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae); structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ether; flavonoids | |
| 1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane 1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane: structure given in the first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,3,7-trimethylurate 1,3,7-trimethylurate : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid.. 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8, and the nitrogens at positions 1, 3, and 7 are substituted by methyl groups. It is a metabolite of caffeine. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | oxopurine | human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2,2-diphenylpropionic acid 2,2-diphenylpropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetamide 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetamide: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid 2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)aniline 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)aniline : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a 2-aminophenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles; primary arylamine; substituted aniline | geroprotector |
| 1-methylxanthine 1-methylxanthine: urinary metabolite of caffeine. 1-methylxanthine : A monomethylxanthine having the methyl group located at the 1-position. It is a metabolite of caffeine in humans.. 1-methyl-7H-xanthine : A 1-methylxanthine tautomer where the imidazole proton is located at the 7-position. | 3.38 | 7 | 0 | 1-methylxanthine | mouse metabolite |
| N-Acetylhomoveratrylamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 6-amino-5-bromouracil [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hydroxyguanidine N-hydroxyguanidine : A member of the class of guanidines that is guanidine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a hydroxy group. | 7.4 | 2 | 0 | guanidines; one-carbon compound | antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent |
| 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-nitrophenyl dimethylcarbamate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(4-tolylsulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(4-tolylsulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; can be used for fluorometric determination of zinc; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol: serotonin metabolite; structure | 3.85 | 3 | 0 | catechols; primary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite |
| 5-methoxyindole-3-carbaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| 3,7-dimethyluric acid 3,7-dimethyluric acid: structure given in first source. 3,7-dimethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione substituted by methyl groups at N-3 and N-7. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | |
| methanesulfinic acid methanesulfinic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. methanesulfinic acid : An organosulfinic acid that is methane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a sulfino group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organosulfinic acid | |
| 6-methoxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | beta-carbolines | |
| coenzyme a [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate | coenzyme; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pd 147953 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fenozan fenozan: do not confuse with the phenothiazine phenosan | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine | anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic |
| 5-phenylbarbituric acid 5-phenylbarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde dihydroxybenzaldehyde : Any member of the class of benzaldehydes in which the phenyl ring is substituted by two hydroxy groups. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxybenzaldehyde | |
| diethylpropion hydrochloride diethylpropion hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diethylpropion. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | appetite depressant |
| homocysteine Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine; serine family amino acid | fundamental metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 1,7-dimethyluric acid 1,7-dimethyluric acid: urinary metabolite of caffeine. 1,7-dimethyluric acid : An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione substituted by methyl groups at N-1 and N-7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and is often found in human urine samples. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| adenosine 5'-methylenediphosphate [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | nucleoside diphosphate analogue | |
| 2,8-dihydroxyadenine 2,8-dihydroxyadenine: xanthine oxidase reacted adenine metabolite in epidermis of hairless mice; component of urinary stores; structure. 2,8-dihydroxyadenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 8. It is a highly insoluble metabolite of adenine that causes radiolucent urolithiasis. It is produced by individuals who suffer from adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency, a rare autosomal recessive error of purine metabolism. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | 6-aminopurines; diol; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; oxopurine | human urinary metabolite; mammalian metabolite; mouse metabolite; nephrotoxic agent |
| 1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol 1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol: chloramphenicol minus dichloroacetamide side chain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| orotidine orotidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. orotidine : A nucleoside formed by attaching orotic acid to a ribose ring via a beta-N(1)-glycosidic bond. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | nucleoside; pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid; uridines | bacterial metabolite; fungal metabolite; plant metabolite |
| firefly luciferin Firefly Luciferin: A benzothaizole which is oxidized by LUCIFERASES, FIREFLY to cause emission of light (LUMINESCENCE).. Photinus luciferin : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid consisting of 3,5-dihydrothiophene-4-carboxylic acid having a 6-hydroxybenzothiazol-2-yl group at the 2-position. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; benzothiazoles; imidothioate | luciferin |
| dithiobis(succinimidylpropionate) dithiobis(succinimidylpropionate): used to study interactions of structural proteins; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| beta-hydroxyphenylalanine beta-hydroxyphenylalanine: RN given refers to beta cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyrimidine dimers Pyrimidine Dimers: Dimers found in DNA chains damaged by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They consist of two adjacent PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES, usually THYMINE nucleotides, in which the pyrimidine residues are covalently joined by a cyclobutane ring. These dimers block DNA REPLICATION. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyrroline pyrroline: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locant for dihydro moiety. pyrroline : Any organic heteromonocyclic compound with a structure based on a dihydropyrrole. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | pyrroline | |
| pyrogallol sulfonphthalein [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(n-salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole 3-(N-salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole: synthetic chelating agent used chiefly to inhibit corrosion of copper | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline | |
| acridine-9-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-chloroadenine 6-amino-2-chloropurine: RN & structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid: from Streptomyces cinnamonensis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source. phenazine-1-carboxylic acid : An aromatic carboxylic acid that is phenazine substituted at C-1 with a carboxy group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; phenazines | antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| 4,5-diphenyl-1,5-dihydroimidazol-2-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 2-phenylsuccinate [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(methoxyphenyl)ethanone 2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(methoxyphenyl)ethanone: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-n-butylaminobenzoic acid 4-n-butylaminobenzoic acid: degradation product of tetracaine. 4-(butylamino)benzoic acid : 4-Aminobenzoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a butyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amino acid | |
| fluoren-9-ol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(2-carboxyethyl)uracil [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-benzylindole 1-benzylindole: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,3-bis(2-pyridinyl)quinoxaline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
| 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls formed formally by chlorination of biphenyl-4,4'-diol at C-3, -3', -5 and -5'. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; hydroxybiphenyls | |
| 5-nitro-2-(1-piperidinyl)pyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 2-amino-5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridine 2-amino-5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-benzyloxytryptophan [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,5-diethoxy-4-morpholinoaniline 2,5-diethoxy-4-morpholinoaniline: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-hydroxy-3-phenacyloxindole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| carbobenzoxyphenylalanine, (dl-phe)-isomer [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ribavirin 5'-diphosphate ribavirin-5'-phosphate: RN given refers to 5'-phosphate cpd; structure. ribavirin 5'-monophosphate : A 1-ribosyltriazole that is ribavirin in which the hydroxy group at the 5'-position is replaced by a phosphonooxy group. It is the active metabolite of the antiviral agent ribavirin. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide; ribose monophosphate | antiviral agent; drug metabolite; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; human blood serum metabolite |
| cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | cobalt group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; secondary amino compound | metabolite |
| mizoribine [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | anticoronaviral agent |
| calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate: Molecular formula CaHPO(4)-2(H2O) | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | calcium salt; hydrate | |
| s-nitrosoglutathione [no description available] | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | glutathione derivative; nitrosothio compound | bronchodilator agent; nitric oxide donor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; signalling molecule |
| diacetyldichlorofluorescein diacetyldichlorofluorescein: stable storage form of dichlorofluorescein | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| paxilline paxilline: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4bbeta,6aalpha,12bbeta,12calpha,14abeta))-isomer. paxilline : An indole diterpene alkaloid with formula C27H33NO4 isolated from Penicillium paxilli. It is a potent inhibitor of large conductance Ca2(+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK)-type channels. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | diterpene alkaloid; enone; organic heterohexacyclic compound; terpenoid indole alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | anticonvulsant; Aspergillus metabolite; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; genotoxin; geroprotector; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; potassium channel blocker |
| u 78517f U 78517F: iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given is for diHCl | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hypotaurine [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aminosulfinic acid; zwitterion | human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| gamma-fagarine gamma-fagarine: active alkaloid of Chinese medicines from Dictamni radicis cortex (Rutaceae); structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| schizandrin b schizandrin B: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent with anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from Schisandra plant | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis. | 3.6 | 3 | 0 | 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent |
| deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| anserine Anserine: A dipeptide containing BETA-ALANINE.. anserine : A dipeptide comprising of beta-alanine and 3-methyl-L-histidine units. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | beta-alanine derivative; dipeptide; zwitterion | animal metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| cinnabarinic acid cinnabarinic acid: structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | phenoxazine | |
| s-sulphocysteine S-sulphocysteine: residues in physiologically significant proteins treated with sulfite; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. S-sulfo-L-cysteine : An S-substituted L-cysteine where the S-substituent is specified as a sulfo group. | 7.75 | 3 | 0 | organic thiosulfate; S-substituted L-cysteine | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| geraniin Geraniin: in various plants; structure in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fe(ii)-edta Fe(II)-EDTA: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | iron coordination entity | |
| 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate: structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-bromo-a-23187 4-bromo-A-23187: ionophore with enhanced calcium ion transport specificity | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-gamma-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-carboxymethyl-6-benzyl-2,5-diketopiperazine 3-carboxymethyl-6-benzyl-2,5-diketopiperazine: formed in aqueous solution by aspartame; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound | |
| 4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide 4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| weddellite weddellite: calcium oxalate (stones) mineral | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| emoxypine succinate emoxypine succinate: has antihypoxic effects | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-carbamyltryptophan N-carbamyltryptophan: RN given refers to (D)-isomer | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone 2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| carbene carbene: electrically neutral species H2C: and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons; carbene is the name of the parent hydride :CH2 ; hence, the name dichlorocarbene for :CCl2. However, names for acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons containing one or more divalent carbon atoms are derived from the name of the corresponding all-4-hydrocarbon using the suffix -ylidene; methylene carbene also available. carbene : The electrically neutral species H2C(2.) and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons, which may be spin-paired (singlet state) or spin-non-paired (triplet state). | 8.95 | 3 | 0 | carbene; methanediyl | |
| peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES). | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| fullerene c60 Fullerenes: A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.. fullerene : A compound composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with twelve five-membered rings and the rest six-membered rings. The term has been broadened to include any closed cage structure consisting entirely of three-coordinate carbon atoms. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | fullerene | geroprotector |
| n,n-dimethylarginine N,N-dimethylarginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine; do not confuse with N,N'-dimethylarginine. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative having two methyl groups both attached to the primary amino moiety of the guanidino group. | 3.41 | 1 | 1 | dimethylarginine; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
| 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| 4-carbamoylimidazolium 5-olate 4-carbamoylimidazolium 5-olate: purine antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd. 5-hydroxyimidazole-4-carboxamide : A hydroxyimidazole that is 5-hydroxyimidazole in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyimidazole; monocarboxylic acid amide | antineoplastic agent |
| sb 211475 SB 211475: a carvedilol metabolite; structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-propylxanthine 1-propylxanthine: structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dihydroethidium dihydroethidium: RN given is for the (+-)-isomer | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | ||
| 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,5-diphenyl-1h-pyrazole 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-methyoxybenzoyl-n-glycine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | |
| 5-ethoxy-2-ethylmercaptobenzimidazole 5-ethoxy-2-ethylmercaptobenzimidazole: has activating effect on peritoneal macrophages; RN given does not give position for ethoxy group | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mdl 73404 MDL 73404: structure given in first source; a hydrophilic cardioselective free radical scavenger; analog of alpha-tocopherol | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(dicyclopropylmethyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine 8-(dicyclopropylmethyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine: selective A1 adenosine receptor antagonist; structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-(n,n-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-7-hydrazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole 4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-7-hydrazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole: used for the determination of medroxyprogesterone acetate in serum; structure given in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5(6)-1(2h)-phthalazinonyl-4(1h)-benzimidazole-2-carbamate methyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent. | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| febuxostat Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT.. febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout. | 5.35 | 7 | 2 | 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; nitrile | EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor |
| 3-nitrobenzothiazolo(3,2-a)quinolinium 3-nitrobenzothiazolo(3,2-a)quinolinium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| n-phenyliminodiacetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-nitro-2'-deoxyuridine [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| teomorfolin teomorfolin: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(1-piperidinyl)-1-propanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
| n-(aminocarbonyl)-2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinepropionic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(methylsulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(methylsulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| copper bis(histidinate) copper bis(histidinate): RN given refers to N,N(3),O(L)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-hydroxypyrazinamide 5-hydroxypyrazinamide: metabolite of pyrazinamide | 3.37 | 1 | 1 | carboxamide; pyrazines | |
| hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent. | 6.35 | 62 | 0 | oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species | |
| samarium oxide [no description available] | 3.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| singlet oxygen Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | chalcogen; monoatomic oxygen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
