ketorolac profile

Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to treat pain and inflammation. It is available as a tablet, injection, and eye drop. Ketorolac is a derivative of the naturally occurring compound, ketorol, which is found in the plant, *Centaurea behen*. It has been shown to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are involved in the production of prostaglandins, chemicals that cause pain and inflammation. Ketorolac is effective in treating moderate to severe pain, such as pain after surgery, dental procedures, and migraines. It is often used to manage pain associated with inflammatory conditions, such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Ketorolac is studied to better understand its mechanism of action, potential therapeutic uses, and to explore potential drug interactions and side effects. '

Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed) [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	3826
CHEMBL ID	469
CHEBI ID	76223
CHEBI ID	6129
SCHEMBL ID	14891
MeSH ID	M0112721

Synonym
AC-545
1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro-5-benzoyl-, (+-)-
ketorolacum [latin]
(+-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
ketorolac [inn:ban]
ketorolaco [spanish]
(+-)-ketorolac
rs 37619
AB00053682-14
BRD-A40639672-234-05-7
rs-37619
5-(phenylcarbonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
66635-83-4
1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro
AB00053682
74103-06-3
C07062
ketorolac
ketoralac
DB00465
rac-ketorolac
toradol (tn)
NCGC00185990-01
CHEMBL469
chebi:76223 ,
D08104
ketorolac (inn)
STL018674
FT-0653523
5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
NCGC00185990-02
ketorolacum
unii-yzi5105v0l
yzi5105v0l ,
macril
ketorolaco
CCG-204762
cas_74103-07-4
bdbm85511
AKOS005657203
FT-0670664
FT-0670666
NCGC00185990-05
S1646
5-(benzoyl)-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
gtpl6661
1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro, (+/-)-
ketorolac [inn]
(+/-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
ketorolac [mi]
ketorolac [vandf]
ketorolac [who-dd]
AB00053682-12
HY-B0580
5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3h-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid
MLS006011844
ketorolac, ketorolactromethamine, ketorolac tromethamine
smr001550090
SCHEMBL14891
rac-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
CHEBI:6129 ,
KS-5175
1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-
(.+/-.)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro-5-benzoyl-, (.+/-.)-
5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid #
(.+/-.)-2,3-dihydro-5-benzoyl-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
HMS3604J05
AB00053682_16
AB00053682_15
DTXSID8023189 ,
mfcd00864281
5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid
AC-1121
F16555
SBI-0050655.P003
ketorolac (nsaid)
FT-0670665
Q2014797
rs37619
BRD-A40639672-234-09-9
SDCCGSBI-0050655.P004
NCGC00185990-15
HMS3884M04
(1rs)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid
A934549
SY107530
toraldar
5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylicacid
EN300-170843
Z2429420872
ketorolacum (latin)
m01ab15
s01bc05
dtxcid503189

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Ketorolac is an effective analgesic but the potential for acute kidney injury (AKI) is concerning, particularly in geriatric "G-60 trauma" patients. "	( Identification of Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury from Intravenous Ketorolac in Geriatric Trauma Patients. Barletta, JF; Hall, ST; Mangram, AJ, 2022)	2.4
"Ketorolac is an opioid sparing agent commonly used in children. "	( Ketorolac use and risk of bleeding after appendectomy in children with perforated appendicitis. Kelley-Quon, LI; Kim, E; Kingston, P; Lascano, D; Ourshalimian, S; Russell, CJ, 2022)	3.61
"Ketorolac is an effective adjunct in multimodal regimens for postoperative pain control."	( Bleeding and ketorolac use in pediatric circumcision. Davis, RL; Lee, J; Lin, HM; Ouyang, Y; Yudkowitz, FS; Zhou, EP, 2023)	2
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory racemic drug with analgesic effects only attributed to its S-enantiomer. "	( Impact of enantiomer-specific changes in pharmacokinetics between infants and adults on the target concentration of racemic ketorolac: A pooled analysis. Allegaert, K; Cloesmeijer, ME; Daali, Y; Lynn, AM; Mian, P; Olkkola, KT; Smits, A; Tibboel, D; van Esdonk, MJ, 2021)	2.27
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as part of multimodal analgesia in women undergoing cesarean delivery. "	( Intra-operative ketorolac 15 mg versus 30 mg for analgesia following cesarean delivery: a retrospective study. Fuller, M; Habib, AS; Pedro, C; Yurashevich, M, 2020)	2.35
"Ketorolac is an additional low-cost option for conservative management of primary osteoarthritis, and due to its differing mechanism of action, it may not propagate additional cartilage damage or preclude from early surgical intervention if unsuccessful."	( Intra-articular Injections of the Hip and Knee With Triamcinolone vs Ketorolac: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Daines, SB; Fuerst, PG; Jurgensmeier, D; Jurgensmeier, K; Kunz, DE; Warth, LC, 2021)	1.58
"Ketorolac is a reasonable non-narcotic alternative to fentanyl which provides equal pain control and does not increase tube occlusion rates."	( Perioperative pain control and tympanostomy tube outcomes. Adil, E; Irace, AL; Kawai, K; Leung, P; Riley, B, 2020)	2
"Ketorolac is a frequently used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug due to its excellent disposition in all administration routes; however, it possesses an "analgesic ceiling," which means that higher doses of the drug have no additional analgesic effect."	( Periarticular Injection of Ketorolac Augmenting Intravenous Administration of Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty. Laoruengthana, A; Lohitnavy, M; Mahatthanatrakul, A; Pongpirul, K; Rattanaprichavej, P; Tantimethanon, T, 2022)	1.74
"Ketorolac tromethamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is extensively used for the management of renal colic in the emergency department (ED). "	( Comparison of intravenous ketorolac at three doses for treating renal colic in the emergency department: A noninferiority randomized controlled trial. Ahmadi, A; Bahreini, M; Eidinejad, L; Mirfazaelian, H; Thiruganasambandamoorthy, V; Yazdchi, M, 2021)	2.36
"Ketorolac has proved to be a safe alternative or addition to narcotics in other operations, but has not been thoroughly evaluated in TORS."	( Evaluating the risks and benefits of ketorolac in transoral robotic surgery. Drejet, SM; Mantravadi, AV; Moore, M; Sandelski, MM; Sim, MW; Yesensky, JA; Zimmer, D, 2021)	1.62
"Ketorolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug administered as an analgesic in humans. "	( Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after a single intramuscular injection. Gorges, MA; Gregory, TM; Harms, CA; Lewbart, GA; Papich, MG, 2021)	2.39
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug often administered for pain control after spine surgery. "	( The Effect of Ketorolac on Thoracolumbar Posterolateral Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ajiboye, RM; Drysch, A; Li, J; Orden, MH; Pourtaheri, S; Sharma, A, 2018)	2.28
"Ketorolac is an effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, commonly used with local anaesthetics as part of local infiltration analgesia protocols following orthopaedic surgery. "	( Randomized controlled trial of intra-articular ketorolac on pain and inflammation after minor arthroscopic knee surgery. Bjerkeli, V; Gordh, T; Gregersen, I; Halvorsen, B; Rosseland, LA; Solheim, N; Stubhaug, A, 2018)	2.18
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can be administered for analgesia in these patients."	( Ketorolac usage in tonsillectomy and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty patients. McClain, K; Williams, AM; Yaremchuk, K, 2020)	2.72
"Ketorolac is a safe and more effective alternative to morphine derivatives for SWL analgesia. "	( Efficacy of pethidine, ketorolac, and lidocaine gel as analgesics for pain control in shockwave lithotripsy: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Abol-Enein, H; Atwa, AM; El-Assmy, A; Elbaset, MA; Fadallah, M; Ghobrial, FK; Hashem, A; Laymon, M; Sheir, KZ, 2019)	2.27
"Ketorolac (KET) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug approved for the use in humans that possesses a potent analgesic activity, comparable to morphine, and could represent a useful tool to control acute pain also in animals. "	( Pharmacokinetics and perioperative efficacy of intravenous ketorolac in dogs. Beccaglia, M; Cagnardi, P; Carli, S; Fonda, D; Gallo, M; Ravasio, G; Villa, R; Zonca, A, 2013)	2.08
"Ketorolac appears to be a safe and effective analgesic to use at the time of oocyte retrieval."	( The effect of ketorolac on pregnancy rates when used immediately after oocyte retrieval. Hurst, BS; Kacemi-Bourhim, L; Marshburn, PB; Matthews, M; Mesen, TB; Norton, HJ; Usadi, RS, 2013)	1.47
"Ketorolac is an attractive alternative for achieving pain control postoperatively, but concerns over postoperative bleeding have limited its use."	( Ketorolac does not increase perioperative bleeding: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gobble, RM; Hoang, HLT; Kachniarz, B; Orgill, DP, 2014)	2.57
"Ketorolac is a parenterally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with localized anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Intraperitoneal ketorolac for post-cholecystectomy pain: a double-blind randomized-controlled trial. Day, AG; Jalink, D; McMullen, M; Murdoch, J; Orr, E; Phelan, R; Ramsey, G, 2016)	2.22
"Ketorolac is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indicated for short term management of moderate to severe post-operative pain. "	( Safety of intravenous use of ketorolac in infants following cardiothoracic surgery. Barclay, CA; Dawkins, TN; Gardiner, RL; Krawczeski, CD, 2009)	2.09
"Ketorolac is a nonopioid, anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for postoperative analgesia. "	( The effects of postoperative ketorolac on wound healing in a rat model. Eck, JC; Gomez, BA; Yaszemski, MJ, 2009)	2.09
"Ketorolac is a parenterally available nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug that nonselectively inhibits cyclooxygenase. "	( Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous ketorolac in infants aged 2-11 months. Christians, U; Cohen, MN; Galinkin, J; Henthorn, T; Moll, V; Vu Tran, Z; Zuk, J, 2011)	2.07
"Ketorolac is a non-selective NSAID which, at low doses, has a preferential COX-1 inhibitory effect and etoricoxib is a new selective COX-2 inhibitor."	( Treatment with paracetamol, ketorolac or etoricoxib did not hinder alveolar bone healing: a histometric study in rats. Fracon, RN; Lamano, T; Moris, IC; Teófilo, JM, 2010)	1.38
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with known antiplatelet activity that is used for analgesia."	( Ketorolac in thyroid surgery: quantifying the risk of hematoma. Chin, CJ; Franklin, JH; Fung, K; Sowerby, L; Turner, B; Yoo, JH, 2011)	2.53
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug widely used as an adjunct to postoperative pain control in adult and pediatric patients. "	( Safety of ketorolac in surgical neonates and infants 0 to 3 months old. Aldrink, JH; Caniano, DA; Ma, M; Puthoff, T; Wang, W; Wispe, J, 2011)	2.21
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug frequently used to treat postoperative pain."	( Perioperative single dose ketorolac to prevent postoperative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Agarwal, D; Benzon, HT; De Oliveira, GS, 2012)	1.4
"Ketorolac (KT) is an intravenous (IV) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for acute, moderate pain. "	( The safety and efficacy of intravenous ketorolac in patients undergoing primary endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. Fargo, K; Moeller, C; Pappas, AL; Pawlowski, J; Welch, K, )	1.84
"Ketorolac is a member of the pyrrolo-pyrrole group of NSAIDs, and has been available in several formulations for some time, for the treatment of pain. "	( Intranasal ketorolac: for short-term pain management. Garnock-Jones, KP, 2012)	2.21
"Ketorolac tromethanime is a non steroidal anti inflammatory drug and its efficacy on acute pain control after abdominal surgery has been well documented. "	( Efficacy of scheduled time ketorolac administration compared to continuous infusion for post-operative pain after abdominal surgery. Bevilacqua, F; Cafarotti, S; Di Stasio, E; Marana, E; Russo, A; Scarano, A, 2012)	2.12
"Ketorolac is a useful adjuvant to lidocaine for IVRA."	( An evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of intravenous regional anesthesia with lidocaine and ketorolac using a forearm versus upper arm tourniquet. Maciolek, H; Manikantan, P; Reuben, SS; Steinberg, RB, 2002)	1.26
"Ketorolac tromethamine is a well-tolerated, effective medication in the treatment of acute biliary colic."	( Comparison of intravenous ketorolac and meperidine in the treatment of biliary colic. Henderson, SO; Newton, E; Swadron, S, 2002)	1.34
"Ketorolac is a powerful nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely used for pain control in children and adults. "	( Use of intravenous ketorolac in the neonate and premature babies. De Carolis, MP; De Francisci, G; Giannantonio, C; Iacobucci, T; Papacci, P; Romagnoli, C; Zecca, E, 2004)	2.09
"Ketorolac is a potent nonsteroidal analgesic agent used to treat postoperative pain. "	( Prospective randomized trial of ketorolac after congenital heart surgery. Daggett, C; Drant, S; Gupta, A; Lewis, A; Rivero, N, 2004)	2.05
"Ketorolac is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. "	( The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of five depot formulations of ketorolac propyl ester in rats. Chu, CC; Hou, CH; Shieh, JP; Tzeng, JI; Wang, JJ; Wang, LK; Wang, PJ, 2005)	2
"Ketorolac is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. "	( Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac pentyl ester, a novel ester derivative of ketorolac, in rabbits. Cheng, KI; Chu, CC; Chu, KS; Shieh, JP; Su, WL; Tzeng, JI; Wang, JJ, 2005)	2.09
"Ketorolac is an injectable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is often used as a transitional short-term analgesic to treat moderate pain and to decrease opioid use. "	( Safety of ketorolac in neonates and infants after cardiac surgery. Carberry, KE; Moffett, BS; Mott, AR; Wann, TI, 2006)	2.18
"Ketorolac is a potent analgesic drug that has been restricted in dosage and use because of its potential adverse effects. "	( Report of an anaphylactoid and an anaphylactic reaction to ketorolac in two pediatric surgical patients. Castillo-Peralta, LA; Castillo-Zamora, C; Nava-Ocampo, AA, 2006)	2.02
"Ketorolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. "	( Ketorolac-dextran conjugates: synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Chaturvedi, SC; Trivedi, P; Vyas, S, 2007)	3.23
"Ketorolac is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic used in postoperative pain management. "	( How readily does ketorolac penetrate cerebrospinal fluid in children? Heikkinen, M; Kokki, H; Kumpulainen, E; Laisalmi, M; Lehtonen, M; Rautio, J; Savolainen, J, 2008)	2.13
"Ketorolac is an analgesic drug known to induce its therapeutic effect by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. "	( Ionophoretic-like properties of ketorolac for calcium. Bravo, C; Chàvez, E; Chàvez, R; Corona, N; González, C; Pichardo, J; Reyes-Vivas, H; Uribe, A; Zazueta, C, 1993)	2.01
"Ketorolac appears to be a useful supplement for analgesia after laparoscopic sterilization, providing improved analgesia as well as decreased recovery time and fewer unplanned admissions."	( Ketorolac or pethidine for analgesia after elective laparoscopic sterilization. Cade, L; Kakulas, P, 1995)	2.46
"Ketorolac appears to be a safe and effective therapy for children when given in appropriate doses for a limited duration."	( Clinical experience with ketorolac in children. Buck, ML, 1994)	2.03
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal analgesic that may provide postoperative analgesia without opioid-related side effects. "	( Evaluation of intravenous ketorolac administered by bolus or infusion for treatment of postoperative pain. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Brown, CR; Egan, KJ; Jones, SF; Moodie, JE; Ready, LB; Ross, B; Stahlgren, LH; Tommeraasen, M; Trierwieler, M; Wild, L, 1994)	2.03
"Ketorolac is a powerful potentiator of morphine antinociception during visceral nociception in the rat. "	( Ketorolac potentiates morphine antinociception during visceral nociception in the rat. Gebhart, GF; Maves, TJ; Meller, ST; Pechman, PS, 1994)	3.17
"Ketorolac is an effective and popular long-lasting analgesic that is especially useful in the emergency department and postoperatively. "	( Ketorolac-precipitated asthma. Hebert, WG; Scopelitis, E, 1994)	3.17
"Ketorolac is a new, parenteral, nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent. "	( Ketorolac versus acetaminophen or ibuprofen in controlling postoperative pain in patients with strabismus. Morrison, NA; Repka, MX, 1994)	3.17
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent with opioid-sparing properties. "	( Use of ketorolac after lower abdominal surgery. Effect on analgesic requirement and surgical outcome. Holtmann, B; Parker, RK; Smith, I; White, PF, 1994)	2.19
"Ketorolac is a beneficial adjuvant to fentanyl PCEA for postoperative pain management after radical retropubic prostatectomy."	( Assessment of ketorolac as an adjuvant to fentanyl patient-controlled epidural analgesia after radical retropubic prostatectomy. Bourke, DL; Fischer, K; Grass, JA; Jackson, C; Sakima, NT; Valley, M; Walsh, P, 1993)	2.09
"Ketorolac is a parenteral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that provides analgesia through a peripheral mechanism. "	( Intravenous ketorolac and subarachnoid opioid analgesia in the management of acute postoperative pain. Byers, RS; Gwirtz, KH; Kim, HC; Kovach, DA; Li, W; Nagy, DJ; Young, JV, )	1.95
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, available in both oral and parenteral forms, that possesses significant analgesic potency. "	( The analgesic efficacy of ketorolac for acute pain. Catapano, MS, )	1.87
"Ketorolac is a parenteral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). "	( Comparison of analgesic effect of locally and systemically administered ketorolac in mastectomy patients. Bosek, V; Cox, CE, 1996)	1.97
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is indicated for the short-term management of moderately severe, acute pain, that causes analgesia equivalent to that caused by morphine. "	( Ketorolac causes the release of methionine-enkephalin in rats. Domer, FR; Holt, JC; Michel, RE, 1996)	3.18
"Ketorolac is a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) having a potent nonopioid analgesic activity. "	( Continuous subcutaneous infusion of ketorolac in cancer neuropathic pain unresponsive to opioid and adjuvant drugs. A case report. De Conno, F; Ripamonti, C; Rodriguez, CH; Ticozzi, C; Zecca, E, )	1.85
"Ketorolac is an efficient drug for the treatment of moderate to severe pain following minor or intermediate types of surgery. "	( Analgesic efficacy of ketorolac. Wheatley, RG, 1996)	2.05
"Ketorolac is an effective alternative for patients who may be hypersensitive to narcotic analgesia/sedation."	( Colonoscopy by a family physician: a 9-year experience of 1048 procedures. Hopper, W; Kyker, KA; Rodney, WM, 1996)	1.02
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with strong analgesic activity. "	( Ketorolac. A reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in pain management. Brogden, RN; Gillis, JC, 1997)	3.18
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with potent analgesic effects and a relatively low incidence of adverse effects. "	( Ketorolac for postoperative pain management in children. Forrest, JB; Heitlinger, EL; Revell, S, 1997)	3.18
"Ketorolac (K) is a useful addition to lidocaine for i.v. "	( The dose-response relationship of ketorolac as a component of intravenous regional anesthesia with lidocaine. Gardner, G; Reuben, SS; Steinberg, RB, 1998)	2.02
"Ketorolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug approved in the United States for the relief of ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis."	( Comparative evaluation of olopatadine ophthalmic solution (0.1%) versus ketorolac ophthalmic solution (0.5%) using the provocative antigen challenge model. Abelson, M; Deschenes, J; Discepola, M, 1999)	1.26
"Ketorolac is a parenteral, nonsteroidal analgesic that does not have a narcotic's risks of respiratory depression, hypotension, or dependence. "	( Effect of ketorolac in pediatric sickle cell vaso-occlusive pain crisis. Givens, TG; Hardwick, WE; King, WD; Lawley, D; Monroe, KW, 1999)	2.15
"Ketorolac, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, with strong analgesic activity. "	( Solid dispersion of hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and ketorolac: enhancement of in-vitro dissolution rates, improvement in anti-inflammatory activity and reduction in ulcerogenicity in rats. Meshram, RN; Nagarsenker, MS; Ramprakash, G, 2000)	2
"Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication that is used widely for pain management. "	( A prospective study comparing i.m. ketorolac with i.m. meperidine in the treatment of acute biliary colic. Anderson, R; Dula, DJ; Wood, GC, 2001)	2.03
"Ketorolac is a potent nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). "	( Analgesic efficacy of ketorolac and morphine in neonatal rats. Barr, GA; Cheng, J; Gupta, A; Wang, S, 2001)	2.07
"Ketorolac is a potent non-steroidal analgesic with moderate anti-inflammatory effects."	( Intra-muscular ketorolac administered as a supplemental analgesic for removal of impacted third molar teeth: a prospective study. Smith, A; Wright, G, 2002)	1.39
"Ketorolac is a useful alternative to fentanyl for the treatment of intraoperative pain refractory to the administration of local anesthetic alone during monitored anesthesia care. "	( Ketorolac or fentanyl to supplement local anesthesia? Bosek, V; Cox, C; Smith, DB, )	3.02
"1. Ketorolac is an investigational non-opioid analgesic. "	( Psychomotor effects of ketorolac in comparison with buprenorphine and diclofenac. Dow, RJ; Gough, KJ; MacDonald, FC; Nicoll, RA, 1989)	1.21
"Ketorolac is a potent analgesic agent with antiplatelet properties which is known to cross the placenta. "	( Effect of maternal ketorolac administration of platelet function in the newborn. Greer, IA; Johnston, J; Tulloch, I; Walker, JJ, 1988)	2.05
"Ketorolac is a potent cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor used for the treatment of postoperative pain. "	( Haemostatic effects of ketorolac with and without concomitant heparin in normal volunteers. Bullingham, RE; Forbes, CD; Greer, IA; Lloyd, J; McLaren, M; Spowart, K, 1988)	2.03

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Ketorolac has a novel pharmacologic activity conferred by the R-enantiomer and R-ketorolac achieves sufficient levels in the peritoneal cavity to inhibit Rac1 and Cdc42, potentially contributing to the observed survival benefit in women who received ketorolac."	( A Novel Pharmacologic Activity of Ketorolac for Therapeutic Benefit in Ovarian Cancer Patients. Adams, SF; Bedrick, E; Cook, L; Guo, Y; Hudson, LG; Kang, H; Kenney, SR; Lomo, L; Muller, CY; Oprea, TI; Romero, E; Rutledge, T; Sklar, LA; Wandinger-Ness, A; Wiggins, CL, 2015)	2.14
"Ketorolac has a strong antiplatelet activity and further acts by the inhibition of platelet function, which may last as long as 24 h after the last administration."	( Ruptured subcapsular hematoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy attributed to ketorolac-induced coagulopathy. Halkic, N; Vuilleumier, H, 2003)	1.27
"Ketorolac, has an ionophore-like action for calcium, such a drug may transfer calcium through an hydrophobic phase."	( [Ketorolac protection in damage due to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion]. Bravo, C; Chávez, E; Chávez, R; Pichardo, J; Zazueta, C, )	1.76
"Ketorolac has a much longer duration than morphine or meperidine but has a slower onset."	( Clinical implications of ketorolac for postoperative analgesia. Fiedler, MA, 1997)	1.32
"Ketorolac, a NSAID, has demonstrated opioid-sparing effects in other clinical settings."	( Opioid-sparing effects of ketorolac in palliative care patients receiving opioids for chronic cancer-related pain: A systematic literature review. Butcher, B; Clark, K; Currow, D; Fazekas, B; Hutchings, E; Rowett, D, 2022)	1.74
"Ketorolac has been added to many of these protocols, but few studies have examined its effects independently."	( Scheduled Postoperative Ketorolac Does Not Decrease Opiate Use following Free Flap Breast Reconstruction. Agarwal, J; Anderson, E; Clinker, C; Eddington, D; Kwok, AC; Marquez, JL; Moss, WD; Sudduth, JD, 2023)	1.94
"Ketorolac tromethamine has been used for joint infiltration by the orthopedic surgeons as a part of postoperative multimodal analgesia. "	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Periarticular Ketorolac in Adult Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Total Knee Replacement Surgery. Bijoor, M; Gurunathan, U; Maguire, R; Parker, SL; Ramdath, D; Roberts, JA; Wallis, SC, 2019)	2.22
"Ketorolac has been associated with a lower risk of recurrence in retrospective studies, especially in patients with positive inflammatory markers. "	( Intraoperative ketorolac in high-risk breast cancer patients. A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Berliere, M; Bouche, G; Coulie, PG; De Kock, M; Decloedt, J; Dekleermaker, A; Duhoux, FP; Forget, P; Guillaume, JE; Ledent, M; Machiels, JP; Mustin, V; Swinnen, W; van Maanen, A; Vander Essen, L; Verougstraete, JC, 2019)	2.31
"Ketorolac has proved to be a safe alternative or addition to narcotics in other operations, but has not been thoroughly evaluated in TORS."	( Evaluating the risks and benefits of ketorolac in transoral robotic surgery. Drejet, SM; Mantravadi, AV; Moore, M; Sandelski, MM; Sim, MW; Yesensky, JA; Zimmer, D, 2021)	1.62
"Ketorolac has well-documented opioid-sparing effects in the postoperative period; however, its use is limited because of concerns of postoperative bleeding and hematoma formation."	( Perioperative Ketorolac Use and Postoperative Hematoma Formation in Reduction Mammaplasty: A Single-Surgeon Experience of 500 Consecutive Cases. Firriolo, JM; Labow, BI; Nuzzi, LC; Schmidtberg, LC, 2018)	1.56
"Ketorolac has been shown to provide quality postoperative pain control and decrease opioid requirement with minimal side effects following spinal surgery. "	( The effect of ketorolac on posterior thoracolumbar spinal fusions: a prospective double-blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial protocol. Bahoura, M; Bono, P; Claus, CF; Dosanjh, A; Houseman, C; Kelkar, P; Lago, D; Lawless, M; Lytle, E; Richards, B; Sigler, D; Slavnic, D; Soo, TM; Tong, D, 2019)	2.32
"Ketorolac has reported side effects that include dizziness, ear pain, hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo in humans, but ketorolac has not been reported to affect the vestibular system in animals."	( Effects of acute administration of ketorolac on mammalian vestibular sensory evoked potentials. Gaines, GC; Jones, TA, 2013)	1.39
"Ketorolac has been used safely as an analgesic agent for children following cardiac surgery in selected populations. "	( Ketorolac as an analgesic agent for infants and children after cardiac surgery: safety profile and appropriate patient selection. Jalkut, MK, )	3.02
"Ketorolac has a novel pharmacologic activity conferred by the R-enantiomer and R-ketorolac achieves sufficient levels in the peritoneal cavity to inhibit Rac1 and Cdc42, potentially contributing to the observed survival benefit in women who received ketorolac."	( A Novel Pharmacologic Activity of Ketorolac for Therapeutic Benefit in Ovarian Cancer Patients. Adams, SF; Bedrick, E; Cook, L; Guo, Y; Hudson, LG; Kang, H; Kenney, SR; Lomo, L; Muller, CY; Oprea, TI; Romero, E; Rutledge, T; Sklar, LA; Wandinger-Ness, A; Wiggins, CL, 2015)	2.14
"Ketorolac has no effect on pain sensitivity, when determining the pain threshold (PT) by method of thermoalgometry."	( [Influence of simulated microgravity on the threshold of pain sensitivity in humans with single dose of ketorolac]. Baranov, MV; Chernogorov, RV; Kovalev, AS; Perfilov, DF; Repenkova, LG, )	1.07
"Ketorolac use has significantly expanded for postoperative pain management since it first became available in the United States, primarily due to well established effects on patient pain scores and its ability to reduce perioperative opioid requirements. "	( Safety Considerations in the Use of Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain. Kodumudi, G; Lipana, L; Maslin, B; Roth, B; Vadivelu, N, 2017)	2.17
"Ketorolac has similar analgesic efficacy at intravenous doses of 10, 15, and 30 mg, showing that intravenous ketorolac administered at the analgesic ceiling dose (10 mg) provided effective pain relief to ED patients with moderate to severe pain without increased adverse effects."	( Comparison of Intravenous Ketorolac at Three Single-Dose Regimens for Treating Acute Pain in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cohen, V; Drapkin, J; Filk, N; Fromm, C; Homel, P; Hossain, R; Huang, F; Likourezos, A; Motov, S; Pushkar, I; Rockoff, B; Smith, A; Yasavolian, M, 2017)	2.2
"Ketorolac, an NSAID, has low intrinsic permeation capacity through the skin. "	( Synthesis of piperazinylalkyl ester prodrugs of ketorolac and their in vitro evaluation for transdermal delivery. Al-Nabulsi, S; Al-Taani, B; Qandil, A; Tashtoush, B, 2008)	2.04
"Ketorolac has previously been shown to afford good pain relief in children undergoing surgery. "	( Perioperative ketorolac use in children undergoing lower extremity osteotomies. Directo, MP; Kay, RM; Leathers, M; Myung, K; Skaggs, DL, )	1.93
"Ketorolac has a strong antiplatelet activity and further acts by the inhibition of platelet function, which may last as long as 24 h after the last administration."	( Ruptured subcapsular hematoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy attributed to ketorolac-induced coagulopathy. Halkic, N; Vuilleumier, H, 2003)	1.27
"Ketorolac, has an ionophore-like action for calcium, such a drug may transfer calcium through an hydrophobic phase."	( [Ketorolac protection in damage due to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion]. Bravo, C; Chávez, E; Chávez, R; Pichardo, J; Zazueta, C, )	1.76
"Ketorolac (1mg.kg-1) has not a strong antithrombotic activity. "	( [Comparison of the effects of ketorolac and aspirin on hemostasis in the rabbit]. Coriat, P; Daghfous, M; Delaporte-Cerceau, S; Drouet, L; Nafziger, J; Riou, B; Samama, CM, 1995)	2.02
"Oral ketorolac has been shown to provide analgesia that is the same or better than aspirin, acetaminophen, and dextropropoxyphene with acetaminophen, and equal analgesia to most other commonly available oral analgesics, including ibuprofen and acetaminophen with codeine."	( The analgesic efficacy of ketorolac for acute pain. Catapano, MS, )	0.89
"Ketorolac tromethamine has few sedative effects and no respiratory depression."	( Intravenous ketorolac tromethamine versus meperidine for adjunctive sedation in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a pilot study. Clarkston, WK; Dies, DF; Schratz, CL, 1996)	1.39
"Ketorolac tromethamine has been singled out as an NSAID with a distinct gastrotoxicity profile."	( Risk of hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding associated with ketorolac, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, calcium antagonists, and other antihypertensive drugs. Agostinis, L; Cattaruzzi, C; García Rodríguez, LA; Troncon, MG, 1998)	1.25
"Ketorolac has a much longer duration than morphine or meperidine but has a slower onset."	( Clinical implications of ketorolac for postoperative analgesia. Fiedler, MA, 1997)	1.32
"If ketorolac has preemptive effects, then there may be an advantage to administering it at the beginning of surgery despite the potential for increased blood loss."	( Preemptive analgesic effects of ketorolac in ankle fracture surgery. Daley, MD; Lindsey, RW; Norman, PH, 2001)	1.11
"Ketorolac has been used to provide effective postoperative analgesia in children and decreases hospitalization for pediatric patients undergoing ureteroneocystostomy. "	( Safety of ketorolac in the pediatric population after ureteroneocystostomy. Chauhan, RD; Idom, CB; Noe, HN, 2001)	2.16

