Agent that is used to decrease appetite.
ChEBI ID: 50507
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|---|---|
| benzphetamine | Dextroamphetamine in which the the hydrogens attached to the amino group are substituted by a methyl and a benzyl group. A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to dextroamphetamine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the treatment of obesity. | benzphetamine |
| dexfenfluramine | The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects. | (S)-fenfluramine |
| dexfenfluramine hydrochloride | The hydrochloride salt of (S)-fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike the racemate it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth in the treatment of obesity, but, like the racemate, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects. | (S)-fenfluramine hydrochloride |
| diethylpropion | An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone in which one of the hydrogens alpha- to the carbonyl is substituted by a diethylamino group. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as the hydrochloride as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity. | diethylpropion |
| diethylpropion hydrochloride | The hydrochloride salt of diethylpropion. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity. | diethylpropion hydrochloride |
| fenfluramine | A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension. | fenfluramine |
| lorcaserin | A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and a t position 6 by a chloro group. | lorcaserin |
| phentermine | phentermine | |
| semaglutide | A polypeptide that contains a linear sequence of 31 amino acids joined together by peptide linkages. It is an agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors (GLP-1 AR) and used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. | semaglutide |
| sr141716 | A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 1-aminopiperidine. It is a potent and selective cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) antagonist. Besides its antagonistic properties, numerous studies have shown that, at micromolar concentrations rimonabant behaves as an inverse agonist at CB1 receptors. The drug was the first selective CB1 antagonist/inverse agonist introduced into clinical practice to treat obesity and metabolic-related disorders. It was later withdrawn from market due to CNS-related adverse effects including depression and suicidal ideation. | rimonabant |
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs with This Role(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 1,843 (25.98) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1,402 (19.76) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 1,816 (25.60) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 1,381 (19.46) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 653 (9.20) | 2.80 |
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs with this Role (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 832 (10.45%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 896 (11.26%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 313 (3.93%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 23 (0.29%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 5,895 (74.07%) | 84.16% |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.2636 | 7 | 9 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.8878 | 2 | 4 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 79.4328 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 2C9, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.2268 | 1 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450 2D6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.5267 | 1 | 5 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.6038 | 1 | 3 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 19.7922 | 4 | 7 |
| estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.4392 | 1 | 1 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.2971 | 6 | 6 |
| euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.4642 | 1 | 2 |
| EWS/FLI fusion protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.3518 | 4 | 4 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 33.4889 | 1 | 1 |
| Fumarate hydratase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.0680 | 1 | 2 |
| G | Vesicular stomatitis virus | Potency | 31.2268 | 1 | 2 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.9660 | 2 | 2 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.2258 | 2 | 2 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.1292 | 2 | 4 |
| heat shock protein beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.6011 | 2 | 2 |
| histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Histone H2A.x | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 55.1965 | 1 | 1 |
| HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.2268 | 1 | 2 |
| hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.8325 | 1 | 1 |
| Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.2268 | 1 | 4 |
| Interferon beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.4140 | 2 | 5 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.9768 | 1 | 2 |
| Microtubule-associated protein tau | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.1259 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.1842 | 2 | 2 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.5216 | 2 | 2 |
| peripheral myelin protein 22 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 18.1056 | 1 | 1 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 8.3088 | 3 | 3 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 33.4889 | 1 | 1 |
| polyprotein | Zika virus | Potency | 27.0680 | 1 | 2 |
| potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.0193 | 1 | 2 |
| PPM1D protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.5388 | 1 | 2 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.7500 | 1 | 2 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.3581 | 2 | 3 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 20.2956 | 2 | 3 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.0634 | 3 | 3 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.1998 | 2 | 2 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.2762 | 2 | 2 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 28.1406 | 2 | 3 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1838 | 1 | 1 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.5767 | 1 | 1 |
| vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.2704 | 2 | 2 |
| vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 89.1251 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 3.4030 | 1 | 1 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 1.9440 | 1 | 1 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 3.4030 | 1 | 1 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 1.9440 | 1 | 1 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.6212 | 5 | 5 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.1517 | 5 | 5 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0713 | 7 | 7 |
| ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 133.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Bile salt export pump | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 17.5000 | 2 | 2 |
| C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0016 | 1 | 1 |
| Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 133.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0219 | 31 | 31 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 0.0081 | 3 | 3 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0447 | 79 | 83 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 0.0062 | 2 | 2 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0046 | 8 | 11 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 2.3894 | 19 | 19 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 1.7507 | 46 | 49 |
| Cathepsin B | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 1.5800 | 1 | 1 |
| Cytochrome P450 2C19 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0069 | 1 | 1 |
| Cytochrome P450 3A4 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0069 | 1 | 1 |
| Fatty acid-binding protein, liver | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 2.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.9000 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0250 | 1 | 1 |
| Mu-type opioid receptor | Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) | IC50 | 0.1080 | 1 | 1 |
| Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 1.4000 | 1 | 1 |
| Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 133.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 4.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| N-arachidonyl glycine receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 10.1000 | 1 | 1 |
| Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 3.7950 | 2 | 2 |
| Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.5160 | 1 | 1 |
| Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.2170 | 1 | 1 |
| Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 10.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 10.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 2.6060 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 0.3587 | 9 | 13 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 0.5083 | 10 | 14 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C | Canis lupus familiaris (dog) | EC50 | 0.0162 | 1 | 1 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 0.0222 | 15 | 22 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 0.0654 | 15 | 16 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | EC50 | 28.1526 | 2 | 2 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kd | 0.0027 | 8 | 16 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Kd | 0.0025 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Kd | 0.0018 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | EC50 | 0.0150 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 20.6050 | 2 | 2 |
| Cytochrome P450 1A2 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 0.0399 | 1 | 2 |
| Cytochrome P450 2D6 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 10.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Cytochrome P450 3A4 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 0.0399 | 1 | 2 |
| G-protein coupled receptor 55 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 2.0100 | 1 | 1 |
| Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | EC50 | 0.1080 | 1 | 1 |
| Trace amine-associated receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 5.4700 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kb | 0.0007 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ke | 1.4294 | 7 | 7 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kieq | 0.0120 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Log Ki | 0.0011 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kb | 1.9770 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kieq | 0.7900 | 1 | 1 |
| Cannabinoid receptor 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Log Ki | 0.0028 | 1 | 1 |
| Kappa-type opioid receptor | Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) | Kb | 0.0007 | 1 | 2 |
| Orexin receptor type 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ke | 6.6670 | 3 | 3 |