| fenton's reagent Fenton's reagent: used for oxidizing sugars & alcohols | 3.61 | 9 | 0 | ||
| n(4)-acetylsulfamonomethoxine N(4)-acetylsulfamonomethoxine: main urinary metabolite of sulfamonomethoxine in pigs | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(4-benzenesulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(4-benzenesulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methindione methindione: used in treatment of epilepsy; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine 1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine: structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid 5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid: metabolite of pyrazinamide | 3.37 | 1 | 1 | ||
| isovitexin [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone | EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| asenapine asenapine : A racemate consisting of equal amounts of (R,R)- and (S,S)-asenapine. Used as its maleate salt for the acute treatment of schizophrenia and acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder with or without psychotic features.. (S,S)-asenapine : A 5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydrodibenzo[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole in which both of the stereocentres have S configuration. | 7.25 | 1 | 0 | 5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydrodibenzo[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole | |
| hydromethylthionine hydromethylthionine: reduced form of methylene blue. leucomethylene blue : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine in which the ring hydrogens at positions 3 and 7 have been replaced by dimethylamino groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; phenothiazines; tertiary amino compound | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; fluorochrome; mouse metabolite; rat metabolite |
| 3,4-dihydroxybenzophenone 3,4-dihydroxybenzophenone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-formamidoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribotide 5-formamidoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribotide: purine precursor | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| amplex red Amplex Red: a component of the Amplex Red Hydrogen Peroxide Assay Kit | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| anacardic acid anacardic acid: isolated from Anacardium occidentale; monophenol monooxygenase inhibitor. anacardic acid : A hydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by a pentadecyl group at position 6. It is a major component of cashew nut shell liquid and exhibits an extensive range of bioactivities. | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybenzoic acid | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| 1,3-dipropylxanthine 1,3-dipropylxanthine: has high affinity for adenosine receptors; structure given in first source | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gamma-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. | 7.43 | 2 | 0 | biotins; vitamin B7 | coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V). | 5.11 | 10 | 1 | amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II | human metabolite |
| 2-[(3-oxo-1-cyclohexenyl)amino]benzonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; nitrile | |
| 2-hydroxy-6-methylpurine [no description available] | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| methyl-1alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-oate methyl-1alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-oate: structure; RN given refers to (1alpha,7alpha)-isomer | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isonicotinylamide gaba [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 6-(n-(4-aminobutyl)-n-ethyl)amino-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione 6-(N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethyl)amino-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione: forms a conjugate with progesterone; conjugate used for immunoassay of plasma progesterone | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| fe(iii)-edta Fe(III)-EDTA: iron fortifying agent; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | iron coordination entity | |
| 5-fluorotryptamine monohydrochloride [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-iodo-n-(2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl)benzamide 4-iodo-N-(2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl)benzamide: the iodinated analog of moclobemide; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole 3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| purine n-oxide purine N-oxide: RN given refers to the 3-oxide | 6.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-(4-aminophenylsulfonyl)morpholine compound 82 208: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1H-indol-3-yl-(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylindole | |
| succinobucol succinobucol: monosuccinic acid ester of probucol; a metabolically stable modification of probucol, an equipotent antioxidant to probucol but is pharmacologically distinct | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzoate ester; phenols | |
| 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(1-phenylethyl)acetamide N-(1-phenylethyl)acetamide : A member of the class of acetamides resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 1-phenylethylamine with 1 mol eq. of acetic acid. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; secondary carboxamide | |
| deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human blood serum metabolite |
| alpha-(trichloromethyl)-4-pyridineethanol alpha-(trichloromethyl)-4-pyridineethanol: activates caspase-3 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridines | |
| ml 204 ML 204: modulates both TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| eudesmin eudesmin: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source; very similar to pinoresinol | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 4.12 | 3 | 1 | 2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| 2-amino-4-methyl-3-nitropyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-hydroxyisourate 5-hydroxyisouric acid : An oxopurine that is 5,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(9H)-trione in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted by a hydroxy group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| anisomycin Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxypyrrolidine; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic | anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; bacterial metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-2-oxazoline 4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-2-oxazoline: Anticonvulsant | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calendula Calendula: A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain CAROTENOIDS, essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE), flavonoids, mucilage, SAPONINS, and STEROLS. The plants are used both topically and internally. The common name of Marigold is also used for TAGETES. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-acetylhistidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | histidine derivative; N-acetyl-amino acid | |
| emimycin [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(1-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 4-methoxyxanthone 4-methoxyxanthone: a vasodilator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-phenoxyacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 1-phenylindolin-2-one 1-phenylindolin-2-one: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(benzenesulfonyl)indole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 2,4,4,6-Tetramethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dihydropyridine | |
| pifithrin mu 2-phenylacetylenesulfonamide: induces p53-independent apoptotic killing of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells; also inhibits Hsp70 and autophagy | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
| 2-benzyloxybenzaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-guanidine-4-methylquinazoline 2-guanidine-4-methylquinazoline: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-phenylcarbamic acid 2-phenoxyethyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester | |
| trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-3-ol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| calcein am calcein AM: a non-fluorescent compound cleaved to a fluorescent compound by non-specific intracellular esterases. calcein am : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is calcein in which all four carboxy group hydrogens have been substituted by (acetyloxy)methoxy groups and the hyrodgens of the two hydroxy groups have been substituted by acetyl groups. It is a a non-fluorescent probe cleaved to a fluorescent probe by non-specific intracellular esterases. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; acetate ester; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; xanthene dye | fluorochrome |
| mequindox Mequindox: a synthetic quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide derivative which can effectively improve growth and feed efficiency in animals; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dihydropyridines Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,3-diaminophenazine 2,3-diaminophenazine: product form horseradish peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of o-phenylenediamine | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| leupeptins Leupeptins: A group of acylated oligopeptides produced by Actinomycetes that function as protease inhibitors. They have been known to inhibit to varying degrees trypsin, plasmin, KALLIKREINS, papain and the cathepsins. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 5'-methylthioadenosine 5'-methylthioadenosine: structure. 5'-S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine : Adenosine with the hydroxy group at C-5' substituted with a methylthio (methylsulfanyl) group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | thioadenosine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| bradykinin [no description available] | 7.41 | 2 | 0 | oligopeptide | human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| hexacyanoferrate iii hexacyanoferrate III: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | D-glucosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| elastin [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| mevalonic acid Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid | |
| raffinose Raffinose: A trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal.. raffinose : A trisaccharide composed of alpha-D-galactopyranose, alpha-D-glucopyranose and beta-D-fructofuranose joined in sequence by 1->6 and 1<->2 glycosidic linkages, respectively. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | raffinose family oligosaccharide; trisaccharide | mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| xanthosine 5'-triphosphate xanthosine 5'-triphosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; xanthosine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone | oxytocic; vasodilator agent |
| inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | myo-inositol trisphosphate | mouse metabolite |
| ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus. | 3.37 | 7 | 0 | 11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| pentostatin Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | coformycins | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor |
| nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| dehydroascorbic acid Dehydroascorbic Acid: The reversibly oxidized form of ascorbic acid. It is the lactone of 2,3-DIKETOGULONIC ACID and has antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion.. L-dehydroascorbate : An organic anion and the conjugate base of L-dehydroascorbic acid, arising from deprotonation of the acidic C2-position.. L-dehydroascorbic acid : Dehydroascorbic acid having the L-configuration. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | dehydroascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; mouse metabolite |
| hygrine hygrine: RN given refers to (R)-isomer. hygrine : A 1-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)acetone that has R configuration. It is a pyrrolidine alkaloid found in the coca plant, Erythroxylum coca. | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | 1-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)acetone; pyrrolidine alkaloid | plant metabolite |
| ryanodine Ryanodine: A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.. ryanodine : An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| microlenin microlenin: from Helenium microcephalum; RN given refers to (3'aR-(3'aalpha,4'abeta,5'alpha(3aS*,4S*,4aR*,7aR*,8R*,9aR*),7'beta,7'aalpha,8'alpha,9'aalpha))-isomer; structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | sesquiterpene lactone | |
| Girgensonine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrile | |
| Dubinidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| lignans Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed) | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor. | 3.69 | 10 | 0 | tripeptide | |
| ergonovine Ergonovine: An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE contractile properties.. ergometrine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is lysergamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl group (S-configuration). An ergot alkaloid that has a particularly powerful action on the uterus, its maleate (and formerly tartrate) salt is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | diagnostic agent; fungal metabolite; oxytocic; toxin |
| betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds. | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| acetyl coenzyme a Acetyl Coenzyme A: Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. | 3.12 | 1 | 0 | acyl-CoA | acyl donor; coenzyme; effector; fundamental metabolite |
| tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | retinoic acid; vitamin A | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule |
| arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid | Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | resveratrol | antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | retinol; vitamin A | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | octadec-9-enoic acid | antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent |
| tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | macrolide lactam | bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| 1,5-dihydro-fad 1,5-dihydro-FAD: chromophore component of E coli DNA photolyase | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | flavin adenine dinucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone | calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor |
| mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases. | 10.69 | 19 | 1 | 2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols | anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic |
| lycopene [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | acyclic carotene | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| y 27632 Y 27632: RN given for di-HCl salt; inhibits Rho-associated protein kinase; inhibits calcium sensitization to affect smooth muscle relaxation; structure in first source. Y-27632 : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| violaxanthin violaxanthin: a carotene epoxide that is precursor to capsanthin; one of 3 xanthophylls involved in evolution of plastids of green plants (oxygen evolution); 3 (violaxanthin, zeaxanthin & antheraxanthin) participate in series of photo-induced interconversions known as ''violaxanthin cycle''; structure; cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoids (violaxanthin) to xanthoxin, catalyzed by 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, is the key regulatory step of ABSCISIC ACID biosynthesis. violaxanthin : An epoxycarotenol that is 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-5,6:5',6'-diepoxy-beta,beta-carotene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 3'. It is the naturally occurring xanthophyll pigment found in a variety of plants.. all-trans-violaxanthin : The all-trans-stereoisomer of violaxanthin. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | violaxanthin | food colouring |
| diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | olefinic compound; polyphenol | antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen |
| tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase). | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug |
| N-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| azaserine Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | carboxylic ester; diazo compound; L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | antifungal agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; glutamine antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite |
| benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino aldehyde; carbamate ester; tripeptide | proteasome inhibitor |
| 4-(2-oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinyl)aniline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles | |
| riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms). | 8.36 | 7 | 0 | flavin; vitamin B2 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite |
| 2-[(4-nitrophenyl)methylthio]-1,3-benzoxazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
| sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt | antacid; food anticaking agent |
| tempace tempace: structure in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aminoxyls; piperidinecarboxamide; secondary carboxamide | radiation protective agent; radical scavenger |
| 3-oxido-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-f]cinnolin-3-ium [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridazines | |
| 3-(2,4-difluoroanilino)-5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | substituted aniline | |
| 1-phenyl-4-pyrazolol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
| 3-(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)-1,2-benzothiazole 1,1-dioxide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| 3-benzamido-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| N-[2-(3-methylphenoxy)ethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 7-(4-(tert-butyl)benzyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1h-purine-2,6(3h,7h)-dione 7-(4-(tert-butyl)benzyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione: an activator of Kir6.2/SUR1; structure in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(1H-indol-3-ylthio)acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| 3-bromo-N-[2-(4-nitroanilino)ethyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| 3-Methylbenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2H-tetrazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | tetrazoles | |
| 1-(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 4-[[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| 2-phenylindole-3-carbaldehyde 2-phenylindole-3-carbaldehyde: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-(2-pyridinylthio)benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-phenyl-2-thiazolamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 3-[6-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenyl-4-pyrimidinyl]aniline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidines | |
| glycosides [no description available] | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | ||
| chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone. | 3.73 | 2 | 0 | chalcone | EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor |
| isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 3.31 | 6 | 0 | isomethyleugenol | |