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Ketorolac-based PCA may increase postoperative AKI incidence after RARP; thus, renal function should be monitored in these patients."	( Comparison between ketorolac- and fentanyl-based patient-controlled analgesia for acute kidney injury after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis. Bae, YK; Jeon, YT; Kim, DH; Kim, HG; Koo, CH; Oh, AY; Ryu, JH, 2023)	2.68
"Ketorolac did not increase risk of hemorrhage following tonsillectomy and decreased narcotic use."	( Intraoperative ketorolac for pediatric tonsillectomy: Effect on post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage and perioperative analgesia. Dahl, JP; Gettelfinger, JD; Matt, BH; Pflum, ZE; Rabbani, CC; Sadhasivam, S; Ye, MJ, 2020)	2.35
"Ketorolac did not increase postoperative hemorrhage rates in patients posttonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy or UPPP."	( Ketorolac usage in tonsillectomy and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty patients. McClain, K; Williams, AM; Yaremchuk, K, 2020)	3.44
"Ketorolac BI can increase the success rate of anesthesia after IANB and BI with articaine in patients with AIP."	( Efficacy of Ketorolac Buccal Infiltrations and Inferior Alveolar Nerve Blocks in Patients with Irreversible Pulpitis: A Prospective, Double-blind, Randomized Clinical Trial. Abbott, PV; Akhlaghi, NM; Hormozi, B; Khalilak, Z, 2016)	2.26
"Ketorolac does not increase the incidence of developing a pseudoarthrosis when used as an adjunct for postoperative analgesia following a PSFI for AIS using segmental spinal instrumentation and iliac crest bone graft. "	( Postoperative ketorolac does not predispose to pseudoarthrosis following posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Agrawal, S; Elerson, E; Lovejoy, JF; McClung, A; Nelson, T; Sucato, DJ, 2008)	2.15
"Ketorolac, which may cause renal vasoconstriction by cyclooxygenase inhibition, is often administered to patients anesthetized with sevoflurane that is metabolized to inorganic fluoride (F(-)), another potential nephrotoxin. "	( Ketorolac is not nephrotoxic in connection with sevoflurane anesthesia in patients undergoing breast surgery. Eriksson, H; Koivusalo, AM; Laisalmi, M; Lindgren, L; Pere, P; Rosenberg, P, 2001)	3.2

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Ketorolac treatment did not affect basal prostanoid levels but completely prevented prostanoid induction upon global ischemia."	( Blood-Brain Barrier Is the Major Site for a Rapid and Dramatic Prostanoid Increase upon Brain Global Ischemia. Golovko, MY; Golovko, SA; Seeger, DR, 2020)	1.28
"R-ketorolac treatment inhibited tumor Rac1 and Cdc42 activity with little impact on mRNA or protein expression of these GTPase targets."	( The R-enantiomer of ketorolac reduces ovarian cancer tumor burden in vivo. Brayer, KJ; Dominguez, DR; Grimes, MM; Guo, Y; Hudson, LG; Kenney, SR; Wandinger-Ness, A, 2021)	1.5
"Ketorolac-treated patients were younger, had better preoperative renal function, and underwent less complex operations compared with non-ketorolac patients. "	( Black box warning: is ketorolac safe for use after cardiac surgery? Jerzewski, K; Kulik, A; Oliveri, L, 2014)	2.16
"Ketorolac treatments were administered either 1 week before optic nerve crush (pre-ONC) or right after the ONC (simultaneous)."	( Ketorolac Administration Attenuates Retinal Ganglion Cell Death After Axonal Injury. Agudo-Barriuso, M; Bravo-Osuna, I; Herrero-Vanrell, R; Molina-Martínez, I; Nadal-Nicolás, FM; Rodriguez-Villagra, E; Sobrado-Calvo, P; Vidal-Sanz, M; Villegas-Pérez, MP, 2016)	2.6
"The ketorolac-treated patients had significantly less pain at both the 2- and 5-hour intervals after surgery compared with either the acetaminophen or ibuprofen groups (P = 0.001). "	( Ketorolac versus acetaminophen or ibuprofen in controlling postoperative pain in patients with strabismus. Morrison, NA; Repka, MX, 1994)	2.29
"Ketorolac-treated patients had consistently (but not significantly) shorter recovery times to oral intake, ambulation, and discharge than those in the dezocine or fentanyl groups."	( Use of analgesics during propofol sedation: a comparison of ketorolac, dezocine, and fentanyl. Ramirez-Ruiz, M; Smith, I; White, PF, 1995)	1.25
"Five ketorolac-treated patients had bleeding which led to unscheduled admission to hospital, P < 0.05, Exact Test."	( Preoperative ketorolac increases bleeding after tonsillectomy in children. MacNeill, HB; Reid, CW; Rhine, EJ; Roberts, DW; Splinter, WM, 1996)	1.12
"Ketorolac-treated patients had significantly better pain control at 2, 6, and 24 h."	( The addition of continuous intravenous infusion of ketorolac to a patient-controlled analgetic morphine regime reduced postoperative myocardial ischemia in patients undergoing elective total hip or knee arthroplasty. Badner, NH; Beattie, WS; Buckley, N; Chan, V; Etches, R; Girard, M; Parsons, D; Warriner, CB, 1997)	1.27
"Ketorolac treated eyes showed 50.7% reduction in main symptoms of itching compared to 33.3% relief in placebo treated eyes after 2 weeks of treatment (p < 0.01)."	( Topical ketorolac 0.5% solution for the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Gupta, A; Gupta, R; Ram, J; Sharma, A, 1997)	1.45
"Ketorolac treatment was significantly better than placebo at 0.5 and 1 hour by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pain Rating Index, and better than meperidine at 2 hours (by the VAS)."	( Controlled trial of ketorolac in tension-type headache. Fink, K; Gracely, RH; Harden, RN; Rogers, D, 1998)	1.34
"Post-treatment with ketorolac was more effective in attenuating PACAP38-induced headache compared to sumatriptan. "	( Investigation of sumatriptan and ketorolac trometamol in the human experimental model of headache. Al-Karagholi, MA; Amin, FM; Arngrim, N; Ashina, M; Ghanizada, H; Larsson, HBW; Metcalf-Clausen, M; Mørch-Rasmussen, M, 2020)	1.16
"Eyes treated with ketorolac and diclofenac demonstrated reduced aqueous leucocyte concentrations of 62% and 64% respectively, compared with untreated controls (p<0.05). "	( Efficacy and pharmacokinetics of intravitreal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for intraocular inflammation. Barañano, DE; Durairaj, C; Edelhauser, HF; Handa, JT; Kim, SJ; Kompella, UB, 2009)	0.69
"Treatment with ketorolac after abdominal myomectomy results in a statistically significant reduction in the rate of febrile episodes."	( The effect of ketorolac on postoperative febrile episodes in patients after abdominal myomectomy. Ascher-Walsh, C; Blanco, J; Held, BI; Michels, A, 2002)	1.03
"Treatment with ketorolac prevented all of these morbidities."	( Ketorolac attenuates cardiopulmonary derangements in sheep with combined burn and smoke inhalation injury. Cox, R; Enkhbaatar, P; Hawkins, H; Herndon, D; Murakami, K; Salsbury, J; Shimoda, K; Traber, D; Traber, L, 2003)	2.1
"Treatment with ketorolac is completed during hospitalization; therefore, compliance is ensured."	( Ketorolac prophylaxis against heterotopic ossification after hip replacement. Pritchett, JW, 1995)	2.07
"Pretreatment with ketorolac almost completely abrogated the endotoxin-induced increase in hepatic amino acid transport."	( Cyclo-oxygenase blockade abrogates the endotoxin-induced increase in Na(+)-dependent hepatic amino acid transport. Bode, BP; Pacitti, AJ; Plumley, DA; Souba, WW; Watkins, K, )	0.45
"Pretreatment with ketorolac had a selective effect on the postburn injury hyperalgesia, reducing the increase in pain intensity (P<0.05) but not the decline in pain threshold. "	( Reduction of postburn hyperalgesia after local injection of ketorolac in healthy volunteers. Brull, SJ; Collins, JG; Kitahata, LM; LaMotte, R; Lundell, JC; O'Connor, TZ; Silverman, DG, 1996)	0.87

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Ketorolac proved safe for short-term intravenous use in children more than 1 year of age when patients with known contraindications to the use of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs were excluded."	( Safety of intravenous ketorolac therapy in children and cost savings with a unit dosing system. Berde, CB; Houck, CS; McDermott, JS; Sethna, NF; Wilder, RT, 1996)	2.05
" In general, the adverse events associated with ketorolac are similar to other NSAIDs."	( Side effects of NSAIDs and dosing recommendations for ketorolac. Camu, F; Lauwers, MH; Vanlersberghe, C, 1996)	0.8
"Gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation, platelet inhibition with altered haemostasis, and renal impairment are among the list of adverse effects associated with the administration of ketorolac."	( Minimising the adverse effects of ketorolac. Reinhart, DI, 2000)	0.78
"Ketorolac is approved for the relief of postoperative pain but concerns have been raised over a possible risk of serious adverse effects and death."	( Ketorolac, diclofenac, and ketoprofen are equally safe for pain relief after major surgery. Abdalla, M; Bianchi, PG; Bonnet, F; Camu, F; Ebrahim, S; Escolar, G; Forrest, JB; Greer, IA; Heitlinger, E; Jage, J; Kehlet, H; Langman, MJ; Pocock, S; Samama, MM; Velo, G, 2002)	3.2
"38%) had a serious adverse outcome, with 19 deaths (0."	( Ketorolac, diclofenac, and ketoprofen are equally safe for pain relief after major surgery. Abdalla, M; Bianchi, PG; Bonnet, F; Camu, F; Ebrahim, S; Escolar, G; Forrest, JB; Greer, IA; Heitlinger, E; Jage, J; Kehlet, H; Langman, MJ; Pocock, S; Samama, MM; Velo, G, 2002)	1.76
"We conclude that ketorolac is as safe as ketoprofen and diclofenac for the treatment of pain after major surgery."	( Ketorolac, diclofenac, and ketoprofen are equally safe for pain relief after major surgery. Abdalla, M; Bianchi, PG; Bonnet, F; Camu, F; Ebrahim, S; Escolar, G; Forrest, JB; Greer, IA; Heitlinger, E; Jage, J; Kehlet, H; Langman, MJ; Pocock, S; Samama, MM; Velo, G, 2002)	2.1
" We suggest that intravenous ketorolac combined with midazolam is a safe and effective anesthetic regiment for ESWL, particularly on ambulatory basis."	( Effects of intravenous ketorolac and fentanyl combined with midazolam on analgesia and side effects during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Cherng, CH; Ho, ST; Wong, CS; Yang, CP, 2002)	0.92
" These data suggest that intrathecal ketorolac does not produce a high incidence of serious adverse events, and they support further investigation for analgesia."	( Phase I safety assessment of intrathecal ketorolac. Curry, R; Eisenach, JC; Hood, DD; Yaksh, TL, 2002)	0.85
"VAT is as safe as conventional thyroidectomy and is characterized by a less painful postoperative course and by better cosmetic results and postoperative outcome."	( Safety of video-assisted thyroidectomy versus conventional surgery. Bellantone, R; Fadda, G; Lombardi, CP; Lulli, P; Princi, P; Raffaelli, M; Rossi, ED, 2005)	0.33
"5 million adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for 8620 drugs/biologics that are listed for 1191 Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction (COSTAR) terms of adverse effects."	( Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling. Benz, RD; Contrera, JF; Kruhlak, NL; Matthews, EJ; Weaver, JL, 2004)	0.32
" Ketorolac was not associated with any adverse hematologic or renal effects."	( Safety of ketorolac in neonates and infants after cardiac surgery. Carberry, KE; Moffett, BS; Mott, AR; Wann, TI, 2006)	1.65
" Other adverse events were reported with similar frequency in all treatment groups and most were considered unrelated to treatment."	( The safety and analgesic efficacy of intranasal ketorolac in patients with postoperative pain. Bisley, EJ; Brown, CR; Bynum, L; Moodie, JE; Weber, HU, 2008)	0.6
"Intravenous ketorolac appears to be safe when used in infants less than six months of age with biventricular circulations following cardiothoracic surgery."	( Safety of intravenous use of ketorolac in infants following cardiothoracic surgery. Barclay, CA; Dawkins, TN; Gardiner, RL; Krawczeski, CD, 2009)	1.02
" No adverse events were noted in any of the ketorolac-stent groups."	( An in vivo porcine evaluation of the safety, bioavailability, and tissue penetration of a ketorolac drug-eluting ureteral stent designed to improve comfort. Chew, BH; Davoudi, H; Denstedt, JD; Li, J, 2010)	0.84
"The use of ketorolac-eluting ureteral stents has proven to be safe in a porcine model."	( An in vivo porcine evaluation of the safety, bioavailability, and tissue penetration of a ketorolac drug-eluting ureteral stent designed to improve comfort. Chew, BH; Davoudi, H; Denstedt, JD; Li, J, 2010)	0.97
" However, this group of drugs is associated with serious adverse drug reactions."	( Differential involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction, cytochrome P450 activity, and active transport in the toxicity of structurally related NSAIDs. Unlü, B; van Leeuwen, JS; Vermeulen, NP; Vos, JC, 2012)	0.38
"In this study, IVKT was a safe analgesic in the setting of primary ESS."	( The safety and efficacy of intravenous ketorolac in patients undergoing primary endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. Fargo, K; Moeller, C; Pappas, AL; Pawlowski, J; Welch, K, )	0.4
" The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was similar across groups."	( Analgesic efficacy and safety of a novel injectable formulation of diclofenac compared with intravenous ketorolac and placebo after orthopedic surgery: a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, multiple-dose trial. Carr, DB; Daniels, S; Hamilton, DA; Lang, E; Melson, T, 2013)	0.6
"HPβCD diclofenac is safe and efficacious for acute moderate and severe pain after orthopedic surgery and significantly spares morphine use."	( Analgesic efficacy and safety of a novel injectable formulation of diclofenac compared with intravenous ketorolac and placebo after orthopedic surgery: a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, multiple-dose trial. Carr, DB; Daniels, S; Hamilton, DA; Lang, E; Melson, T, 2013)	0.6
" Results of HET-CAM and ICE tests suggest that sulphacetamide is moderately toxic in the presence of light/UV-A and very slightly irritant without irradiation."	( Photochemical toxicity of drugs intended for ocular use. Kaithwas, G; Kishor, K; Sahu, RK; Saraf, SA; Singh, B, 2014)	0.4
"The objective was to determine whether sex and age are associated with short-term headache relief, sustained headache freedom, or adverse medication effects in data collected during 3 emergency department (ED)-based acute migraine comparative efficacy trials."	( Age But Not Sex Is Associated With Efficacy and Adverse Events Following Administration of Intravenous Migraine Medication: An Analysis of a Clinical Trial Database. Bijur, PE; Cisewski, DH; Friedman, BW; Gallagher, EJ; Holden, L, )	0.13
" In each of these studies, (1) short-term efficacy (patient description of the headache as "mild" or "none" 1 hour after medication administration); (2) sustained efficacy (patient description of the headache as "none" within 2 hours of medication administration and no headache recurrence for 24 hours post ED discharge); and (3) the frequency of any adverse medication effects within 24 hours of medication administration was determined."	( Age But Not Sex Is Associated With Efficacy and Adverse Events Following Administration of Intravenous Migraine Medication: An Analysis of a Clinical Trial Database. Bijur, PE; Cisewski, DH; Friedman, BW; Gallagher, EJ; Holden, L, )	0.13
" Age was associated with both efficacy and adverse events."	( Age But Not Sex Is Associated With Efficacy and Adverse Events Following Administration of Intravenous Migraine Medication: An Analysis of a Clinical Trial Database. Bijur, PE; Cisewski, DH; Friedman, BW; Gallagher, EJ; Holden, L, )	0.13
"In this retrospective analysis of 10,575 patients who used fentanyl-based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) after surgery, we evaluated difference between young and elderly patients on their characteristic of adverse effects."	( Postoperative Pain and Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia-Related Adverse Effects in Young and Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of 10,575 Patients. Choi, S; Han, DW; Kim, SY; Koh, JC; Lee, J, 2015)	0.42
"Many adverse drug reactions are caused by the cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent activation of drugs into reactive metabolites."	( Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships. Jones, LH; Nadanaciva, S; Rana, P; Will, Y, 2016)	0.43
"Based on the most up-to-date literature, ketorolac in normal doses has been demonstrated to be safe with respect to bone healing."	( Safety Considerations in the Use of Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain. Kodumudi, G; Lipana, L; Maslin, B; Roth, B; Vadivelu, N, 2017)	1
"Perioperative administration of ketorolac has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in healthy patients and is particularly beneficial as an opioid-sparing agent in vulnerable patient groups."	( Safety Considerations in the Use of Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain. Kodumudi, G; Lipana, L; Maslin, B; Roth, B; Vadivelu, N, 2017)	1.01
" In the same patient cohort the maximal total plasma concentration of ropivacaine was below the established toxic threshold for most patients."	( Local infiltration analgesia in knee and hip arthroplasty efficacy and safety. Affas, F, 2016)	0.43
" The plasma concentration of ropivacaine seems to be below toxic levels in most TKA patients."	( Local infiltration analgesia in knee and hip arthroplasty efficacy and safety. Affas, F, 2016)	0.43
" We found that gastrointestinal side effects were mainly reported with prolonged use, significant bleeding was reported in adenotonsillectomy, and adverse renal effects appeared to be limited to patients with specific coexisting risk factors."	( Narrative review shows that the short-term use of ketorolac is safe and effective in the management of moderate-to-severe pain in children. Amoroso, S; Barbi, E; Calligaris, L; Marzuillo, P, 2018)	0.73
"The short-term use of ketorolac appears to be safe for children in many situations."	( Narrative review shows that the short-term use of ketorolac is safe and effective in the management of moderate-to-severe pain in children. Amoroso, S; Barbi, E; Calligaris, L; Marzuillo, P, 2018)	1.05
" The primary outcome was the occurrence of any of the following adverse events within 30 days of the ED visit: gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial bleeding, acute decompensated heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, dialysis, transfusion, and death."	( Safety of parenteral ketorolac use for analgesia in geriatric emergency department patients. Anderson, GL; Bellolio, MF; Brown, CS; Cabrera, D; Mara, KC; Mattson, AE, 2020)	0.88
"The use of single doses of parenteral ketorolac for analgesia management was not associated with an increased incidence of adverse cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, or renal adverse outcomes in a select group of older adults."	( Safety of parenteral ketorolac use for analgesia in geriatric emergency department patients. Anderson, GL; Bellolio, MF; Brown, CS; Cabrera, D; Mara, KC; Mattson, AE, 2020)	1.15
"3% was safe for use in children and maintained mydriasis during cataract surgery."	( Safety and efficacy data supporting U.S. FDA approval of intracameral phenylephrine and ketorolac 1.0%/0.3% for pediatric cataract surgery: clinical safety and pupil and pain management. Plager, DA; Trivedi, RH; Wilson, ME, 2020)	0.78
" Adverse drug reactions may be renal, gastrointestinal, hematological, or immunologic."	( Efficacy and Safety of NSAIDs in Infants: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature of the Past 20 Years. Gorenflo, M; Saur, P; van den Anker, JN; van Dyk, M; Welzel, T; Ziesenitz, VC, 2022)	0.72
" The profile of adverse reactions was assessed by the dynamics of red blood counts, as a possible trigger for the development of gastrointestinal bleeding according to the method of global assessment of triggers (Global Trigger Tool GTT)."	( [Evaluation of the association of polymorphisms of the CYP2C8 gene with the efficacy and safety of ketorolac in patients with postoperative pain syndrome]. Abdullaev, SP; Blagovestnov, DA; Denisenko, NP; Epifanova, IP; Grishina, EA; Kachanova, AA; Muradian, AA; Petrov, DI; Skukin, DS; Sozaeva, ZA; Sychev, DA, 2022)	0.94
" Carriage of the genotype CYP2C83 (rs10509681) and CYP2C83 (rs10509681) does not affect the risk of developing adverse reactions after ketorolac anesthesia."	( [Evaluation of the association of polymorphisms of the CYP2C8 gene with the efficacy and safety of ketorolac in patients with postoperative pain syndrome]. Abdullaev, SP; Blagovestnov, DA; Denisenko, NP; Epifanova, IP; Grishina, EA; Kachanova, AA; Muradian, AA; Petrov, DI; Skukin, DS; Sozaeva, ZA; Sychev, DA, 2022)	1.14
"The prepared CS/Pl hydrogels demonstrated stimuli-controlled release with delivery of drug for prolonged period of time and thus can minimize dosing frequency, safe drug delivery, increased patient compliance and easiness."	( Fabrication of pH responsive hydrogel blends of chondroitin sulfate/pluronic F-127 for the controlled release of ketorolac: its characterization and acute oral toxicity study. Abdullah, Z; Afzal, S; Anjum, I; Badshah, SF; Barkat, K; Khalid, I; Khan, DH; Mehmood, Y; Naeem, S; Shabbir, M; Shamshad, N; Syed, MA, 2022)	0.93

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Ketorolac did not alter the pharmacodynamic profile of racemic warfarin."	( Investigations into the potential effects of multiple dose ketorolac on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of racemic warfarin. Aarons, L; Bullingham, R; Holt, BL; Mullins, FG; Rowland, M; Toon, S, 1990)	1.43
" The rate of absorption of K and formation of PHK, as determined by Cmax and Tmax values, was significantly slower following the im doses."	( Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac and p-hydroxyketorolac following oral and intramuscular administration of ketorolac tromethamine. Bynum, L; Jung, D; Ling, TL; Mroszczak, EJ; Sevelius, H; Wu, A, 1989)	0.6
" Pharmacokinetic data was available for 85 subjects."	( Population pharmacodynamic model for ketorolac analgesia. Mandema, JW; Stanski, DR, 1996)	0.57
"The pharmacokinetic data was best described by a two-compartment model with first-order absorption."	( Population pharmacodynamic model for ketorolac analgesia. Mandema, JW; Stanski, DR, 1996)	0.57
" Pharmacokinetic values were estimated by a nonlinear computer program."	( Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in children after abdominal surgery. González-Martin, G; González-Sotomayor, J; Maggio, L; Zuniga, S, 1997)	0.62
"5 mg/kg), and racemic KT (5 mg/kg) were administered orally to male Sprague-Dawley rats and plasma samples were collected for 6 h post-dose for pharmacokinetic assessments."	( Stereospecific pharmacokinetics and toxicodynamics of ketorolac after oral administration of the racemate and optically pure enantiomers to the rat. Aberg, G; Corrigan, BW; Davies, NM; Jamali, F; Lovlin, R, 1999)	0.55
" Plasma pharmacokinetic parameters for racemic drug and both enantiomers were determined for each patient."	( Enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ketorolac in children. Aravind, MK; Kauffman, RE; Lieh-Lai, MW; Uy, HG, 1999)	0.55
" Terminal half-life of S(-)-ketorolac was 40% that of the R(+) enantiomer, and the apparent volume of distribution of the S(-) enantiomer was greater than that of the R(+) form."	( Enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ketorolac in children. Aravind, MK; Kauffman, RE; Lieh-Lai, MW; Uy, HG, 1999)	0.84
" Because of the greater clearance and shorter half-life of S(-)-ketorolac, pharmacokinetic predictions based on racemic assays may overestimate the duration of pharmacologic effect."	( Enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ketorolac in children. Aravind, MK; Kauffman, RE; Lieh-Lai, MW; Uy, HG, 1999)	0.79
", its pharmacokinetic (PK) properties] and how these PK properties differ between individuals in a population (i."	( An evaluation of population D-optimal designs via pharmacokinetic simulations. Dodds, MG; Foracchia, M; Hooker, AC; Vicini, P, 2003)	0.32
" Determination of ketorolac in plasma was carried out by HPLC and estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters was performed by non-compartmental analysis."	( Ketorolac pharmacokinetics in experimental cirrhosis by bile duct ligation in the rat. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Muriel, P; Ordaz Gallo, M; Palma-Aguirre, A; Pérez-Urizar, J; Rivera-Espinosa, L, )	1.91
"Human pharmacokinetic parameters are often predicted prior to clinical study from in vivo preclinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure. Jolivette, LJ; Ward, KW, 2005)	0.33
" Pharmacokinetic profiles of intravenous ketorolac and its pentyl ester on an equal-molar basis in six rabbits were evaluated."	( Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac pentyl ester, a novel ester derivative of ketorolac, in rabbits. Cheng, KI; Chu, CC; Chu, KS; Shieh, JP; Su, WL; Tzeng, JI; Wang, JJ, 2005)	0.92
" The prodrug nepafenac had the shortest time to peak concentration and the greatest peak aqueous humor concentration (C(max))."	( In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro pharmacodynamics of nepafenac, amfenac, ketorolac, and bromfenac. Ernest, P; Gayton, J; Lehmann, R; Raizman, M; Walters, T, 2007)	0.57
" Pharmacokinetic parameters for both the stereoisomers were estimated by model-independent methods."	( Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in calves after a single intravenous and oral dose. Deshmukh, DD; Duran, SH; Nagilla, R; Ravis, WR, 2007)	0.61
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds. Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)	0.35
" Finally, this procedure was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study."	( Two-dimensional liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of ketorolac enantiomers and paracetamol in human plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study. Besson, M; Daali, Y; Dayer, P; Desmeules, JA; Ing-Lorenzini, KR; Veuthey, JL, 2009)	0.57
" The objective of this analysis was to construct a population pharmacokinetic model to describe ketorolac disposition in young children."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in neonates and young infants. Cohen, D; Davis, L; Mondick, JT; Zuppa, AF, )	0.64
" In a single dose study, its pharmacokinetic profile was compared with that of ketorolac."	( Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations. Abignente, E; Boatto, G; Calignano, A; Curcio, A; Gavini, E; La Rana, G; Melisi, D; Nieddu, M; Rimoli, MG; Russo, R; Sasso, O, 2009)	0.9
"Population pharmacodynamic experiments sometime involve repeated measurements of ordinal random variables at specific time points."	( Sample size/power calculations for repeated ordinal measurements in population pharmacodynamic experiments. Aarons, L; Ogungbenro, K, 2010)	0.36
" Despite the efficacy of ketorolac in young patients, there are minimal data to characterize the pharmacokinetic variables of ketorolac in infants younger than 6 months."	( Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous ketorolac in infants aged 2-11 months. Christians, U; Cohen, MN; Galinkin, J; Henthorn, T; Moll, V; Vu Tran, Z; Zuk, J, 2011)	0.93
" Pharmacokinetic analysis of individual subjects and population pharmacokinetic modeling was performed using SAAM II and PopKinetics, respectively (SAAM Institute, University of Washington)."	( Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous ketorolac in infants aged 2-11 months. Christians, U; Cohen, MN; Galinkin, J; Henthorn, T; Moll, V; Vu Tran, Z; Zuk, J, 2011)	0.63
"Characterization of pharmacokinetic parameters was possible in 14 subjects."	( Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous ketorolac in infants aged 2-11 months. Christians, U; Cohen, MN; Galinkin, J; Henthorn, T; Moll, V; Vu Tran, Z; Zuk, J, 2011)	0.63
"This is the first report of individualized pharmacokinetic parameters of ketorolac in children in which the majority of subjects were younger than 6 months old."	( Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous ketorolac in infants aged 2-11 months. Christians, U; Cohen, MN; Galinkin, J; Henthorn, T; Moll, V; Vu Tran, Z; Zuk, J, 2011)	0.86
" The relationship between the main pharmacokinetic parameters [viz."	( Intravenous prediction of human pharmacokinetic parameters for ketorolac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, using allometry approach. Gilibili, RR; Mullangi, R; Srinivas, NR, 2011)	0.61
" Further, the method was also successfully applied to a single-dose pharmacokinetic study in rats."	( Development and validation of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method for simultaneous determination of moxifloxacin and ketorolac in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study. Banerjee, SK; Borkar, RM; Padiya, R; Raju, B; Ramesh, M; Srinivas, R, 2012)	0.58
" The development of NSAIDs having safer therapeutic profile depends on the better understanding of their mechanisms, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties."	( Self-organizing molecular field analysis of NSAIDs: assessment of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties using 3D-QSPkR approach. Kumar, M; Sinha, VR; Thareja, S, 2012)	0.38
" This suggests that postpartum is another specific status in young women that merits focused, compound-specific pharmacokinetic evaluation."	( The impact of Caesarean delivery on paracetamol and ketorolac pharmacokinetics: a paired analysis. Allegaert, K; de Hoon, J; Devlieger, R; Kulo, A; Smits, A; van Calsteren, K; Verbesselt, R, 2012)	0.63
" The clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile of intravenous (IV) ketorolac tromethamine (0."	( Pharmacokinetics and perioperative efficacy of intravenous ketorolac in dogs. Beccaglia, M; Cagnardi, P; Carli, S; Fonda, D; Gallo, M; Ravasio, G; Villa, R; Zonca, A, 2013)	0.87
" After F3 administration to rats, the Cmax (2."	( Pharmacokinetics and analgesic effect of ketorolac floating delivery system. Abou El Ela, Ael S; El-Maraghy, DA; Hassan, MA; Radwan, MA, 2015)	0.68
"The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program on appropriate dosing of famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac."	( Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program. Crannage, AJ; Korobey, MJ; Meyenburg, LK; Murphy, JA, 2015)	0.61
"A large community teaching hospital implemented a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program for famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac."	( Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program. Crannage, AJ; Korobey, MJ; Meyenburg, LK; Murphy, JA, 2015)	0.62
"Implementation of a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program significantly improved appropriate dosing of famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac."	( Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program. Crannage, AJ; Korobey, MJ; Meyenburg, LK; Murphy, JA, 2015)	0.62
" Concentrations of ketorolac in serum were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography to establish pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in cats undergoing gonadectomy. Borghi, L; Cagnardi, P; Carli, S; Ferraresi, C; Ravasio, G; Villa, R; Zonca, A, 2015)	1.03
"To describe the effect of age and body size on enantiomer selective pharmacokinetic (PK) of intravenous ketorolac in children using a microanalytical assay."	( The enantioselective population pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in children using a stereoselective assay suitable for microanalysis. Cameron, GA; Engelhardt, T; Hawwa, AF; McLay, JS; Mohammed, BS, 2015)	0.87
" Finally, the simultaneous increase in CL and Vss resulted in similar estimates for elimination half-life in both unpaired and paired analysis."	( Enantiomer-specific ketorolac pharmacokinetics in young women, including pregnancy and postpartum period. Allegaert, K; De Hoon, J; Deprest, J; Kulo, A; Maleškić, S; Smits, A; Van Calsteren, K; Van de Velde, M; Verbesselt, R, 2017)	0.78
"The aim of this study was to review age- and weight-related effects on ketorolac pharmacokinetic parameters in children and current dosing schedules."	( The pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in children aged 2 months to 16 years: A population analysis. Anderson, BJ; Avram, MJ; Cameron, G; Christians, U; Cohen, MN; Dsida, RM; Engelhardt, T; Galinkin, JL; Hawwa, AF; Henthorn, TK; McLay, JS; Mohammed, BS, 2018)	0.99
" However, its safety, local tolerance, and potential for pharmacokinetic interaction have not been assessed."	( Pharmacokinetics and four-week repeated-dose toxicity of hyaluronic acid and ketorolac combination following intra-articular administration in normal rats. Ho, MJ; Kang, MJ; Kim, HT; Kim, JH; Kim, JM; Kim, SH; Park, KW; Song, SH, 2019)	0.74
" The objective of this study is to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of S (-) and R (+) enantiomers of ketorolac in adult patients undergoing total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA)."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Periarticular Ketorolac in Adult Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Total Knee Replacement Surgery. Bijoor, M; Gurunathan, U; Maguire, R; Parker, SL; Ramdath, D; Roberts, JA; Wallis, SC, 2019)	0.98

