Roles > loop diuretic
Page last updated: 2024-08-05 15:12:21

loop diuretic

A diuretic that acts on the ascending loop of Henle in the kidney.

ChEBI ID: 77608

Members (5)

MemberDefinitionClass
azosemideA sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide which is substituted at positions 2, 4, and 5 by chlorine, (2-thienylmethyl)amino and 1H-tetrazol-5-yl groups, respectively. It is a diuretic that has been used in the management of oedema and hypertension.azosemide
ethacrynic acidAn aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.etacrynic acid
furosemideA chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.furosemide
ticrynafenAn aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.tienilic acid
torsemideAn N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.torasemide

Research

Studies (14,734)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-19907,287 (49.46)18.7374
1990's2,502 (16.98)18.2507
2000's2,072 (14.06)29.6817
2010's2,149 (14.59)24.3611
2020's724 (4.91)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1,574 (9.44%)5.53%
Reviews842 (5.05%)6.00%
Case Studies1,398 (8.39%)4.05%
Observational52 (0.31%)0.25%
Other12,801 (76.80%)84.16%

Protein Targets (176)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency14.579124
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.682211
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.389414
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.65171019
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency33.491511
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.642711
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency68.101611
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency68.101611
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency40.851912
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency40.851912
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.851326
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.007512
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolaseGiardia intestinalisPotency18.823112
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.610212
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.402914
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.794624
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.637025
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.641212
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.045712
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.432811
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.456212
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency29.2593917
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.626825
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.3074613
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.369012
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.002611
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.236935
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency15.402914
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.794612
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.406428
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.313335
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.120735
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency24.163411
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.667514
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.203624
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency6.610216
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.782811
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency54.095111
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.402914
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.623411
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.856424
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.514735
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.356411
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.402918
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.981125
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency66.824211
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.870113
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency11.079212
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency37.588434
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.432612
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.668411
neuropeptide S receptor isoform AHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency3.981111
Nrf2Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.548111
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.789949
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.581011
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.668411
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency37.578011
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency28.362723
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency14.125411
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.073738
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency89.125111
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.432811
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency4.547911
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.474334
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.486346
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency29.002713
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency4.466811
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.125411
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.930114
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.510823
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency39.086226
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency56.234111
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.0477310
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.848846
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.679511
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.344724
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.344724
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency30.300112
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency25.118911
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.562311
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.007828
thioredoxin glutathione reductaseSchistosoma mansoniPotency35.481311
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.881612
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency30.525726
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.848922
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.058611
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency4.466811
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency4.466811
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency54.558111
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.174135
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency29.814914
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency24.163411
WRNHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.667911

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)IC504.511022
10 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC504.950022
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC508.500011
14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphataseHomo sapiens (human)IC5018.300011
14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphataseHomo sapiens (human)Ki183.000011
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylatingHomo sapiens (human)Ki127.000011
60 kDa chaperoninEscherichia coli K-12IC50250.000011
60 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC504.950022
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC508.500011
Adenosine receptor A1Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Ki100.000011
AlbuminHomo sapiens (human)Ki138,038,000,000.000011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50114.450012
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC50499.500057
Bile salt export pumpRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501,000.000011
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)IC503.200011
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5068.425012
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki56.2043318
Carbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)Ki56.2264318
Carbonic anhydrase 13Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki14.6181214
Carbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)Ki14.5469214
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki56.2046318
Carbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)Ki471.6824214
Carbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)Ki14.6201214
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki14.6108214
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki14.5855214
Carbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)Ki14.5745214
Carbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)Ki14.6128214
Carbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)Ki56.2441318
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5053.460011
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.285011
Chain A, Glutathione S-transferase P1-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki11.500012
Chain A, GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE A1-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
Chain B, Glutathione S-transferase P1-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki11.500011
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1Homo sapiens (human)IC503.760011
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC503.760011
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)IC5050.000011
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)Ki7.650022
Cytochrome P450 2J2Homo sapiens (human)IC5050.000011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6Homo sapiens (human)IC504.500011
G-protein coupled receptor 35Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.270011
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki187.400011
Glutathione S-transferase A1Homo sapiens (human)IC505.000011
Glutathione S-transferase omega-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5025.000011
Glutathione S-transferase PHomo sapiens (human)IC5011.133333
Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50122.300011
Holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthaseBacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168IC5012.700011
large T antigenBetapolyomavirus macacaeIC50100.000011
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50500.000011
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000012
perilipin-1Homo sapiens (human)IC504.190011
perilipin-5Homo sapiens (human)IC504.832011
Replicase polyprotein 1aSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusKi375.000011
Replicase polyprotein 1abHuman coronavirus 229EKi375.000011
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusKi375.000011
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki702.000011
Sodium/bile acid cotransporterHomo sapiens (human)IC5015.000011
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki9.500011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki47.000011
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
UDP-glucose 4-epimeraseHomo sapiens (human)IC5014.000011

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
G-protein coupled receptor 35Homo sapiens (human)EC508.700022
Hsf1 proteinMus musculus (house mouse)EC50195.000011

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.062011
Carbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.261011
Carbonic anhydrase 13Mus musculus (house mouse)Kinact0.550011
Carbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.052011
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.065011
Carbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.564011
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Kinact0.499011
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Kinact0.322011
Carbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.245011
Carbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.513011
Carbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)Kinact0.420011
Hsf1 proteinMus musculus (house mouse)AC5032.498011