| 7-methoxyisoflavone 7-methoxyisoflavone : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 7. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 7-methoxyisoflavones | |
| retinaldehyde Retinaldehyde: A diterpene derived from the carotenoid VITAMIN A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of RHODOPSIN (i.e., covalently bonded to ROD OPSIN as 11-cis-retinal). When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer.. all-trans-retinal : A retinal in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 2 | 1 | 0 | retinal; vitamin A | gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | stilbene | |
| phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone: a spin-trapping agent | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| flavin-adenine dinucleotide Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide: A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972) | 4.81 | 10 | 0 | flavin adenine dinucleotide; vitamin B2 | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prosthetic group |
| pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups. | 7 | 1 | 0 | diphosphate ion | |
| LSM-32392 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| N-[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl]-4-(4-morpholinylmethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-(1-benzimidazolyl)-3-(1-cyclohex-3-enylmethoxy)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-[2-(2-furanylmethylthio)ethyl]-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-acetamido-5-chloro-2-benzofurancarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| [4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dimethoxybenzene | |
| 4-[4-methyl-6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-arylpiperazine | |
| haplamine haplamine: isolated from Haplophyllum acutifolium; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| 2-ethoxy-N-[4-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 2-[(5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio]-1-phenylethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| cholinophyllin [no description available] | 2.62 | 3 | 0 | ||
| prednisolone hemisuccinate prednisolone hemisuccinate: RN given refers to (11 beta)-isomer. prednisolone succinate : A hemisuccinate resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy group prednisolone with one of the carboxy groups of succinic acid. It is used to treat mild to moderate non-infectious eye allergies and inflammation, including damage caused by chemical and thermal burns. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; hemisuccinate; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-inflammatory drug |
| 1-ethyl-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinazoline 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinazoline : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by pyridin-4-yl and pyrrolidin-1-yl groups, respectively. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridines; pyrrolidines; quinazolines | |
| sesquiterpenes [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. | 4.77 | 7 | 1 | aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| scp 1 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-4-methoxybenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-3-chlorobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 4-methoxy-N-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-phenylmethoxybenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| N-(2-furanylmethyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| thioinosine Thioinosine: Sulfhydryl analog of INOSINE that inhibits nucleoside transport across erythrocyte plasma membranes, and has immunosuppressive properties. It has been used similarly to MERCAPTOPURINE in the treatment of leukemia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p503) | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; thiadiazoles | |
| te 5 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[[anilino(oxo)methyl]amino]-4,5-dimethyl-3-thiophenecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| 6-methylflavone 6-methylflavone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | caffeic acid | geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| 2-methoxy-N-(2-pyridinyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 2-chloro-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| N1-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-4-nitrobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| N-[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl]-4-fluorobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| tioxazafen tioxazafen : A 1,2,4-oxadizole in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 5 have been replaced by phenyl and thiophen-2-yl groups, respectively. It is used as a broad spectrum nematicidal seed treatment. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-oxadiazole; thiophenes | agrochemical; nematicide |
| N-[5-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-nitroethylene 4-methoxy-beta-nitrostyrene: has vasodilator activity; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| brd32048 BRD32048: inhibits ETV1 oncoprotein; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; substituted aniline | |
| 2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| 5-(2-phenyl-4-triazolyl)-2H-tetrazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| N-cyclohexyl-2,3-dihydroindole-1-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indolyl carboxylic acid | |
| 4-(benzylsulfanyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4-(benzylsulfanyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine : A thienopyrimidine that is thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by a benzylsulfanediyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; benzenes; thienopyrimidine | |
| 2-methyl-5-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-3-(1-pyrrolyl)-4-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound | |
| 1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-methoxy-N-methyl-2-indolecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indolecarboxamide | |
| N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-methoxybenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio]ethan-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 2-(9h-xanthen-9-yl)-malonic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | xanthenes | |
| 1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-phenylurea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 1-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-benzimidazol-4-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| N-(4-acetamidophenyl)-2-bromobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 4-bromo-N-phenacylbenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 1-(2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl)-2-(phenylthio)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| N-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-benzotriazolyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| N,N-dimethyl-N'-p-tolylsulfamide N,N-dimethyl-N'-p-tolylsulfamide : A member of the class of sulfamides that is N,N-dimethylsulfuric diamide substituted by a 4-methylphenyl group at the amino nitrogen atom. It is a metabolite of the agrochemical tolylfluanid. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfamides | marine xenobiotic metabolite |
| 2-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenol 2-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenol: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-phenylethyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
| 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-phenylurea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-4-phenylpiperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-phenethyl-2-furamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; heteroarene | |
| paromomycin sulfate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N,N,2-trimethyl-1-phenyl-5-benzimidazolesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-(phenylmethyl)-4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-thiazolamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine | |
| N-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| 2-amino-5-ethyl-4-(2-furanyl)-6-propyl-3-pyridinecarbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrile; pyridines | |
| 2-ethoxy-N-[5-(methoxymethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| vu0099704 VU0099704: an antagonist of protease activated receptor 4 (PAR-4); structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
| 1-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| 2-methyl-N-(1-methyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-yl)propanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrroloquinoline | |
| 2-methyl-5-[(2-methyl-4-quinolinyl)thio]-1,3,4-thiadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 5-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1h-pyrido(3,2-b)indole-3-carbonitrile VRX-413638: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| (3-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[d]imidazol-2-yl)-phenylmethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 2-fluoro-N-phenacylbenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 4-(methoxymethyl)-6-methyl-2-(2-methylanilino)-3-pyridinecarbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrile; pyridines | |
| 1-azepanyl-[2-methoxy-4-(methylthio)phenyl]methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; thiol | |
| GS4012 free base GS4012 free base : A member of the class of pyridines that is 2-(pyridin-4-yl)ethane-1-thiol in which the thiol hydrogen is replaced by a 4-methoxyphenyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; monomethoxybenzene; pyridines | VEGF activator |
| N-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-5-benzimidazolyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 2-(4-methylanilino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N(2)-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycinamide N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N(2)-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycinamide : An amino acid amide obtained by the formal condensation of 2,6-dimethylaniline with N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide; glycine derivative | |
| 2-[4-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-arylpiperazine | |
| 1-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 4-Piperidinobenzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperidines | |
| 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(3-thiophenylmethyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-(1-methyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-yl)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrroloquinoline | |
| 4-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-2-thiazolamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 4-[(4-phenyl-2-thiazolyl)amino]benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| N-[7-(1-oxopropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxine | |
| N-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| n-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine N-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine: an SK channel inhibitor | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2'-nitroflavone 2'-nitroflavone: has antineoplastic activity | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline | |
| 1-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-2-propyn-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic compound | |
| vrt 532 VRT 532: a CFTR potentiator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-[[4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 1-piperonylpiperidine 1-piperonylpiperidine: an AMPA receptor modulator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl-(phenylmethyl)amino]ethanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| 2-methoxy-4-[[2-(methylthio)anilino]methyl]phenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| 6-ethyl-5-methyl-2-thiophen-2-yl-1H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazolopyrimidine | |
| N-[4-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(6-phenyl-5-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| 2-(phenylmethylthio)-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 5-methyl-N-(4,5,6-trimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
| 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 2-{[hydroxy(2-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | |
| (4-methoxyphenyl)-(3-methyl-2-propyl-4-imidazolyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-2-chlorobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N4,N4-dimethyl-N1-(4-nitro-1,1-dioxo-2,5-dihydrothiophen-3-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | |
| 2-bromo-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 2-methoxy-4-[(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)methyl]-6-nitrophenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound | |
| 3-[[(2,5-dimethyl-3-furanyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-(6-quinoxalinyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
| 2-(dimethylsulfamoylamino)-9H-fluorene [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | fluorenes | |
| 4-chloro-1-ethyl-3-nitro-2-quinolinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitro compound; quinolines | |
| 4-chloro-3-nitro-1-(phenylmethyl)-2-quinolinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2,5-dimethyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pyrrole-3,4-dicarboxaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | arenecarbaldehyde | |
| 2-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 4-methyl-N-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-3-thiophenecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| N-(5-amino-1-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2,2,2-trichloroacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| N-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)-3-phenylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| N-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organofluorine compound | |
| 4-tert-butyl-N-(1,4-dioxo-2,3-dihydrophthalazin-5-yl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| N-[2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalimides | |
| 6-(1,4,5,7-tetramethyl-6-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinyl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 5-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-3-pyridin-4-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oxadiazole; ring assembly | |
| 5-(phenylmethyl)-3-(2-pyridinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridines | |
| purine-nucleoside phosphorylase nucleoside phosphorylase: from Klebsiella sp.; acts on both purine & pyrimidine nucleosides & catalyzes the production of AraA from uridine arabinoside (AraU) & adenine | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-methyl-5-(1-pyrrolidinyl)isoindole-1,3-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalimides | |
| (2'-(4-aminophenyl)-(2,5'-bi-1h-benzimidazol)-5-amine) [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-carbazole-3-carbohydrazide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbazoles | |
| N-(3-carbamoyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | primary carboxamide; pyrazines; secondary carboxamide | |
| N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-methyl-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
| 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxine | |
| 8-[(2-methyl-5-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio]quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 1-[2-(2-chlorophenoxy)ethyl]benzimidazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 4,5-dimethyl-2-[4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2-thiazolyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 2-(4-fluoro-N-methylsulfonylanilino)-N-(3-methylphenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-pyridinylthio)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 3-methyl-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazolopyridazine | |
| N-(3-acetylphenyl)-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| oncrasin-1 oncrasin-1: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. oncrasin-1 : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by 4-chlorobenzyl and formyl groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is an anti-cancer agent that is active against lung cancer cells with K-Ras mutations. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | arenecarbaldehyde; indoles; monochlorobenzenes | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer |
| N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-nitrobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 5-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-(4-anilinophenyl)-2-methylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| N-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-phenylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 1-[(Phenylthio)acetyl]piperidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylpiperidine | |
| N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-3-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oxadiazole; ring assembly | |
| 4-[(4-carboxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)methyl]-5-methyl-2-furancarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| 4-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-3-quinolinol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2-bromo-N-[3-(1-oxopropylamino)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 3-acetyl-2-methylbenzo[f]benzofuran-4,9-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | naphthofuran | |
| 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; heteroarene | |
| 1-azepanyl-[4-[(phenylthio)methyl]phenyl]methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-(5-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-fluorophenoxy)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-2-(2-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 3,4,5-triethoxy-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-propylsulfonyl-4-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyridines | |
| 2-(2-phenylethylthio)-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines | |
| 2-(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)-N-pyridin-4-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 2-[[anilino(oxo)methyl]amino]-N-(phenylmethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(5-acetyl-4-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-5-bromo-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | thiazoles | |
| 1-cyclohexyl-3-(3-ethylphenyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| n-phenylpiracetam N-phenylpiracetam: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[(1-methyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]-N-(2-phenylphenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | biphenyls | |
| N-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)phenyl]-2-nitrobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. | 7.7 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger |
| 4-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-ylmethyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines | |
| 5-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 3-[[(3,5-dichloro-4-ethoxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1,4-bis(thiophen-2-ylsulfonyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-sulfonylpiperazine; thiophenes | |
| 2-bromo-N-[3-(1-oxobutylamino)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-[(6-nitro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl]piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| n-(1-benzyl-4-piperidinyl)-2,4-dichlorobenzamide N-(1-benzyl-4-piperidinyl)-2,4-dichlorobenzamide: inhibits the betaine-GABA transporter 1; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[[2-(5-methyl-2-thiophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]thio]-3-phenyl-4-quinazolinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| 1-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-5-yl)-3-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | morpholines | |
