| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|
| 6-hydroxymellein | An isochromane that is mellein bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6-position. | 6-hydroxymellein |
| 6-methoxy-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin | An isochromane that is mellein bearing a methoxy substituent at position 6. | 6-methoxymellein |
| ochracin | An isochromane that is 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin bearing methyl and hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 8 respectively. | mellein |
| ochratoxin a | A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum. | ochratoxin A |
| ochratoxin b | A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid. Ochratoxin B differs from the more naturally abundant ochratoxin A in the absence of the dihydroisocoumarin chlorine atom. It has cytotoxic effects on kidney and liver cells in vitro but only minor effects in vivo, due to its rapid metabolism and excretion. It inhibits cell proliferation of human liver HepG2 cells at doses as low as 1 mug/ ml but lacks the genotoxic activity of ochratoxin A, even at higher concentrations. | ochratoxin B |
| ochratoxin c | A phenylalanine derivative that is the ethyl ester of ochratoxin A. | ochratoxin C |