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"To examine the efficacy of intramuscular (IM) ketorolac used in combination with intravenous (IV) patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) morphine for postoperative pain relief following intra-abdominal gynecologic surgery."	( The efficacy of intramuscular ketorolac in combination with intravenous PCA morphine for postoperative pain relief. Brull, SJ; Ning, T; Paige, D; Sevarino, FB; Silverman, DG; Sinatra, RS, )	0.68
"Propacetamol and ketorolac, combined with patient-controlled analgesia morphine, show similar analgesic efficacy after gynecologic surgery."	( A double-blinded evaluation of propacetamol versus ketorolac in combination with patient-controlled analgesia morphine: analgesic efficacy and tolerability after gynecologic surgery. Agrò, F; Aloe, L; Ballabio, M; De Cillis, P; De Nicola, A; Giunta, F; Ischia, S; Marinangeli, F; Stefanini, S; Varrassi, G, 1999)	0.89
" This study was to compare the analgesic and side effects of intravenous ketorolac with that of intravenous fentanyl, in combination with midazolam in ESWL."	( Effects of intravenous ketorolac and fentanyl combined with midazolam on analgesia and side effects during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Cherng, CH; Ho, ST; Wong, CS; Yang, CP, 2002)	0.86
"Both intravenous ketorolac and fentanyl in combination with midazolam could provide good anesthesia for ESWL."	( Effects of intravenous ketorolac and fentanyl combined with midazolam on analgesia and side effects during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Cherng, CH; Ho, ST; Wong, CS; Yang, CP, 2002)	0.96
"Only a relatively short immediate analgesic benefit could be demonstrated by a combination of IINB with spinal anaesthesia compared with IINB combined with general anaesthesia."	( Analgesia and discharge following preincisional ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block combined with general or spinal anaesthesia for inguinal herniorrhaphy. Permi, J; Rosenberg, PH; Toivonen, J, 2004)	0.32
" We, therefore, investigated the analgesic effect of gabapentin, dexamethasone and low-dose ketamine in combination with paracetamol and ketorolac as compared with paracetamol and ketorolac alone after hip arthroplasty."	( Multimodal analgesia with gabapentin, ketamine and dexamethasone in combination with paracetamol and ketorolac after hip arthroplasty: a preliminary study. Christensen, BV; Dahl, JB; Dierking, G; Hilsted, KL; Larsen, TK; Mathiesen, O; Rasmussen, ML, 2010)	0.78
"Preoperative gabapentin, dexamethasone and ketamine combined with paracetamol and ketorolac reduced overall pain scores in patients after hip arthroplasty as compared with paracetamol and ketorolac alone."	( Multimodal analgesia with gabapentin, ketamine and dexamethasone in combination with paracetamol and ketorolac after hip arthroplasty: a preliminary study. Christensen, BV; Dahl, JB; Dierking, G; Hilsted, KL; Larsen, TK; Mathiesen, O; Rasmussen, ML, 2010)	0.8
"we compared the clinical efficacy and safety between a new injectable cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor, parecoxib, and an old nonselective, ketorolac combined with morphine in patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for management of post-cesarean delivery pain."	( Comparison of the efficacy of parecoxib versus ketorolac combined with morphine on patient-controlled analgesia for post-cesarean delivery pain management. Cheu, NW; Chuang, FH; Liao, CH; Tan, TD; Wang, YR; Watts, MP; Wong, JO, 2010)	0.82
" Morphine was basically used in PCA manner during the 3-day study course; and in Group K patients received an intravenous loading bolus of 30mg ketorolac post-operatively and then 90mg ketorolac combined with morphine in PCA fashion throughout the study course."	( Comparison of the efficacy of parecoxib versus ketorolac combined with morphine on patient-controlled analgesia for post-cesarean delivery pain management. Cheu, NW; Chuang, FH; Liao, CH; Tan, TD; Wang, YR; Watts, MP; Wong, JO, 2010)	0.82
" We performed a two-center, prospective, randomized, blinded trial comparing three doses of intrathecal morphine, combined with routine intravenous ketorolac, in 144 healthy women undergoing elective cesarean delivery."	( Dose-response of intrathecal morphine when administered with intravenous ketorolac for post-cesarean analgesia: a two-center, prospective, randomized, blinded trial. Alshaeri, T; Amdur, RL; Berger, JS; Gonzalez, A; Hopkins, A; Jeon, D; Smiley, R; Wang, S, 2016)	0.87
"To determine which non-narcotic analgesic, acetaminophen (Ofirmev®) or ketorolac (Toradol®), provides better post-operative pain control when combined with an opioid patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump."	( A prospective randomized trial of intravenous ketorolac vs. acetaminophen administered with opioid patient-controlled analgesia in gynecologic surgery. Ahmad, S; Bigsby, GE; Ghurani, GB; Holloway, RW; James, JA; Jeppson, CN; Kendrick, JE; Rakowski, JA, 2019)	1.01
"To investigate the efficacy and safety of whole-course application of dexmedetomidine combined with ketorolac in nonnarcotic postoperative analgesia and its effect on inflammatory response and immune function in thoracoscopic surgery of lung cancer."	( Whole-Course Application of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ketorolac in Nonnarcotic Postoperative Analgesia for Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial. Hou, QH; Lin, Y; Lu, XY; Lv, R; Miao, Z; Wang, J; Wen, QP; Wu, P; Zhou, FC, 2020)	1.02
"Whole-course application of dexmedetomidine combined with ketorolac in nonnarcotic postoperative analgesia provided adequate and safe postoperative analgesia, reduced sufentanil consumption, analgesia-related complications, alleviated inflammatory response, and immunosuppression compared with sufentanil-based analgesia in thoracoscopic surgery."	( Whole-Course Application of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ketorolac in Nonnarcotic Postoperative Analgesia for Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial. Hou, QH; Lin, Y; Lu, XY; Lv, R; Miao, Z; Wang, J; Wen, QP; Wu, P; Zhou, FC, 2020)	1.05
"To observe the effect of Ketorolac tromethamine combined with dezocine prior administration on hemodynamics and postoperative sedation in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair."	( Effect of ketorolac tromethamine combined with dezocine prior administration on hemodynamics and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair. Cai, Z; Fu, B; Kang, Y; Li, Y; Wang, J; Wu, Y, 2022)	1.43
"100 male patients aged 60 to 80 years old, a line to elective laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, were randomly divided into four groups: control group (Group A) and dezocine group (Group B), ketorolac tromethamine group (Group C), ketorolac tromethamine combined with dezocine group (Group D)."	( Effect of ketorolac tromethamine combined with dezocine prior administration on hemodynamics and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair. Cai, Z; Fu, B; Kang, Y; Li, Y; Wang, J; Wu, Y, 2022)	1.31

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The rate of absorption of K and formation of PHK, as determined by Cmax and Tmax values, was significantly slower following the im doses."	( Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac and p-hydroxyketorolac following oral and intramuscular administration of ketorolac tromethamine. Bynum, L; Jung, D; Ling, TL; Mroszczak, EJ; Sevelius, H; Wu, A, 1989)	0.6
" The systemic bioavailability of ketorolac acid from three transdermal formulations was evaluated in nine healthy subjects in a randomized three-way crossover fashion."	( Absorption of transdermally delivered ketorolac acid in humans. Combs, D; Manoukian, E; Roy, SD, 1995)	0.84
" The single-dose mean pharmacokinetic characteristics and relative bioavailability of the four different 10 mg ketorolac tromethamine tablets were evaluated in 12 healthy volunteers in a randomized study of Latin square design."	( In vivo/in vitro correlations for four differently dissolving ketorolac tablets. Chowhan, Z; Gordon, MS, 1996)	0.75
"To investigate the bioavailability (extent and rate of absorption) of ketorolac from two cutaneous absorption sources, active electrotransport and passive transdermal, and to examine the enantiomeric selectivity of bioavailability for each source."	( Passive versus electrotransport-facilitated transdermal absorption of ketorolac. Gupta, SK; Park, K; Sheiner, LB; Verotta, D, 1998)	0.77
"Based on a crossover study in 12 healthy volunteers, the extent and rate of absorption of ketorolac, delivered by a patch, were found by estimating the input rate function of the drug."	( Passive versus electrotransport-facilitated transdermal absorption of ketorolac. Gupta, SK; Park, K; Sheiner, LB; Verotta, D, 1998)	0.76
" bioavailability (F) = 100."	( Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac after intravenous and oral single dose administration in dogs. Burger, J; Conlon, P; Pasloske, K; Renaud, R, 1999)	0.63
"The analgesic efficacy and bioavailability of 30 mg intramuscular ketorolac was studied in 24 patients with severe or very severe postoperative pain."	( Analgesic efficacy and bioavailability of ketorolac in postoperative pain: a probability analysis. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Flores-Murrieta, FJ; González, C; Granados-Soto, V; Hong, E; Martínez, JL; Pérez-Urizar, J, )	0.63
"The quantitative structure-bioavailability relationship of 232 structurally diverse drugs was studied to evaluate the feasibility of constructing a predictive model for the human oral bioavailability of prospective new medicinal agents."	( QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability. Topliss, JG; Yoshida, F, 2000)	0.31
" These results suggest that solid dispersions of ketorolac with HPbeta-CyD aid in faster dissolution and better bioavailability of the drug."	( Solid dispersion of hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and ketorolac: enhancement of in-vitro dissolution rates, improvement in anti-inflammatory activity and reduction in ulcerogenicity in rats. Meshram, RN; Nagarsenker, MS; Ramprakash, G, 2000)	0.81
" Notwithstanding, oral ketorolac bioavailability was significantly altered in BDL rats."	( Ketorolac pharmacokinetics in experimental cirrhosis by bile duct ligation in the rat. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Muriel, P; Ordaz Gallo, M; Palma-Aguirre, A; Pérez-Urizar, J; Rivera-Espinosa, L, )	1.88
"Nepafenac showed significantly greater ocular bioavailability and amfenac demonstrated greater potency at COX-2 inhibition than ketorolac or bromfenac."	( In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro pharmacodynamics of nepafenac, amfenac, ketorolac, and bromfenac. Ernest, P; Gayton, J; Lehmann, R; Raizman, M; Walters, T, 2007)	0.77
" The average oral bioavailability was 86."	( Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in calves after a single intravenous and oral dose. Deshmukh, DD; Duran, SH; Nagilla, R; Ravis, WR, 2007)	0.61
" The average bioavailability was 133 +/- 23% for R-KT and S-KT, respectively."	( Enantiomeric disposition of ketorolac in goats following administration of a single intravenous and oral dose. Bell, EC; Copedge, KJ; Deshmukh, DD; Duran, SH; Martin, B; Miller, S; Nagilla, R; Ravis, WR, 2009)	0.65
"Oral bioavailability (F) is a product of fraction absorbed (Fa), fraction escaping gut-wall elimination (Fg), and fraction escaping hepatic elimination (Fh)."	( Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination. Chang, G; El-Kattan, A; Miller, HR; Obach, RS; Rotter, C; Steyn, SJ; Troutman, MD; Varma, MV, 2010)	0.36
"KT was successfully formulated as floating beads with prolonged in vitro release extended to a better in vivo characteristic with higher bioavailability in rats."	( Pharmacokinetics and analgesic effect of ketorolac floating delivery system. Abou El Ela, Ael S; El-Maraghy, DA; Hassan, MA; Radwan, MA, 2015)	0.68
" In this study, we formulate a Zolmitriptan (ZT) & ketorolac tromethamine (KT) loaded thermo reversible in-situ mucoadhesive intranasal gel (TMISG) formulation which gels at the nasal mucosal temperature and contains a bioadhesive polymer (Xyloglucan) that lengthens the residence time will enhance the bioavailability of the combinational drugs."	( Optimization of combinational intranasal drug delivery system for the management of migraine by using statistical design. Garg, T; Goyal, AK; Kumar, A; Rath, G; Sarma, GS, 2015)	0.67
" However, the conditions of simulated microgravity substantially alter the pharmacokinetics of ketorolac, increasing the rate of absorption of the drug and reduce its relative bioavailability and retention time in the blood plasma."	( [Influence of simulated microgravity on the threshold of pain sensitivity in humans with single dose of ketorolac]. Baranov, MV; Chernogorov, RV; Kovalev, AS; Perfilov, DF; Repenkova, LG, )	0.56
"The aim of this study was to investigate ketorolac (KT) systemic absolute bioavailability after sublingual (SL) administration in vivo to conscious rabbits."	( Sublingual spray drug delivery of ketorolac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Al-Ghananeem, AM; Alsmadi, M; Baltzley, S; Malkawi, AA, 2018)	1.03
"05) enhanced systemic absorption with 97% absolute bioavailability as compared to 70% after SL administration of KT solution."	( Sublingual spray drug delivery of ketorolac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Al-Ghananeem, AM; Alsmadi, M; Baltzley, S; Malkawi, AA, 2018)	0.76
" Formulation of KT as chitosan nanoparticles has increased its systemic bioavailability after SL spray administration."	( Sublingual spray drug delivery of ketorolac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Al-Ghananeem, AM; Alsmadi, M; Baltzley, S; Malkawi, AA, 2018)	0.76
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
" Thereby, the increase in the drug bioavailability and efficiency must come from the mucoadhesion optimization of the drug delivery system."	( Parametric Drug Release Optimization of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs by Gold Nanoparticles for Topically Applied Ocular Therapy. Boisselier, E; Loiseau, A; Maranda, C; Poliquin, A; Raiche-Marcoux, G, 2022)	0.72