| ethyl 4-{N-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-N-methylglycyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate ethyl 4-{N-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-N-methylglycyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen carries methyl and 2-[4-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl substituents and the sulfonyl a 4-chlorophenyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; sulfonamide | |
| LSM-4563 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 1-(4-chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-4-phenylpiperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-[4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-chloro-3-(1-piperidinylsulfonyl)-N-(2-thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-4-(phenylmethyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-[(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-[4-(benzenesulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2-methylquinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyridines | |
| 1-(6-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-quinolinyl)-2-[[5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]thio]ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| N2-phenyl-6-[[(1-phenyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]methyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | tetrazoles | |
| 2-[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)thio]-N-(4,5-diphenyl-2-oxazolyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles | |
| 2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyridines | |
| 2-amino[1,3]thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-5,7-diol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | thiazolopyrimidine | |
| 3-[[(2-cyclohexyl-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 3-[[[3-(1-azepanylsulfonyl)-4-chlorophenyl]-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 6-thioxanthine 6-thioxanthine: gpt/6-TXenzyme/prodrug pair is a promising alternative to the thymidine kinase gene and ganciclovir combination in the gene therapy of cancer | 7.93 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 2-thioxanthene [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylsulfamoyl)-2-methoxybenzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzoic acid | |
| N-cycloheptyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-4-piperidinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-N-[4-[2-(4-morpholinyl)-2-oxoethoxy]phenyl]-4-isoxazolecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| N-[3-[[(4-nitrophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 3-methyl-1,5-dithiophen-2-ylpentane-1,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-4-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-N-(4-thiophen-2-yl-2-thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-chloro-N-[4-[(1-oxo-2-phenylethyl)amino]phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| stk295900 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 2-[4-[[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl]amino]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridazines; ring assembly | |
| 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| N-[5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-methyl-1-phthalazinamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | capsaicinoid | non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
| SMER 28 SMER 28 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted by a prop-2-en-1-ylnitrilo group and a bromo group at positions 4 and 6, respectively. It is a modulator of mammalian autophagy. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organobromine compound; quinazolines; secondary amino compound | autophagy inducer |
| N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]carbamic acid butyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | morpholines | |
| 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(4-morpholinyl)-1-butanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1-piperidinyl)-1-butanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylpiperidine | |
| N-(3-phenylpropyl)methanesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
| 4-acetamido-N-(2-methoxyethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| 2-methyl-N-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-3-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolin-1-yl-(4-propoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 5-bromo-N-(2-phenylphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 2-[2-(4-chlorophenoxy)ethylthio]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 3-(3-bromoanilino)-1-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-1-propanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine | |
| 4-[2-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)-1-oxoethyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazinecarboxylic acid | |
| 2-[2-[[3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)anilino]-oxomethyl]phenyl]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-[2-(2-chlorophenoxy)ethoxy]-2-methoxy-4-methylbenzene [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| N-[4-[(4-sulfamoylphenyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-[2-[2-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl]morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| N-[2-(2-phenylphenoxy)ethyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | biphenyls | |
| 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | 2-aminopurines | anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| thiobarbituric acid thiobarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-thiobarbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid in which the oxygen at C-2 is replaced by sulfur. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | barbiturates | allergen; reagent |
| 1,3-dimethylthiourea [no description available] | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas | antioxidant; chromophore |
| D-fructopyranose [no description available] | 5.54 | 6 | 1 | cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
| potassium oxonate potassium oxonate: used to induce hyperuricemia in mice | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| tempo TEMPO: structure. TEMPO : A member of the class of aminoxyls that is piperidine that carries an oxidanediyl group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 2, 2, 6, and 6, respectively. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aminoxyls; piperidines | catalyst; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| tungsten carbide tungsten carbide: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified MF | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| succimer Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; dithiol; sulfur-containing carboxylic acid | chelator |
| digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope |
| capsazepine capsazepine: modified capsaicin molecule; a capsaicin receptor antagonist. capsazepine : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | benzazepine; catechols; monochlorobenzenes; thioureas | capsaicin receptor antagonist |
| 1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole 1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole: intermediate in the synthesis of imidazolineoxyl N-oxides; partial structure given in first source | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | benzoic acid; imidazolines; organic radical | apoptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| nadp [no description available] | 4.34 | 20 | 0 | ||
| 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974) | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 2-[bis(5-methyl-2-furanyl)methyl]-6-nitrophenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrophenol | |
| 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-N-(2-oxolanylmethyl)-4-quinazolinamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| 2-(4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1-phenylethan-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| Methyl(2-furoylamino)acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
| 5-nitro-8-(1-pyrrolidinyl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitro compound; quinolines | |
| 2-(3-oxo-2,4-dihydro-1H-quinoxalin-2-yl)-N-phenylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide | |
| 2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]pentanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4,6-dimorpholino-n-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine 4,6-dimorpholino-N-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine: an mTOR activator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-N,N-diethyl-3-piperidinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperidines | |
| 1-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-2-phenylethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 2-amino-7-methyl-5-oxo-4-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-benzopyran-3-carbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| 3-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(diethylamino)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 4-(5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | |
| (3,5-Dimethyl-1-adamantyl)amine nitrate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrates | |
| 1-(4-tert-butylphenoxy)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| N-[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]-2-adamantanamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-alkylpyrrolidine | |
| 4-phenyl-N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2-butanamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine | |
| N-(5-nitro-2-pyridinyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 3-[(4-bromophenyl)methyl]-4-(4-methoxyanilino)-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 3-ethyl-N-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1-adamantanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| N-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| 4-chloro-N-[2-(4-nitroanilino)ethyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| 2-[(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylamino)-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxine | |
| 2,4-dichloro-6-[1-(4-morpholinyl)-3-phenylprop-2-ynyl]phenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic compound | |
| 2-[[1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2,5-dioxo-3-pyrrolidinyl]amino]acetonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 1-ethoxy-3-(2-methoxy-4-prop-2-enylphenoxy)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| 6-amino-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1-(phenylmethyl)-4H-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organochlorine compound; pyranopyrazole | |
| 1-(2-chlorophenoxy)-3-(2-methyl-1-benzimidazolyl)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-[2-furanyl-(8-hydroxy-7-quinolinyl)methyl]-2-methylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyquinoline | |
| N-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 4-amino-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-pyrimido[3,4]pyrrolo[3,5-a]azepine-11-carbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| 1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 6-[(3,4-difluoroanilino)-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohex-3-enecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 4-[(3-cyano-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophen-2-yl)amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organosulfur heterocyclic compound | |
| [3-methyl-4-[oxo(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]-thiophen-2-ylmethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; thiophenes | |
| [4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]-[4-[(phenylthio)methyl]phenyl]methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; heteroarene | |
| 4-[2-nitro-5-[4-(phenylmethyl)sulfonyl-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 5-(4-ethylsulfonyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-nitro-N-(3-pyridinylmethyl)aniline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 2-[[5-[(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio]-N-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| N-ethyl-N-[2-[(5-nitro-8-quinolinyl)amino]ethyl]benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitro compound; quinolines | |
| 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(4-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-5-oxo-3-pyrrolidinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 3,4,5-trimethoxy-N-[4-[(2-methyl-1-piperidinyl)sulfonyl]phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 3-(n,n-dimethylsulfonamido)-4-methyl-nitrobenzene BRL-50481 : A C-nitro compound that is benzene substituted by N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl, methyl and nitro groups at positions 1, 2 and 5, respectively. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor selective for the PDE7 subtype (Ki = 180 nM). | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; sulfonamide; toluenes | bone density conservation agent; EC 3.1.4.53 (3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| 6,3',4'-Trimethoxyflavanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ether; flavonoids | |
| 1-[4-(3-ethoxyphenoxy)butyl]imidazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 5-[[(1-cyclohexyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]methyl]-3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oxadiazole; ring assembly | |
| 2-[1-(3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolin-1-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]isoindole-1,3-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalimides | |
| [4-(benzenesulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(1-piperidinyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-N-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| 6-[[[5-(ethylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]amino]-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohex-3-enecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 2,5-dimethoxy-n-(quinolin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide 2,5-dimethoxy-N-(quinolin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide: a tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase inhibitor; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| LSM-25805 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | isoindoles | |
| 4-ethoxy-N-(3-quinolinyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 3-chloro-N-[3-(1-imidazolyl)propyl]-6-nitro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzothiophenes | |
| nsc 727447 NSC 727447: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER. | 7.39 | 2 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
| 6-thiouric acid 6-thiouric acid: structure | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen Dioxide: Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface. | 2 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxide | |
| viomellein viomellein: metabolite of Penicillium viridicatum causing hepatic lesions in mice | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cystine [no description available] | 7.59 | 10 | 1 | ||
| diethylstilbestrol monophosphate [no description available] | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | ||
| carbonyl 3-chlorophenylhydrazone carbonyl 3-chlorophenylhydrazone: inhibitor of ATP synthesis; inhibits iron-containing nitrile hydratases | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide: structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine 2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine: A2 adenosine receptor agonist; structure given in first source. CGS-21680 : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and the hydrogen at position 2 on the adenine is replaced by a 4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino group. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | adenosines; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; monocarboxylic acid | adenosine A2A receptor agonist; anti-inflammatory agent |
| 2-methoxy-N-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2-phenylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-(5-nitro-2-thiazolyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; thiazoles | |
| 7-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-1,7-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| N-[3-[2,5-dioxo-3-(phenylmethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 3,4-dimethoxy-N-[3-(methylthio)phenyl]benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| poly(sodium vinyl sulfonate) lyapolate: sulfonic acid polymers represent a new class of HIV inhibitors | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 3-methyl-4-nitro-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | organic sodium salt | detergent; protein denaturant |
| mtt formazan MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | ||
| l 663536 MK-886: orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. 3-[3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a isopropyl group at position 5, a tert-butylsulfanediyl group at position 3, a 4-chlorobenzyl group at position 1 and a 2-carboxy-2-methylpropyl group at position 2. It acts as an inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; indoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist |
| 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylthio]-N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrophenol | |
| 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
| 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-imidazolyl)propyl]-4-quinolinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| N-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine: structure. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine : A C-nitro compound that is phenylhydrazine substituted at the 2- and 4-positions by nitro groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; phenylhydrazines | reagent |
| 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-indol-2-one 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one: an estrogen receptor alpha inhibitor | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 7-deazapurine 7-deazapurine: structure in first source | 7.6 | 1 | 0 | ||
| naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| N-[4-[(cyclohexylamino)-oxomethyl]phenyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| rhodamine 123 Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | organic cation; xanthene dye | fluorochrome |
| N,N,4-trimethyl-2-[[(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-oxomethyl]amino]-5-thiazolecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; thiazoles | |
| merbarone merbarone: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| imd 0354 N-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide: a cardioprotective agent that inhibits IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta); structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| ex 527 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide: structure in first source. 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide : A member of the class of carbazoles that is 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole which is substituted at position 1 by an aminocarbohyl group and at position 6 by a chlorine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound | |
| diethyl maleate diethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ethyl ester; maleate ester | glutathione depleting agent |
| sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | sphing-4-enine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| quercetin [no description available] | 3.41 | 7 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| bilirubin [no description available] | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | biladienes; dicarboxylic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
| dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| luteolin [no description available] | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist |
| linoleic acid Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite |
| calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol | antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors. | 3.5 | 8 | 0 | ||
| beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues. | 3.11 | 5 | 0 | carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene | antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A |
| 11-cis-retinal Rhodopsin: A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.. 11-cis-retinal : A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | retinal | chromophore; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| leukotriene b4 Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent |
| 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid: A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.. all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis double bonds at positions 8, 11 and 14. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | fatty acid 20:3; long-chain fatty acid | fungal metabolite; human metabolite; nutraceutical |
| vitamin d 2 Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-ergostane; vitamin D | bone density conservation agent; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; rodenticide |
| rutin Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; rutinoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; metabolite |
| 6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| zeaxanthin Zeaxanthins: Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | carotenol | antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; cofactor |
| genistein [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| zeinoxanthin zeinoxanthin: structure in first source. zeinoxanthin : A carotenol, the structure of which is (6'R)-beta,epsilon-carotene hydroxy-substituted at C-3 with R-stereochemistry. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | carotenol | |
| cryptoxanthins Cryptoxanthins: Mono-hydroxylated xanthophylls formed from the hydroxylation of BETA-CAROTENE. Isomers include: beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-cryptoxanthin, and zeinoxanthin. The alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin are provitamin A precursors.. beta-cryptoxanthin : A carotenol that exhibits antioxidant activity. It has been isolated from fruits such as papaya and oranges. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | carotenol | antioxidant; biomarker; plant metabolite; provitamin A |
| echinenone echinenone: structure in first source. echinenone : A carotenone that is beta-carotene in which the 4 position has undergone formal oxidation to afford the corresponding ketone. Isolated as orange-red crystals, it is widely distributed in marine invertebrates. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | carotenone | animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; cofactor; marine metabolite |
| lutein Lutein: A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.. xanthophyll : A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | carotenol | food colouring; plant metabolite |
| myricetin [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| echinacoside echinacoside: from Buddleja species; has antihepatotoxic activity | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
| caffeic acid phenethyl ester phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | alkyl caffeate ester | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| hr 780 HR 780: structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | phenylpyridine | |
| geranylgeranylacetone geranylgeranylacetone: structure in first source; RN given refers to isomeric cpd without isomeric designation; mixture of (5E,9E,13E) & (5Z,9E,13E)-isomers. teprenone : A terpene ketone in which a (9E,13E)-geranylgernayl group is bonded to one of the alpha-methyls of acetone (it is a mixture of 5E- and 5Z-geoisomers in a 3:2 ratio). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | F2-isoprostane | biomarker; bronchoconstrictor agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| etretinate retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | enoate ester; ethyl ester; retinoid | keratolytic drug |
| thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | thromboxanes B | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 4-hydroxynon-2-enal; 4-hydroxynonenal | |
| 6-methylpurine 6-methylpurine : Purine bearing a methyl substituent at position 6. | 2 | 1 | 0 | purines | EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor |
| topiroxostat FYX-051: xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor | 8.32 | 6 | 0 | ||
| morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn. | 3.78 | 2 | 1 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound | anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| 3-[3-[(5-ethyl-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)thio]propyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| istradefylline [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| iloprost Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol | platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| lysophosphatidylcholines lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| pd 123319 PD123319 : An imidazopyridine consisting of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine having 4-(dimethylamino)-3-methylbenzyl, diphenylacetyl and carboxy and groups at positions 1, 5 and 6 respectively | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | imidazopyridine | angiotensin receptor antagonist; endothelin receptor antagonist; vasoconstrictor agent |
| 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid: metabolite of arachidonic acid in blood platelet suspension; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid; trienoic fatty acid | metabolite |
| biliverdine [no description available] | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-methyl-2,7-diphenyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phenylpyridine | |
| 3-methylharman [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid: A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51) | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid: RN given refers to (E,Z)-isomer; RN for unspecified isomer not in Chemline 8/12/83. 13-HPODE : An HPODE (hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid) in which the double bonds are at positions 9 and 11 (E and Z geometry, respectively) and the hydroperoxy group is at position 13. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; octadecadienoic acid | |
| 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diamide Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide) | |
| 15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110) | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | ||
| rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
| 6-chloropurine [no description available] | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | purines | |
| arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | metalloid atom; pnictogen | micronutrient |
| 2-amino-6-chloropurine 6-chloroguanine: an antimalarial that inhibits hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase; structure in first source. 6-chloroguanine : An organochlorine compound that is 7H-purin-2-amine substituted by a chloro group at position 6. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; organochlorine compound | |
| dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene | antitussive; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; oneirogen; prodrug; xenobiotic |
| sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
| enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration). | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug |
| 1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: metabolite from cows fed with corn silage; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl). | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester | antigen; mouse metabolite |
| deoxyribose [no description available] | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | deoxypentose | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| fumarates Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-) | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | butenedioate; C4-dicarboxylate | human metabolite; metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 10.25 | 16 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
| silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086]. | 7.31 | 1 | 0 | carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom | |
| phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen | macronutrient |
| 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid: chromogen in glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for determining serum glucose; used in free radical scavenging assays; structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tiotropium bromide Tiotropium Bromide: A scopolamine derivative and CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONIST that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR AGENT. It is used in the treatment of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.. tiotropium bromide : An organic bromide salt having (1alpha,2beta,4beta,5alpha,7beta)-7-[(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl)oxy]-9,9-dimethyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.0(2,4)]nonane as the counterion. Used (in the form of the hydrate) for maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | 4.45 | 1 | 1 | ||
| guanabenz Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | dichlorobenzene | |
| bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl)fumarate bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl)fumarate: structure | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ammonium sulfate Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ammonium salt; inorganic sulfate salt | fertilizer |
| 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels. | 2 | 1 | 0 | azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid | animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
| selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| oxalates Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine 1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine: RN given in first source; RN refers to ion(1-); do not confuse with DEA-NO cpd | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | organic anion | |
| whewellite whewellite: calcium oxalate mineral | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| 15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; (S-(E,Z,Z,Z))-isomer caused dose-dependent constriction of cat coronary arteries; structure in first source. 15-HPETE : A HPETE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-icosatetraenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 15. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | HPETE | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bacteriochlorophylls Bacteriochlorophylls: Pyrrole containing pigments found in photosynthetic bacteria. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mycophenolic acid glucuronide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cholesteryl arachidonate cholesteryl arachidonate: RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer. cholesteryl arachidonate : A cholesterol ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group in cholesterol with the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | cholesteryl icosatetraenoate | antibacterial agent; mouse metabolite |
| beta-escin [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate [no description available] | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine: A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | nitroso compound; nitrosothio compound | nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent |
| lactacystin [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | lactam; S-substituted L-cysteine | |
| sq-23377 Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes. | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | cyclic ether; enol; polyunsaturated fatty acid; very long-chain fatty acid | calcium ionophore; metabolite |
| staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | ammonium ion derivative | |
| benzamidoxime benzamidoxime: structure given in first source. benzamidoxime : A member of the class of amidoximes obtained by formal condensation of the carbonyl group of benzamide with hydroxylamine. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | amidoxime | bacterial metabolite; genotoxin; mammalian metabolite |
| phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group. | 3.48 | 8 | 0 | phosphagen; phosphoamino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | biguanides; monochlorobenzenes | antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent |
| formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts. | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | ||
| guanoxabenz [no description available] | 7.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| anatibant LF 16-0687: a potent non-peptide bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | proline derivative | |
| sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| 4-anisyltetrazolium blue tetrazolium blue : An organic chloride salt having tetrazolium blue(1+) as the counterion. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt | dye |
| mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11). | 4.07 | 15 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent |
| ticagrelor Ticagrelor: An adenosine triphosphate analogue and reversible P2Y12 PURINORECEPTOR antagonist that inhibits ADP-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used for the prevention of THROMBOEMBOLISM by patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME or a history of MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.. ticagrelor : A triazolopyrimidine that is an adenosine isostere; the cyclopentane ring is similar to ribose and the nitrogen-rich [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine moiety resembles the nucleobase adenine. A platelet aggregation inhibitor which is used for prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome. | 3.46 | 1 | 1 | aryl sulfide; hydroxyether; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound; triazolopyrimidines | P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| 5-chloro-6-(1-(2-iminopyrrolidinyl) methyl)uracil hydrochloride tipiracil hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining tipiracil with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used in combination with trifluridine, a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor, for treatment of advanced/relapsed unresectable colorectal cancer. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride; iminium salt | antineoplastic agent; EC 2.4.2.4 (thymidine phosphorylase) inhibitor |
| zeolites [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| linagliptin Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes. | 8.15 | 1 | 0 | aminopiperidine; quinazolines | EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent |
| struvite Struvite: The mineral magnesium ammonium phosphate with the formula NH4MgPO4. It is associated with urea-splitting organisms in a high magnesium, high phosphate, alkaline environment. Accumulation of crystallized struvite is found in the urinary tract as struvite CALCULI and as scale on sewage system equipment and wastewater pipes. | 3.31 | 6 | 0 | hydrate; phosphate mineral | fertilizer |
| 8-nitroxanthine 8-Nitroxanthine: structure in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| kmup 1 KMUP 1: a potassium channel opener and stimulator of the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway; structure in first source | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | ||
| ucn 1028 c calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ribose ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose. | 4.55 | 4 | 0 | D-ribose; ribopyranose | |
| veratridine Veratridine: A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sesone 7-deazaxanthine: structure in first source | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | ||
| calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
| pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline n-oxide 5-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide: structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hmr 1098 HMR 1098: KATP channel blocker; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 9.3 | 59 | 1 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. | 3.83 | 11 | 0 | ||
| cosyntropin Cosyntropin: A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of CORTICOSTEROIDS in the ADRENAL CORTEX.. cosyntropin : A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin). A segment similar in all species, it contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex. It is used diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| melitten Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| enfuvirtide Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | peptide hormone | |
| beta-endorphin beta-Endorphin: A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPTORS and is an analgesic. Its first four amino acids at the N-terminal are identical to the tetrapeptide sequence of METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN and LEUCINE ENKEPHALIN.. beta-endorphin : A polypeptide consisting of 31 amino acid residues in the sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu. It is an endogenous opioid peptide neurotransmitter found in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system and results from processing of the precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC). | 7.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing. | 7.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| oligonucleotides [no description available] | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | ||
| anticodon Anticodon: The sequential set of three nucleotides in TRANSFER RNA that interacts with its complement in MESSENGER RNA, the CODON, during translation in the ribosome. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| c-peptide C-Peptide: The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| perovskite calcium titanate : A calcium salt with the formula CaTiO3, generally obtained in the form of the mineral perovskite. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63) | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| atractyloside Atractyloside: A glycoside of a kaurene type diterpene that is found in some plants including Atractylis gummifera (ATRACTYLIS); COFFEE; XANTHIUM, and CALLILEPIS. Toxicity is due to inhibition of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlorophyll a Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | chlorophyll; methyl ester | cofactor |
| sodium salicylate [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cyclic adenosine-5'-trimetaphosphate cyclic adenosine-5'-trimetaphosphate: structure given in first source, cyclic refers to arrangement of three phosphates | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calpain Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| succinyladenosine succinyladenosine: found in body fluids of children with severe psychomotor delay & autism; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. succinyladenosine : An aspartic acid derivative that is L-aspartic acid in which one of the amine hydrogens is substituted by a 9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-yl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | adenosines; amino dicarboxylic acid; L-aspartic acid derivative | metabolite |
| chitosan [no description available] | 2.79 | 3 | 0 | ||
| s-nitro-n-acetylpenicillamine S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine: a NO donor | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide | |
| sodium hypochlorite Sodium Hypochlorite: It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). sodium hypochlorite : An inorganic sodium salt in which hypochlorite is the counterion. It is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent and is commonly found in household bleach. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | bleaching agent; disinfectant |
| 4-hydroxymercuribenzoate [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sarkosyl sarkosyl: RN given is for sarkosyl L, the parent cpd; structure | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium glutamate Sodium Glutamate: One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.. monosodium glutamate : An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of glutamic acid. | 2.89 | 1 | 0 | monosodium glutamate | flavouring agent |
| mersalyl Mersalyl: A toxic thiol mercury salt formerly used as a diuretic. It inhibits various biochemical functions, especially in mitochondria, and is used to study those functions. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chiniofon Hydroxyquinolines: The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bof 4272 [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-aminophenyldichloroarsine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| s-adenosylmethionine (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group.. (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has R-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine : A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | organic cation; sulfonium compound | coenzyme; cofactor; human metabolite; micronutrient; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | ||
| interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 3.33 | 2 | 0 | ||
| formylchromone formylchromone: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fructose-1,6-diphosphate fructose-1,6-diphosphate: RN refers to (D)-isomer | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| salinixanthin salinixanthin: from Salinibacter ruber, an extremely halophilic eubacterium; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| vasoactive intestinal peptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE). | 7.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | ||
| ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 9.83 | 33 | 0 | ascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols | antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent |
| oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoate | plant metabolite |
| dicumarol Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases. | 2 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; vitamin K antagonist |
| dihydroxyfumarate dihydroxyfumarate: RN given refers to ((E)-isomer); structure. dihydroxyfumaric acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid consisting of fumaric acid having two hydroxy groups at the 2- and 3-positions. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | |
| whitlockite whitlockite: structure; used to coat metal implants | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| laponite laponite: a synthesized hectorite; chemical formula in first source | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | ||
| oligomycins Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X). | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | angiotensin; peptide zwitterion | human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent |
| 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid: inhibits glyoxalase II; RN given refers to (?,Z)-isomer | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid | |
| carboxyatractyloside carboxyatractyloside: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ginkgolide b [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| transforming growth factor alpha Transforming Growth Factor alpha: An EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR related protein that is found in a variety of tissues including EPITHELIUM, and maternal DECIDUA. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form which binds to the EGF RECEPTOR. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| flavin mononucleotide Flavin Mononucleotide: A coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| silybin Silybin: The major active component of silymarin flavonoids extracted from seeds of the MILK THISTLE, Silybum marianum; it is used in the treatment of HEPATITIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and CHEMICAL AND DRUG INDUCED LIVER INJURY, and has antineoplastic activity; silybins A and B are diastereomers. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| lactoferrin Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | ||
| orabase Orabase: used in therapy of oral mucosal ulcers | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thromboplastin Thromboplastin: Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| amyloid beta-peptides amyloid beta-protein (1-40): although acutely neurotoxic in both rat & monkey cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration in primates resembles more closely to that found in Alzheimer's disease; amino acid sequence has been determined | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| exudates Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329) | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine. | 8.38 | 7 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| deoxyguanosine [no description available] | 8.54 | 8 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine diphosphate Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor |
| guanosine pentaphosphate Guanosine Pentaphosphate: Guanosine 5'-triphosphate 2'(3')-diphosphate. A guanine nucleotide containing five phosphate groups. Three phosphate groups are esterified to the sugar moiety in the 5' position and the other two in the 2' or 3' position. This nucleotide serves as a messenger to turn off the synthesis of ribosomal RNA when amino acids are not available for protein synthesis.. guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-triphosphate : A guanosine bisphosphate having a diphosphate at the 3'-position and a triphosphate at the 5'-position. | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; guanosine bisphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| guanosine monophosphate Guanosine Monophosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.. guanosine 5'-monophosphate : A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase. | 4.43 | 22 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 3.94 | 13 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor |
| guanine [no description available] | 5.98 | 106 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose. | 4.91 | 36 | 0 | guanosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | fundamental metabolite |
| hypoxanthine [no description available] | 17.04 | 514 | 20 | nucleobase analogue; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | fundamental metabolite |
| inosinic acid Inosine Monophosphate: Inosine 5'-Monophosphate. A purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety. | 6.24 | 34 | 1 | inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| inosine [no description available] | 11.01 | 100 | 3 | inosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| inosine triphosphate Inosine Triphosphate: Inosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). An inosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. Synonym: IRPPP. | 2 | 1 | 0 | inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| sapropterin sapropterin: RN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases. (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin : A 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin in which the stereocentre at position 6 has R-configuration.. sapropterin : A tetrahydropterin that is 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-4(3H)-one in which a hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a 1,2-dihydroxypropyl group (6R,1'R,2'S-enantiomer). | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin | coenzyme; cofactor; diagnostic agent; human metabolite |
| folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. | 3.35 | 7 | 0 | folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient |
| 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine; pterin | |
| 3-methyladenine N3-methyladenine: structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclic imp Cyclic IMP: Inosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). An inosine nucleotide which acts as a mild inhibitor of the hydrolysis of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP and as an inhibitor of cat heart cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.. 3',5'-cyclic IMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide having hypoxanthine as the nucleobase. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate | mammalian metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | nucleoside triphosphate analogue | |
| 7-methylguanine 7-methylguanine: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. 7-methylguanine : A methylguanine that is guanine substituted by a methyl group at position 7. It is a metabolite obtained during the methylation of DNA.. 2-imino-7-methyl-1,2,3,7-tetrahydro-6H-purin-6-one : A 7-methylguanine that is 1,2,3,7-tetrahydro-6H-purin-6-one substituted by an imino group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 7.. 2-amino-7-methyl-7H-purin-6-ol : A 7-methylguanine that is 7H-purine substituted by an amino group at position 2, a methyl group at position 7 and a hydroxy group at position 6.. 2-amino-7-methyl-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one : A 7-methylguanine that is 1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 7. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | 7-methylguanine | |
| isoxanthopterin [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxypteridine | |
| neopterin [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide | EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| pteroic acid pteroic acid: structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | pteroic acid | |
| oxypurinol Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6. | 9.1 | 43 | 3 | pyrazolopyrimidine | drug metabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor |
| 2-methyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo(1,2-alpha)pyrazin-3-one 2-methyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo(1,2-alpha)pyrazin-3-one: cypridina luciferin analog | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 2-methyl-4(3h)-quinazolinone 2-methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone: from Bacillus cereus; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-azaxanthine methanochondroitin: a heteropolysaccharide from cell wall which resembles the eukaryotic chondroitin | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | triazolopyrimidines | |
| n(4)-desoxychlordiazepoxide N(4)-desoxychlordiazepoxide: not phototoxic; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring. | 17.34 | 853 | 10 | nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound | antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger |
| 2,2'-(hydroxynitrosohydrazono)bis-ethanamine 2,2'-(hydroxynitrosohydrazono)bis-ethanamine: a nitric oxide (NO) generating compound. 1,1-bis(2-aminoethyl)-2-hydroxy-3-oxotriazane : A nitroso compound that is triazane in which the the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by two 2-aminoethyl groups, that at position 2 is substituted by a hydroxy group, and that at position 3 is substituted by an oxo group. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| azaguanine Azaguanine: One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.. 8-azaguanine : A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 3,6-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing amino and oxo substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; triazolopyrimidines | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor |
| xanthopterin [no description available] | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | ||
| 2-amino-3-hydroxyphenazine 2-amino-3-hydroxyphenazine: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| noc 18 NOC 18: releases nitric oxide; structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-formylpteridine 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-formylpteridine: pteridine precursor in biosynthesis of dihydropteroate; structure. 6-formylpterin : Pterin carrying a formyl group at position 6. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | aldehyde; pterins | EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; reactive oxygen species generator |
| 2-styrylquinazolin-4(3h)-one 2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-one: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-azahypoxanthine 8-azahypoxanthine: an antimalarial that inhibits hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase; structure. 8-azahypoxanthine : A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 1,4-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing an oxo substituent at position 7. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; triazolopyrimidines | antimalarial; EC 2.4.2.8 (hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase) inhibitor |
| 2-amino-5-iodo-6-phenyl-4-pyrimidinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| quininib quininib: has antiangiogenic activity; structure in first source. quininib : A styrylquinoline that is trans-2-styrylquinoline in which the the phenyl group has been substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group. It is an anti-angiogenic compound that exerts a dose-dependent antagonism of the cysteinyl leukotriene pathway, preferentially antagonising cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1. The major species at pH 7.3 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phenols; styrylquinoline | angiogenesis inhibitor |
| 1-hydroxyphenazine 1-hydroxyphenazine: a virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 1-hydroxyphenazine : A phenazine carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | phenazines | |
| bropirimine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidines | |
| 8-hydroxyguanine 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine: was substituted for guanine at G(8), G(9), G(14), or G(15) in the human telomeric oligonucleotide 5'-d[AGGGTTAG(8)G(9)GTT AG(14)G(15)GTTAGGGTGT]-3'. 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine : An oxopurine that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by an oxo group and in which the nitrogens at positions 7 and 9 each bear a hydrogen. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| trypan blue Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid). | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 2-amino-6-hydroxy-8-mercaptopurine [no description available] | 7.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | guanosines | biomarker |
| immucillin g immucillin G: structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxypyrrolidine; pyrrolopyrimidine | |
| 2-[(6-ethyl-4-methyl-2-quinazolinyl)amino]-1H-quinazolin-4-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide: pterin of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas carboxydoflava; structure has been determined | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | molybdopterin dinucleotide; molybdopterins; thiol | |
| 9-deazaguanine [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[(6-ethyl-4-methyl-2-quinazolinyl)amino]-6-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrimidin-4-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| 3,n(4)-ethanocytosine [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound | mutagen |
| 8-nitroguanine [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| papa nonoate [no description available] | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | alkylamine | |
| manganese gtp manganese GTP: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified MF | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| urothion urothion: RN from 9th CI, Chem Subs Index; structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | pterins | |
| molybdenum cofactor molybdenum cofactor: also see records for molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide and molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide. MoO2-molybdopterin cofactor(2-) : An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of MoO2-molybdopterin cofactor.. MoO2-molybdopterin cofactor : An Mo-molybdopterin cofactor in which the coordinated molybdenum species is MoO2. | 7.06 | 20 | 0 | Mo-molybdopterin cofactor; organophosphate oxoanion | |
| bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)molybdenum bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)molybdenum: cofactor of dimethylsulfoxide reductase; isolated from Rhodobacter capsulatus. bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)molybdenum(4-) : An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the four diphosphate OH groups of bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)molybdenum. | 2 | 1 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | |
| eye [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| metallothionein Metallothionein: A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| pyrimidinones Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. | 0 | 3.86 | 12 | 0 |
| Hyperuricemia Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT. | 0 | 9.01 | 17 | 1 |
| Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 9.02 | 5 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 4.02 | 5 | 0 |
| Infection, Toxoplasma gondii [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Toxoplasmosis The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Anemia, Fanconi [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 4.96 | 4 | 2 |
| Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions. | 0 | 4.96 | 4 | 2 |
| Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available] | 0 | 6.03 | 9 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. | 0 | 6.03 | 9 | 1 |
| Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 2.9 | 2 | 0 |
| Encephalopathy, Traumatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Injuries, Traumatic A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 2 | 0 |
| Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 2.63 | 2 | 0 |
| Re-injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Craniocerebral Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Craniocerebral Trauma Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Hematologic Malignancies [description not available] | 0 | 9.22 | 3 | 1 |
| Nephrolithiasis Formation of stones in the KIDNEY. | 0 | 3.19 | 5 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 5.08 | 10 | 0 |
| Tumour Lysis Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.01 | 4 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 5.08 | 10 | 0 |
| Tumor Lysis Syndrome A syndrome resulting from cytotoxic therapy, occurring generally in aggressive, rapidly proliferating lymphoproliferative disorders. It is characterized by combinations of hyperuricemia, lactic acidosis, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia. | 0 | 8.01 | 4 | 0 |
| Hematologic Neoplasms Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES. | 0 | 4.22 | 3 | 1 |
| Purine Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors [description not available] | 0 | 8.13 | 42 | 0 |
| Urinary Lithiasis [description not available] | 0 | 5.93 | 14 | 0 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 6.56 | 18 | 1 |
| Urolithiasis Formation of stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT, usually in the KIDNEY; URINARY BLADDER; or the URETER. | 0 | 5.93 | 14 | 0 |