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To describe the use of parenteral ketorolac in a large population of children, focusing on dosing patterns, efficacy, and safety."	( Clinical experience with ketorolac in children. Buck, ML, 1994)	0.87
"Indications for treatment, dose, dosing interval, use of a loading dose, length of therapy, efficacy (subjective response and use of concomitant therapy), and adverse effects (bleeding, gastrointestinal ulceration or vomiting, and renal dysfunction)."	( Clinical experience with ketorolac in children. Buck, ML, 1994)	0.59
" The time to first administration of rescue analgesic, up to 24 h following dosing with the study medication, was recorded."	( A comparison of intramuscular ketorolac and pethidine in the alleviation of renal colic. Arkell, DG; Fletcher, MS; Iacovou, JW; Kaisary, AV; Philip, NH; Sandhu, DP, 1994)	0.58
"The pressor response to noxious colorectal distention (80 mmHg, 20 s) was evaluated in 29 male Sprague-Dawley rats and dose-response curves were determined for intravenous morphine, ketorolac and the mixture of morphine and ketorolac."	( Ketorolac potentiates morphine antinociception during visceral nociception in the rat. Gebhart, GF; Maves, TJ; Meller, ST; Pechman, PS, 1994)	1.92
" Finally, since ketorolac is excreted almost entirely by the kidney, either elderly patients or patients with underlying renal insufficiency must have an adjustment of the dosing interval, or this medication should be avoided in such patients altogether."	( NSAID nephrotoxicity revisited: acute renal failure due to parenteral ketorolac. Buller, GK; Perazella, MA, 1993)	0.87
" The pharmacist's concurrent interventions improved prescribing for correct dosage and facilitated discontinuation of the agent in high-risk patients."	( Ketorolac injection use in a university hospital. Krstenansky, PM, 1993)	1.73
"We identified five reports that specifically addressed intravenous dosing of ketorolac."	( Pain management with intravenous ketorolac. Kramer, MA; Miller, LJ, 1993)	0.8
"Propofol infusion and supplemental fentanyl dosage requirements, oxygen saturation values, respiratory rates, recovery times, and postoperative side effects were recorded."	( Use of analgesics during propofol sedation: a comparison of ketorolac, dezocine, and fentanyl. Ramirez-Ruiz, M; Smith, I; White, PF, 1995)	0.53
" Topical dosing led to relatively low aqueous and undetectable vitreous levels."	( Intraocular penetration of periocular ketorolac and efficacy in experimental uveitis. Fiscella, RG; Rabiah, PK; Tessler, HH, 1996)	0.57
"To determine the incidence of side effects with the short-term use of intravenously administered ketorolac in children and the overall cost savings with a unit dosing system."	( Safety of intravenous ketorolac therapy in children and cost savings with a unit dosing system. Berde, CB; Houck, CS; McDermott, JS; Sethna, NF; Wilder, RT, 1996)	0.83
" The relative bioavailabilities of ketorolac in the GCF after dosing with the dentifrice formulations with respect to the rinse were 89."	( Evaluation of ketorolac concentrations in plasma and gingival crevicular fluid following topical treatment with oral rinses and dentifrices. Bapat, NV; Buchanan, W; Collins, JG; Dobrozsi, DJ; Doyle, MJ; Eichhold, TH; Kelm, GR; Mankodi, SM; Meredith, MP; Offenbacher, S; Wehmeyer, KR, 1996)	0.93
" The incidence of serious or fatal adverse events reported with ketorolac has decreased since revision of dosage guidelines."	( Ketorolac. A reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in pain management. Brogden, RN; Gillis, JC, 1997)	1.98
" These pharmacokinetic differences indicate that a higher relative dosage is required in children, but the dosage interval is similar in children and adults."	( Ketorolac for postoperative pain management in children. Forrest, JB; Heitlinger, EL; Revell, S, 1997)	1.74
"96) or a dose-response relationship (P = ."	( Lack of hepatotoxic effects of parenteral ketorolac in the hospital setting. Berlin, JA; Carson, JL; Farrar, J; Feldman, HI; Harb, G; Hennessy, S; Kimmel, SE; Kinman, JL; Strom, BL, 1997)	0.56
" Footpad PG levels returned to base line or below within 5 min of dosing with ketorolac, which suggests rapid turnover of PG in the inflamed tissue."	( Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 rapidly reverses inflammatory hyperalgesia and prostaglandin E2 production. Isakson, PC; Portanova, J; Seibert, K; Shaffer, A; Zhang, Y, 1997)	0.53
" However, smaller doses provided less effective pain relief, and a linear dose-response relationship was demonstrated."	( The dose-response relationship of ketorolac as a component of intravenous regional anesthesia with lidocaine. Gardner, G; Reuben, SS; Steinberg, RB, 1998)	0.58
" Groups of six rats received either vehicle or analgesic drug and antinociception was evaluated by evaluating the dose-response curves over time."	( Antinociceptive effects of S(+)-ketoprofen and other analgesic drugs in a rat model of pain induced by uric acid. Cabré, F; Díaz, I; Fernández-Guasti, A; López-Muñoz, FJ; Mauleón, D; Tost, D; Ventura, R, 1998)	0.3
" Adequate stable anesthesia was achieved in reduced dosage of conventional anesthesiological agents."	( [Use of nonopiate agents for anesthesia in ENT patients at high surgical-anesthesiological risk]. Akopian, RG; Daĭkhes, NA; Davudov, KhSh; Gur'ianov, VA; Kokliaeva, NV; Kuĭian, SM; Nazhmudinov, II; Pogosov, VS; Riazanov, VB; Tiukov, VL, 1998)	0.3
" The incidence of serious adverse events has declined since dosage guidelines were revised."	( Minimising the adverse effects of ketorolac. Reinhart, DI, 2000)	0.59
"The demographic features, hernia types, anaesthetic time, dosage of anaesthetic medication and operative details of the two groups were comparable."	( Prospective randomized trial of pre-emptive analgesics following ambulatory inguinal hernia repair: intravenous ketorolac versus diclofenac suppository. Goh, LC; Lau, H; Lee, F; Patil, NG; Wong, C, 2002)	0.53
" In this single-center, 7-day, prospective, double-blind, single-dose, crossover, parallel-group study, subjects were randomized to be bilaterally dosed with pemirolast, cromolyn, or ketorolac at each of 3 visits."	( A combined analysis of two studies assessing the ocular comfort of antiallergy ophthalmic agents. Amdahl, L; Graves, A; Shulman, DG; Washington, C, 2003)	0.51
" Rats were anesthetized, then the electromyographic response in the rectus abdominus muscle and mean arterial blood pressure change to UCD was recorded before and with cumulative dosing of intravenous or intrathecal ketorolac."	( Systemic, but not intrathecal ketorolac is antinociceptive to uterine cervical distension in rats. Eisenach, JC; Sandner-Kiesling, A; Shin, SW, 2003)	0.79
" as an initial dosing option for postoperative pain management in countries in which it is approved."	( The analgesic efficacy of intramuscular parecoxib sodium in postoperative dental pain. Daniels, S; Desjardins, PJ; Hubbard, RC; Mehlisch, DR, 2004)	0.32
" Patients' demographic, surgical, and dosing data were collected."	( Safety of ketorolac in neonates and infants after cardiac surgery. Carberry, KE; Moffett, BS; Mott, AR; Wann, TI, 2006)	0.74
"Ketorolac is a potent analgesic drug that has been restricted in dosage and use because of its potential adverse effects."	( Report of an anaphylactoid and an anaphylactic reaction to ketorolac in two pediatric surgical patients. Castillo-Peralta, LA; Castillo-Zamora, C; Nava-Ocampo, AA, 2006)	2.02
" The MQS score accounted for variations in the types of analgesic medications, routes of administration, dosing schedules, and opioid dosing requirements."	( Quantification of analgesic use in children with sickle cell disease. Beyer, JE; Jacob, E; Miaskowski, C; Savedra, M; Styles, L; Treadwell, M, 2007)	0.34
" Further studies of dosage (high/low) and duration of intraarticular treatment are warranted."	( Reduced hospital stay and narcotic consumption, and improved mobilization with local and intraarticular infiltration after hip arthroplasty: a randomized clinical trial of an intraarticular technique versus epidural infusion in 80 patients. Andersen, KV; Haraldsted, V; Pfeiffer-Jensen, M; Søballe, K, 2007)	0.34
"09% 6 hours and 12 hours preoperatively consistent with on-label dosing schedules."	( Comparison of ketorolac 0.4% and bromfenac 0.09% at trough dosing: aqueous drug absorption and prostaglandin E2 levels. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2008)	0.71
" The mean aqueous concentration of ketorolac and bromfenac at trough dosing was 130."	( Comparison of ketorolac 0.4% and bromfenac 0.09% at trough dosing: aqueous drug absorption and prostaglandin E2 levels. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2008)	0.98
" The longer half-lives and high apparent bioavailability after oral dosing are suggestive of a slow absorption process in the gastrointestinal tract and recycling."	( Enantiomeric disposition of ketorolac in goats following administration of a single intravenous and oral dose. Bell, EC; Copedge, KJ; Deshmukh, DD; Duran, SH; Martin, B; Miller, S; Nagilla, R; Ravis, WR, 2009)	0.65
"IN ketorolac was well tolerated and effective in treating moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in inpatients; the convenience of IN dosing suggests that its usefulness in the ambulatory care setting should be evaluated."	( Intranasal ketorolac for postoperative pain: a phase 3, double-blind, randomized study. Bisley, E; Brown, C; Bynum, L; Moodie, J, 2009)	1.36
" Use of a forearm tourniquet allows the dosage of local anesthetic to be decreased to almost half of what is required with an upper arm tourniquet, and the incidence of tourniquet pain has been reported to be less with forearm tourniquet."	( Forearm IVRA, using 0.5% lidocaine in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg with ketorolac 0.15 mg/kg for hand and wrist surgeries. Bhadoria, P; Bhagwat, A; Kohli, A; Singh, R, 2010)	0.6
" Efficacy assessments included pain intensity, which was measured on a 0- to 100-mm visual analog scale, total pain relief, and global pain evaluation up to 8 hours after dosing or until patients required rescue analgesia."	( Intranasal ketorolac for pain secondary to third molar impaction surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Grant, GM; Mehlisch, DR, 2010)	0.75
"a Continuous infusion of ketorolac provided effective analgesia after operation in children who underwent ureteroneocystostomy as well as a low dosage of fentanyl."	( Ketorolac or fentanyl continuous infusion for post-operative analgesia in children undergoing ureteroneocystostomy. Choi, EK; Hong, JY; Jo, YY; Kil, HK, 2011)	2.12
" Pain levels were also recorded at 15 and 30 minutes after the initial IN dosing (before endodontic treatment); 30 minutes after completion of endodontic treatment; and 4, 8, and 12 hours after the initial IN spray."	( Sniffing out endodontic pain: use of an intranasal analgesic in a randomized clinical trial. Bowles, WR; Eggleston, GW; Johnson, N; Lunos, S; Turner, CL; Wiedmann, TS, 2011)	0.37
" None of the treatments significantly affected the central models of pain at this dosage level."	( A randomized, controlled trial validates a peripheral supra-additive antihyperalgesic effect of a paracetamol-ketorolac combination. Besson, M; Daali, Y; Dayer, P; Desmeules, J; Ing Lorenzini, K; Salomon, D, 2011)	0.58
" We proposed a systematic classification scheme using FDA-approved drug labeling to assess the DILI potential of drugs, which yielded a benchmark dataset with 287 drugs representing a wide range of therapeutic categories and daily dosage amounts."	( FDA-approved drug labeling for the study of drug-induced liver injury. Chen, M; Fang, H; Liu, Z; Shi, Q; Tong, W; Vijay, V, 2011)	0.37
" Effects of ketorolac dose were evaluated by pooling studies into 30- and 60-mg dosage groups."	( Perioperative single dose ketorolac to prevent postoperative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Agarwal, D; Benzon, HT; De Oliveira, GS, 2012)	1.06
" On-label dosing of ketorolac (BID), bromfenac (BID), and nepafenac (TID) was instructed for 1 day prior to surgery."	( A randomized comparison of to-aqueous penetration of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09% and nepafenac 0.1% in cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.94
"The objective of this investigation was to prepare mucoadhesive microspheres of ketorolac for nasal delivery to avoid gastrointestinal side effects of conventional dosage form."	( Preparation and characterization of spray-dried mucoadhesive microspheres of ketorolac for nasal administration. Chotai, NP; Nagda, CD; Nagda, DC; Patel, SB; Patel, UL, 2012)	0.83
"1% at peak dosing levels in patients previously scheduled to undergo phacoemulsification."	( Prostaglandin E2 inhibition of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09%, and nepafenac 0.1% in patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.66
" Patients were instructed to take the NSAID per on-label dosing (twice daily [b."	( Prostaglandin E2 inhibition of ketorolac 0.45%, bromfenac 0.09%, and nepafenac 0.1% in patients undergoing phacoemulsification. Bucci, FA; Waterbury, LD, 2011)	0.66
"1% and dosed 4 times a day starting 1 day before surgery and continuing for 4 weeks."	( Prophylactic nepafenac and ketorolac versus placebo in preventing postoperative macular edema after uneventful phacoemulsification. Almeida, DR; Bakar, SN; El-Defrawy, SR; Khan, Z; Rahim, K; Urton, T; Xing, L, 2012)	0.68
" At present, information regarding epidural hematoma in the setting of a TID SC UFH dosing regimen does not exist in the literature."	( Three-times-daily subcutaneous unfractionated heparin and neuraxial anesthesia: a retrospective review of 928 cases. Bankhead, BR; Davis, JJ; Eckman, EJ; Strunk, J; Wallace, A, )	0.13
" These results suggest that administration of NSAIDs into surgical wounds may be an analgesic alternative to higher systemic dosing of NSAIDs."	( Postoperative subcutaneous instillation of low-dose ketorolac but not hydromorphone reduces wound exudate concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 and improves analgesia following cesarean delivery. Angst, MS; Carvalho, B; Lemmens, HJ; Ting, V, 2013)	0.64
"A novel injectable formulation of diclofenac, Dyloject, utilizes hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as a solubilizing agent, allowing dosing as a small-volume intravenous bolus for postoperative pain."	( Analgesic efficacy and safety of a novel injectable formulation of diclofenac compared with intravenous ketorolac and placebo after orthopedic surgery: a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, multiple-dose trial. Carr, DB; Daniels, S; Hamilton, DA; Lang, E; Melson, T, 2013)	0.6
" In experiment 1, the blastocyst-forming rates per in vivo fertilized two-cell embryo showed an inverse relationship with a dosage of ketorolac (97."	( Impact of ketorolac administration around ovarian stimulation on in vivo and in vitro fertilization and subsequent embryo development. Jee, BC; Kim, JH; Kim, SH; Lee, JH; Suh, CS; Youm, HW, 2013)	1
" In conclusion, ketorolac can be used in specific pediatric patients after cardiac surgery with minimal risk of bleeding or renal dysfunction with appropriate dosing and duration of use."	( Ketorolac as an analgesic agent for infants and children after cardiac surgery: safety profile and appropriate patient selection. Jalkut, MK, )	1.92
"Transurothelial drug delivery continues to be an attractive treatment option for a range of urological conditions; however, dosing regimens remain largely empirical."	( An ex vivo investigation into the transurothelial permeability and bladder wall distribution of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory ketorolac. Al-Jayyoussi, G; Allender, CJ; Bowen, JL; Gumbleton, M; Harrah, T; Joshi, HB; Li, J; Raja, A; Williams, NA, 2014)	0.61
" The formulation with the highest drug loading, entrapment efficiency, swelling, buoyancy, and in vitro release would be selected for further in vivo analgesic effect in the mice and pharmacokinetics study in rats compared to the tablet dosage form."	( Pharmacokinetics and analgesic effect of ketorolac floating delivery system. Abou El Ela, Ael S; El-Maraghy, DA; Hassan, MA; Radwan, MA, 2015)	0.68
" Following implant surgery, postoperative pain was rated moderate or severe in 25/28 patients (89 percent), requiring prn analgesic dosing for up to 3 days in 14/25 individuals (56 percent)."	( Characterization and treatment of postsurgical dental implant pain employing intranasal ketorolac. Bockow, R; Bodner, L; Hersh, EV; Hutcheson, M; Korostoff, J; Pinto, A; Secreto, SA, 2013)	0.61
" Our objective was to evaluate the impact of CPOE implementation on analgesic prescribing and dosing practices for renal colic presentations."	( Computerized physician order entry and decision support improves ED analgesic ordering for renal colic. Lang, E; Lonergan, K; McRae, A; Netherton, SJ; Wang, D, 2014)	0.4
"The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program on appropriate dosing of famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac."	( Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program. Crannage, AJ; Korobey, MJ; Meyenburg, LK; Murphy, JA, 2015)	0.61
"A large community teaching hospital implemented a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program for famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac."	( Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program. Crannage, AJ; Korobey, MJ; Meyenburg, LK; Murphy, JA, 2015)	0.62
" In all, 66% of patients were dosed appropriately in the preimplementation group (famotidine 28%, enoxaparin 85%, and ketorolac 86%) compared to 94% in the postimplementation group (famotidine 92%, enoxaparin 95%, and ketorolac 94%), P < ."	( Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program. Crannage, AJ; Korobey, MJ; Meyenburg, LK; Murphy, JA, 2015)	0.63
"Implementation of a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program significantly improved appropriate dosing of famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac."	( Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program. Crannage, AJ; Korobey, MJ; Meyenburg, LK; Murphy, JA, 2015)	0.62
" From the second to the fifth day of treatment, if patient had VAS >40 mm, increased dosage to four times per day was allowed."	( Double-blind, randomized, double-dummy clinical trial comparing the efficacy of ketorolac trometamol and naproxen for acute low back pain. Amazonas, RB; Bocchi de Oliveira, MF; Ecclissato, Cda C; Plapler, PG; Scheinberg, MA, 2016)	0.66
"The dose-response relationship of intrathecal morphine for multimodal post-cesarean analgesia suggests that 50μg produces analgesia similar to that produced by either 100μg or 150μg."	( Dose-response of intrathecal morphine when administered with intravenous ketorolac for post-cesarean analgesia: a two-center, prospective, randomized, blinded trial. Alshaeri, T; Amdur, RL; Berger, JS; Gonzalez, A; Hopkins, A; Jeon, D; Smiley, R; Wang, S, 2016)	0.67
" Fentanyl and ketorolac dose-response relationships were evaluated for selected outcome variables."	( Intramuscular Fentanyl and Ketorolac Associated with Superior Pain Control After Pediatric Bilateral Myringotomy and Tube Placement Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Cook-Sather, SD; Jantzen, EC; Jawad, AF; Li, Y; Long, AS; Muhly, WT; Polansky, M; Stricker, PA, 2017)	1.11
"Pain was not better controlled with the addition of continuous infusions of morphine and midazolam when compared with intermittent dosing only."	( Intermittent Versus Continuous and Intermittent Medications for Pain and Sedation After Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery; A Randomized Controlled Trial. Brady, CM; Lefaiver, CA; Penk, JS; Steffensen, CM; Wittmayer, K, 2018)	0.48
" The analysis in dosage form (eye drops) was a stability indicating one at which drugs were separated from possible degradation products arising from different stress conditions (in vitro analysis)."	( Stability indicating HPLC-DAD method for analysis of Ketorolac binary and ternary mixtures in eye drops: Quantitative analysis in rabbit aqueous humor. El Yazbi, FA; Hamdy, MMA; Hassan, EM; Khamis, EF; Ragab, MAA, 2017)	0.7
"Concentrations of ketorolac when administered by the intracameral route in the dosing solution in dogs were found to be considerably higher in both aqueous and vitreous compared to what is achieved with topical dosing in patients."	( Alternative Drug Delivery for Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery as Demonstrated in a Canine Model. Waterbury, LD, )	0.47
"The aim of this study was to review age- and weight-related effects on ketorolac pharmacokinetic parameters in children and current dosing schedules."	( The pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in children aged 2 months to 16 years: A population analysis. Anderson, BJ; Avram, MJ; Cameron, G; Christians, U; Cohen, MN; Dsida, RM; Engelhardt, T; Galinkin, JL; Hawwa, AF; Henthorn, TK; McLay, JS; Mohammed, BS, 2018)	0.99
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of postoperative ketorolac administration (ie, dosage and duration of use) on pseudarthrosis following thoracolumbar posterolateral spinal fusions."	( The Effect of Ketorolac on Thoracolumbar Posterolateral Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ajiboye, RM; Drysch, A; Li, J; Orden, MH; Pourtaheri, S; Sharma, A, 2018)	1.08
"We evaluated postoperative pain control and narcotic usage after thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the distal radius in patients given opiates with or without other non-opiate medication using a specific dosing regimen."	( Multi-Modal Pain Control in Ambulatory Hand Surgery. Awan, HM; DiMeo, T; Harrison, RK; Klinefelter, RD; Ruff, ME, 2018)	0.48
" There was considerable heterogeneity among study designs, including the comparator arms (placebo, opioid, another NSAID, or a different regimen of ketorolac), dosing regimens (routes and timing of administration, single versus multiple dose), outcome assessment methods, and types of surgery."	( Ketorolac for postoperative pain in children. Cooper, TE; McNicol, ED; Rowe, E, 2018)	2.12
" A secondary analysis assessed a dose-response association with anastomotic leak."	( Ketorolac Use and Anastomotic Leak in Elective Colorectal Surgery: A Detailed Analysis. Ford, MM; Geiger, TM; Hawkins, AT; Hopkins, MB; King, AB; Martin, BJ; McEvoy, MD; Muldoon, RL; Wanderer, JP, 2018)	1.92
"It's time to review our dosing with ketorolac for acute pain management."	( Less is more when it comes to ketorolac for pain. Claus, LW; Lyon, C, )	0.69
" Physicochemical properties, such as moisture, mucoadhesion, thickness, tensile strength, disintegration in phosphate buffer were determined in obtained samples of this dosage form."	( Development of Composition and Technologies of Dental Film with Ketorolac Trometamine. Anurova, MN; Bakhrushina, EO; Demina, NB; Kashperko, AS; Krasnyuk, II; Vakina, MG; Zhilyakova, ET, 2021)	0.86
"Patients receiving Lidocaine - Ketorolac combination dosage had significantly lower VAS scores, and these results confirm that local injection of Lidocaine - Ketorolac combination had a superior pain-controlling effect during the first 24 hours after the biopsy procedure in comparison to Lidocaine injection alone, as measured by VAS score scale."	( Ketorolac plus Lidocaine vs Lidocaine for pain relief following core needle soft tissue biopsy: A CONSORT-compliant double-blind randomized controlled study. Chobpenthai, T; Ingviya, T; Jaiwithee, R; Sutthivaiyakit, K; Thanindratarn, P, 2021)	2.35
"In our study, PAI in the shoulder after mini-open rotator cuff repair showed effective pain control on the day of the surgery, postponed the time of the first dosage of intravenous pain medication, and reduced the total dosage of the intravenous pain medication."	( The efficacy of periarticular injection intraoperatively for mini-open rotator cuff repair: A comparative study. Chang, MC; Chen, WM; Huang, CC; Huang, TF; Ma, HH, 2021)	0.62
" Because of difficulty in accurately dosing indomethacin suppositories in pediatric patients, our center has used intravenous ketorolac for PEP prevention and present data on its safety and associated PEP rates."	( Ketorolac Is Safe and Associated With Lower Rate of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis in Children With Pancreatic Duct Manipulation. Kramer, RE; Mark, JA, 2021)	2.27
" Immediately after surgery, administration of IVK resulted in statistically significant reduction in pain score regardless of the timing of dosing as compared with control patients (prior = 2."	( Effect of Timing of Intravenous Ketorolac Administration on Pain in Orbitotomy Surgery. Lee, KW; Tram, J; Wladis, EJ, )	0.41
" The combination of additives and dosage are various and controversial."	( Efficacy of Periarticular Multimodal Analgesic Injection Containing High-Dose Ketorolac versus Triamcinolone in Early Postoperative Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Apinyankul, R; Goodman, SB; Lilakhunakon, K; Vechvitvarakul, M; Witayakom, W, 2022)	0.95
" Operation time, awakening time (time from drug withdrawal to consciousness recovery), the dosage of propofol, sufentanil, remifentanil, and intraoperative vasoactive drug dosage were recorded to compare."	( Effect of ketorolac tromethamine combined with dezocine prior administration on hemodynamics and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair. Cai, Z; Fu, B; Kang, Y; Li, Y; Wang, J; Wu, Y, 2022)	1.12
"The prepared CS/Pl hydrogels demonstrated stimuli-controlled release with delivery of drug for prolonged period of time and thus can minimize dosing frequency, safe drug delivery, increased patient compliance and easiness."	( Fabrication of pH responsive hydrogel blends of chondroitin sulfate/pluronic F-127 for the controlled release of ketorolac: its characterization and acute oral toxicity study. Abdullah, Z; Afzal, S; Anjum, I; Badshah, SF; Barkat, K; Khalid, I; Khan, DH; Mehmood, Y; Naeem, S; Shabbir, M; Shamshad, N; Syed, MA, 2022)	0.93
"In this prospective cohort study with comparisons to a historical control group, 24 patients were prospectively enrolled to receive an intraosseous infusion of morphine and ketorolac dosed according to age-based protocols while undergoing total knee arthroplasty."	( A multimodal intraosseous infusion of morphine and ketorolac decreases early postoperative pain and opioid consumption following total knee arthroplasty. Clyburn, TA; Incavo, SJ; Lambert, BS; Laurita, J; McNamara, CA; Park, KJ; Sullivan, TC, 2023)	1.36
"Our multimodal intraosseous infusion of morphine and ketorolac dosed according to age-based protocols improved immediate postoperative pain levels and reduced opioid consumption in the immediate postoperative period for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty."	( A multimodal intraosseous infusion of morphine and ketorolac decreases early postoperative pain and opioid consumption following total knee arthroplasty. Clyburn, TA; Incavo, SJ; Lambert, BS; Laurita, J; McNamara, CA; Park, KJ; Sullivan, TC, 2023)	1.41
"Previous evaluations of medication dosing variance for children in the prehospital setting have been limited regionally or to specific conditions."	( Deviation From National Dosing Recommendations for Children Having Out-of-Hospital Emergencies. Martin-Gill, C; Ramgopal, S, 2023)	0.91
" We investigated dosing deviations (defined as being ≥20% of the weight-appropriate dose from national guidelines) for the following: lorazepam, diazepam, and midazolam for seizures; fentanyl, hydromorphone, morphine, and ketorolac; intramuscular epinephrine and diphenhydramine for children with allergy or anaphylaxis; intravenous epinephrine; and methylprednisolone."	( Deviation From National Dosing Recommendations for Children Having Out-of-Hospital Emergencies. Martin-Gill, C; Ramgopal, S, 2023)	1.1
" Appropriate dosing was most common with methylprednisolone (75."	( Deviation From National Dosing Recommendations for Children Having Out-of-Hospital Emergencies. Martin-Gill, C; Ramgopal, S, 2023)	0.91
"We identified variance in weight-based dosing from national guidelines for common pediatric medications in the prehospital setting, which may be attributable to protocol differences or dosing errors."	( Deviation From National Dosing Recommendations for Children Having Out-of-Hospital Emergencies. Martin-Gill, C; Ramgopal, S, 2023)	0.91

Role	Description
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor	A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 2.
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor	A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 1.
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	An anti-inflammatory drug that is not a steroid. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins.
analgesic	An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
racemate	A racemate is an equimolar mixture of a pair of enantiomers.
pyrrolizines
monocarboxylic acid	An oxoacid containing a single carboxy group.
aromatic ketone	A ketone in which the carbonyl group is attached to an aromatic ring.
amino acid	A carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Ketorolac Action Pathway	29	67

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Luciferase	Photinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)	Potency	11.4239	0.0072	15.7588	89.3584	AID624030
thioredoxin reductase	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	26.6795	0.1000	20.8793	79.4328	AID488772; AID588456
EWS/FLI fusion protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	4.4587	0.0013	10.1577	42.8575	AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	19.9526	0.0355	20.9770	89.1251	AID504332
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	10.3225	0.0126	2.4518	25.0177	AID485313
chromobox protein homolog 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	89.1251	0.0060	26.1688	89.1251	AID488953
ras-related protein Rab-9A	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.6626	0.0002	2.6215	31.4954	AID485297
Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	7.9433	0.0119	12.2221	68.7989	AID588378
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	65.3000	0.0150	1.2487	6.9200	AID407366; AID407369
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	9.4000	0.3000	5.4814	9.4000	AID1801103
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0130	0.0002	1.5574	10.0000	AID625243
Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	4.6420	0.0020	1.7013	8.8000	AID1802657
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.2820	0.0001	0.9950	10.0000	AID1435604; AID625244
Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	4.6420	0.0002	1.1979	8.8000	AID1802657
Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	4.6420	0.3000	2.2641	8.8000	AID1802657
Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	4.6420	0.3000	2.2358	8.8000	AID1802657
Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	4.6420	0.3000	2.2641	8.8000	AID1802657
Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	2.0000	2.0000	5.5000	9.0000	AID1435610
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	2.0000	2.0000	4.5333	7.0000	AID1435610
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	36.0000	0.0002	0.3001	2.5000	AID1435603
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	56.7000	0.3600	3.3175	7.2000	AID1801104
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cellular response to starvation	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarization	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to calcium ion starvation	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxification	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
transport	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic process	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid transport	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
intestinal lipid absorption	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid transport	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressure	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cyclooxygenase pathway	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxification	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to organic substance	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
osmosensory signaling pathway	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein autoprocessing	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-18 production	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to bacterium	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid biosynthetic process	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory response	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein maturation	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
pyroptosis	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to type II interferon	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine precursor processing	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor ligand precursor processing	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
AIM2 inflammasome complex assembly	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
learning	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
memory	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressure	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nematode	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to fructose	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to manganese ion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cyclooxygenase pathway	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
bone mineralization	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fever generation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic plasticity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiol	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin D	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to heat	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to tumor necrosis factor	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of blood-brain barrier	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
hair cycle	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cycle	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstriction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
decidualization	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
brown fat cell differentiation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoid	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transport	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to fatty acid	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lead ion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ATP	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fluid shear stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxification	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuroinflammatory response	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to homocysteine	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to angiotensin	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
luteolysis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxia	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell homeostasis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cytokine production	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
axonal fasciculation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
heart development	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of sound	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
learning or memory	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to UV	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to wounding	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucose	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of macroautophagy	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein processing	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
hippocampus development	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein catabolic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
erythrocyte differentiation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet formation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of B cell proliferation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein stability	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to cobalt ion	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiol	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to tumor necrosis factor	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nicotine	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to hydrogen peroxide	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell homeostasis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to amino acid	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell fate commitment	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cycle	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
striated muscle cell differentiation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoid	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein maturation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
anterior neural tube closure	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
pyroptosis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
leukocyte apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to staurosporine	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic signaling pathway	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
execution phase of apoptosis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of pyroptosis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
keratinocyte differentiation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron differentiation	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein autoprocessing	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to bacterium	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory response	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein maturation	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
pyroptosis	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
non-canonical inflammasome complex assembly	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amyloid-beta	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
substantia nigra development	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
protein maturation	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory response	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxia	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
kidney development	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
protein processing	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet formation	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
response to cobalt ion	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiol	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damage	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
protein maturation	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
leukocyte apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
sprouting angiogenesis	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac conduction system development	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytosis, engulfment	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament organization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi organization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic nuclear division	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear migration	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathway	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of lamellipodium assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
substantia nigra development	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
macrophage differentiation	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell growth	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of pseudopodium assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytokinesis	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cell junction assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
adherens junction organization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic heart tube development	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell migration	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
neuropilin signaling pathway	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
modulation by host of viral process	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replication	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JNK cascade	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
filopodium assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of pinocytosis	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron fate determination	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of filopodium assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of filopodium assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of stress fiber assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assembly	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of Golgi localization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synapse structural plasticity	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
heart contraction	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
submandibular salivary gland formation	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine morphogenesis	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to type II interferon	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
organelle transport along microtubule	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
endothelin receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament branching	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intracellular protein transport	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of modification of postsynaptic structure	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynapse organization	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
modification of synaptic structure	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
endocytosis	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
Cdc42 protein signal transduction	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle organization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron migration	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesion	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell size	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
response to wounding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
anatomical structure morphogenesis	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of lamellipodium assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast migration	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell migration	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament polymerization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell migration	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of microtubule polymerization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle organization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of interleukin-23 production	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transduction	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
respiratory burst	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell motility	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of stress fiber assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
localization within membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of respiratory burst	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
engulfment of apoptotic cell	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell projection assembly	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cortical cytoskeleton organization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neutrophil migration	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell shape	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Rac protein signal transduction	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament organization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell chemotaxis	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
motor neuron axon guidance	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascade	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell migration	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organization	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodeling	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylation	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
exocytosis	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphorylation	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organization	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of microtubule polymerization	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JUN kinase activity	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein autophosphorylation	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor signaling pathway	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection morphogenesis	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assembly	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in contact inhibition	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of microtubule nucleation	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization to cytoplasmic stress granule	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transduction	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of axonogenesis	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MAPK cascade	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor internalization	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of translation	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA metabolic process	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
P-body assembly	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule assembly	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA transport	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
oxygen binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
toxic substance binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
antioxidant activity	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
exogenous protein binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
enterobactin binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid binding	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid binding	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
peroxidase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endopeptidase activity	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
kinase binding	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine binding	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
CARD domain binding	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
caspase binding	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
peroxidase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
aspartic-type endopeptidase activity	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
death receptor binding	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidase activity	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase A2 activator activity	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex binding	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme activator activity	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
lipopolysaccharide binding	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid binding	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
CARD domain binding	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type peptidase activity	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme activator activity	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidase activity	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
SH3 domain binding	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
GTPase activity	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein activity	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
GTP binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
GTP-dependent protein binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
thioesterase binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
GBD domain binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
apolipoprotein A-I receptor binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase activity	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
GTPase activity	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein activity	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
GTP binding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thioesterase binding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex binding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor binding	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
small GTPase binding	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase activity	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen binding	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
gamma-tubulin binding	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activity	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular region	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule lumen	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
blood microparticle	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
microvillus	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
apical cortex	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	Homo sapiens (human)
photoreceptor outer segment	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
canonical inflammasome complex	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
NLRP1 inflammasome complex	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
NLRP3 inflammasome complex	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
AIM2 inflammasome complex	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
IPAF inflammasome complex	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
protease inhibitor complex	Caspase-1	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear outer membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
caveola	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
death-inducing signaling complex	Caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
non-canonical inflammasome complex	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
NLRP1 inflammasome complex	Caspase-4	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
NLRP1 inflammasome complex	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Caspase-5	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
caspase complex	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptosome	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Caspase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
storage vacuole	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junction	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
filopodium	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
midbody	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
leading edge membrane	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
apical part of cell	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
spindle midzone	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindle	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi transport complex	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Cell division control protein 42 homolog	Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynapse	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi network	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell cortex	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
melanosome	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
NADPH oxidase complex	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic vesicle	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoskeleton	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junction	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intercalated disc	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Z disc	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
axon	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membrane	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membrane	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi network	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complex	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID588378	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID504836	Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation	2002	The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16	Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID588349	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID371833	AUC (0 to 6 hrs) in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID540210	Clearance in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1698005	Ratio of drug level in Wistar Hannover rat blood to plasma administered through iv dosing by LC-MS/MS analysis
AID588216	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID371828	Gastrointestinal toxicity in fasted Swiss mouse assessed ulcer index at 0.1 mg/kg, po after 4 hrs	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID371830	Half life in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID695270	Antinociceptive activity in mouse up to 100 mg/kg, ip by hot plate test	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 22, Issue:7	Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of carbamic acid 1-phenyl-3-(4-phenyl-piperazine-1-yl)-propyl ester derivatives as new analgesic agents.
AID1079934	Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID588218	FDA HLAED, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID29811	Oral bioavailability in human	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID540217	Volume of distribution at steady state in dog after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID1698001	Lipophilicity, log D of the compound at pH 7.4 by by shake flask method
AID1435599	Inhibition of PAK1/COX2 in human A549 cells harboring Ki-RAS mutant assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of Ketorolac: A "Click Chemistry"-based highly potent PAK1-blocking cancer-killer.
AID168946	Antiinflammatory activity using cotton pellet assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID442307	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in albino rat assessed as inhibition of oedema at 39.23 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Novel substituted and fused pyrrolizine derivatives: synthesis, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenecity studies.
AID29359	Ionization constant (pKa)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID371831	Tmax in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID168947	Antiinflammatory activity using rat paw assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID625289	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID540221	Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID540218	Clearance in monkey after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID1636368	Drug activation in human Hep3B cells assessed as human CYP3A4-mediated drug metabolism-induced cytotoxicity measured as decrease in cell viability at 22.3 uM pre-incubated with BSO for 18 hrs followed by incubation with compound for 3 hrs in presence of N	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16	Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships.
AID625283	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1079949	Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID625290	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID27167	Delta logD (logD6.5 - logD7.4)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID540232	Dose normalised AUC in monkey after po administration	2005	Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, Feb, Volume: 35, Issue:2	Comparative evaluation of oral systemic exposure of 56 xenobiotics in rat, dog, monkey and human.
AID599064	Plasma protein binding in human	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Lipophilicity of acidic compounds: impact of ion pair partitioning on drug design.
AID234213	Therapeutic ratio of MED GI erosion to that of ED30 of rat paw	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-6-(methylthio)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-ca rboxyl ic acids and 1-methyl-4-(methylthio)-5-aroylpyrrole-2-acetic acids.
AID1079939	Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID442309	Analgesic activity against acetic acid-induced writhing in albino mouse assessed as inhibition of writhing reflex at 39.23 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr before acetic acid challenge measured after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Novel substituted and fused pyrrolizine derivatives: synthesis, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenecity studies.
AID1079935	Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID168943	Antiinflammatory activity of compound determined by carrageenan rat paw edema assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID781329	pKa (acid-base dissociation constant) as determined by other workers	2014	Pharmaceutical research, Apr, Volume: 31, Issue:4	Comparison of the accuracy of experimental and predicted pKa values of basic and acidic compounds.
AID371835	Mean residence time in Wistar rat assessed as time required for 63.2% of administered dose to be eliminated at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID396305	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in Wistar rat at 2.5 mg/kg, po after 2 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amide prodrugs of ketorolac.
AID168945	Antiinflammatory activity using adjuvant arthritis assay.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID371818	Chemical stability assessed as hydrolysis half life in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID540213	Half life in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID625288	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1212314	Drug uptake in lysosomes of human Fa2N-4 cells assessed as inhibition of LysoTracker Red fluorescence after 30 mins	2013	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 41, Issue:4	Lysosomal sequestration (trapping) of lipophilic amine (cationic amphiphilic) drugs in immortalized human hepatocytes (Fa2N-4 cells).
AID444053	Renal clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1698000	Apparent permeability in dog MDCKII-LE cells at pH 7.4
AID567091	Drug absorption in human assessed as human intestinal absorption rate	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 46, Issue:1	Prediction of drug intestinal absorption by new linear and non-linear QSPR.
AID540212	Mean residence time in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID23697	Partition coefficient (logP) (HPLC)	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID444054	Oral bioavailability in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID588217	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID588214	FDA HLAED, liver enzyme composite activity	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID540220	Clearance in human after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID177183	Effective dose for cotton pellet assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID178497	Antiinflammatory activity was assessed from the ability to inhibit adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-6-(methylthio)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-ca rboxyl ic acids and 1-methyl-4-(methylthio)-5-aroylpyrrole-2-acetic acids.
AID371820	Stability in rat plasma assessed as half life	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID1079932	Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID540211	Fraction unbound in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1698007	Ratio of drug level in human blood to plasma administered through iv dosing by LC-MS/MS analysis
AID1079942	Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID442308	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in albino rat assessed as inhibition of oedema at 39.23 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Novel substituted and fused pyrrolizine derivatives: synthesis, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenecity studies.
AID371821	Analgesic activity against acetic acid-induced writhing in po dosed Swiss mouse administered 1 hr before acetic acid challenge measured after 5 mins for 20 mins	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID1079936	Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID239780	Percentage plasma protein binding towards human serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-07, Volume: 48, Issue:7	Predicting human serum albumin affinity of interleukin-8 (CXCL8) inhibitors by 3D-QSPR approach.
AID1079940	Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID625282	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1698008	Hepatic clearance in Wistar Hannover rat at 1 mg/kg, iv
AID540215	Volume of distribution at steady state in rat after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID540214	Clearance in rat after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID395328	Lipophilicity, log P of the compound	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Relationship between brain tissue partitioning and microemulsion retention factors of CNS drugs.
AID425652	Total body clearance in human	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15	Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID598526	1-Octanol-water distribution coefficient, log D of the compound at pH 7.4 by shake-flask method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Lipophilicity of acidic compounds: impact of ion pair partitioning on drug design.
AID588219	FDA HLAED, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1212341	Cytotoxicity against human Fa2N-4 cells by lactate dehydrogenase assay	2013	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 41, Issue:4	Lysosomal sequestration (trapping) of lipophilic amine (cationic amphiphilic) drugs in immortalized human hepatocytes (Fa2N-4 cells).
AID588215	FDA HLAED, alkaline phosphatase increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID125932	Analgesic activity of compound using carrageenan mouse phenylquinone writhing assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID371827	Antiinflammatory activity in Swiss mouse assessed as reduction in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema at 10 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 48 hrs	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID371832	Cmax in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID625277	FDA Liver Toxicity Knowledge Base Benchmark Dataset (LTKB-BD) drugs of less concern for DILI	2011	Drug discovery today, Aug, Volume: 16, Issue:15-16	FDA-approved drug labeling for the study of drug-induced liver injury.
AID695275	Antiinflammatory activity in rat persistent inflammatory pain model assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced mechanical hyperalgesia at 100 mg/kg, po	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 22, Issue:7	Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of carbamic acid 1-phenyl-3-(4-phenyl-piperazine-1-yl)-propyl ester derivatives as new analgesic agents.
AID1236799	Antiinflammatory activity in albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 30 mg/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured 3 hrs after induction of inflammation relative to control	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of bivalent benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone ligands as potential anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents.
AID592681	Apparent permeability across human Caco2 cell membrane after 2 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	QSAR-based permeability model for drug-like compounds.
AID1698003	Fraction unbound in rat plasma
AID1698004	Fraction unbound in cynomolgus monkey plasma
AID1636482	Drug activation in human Hep3B cells assessed as human CYP2C9-mediated drug metabolism-induced cytotoxicity measured as decrease in cell viability at 39 uM pre-incubated with BSO for 18 hrs followed by incubation with compound for 3 hrs in presence of NAD	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16	Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships.
AID625285	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID371825	Antiinflammatory activity in po dosed Swiss mouse assessed as reduction in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID425653	Renal clearance in human	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15	Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID1435610	Inhibition of RAC1/CDC42 in human ovarian cancer cells	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of Ketorolac: A "Click Chemistry"-based highly potent PAK1-blocking cancer-killer.
AID396296	Solubility in 1.0N HCl	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amide prodrugs of ketorolac.
AID1698002	Intrinsic clearance in cryopreserved human hepatocytes at 1 uM measured up to 120 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis
AID442305	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in albino rat assessed as inhibition of oedema at 39.23 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 1 hr relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Novel substituted and fused pyrrolizine derivatives: synthesis, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenecity studies.
AID695273	Antinociceptive activity in late phase po dosed mouse by formalin test	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 22, Issue:7	Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of carbamic acid 1-phenyl-3-(4-phenyl-piperazine-1-yl)-propyl ester derivatives as new analgesic agents.
AID625287	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625286	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID126579	Antiinflammatory activity using mouse writhing assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID540219	Volume of distribution at steady state in monkey after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID395325	Lipophilicity, log P by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Relationship between brain tissue partitioning and microemulsion retention factors of CNS drugs.
AID1079947	Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID1698009	Hepatic clearance in cynomolgus monkey at < 1 mg/kg, iv administered as cassette dosing
AID311367	Permeability coefficient in human skin	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Transdermal penetration behaviour of drugs: CART-clustering, QSPR and selection of model compounds.
AID540230	Dose normalised AUC in rat after po administration	2005	Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, Feb, Volume: 35, Issue:2	Comparative evaluation of oral systemic exposure of 56 xenobiotics in rat, dog, monkey and human.
AID442306	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in albino rat assessed as inhibition of oedema at 39.23 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 2 hrs relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Novel substituted and fused pyrrolizine derivatives: synthesis, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenecity studies.
AID444057	Fraction escaping hepatic elimination in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID371834	AUMC (0 to 6 hrs) in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID371817	Chemical stability assessed as hydrolysis half life in 0.1N HCl at pH 1	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID540233	Dose normalised AUC in human after po administration	2005	Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, Feb, Volume: 35, Issue:2	Comparative evaluation of oral systemic exposure of 56 xenobiotics in rat, dog, monkey and human.
AID1079944	Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID224856	Effect on acute pulmonary thromboembolism in mice at 100 mg/kg	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 43, Issue:20	Synthesis and hypolipidemic and antiplatelet activities of alpha-asarone isomers in humans (in vitro), mice (in vivo), and rats (in vivo).
AID1079938	Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID1079945	Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID1474167	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID1435601	Cytotoxicity against PAK1-independent mouse B16F10 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of Ketorolac: A "Click Chemistry"-based highly potent PAK1-blocking cancer-killer.
AID128488	Analgesic activity was assessed from the ability to inhibit phenylquinone-induced writhing in mouse at a dose of 70 mg/kg	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-6-(methylthio)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-ca rboxyl ic acids and 1-methyl-4-(methylthio)-5-aroylpyrrole-2-acetic acids.
AID540209	Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID371826	Antiinflammatory activity in Swiss mouse assessed as reduction in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema at 0.1 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID1698011	Fraction unbound in human plasma
AID1435607	Drug-uptake in multidrug-resistant mouse EMT6 cells at 100 uM measured after 1 hr by HPLC method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of Ketorolac: A "Click Chemistry"-based highly potent PAK1-blocking cancer-killer.
AID1697999	Dissociation constant, acidic pKa of compound measured up to 18 mins by capillary electrophoresis
AID1435604	Inhibition of recombinant human COX2 using arachidonic acid as substrate measured after 2 to 5 mins	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of Ketorolac: A "Click Chemistry"-based highly potent PAK1-blocking cancer-killer.
AID625281	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID396298	Chloroform-acidic buffer partition coefficient, log K at pH 1.4	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amide prodrugs of ketorolac.
AID444052	Hepatic clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID407366	Displacement of 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulphonic acid from rat recombinant L-FABP high binding affinity site expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by competitive fluorescence displacement assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-10, Volume: 51, Issue:13	Characterization of the drug binding specificity of rat liver fatty acid binding protein.
AID625292	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID396310	Gastrointestinal toxicity in Wistar rat assessed as ulcerogenic indicates at dose equivalent to 1.2 mg/kg of ketorolac orally administered for 5 days	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amide prodrugs of ketorolac.
AID444055	Fraction absorbed in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID625284	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625280	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID28681	Partition coefficient (logD6.5)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID625291	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID371837	Elimination half life in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID1079931	Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID1435603	Inhibition of PAK1 in human A549 cells using myelin basic protein as substrate preincubated for 24 hrs followed by PAK1 immunoprecipation and substrate addition measured after 60 mins by ATP-Glo kinase assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of Ketorolac: A "Click Chemistry"-based highly potent PAK1-blocking cancer-killer.
AID131724	Effective dose for mouse writhing assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID476929	Human intestinal absorption in po dosed human	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Neural computational prediction of oral drug absorption based on CODES 2D descriptors.
AID1079941	Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID184866	Minimum effective dose causing gastrointestinal erosion using seven-day chronic assay.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID695272	Antinociceptive activity in late phase ip dosed mouse by formalin test	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 22, Issue:7	Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of carbamic acid 1-phenyl-3-(4-phenyl-piperazine-1-yl)-propyl ester derivatives as new analgesic agents.
AID26321	Dissociation constant (pKa)	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID129290	Antiinflammatory activity was assessed from the ability to inhibit cotton pellet granuloma in mice	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-6-(methylthio)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-ca rboxyl ic acids and 1-methyl-4-(methylthio)-5-aroylpyrrole-2-acetic acids.
AID625279	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID235772	Therapeutic ratio as the ratio of MED value to that of ED30 for the carrageenan rat paw assay.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID1079933	Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID371819	Chemical stability assessed as hydrolysis half life in phosphate buffer at pH 8.0	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID1236800	Antiinflammatory activity in albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 30 mg/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured 4 hrs after induction of inflammation relative to control	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of bivalent benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone ligands as potential anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents.
AID781330	pKa (acid-base dissociation constant) as determined by potentiometric titration	2014	Pharmaceutical research, Apr, Volume: 31, Issue:4	Comparison of the accuracy of experimental and predicted pKa values of basic and acidic compounds.
AID1079948	Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID444056	Fraction escaping gut-wall elimination in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID177184	Effective dose for rat paw assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID1236798	Antiinflammatory activity in albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 30 mg/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured 2 hrs after induction of inflammation relative to control	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of bivalent benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone ligands as potential anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents.
AID1474166	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID1079946	Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID407369	Displacement of 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulphonic acid from rat recombinant L-FABP low binding affinity site expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by competitive fluorescence displacement assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-10, Volume: 51, Issue:13	Characterization of the drug binding specificity of rat liver fatty acid binding protein.
AID396294	Solubility in 0.1 N NaOH	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amide prodrugs of ketorolac.
AID160899	Concentration required to inhibit 50% activity of prostaglandin synthetase was determined in vitro in mouse brain microsomes	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	Antinociceptive (aminoalkyl)indoles.
AID1636424	Drug activation in human Hep3B cells assessed as human CYP2D6-mediated drug metabolism-induced cytotoxicity measured as decrease in cell viability at 17.6 uM pre-incubated with BSO for 18 hrs followed by incubation with compound for 3 hrs in presence of N	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16	Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships.
AID1236797	Antiinflammatory activity in albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 30 mg/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured 1 hr after induction of inflammation relative to control	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of bivalent benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone ligands as potential anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents.
AID371823	Analgesic activity against acetic acid-induced writhing in Swiss mouse at 0.1 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before acetic acid challenge measured after 5 mins for 20 mins	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID178380	Effective dose causing 50 % gastrointestinal erosion using seven-day chronic assay.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID540231	Dose normalised AUC in dog after po administration	2005	Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, Feb, Volume: 35, Issue:2	Comparative evaluation of oral systemic exposure of 56 xenobiotics in rat, dog, monkey and human.
AID371824	Analgesic activity against magnesium sulfate-induced writhing in po dosed Swiss mouse administered 1 hr before magnesium sulfate challenge measured for 5 mins	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID371838	Absorption half life in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID178384	Effective dose for adjuvant arthritis assay	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acids and related compounds.
AID1079937	Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID442310	Gastrointestinal toxicity in albino rat assessed ulcer index at 39.23 mmol/kg, po	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Novel substituted and fused pyrrolizine derivatives: synthesis, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenecity studies.
AID371836	Systemic clearance in Wistar rat at 0.1 mg/kg, po	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-25, Volume: 52, Issue:12	Galactosyl prodrug of ketorolac: synthesis, stability, and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic evaluations.
AID128161	Acetylcholine writhing inhibitory activity measured in vivo in mouse by peroral administration	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 34, Issue:3	Antinociceptive (aminoalkyl)indoles.
AID184650	Chronic gastrointestinal erosive activity in rats	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-6-(methylthio)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-ca rboxyl ic acids and 1-methyl-4-(methylthio)-5-aroylpyrrole-2-acetic acids.
AID1698006	Ratio of drug level in cynomolgus monkey blood to plasma administered through iv dosing by LC-MS/MS analysis
AID224688	Effect on acute pulmonary thromboembolism in mice at 100 mg/kg expressed as no. of killed or paralyzed to no. of tested observed after 10 min	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 43, Issue:20	Synthesis and hypolipidemic and antiplatelet activities of alpha-asarone isomers in humans (in vitro), mice (in vivo), and rats (in vivo).
AID1079943	Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID444058	Volume of distribution at steady state in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID539464	Solubility of the compound in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at 600 uM at pH 7.4 after 24 hrs by LC/MS/MS analysis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24	Experimental solubility profiling of marketed CNS drugs, exploring solubility limit of CNS discovery candidate.
AID177015	Antiinflammatory activity assessed by inhibition of carrageenan-induced edema in rats at a dose of 15 mg/kg	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-6-(methylthio)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-ca rboxyl ic acids and 1-methyl-4-(methylthio)-5-aroylpyrrole-2-acetic acids.
AID540216	Clearance in dog after iv administration	2005	Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, Jul, Volume: 94, Issue:7	Extrapolation of human pharmacokinetic parameters from rat, dog, and monkey data: Molecular properties associated with extrapolative success or failure.
AID396306	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in Wistar rat at 2.5 mg/kg, po after 6 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amide prodrugs of ketorolac.
AID396297	Chloroform-PBS partition coefficient, log K at pH 7.4	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amide prodrugs of ketorolac.
AID677462	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 53	Self-organizing molecular field analysis of NSAIDs: assessment of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties using 3D-QSPkR approach.
AID444051	Total clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1435606	Cytotoxicity against multidrug-resistant mouse EMT6 cells at 100 uM measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	1,2,3-Triazolyl ester of Ketorolac: A "Click Chemistry"-based highly potent PAK1-blocking cancer-killer.
AID1698010	Hepatic clearance in human administered through iv dosing
AID598527	1-Octanol-sodium citrate buffer distribution coefficient, log D of the compound at pH 5.5 by shake-flask method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Lipophilicity of acidic compounds: impact of ion pair partitioning on drug design.
AID444050	Fraction unbound in human plasma	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID598525	Lipophilicity, log P of the compound	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Lipophilicity of acidic compounds: impact of ion pair partitioning on drug design.
AID243230	Binding affinity towards human serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-07, Volume: 48, Issue:7	Predicting human serum albumin affinity of interleukin-8 (CXCL8) inhibitors by 3D-QSPR approach.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347411	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1345206	Human COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase)	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24	Binding of ibuprofen, ketorolac, and diclofenac to COX-1 and COX-2 studied by saturation transfer difference NMR.
AID1345284	Human COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase)	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24	Binding of ibuprofen, ketorolac, and diclofenac to COX-1 and COX-2 studied by saturation transfer difference NMR.
AID1345284	Human COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase)	1999	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Jun-22, Volume: 96, Issue:13	Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis.
AID1802657	Caspase Catalytic Activity Assay from Article 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.02.003: \\Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Are Caspase Inhibitors.\\	2017	Cell chemical biology, Mar-16, Volume: 24, Issue:3	Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Are Caspase Inhibitors.
AID1801104	ITC Titration from Article 10.1021/cb5005178: \\Characterization of two distinct modes of drug binding to human intestinal fatty acid binding protein.\\	2014	ACS chemical biology, Nov-21, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Characterization of two distinct modes of drug binding to human intestinal fatty acid binding protein.
AID1801103	Fluorophore Displacement Assay from Article 10.1021/cb5005178: \\Characterization of two distinct modes of drug binding to human intestinal fatty acid binding protein.\\	2014	ACS chemical biology, Nov-21, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Characterization of two distinct modes of drug binding to human intestinal fatty acid binding protein.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	15 (0.93)	18.7374
1990's	427 (26.34)	18.2507
2000's	399 (24.61)	29.6817
2010's	534 (32.94)	24.3611
2020's	246 (15.18)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	668 (37.57%)	5.53%
Reviews	103 (5.79%)	6.00%
Case Studies	131 (7.37%)	4.05%
Observational	13 (0.73%)	0.25%
Other	863 (48.54%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (386)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Intravenous Ketorolac Vs. Morphine In Children Presenting With Acute Abdominal Pain And/or Suspected Appendicitis: A Multi-centre Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06160778]	Phase 3	495 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Total Knee Arthroplasty & Outcome: A Prospective Randomized Comparison Between Adductor Canal Block and Femoral Nerve Block [NCT02082067]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Withdrawn
A Pilot Study of Biomarker Evaluation and Safety of Pre-Incisional Ketorolac for Patients Undergoing Surgical Resection for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Renal Cell Carcinoma [NCT04495894]	Early Phase 1	76 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-24	Recruiting
Disposition of Intravenous Ketorolac After Cesarean Section [NCT01291472]	Phase 4	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
[NCT01339624]		65 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Single Site Pharmacokinetic Non-interaction Study With Open-label, Randomized, Single-dose, Three-period, Six-sequence, Crossover Design to Compare Tramadol Hydrochloride 25 mg Capsules (Tradol [Trade Mark], Product of Grünenthal Mexico S.A. de C.V.) and [NCT03767036]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-05	Completed
A Pilot Clinical Trial of a New Neuromodulation Device for Acute Attacks of Migraine in Children and Adolescents Visiting the Emergency Department [NCT05102591]	Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-22	Recruiting
The Use of Ketorolac in Surgical Neonates [NCT01667120]	Phase 2	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Effect of Ketorolac Administration on Post-operative Narcotic Utilization and Union Rates in Great Toe Arthrodesis [NCT05054868]	Phase 1	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-14	Recruiting
Study of Ketorolac Versus Opioid for Pain After Endoscopy (SKOPE): A Double-blinded Randomized Control Trial Comparing Outpatient Analgesic Efficacy of NSAIDs and Opioids in Patients Undergoing Ureteroscopy for Kidney Stones [NCT03888144]	Phase 4	81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-13	Completed
Nepafenac Versus Ketorolac Eye Drops in Prevention of Intraoperative Miosis During Cataract Surgery [NCT03851172]	Phase 2	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-03-01	Not yet recruiting
Effects of a Surgical Site Injection on Pain Scores and Narcotic Use After Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery [NCT03693404]	Phase 4	190 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-01	Completed
Double-blind, Prospective Comparison of Medications Used in Trigger Point Injections - Ketorolac, Lidocaine, or Dexamethasone [NCT03028012]	Phase 4	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-02	Terminated(stopped due to Poor enrollment.)
Prospective Comparative Study Between Ultrasound-guided Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Block and the Use of Intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia for Management of Pain in Patients With Multiple Fracture Ribs [NCT05975294]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Scintigraphic Assessment of Nasal Deposition and Clearance of 99mTc DTPA Ketorolac Solution Administered Using the Valois Nasal Spray Device [NCT01356212]	Phase 1	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-09-30	Completed
Efficacy of Ketorolac and Lidocaine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Blocks in Patients With With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: a Prospective Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03410212]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-15	Completed
Randomized, Prospective Study of the Assessment, Prevention and Management of Acute Post-herniotomy Pain [NCT01345162]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
Traditional vs. Nonopioid Analgesia After Rotator Cuff Repair [NCT03818919]	Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-01-22	Recruiting
National, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Triple-dummy, Phase II Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Escócia Association in the Treatment of Acute Pain [NCT04666701]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-02-28	Withdrawn(stopped due to Strategy review)
Comparison Between the Effects of Intravenous Morphine, Tramadol and Ketorolac on Stress and Immune Responses in Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT02449954]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Active, not recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel, Single-dose Study of Intranasal Ketorolac in the Treatment of Pain Secondary to Dental Impaction Surgery [NCT01356225]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-02-29	Completed
Open Label, 2-Way Crossover Study to Assess the PK of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine and to Assess the Effects of a Single Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride on the PK of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine in Healthy Male Subjects [NCT01363089]	Phase 1	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
Effectiveness of Corticosteroid vs. Ketorolac Shoulder Injections: A Prospective Double-Blinded Randomized Trial [NCT04115644]	Phase 4	82 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-01	Terminated(stopped due to Covid-19 and we failed to submit annual report for 2017 and 2018)
A Randomized Control Trial Study of the Efficacy of Celecoxib Versus Ketorolac for Perioperative Pain Control [NCT03331315]	Phase 2	170 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-09-01	Completed
Intranasal Ketorolac Versus Intravenous Ketorolac for Treatment of Migraine Headaches in Children: A Randomized Non-inferiority Clinical Trial [NCT02358681]	Phase 3	59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-16	Completed
The Effect of Adding Ketorolac to Bupivacaine in Superficial Cervical Plexus Block in Thyroid Surgery. [NCT05180214]	Phase 2	46 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-17	Completed
Analgesic Efficacy of Intra-muscular Ketamine-ketorolac Versus Fentanyl- Ketorolac for Children Undergoing Bone Marrow Biopsy and Aspiration [NCT03649334]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-26	Completed
Ibuprofen Versus Ketorolac by Mouth in the Treatment of Acute Pain From Osteoarticular Trauma: a Randomized Double-blind Controlled Study. [NCT04133623]	Phase 3	212 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-11-19	Completed
Effect of Paracetamol and Ketorolac on RANK-L Levels in Patients Starting Orthodontic Treatment [NCT05383820]	Phase 4	24 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-09-27	Recruiting
Multimodal Anesthesia and Analgesia for Total Shoulder and Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03586934]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-06-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Difficult to enroll patients for the study)
Ultrasound-guided (US) Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) for Acute Rib Fractures in the Emergency Department (ED) [NCT03619785]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-11-06	Recruiting
A Phase 2, Open-Label Study of HTX 011 in a Multimodal Analgesic Regimen for Decreased Opioid Use Following Unilateral Open Inguinal Herniorrhaphy [NCT03695367]	Phase 2	63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-01	Completed
Efficacy and Cost-effectiveness of Intra-Articular Ketorolac Injection for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blinded Study [NCT03694821]	Phase 4	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-05	Terminated(stopped due to Low enrollment)
Effectiveness of Corticosteroid vs Ketorolac Shoulder Injections: a Prospective Double-Blinded Randomized Trial [NCT04895280]	Phase 4	400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-04-30	Not yet recruiting
A Prospective, Double-blind, Randomized Pilot Study Evaluating the Effects of Toradol and Lyrica Verses Placebo for Pain Control After Donor Nephrectomy (TORPEDO) [NCT03669081]	Phase 2	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-20	Completed
A Phase 3, Double-blind, Randomized Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Analgesic Efficacy of Multiple Doses of Ketorolac Tromethamine Administered Intranasally for Postoperative Pain [NCT01347853]	Phase 3	300 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-06-30	Completed
Impact of Local Anesthetic Wound Infiltration on Postoperative Pain Following Cesarean Delivery [NCT02829944]	Phase 4	84 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Completed
Local Infiltration Analgesia in Total Hip Arthroplasty - Efficacy of Multiple Bolus Injections With Ropivacaine and Ketorolac [NCT01344395]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
A Phase 1, Double-Blind, Study of the Tolerability of Formulations of Ketorolac Tromethamine Following Intranasal Administration in Healthy Volunteers [NCT01363063]	Phase 1	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-12-31	Completed
Comparison of Ketorolac Tromethamine 0.4% and Nepafenac 0.1% for the Prevention of Cystoid Macular Edema After Phacoemulsification: Prospective Randomized Double-masked Study [NCT02084576]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-08-31	Completed
A Single Arm, Open Label Study of the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of SPRIX (Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine) in 0 to 11 Year-Old Patients Undergoing Open Surgical Procedures [NCT02102516]	Phase 3	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) for Postoperative Pain Control for Open and Laparoscopic Abdominal Hernia Repair [NCT02128646]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Completed
The Role of Inflammation and Vasodilatation in PACAP38-induced Headache Using MRI on Healthy Subjects [NCT03585894]		34 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-01	Completed
Ibuprofen Versus Ketorolac for Pain Relief During Hysterosalpingogram [NCT05190341]	Phase 4	88 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Traditional vs. Nonopioid Analgesia After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction [NCT03818932]	Phase 2/Phase 3	62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-22	Completed
Comparison of the Analgesic Effect of Femoral Nerve Block, Intraarticular Infiltration or a Combination of Both in the Control of Pain in Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT01304212]	Phase 4	137 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-04-30	Completed
Effect of Toradol on Post-operative Foot and Ankle Healing [NCT03727048]	Phase 4	128 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Efficacy of IV Ibuprofen vs Ketorolac in Controlling Post Operative Pain in Colorectal Cancer Surgeries in Obese Patient: A Randomized Double Blinded Controlled Study [NCT05782608]		8 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-01	Not yet recruiting
Stimulating Catheter for Lumbar Plexus Block: Better Postoperative Analgesia? [NCT02162121]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Completed
Analgesic Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Quadratus Lumborum Block Versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy [NCT03323684]		159 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-01	Completed
A Randomized Single Blinded Prospective Analysis for NSAID VS Corticosteroid Shoulder Injection in Diabetic Patients [NCT03319784]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-05	Withdrawn(stopped due to never initiated)
Ketorolac as a Strategy for Reducing Post-operative Opioid Requirements in Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03467750]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-07-19	Recruiting
An Analysis of the Functional Benefit, Narcotic Use and Time to Discharge Readiness Following the Implementation of a Comprehensive Pain Management Protocol for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT02474654]	Phase 4	220 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Completed
Multimodal Nonopioid Pain Protocol Following Shoulder Arthroplasty Surgery [NCT05488847]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-25	Recruiting
The Outcome of Preoperative Administration of Single-dose Ketorolac, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug and Placebo on Postoperative Pain in Teeth With Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis [NCT03116672]		3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-02	Completed
Ketorolac Versus Triamcinolone Intra-articular Knee Injections for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. A Prospective, Double-Blinded Randomized Trial [NCT02295189]		36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
Comparison Between Transversus Abdominis Plane Block and Wound Infiltration for Analgesia After Cesarean Delivery [NCT02691572]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Completed
Adjuncts to Intravenous Regional Anaesthesia, a Comparison Between Ketorolac and Paracetamol [NCT03485625]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-21	Completed
Preemptive Ketorolac for Intraoperative Shoulder Tip Pain During Cesarean Section: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT02380898]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Intravenous Ketorolac 10, 20, and 30mg for Treating Renal Colic Pain in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03665753]	Early Phase 1	165 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-05	Completed
A Prospective, Randomized, Control Trial of Ketorolac Versus Placebo on Opioid Analgesic Use, Estimated Blood Loss and Complications Following Cesarean Delivery With Epidural Morphine [NCT02509312]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
Efficacy of NSAID and Acetaminophen in the Control of Post-Operative Pain in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement [NCT05393414]		81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-11-25	Completed
Lidocaine Versus Ketorolac for the Management of Renal Colic [NCT03137498]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-03-06	Recruiting
A Randomised Controlled Trial of Ranibizumab With and Without Ketorolac Eyedrops for Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration [NCT02060604]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Completed
Atomized Intranasal Vs Intravenous Ketorolac in Acute Renal Colic Pain Management: A Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Clinical Trial. [NCT04441762]	Phase 2/Phase 3	171 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-30	Completed
Prophylactic Effect of Ketorolac Tromethamine on the Cystoid Macular Edema After Phacoemulsification in Diabetic Patients [NCT03551808]	Phase 2	102 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-01	Recruiting
Intraarticular Injections of the Hip and Knee With Triamcinolone Versus Ketorolac: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04441112]	Phase 2/Phase 3	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-20	Completed
Pain Management in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Insertion; Effectiveness of Bupivacaine, Ketorolac, Ketamine, vs Bupivacaine Alone in Reducing Postoperative Pocket Pain [NCT05575999]	Phase 1	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-30	Not yet recruiting
IV Meloxicam for Pain Management Post TJA: Prospective Randomized Trial [NCT05291598]	Phase 3	231 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-05-01	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Ketorolac in Children [NCT02297906]	Phase 1	18 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-02-28	Terminated(stopped due to Enrolment issues)
Status Migrainosus - Differentiating Between Responders and Non-responders in the Setup of Real-life Clinical Practice [NCT03066544]	Phase 1/Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Recruiting
The Effect of Intra-operative Ketorolac on Hematoma Rates in Breast Reduction Surgery: A Double Blind Randomized Control Trial [NCT03535116]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-01-01	Recruiting
Unravelling the Local and Systemic Effects of Primary Surgery and Perioperative Use of Ketorolac and Pregabalin in Primary Breast Cancer Patients According to Adiposity [NCT06150898]	Phase 2	112 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-02-20	Not yet recruiting
Suppression of Inflammation by Using NSAIDs During Peri-operative Period Can Affect the Prognosis of Breast Cancer. [NCT02141139]	Phase 3	1,568 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Trial: Role of EFTs (Emotional Freedom Techniques) in Reducing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. [NCT02169856]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-07-31	Completed
The Effect of IV PCA With Ketorolac or Fentanyl Combined With Caudal Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Small Children Undergoing Intravesical Ureteroneocystostomy [NCT01081535]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-05-31	Completed
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Analgesic Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Intravenous N1539 in Subjects After Abdominal Laparoscopic Surgery [NCT01436032]	Phase 3	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Terminated
Ketorolac Plus Tobramycin/Dexamethasone vs. Tobramycin/Dexamethasone After Uneventful Phacoemulsification Surgery [NCT01103401]		145 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Intraoperative Ketorolac Dose of 15 mg Versus the Standard 30 mg on Early Postoperative Pain After Spine Surgery: A Randomised, Blinded, Non-Inferiority Trial [NCT01230463]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2010-09-30	Recruiting
Intrtavenous Ketorolac Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia After Hypospadius Repair [NCT05194904]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-31	Not yet recruiting
[NCT01258309]	Phase 3	129 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-12-31	Completed
Intravitreal Ketorolac for Chronic Uveitis:A Phase I Investigational Safety Study [NCT01164085]	Phase 1	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
The Use of Intravenous Ketorolac in a Multimodal Approach to Pain Management in Acute Pancreatitis [NCT04282200]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-02-24	Enrolling by invitation
Local Infiltration Analgesia During Total Knee Arthroplasty - Reduced Opiate Consumption and Faster Mobilisation Postoperatively - Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT01305733]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Active, not recruiting
Pain Management in Outpatient Urologic Procedures [NCT03393364]	Early Phase 1	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-01	Completed
A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy Study of CA-008 in Subjects Undergoing Bunionectomy [NCT03599089]	Phase 2	147 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-09	Completed
Comparison of Postoperative Side Effects and Analgesic Quality According to the Combination of Fentanyl and Ketorolac Versus Fentanyl After Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery [NCT05489796]		72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-06-30	Completed
Autonomic Control of the Circulation and the Venous Distension Reflex [NCT03513770]	Early Phase 1	18 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-08-14	Recruiting
An RCT of Metoclopramide/Diphenhydramine vs. Ketorolac Alone for Tension-type Headache [NCT01011673]	Phase 4	123 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Completed
Oral v. Parenteral Medications for the Emergency Management of Acute Migraine: a Pilot Randomized Control Trial [NCT05983354]		55 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-01	Not yet recruiting
Spinal Analgesia Versus Epidural Analgesia in Minor Laparotomic Liver Surgery in an Enhanced Recovery Programme: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02647047]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Opioid-Free Versus Transitional Anesthetic With Opioids From Tonsillectomy [NCT04528173]	Phase 4	550 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-07-22	Recruiting
Subacromial Injection of Methylprednisolone Versus Ketorolac to Treat Shoulder Impingement: a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03913702]	Phase 2	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-09	Terminated(stopped due to Inadequate patient enrollment)
Modulation of Remifentanil-induced Analgesia and Postinfusion Hyperalgesia by Parecoxib or Ketorolac in Humans [NCT00785863]	Phase 4	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Completed
Short-term Additive Effect of Topical Ketorolac on the Management of Diabetic Macular Edema With Intravitreal Bevacizumab [NCT04119921]	Phase 2/Phase 3	26 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Periarticular Multimodal Drug Injections in Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT00901628]	Phase 4	101 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
Multimodal Drug Infiltration in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Is Posterior Capsular Infiltration Worth the Risk? A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02860949]	Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Completed
Is Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Beneficial in Fracture Mandibular Surgeries? A Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT06167187]		46 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-01	Recruiting
Periarticular Bupivacaine + Meloxicam ER Solution Versus Standard Practice During Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Single Institution, Single-blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05188053]	Phase 4	98 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-07	Enrolling by invitation
Early Versus Late Deflation of Distal Tourniquet in Intravenous Regional Anesthesia With and Without Ketorolac in Hand & Forearm Surgery [NCT05234619]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-01	Active, not recruiting
Fluoroscopic Guided Radiofrequency of Genicular Nerves for Pain Alleviation in Chronic Knee Osteoarthritis : A Single-blind Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT03224637]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Evaluating Pain Outcomes of Caudal vs Ilioinguinal Nerve Block in Children Undergoing Hernia Repair [NCT03041948]		88 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-09-01	Recruiting
Efficacy of Adrenaline in Periarticular Analgesic Injection on Postoperative Pain Control After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03549221]	Phase 2	82 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-01-26	Recruiting
Comparative Study Between the Effect of Diclofanic and Ketorolac in Post Tonsillectomy Pain Management [NCT03178539]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Completed
Dosing of Ketorolac Impacts Post-cesarean paiN manaGemenet (KING): A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05248984]		92 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-06-08	Active, not recruiting
Comparison of the Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Ibuprofen Versus Ketorolac in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery [NCT05695664]	Early Phase 1	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-01	Completed
Comparison of Laparoscopically Assisted Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Using Liposomal Bupivacaine With Pre-incisional Bupivacaine for Post-operative Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic or Robotic Hysterectomy [NCT02400645]	Phase 1	69 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to It was determined that one member of the team had falsified data.)
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Double-Blind of Post-Operative Analgesic Effects of Local Wound Infiltration With Ketorolac After Inguinal Herniorrhaphy [NCT03534505]		10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-01	Terminated(stopped due to cannot enroll patient)
A Randomized Blinded Placebo Controlled Trial Assessing Ketorolac (Toradol) at Oocyte Retrieval [NCT06026553]	Phase 1	400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-08-10	Recruiting
"ICE-T Postoperative Multimodal Pain Regimen Compared to the Standard Regimen in Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial" [NCT03987022]	Phase 4	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-01	Completed
[NCT00904904]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
Postoperative Pain Management Following Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Comparison Between Local Infiltration Analgesia and Ultrasound Guided 3-in-1 Block [NCT02568995]	Phase 3	55 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Completed
Topical Steroids Versus Topical Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Following Ahmed Valve Glaucoma Drainage Device Surgery [NCT00956462]		36 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2007-07-31	Recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Trial of IV Ketorolac to Prevent Post-ERCP Pancreatitis [NCT02465138]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-11-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to Lack of Funding)
A Phase 2, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Analgesic Efficacy of Ketorolac Tromethamine Administered Intranasally for the Acute Treatment of Migraine [NCT00483717]	Phase 2	173 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-07-31	Completed
Local Infiltration Analgesia With Ropivacaine, Ketorolac and Epinephrine Intra- and Postoperatively in Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT00799175]		48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
Local Infiltration Analgesia or Intrathecal Morphine in Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT00992082]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Recruiting
Prospective Evaluation of the Effects of IV Ketorolac on Platelet Function Post-Cesarean Delivery [NCT03805607]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-18	Active, not recruiting
Vitreous Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drus Concentrations And Prostaglandin E2 Levels in Vitrectomy Patients Treated With Indomethacin 0.5%, Bromfenac 0.09%, and Nepafenac 0.1% [NCT02361645]	Phase 3	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Postoperative Pain Treatment in Total Hip Arthroplasty A Randomized Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study to Assess the Effect of Local Analgesia [NCT00603083]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
To Evaluate the Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine (Sprix) as an Option for Acute (up to 5 Days) Pain Management Adult Interstitial Cystitis Patients Experiencing a Flare of Pain [NCT02000401]	Phase 4	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
Topical 0.4% Ketorolac for the Inhibition of Miosis During Vitreoretinal Surgery: a Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-masked Study [NCT00576329]	Phase 2/Phase 3	76 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
The Analgesic Effects of Morphine Versus Ketorolac in Low Back Pain [NCT02782286]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy of Multimodal Peri- and Intraarticular Drug Injections in Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT00562627]	Phase 4	102 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-11-30	Completed
Tolerability and Toxicity of Topically Applied Nepafenac 0.3% vs Ketorolac 0.5% [NCT02752646]		200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Completed
The Effect of Preoperative Topical Ketorolac 0.45% on Aqueous Cytokine Levels and Macular Thickness in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery [NCT02646072]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Completed
Pre-operative Ketorolac Administration Has no Pre-emptive Analgesic Effect Following Total Abdominal Hysterectomy [NCT02642718]	Phase 4	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-04-30	Completed
Post ERCP Pancreatitis Prophylaxis, Effectiveness of Rectal Indomethacin vs Intravenous Ketorolac in the Pediatric Population [NCT05664074]	Phase 4	192 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-07	Recruiting
Oral Ketorolac as an Adjuvant Agent for Postoperative Pain Control Following Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair [NCT03967847]	Phase 3	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-02-11	Completed
IM Ketorolac vs Diclofenac Potassium Powder for Oral Solution (Cambia) for the Acute Treatment of Severe Migraine [NCT02664116]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
Efficacy of Ketorolac Buccal Infiltration on Success Rate of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Patients With Irreversible Pulpitis: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial [NCT02536430]	Phase 2	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Prospective, Randomized, Allocation-Concealed, Blinded Study Designed to Compare Ketorolac Sublingual and Fentanyl Intranasal in Pain Control for Bilateral Myringotomy and Tubes (BMT) Placement in Children [NCT02653742]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Recruiting
An Open-Label Study of Intraoperative CA-008 Administration in Subjects Undergoing Bunionectomy [NCT03885596]	Phase 2	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-25	Completed
Intra-nasal Ketorolac Versus Oral Diclofenac for Acute Ureteral Stent-associated Pain Following Ureteroscopy for Stone Disease [NCT06158620]	Phase 1/Phase 2	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-02-01	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy of Nasal Migraine Cocktail Used In Pediatric Emergency Department: A Clinical Trial [NCT06083571]	Phase 2	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-01	Not yet recruiting
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Sublingual Ketorolac Compared to Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Bilateral Myringotomy [NCT03742180]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Unavailable drug in Egypt.)
Efficacy of Topic Antiinflammatory Therapy Treatment in Center Point Thickness Secondary to Selective Photocoagulation in Diabetic Macular Edema [NCT00900887]	Phase 2	84 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
Battlefield Acupuncture for Acute/Subacute Back Pain in the Emergency Department [NCT03996564]		26 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-22	Completed
A Placebo-controlled, Randomized, Clinical Trial of Prophylactic Ketorolac 0.5% in Patients Undergoing Pars Plana Vitrectomy and Phacovitrectomy Epiretinal Membrane Peel Surgery: Assessing Macular Volume With Spectral-domain OCT [NCT00974753]		18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-and Placebo-Controlled Study of the Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Repeated Dosing of DIC075V Versus Parenteral Ketorolac and Placebo in Acute Post-Operative Pain After Elective Orthopedic Surgery [NCT00507026]	Phase 3	277 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-07-25	Completed
Does Sugared or Sugar Free Chewing Gum Reduces Postoperative Ileus After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy [NCT02162134]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
Traditional vs. Nonopioid Analgesia After Arthroscopic Meniscus Surgery [NCT03820193]	Early Phase 1	61 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-22	Completed
Premedication Efficacy of Oral Ketorolac and Ketorolac/ Acetaminophen on Post Endodontic Treatment Pain [NCT02614118]	Phase 2	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Comparison of Patient-controlled Analgesia With Background Opioid Versus Non-opioid Infusion for Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Randomized, Non-inferiority Study [NCT05861791]		98 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-02-07	Recruiting
Effects of Pre-emptive Scalp Infiltration With Ketorolac and Ropivacaine for Postoperative Pain Relief After Elective Supratentorial Craniotomy (PAINLESS) [NCT04141319]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-12-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparing the Efficacies Between the Spray of S.L. Spray Solution and Difflam and Acular to Release Postoperative Sore Throat [NCT02608788]	Phase 4	380 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Completed
A Prospective Trial Evaluating a Intracanalicular Insert Delivery System Compared to Traditional Topical Drops in Controlling Post-operative Pain and inFlammation in Subjects Undergoing Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery [NCT04205916]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-11-04	Recruiting
Ketorolac in Palatoplasty: A Randomized Blinded Controlled Trial. [NCT04771156]	Phase 4	74 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-09-17	Recruiting
Comparison of Ketorolac and Ketorolac/Acetaminophen on Success of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Injection [NCT02601911]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Local Multimodal Injection in Controlling Pain, Limiting Complications, and Reducing Cost as Compared to Regional Anesthesia for Treating Rotational Ankle Fractures. [NCT05019638]	Early Phase 1	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-15	Enrolling by invitation
Effect of Anti-inflammatory Topical Prednisolone Acetate 1%, Nepafenac of 0.1% and Ketorolac Tromethamine 0.4% in Intra-operative Mydriasis in Facetectomies [NCT00865540]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Active, not recruiting
Effect of Intracameral Phenylephrine/Ketorolac on Intraoperative Pain [NCT04829799]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-02-28	Withdrawn(stopped due to Per study team, the study will not proceed)
Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis With Ketorolac [NCT02885441]	Phase 4	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Terminated
Comparison of Teh TEMPEffect of Subgingival Irrigation Wif Ketorolac and Chlorhexidine in Patients Wif Chronic Periodontist. [NCT03836781]	Phase 2/Phase 3	2 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-10	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Topic Ketorolac to Treat Center Point Thickness Secondary to Panphotocoagulation in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy [NCT00907114]	Phase 2	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-06-30	Completed
Open-Label, Randomized, Single-Dose, Four-Treatment Crossover Study to Evaluate Platelet Function in Healthy Adult Males After Administration of IV Diclofenac Sodium, Oral Diclofenac Potasssium, IV Ketorolac Tromethamine, and Acetylsalicylic Acid [NCT00548678]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
A Pilot Study on the Use of Methoxyflurane (Penthrox®) for Pain Control in the Emergency Department [NCT04618497]	Phase 3	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-10-28	Completed
Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Prophylactic Nepafenac 0.1% and Ketorolac 0.5% Versus Placebo in Preventing Postoperative Macular Edema After Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Cataract Extraction (PNK) [NCT01395069]	Phase 4	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-02-28	Completed
Opioid-Free Pain Control Regimen Following Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05597878]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-18	Recruiting
Periarticular Injection and Hamstring Block Versus Placebo for Pain Control in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05248724]		44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-01	Completed
A Randomized Control Trial Evaluating Pain Outcomes of Ketorolac Administration in Children Undergoing Circumcision [NCT04646967]	Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-25	Recruiting
Acute Pain and Role of Ketolorac in Inflammatory Mediators After Knee Arthroscopy Evaluated by Microdialysis [NCT00774540]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-08-31	Completed
Effects of Ketorolac on Post-Operative Febrile Morbidity and Pain Management in Abdominal Myomectomy Patients [NCT00845754]		112 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1999-09-30	Completed
A Phase 1 Safety and Pharmacokinetics Study of Intranasal Ketorolac in Elderly and Nonelderly Adult Healthy Subjects [NCT01365624]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Single Blind RCT to Evaluate the Effect of Ketorolac in Upper Extremity Tendinopathy and Arthropathy [NCT05292339]	Phase 4	160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-31	Recruiting
Premedication Efficacy of Ketorolac Infiltration on Post Endodontic Pain [NCT02923687]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Completed
Triamcinolone Ketorolac (TriKe) Knee Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness and Possible Superiority of Ketorolac vs. Cortisone When Injected Intra-Articular in Subjects With Osteoarthrosis [NCT05336968]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-15	Enrolling by invitation
Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block in Scoliotic Adolescents Undergoing Posterior Spine Instrumentation . A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03968146]	Phase 2	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-18	Completed
Ketorolac Versus Ibuprofen for the Painful Crisis of Sickle Cell Disease - Southwestern Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center [NCT00115336]	Phase 4	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to Poor accrual)
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo- and Active-Comparator-Controlled, Single-Dose Study to Assess the Efficacy of KAI-1678 Administered by Subcutaneous Infusion for the Treatment of Postoperative Pain [NCT01015235]	Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Completed
The Interaction of Nociceptive Stimulation and Various Antinociceptive Modalities on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury [NCT01932918]		142 participants (Actual)	Observational	2011-01-31	Completed
Intravenous Ketorolac Administration to Attenuate Post-procedural Pain Associated With Intrauterine Device Placement: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial [NCT05875571]	Phase 4	18 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Dose Response of Ketorolac in Out-Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroscopy [NCT02181426]		112 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ketorolac in the Management of Post-Operative Pain After Heart Surgery [NCT00161577]	Phase 4	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-01-31	Completed
Ketorolac Verses Paracetamol as an Adjunct to Nalbuphine in Post Operative Pain Management in Elective Cardiac Surgery [NCT05361824]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-01	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine (SPRIX) as a Short Term Pain Management Tool for Adult Male Patients With Post-Vasectomy Pain [NCT02000388]	Phase 4	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Enrolling by invitation
Multimodal Pain Management After Robotic-Assisted Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy [NCT04429022]	Phase 3	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-24	Completed
Randomized Clinical Trial of Pregabalin for Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome [NCT03017430]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
A Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled, Equivalence Study Comparing Intra-articular Corticosteroid to Intra-articular Ketorolac Knee Injections [NCT02612272]	Phase 4	448 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Recruiting
Inflammatory Response to Trauma - Does Early Cytokine Modulation Improve Patient Outcome [NCT03671746]	Phase 1	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-02-28	Completed
Ultrasound Guided Sacroiliac Joint Injections With Ketorolac Versus Corticosteroid: A Prospective Non-inferiority Study [NCT06081101]	Early Phase 1	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
The Role of Prostaglandins in the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and the Therapeutic Efficacy of Topical Ketorolac (Acuvail) [NCT01609881]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Due to lack of funding)
The Effect of Intravenous Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Intravenous Corticosteroids on the Likelihood of Dysphagia and Dysphonia Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion [NCT04650893]	Phase 3	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-02	Recruiting
Ultrasound Guided Motor Sparing Knee Blocks With or Without Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia Following Knee Arthroplasty: a Randomized Double Blinded Study [NCT02540070]	Phase 3	135 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Recruiting
Preoperative Ketorolac for Intraoperative and Postoperative Pain Management in Scleral Buckling Surgery Under Retrobulbar Block Anesthesia: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study [NCT02729285]	Phase 4	73 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Ketorolac as an Adjuvant Agent for Postoperative Pain Control Following Arthroscopic Meniscus Surgery [NCT04246541]	Phase 3	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-23	Completed
A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Preoperative Topical Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs or Steroids Compared to Placebo With Regard to Clinical Outcomes Following Trabeculectomy. [NCT00707421]	Phase 3	62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
A Prospective Randomized Case Series Comparison on the Clinical Efficacy of Exparel Local Anesthetic in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients [NCT02765815]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Withdrawn(stopped due to competing protocol)
Atropine in Laparoscopic Gynaecological Surgery (The ALGOS Trial) A Randomised, Double Blind, Controlled Trial [NCT02769325]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Not yet recruiting
Pain Management in Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus: Prospective Randomized Study [NCT02867176]	Phase 4	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
Open Label Randomized Study for Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Ketorolac Tromethamine and Ketoprofen in Gel in Patients With Gonarthrosis and Low Back Pain [NCT02638831]	Phase 4	240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
Post Operative Pain and Expression of Substance P, IL8 After the Use of Ketorolac Irrigant Following Single Visit Root Canal Treatment [NCT04319549]		44 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-01	Not yet recruiting
Esketamine vs. Ketorolac for Prevention of Postoperative Pain and Cognitive Dysfunction After Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients: a Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial [NCT05132595]		160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-30	Recruiting
The Analgesic Efficacy of Adding Magnesium Sulfate Versus Ketorolac to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block (A Prospective- Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial) [NCT04554862]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-10-01	Completed
The Analgesic Effects of Morphine Versus Ketorolac in Renal Colic [NCT02782273]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Not yet recruiting
Opiate Free Multimodal Pain Pathway in Elective Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Prospective Study [NCT04771741]		72 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-12-01	Completed
Randomized, Double Blind, Double Dummy To Non-Inferiority Comparison Of Ketorolac Tromethamine Oral Drops Versus Naproxen For Moderate to Severe Back Pain Treatment [NCT01471899]	Phase 3	78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Parallel-Group, Active and Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of NTM-001 for the Treatment of Moderately Severe Postoperative Pain Following Bunionectomy [NCT05324358]	Phase 3	360 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-15	Recruiting
A Single Center, Prospective Randomized Double-blind Trial: Efficacy of Nefopam and Morphine in Balanced Analgesia for Acute Ureteric Colic [NCT01543165]	Phase 4	111 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Recruiting
Trigger Point Injection for Myofascial Pain Syndrome in the Low Back (T-PIMPS): A Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT04704297]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-28	Recruiting
A 3-Month Clinical Safety Comparison of Nevanac 0.1% to Acular LS 0.4% and Vehicle Following Cataract Surgery [NCT00332774]	Phase 3	149 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-02-28	Completed
Perioperative Ketorolac in High Risk Breast Cancer Patients With and Without Inflammation. A Prospective Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial. [NCT01806259]	Phase 3	203 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
Tobramycin 0.3% - Dexamethasone 0.1% Versus Tobramycin 0.3% - Dexamethasone 0.1% Plus Ketorolac Tromethamine 0.5% After Phacoemulsification Surgery. A Randomized Trial [NCT00992355]		97 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Randomized Controlled Trial on Effectiveness of Ketorolac and Tramadol in Not Compound Fractures of Child [NCT00560443]	Phase 4	133 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Comparative Randomized Controlled Trial Study of General Balanced Anesthesia Based on Opioid and Opioid Sparing Balanced Anesthesia for Cholecystectomy Surgery Via Laparoscopy: Intraoperative and Postoperative Outcomes [NCT02953210]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Enrolling by invitation
Comparing the Efficacy of Parecoxib and Ketorolac as Preemptive Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Posterior Lumbar Spinal Fusion [NCT01859585]	Phase 4	96 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Intranasal Desmopressin vs IV Ketorolac in Renal Colic Patients [NCT02937896]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Steroids And Laser Trabeculoplasty (SALT) Trial: Effect of Anti-Inflammatory Treatment on the Efficacy of SLT [NCT00981435]	Phase 4	97 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
Evaluation of Perioperative Usage of Ketorolac on Postoperative Pain Reduction in Pediatric Patients With Adenotonsillectom [NCT05074056]	Phase 4	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-08	Recruiting
A Comparison of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Inhibition of Acuvail, Xibrom and Nevanac in Patients Undergoing Phacoemulsification [NCT01021761]	Phase 4	126 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
"THINK Trial: Treatment of Headache With IntraNasal Ketamine: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy of Intranasal Ketamine Versus Standard Therapy in the Management of Primary Headache Syndromes in the Emergency Department" [NCT03081416]	Phase 3	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
A Randomized Trial Comparing the Combination of Intravenous Lidocaine and Ketorolac to Either Analgesics Alone for ED Patients With Acute Renal Colic [NCT02902770]	Phase 4	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Completed
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial for Pain Relief After Office Ureteral Stent Removal [NCT04112160]	Phase 2	125 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-06-28	Completed
A Randomized Double-blind Comparative Efficacy Trial of IV Acetaminophen Versus IV Ketorolac for Emergency Department Treatment of Generalized Headache [NCT03472872]	Phase 4	500 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-05	Terminated(stopped due to no longer recruiting or studying)
Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase IIB Trial of Ketorolac Mouth Rinse Evaluating the Effect of Cyclooxygenase Inhibition on Oropharyngeal Leukoplakia: Collaborative Study of the NCI, NIDCD and the NIDCR [NCT00001698]	Phase 2	57 participants	Interventional	1998-06-30	Completed
Randomized, Double-Blind, Active- and Placebo-Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Repeated Dosing of DIC075V Relative To Parenteral Ketorolac and Placebo in Patients With Acute Post-Op Pain After Abdominal or Pelvic Surgery [NCT00448110]	Phase 3	331 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-05-31	Completed
Double Masked Evaluation of Acular LS Versus Nevanac for Postoperative Pain Control in Eyes Undergoing PRK [NCT00347204]	Phase 4	40 participants	Interventional	2006-01-31	Completed
Postoperative Analgesia After Total Knee Arthroplasty. A Comparison of Continuous Epidural Infusion and Wound Infiltration With Continuous Intraarticular Infusion [NCT00421967]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to Interim analysis)
Betamethason Versus Ketorolac Injection for the Treatment of DeQuervains Tenosynovitis [NCT02604537]	Phase 4	64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-10-15	Active, not recruiting
Bromfenac 0.09% vs. Ketorolac 0.4% During the Induction Phase of Treatment With Topical Cyclosporine for Chronic Dry Eye Patients [NCT00520260]	Phase 4	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-08-31	Completed
Effect of Ketorolac Premedication on Anesthetic Efficiency of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block, Pre-Treatment and Post-Endodontic Pain in Teeth With Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Controlled Double Blinded Trial [NCT02940405]		38 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Ketorolac at Three Doses in Children With Acute Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05641363]	Phase 3	171 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-01	Recruiting
Application of the ICE-T Postoperative Multimodal Pain Regimen to Laparoscopic Hysterectomy [NCT04137770]		18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-04	Terminated(stopped due to lack of enrollment, change of OR policies due to COVID)
[NCT00595543]	Phase 4	166 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
Comparison Of Intraperitoneal Instillation Of Magnesium Sulphate and Bupivacaine Versus Intravenous Analgesia In Laparoscopic Surgeries In Pediatrics [NCT04651556]	Phase 4	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-04	Completed
A Prospective, Randomized, Pilot Study of Preoperative Anti-Inflammatory Therapy for Ureteral Stent Symptoms [NCT03638999]	Early Phase 1	36 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-07-31	Recruiting
A Randomized Trial Comparing Auricular Acupuncture and Intravenous Migraine Medications in the Treatment of Status Migrainosus in the Pediatric Emergency Department [NCT02681211]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Recruiting
The Analgesic Efficacy of Continuous Infusion of Ketorolac and Ropivacaine at the Wound Site Using ON-Q Pump for Postoperative Pain Management [NCT00638508]	Phase 4	67 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-06-30	Completed
Single-dose and Multi-dose Open-label Pilot Trial of the Analgesic Efficacy and Tolerability of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine (SPRIX®) in Dental Implant Surgery Patients With Postoperative Pain. [NCT01490931]	Phase 4	28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
Can Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine Prescribed Postoperatively After Major Female Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery Reduce Consumption of Prescribed Narcotics? [NCT04444830]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Study never opened to enrollment. Study never IRB approved.)
Randomized, Double Blind, Double Dummy To Non-Inferiority Comparison Of Ketorolac Tromethamine Versus Naproxen For Moderate to Severe Back Pain Treatment [NCT01471886]	Phase 3	83 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
Multimodal Narcotic Limited Perioperative Pain Control With Colorectal Surgery as Part of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol: A Randomized Prospective Single- Center Trial. [NCT02958566]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Pain-control Efficacy of Intra-articular Toradol Compared to Oral NSAIDs: A Pilot Study [NCT02966288]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to poor enrollment)
Aqueous Concentrations and PGE2 Inhibition of Ketorolac 0.4% vs. Bromfenac 0.09% in Cataract Patients [NCT00347503]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
[NCT00433225]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
"A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Trial Comparing 3 Doses of Intravenous Ketorolac for Pain Management in the Emergency Department" [NCT02078492]	Phase 4	240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
A Masked Comparison of Acular LS Plus Steroid Versus Steroid Alone for the Prevention of Macular Leakage in Cataract Patients [NCT00348244]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Intraoperative Lidocaine Infusion vs. Esmolol Infusion for Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: a Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT02327923]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Value of Intravenous Fluids in the Emergent Treatment of Pediatric Migraine [NCT06182098]		134 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-27	Recruiting
Evaluation of the Effects of Ketorolac 15mg IV Versus 30mg IV on Duration of Analgesia in Patients Who Present to the Emergency Department With Renal Colic [NCT05776953]	Phase 4	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-21	Recruiting
The Effect of Ketorolac on Posterior Thoracolumbar Spinal Fusions: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03278691]	Phase 4	600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-10-03	Recruiting
A Phase 1, Open Label, Multiple Dose Study to Determine the Tolerability, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Ketorolac Tromethamine by Intranasal Administration in Healthy Volunteers [NCT01363050]	Phase 1	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-01-31	Completed
Evaluation of Post-operative Pain and Expression of IL-8 Using Ketolac or Cryo-irrigation as a Final Flush in Single Visit Endodontic Treatment in Teeth With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis.Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT04733326]	Phase 1	39 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-01	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Post-operative Acetaminophen Versus Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Use on Lumbar Spinal Fusion Outcomes [NCT02700451]		178 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
Anti-inflammatory Therapy Following Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT): A Randomized, Masked, Placebo Controlled Study [NCT00485108]		120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
Determining the Role of Periarticular Multimodal Analgesia in Decreasing Perioperative Pain in Tibial Plateau Fractures [NCT05037812]	Early Phase 1	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-03-25	Active, not recruiting
A Pilot Study Comparing the Analgesic Efficacy of IV Ibuprofen and IV Ketorolac [NCT01514175]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Enrolling by invitation
A Pilot Study to Determine the Efficacy of Intravenous Ibuprofen for Pain Control Following Arthroscopic Knee Surgery [NCT01650519]	Phase 4	51 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Completed
A Phase 2, Double-blind, Randomized Study of the Safety, Tolerability and Analgesic Efficacy of Multiple Doses of Ketorolac Tromethamine Administered Intranasally for Postoperative Pain [NCT01351090]	Phase 2	127 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized Double Blinded Study Comparing Use of Prochlorperazine Versus Prochlorperazine and Ketorolac in the Treatment of Pediatric Migraine in the Emergency Department [NCT01534806]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Drug is backordered;)
A Randomized, Masked Comparison of Topical Ketorolac 0,4% Versus Placebo in Cataract Surgery. [NCT01542190]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-02-28	Completed
MAST Trial: Multi-modal Analgesic Strategies in Trauma [NCT03472469]	Phase 4	1,561 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-02	Completed
The Effectiveness of Bupivicaine Infusion Versus Intravenous Ketorolac for Postoperative Analgesia After Iliac Crest Bone Harvesting for Lefort I Osteotomy or Alveolar Cleft Repair. [NCT00405262]	Phase 3	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-05-31	Completed
Ketorolac for Intravenous Regional Analgesia in Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgeries Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Control Study [NCT05543785]		76 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-01	Recruiting
Sublingual Analgesia for Acute Abdominal Pain in Children. Ketorolac Versus Tramadol Versus Paracetamol, a Randomized, Control Trial [NCT02465255]	Phase 3	210 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Nepafenac 0.1% Eye Drops, Suspension Compared to Ketorolac Trometamol 0.5% Eye Drops, Solution and Placebo (Nepafenac Vehicle) for the Prevention and Treatment of Ocular Inflammation and Ocular Pain Associated With Cataract Surgery: European Study [NCT00405730]	Phase 3	227 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-11-30	Completed
[NCT00407017]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized Placebo-controlled Evaluation of GTPase Inhibition by Post-operative Intravenous Ketorolac in Ovarian Cancer Patients [NCT02470299]		21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-29	Active, not recruiting
Efficacy of Combination Therapy With Intravenous Ketorolac and Metoclopramide for Pediatric Migraine Therapy in the Emergency Department [NCT01596166]	Phase 4	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Completed
Intravenous Ketorolac Vs. Morphine In Children Presenting With Suspected Appendicitis: A Pilot Single Center Non Inferiority Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT04528563]	Phase 3	105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-05	Completed
IIT2021-16-Hendifar-KetoROCX: A Feasibility Study of Ketorolac Treatment for Cachexia in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma [NCT05336266]	Early Phase 1	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-01	Recruiting
Ketamine v. Ketorolac for Management of Generalized Tension Type Headache [NCT03221569]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-02-01	Recruiting
Paracervical Block With Ketorolac and Lidocaine in First Trimester Surgical Abortions [NCT00617097]	Phase 2/Phase 3	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
[NCT00791323]	Phase 4	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Nitrous Oxide for Pain Management During In-office Transcervical Sterilization [NCT02312739]		72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Comparing Pain Outcomes of Intra-operative IV Tylenol and/or IV Toradol Administration for Carpal Tunnel Release and Distal Radius Fracture Surgeries [NCT02313675]	Phase 4	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
Evaluation of Paracetamol as Post-operative Analgetic Modality Compared With Ketorolac [NCT05523102]	Phase 4	85 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-03-31	Completed
A Pilot Study Evaluating Pain Outcomes of Ketorolac Administration in Children Undergoing Circumcision [NCT02973958]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-01	Completed
Evaluating Post-operative Pain Management Efficacy of Intra Nasal Ketorolac in Ambulatory Urological Surgeries-A Randomized Double-blinded Placebo Controlled Study [NCT01736358]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to Interim analysis showed futility of primary endpoint)
Does Single Injection Adductor Canal Block Improve Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Receiving Periarticular Local Anesthesia Injections for Total Knee Arthroplasty? [NCT02276495]		55 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-26	Active, not recruiting
Comparison of Intramuscular Ketorolac at Two Single-Dose Regimens for Treatment of Acute Musculoskeletal Pain in a Military Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial [NCT04763876]	Phase 4	110 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-27	Completed
A Single Arm, Open Label Study to Compare the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of SPRIX (Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine) in 12 to 17 Year Old Patients vs. Adult Patients (18-64 Years) Undergoing Open Surgical Procedures [NCT01819610]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
Topical Application of ACULAR a Randomized, Vehicle Controlled Clinical Trial: Efficiency in Inhibiting Proliferative Retinopathy of Prematurity [NCT00634972]	Phase 4	83 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-11-30	Terminated(stopped due to The study could not be completed as the company producing this product interrupted their supply of this medication)
Intravenous Ibuprofen Versus Ketorolac for Perioperative Pain Control After Open Hysterectomy: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05610384]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-11-20	Completed
Prospective Randomized Study Comparing Suprainguinal Fascia Iliaca Block vs. Pericapsular Nerve Group Block vs. Local Anesthetic Infiltration vs. Spinal Anesthetic Without Adjuncts for Pain Control Following Total Hip Arthroplasty [NCT05062356]	Phase 1	240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-04	Recruiting
Modified Thoracoabdominal Nerves Block Through Perichondrial Approach: a New Strategy With a Wide Range of Utilization in Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgeries. [NCT06039423]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-07-02	Completed
Postoperative Analgesia After Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Comparison of Continuous Epidural Infusion and Wound Infiltration With Intraarticular Bolus Injection. [NCT00289419]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-02-28	Completed
A Randomized, Parallel-Group, Double-Blind, Single-Dose Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Lornoxicam (8 mg and 16 mg) Compared to Intravenous Placebo and Ketorolac 30 mg in Management of Acute Postoperative Pain Following Orthopedic [NCT00293631]	Phase 2	100 participants	Interventional	2005-11-30	Completed
A Phase 3, Double-Blind, Randomized Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Analgesic Efficacy of Multiple Doses of Ketorolac Tromethamine Administered Intranasally for Postoperative Pain Following Major Abdominal Surgery [NCT00266786]	Phase 3	321 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Completed
A Comparison of Topical Nepafenac to Placebo in Corneal Epithelial Healing Times and Postoperative Pain Relief of Patients Status Post-Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Double-Masked Randomized Prospective Study [NCT00330798]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-02-28	Completed
Effect of Prophylactic NSAID Drops on Cystoid Macular Edema After Cataract Surgery Using Optical Coherence Tomography [NCT00335439]		98 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Completed
Acular LS vs. Nevanac in Post op Inflammation Following Cataract Surgery [NCT00348582]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
KITS Study -Ketorolac In Tonsillectomy Surgery: a Double Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT01498796]	Phase 2	121 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Terminated(stopped due to PI no longer at institution)
Continuous Infusion Versus Intermittent Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain Control in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients [NCT04040452]	Phase 4	166 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Recruiting
Psoas Compartment Block Versus Periarticular Local Anesthetic Infiltration for Pain Management for Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized Study [NCT02658149]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
Efficacy of Intraoperative Injections on Postoperative Pain Control During Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Blinded, Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03119038]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to Investigator no longer actively pursuing this study.)
Intravenous Ibuprofen Versus Ketorolac for Perioperative Pain Control in Morbid Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05801900]		116 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-30	Not yet recruiting
"NSAIDs vs. Opiates: Which is More Effective in Managing Pain in Mild to Moderate Acute Pancreatitis? A Randomized Controlled Trial" [NCT05756504]	Early Phase 1	130 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-02-22	Recruiting
The Efficacy of Continuous Intravenous Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: a Double Blinded Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial [NCT00765128]	Phase 4	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-10-31	Completed
Open Label Study to Assess the Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine Following Multiple Doses of Fluticasone Propionate in Healthy Subjects [NCT01365611]	Phase 1	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-02-28	Completed
Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Ultrasound-guided Bilateral Rectus Sheath Block for Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery [NCT02476799]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
A Study of the Pharmacokinetics of Ketorolac Tromethamine Administered Intranasally (IN) for Postoperative Pain in Children Aged 12 Through 17 Years [NCT01363076]	Phase 1	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-06-30	Completed
[NCT01761071]	Phase 3	94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
Improving Pain Management and Long Term Outcomes Following High Energy Orthopedic Trauma (Pain Study) [NCT01789216]	Phase 3	450 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-07-31	Completed
Artificial Tears Versus Preservative Free Ketorolac Trometamol 0.45% for Treatment of Acute Viral Conjunctivitis [NCT01799863]	Phase 2/Phase 3	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
Protein Profile of Immunoregulatory Factors in Diabetic Cataract [NCT01832311]	Phase 4	61 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Comparison of a Pain Pump Versus Injectable Medication for Analgesia in Knee Arthroscopy [NCT01242644]	Phase 2	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-10-31	Completed
A Phase 1, Double-blind, 4-way Crossover Study of the Tolerability, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of 4 Formulations of Ketorolac Tromethamine by Intranasal Administration in Healthy Volunteers [NCT01355588]	Phase 1	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-08-31	Completed
Open Label, Three-Way Study to Assess the Absorption and Tolerability of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine and to Assess the Effects of a Single Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride and Multiple Doses of Fluticasone Propionate on the Absorption and Tolerab [NCT01365650]	Phase 1	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-12-31	Completed
Intramuscular Ketorolac Versus Oral Ibuprofen for Pain Relief in First Trimester Suction Curettage: a Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT01595282]		94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Continuous Posterior Lumbar Plexus Nerve Block vs Periarticular Injection With Ropivacaine or Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel®) on Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty [NCT02242201]	Phase 4	165 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Completed
Preeclampsia And Nonsteroidal Drugs for Analgesia (PANDA): a Randomized Non Inferiority Trial [NCT03978767]	Phase 2	286 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-10	Recruiting
The Impact of the Continuous Infusion of Intraperitoneal Analgesics on Postoperative Pain After Minimally Invasive Hysterectomy: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04130464]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-30	Recruiting
NSAID Use After Robotic Partial Nephrectomy (No-PAIN): a Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT05842044]	Phase 2	110 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-15	Recruiting
A Pilot Trial to Study the Availability and Effect of Post-OP IV Ketorolac on Ovarian, Fallopian Tube or Primary Peritoneal Cancer, Cells Retrieved From the Peritoneal Cavity [NCT01670799]	Early Phase 1	29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
Efficacy of Pethidine, Ketorolac And Xylocaine Gel As Analgesics For Pain Control In Shockwave Lithotripsy Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03032458]	Phase 4	165 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Completed
A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Effects of Subacromial Injection With Corticosteroid Versus NSAID in Patients With Shoulder Impingement Syndrome [NCT01449448]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2000-09-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to PI didn't have time to finish approval process)
Impact of IV Acetaminophen on Post-operative Pain After Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Perforated Appendicitis: A Prospective Randomized Trial [NCT02881996]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
Low Dose Ketamine Infusion for Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Chronic Pain Patients [NCT04322968]	Phase 3	41 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-09	Completed
Multimodal Pain Management for Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Control Trial [NCT02922985]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Completed
Ketorolac in Postoperative Infants: Pharmacokinetics and Safety [NCT01260883]	Phase 3	77 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2000-05-31	Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Phase II/III Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of a Fixed Combination of Ketorolac / Pitofenone / Fenpiverinium Compared to Active Control in Patients With Pain After Surgical Abdominal and Pelvic Ope [NCT05607641]	Phase 2/Phase 3	424 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-07	Completed
A Phase 1, Open-label Pharmacokinetic Study of Intravenous NTM-001 (A Novel Formulation of Ketorolac Tromethamine Applied by Continuous Intravenous Infusion From A Pre-Mixed Bag) in Healthy Chinese Subjects [NCT05382546]	Phase 1	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-05-23	Completed
Perioperative Pain Management for Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Pilot Non-Inferiority Trial [NCT05908851]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Not yet recruiting
A Double-Masked, Randomized, Single-Center Study Evaluating the Effect of 0.30% Ketorolac/0.80% HPMC, 0.80% HPMC and Vehicle on Symptoms of Dry Eye After Exposure to the Controlled Adverse Environment (CAE) [NCT03693183]	Phase 2	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to Study terminated by Sponsor)
Traditional vs. Nonopioid Analgesia After Labral Surgery [NCT03825809]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-01-22	Recruiting
Local Infiltration Analgesia for Total Knee Arthroplasty: Should Ketorolac be Added [NCT00868348]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-05-31	Completed
Pain Control for Intrauterine Device Placement: A Randomized, Double Blind Control Trial of Ketorolac Prior to Intrauterine Device Placement. [NCT01664559]		67 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Dosing of Ketorolac for Four Classes of Complaints in the Emergency Department [NCT03464461]	Phase 4	500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-05-01	Active, not recruiting
Prospective Randomized Study Evaluating the Effect of Postoperative Ketorolac on Bone Healing and Opioid Consumption After First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion [NCT04872283]	Phase 3	140 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-23	Enrolling by invitation
A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial of Two Periarticular Multimodal Drug Injections in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty [NCT02543801]	Phase 4	239 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-25	Completed
Intra-arterial Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block for Patients With Refractory Headache [NCT04353505]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-10-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to PI closed the study before any enrollment)
A Randomized Study of the Effects of Perioperative i.v. Ketorolac-lidocaine on the Hemodynamic Response in the Patients With Valvular Heart Diseases During Cesarean Delivery [NCT01571791]	Phase 2	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Suspended(stopped due to No enough recruited cases)
Ketorolac as an Adjuvant Agent for Postoperative Pain Control Following Arthroscopic ACL Surgery [NCT04246554]	Phase 3	49 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-21	Completed
Intrathecal Ketorolac in Patients With Intrathecal Morphine Dose Escalation [NCT00349401]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-12-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Study was not initiated. No subjects were screened or enrolled.)
Postoperative Pain Alleviation in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery; Presternal Bupivacaine and Magnesium Infiltration Versus Conventional Intravenous Analgesia [NCT03106818]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Completed
Post-Op Pain Control for Prophylactic Intramedullary Nailing. [NCT03823534]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-02-20	Recruiting
Effectiveness of Oral Premedication on the Success Rate of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Prospective, Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05097768]		250 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-15	Completed
Opioid-Free Pain Control Regiment Following Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04939987]	Phase 2/Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-08-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to PI left institution and study was not transferred to new PI)
The Effect of Prophylactic Ketorolac on Sore Throat After Thyroid Surgery [NCT02039427]		192 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Does Ketorolac Delay Bone Healing and Improve Post-operative Pain?: A Prospective Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT01133639]		18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-05-31	Terminated(stopped due to PI no longer with the institution, funding issues, poor accrual)
Relieving Acute Pain (RAP): A Pilot Study [NCT03426137]	Phase 2	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-17	Terminated(stopped due to The focus of the project has shifted to publishing a protocol for future trials because we were unable to recruit. Three participants signed the consent forms but withdrew before the randomization.)
Pain Treatment After Joint Surgery With a Combination of Aspirin, Ketorolac, and Celecoxib. [NCT05994287]		105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-01	Completed
Phase I Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Tolerability of the Ophthalmic Solution PRO-156 Over the Ocular Surface of Ophthalmologically Healthy Volunteers. [NCT01871077]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Completed
Human Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation: Sex, Mechanism, and Stress Differences [NCT04265053]	Early Phase 1	144 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-12	Recruiting
Prospective Comparison of Epinephrine and Phenylephrine/Ketorolac (Omidria®) Additives With Regards to Intraoperative Pupil Size [NCT02895035]	Phase 4	59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-01	Terminated(stopped due to Data analysis was never performed by sub-investigator)
Synergistic Pharmacologic Intervention for Prevention of ROP (SPIPROP STUDY) [NCT02344225]	Phase 2	14 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-01	Completed
NSAID Injection Versus Corticosteroid Injection for Basilar Thumb Arthritis: A Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT05992883]	Phase 3	240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-28	Recruiting
Initial Pain Management in Pediatric Pancreatitis: Opioid vs. Non-Opioid [NCT04291599]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-15	Recruiting
Narcotic-Free Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy [NCT05924165]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-19	Recruiting
Low Dose Versus Normal Dose Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain After Prostatectomy and Hysterectomy: a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Non-inferiority Trial [NCT05206110]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-21	Recruiting
Use of Perioperative Ketorolac in Breast Surgery to Reduce Post Operative Pain and Opioid Use [NCT04439396]	Phase 1	183 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-22	Completed
Oral Ketorolac for Pain Relief During IUD Insertion: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03031795]	Phase 4	71 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Enhanced Recovery at Cesarean Birth to Improve Postoperative Outcomes and Reduce Postoperative Length of Stay [NCT02956616]	Phase 2	118 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-01	Completed
[NCT00377546]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Evaluating Pain Outcomes of Caudal vs Ilioinguinal Nerve Block in Children Undergoing Orchiopexy Repair [NCT03041935]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-01	Completed
The Effect of Saphenous Nerve and Obturator Nerve Block Combined With Systemic High Dose Glucocorticoid Versus Local Infiltration Analgesia Combined With a Systemic High Dose Glucocorticoid on Opioid Consumption and Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT02374008]	Phase 4	74 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketorolac/ Midazolam on Perioperative Outcome During Retinal Surgery. [NCT03143244]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-01	Completed
IV Valproate for Acute Migraine. A Randomized Comparison Versus IV Metoclopramide and IV Ketorolac [NCT01267864]	Phase 4	330 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Completed
Continuous Infusion Versus Bolus Dosing for Pain Control After Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery [NCT02112448]		78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
Multimodal Postoperative Analgesia Using Accufuser for Multilevel Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) [NCT04483427]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-20	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetics of Anesthetics and Analgesics in Children and Adolescent [NCT03427736]		460 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2018-12-13	Recruiting
Topical Lidocaine Gel With and Without Subconjunctival Lidocaine Injection for Intravitreal Injection: a Within-patient Study [NCT01640171]		57 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Gonyautoxins Local Periarticular Injection for Pain Management After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double Blind Randomized Study [NCT03025594]	Phase 3	64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Recruiting
A Double-blinded, Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing Dexamethasone Versus Ketorolac Injection for the Treatment of Local Inflammatory Hand and Upper Extremity Disorders [NCT02266433]	Phase 3	245 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-08-31	Terminated(stopped due to due to PI's change to private practice)
Multimodal Opioid-free Anesthesia Versus Opioid-based Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04648540]	Early Phase 1	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-01	Completed
A Randomized Prospective Double Masked Controlled Trial Comparing Ketorolac Tromethamine 0.4% and Prednisolone Acetate 1% in Reducing Post-selective Laser Trabeculoplasty Anterior Chamber Flare and Cells. [NCT00478036]		31 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-05-31	Terminated(stopped due to insufficient enrollment)
INflammatory MediatorS in the PathophysIology of Diabetic REtinopathy (INSPIRE) Study [NCT04505566]	Phase 1	264 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-09	Recruiting
Effect of Intrathecal Ketorolac on Mechanical Hypersensitivity Following Acute Opioid Exposure [NCT00693160]	Phase 2	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to the manufacturing of preservative free ketorolac (Acular-PF) was discontinued)
The Efficacy of Continuous Intravenous Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain in Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy: a Double Blinded Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial. [NCT00765232]	Phase 4	111 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-10-31	Completed
Do Intraoperative Periarticular Injections Improve Postoperative Pain Control in Patients Receiving Duramorph (Preservative Free) During Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02570503]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to Study's primary aims are no longer clinically impactful, as intrathecal morphine has fallen out of favor and replaced with different agents so that outpatient/23 hr surgery is more predictably achievable.)
A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Study to Determine the Efficacy of Intravenous Ibuprofen Compared to Intravenous Ketorolac for Pain Control Following Arthroscopic Knee Surgery [NCT01901393]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-07-31	Completed
Effects of Pre-emptive Scalp Infiltration With Low-dose Ketorolac and Ropivacaine for Postoperative Pain Relief After Elective Supratentorial Craniotomy (PAINLESS): a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial [NCT04380298]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-01	Not yet recruiting
[NCT01836406]		16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Completed
A Prospective Evaluation of an Anesthesia Protocol to Reduce Post-operative and Post-discharge Nausea and Vomiting in a High Risk Orthognathic Surgery Population [NCT01592708]		233 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
Increased Ketorolac Administration After Cesarean Section and Its Effect on Opioid Use: a Randomized Control Trial [NCT03678675]	Phase 3	148 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-30	Completed
A Comparison of Post Phacoemulsification Aqueous Flare in Patients Using Ketorolac 0.45% BID and Bromfenac 0.09% BID [NCT01023724]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
A Comparison of Peak Aqueous Penetration of Acuvail, Xibrom, and Nevanac in Patients Undergoing Phacoemulsification [NCT01001806]	Phase 4	126 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
A Prospective Randomized Double Blind Trial of the Efficacy of a Bilateral Lumbar Erector Spinae Block on the 24h Morphine Consumption After Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery. [NCT03825198]	Phase 3	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-08-01	Recruiting
Contributions of Nitric Oxide Synthase, Cyclooxygenase, and Reactive Oxygen Species to Regional Cerebrovascular Control During Hypoxia and Hypercapnia [NCT03066115]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to This study was never funded, never fully IRB approved, and thus never enrolled anyone.)
Pain Outcomes of Non-opioid Analgesia After Ureteroscopy or Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Nephrolithiasis: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT03584373]	Phase 3	119 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-27	Completed
Efficacy of a Peri-Operative Surgical-Site, Multimodal Drug Injection in Pediatric Patients With Cerebral Palsy Undergoing Hip Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04074265]	Phase 4	34 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-01	Completed
A Prospective, Open-label, Nonrandomized Efficacy and Safety Trial of Intranasal Ketorolac in Emergency Department Patients for the Treatment of Acute Pain [NCT01471639]		37 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
[NCT00521456]	Phase 3	263 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
[NCT00524264]	Phase 3	248 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
Ketorolac for Analgesia followiNG Autologous Breast RecOnstructiOn [NCT03007381]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to No funding.)
Effect of Intrathecal Ketorolac on Mechanical Hypersensitivity After Total Hip Arthroplasty [NCT00621530]	Phase 2	62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to Terminated due to discontinuation of Acular PF (investigational medication))
A Brain Imaging Study of Opioid (Morphine) and Non-opioid (Ketorolac) Conditioning Effects [NCT01576276]		51 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-04-30	Completed
A Randomized Double-blinded Study to Evaluate Preincisional Dextromethorphan in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty and Its Effect on Postoperative Opioid Use [NCT02987920]	Phase 4	23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to The surgeon changed pain control protocol for all patients. Continued enrollment impossible under approved protocol.)
The Efficiency of Periarticular Multimodal Drug Injection in Pain Management Following Primary Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06112548]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Not yet recruiting
The ESCRS EPICAT Study: Effectiveness of Periocular Drug Injection in CATaract Surgery [NCT05158699]	Phase 3	808 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-10-13	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study of Ketorolac Use in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Tonsillectomy [NCT03453541]	Phase 4	600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-11-21	Recruiting
A Comparison of NSAIDs for Acute, Non-radicular Low Back Pain. A Randomized Trial [NCT03861611]	Phase 4	198 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-12	Completed
Wound Infiltration With Ketorolac Versus Lidocaine for Postoperative Analgesia After Total Abdominal Hysterectomy: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Study. [NCT03394001]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Active, not recruiting
Magnesium Sulfate Improves Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgeries: a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT02508857]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Completed
Comparison of Ketorolac Nasal Spray to Sumatriptan Nasal Spray and Placebo for Acute Treatment of Migraine (The KSPN Migraine Study) [NCT01807234]	Phase 4	72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Trial	Outcome
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Dyspepsia
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Total Parenteral Opioid Usage
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Time to a 50% Reduction in Reported Pain Intensity
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Occurrence of Azotemia
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Hematuria
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Duration of Hospitalization
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Bleeding
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Gastrointestinal Ulceration
NCT00115336 (9) [back to overview]	Fluid Retention
NCT00478036 (1) [back to overview]	Interocular Pressure
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (International Headache Society Grade of 0 = no Pain) by Observation Time Point.
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point
NCT00483717 (8) [back to overview]	The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Differences (PID) Over Time
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 120 Hours
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 24 Hours
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 48 Hours
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 72 Hours
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 96 Hours
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Time From Administration of Study Drug to Administration of Rescue Medication
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Time to Meaningful Relief
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Time to Perceptible Relief
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Differences (PID) Over Time
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Number of Participants According to Frequency of Use of Rescue Medication
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Cumulative Amount of Rescue Medication
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR)
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Attaining Greater Than or Equal to (>=) 30 Percent (%) Reduction From Baseline in Pain Intensity
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Participant Global Evaluation Over Time
NCT00507026 (16) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Pain Relief Values Over the Time
NCT00521456 (4) [back to overview]	Mean Pupil Area
NCT00521456 (4) [back to overview]	Resolution of Post Operative Inflammation
NCT00521456 (4) [back to overview]	Visual Acuity
NCT00521456 (4) [back to overview]	Ocular Pain
NCT00524264 (4) [back to overview]	Resolution of Post Operative Inflammation
NCT00524264 (4) [back to overview]	Ocular Pain
NCT00524264 (4) [back to overview]	Mean Pupil Area
NCT00524264 (4) [back to overview]	Visual Acuity
NCT00562627 (3) [back to overview]	Opioid Use
NCT00562627 (3) [back to overview]	Pain at Rest (VAS)
NCT00562627 (3) [back to overview]	Time to Readiness for Discharge
NCT00617097 (4) [back to overview]	Level of Pain During Specific Time Intervals Throughout D&C Procedure.
NCT00617097 (4) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale Regarding Satisfaction Level
NCT00617097 (4) [back to overview]	Reported Symptoms
NCT00617097 (4) [back to overview]	Complications
NCT00621530 (5) [back to overview]	Present Pain Intensity
NCT00621530 (5) [back to overview]	Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory
NCT00621530 (5) [back to overview]	McGill Pain Intensity
NCT00621530 (5) [back to overview]	McGill Affective Pain
NCT00621530 (5) [back to overview]	Area of Hypersensitivity to Mechanical Stimuli Surrounding the Wound 48 Hours After Surgery
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	PATIENT SATISFACTION
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	NAUSEA
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	NAUSEA
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Morphine Equivalents Utilization
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Morphine Equivalents
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Morphine Equivalents
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	DROWSINESS
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	DROWSINESS
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	PATIENT SATISFACTION
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain Scores on Movement
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain Scores on Coughing
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain Scores on Coughing
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain Scores at Rest
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain Scores at Rest
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain Score on Coughing
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain Score at Rest
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain on Movement
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	Pain on Movement
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	VOMITING
NCT00638508 (20) [back to overview]	VOMITING
NCT00693160 (2) [back to overview]	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Concentration
NCT00693160 (2) [back to overview]	Hyperalgesia
NCT00765128 (2) [back to overview]	Pain 'Right Now'
NCT00765128 (2) [back to overview]	Morphine Equivalents of Concomitant Pain Medication
NCT00765232 (2) [back to overview]	Pain 'Right Now'
NCT00765232 (2) [back to overview]	Morphine Equivalents of Concomitant Pain Medication
NCT00791323 (1) [back to overview]	Mean Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Aqueous Humor Levels
NCT00868348 (6) [back to overview]	Time to First i.v. Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) Morphine Request
NCT00868348 (6) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Scores During Walking
NCT00868348 (6) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity During Daily Activity
NCT00868348 (6) [back to overview]	Morphine Consumption
NCT00868348 (6) [back to overview]	Length of Hospital Stay
NCT00868348 (6) [back to overview]	Home Readiness
NCT00901628 (6) [back to overview]	Intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia(PCA) Consumption During 24 Hours After Surgery
NCT00901628 (6) [back to overview]	Maximal Flexion Angle Degree on Postoperative 7 Day
NCT00901628 (6) [back to overview]	Pain( Visual Analog Scale )
NCT00901628 (6) [back to overview]	Participant Number of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting During 24 Hours After Surgery
NCT00901628 (6) [back to overview]	the Proportion of Patients Who Were Satisfied With the Pain Management
NCT00901628 (6) [back to overview]	The Proportion of Patients Who Could Raise Leg With Replaced Knee Extended
NCT00981435 (2) [back to overview]	Intraocular Inflammation
NCT00981435 (2) [back to overview]	Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Change
NCT01001806 (1) [back to overview]	Peak Aqueous Penetration
NCT01011673 (2) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Score
NCT01011673 (2) [back to overview]	Satisfaction Scores
NCT01021761 (1) [back to overview]	Aqueous PGE2 Inhibition
NCT01023724 (1) [back to overview]	Anterior Chamber Inflammation (Flare)
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Narcotic Pills and Morphine Sulfate Used
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scale
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Narcotic Pills and Morphine Sulfate Used
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Narcotic Pills and Morphine Sulfate Used
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Narcotic Pills and Morphine Sulfate Used
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scale
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scale
NCT01242644 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Score 8 Hours Post-operativley
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Peripheral Volume of Distribution for S- and R+ Ketorolac in 2-6 Month Old Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Percent Time With Room Air Oximetry Saturations Under 90% in 2-6 Month Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Morphine Use in 2-6 Month Old Infants Given Ketorolac or Placebo Following Surgery
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Ketorolac Stereo-isomer Volume of Distribution Peripheral in 6-18 Month Old Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Half-life of S- and R+ Ketorolac in 2-6 Month Old Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Half-life of Ketorolac Stereo-isomers in 6-18 Month Old Infants After Surgery
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Clearance of S-ketorolac and R+ Ketorolac in 2-6 Month Old Infants Following Surgery
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Clearance of S- and R+ Ketorolac in 6-18 Month Old Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Central Volume of Distribution for S- and R+ Ketorolac in 2-6 Month Old Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Oximetry Saturation Under 90% After Ketorolac or Placebo Infusion in 6-18 Month Old Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Volume of Distribution for Ketorolac Isomers in 6-18 Month Old Infants
NCT01260883 (12) [back to overview]	Total Morphine Use in 6-18 Month Old Infants After Ketorolac or Placebo Intravenous Infusion After Surgery
NCT01267864 (4) [back to overview]	Adverse Event
NCT01267864 (4) [back to overview]	Satisfaction With Medication
NCT01267864 (4) [back to overview]	Headache Pain Level on a 0-10 Verbal Scale
NCT01267864 (4) [back to overview]	Participants Who Achieve Sustained Headache Freedom for 24 Hours
NCT01345162 (1) [back to overview]	Analgesic Efficacy
NCT01351090 (4) [back to overview]	Total MS Use in Milligrams by PCA From 24 Hours After the Start of Dosing Through 48 Hours
NCT01351090 (4) [back to overview]	Total MS Use in Milligrams by PCA From the Start of Dosing Through 48 Hours
NCT01351090 (4) [back to overview]	Total Morphine Sulfate (MS) Use in Milligrams by Patient-controlled Analgesia (PCA) Through 24 Hours
NCT01351090 (4) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Difference (PID) Scores
NCT01355588 (4) [back to overview]	Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Profile From Time Zero to Infinity (AUC 0-∞)
NCT01355588 (4) [back to overview]	Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax)
NCT01355588 (4) [back to overview]	Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
NCT01355588 (4) [back to overview]	Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Profile From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Post-dose (AUC 0-t)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	Tmin,ss (the Time to Minimum Concentration at Steady State)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	Tmax,ss (the Time to Maximum Concentration at Steady State)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	Tmax (the Time to Maximum Concentration)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	MRT (the Mean Residence Time
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	Cmin,ss (the Minimum Observed Plasma Concentration at Steady State)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	Cmax,ss (the Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration at Steady State)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	Cmax (the Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	AUCτ (the Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve Over the Dosing Interval at Steady-state)
NCT01363050 (9) [back to overview]	AUC 0-8h (the Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time 0 to 8 Hours Post-dose)
NCT01363076 (7) [back to overview]	AUC 0-24 (the AUC From Time Zero to 24 Hours Post-dose
NCT01363076 (7) [back to overview]	AUCinf (the AUC Time From Zero to Infinity, Where Possible)
NCT01363076 (7) [back to overview]	AUClast (the Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC) From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Timepoint Post-dose)
NCT01363076 (7) [back to overview]	MRT (Mean Residence Time)
NCT01363076 (7) [back to overview]	Cmax (the Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration)
NCT01363076 (7) [back to overview]	Tmax (The Time to Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration; ie. The Time at Which Cmax Occured)
NCT01363076 (7) [back to overview]	t1/2 (the Terminal Half-life, Where Possible)
NCT01365611 (6) [back to overview]	MRT (the Mean Residence Time of Ketorolac Tromethamine, Where Possible)
NCT01365611 (6) [back to overview]	t1/2z (the Terminal Half-life of Ketorolac Tromethamine, Where Possible)
NCT01365611 (6) [back to overview]	Tmax (the Time to Maximum Concentration of Ketorolac Tromethamine)
NCT01365611 (6) [back to overview]	AUC 0-t (the Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC) From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Time Point Post-dose of Ketorolac Tromethamine).
NCT01365611 (6) [back to overview]	AUC Inf (the AUC From Time Zero to Infinity, Where Possible)
NCT01365611 (6) [back to overview]	Cmax (the Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration of Ketorolac Tromethamine)
NCT01365624 (6) [back to overview]	t1/2z (Terminal Half-life)
NCT01365624 (6) [back to overview]	Cmax (Maximum Plasma Concentration)
NCT01365624 (6) [back to overview]	Tmax (Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration)
NCT01365624 (6) [back to overview]	AUC (Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Profile From Time 0 to Infinity
NCT01365624 (6) [back to overview]	MRT (Mean Residence Time)
NCT01365624 (6) [back to overview]	AUClast (Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Profile From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Time Point Post-dose
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]	t1/2z (the Terminal Half-life, Where Possible)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]	Tmax (the Time to Maximum Concentration)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]	AUC 0-∞ (the AUC From Time Zero to Infinity, Where Possible)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]	AUC 0-t (the Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC) From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Time Point Post-dose)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]	Cmax (the Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]	MRT (the Mean Residence Time)
NCT01471639 (1) [back to overview]	Efficacy of Intranasal Ketorolac on Numeric Pain Scale
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 3 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 5 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 6 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 90 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Median Onset of Meaningful Pain Relief
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Most Frequent Number of Days of Analgesic Dosing in Dental Implant Surgery Patients When Employing Intranasal Ketorolac as Their Pain Medication.
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects Who Reach a Level of at Least Moderate Pain by Achieving a Score of at Least 40 mm on a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale Within 5 Hours After the Completion of Surgery.
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	The Median Onset of First Perceptible Pain Relief of Intranasal Ketorolac in Dental Implant Surgery Patients
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 2 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 20 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period.
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 60 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 4 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period
NCT01490931 (13) [back to overview]	Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 40 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period.
NCT01576276 (2) [back to overview]	Pain Ratings
NCT01576276 (2) [back to overview]	fMRI Signal Changes
NCT01592708 (5) [back to overview]	Post-operative Nausea
NCT01592708 (5) [back to overview]	Post-operative Vomiting
NCT01592708 (5) [back to overview]	Post-discharge Vomiting
NCT01592708 (5) [back to overview]	Post-discharge Nausea
NCT01592708 (5) [back to overview]	Hospital Length of Stay
NCT01595282 (3) [back to overview]	Pain Scores Immediately After Cervical Dilation
NCT01595282 (3) [back to overview]	Pain Scores 15 Minutes Post-procedure
NCT01595282 (3) [back to overview]	Immediate Post-procedure Pain Score
NCT01640171 (3) [back to overview]	Likert Like Pain Scale Number of Participants Who Said the Topical Eye Hurt Much More Than the Subconjunctival Eye at Time of Intravitreal Injection
NCT01640171 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Preferred Subconjunctival Anesthetic at the Third Follow-up Visit
NCT01640171 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Participatns With Level 10 Pain on Wong-Baker Pain Scale In Subconjunctival Eye At Time of Intravitreal Injection
NCT01650519 (7) [back to overview]	Measurement of the Efficacy of IV Ibuprofen for the Treatment of Postoperative Pain as Measured by the Amount of Rescue Medication in the Postoperative Period Through Discharge
NCT01650519 (7) [back to overview]	Measurement of the Efficacy of IV Ibuprofen for the Treatment of Postoperative Pain as Measured by the Amount of Time to Rescue Medication in the Postoperative Period Through Discharge
NCT01650519 (7) [back to overview]	Efficacy of IV Ibuprofen for Post-op Pain.
NCT01650519 (7) [back to overview]	Measurement of the Efficacy of IV Ibuprofen for the Treatment of Postoperative Pain as Measured by the Pain Intensity as Assess by Patient Pain Intensity (VAS) in the Post-surgical Period, Through 24 Hours
NCT01650519 (7) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction.
NCT01650519 (7) [back to overview]	Incidence of Serious Adverse Events (SAEs).
NCT01650519 (7) [back to overview]	Time to Discharge.
NCT01664559 (5) [back to overview]	Nulliparous Patients - Subgroup Analysis
NCT01664559 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Scores at Other Time Points During and After IUD Placement
NCT01664559 (5) [back to overview]	VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) Measurement of Pain
NCT01664559 (5) [back to overview]	Post-insertion Patient Questionnaire
NCT01664559 (5) [back to overview]	Post-insertion Provider Questionnaire
NCT01736358 (5) [back to overview]	Post-operative Opioid Requirements
NCT01736358 (5) [back to overview]	Incidence of Postoperative Side Effects
NCT01736358 (5) [back to overview]	Post Operative Pain Scale
NCT01736358 (5) [back to overview]	Post Operative Pain Score
NCT01736358 (5) [back to overview]	Post Operative Pain Score
NCT01806259 (2) [back to overview]	Overall Survival
NCT01806259 (2) [back to overview]	Recurrence-free Survival
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Time to Pain Relief
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Absence of Nausea
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	2- Hour Pain Relief
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Absence of Allodynia
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Absence of Phonophobia
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Absence of Photophobia
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Pain Freedom
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Self-assessment of Disability: Percentage of Participants With Moderate or Severe Disability
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Sustained Pain Freedom (SPF)
NCT01807234 (10) [back to overview]	Sustained Pain Relief (SPR)
NCT01871077 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Eyes With Epithelial Defects
NCT01871077 (4) [back to overview]	Intraocular Pressure (IOP)
NCT01871077 (4) [back to overview]	Visual Acuity (VA)
NCT01871077 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Cases With Adverse Events
NCT01901393 (6) [back to overview]	Time to First Use of Rescue Med Will be Measured
NCT01901393 (6) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction
NCT01901393 (6) [back to overview]	Rescue Medication Use in Post-operative Period
NCT01901393 (6) [back to overview]	Efficacy of Pain Relief (Pain Intensity at Rest)
NCT01901393 (6) [back to overview]	Efficacy of Pain Relief (Pain Intensity With Movement)
NCT01901393 (6) [back to overview]	Incidence of Serious Adverse Events
NCT02039427 (3) [back to overview]	The Incidence of Postoperative Sore Throat(POST) Using Ketorolac and Dexamethasone in Womend After Thyroidectomy
NCT02039427 (3) [back to overview]	Potential Side Effects Associated With the Study Drugs
NCT02039427 (3) [back to overview]	The Incidence of Postoperative Hoarseness(PH) Using Ketorolac and Dexamethasone in Womend After Thyroidectomy
NCT02078492 (4) [back to overview]	Adverse Effect of Nausea
NCT02078492 (4) [back to overview]	Adverse Effect of Headache
NCT02078492 (4) [back to overview]	Adverse Effect of Dizziness
NCT02078492 (4) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 30 Minutes
NCT02112448 (2) [back to overview]	Total Morphine Dosage
NCT02112448 (2) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT02181426 (1) [back to overview]	PACU Opiate Consumption
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Post-Operative Pain Score
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Reporting Complications Since Surgery
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Reporting a NRS Pain Score Greater Than 3
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Consumption During Hospitalization
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Change in Unipedal Stance Time
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Maximum Postoperative Pain Score
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Hospital Length of Stay
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Change in Short Form-36 (SF-36) Quality of Life Physical Component
NCT02242201 (9) [back to overview]	Change in Short Form-36 (SF-36) Quality of Life Mental Component
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EQVAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EQVAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EQVAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EQVAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: Quinnell Grading Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: Quinnell Grading Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: Quinnell Grading Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: Quinnell Grading Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: Quinnell Grading Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: VAS Pain Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EuroQuol-5D (EQ-5D) Functional Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: VAS Pain Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: VAS Pain Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: VAS Pain Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EuroQuol-5D (EQ-5D) Functional Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EuroQuol-5D (EQ-5D) Functional Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EuroQuol-5D (EQ-5D) Functional Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	De Quervain's Treatment Group: VAS Pain Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EuroQuol-5D (EQ-5D) Functional Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: VAS Pain Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: VAS Pain Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: VAS Pain Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: EQVAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: Participants With Pain (Positive Test) Over Lateral Epicondyle
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	DeQuervain's Treatment Group: EQ-VAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	DeQuervain's Treatment Group: EQ-VAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	DeQuervain's Treatment Group: EQ-VAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: EQ-5D Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: EQ-5D Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	De Quervain's Treatment Group: QuickDASH Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	De Quervain's Treatment Group: QuickDASH Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	De Quervain's Treatment Group: QuickDASH Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	De Quervain's Treatment Group: VAS Pain Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	De Quervain's Treatment Group: VAS Pain Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	DeQuervain's Treatment Group: EQ-5D Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	DeQuervain's Treatment Group: EQ-5D Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	DeQuervain's Treatment Group: EQ-5D Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: EQ-5D Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: EQ-VAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: EQ-VAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: EQ-VAS Score
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: Participants With Pain (Positive Test) in Lateral Epicondyle
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: Participants With Pain (Positive Test) Over Lateral Epicondyle
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: Participants With Pain (Positive Test) With Resisted Wrist Extension
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: Participants With Pain (Positive Test) With Resisted Wrist Extension
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: Participants With Pain (Positive Test) With Resisted Wrist Extension
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment Group: QuickDASH Functional Scores
NCT02266433 (55) [back to overview]	Trigger Finger Treatment Group: VAS Pain Scores
NCT02312739 (5) [back to overview]	Provider Ease of Insertion (0-100mm VAS)
NCT02312739 (5) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Pain Scale Measurement During and After the Procedure
NCT02312739 (5) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Patient Anxiety Scale After the Procedure
NCT02312739 (5) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction (5-point Likert Scale)
NCT02312739 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Scale Measurement - Maximum Pain Experienced
NCT02313675 (2) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption (Number of Pills Taken)
NCT02313675 (2) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain (Pain Scores From 0-10 Scale)
NCT02344225 (2) [back to overview]	Length of Hospital Stay
NCT02344225 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Reported Sustained Headache Relief at 24-hour Follow-up
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Score After Analgesic Administration (Faces Pain Scale - Revised (FPS-R)
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Headache Freedom During Emergency Department Visit
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Percentage Change in Pain Score Between Baseline and One Hour
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Time to Achieve Clinically Significant Reduction in Pain After Analgesic Administration (Pain Score)
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Headache Relief During Emergency Department Visit
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Received Rescue Medications During Emergency Department Visit
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Reported Positive Overall Efficacy and Tolerability at 24-hour Follow-up
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Reported Sustained Headache Freedom at 24-hour Follow-up
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Adverse Events
NCT02358681 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Used Rescue Medication(s) Within 24 Hours After Emergency Department Discharge
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Anti-emetic Doses
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Total Hydromorphone Dose
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Pruritus Doses
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Percentile Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) at 6,12, and 24 Hours
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Post-Partum Hemorrhage
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Estimated Blood Loss (EBL)
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Units of Packed Reb Blood Cell Transfused
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Corrected Change in Hct on POD1.
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Percentile Change in Systolic Blood Pressure at 6,12, and 24 Hours
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Score Post-Cesarean Delivery
NCT02509312 (11) [back to overview]	Uterotonic Doses
NCT02543801 (3) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT02543801 (3) [back to overview]	Narcotic Consumption
NCT02543801 (3) [back to overview]	Pain Score
NCT02570503 (1) [back to overview]	Narcotic Use During Hospitalization
NCT02658149 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 3-24 Hours
NCT02658149 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 3 Hours
NCT02658149 (5) [back to overview]	Opioid Usage In-hospital at 48 Hours
NCT02658149 (5) [back to overview]	Opioid Usage In-hospital at 24 Hours
NCT02658149 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 24-48 Hours
NCT02691572 (1) [back to overview]	Cumulative Fentanyl Dose
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Veterans Rand - 12
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Veterans Rand - 12
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Veterans Rand - 12
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Opioid Related Side Effects
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Veterans Rand - 12
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Perioperative Opioid Use
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Perioperative Complications - Drain Output
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Numerical Pain Rating Scale
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Numerical Pain Rating Scale
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Numerical Pain Rating Scale
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Oswestry Disability Index
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Oswestry Disability Index
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Oswestry Disability Index
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Oswestry Disability Index
NCT02700451 (16) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Chronic Pain
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Vomiting
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Pruritus
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Vomiting
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Vomiting
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Pruritus
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Pruritus
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Nausea
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Nausea
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Experiencing Nausea
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Pain Scores at Rest
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Pain Score on Movement
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Time to First Rescue Analgesic
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Postpartum Depression, as Measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Postpartum Depression, as Measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction With Postoperative Analgesia on a 0-10 Scale
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Pain Scores at Rest
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Pain Scores at Rest
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Pain Score on Movement (Sitting in Bed From a Supine Position)
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption
NCT02829944 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Chronic Pain
NCT02881996 (2) [back to overview]	Time Until PCA Discontinued After the Operation
NCT02881996 (2) [back to overview]	Postoperative Duration of Hospital Stay
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Eyes With Pupil Diameter Less Than 6 mm During Cortical Clean-up
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Eyes With Pupil Diameter Less Than 6 mm at Any Time During Surgery
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]	Maximum Intraoperative Change in Pupil Diameter
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]	Mean Area Under the Curve Change From Baseline in Pupil Diameter Over Time to the End of Cataract Surgery
NCT02902770 (1) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 30 Minutes
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Apgar Score at 5 Minutes
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Time to First Administration of Opioid Pain Medication Post Operatively
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 6-12 Hours Post Operatively
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 48 Hours Post-operatively
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Opioid Pain Tablets Remaining on Post-operative Day #7 From the Discharge Prescription.
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	NICU Admission
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Need for Respiratory Support
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Hospital Length of Stay
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Pain Score at 24 Hours Post-operatively
NCT02922985 (10) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Intake in Morphine Milligram Equivalents in the First 48 Hours After Cesarean Delivery (CD)
NCT02956616 (4) [back to overview]	Breastfeeding Initiation
NCT02956616 (4) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Medication Requirement
NCT02956616 (4) [back to overview]	Discharge on Postoperative Day #2
NCT02956616 (4) [back to overview]	Postoperative Length of Hospital Stay
NCT03028012 (3) [back to overview]	Numeric Rating Pain Scale (NRS) at Baseline and Three Months.
NCT03028012 (3) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - Modified
NCT03028012 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With a Responder Rate Greater Than 50% on the Numeric Rating Pain Scale (NRS) Improvement
NCT03031795 (1) [back to overview]	Pain Before, During and After IUD Placement
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Days of Oral Narcotic Use After Discharge
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Oral Narcotic Pills Used After Discharge
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Average Inpatient Postoperative Pain Score
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Average Inpatient Ondansetron Use
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Return to Activities of Daily Living
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Average Inpatient Hydromorphone Use
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Perioperative Complications
NCT03331315 (8) [back to overview]	Total Hospital Stay
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Pain as Assessed by Score on the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS)
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Overall Costs
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Opioid Use Per Day
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Ventilator Days
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Discharged From the Hospital With an Opioid Prescription
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Intensive Care Unti (ICU) Days
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Hospital Days
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Pharmacy Costs
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Any Opioid-related Complications
NCT03472469 (10) [back to overview]	Pain as Assessed by Score on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
NCT03584373 (7) [back to overview]	Average Pain Intensity Level
NCT03584373 (7) [back to overview]	Unused Medications - Proportion of Prescribed Pills Unused at 1 Week Post-Surgery
NCT03584373 (7) [back to overview]	Satisfaction With Pain Relief
NCT03584373 (7) [back to overview]	Rates of Constipation
NCT03584373 (7) [back to overview]	Perception of an Acceptable Pain Intensity Level
NCT03584373 (7) [back to overview]	Peak Pain Intensity Level
NCT03584373 (7) [back to overview]	Current Pain Intensity Level
NCT03599089 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Postsurgical Pain Based on the Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity (SPI) Assessments Over 96 Hours of the NRS Scores = Area Under the Curve (AUC)
NCT03599089 (3) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects Opioid Free
NCT03599089 (3) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Consumption (in Daily Morphine Equivalents)
NCT03669081 (6) [back to overview]	Serum Creatinine Levels at One Year Post-operatively
NCT03669081 (6) [back to overview]	Cumulative Narcotic Use
NCT03669081 (6) [back to overview]	30 Day Mortality
NCT03669081 (6) [back to overview]	Length of Hospital Stay
NCT03669081 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Urinary Retention
NCT03669081 (6) [back to overview]	Bleeding Risk
NCT03678675 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With a Pain Score Greater Than 3
NCT03678675 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Change in Hematocrit
NCT03678675 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Satisfaction With Inpatient Pain Control
NCT03678675 (7) [back to overview]	Change in Creatinine
NCT03678675 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Satisfaction With Their Inpatient Postpartum Care.
NCT03678675 (7) [back to overview]	The Number of Patients That Used no Opioid Postoperatively
NCT03678675 (7) [back to overview]	The Total Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME) Used in the First 72 Postoperative Hours
NCT03693404 (3) [back to overview]	Score on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for Pain
NCT03693404 (3) [back to overview]	Ambulation Distance
NCT03693404 (3) [back to overview]	Amount (mg) of Narcotics (Oral Morphine mg Equivalents) Used
NCT03695367 (5) [back to overview]	Percentge of Subjects in Severe Pain With Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-R; Windowed Worst Observation Carried Forward) of Pain Intensity Scores >7 on a Scale of 0-10 at Any Point. NRS-R for Pain Where 0 Equals no Pain and 10 Equals Worst Pain Imaginable.
NCT03695367 (5) [back to overview]	Percentge of Subjects Receiving no Opioid Rescue
NCT03695367 (5) [back to overview]	Total Postoperative Opioid Consumption (in IV Morphine Milligram Equivalents [IV MME])
NCT03695367 (5) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects Receiving no Opioid Rescue
NCT03695367 (5) [back to overview]	Percentge of Subjects Receiving no Opioid Rescue
NCT03861611 (4) [back to overview]	Worst LBP 2 Days After ED Visit
NCT03861611 (4) [back to overview]	How Often Participants Used Assigned Medication
NCT03861611 (4) [back to overview]	Frequency of LBP 2 Days After ED Visit
NCT03861611 (4) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline to Day 5 in Functional Impairment
NCT03885596 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Scores at 72 Hours at Rest Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
NCT03885596 (5) [back to overview]	Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores (at Rest) Over 72h
NCT03885596 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Scores at 48 Hours at Rest Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
NCT03885596 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Scores at 24 Hours at Rest Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
NCT03885596 (5) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption
NCT03967847 (2) [back to overview]	Postoperative Visual Analog Scale Scores
NCT03967847 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Retear of Rotator Cuff Repair
NCT04112160 (6) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Pain (VAS) Pain Scale 7 Days Following Stent Removal.
NCT04112160 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Required Opioid Medication Following Ureteral Stent Removal
NCT04112160 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Unscheduled Return to Clinic or Emergency Room
NCT04112160 (6) [back to overview]	Median Visual Analog Pain (VAS) Pain Scale Experienced by Participant 24 Hours Following Stent Removal
NCT04112160 (6) [back to overview]	Average Number of Days the Participant Missed Work
NCT04112160 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants That Experienced an Injection Complication
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04115644 (8) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale
NCT04246541 (2) [back to overview]	Narcotic Medication Consumed
NCT04246541 (2) [back to overview]	Pain Levels Recorded With a Visual Analogue Scale
NCT04246554 (2) [back to overview]	Postoperative Visual Analogue Scale Scores
NCT04246554 (2) [back to overview]	Narcotic Medication
NCT04322968 (5) [back to overview]	Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R)
NCT04322968 (5) [back to overview]	Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R)
NCT04322968 (5) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory (Short Form)
NCT04322968 (5) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
NCT04322968 (5) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Pain Medications Required 0-3h Post op in Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME)
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scores
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scores
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Return to the Clinic, Emergency Department Due to Post Operative Pain Within a 2 Week Period
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Length of Stay in Hours
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Estimated Blood Loss
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Pain Medications Required Through 3-24h Post op in MME
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Operative Time

Dyspepsia

Number of participants who reported discomfort in the stomach related to eating or drinking (NCT00115336)
Timeframe: The entire study period (daily assessments during hospitalization [mean of 81.5 hours] and once at the 30-day follow-up visit, over a mean of 33.4 days)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
IV Ketorolac / Oral Placebo	0
IV Placebo / Oral Ibuprofen	0

Intervention	milligrams (mg) of morphine equivalents (Mean)
IV Ketorolac / Oral Placebo	225.2
IV Placebo / Oral Ibuprofen	264.6

Intervention	hours (Mean)
IV Ketorolac / Oral Placebo	58.4
IV Placebo / Oral Ibuprofen	68.0

Intervention	hours (Mean)
IV Ketorolac / Oral Placebo	80.7
IV Placebo / Oral Ibuprofen	83.0

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intravenous Ketorolac and Oral Placebo	0
Intravenous Placebo and Oral Ibuprofen	0

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
	Baseline	Day 1	Week 1	Week 4	week 8
Acular LS	16.1	11.6	15.2	14.3	14.0
Pred Forte	17.0	12.4	15.7	14.0	15.0
Refresh Tears	17.8	13.4	15.6	14.6	15.8

Intervention	mm (Mean)
	At 5 minutes	At 10 minutes	At 15 minutes	At 30 minutes	At 45 minutes	At 1 hour	At 2 hours	At 3 hours	At 5 hours	At 6 hours	At 9 hours	At 12 hours	At 15 hours	At 18 hours	At 21 hours	At 24 hours	At 48 hours	At 72 hours	At 96 hours	At 120 hours
Diclofenac (DIC075V)	5.2	9.1	13.4	17.7	18.5	18.7	17.3	13.5	10.8	12.6	23.6	23.4	28.5	30.2	36.3	31.8	42.9	47.0	46.8	46.9
Ketorolac	3.2	5.5	9.8	16.7	18.4	19.7	16.9	14.7	15.1	12.5	21.3	23.7	23.2	30.1	39.1	27.5	35.5	41.0	43.0	42.9

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	0 - 24 Hours: 0	0 - 24 Hours: 1	0 - 24 Hours: 2	0 - 24 Hours: 3	0 - 24 Hours: 4	0 - 24 Hours: 5	0 - 24 Hours: 6	0 - 24 Hours: 7	0 - 24 Hours: 8	0 - 24 Hours: 9	0 - 24 Hours: 11	0 - 24 Hours: 12	0 - 24 Hours: 13	0 - 24 Hours: 14	0 - 24 Hours: 15	0-48 hours: 0	0-48 hours: 1	0-48 hours: 2	0-48 hours: 3	0-48 hours: 4	0-48 hours: 5	0-48 hours: 6	0-48 hours: 7	0-48 hours: 8	0-48 hours: 9	0-48 hours: 10	0-48 hours: 11	0-48 hours: 12	0-48 hours: 13	0-48 hours: 14	0-48 hours: 15	0-48 hours: 17	0-48 hours: 20	0-72 hours: 0	0-72 hours: 1	0-72 hours: 2	0-72 hours: 3	0-72 hours: 4	0-72 hours: 5	0-72 hours: 6	0-72 hours: 7	0-72 hours: 8	0-72 hours: 9	0-72 hours: 10	0-72 hours: 11	0-72 hours: 12	0-72 hours: 13	0-72 hours: 14	0-72 hours: 15	0-72 hours: 17	0-72 hours: 19	0-72 hours: 20	0-72 hours: 21	0-96 hours: 0	0-96 hours: 1	0-96 hours: 2	0-96 hours: 3	0-96 hours: 4	0-96 hours: 5	0-96 hours: 6	0-96 hours: 7	0-96 hours: 8	0-96 hours: 9	0-96 hours: 10	0-96 hours: 11	0-96 hours: 12	0-96 hours: 13	0-96 hours: 14	0-96 hours: 15	0-96 hours: 17	0-96 hours: 19	0-96 hours: 20	0-96 hours: 21	0-120 hours: 0	0-120 hours: 1	0-120 hours: 2	0-120 hours: 3	0-120 hours: 4	0-120 hours: 5	0-120 hours: 6	0-120 hours: 7	0-120 hours: 8	0-120 hours: 9	0-120 hours: 10	0-120 hours: 11	0-120 hours: 12	0-120 hours: 13	0-120 hours: 14	0-120 hours: 15	0-120 hours: 17	0-120 hours: 19	0-120 hours: 20	0-120 hours: 21
Diclofenac (DIC075V)	39	26	26	19	8	9	7	3	2	3	1	1	1	0	0	38	23	24	14	11	7	8	6	3	4	2	3	1	1	0	0	0	0	38	23	22	15	11	6	8	4	4	3	5	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	38	23	22	15	11	6	7	5	3	3	5	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	38	23	22	15	11	6	7	5	3	3	5	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ketorolac	17	6	9	8	4	3	3	5	2	1	1	1	0	0	0	16	5	10	5	2	3	2	4	3	4	2	1	2	1	0	0	0	0	16	5	10	5	2	2	2	4	2	1	4	2	1	1	0	2	1	0	0	0	16	5	10	5	2	2	2	4	2	1	3	3	1	1	0	2	1	0	0	0	16	5	10	5	2	2	2	4	2	1	3	2	2	1	0	2	1	0	0	0
Placebo	4	7	6	11	9	9	3	7	4	4	3	2	1	1	1	14	7	6	10	3	8	5	8	3	5	0	5	3	1	1	1	1	1	4	7	6	10	3	5	7	6	2	9	9	0	2	3	1	2	0	1	1	1	4	7	6	10	3	5	6	7	2	9	0	2	3	1	2	2	0	1	1	1	4	7	6	10	3	5	6	7	2	9	0	2	3	1	2	2	0	1	1	1

Intervention	mg (Mean)
	0-24 hours	0-48 hours	0-72 hours	0-96 hours	0-120 hours
Diclofenac (DIC075V)	9.4	11.1	11.7	11.8	11.8
Ketorolac	11.5	15.5	18.0	18.1	18.1
Placebo	16.0	19.0	20.5	20.5	20.5

Intervention	mg (Mean)
LIA IV (Local Infiltration Analgesia, Intravenous)	77
LIA IA, (Local Infiltration Analgesia, Intra-articular)	49
Epidural	54

Intervention	mm (Mean)
	expected level of pain during procedure	after speculum insertion	during paracervical block administration	after cervical dilation	immediately after procedure	30 min after procedure
Paracervical Block With Ketorolac and Lidocaine	51.7	32.7	46.0	59.8	64.3	17.6
Paracervical Block With Lidocaine	52.2	33.6	50.8	74.8	61.5	21.8

Intervention	mm (Mean)
Paracervical Block With Lidocaine	62.9
Paracervical Block With Ketorolac and Lidocaine	63.6

Intervention	participants (Number)
	minor	serious
Paracervical Block With Ketorolac and Lidocaine	1	2
Paracervical Block With Lidocaine	1	0

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Preoperative	Postoperative: 2 days	Postoperative: 2 months	Postoperative: 6 months
Ketorolac	1.7	2.1	0.6	0.4
Placebo	1.6	2.5	0.2	0.1

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
Artificial Tears	-3.0
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory	-6.2
Steroid	-5.2

Intervention	Number of pills (Mean)
Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	3.41
Saline Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	3.8
Injectable Medication Only	3.8

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	3.3
Saline Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	4.05
Injectable Medication Only	3.13

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	1.75
Saline Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	3.23
Injectable Medication Only	3.06

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	1.81
Saline Pain Pump , Injectable Medication	3.17
Injectable Medication Only	2.26

Intervention	ml (Mean)
S- Ketorolac Volume Distribution, Peripheral	341
R+ Ketorolac Volume Distribution, Peripheral	658

Intervention	ml (Mean)
S- Ketorolac Volume Distribution, Central	1480
R+ Ketorolac Volume Distribution, Central	992

ketorolac

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (95)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (4)

Drug Classes (5)

Pathways (1)

Protein Targets (21)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Activation Measurements

Biological Processes (277)

Molecular Functions (64)

Ceullar Components (79)

Bioassays (225)

Research

Studies (1,621)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 130.85

Study Types

Clinical Trials (386)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Dyspepsia

Total Parenteral Opioid Usage

Time to a 50% Reduction in Reported Pain Intensity

Occurrence of Azotemia

Hematuria

Duration of Hospitalization

Bleeding

Gastrointestinal Ulceration

Fluid Retention

Interocular Pressure

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (International Headache Society Grade of 0 = no Pain) by Observation Time Point.

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point

The Number of Treated Subjects Who Became Pain-free (IHS Grade 0) by Observation Time Point

Pain Intensity Differences (PID) Over Time

Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 120 Hours

Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 24 Hours

Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 48 Hours

Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 72 Hours

Sum of the Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 96 Hours

Time From Administration of Study Drug to Administration of Rescue Medication

Time to Meaningful Relief

Time to Perceptible Relief

Pain Intensity Differences (PID) Over Time

Number of Participants According to Frequency of Use of Rescue Medication

Cumulative Amount of Rescue Medication

Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR)

Percentage of Participants Attaining Greater Than or Equal to (>=) 30 Percent (%) Reduction From Baseline in Pain Intensity

Participant Global Evaluation Over Time

Visual Analog Pain Relief Values Over the Time

Mean Pupil Area

Resolution of Post Operative Inflammation

Visual Acuity

Ocular Pain

Resolution of Post Operative Inflammation

Ocular Pain

Mean Pupil Area

Visual Acuity

Opioid Use

Pain at Rest (VAS)

Time to Readiness for Discharge

Level of Pain During Specific Time Intervals Throughout D&C Procedure.

Visual Analogue Scale Regarding Satisfaction Level

Intervention	ml (Mean)
S- Ketorolac Volume Distribution Central	2320
R+ Ketorolac Volume Distribution Central	1200

Intervention	mg (Mean)
Ketorolac IN 10 mg	28.25
Ketorolac IN 30 mg	23.11
Placebo Vehicle IN	32.61

Intervention	mg (Mean)
Ketorolac IN 10 mg	78.66
Ketorolac IN 30 mg	61.39
Placebo Vehicle IN	87.87

Intervention	mg (Mean)
Ketorolac IN 10 mg	54.32
Ketorolac IN 30 mg	37.77
Placebo Vehicle IN	56.45

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Ketorolac IN 10 mg	34.1
Ketorolac IN 30 mg	38.9
Placebo Vehicle IN	29.1

Intervention	ng*h/mL (Mean)
Ketorolac Tromethamine	9061.9
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 4% Lidocaine Hydrochloride (HCl)	8694.5
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 5% Lidocaine HCl	8086.8
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 6% Lidocaine HCl	8677.6

Intervention	hours (Median)
Ketorolac Tromethamine	0.510
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 4% Lidocaine Hydrochloride (HCl)	0.500
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 5% Lidocaine HCl	0.390
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 6% Lidocaine HCl	0.410

Intervention	ng/mL (Mean)
Ketorolac Tromethamine	2059.6
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 4% Lidocaine Hydrochloride (HCl)	1963.1
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 5% Lidocaine HCl	1799.9
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 6% Lidocaine HCl	2048.5

Intervention	ng*h/mL (Mean)
Ketorolac Tromethamine	8440.6
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 4% Lidocaine Hydrochloride (HCl)	7856.0
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 5% Lidocaine HCl	7561.5
Ketorolac Tromethamine With 6% Lidocaine HCl	8103.8

Intervention	ng•h/mL (Mean)
Ketorolac Tromethamine (15 mg)	9600.5
Ketorolac Tromethamine (30 mg)	11317.2