| Liver Steatosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Insulin Sensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 4.79 | 6 | 1 |
| Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. | 0 | 9.79 | 6 | 1 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 8.7 | 40 | 1 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 8.7 | 40 | 1 |
| Gout Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi. | 0 | 8.41 | 30 | 2 |
| Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity. | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Anxiety Neuroses [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. | 0 | 3.04 | 4 | 0 |
| Anxiety Disorders Persistent and disabling ANXIETY. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 3.3 | 6 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 3.3 | 6 | 0 |
| Kidney Stones [description not available] | 0 | 4.64 | 27 | 0 |
| Cystinuria An inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption of CYSTINE and other BASIC AMINO ACIDS by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This form of aminoaciduria is characterized by the abnormally high urinary levels of cystine; LYSINE; ARGININE; and ORNITHINE. Mutations involve the amino acid transport protein gene SLC3A1. | 0 | 10.06 | 3 | 0 |
| Kidney Calculi Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE. | 0 | 4.64 | 27 | 0 |
| Gouty Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Gouty Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma, infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 4 | 0 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 2.9 | 4 | 0 |
| Community Acquired Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Consumption [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 3.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Acquired Metabolic Diseases, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 4.51 | 23 | 0 |
| Atypical Mycobacterial Infection, Disseminated [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Calculi Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID. | 0 | 5.98 | 19 | 0 |
| Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Bone Marrow Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, IgA [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Marrow Failure Disorders Inherited or acquired diseases characterized by insufficient and/or dysplastic blood cells. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Keratosis Seborrheica [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Skin Aging The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Keratosis, Seborrheic Benign eccrine poromas that present as multiple oval, brown-to-black plaques, located mostly on the chest and back. The age of onset is usually in the fourth or fifth decade. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Exertional Heat Illness [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Fish Diseases Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates). | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 4.97 | 14 | 0 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 4.97 | 14 | 0 |
| Ectopic Ossification [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 3.84 | 2 | 1 |
| Cancer of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 4.32 | 4 | 1 |
| Carcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma. | 0 | 3.84 | 2 | 1 |
| Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 4.32 | 4 | 1 |
| Angiomyolipoma A benign tumor containing vascular, adipose, and muscle elements. It occurs most often in the kidney with smooth muscle elements (angiolipoleiomyoma) in association with tuberous sclerosis. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 4.45 | 8 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 3.79 | 11 | 0 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 4.45 | 8 | 0 |
| B cepacia Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 4.8 | 7 | 1 |
| Disbacteriosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Aura [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Absence Seizure [description not available] | 0 | 4.91 | 5 | 0 |
| Absence Status [description not available] | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) | 0 | 3.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder. | 0 | 4.91 | 5 | 0 |
| Status Epilepticus A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30) | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 5.08 | 17 | 0 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 5.08 | 17 | 0 |
| Asthma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 7.37 | 9 | 2 |
| Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). | 0 | 12.37 | 9 | 2 |
| Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 4.44 | 8 | 0 |
| Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75) | 0 | 4.44 | 8 | 0 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Polyps Discrete tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the COLON. These POLYPS are connected to the wall of the colon either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Polyps Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the INTESTINE. A polyp is attached to the intestinal wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Eosinophilia, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 4.45 | 1 | 1 |
| Pulmonary Eosinophilia A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents. | 0 | 4.45 | 1 | 1 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 7.75 | 3 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.75 | 3 | 0 |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available] | 0 | 4.88 | 13 | 0 |
| Kidney Tubular Transport, Inborn Error [description not available] | 0 | 3.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 4.88 | 13 | 0 |
| Staghorn Calculi Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 6.24 | 34 | 0 |
| Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 6.24 | 34 | 0 |
| Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Diseases, Hereditary Transmission of gene defects or chromosomal aberrations/abnormalities which are expressed in extreme variation in the structure or function of the eye. These may be evident at birth, but may be manifested later with progression of the disorder. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Detachment Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12). | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Choreoathetosis Self-Mutilation Hyperuricemia Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 5.35 | 22 | 0 |
| Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders, progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently. Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127) | 0 | 5.35 | 22 | 0 |
| Recrudescence [description not available] | 0 | 4.69 | 6 | 1 |
| E coli Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. | 0 | 4.54 | 3 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 8.13 | 36 | 1 |
| Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Caprine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Electron Transport Chain Deficiencies, Mitochondrial [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Mitochondrial Diseases Diseases caused by abnormal function of the MITOCHONDRIA. They may be caused by mutations, acquired or inherited, in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial components. They may also be the result of acquired mitochondria dysfunction due to adverse effects of drugs, infections, or other environmental causes. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 3.41 | 7 | 0 |
| Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy. | 0 | 7.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used. | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
| Adipocere [description not available] | 0 | 3.49 | 8 | 0 |
| Cortical Lewy Body Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Lewy Body Disease A neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attention and alertness. The neuropsychiatric manifestations tend to precede the onset of bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY, and other extrapyramidal signs. DELUSIONS and visual HALLUCINATIONS are relatively frequent in this condition. Histologic examination reveals LEWY BODIES in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and BRAIN STEM. SENILE PLAQUES and other pathologic features characteristic of ALZHEIMER DISEASE may also be present. (From Neurology 1997;48:376-380; Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124) | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS. | 0 | 5.22 | 6 | 0 |
| Airway Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs. | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Bradyarrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Apnea A transient absence of spontaneous respiration. | 0 | 10.21 | 6 | 0 |
| Bradycardia Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Infectious Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Communicable Diseases An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 6 | 0 |
| Pre-Eclampsia A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease. | 0 | 3.29 | 6 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available] | 0 | 3.27 | 6 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. | 0 | 3.27 | 6 | 0 |
| Bladder Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Biliary or Urinary Stones [description not available] | 0 | 3.45 | 8 | 0 |
| Papilloma, Squamous Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Transitional Cell A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Papilloma A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| HbS Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Diseases, Metabolic [description not available] | 0 | 3.6 | 3 | 0 |
| Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed) | 0 | 3.6 | 3 | 0 |
| Hepatitis, Viral, Non-A, Non-B, Parenterally-Transmitted [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 4.15 | 6 | 0 |
| Hepatitis C INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 4.15 | 6 | 0 |
| Allodynia [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Nerve Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Graft-Versus-Host Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.48 | 1 | 1 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 4.76 | 7 | 1 |
| Graft vs Host Disease The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION. | 0 | 3.48 | 1 | 1 |
| Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available] | 0 | 4.25 | 18 | 0 |
| Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION). | 0 | 4.25 | 18 | 0 |
| Neglected Diseases Diseases that are underfunded and have low name recognition but are major burdens in less developed countries. The World Health Organization has designated six tropical infectious diseases as being neglected in industrialized countries that are endemic in many developing countries (HELMINTHIASIS; LEPROSY; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; ONCHOCERCIASIS; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; and TRACHOMA). | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| American Trypanosomiasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Chagas Disease Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002) | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Canine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.62 | 9 | 0 |
| Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082) | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Alcohol Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronchospasm [description not available] | 0 | 7.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronchial Spasm Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Joint Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthralgia Pain in the joint. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Metal Metabolism, Inborn Error [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors Dysfunctions in the metabolism of metals resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Depression, Involutional Form of depression in those MIDDLE AGE with feelings of ANXIETY. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Depressive Disorder, Major Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.). | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 6.17 | 31 | 1 |
| Muscular Weakness [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Injury, Ventilator-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Atrophy, Muscle [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscular Atrophy Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Weakness A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Tract Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Left Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 4.06 | 15 | 0 |
| Ventricular Dysfunction, Left A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Interstitial Nephritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. | 0 | 7.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephritis, Interstitial Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Attachment Loss, Periodontal [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Adult Periodontitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.84 | 2 | 1 |
| Parodontosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Pocket, Periodontal [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Gingival [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Gingival Hemorrhage The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as GINGIVITIS, marginal PERIODONTITIS, injury, and ASCORBIC ACID DEFICIENCY. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Gingivitis Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue. | 0 | 3.84 | 2 | 1 |
| Periodontal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Periodontal Pocket An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment and bone resorption. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION. | 0 | 10.86 | 23 | 1 |
| Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Weight Reduction [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Hydronephrosis Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Colicky Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Abdominal Pain Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Petechiae Pinhead size (3 mm) skin discolorization due to hemorrhage. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Purpura Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the size of the discolorization is | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 2.91 | 4 | 0 |
| Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 2.91 | 4 | 0 |
| Angor Pectoris [description not available] | 0 | 3.32 | 2 | 0 |
| Angina Pectoris The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION. | 0 | 3.32 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years. | 0 | 6.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Coronary Heart Disease [description not available] | 0 | 8.14 | 21 | 2 |
| Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. | 0 | 8.14 | 21 | 2 |
| Anoxia, Fetal [description not available] | 0 | 4.4 | 8 | 0 |
| Fetal Hypoxia Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD. | 0 | 4.4 | 8 | 0 |
| Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 3.11 | 5 | 0 |
| Asymptomatic Conditions [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Diffuse Myofascial Pain Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibromyalgia A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME, CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50 years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1494-95) | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Parkinson Disease, Secondary Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperpotassemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypothermia, Accidental [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperkalemia Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypothermia Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis, Ischemic Inflammation of the COLON due to colonic ISCHEMIA resulting from alterations in systemic circulation or local vasculature. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Pregnancy in Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used. | 0 | 2.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like. | 0 | 2.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. | 0 | 2.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 8.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack [description not available] | 0 | 4.28 | 7 | 0 |
| Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) | 0 | 4.28 | 7 | 0 |
| Asystole [description not available] | 0 | 2.91 | 4 | 0 |
| Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation. | 0 | 2.91 | 4 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries, Radiation [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Emesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH. | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Poisoning Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Ache [description not available] | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Mitral Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 6.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Centriacinar Emphysema [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Emphysema A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs. | 0 | 6.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Mitral Valve Stenosis Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets and chordal areas. This elevates the left atrial pressure which, in turn, raises pulmonary venous and capillary pressure leading to bouts of DYSPNEA and TACHYCARDIA during physical exertion. RHEUMATIC FEVER is its primary cause. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. | 0 | 8.21 | 6 | 0 |
| Stasis Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Diseases, Peripheral Vascular [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Ulcer A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Varicose Ulcer Skin breakdown or ulceration in the drainage area of a VARICOSE VEIN, usually in the leg. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. | 0 | 7.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Peripheral Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| EHS Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Ureteral Calculi Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY. They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Ureterolithiasis Formation of stones in the URETER. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Leg Ulcer Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous insufficiency (VARICOSE ULCER), 5% to arterial disease, and the remaining 5% to other causes. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Arteriosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Obliterans Common occlusive arterial disease which is caused by ATHEROSCLEROSIS. It is characterized by lesions in the innermost layer (ARTERIAL INTIMA) of arteries including the AORTA and its branches to the extremities. Risk factors include smoking, HYPERLIPIDEMIA, and HYPERTENSION. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Intracranial Arteriosclerosis Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, Low [description not available] | 0 | 4.47 | 5 | 1 |
| Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients. | 0 | 4.47 | 5 | 1 |
| Gastroduodenal Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Peptic Ulcer Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 6.93 | 1 | 0 |
| 47,XX,+21 [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Down Syndrome A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercapnia A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood. | 0 | 3.32 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 5.04 | 16 | 0 |
| Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 5.04 | 16 | 0 |
| Bright Disease A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright. | 0 | 2.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.16 | 6 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 2.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 4.16 | 6 | 0 |
| Coronary Thrombosis Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 7.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Blood Clot [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. | 0 | 7.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Disease, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 4.16 | 6 | 0 |
| Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. | 0 | 4.16 | 6 | 0 |
| Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Familial [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Fasting Hypoglycemia HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast. | 0 | 3.6 | 3 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypoglycemia A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH. | 0 | 3.6 | 3 | 0 |
| Chronic Primary Open Angle Glaucoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Glaucoma, Angle Closure [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Exfoliation Glaucoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Glaucoma, Open-Angle Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iris. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Glaucoma, Angle-Closure A form of glaucoma in which the intraocular pressure increases because the angle of the anterior chamber is blocked and the aqueous humor cannot drain from the anterior chamber. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Exfoliation Syndrome The deposition of flaky, translucent fibrillar material most conspicuous on the anterior lens capsule and pupillary margin but also in both surfaces of the iris, the zonules, trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, corneal endothelium, and orbital blood vessels. It sometimes forms a membrane on the anterior iris surface. Exfoliation refers to the shedding of pigment by the iris. (Newell, Ophthalmology, 7th ed, p380) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Bleeding [description not available] | 0 | 3.82 | 2 | 1 |
| Hemorrhagic Shock [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. | 0 | 3.82 | 2 | 1 |
| Ovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Asphyxia Neonatorum Respiratory failure in the newborn. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 4.84 | 4 | 2 |
| Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking. | 0 | 8.1 | 5 | 0 |
| Actinomycetoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Mycetoma A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes (actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses, and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens, such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with different grain colors. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia L 1210 [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Poisoning [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available] | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS). | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Lymphoid Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Narrowing [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Carotid Stenosis Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3) | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute-Phase Reaction An early local inflammatory reaction to insult or injury that consists of fever, an increase in inflammatory humoral factors, and an increased synthesis by hepatocytes of a number of proteins or glycoproteins usually found in the plasma. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Bladder Calculi [description not available] | 0 | 8.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Behavior Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercalciuria Excretion of abnormally high level of CALCIUM in the URINE, greater than 4 mg/kg/day. | 0 | 3.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Adverse Drug Event [description not available] | 0 | 4.26 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperoxaluria Excretion of an excessive amount of OXALATES in the urine. | 0 | 3.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Urogenital [description not available] | 0 | 3.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals. | 0 | 4.26 | 2 | 0 |
| Bacterial Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Leishmania Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Leishmaniasis A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Aqueductal Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 7 | 0 |
| Rheumatism [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Rheumatic Diseases Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Depression, Endogenous [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Neuroretinitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinitis Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis). | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Uveitis Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Complications, Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypospermatogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Chromoblastomycosis Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi, that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p362) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Fetal Distress A nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) indicating that the FETUS is compromised (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 1988). It can be identified by sub-optimal values in FETAL HEART RATE; oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD; and other parameters. | 0 | 6.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Fatty Liver [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Swelling [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) | 0 | 2.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Anemia, Hypochromic Anemia characterized by a decrease in the ratio of the weight of hemoglobin to the volume of the erythrocyte, i.e., the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is less than normal. The individual cells contain less hemoglobin than they could have under optimal conditions. Hypochromic anemia may be caused by iron deficiency from a low iron intake, diminished iron absorption, or excessive iron loss. It can also be caused by infections or other diseases, therapeutic drugs, lead poisoning, and other conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Miale, Laboratory Medicine: Hematology, 6th ed, p393) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Bloom Syndrome An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by telangiectatic ERYTHEMA of the face, photosensitivity, DWARFISM and other abnormalities, and a predisposition toward developing cancer. The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA helicase. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Erythema Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Death [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Angioma A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of blood or lymphatic vessels that forms a tumor-like mass. Vessels in the angioma may or may not be dilated. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemangioma A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of BLOOD VESSELS that forms a tumor-like mass. The common types involve CAPILLARIES and VEINS. It can occur anywhere in the body but is most frequently noticed in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. (from Stedman, 27th ed, 2000) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Leucocythaemia [description not available] | 0 | 3.8 | 4 | 0 |
| Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006) | 0 | 3.8 | 4 | 0 |
| Metabolic Acidosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.31 | 2 | 0 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94) | 0 | 3.31 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.78 | 2 | 1 |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA. | 0 | 3.78 | 2 | 1 |
| Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Mouth [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Ataxia Telangiectasia An autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood, progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections, lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to chromosome 11 (11q22-q23). | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Skin [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Circulatory Collapse [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Shock A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Germinoblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Thymus [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Thymus Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Cot Death [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Pachymeningitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Tuberculous [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacterial Meningitides [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Viral Viral infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis, Meningeal A form of bacterial meningitis caused by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute, with progressions occurring over a period of several days or longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits, somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp717-9) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Bacterial Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex, cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Complication, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Congenital, Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuroma A tumor made up of nerve cells and nerve fibers. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 6.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Allergic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS). | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Primary Peritonitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathological [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormality, Heart [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Infantile Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Disc, Herniated [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Nervous System Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Intervertebral Disc Displacement An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS has protruded through surrounding ANNULUS FIBROSUS. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Glucosephosphatase [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Glycogen Storage Disease Type I An autosomal recessive disease in which gene expression of glucose-6-phosphatase is absent, resulting in hypoglycemia due to lack of glucose production. Accumulation of glycogen in liver and kidney leads to organomegaly, particularly massive hepatomegaly. Increased concentrations of lactic acid and hyperlipidemia appear in the plasma. Clinical gout often appears in early childhood. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position. | 0 | 3.78 | 11 | 0 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Malignant Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445) | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cytomegalovirus A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Colitis Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Cataract, Membranous [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 7.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.31 | 2 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord. | 0 | 3.31 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis. | 0 | 7.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Coronary Artery Vasospasm [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Coronary Vasospasm Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Infarct [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| AIDS Seroconversion [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Lassitude [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Urethral Obstruction Partial or complete blockage in any part of the URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Meningococcal [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Artery Occlusion Sudden ISCHEMIA in the RETINA due to blocked blood flow through the CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY or its branches leading to sudden complete or partial loss of vision, respectively, in the eye. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Lens Dislocation [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Myelopathy [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Spinal Cord Diseases Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Loss, Surgical Loss of blood during a surgical procedure. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Embryopathies [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Acute Monocytic [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperoxia An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Autosomal Chromosome Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| MODS [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Multiple Organ Failure A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Chromosomal Breakage [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Psychomotor Epilepsy, Childhood [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321). | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Thyroiditis [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Birth Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Patency of the Ductus Arteriosus [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Retrolental Fibroplasia [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Ductus Arteriosus, Patent A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinopathy of Prematurity A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Retina [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinoblastoma A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Angiopathies VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Gland Hypofunction [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Insufficiency Conditions in which the production of adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS falls below the requirement of the body. Adrenal insufficiency can be caused by defects in the ADRENAL GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, or the HYPOTHALAMUS. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Angina at Rest [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Angina, Unstable Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Brain Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 3.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. | 0 | 3.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Bovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Bilirubinemia [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxia, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 4.06 | 3 | 1 |
| Critical Illness A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Suffocation [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Asphyxia A pathological condition caused by lack of oxygen, manifested in impending or actual cessation of life. | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Glial Cell Tumors [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Dermatomycoses Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Clerambault Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperparathyroidism A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Labor [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Convulsions, Febrile [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Seizures, Febrile Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children aged 3 months to five years. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been identified in some families. The majority are simple febrile seizures (generally defined as generalized onset, single seizures with a duration of less than 30 minutes). Complex febrile seizures are characterized by focal onset, duration greater than 30 minutes, and/or more than one seizure in a 24 hour period. The likelihood of developing epilepsy (i.e., a nonfebrile seizure disorder) following simple febrile seizures is low. Complex febrile seizures are associated with a moderately increased incidence of epilepsy. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p784) | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Bacterial Prostatitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Prostatitis Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment. | 0 | 6.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Symptom Cluster [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastric Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cor Pulmonale [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Polyarthritis [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Demyelinating Diseases Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Child Development Deviations [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Stunted Growth [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Developmental Disabilities Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed) | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Growth Disorders Deviations from the average values for a specific age and sex in any or all of the following: height, weight, skeletal proportions, osseous development, or maturation of features. Included here are both acceleration and retardation of growth. | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin E [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic excess ALCOHOL DRINKING. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Hepatoma [description not available] | 0 | 3.07 | 5 | 0 |
| Cryptogenic Infantile Spasms [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Spasms, Infantile An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12 months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51) | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia P388 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Sterility, Male [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infertility, Male The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Amentia [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Dementia An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Intestines [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Arrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Rectum [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Rectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Constitutional Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Biliary Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Bilateral Headache [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscular Dystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscular Dystrophies A heterogeneous group of inherited MYOPATHIES, characterized by wasting and weakness of the SKELETAL MUSCLE. They are categorized by the sites of MUSCLE WEAKNESS; AGE OF ONSET; and INHERITANCE PATTERNS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Group A Strep Infection [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Proteus [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebromeningitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Aneurysm, Aortic [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Aneurysm An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Aneurysm, Anterior Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Intracranial Aneurysm Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms ( | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Renal Tubular, Type I [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Renal Tubular A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS. Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |