dexmedetomidine profile

chrysoplenol D: potentiates the activity of berberine, artemisinin, and norfloxacine against S. aureus; isolated from Artemisa annua; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

3',4',5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone : A trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	5311068
CHEMBL ID	778
CHEBI ID	4466
SCHEMBL ID	26433
MeSH ID	M0140432
PubMed CID	5280699
CHEMBL ID	491366
CHEBI ID	18016
SCHEMBL ID	11133546
MeSH ID	M0140432

Synonym
4-[(1s)-1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-3h-imidazole
gtpl521
igalmi (dexmedetomidine sublingual film)
mpv-1440
dexmedetomidina [inn-spanish]
dexmedetomidinum [inn-latin]
dexmedetomidine [usan:inn:ban]
tocris-2023
NCGC00025347-01
C07450
dexmedetomidine ,
113775-47-6
(+)-4-((s)-alpha,2,3-trimethylbenzyl)imidazole
DB00633
precedex (tn)
D00514
dexdor (tn)
dexmedetomidine (usan/inn)
dexmedetomidinum
CHEBI:4466 ,
mpv 1440
dexmedetomidina
4-[(1s)-1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1h-imidazole
bdbm50085683
medetomidine, (s)-
CHEMBL778 ,
CUHVIMMYOGQXCV-NSHDSACASA-N
5-[(1s)-1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1h-imidazole
tpu 006
unii-67vb76hono
67vb76hono ,
(s)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1h-imidazole
dexmedetomidine [usan]
dexmedetomidine [inn]
dexmedetomidine [who-dd]
dexmedetomidine [mi]
dexmedetomidine [vandf]
dexmedetomidine [green book]
(+)-4-((s)-.alpha.,2,3-trimethylbenzyl)imidazole
S3075
SCHEMBL26433
dexmedetomidinehclc13h16n2.hcl
4-[(s)-1-(2,3-dimethyl-phenyl)-ethyl]-1h-imidazole
4-[(1s)-1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1h-imidazol
AKOS025149503
1h-imidazole, 4-[(1s)-1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-
AB01566872_02
AB01566872_01
AKOS026750524
(s)-5-(1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl)-1h-imidazole
mfcd00880557
AS-68685
SW219607-1
(+)-(s)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl) ethyl]-1h -imidazole monohydrochloride
(s)-4-(1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl)-1h-imidazole
DTXSID10873388
Q412133
HMS3885M07
CCG-266586
4-[(1~{s})-1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1~{h}-imidazole
NCGC00371080-02
1h-imidazole, 5-[(1s)-1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-
NCGC00371080-09
113775-47-6 (free base)
EN300-127736
CS-0012295
HY-12719
CHEBI:18016 ,
quercetagetin 3,6,7-trimethyl ether
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxy-4h-chromen-4-one
MEGXP0_000419
C04552 ,
14965-20-9
3',4',5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone
chrysosplenol d
ACON1_001031
NCGC00169741-01
3,6,7-trimethylquercetagetin
5,3',4'-trihydroxy 3,6,7-trimethylquercetagetin
BRD-K10956860-001-01-3
CHEMBL491366 ,
LMPK12112998
5,3',4'-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone
flavone, 3',4',5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxy-
chrysoplenol d
gv8sr5rv6z ,
unii-gv8sr5rv6z
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxychromen-4-one
bdbm50412281
SCHEMBL11133546
chrysosplenold
FT-0699378
ncgc00169741-02!2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxychromen-4-one
AKOS032948420
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxy-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one
DTXSID70933694
Q27102769
MS-25687
4h-1-benzopyran-4-one, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxy-
E88603
CS-0032140
HY-N6007
7-methylaxillarin
B0005-190061

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Furthermore, it often takes several years of use before adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are reported."	( Comparing dexmedetomidine prescribing patterns and safety in the naturalistic setting versus published data. Dasta, JF; Durtschi, AJ; Kane-Gill, SL, )	0.13
" The reporting of adverse events was low and the most commonly observed event was vomiting (7%)."	( Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine or medetomidine in cats and their reversal with atipamezole. Aspegrén, JC; Granholm, M; McKusick, BC; Westerholm, FC, 2006)	0.33
" The objective of this study is to gather information on the dosage, sedative effects and adverse effects of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgical patients."	( Safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgical patients. Ames, CP; Aryan, HE; Box, KW; Desiraju, U; Ibrahim, D, 2006)	0.33
" Of the patients enrolled in the study, 15 were successfully extubated with no adverse reactions while maintaining adequate sedation."	( Safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgical patients. Ames, CP; Aryan, HE; Box, KW; Desiraju, U; Ibrahim, D, 2006)	0.33
"Dexmedetomidine can be a safe and effective sedative agent for neurosurgical patients."	( Safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgical patients. Ames, CP; Aryan, HE; Box, KW; Desiraju, U; Ibrahim, D, 2006)	0.33
" Heart and respiratory rate, and procedure and recovery times were similar for all treatment groups, and no adverse events were observed during the study."	( Clinical efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine, butorphanol or diazepam for canine hip radiography. Granholm, MM; Leppänen, MK; McKusick, BC; Short, CE; Tulamo, R; Westerholm, FC, 2006)	0.33
" There were few adverse side effects, but they included prolonged sedation, hypothermia, apnoea and bradycardia; no adverse effects were observed after the administration of atipamezole, which effectively reversed all the clinical effects of dexmedetomidine and medetomidine."	( Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of intramuscular and intravenous doses of dexmedetomidine and medetomidine in dogs and their reversal with atipamezole. Aspegrén, JC; Granholm, M; McKusick, BC; Westerholm, FC, 2007)	0.34
" Hemodynamic data, sedation scores, and renal and hepatic function were assessed for control of adverse events."	( Clinical analgesic efficacy and side effects of dexmedetomidine in the early postoperative period after arthroscopic knee surgery. Gómez-Vázquez, ME; Hernández-Jiménez, A; Hernández-Salazar, E; Pérez-Sánchez, A; Salazar-Páramo, M; Zepeda-López, VA, 2007)	0.34
" The most frequent adverse events with dexmedetomidine were bradycardia and hypertension."	( Clinical analgesic efficacy and side effects of dexmedetomidine in the early postoperative period after arthroscopic knee surgery. Gómez-Vázquez, ME; Hernández-Jiménez, A; Hernández-Salazar, E; Pérez-Sánchez, A; Salazar-Páramo, M; Zepeda-López, VA, 2007)	0.34
"Two large database studies have helped to define the frequency and nature of adverse events in pediatric sedation/anesthesia practice from a multispecialty perspective."	( Risk and safety of pediatric sedation/anesthesia for procedures outside the operating room. Cravero, JP, 2009)	0.35
"The latest publications continue to document a relatively low risk to pediatric sedation yet also warn us about the potential adverse events in this field."	( Risk and safety of pediatric sedation/anesthesia for procedures outside the operating room. Cravero, JP, 2009)	0.35
" pharmacokinetics), consideration of potential adverse effects in susceptible patients, and utilization of sedation-minimizing strategies."	( Optimizing sustained use of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients: focus on safety. Arnold, HM; Hollands, JM; Mice, ST; Skrupky, LP, 2010)	0.36
" Adverse events and patient recall were similar in both groups."	( A Phase IIIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study evaluating the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine for sedation during awake fiberoptic intubation. Bekker, AY; Bergese, SD; Bokesch, PM; Candiotti, KA; Wisemandle, W; Zura, A, )	0.13
" It is used off-label in pediatric patients due to its efficacy and lack of adverse respiratory effects."	( Dexmedetomidine: pediatric pharmacology, clinical uses and safety. Hammer, GB; Su, F, 2011)	0.37
" Further studies are needed to better define adverse effects following long-term infusions as well as in special populations such as pre-term infants."	( Dexmedetomidine: pediatric pharmacology, clinical uses and safety. Hammer, GB; Su, F, 2011)	0.37
" Our data suggest that increasing the dose of dexmedetomidine may not enhance sedation efficacy or lead to an increased incidence of adverse effects."	( High-dose dexmedetomidine for sedation in the intensive care unit: an evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety. Gerlach, AT; Goodman, EM; Jones, GM; Murphy, CV; Pell, LJ, 2011)	0.37
" The sedation assessment tool was used to assess effectiveness, and adverse effects were recorded."	( Dexmedetomidine in the emergency department: assessing safety and effectiveness in difficult-to-sedate acute behavioural disturbance. Calver, L; Isbister, GK, 2012)	0.38
"Intravenous dexmedetomidine for difficult-to-sedate patients with acute behavioural disturbance is not safe in the emergency department setting."	( Dexmedetomidine in the emergency department: assessing safety and effectiveness in difficult-to-sedate acute behavioural disturbance. Calver, L; Isbister, GK, 2012)	0.38
"Prolonged dexmedetomidine administration in children with heart disease appears to be safe and is associated with decreased opioid and benzodiazepine requirement and decreased inotropic support."	( Safety and efficacy of prolonged dexmedetomidine use in critically ill children with heart disease*. Gossett, JM; Gupta, P; Roth, SJ; Sabati, A; Tesoro, TM; Tobias, JD; Whiteside, W, 2012)	0.38
"The aim of this study was to explore the use of dexmedetomidine as a safe and efficacious sedative agent in post-cardiac surgery patients."	( Can dexmedetomidine be a safe and efficacious sedative agent in post-cardiac surgery patients? a meta-analysis. Chen, J; He, B; Lin, YY; Wang, ZN, 2012)	0.38
" Thus, dexmedetomidine could be a safe and efficacious sedative agent in cardiac surgical patients."	( Can dexmedetomidine be a safe and efficacious sedative agent in post-cardiac surgery patients? a meta-analysis. Chen, J; He, B; Lin, YY; Wang, ZN, 2012)	0.38
"Aim of the current meta-analysis was to assess the effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, and adverse events in comparison with placebo or opioids in children undergoing surgery."	( Efficacy and safety of intraoperative dexmedetomidine for acute postoperative pain in children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Kranke, P; Poepping, DM; Pogatzki-Zahn, EM; Reichl, SU; Schnabel, A; Zahn, PK, 2013)	0.39
" For dichotomous and continuous outcomes of efficacy and adverse events, the Revman(®) (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark) statistical software was used to calculate relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI)."	( Efficacy and safety of intraoperative dexmedetomidine for acute postoperative pain in children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Kranke, P; Poepping, DM; Pogatzki-Zahn, EM; Reichl, SU; Schnabel, A; Zahn, PK, 2013)	0.39
" Although there were only a limited number of adverse events, further studies focusing on procedure specific dexmedetomidine dosing and adverse events are urgently needed."	( Efficacy and safety of intraoperative dexmedetomidine for acute postoperative pain in children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Kranke, P; Poepping, DM; Pogatzki-Zahn, EM; Reichl, SU; Schnabel, A; Zahn, PK, 2013)	0.39
" Administration of DEX for children with heart failure appears to be safe but should be used cautiously."	( Safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in children with heart failure. Bryant, JC; Frazier, EA; Gossett, JM; Gupta, P; Kelkhoff, A; Lam, F; Ransom, C; Schmitz, ML; Seib, PM, 2013)	0.39
"The success rates of foreign body removal, the incidence of body movement and other perioperative adverse events, and hemodynamic changes were similar between the two groups."	( Efficacy and safety of spontaneous ventilation technique using dexmedetomidine for rigid bronchoscopic airway foreign body removal in children. Cai, Y; Chen, K; Li, W, 2013)	0.39
" There were no clinically significant adverse effects."	( The safety and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine during electrochemotherapy for facial vascular malformation: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Bai, X; Lu, L; Wang, X; Zhang, Q; Zhang, X, 2013)	0.39
" Fifty-six adverse events (AEs) were reported in 26 patients (62%); only 3 AEs (5%) were related to dexmedetomidine."	( A phase II/III, multicenter, safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic study of dexmedetomidine in preterm and term neonates. Chrysostomou, C; Cofer, BE; da Rocha, MG; Gramlich, L; Herrera Castellanos, M; Mitra, S; Schulman, SR; Wisemandle, WA, 2014)	0.4
" Aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of this additive on the duration of postoperative analgesia and possible adverse events in pediatrics undergoing orchidopexy or lower abdominal surgery."	( Analgesic effect and adverse events of dexmedetomidine as additive for pediatric caudal anesthesia: a meta-analysis. Chen, Z; Ding, X; Jin, S; Li, Q; Ren, H; Tong, Y, 2014)	0.4
"Dexmedetomidine as an additive to local anesthetic provides a significantly longer postoperative analgesia with comparable adverse effects and hemodynamic changes, when compared to local anesthetics alone."	( Analgesic effect and adverse events of dexmedetomidine as additive for pediatric caudal anesthesia: a meta-analysis. Chen, Z; Ding, X; Jin, S; Li, Q; Ren, H; Tong, Y, 2014)	0.4
" Adverse effects were recorded and treated."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine added to caudal bupivacaine in pediatric major abdominal cancer surgery. Alieldin, NH; Fares, KM; Othman, AH, )	0.13
"We conclude that intraperitoneal administration of Dex 1 μg/kg combined with bupivacaine improves the quality and the duration of postoperative analgesia and provides an analgesic sparing effect compared to bupivacaine alone without significant adverse effects in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery."	( Efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine with bupivacaine in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, a randomized trial. Abd El-Rahman, AM; Amin, AT; Fares, KM; Mohamed, AA; Mohamed, SA, 2015)	0.42
" Propofol-based sedation is simple, easy to use, and effective, but is not without cardiovascular and respiratory adverse effects."	( A randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety profile of a dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination with a propofol-fentanyl combination for ERCP. Goyal, R; Hasnain, S; Mittal, S; Shreevastava, S, 2016)	0.43
" The sedation-related adverse effects and recovery time were noted."	( A randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety profile of a dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination with a propofol-fentanyl combination for ERCP. Goyal, R; Hasnain, S; Mittal, S; Shreevastava, S, 2016)	0.43
"There were significantly fewer sedation-related adverse effects, but the recovery time was longer with DK."	( A randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety profile of a dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination with a propofol-fentanyl combination for ERCP. Goyal, R; Hasnain, S; Mittal, S; Shreevastava, S, 2016)	0.43
" Adverse events occurred in 3 of 30 cases."	( [Feasibility and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Sedation in Transarterial Embolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hepatitis C-Related Cirrhosis]. Harima, Y; Ikeda, K; Kariya, S; Komemushi, A; Kono, Y; Nakatani, M; Sano, A; Suzuki, S; Tanigawa, N; Utsunomiya, K; Yoshida, RY, 2015)	0.42
" The frequency of adverse events appeared due to the development of bradycardia, hypotension."	( [THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE FOR SEDATION OF PATIENTS DURING PROLONGED MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS (RUSSIAN MULTICENTER STUDY RESULTS)]. Eremenko, AA; Gritsan, AI; Kirov, MY; Lebedinsky, KM; Levit, AL; Nikoda, VV; Zabolotskikh, IB, )	0.13
" However, common adverse effects were lower heart rate and MAP."	( Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Preventing Postoperative Side Effects for Laparoscopic Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Trial Sequential Analysis (PRISMA). Cao, Y; Chen, Y; Lou, S; Tang, P; Wang, G; Wang, R; Zhang, L, 2016)	0.43
" When extubation is attempted, these medications must be discontinued because of the side effect of respiratory depression, leaving patients anxious and agitated, delaying extubation and prolonging the need for mechanical ventilation."	( A Pilot Study Implementing a Protocol Using Dexmedetomidine as a Safe Alternative to Traditional Sedation to Decrease Ventilator Days for Patients Difficult to Extubate. Becker, SE, )	0.13
" None of the patients experienced adverse reactions while on dexmedetomidine."	( A Pilot Study Implementing a Protocol Using Dexmedetomidine as a Safe Alternative to Traditional Sedation to Decrease Ventilator Days for Patients Difficult to Extubate. Becker, SE, )	0.13
"Dexmedetomidine was a safe alternative to traditional sedation for difficult-to-extubate patients when a bolus dose was not given."	( A Pilot Study Implementing a Protocol Using Dexmedetomidine as a Safe Alternative to Traditional Sedation to Decrease Ventilator Days for Patients Difficult to Extubate. Becker, SE, )	0.13
" Adverse effects were seen in patients sedated with dexmedetomidine with number needed to harm 8 for hypotension and 15 for bradycardia compared to none recorded in the propofol arm."	( Comparing the efficacy and safety between propofol and dexmedetomidine for sedation in claustrophobic adults undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (PADAM trial). Ariffin, MA; Chan, L; Lai, LL; Loh, PS; Rai, V; Ramli, N, 2016)	0.43
" Hypotension and bradycardia are common adverse effects observed with dexmedetomidine."	( Comparing the efficacy and safety between propofol and dexmedetomidine for sedation in claustrophobic adults undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (PADAM trial). Ariffin, MA; Chan, L; Lai, LL; Loh, PS; Rai, V; Ramli, N, 2016)	0.43
"This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in epidural procedures is generally safe and well tolerated."	( Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant in Epidural Analgesia and Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Luo, Y; Shi, M; Wang, D; Zhang, X, 2017)	0.46
" Anesthesia onset time, total number of intraoperative children movements, hemodynamics (heart rate, arterial pressure, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate), total cumulative dose of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil, the amount of midazolam and lidocaine, time to first dose of rescue midazolam and lidocaine, postoperative recovery time, adverse events, bronchoscopist satisfaction score were recorded."	( The safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine-remifentanil in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy: A retrospective dose-finding trial. Jin, S; Li, X; Li, Y; Wang, X; Zhang, D, 2017)	0.46
" However, the maximum safe dose of DEX is unclear, and its protective effects against lidocaine-related neurotoxicity need to be confirmed."	( Dexmedetomidine inhibits activation of the MAPK pathway and protects PC12 and NG108-15 cells from lidocaine-induced cytotoxicity at its maximum safe dose. Bi, X; Ruan, X; She, Y; Tan, Y; Wang, Q; Wei, W; Xu, Y; Zhang, N; Zhao, B, 2017)	0.46
"To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on perioperative cardiac adverse events in elderly patients with coronary heart disease."	( [Effects of dexmedetomidine on perioperative cardiac adverse events in elderly patients with  coronary heart disease]. Han, D; Shen, J; Sun, Y; Zhao, W; Zhu, K, 2017)	0.46
"To determine if self-administration of dexmedetomidine by patients is safe and acceptable for self-management of anxiety during ventilatory support."	( Safety and Acceptability of Patient-Administered Sedatives During Mechanical Ventilation. Chlan, LL; Hayes, SM; Hetland, BD; Savik, K; Skaar, DJ; Tracy, MF; Weinert, CR, 2017)	0.46
"For select patients, self-administration of dexmedetomidine is safe and acceptable."	( Safety and Acceptability of Patient-Administered Sedatives During Mechanical Ventilation. Chlan, LL; Hayes, SM; Hetland, BD; Savik, K; Skaar, DJ; Tracy, MF; Weinert, CR, 2017)	0.46
" Both propofol and dexmedetomidine proved to be adequate and safe medications in the sedation of autistic children undergoing MRI."	( A Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Children with Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorders Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Abulebda, K; Ahmed, SS; Louer, R; Lutfi, R, 2018)	0.48
" Proofs of the effect of OFA on reducing opioid-related adverse effects after major or intermediate non-cardiac surgery are still scarce."	( POFA trial study protocol: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial comparing opioid-free versus opioid anaesthesia on postoperative opioid-related adverse events after major or intermediate non-cardiac surgery. Asehnoune, K; Beloeil, H; Chanques, G; Cuvillon, P; Futier, E; Garot, M; Laviolle, B; Lecoeur, S; Menard, C; Minville, V; Nadaud, J; Oger, S; Paugam-Burtz, C, 2018)	0.48
" The primary outcome measure is the occurrence of a severe postoperative opioid-related adverse event within the first 48 hours after extubation defined as: postoperative hypoxaemia or postoperative ileus or postoperative cognitive dysfunction."	( POFA trial study protocol: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial comparing opioid-free versus opioid anaesthesia on postoperative opioid-related adverse events after major or intermediate non-cardiac surgery. Asehnoune, K; Beloeil, H; Chanques, G; Cuvillon, P; Futier, E; Garot, M; Laviolle, B; Lecoeur, S; Menard, C; Minville, V; Nadaud, J; Oger, S; Paugam-Burtz, C, 2018)	0.48
" Early use of DEX in infants/children receiving NIV for acute respiratory failure (ARF) should be considered safe and capable of improving NIV, thus permitting both lung recruitment and patient-ventilator synchronization."	( Dexmedetomidine is effective and safe during NIV in infants and young children with acute respiratory failure. Conti, G; De Luca, D; Gaddi, S; Genovese, O; Luca, E; Piastra, M; Picconi, E; Pizza, A, 2018)	0.48
" Endpoints such as hemodynamic indexes and adverse events in eligible studies were extracted by two researchers, independently."	( The efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in cardiac surgery patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cai, H; Li, Z; Lv, H; Niu, J; Wang, G, 2018)	0.48
" In this review, we focus on the advantages of dexmedetomidine in awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI), diagnostic examinations and surgeries of patients with obstructed airways, and reducing emergence delirium effectively without causing further adverse events."	( Enhanced Perioperative Safety and Comfort During Airway-Related Surgeries and Procedures With Dexmedetomidine-A Brief Review and Clinical Practice Experience. Chen, PH; Guo, SL; Hsiao, SY; Huang, WH; Wang, JC; Wong, CS; Yang, TS, 2018)	0.48
"Patients receiving DEX for ≥24 hours were retrospectively evaluated to analyze DEX indications, dosages, use of analgesics or sedatives, adverse events (AEs), withdrawal syndrome or delirium."	( Prolonged sedation in critically ill children: is dexmedetomidine a safe option for younger age? An off-label experience. Amigoni, A; Brugnaro, L; Campagnano, E; Daverio, M; Dusio, MP; Ferrario, S; Ferrero, F; Mondardini, MC; Rossetti, E; Savron, F; Sperotto, F; Vasile, B; Vitale, F, 2019)	0.51
"DEX was confirmed as useful and relatively safe drug for prolonged sedation in critically-ill children, particularly in younger ages."	( Prolonged sedation in critically ill children: is dexmedetomidine a safe option for younger age? An off-label experience. Amigoni, A; Brugnaro, L; Campagnano, E; Daverio, M; Dusio, MP; Ferrario, S; Ferrero, F; Mondardini, MC; Rossetti, E; Savron, F; Sperotto, F; Vasile, B; Vitale, F, 2019)	0.51
" The outcome measures were amount of midazolam, adverse events associated with sedation, and hemodynamics."	( Dexmedetomidine is safe and reduces the additional dose of midazolam for sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in very elderly patients. Andoh, A; Bamba, S; Fujimoto, T; Hasegawa, H; Imai, T; Inatomi, O; Nishida, A; Sugimoto, M; Takahashi, K; Yamashita, N; Yokota, Y, 2018)	0.48
"We hypothesize that applying sufficient analgesia in combination with minimal sedation will act as an effective and safe antihypertensive strategy in ICH and that this treatment strategy could, therefore, be widely used as an ICH acute-phase therapy."	( Safety and efficacy of applying sufficient analgesia combined with a minimal sedation program as an early antihypertensive treatment for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial. Chen, P; Chen, W; Dong, R; Li, F; Maegele, M; Xu, Y; Yang, H, 2018)	0.48
" Finally, the occurrence of adverse events, between BU and DEX + BU group, was not statistically significant (RR=0."	( The Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Bupivacaine on Caudal Epidural Block in Children: A Meta-Analysis. Cui, J; Li, S; Tan, X; Tu, Z, 2019)	0.51
"In a selected population of pediatric patients, buccal dexmedetomidine with or without midazolam provides adequate sedation for most MRI studies with few adverse effects, but given a failure rate of almost 20%, modifications to buccal dexmedetomidine dosing should be investigated."	( Safety and Efficacy of Buccal Dexmedetomidine for MRI Sedation in School-Aged Children. Boriosi, JP; Eickhoff, JC; Hollman, GA, 2019)	0.51
"Dexmedetomidine is a useful and safe drug in combination with lignocaine bupivacaine in peribulbar for vitreoretinal surgery as it maintains hemodynamic stability and provides sedation, which enables full cooperation and potentially better operating conditions."	( Evaluation of the effect and safety of dexmedetomidine as an additive to local anesthesia in peribulbar block for vitreoretinal surgery. Agarwal, M; Gautam, P; Gujral, GS; Shrivastav, A; Singh, S, 2019)	0.51
" Potential adverse effects that have not been rigorously evaluated in children include its effects on blood glucose and serum potassium concentrations, which are relevant due to the associations of derangements of both parameters with undesired outcomes."	( Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Blood Glucose and Serum Potassium Levels in Children Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Secondary Analysis of Safety Endpoints During a Randomized Controlled Trial. Brant, RF; Brodie, SM; Görges, M; Poznikoff, AK; West, NC; Whyte, SD, 2019)	0.51
"We performed a systematic review focusing on adverse events."	( Perioperative adverse events attributed to α2-adrenoceptor agonists in patients not at risk of cardiovascular events: systematic review and meta-analysis. Antunes, T; Demiri, M; Fletcher, D; Martinez, V, 2019)	0.51
"Pooled data for the incidence of adverse events associated with use of α2-adrenoceptor agonists in various perioperative contexts provide high-confidence evidence for a risk of hypotension and bradycardia, and protective effects against hypertension and tachycardia."	( Perioperative adverse events attributed to α2-adrenoceptor agonists in patients not at risk of cardiovascular events: systematic review and meta-analysis. Antunes, T; Demiri, M; Fletcher, D; Martinez, V, 2019)	0.51
" Safety will be assessed by collecting any potentially related adverse event."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine for prevention of withdrawal syndrome in the pediatric intensive care unit: protocol for an adaptive, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, non-profit clinical trial. Amigoni, A; Caligiuri, MF; Caramelli, F; Cecini, MT; Conti, G; Daverio, M; Gregori, D; Mancino, A; Mondardini, MC; Pettenazzo, A; Piastra, M; Sperotto, F; Vitale, F, 2019)	0.51
" The outcomes contained bleeding condition of surgical site, hemodynamic parameters, duration of surgeries, number of patients requiring opioid/analgesia administration, recovery period, and adverse events emerged during surgeries."	( Comparison of effects and safety in providing controlled hypotension during surgery between dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Chen, S; Lang, B; Li, FS; Lin, Y; Zhang, L; Zhang, W, 2020)	0.56
" We also evaluated the safety profile of dexmedetomidine and the risk factors associated with adverse events."	( Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine for Prolonged Sedation in the PICU: A Prospective Multicenter Study (PROSDEX). Amigoni, A; Daverio, M; Dell'Oste, C; Dusio, MP; Ferrario, S; Ferrero, F; Lapi, M; Mondardini, MC; Rossetti, E; Sperotto, F; Vitale, F, 2020)	0.56
" Thirty-seven percent of patients showed hemodynamic changes, and 9% displayed hemodynamic adverse events that required intervention (dose reduction in 79% of cases)."	( Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine for Prolonged Sedation in the PICU: A Prospective Multicenter Study (PROSDEX). Amigoni, A; Daverio, M; Dell'Oste, C; Dusio, MP; Ferrario, S; Ferrero, F; Lapi, M; Mondardini, MC; Rossetti, E; Sperotto, F; Vitale, F, 2020)	0.56
" Adverse events are mainly hemodynamic and are reversible following dose reduction."	( Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine for Prolonged Sedation in the PICU: A Prospective Multicenter Study (PROSDEX). Amigoni, A; Daverio, M; Dell'Oste, C; Dusio, MP; Ferrario, S; Ferrero, F; Lapi, M; Mondardini, MC; Rossetti, E; Sperotto, F; Vitale, F, 2020)	0.56
" Alternative or mitigating strategies to counteract such adverse effects are desirable."	( Neurotoxicity of sub-anesthetic doses of sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine co-administration in neonatal rats. Brambrink, AM; Grafe, MR; Neudecker, V; Perez-Zoghbi, JF; Zhu, W, 2020)	0.56
"Intranasal dexmedetomidine was a safe and effective sedative for minor paediatric procedures."	( Systematic review and meta-analysis found that intranasal dexmedetomidine was a safe and effective sedative drug during paediatric procedural sedation. Kallio, M; Peltoniemi, O; Pokka, T; Tervonen, M, 2020)	0.56
" Adverse effect profiles and clinical outcome, in the cohorts are largely similar."	( DEXmedetomidine compared to PROpofol in NEurocritical Care [DEXPRONE]: A multicenter retrospective evaluation of clinical utility and safety. Armahizer, MJ; Heavner, MS; Kurczewski, L; Maciel, CB; Owusu, KA; Zichichi, A, 2020)	0.56
"BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that intravenous dexmedetomidine is safe and effective when administered to women before and during cesarean section."	( Retrospective Comparison of the Safety and Effectiveness of Dexmedetomidine Versus Standard of Care Before and During Cesarean Delivery in a Maternity Unit in Zhengzhou, China. Ma, L; Shi, X; Wang, J; Zhao, W, 2020)	0.56
"03), and adverse events (RR = 1."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: Evidence from randomized controlled trials. Dong, Q; Li, C; Xiao, F; Xie, Y, 2020)	0.56
" There were no significant differences in adverse effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, post-operative nausea and vomiting, urinary retention and respiratory depression."	( Efficacy and safety of caudal dexmedetomidine in pediatric infra-umbilical surgery: a meta-analysis and trial-sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. Karuppiaah, N; Martin, J; Nguyen, D; Sehmbi, H; Shah, UJ, 2021)	0.62
"Dexmedetomidine use was safe and associated with a reduction in agitation in traumatic brain injury patients in the 96 hours following its initiation."	( Safety of dexmedetomidine for the control of agitation in critically ill traumatic brain injury patients: a descriptive study. Albert, M; Bernard, F; Bilodeau, V; Burry, L; Frenette, AJ; Saavedra-Mitjans, M; Williamson, DR, 2021)	0.62
" The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of adverse events in CICU patients treated with dexmedetomidine."	( Safety of dexmedetomidine in the cardiac intensive care unit. Abdul-Aziz, AA; Adie, SK; Farina, N; Konerman, MC; Lee, R; Thomas, MP, 2021)	0.62
" The primary outcome was the composite of adverse events including bradycardia, hypotension, increasing vasopressor/inotrope requirements, and asystole."	( Safety of dexmedetomidine in the cardiac intensive care unit. Abdul-Aziz, AA; Adie, SK; Farina, N; Konerman, MC; Lee, R; Thomas, MP, 2021)	0.62
"Patients admitted to the CICU experienced a high rate of adverse events with dexmedetomidine use."	( Safety of dexmedetomidine in the cardiac intensive care unit. Abdul-Aziz, AA; Adie, SK; Farina, N; Konerman, MC; Lee, R; Thomas, MP, 2021)	0.62
"Propofol and dexmedetomidine may cause hemodynamic adverse effects (AEs) and more data are needed in a trauma and surgical population."	( Hemodynamic Adverse Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in a Critically Ill Trauma and Surgical Population: A Retrospective Cohort. Cucci, MD; Frazee, LA; Mullen, C; Nicholson, CR, )	0.13
" This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and adverse events of DEX in maintaining hemodynamic stability in pediatric cardiac surgery."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in maintaining hemodynamic stability in pediatric cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, C; Wang, L; Wang, Q, )	0.13
"The application of DEX for preoperative prophylaxis and postoperative recovery in pediatric cardiac surgery patients are effective in maintaining hemodynamic stability, and the clinical dose of DEX is not significantly related to the occurrence of pediatric adverse events which may be related to individual differences."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in maintaining hemodynamic stability in pediatric cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, C; Wang, L; Wang, Q, )	0.13
" Secondary outcomes included length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, length of hospital stay, and adverse events (bradycardia)."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in sepsis patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Liao, P; Liu, Z; Yang, B; Zeng, Y, 2022)	0.72
" Intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine is reported to be efficacious and safe in adults."	( Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Elderly Patients (Aged > 65 Years) During Maxillofacial Surgery: Sedative Properties and Safety Analysis. Cao, Y; Ding, M; Wu, Y; Xu, X, 2022)	0.72
"Dexmedetomidine is a safe and effective adjunct to propofol."	( Safety and Efficacy of IV Dexmedetomidine as an Adjunct to Propofol to Sedate Anxious and Uncooperative Pediatric Dental Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Gauba, K; Goyal, A; Jain, K; Kapur, A; Rehman, F, 2021)	0.62
" Compared with oral CH, intranasal dexmedetomidine significantly decreased the incidence of adverse events, including vomiting, but increased the incidence of bradycardia."	( Efficacy and safety of intranasal dexmedetomidine versus oral chloral hydrate as sedatives for pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Huang, C; Li, N; Li, Y; Shi, B; Tang, W; Wang, J; Xia, Z; Xiao, S; Xu, H, 2022)	0.72
"The surgery for PD catheter placement by open surgery under DEX and local anesthesia in elderly patients is safe and effective."	( Safety of peritoneal dialysis catheter surgery under dexmedetomidine and local anesthesia for elderly patients in Japan: a single-center prospective cohort study. Anan, G; Endo, A; Fukunaga, T; Hashimoto, H; Hirose, T; Hoshino, K; Ishiyama, K; Ito, H; Kimura, T; Miyake, Y; Mori, T; Nakayama, S; Tajima, R, 2022)	0.72
" Secondary outcome measures were vital signs, quality of sedation, time need for the procedure, recovery time, intra-operative and post-operative adverse sequelae."	( A double-blind randomized controlled trial to compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with ketamine in uncooperative and anxious paediatric dental patients requiring pulpectomy. Gupta, N; Haider, K; Mittal, N; Srivastava, B, 2022)	0.72
"Dexmedetomidine either alone or in combination with ketamine proved to be a safe and efficacious agent for paediatric dental sedation."	( A double-blind randomized controlled trial to compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with ketamine in uncooperative and anxious paediatric dental patients requiring pulpectomy. Gupta, N; Haider, K; Mittal, N; Srivastava, B, 2022)	0.72
" The incidence of hemodynamic and respiratory adverse events, arterial blood gas analysis, induction and recovery time, pain score, infusion rate of remifentanil, satisfaction of the surgeon and patient, additional sedatives were collected for analysis and comparison."	( Comparison of the efficacy and safety of sedation protocols with the use of dexmedetomidine-remifentanil and propofol-remifentanil during percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects: a randomized clinical trial. Chen, XL; Huang, WH; Zhang, GC; Zheng, YH, 2022)	0.72
" There was no difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events (6 [20."	( Comparison of the efficacy and safety of sedation protocols with the use of dexmedetomidine-remifentanil and propofol-remifentanil during percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects: a randomized clinical trial. Chen, XL; Huang, WH; Zhang, GC; Zheng, YH, 2022)	0.72
" The hemodynamic stability was comparable, the dexmedetomidine-remifentanil protocol had superior airway security due to fewer hypercapnia and respiratory adverse events."	( Comparison of the efficacy and safety of sedation protocols with the use of dexmedetomidine-remifentanil and propofol-remifentanil during percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects: a randomized clinical trial. Chen, XL; Huang, WH; Zhang, GC; Zheng, YH, 2022)	0.72
"Sufentanil combined with ropivacaine is commonly used for epidural labor analgesia, but it may cause some adverse effects."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine versus sufentanil-ropivacaine for epidural labor analgesia: a randomized controlled trial. Cao, R; Fan, M; Hu, L; Li, J; Lu, S, 2022)	0.72
" Secondary outcomes included the duration of labor stages and adverse reactions of parturient women and newborns."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine versus sufentanil-ropivacaine for epidural labor analgesia: a randomized controlled trial. Cao, R; Fan, M; Hu, L; Li, J; Lu, S, 2022)	0.72
" The incidence of adverse reactions in parturient women and newborns was low in both groups."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine versus sufentanil-ropivacaine for epidural labor analgesia: a randomized controlled trial. Cao, R; Fan, M; Hu, L; Li, J; Lu, S, 2022)	0.72
" CONCLUSIONS High-dose dexmedetomidine with a single dose of midazolam might be an effective combination at the induction stage for pediatric sedation for MRI, with very few adverse events."	( Safety of Dexmedetomidine as an Alternative Pediatric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Sedative: A Retrospective Single-Center Study. Bukauskas, T; Liaudanskytė, K; Lukošienė, L; Macas, A; Razlevičė, I; Stremaitytė, V, 2022)	0.72
" Safety of the sedatives was evaluated by adverse events during hospitalization."	( Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Besylate versus Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Non-Intubated Older Patients with Agitated Delirium After Orthopedic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Deng, Y; Ju, X; Liu, L; Qin, Z; Wu, Q; Yang, X; Zhang, Y, 2022)	0.72
"Perioperative respiratory adverse events (PRAEs) are the most common complication during pediatric anesthesia, and they may be affected by the administration of preoperative sedatives."	( Effect of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine or Midazolam for Premedication on the Occurrence of Respiratory Adverse Events in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Chen, C; Liu, H; Shen, F; Wang, X; Xia, J; Xu, Y; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Y, 2022)	0.72
"76), but no other serious clinical adverse events were observed."	( Effect of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine or Midazolam for Premedication on the Occurrence of Respiratory Adverse Events in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Chen, C; Liu, H; Shen, F; Wang, X; Xia, J; Xu, Y; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Y, 2022)	0.72
" Based on these findings, further dose titration and investigation of analgesic and adverse effects are warranted."	( Concentrations of dexmedetomidine and effect on biomarkers of cartilage toxicity following intra-articular administration in horses. Harrison, LM; Kass, PH; Knych, HK; Mama, K; McKemie, DS; Oakleaf, M, 2022)	0.72
"The combination of ketamine-dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation during ERCP is a safe alternative to ketamine-propofol with a better respiratory profile."	( Ketamine and dexmedetomidine (Keto-dex) or ketamine and propofol (Keto-fol) for procedural sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: Which is safer? A randomized clinical trial. Ahuja, V; Aravindan, A; Datta, PK; Ganesh, V; Iyer, KV; Khanna, P; Maitra, S; Sarkar, S; Singh, A, 2022)	0.72
" Notably, no serious adverse effects were reported in any of the included studies."	( Efficacy and safety of intravenous dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to general anesthesia in gynecological surgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hung, TY; Lin, MC; Lin, YC; Wang, YL, 2023)	0.91
"The onset and duration of sensory block and analgesia, hemodynamic parameters, and adverse effects were recorded."	( Hemodynamic Safety and Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Superficial Cervical Block Quality for Carotid Endarterectomy: A Prospective Study. Lijovic, L; Pazur, I; Perisa, N; Radocaj, T; Skrtic, M, 2023)	0.91
"5% levobupivacaine and 2% lidocaine for SCB did not influence the hemodynamics and frequency of adverse effects."	( Hemodynamic Safety and Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Superficial Cervical Block Quality for Carotid Endarterectomy: A Prospective Study. Lijovic, L; Pazur, I; Perisa, N; Radocaj, T; Skrtic, M, 2023)	0.91
" Dexmedetomidine has a safe profile in the pediatric population and can therefore represent an interesting alternative."	( Prospective, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial comparing the safety and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine to oral midazolam as premedication for propofol sedation in pediatric patients undergoing magnet Caruso, G; De Pooter, F; Fils, JF; Giancursio, M; Schmartz, D; Van der Linden, P; Wabelo, ON, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" We have determined the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions between dexmedetomidine and isoflurane in volunteers."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine on isoflurane requirements in healthy volunteers. 1: Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions. Amin, D; Jones, RM; Khan, ZP; Mant, TG; Munday, IT; Thornton, C, 1999)	0.3
"The pharmacodynamic (PD) interaction between the benzodiazepine agonist midazolam and the alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine was characterized for defined measures of anesthetic action and cardiovascular and ventilatory side effects in 33 rats."	( Quantification of pharmacodynamic interactions between dexmedetomidine and midazolam in the rat. Bol, CJ; Mandema, JW; Tang, JP; Vogelaar, JP, 2000)	0.31
" Two-compartmental pharmacokinetic models were fit to the drug concentration versus time data."	( The pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in volunteers with severe renal impairment. Avram, MJ; De Wolf, AM; Fitzgerald, PC; Fragen, RJ; Rahimi-Danesh, F, 2001)	0.31
" Pharmacokinetic variables were estimated using non-compartmental methods."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine infusions for sedation of postoperative patients requiring intensive caret. Grounds, RM; Karol, MD; Venn, RM, 2002)	0.31
"Mean dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetic variables seen in postoperative, intensive care patients were similar to those previously found in volunteers, with the exception of the steady-state volume of distribution."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine infusions for sedation of postoperative patients requiring intensive caret. Grounds, RM; Karol, MD; Venn, RM, 2002)	0.31
" Pharmacokinetic variables were determined using nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM program)."	( A phase I, two-center study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine in children. James, M; Lerman, J; Petroz, GC; Schily, M; Shafer, SL; Sikich, N; van Dyk, H, 2006)	0.33
" The terminal half-life was 110 min (1."	( A phase I, two-center study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine in children. James, M; Lerman, J; Petroz, GC; Schily, M; Shafer, SL; Sikich, N; van Dyk, H, 2006)	0.33
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a two-compartment model."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in postsurgical pediatric intensive care unit patients: preliminary study. Capparelli, EV; Díaz, SM; Foley, J; Rodarte, A, 2007)	0.34
" Pharmacokinetic calculations were based on non-compartmental methods."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous dexmedetomidine in children under 11 yr of age. Aantaa, R; Kaisti, K; Manner, T; Olkkola, KT; Rautiainen, P; Scheinin, M; Vilo, S, 2008)	0.35
"05), and for elimination half-life 139 (90-198) and 96 (69-140) min (P<0."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous dexmedetomidine in children under 11 yr of age. Aantaa, R; Kaisti, K; Manner, T; Olkkola, KT; Rautiainen, P; Scheinin, M; Vilo, S, 2008)	0.35
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds. Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)	0.35
" This study aimed to investigate the pharmacodynamic interaction of propofol and dexmedetomidine when used in combination for children undergoing EGD."	( Determination of the pharmacodynamic interaction of propofol and dexmedetomidine during esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. Chen, MI; Drover, DR; Golianu, B; Hammer, GB; Sam, WJ, 2009)	0.35
"A rapid, sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the determination and pharmacokinetic investigation of dexmedetomidine (DMED) in human plasma."	( Determination of dexmedetomidine in human plasma using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection: application to a pharmacokinetic study. Chen, Y; Feng, S; Li, W; Tian, Y; Wu, L; Zhang, Z, 2009)	0.35
"Published dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetic studies in children are limited by participant numbers and restricted pathology."	( Dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics in pediatric intensive care--a pooled analysis. Anderson, BJ; Diaz, SM; Lerman, J; Potts, AL; Vilo, S; Warman, GR, 2009)	0.35
" administration (n = 95) were combined to undertake a population pharmacokinetic analysis of dexmedetomidine time-concentration profiles (730 observations) using nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM)."	( Dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics in pediatric intensive care--a pooled analysis. Anderson, BJ; Diaz, SM; Lerman, J; Potts, AL; Vilo, S; Warman, GR, 2009)	0.35
" Only limited pharmacokinetic data are available for pediatric patients."	( Population pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in infants after open heart surgery. Adamson, PC; Barrett, JS; Gastonguay, MR; Godinez, RI; Kang, DS; Nicolson, SC; Su, F; Zuppa, AF, 2010)	0.36
" The final pharmacokinetic parameter values were as follows: V1 =63."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in Chinese post-surgical intensive care unit patients. Bai, J; Guo, X; Lin, L; Qu, CJ; Sun, Y; Zhang, MZ, 2011)	0.37
"This study identified (i) the effect of height on the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine; (ii) that there is no influence of age, gender, weight, LBM, BSA and BMI on pharmacokinetic parameters; and (iii) it established a preliminary population pharmacokinetic model for Chinese patients."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in Chinese post-surgical intensive care unit patients. Bai, J; Guo, X; Lin, L; Qu, CJ; Sun, Y; Zhang, MZ, 2011)	0.37
"The purpose of this study is to develop a statistical methodology to handle a large proportion of artifactual outliers in a population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling."	( A Bayesian hierarchical nonlinear mixture model in the presence of artifactual outliers in a population pharmacokinetic study. Caffo, BS; Choi, L; Ely, EW; Kohli, U; Kurnik, D; Pandharipande, P; Stein, CM, 2011)	0.37
" Plasma dexmedetomidine and H-3 metabolite concentrations were measured, and pharmacokinetic variables were calculated with standard noncompartmental methods."	( Pharmacokinetics of prolonged infusion of high-dose dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients. Aantaa, R; Ahtola-Sätilä, T; Garratt, C; Iirola, T; Kentala, E; Lahtinen, M; Laitio, R; Olkkola, KT; Wighton, A, 2011)	0.37
" We characterized the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients during long-term sedation using a population pharmacokinetic approach."	( Population pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine during long-term sedation in intensive care patients. Aantaa, R; Ihmsen, H; Iirola, T; Kentala, E; Kurvinen, JP; Laitio, R; Olkkola, KT; Scheinin, M; Schüttler, J; Schwilden, H, 2012)	0.38
" In elderly patients and in patients with hypoalbuminaemia, the elimination half-life and the context-sensitive half-time of dexmedetomidine were prolonged."	( Population pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine during long-term sedation in intensive care patients. Aantaa, R; Ihmsen, H; Iirola, T; Kentala, E; Kurvinen, JP; Laitio, R; Olkkola, KT; Scheinin, M; Schüttler, J; Schwilden, H, 2012)	0.38
"This population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to quantify the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients following infusions up to 14 days in duration."	( Population pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients. Ahtola-Sätilä, T; Garratt, C; Pohjanjousi, P; Sarapohja, T; Välitalo, PA; Wighton, A, 2013)	0.39
"To investigate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic profile of dexmedetomidine in preterm and full-term neonates ≥ 28 to ≤ 44 weeks gestational age."	( A phase II/III, multicenter, safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic study of dexmedetomidine in preterm and term neonates. Chrysostomou, C; Cofer, BE; da Rocha, MG; Gramlich, L; Herrera Castellanos, M; Mitra, S; Schulman, SR; Wisemandle, WA, 2014)	0.4
" Though there was significant variability in pharmacokinetic variables, group I appeared to have lower weight-adjusted plasma clearance (0."	( A phase II/III, multicenter, safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic study of dexmedetomidine in preterm and term neonates. Chrysostomou, C; Cofer, BE; da Rocha, MG; Gramlich, L; Herrera Castellanos, M; Mitra, S; Schulman, SR; Wisemandle, WA, 2014)	0.4
" The objective of the study was to compare the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of dexmedetomidine in healthy volunteers with volunteers with seizure disorders receiving enzyme-inducing anticonvulsant medications."	( Enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants increase plasma clearance of dexmedetomidine: a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study. Flexman, AM; Garcia, PA; Riggs, KW; Shih, T; Talke, PO; Vacas, S; Wong, H, 2014)	0.4
" Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on both groups, and differences between groups were determined using the standard two-stage approach."	( Enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants increase plasma clearance of dexmedetomidine: a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study. Flexman, AM; Garcia, PA; Riggs, KW; Shih, T; Talke, PO; Vacas, S; Wong, H, 2014)	0.4
" Blood for pharmacokinetic analysis was sampled pre-insult and frequently post-insult."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine combined with therapeutic hypothermia in a piglet asphyxia model. Anderson, B; Broad, K; Ezzati, M; Faulkner, S; Fierens, I; Fleiss, B; Gressens, P; Hassell, J; Kawano, G; Maze, M; Robertson, NJ; Rostami, J; Sanders, RD; Sleigh, JW, 2014)	0.4
" The median volume of distribution at steady-state and terminal half-life were 371 mL/kg (range, 266 to 435 mL/kg) and 31."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine after intravenous administration of a bolus to cats. Ilkiw, JE; Pypendop, BH, 2014)	0.4
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous dexmedetomidine in the horse. Grimsrud, KN; Mama, KR; Rezende, ML; Stanley, SD; Steffey, EP, 2015)	0.42
"The present study characterizes the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) relationships of the α2-adrenergic receptor agonists detomidine (DET), medetomidine (MED) and dexmedetomidine (DEX) in parallel groups of horses from in vivo data after single bolus doses."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis comparing diverse effects of detomidine, medetomidine, and dexmedetomidine in the horse: a population analysis. Ait-Oudhia, S; Durbin-Johnson, BP; Grimsrud, KN; Jusko, WJ; Mama, KR; Rezende, ML; Rocke, DM; Stanley, SD, 2015)	0.42
" Seven horses received an infusion of 8 μg dexmedetomidine/kg/h for 150 min, venous blood samples were collected, and dexmedetomidine concentrations were assayed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and analyzed using noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis."	( The pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine administered as a constant rate infusion in horses. Haga, HA; Landsem, R; Ranheim, B; Risberg, ÅI; Spadavecchia, C, 2015)	0.42
" There are no pharmacodynamic data regarding the addition of dexmedetomidine to local anaesthetics for perineural administration."	( A pharmacodynamic evaluation of dexmedetomidine as an additive drug to ropivacaine for peripheral nerve blockade: A randomised, triple-blind, controlled study in volunteers. Keplinger, M; Kettner, SC; Kimberger, O; Marhofer, D; Marhofer, P; Zeitlinger, M, 2015)	0.42
"Several pharmacokinetic models are available for dexmedetomidine, but these have been shown to underestimate plasma concentrations."	( Development of an Optimized Pharmacokinetic Model of Dexmedetomidine Using Target-controlled Infusion in Healthy Volunteers. Absalom, AR; Eleveld, DJ; Hannivoort, LN; Proost, JH; Reyntjens, KM; Struys, MM; Vereecke, HE, 2015)	0.42
"5%; elimination half-life decreased by 33."	( Effects of mild hypoalbuminemia on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine in patients after major abdominal or thoracic surgery. Deng, Y; He, P; He, Z; Wang, X; Zhang, T, 2015)	0.42
"Sedation and adverse reactions of dexmedetomidine infusion did not differ significantly between patients with mild hypoalbuminemia and normoalbuminemia, although its volume of distribution at steady state increased and elimination half-life shortened in patients with hypoalbuminemia."	( Effects of mild hypoalbuminemia on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine in patients after major abdominal or thoracic surgery. Deng, Y; He, P; He, Z; Wang, X; Zhang, T, 2015)	0.42
" Population pharmacokinetic modeling was undertaken to investigate fat free mass (FFM) and normal fat mass (NFM) as size descriptors of volumes and clearances using non-linear mixed effects modeling."	( Dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics in the obese. Allende, FA; Anderson, BJ; Auad, H; Cortínez, LI; de la Fuente, N; Holford, NH; Ibacache, M; Puga, V; Solari, S, 2015)	0.42
" The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of dexmedetomidine between elderly and young patients during spinal anesthesia."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of dexmedetomidine in elderly patients during spinal anesthesia. Duan, KM; Guo, CX; Huang, J; Kuang, Y; Ouyang, W; Pei, Q; Tan, HY; Wang, SY; Xiang, YX; Yang, GP; Zhang, RR, 2015)	0.42
" Plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine were detected by the HPLC-MS/MS method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using WinNolin software."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of dexmedetomidine in elderly patients during spinal anesthesia. Duan, KM; Guo, CX; Huang, J; Kuang, Y; Ouyang, W; Pei, Q; Tan, HY; Wang, SY; Xiang, YX; Yang, GP; Zhang, RR, 2015)	0.42
"There was no significant difference between the elderly and young subjects in major pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of dexmedetomidine in elderly patients during spinal anesthesia. Duan, KM; Guo, CX; Huang, J; Kuang, Y; Ouyang, W; Pei, Q; Tan, HY; Wang, SY; Xiang, YX; Yang, GP; Zhang, RR, 2015)	0.42
" A population pharmacokinetic model for dexmedetomidine was constructed using a nonlinear mixed effects model (NONMEM)."	( Population pharmacokinetics study of dexmedetomidine in Chinese adult patients during spinal anesthesia. Duan, KM; Guo, CX; Hou, GF; Huang, J; Huang, L; Kuang, Y; Li, JL; Ouyang, W; Pei, Q; Tan, HY; Wang, SY; Xiang, YX; Yang, G; Zhang, RR, 2016)	0.43
" The population pharmacokinetic of dexmedetomidine was generally in line with results from previous studies."	( Population pharmacokinetics study of dexmedetomidine in Chinese adult patients during spinal anesthesia. Duan, KM; Guo, CX; Hou, GF; Huang, J; Huang, L; Kuang, Y; Li, JL; Ouyang, W; Pei, Q; Tan, HY; Wang, SY; Xiang, YX; Yang, G; Zhang, RR, 2016)	0.43
" Median (range) volume of the central compartment (mL/kg), volume of distribution at steady state (mL/kg), clearance (mL min/kg) and terminal half-life (min) were 342 (131-660), 829 (496-1243), 14."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine, MK-467, and their combination following intravenous administration in male cats. Honkavaara, J; Ilkiw, JE; Pypendop, BH, 2016)	0.43
" Blood samples were collected for quantification via liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and pharmacokinetic analysis."	( Pharmacokinetics of detomidine following intravenous or oral-transmucosal administration and sedative effects of the oral-transmucosal treatment in dogs. Hopfensperger, M; Knych, HK; Messenger, KM; Papich, MG, 2016)	0.43
" Pharmacokinetic modeling was performed by population analysis using linear compartment models."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine After Short Intravenous Infusion in Chinese Children. Ihmsen, H; Lian, QQ; Liu, HC; Schüttler, J; Sun, W; Wang, CY; Wu, FF; Zheng, LD, 2017)	0.46
"Chinese children showed a similar clearance, but larger volumes of distribution and longer terminal half-life when compared to studies in Caucasians."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine After Short Intravenous Infusion in Chinese Children. Ihmsen, H; Lian, QQ; Liu, HC; Schüttler, J; Sun, W; Wang, CY; Wu, FF; Zheng, LD, 2017)	0.46
"A rapid, sensitive, and selective ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the determination and pharmacokinetic investigation of dexmedetomidine in children's plasma."	( Determination of dexmedetomidine in children's plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and application to pharmacokinetic study. Ge, RS; Liu, HC; Sun, W; Wang, CY; Wang, Z; Ying, WY; Zeng, RF; Zheng, LD, 2016)	0.43
" This work demonstrated the usefulness of Bayesian modeling with informative priors in analyzing pharmacokinetic data and comparing it with existing literature knowledge."	( The pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine during long-term infusion in critically ill pediatric patients. A Bayesian approach with informative priors. Bartkowska-Śniatkowska, A; Bienert, A; Borsuk, A; Grześkowiak, E; Kaliszan, R; Rosada-Kurasińska, J; Siluk, D; Szerkus, O; Warzybok, J; Wiczling, P, 2016)	0.43
"This randomised, controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of different doses of perineural dexmedetomidine on the pharmacodynamic profile of femoral nerve block in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery."	( The effects of perineural dexmedetomidine on the pharmacodynamic profile of femoral nerve block: a dose-finding randomised, controlled, double-blind study. Abdulatif, M; Fawzy, M; Hasanin, A; Mohamed, H; Nassar, H; Ollaek, M, 2016)	0.43
" For pharmacokinetic evaluation, blood samples were collected over 12 hours and serum samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry."	( Pharmacokinetics and sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in dairy calves. Boccardo, A; Cagnardi, P; Capolongo, F; Di Cesare, F; Lucatello, L; Pravettoni, D; Ravasio, G; Villa, R, 2017)	0.46
"Despite limited pharmacokinetic (PK) data, dexmedetomidine is increasingly being used off-label for sedation in infants."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine in Infants. Capparelli, E; Cohen-Wolkowiez, M; Greenberg, RG; Laughon, M; Rowe, S; Smith, PB; Wu, H; Zimmerman, KO, 2017)	0.46
" Covariate analysis revealed no significant covariates apart from age on the baseline MAP in the population pharmacokinetic model used to develop this PKPD model."	( Dexmedetomidine pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers: 2. Haemodynamic profile. Absalom, AR; Colin, PJ; Eleveld, DJ; Hannivoort, LN; Reyntjens, KMEM; Struys, MMRF; Vereecke, HEM, 2017)	0.46
"Little information is available on the predictive ability of previously published pharmacokinetic models of dexmedetomidine in patients under spinal anesthesia."	( Evaluation of pharmacokinetic models of intravenous dexmedetomidine in sedated patients under spinal anesthesia. Hakozaki, T; Hosono, A; Imaizumi, T; Iseki, Y; Murakawa, M; Obara, S; Sanbe, N, 2018)	0.48
" The pharmacokinetic model reported by Hannivoort et al."	( Evaluation of pharmacokinetic models of intravenous dexmedetomidine in sedated patients under spinal anesthesia. Hakozaki, T; Hosono, A; Imaizumi, T; Iseki, Y; Murakawa, M; Obara, S; Sanbe, N, 2018)	0.48
"'s pharmacokinetic model, constructed with a dataset obtained from healthy volunteers, can predict dexmedetomidine concentrations best during continuous infusion under spinal anesthesia."	( Evaluation of pharmacokinetic models of intravenous dexmedetomidine in sedated patients under spinal anesthesia. Hakozaki, T; Hosono, A; Imaizumi, T; Iseki, Y; Murakawa, M; Obara, S; Sanbe, N, 2018)	0.48
" In the forward inclusion and backward deletion, covariates (age, weight, sex, height, lean body mass [LBM], body surface area [BSA], body mass index [BMI], plasma albumin and grouping factor [renal failure or not]) were tested for significant effects on pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine administered to patients with end-stage renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism undergoing general anaesthesia. Huang, XH; Li, R; Li, Y; Liu, QW; Zhang, MZ; Zhang, Y; Zhong, W, 2018)	0.48
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of dexmedetomidine in patients with end-stage renal failure and hyperparathyroidism were similar to those in patients with normal renal function."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine administered to patients with end-stage renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism undergoing general anaesthesia. Huang, XH; Li, R; Li, Y; Liu, QW; Zhang, MZ; Zhang, Y; Zhong, W, 2018)	0.48
" Our goal was to investigate the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD, vasoconstriction) effects of a computer-controlled dexmedetomidine infusion in healthy volunteers."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine-induced vasoconstriction in healthy volunteers. Anderson, BJ; Talke, P, 2018)	0.48
" A pharmacokinetic analysis was undertaken using non-linear mixed-effect models."	( Dexmedetomidine metabolic clearance is not affected by fat mass in obese patients. Allende, F; Anderson, BJ; Cabrera, D; Carmona, J; Contreras, V; Cortínez, LI; Ibacache, M; Oliveros, AM; Paredes, S; Quezada, N; Ramírez, C; Rolle, A; Solari, S; Torres, J, 2018)	0.48
"The pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of many drugs are altered as a consequence of the pathophysiological changes associated with critical illness."	( Altered Pharmacokinetics in Prolonged Infusions of Sedatives and Analgesics Among Adult Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review. Joynt, GM; Lee, A; Ling, L; Tse, AHW, 2018)	0.48
" Pharmacokinetic variables were calculated with noncompartmental methods and compared between 3 age groups (between 1 and 24 months, from 24 months to 6 years, and over 6-11 years)."	( Pharmacokinetics and Sedative Effects of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Ambulatory Pediatric Patients. Guillaume, S; Manner, T; Saari, TI; Scheinin, M; Siren, S; Uusalo, P; Vilo, S, 2020)	0.56
"0051), and the median (interquartile range [IQR]) time to reach peak concentration (tmax) was 37 minutes (30-45 minutes)."	( Pharmacokinetics and Sedative Effects of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Ambulatory Pediatric Patients. Guillaume, S; Manner, T; Saari, TI; Scheinin, M; Siren, S; Uusalo, P; Vilo, S, 2020)	0.56
"A published paediatric pharmacokinetic model was used to derive the dosing regimen for dexmedetomidine in a first-in-neonate study."	( Dose rationale and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in mechanically ventilated new-borns: impact of design optimisation. Allegaert, K; De Cock, PAJG; De Paepe, P; Decaluwe, W; Della Pasqua, O; Smets, K; Smits, A; van Dijkman, SC; Vande Walle, J, 2019)	0.51
" A three-phase crossover trial was conducted to study the pharmacodynamic interaction between remifentanil and dexmedetomidine."	( Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Remifentanil and Dexmedetomidine on Depth of Sedation and Tolerance of Laryngoscopy. Barends, CRM; Colin, PJ; Knotnerus, FH; Muskiet, ERR; Oostra, M; Reyntjens, KMEM; Struys, MMRF; van Bocxlaer, JFP; Weerink, MAS, 2019)	0.51
"To determine pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the injectable formulation of dexmedetomidine administered via the oral transmucosal (OTM) route to healthy dogs."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of oral transmucosal and intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine in dogs. Aarnes, TK; Bednarski, RM; Dent, BT; KuKanich, B; Lakritz, J; Lerche, P; Riccó Pereira, CH; Wavreille, VA, 2019)	0.51
" The mean terminal-phase half-life was 152 ± 146 minutes and 36 ± 6 minutes for OTM and IV administration, respectively."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of oral transmucosal and intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine in dogs. Aarnes, TK; Bednarski, RM; Dent, BT; KuKanich, B; Lakritz, J; Lerche, P; Riccó Pereira, CH; Wavreille, VA, 2019)	0.51
"This study aimed to investigate the specific pharmacokinetic profile and effects of alfaxalone after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration to rabbits and evaluate the potential interaction with dexmedetomidine."	( Pharmacokinetics and sedative effects of alfaxalone with or without dexmedetomidine in rabbits. Belda, E; Escudero, E; Hernandis, V; Laredo, FG; Marín, P; Torres, CA, 2020)	0.56
" Serial venous blood samples were collected for quantification of xylazine and dexmedetomidine, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated."	( Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of xylazine and dexmedetomidine in horses recovering from isoflurane anesthesia. Allweiler, S; Almeida, DC; Baldo, CF; Guedes, A; Knych, H; Tucker, L; Wendt-Hornickle, E, 2020)	0.56
"Our final model precisely describes dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics and accurately predicts dexmedetomidine-induced sympatholysis and other pharmacodynamic effects."	( Population Modelling of Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics and Haemodynamic Effects After Intravenous and Subcutaneous Administration. Ashraf, MW; Saari, TI; Scheinin, M; Uusalo, P, 2020)	0.56
" This study aimed to propose a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of dexmedetomidine in a heterogeneous group of intensive care unit patients, incorporating 29 covariates potentially linked with dexmedetomidine PK."	( Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Dexmedetomidine in a Heterogeneous Group of Patients. Bartkowska-Śniatkowska, A; Ber, J; Bieda, K; Bienert, A; Grześkowiak, E; Hołysz, M; Klupczyńska, A; Matysiak, J; Nowicka, M; Smuszkiewicz, P; Sobczyński, P; Wiczling, P; Żurański, Ł, 2020)	0.56
" We compared pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of 3 doses of buccal DEX gel formulated in our pharmaceutical laboratory for sedative premedication in women undergoing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer."	( Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of 3 Doses of Oral-Mucosal Dexmedetomidine Gel for Sedative Premedication in Women Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy for Breast Cancer. Abdel-Ghaffar, HS; Allam, AAAE; El Sherif, FA; Hassan, NA; Hassan, SB; Mohamed, SA; Omran, MM; Sayed, DG; Shouman, SA, 2021)	0.62
" Assessments included plasma concentrations of DEX, and pharmacokinetic variables calculated with noncompartmental methods, sedative, hemodynamic and analgesic effects, and adverse effects."	( Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of 3 Doses of Oral-Mucosal Dexmedetomidine Gel for Sedative Premedication in Women Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy for Breast Cancer. Abdel-Ghaffar, HS; Allam, AAAE; El Sherif, FA; Hassan, NA; Hassan, SB; Mohamed, SA; Omran, MM; Sayed, DG; Shouman, SA, 2021)	0.62
" Nonlinear mixed effect models were used for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses."	( A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of Oral Dexmedetomidine. Akeju, O; Chamadia, S; Cortinez, LI; Deng, H; Hobbs, LE; Nguyen, S; Pedemonte, JC, 2020)	0.56
" The plasma concentration profile was adequately described by a 2-compartment, weight allometric, first-order absorption, first-order elimination pharmacokinetic model."	( A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of Oral Dexmedetomidine. Akeju, O; Chamadia, S; Cortinez, LI; Deng, H; Hobbs, LE; Nguyen, S; Pedemonte, JC, 2020)	0.56
" Clearance and elimination half-life were 134 ± 67."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous continuous rate infusion and repeated intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine in standing horses. Denney, WS; Fontenot, RL; Knych, H; Langston, VC; Meyer, RE; Natalini, CC; Shane, SE; Wills, RW, 2021)	0.62
" Pharmacokinetic concepts are presented pertaining to future designs of dexmedetomidine target-controlled infusion pumps in children."	( Pharmacokinetic concepts for dexmedetomidine target-controlled infusion pumps in children. Anderson, BJ; Cortinez, LI; Morse, JD, 2021)	0.62
" A population pharmacokinetic model to establish the PK profile of DEX was developed, and key pathophysiologic covariate effects of severity of illness, organ dysfunction measures, and altered protein binding on DEX PK parameters in this critically ill population were evaluated."	( Protein Binding and Population Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine after Prolonged Infusions in Adult Critically Ill Patients. Joynt, GM; Lee, A; Tse, AHW; Yan, X; Yang, M; Zhang, L; Zuo, Z, 2021)	0.62
"Numerous pharmacokinetic models have been published aiming at more accurate and safer dosing of dexmedetomidine."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
"The data of two previously published clinical trials with stepwise increasing dexmedetomidine target-controlled infusion were pooled to build a pharmacokinetic model using the NONMEM software package (ICON Development Solutions, USA)."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
"This study developed a nonlinear three-compartment pharmacokinetic model that accurately described dexmedetomidine plasma concentrations."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
"This study developed a nonlinear three-compartment pharmacokinetic model that accurately described dexmedetomidine plasma concentrations."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
"Our objectives were to perform a population pharmacokinetic analysis of dexmedetomidine in children using remnant specimens and electronic health records (EHRs) and explore the impact of patient's characteristics and pharmacogenetics on dexmedetomidine clearance."	( Population pharmacokinetic analysis of dexmedetomidine in children using real-world data from electronic health records and remnant specimens. Breeyear, JH; Caprioli, R; Choi, L; Edwards, T; Hachey, B; James, NT; Kannankeril, PJ; Keaton, JM; Marshall, MD; Van Driest, SL, 2022)	0.72
" Population pharmacokinetic models were developed using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling."	( Population pharmacokinetic analysis of dexmedetomidine in children using real-world data from electronic health records and remnant specimens. Breeyear, JH; Caprioli, R; Choi, L; Edwards, T; Hachey, B; James, NT; Kannankeril, PJ; Keaton, JM; Marshall, MD; Van Driest, SL, 2022)	0.72
"Our study demonstrates the use of real-world EHR data and remnant specimens to perform a population pharmacokinetic analysis and investigate covariate effects in a large paediatric population."	( Population pharmacokinetic analysis of dexmedetomidine in children using real-world data from electronic health records and remnant specimens. Breeyear, JH; Caprioli, R; Choi, L; Edwards, T; Hachey, B; James, NT; Kannankeril, PJ; Keaton, JM; Marshall, MD; Van Driest, SL, 2022)	0.72
" A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling."	( Dose Escalation Pharmacokinetic Study of Intranasal Atomized Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. Grogan, K; Moorthy, G; Nicolson, SC; Prodell, J; Thibault, C; Zuppa, A, 2023)	0.91
" A 1-compartment pharmacokinetic model adequately described the data."	( Dose Escalation Pharmacokinetic Study of Intranasal Atomized Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. Grogan, K; Moorthy, G; Nicolson, SC; Prodell, J; Thibault, C; Zuppa, A, 2023)	0.91
"The goal of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic (PK) behaviour of dexmedetomidine in dogs administered as a pure enantiomer versus as part of a racemic mixture."	( Enantiospecific pharmacokinetics of intravenous dexmedetomidine in beagles. Barbarossa, A; Bardhi, A; Forss Pleyers, T; Guidi, M; Levionnois, OL; Raillard, M; Siegenthaler, J; Spadavecchia, C, 2022)	0.72
" A population pharmacokinetic analysis with data from an optimized sparse-sampling design was performed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Infants and Young Children. Guan, YP; Huang, M; Li, AW; Li, BL; Song, XR; Standing, JF; Wei, W; Yuen, VM; Zhang, MZ; Zhong, GP, 2022)	0.72
"The pharmacokinetic characteristics of intranasal dexmedetomidine were evaluated in Chinese pediatric patients aged between 3 and 36 months."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Infants and Young Children. Guan, YP; Huang, M; Li, AW; Li, BL; Song, XR; Standing, JF; Wei, W; Yuen, VM; Zhang, MZ; Zhong, GP, 2022)	0.72
"The pharmacokinetic characteristics of intranasal dexmedetomidine were evaluated in Chinese pediatric patients aged between 3 and 36 months."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Infants and Young Children. Guan, YP; Huang, M; Li, AW; Li, BL; Song, XR; Standing, JF; Wei, W; Yuen, VM; Zhang, MZ; Zhong, GP, 2022)	0.72
" A pharmacokinetic model was developed using NONMEM."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Cho, JY; Choi, BM; Jang, YE; Ji, SH; Kang, P; Kim, EH; Kim, HS; Kim, JT; Lee, JH; Noh, GJ, 2023)	0.91
"5 (5 to 75) minutes, and the mean half-life was 25."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intramuscular dexmedetomidine in dogs. Aarnes, TK; Bednarski, RM; Dent, BT; KuKanich, B; Lakritz, J; Lerche, P; Ricco Pereira, CH; Wavreille, VA, 2023)	0.91
" Dexmedetomidine was administered as a target-controlled infusion, with Ce estimated from a pharmacokinetic model."	( Breathe-squeeze: pharmacodynamics of a stimulus-free behavioural paradigm to track conscious states during sedation Avidan, MS; Brown, EN; Guay, CS; Gupta, G; Hight, D; Kafashan, M; Luong, AH; Palanca, BJA, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Dexmedetomidine in combination with morphine PCA provided better analgesia for ESWL and was associated with higher patients' and urologist's satisfaction when compared with a tramadol/midazolam PCA combination."	( Dexmedetomidine in combination with morphine PCA provides superior analgesia for shockwave lithotripsy. Alhashemi, JA; Kaki, AM, 2004)	0.32
" Dogs were allocated randomly to receive 15 μg kg(-1) buprenorphine combined with either 30 μg kg(-1) acepromazine (group 1), 62."	( Two doses of dexmedetomidine in combination with buprenorphine for premedication in dogs; a comparison with acepromazine and buprenorphine. Auckburally, A; Bell, AM; Flaherty, D; Pawson, P; Scott, EM, 2011)	0.37
"When administered with buprenorphine, at these doses, dexmedetomidine had no advantages in terms of sedation and induction quality over acepromazine."	( Two doses of dexmedetomidine in combination with buprenorphine for premedication in dogs; a comparison with acepromazine and buprenorphine. Auckburally, A; Bell, AM; Flaherty, D; Pawson, P; Scott, EM, 2011)	0.37
"To compare efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine in combination with butorphanol, hydromorphone, or buprenorphine (with or without reversal by atipamezole) in dogs undergoing castration."	( Evaluation of dexmedetomidine and ketamine in combination with opioids as injectable anesthesia for castration in dogs. Austin, BR; Barletta, M; Inoue, T; Ko, JC; Payton, ME; Weil, AB, 2011)	0.37
"To compare the efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine-ketamine in combination with butorphanol, hydromorphone, or buprenorphine with or without reversal by atipamezole in cats undergoing castration."	( Evaluation of dexmedetomidine and ketamine in combination with various opioids as injectable anesthetic combinations for castration in cats. Austin, BR; Barletta, M; Ko, JC; Krimins, RA; Payton, ME; Weil, AB, 2011)	0.37
"0 mg/kg) combination with (n = 7) or without (8) dexmedetomidine (0."	( Evaluation of a ketamine-propofol drug combination with or without dexmedetomidine for intravenous anesthesia in cats undergoing ovariectomy. Beccaglia, M; Bronzo, V; Comazzi, S; Fonda, D; Gallo, M; Gelain, ME; Ravasio, G; Zonca, A, 2012)	0.38
"To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with fentanyl in patients undergoing anesthesia induction by sevoflurane."	( [Effects of dexmedetomidine combined with fentanyl in patients undergoing anesthesia induction by sevoflurane]. Feng, C; Gao, DP; Han, BQ; Ma, XS; Qi, SH; Zou, YM, 2012)	0.38
"Eighty patients for elective endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia operations were randomly and double-blindly divided into Dex combined with fentanyl group (Group DF) and the fentanyl group (Group F) from April 2011 to September 2011 at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and there were 40 cases in each group."	( [Effects of dexmedetomidine combined with fentanyl in patients undergoing anesthesia induction by sevoflurane]. Feng, C; Gao, DP; Han, BQ; Ma, XS; Qi, SH; Zou, YM, 2012)	0.38
"Dexmedetomidine in combination with fentanyl can inhibit stress response of tracheal intubation of sevoflurane induction efficiently and stabilize hemodynamics."	( [Effects of dexmedetomidine combined with fentanyl in patients undergoing anesthesia induction by sevoflurane]. Feng, C; Gao, DP; Han, BQ; Ma, XS; Qi, SH; Zou, YM, 2012)	0.38
"Choice of dex or acp, when given with buprenorphine, caused minor, clinically detectable, differences in various characteristics of anaesthesia, but not in the level of analgesia."	( Sedative and analgesic effects of buprenorphine, combined with either acepromazine or dexmedetomidine, for premedication prior to elective surgery in cats and dogs. Grint, NJ; Hunt, JR; Murrell, JC; Taylor, PM, 2013)	0.39
" This study aimed to compare the onset and depth of anaesthesia, and changes in vital signs, after intraperitoneal (IP) or subcutaneous (SC) administration of ketamine (75 mg kg(-1)) combined with medetomidine (1 mg kg(-1)) or dexmedetomidine (0."	( A comparison of medetomidine and its active enantiomer dexmedetomidine when administered with ketamine in mice. Burnside, WM; Cameron, AI; Flecknell, PA; Thomas, AA, 2013)	0.39
"This study failed to demonstrate clinical advantages of the enantiomer dexmedetomidine over medetomidine when combined with ketamine to produce general anaesthesia in mice."	( A comparison of medetomidine and its active enantiomer dexmedetomidine when administered with ketamine in mice. Burnside, WM; Cameron, AI; Flecknell, PA; Thomas, AA, 2013)	0.39
"To investigate the changes in arterial oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt during one-lung ventilation (OLV) with intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine combined with isoflurane inhalation."	( Effect of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine combined with inhalation of isoflurane on arterial oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt during single-lung ventilation. Chen, GD; Mao, QJ; Xia, R; Xia, ZY; Xu, W; Yin, H, 2013)	0.39
"To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia."	( Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for post-caesarean section intravenous analgesia: a randomised, placebo-controlled study. Huang, S; Liu, Y; Luo, Q; Nie, Y, 2014)	0.4
"To compare the postoperative analgesic characteristics and side effects of two different doses of intrathecal dexmedetomidine in combination with hyperbaric bupivacaine, and to evaluate the effects of these combinations on spinal anesthesia."	( The effects of 2 µg and 4 µg doses of dexmedetomidine in combination with intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine on spinal anesthesia and its postoperative analgesic characteristics. Belli, E; Yektaş, A, )	0.13
" All individual drugs and dexmedetomidine combination with either tramadol or amitriptyline were effective in reducing mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia."	( The effects of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with tramadol or amitriptyline in a neuropathic pain model. Abd-Ellatief, RB; Farghaly, HS; Khedr, EM; Kotb, HI; Moftah, MZ; Mostafa, MG, )	0.13
"Following cerebral hypoxia-ischaemia, dexmedetomidine was administered to nine newborn piglets in a de-escalation dose study in combination with hypothermia (whole body cooling to 33."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine combined with therapeutic hypothermia in a piglet asphyxia model. Anderson, B; Broad, K; Ezzati, M; Faulkner, S; Fierens, I; Fleiss, B; Gressens, P; Hassell, J; Kawano, G; Maze, M; Robertson, NJ; Rostami, J; Sanders, RD; Sleigh, JW, 2014)	0.4
"To evaluate the cardiorespiratory, sedative and antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in dogs."	( Cardiorespiratory, sedative and antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in dogs. Cardoso, CG; da Silva, TH; de Mattos-Junior, E; Marques, DR, 2014)	0.4
"Pigeons were sedated by INS MID alone at a dose of 5 mg kg(-1) (group MID, n = 6) or in combination with INS DXM at a dose 80 μg kg(-1) (group MID-DXM, n = 6)."	( A preliminary trial of the sedation induced by intranasal administration of midazolam alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine and reversal by atipamezole for a short-term immobilization in pigeons. Bilek, J; Hornak, S; Hromada, R; Ledecky, V; Liptak, T; Mazensky, D; Petrovic, V, 2015)	0.42
"To explore the feasibility and safety of dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil for lower eyelid blepharoplasty."	( [Efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil for lower eyelid blepharoplasty]. Chen, H; Li, X; Wu, M, 2014)	0.4
" Local anesthesia by lidocaine (1%) combined with midazolam (0."	( [Efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil for lower eyelid blepharoplasty]. Chen, H; Li, X; Wu, M, 2014)	0.4
"Dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil is practical and safe."	( [Efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil for lower eyelid blepharoplasty]. Chen, H; Li, X; Wu, M, 2014)	0.4
" Data suggested that dexmedetomidine (40 μg/kg) combined with buprenorphine (20 μg/kg) is not as well absorbed from the buccal mucosa site as from the intramuscular injection site."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral transmucosal and intramuscular dexmedetomidine combined with buprenorphine in cats. Baert, K; Bosmans, T; Cherlet, M; Croubels, S; De Backer, P; de Rooster, H; Polis, I; Porters, N, 2015)	0.42
" Each dog went through all three anaesthetic protocols, which were propofol alone (group P) and propofol combined with dexmedetomidine (3 µg/kg/h, group PD) or remifentanil (18 µg/kg/h, group PR)."	( [Evaluation of heart rate variability for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia in dogs. Investigations based on total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine or remifentanil]. Bergfeld, C; Beyerbach, M; Kästner, SB; Voigt, AM, 2015)	0.42
" This study evaluated the sedative efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine in combination with patient-controlled sedation (PCS) for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy."	( Intranasal dexmedetomidine in combination with patient-controlled sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a randomised trial. Cheung, CW; Chu, KM; Irwin, MG; Liu, J; Qiu, Q, 2015)	0.42
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate comparatively, in women undergoing caesarean section under spinal anesthesia, the effectiveness of hyperbaric bupivacaine combined with 3 different adjuvants (fentanyl, clonidine, and dexmedtomidine) on quality of blockade and maternal and neonatal repercussions."	( A Randomised Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Intrathecal Bupivacaine Combined with Different Adjuvants (Fentanyl, Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine) in Caesarean Section. Huang, AJ; Li, AZ; Li, KZ; Li, Z; Qi, J; Shi, CX; Tian, M; Xin, DQ; Zhang, CY, 2015)	0.42
" Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine injected into the oral mucosa in combination with lidocaine on local anesthetic potency in humans."	( Effect of dexmedetomidine injected into the oral mucosa in combination with lidocaine on local anesthetic potency in humans: a crossover double-blind study. Higuchi, H; Ishii-Maruhama, M; Maeda, S; Miyawaki, T; Tomoyasu, Y; Yamane, A, 2015)	0.42
"To explore the anesthetic effect and neonatal effects of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in the cesarean section under epidural anesthesia."	( [Application of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in the cesarean section under epidural anesthesia]. Ding, Z; Han, C; Jiang, X; Wu, X, 2014)	0.4
"Administration of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine can provide early onset, establishment of sensory anesthesia, much better sedation levels, decrease the degree of traction reaction and the incidence of shivering, and without adverse neonatal effects."	( [Application of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in the cesarean section under epidural anesthesia]. Ding, Z; Han, C; Jiang, X; Wu, X, 2014)	0.4
"This clinical study was conducted to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with propofol on vital signs and anaesthetic depth in patients."	( [Application of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol in patients undergoing painless colonoscopy for colonic polyps resection under Narcotrend monitoring]. Ji, J; Sun, K; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Wang, Z; Zhou, G, 2015)	0.42
"Under Narcotrend monitoring, the value of DEX combined with low dose of propofol in colonoscopy for colonic polyps resection is to reach more reasonable depth of anesthesia to reduce adverse responses and the dose of propofol."	( [Application of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol in patients undergoing painless colonoscopy for colonic polyps resection under Narcotrend monitoring]. Ji, J; Sun, K; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Wang, Z; Zhou, G, 2015)	0.42
"To evaluate and compare the use of intramuscular (IM) premedication with dexmedetomidine in combination with ketamine or alfaxalone in pigs."	( Effects of intramuscular dexmedetomidine in combination with ketamine or alfaxalone in swine. Bertrán de Lis, BT; Santos, M; Tendillo, FJ, 2016)	0.43
"IM dexmedetomidine in combination with ketamine in pigs induced moderate to deep sedation and fair to smooth induction of anaesthesia."	( Effects of intramuscular dexmedetomidine in combination with ketamine or alfaxalone in swine. Bertrán de Lis, BT; Santos, M; Tendillo, FJ, 2016)	0.43
" The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam in postoperative intensive care following pediatric cardiac surgery."	( Dexmedetomidine in combination with midazolam after pediatric cardiac surgery. Hasegawa, T; Maruo, A; Matsuhisa, H; Matsushima, S; Noda, R; Oshima, Y; Tanaka, A, 2015)	0.42
"We carried out a retrospective investigation on the effect of obesity on dexmedetomidine (DEX) requirements when administered with fentanyl (FEN) during mechanical ventilation after major surgeries."	( THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON DOSE OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE WHEN ADMINISTERED WITH FENTANYL DURING POSTOPERATIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION--RETROSPECTIVE. Hakozaki, T; Hosono, A; Imaizumi, T; Iseki, Y; Isosu, T; Mogami, M; Morimoto, I; Murakawa, M; Nakano, Y; Obara, S; Oishi, R, 2015)	0.42
"To compare the respective effects of propofol and emulsified isoflurane administered alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine on the quality of induction of anesthesia, physiological variables and recovery in dogs."	( Comparison of the effects of propofol and emulsified isoflurane alone or combined with dexmedetomidine on induction of anesthesia in dogs. Diao, HX; Fan, HG; Gao, PY; Jiang, S; Li, JN; Liu, HY, 2016)	0.43
"To investigate the sedative, anaesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular (IM) administration of alfaxalone alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in cats."	( Clinical efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in cats. Belda, E; Bosmans, T; Laredo, FG; Rodrigo-Mocholí, D, 2016)	0.43
"To evaluate the echocardiographic variables and sedation after two dosages of dexmedetomidine combined with butorphanol in healthy dogs."	( Sedative and echocardiographic effects of dexmedetomidine combined with butorphanol in healthy dogs. Hassen, KM; Kellihan, HB; Smith, LJ; Stepien, RL, 2015)	0.42
"The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in combination with methadone, midazolam, or both, and (2) the propofol dose required to achieve endotracheal intubation in healthy dogs."	( Comparison of sedation scores and propofol induction doses in dogs after intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with methadone, midazolam, or methadone plus midazolam. Bustamante, R; Canfrán, S; Cediel, R; de Segura, IA; González, P; Re, M, 2016)	0.43
"Electroacupuncture in combination with a low dose of dexmedetomidine (5 μg/kg, IM) administered to goats provided antinociception."	( Physiologic and biochemical effects of electroacupuncture combined with intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine to provide analgesia in goats. Ding, MX; Hu, ML; Qiu, ZY; Shah, Z; Wan, J; Wang, SW; Zeng, J; Zhang, W; Zhou, FY, 2016)	0.43
"375% ropivacaine combined with TIVA."	( Dexmedetomidine Combined with General Anesthesia Provides Similar Intraoperative Stress Response Reduction When Compared with a Combined General and Epidural Anesthetic Technique. He, SF; Hu, XW; Li, Y; Wang, B; Wong, GT; Zhang, LL; Zhang, Y, 2016)	0.43
"To observe analgesic and sedative effect of acupuncture combined with medicine (ACM) on patients undergiong cardiac surgery."	( [Analgesic and Sedative Effect of Acupuncture Combined with Medicine on Patients Undergiong Cardiac Surgery]. Cao, WZ; Xu, SA; Xu, XQ; Yu, HJ, 2016)	0.43
" Patients in group A were subjected to analgesia and sedation by injecting dexmedetomidine, while patients in group B were subjected to analgesia and sedation by electro-acupuncture [EA, Shenting (GV24); Yintang (EX-HN3)] combined with injection of dexmedetomidine."	( [Analgesic and Sedative Effect of Acupuncture Combined with Medicine on Patients Undergiong Cardiac Surgery]. Cao, WZ; Xu, SA; Xu, XQ; Yu, HJ, 2016)	0.43
" Even though ketamine alone and in combination with midazolam or dexmedetomidine are frequently used in laboratory animals, the side-effects of such protocols are not well known."	( Ketamine alone or combined with midazolam or dexmedetomidine does not affect anxiety-like behaviours and memory in adult Wistar rats. Antunes, L; Magalhães, A; Melo, P; Pereira, M; Summavielle, T; Valentim, A; Venâncio, C, 2017)	0.46
"Objectives Cardiorespiratory parameters and anaesthesia quality in cats anaesthetised with either intramuscular (IM) alfaxalone or ketamine both combined with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol for castration were evaluated."	( Comparison of intramuscular alfaxalone and ketamine combined with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol for castration in cats. Broussaud, S; Khenissi, L; Nikolayenkova-Topie, O; Touzot-Jourde, G, 2017)	0.46
"125%) combined with dexmedetomidine (0."	( Effect of Epidural Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ropivacaine in Labor Analgesia: A Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Study. Liu, Y; Xin, Y; Yi, X; Zhao, Y, 2017)	0.46
" Onset latencies and peak-to-peak amplitudes, elicited in the extensor carpi radialis and cranial tibial muscles, were analysed in 10 healthy Beagles that received either acepromazine or dexmedetomidine in combination with levomethadone/fenpipramide, in a crossover design."	( Transcranial magnetic stimulation with acepromazine or dexmedetomidine in combination with levomethadone/fenpipramide in healthy Beagle dogs. Amendt, HL; Kästner, SB; Rohn, K; Schütter, A; Siedenburg, JS; Söbbeler, FJ; Steffensen, N; Stein, VM; Tipold, A; Tünsmeyer, J, 2016)	0.43
" The incidence of adverse events and the analgesic effect of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine for incision infiltration were recorded."	( The Analgesic Effect of Ropivacaine Combined With Dexmedetomidine for Incision Infiltration After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Dong, CS; Lu, Y; Sun, H; Wu, C; Yu, JM; Zhang, Y, 2016)	0.43
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in combination with sufentanil or butorphanol for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic resection of a gastrointestinal tumor."	( Evaluation of dexmedetomidine in combination with sufentanil or butorphanol for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal tumors: A quasi-experimental trial. Chen, QH; Hu, Q; Wang, WX; Zhang, XK, 2016)	0.43
" We aimed to observe the extubation process and the recovery characteristics in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy while anesthetized with either high-concentration sevoflurane alone or low-concentration sevoflurane combined with pre-medication of single dose of intravenous dexmedetomidine."	( Tracheal extubation in deeply anesthetized pediatric patients after tonsillectomy: a comparison of high-concentration sevoflurane alone and low-concentration sevoflurane in combination with dexmedetomidine pre-medication. Di, M; Han, Y; Lai, H; Li, J; Lian, Q; Liu, H; ShangGuan, W; Yang, Z; Ye, X, 2017)	0.46
"A single dose of intravenous dexmedetomidine as pre-medication in combination with low-concentration sevoflurane at the end of surgery provided safe and smooth deep extubation condition and it also lowered the emergence agitation in sevoflurane-anaesthetized children undergoing tonsillectomy."	( Tracheal extubation in deeply anesthetized pediatric patients after tonsillectomy: a comparison of high-concentration sevoflurane alone and low-concentration sevoflurane in combination with dexmedetomidine pre-medication. Di, M; Han, Y; Lai, H; Li, J; Lian, Q; Liu, H; ShangGuan, W; Yang, Z; Ye, X, 2017)	0.46
" This study to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for PCIA after thoracotomy under general anaesthesia."	( Effect of Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for post- thoracotomy intravenous analgesia:a randomized, controlled clinical study. Dong, CS; Lu, Q; Sun, H; Sun, P; Wu, C; Yu, JM; Zhang, J, 2017)	0.46
"Caudal anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine sedation is an effective anesthetic technique for lower abdominal and extremity surgery in ex-preterm and full-term infants with severe comorbidities."	( Dexmedetomidine sedation combined with caudal anesthesia for lower abdominal and extremity surgery in ex-preterm and full-term infants. Goeters, C; Sauerland, C; Waurick, K, 2017)	0.46
" Hypothermia + dexmedetomidine treatment was neurotoxic following HI in our piglet NE model, suggesting that caution is vital if dexmedetomidine is combined with cooling following NE."	( Dexmedetomidine Combined with Therapeutic Hypothermia Is Associated with Cardiovascular Instability and Neurotoxicity in a Piglet Model of Perinatal Asphyxia. Alonso-Alconada, D; Anderson, B; Bainbridge, A; Broad, KD; Ezzati, M; Fierens, I; Fleiss, B; Golay, X; Gressens, P; Hassell, JK; Hristova, M; Kawano, G; Kaynezhad, P; Price, DL; Robertson, NJ; Rocha-Ferreira, E; Sanders, RD; Tachtsidis, I, 2017)	0.46
" The aim of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for postoperative analgesia after partial laryngectomy."	( Dexmedetomidine in combination with sufentanil for postoperative analgesia after partial laryngectomy. Chen, K; Liu, T; Qin, M; Shen, X, 2017)	0.46
" Methods Using a prospective, randomised, blinded design, 40 client-owned adult cats were assigned to receive IM dexmedetomidine (10 µg/kg) combined with either butorphanol (0."	( Comparison of intramuscular butorphanol and buprenorphine combined with dexmedetomidine for sedation in cats. Bhalla, RJ; Leece, EA; Trimble, TA; Vettorato, E, 2018)	0.48
"To observe the anesthetic effect and safety of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for brachial plexus nerve block in children undergoing polydactyly surgery."	( [Effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for brachial plexus nerve block in children undergoing polydactyly surgery]. Chen, XN; Li, YL; Qi, DM; Sun, WG; Sun, YJ; Yang, SH, 2017)	0.46
"To evaluate effect of parecoxib sodium pretreatment combined with dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after shoulder arthroscopy."	( Effect of parecoxib sodium pretreatment combined with dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after shoulder arthroscopy: A randomized double blinded controlled trial. Chen, G; Lu, J; Wu, C; Zhou, H; Zhou, Q; Zhu, Z, 2017)	0.46
"Parecoxib sodium pretreatment combined with dexmedetomidine could reduce the incidence of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients."	( Effect of parecoxib sodium pretreatment combined with dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after shoulder arthroscopy: A randomized double blinded controlled trial. Chen, G; Lu, J; Wu, C; Zhou, H; Zhou, Q; Zhu, Z, 2017)	0.46
" PROCEDURES In a randomized crossover study, each dog received 5 premedication protocols (medetomidine [10 μg/kg, IV] alone [MED] and in combination with MK-467 at doses of 50 [MMK50], 100 [MMK100], and 150 [MMK150] μg/kg and 15 minutes after glycopyrrolate [10 μg/kg, SC; MGP]), with at least 14 days between treatments."	( Cardiovascular effects of premedication with medetomidine alone and in combination with MK-467 or glycopyrrolate in dogs subsequently anesthetized with isoflurane. Bennett, RC; Kuusela, E; Raekallio, MR; Salla, KM; Scheinin, M; Tuns, CI; Vainio, OM, 2017)	0.46
" The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol or sevoflurane on hemodynamics during anesthesia maintenance."	( Comparison of a loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol or sevoflurane for hemodynamic changes during anesthesia maintenance: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Cao, J; Ding, K; Dong, M; Han, L; Han, Y; Sun, Q; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Z, 2018)	0.48
"Intraoperative administration of a loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol in anesthesia maintenance proceeded a significant increase in blood pressure."	( Comparison of a loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol or sevoflurane for hemodynamic changes during anesthesia maintenance: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Cao, J; Ding, K; Dong, M; Han, L; Han, Y; Sun, Q; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Z, 2018)	0.48
"OBJECTIVE To evaluate cardiopulmonary, sedative, and antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine combined with commonly administered opioids in dogs."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine combined with commonly administered opioids on clinical variables in dogs. Auckburally, A; de Mattos-Junior, E; Garcia, DO; Honsho, CS; Nishimura, LT; Santilli, J; Vieira, BHB, 2018)	0.48
" The aim of our study was to test the effects of dexmedetomidine in combination with opioids and benzodiazepines compared to benzodiazepine-opioids alone."	( Use of low-dose dexmedetomidine in combination with opioids and midazolam in pediatric cardiac surgical patients: randomized controlled trial. Benegni, S; Cogo, P; Garisto, C; Pezzella, C; Ricci, Z; Tofani, L, 2018)	0.48
"Low dose of dexmedetomidine in combination with morphine and midazolam was safe in a high-risk cohort of CHD children after cardiac surgery and reduced the onset of withdrawal symptoms."	( Use of low-dose dexmedetomidine in combination with opioids and midazolam in pediatric cardiac surgical patients: randomized controlled trial. Benegni, S; Cogo, P; Garisto, C; Pezzella, C; Ricci, Z; Tofani, L, 2018)	0.48
" The objective of this study was to evaluate the anaesthetic effect of several doses of alfaxalone alone, considering differences between sexes, and alfaxalone combined with dexmedetomidine and fentanyl in the rat administered by the intraperitoneal route."	( Anaesthetic effects of alfaxalone administered intraperitoneally alone or combined with dexmedetomidine and fentanyl in the rat. Arenillas, M; Gomez de Segura, IA, 2018)	0.48
"OBJECTIVE To determine global and peripheral perfusion and oxygenation during anesthesia with equipotent doses of desflurane and propofol combined with a constant rate infusion of dexmedetomidine in horses."	( Comparison of desflurane and propofol at equipotent doses in combination with a constant rate infusion of dexmedetomidine on global and peripheral perfusion and oxygenation in horses. Hopster, K; Kästner, SBR; Neudeck, S; Rohn, K; Wittenberg-Voges, L, 2018)	0.48
"To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sevoflurane for general anesthesia during dental treatment in pediatric patients."	( [Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sevoflurane for general anesthesia during dental treatment in pediatric patients]. Chai, DD; Ji, J, 2018)	0.48
"Dexmedetomidine combined with sevoflurane not only stabilize hemodynamic parameters, but also reduce the impact on respiration during dental treatment in pediatric patients."	( [Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sevoflurane for general anesthesia during dental treatment in pediatric patients]. Chai, DD; Ji, J, 2018)	0.48
" This study examined the clinical effects of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride combined with etomidate fat emulsion in patients undergoing interventional treatment of stroke during anesthesia."	( Clinical effects and safety evaluation of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride combined with etomidate fat emulsion in patients undergoing interventional treatment of stroke during anesthesia. Luo, W; Xiao, ZY; Xiong, Y, 2018)	0.48
" Group A patients were treated with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, group B patients were treated with etomidate fat emulsion, and group C patients were treated with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride combined with etomidate fat emulsion."	( Clinical effects and safety evaluation of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride combined with etomidate fat emulsion in patients undergoing interventional treatment of stroke during anesthesia. Luo, W; Xiao, ZY; Xiong, Y, 2018)	0.48
"Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride combined with etomidate fat emulsion in patients undergoing interventional treatment of stroke during anesthesia has potential value in clinical applications, through the maintenance of ideal hemodynamics and a reduction in complications."	( Clinical effects and safety evaluation of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride combined with etomidate fat emulsion in patients undergoing interventional treatment of stroke during anesthesia. Luo, W; Xiao, ZY; Xiong, Y, 2018)	0.48
"To characterize alfaxalone administered subcutaneously (SC) in guinea pigs, both alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine."	( Effects of subcutaneous alfaxalone alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Bradley, MP; Doerning, CM; Lester, PA; Nowland, MH, 2018)	0.48
"Opioids can be combined with alpha-2-adrenoreceptor agonists to sedate dogs for radiography."	( Comparison of sedation in dogs: methadone or butorphanol in combination with dexmedetomidine intravenously. Bhalla, RJ; Leece, EA; Trimble, T, 2018)	0.48
"IV butorphanol provides more effective sedation at 10 minutes than methadone, in combination with dexmedetomidine."	( Comparison of sedation in dogs: methadone or butorphanol in combination with dexmedetomidine intravenously. Bhalla, RJ; Leece, EA; Trimble, T, 2018)	0.48
"Dexmedetomidine in combination with opioids has been used for postoperative analgesia."	( Dexmedetomidine in combination with morphine improves postoperative analgesia and sleep quality in elderly patients after open abdominal surgery: A pilot randomized control trial. Hu, J; Li, CJ; Li, HJ; Mu, DL; Wang, DX; Wei, XN, 2018)	0.48
"This randomized controlled study investigated the analgesic effect of ropivacaine in combination with dexmedetomidine versus ropivacaine alone on brachial plexus block to provide alternative anesthetic means for upper limb trauma surgery."	( Analgesic effect of Ropivacaine combined with Dexmedetomidine on brachial plexus block. Hua, H; Jiang, M; Liu, Z; Xu, T, 2018)	0.48
" The patients were randomized to ropivacaine alone (the control group) or ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine (the combination group)."	( Analgesic effect of Ropivacaine combined with Dexmedetomidine on brachial plexus block. Hua, H; Jiang, M; Liu, Z; Xu, T, 2018)	0.48
"The brachial plexus blocking effect of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine was superior to that of ropivacaine alone, mainly intra-operatively and postoperatively."	( Analgesic effect of Ropivacaine combined with Dexmedetomidine on brachial plexus block. Hua, H; Jiang, M; Liu, Z; Xu, T, 2018)	0.48
"Analgesic Effect of Ropivacaine Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Brachial Plexus Block, ChiCTR1800017372, retrospectively registered on July 26, 2018."	( Analgesic effect of Ropivacaine combined with Dexmedetomidine on brachial plexus block. Hua, H; Jiang, M; Liu, Z; Xu, T, 2018)	0.48
"DEX combined with oxycodone can improve sleep quality and provide good visceral analgesia."	( Effect of Intravenous Oxycodone in Combination With Different Doses of Dexmedetomdine on Sleep Quality and Visceral Pain in Patients After Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Study. Bao, C; Chen, Z; Jiang, Z; Song, Q; Wang, H; Zhou, G, 2018)	0.48
" Therefore, the surgery was performed under continuous epidural anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine."	( Dexmedetomidine sedation combined with epidural anesthesia for laparoscopy in a patient with suspected tuberculosis: A case report. Kang, Y; Ni, J; Wu, L, 2018)	0.48
"We conclude that administration of dexmedetomidine combined with epidural anesthesia can provide comfortable sedation for short laparoscopic procedures in patients with suspected tuberculosis."	( Dexmedetomidine sedation combined with epidural anesthesia for laparoscopy in a patient with suspected tuberculosis: A case report. Kang, Y; Ni, J; Wu, L, 2018)	0.48
"We investigated the protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine on lung injury after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats."	( Protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine on lung injury after cold ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Ding, M; Li, JY; Ren, HC; Wang, G; Wang, Q; Weng, YQ; Xu, RB; Yu, HL; Yu, WL, 2018)	0.48
"Ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine can reduce the inflammatory response and inhibit lipid peroxidation, eventually alleviating acute lung injury after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats."	( Protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine on lung injury after cold ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Ding, M; Li, JY; Ren, HC; Wang, G; Wang, Q; Weng, YQ; Xu, RB; Yu, HL; Yu, WL, 2018)	0.48
" Remifentanil relieves pain and, when combined with dexmedetomidine's antisympathetic action, can restore elevated BP to normal levels."	( Safety and efficacy of applying sufficient analgesia combined with a minimal sedation program as an early antihypertensive treatment for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial. Chen, P; Chen, W; Dong, R; Li, F; Maegele, M; Xu, Y; Yang, H, 2018)	0.48
" We will enroll 354 subjects in mainland China, and all subjects will be randomized into experimental and control groups in which they will be given remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine or antihypertensive drugs (urapidil, nicardipine, and labetalol)."	( Safety and efficacy of applying sufficient analgesia combined with a minimal sedation program as an early antihypertensive treatment for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial. Chen, P; Chen, W; Dong, R; Li, F; Maegele, M; Xu, Y; Yang, H, 2018)	0.48
"We hypothesize that applying sufficient analgesia in combination with minimal sedation will act as an effective and safe antihypertensive strategy in ICH and that this treatment strategy could, therefore, be widely used as an ICH acute-phase therapy."	( Safety and efficacy of applying sufficient analgesia combined with a minimal sedation program as an early antihypertensive treatment for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial. Chen, P; Chen, W; Dong, R; Li, F; Maegele, M; Xu, Y; Yang, H, 2018)	0.48
"Dexmedetomidine (DEX) improves postoperative pain scores and prolongs the duration of blockage when combined with local anesthetics (LAs) for neuraxial and brachial plexus block; however, there is little information about the effectiveness of DEX as an adjuvant to LAs in paravertebral block (PVB)."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthetics in thoracic paravertebral block: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Chen, LY; Mao, QX; Wang, K; Wang, LJ; Wang, Z; Yang, TJ, 2018)	0.48
"DEX combined with LAs in PVB significantly improved postoperative pain scores, prolonged the duration of analgesia, reduced postoperative analgesic consumption, and increased the odds of hypotension."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthetics in thoracic paravertebral block: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Chen, LY; Mao, QX; Wang, K; Wang, LJ; Wang, Z; Yang, TJ, 2018)	0.48
" DEX combined with sufentanil may play a synergistic reaction in causing respiratory distress, but remarkably decreases the incidence of POD."	( Effects of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Sufentanil on Postoperative Delirium in Young Patients After General Anesthesia. Gao, W; Hou, J; Liu, L; Wang, Y; Wu, Y; Xia, Z; Yuan, Q; Zhao, B, 2018)	0.48
"To investigate the effects of etomidate, emulsified isoflurane, and their combination with dexmedetomidine on physiological parameters, electrocardiogram (ECG) results, and the quality of induction and recovery during isoflurane maintenance anaesthesia."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with etomidate or emulsified isoflurane for induction reduced cardiopulmonary response in dogs. Lin, T; Liu, C; Zhou, Z, 2018)	0.48
"BACKGROUND This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the analgesics effect and safety of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with bupivacaine (BU) on caudal epidural block."	( The Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Bupivacaine on Caudal Epidural Block in Children: A Meta-Analysis. Cui, J; Li, S; Tan, X; Tu, Z, 2019)	0.51
" Dexmedetomidine in combination with continuous positive airway pressure can alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammation of lung tissues in one-lung ventilation during the thoracic surgery of elder patients, thus, reducing the incidence of postoperative complications."	( Clinical application and effect of dexmedetomidine in combination with continuous positive airway pressure on one-lung ventilation in lung surgery of elder patients. Li, JB; Lin, J; Lu, Z, 2018)	0.48
"The goal of this study was to determine whether a drug combination using nalbuphine with dexmedetomidine and tiletamine/zolazepam is non-inferior to one that uses butorphanol."	( Use of nalbuphine as a substitute for butorphanol in combination with dexmedetomidine and tiletamine/zolazepam: a randomized non-inferiority trial. Cornell, HN; Hofmeister, EH; Kelsey, SE; Kreisler, RE; Smith, VA, 2020)	0.56
"To evaluate the effect of postoperative intravenous (IV) acetaminophen (paracetamol) vs placebo combined with IV propofol vs dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium among older patients undergoing cardiac surgery."	( Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen vs Placebo Combined With Propofol or Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium Among Older Patients Following Cardiac Surgery: The DEXACET Randomized Clinical Trial. Banner-Goodspeed, V; Eikermann, M; Gallagher, J; Gasangwa, D; Marcantonio, ER; Mathur, P; Mueller, A; O'Gara, B; Packiasabapathy, S; Patxot, M; Shaefi, S; Shankar, P; Subramaniam, B; Talmor, D, 2019)	0.51
"Among older patients undergoing cardiac surgery, postoperative scheduled IV acetaminophen, combined with IV propofol or dexmedetomidine, reduced in-hospital delirium vs placebo."	( Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen vs Placebo Combined With Propofol or Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium Among Older Patients Following Cardiac Surgery: The DEXACET Randomized Clinical Trial. Banner-Goodspeed, V; Eikermann, M; Gallagher, J; Gasangwa, D; Marcantonio, ER; Mathur, P; Mueller, A; O'Gara, B; Packiasabapathy, S; Patxot, M; Shaefi, S; Shankar, P; Subramaniam, B; Talmor, D, 2019)	0.51
"This study aims to investigate the clinical effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with low concentrations of ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided continuous fem-oral nerve block for postoperative analgesia in elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA)."	( Ultrasound-Guided Continuous Femoral Nerve Block with Dexmedetomidine Combined with Low Concentrations of Ropivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Elderly Knee Arthroplasty. Bai, XL; Cheng, ZJ; Guo, Z; Jia, PY; Li, YN; Yang, JX; Zhang, EF; Zhao, XY, 2019)	0.51
"Dexmedetomidine infusion combined with rectus sheath block provided more hemodynamic stability during abdominal exploration and better analgesia after surgery."	( Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ultrasound-Guided Rectus Sheath Block for Open Gastrectomy: a Prospective Randomized Trial. Chen, W; Jiang, X; Li, Y; Miao, X; Wang, J; Yang, L; Yuan, H, 2020)	0.56
"The paper aims to explore the application of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine in thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer and its effect on the awakening quality."	( The application of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine in thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer and its effect on awakening quality of patients. Ji, XY; Liu, R; Song, JF; Tan, HL; Yi, XL; Zhou, ZG, 2019)	0.51
" Among them, 68 patients were anesthetized with dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine as a study group, 54 patients with midazolam combined with fentanyl as a control group."	( The application of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine in thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer and its effect on awakening quality of patients. Ji, XY; Liu, R; Song, JF; Tan, HL; Yi, XL; Zhou, ZG, 2019)	0.51
"The anesthesia effect of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine in thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer is better and safer than other drugs, and it can produce good sedation and analgesic effect."	( The application of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine in thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer and its effect on awakening quality of patients. Ji, XY; Liu, R; Song, JF; Tan, HL; Yi, XL; Zhou, ZG, 2019)	0.51
"This study was designed to discuss the clinical effects of dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for patients with laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer."	( Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on the levels of inflammatory cytokine in patients with rectal cancer. Song, J; Wang, G; Wei, N; Zhang, J, 2019)	0.51
" The aim of this study was to compare the effects of DEX combined with ISB with ISB alone on postoperative pain, satisfaction, and pain-related cytokines within the first 48 h after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with interscalene brachial plexus block has a synergistic effect on relieving postoperative pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Hwang, JT; Hwang, SM; Jang, JS; Kim, DY; Kim, YB; Lee, HN; Lee, JJ; Lee, S; Lee, SS; Song, DK, 2020)	0.56
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of morphine in combination with dexmedetomidine and maropitant injected intramuscularly in dogs under general anaesthesia."	( Pharmacokinetics of morphine in combination with dexmedetomidine and maropitant following intramuscular injection in dogs anaesthetized with halothane. Chambers, P; Karna, SR; Kongara, K; Singh, P, 2020)	0.56
"To evaluate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of IM administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs."	( Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs. Aarnes, TK; Bednarski, RM; Cremer, J; Lerche, P; Murdock, MA; Riccó Pereira, CH, 2020)	0.56
"4 mg/kg] combined with acepromazine [0."	( Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs. Aarnes, TK; Bednarski, RM; Cremer, J; Lerche, P; Murdock, MA; Riccó Pereira, CH, 2020)	0.56
" There are several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with tramadol for PCIA in Chinese surgical patients."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine combined with tramadol for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in Chinese surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, F; Chen, P; Lei, J; Zhou, B, 2020)	0.56
"The RCTs of DEX combined with tramadol for PCIA were gathered from the PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, and VIP databases."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine combined with tramadol for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in Chinese surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, F; Chen, P; Lei, J; Zhou, B, 2020)	0.56
"To investigate the efficacy and safety of whole-course application of dexmedetomidine combined with ketorolac in nonnarcotic postoperative analgesia and its effect on inflammatory response and immune function in thoracoscopic surgery of lung cancer."	( Whole-Course Application of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ketorolac in Nonnarcotic Postoperative Analgesia for Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial. Hou, QH; Lin, Y; Lu, XY; Lv, R; Miao, Z; Wang, J; Wen, QP; Wu, P; Zhou, FC, 2020)	0.56
"Whole-course application of dexmedetomidine combined with ketorolac in nonnarcotic postoperative analgesia provided adequate and safe postoperative analgesia, reduced sufentanil consumption, analgesia-related complications, alleviated inflammatory response, and immunosuppression compared with sufentanil-based analgesia in thoracoscopic surgery."	( Whole-Course Application of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ketorolac in Nonnarcotic Postoperative Analgesia for Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial. Hou, QH; Lin, Y; Lu, XY; Lv, R; Miao, Z; Wang, J; Wen, QP; Wu, P; Zhou, FC, 2020)	0.56
"This prospective, randomized, controlled study aimed to explore the efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with epidural blockade on postoperative recovery of elderly patients after radical resection for colorectal cancer."	( Protective effect of dexmedetomidine infusion combined with epidural blockade on postoperative complications after surgery: A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. He, Z; Liu, Y; Sun, Z; Wu, X; Zhong, J; Zhu, X, 2020)	0.56
"To investigate the effect of intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine combined with parecoxib sodium on sedation and anxiety and stress response of tracheal intubation in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery."	( The clinical effect of dexmedetomidine combined with parecoxib sodium on sedation, antianxiety and prevention of intubation stress in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Chen, J; Gu, X; Lu, Y; Tan, X; Wang, J; Zhang, L, 2020)	0.56
"Preoperative intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine combined with parecoxib sodium by functional nasal endoscopy can not only calm and resist anxiety, but also better prevent stress response of endotracheal intubation, which is a safe and effective way of preoperative medication."	( The clinical effect of dexmedetomidine combined with parecoxib sodium on sedation, antianxiety and prevention of intubation stress in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Chen, J; Gu, X; Lu, Y; Tan, X; Wang, J; Zhang, L, 2020)	0.56
"This study aimed to investigate the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam nasal drops before a pediatric craniocerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)."	( Observation of the Sedative Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Midazolam Nasal Drops Before a Pediatric Craniocerebral MRI. He, L; Lai, Y; Li, SJ; Wu, ZF; Zhang, YP, 2020)	0.56
"Eighty children who needed an MRI examination were enrolled in the present study and randomly divided into 2 groups: the observation group (dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam nasal drops) and the control group."	( Observation of the Sedative Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Midazolam Nasal Drops Before a Pediatric Craniocerebral MRI. He, L; Lai, Y; Li, SJ; Wu, ZF; Zhang, YP, 2020)	0.56
"To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with pulmonary protective ventilation against lung injury in patients undergoing surgeries for esophageal cancer with one-lung ventilation (OLV)."	( [Dexmedetomidine combined with protective lung ventilation strategy provides lung protection in patients undergoing radical resection of esophageal cancer with one-lung ventilation]. Gong, Z; Li, J; Long, X; Ma, L; Tang, Y; Wei, H; Yu, J, 2020)	0.56
"Dexmedetomidine combined with pulmonary protective ventilation strategy can reduce perioperative lung injury in patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer with OLV by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress to improve lung function and reduce adverse effects of the surgery."	( [Dexmedetomidine combined with protective lung ventilation strategy provides lung protection in patients undergoing radical resection of esophageal cancer with one-lung ventilation]. Gong, Z; Li, J; Long, X; Ma, L; Tang, Y; Wei, H; Yu, J, 2020)	0.56
"Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) is the most commonly used block for the relief of postoperative pain from arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and can be used in combination with axillary nerve block (ANB)."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with suprascapular nerve block and axillary nerve block has a synergistic effect on relieving postoperative pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Hwang, JT; Hwang, SM; Jang, JS; Kim, DY; Lee, HN; Lee, JJ; Lee, SS; Moon, SH; Shim, JH; Song, DK, 2021)	0.62
"This study aimed to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine on inflammatory factors in children with axillary brachial plexus block."	( Application of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block in children and its effect on inflammatory factors. Fan, W; Sun, J; Wang, B; Yang, H; Yang, Y; Zhang, H; Zhou, J, 2020)	0.56
"The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of intravenous dexmedetomidine of different concentrations and to evaluate its maternal and neonatal safety when combined with butorphanol in parturients undergoing cesarean section."	( The Effectiveness and Safety of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine of Different Concentrations Combined with Butorphanol for Post-Caesarean Section Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cao, X; Gao, M; Hu, Y; Liu, C; Liu, S; Peng, P; Yang, C, 2021)	0.62
"To compare dexmedetomidine with acepromazine for premedication combined with methadone in dogs undergoing brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) surgery."	( Comparison between dexmedetomidine and acepromazine in combination with methadone for premedication in brachycephalic dogs undergoing surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. Auckburally, A; Flaherty, D; Murison, PJ; Petruccione, I, 2021)	0.62
"To investigate the safety and efficacy of remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine in fast-track cardiac anesthesia (FTCA) for transthoracic device closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) in pediatric patients."	( Analysis of Remifentanil-Based Fast-Track Anesthesia Combined with Dexmedetomidine for Transthoracic Device Closure of Atrial Septal Defect in Pediatric Patients. Cao, H; Chen, Q; Lei, YQ; Liu, JF; Wang, J; Wang, ZC; Yu, LS, 2021)	0.62
"Remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine in FTCA for transthoracic device closure of ASD in pediatric patients is safe and effective, is worthy of clinical promotion, and can benefit more children."	( Analysis of Remifentanil-Based Fast-Track Anesthesia Combined with Dexmedetomidine for Transthoracic Device Closure of Atrial Septal Defect in Pediatric Patients. Cao, H; Chen, Q; Lei, YQ; Liu, JF; Wang, J; Wang, ZC; Yu, LS, 2021)	0.62
" We compared the efficiency and safety of ropivacaine alone (R group) and ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine (RD group)."	( Evaluation of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine versus ropivacaine alone for epidural anesthesia: A meta-analysis. Deng, F; Liao, C; Wang, L; Wu, Q; Zhang, W; Zhao, J, 2021)	0.62
"There are no studies on the use of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil and dezocine-based patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in females undergoing thoracic surgery."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil and dezocine-based patient-controlled intravenous analgesia increases female patients' global satisfaction degree after thoracoscopic surgery. Li, Q; Wu, J; Xu, M; Yao, H, 2021)	0.62
"Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil and dezocine increased female patients' global satisfaction degree after thoracoscopic surgery."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil and dezocine-based patient-controlled intravenous analgesia increases female patients' global satisfaction degree after thoracoscopic surgery. Li, Q; Wu, J; Xu, M; Yao, H, 2021)	0.62
" This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam for undergoing conscious sedation during bronchoscopy."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam infusion guided by bispectral index during bronchoscopy. Dai, P; Dong, D; Guan, S; He, Q; Qiu, H; Wang, X; Xu, Q; Xu, X; Zhang, Q; Zhang, S; Zhou, J, 2021)	0.62
" Patients were randomized into DEX group (dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam) and FEN group (fentanyl combined with midazolam)."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam infusion guided by bispectral index during bronchoscopy. Dai, P; Dong, D; Guan, S; He, Q; Qiu, H; Wang, X; Xu, Q; Xu, X; Zhang, Q; Zhang, S; Zhou, J, 2021)	0.62
"The conscious sedation regimen of dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam monitored by BIS is considered to be safe and effective during bronchoscopy."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam infusion guided by bispectral index during bronchoscopy. Dai, P; Dong, D; Guan, S; He, Q; Qiu, H; Wang, X; Xu, Q; Xu, X; Zhang, Q; Zhang, S; Zhou, J, 2021)	0.62
"This study aimed to compare the sedation and analgesic effects of butorphanol alone and butorphanol in combination with dexmedetomidine on dressing changes in adult burn patients."	( Butorphanol in combination with dexmedetomidine provides efficient pain management in adult burn patients. Ding, X; Liu, C; Luo, Y; Shi, L; Yan, Z, 2021)	0.62
" In the control group, butorphanol combined with saline was injected into the body via venous route during dressing change."	( Butorphanol in combination with dexmedetomidine provides efficient pain management in adult burn patients. Ding, X; Liu, C; Luo, Y; Shi, L; Yan, Z, 2021)	0.62
"Butorphanol combined with dexmedetomidine can reduce analgesic use of butorphanol during dressing change."	( Butorphanol in combination with dexmedetomidine provides efficient pain management in adult burn patients. Ding, X; Liu, C; Luo, Y; Shi, L; Yan, Z, 2021)	0.62
"To evaluate the effects of using ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine for sciatic and saphenous nerve blocks in dogs."	( Effects of perineural administration of ropivacaine combined with perineural or intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine for sciatic and saphenous nerve blocks in dogs. Ida, KK; Markuszewski, MJ; Marolf, V; Sandersen, C; Siluk, D; Struck-Lewicka, W, 2021)	0.62
"5% ropivacaine in combination with dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) for locoregional anesthesia in dogs seemed to balance the benefit of prolonging sensory nerve blockade while minimizing adverse effects."	( Effects of perineural administration of ropivacaine combined with perineural or intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine for sciatic and saphenous nerve blocks in dogs. Ida, KK; Markuszewski, MJ; Marolf, V; Sandersen, C; Siluk, D; Struck-Lewicka, W, 2021)	0.62
"To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with different opioids on intraocular pressure (IOP) in dogs."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with opioids on intraocular pressure in healthy Beagle dogs. Cabrini, TM; Honsho, CS; Mattos-Junior, E; Nishimura, LT; Pypendop, BH, 2021)	0.62
"Dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with butorphanol, meperidine, methadone, nalbuphine or tramadol resulted in decreased IOP for 120 minutes in dogs."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with opioids on intraocular pressure in healthy Beagle dogs. Cabrini, TM; Honsho, CS; Mattos-Junior, E; Nishimura, LT; Pypendop, BH, 2021)	0.62
"To evaluate the sedative, analgesic and recovery characteristics of two subanaesthetic ketamine doses in combination with dexmedetomidine and methadone for intramuscular sedation in healthy Beagles."	( Sedative and analgesic effects of two subanaesthetic doses of ketamine in combination with methadone and a low dose of dexmedetomidine in healthy dogs. Aguado, D; Arenillas, M; Canfrán, S; Gómez de Segura, IA, 2021)	0.62
"To investigate whether intra-operative dexmedetomidine combined with goal-directed haemodynamic therapy (GDHT) has neuroprotective effects in cranial surgery."	( Neuroprotective effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine versus saline infusion combined with goal-directed haemodynamic therapy for patients undergoing cranial surgery: A randomised controlled trial. Chang, YW; Chen, PH; Cheng, HL; Cheng, YJ; Lee, CT; Lee, TS; Tsuang, FY; Wu, CY; Yeh, YC, 2021)	0.62
"5 μg kg-1 h-1) or saline combined with GDHT to optimise stroke volume during surgery."	( Neuroprotective effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine versus saline infusion combined with goal-directed haemodynamic therapy for patients undergoing cranial surgery: A randomised controlled trial. Chang, YW; Chen, PH; Cheng, HL; Cheng, YJ; Lee, CT; Lee, TS; Tsuang, FY; Wu, CY; Yeh, YC, 2021)	0.62
"Dexmedetomidine infusion combined with GDHT may mitigate neuroinflammation without undesirable haemodynamic effects during cranial surgery and therefore be neuroprotective."	( Neuroprotective effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine versus saline infusion combined with goal-directed haemodynamic therapy for patients undergoing cranial surgery: A randomised controlled trial. Chang, YW; Chen, PH; Cheng, HL; Cheng, YJ; Lee, CT; Lee, TS; Tsuang, FY; Wu, CY; Yeh, YC, 2021)	0.62
"To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with citrate sufentanil on the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine combined with citrate sufentanil on the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Huang, J; Ji, M; Wang, J, 2021)	0.62
"BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to investigate different doses of nalbuphine combined with dexmedetomidine in the postoperative treatment of laparoscopic oophorocystectomy."	( Different Doses of Nalbuphine Combined with Dexmedetomidine in Laparoscopic Oophorocystectomy. Hu, X; Liu, X; Song, J; Zhang, Y, 2021)	0.62
"To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sedation and analgesia using dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil in multiple complex teeth extraction under local anesthesia."	( [Evaluation of the application of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil in extraction of multiple complex teeth under local anesthesia]. He, H; Liu, H; Qi, M; Shao, Y; Sheng, L, 2021)	0.62
"According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, 40 patients scheduled for multiple complex teeth (4-6) extraction were randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental group (sedation and analgesia using dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil in addition to local anesthesia, n=20) and control group (local anesthesia, n=20)."	( [Evaluation of the application of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil in extraction of multiple complex teeth under local anesthesia]. He, H; Liu, H; Qi, M; Shao, Y; Sheng, L, 2021)	0.62
"Sedation and analgesia using dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil in addition to local anesthesia is a safe and effective approach in multiple complex teeth extraction."	( [Evaluation of the application of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil in extraction of multiple complex teeth under local anesthesia]. He, H; Liu, H; Qi, M; Shao, Y; Sheng, L, 2021)	0.62
"To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil on postoperative analgesia and immune function in patients with lung cancer after radical operation."	( Application effect of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil and flurbiprofen axetil monotherapy in radical operation of lung cancer and evaluation of the immune function. Chen, Y; Du, J; Tao, H; Zong, S, )	0.13
"60 lung cancer patients undergoing open chest radical surgery were selected and randomly divided into D & F Group (dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil) and F Group (flurbiprofen axetil), with 30 cases in each group."	( Application effect of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil and flurbiprofen axetil monotherapy in radical operation of lung cancer and evaluation of the immune function. Chen, Y; Du, J; Tao, H; Zong, S, )	0.13
"Flurbiprofen axetil can improve postoperative pain, but combined with dexmedetomidine better effect, postoperative comfort and immune function of patients were significantly improved."	( Application effect of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil and flurbiprofen axetil monotherapy in radical operation of lung cancer and evaluation of the immune function. Chen, Y; Du, J; Tao, H; Zong, S, )	0.13
"This study attempted to investigate the effect of intravenous anesthesia with dexmedetomidine and propofol combined with seaweed polysaccharides on painless induced abortion."	( Analysis on the effect of intravenous anesthesia with dexmedetomidine and propofol combined with seaweed polysaccharides on hemodynamics and analgesia in pregnant females undergoing painless induced abortion. Han, Y; Liu, Z; Wu, J; Yang, L, 2021)	0.62
"To determine the dose of alfaxalone for IM administration combined with dexmedetomidine and hydromorphone that would allow endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation in rabbits without causing a decrease in respiratory rate or apnea."	( Assessment of intramuscular administration of three doses of alfaxalone combined with hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine for endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Cremer, J; da Cunha, A; Hampton, CE; Liu, CC; Nevarez, JG; Queiroz-Williams, P; Reabel, SN, 2021)	0.62
"Increasing doses of alfaxalone combined with hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine increased the success rate of endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation."	( Assessment of intramuscular administration of three doses of alfaxalone combined with hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine for endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Cremer, J; da Cunha, A; Hampton, CE; Liu, CC; Nevarez, JG; Queiroz-Williams, P; Reabel, SN, 2021)	0.62
"This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of lidocaine pretreatment combined with dexmedetomidine on oxidative stress in patients with intracranial aneurysm clipping."	( Effect and Mechanism of Lidocaine Pretreatment Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Oxidative Stress in Patients with Intracranial Aneurysm Clipping. Liu, Y; Zhang, H; Zhang, J; Zhao, L; Zhao, Z, 2021)	0.62
"To study the effects of dexmedetomidine in combination with ropivacaine in patients undergoing craniocerebral surgery and their efficiency on cognitive function and inflammatory response of patients."	( Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ropivacaine on Cognitive Dysfunction and Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Craniocerebral Surgery. Liu, Y; Zhang, H; Zhang, W, 2021)	0.62
"Dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine has high application value in craniocerebral surgery."	( Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ropivacaine on Cognitive Dysfunction and Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Craniocerebral Surgery. Liu, Y; Zhang, H; Zhang, W, 2021)	0.62
"To explore the effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine (DM) combined with hydromorphone (HM) in postoperative analgesia and on levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in PCa patients."	( [Effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine combined with hydromorphone in postoperative analgesia and on the serum IL-6 and CRP levels of prostate cancer patients]. Gao, X; Gong, RJ; Li, YH; Xia, XQ; Yang, ZH; Yu, YB, 2021)	0.62
"Low-dose dexmedetomidine combined with hydromorphone is a safe and effective option for postoperative analgesia in PCa patients, and it can inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors."	( [Effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine combined with hydromorphone in postoperative analgesia and on the serum IL-6 and CRP levels of prostate cancer patients]. Gao, X; Gong, RJ; Li, YH; Xia, XQ; Yang, ZH; Yu, YB, 2021)	0.62
"This research was aimed to study CT image features based on the backprojection filtering reconstruction algorithm and evaluate the effect of ropivacaine combined with dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine on assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy to provide reference for clinical diagnosis."	( Computerized Tomography Image Features under the Reconstruction Algorithm in the Evaluation of the Effect of Ropivacaine Combined with Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine on Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy. Cui, Y; Lei, J; Sun, Y; Xia, M; Yao, D, 2021)	0.62
"Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a severe traumatic procedure, and femoral nerve block (FNB) combined with a sciatic nerve block (SNB) is widely used in TKA."	( Dexmedetomidine Combined with Femoral Nerve Block Provides Effective Analgesia Similar to Femoral Nerve Combined with Sciatic Nerve Block in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Study. Jin, XB; Liu, C; Liu, LF; Luo, YR; Xiao, R; Xu, GH; Zhou, W, 2022)	0.72
"DEX combined with FNB could provide effective analgesia similar to SNB combined with FNB in TKA."	( Dexmedetomidine Combined with Femoral Nerve Block Provides Effective Analgesia Similar to Femoral Nerve Combined with Sciatic Nerve Block in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Study. Jin, XB; Liu, C; Liu, LF; Luo, YR; Xiao, R; Xu, GH; Zhou, W, 2022)	0.72
" The objective was to determine whether administering remifentanil-propofol combined with dexmedetomidine during general anesthesia would decrease the incidence and severity of postoperative emergence agitation, anxiety, and depression without affecting cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients."	( The effects of remifentanil-propofol combined with dexmedetomidine on cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Gao, XP; Wang, F; Wu, L; Xie, D; Xu, H; Ye, Q, 2022)	0.72
" This study aimed to observe the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine erector spinae plane block (ESPB) used in posterior lumbar spine surgery."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for erector spinae plane block after posterior lumbar spine surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Jie-Ting, L; Jun, L; Min, W; Rong, T; Sheng-Hui, H; Yan, Z; Yi, L; Yi-Han, W, 2022)	0.72
"To evaluate the efficacy of a perineural injection of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for reducing postoperative methadone requirements in dogs after tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO)."	( Effects of perineural dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine on postoperative methadone requirements in dogs after tibial plateau levelling osteotomy: a two-centre study. Marolf, V; Picavet, P; Sandersen, C; Selz, J; Spadavecchia, C; Tutunaru, A, 2022)	0.72
"Perineural dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine did not reduce postoperative methadone requirements in dogs after TPLO, but results may differ from one centre to another."	( Effects of perineural dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine on postoperative methadone requirements in dogs after tibial plateau levelling osteotomy: a two-centre study. Marolf, V; Picavet, P; Sandersen, C; Selz, J; Spadavecchia, C; Tutunaru, A, 2022)	0.72
" We aim to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) on anesthesia and stress response in patients with a cervical spine injury."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with endotracheal intubation laryngeal mask in anesthesia of patients with a cervical spine injury. Bai, Y; Gao, XN; Li, YX; Liu, Z; Sun, YB; Wang, LP; Wang, X, 2022)	0.72
"Dexmedetomidine combined with ILMA could improve the first intubation success rate and tolerance in patients with cervical spine injury by maintaining stable hemodynamics and reducing the stress response of patients."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with endotracheal intubation laryngeal mask in anesthesia of patients with a cervical spine injury. Bai, Y; Gao, XN; Li, YX; Liu, Z; Sun, YB; Wang, LP; Wang, X, 2022)	0.72
"This review and meta-analysis comprehensively elaborated the analgesic and sedative effects of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine in epidural labor analgesia, and its possible resulting motor block and adverse reactions."	( Evaluation of the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in epidural labor analgesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Guo, G; Liu, W; Wen, J; Zhao, Y; Zhou, H, 2022)	0.72
"PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WANFANG DATA were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine in epidural labor analgesia."	( Evaluation of the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in epidural labor analgesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Guo, G; Liu, W; Wen, J; Zhao, Y; Zhou, H, 2022)	0.72
"To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with intravenous anesthesia on oxidative emergency indicators, postoperative sleep quality, and brain function in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (HICH), a total of 285 HICH patients admitted to our hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected."	( Effects of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Intravenous Anesthesia on Oxidative Stress Index, Postoperative Sleep Quality, and Brain Function in HICH Patients. Bai, Y; Chen, Y; Liu, P; Shi, J; Zhao, G, 2022)	0.72
" The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a single loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol for deep sedation of ERCP in elderly patients."	( Effectiveness of single loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol for deep sedation of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in elderly patients: a prospective randomized study. Chen, M; Gu, C; Huang, X; Li, X; Sun, Y; Xu, Y; Zhang, C, 2022)	0.72
"The single loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol can reduce propofol consumption and artificial airway intervention and provide better hemodynamic stability than propofol for deep sedation in elderly patients during ERCP."	( Effectiveness of single loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol for deep sedation of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in elderly patients: a prospective randomized study. Chen, M; Gu, C; Huang, X; Li, X; Sun, Y; Xu, Y; Zhang, C, 2022)	0.72
"To compare the sedation regimen Dexmedetomidine alone and its combination with low dose Ketamine through intravenous route in terms of safety, efficacy and recovery profile in uncooperative paediatric dental patients requiring pulpectomy."	( A double-blind randomized controlled trial to compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with ketamine in uncooperative and anxious paediatric dental patients requiring pulpectomy. Gupta, N; Haider, K; Mittal, N; Srivastava, B, 2022)	0.72
"Dexmedetomidine either alone or in combination with ketamine proved to be a safe and efficacious agent for paediatric dental sedation."	( A double-blind randomized controlled trial to compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with ketamine in uncooperative and anxious paediatric dental patients requiring pulpectomy. Gupta, N; Haider, K; Mittal, N; Srivastava, B, 2022)	0.72
"To investigated the effects of sufentanil in combination with flurbiprofen axetil and dexmedetomidine for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on patients after open gastrointestinal tumor surgery, and compared this combination with traditional PCIA with pure opioids or epidural analgesia (PCEA)."	( Analgesic effects of sufentanil in combination with flurbiprofen axetil and dexmedetomidine after open gastrointestinal tumor surgery: a retrospective study. Chen, YJ; Huang, J; Li, TT; Liu, F; Wang, TH; Xiong, LL; Yin, L, 2022)	0.72
"The analgesic effects of PCIA with sufentanil in combination with flurbiprofen axetil and dexmedetomidine on postoperative analgesia was better than that of traditional pure opioids PCIA, and similar with that of PCEA."	( Analgesic effects of sufentanil in combination with flurbiprofen axetil and dexmedetomidine after open gastrointestinal tumor surgery: a retrospective study. Chen, YJ; Huang, J; Li, TT; Liu, F; Wang, TH; Xiong, LL; Yin, L, 2022)	0.72
" Dexmedetomidine must, however, be combined with a powerful analgesic."	( Procedural Sedation With Dexmedetomidine in Combination With Ketamine in the Emergency Department. Cren, R; De Kock, M; Grégoire, C; Henrie, J; Lavand'homme, P; Penaloza, A; Verschuren, F, 2022)	0.72
"The present study aimed to investigate whether intratracheal dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine reduces the severity and incidence of postoperative sore throat after tracheal intubation under general anaesthesia."	( Effect of intratracheal dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine on postoperative sore throat: a prospective randomised double-blinded controlled trial. He, Y; Hu, R; Ning, R; Niu, J; Sun, H; Yang, N; Yu, J, 2022)	0.72
"The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine on adverse reactions and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after intestinal surgery and its protective effect on the heart in the perioperative period."	( Effects of dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine on adverse reactions and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing HIPEC after intestinal surgery and its protective effect on the heart in the perioperative period. Lu, YJ; Shao, JL; Shen, R; Wang, L; Yang, ZH; Zhan, FF, 2022)	0.72
" Meanwhile, dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine was given in the same way in the observation group."	( Effects of dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine on adverse reactions and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing HIPEC after intestinal surgery and its protective effect on the heart in the perioperative period. Lu, YJ; Shao, JL; Shen, R; Wang, L; Yang, ZH; Zhan, FF, 2022)	0.72
"In HIPEC, dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine used for sedation and analgesia is able to effectively reduce adverse reactions and relieve inflammatory responses in vivo, exerting a cardio-protective effect."	( Effects of dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine on adverse reactions and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing HIPEC after intestinal surgery and its protective effect on the heart in the perioperative period. Lu, YJ; Shao, JL; Shen, R; Wang, L; Yang, ZH; Zhan, FF, 2022)	0.72
"This study aimed to investigate the effect of ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone in a thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) combined with an erector spinae plane block (ESPB) for thoracoscopic lobectomy analgesia."	( Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine or Dexamethasone in a Thoracic Paravertebral Nerve Block Combined with an Erector Spinae Plane Block for Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Feng, XY; Lei, YJ; Wang, XR; Wang, ZH; Yang, J; Zhang, JW; Zhang, XR; Zhao, M, 2022)	0.72
" Ultrasound-guided TPVB combined with an erector spinae plane block was given after anesthesia induction."	( Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine or Dexamethasone in a Thoracic Paravertebral Nerve Block Combined with an Erector Spinae Plane Block for Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Feng, XY; Lei, YJ; Wang, XR; Wang, ZH; Yang, J; Zhang, JW; Zhang, XR; Zhao, M, 2022)	0.72
"Ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone in TPVB combined with ESPB could prolong the time to first postoperative remedial analgesia, reduce perioperative sufentanil and postoperative remedial analgesic drug consumption, and decrease the postoperative NRS score in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy."	( Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine or Dexamethasone in a Thoracic Paravertebral Nerve Block Combined with an Erector Spinae Plane Block for Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Feng, XY; Lei, YJ; Wang, XR; Wang, ZH; Yang, J; Zhang, JW; Zhang, XR; Zhao, M, 2022)	0.72
"The aim of this study was to analyze the application of ultrasound-guided low-dose dexmedetomidine combined with lumbosacral plexus block based on artificial intelligence algorithm in the surgical treatment of proximal femoral fractures."	( Effect of Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine Combined with Lumbosacral Plexus Block Guided by Ultrasound Imaging Based on Image Segmentation Algorithm in Fracture Surgery. He, Q; Ji, Q; Li, Y; Ma, Y; Wang, F, 2022)	0.72
"To investigate the analgesic effect and rehabilitation quality of patients undergoing thoracoscopic wedge resection of the lung under erector spinae plane (ESP) block with dexmedetomidine combined with the same dose and different concentrations of ropivacaine."	( Effects of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block with dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine of the same dose and different concentrations on analgesic effect and rehabilitation quality of patients undergoing thoracoscopic wedge resection of the Fu, H; Jian, C; Shen, Y; Yu, L, 2022)	0.72
" The objective was to observe the effect of etomidate combined with dexmedetomidine on adrenocortical function in elderly patients."	( Effects of etomidate combined with dexmedetomidine on adrenocortical function in elderly patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Gao, L; Li, J; Wang, F; Wang, N; Yang, Z; Zeng, S, 2022)	0.72
"Comparing bupivacaine's adjuvants in spinal anesthesia, we assessed the specific blocking characteristics and adverse effects of bupivacaine alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine or meperidine in spinal anesthesia during cesarean section."	( Analgesic Characteristics of Bupivacaine Alone and in Combination with Dexmedetomidine or Meperidine in Spinal Anesthesia during Cesarean Section: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Azemati, S; Jouybar, R; Naderi-Boldaji, V; Zarghami, A, 2022)	0.72
" The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane for cervical dilatation combined with different doses of dexmedetomidine in patients with hysteroscopy surgery."	( Minimal alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in combination with dexmedetomidine in patients with hysteroscopy: An up-down sequential allocation study. Guo, YX; Jiang, PP; Luo, K; Wang, D; Wang, YZ; Yang, XL, 2022)	0.72
"To explore the impact of nano-microsphere loaded with dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation on the postoperative cognitive function of elderly patients with hip fracture."	( The Impact of Dexmedetomidine-loaded Nano-microsphere Combined with Percutaneous Acupoint Electrical Stimulation on the Postoperative Cognitive Function of Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture. Wang, J; Wang, S; Yang, J, 2022)	0.72
" We aimed to determine the optimal dose of dexmedetomidine for preemptive analgesia when combined with TAP block after colon cancer surgery."	( Optimal Dose of Dexmedetomidine for Preemptive Analgesia Combined with Transversus Abdominis Plane Block after Colon Cancer Surgery. Hao, D; Zhang, Z, 2022)	0.72
" These findings implied that the application of dexmedetomidine in combination with RO in TPVB has a good postoperative analgesic effect, as well as anti-inflammatory and immune-enhancing effects."	( Postoperative analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with TPVB applied to open gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Hou, Z; Qiu, Q; Wan, W, 2023)	0.91
"Propofol combined with remifentanil is the most common anesthesia method in laparoscopic hysteromyomectomy."	( Effect of Parecoxib Sodium Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Analgesia and Postoperative Pain of Patients Undergoing Hysteromyomectomy. Chen, Y; Hou, J; Liu, F; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Zhao, L; Zhao, Y, 2022)	0.72
"To determine the effect of parecoxib sodium combined with dexmedetomidine on analgesia and postoperative pain of patients undergoing hysteromyomectomy."	( Effect of Parecoxib Sodium Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Analgesia and Postoperative Pain of Patients Undergoing Hysteromyomectomy. Chen, Y; Hou, J; Liu, F; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Zhao, L; Zhao, Y, 2022)	0.72
" Among them, 35 patients treated with parecoxib sodium were assigned to the control group, while the rest 37 patients treated with parecoxib sodium combined with dexmedetomidine were assigned to the research group."	( Effect of Parecoxib Sodium Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Analgesia and Postoperative Pain of Patients Undergoing Hysteromyomectomy. Chen, Y; Hou, J; Liu, F; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Zhao, L; Zhao, Y, 2022)	0.72
"Parecoxib sodium combined with dexmedetomidine can effectively control the postoperative pain of patients undergoing hysteromyomectomy, reduce the incidence of agitation, and effectively control serum cortisol and melatonin in them."	( Effect of Parecoxib Sodium Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Analgesia and Postoperative Pain of Patients Undergoing Hysteromyomectomy. Chen, Y; Hou, J; Liu, F; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Zhao, L; Zhao, Y, 2022)	0.72
" However, the effects and safety of remimazolam alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine have not been investigated."	( Clinical effects of remimazolam alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in patients receiving bronchoscopy and influences on postoperative cognitive function: a randomized-controlled trial. Cao, L; Gao, S; Li, L; Wang, T; Yang, S, 2023)	0.91
"We sought to investigate the clinical effects of remimazolam alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in bronchoscopy, and their influence on cognitive function."	( Clinical effects of remimazolam alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine in patients receiving bronchoscopy and influences on postoperative cognitive function: a randomized-controlled trial. Cao, L; Gao, S; Li, L; Wang, T; Yang, S, 2023)	0.91
"To investigate the effect of intrathecal morphine, dexmedetomidine, or both in combination with bupivacaine on cellular immunity and cytokine production in cancer surgical patients."	( Immunosuppressive Effect of Intrathecal Morphine, Dexmedetomidine, or Both in Combination with Bupivacaine on Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Cancer Surgery. Abdelemam, RM; Elmasry, HM; Fares, KM; Kamal, SM; Mansour, S; Mohamed, SA, 2022)	0.72
"Intrathecal dexmedetomidine has the least immunosuppressive effect than morphine and morphine-dexmedetomidine, in combination with bupivacaine."	( Immunosuppressive Effect of Intrathecal Morphine, Dexmedetomidine, or Both in Combination with Bupivacaine on Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Cancer Surgery. Abdelemam, RM; Elmasry, HM; Fares, KM; Kamal, SM; Mansour, S; Mohamed, SA, 2022)	0.72
"To evaluate the anesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of ketamine-dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthesia, associated or not in the postoperative period with different doses of atipamezole, for orchiectomy in cats."	( Ketamine-dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthesia, with or without different doses of atipamezole in the postoperative period, for orchiectomy in cats. Cappelli, N; da Silva, MFA; de Carvalho, WTS; Gomes, VH; Mignani, BTG; Pimentel, VC, 2022)	0.72
"Cats received ketamine (7 mg/kg) combined with dexmedetomidine (10 µg/kg) IM, and 1 mL of saline (group KDSAL), 25 µg/kg (group KDAT25), or 50 µg/kg (group KDAT50) of atipamezole IV, postoperatively."	( Ketamine-dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthesia, with or without different doses of atipamezole in the postoperative period, for orchiectomy in cats. Cappelli, N; da Silva, MFA; de Carvalho, WTS; Gomes, VH; Mignani, BTG; Pimentel, VC, 2022)	0.72
"At the doses used, ketamine-dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthesia allowed the performance of orchiectomy."	( Ketamine-dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthesia, with or without different doses of atipamezole in the postoperative period, for orchiectomy in cats. Cappelli, N; da Silva, MFA; de Carvalho, WTS; Gomes, VH; Mignani, BTG; Pimentel, VC, 2022)	0.72
" Here, we attempted to explore the effects and mechanism of Xuesaitong (XST) combined with dexmedetomidine (Dex) on CI/R injury in rats."	( Xuesaitong Combined with Dexmedetomidine Improves Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Activating Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling and Mitophagy in Hippocampal Tissue. Ding, C; Han, GJ; Ma, SS; Min, XZ; Wang, XQ, 2022)	0.72
"To investigate the protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine against ischemiareperfusion injury (IRI) of the liver in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for liver cancer with cirrhosis."	( [Protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in laparoscopic hepatectomy for liver cancer and cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial]. Liu, G; Ou, Y; Yang, Y; Yin, F; Zhang, F, 2022)	0.72
"In patients undergoing LH for liver cancer with cirrhosis, ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine provides enhanced protection against hepatic IRI possibly through a synergistic effect against oxidative stress and inflammatory response, thereby reducing perioperative liver injury and accelerating postoperative recovery."	( [Protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in laparoscopic hepatectomy for liver cancer and cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial]. Liu, G; Ou, Y; Yang, Y; Yin, F; Zhang, F, 2022)	0.72
"This review aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled studies (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with ropivacaine versus single ropivacaine in transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) for postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)."	( Analgesic Effects of Ropivacaine Combined With Dexmedetomidine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sun, W; Zhu, M, 2023)	0.91
"Five electronic database systems were searched for RCTs on the effects of DEX combined with ropivacaine (joint group) and single ropivacaine on postoperative analgesia in LC."	( Analgesic Effects of Ropivacaine Combined With Dexmedetomidine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sun, W; Zhu, M, 2023)	0.91
" The results showed that compared with single ropivacaine, DEX combined with ropivacaine in TAPB had better analgesia and lighter sedative effect in patients after LC."	( Analgesic Effects of Ropivacaine Combined With Dexmedetomidine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sun, W; Zhu, M, 2023)	0.91
"The aim of the study is to explore the clinical effect of dexmedetomidine combined with low-dose norepinephrine (NE) continuous pumping in preventing supine hypotension."	( Dexmedetomidine Combined with Low-Dose Norepinephrine Continuous Pumping to Prevent Hypotension after Cesaresan Section: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Chen, J; Song, Y; Wang, QF; Wang, SL; Zhang, F; Zhang, J, 2023)	0.91
"The authors sought to quantify the clinical impacts of granisetron, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and lidocaine combined with fentanyl, for procedural sedation and analgesia in cystoscopy and for bladder catheter tolerance."	( Efficacy appraisal of four regimens (granisetron, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and lidocaine combined with fentanyl) for cystoscopy-associated sedation and analgesia and catheter-related bladder tolerance: a randomized clinical trial. Almasi-Hashiani, A; Jafarirismani, R; Modir, H; Shamaii, K, )	0.13
" To avoid difficult airway-related emergency scenarios, the AFNI was successfully performed through intravenous injection of sufentanil and dexmedetomidine combined with lidocaine topical anesthesia under a conscious state without any uncomfortable feeling or complications."	( Sufentanil, dexmedetomidine combined with surface anesthesia for awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation in the patient with severe mouth opening difficulty undergoing wedge resection of the right upper lung: A case report and literature review. Lv, X; Sun, P; Yin, D; Zhang, Y, 2023)	0.91
"Intravenous injection of sufentanil and dexmedetomidine combined with lidocaine topical anesthesia can be used as an alternative medication scheme to relieve uncomfortable suffering for AFNI in patients with severe mouth opening difficulty."	( Sufentanil, dexmedetomidine combined with surface anesthesia for awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation in the patient with severe mouth opening difficulty undergoing wedge resection of the right upper lung: A case report and literature review. Lv, X; Sun, P; Yin, D; Zhang, Y, 2023)	0.91
"To observe the efficacy and safety of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam in cranial magnetic resonance imaging of children."	( Clinical Analysis of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Combined With Midazolam in Pediatric Cranial Magnetic Resonance Examinations. He, L; Li, SJ; Ming, L; Shen, KF; Wu, ZF; Zhang, YP, 2023)	0.91
" We examined the usefulness of intravenous (IV) DEX sedation combined with brachial plexus block for long-duration upper extremity surgery without an anesthesiologist."	( Long-duration upper extremity surgery under brachial plexus block combined with intravenous dexmedetomidine sedation without an anesthesiologist. Konishi, S; Miyashima, Y; Nakamura, H; Uemura, T, 2023)	0.91
"Long-duration upper extremity surgery, even longer than 2 h, was feasible under brachial plexus block combined with IV DEX sedation without an anesthesiologist."	( Long-duration upper extremity surgery under brachial plexus block combined with intravenous dexmedetomidine sedation without an anesthesiologist. Konishi, S; Miyashima, Y; Nakamura, H; Uemura, T, 2023)	0.91
"To investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride combined with dexmedetomidine on pulmonary function in patients undergoing heart valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)."	( Effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride combined with dexmedetomidine on pulmonary function in patients undergoing heart valve surgery: a double-blind, randomized trial. Chen, Y; He, F; Lu, Y; Mao, Q; Xie, Y; Zhou, L, 2023)	0.91
"To evaluate the efficacy of sufentanil combined with dexmedetomidine in patient-controlled subcutaneous analgesia (PSCA) for advanced cancer pain, 62 patients with advanced cancer pain treated in Department of Oncology of Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital from January 2017 to May 2020 were recruited and assigned via the random number table method to either the control group or the observation group."	( Clinical efficacy of sufentanil combined with dexmedetomidine in patient-controlled subcutaneous analgesia for advanced cancer pain. Du, B; Guo, Q; Qi, X; Wang, B; Xiao, F; Zhang, H; Zhang, J, 2023)	0.91
"This study aimed to determine how dexmedetomidine and dezocine interact on T lymphocytes, NK cells and cognitive function in elderly individuals with gastrointestinal cancer after radical surgery."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine combined with dezocine on T lymphocytes, NK cells and cognitive function in elderly patients with gastrointestinal cancer after radical surgery. Ai, Z, 2023)	0.91
" This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effects and safety of CSA using different doses of remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine during peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion."	( Conscious sedation anesthesia using different doses of remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine for peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation. Ding, J; Fang, X; Liu, K; Ren, X; Wang, M; Yang, Q; Yao, L, 2023)	0.91
"07 μg/kg/min) combined with dexmedetomidine achieved satisfactory anesthetic effects with fewer adverse drug reactions during PD catheter implantation, indicating its potential for use in patients undergoing PD catheter placement."	( Conscious sedation anesthesia using different doses of remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine for peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation. Ding, J; Fang, X; Liu, K; Ren, X; Wang, M; Yang, Q; Yao, L, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"To determine the absolute bioavailability of extravascularly administered dexmedetomidine, a novel a2-adrenoceptor agonist, in healthy subjects."	( Bioavailability of dexmedetomidine after extravascular doses in healthy subjects. Anttila, M; Helminen, A; Penttilä, J; Scheinin, H; Vuorilehto, L, 2003)	0.32
"Mean (95% CI) absolute bioavailability after peroral, buccal and intramuscular administration was 16% (12-20%), 82% (73-92%) and 104% (96-112%), respectively."	( Bioavailability of dexmedetomidine after extravascular doses in healthy subjects. Anttila, M; Helminen, A; Penttilä, J; Scheinin, H; Vuorilehto, L, 2003)	0.32
"Dexmedetomidine is well absorbed systemically through the oral mucosa, and therefore buccal dosing may provide an effective, noninvasive route to administer the drug."	( Bioavailability of dexmedetomidine after extravascular doses in healthy subjects. Anttila, M; Helminen, A; Penttilä, J; Scheinin, H; Vuorilehto, L, 2003)	0.32
" Dexmedetomidine is well absorbed through the oral mucosa in cats since OTM and IM administration of dexmedetomidine 40microg/kg produced similar overall sedative and antinociceptive effects."	( Thermal antinociception after dexmedetomidine administration in cats: a comparison between intramuscular and oral transmucosal administration. Monroe, T; Slingsby, LS; Taylor, PM, 2009)	0.35
" Following intranasal administration, peak plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine were reached in 38 (15-60) min and its absolute bioavailability was 65% (35-93%) (medians and ranges)."	( Bioavailability of dexmedetomidine after intranasal administration. Aantaa, R; Iirola, T; Lahtinen, M; Manner, T; Olkkola, KT; Scheinin, M; Vilo, S, 2011)	0.37
" In this study, dexmedetomidine produced no common side effects (blood pressure and heart rate fluctuation), which may indicate that oral administration with a 76% bioavailability versus 82% in buccal preparations results in fewer side effects but requires higher dosing to gain therapeutic effects."	( Dexmedetomidine as a pediatric anesthetic premedication to reduce anxiety and to deter emergence delirium. Cramolini, M; Mountain, BW; Newman, M; Smithson, L; Wyatt, TH, 2011)	0.37
" Data suggested that dexmedetomidine (40 μg/kg) combined with buprenorphine (20 μg/kg) is not as well absorbed from the buccal mucosa site as from the intramuscular injection site."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral transmucosal and intramuscular dexmedetomidine combined with buprenorphine in cats. Baert, K; Bosmans, T; Cherlet, M; Croubels, S; De Backer, P; de Rooster, H; Polis, I; Porters, N, 2015)	0.42
" Intranasal bioavailability was 82%."	( Mechanism-based population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of intravenous and intranasal dexmedetomidine in healthy subjects. Aantaa, R; Iirola, T; Jusko, WJ; Lahtinen, M; Manner, T; Olkkola, KT; Scheinin, M; Vilo, S; Yoo, H, 2015)	0.42
"Mucosal atomization device (MAD) was designed to increase the bioavailability of intranasal medications by facilitating absorption, the present study aimed to evaluate and compare the sedation effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine delivered as drops versus sprays on pediatric responses to intravenous cannulation."	( Sedation effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine delivered as sprays versus drops on pediatric response to venous cannulation. Gan, X; Liao, M; Lin, J; Shen, W; Xiao, L; Xie, Z, 2017)	0.46
" Intranasal bioavailability was estimated to be 40."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of intranasal and intravenous dexmedetomidine. Goulay-Dufaÿ, S; Irwin, MG; Kwok, PCL; Leung, AS; Leung, MKM; Li, A; Sheng, Y; Standing, JF; Wong, ICK; Yuen, VM, 2018)	0.48
"There is no difference in bioavailability with atomisation or nasal drops."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of intranasal and intravenous dexmedetomidine. Goulay-Dufaÿ, S; Irwin, MG; Kwok, PCL; Leung, AS; Leung, MKM; Li, A; Sheng, Y; Standing, JF; Wong, ICK; Yuen, VM, 2018)	0.48
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
" Bioavailability for OTM administration of dexmedetomidine was 11."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of oral transmucosal and intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine in dogs. Aarnes, TK; Bednarski, RM; Dent, BT; KuKanich, B; Lakritz, J; Lerche, P; Riccó Pereira, CH; Wavreille, VA, 2019)	0.51
" Therefore, this study aimed to examine the pharmacokinetics, absolute bioavailability and tolerability of intranasal ketamine administration compared with intravenous administration."	( Pharmacokinetics, absolute bioavailability and tolerability of ketamine after intranasal administration to dexmedetomidine sedated dogs. Croubels, S; Devreese, M; Dockx, R; Duchateau, L; Peremans, K; Polis, I; Vlerick, L, 2020)	0.56
" Peak plasma dexmedetomidine concentrations were reached after 15 minutes with DEX1PN (mean ± SD, 348 ± 200 pg/mL) and after 30 minutes DEX2PN (816 ± 607 pg/mL), and bioavailability was 54 ± 40% and 73 ± 43%, respectively."	( Effects of perineural administration of ropivacaine combined with perineural or intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine for sciatic and saphenous nerve blocks in dogs. Ida, KK; Markuszewski, MJ; Marolf, V; Sandersen, C; Siluk, D; Struck-Lewicka, W, 2021)	0.62
" The nebulised route of drug delivery carries the advantage of good bioavailability and safety profile."	( Comparison of single-shot nebuliser protocol between dexmedetomidine and ketamine in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging. Geetha, K; Karishma, K; Padhy, S, 2022)	0.72

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" A similar finding was made in the hot-plate test despite the fact that the dose-response characteristics of the agonists were different in this test."	( Synergistic interactions between two alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonists, dexmedetomidine and ST-91, in two substrains of Sprague-Dawley rats. Graham, BA; Hammond, DL; Proudfit, HK, 2000)	0.31
" The dose that yielded 50% of the maximum possible effect (ED50) and dose-response and time-course curves were determined for the ketamines (30-300 microg), morphine (0."	( The effects of ketamine and its enantiomers on the morphine- or dexmedetomidine-induced antinociception after intrathecal administration in rats. Benedek, G; Dobos, I; Horvath, G; Joó, G; Kekesi, G; Klimscha, W; Szikszay, M, 2000)	0.31
" A biphasic (low, then high) dose-response relation for mean arterial pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and vascular resistances, and an attenuation of the cold pressor response also were observed."	( The effects of increasing plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine in humans. Barney, JA; Colinco, MD; Ebert, TJ; Hall, JE; Uhrich, TD, 2000)	0.31
"63 microg x kg(-1) caused a reduction in the overall concentration and dose of propofol required to produce loss of consciousness, but no significant shift in the dose-response curve compared with other studies."	( The effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine premedication on the dose requirement of propofol to induce loss of consciousness in patients receiving alfentanil. Cloote, AH; Peden, CJ; Prys-Roberts, C; Stratford, N, 2001)	0.31
" Dose-response curves were determined for endomorphin-1 (0."	( The synergistic antinociceptive interactions of endomorphin-1 with dexmedetomidine and/or S(+)-ketamine in rats. Benedek, G; Dobos, I; Horvath, G; Joo, G; Klimscha, W; Toth, G, 2001)	0.31
" In these studies, we first constructed antinociceptive dose-response curves for Dex and morphine (MSO4)."	( Dexmedetomidine fails to cause hyperalgesia after cessation of chronic administration. Clark, JD; Davies, MF; Haimor, F; Lighthall, G, 2003)	0.32
" Bilateral VLPO lesions attenuated the sedative response to dexmedetomidine, and the dose-response curve to dexmedetomidine was shifted right by gabazine administered systemically or directly into the TMN."	( The alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine converges on an endogenous sleep-promoting pathway to exert its sedative effects. Franks, NP; Guo, T; Lu, J; Maze, M; Nelson, LE; Saper, CB, 2003)	0.32
"The results of this study are the first to characterize the lower end of the dose-response curve for vasoconstriction induced by dexmedetomidine."	( Systemically administered alpha2-agonist-induced peripheral vasoconstriction in humans. Brown, R; Lobo, E; Talke, P, 2003)	0.32
"Dexmedetomidine is well absorbed systemically through the oral mucosa, and therefore buccal dosing may provide an effective, noninvasive route to administer the drug."	( Bioavailability of dexmedetomidine after extravascular doses in healthy subjects. Anttila, M; Helminen, A; Penttilä, J; Scheinin, H; Vuorilehto, L, 2003)	0.32
" In the hypothermia group, dexmedetomidine produced a U-shaped dose-response in both large and small cerebral arterioles (concentration-related vasoconstriction at 10(-7) and 10(-5) M, but vasodilation at 10(-3) M)."	( Hypothermia attenuates the vasodilator effects of dexmedetomidine on pial vessels in rabbits in vivo. Dohi, S; Iida, H; Iida, M; Nagase, K; Ohata, H, 2004)	0.32
"As of this writing, dexmedetomidine dosing in excess of the label recommendation has been reported, but accidental dexmedetomidine overdose in clinical practice has not been described."	( Dexmedetomidine overdose in the perioperative setting. Hutchens, MP; Jorden, VS; Pousman, RM; Sanford, MM; Thorborg, PA, 2004)	0.32
" Practitioners using dexmedetomidine should carefully note that dosing for this agent is described by the manufacturer in microg/kg/h, not microg/kg/min."	( Dexmedetomidine overdose in the perioperative setting. Hutchens, MP; Jorden, VS; Pousman, RM; Sanford, MM; Thorborg, PA, 2004)	0.32
" Investigators reviewed medical records daily and entered dosing information, patient demographics, and predefined categories of ADR severity and probability anonymously via the Internet on a secure server."	( Comparing dexmedetomidine prescribing patterns and safety in the naturalistic setting versus published data. Dasta, JF; Durtschi, AJ; Kane-Gill, SL, )	0.13
"Only 33% of the total sample (n = 136) of patients received a loading infusion of dexmedetomidine; however, maintenance dosing was usually within product labeling guidelines."	( Comparing dexmedetomidine prescribing patterns and safety in the naturalistic setting versus published data. Dasta, JF; Durtschi, AJ; Kane-Gill, SL, )	0.13
" Intravenous dosing was followed by a decline in heart rate (-11 +/- 2 beats/min) accompanied by a trend toward enhanced HF variability (maximal effect at 10 min), which probably reflected baroreflex-mediated parasympathetic efferent neuronal activation."	( Cardiovascular and parasympathetic effects of dexmedetomidine in healthy subjects. Anttila, M; Helminen, A; Hinkka, S; Penttilä, J; Scheinin, H, 2004)	0.32
"Forty-eight subjects were included in a within-subject logistic dose-response model analysis."	( Enhanced visual memory effect for negative versus positive emotional content is potentiated at sub-anaesthetic concentrations of thiopental. Feshchenko, VA; Pryor, KO; Reinsel, RA; Veselis, RA, 2004)	0.32
" Sedation with dexmedetomidine was planned, with increased dosage used on the second occasion."	( Sedation for paediatric stereotactic radiosurgery: the dexmedetomidine experience. Fahy, CJ; Okumura, M, 2004)	0.32
" The effect of epidural dexmedetomidine on withdrawal thresholds was measured for 90 min after injection, and dose-response curves were constructed for each age group."	( Developmental age influences the effect of epidural dexmedetomidine on inflammatory hyperalgesia in rat pups. Fitzgerald, M; Howard, RF; Keay, KA; Walker, SM, 2005)	0.33
" These data have implications for the use and dosing of epidural alpha2 agonists in neonates and infants."	( Developmental age influences the effect of epidural dexmedetomidine on inflammatory hyperalgesia in rat pups. Fitzgerald, M; Howard, RF; Keay, KA; Walker, SM, 2005)	0.33
"The analgesic effect was monitored by the VAS, and the requirement for PCEA dosing and additional analgesics was recorded."	( A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to epidural analgesia after thoracic surgery. Frumento, RJ; Joshi, RR; Playford, HR; Saldana-Ferretti, B; Sladen, RN; Wagener, G; Wahlander, S, 2005)	0.33
" Further studies are necessary to establish an optimal dosage regimen."	( Safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgical patients. Ames, CP; Aryan, HE; Box, KW; Desiraju, U; Ibrahim, D, 2006)	0.33
" Primary end points were discontinuation or dosage reduction of other sedatives or fentanyl from the hour before to 6 hours after starting dexmedetomidine."	( Adjunctive dexmedetomidine therapy in the intensive care unit: a retrospective assessment of impact on sedative and analgesic requirements, levels of sedation and analgesia, and ventilatory and hemodynamic parameters. Forrest, LK; Kiser, TH; MacLaren, R, 2007)	0.34
" These patients often require multiple and higher dosage sedatives during the postoperative period."	( Use of dexmedetomidine in patients with trisomy 21 after cardiac surgery. Costello, JL; Kalyanaraman, M; Starr, JP, )	0.13
"To determine the safety, effectiveness, and dosing of dexmedetomidine in intensive care infants and children who require sedation, and the rationale for patient selection."	( Use of dexmedetomidine in the pediatric intensive care unit. Buck, ML; Willson, DF, 2008)	0.35
" We conclude that DEX could be used to provide analgesia for herpetic stomatitis after living-donor lung transplantation, at a dosage that achieves appropriate sedation."	( Analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine in a patient with herpetic stomatitis after living-donor lung transplantation. Fujino, Y; Hirao, O; Mashimo, T; Ohashi, Y; Ohta, N; Uchiyama, A, 2008)	0.35
"The present study was designed to show the effects of dexmedetomidine infusion with loading dosage on perioperative hemodynamics, propofol consumption, and postoperative recovery when used for general anesthesia in patients undergoing spinal laminectomy."	( Dexmedetomidine-based versus fentanyl-based total intravenous anesthesia for lumbar laminectomy. Altan, A; Gökkaya, S; Hatiboglu, MA; Turgut, N; Turkmen, A, 2008)	0.35
" Signs of inadequate analgesia, defined as an increase in heart rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP) 20% above the baseline, were managed by increasing or decreasing the dosage of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl."	( Dexmedetomidine-based versus fentanyl-based total intravenous anesthesia for lumbar laminectomy. Altan, A; Gökkaya, S; Hatiboglu, MA; Turgut, N; Turkmen, A, 2008)	0.35
" Propofol-fentanyl medication requires a higher dosage of postoperative analgesics and causes frequent postoperative nausea and vomiting compared with propofol-dexmedetomidine."	( Dexmedetomidine-based versus fentanyl-based total intravenous anesthesia for lumbar laminectomy. Altan, A; Gökkaya, S; Hatiboglu, MA; Turgut, N; Turkmen, A, 2008)	0.35
" In DHV, L-NMMA had variable effects on the dexmedetomidine-constriction dose-response curve."	( Effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on dexmedetomidine-induced vasoconstriction in healthy human volunteers. Huiku, M; Kentala, E; Posti, J; Scheinin, M; Snapir, A; Talke, P, 2009)	0.35
" Despite its utility, adverse effects may occur with high or prolonged propofol dosing regimens including delayed awakening."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine on propofol and remifentanil infusion rates during total intravenous anesthesia for spine surgery in adolescents. Anderson, J; Hoernschemeyer, DG; Ngwenyama, NE; Tobias, JD, 2008)	0.35
"DEX dosing schema and rationale for use."	( Prolonged dexmedetomidine infusions in critically ill infants and children. Dobyns, EL; Pietras, M; Reiter, PD, 2009)	0.35
" We evaluated occurrence of hypotension and bradycardia in critically ill surgical patients receiving dexmedetomidine before and after implementation of a dosing protocol."	( A new dosing protocol reduces dexmedetomidine-associated hypotension in critically ill surgical patients. Cook, CH; Dasta, JF; Gerlach, AT; Martin, LC; Steinberg, S, 2009)	0.35
"Forty-four patients received dexmedetomidine including 19 historic controls and 25 dosed via protocol."	( A new dosing protocol reduces dexmedetomidine-associated hypotension in critically ill surgical patients. Cook, CH; Dasta, JF; Gerlach, AT; Martin, LC; Steinberg, S, 2009)	0.35
"We found that use of a protocol that increases the time interval between dosage adjustments may reduce dexmedetomidine-associated hypotension."	( A new dosing protocol reduces dexmedetomidine-associated hypotension in critically ill surgical patients. Cook, CH; Dasta, JF; Gerlach, AT; Martin, LC; Steinberg, S, 2009)	0.35
"The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of buccal dexmedetomidine as a preanesthetic in children, to compare it with diazepam, and to investigate the optimal dosage for buccal dexmedetomidine administration by measuring its serum concentration."	( Buccal administration of dexmedetomidine as a preanesthetic in children. Miyao, H; Obata, T; Odaka, A; Sakurai, Y; Tamura, M; Terui, K, 2010)	0.36
" The patient's mental status and respiratory function deteriorated with the frequent lorazepam dosing needed to control his agitation."	( Dexmedetomidine controls agitation and facilitates reliable, serial neurological examinations in a non-intubated patient with traumatic brain injury. Chen, PL; May, TA; Stiver, SI; Tang, EJ; Tang, JF, 2011)	0.37
" In the era of anxiolytic dosing protocols adjusted to specific patient behaviors as defined by sedation scales in conjunction with daily interruption, midazolam is a reasonable option for long-term sedation."	( Optimizing sustained use of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients: focus on safety. Arnold, HM; Hollands, JM; Mice, ST; Skrupky, LP, 2010)	0.36
" Information regarding the dosing and utilization of dexmedetomidine has been derived primarily from studies in critically ill patients in the medical intensive care unit."	( Evaluating the use of dexmedetomidine in neurocritical care patients. Bledsoe, KA; Grof, TM, 2010)	0.36
" Pumps were programmed with basal infusion plus patient-triggered boluses; nurses adjusted the basal infusion based on a dosing algorithm."	( Patient-controlled sedation: a novel approach to sedation management for mechanically ventilated patients. Chlan, LL; Skaar, DJ; Tracy, MF; Weinert, CR, 2010)	0.36
" A dosage regimen involving a small bolus dose (0."	( Dexmedetomidine hemodynamics in children after cardiac surgery. Anderson, BJ; Holford, NH; Potts, AL; Vu, TC; Warman, GR, 2010)	0.36
"This prospective study examines the dose-response effects of dexmedetomidine on upper airway morphology in children with no obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)."	( Effect of increasing depth of dexmedetomidine anesthesia on upper airway morphology in children. Donnelly, LF; Gunter, J; Kurth, D; Mahmoud, M; McAuliffe, J; Nick, TG; Radhakrishman, R; Sadhasivam, S; Schapiro, A; Wang, Y, 2010)	0.36
" Dose-response effects of dexmedetomidine on upper airway of children are not known."	( Effect of increasing depth of dexmedetomidine anesthesia on upper airway morphology in children. Donnelly, LF; Gunter, J; Kurth, D; Mahmoud, M; McAuliffe, J; Nick, TG; Radhakrishman, R; Sadhasivam, S; Schapiro, A; Wang, Y, 2010)	0.36
" From individual dose-response curves, we calculated the dose of phenylephrine and dexmedetomidine that produced 50% (ED50) of maximum venoconstriction (Emax) for each patient."	( Independent regulation of α1 and α2 adrenergic receptor-mediated vasoconstriction in vivo. Kurnik, D; Muszkat, M; Sofowora, GG; Stein, CM; Wood, AJ, 2011)	0.37
" Cumulative dexmedetomidine (10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁶ M) dose-response curves were generated in the presence or absence of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD 98059, p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 203580, c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP 600125, L-type calcium channel blocker (verapamil and nifedipine), and α₂-adrenoceptor inhibitor atipamezole."	( c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase contributes to dexmedetomidine-induced contraction in isolated rat aortic smooth muscle. Chang, KC; Jeong, YS; Kim, HJ; Kim, JG; Kwon, SC; Lee, SM; Ok, SH; Sohn, JT; Sung, HJ, 2011)	0.37
"7 μg/kg/h, recent studies have used more liberal dosing regimens."	( High-dose dexmedetomidine for sedation in the intensive care unit: an evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety. Gerlach, AT; Goodman, EM; Jones, GM; Murphy, CV; Pell, LJ, 2011)	0.37
" In this study, dexmedetomidine produced no common side effects (blood pressure and heart rate fluctuation), which may indicate that oral administration with a 76% bioavailability versus 82% in buccal preparations results in fewer side effects but requires higher dosing to gain therapeutic effects."	( Dexmedetomidine as a pediatric anesthetic premedication to reduce anxiety and to deter emergence delirium. Cramolini, M; Mountain, BW; Newman, M; Smithson, L; Wyatt, TH, 2011)	0.37
" The dosage of dexmedetomidine was not a predictor of hypotension."	( Intramuscular dexmedetomidine sedation for pediatric MRI and CT. Lubisch, NB; Mason, KP; Robinson, F; Roskos, R, 2011)	0.37
"Sedative effect of dexmedetomidine is satisfactory for patients undergoing MV after operation, with the property of easier arousal, lower delirium rate, and it helps to shorten the duration of MV with reduction the dosage of fentanyl by 50%."	( [Comparison of sedative effect of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for post-operative patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in surgical intensive care unit]. Huang, QQ; Li, SH; Lin, L; Wan, LJ; Yue, JX, 2011)	0.37
" Dexmedetomidine infusion for neonates and infants with heart disease is safe from a hemodynamic standpoint and can reduce the concomitant dosing of opioid and benzodiazepine agents."	( Hemodynamic effects of dexmedetomidine in critically ill neonates and infants with heart disease. Bhutta, AT; Gossett, JM; Gupta, P; Lam, F; Morales, L; Tobias, JD, 2012)	0.38
"Dexmedetomidine showed a protective effect on traumatically injured hippocampal cells with a maximum effect at a dosage of 1 μM."	( Dexmedetomidine is neuroprotective in an in vitro model for traumatic brain injury. Coburn, M; Eberhardt, G; Fahlenkamp, AV; Loetscher, PD; Rex, S; Rossaint, R; Schoeler, M; Weis, J, 2012)	0.38
"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with three parallel dosage groups was conducted."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous dexmedetomidine in healthy Korean subjects. Jang, IJ; Kim, BH; Lee, S; Lim, K; Shin, SG; Stalker, D; Wisemandle, W; Yu, KS, 2012)	0.38
" Recovery time, the dosage of sedative and analgesic drugs and side effects were recorded."	( [Effect of dexmedetomidine on stress responses during extubation in patients undergoing uvulopalatopharyngoplasty]. Li, SQ; Wang, BS; Wang, F; Yu, JB; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y, 2012)	0.38
"Using a clinically-relevant dosing regimen, intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine produced significant maternal sedation without altering fetal physiologic status."	( Maternal and preterm fetal sheep responses to dexmedetomidine. Benni, PB; Manson, RJ; McClaine, DJ; McClaine, RJ; Reynolds, JD; Shimazutsu, K; Uemura, K; White, WD, 2012)	0.38
" Although there were only a limited number of adverse events, further studies focusing on procedure specific dexmedetomidine dosing and adverse events are urgently needed."	( Efficacy and safety of intraoperative dexmedetomidine for acute postoperative pain in children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Kranke, P; Poepping, DM; Pogatzki-Zahn, EM; Reichl, SU; Schnabel, A; Zahn, PK, 2013)	0.39
" Due to the adverse events associated with rapid dosage adjustment and bolus therapy, dexmedetomidine may not be the best agent for treating acute agitation."	( Role of dexmedetomidine in adults in the intensive care unit: an update. Adams, CD; Anger, KE; Reardon, DP; Szumita, PM, 2013)	0.39
"To evaluate the dose-response relationship of dexmedetomidine in infants with congenital heart disease postoperative from open heart surgery."	( A dose-response study of dexmedetomidine administered as the primary sedative in infants following open heart surgery. Nicolson, SC; Su, F; Zuppa, AF, 2013)	0.39
"There were no differences in sedation or antinociception scores between OTM and IM dosing at any of the time points."	( Sedative and antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine after oral transmucosal or intramuscular administration in cats. Bosmans, T; de Rooster, H; Debille, M; Duchateau, L; Polis, I; Porters, N, 2014)	0.4
"3 μg/kg/h (lower than the recommended dose) without initial dosing for sedation in an intensive care unit."	( Dexmedetomidine-induced atrioventricular block followed by cardiac arrest during atrial pacing: a case report and review of the literature. Adachi, YU; Nishiwaki, K; Obata, Y; Sato, S; Suzuki, K; Takata, K, 2014)	0.4
"The aim of this study was to investigate the optimum dosage of dexmedetomidine for prevention of postanesthetic shivering."	( Optimal dose of prophylactic dexmedetomidine for preventing postoperative shivering. Kang, HR; Kim, YI; Kim, YS; Seo, KH, 2013)	0.39
"To examine the dose-response effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and propofol (PROP) on airway morphology in children and adolescents with a history of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)."	( Effect of increasing depth of dexmedetomidine and propofol anesthesia on upper airway morphology in children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea. Donnelly, LF; Fleck, R; Gunter, J; Jung, D; Mahmoud, M; McAuliffe, J; Patio, M; Salisbury, S, 2013)	0.39
" As the dosage increased, average airway dimensions were typically unchanged or slightly increased with DEX compared with airway dimensions that were unchanged or slightly decreased with PROP."	( Effect of increasing depth of dexmedetomidine and propofol anesthesia on upper airway morphology in children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea. Donnelly, LF; Fleck, R; Gunter, J; Jung, D; Mahmoud, M; McAuliffe, J; Patio, M; Salisbury, S, 2013)	0.39
" This prospective, randomized, and controlled investigation was designed to evaluate whether the difference in intranasal DEX dosing would produce different beneficial effects on the attenuation of cardiovascular and arousal responses during anesthesia induction and intubation."	( The sedative effects and the attenuation of cardiovascular and arousal responses during anesthesia induction and intubation in pediatric patients: a randomized comparison between two different doses of preoperative intranasal dexmedetomidine. Bai, J; Cai, MH; Lin, L; Sun, Y; Wang, SS; Wu, C; Xu, WY; Zhang, MZ, 2014)	0.4
" Group D2 dosing achieved more favorable scores in children undergoing mask induction."	( The sedative effects and the attenuation of cardiovascular and arousal responses during anesthesia induction and intubation in pediatric patients: a randomized comparison between two different doses of preoperative intranasal dexmedetomidine. Bai, J; Cai, MH; Lin, L; Sun, Y; Wang, SS; Wu, C; Xu, WY; Zhang, MZ, 2014)	0.4
" A chosen dosage of DEX was infused for 10 minutes in the preoperative holding area."	( A dose-finding study of preoperative intravenous dexmedetomidine in children's emergence delirium after epiblepharon surgery. Lee, H; Yang, S, )	0.13
"High-dose and low-dose groups were combined as a single dexmedetomidine group for primary analysis with secondary analysis exploring a dose-response relationship."	( A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose range study of dexmedetomidine as adjunctive therapy for alcohol withdrawal. Fish, DN; Kiser, TH; Lavelle, JC; MacLaren, R; Malkoski, SP; Mueller, SW; Preslaski, CR, 2014)	0.4
" The parameters of mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (P ETCO2), respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) and verbal rating score (VRS) were recorded at 0 min (baseline), 5 min (T1), 10 min (T2), 15 min (T3), 20 min (T4), 30 min (T5) and 60 min (T6) after the dosing of Dex."	( [Application of dexmedetomidine for brain nuclei lesion of patients with Parkinson's disease]. Lan, F; Li, JS; Tian, ZL; Wang, TL, 2013)	0.39
" Patient characteristics, laboratory values, home and inpatient medications, and dexmedetomidine dosing information were collected to identify predictors of clinical response."	( Patient predictors of dexmedetomidine effectiveness for sedation in intensive care units. Empey, PE; Kane-Gill, SL; Smith, RB; Smithburger, PL, 2014)	0.4
" The propofol dosage required for anesthetic maintenance was 29% (with a 95% confidence interval, 18-40) lower in patients given dexmedetomidine (2."	( Dexmedetomidine reduces propofol and remifentanil requirements during bispectral index-guided closed-loop anesthesia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Augé, M; Bonnet, F; Chazot, T; Dardelle, D; Fischler, M; Laloë, PA; Le Guen, M; Liu, N; Sessler, DI; Tounou, F; Tuil, O, 2014)	0.4
" These data will help clinicians design dosing regimens once effective plasma concentrations are established."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine after intravenous administration of a bolus to cats. Ilkiw, JE; Pypendop, BH, 2014)	0.4
" However, in order to discover its full potential, indications, dosing and safety profile for various ages and procedures, it should urgently be examined by conducting good quality pediatric trials."	( Dexmedetomidine in the pediatric population: a review. Afshari, A; Plambech, MZ, 2015)	0.42
"To determine whether long-term dexmedetomidine dosing is associated with lower opioid and benzodiazepine use without risk of significant hemodynamic changes and/or withdrawal."	( Long-term dexmedetomidine use and safety profile among critically ill children and neonates. Di Gennaro, JL; Irby, GA; Whalen, LD; Yanay, O; Zimmerman, JJ, 2014)	0.4
" Starting dexmedetomidine was not associated with a significant difference in the dosing of opiates or benzodiazepines."	( Long-term dexmedetomidine use and safety profile among critically ill children and neonates. Di Gennaro, JL; Irby, GA; Whalen, LD; Yanay, O; Zimmerman, JJ, 2014)	0.4
"To observe the effects of intra-operative combined dosing of dezoxine and dexmedetomidine on sedation, analgesia and the incidence of untoward events during and after surgery in teenagers undergoing horizontal concomitant strabismus surgery."	( [Application of dezoxine plus dexmedetomidine in strabismus surgery]. Hu, Z; Sun, C; Ye, W, 2014)	0.4
" SP600125 (a c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase [JNK] inhibitor) dose-response curves were generated in aortas that were pre-contracted with DMT or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator."	( Dexmedetomidine-induced contraction involves phosphorylation of caldesmon by JNK in endothelium-denuded rat aortas. Baik, J; Cho, H; Choi, MJ; Kim, W; Lee, HK; Nam, IK; Ok, SH; Sohn, JT; Yu, J, 2014)	0.4
" All patients in treatment group received anisodamine in small dosage 2 hours before extubation."	( [Investigation of adjuvant treatment for difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation]. Bai, Y; Jia, L; Li, H; Zhu, X, 2014)	0.4
" Additional studies are needed to evaluate the dosing schemes and long-term outcomes of dexmedetomidine premedication in pediatric anesthesia."	( Premedication with dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ji, FH; Li, J; Peng, K; Wu, SR, 2014)	0.4
"No significant differences between the dosing groups were noted."	( High-dose dexmedetomidine for noninvasive pediatric procedural sedation and discharge readiness. Bortsov, AV; Ditto, J; Lupa, MC; McNaull, P; Phelps, JR; Pittenger, S; Ricketts, K; Russell, A, 2015)	0.42
" The average Ramsay score, the frequency of propofol, the highest score of NRS, the total dosage of fentanyl and recovery time were compared."	( [Sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in post-operative elder patients on mechanical ventilation]. Huang, F; Jin, J; Kong, J; Liu, S; Wang, J; Xu, H; Yang, X, 2014)	0.4
"05), the total dosage of fentanyl significantly decreased (427."	( [Sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in post-operative elder patients on mechanical ventilation]. Huang, F; Jin, J; Kong, J; Liu, S; Wang, J; Xu, H; Yang, X, 2014)	0.4
" The visual analog scale (VAS) score, PCA dosage administered, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were recorded at the time of discharge from the PACU (T1) and at 2 (T2), 8 (T3), 24 (T4), and 48 hours (T5) after surgery."	( Dexmedetomidine versus remifentanil in postoperative pain control after spinal surgery: a randomized controlled study. Hwang, W; Joo, J; Lee, J; Park, J, 2015)	0.42
" Patients in the dexmedetomidine group were given a loading dosage of dexmedetomidine [0."	( [Effects of dexmedetomidine on recovery period of anesthesia and postoperative cognitive function after robot-assisted laparoscopicradical prostatectomy in the elderly people]. Ding, L; He, Y; Li, H; Ma, X; Mi, W; Zhang, H; Zhang, X, 2015)	0.42
" In addition to comparison of dosing between the groups, associations between total body weight (TBW), BMI, and lean body mass (LBM) values and doses of DEX (mcg/h), between BMI and various indices (i."	( THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON DOSE OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE WHEN ADMINISTERED WITH FENTANYL DURING POSTOPERATIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION--RETROSPECTIVE. Hakozaki, T; Hosono, A; Imaizumi, T; Iseki, Y; Isosu, T; Mogami, M; Morimoto, I; Murakawa, M; Nakano, Y; Obara, S; Oishi, R, 2015)	0.42
"05), whereas the total dosage and dosage per body weight of sufentanil were significantly lower in D1 group than that of S group only at 4, 8, and 16 hours after surgery (P < 0."	( Effect of Intraoperative and Postoperative Infusion of Dexmedetomidine on the Quality of Postoperative Analgesia in Highly Nicotine-Dependent Patients After Thoracic Surgery: A CONSORT-Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Li, C; Liu, Z; Qi, F; Ren, C; Zhang, X; Zhang, Z, 2015)	0.42
" The analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine (2 μg/kg body weight) as an adjunct to ropivacaine in knee arthroscopic knee procedures was studied to determine whether this would achieve longer post-operative analgesia and whether the study dosage of dexmedetomidine was safe and free of adverse effects."	( Intra-articular Adjuvant Analgesics following Knee Arthroscopy: Comparison between Single and Double Dose Dexmedetomidine and Ropivacaine A Multicenter Prospective Double-blind Trial. Mahapatra, AK; Palo, N; Panigrahi, R; Prasad, A; Priyadarshi, A; Roy, R, 2015)	0.42
" Despite the potential for increased pharmacotherapy among obese patients, there is a paucity of dosing guidelines for this special population."	( Clinical Pharmacology of Frequently Used Intravenous Drugs During Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents. van den Anker, JN; Vaughns, JD; Ziesenitz, VC, 2015)	0.42
"This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in the diminution of fentanyl dosage in pediatric cardiac surgery based on some clinical and biochemical parameters."	( Clinical efficacy of dexmedetomidine in the diminution of fentanyl dosage in pediatric cardiac surgery. Li, Y; Sun, Y; Wang, X; Xia, Y; Ye, H; Yuan, X, 2017)	0.46
"Fifty pediatric patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists II), 1-6 years old, were randomly allocated into two groups: group F (control group), in which patients received normal saline and high dosage of fentanyl (30 μg/kg), and group D, in which patients were given DEX and low dosage of fentanyl (15 μg/kg)."	( Clinical efficacy of dexmedetomidine in the diminution of fentanyl dosage in pediatric cardiac surgery. Li, Y; Sun, Y; Wang, X; Xia, Y; Ye, H; Yuan, X, 2017)	0.46
"The results indicated that low dosage of fentanyl supplemented with DEX almost had the same anesthesia effects and inflammation extent compared with high dose of fentanyl, which suggested that infusion DEX might decrease fentanyl consumption in pediatric cardiac surgery."	( Clinical efficacy of dexmedetomidine in the diminution of fentanyl dosage in pediatric cardiac surgery. Li, Y; Sun, Y; Wang, X; Xia, Y; Ye, H; Yuan, X, 2017)	0.46
" Dexmedetomidine dose-response curves were generated in the presence or absence of the following inhibitors: the pan-PKC inhibitor, chelerythrine; the PKC-α and -β inhibitor, Go6976; the PKC-α inhibitor, safingol; the PKC-β inhibitor, ruboxistaurin; the PKC-δ inhibitor, rottlerin; the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, SP600125; and the myosin light chain kinase inhibitor, ML-7 hydrochloride."	( Dexmedetomidine-Induced Contraction in the Isolated Endothelium-Denuded Rat Aorta Involves PKC-δ-mediated JNK Phosphorylation. Cho, H; Choi, MJ; Chung, YK; Kim, WH; Kwon, SC; Lee, HK; Ok, SH; Park, J; Shin, IW; Sohn, JT; Yu, J, 2015)	0.42
" We reviewed tacrolimus levels and dosing in a pediatric patient aged 8 months who had undergone deceased-donor liver transplantation for biliary atresia and later required sedation with dexmedetomidine continuous infusion during the POD (212-216)."	( Tacrolimus interaction with dexmedetomidine--a case report. Bucuvalas, JC; Hemmelgarn, TS; Squires, JE; Stiehl, SR, 2016)	0.43
"To assess the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on propofol dosage in target-controlled infusion (TCI) and hemodynamics in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia."	( [Effects of dexmedetomidine on propofol dosage in target-controlled infusion and hemodynamics during laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia]. Liang, FG; Ouyang, MW; Wang, HT, 2015)	0.42
"Dex can reduce hemodynamic abnormalities caused by extubation and decrease the dosage of propofol in TCI, and may serve as an ideal adjuvant drug for general anesthesia."	( [Effects of dexmedetomidine on propofol dosage in target-controlled infusion and hemodynamics during laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia]. Liang, FG; Ouyang, MW; Wang, HT, 2015)	0.42
" Dosage appears not to be the determining factor in motor changes, whose cause remains unclear."	( Factors Associated with Tremor Changes during Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Parkinson's Disease Surgery. Alegre, M; Cacho-Asenjo, E; Guridi, J; Honorato-Cia, C; Martínez-Simón, A; Núñez-Córdoba, JM; Panadero, A, 2015)	0.42
" Group C: second oral dose chloral hydrate 25 mg · kg(-1); Group L and Group H: intranasal dexmedetomidine in a dosage of 1 and 2 mcg · kg(-1), respectively."	( Comparison of rescue techniques for failed chloral hydrate sedation for magnetic resonance imaging scans--additional chloral hydrate vs intranasal dexmedetomidine. Fan, Y; Li, B; Song, X; Tian, H; Wang, Z; Zhang, W, 2016)	0.43
" The dosage of dexmedetomidine was reduced for some groups to doses relevant to human clinical usage."	( The Influence of Dexmedetomidine on Ultrasound-induced Pulmonary Capillary Hemorrhage in Rats. Dong, Z; Dou, C; Miller, DL; Raghavendran, K, 2016)	0.43
"Administration of sedatives according to simulating circadian time could decrease the duration of mechanical ventilation, extubation time, and the length of ICU stay, decrease the dosage of sedative drugs, and reduce the incidence of delirium."	( [Study of prevention and control of delirium in ventilated patients by simulating blockage of circadian rhythm with sedative in intensive care unit]. Dong, C; Feng, F; Li, J; Qi, Y; Song, R; Yang, J; Yang, Z; Zhang, H, 2016)	0.43
" We suggest careful consideration and a need for reducing dosage when administrating dexmedetomidine in patients with diastolic dysfunction."	( The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Myocardial Function Assessed by Tissue Doppler Echocardiography During General Anesthesia in Patients With Diastolic Dysfunction: A CONSORT-Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Ban, MG; Kim, N; Lee, SH; Na, S; Oh, YJ; Shin, SE, 2016)	0.43
" Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly lower in the bilateral-DEX group than in the uni-saline group 6 and 24h postoperatively, and were negatively correlated with total DEX dosage 24h postoperatively."	( Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Serum Interleukin-6, Hemodynamic Stability, and Postoperative Pain Relief in Elderly Patients under Spinal Anesthesia. Choi, YS; Kim, SR; Park, JC; Yun, SH, 2016)	0.43
"The dosage of remifentanil used in observation group was (98."	( [The influence of the sedation based on remifentanil analgesia on the occurrence of delirium in critically ill patients]. An, Y; Feng, Y; Liu, D; Lyu, J, 2015)	0.42
" The injection dosage of dexmedetomidine and morphine hydrochloride, analgesia satisfaction rate, sedation satisfaction rate, the incidences of adverse reactions during treatment such as bradycardia and low blood pressure, mechanical ventilation time, ICU time, and hospitalization expense were observed and recorded in the two groups."	( [Analgesic and Sedative Effect of Acupuncture Combined with Medicine on Patients Undergiong Cardiac Surgery]. Cao, WZ; Xu, SA; Xu, XQ; Yu, HJ, 2016)	0.43
"The analgesia method of ACM could reduce the dosage of traditional analgesic drugs and the occurrence of partial adverse reactions."	( [Analgesic and Sedative Effect of Acupuncture Combined with Medicine on Patients Undergiong Cardiac Surgery]. Cao, WZ; Xu, SA; Xu, XQ; Yu, HJ, 2016)	0.43
" Resting and coughing NRS scores and sufentanil dosage were recorded 0, 1, 4 hours, and every 4 hours until 48 hours after surgery."	( Effects of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Pain in Highly Nicotine-Dependent Patients After Thoracic Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Cai, X; Liu, D; Lu, S; Wu, S; Yu, A; Zhang, P; Zhang, Z, 2016)	0.43
" This study describes the dexmedetomidine dosage and infusion times, as well as the physiological parameters, neurological status and daily narcotic requirements before, during and after dexmedetomidine infusion."	( ICU sedation with dexmedetomidine after severe traumatic brain injury. Humble, SS; Leath, TC; Marshall, MD; Pandharipande, PP; Patel, MB; Sun, DZ; Wilson, LD, 2016)	0.43
" Propofol group (n = 25): propofol-remifentanil regimenand the dosage was adjusted to maintain the bispectral index (BIS) between 40 and 50."	( Effects of Dexmedetomidine on motor- and somatosensory-evoked potentials in patients with thoracic spinal cord tumor: a randomized controlled trial. Gelb, AW; Guo, L; Han, R; Li, Y; Meng, L; Peng, Y; Qiao, H, 2016)	0.43
" Because the current dosing schedules used in humans yield plasma levels that are substantially below concentrations that induce neurotoxicity, low-dose DEX should not be neurotoxic and has the potential to be a neuroprotective adjuvant."	( Dexmedetomidine-Induced Neuroapoptosis Is Dependent on Its Cumulative Dose. Baek, C; Han, XH; Liu, JR; Soriano, SG; Yuki, K, 2016)	0.43
" Planned subgroup analyses include specific alpha-2 agonist agent, study design, clinical diagnosis, dosing regimen, and use of adjunctive agents."	( Alpha-2 agonists for sedation in mechanically ventilated neurocritical care patients: a systematic review protocol. Blinder, H; English, S; Hutton, B; Tran, A, 2016)	0.43
" Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) is a major method in reducing the severe pain after the surgery in our institution, but some adverse effects prevent the use of adequate dosage opioids."	( The optimal dose of dexmedetomidine added to an sufentanil-based analgesic regimen for postoperative pain control in spine surgery: A probit analysis study. Dong, CS; Lu, Q; Lu, Y; Sun, P; Wu, C; Yu, JM; Zhang, J, 2016)	0.43
"In addition, the data were also gathered on the dosage of ephedrine and atropine were used, as well as the intraoperative awareness in the patients who were followed up on the first day after the operation."	( [Impact of dexmedetomidine-sevoflurane anesthesia on intraoperative wake-up test in children patients undergoing scoliosis surgery]. An, HX; Quan, LX; Wang, DX, 2016)	0.43
"A phototriggerable system whereby patients could repeatedly and non-invasively control the timing and dosage of local anesthesia according to their needs would be beneficial for perioperative pain and perhaps obviate the need for oral narcotics."	( Multiply repeatable and adjustable on-demand phototriggered local anesthesia. Kohane, DS; Rwei, AY; Wang, B; Zhan, C, 2017)	0.46
" The total postoperative analgesic dosage of morphine was significantly higher in the B group (0."	( Dexmedetomidine decreases the required amount of bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in pediatrics patients: a randomized study. Alia, DA; El Metainy, SA; Raof, RA; Wahab, MA, 2017)	0.46
"6%) and mostly dosed according the product label."	( A multinational, drug utilization study to investigate the use of dexmedetomidine (Dexdor®) in clinical practice in the EU. Aantaa, R; Conti, G; Garratt, C; Lewis, MA; Moore, N; Perez-Gutthann, S; Pohjanjousi, P; Weatherall, M, 2017)	0.46
" Furthermore, DEX showed little neuro-toxicity on the spinal cord neurons, even at the highest dosage used in our study."	( Dexmedetomidine relieves formaldehyde-induced pain in rats through both α2 adrenoceptor and imidazoline receptor. Leng, YF; Liu, YQ; Wan, ZH; Wang, DG; Yan, X; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y, 2017)	0.46
" Data from this study can be used to determine dosing regimens for dexmedetomidine in isoflurane-anesthetized rabbits."	( Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in isoflurane-anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits. Bailey, RS; Barter, LS; Pypendop, BH, 2017)	0.46
" Subgroup analysis was performed based on the dosage of Dex."	( Influence of dexmedetomidine on cardiac complications in non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Jin, S; Zhou, X, 2017)	0.46
" This information should prompt further prospective investigation into the most efficacious use of dexmedetomidine for ED prevention, both in terms of timing and dosage required."	( Retrospective study of intranasal dexmedetomidine as a prophylactic against emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing ear tube surgery. Mills, K; Santana, L, 2017)	0.46
"The findings of the study suggest that a particular dosage of DEX may act to enhance the immune function of rats with OC by inhibiting the p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway."	( In vivo effects of dexmedetomidine on immune function and tumor growth in rats with ovarian cancer through inhibiting the p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Cai, QH; Fan, SH; Huang, SQ; Li, H; Lu, J; Tang, Y; Wu, DM; Zhang, ZF; Zheng, YL, 2017)	0.46
" Secondary objectives were to identify the patient population in which ketamine was initiated, assess the proportion of time patients were at their goal level of sedation, and determine the dosing patterns of adjunctive sedative agents."	( Impact of Ketamine Use on Adjunctive Analgesic and Sedative Medications in Critically Ill Trauma Patients. Chui, SJ; Harbourt, K; Pajoumand, M; Pruskowski, KA; Reynolds, HN, 2017)	0.46
" We calculated the total dosage of DEX administered for the first 24h after admission."	( Association between dexmedetomidine use and neurological outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: A retrospective observational study. Hifumi, T; Kawakita, K; Kawanishi, M; Kuroda, Y; Miyake, K; Ogawa, D; Okauchi, M; Okazaki, T; Shindo, A; Shishido, H; Tamiya, T, 2018)	0.48
"Low dosage DEX during the first 24h after admission was associated with FO in SAH patients."	( Association between dexmedetomidine use and neurological outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: A retrospective observational study. Hifumi, T; Kawakita, K; Kawanishi, M; Kuroda, Y; Miyake, K; Ogawa, D; Okauchi, M; Okazaki, T; Shindo, A; Shishido, H; Tamiya, T, 2018)	0.48
" Despite recommendations to reduce anesthetic drug dosing in the elderly, no significant trends in dose reduction with increasing age were noted."	( A Pilot Analysis of the Association Between Types of Monitored Anesthesia Care Drugs and Outcomes in Transfemoral Aortic Valve Replacement Performed Without General Anesthesia. Akhtar, S; Chen, EY; Dai, F; Schonberger, RB; Sukumar, N, 2018)	0.48
" Sufentanil dosage and incidence of EA during recovery of group A were also lower than those of group B (P<0."	( [Effect of dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation after general anesthesia in children undergoing odontotherapy in day-surgery operating room]. Jiexue, W; Lin, L; Meisheng, L; Yang, J; Yueming, Z, 2017)	0.46
" Although a general dosing range is suggested, different ICU patients may require different and highly precise titration that may significantly vary due to neurological status, cardio-respiratory function, base-line blood pressure, heart rate, liver efficiency, age and co-administration of other sedatives."	( Light sedation with dexmedetomidine: a practical approach for the intensivist in different ICU patients. Amigoni, A; Blangetti, I; Casella, G; Chelazzi, C; Conti, G; Forfori, F; Garisto, C; Moltrasio, M; Mondardini, MC; Pasero, D; Principi, T; Ricci, Z; Romagnoli, S; Tarantino, F, 2018)	0.48
"There were few clinical data dosing and timing regimen for preventing postoperative delirium."	( The effect of the timing and dose of dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium in elderly patients after laparoscopic major non-cardiac surgery: A double blind randomized controlled study. Hwang, J; Lee, C; Lee, CH; Lee, G; Lee, M, 2018)	0.48
" Anaesthetic agents (propofol, remifentanil, and dexmedetomidine) were dosed based on lean body weight measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry."	( Dexmedetomidine metabolic clearance is not affected by fat mass in obese patients. Allende, F; Anderson, BJ; Cabrera, D; Carmona, J; Contreras, V; Cortínez, LI; Ibacache, M; Oliveros, AM; Paredes, S; Quezada, N; Ramírez, C; Rolle, A; Solari, S; Torres, J, 2018)	0.48
" The patients were assessed for 12 h postoperatively, and dosing of the study drug was adjusted based on sedation assessment performed with the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)."	( Sedation effects by dexmedetomidine versus propofol in decreasing duration of mechanical ventilation after open heart surgery. Elgebaly, AS; Sabry, M, )	0.13
" In this population, titration of DEX dosing to clinical effect may be important because weight-based dosing is poorly associated with blood concentrations."	( Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine in Infants and Children After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation. Damian, MA; Drover, DR; Elkomy, MH; Frymoyer, A; Hammer, GB; Su, F, 2020)	0.56
" Further evidence is required to evaluate patient-important outcomes and optimal dosing strategies, particularly versus active comparators."	( Dexmedetomidine for craniotomy under general anesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Arango, MF; Cheng, D; Ge, L; Martin, J; McConnell, B; Moodie, J; Shen, J; Tang, X; Wang, L, 2019)	0.51
"91) g/kg; in control group, dosage of narcotic drugs as (5."	( Pharmacological analysis of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in pediatric anesthesia during magnetic resonance imaging. Dang, X; Haijuan, G; Hu, W; Song, G; Yang, Z; Yu, J, 2018)	0.48
" The results showed that the dosage of sufentanil and propofol decreased significantly in the experimental group (P<0."	( Effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Xie, M; Xie, S, 2018)	0.48
" Sevoflurane concentration and dosage were significantly lower in the DEX group than in the REMI group."	( Comparison of dexmedetomidine vs. remifentanil combined with sevoflurane during radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial. Chen, HX; He, Y; Hei, Z; Jian, C; Li, X; Pan, J; Zhou, S, 2019)	0.51
"Human umbilical artery strips were suspended in Krebs-Henseleit solution and dose-response curves were obtained for cumulative dexmedetomidine before and after incubation with different agents; propranolol, atropine, yohimbine, prazosin, indomethacin, verapamil."	( In vitro vasoactive effects of dexmedetomidine on isolated human umbilical arteries. Arun, O; Bariskaner, H; Celik, C; Celik, JB; Duman, I; Oc, B; Taylan, SB; Tekin, A; Yilmaz, SA, )	0.13
" Sedation was maintained with further intravenous thiopental dosing as needed."	( Premedication with intranasal dexmedetomidine decreases barbiturate requirement in pediatric patients sedated for magnetic resonance imaging: a retrospective study. Lehtinen, M; Löyttyniemi, E; Manner, T; Saari, TI; Scheinin, M; Uusalo, P, 2019)	0.51
"Premedication with IN dexmedetomidine (3 μg/kg) was associated with markedly reduced thiopental dosage needed for efficient procedural sedation for pediatric MRI."	( Premedication with intranasal dexmedetomidine decreases barbiturate requirement in pediatric patients sedated for magnetic resonance imaging: a retrospective study. Lehtinen, M; Löyttyniemi, E; Manner, T; Saari, TI; Scheinin, M; Uusalo, P, 2019)	0.51
" Response to noxious stimuli was absent in 2 of the rabbits given dexmedetomidine only, 4 of those given alfaxalone with dexmedetomidine, and all 6 of the animals dosed with alfaxalone, butorphanol, and dexmedetomidine; this last group displayed the longest absence of a toe-pinch response (57 ± 3 min)."	( Intramuscular Administration of Alfaxalone Alone and in Combination for Sedation and Anesthesia of Rabbits ( Bradley, MP; Doerning, CM; Lester, PA; Nowland, MH, 2019)	0.51
" Reduced single bolus dosing of DMET required for analgesia in bariatric surgery patients is optimal from physiologic, level of care, and cost perspectives."	( A randomized control trial using intraoperative dexmedetomidine during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery to reduce postoperative pain and narcotic use. Ellison, MB; Heiraty, P; Petrone, A; Ranganathan, P; Ritchie, MK; Tabone, LE, 2019)	0.51
"In a selected population of pediatric patients, buccal dexmedetomidine with or without midazolam provides adequate sedation for most MRI studies with few adverse effects, but given a failure rate of almost 20%, modifications to buccal dexmedetomidine dosing should be investigated."	( Safety and Efficacy of Buccal Dexmedetomidine for MRI Sedation in School-Aged Children. Boriosi, JP; Eickhoff, JC; Hollman, GA, 2019)	0.51
" At 15 minutes, there was a linear dose-response relationship (1."	( Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Blood Glucose and Serum Potassium Levels in Children Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Secondary Analysis of Safety Endpoints During a Randomized Controlled Trial. Brant, RF; Brodie, SM; Görges, M; Poznikoff, AK; West, NC; Whyte, SD, 2019)	0.51
" Secondarily, dosing of opioids and benzodiazepines was examined."	( The Effectiveness of α2 Agonists As Sedatives in Pediatric Critical Care: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study. Breatnach, CV; Cousins, G; Dawkins, I; Doherty, DR; Gallagher, PJ; Hayden, JC; Healy, M; Leacy, FP, 2019)	0.51
" Moreover, it is necessary to select patients carefully and to determine the appropriate dosage of dexmedetomidine to ensure patient safety."	( Dexmedetomidine: present and future directions. Lee, S, 2019)	0.51
" We performed subgroup analyses of the DEX dosing strategy (starting time, dose, and duration of administration, with or without loading dose) and the strategy of various control drugs."	( Perioperative dexmedetomidine reduces delirium in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. Liu, C; Ma, X; Pan, H; Wang, Y; Xu, Y; Zhang, M, 2019)	0.51
" Our objective was to identify a protocol design suitable for subsequent evaluation of the dosing requirements for dexmedetomidine in mechanically ventilated neonates."	( Dose rationale and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in mechanically ventilated new-borns: impact of design optimisation. Allegaert, K; De Cock, PAJG; De Paepe, P; Decaluwe, W; Della Pasqua, O; Smets, K; Smits, A; van Dijkman, SC; Vande Walle, J, 2019)	0.51
"A published paediatric pharmacokinetic model was used to derive the dosing regimen for dexmedetomidine in a first-in-neonate study."	( Dose rationale and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in mechanically ventilated new-borns: impact of design optimisation. Allegaert, K; De Cock, PAJG; De Paepe, P; Decaluwe, W; Della Pasqua, O; Smets, K; Smits, A; van Dijkman, SC; Vande Walle, J, 2019)	0.51
" The implementation effect of light sedation, duration of mechanical ventilation, dosage of sedative drugs, occurrence of adverse events (accidental extubation, delirium, cardiovascular events) and stress response [cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, C-reactive protein (CRP)] were compared between the two groups."	( [Application of Narcotrend index and Richmond agitation-sedation score in sedation assessment of patients with short-term mechanical ventilation after pancreatoduodenectomy: a randomized controlled trial]. Chen, Q; Jiang, X; Liu, B; Qi, Y; Yuan, J; Zhang, M, 2019)	0.51
" Dexmedetomidine was dosed to achieve a therapeutic concentration of ~600 pg/mL."	( Dexmedetomidine extraction by the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit: results from an in vitro study. Dallefeld, SH; Sherwin, J; Watt, KM; Zimmerman, KO, 2020)	0.56
" The in vivo anesthesia antinociception study displayed that NLCs showed stronger and longer anesthesia antinociceptive effect when compared with single drugs loaded NLCs and drugs solution even at a lower dosage of drugs."	( Topical anesthetic analgesic therapy using the combination of ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine: hyaluronic acid modified long-acting nanostructured lipid carriers containing a skin penetration enhancer. Chao, L; Liu, Y; Qiu, D; Yang, Y, 2019)	0.51
" This phase 1 multicentre study sought to: (i) determine the safety of DEX for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass; (ii) determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) of DEX; (iii) create a PK model and dosing for steady-state DEX plasma levels; and (iv) validate the PK model and dosing."	( Results of a phase 1 multicentre investigation of dexmedetomidine bolus and infusion in corrective infant cardiac surgery. Andropoulos, DB; Burns, KM; Gottlieb, EA; Ibla, JC; Ni, H; Nicolson, SC; Skeen, TH; Stylianou, M; Trachtenberg, F; Wilder, NS; Zuppa, AF, 2019)	0.51
"When used with a careful dosing strategy, DEX results in low incidence and severity of adverse safety events in infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass."	( Results of a phase 1 multicentre investigation of dexmedetomidine bolus and infusion in corrective infant cardiac surgery. Andropoulos, DB; Burns, KM; Gottlieb, EA; Ibla, JC; Ni, H; Nicolson, SC; Skeen, TH; Stylianou, M; Trachtenberg, F; Wilder, NS; Zuppa, AF, 2019)	0.51
" However, at present, there is no consensus regarding indications, dosage and timing for administration."	( Intranasal dexmedetomidine in pediatrics: update of current knowledge. Amigoni, A; Conti, G; Cortellazzi, P; Di Palma, A; Mondardini, MC; Navarra, C; Picardo, SG; Puzzutiello, R; Rinaldi, L; Vitale, F; Zito Marinosci, G, 2019)	0.51
" Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and sedative dosing requirements were assessed from initiation to 72 hours after initiation."	( Adverse Hemodynamic Events Associated With Concomitant Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients. Agarwal, SK; Buckley, MS; Kane-Gill, SL; MacLaren, R, 2020)	0.56
" A prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled study was performed to compare the efficacy of minimal dosage of midazolam versus dexmedetomidine to prevent ED in children undergoing tonsillectomy."	( Comparison of single minimum dose administration of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for prevention of emergence delirium in children: a randomized controlled trial. Ahn, JH; Cha, YB; Cho, EA; Lee, SH; Ryu, KH; Shim, JG, 2020)	0.56
" The combination of the two drugs in the DexWM group not only reduced the dosage of each drug needed, but also significantly improved WAT-1 scores by post-extubation day 5, as compared with the alternative sedation regimens."	( Sedation withdrawal following single stage laryngotracheal reconstruction: Does dexmedetomidine help? Li, L; Pestieau, SR; Preciado, D; Strum, D; Zalzal, G, 2020)	0.56
" Despite its frequent use, optimal dosing of dexmedetomidine in the setting of CPB has not been identified but is expected to differ from dosing in those not supported with CPB."	( Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics and a New Dosing Paradigm in Infants Supported With Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Cohen-Wolkowiez, M; Greenberg, RG; Hornik, CP; Laughon, M; Schulman, SR; Smith, PB; Walczak, R; Watt, KM; Wu, H; Zimmerman, KO, 2019)	0.51
" We investigated the influence of CPB-related factors on PK estimates and used the final model to simulate dosing recommendations, targeting a plasma concentration previously associated with safety and efficacy (0."	( Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics and a New Dosing Paradigm in Infants Supported With Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Cohen-Wolkowiez, M; Greenberg, RG; Hornik, CP; Laughon, M; Schulman, SR; Smith, PB; Walczak, R; Watt, KM; Wu, H; Zimmerman, KO, 2019)	0.51
" Probit regression analysis was further used to obtain the dose-response relationship, and IC05 and IC95 were calculated."	( Inhibitory concentration of propofol in combination with dexmedetomidine during microelectrode recording for deep brain stimulator insertion surgeries under general anesthesia. Chang, C; Chu, YC; Lin, YS; Liu, KD; Tsou, MY; Yang, HZ, 2020)	0.56
"Our data provided reference values of propofol for dosage adjustment to avoid interference on MER under GA when anesthetics have to be continuously infused during recording."	( Inhibitory concentration of propofol in combination with dexmedetomidine during microelectrode recording for deep brain stimulator insertion surgeries under general anesthesia. Chang, C; Chu, YC; Lin, YS; Liu, KD; Tsou, MY; Yang, HZ, 2020)	0.56
" DEX inhibited miR-10b-5p expression but increased SHNG16 and BDNF levels with a dosage effect."	( Dexmedetomidine had neuroprotective effects on hippocampal neuronal cells via targeting lncRNA SHNG16 mediated microRNA-10b-5p/BDNF axis. Du, H; Guo, H; Hu, Z; Liu, W; Lv, J; Wang, L; Zhang, Y, 2020)	0.56
"High-quality data on dexmedetomidine use for prolonged sedation and a consensus on correct dosing and weaning protocols in children are currently missing."	( Dexmedetomidine for Prolonged Sedation in the PICU: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Amigoni, A; Coscini, N; Daverio, M; Frigo, AC; Mondardini, MC; Sperotto, F; Zanetto, L, 2020)	0.56
" Dosing recommendations however are often based on strategies used in patients with normal body habitus."	( Drug dosing in the critically ill obese patient-a focus on sedation, analgesia, and delirium. Barletta, JF; Erstad, BL, 2020)	0.56
"To determine if adjunctive use of quetiapine reduces sedative dosage requirements among mechanically ventilated adults without delirium."	( Effectiveness of Quetiapine as a Sedative Adjunct in Mechanically Ventilated Adults Without Delirium. Cox, CE; Gilstrap, DL; Kram, BL; Kram, SJ; Ohman, KL; Schultheis, JM; Yang, Z, 2021)	0.62
" The primary outcome was the change in sedative dosage requirements over 24 hours following quetiapine initiation."	( Effectiveness of Quetiapine as a Sedative Adjunct in Mechanically Ventilated Adults Without Delirium. Cox, CE; Gilstrap, DL; Kram, BL; Kram, SJ; Ohman, KL; Schultheis, JM; Yang, Z, 2021)	0.62
"Adjunctive use of quetiapine was not associated with a significant reduction in sedative dosage requirements 24 or 48 hours following initiation among mechanically ventilated adults without delirium."	( Effectiveness of Quetiapine as a Sedative Adjunct in Mechanically Ventilated Adults Without Delirium. Cox, CE; Gilstrap, DL; Kram, BL; Kram, SJ; Ohman, KL; Schultheis, JM; Yang, Z, 2021)	0.62
" We attempted to arouse participants during constant dosing (return of responsiveness [ROR]), and the target concentration was then increased 50% to achieve presumed loss of consciousness."	( Alpha band frontal connectivity is a state-specific electroencephalographic correlate of unresponsiveness during exposure to dexmedetomidine and propofol. Kallionpää, RE; Långsjö, J; Li, D; Maksimow, A; Mashour, GA; Revonsuo, A; Scheinin, A; Scheinin, H; Vahlberg, T; Valli, K, 2020)	0.56
" However, complementary studies investigating the histopathological effects, analgesic dosage and adverse effects of dexmedetomidine on damaged articular structure models are needed."	( How does intraarticular dexmedetomidine injection effect articular cartilage and synovium? An animal study. Akça, B; Ankay Yılbaş, A; Bahador Zırh, E; Büyükakkuş, B; Sarıcaoğlu, F; Üzümcügil, F; Zeybek, D, 2020)	0.56
"The authors performed a single-site, open-label, phase I dose-escalation study of a solid oral dosage formulation of dexmedetomidine in healthy volunteers (n = 5, 300 mcg; followed by n = 5, 500 mcg; followed by n = 5, 700 mcg)."	( A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of Oral Dexmedetomidine. Akeju, O; Chamadia, S; Cortinez, LI; Deng, H; Hobbs, LE; Nguyen, S; Pedemonte, JC, 2020)	0.56
" The authors investigated the effect of a capsule-based solid oral dosage formulation of dexmedetomidine on sleep polysomnography."	( Oral Dexmedetomidine Promotes Non-rapid Eye Movement Stage 2 Sleep in Humans. Akeju, O; Chamadia, S; Colon, KM; DiBiasio, A; Ethridge, B; Gitlin, J; Hahm, E; Hobbs, L; Ibala, R; Manoach, DS; Marota, S; Mekonnen, J; Nguyen, S; Pedemonte, JC; Sheppard, KS, 2020)	0.56
"The authors performed a single-site, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover, double-blind phase II study of a solid oral dosage formulation of dexmedetomidine (700 mcg; n = 15)."	( Oral Dexmedetomidine Promotes Non-rapid Eye Movement Stage 2 Sleep in Humans. Akeju, O; Chamadia, S; Colon, KM; DiBiasio, A; Ethridge, B; Gitlin, J; Hahm, E; Hobbs, L; Ibala, R; Manoach, DS; Marota, S; Mekonnen, J; Nguyen, S; Pedemonte, JC; Sheppard, KS, 2020)	0.56
"These results demonstrate that the nighttime administration of a solid oral dosage formulation of dexmedetomidine is associated with increased non-REM 2 sleep and decreased REM sleep."	( Oral Dexmedetomidine Promotes Non-rapid Eye Movement Stage 2 Sleep in Humans. Akeju, O; Chamadia, S; Colon, KM; DiBiasio, A; Ethridge, B; Gitlin, J; Hahm, E; Hobbs, L; Ibala, R; Manoach, DS; Marota, S; Mekonnen, J; Nguyen, S; Pedemonte, JC; Sheppard, KS, 2020)	0.56
"These results demonstrate that the nighttime administration of a solid oral dosage formulation of dexmedetomidine is associated with increased non-REM 2 sleep and decreased REM sleep."	( Oral Dexmedetomidine Promotes Non-rapid Eye Movement Stage 2 Sleep in Humans. Akeju, O; Chamadia, S; Colon, KM; DiBiasio, A; Ethridge, B; Gitlin, J; Hahm, E; Hobbs, L; Ibala, R; Manoach, DS; Marota, S; Mekonnen, J; Nguyen, S; Pedemonte, JC; Sheppard, KS, 2020)	0.56
" Typical adult dosing is titrated from an initial dose of 10 mg up to a maximum dose of 40 mg daily."	( Serotonin Syndrome Associated With Vilazodone Overdose in a 22-Month-Old Treated With Dexmedetomidine. Schaeffer, T; Schlichting, E; Strout, TD; Welter, C, 2021)	0.62
" Further investigations on dexmedetomidine-related adverse reactions and the dose-response effect of dexmedetomidine in wound infiltration are warranted."	( Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to local wound infiltration anaesthesia: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of 23 randomised controlled trials. Chen, H; Li, Z; Liu, H; Ren, Y; Shi, W; Wang, Y; Wei, M; You, F, 2021)	0.62
" The design then uses Bayesian dose-response modelling to undertake a comparative effectiveness analysis for the most successful dose combination against a relevant comparator."	( A Bayesian response-adaptive dose-finding and comparative effectiveness trial. Heath, A; Klassen, TP; Offringa, M; Pechlivanoglou, P; Poonai, N; Pullenayegum, E; Rios, D; Yaskina, M, 2021)	0.62
" Logistic regression will be used to model the dose-response relationship for the combinations of intranasal Ketodex."	( Adaptive randomised controlled non-inferiority multicentre trial (the Ketodex Trial) on intranasal dexmedetomidine plus ketamine for procedural sedation in children: study protocol. Ali, S; Beer, D; Bhatt, M; Coriolano, K; Doan, Q; Heath, A; Hickes, S; Kam, A; Klassen, T; Offringa, M; Pechlivanoglou, P; Poonai, N; Sabhaney, V; Sawyer, S; Yaskina, M, 2020)	0.56
"With the increasing prevalence of children who are overweight and with obesity, anaesthesiologists must determine the optimal dosing of medications given the altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in this population."	( Determination of the ED Shan, J; Wang, L; Wu, B; Zhou, Q, 2021)	0.62
" Total dosage of propofol and remifentanil, intensity, latency and amplitude of motor-evoked potentials following transcranial electrical stimulation (tcMEPs) as well as somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEP) were recorded at baseline, 15, 30, 45 minutes, and at the end of surgery."	( Effect of dexmedetomidine on evoked-potential monitoring in patients undergoing brain stem and supratentorial cranial surgery. Fernández-Candil, J; Fort, B; León, A; Lin, Y; Moltó, L; Pacreu, S; Vilà, E, 2021)	0.62
" Midazolam dosage was significantly lower in the DEX group than in the FEN group, and the duration of surgery was significantly longer in the DEX group."	( Dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam infusion guided by bispectral index during bronchoscopy. Dai, P; Dong, D; Guan, S; He, Q; Qiu, H; Wang, X; Xu, Q; Xu, X; Zhang, Q; Zhang, S; Zhou, J, 2021)	0.62
"To evaluate the ability to achieve goal intensive care unit (ICU) sedation before and after an institutional change of dosing from actual (ABW) to adjusted (AdjBW) body weight in obese patients on dexmedetomidine."	( Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine Dosing in Obese Critically Ill Patients. Atyia, SA; Cape, KM; May, CC; Smetana, KS; Thompson, MJ; Tong, MC, 2023)	0.91
" Percentage of RASS measurements within goal range (-1 to +1) during the first 48 hours after initiation of dexmedetomidine as the sole sedative agent or until discontinuation dosed on ABW compared to AdjBW was evaluated."	( Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine Dosing in Obese Critically Ill Patients. Atyia, SA; Cape, KM; May, CC; Smetana, KS; Thompson, MJ; Tong, MC, 2023)	0.91
" The median dosing weight was significantly higher in the ABW group (95."	( Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine Dosing in Obese Critically Ill Patients. Atyia, SA; Cape, KM; May, CC; Smetana, KS; Thompson, MJ; Tong, MC, 2023)	0.91
"The primary outcome examined was blood loss, and secondary outcomes were postoperative haemoglobin level; intraoperative heart rate and blood pressure (T1: at incision; T2: 30 min after incision; T3: 60 min after incision; T4: 120 min after incision); dosage of fentanyl, remifentanil, urapidil, and esmolol; operation time; and incidence of allogeneic blood transfusion."	( Effect of continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine on blood loss in orthognathic surgery: a retrospective study. Jiang, H; Jin, C; Lv, X; Sun, Y, 2021)	0.62
" There were significant decreases in mean blood loss, heart rate at T1-T4, blood pressure at T1, and remifentanil and esmolol dosage in the dexmedetomidine group compared with those in the control group."	( Effect of continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine on blood loss in orthognathic surgery: a retrospective study. Jiang, H; Jin, C; Lv, X; Sun, Y, 2021)	0.62
" The primary outcome was opioid dosage within the first ten postoperative days."	( An assessment of dexmedetomidine as an opioid-sparing agent after neonatal open thoracic and abdominal operations. Gollin, G; Oviedo, P; Rooney, AS; Sykes, AG, 2022)	0.72
" Opioid was dosed >0."	( An assessment of dexmedetomidine as an opioid-sparing agent after neonatal open thoracic and abdominal operations. Gollin, G; Oviedo, P; Rooney, AS; Sykes, AG, 2022)	0.72
" IV acetaminophen dosed at 40 mg/kg/day or greater may yield the most substantial opioid-sparing effect."	( An assessment of dexmedetomidine as an opioid-sparing agent after neonatal open thoracic and abdominal operations. Gollin, G; Oviedo, P; Rooney, AS; Sykes, AG, 2022)	0.72
" The percent of DEX remained in plasma pre-MUF (16-71%) and post-MUF (22-92%) varied depending on the dose and dosing scheme."	( Sequestration of Dexmedetomidine in Ex Vivo Cardiopulmonary Bypass Circuits. Andropoulos, DB; Kibler, KK; Moorthy, GS; Nicolson, SC; Paugh, T; Wilder, NS; Zuppa, AF, 2022)	0.72
" In Group D, dexmedetomidine was administrated at a dosage of 1 µg/kg/hour after induction."	( The effect of ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia in infants and toddlers: a randomised trial. Feng, J; Peng, L; Song, X; Wang, H, 2022)	0.72
"The dosage of sufentanil (1."	( The effect of ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia in infants and toddlers: a randomised trial. Feng, J; Peng, L; Song, X; Wang, H, 2022)	0.72
" The dosage of sufentanil and the times of pressing analgesia pump in group D & F were significantly less than those in group F (p<0."	( Application effect of dexmedetomidine combined with flurbiprofen axetil and flurbiprofen axetil monotherapy in radical operation of lung cancer and evaluation of the immune function. Chen, Y; Du, J; Tao, H; Zong, S, )	0.13
"001) and both recovery time and the dosage of propofol in the study group were significantly lower than those in the reference group (P<0."	( Analysis on the effect of intravenous anesthesia with dexmedetomidine and propofol combined with seaweed polysaccharides on hemodynamics and analgesia in pregnant females undergoing painless induced abortion. Han, Y; Liu, Z; Wu, J; Yang, L, 2021)	0.62
"A multidisciplinary committee created a sedation guideline that included standardized dexmedetomidine dosing escalation and weaning."	( Reducing Benzodiazepine Exposure by Instituting a Guideline for Dexmedetomidine Usage in the NICU. Hansen, A; Labrecque, M; Leeman, K; Moline, M; Morton, SU, 2021)	0.62
"Numerous pharmacokinetic models have been published aiming at more accurate and safer dosing of dexmedetomidine."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
" Simulations also show that currently approved dosing regimens in the intensive care unit may potentially lead to higher-than-expected dexmedetomidine plasma concentrations."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
" Consideration should be taken during long-term administration and during an initial loading dose when following the dosing strategies of the current guidelines."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
" Consideration should be taken during long-term administration and during an initial loading dose when following the dosing strategies of the current guidelines."	( Dexmedetomidine Clearance Decreases with Increasing Drug Exposure: Implications for Current Dosing Regimens and Target-controlled Infusion Models Assuming Linear Pharmacokinetics. Alvarez-Jimenez, R; Colin, PJ; Hannivoort, LN; Loer, SA; Struys, MMRF; Su, H; Weerink, MAS, 2022)	0.72
" Heart rate(HR) and mean arterial pressure(MAP) during controlled hypotension (the difference between the highest and lowest values and the percentage of basic values), intraoperative blood loss, allogeneic blood transfusion, operation time and dosage of propofol and remifentanil were compared between the two groups."	( [Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol on controlled hypotension in patients with orthognathic surgery]. Jian, C; Jiang, J; Lin, Y, 2021)	0.62
"Compared with esmolol, the effect of Dex on controlled hypotension during orthognathic surgery is more stable and the dosage of propofol and remifentanil is decreased."	( [Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol on controlled hypotension in patients with orthognathic surgery]. Jian, C; Jiang, J; Lin, Y, 2021)	0.62
"Compared to dexmedetomidine alone, a small dose of butorphanol infusion (1 mg) as an adjunct treatment to dexmedetomidine during DISE can reduce the dosage of dexmedetomidine, shorten the time until sufficient sedation and enhance the performer satisfaction level."	( Combination of Dexmedetomidine and Butorphanol Optimized Sedation in Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial. Liao, WM; Liu, S; Zhang, XH, 2021)	0.62
"Dexmedetomidine dosing and patient data were gathered from EHRs and combined with opportunistically sampled remnant specimens."	( Population pharmacokinetic analysis of dexmedetomidine in children using real-world data from electronic health records and remnant specimens. Breeyear, JH; Caprioli, R; Choi, L; Edwards, T; Hachey, B; James, NT; Kannankeril, PJ; Keaton, JM; Marshall, MD; Van Driest, SL, 2022)	0.72
"Dexmedetomidine administration has no influence on postoperative cognitive dysfunction but could reduce both the dosage of remifentanil and propofol needed during ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy and the incidence and severity of postoperative emergence agitation, anxiety, and depression in elderly patients."	( The effects of remifentanil-propofol combined with dexmedetomidine on cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Gao, XP; Wang, F; Wu, L; Xie, D; Xu, H; Ye, Q, 2022)	0.72
" The objective of this study was to determine the dose-response relationship of epidural dexmedetomidine (combined with ropivacaine) for labor analgesia."	( Determination of the Dose-Response Relationship of Epidural Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ropivacaine for Labor Analgesia. Feng, JL; Mei, Z; Ni, JX; Ni, LF; Qian, XW; Song, CZ; Song, SB; Yao, SJ; Yu, J, 2022)	0.72
" The dose-response relationship of dexmedetomidine (with ropivacaine) for epidural labor analgesia was performed using probit regression."	( Determination of the Dose-Response Relationship of Epidural Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ropivacaine for Labor Analgesia. Feng, JL; Mei, Z; Ni, JX; Ni, LF; Qian, XW; Song, CZ; Song, SB; Yao, SJ; Yu, J, 2022)	0.72
" In this project, we aimed to use the standardized workflow of the Dutch Pediatric Formulary to establish best evidence-based pediatric dosing guidelines for dexmedetomidine as premedication and for procedural sedation."	( Best Evidence-Based Dosing Recommendations for Dexmedetomidine for Premedication and Procedural Sedation in Pediatrics: Outcome of a Risk-Benefit Analysis By the Dutch Pediatric Formulary. de Wildt, SN; Freriksen, JJM; Holsappel, IGA; Molenbuur, B; van der Zanden, TM, 2022)	0.72
" A team of clinical experts critically appraised the analysis and the proposed dosing recommendations."	( Best Evidence-Based Dosing Recommendations for Dexmedetomidine for Premedication and Procedural Sedation in Pediatrics: Outcome of a Risk-Benefit Analysis By the Dutch Pediatric Formulary. de Wildt, SN; Freriksen, JJM; Holsappel, IGA; Molenbuur, B; van der Zanden, TM, 2022)	0.72
"Following the structured approach of the Dutch Pediatric Formulary, best evidence-based dosing recommendations were proposed for dexmedetomidine, used as premedication prior to induction of anesthesia (intranasal dose) and for procedural sedation (intranasal and intravenous dose) in pediatric patients."	( Best Evidence-Based Dosing Recommendations for Dexmedetomidine for Premedication and Procedural Sedation in Pediatrics: Outcome of a Risk-Benefit Analysis By the Dutch Pediatric Formulary. de Wildt, SN; Freriksen, JJM; Holsappel, IGA; Molenbuur, B; van der Zanden, TM, 2022)	0.72
" Simulations were performed using the final model to assess dose concentrations with an alternative dosing regimen of 3 µg/kg."	( Dose Escalation Pharmacokinetic Study of Intranasal Atomized Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. Grogan, K; Moorthy, G; Nicolson, SC; Prodell, J; Thibault, C; Zuppa, A, 2023)	0.91
" Three subjects in the 4 μg/kg dosing cohort achieved a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), defined as a plasma dexmedetomidine concentration >1000 pg/mL."	( Dose Escalation Pharmacokinetic Study of Intranasal Atomized Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. Grogan, K; Moorthy, G; Nicolson, SC; Prodell, J; Thibault, C; Zuppa, A, 2023)	0.91
"The aim of this study was to find the optimum dosage of dexmedetomidine in Spinal Orthopedic Scoliosis Correction Surgery when used in combination with propofol and remifentanil in American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) III patients with severe scoliosis undergoing intraoperative wake-up test."	( Dexmedetomidine dosage in critically ill patients undergoing intraoperative wake-up test: A randomized controlled trial. Chen, T; Fu, Q; Jia, H; Liu, B; Mudabbar, MS; Yang, T, 2022)	0.72
" However, the dosage applied has varied fourfold in pediatric clinical studies."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Infants and Young Children. Guan, YP; Huang, M; Li, AW; Li, BL; Song, XR; Standing, JF; Wei, W; Yuen, VM; Zhang, MZ; Zhong, GP, 2022)	0.72
" Monte Carlo simulations were performed to assess the different dosing regimens."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Infants and Young Children. Guan, YP; Huang, M; Li, AW; Li, BL; Song, XR; Standing, JF; Wei, W; Yuen, VM; Zhang, MZ; Zhong, GP, 2022)	0.72
" The present study suggests that intravenous constant rate infusion and subcutaneous repeated administration of dexmedetomidine at indicated dosage can be useful in balanced anaesthesia without any systemic or local adverse effects; moreover, in healthy horses undergoing general anaesthesia, repeated subcutaneous dexmedetomidine administration may be a suitable alternative if constant rate infusion is not feasible."	( Use of dexmedetomidine repeated subcutaneous administration for balanced anaesthesia in horses. Amari, M; Brioschi, FA; Cagnardi, P; De Zani, D; Di Cesare, F; Di Giancamillo, M; Rabbogliatti, V; Ravasio, G; Zani, DD, 2022)	0.72
" Subgroup analyses based on age and dosage were conducted."	( Outcomes of dexmedetomidine versus propofol sedation in critically ill adults requiring mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Ali, S; Deng, J; Heybati, K; Mohananey, D; Ramakrishna, H; Villablanca, P; Zhou, F, 2022)	0.72
" The preventive effect of DEX against delirium in Stanford type A AD patients was not obvious, and whether increasing the dosage of DEX could enhance the therapeutic efficacy in this group of patients needs to be further observed in future studies."	( The Preventive Effect of Dexmedetomidine Against Delirium in Patients with Aortic Dissection: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Shen, P; Wang, Y; Yin, Q; Yu, K; Zhang, S, 2022)	0.72
" An objective mode such as practical EEG-based solution for sleep evaluation and individual drug dosing in the ICU setting could offer potential in improving sleep for patients with delirium."	( Monitoring of nighttime EEG slow-wave activity during dexmedetomidine infusion in patients with hyperactive ICU delirium: An observational pilot study. Ala-Kokko, T; Erikson, K; Kortelainen, J; Koskenkari, J; Laurila, J, 2022)	0.72
" The dosage of sevoflurane from the beginning of OLV to T2 was calculated."	( Effect of dexmedetomidine on intrapulmonary shunt in patients with sevoflurane maintained during one-lung ventilation: A case-control study. Gong, C; Wang, Y; Yu, F; Zhang, Q, 2022)	0.72
" During general anesthesia induction, the total dosage of induction anesthetics and complications relative to anesthesia induction were recorded."	( Dexmedetomidine premedication increases preoperative sedation and inhibits stress induced by tracheal intubation in adult: a prospective randomized double-blind clinical study. Gao, J; Pang, Y; Sun, Y; Xiong, J; Zhou, Y, 2022)	0.72
"The optimal dosage of dexmedetomidine (DEX) for postoperative analgesia of quadratus lumborum block (QLB) after laparoscopic myomectomy is not clear."	( Impact of Bilateral Quadratus Lumborum Block Using Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Huang, S; Jiao, J; Li, Y; Yu, X; Zhang, L, 2023)	0.91
" The remifentanil dosage in group DH was significantly lower than in group C (P = 0."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine on evoked potentials in spinal surgery under combined intravenous inhalation anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial. Jiang, X; Liu, L; Liu, S; Tang, X, 2023)	0.91
"The theoretical basis for propofol dosing has recently been adapted."	( A new view on old problems in paediatric anaesthesia: premedication, postoperative agitation and dosing. Jöhr, M, 2023)	0.91
" New data will allow more precise age-adapted dosing of propofol."	( A new view on old problems in paediatric anaesthesia: premedication, postoperative agitation and dosing. Jöhr, M, 2023)	0.91
" Previous studies have confirmed the safety and effectiveness of intravenous/oral dosing or nasal dripping for sedation during the examinations of electrocardiography and computed tomography."	( Nasal drip of dexmedetomidine for optimal sedation during PICC insertion in pediatric burn care. Gu, L; Li, S; Lu, Y; Peng, C; Wu, Y; Xie, L, 2023)	0.91
" The optimal dosage and overall effect of DEX on postoperative sleep quality require further investigation using large-scale randomized controlled trials."	( Effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cai, F; Fang, J; Liu, H; Liu, J; Liu, Q; Luo, X; Qian, S; Wei, H; Xu, W, 2023)	0.91
" However, the proper dosage for intranasal use in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) has not been determined."	( Median effective dose of esketamine for intranasal premedication in children with congenital heart disease. Bai, J; Gu, H; Huang, J; Liu, D, 2023)	0.91
" Despite its widespread use, there is no consensus on appropriate dosing and titration."	( Evaluating the Effect of a Dosing and Titration Protocol on Dexmedetomidine-Induced Hypotension in Trauma Patients. Cormican, M; Gibson, K; Kurtz, PM; Roebuck, L; VanLandingham, J, )	0.13
"The objective of this study was to determine whether a dexmedetomidine dosing and titration protocol is associated with decreased rates of hypotension in trauma patients."	( Evaluating the Effect of a Dosing and Titration Protocol on Dexmedetomidine-Induced Hypotension in Trauma Patients. Cormican, M; Gibson, K; Kurtz, PM; Roebuck, L; VanLandingham, J, )	0.13
" Secondary outcomes included dosing and titration practices, initiation of a vasopressor, incidence of bradycardia, and time to goal Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) score."	( Evaluating the Effect of a Dosing and Titration Protocol on Dexmedetomidine-Induced Hypotension in Trauma Patients. Cormican, M; Gibson, K; Kurtz, PM; Roebuck, L; VanLandingham, J, )	0.13
"Adherence to a dexmedetomidine dosing and titration protocol significantly decreased incidence of hypotension and maximal dexmedetomidine dose without increasing time to goal RASS score in critically ill trauma patients."	( Evaluating the Effect of a Dosing and Titration Protocol on Dexmedetomidine-Induced Hypotension in Trauma Patients. Cormican, M; Gibson, K; Kurtz, PM; Roebuck, L; VanLandingham, J, )	0.13
"5mg/kg/h ~), and the dosage of sedation drug was according to the sedation target (BIS value 60-80)."	( Examination of ADRB2 gene expression and influence of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol on Hemodynamics after Abdominal Surgery. Bu, H; Huang, X; Lin, Z, 2023)	0.91
" It can also reduce the dosage of local anesthetics by improving positioning accuracy while enhancing the block's efficacy."	( Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant in Peripheral Nerve Block. Chen, Z; Feng, C; Jin, Y; Liu, Z; Zhao, X, 2023)	0.91
" The dosage of propofol and remifentanil in the Dex group was lower than those in the conventional group (P<0."	( Application of Dexmedetomidine in Surgical Anesthesia for Gastric Cancer and Its Effects on IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and CRP. Fan, J; He, W; Jiang, X; Tian, X; Zheng, W, 2023)	0.91
" Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT method after treatment with DEX or mannitol (MAN), and the dosage of DEX used in subsequent experimentation was determined."	( Dexmedetomidine ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis through the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. Hu, Z; Huang, Y; Li, F; Zhan, H, 2023)	0.91
" However, the optimal dosage regimen for intrathecal dexmedetomidine combined with plain ropivacaine for cesarean section (CS) remains undetermined."	( Intrathecal dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to plain ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia during cesarean section: a prospective, double-blinded, randomized trial for ED Chen, J; Feng, J; Huang, F; Mo, X; Wu, X; Zeng, J, 2023)	0.91
" A dosage of 2 μg/kg is more effective in preventing severe ED and providing better mask acceptance."	( The Effect of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Delirium Prevention in Pediatric Ambulatory Dental Rehabilitation Under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Chen, H; Cui, Q; Feng, J; He, H; Huang, X; Shao, Y; Wang, S; Yu, T, 2023)	0.91
" This study aims to investigate efficacy of combined administration of dexmedetomidine and modified high fascia iliaca compartment block (H-FICB) in managing acute and chronic pain after TKA, as well as to identify the optimal dosage of dexmedetomidine."	( Ultrasound-guided dexmedetomidine combination with modified high fascia iliaca compartment block for arthroscopic knee surgery: what is the optimal dose of dexmedetomidine? Chen, A; Duan, W; Hao, R; Wang, C; Xu, X, 2023)	0.91
" The optimal dosage of dexmedetomidine was determined to be 1 μg/kg, which provided the most favorable pain relief with minimal adverse effects."	( Ultrasound-guided dexmedetomidine combination with modified high fascia iliaca compartment block for arthroscopic knee surgery: what is the optimal dose of dexmedetomidine? Chen, A; Duan, W; Hao, R; Wang, C; Xu, X, 2023)	0.91

Role	Description
alpha-adrenergic agonist	An agent that selectively binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors.
non-narcotic analgesic	A drug that has principally analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory actions. Non-narcotic analgesics do not bind to opioid receptors.
analgesic	An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms.
sedative	A central nervous system depressant used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety.
antineoplastic agent	A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
metabolite	Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
medetomidine
trimethoxyflavone	A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by three methoxy groups.
trihydroxyflavone	Any hydroxyflavone carrying three hydroxy groups at unspecified positions.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
polymethylated quercetin glucoside biosynthesis II - quercetagetin series (Chrysosplenium)	2	31
superpathway of polymethylated quercetin/quercetagetin glucoside biosynthesis (Chrysosplenium)	2	34
polymethylated quercetin glucoside biosynthesis II - quercetagetin series (Chrysosplenium)	2	38
superpathway of polymethylated quercetin/quercetagetin glucoside biosynthesis (Chrysosplenium)	2	46

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.0013	18.0743	39.8107	AID926; AID938
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.1220	0.0355	20.9770	89.1251	AID504332
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.5893	0.0020	7.5337	39.8107	AID891
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.1189	0.3162	12.4435	31.6228	AID902
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	5.0119	0.0025	5.8400	31.6228	AID899
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.1995	0.0063	6.9043	39.8107	AID883
peripheral myelin protein 22	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	14.1147	0.0056	12.3677	36.1254	AID624044
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.1585	0.0316	10.2792	39.8107	AID884; AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Histamine H2 receptor	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	Potency	0.1995	0.0063	8.2350	39.8107	AID883
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
GABA theta subunit	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	0.1585	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0025	0.0001	0.8074	10.0000	AID1306485
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0050	0.0001	0.9490	10.0000	AID35422
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0309	0.0003	0.4834	10.0000	AID296809
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.9296	10.0000	AID35639
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.9708	10.0000	AID35639
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0013	0.0000	0.9375	10.0000	AID35639; AID36094; AID36551; AID36555
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0050	0.0000	0.5751	10.0000	AID35422
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.3609	10.0000	AID36549
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0050	0.0000	0.9650	10.0000	AID35422
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.3483	0.0004	1.8773	10.0000	AID342547
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)	EC50 (µMol)	0.3640	0.0100	0.3444	0.9430	AID1342011
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0015	0.0008	0.3733	6.7100	AID1306486; AID1342005; AID550035
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)	EC50 (µMol)	0.3760	0.0090	0.3740	1.1320	AID1342009
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0005	0.0005	0.5541	6.7100	AID1342007
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
positive regulation of cytokine production	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA replication	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
Rho protein signal transduction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
female pregnancy	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organization	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase B activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epinephrine secretion	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hormone stimulus	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor transactivation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
vasodilation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasis	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
fear response	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transport	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretion	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
intestinal absorption	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
thermoception	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid catabolic process	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transport	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of wound healing	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
regulation of cardiac muscle contraction	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
regulation of smooth muscle contraction	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signaling	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activation	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase B activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epinephrine secretion	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor transactivation	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron differentiation	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretion	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron-glial cell signaling	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signaling	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstriction	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-1B adrenergic receptor binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-2C adrenergic receptor binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
thioesterase binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
heterotrimeric G-protein binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-2A adrenergic receptor binding	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine binding	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cytoplasm	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
axon terminus	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zone membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dopaminergic synapse	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic density membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapse	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complex	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
cytoplasm	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
caveola	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
nuclear membrane	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
cytoplasm	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID35422	Tested for Binding affinity towards alpha-1 adrenergic receptor	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 43, Issue:5	alpha(2) Adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-Imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydrothianaphthene [corrected] as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID625291	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID540212	Mean residence time in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1881859	Inhibition of PKM2 (unknown origin) Arg120, Asp178, Asp177, Gly363, Lys367, Hie78, Lys207 residues	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-27, Volume: 65, Issue:2	A Perspective on Medicinal Chemistry Approaches for Targeting Pyruvate Kinase M2.
AID625279	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625287	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID296802	Displacement of [3H]RX 821002 from human adrenergic Alpha-2C receptor expressed in CHO cells	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Alpha2-adrenoreceptors profile modulation. 3.1 (R)-(+)-m-nitrobiphenyline, a new efficient and alpha2C-subtype selective agonist.
AID540211	Fraction unbound in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID35639	In vitro binding affinity against alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-16, Volume: 42, Issue:25	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 1. (Imidazolylmethyl)oxazoles and -thiazoles.
AID36094	in vitro alpha-2A adrenergic receptor binding assay from rats, using RX 821002 as the displaceable ligand	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 43, Issue:7	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-thianaphthene as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID181262	tested for antinociceptive activity at a screening dose of 30 mg/kg, po in the rat air-induced abdominal irritant test (RAIT) using acetylcholine as irritant	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 43, Issue:5	alpha(2) Adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-Imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydrothianaphthene [corrected] as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID550035	Agonist activity at human recombinant alpha2A adrenergic receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as induction of [35S]GTPgammaS binding after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1	3-[(Imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]indazole ligands with selectivity for the α(2)-adrenoceptor compared to the imidazoline I(1) receptor.
AID625292	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1306486	Agonist activity at recombinant human alpha2A adrenoreceptor expressed in CHOK1 cell membrane incubated for 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 24, Issue:14	A combined ligand- and structure-based approach for the identification of rilmenidine-derived compounds which synergize the antitumor effects of doxorubicin.
AID625284	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625282	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID176997	In vivo antinociceptive activity was determined using in rat abdominal irritant test (RAIT) assay	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 3. Imidazolylmethylthiophenes.
AID138616	potential antinociceptive activity initially at a screening dose of 30 mg/kg po in the mouse abdominal irritant test(MAIT) using acetylcholine bromide as irritant	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 43, Issue:7	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-thianaphthene as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID540209	Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1474166	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID111326	QT interval was determined during cardiovascular test in normotensive male albino Long-Evans rat	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 3. Imidazolylmethylthiophenes.
AID625286	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625285	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1474167	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID133239	Tested for antinociceptive activity at a screening dose of 30 mg/kg, po in the mouse abdominal irritant test (MAIT) using acetylcholine as irritant; [95% confidence limit]	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 43, Issue:5	alpha(2) Adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-Imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydrothianaphthene [corrected] as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID625281	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID232721	Selectivity ratio of alpha1/alpha2d	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 43, Issue:5	alpha(2) Adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-Imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydrothianaphthene [corrected] as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID36555	In vitro rat alpha-2D adrenergic receptor binding using p-aminoclonidine	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 43, Issue:7	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-thianaphthene as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID36549	In vitro binding affinity against alpha-2D adrenergic receptor of male Wistar rat	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 3. Imidazolylmethylthiophenes.
AID225282	ED50 value was measured using rat air-induced abdominal irritant test(RAIT)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 43, Issue:7	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-thianaphthene as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID625283	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID550036	Agonist activity at human recombinant alpha2A adrenergic receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as induction of [35S]GTPgammaS binding after 60 mins by scintillation counting relative to noradrenaline	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1	3-[(Imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]indazole ligands with selectivity for the α(2)-adrenoceptor compared to the imidazoline I(1) receptor.
AID625280	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1306485	Displacement of [3H]RS-79948-197 from recombinant human alpha2A adrenoreceptor expressed in CHOK1 cell membrane by scintillation counting method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 24, Issue:14	A combined ligand- and structure-based approach for the identification of rilmenidine-derived compounds which synergize the antitumor effects of doxorubicin.
AID540210	Clearance in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID131224	Mouse Acetylcholine-induced Abdominal Irritant Test activity(MAIT) of the compound.	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-16, Volume: 42, Issue:25	Alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 1. (Imidazolylmethyl)oxazoles and -thiazoles.
AID625290	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID36551	Binding affinity towards alpha-2D adrenergic receptor	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 43, Issue:5	alpha(2) Adrenoceptor agonists as potential analgesic agents. 2. Discovery of 4-(4-Imidazo)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydrothianaphthene [corrected] as a high-affinity ligand for the alpha(2D) adrenergic receptor.
AID296809	Displacement of [3H]RX 821002 from human adrenergic alpha-2c receptor expressed in CHO cells in presence of GppNHp/Na	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Alpha2-adrenoreceptors profile modulation. 3.1 (R)-(+)-m-nitrobiphenyline, a new efficient and alpha2C-subtype selective agonist.
AID1306487	Intrinsic activity at recombinant human alpha2A adrenoreceptor expressed in CHOK1 cell membrane incubated for 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay relative to adrenaline	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 24, Issue:14	A combined ligand- and structure-based approach for the identification of rilmenidine-derived compounds which synergize the antitumor effects of doxorubicin.
AID540213	Half life in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID625288	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625289	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346058	Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	Biochemical pharmacology, Apr-01, Volume: 55, Issue:7	Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant alpha2 adrenergic receptors: agonist-mediated [35S]GTPgammaS binding.
AID1346058	Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Nov-19, Volume: 1448, Issue:1	Modulation of agonist binding to recombinant human alpha2-adrenoceptors by sodium ions.
AID1346049	Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1997	Trends in pharmacological sciences, Jun, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Gene targeting--homing in on alpha 2-adrenoceptor-subtype function.
AID1346049	Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	Biochemical pharmacology, Apr-01, Volume: 55, Issue:7	Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant alpha2 adrenergic receptors: agonist-mediated [35S]GTPgammaS binding.
AID1346058	Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	European journal of pharmacology, Aug-21, Volume: 355, Issue:2-3	Subtype-specific stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding by recombinant alpha2-adrenoceptors.
AID1346049	Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	European journal of pharmacology, Aug-21, Volume: 355, Issue:2-3	Subtype-specific stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding by recombinant alpha2-adrenoceptors.
AID1346049	Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Nov-19, Volume: 1448, Issue:1	Modulation of agonist binding to recombinant human alpha2-adrenoceptors by sodium ions.
AID1346159	Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	Biochemical pharmacology, Apr-01, Volume: 55, Issue:7	Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant alpha2 adrenergic receptors: agonist-mediated [35S]GTPgammaS binding.
AID1346159	Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	Biochimica et biophysica acta, Nov-19, Volume: 1448, Issue:1	Modulation of agonist binding to recombinant human alpha2-adrenoceptors by sodium ions.
AID1346159	Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	European journal of pharmacology, Aug-21, Volume: 355, Issue:2-3	Subtype-specific stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding by recombinant alpha2-adrenoceptors.
AID1346058	Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1997	Trends in pharmacological sciences, Jun, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Gene targeting--homing in on alpha 2-adrenoceptor-subtype function.
AID378634	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 at 100 ug/mL by agar dilution assay	2000	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12	New eudesmane sesquiterpenes from Plectranthus cylindraceus.
AID399300	Inhibition of aldose reductase at 1 uM
AID378629	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 at 100 ug/mL by agar dilution assay	2000	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12	New eudesmane sesquiterpenes from Plectranthus cylindraceus.
AID378630	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 100 ug/mL by agar dilution assay	2000	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12	New eudesmane sesquiterpenes from Plectranthus cylindraceus.
AID399301	Inhibition of aldose reductase at 10 uM
AID378633	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 at 100 ug/mL by agar dilution assay	2000	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12	New eudesmane sesquiterpenes from Plectranthus cylindraceus.
AID378631	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 at 100 ug/mL by agar dilution assay	2000	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12	New eudesmane sesquiterpenes from Plectranthus cylindraceus.
AID399299	Inhibition of aldose reductase at 0.1 uM
AID342547	Inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15	QSAR prediction of inhibition of aldose reductase for flavonoids.
AID337762	Cytotoxicity against human KB cells after 72 hrs
AID378632	Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 35797 at 100 ug/mL by agar dilution assay	2000	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12	New eudesmane sesquiterpenes from Plectranthus cylindraceus.
AID399298	Inhibition of aldose reductase at 0.01 uM
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	14 (0.28)	18.2507
2000's	680 (13.53)	29.6817
2010's	2648 (52.69)	24.3611
2020's	1684 (33.51)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	1,643 (30.81%)	5.53%
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	605 (11.35%)	6.00%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	401 (7.52%)	4.05%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	109 (2.04%)	0.25%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	2,574 (48.27%)	84.16%
Other	13 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (1296)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Infusion Without Loading Dose on Hemodynamic Variables and Recovery Time During Craniotomy: A Randomized Double Blinded Controlled Study [NCT04607525]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-21	Completed
Randomized Control Trial for an Opioid Free Analgesic Pathway Post Cesarean Delivery [NCT03545516]	Phase 2	540 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-17	Not yet recruiting
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study on the Effects of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Pain in Patients Undergoing Elective Spinal Surgery [NCT03325972]	Phase 4	83 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-14	Completed
The Effects of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Spinal Anesthesia Using Low Dose Diluted Bupivacaine for Transurethral Resection of Prostate [NCT01224470]		51 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Pressor Response to Norepinephrine in Patients With Septic Shock [NCT02638545]	Phase 3	37 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Comparative Study Between Intraperitoneal Administration of Either Bupivacaine and Tramadol Versus Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomedine for Analgesia After Abdominal Laparoscopic Cancer Surgeries. A Prospective Randomized Pilot Study [NCT04813016]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine vs 0.9% Sodium Chloride on Nol-Index Guided Remifentanil Analgesia: a Double-blinded Bicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03912740]		58 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-11	Completed
Nebulized Midazolam, Dexmedetomidine, and Their Combination in Sedation of Preschoolers Undergoing Dental Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03827408]	Phase 2	72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-27	Completed
Comparison of Sedation and General Anesthesia With Laryngeal Mask in Therapeutic Bronchoscopy [NCT03983915]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-17	Not yet recruiting
Criteria Based Discharge in Ambulatory Surgery in Children Undergoing Opioid Versus Opioid Free Anesthesia [NCT03979469]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-01	Completed
Comparison of Two Doses of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Children - a Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT01065701]	Phase 3	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-07-31	Completed
A Double-Masked Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial of the Postoperative Opioid Sparing Effects of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Thoracic Surgery [NCT01973452]	Phase 3	333 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-31	Completed
Determining the Pharmacogenetic Basis of Non-responsiveness to the Sedative Effects of Dexmedetomidine in Children [NCT04471402]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-07-20	Recruiting
The Effect of Continuous Propofol Versus Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Regional Cerebral Tissue Oxygen Saturation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass [NCT03817112]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-15	Completed
Effect of Intravenous Lidocaine Combined With Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Hysterectomy [NCT03788018]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Completed
KETODEX for Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Outpatient Strabismus Surgery [NCT03779282]		90 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-02-15	Completed
Multicenter Study for the Prevention of Post-Operative Cardiac Arrhythmias [NCT04234906]	Phase 4	870 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Precedex Intravenous Solution Special Investigation (Sedation of Non-intubated Pediatric Patients for Non-invasive Procedures and Tests) [NCT06085573]		110 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-10-18	Recruiting
A Comparative Study Between Lumbar Epidural Analgesia Versus Local Analgesia With Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy [NCT05850455]		78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-05-20	Completed
Comparative Study Between Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine for Post-operative Epidural Analgesia in Abdominal Surgeries [NCT05323214]	Phase 4	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-01	Recruiting
Comparison of Two Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Added to Lignocaine in Patients Posted for Upper Limb Orthopedic Surgery Under Intravenous Regional Anaesthesia [NCT05123170]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-28	Completed
[NCT01132794]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Effect of Preoperative Intranasal Dexmedetomidine on Fentanyl Requirements in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy [NCT05848505]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-02-25	Completed
Dexmedetomidine and Morphine as Adjuvants to US Guided Erector Spinae Plane Blocks in Elective Thoracic Surgeries [NCT05843344]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-01	Not yet recruiting
Decatecholaminisation With Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Mortality in Septic Shock: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05283083]	Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-03-25	Completed
Analgesic Efficacy of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Supraclavicular Plexus Block: a Randomized Double-blinded Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT05389852]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Recruiting
The Effect of Remimazolam and Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Hypotension During Spinal Anesthesia [NCT05935657]		72 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Use in Suprazygomatic Maxillary Nerve Blocks for Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy Pain Control [NCT05208892]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-31	Not yet recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Esmolol on Early Post Operative Cognitive Dysfunction After Middle Ear Surgery Under Hypotensive Technique :Comparative , Randomized Double Blinded Study [NCT03892512]	Phase 1/Phase 2	58 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-04-30	Recruiting
Randomised Monocentric -Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Stability of Dexmedetomidine Sedation Compared to Propofol Sedation in the Routinely Diagnostic Examination: Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy [NCT03892122]	Phase 4	28 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-03-22	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy of Perineural Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Quadratus Lamborum Block for Pediatrics Undergoing Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty. A Prospective Randomized Double Blinded Study [NCT03885804]	Early Phase 1	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-20	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics - Pharmacodynamics in Mechanically Ventilated Neonates With Single-organ Respiratory Failure (NEODEX). [NCT01266252]	Phase 3	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-07-28	Completed
Intraoperative Application of Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium and Quality of Recovery in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Major Surgery [NCT01283412]	Phase 3	500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Recruiting
Dexmedotomidine for Acute Pain Control in Patients With Multiple Rib Fractures [NCT05321121]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-12	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Microcirculation in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy [NCT01179438]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-08-31	Withdrawn
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Modulation of Perioperative Blood Glucose and Related Hormones [NCT03788538]		75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Butorphanol Tartrate for Postoperative Analgesia and Breastfeeding in Cesarean Section [NCT03065530]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-07	Completed
Dexmedetomidine With or Without Pregabalin Premedication for Conscious Sedation During Cataract Surgery Under Topical Anesthesia. A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial. [NCT03735368]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-10	Completed
Endothelial Injury Mechanism of Cognitive Decline and Intervention Study in Elderly Patients Undergoing Major Surgery [NCT03639896]	Phase 4	464 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-01	Completed
Comparison of Intra-articular Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium in Postoperative Pain [NCT03479216]	Phase 4	62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-26	Completed
The Effect of Topical Dexmedetomidine (0.0055%) on Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Eyes: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03690622]	Phase 4	49 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-01	Completed
Pilot Study 1: Efficacy and Safety of Sublingual Dexmedetomidine (BXCL501) for the Treatment of Agitation in the Emergency Department [NCT05974527]	Phase 4	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-01	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Low Dose Morphine Versus Standard Dose of Morphine in Patiant Controlled Analgesia in Children Undergoing Pelvi Abdominal Exploration. [NCT05688371]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-02-01	Recruiting
The Anti-inflammatory Effect and Hemodynamic Stability of Dexmedetomidine in Aneurysmal Clipping Operation; Compare With Propofol [NCT03927963]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Not yet recruiting
[NCT02185430]		63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol-Remifentanil Conscious Sedation for Outpatient Colonoscopy: A Prospective Randomized Double-blind Trial. [NCT03925779]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-15	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulfate Infusion During Spinal Anesthesia for Lower Abdominal Surgery [NCT03640390]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-30	Completed
A Double Blinded Randomized Placebo Controlled Study Evaluating the Use of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine in Reducing Postoperative Pain and Narcotic Requirement in Patients With Moderate to Severe OSA. [NCT03613558]	Phase 1/Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Unable to recruit patients because the surgeon left the hospital)
A Randomised, Double-blind, Multi-centre Placebo Controlled Trial of Dexmedetomidine for Patients With Agitation and Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit [NCT01151865]	Phase 2/Phase 3	96 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-02-28	Completed
Sedation With Dexmedetomidine Versus Remifentanil in Urogynecological Surgery Under Spinal Anaesthesia : Impact on Block Characteristics, on Acute and Chronic Postoperative Pain [NCT03883347]	Phase 3	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-03-20	Recruiting
[NCT02536014]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Designing Optimal Prevention and Management of Postoperative Nausea and Emesis for Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy [NCT03435003]	Phase 4	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-28	Completed
Phase 4, Open-Label Study Evaluating the Hemodynamic Effect of Differing Loading Regimens of Precedex in a Post-Surgical Intensive Care Patient Population [NCT01169571]		373 participants (Actual)	Observational	2010-09-30	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Bispectral Index and Propofol Requirements During Different Menstrual Cycle [NCT02035930]	Phase 4	110 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Completed
The Effect of Prophylactic Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Disturbances During Double Lumen Endotracheal Intubation. A Double-blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. [NCT01289769]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Completed
A Pilot Study of Dexmedetomidine-Propofol in Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging [NCT02633241]	Phase 4	71 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-02	Completed
A Randomized, Controlled Trial on Dexmedetomidine for Providing Adequate Sedation and Preserved Neurologic Examination for Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke or Cerebral Vasospasm. [NCT01845441]	Phase 2	7 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to The principal investigator left employment at the sponsoring Institution)
Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05436964]		300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-27	Recruiting
Intranasal Remimazolam for Premedication in Pediatric Patients: a Double-blinded Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04720963]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-07	Completed
Efficacy of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine on the Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Day Surgery With Desoflurane Anesthesia [NCT03262090]		389 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-18	Completed
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Meperidine for the Prevention of Shivering Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04735965]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-15	Recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Sleep Quality in Elderly Patients After Major Surgery: A Randomized, Double-blind, and Placebo-controlled Pilot Study [NCT03117790]	Phase 4	118 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-26	Completed
Assessment of the Lowest Effective Dose of Dexmedetomidine in Attenuating the Hemodynamic Responses During Skull Pin Insertion in Patients Undergoing Elective Craniotomy: Randomized Control Study [NCT03738059]	Early Phase 1	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-11-15	Recruiting
Comparison of Epidural Dexmedetomidine and Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine on Postoperative Pain Level, Analgesic Consumption and Oxidative Stress in Thoracic Surgery [NCT03632460]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-01	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Sedative Effects of Sevoflurane, Propofol and Dexmedetomidine on the Clinical Course of Delirium and Neuroinflammation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients [NCT02394418]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to for technical reasons)
Effects of Local Wound Infiltration With Ketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine Added to Bupivacaine on Inflammatory Cytokines Response After Total Abdominal Hysterectomy [NCT03164590]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-01	Completed
[NCT01569048]	Phase 4	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Remifentanil Concentration for Preventing Cough During Emergence After Propofol Anesthesia [NCT03622502]		48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-16	Completed
To Determine the Median Effective Dose (ED50) of Dexmedetomidine to Facilitate LMA Insertion During Anaesthesia Induction With Propofol 2.0 mg/kg [NCT02386462]	Phase 4	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Recruiting
To Study the Effect of Sevoflurane and Propofol Versus Sevoflurane and Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction [NCT03145714]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-01	Completed
Dose Escalation Pharmacokinetic Study of Intranasal Atomized Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease [NCT03417999]	Phase 1	28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-06-01	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Versus Caudal Block for Post-operative Analgesia in Children Undergoing Congenital Inguinal Hernia Repair [NCT04926454]	Phase 1/Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-22	Recruiting
Comparison of Oral Chloral Hydrate and Combination of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine for Procedural Sedation in Children: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04820205]		136 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-09-03	Recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Supplemented Intravenous Analgesia on Postoperative Delirium and Long-term Outcomes in Elderly After Orthopedic Surgery: A Multicenter, Double-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03629262]	Phase 4	712 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-28	Active, not recruiting
Alpha 2 Adrenergic Receptor Agonists for the Prevention of Delirium and Cognitive Decline After Open Heart Surgery (ALPHA2PREVENT): Randomised Controlled Trial. [NCT05029050]	Phase 4	900 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-17	Recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Neuroprotection in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04484922]		160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-25	Recruiting
Accelerated Recovery Following Opioid-free Anaesthesia in Supratentorial Craniotomy [NCT05681429]		44 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Not yet recruiting
The Effect of Opioid-free Anesthesia Using Dexmedetomidine-lidocaine on Acute Postoperative Pain in Gynecological Laparoscopy [NCT04906889]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to financial protocol)
Immune Effect of Dexmedetomidine as Immunomodulatory Anesthesic Agent in Patients Undergoing to Spinal Fusion: a Double-blind, Randomized and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial [NCT02854904]	Phase 2/Phase 3	46 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Preconditioning on Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion : a Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial [NCT05598177]	Phase 4	64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-01	Recruiting
The Effect of Intra Operative Dexmedetomidine in Prevention of Early Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Non Cardiac Surgeries: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05320705]	Phase 1	350 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-15	Recruiting
Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine Versus Transversus Abdominus Plane Block (TAP) for Postoperative Analgesia After Cesarean Section. [NCT04969705]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-01	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Oxygenation Index, Respiratory Index and Inflammatory Factors in Patients Undergoing Palatopalatyngoplasty [NCT03612440]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-01	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics During Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis in Critically Ill Patients [NCT01314209]	Phase 2/Phase 3	10 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Elective Abdominal Hysterectomy [NCT03600506]		52 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Opioid Free Anesthesia Versus Opioid Based Anesthesia for Improvement of the Surgical Field Condition in Elderly Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery. A Randomized Comparative Study [NCT05577117]	Early Phase 1	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-09-03	Completed
Effect of the Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Bupivacaine During Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Blockade for Forearm Surgery. [NCT02049970]	Phase 4	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Sedation When Combined With Midazolam and Remifentanil During Awake Endotracheal Intubation: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Study [NCT04753515]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-05	Completed
The Effect of Different Dose of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Hydromorphone in Children With Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy [NCT03760809]	Phase 4	130 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-04	Completed
Role of Co-administered Dexmedetomidine Or Clonidine With Bupivacaine for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial [NCT03770013]		150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-01	Completed
Comparison of Preemptive Analgesic Effects of Dexketoprofen Versus Dexmedetomidine on the Patients That is Undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy [NCT02092012]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Recruiting
Neuroprotection With Dexmedetomidine in Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiac or Abdominal Surgery (NEUPRODEX) [NCT02096068]	Phase 4	78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
A Qualitative Comparison of Two Sedation Techniques in Children Undergoing Transthoracic Echocardiography [NCT02250820]	Phase 1	280 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
Effect of General Anesthesia Combined Dexmedetomidine on Opioids Intraoperatively and Postoperatively in Patients With Lung Cancer Surgery [NCT05431322]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-01	Recruiting
A Comparison of Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol for Use in Intravenous Sedation [NCT03255824]	Phase 4	144 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-20	Completed
The Value of Preemptive Dexmedetomidine Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block in Patients Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section Under General Anesthesia. [NCT02122510]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Sublingual Film for the Ambulatory Treatment of Hyperadrenergic Autonomic Crisis in Patients With Familial Dysautonomia [NCT06148311]	Phase 2	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-02-01	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Brain Homeostasis and Neurocognitive Outcome of Patients Undergoing Brain Tumor Exclusion [NCT04266665]	Phase 4	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-12	Completed
Anesthesia in Patients With Mitochondrial Disease [NCT02053766]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-01-10	Recruiting
Comparing Time to Readiness for Discharge After Colonoscopy: Propofol and Dexmedetomidine vs Propofol Only Sedation [NCT03139279]	Phase 4	122 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-05	Completed
Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Dexmedetomidine Added to Bupivacaine for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Lower Abdominal Surgery [NCT02064530]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
A Randomised Comparison of Two Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Doses for Ophthalmic Examination Following Failed Chloral Hydrate Sedation in Children [NCT02077712]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Recruiting
Magnesium Sulfate Versus Dexmedetomidine on Anesthesia Awakening. Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT04300985]	Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-01	Completed
Comparing the Hemodynamic Effect of Dexmedetomidine Alone With Dexmedetomidine Plus Ketamine Combination in Post Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05218161]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-01	Active, not recruiting
Propofol-remifentanil Versus Dexmedetomidine in Awake Craniotomy: an Intraoperative Neurophysiological Evaluation [NCT05103735]		170 participants (Actual)	Observational	2021-09-15	Completed
Evaluation of the Effects on Efficiency of a Sedation Service by Switching From Propofol to Dexmedetomidine [NCT03552146]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2018-07-24	Recruiting
The Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Morphine Requirements and Oral Intake After Breast Cancer Surgery [NCT04454515]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-20	Recruiting
Impact of Various Sedation Regimens on the Incidence of Post-sedation Delirium in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation [NCT02117726]	Phase 4	320 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Esketamine Combined Infusion on Postoperative Pain and Recovey Quality Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT05283408]		135 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-10	Completed
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine Soaked Pharyngeal Packing on Postoperative Sore Throat in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: a Randomized Double Blind Trial [NCT04955158]	Phase 3	143 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-19	Completed
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD): A New Modality to Assess Postoperative Agitation After a Single Bolus of Dexmedetomidine Versus Nalbuphine in Children With Cleft Palate Repair [NCT04928391]	Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-20	Recruiting
Diaphragmatic Function, Pain Quality & Anti-inflammatory Properties: A Low Dose Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine in Patients With Multiple Fracture Ribs Needing Conservative Treatment [NCT04928300]	Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-12	Recruiting
The Effect of a Narcotic Free Total Intravenous Anesthesia on the Outcome and Patient Safety During Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03643796]	Phase 4	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-15	Completed
UNderstanding CONSciousness Connectedness and Intraoperative Unresponsiveness Study [NCT03284307]	Phase 4	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-10	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Decreases Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients After Sevoflurane Based General Anesthesia [NCT00778063]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Terminated(stopped due to Difficulty enrolling patients)
The Effect of Intraperitoneal Injection of Magnesium Sulphate Versus Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine on Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Aortic Surgery [NCT05577260]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-01	Enrolling by invitation
Comparison of Dexmedetomidin and Remifentanil for the Effect on Airway Reflex and Hemodynamic Response During Emergence in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy [NCT01365923]	Phase 4	74 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
Assessment of the Effect of Dexmedetomidine in the Management of Postoperative Pain When Combined With Fentanyl in the Patient-controlled Analgesia [NCT01373021]	Phase 4	95 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Maintenance and Recovery of Cranial Aneurysm Surgery [NCT03355534]		150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-05	Completed
ED50 of Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Emergence Agitation Incidence Undergoing Tonsillectomy or Adenoidectomy in Desflurane Anesthesia Following Sevoflurane Induction in Children [NCT01374737]	Phase 4	25 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Recruiting
"Use of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Extend the Duration of Spinal Anesthesia With Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Orthopedic Surgery in Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto: Double Blind Randomized Trial." [NCT05335655]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-31	Recruiting
Para-Vertebral Dexmedetomidine in Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgeries for Acute and Chronic Pain Prevention; A Randomized Double Blinded Clinical Trial [NCT03632161]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-01	Completed
Pregabalin Versus Dexmedetomidine for Delirium Prevention After Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial [NCT05640479]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-15	Recruiting
Opioid Free vs Opioid Based Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Clinical, Randomised Study [NCT04260659]	Phase 4	59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-04	Completed
Can Caudal Dexmedetomidine Provide Effective Analgesia During Pediatric Inguinoscrotal Surgery? [NCT05902780]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-01	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Morphine and Midazolam in Prevention and Treatment of Delirium After Adult Cardiac Surgery; a Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial [NCT03078946]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
[NCT02154074]	Phase 4	92 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Recruiting
Safety Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine Monitored Anesthesia Care for Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration [NCT01381627]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Recruiting
A Comparison of Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam for Conscious Sedation During Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) [NCT02157818]		110 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
[NCT02163980]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
[NCT02164448]	Phase 4	92 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol for Prolonged Sedation in Poly Traumatized Mechanically Ventilated Patients [NCT02606409]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Completed
Sedation of Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients: Midazolam Versus Dexmedetomidine [NCT01256866]	Phase 4	146 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Recruiting
Treatment Of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: Dexmedetomidine Vs Diazepam In A Hospital O'horán [NCT03877120]	Phase 4	2 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol in Conjunction With Regional Block for Shoulder Arthroscopy: a Randomized Controlled Double Blind Trial [NCT03775876]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-01	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine for Prolonged Sedation in Pediatric Intensive Care Units [NCT03760978]		163 participants (Actual)	Observational	2016-01-01	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Reactivity to Noxious Stimuli During Propofol-remifentanil Anaesthesia and Surgery [NCT01076790]	Phase 4	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Completed
[NCT01076816]	Phase 3	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to Poor inclusion rate.)
A PHASE 3/4 RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, DOSE-RANGING STUDY OF THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE (DEX) USED WITH PROPOFOL (PRO) AS NEEDED FOR PROCEDURAL SEDATION OF PEDIATRIC SUBJECTS ≥1 MONTH TO <17 YEARS OF AGE UNDERGOING MRI SCANS [NCT04237792]	Phase 4	128 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-18	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Gastric Emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit in Healthy Volunteers [NCT01084473]	Phase 1	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for Programed Intermittent Epidural Boluses Versus Continuous Epidural Infusion for Labour Epidural Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Double-blind Trial [NCT05781854]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-01	Not yet recruiting
Analgesic Efficacy of Adding Dexmedetomidine VS Magnesium Sulphate as Adjuvants With Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Post Thoracotomy Pain [NCT05851768]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-15	Recruiting
Modulation of Memory and Conditioning by Pain During Sedation With Anesthetics [NCT04062123]	Phase 1	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-07-30	Recruiting
[NCT02325882]		171 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Influence on Incidence of Postoperative Delirium by Various Sedatives in Elderly Patients With Hip Fracture Under Lumbar Anesthesia: A Randomized, Control and Multi-center Trial [NCT03346226]	Phase 4	1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Not yet recruiting
Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Affect Diabetic Patient's Glucose Metabolism [NCT02510612]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Influence of Small Doses Dexmedetomidine to the Elderly Patients' Emergence Agitation [NCT02169843]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Addition to Benzodiazepines for Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in the ICU: a Randomised Controlled Study [NCT02496650]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
The Influence of Propofol and Dexmedetomidine Sedation on Memory Consolidation [NCT05045170]		81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-11	Completed
Comparative Study Between Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl as an Adjuvant to Intra-articular Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia After Knee Arthroscopy. [NCT04442906]		45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-07-01	Completed
A Randomized Comparison of Midazolam With Meperidine and Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam With Meperidine and Propofol for Sedation During ERCP [NCT02475824]	Phase 4	258 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
The Use of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant for Perioperative Pain Management in Morbidly Obese Adolescents Undergoing Bariatric Surgery [NCT02880540]	Phase 3	26 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Perioperative Conscious Sedation During Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke (PEACE) A Randomised Multicentre Trial [NCT06139692]	Phase 4	810 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-21	Recruiting
Randomized Controlled Trial of IN Midazolam vs IN Dexmedetomidine vs IN Ketamine Evaluating Length of Stay After Medication Administration and Anxiolysis During Minimal Procedures in Pediatric Population in Pediatric Emergency Department [NCT05934669]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
" Effect of Sedative and Anxiolytic Premedication on Children Experience After General Anesthesia The pediaPREM Study." [NCT05681572]	Phase 3	1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-18	Recruiting
Cardioprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: a Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT04871308]		224 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-07	Recruiting
Effects of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Hypertensive Patients-A Single Center,Randomized, Double-blinded,Controlled Study [NCT02224443]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Not yet recruiting
A Qualitative Comparison of Oral Chloral Hydrate vs 2.0 or 3.0 mcg/kg Nasal Dexmedetomidine in Children Undergoing Transthoracic Echocardiography [NCT02523144]	Phase 4	279 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Infusion to Prevent Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion Injury-induced Glycocalyx Degradation and Early Allograft Dysfunction in the Sitting of Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation [NCT05031026]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-15	Recruiting
Evaluation of Neuroprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Traumatic Brain Injury [NCT05487742]	Phase 1	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-04	Recruiting
Intranasal Sedation With Dexmedetomidine for Vitroretinal Procedures [NCT03251222]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-01	Recruiting
Opioid Free Anesthesia for Upper Limb Surgery in Obese Patients. [NCT05481970]		76 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Clinical Characteristics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Children Undergoing Non-painful Procedures [NCT03220880]		578 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-09-04	Completed
DEXMEDETOMIDINE ADJUVANT TO LOCAL ANAESTHESIA FOR PERIBULBAR BLOCKS IN RETINAL SURGERY [NCT02282787]	Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Active, not recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Nalbuphine in Prevention of Emergence Agitation Following Adenotonsillectomy in Pediatrics [NCT04058899]	Phase 1/Phase 2	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-05	Active, not recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant for Lower Limb Nerve Blocks Following Oromaxillofacial Reconstruction [NCT03118076]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-04-20	Not yet recruiting
Premedication With Intranasal Dexmedetomidine or Midazolam for Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Children: Superiority Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03171740]	Phase 3	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-01	Completed
A Comparison of Morphine and Morphine Plus Dexmedetomidine in Chronic Cancer Pain [NCT02289261]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
[NCT02300649]		30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Completed
A Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects Between Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Sedation in Patients With Major Abdominal Tumor Surgery [NCT02393066]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Inflammatory Response in Children Under Congenital Heart Disease Repair With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT03163238]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-05-30	Recruiting
the Influence of Sleep Improvement Through Different Methods on Patients in ICU [NCT03480789]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-02-05	Recruiting
Role of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant With Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05165836]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-25	Completed
Effect of a Single Dose Infusion of Dexmedetomidine in Reducing Incidence of Emergence Agitation After Nasal Surgery - a Randomised Contolled Trial [NCT05634148]	Phase 3	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-12-22	Completed
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant to Different Concentrations of Ropivacaine for Femoral Nerve Blockade in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT03658421]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-01	Completed
Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Robot-assisted Pancreaticoduodenectomy: a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05274789]		300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-15	Recruiting
Evaluation of the Analgesic Effect of Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Epidural Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Surgeries [NCT03463083]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-04	Completed
Determination of ED50 and ED95 of Single Bolus Dexmedetomidine in General Anesthesia Patients to Produce Acceptable Hemodynamic Outcomes [NCT03655847]	Phase 4	42 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-05-23	Recruiting
A Pilot Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl Versus Midazolam and Remifentanil for Sedation in Patients Undergoing Ablation Procedures for Treatment of a Tachyarrhythmia [NCT03451227]		6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-01	Terminated(stopped due to Unable to recruit eligible participants)
A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effect of Changing Physiological Conditions on the Amplitude and/or Frequency of Myogenic Oscillations [NCT03719001]	Early Phase 1	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-23	Completed
Effect of Single Dose Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam on Emergence Agitation and Recovery Profile When Added to Ketamine for Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy [NCT03647579]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-30	Completed
[NCT02330120]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-01-31	Completed
The Effect of a Low-dose Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Vitreoretinal Surgery Under Sub-Tenon's Anesthesia [NCT02327156]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Pharmacodynamic Interactions Between Remifentanil and Dexmedetomidine (PIRAD) [NCT03143972]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-28	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Sedation Reduces Atrial Fibrillation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05171985]		144 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Pectoral Nerves Block to Relieve Post-sternotomy Pain After Cardiac Surgery [NCT04282239]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Did not have the staff to conduct the study)
Perioperative Infusion of Dexmedetomidine Improves Outcomes of Cardiovascular Surgery [NCT02237495]	Phase 2/Phase 3	1,100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-09	Completed
Dexmedetomidinine in the Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit After Cardiac Surgery [NCT05849597]	Phase 3	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-01	Recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Acute Kidney Injury Following Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03522688]	Phase 4	214 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-11	Active, not recruiting
Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Versus Intravenous Lidocaine in Attenuating Airway Reflexes During Recovery of Thyroidectomy Patients [NCT05657028]		140 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-01	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics in the Obese [NCT02187068]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-04-30	Completed
Reducing Delirium After Cardiac Surgery: A Multifaceted Approach Of Perioperative Care [NCT01378741]		185 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-04-30	Completed
The Analgesic Effect of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjunct to Local Anesthetics in Ultrasound-guided Interscalene Approach to Brachial Plexus Block for Shoulder Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02225054]	Phase 2	99 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-05-31	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine Sedation on Delirium and Haemodynamic in Mechanical Ventilated Elderly Patients -a Single Center,Randomized and Controlled Trial [NCT02225210]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Not yet recruiting
The Clinical Research of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Used in Plastic Surgery of Children : A Single Center ,Randomized ,Double-blinded, Controlled Study. [NCT02222636]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Modulating Surgery-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Elderly: Impact of Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine, a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06090955]		108 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-31	Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Different Dose Levels of Peri-neural Dexmedetomidine on the Pharmacodynamic and Side Effects Profiles of Bupivacaine-induced Ultrasound-guided Femoral Nerve Block [NCT02089932]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
A Multimodal Analgesic Protocol With Gabapentin Dexmedetomidine For Postoperative Pain Managment After Modified Radical Mastectomy Surgery: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study [NCT04976374]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-25	Recruiting
To Evaluate if Dexmedetomidine Infusion Has a Role in Renal Protection in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. A Randomized Control Trial [NCT05375188]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-01	Completed
The Effect of Opioid-Free Anesthesia in TMJ Surgery: A Prospective Study [NCT04724759]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-18	Recruiting
The Efficacy of Adding Dexmedetomidine Perineurally to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Fascia Iliaca Block Versus Intravenously Infused Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Stability Intraoperatively and Postoperative Analgesia Following Hip Arthroscopy [NCT04917029]		88 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-18	Completed
Comparative Study of Single Port Thoracoscopic Bullectomy Under Nonintubated Local and Sedation Anesthesia Versus Intubated General Anesthesia for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. [NCT02109510]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Completed
Mother's Recorded Voice: a Neglected Therapeutic Stance for Pediatric Postoperative Agitation [NCT04941508]	Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-25	Completed
Comparison of Epidural Labor Analgesia With Dexmedetomidine or Sufentanil [NCT03622047]		1,800 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-15	Recruiting
Effect of Increasing Depth of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol Anesthesia on Upper Airway Morphology in Children With History of Obstructive Sleep Apnea [NCT01344759]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-06-30	Completed
Comparison of Two Different Intranasal Doses of Dexmedetomidine in Children for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Sedation [NCT02299232]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Comparison of Propofol and Dexmedetomidine to Treat Hyperactive and Mixed ICU Delirium - the Basel ProDex Randomized Trial [NCT02807467]	Phase 4	37 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-01	Terminated(stopped due to insufficient recruitment over a long period)
Intravenous Dexmedetomidine For The Quaity Of Emergence From General Anesthesia: A Dose-Finding Study [NCT02141412]	Phase 4	216 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
Comparative Study of Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine-Dexmedetomidine in Ultrasound Guided Serratus Plane Block for Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT03498092]		150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-08	Completed
[NCT02148432]		31 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-19	Completed
A Randomized Comparison Between Perineural Dexamethasone and Perineural Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants for Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Blocks [NCT03610893]		120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-16	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Added to Propofol for Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Adult Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03091894]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-09	Completed
Effects of Different Premedication on Preoperative Sedation and Postoperative Agitation in Children Undergoing Ophthalmic and Otorhinolaryngologic Operations [NCT04266340]		320 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-13	Completed
Effect of Single-dose Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Agitation and Postoperative Behavior Changes After Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children [NCT03596775]	Early Phase 1	96 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-01	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized Clinical Study to Assess the Impact of a Single Dexmedetomidine Bolus During Induction of General Anesthesia on Intraoperative Sevoflurane Consumption in Elective Laparoscopic Surgery [NCT05615194]		84 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-05	Recruiting
Comparison of the Duration of Ropivacaine Combined With Dexmedetomidine or Dexamethasone on Paravertebral Block in Patients Undergoing Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery [NCT03570645]	Phase 4	154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-12	Completed
Effect of Low-dose Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Patients After Cardiac Surgery: A Multicenter, Double-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03624595]		502 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-04-16	Active, not recruiting
Comparison of the Analgesic Effect of Ketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine Added to Local Anesthetic in TAP Block for Lower Abdominal Cancer Surgery [NCT03060070]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-10	Completed
Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Multicentre Study [NCT02031510]	Phase 1/Phase 2	195 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion, Lidocaine Infusion, and Intrathecal Morphine Injection on Biomarker for Perioperative Stress and Immune Response, and Cancer Progression and Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer Surgery [NCT05742438]		114 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-12	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Combined With Bupivacaine for Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Bupivacaine Alone for Postoperative Pain Control of Posterior Lumbosacral Spine Fixation Surgeries [NCT05590234]	Phase 1/Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-11-15	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Use in Infants Undergoing Cooling Due to Neonatal Encephalopathy (DICE Trial) [NCT04772222]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-20	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine After Cardiac Surgery for Prevention of Delirium: The Exactum Study a Randomised Double Blind Controlled Trial [NCT03477344]	Phase 3	348 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-04	Completed
[NCT02522858]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Safe Sedation of Children During Radiological Examinations [NCT05163704]		1,091 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Completed
Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine-Propofol and Ketamine-Propofol Administration for Sedation of CT Guided Bone Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05752903]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-03-04	Completed
Anxiolysis for Laceration Repair in Children: A Multicenter Adaptive Randomized Trial [NCT05383495]	Phase 3	300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-20	Recruiting
Evaluation of the Hemodynamic Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Scheduled Outpatient Surgery: Single-center Prospective Randomized Double-blind Non-inferiority Study. [NCT06082856]		594 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-19	Recruiting
Alpha 2 Agonists for Sedation to Produce Better Outcomes From Critical Illness (A2B Trial): A Randomised, Parallel-group, Allocation Concealed, Controlled, Open, Phase 3 Pragmatic Clinical and Cost- Effectiveness Trial With Internal Pilot [NCT03653832]	Phase 3	1,437 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-10	Active, not recruiting
The Effect of Preoperative Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Quality of Recovery: Randomized Study [NCT03468062]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-05-09	Enrolling by invitation
Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Outcome in Elderly Patients After Noncardiac Surgery: 5-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03436472]		700 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-01	Completed
Anesthetic Sparing Effect of Dexmedetomidine During TIVA With Propofol and Remifentanil for Children Undergoing Dental Procedures [NCT03422978]	Phase 4	88 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-03-14	Recruiting
Comparison of the Efficacy of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Tramadol in Control of Post Spinal Shivering in Obstetric Patients Undergoing Lower Segment Cesarean Section [NCT05616364]	Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Microcirculation and Residual Kidney Function in Kidney Donors and Transplanted Kidney Function in Kidney Recipients [NCT04346290]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-07-24	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Sevoflurane Inhalation for Fibreoptic Nasotracheal Intubation in Children With Anticipated Difficult Intubation [NCT04426552]	Phase 2	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Recruiting
The Influence of Age on Dexmedetomidine Pharmacodynamic in Lower Extremity Surgery [NCT02099253]	Phase 4	82 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Pregabalin Versus Dexmedetomidine for Delirium Treatment After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial [NCT05640453]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-15	Recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of BXCL501, a Sublingual Film Delivery of Dexmedetomidine for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in Schizophrenia [NCT03708315]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-09	Recruiting
Evaluation of the Analgesic Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthesia in Quadratus Lumborum Block After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT04748224]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-02	Completed
Effects of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Fentanyl-induced Cough [NCT03126422]	Phase 1	240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-05-01	Recruiting
Comparison of Intranasal Midazolam or Dexmedetomidine on Epileptiform EEG During Sevoflurane Mask Induction in Children [NCT03394430]	Phase 4	45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-10-01	Not yet recruiting
Optimal Dose of Dexmedetomidine Sedation Following Spinal Anesthesia: Postpartum Versus Nonpregnant Women [NCT02111421]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine to Cognition of Geriatrics in Prolonged Surgery,A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT02123355]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Not yet recruiting
The Efficacy OF Oral DexmedetomidineVersus Oral Midazolam/Ketamine ON Parental Separation AND Face Mask Acceptance IN Pediatrics Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy [NCT03551067]	Phase 4	74 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-01	Completed
Feasibility of Dexmedetomidine-based Sedation in Neurocritical Care Patients : a Pilot Study [NCT02252523]	Phase 2	66 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Recruiting
Phase 4 Study of Dexmedetomidine Effects on Preventing Contrast Induced Nephropathy [NCT02137863]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
Adjunctive Sedation With Dexmedetomidine for the Prevention of Severe Inflammation and Septic Encephalopathy: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Study. [NCT04076826]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-01	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine at Different Doses on Hemodynamics and Recovery Quality in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Replacement Surgery Under General Anesthesia [NCT05567523]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-01	Completed
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Versus Morphine as an Adjunct to Bupivacaine in Caudal Anesthesia for Pediatric Thoracic Surgeries. A Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT04445636]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-28	Completed
Is Dexmedetomidine Effective at Reducing Pain Scores and Opioid Consumption in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Patients [NCT05534230]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-06	Not yet recruiting
The Effect of the Combination of Pregabalin and Dexmedetomidine on the Management of Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) or Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) Under Spinal Anesthesia [NCT03512574]	Phase 4	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-02	Completed
Dexmedetomidine After Cesarean for the Treatment of Nausea and Shivering [NCT03370562]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-18	Completed
The Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Dexmedetomidine in Patients With Seizure Disorders [NCT01116700]	Phase 1	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-12-31	Completed
Nalbuphine/Dexmedetomidine Versus Nalbuphine/Propofol Conscious Sedation for Cataract Extraction Under Topical Anaesthesia: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial [NCT03933280]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Use During Therapeutic Hypothermia Treatment for Neonates With Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy: The Cool DEX Study [NCT02529202]	Early Phase 1	7 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
Sedation to Electroencephalography With Dexmedetomidine or Chloral Hydrate: a Comparative Study of the Qualitative and Quantitative Electroencephalogram Pattern [NCT01083797]	Phase 3	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
Opioid-Free Anaesthesia During Prolonged Orthotopic Urinary Bladder Diversion Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study. [NCT05262166]		34 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-10	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Sedation in Spontaneous Breathing Patients After Tracheal Surgery [NCT03723538]		14 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-02-01	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Propofol Requirement for Insertion of Laryngeal Mask Airway [NCT02284672]	Phase 4	39 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
Opioid Sparing Anesthesia in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Undergoing Liver Resection: A Controlled Randomized Double Blind Study [NCT05674877]	Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-12-01	Completed
Evaluation of the Postoperative Agitation Prevention and Analgesic Efficacy of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion in a Pediatric Patient Group to Undergo Dental Treatment [NCT06097169]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2023-10-10	Enrolling by invitation
An Open-Label, Randomized, Active Controlled Inpatient Trial Evaluating Sublingual Dexmedetomidine For Moderate To Severe Agitation In Inpatients With Schizophrenia Or Bipolar Disorder [NCT06093451]	Phase 4	32 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-01	Recruiting
Randomized Case Control Study Using Dexmedetomidine Prior to Intubation in Neonates [NCT05304598]	Phase 3	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-14	Recruiting
Effects of Systemic Administration of Dexmedetomidine on Intraocular Pressure During Scheduled Spine Surgeries in a Prone Position. Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Study. [NCT04628663]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-20	Recruiting
"Providing Good Sleep for ICU Sedation" [NCT01342328]		3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Stress Study of Pituitrin in Laparoscopic Hysteromyoma Surgery [NCT03524950]	Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-06-01	Not yet recruiting
Does the Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Morphine Improve the Treatment of Pain in Patients With Metastatic Cancer? A Pilot Study [NCT03936205]	Phase 2/Phase 3	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Pilot Study of Dexmedetomidine Sublingual Film for the Ambulatory Treatment of Hyperadrenergic Autonomic Crisis in Patients With Familial Dysautonomia [NCT06128356]	Phase 2	5 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effect of Dexmedetomidine Compared With Midazolam on Airway Reflex and Recovery Quality During Emergence From General Anesthesia After Partial and Total Laryngectomy [NCT03918889]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Enrolling by invitation
Phase 4 Study of Long Term Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in the Elderly Patients [NCT02301676]	Phase 4	190 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Not yet recruiting
Opioid Free Anesthesia in Bariatric Surgery: A Prospective, Double-blinded, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT03507634]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-11	Completed
A Prospective, Multi-centre, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Comparison of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Haloperidol in Treatment of Psychomotor Confusion After Heart Surgery [NCT01140529]	Phase 3	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-05-31	Terminated(stopped due to Slow recruitment)
Intrtavenous Ketorolac Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia After Hypospadius Repair [NCT05194904]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Added to Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine inTransincisionalU/S Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block in Open Renal Surgeries , A New Technique :Prospective, Randomized Double- Blinded Study [NCT03869047]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-06	Completed
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Versus Clonidine to Control Delirium in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting [NCT03477994]		147 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-01	Completed
A Comparative Study to Measure the Effect of Nebulized Dexmedetomidine - Lidocaine for Controlling Postoperative Pain After Tonsillectomy in Adults. [NCT05158348]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-05	Recruiting
Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine Versus Dexamethasone With Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Interscalene Block During Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03940469]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-03	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Triamcinolone Local Injection for Pain Alleviation in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04961281]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-22	Completed
Study on the Difference and Cause of Acupuncture Dexmedetomidine Compound Anesthesia Effect [NCT05159674]		22 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-12-15	Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Induction of Anaesthesia and Onset of Neuromuscular Blockade in Children [NCT03923075]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-02	Completed
Open Clinical Trial to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Dexdor for Sedation in Paediatric Patients in Intensive Care Settings. Multi-centre Trial in Russia for Marketing Registration of Dexdor. [NCT03813277]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-21	Completed
Effects of Intranasal Injection of Dexmedetomidine Plus Bupivacaine on Anesthesia & Analgesia in Septoplasty Surgeries [NCT03926663]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-07-20	Recruiting
Extension of the Analgesia of an Interscalene Block of the Brachial Plexus by Combined Injection of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine, After Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery: Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Trial [NCT04394481]	Phase 4	122 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-09-28	Completed
Midazolam Used Alone or Sequential Use of Midazolam and Propofol/Dexmedetomidine for Long-Term Sedation in Critically Ill, Mechanically Ventilated Patients: a Prospective, Randomized Study [NCT02528513]	Phase 4	240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-12-31	Enrolling by invitation
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Kidney Perfusion in Paediatric Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery Guided by Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03425734]	Phase 2	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-05-20	Recruiting
Evaluation of Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Bilateral Suprazygomatic Maxillary Nerve Block Using Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine in Children Undergoing Cleft Palate Repair Under General Anesthesia:Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03412474]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-14	Completed
A Pilot Study for a Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial of Techniques for Perioperative Analgesia for Live Liver Donors [NCT03393988]	Phase 4	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-07	Active, not recruiting
Randomised Clinical Trial: Dexmedetomidine Versus Standard Clinical Practice During Non Invasive Mechanical Ventilation [NCT02958150]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Active, not recruiting
The Effect of Adding Dexamethasone Versus Magnesium Sulphate Versus Dexmedetomidine to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Adductor Canal Block for Post-operative Analgesia Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair [NCT04892420]	Phase 2	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-09	Completed
The Influence of Perioperative Administration of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammation Response and Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) Cytoreductive Surgery; Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03370588]		56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-01	Completed
Oral Dexmedetomidine vs Midazoam For Premedication And Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Dental Treatment [NCT03357718]	Phase 4	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-01	Completed
DExmEdetomidine Sedation Versus Propofol SEDATION FOR Catheter ABLATION of Atrial Fibrillation Under a Cardiologist Supervision: A Randomized Controlled Pilot STUDY [NCT03844841]	Phase 4	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-01	Completed
Adjunctive Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Non-intubated Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery [NCT05863416]	Phase 4	144 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam for Prevention of Emergence Delirium in Children [NCT03337672]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-05	Completed
Postoperative Delirium After Total Knee Arthroplasty Under Regional Anesthesia: a Comparison Between Intraoperative Sedation With Fentanyl, Fentanyl-dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl-propofol [NCT03120442]		600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-06-14	Enrolling by invitation
Comparative Study of Mid-thoracic Spinal Versus Epidural Anesthesia for Open Nephrectomy in Patients With Obstructive/Restrictive Lung Disease: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03324490]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Completed
Low Dose Hyperbaric Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant, Caesarean Section: Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03775655]	Phase 2/Phase 3	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-01	Completed
Pharmacokinetics and Dynamics of Nebulized Dexmedetomidine in Preschool Children Undergoing Abdominal Cancer Surgery [NCT03762785]	Phase 1/Phase 2	16 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-12-10	Recruiting
the Effect of Opioid-free General Anesthesia on the Recovery Quality After Gynecological Laparoscopy [NCT04409964]		78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Plus Ropivacaine Versus Sufentanil Plus Ropivacaine for Epidural Labor Analgesia on Neonatal Outcomes: a Pilot Randomized Trial [NCT05698407]	Phase 4	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-16	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulfate in Ultrasound Guided Bilateral Bi-level Erector Spinae Plane Block in Corrective Scoliosis Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. [NCT05671081]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-01-05	Active, not recruiting
Use of Dexmedetomidine in Children Undergoing Oral Maxillofacial Surgery to Decrease Emergence Delirium [NCT01353378]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to The study was not approved by Hospital's Medical Ethics Committee.)
Multimodal Analgesic Using Morphine and COX-2 With or Without Dexmedetomidine for Colorectal Surgery [NCT01353456]	Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-05-31	Completed
Does Single Dose Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Sedation Reduce Post-operative Pain in Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Randomized Control Study [NCT02466022]	Phase 3	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
The Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Tourniquet Induced -Systemic Effects in Total Knee Arthroplasty Under Spinal Anesthesia-prospective Study. [NCT04307290]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-03	Completed
Effect of Wound Infiltration With Tramadol, Dexmedetomidine, or Magnesium Sulfate as Adjuncts to the Local Anesthetic on Pain Relief After Spine Surgery [NCT04391855]	Phase 4	72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-05-10	Completed
A Comparison of Remifentanil and Dexmedetomidine for Craniotomy Perioperative Hemodynamics and Postoperative Pain [NCT01269918]		142 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-07-31	Completed
Intrathecal Bupivacaine-Dexmedetomidine Compared to Intrathecal Bupivacaine-Neostigmine in Elective Caesarean Sections, Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT06055101]		54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-03	Completed
Effect of Lidocaine 5% Patch Supplementation to Intra-articular Bupivacaine Dexmedetomidine After Arthroscopic Knee Surgery Under General Anesthesia [NCT04322760]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-01	Completed
Comparative Study Between Propofol-Ketamine Combination and Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine Combination for Sedation in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Paediatric Patients. [NCT02863861]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on the Intraoperative Electroencephalogram During Endarterectomy Surgery [NCT00710437]		22 participants (Actual)	Observational	2005-04-30	Completed
Combining Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine in Intensive Care Sedation: Efficacy and Safety [NCT04096768]	Phase 3	394 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-16	Recruiting
Can Anti-Trendelenburg Position Improve Surgical Field Without Affecting Accessibility During Ear Surgery? A Randomized-Controlled Trial. [NCT04095754]		225 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-12	Completed
Goal Directed Propofol Sedation With Magnesium Sulphate Versus Dexmedetomidine for ERCP Procedure [NCT02684019]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
Comparative Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Ketofol for Sedation in Out-patients Undergoing Diagnostic Trans-esophageal Echocardiography: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02867930]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
Efficacy and Optimal Dose Selection of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine During Breast Lumpectomy Under Local Anaesthesia [NCT02675049]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
[NCT02674737]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
Effect of a Combination of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine Anesthesia on Upper Airway Morphology in Children [NCT02652507]	Phase 1	22 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
Opioid-Free Versus Transitional Anesthetic With Opioids From Tonsillectomy [NCT04528173]	Phase 4	550 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-07-22	Recruiting
Comparison Of Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl In Attenuation Of Hemodynamic Response To Direct Laryngoscopy And Intubation In Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. [NCT04089592]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-15	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Propofol Requirements During Anesthesia Administered by Bispectral Index-Guided Closed-Loop Anesthesia Delivery System: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT02599168]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-05	Completed
Ultrasound Guided Pectoral Nerve Block Using Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine as a Supplement to General Anesthesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT04284098]		45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-01	Not yet recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Blood Coagulation: In Vitro, Volunteer Study Using Rotational Thromboelastometry [NCT04269278]		11 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-02-12	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Prolonged Infusion in Critically Ill, Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care Unit; an Open, Non-Randomised, Single Centre Study [NCT00747721]	Phase 1	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine vs. Propofol in Vitreoretinal Surgery Under Sub-Tenon's Block [NCT01001429]	Phase 4	78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Bilateral Superficial Cervical Plexus Block Combined With Intravenous Sedation Versus General Anesthesia in Selected Patients for Thyroid/Parathyroid Surgery ; a Prospective Randomized Control Trial [NCT04051099]		52 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-03-01	Recruiting
Comparison of Sedation With Intravenous Remimazolam and Dexmedetomidine During Spinal Anesthesia : Prospective Randomized Study [NCT05305248]		62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-19	Completed
Epidural Nalbuphine Versus Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine in Lower Limb Surgeries Under Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia [NCT05041270]		23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-01	Completed
The Effect of Obesity in Dexmedetomidine Metabolic Clearance [NCT02557867]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Active, not recruiting
Hemodynamic Change Between Loading of Dexmedetomidine or Midazolam as a Sedative Agents During Knee Arthroscopy [NCT02634021]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to The investigator had no more scientific interest about this issue.)
Feasibility of Dexmedetomidine in Children With Respiratory Morbidities Undergoing Deep Sedation for Magnetic Resonance Imaging [NCT02555605]		19 participants (Actual)	Observational	2013-11-30	Completed
Cognitive Functions After TIVA With Dexmedetomidine [NCT02631135]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Subsidiary Analgesia and Sedation in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Under Local Anesthesia：A Randomized, Double Blind Controlled Trial [NCT02535273]	Phase 4	212 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Cycling and Sleep in the Pediatric ICU [NCT05003102]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-02-20	Withdrawn(stopped due to No enrollment, IRB closed)
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetic Agent in Scalp Block and Scalp Infiltration to Control Post Craniotomy Pain [NCT02866409]	Phase 2	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Completed
Prospective, Randomized, Open Label Controlled Trial To Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of Dexmedetomidine Use Beyond 24 Hours Compared With Midazolam In Children Admitted To Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at KASCH-MNGHA. [NCT05485519]	Phase 3	430 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-21	Recruiting
Comparative Study Between Intraperitoneal Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine With Bupivacaine For Postoperative Analgesia After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy [NCT04525274]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-01	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study Evaluating the Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Phenylephrine Response During Refractory Septic Shock [NCT03953677]	Phase 3	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-10-27	Terminated(stopped due to Excess mortality in one arm of the study that led to discontinuation of enrollment)
Effects of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjunctive Analgesic Used in Continuous Thoracic Paravertebral Blocks for Post-thoracotomy Pain Syndrome [NCT02619513]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Microcirculation in Septic Shock- A Double-blinded Study [NCT02612181]	Phase 4	44 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
Interventional Study of Dexmedetomidine for Sedating Anticipated Difficult Airway Patients Undergoing Awake Fiberoptic Nasal Intubation [NCT00815893]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-08-31	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine as an Additive to Local Anaesthesia to Decrease Intraocular Pressure in Glaucoma Surgery [NCT02846090]		105 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine of Gastrointestinal Motility [NCT04798482]	Phase 4	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-14	Completed
Prevention of Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery: Single Blinded Randomized Control Study Comparing Intra-nasal Dexmedetomidine With Oral Midazolam. [NCT04669457]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-27	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine and Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Thoracic Surgical Procedure and One-Lung Ventilation(OLV) [NCT00839605]		25 participants (Actual)	Observational	2009-03-31	Completed
A Comparative Randomized Study Between Dexmedetomidine, Magnesium Sulphate and Lidocaine on the Pressor Response to Laryngoscopic Intubation for Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery [NCT05659212]		102 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-03	Not yet recruiting
Bioavailability of Dexmedetomidine After Intranasal Administration in Healthy Subjects [NCT00837187]	Phase 1	7 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Completed
Impact of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Outcomes in Elderly Patients After Major Non-cardiac Surgery: 3-year Follow-up of a Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT04111926]	Phase 4	619 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-10-07	Completed
Study of Caudal Ropivacaine With or Without Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia in Pediatric Infra-umbilical Surgery: A Double-blinded Randomized Control Trial [NCT05979558]		62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-16	Completed
A Phase I Study of Dexmedetomidine Bolus and Infusion in Corrective Infant Cardiac Surgery: Safety and Pharmacokinetics [NCT01915277]	Phase 1	119 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-02	Completed
Dexamethasone Compared With Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine for Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block [NCT02787018]	Phase 3	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
[NCT02781246]	Phase 4	160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Antitussive Effect of Single-dose Dexmedetomidine With Low-dose Remifentanil Infusion During Emergence in Adults After Thyroidectomy: Comparison With High-dose Remifentanil Infusion Alone [NCT02208505]	Phase 4	168 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Predictive Factors of Failure or Success of Sedation With Dexmedetomidine in ICU [NCT02200159]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2014-06-30	Recruiting
Phase 4 Study of Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Prevention of Side Effects of Hemabate in Cesarean Section Patients [NCT02220361]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Enrolling by invitation
Peri-neural Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine-induced Paravertebral Block in Patients Undergoing Thoracotomy [NCT02397603]	Phase 2	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-02-28	Completed
Immunomodulatory Effect of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant Drug in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies [NCT05489900]	Phase 3	52 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-01	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Improve Microcirculatory Alterations in Initial Resuscitated Septic Shock Patients [NCT02270281]	Phase 4	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
The Efficacy and Safety of Lower Limb Nerve Blocks in Postoperative Analgesia for the Free Flap Donor Sites [NCT03071185]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-20	Recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Dopamine on Renal Function After Selective Major Surgery in Adult Patients [NCT03170739]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-06-06	Recruiting
Comparison of Caudal Bupivacaine Alone With Bupivacaine Plus Two Doses of Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Infra-umbilical Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Double Blinded Study [NCT02385435]	Phase 2/Phase 3	91 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Treatment of Shivering During Cesarean Section Under Neuraxial Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02384343]	Phase 3	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-04-30	Completed
Ketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Emergency Surgery: A Comparative Study. [NCT05341154]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Comme Adjuvant à la rachianesthésie Lors de césariennes électives : Une étude Pilote [NCT05099055]	Phase 3	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-03-15	Completed
Intraoperative Propofol and Dexmedetomidine on Peripheral Inflammation Induced by Hip or Knee Arthroplasty. [NCT03600727]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine as an Adjuvant to General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgeries [NCT03600493]	Phase 4	64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Outcomes During Emergence From Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Surgery [NCT02316236]		66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-10	Completed
RANDOMİZED,DOUBLE-BLİND TRİAL OF EFFECT OF DEXMEDETOMİDİNE AND MİDAZOLAM SEDATİON ON HEART RATE VARİABİLİTY AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY [NCT03601091]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-22	Active, not recruiting
Investigation of Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit [NCT03355053]	Phase 2	750 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-06-01	Recruiting
Comparison of Different Strategies in Preventing Discomfort Due to Urine Catheter in Urinary Surgery [NCT04314050]		135 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-10	Completed
The Safety、Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine Administered Through Different Routes in Pediatric [NCT03337581]	Phase 4	187 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-10-20	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetics and Dynamics of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant in TAP Block for Patient Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery [NCT03328299]	Phase 2/Phase 3	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-11	Completed
Does Perineural Dexmedetomidine Prolong the Duration of an Adductor Canal Block When Controlling for a Systemic Effect? - A Randomised Paired Trial in Healthy Volunteers. [NCT02488473]	Phase 2	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam Versus a Combination of the Two as a Premedication for Children Undergoing Bilateral Myringotomy Tube Insertion: A Randomized, Blinded Study [NCT02134327]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to Decided not to proceed)
Comparative Study of the Effect of Three Different Analgesic Techniques on the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Scleral Buckling Under General Anesthesia [NCT03313479]		75 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2017-10-30	Not yet recruiting
Effect Of Dexmedetomidine Infusion On Surgical Pleth Index In Pediatrics Undergoing Hypospadias Repair; A Prospective Observational Study [NCT05727969]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-15	Recruiting
Neuroimaging Study of Dexmedetomidine-Induced Analgesia [NCT04656470]	Phase 2/Phase 3	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-04	Recruiting
The Effects of the Drugs Used in Hypotensive Anaesthesia on Cochlea [NCT02062333]	Phase 4	47 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intranasal Midazolam-ketamine Combination for Premedication of Pediatric Patients Undergoing Strabismus Surgery [NCT02072083]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Impacts of Aminophylline on Perioperative Lung Mechanics in COPD Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Double Blinded Trial [NCT06125665]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-11	Recruiting
Efficacy of Self-management of Sedative Therapy by Ventilated ICU Patients [NCT02819141]	Phase 2/Phase 3	190 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Recruiting
Intranasal Sedation With Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine in Pediatric Dentistry (NASO II): Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03290625]	Phase 4	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-09	Completed
A Phase I Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Healthy Subjects [NCT03293277]	Phase 1	48 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-07-26	Recruiting
Combined Dexmedetomidine and Glycopyrrolate Therapy for Prevention of Catheter Related Bladder Discomfort After Transurethral Bladder Surgery [NCT05013320]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to We could not get the IRB approval)
The Effect of Prophylactic Dexmedetomidine Administration on the Outcome in Patients Undergoing Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass [NCT03091166]	Phase 4	169 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-31	Completed
Risk Prediction and Consequences of Dexmedetomidine-associated Hemodynamic Instability in Intubated Mechanically Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Patients [NCT03285087]	Phase 2/Phase 3	250 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-30	Suspended(stopped due to dexmedetomidine is unavailable in this time)
Analgesic Duration of Interscalene Block After Outpatient Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery With Intravenous Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine or Their Combination: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03270033]	Phase 4	198 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-18	Completed
Adjuncts to Caudal Block in Pediatrics [NCT03261921]	Phase 1	63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-05	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction During One-lung Ventilation in Elder Patients -a Single-center, Randomized ,Double-blinded and Controlled Trial [NCT02134093]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Not yet recruiting
[NCT02239445]	Phase 4	158 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Completed
[NCT02253199]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion as an Adjuvant to General Anesthesia in Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting [NCT05577871]		36 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-01	Not yet recruiting
Impact of Continuous Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Postoperative Renal Function Among Patients Undergoing Kidney Transplantation: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05935293]	Phase 4	206 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Not yet recruiting
In Vitro Evaluation of Spontaneous and Oxytocin-induced Contractility of Pregnant Human Myometrium During Exposure to Dexmedetomidine [NCT05511415]		28 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-02	Recruiting
Controlling Rapid Atrial Fibrillation With Dexmedetomidine (C-RAD) Trial [NCT04042727]	Phase 2/Phase 3	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-21	Terminated(stopped due to Futility, as a result of CIVID-19 impact)
Does the Use of Dexmedetomidine for Premedication Provide Hemodynamic Stability in Hypertensive Patients? [NCT02058485]	Phase 3	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
Analgesic Efﬁcacy of Single-shot Adductor Canal Block With Levobupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine in Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04968392]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-01	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Combined Sedation With Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine in ICU Patients [NCT02080169]	Phase 4	600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Recruiting
SSEP Fluctuations Due to Dexmedetomidine During Posterior Spine Fusion [NCT03236727]	Phase 3	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
A Randomized Single-blind Clinical Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam in Painless Bronchoscopy [NCT04919174]	Phase 4	364 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-23	Recruiting
Comparison of the Postoperative Sleep Quality of Patients Sedation With i.v. Dexmedetomidine or Midazolam Undergoing Transurethral Prostatic Resection(TURP) [NCT02142595]	Phase 4	111 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine-ketamine Versus Propofol-ketamine for Sedation During Upper Gastro-intestinal Endoscopy in Hepatic Patients (a Comparative Randomized Study) [NCT04906772]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-02-03	Active, not recruiting
Anesthetic Advantages of Dexmedetomidine Compared With Nitroglycerin for Hypotensive Anesthesia in Orthognathic Surgery. A Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT02083055]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Added to Modified Pectoral's Block in Patient Undergoing Breast Cancer Surgery :A Comparative Study [NCT03046238]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-02-02	Recruiting
Preoperative Dexmedetomidine Reduces the EC50 of Propofol for Successful i-gelTM Insertion Without Muscle Relaxants [NCT02097407]	Phase 4	37 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Microcirculation in Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock [NCT02109965]	Phase 4	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Terminated
Comparing the Sedative Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Mechanically Ventilated Patients by Using Salivary Alpha-amylase as a Stress Marker: a Randomize Controlled Trial [NCT06098209]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-24	Recruiting
Moderate Sedation by Dexmedetomidine Versus General Anesthesia on the Diagnostic Yield of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05781035]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-04-01	Completed
Preoperative Dexmedetomidine Nebulization in Blunting Hemodynamic Stress Response to Laryngoscopy [NCT06103721]	Phase 4	126 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-21	Recruiting
Cognitive Outcomes After Dexmedetomidine Sedation in Cardiac Surgery Patients: CODEX Trial [NCT04289142]	Phase 4	2,400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-12-01	Recruiting
Sequential Use of Propofol/Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Mechenical Ventialtion Patients in ICU, A Randomized Controlled Study. [NCT02122055]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Not yet recruiting
The Effect of Adding Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine on Shoulder Tip Pain During Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy Under Bupivacaine Spinal Anaesthesia. Randomised Controlled Study. [NCT03172065]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-01	Completed
Effects of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Low Dose Hyperbaric 0.5% Bupivacaine on Hemodynamic Parameters in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate [NCT05993975]	Phase 4	108 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-20	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Triamcinolone Local Injection for Pain Alleviation in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; A Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT05624866]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-10	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Hyalase Local Injection for Pain Alleviation in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05280223]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-01	Completed
Evaluation of the Effects of Continuous Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Systemic Microvascular Function in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystecthomy: a Prospective Study [NCT04946396]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-01	Recruiting
Impact of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Outcomes in Elderly Patients After Cardiac Surgery: 6-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03289325]		285 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-05	Completed
Phase 3, Multi-center, Single-arm, Open-label Study Evaluating The Efficacy, Safety, And Pharmacokinetics Of Da-9501 (Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride) In Pediatric Subjects In The Intensive Care Unit [NCT02757625]	Phase 3	63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-20	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine vs Ketamine vs Midazolam Combined With Propofol in Gastrointestinal Procedures for Cancer Patients [NCT04597268]		75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-01	Completed
The Role of Dexmedetomidine as Myocardial Protector in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot [NCT05579964]	Phase 2/Phase 3	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-10-10	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine vs Propofol on the Recordings of Deep Brain Activity (Local Field Potentials) Measured Through Implanted Stimulators [NCT02256319]	Phase 4	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Completed
Evaluation of Role of Dexmedetomidine as a Sole Agent in Sedation of Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiological Interventional Procedures [NCT02180737]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Opioid Sparing Analgesia: Intraoperative Infusion Dexmedetomidine Versus Lidocaine for Intracranial Surgeries in Children [NCT04535089]	Phase 1/Phase 2	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-10-01	Completed
The Effects of Sedatives on Tobacco Use Disorder Version 2 [NCT05505630]	Early Phase 1	52 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-31	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine as an Additive to Topical Versus Peribulbar Anesthesia for Cataract Surgery [NCT05692167]	Phase 2	94 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-15	Recruiting
Use of Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Analgesia and Emergence Agitation for Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenotonsillectomy [NCT00468052]	Phase 3	122 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-03-31	Completed
Perioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve [NCT00561678]	Phase 4	404 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Population Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine in ICU Patients [NCT00714857]	Phase 2/Phase 3	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
Effective Dose of Dexmedetomidine or Midazolam in Monitored Anesthesia Care for Patients Undergoing Ophthalmologic Surgery With Retrobulbar Nerve Block [NCT04018703]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-11-01	Recruiting
A Comparative Study Between Dexmedetomidine, Ozone and Dexamethasone Local Injection in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome for Long- Term Pain Relief [NCT06133712]		135 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combined With Oxycodone for Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients With Liver Cancer: a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT06003218]		88 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-16	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl for Sedation of Postoperative Mechanically Ventilated Neonates [NCT05324891]	Phase 2	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
PERIOPERATIVE EFFECTS OF ORAL DEXMEDETOMIDINE, KETAMINE, OR MIDAZOLAM PREMEDICATION IN CHILDREN UNDERGOING ADENOTONSILLECTOMY [NCT05874245]	Phase 4	222 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-01	Recruiting
The Influence of Perioperative Administration of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammation Response and Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Robot or Laparoscopic Assisted Gastrectomy; Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03960775]		84 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-30	Completed
Comparative Study on Development of Paradoxical Excitement Response During Sedation Using Dexmedetomidine or Propofol in Hazardous Alcohol Drinkers [NCT02197403]	Phase 4	110 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Sufentanil for Postoperative Intravenous Analgesia in Neurosurgery: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT02552459]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Recruiting
Comparison of Polysomnographic Findings in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Sedated With α2 Agonists Versus GABA Agonists [NCT00826553]	Phase 1	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to poor recruitment)
Dexmedetomidine Versus Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine for Ultrasound-guided Intermediate Cervical Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Thyroidectomy [NCT05793060]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-15	Recruiting
Prevention of NMDA Antagonist-induced Psychosis and Memory Impairment in Children [NCT00205712]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-02-28	Completed
Effects of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine on the Perioperative Clinical Profile of Bupivacaine-induced Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section [NCT02365857]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
Can we Get Conscious Sedation in Optimal Safety Conditions in an Emergency Department, by Combining Dexmedetomidine With Alfentanil? [NCT02358057]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-02-28	Completed
the Ethnic Committee of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital [NCT02833688]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-02	Completed
Glymphatic Clearance During Anesthesia and Sleep: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Study in Humans [NCT02768688]	Early Phase 1	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Effects of Preanesthetic Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Responses to Endotracheal Intubation in Elderly Patients Being Treated for Hypertension: A Randomized Trial [NCT02768610]	Phase 4	2 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
A Qualitative Comparison of Two Anesthetic Techniques in Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging [NCT00894751]	Phase 1	98 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to low enrollment and high participant withdraw)
Platform Adaptive Embedded Trial for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [NCT05658692]	Phase 4	1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-01	Recruiting
Effectiveness of Sublingual Versus Intranasal Administration of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation of Children Undergoing Dental Treatment (A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial) [NCT04237532]	Phase 2/Phase 3	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-27	Completed
Opioid Sparing Analgesia Continuous Intraoperative Infusion of Dexmedetomidine Versus Lidocaine for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy a Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial [NCT05788393]	Phase 4	64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-01	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Effects on Microelectrode Recording in Deep Brain Stimulation [NCT00608231]	Phase 2/Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Intraoperative recording could not be maintained for required period)
Intraoperative and Postoperative Effects of Adjuvant Dexmedetomidine and Tramadol in Subcostal Transversus Abdominis Plan Block [NCT05905757]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-03-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine vs Propofol Sedation Reduces Postoperative Delirium in Patients Receiving Hip Arthroplasty. [NCT02793986]		296 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
The Application of Anesthesia Depth Monitoring on Post-operative Cognitive Dysfunction for Patients With Hydrocephalus Receiving Ventricular-peritoneal Shunt Surgery and Associated Change in CSF Metabolomics and Glymphatic Function. [NCT06005363]		48 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-01	Recruiting
Ketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant in Ultrasound-guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block [NCT04508894]		75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-21	Completed
The Effects of Different Dexmedetomidine on the Propofol Requirement for Loss of Consciousness Undergoing Bispectral Index [NCT02783846]		73 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
The Influence of Intraoperative Sedative on Postoperative Pain in Total Knee Arthroplasty Under Spinal Anesthesia: Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine and Propofol [NCT02784626]	Phase 4	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
Bioavailability of Subcutaneously Given Dexmedetomidine in Healthy Volunteers [NCT02724098]	Phase 4	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Completed
[NCT02709200]		0 participants (Actual)	Observational	2016-02-29	Withdrawn(stopped due to Unable to enroll subjects.)
A Sequential Allocation Study to Determine the ED50 of Dexmetedomidine as an Adjuvant to Lidocaine Intravenous Regional Anesthesia [NCT05342870]		23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-08-31	Completed
[NCT02848157]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-17	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol Sedation in Flexible Bronchoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04211298]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-12-01	Recruiting
The Correlation of Narcotrend Index and OAA/S Scale in Monitoring Sedation Level With Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine [NCT02845661]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Recruiting
[NCT02670954]		154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-31	Completed
A Comparative Study Between Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam as Adjuvant to Bupivacaine During Epidural Anesthesia For Elective Gynecological Operations [NCT04174872]	Phase 4	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-01	Completed
Optimal Single-dose Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia After Lower Limb Surgery [NCT02660658]		15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
A Prospective Study Comparing Total Intravenous Anesthesia With Propofol and Remifentanil vs. Propofol and Dexmedetomidine in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients Undergoing Posterior Spinal Fusion and Instrumentation [NCT06096181]	Phase 2	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-31	Not yet recruiting
Intranasal Ketamine With Dexmedetomidine for the Treatment of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder [NCT03434366]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-01-20	Suspended(stopped due to The effects are not good)
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Unilateral Total Knee Replacement - a Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT02648958]		68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine for Delirium Prevention in Mechanically Ventilated Septic Patients in Intensive Care Unit: a Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial [NCT04876937]		116 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-28	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Desflurane Consumption and Hemodynamics During BIS Guided Laparoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT02652312]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Completed
A Randomized, Double-blind Study of Ketamine / Dexmedetomidine vs. Placebo / Dexmedetomidine as Adjunctive Therapies for Severe Alcohol Withdrawal [NCT02823977]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-28	Withdrawn(stopped due to Funding not obtained)
Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Development of Acute Kidney Injury Following Cytoreduction and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: a Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT02641938]	Phase 4	38 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-31	Completed
Intra-articular Dexamethasone vs Intra-articular Dexamedetomidine [NCT02818985]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Outcome in Elderly Patients After Noncardiac Surgery: 3-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02809937]	Phase 4	700 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for Non-invasive Ventilation After Chest Trauma (VENDETTA) [NCT02537366]	Phase 4	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Esketamine Combined With Dexmedetomidine for Sedation Iof Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the ICU: a Prospective, Randomized, Single-center Study [NCT05466708]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-08-31	Not yet recruiting
DEXMEDETOMIDINE OPIOID SPARING EFFECT IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED CHILDREN: Phase 1b, Multicenter, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Dose Escalating Trial of Fentanyl vs. Fentanyl + Dexmedetomidine as the Initial Regimen for Maintenance of Sedation in Mec [NCT03938857]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-18	Terminated(stopped due to Enrollment challenging during the pandemic COVID 19)
Sedation of Ventilated Traumatic Brain Injury Patients With Midazolam Alone Versus Combination With Dexmedetomidine or Magnesium Sulfate; Monitored by Ultrasonograghic Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter [NCT05340803]	Phase 3	108 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-01	Not yet recruiting
The Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Rectal Dexmedetomidine Niosomes Administered for Postoperative Analgesia in Pediatric Cancer Patients. [NCT05340725]	Phase 2/Phase 3	45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-01	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Lung Resection Surgery [NCT04007341]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-29	Completed
Comparison of Nebulized Fentanyl, Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine as a Sedative Premedication in Outpatient Pediatric Dental Surgeries : A Randomized Double Blind Study. [NCT04226885]		39 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-01	Completed
Comparing Analgesic Requirements in Patients Receiving Nuss Operation Using Remifentanil or Dexmedetomidine as Anesthetic Adjuvants [NCT04073758]		62 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-02	Enrolling by invitation
Different Modalities of Analgesia in Open Heart Surgeries in Mansoura University: Randomized Prospective Comparative Study [NCT04223219]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-10	Active, not recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine During Opioid Free Anesthesia on Postoperative Recovery After Gastrectomy : A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04529135]		68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-08-26	Completed
Efficacy of Single Level Versus Bilevel Serratus Anterior Plane Block With Dexmedetomidine During Breast Cancer Surgery [NCT05361837]		172 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-10	Recruiting
[NCT02741219]	Phase 4	225 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Completed
Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Using Bupivacaine Alone or Added Dexmedetomidine for Ultrasound Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Thoracotomy [NCT02544893]	Phase 4	93 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Single Bolus Dose of Ketodex Versus Ketofol For Prevention Of Emergence Agitation In Adults Undergoing Nasal Surgeries [NCT04018157]	Early Phase 1	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-07-03	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Pentobarbital Sedation Protocol for Non-painful Procedural Sedation in Pediatrics [NCT00878345]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to Study was never opened)
Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulfate in Controlled Hypotension During Rhinoplasty Surgeries [NCT05880693]	Phase 1	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-01	Completed
Comparison of Patients' Satisfaction Between Dexmedetomidine and Remimazolam Anesthesia in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Catheter Ablation [NCT05864404]		142 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-24	Recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Oxygen and Intrapulmonary Shunt During One Lung Ventilation in Pediatric Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04932746]		110 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Patients With Chronic Insomnia and Its Influence on Circadian Rhythm:Randomized Clinical Trial, Double Blind [NCT04635098]		64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-14	Active, not recruiting
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety Profile of Understudied Drugs [NCT04278404]		5,000 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-03-05	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine to Prevent Shivering Associated With Intrathecal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroscopy:A Randomized, Controlled Double Blinded Study. [NCT06082076]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-30	Not yet recruiting
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Improving Quality of the Operative Field in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Randomized Triple-Blind Trial [NCT06081933]	Phase 4	54 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-20	Recruiting
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Sublingual Ketorolac Compared to Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Bilateral Myringotomy [NCT03742180]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Unavailable drug in Egypt.)
Interest of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine (Dexdor®) in the Knee Replacement Surgery Performed Under Locoregional Anesthesia: a Randomized, Double Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT03834129]	Phase 3	94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-13	Completed
An Intraoperative Infusion of Dexmedetomidine Reduces the Opioid Requirements for Pediatric Patients Undergoing Hypospadias Surgery [NCT00926705]	Phase 3	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-06-30	Completed
A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study on the Use of Dexmedetomidine to Facilitate Extubation in Surgical Intensive-Care-Unit Patients Who Failed Previous Weaning Attempts [NCT00464490]		42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-11-30	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of eligible participants)
Sleep Intervention During Acute Lung Injury [NCT01050699]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine vs Placebo in ERCP Sedation.A Randomized Pilot Study [NCT01070680]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
The Analgesic Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as a Local Anesthetic Adjunct in Ankle Blocks for Forefoot Surgery. A Dose Ranging Study. [NCT02170948]		12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Recruitment was very low)
Comparison Of Dexmedetomidine, Fentanyl And Lignocaine In Attenuation Of Hemodynamic Response To Direct Laryngoscopy And Intubation In Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy [NCT04138472]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-10-30	Recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Infusion During Flexible Bronchoscoy and Endobronchical Ultrasound [NCT00691886]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to PI left institution prior to enrollment)
Comparison of Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Melatonin for Sleep Induction for Electroencephalography in Children [NCT04665453]		150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-09-01	Completed
Comparison of Esmolol and Dexmedetomidine on Sympathetic Control During Intracranial Procedures [NCT02563288]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Recruiting
The Effect of Early Goal Directed Sedation on Microcirculation in Septic Shock Patients With Mechanical Ventilation [NCT02612363]	Phase 4	25 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Recruiting
The Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine in Children [NCT00909935]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2011-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to unable to enroll enough patients)
[NCT02537249]		111 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Articaine and Dexmedetomidine - Supplemented Articaine for Arteriovenous Fistula Creation Under Ultrasound- Guided Supraclavicular Block [NCT04171349]	Early Phase 1	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-01	Completed
[NCT02643017]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-11	Completed
Turning Dexmedetomidine Into a Powerful Anesthetic That Can be Rapidly and Completely Reversed [NCT04942340]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-05-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Withdrawn secondary to a change in protocol design forthcoming.)
Does Continuous Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion Reduce Time to Discharge in Patients Undergoing Major Lumbar Fusion? A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study [NCT00808665]	Phase 4	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-06-30	Completed
the Effect of Different Drugs and Infusion Ways on Degree of Comfort for Patients Undergoing Spinal Neoplasm Surgery [NCT04111328]	Phase 4	600 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-10-08	Completed
Cognitive Protection - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve [NCT00455143]	Phase 4	27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-09-30	Terminated(stopped due to Pilot study initiated to provide support data for main grant GCO 06-0217 funded. only baseline characteristic data collected. no results for this study.)
Characterizing the Neuropharmacology of Dexmedetomidine Through Trimodal Imaging [NCT05435560]	Early Phase 1	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-12	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic Analysis for Dosing Strategy and Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in Children [NCT04027829]	Phase 2	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-14	Completed
Effect of Laparoscopic-Guided Transversus Abdominus Plane (TAP) Block on Opioid Consumption Using Dual-Adjunct Therapy With Dexmedetomidine and Dexamethasone Versus Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel®) Following Minimally Invasive Colorectal Surgery: A Single [NCT05216055]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-19	Withdrawn(stopped due to No Accrual. PI left Institution)
Prospective, Double Blinded,Randomized Controlled Trial of Dexmedetomidine Versus Chloral Hydrate for Pediatric Sedation During EEG [NCT00464451]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Unable to obtain approval from FDA for use of chloral hydrate)
Dexmedetomidine vs. Propofol for Monitored Anesthesia Care During Cataract [NCT00786370]	Phase 4	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
Effect of Propofol-Dexmedetomidine Total Intravenous Anaesthesia on Cerebral Oxygenation and Metabolism During Brain Tumor Resection Compared to Sevoflurane Anaesthesia [NCT02575521]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Analyzing the Neuroprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Terms of Preserving Brain Functional Connectivity in Elderly Patients After Major Surgery [NCT04973124]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-16	Recruiting
Stress Response in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: a Prospective Randomized Comparison Between Low Dose Fentanyl (LDF), Low Dose Fentanyl Plus Dexmedetomidine (LDF + Dex) and High Dose Fentanyl (HDF). [NCT00848393]	Phase 2	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
[NCT02581566]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Completed
The Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Dexmedetomidine in Neonates Following Open Heart Surgery [NCT00576381]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-04-30	Completed
Effect Of Dexmedetomidine Infusion On Sublingual Microcirculation In Patients Undergoing On Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery [NCT02714725]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
Susceptibility of Motor-Evoked Potentials to Varying Targeted Blood Levels of Dexmedetomidine [NCT00671931]	Phase 1	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
Subarachnoidal Anesthesia: Dexmedetomidine vs Fentanyl Plus Hyperbaric Bupivacaine for Lower Abdomen Surgery [NCT02582372]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Efficacy of Premedication Between Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam Intranasal for the Prevention of Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgery [NCT04263844]	Phase 4	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-10	Completed
Prevalence of Postoperative Delirium According to the Use of Dexmedetomidine or Propofol in Elderly Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: Retrospective Study [NCT02573558]		855 participants (Actual)	Observational	2015-10-31	Completed
Influence of Sedation Strategies on Hospital LOS and ICU LOS in Patients After Cardiac Surgery With Cardiac Pulmonary Bypass. Comparison of Propofol-based, Dexmedetomidine-based Sedation or Their Combination. [NCT05809518]		194 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-01	Completed
Adjunct Dexmedetomidine Therapy Impact on Sedative and Analgesic [NCT00852046]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-02-28	Withdrawn(stopped due to PI resigned.)
Effect of Mini-dose Dexmedetomidine-Esketamine Infusion on Sleep Quality in Older Patients Undergoing Knee or Hip Replacement Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05950646]	Phase 4	154 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Recruiting
The Effect of Esmolol Versus Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Pain Control in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Randomized Trial [NCT05703048]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-30	Recruiting
Comparison of Oral Chloral Hydrate and Combination of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine for Rescue After Failed Pediatric Procedural Sedation: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04822064]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-22	Recruiting
A Partially Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled, Placebo-Controlled Study, a Phase III Trial of Safety and Efficacy of Premedication With Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam in Pediatric Patients [NCT04356638]	Phase 3	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-10-17	Recruiting
Comparison of Caudal Block Versus Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Hypospadias Repair Surgery [NCT04331418]		135 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-28	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Oxygenation and Lung Mechanics in Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Operations: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02843698]	Phase 4	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Completed
Pain Management Following Myringotomy and Tube Placement: Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl [NCT01188551]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-01-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulfate as an Adjuvant to Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine for Pain Relief in Children Undergoing Laparoscopic Herniorrhaphy: a Randomized Controlled Study. [NCT02820610]	Phase 2	97 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Cardiovascular Safety of Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Burn Patients. [NCT00697788]	Phase 2	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-07-16	Completed
Perioperative Multimodal General Anesthesia Focusing on Specific CNS Targets in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgeries [NCT04016740]	Early Phase 1	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-20	Completed
The Neural Mechanisms of Anesthesia and Human Consciousness (Part 6) [NCT02624401]	Phase 4	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
Evaluation Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine to Bupivacaine for Paravertebral Block in Femoral Fractures [NCT02801188]		88 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-01	Completed
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Intestine and Other Organ Damages After Cardiac Surgeries [NCT02786212]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Recruiting
The Effect of Dexamedetomidine for Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block on Plasma Cortisol and IL-6 After Rotator Cuff Repair: a Prospective Randomized Study [NCT02766556]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Completed
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Tourniquet Pain Associated With Lower Extremity Surgeries Under General Anesthesia in Same Day Elective Patients [NCT00932386]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-07-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to unable to secure funding for analysis of laboratory data.)
Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Postoperative Sedation of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit After Abdominal Surgery: Microcirculation, Kidney Injury, and Intestinal Injury [NCT02874768]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol for Prolonged Sedation in Critically Ill Trauma and Surgical Patients [NCT02548923]	Phase 4	57 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
Effect and Placental Transfer of Dexmedetomidine During Caesarean Section Under Epidural Anaesthesia [NCT02715154]	Phase 1	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Renal Function Recovery After Kidney Transplantation in Adult Patients: Double-Blinded, Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT02874378]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Recruiting
[NCT02698930]		94 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Recruiting
Efficacy of Erector Spinae Block With Ropivacaine and Dexmedetomidine on Opioid Consumption After Lumar Spine Surgeries - A Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT05664542]	Phase 4	42 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-15	Recruiting
Closed-Loop Delivery of Propofol and Remifentanil: Sparing Effect of Dexmedetomidine [NCT00921284]	Phase 3	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-06-30	Completed
Comparison of Propofol Standard Anesthetic to Precedex With Propofol for Emergence and Recovery in Patients Having Craniotomy Surgery [NCT00848991]	Phase 3	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-02-28	Completed
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Bupivacaine With Bupivacaine Alone on the Quality of Ultrasonography Guided Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block in Adults Undergoing Femur Fracture Fixation Surgery [NCT02658760]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Recruiting
Effectiveness of Peripheral Dexmedetomidine for Bilateral Third Molar Surgery Under General Anaesthesia [NCT00971178]	Phase 3	105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-02-28	Completed
Comparison of the Perioperative Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine Sedation in Septorhinoplasty Operations [NCT04628559]		63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-07-01	Completed
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Clinical Trial Program on the Effectiveness and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Injection for Sedation in Patients Without Tracheal Intubation [NCT04652427]		240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-20	Recruiting
The Effect of Intrathecal Versus Intravenous Dexmeditomedine on Postoperative Analgesia in Transurethral Resection of the Prostate [NCT04618965]	Phase 4	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-01	Not yet recruiting
Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of Dexmedetomidine in Deep Brain Stimulation Implantation of Patients With Parkinson's Disease [NCT05376761]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-31	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Sedation Versus General Anaesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Surgery on Peri-operative Outcomes and Neurocognitive Development in Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02559102]	Phase 3	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Completed
Superior Trunk Block Catheter Versus Single-shot Superior Trunk Block With Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Shoulder Arthroplasty [NCT05020821]		92 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-02	Completed
Comparing the Effect of Dexmedetomidine With Midazolam on Sedation, Oxidative Stress, and Microcirculation in Intensive Care Unit [NCT00886275]	Phase 4	33 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-07-31	Completed
Comparison Between Different Anaesthesia Techniques for Protecting Renal Function in Children Undergoing Radicle Nephrectomy [NCT05271253]	Phase 2/Phase 3	75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-04-10	Completed
Effects of Lidocaine, Dexmedetomidine, and Their Combination on Quality of Recovery Undergoing Laparoscopic Total Hysterectomy [NCT04706767]		160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-28	Completed
Effects of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine, Lidocaine and Their Combination on Postoperative Inflammation Cytokines After Laparoscopic Hysterectomy With General Anesthesia [NCT03276533]		160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthesia in Supraclavicular Plexus Block, A Randomized Control Trial. [NCT04981951]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-10-01	Recruiting
Midazolam With Meperidine and Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam With Meperidine for Sedation During ERCP [NCT01404689]	Phase 4	110 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Sedatives and Analgesics During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Support [NCT03593408]		20 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-02-08	Recruiting
Wound Infiltration With Dexmedetomidine in Cesarean Section: Effect on Postoperative Analgesia [NCT03382938]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-08-23	Recruiting
Whether Dexmedetomidine Can Improve the Prognosis of Elderly Patients With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction [NCT02923128]	Phase 4	240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Completed
Cerebral Protection of Dexmedetomidine Against Paroxysmal Sympathetic Overexcited in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury [NCT04006054]	Phase 4	82 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-06	Recruiting
The Effect of Opioid Free Anesthesia on the Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgeries: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04048200]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-01	Completed
Intravenous Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine on the Analgesic Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block for Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery [NCT04767256]		120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Respiratory Function and Inflammatory Responses in Patient With Sepsis Undergoing Cleaning Focus of Infection [NCT02842437]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Not yet recruiting
[NCT02607163]		108 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Patient Discomfort in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Under Spinal Anesthesia. A Randomized Control Study. [NCT04115449]	Phase 2/Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-11-15	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetic Study of Dexmedetomidine After Intra-nasal Dosing in Children [NCT02836431]	Phase 1	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
Effect of Nocturnal Low-dose Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Sleep Quality in Older Patients Undergoing Knee or Hip Replacement Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05246007]		432 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-31	Not yet recruiting
[NCT00800826]	Phase 4	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
The Effects of Preintubation Esmolol and and Dexmedotimidine on Ischmeia Modified Albumin Levels [NCT02844894]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Recruiting
Comparative Evaluation of Intrathecal Bupivacaine-fentanyl and Bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine for Elective Low Segment Caesarean Section [NCT04095013]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-02-01	Completed
[NCT02773017]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Not yet recruiting
Can Caudal Dexmedetomidine Prevents Sevoflurane Induced Emergence Agitation in Children [NCT02757495]	Phase 4	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Completed
Impact of Night-time Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Infusion on Sleep Quality of Patients With Mechanical Ventilation in ICU: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05718024]	Phase 4	174 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-31	Not yet recruiting
Effects of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Microcirculation and Kidney and Intestinal Injury in Kidney Transplant Recipients [NCT02707809]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Effectiveness of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Sedated Auditory Brainstem Response Testing [NCT03530371]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-02	Completed
Evaluation of a Single Intra-operative Dose of Dexmedetomidine on Post-operative Narcotic Requirements and Pain Scores in Bariatric Surgery Patients [NCT02604940]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Completed
Opioid Free Anaesthesia vs Opioid Based Anesthesia in Cleft Lip, Palate ,Alveolus Surgery. [NCT04081909]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-04	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Palatable Lidocaine Gel Versus Dexmedetomidine on Gag Reflex During Propofol Based Sedation for Patients Undergoing Elective Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04213833]		120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-01	Completed
Prospective Randomized Double Blind Study of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine and Postoperative Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Multi-level Thoraco-lumbar Spine Surgery [NCT01850017]	Phase 4	142 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-08-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Recovery Profiles of Elderly Patients [NCT01851005]		120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-05-31	Completed
A Study of the Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine in Morbid Obesity. [NCT01864187]	Phase 4	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Recruiting
Evaluation of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Use on Reducing Inflammatory Response Caused by Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patients Undergoing Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement [NCT05641064]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-22	Recruiting
[NCT01886079]	Phase 4	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-05-31	Recruiting
The Neural Mechanisms of Anesthesia and Human Consciousness (LOC-2013) [NCT01889004]	Phase 4	47 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Study of Dexmedetomidine for the Reversal of Cocaine's Effects on Myocardial Perfusion [NCT01927640]	Early Phase 1	115 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-01	Completed
The Effects of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Hemodynamic Stability During Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Pheochromocytoma: a Randomized Study [NCT06037135]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-03	Completed
Perineural Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine-induced Ultrasound-guided Femoral Nerve Block. [NCT01964040]	Phase 4	45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-08-31	Active, not recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Anaesthesia During IRE Procedures for Solid Tumours [NCT02044224]	Phase 4	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Effect of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Cerebral Oxygen Saturation and Postoperative Anxiety in Elderly Patients [NCT05640427]		105 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-22	Recruiting
Acute Neurological ICU Sedation Trial (ANIST) [NCT00390871]	Phase 2	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-05-31	Completed
Evaluation of Remifentanil and Dexmedetomidine in Patients With Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation Intolerance After Cardiac Surgery: a Multicenter, Prospective, Single-blind, Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04734418]		178 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-08	Recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Delirium Duration of Non-intubated ICU Patients (4D Trial) [NCT03317067]	Phase 3	151 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-21	Completed
Comparison of the Effects of Remifentanil and Dexmedetomidine Administered Under General Anesthesia in Rhinoplasty [NCT05572723]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-03-01	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [NCT01565590]	Phase 3	4 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Terminated(stopped due to Slow enrollment along with new competing studies, investigators decided to stop study)
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Cognitive Outcome and Brain Injury Markers After General Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery on Cardiopulmonary Bypass [NCT03585452]		23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-01	Completed
A Phase II, Open-Label, Multicenter, Escalating Dose, Study to Determine Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profile of Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Subjects Ages ≥ 2 Through < 17 Years Old [NCT00652028]	Phase 2	69 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Comparison Between Nalbuphine Versus Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Pediatrics During Sevoflurane Anesthesia: Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT05273671]	Phase 4	126 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-01	Recruiting
The Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacogenetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Dexmedetomidine In Infants Post-Operative From Cardiac Surgery [NCT00573066]	Phase 1	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-05-31	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Paravertebral Morphine Versus Dexmedetomidine on Acute and Chronic Pain [NCT02935933]	Phase 1/Phase 2	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Active, not recruiting
Role of Dexmedetomidine or Fentanyl as Additives to Epidural Levobupivacaine in Painless Labor: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04397406]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-07-01	Completed
Does Patient-Controlled Infraclavicular Perineural Dexmedetomidine Improve Postoperative Analgesia Deadline? [NCT02550782]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Ropivacaine for Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Block: Evaluation of Effect on Postoperative Pain After Breast Surgery: A Double-Blinded, Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04029467]	Phase 4	44 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-07-17	Recruiting
Comparison of Effects of Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Alone Versus Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Combined With Dexmedetomidine in Cesarean Section Deliveries [NCT05469529]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-15	Recruiting
The Effect and Safety of Different Sedation Strategies for Diagnostic Bronchoscopy [NCT03983889]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-17	Not yet recruiting
Phase 4 Study of Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Sedation in Patients Undergoing Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms [NCT00409344]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to Surgical approach changed therefore subject enrollment not possible.)
Effect of Dexmedetomidine vs Esmolol or Placebo on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Septic Shock: A Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT06169475]		14 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-01	Completed
Phase 4: The Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil on Postoperative Hemodynamics and Pain/Opioids in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy [NCT00335972]	Phase 4	142 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Terminated(stopped due to Closed due to lack of enrollment)
A Prospective, Double-blind Study of Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam for Intensive Care Sedation of Children [NCT01091818]	Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Recruiting
A Study to Assess Sedation Using Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy [NCT01887184]	Phase 3	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Sedation for Pediatric Computerized Tomography Imaging [NCT01900405]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2013-04-30	Recruiting
[NCT01917097]		921 participants (Actual)	Observational	2013-08-31	Completed
Phase 4 Study of Intra-articular Dexmedetomidine Adding to Levobupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Arthroscopic Knee Surgery [NCT01918917]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-07-31	Completed
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam as Intramuscular Premedication for Suspension Laryngoscopy [NCT01937611]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Recruiting
A Prospective, Multi-Centre, Randomised, Double-Blind Comparison of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine With Propofol/Midazolam for Continuous Sedation (24 Hours to 14 Days) of Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care Unit [NCT00226785]	Phase 3	900 participants	Interventional	2005-10-31	Terminated
[NCT01920113]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Completed
Phase 4 THE EFFECTS OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE ON EARLY STAGE RENAL FUNCTIONS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC ANGIOGRAPHY USING NON- IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA: A DOUBLE- BLIND, RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL [NCT01948336]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-04-30	Completed
To Observe the Hemodynamic Stability of Dexmedetomidine in Hypertensive Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. [NCT04646317]	Early Phase 1	44 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-30	Not yet recruiting
Comparison Between Magnesium Sulfate and Dexmedetomidine in Controlled Hypotension During Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Double-blind, Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT01956981]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
Comparison of Intraperitoneal Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine, and Dexamethasone-Dexmedetomidine Combination on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05988671]	Phase 3	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-10	Recruiting
Effects of Different Types of Anesthesia on Stress Response in Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Stress Response in Patients With Diabetic Undergoing Gastric-bypass Surgery [NCT01963546]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Recruiting
Phase 4 Study of Comparison of Preincisional Infiltrated Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine Plus Adrenaline for Surgical Conditions and Postoperative Analgesic Consumption in Nasal Sephoplasty Surgery. [NCT01964586]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Added to Lidocaine for Infra- and Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block [NCT01969903]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Withdrawn
A Randomized Control Trial Evaluating the Utility of Multimodal Opioid-free Anesthesia on Return of Bowel Function in Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery [NCT04144933]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-15	Recruiting
[NCT01979653]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Withdrawn
Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on the Analgesic Duration of Infraclavicular Block With Ropivacaine for Upper Limb Surgery: a Prospective, Randomized, Double Blind Study [NCT01981369]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Sedation During Intra-articular Joint Injections in Pediatric Population [NCT03069638]	Phase 4	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-01	Completed
Comparative Study of Hemodynamic Changes and Sedation Effect of Dexmedetomidine Versus Dexmedetomidine With Ketamine in Mechanically Ventilated ARDS Patients, Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05951387]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-01	Recruiting
The Effectiveness of Adding Dexmedetomidine to Alcohol in Splanchnic Nerve Neurolysis for the Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Cancer Pain. [NCT05291364]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-09-30	Completed
The Efficacy and Safety of Intratracheal Dexmedetomidine Versus Lidocaine for Smooth Tracheal Extubation in Patients Undergoing Eye-surgery. [NCT05291221]		120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-22	Completed
Ketofol vs Dexmedetomidine for Preventing Post-operative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Intestinal Obstruction Surgeries. A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04816162]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-25	Completed
Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Unilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Pediatrics [NCT04539314]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-01	Completed
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Long-term Survival in Elderly Patients After Cancer Surgery: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03012971]		1,500 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-06	Active, not recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of Ultrasound Guided Paravertebral Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Pain Relief in Video Assisted Thoracoscopy Surgery [NCT02886429]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Randomized, Parallelled and Double-blinded Trial of Small-dose Dexmedetomidine Effects on Recovery Profiles of Supratentorial Tumors Patients From General Anesthesia [NCT02007798]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Stress-induced Changes in Hemodynamics and Left Ventricular Function in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Outcome [NCT05778305]	Early Phase 1	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-29	Recruiting
[NCT02013570]	Phase 4	71 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Completed
Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Patients Requiring Sedation for MRI Scanning [NCT01152021]	Phase 3	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Terminated(stopped due to Publication of a similar study. Not ethical to continue.)
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Periprocedural Pain During Radiofrequency Ablation of Liver and Kidney Tumours [NCT02016391]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
Comparative Study Between the Hemodynamic Responses of Dexmedetomidine, Lidocaine or Propofol Infusions During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy [NCT05937282]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-01	Recruiting
UROLOGICAL SURGERIES IN CHILDREN: Comparison Between 0.25% Bupivacaine and 0.25% Bupivacaine withDexmedetomidine in the Caudal Block [NCT05919173]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-10	Completed
Nasal Packing Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine in Turbinate Surgeries: A Randomized Double-Blinded Trial [NCT05911776]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-30	Recruiting
Time to Post-Anesthesia Neurological Evaluation and Hemodynamic Stability in Carotid Endarterectomy Comparing Three General Anesthetic Techniques Targeted to a Preset Bispectral Index Value: a Pilot Study [NCT03996148]	Phase 4	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-29	Completed
Comparison Between TIVA Using Propofol or Dexmedetomidine Versus Sevoflurane During Anaesthesia of Children Undergoing Bone-Marrow Aspiration [NCT05636566]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-02-15	Completed
Dexmedetomidine-ketamine Combination Versus Fentanyl-midazolam for Patient Sedation During Flexible Bronchoscopy: a Prospective, Single-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06185127]	Phase 3	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-01	Completed
Impact of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Survival in Older Patients After Cancer Surgery: a Multicenter Randomized Trial [NCT06030804]		4,532 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-12	Recruiting
Comparing Intravenous Versus Nebulized Either Lidocaine or Dexmedetomidine for Attenuation of the Hemodynamic Responses to Laryngoscopy and Intubation [NCT05941767]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-07-12	Active, not recruiting
Mechanism of Cardiac and Cerebral Function Injury in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease Caused by Intraoperative Limb Ischemia-reperfusion and Perioperative Organ Function Protection Strategy [NCT05661227]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Recruiting
IV Dexmedetomidine as Spinal Anesthesia Adjuvant in Infants : RACHI_dex [NCT04598061]		210 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-10-01	Recruiting
Effect of Epidural Dexmedetomidine VS Nalbuphine for Labor Analgesia [NCT05327088]	Phase 2	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-12	Completed
Impact of Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Patients After Cardiac Surgery: a Randomized, Double-blinded, and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial [NCT02267538]	Phase 4	285 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Cardiac Electrophysiology in Patients Under General Anesthesia During Perioperative Period [NCT04577430]		81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-08	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Sedation and Analgesia During Pediatric Emergency Room Procedures: Randomized Double-blinded Clinical Trial [NCT03564093]	Phase 4	112 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-03-15	Recruiting
Magnesium Sulphate vs Dexmedetomidine in Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Adults After Nasal Surgeries. [NCT04531371]	Phase 1	105 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Recruiting
Does Administration of Dexmedetomidine Guided by Entropy/SPI Reduce the Requirement of Propofol and Remifentanil as Well as Increase the Quality of Recovery Profile? [NCT02818621]		64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Recruiting
Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Versus Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery [NCT02213159]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Effect of Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine on Heart Function - A Randomized MRI-based Study. [NCT04529187]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Completed
Efficacy of Adding Dexmedetomidine Versus Ibuprofen as an Adjuvant to Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine for Pain Control After Laparoscopic Gynecological Procedures: a Double-blind Randomized Comparative Study [NCT06046105]	Phase 2/Phase 3	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-15	Not yet recruiting
A Phase Ib/II, Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Ascending Dose Finding, Efficacy, Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study of BXCL501 In Agitation Associated With Dementia [NCT04251910]	Phase 1/Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-27	Completed
Impact of Low-dose Dexmedetomidine on Outcomes of Elderly Admitted to ICU After Noncardiac Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04204798]		1,410 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-28	Recruiting
Neurodevelopmental Outcome After Standard Dose Sevoflurane Versus Low-dose Sevoflurane/Dexmedetomidine/Remifentanil Anaesthesia in Young Children- The TREX Trial [NCT03089905]	Phase 3	450 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-10	Active, not recruiting
A Phase III Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Determine Efficacy and Safety of BXCL501 In Agitation Associated With Bipolar Disorder [NCT04276883]	Phase 3	380 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-24	Completed
The Comparison of Antiarrhythmic and Myocardial Protective Effect Between Lidocaine, Dexmedetomidine, and Their Combined Infusion in Subjects Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft [NCT01688648]		160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Completed
[NCT01687868]		19 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Comparison of Remifentanil-dexmedetomidine and Dexmedetomidine-fentanyl Sedation Protocols for Pregnant Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Fetoscopic Procedures [NCT05654064]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to Deferred by IRB.)
Dex vs Dazzle: Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam for Intraoperative Sedation [NCT02878837]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
Intrathecal Morphine Versus Morphine-dexmedetomidine Combination for Postoperative Pain Control After Total Knee Replacement [NCT05439564]		105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-07-01	Completed
The Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine Infusion on the Patients Undergoing Radical Mastectomy: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04048226]	Phase 4	98 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-01	Completed
Ultrasound Guided Motor Sparing Knee Blocks With or Without Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia Following Knee Arthroplasty: a Randomized Double Blinded Study [NCT02540070]	Phase 3	135 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine as Anesthetic Coadjuvant on Plasmatic Cortisol Response in Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumors [NCT02549768]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Recruiting
Intra-articular Versus Intravenous Administration of Dexmedetomidine in Arthroscopic Knee Surgeries: A Prospective Randomized Study [NCT02730845]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-01	Completed
Transbucal Dexmedetomidine for the Prevention of Emergence Agitation After Sevoflurane Anaesthesia in Pre-school Children [NCT02720705]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine or Oral Midazolam Alone Versus Combination With Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Oral Midazolam for Premedication in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Minor Surgery [NCT04135014]	Phase 4	138 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-10-25	Recruiting
A Dose - Dependent Study of Dexmedetomidine in Suppressing Cardiovascular and Hormonal Responses for Cesarean Delivery [NCT01005433]	Phase 1	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Use in ICU Sedation and Postoperative Recovery in Elderly Patients and Post-cardiac Surgery [NCT02699801]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
A Comparative Study Between the Use of Dexmedetomidine Versus Dexamethasone as Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Post-operative Pain Relief in Patients Undergoing Lower Open Abdominal Surgeries [NCT05323565]	Phase 4	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-01	Active, not recruiting
Utility of Oral Dexmedetomidine as the Sole Sedative Agent in Pediatric Population Undergoing MRI [NCT05619627]	Phase 1	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-02-01	Not yet recruiting
Sedating Effects of Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam in Agitated Patients Undergoing Weaning in ICU [NCT05264077]	Early Phase 1	66 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-01	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Lung Protection Following Thoracic Aorta Surgery With Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest: a Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT02678728]	Phase 4	52 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Completed
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF ORAL CHLORAL HYDRATE VERSUS INTRANASAL DEXMEDETOMIDINE FOR SEDATED ABR EXAMS. [NCT01255904]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
The Anxiolytic Effect of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Severely Anxious Patients in Dental Treatments [NCT05500261]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-01	Not yet recruiting
The Neuroprotective Effects of Dexmedetomidine During Brain Surgery [NCT02878707]		160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-24	Completed
A Prospective, Double Masked, up and Down Sequential Method to Estimate the Median Effective Dose of Dexmedetomidine in Elective Upper Limb Lidocaine Intravenous Regional Anesthesia [NCT04304157]	Phase 4	81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-01	Completed
Treatment of Supraventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Non-cardiac Surgery by Dexmedetomidine During the Perioperative Period [NCT04284150]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-02-26	Not yet recruiting
To Compare Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam for Intra-op Sedation in TIVA in Children Undergoing Inguinal Hernia Repair [NCT05337085]	Phase 1	185 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-30	Not yet recruiting
Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Ropivacaine-induced Supraclavicular Plexus Block, a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT02630290]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-31	Completed
Ultrasound-Guided Continuous Serratus Anterior Plane Block Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Pain Control in Patients With Multiple Rib Fractures: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT05965895]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-01	Recruiting
Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl With Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Children Undergoing Major Abdominal Cancer Surgery [NCT02861716]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Recruiting
Influence of Gender on Interaction of Propofol and Dexmedetomidine [NCT02853864]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
The Effect of Subtenon and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: A Comparative Randomized Controlled Double Blind Study [NCT04668456]	Phase 3	75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-08-15	Active, not recruiting
Levobupivacaine Versus Levobupivacaine - Dexmedetomidine for Ultrasound Guided Bilateral Superficial Cervical Plexus Block for Upper Tracheal Resection and Reconstruction Surgery Under General Anesthesia [NCT03426527]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-01	Completed
Recovery Profiles After c Spine Surgery: With or Without Dexmedetomidine as an Anesthetic Adjuvant [NCT02819089]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Recruiting
Impacts of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant for Femoral Nerve Block on Functional Recovery in Aged Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Randomized, Double-blinded, Controlled Trial [NCT04642651]	Phase 4	170 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-25	Completed
Effect of Nebulized Lidocaine, Dexmedetomedine and Their Combination on Haemodynamics During Direct Laryngoscopy Surgery. A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. [NCT04659057]	Phase 4	180 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-12	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to General Anesthesia on Intelligence Development in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: a Randomized, Double-blind and Placebo-controlled Pilot Trial [NCT02810899]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Co-administration of Dexmedetomidine in Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA) With Intraoperative SSEP and MEP Monitoring: A Single-centre Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04662177]	Phase 4	23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-21	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Adjuvant Treatment for Depressed Patients Undergoing ECT: A Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Randomized Feasibility Study Protocol [NCT04661475]	Phase 4	76 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Not yet recruiting
Remifentanil-dexmedetomidine Anesthesia as an Alternative Anesthetic for Elective Pediatric Surgery: a Pilot Study. [NCT02799589]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Difficulty in recruitment)
Study on Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Nasal Spray for Preoperative Sedation in Children [NCT04200235]	Phase 1	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-06	Completed
Attenuation of Airway and Cardiovascular Responses to Extubation in Chronic Smokers by Prior Treatment With Dexmedetomidine, Fentanyl and Their Combination [NCT04659642]	Early Phase 1	66 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-30	Recruiting
Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine-midazolam Combination and Propofol-midazolam Combination for MRI Brain in Paediatric Patient [NCT02776189]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl Versus Intravenous Midazolam and Ketamine in Sedation for Painful Outpatient Procedures [NCT04621110]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Not yet recruiting
Restorative Sleep: Effect of Dexmedetomidine [NCT00333632]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Withdrawn
Effect Of Dexmedetomidine, Dexamethasone And Ondansetron On Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting In Children Undergoing Dental Rehabilitation [NCT05124067]	Phase 1	4 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-27	Completed
A Randomized, Double-blind Trial in Ventilated ICU Patients Comparing Treatment With an Alpha2 Agonist Versus a Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)-Agonist to Determine Delirium Rates, Efficacy of Sedation, Analgesia and Discharge Cognitive Status [NCT00095251]	Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2004-08-31	Completed
An Optimum Time for Intravenous Cannulation After General Anesthesia Induction With Sevoflurane and Nitrous Oxide in Children Undergoing Elective Surgery With Dexmedetomidine Premedication [NCT05139212]		40 participants (Actual)	Observational	2021-12-02	Completed
Comparision of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine With Low Dose Bupivacaine in Selective Spinal Anesthesia for Transurethral Resection of Prostate in Elderly Males. [NCT04037774]	Phase 4	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-09-02	Recruiting
Sedation and Physiologic Response to Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo Controlled Crossover Trial [NCT02773797]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Withdrawn
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter During Laparoscopic Anterior Resection [NCT02753205]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Withdrawn
Dexmedetomidine Based Versus Propofol Based Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Coronary Revascularization: a Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Study [NCT02727621]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine vs. Midazolam Sedation in Patients Undergoing Convex-probe Endobronchial Ultrasound: a Randomized Double Blind Trial [NCT02713191]	Phase 2/Phase 3	197 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
Pharmacodynamic Interactions of Propofol and Dexmedetomidine on Target-controlled Infusion Intravenous Anesthesia During the Induction [NCT02777619]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Completed
Effects Of Propofol-Dexmedetomıdıne And Propofol- Remıfentanıl On Recovery And Hemodynamıcs In Hysteroscopıc Operations, That One Of The Ambulatory Anesthesıa Practices: A Randomızed Controlled Study [NCT05674201]		2 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2021-06-17	Completed
Perioperative Use of Ketamine Infusion vs Dexmedetomidine Infusion as Analgesic in Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery [NCT04576975]	Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-04-20	Active, not recruiting
Comparing the Hemodynamic Effects of Epinephrine Versus Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Caudal Anaesthesia Assessed by Cardiometry: a Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Study [NCT05860010]		39 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-05	Not yet recruiting
Optimal Dose of Dexmedetomidine for Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion During Propofol Induction [NCT01852539]	Phase 4	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-07-31	Completed
[NCT01857141]		38 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Completed
The Effects of Postoperative Dexmedetomidine Sedation to Haemodynamics During Extubation [NCT01871129]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
A Phase 3, Open-Label Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in ICU Subjects Requiring Greater Than 24 Hours of Continuous Sedation [NCT00526760]	Phase 3	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
The Perioperative Use of Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulfate Compared With Traditional Anesthetic Technique for Open Resection of Pheochromocytoma. [NCT04320589]	Phase 2	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-30	Completed
Analgesic Efficacy of Ropivacaine Alone or in Combination With Adjuvants on Post-operative Analgesia Following Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) - A Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT03809442]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-25	Recruiting
Dexamethasone vs. Dexmedetomidine for Erector Spine Plane Block in Pain Management After Pediatric Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery. [NCT06086431]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Not yet recruiting
Cardioprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Patients With ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a Double-Blind, Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT04912518]		250 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-27	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine to Reduce the Incidence of Persistent Cognitive Dysfunction After Open Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Randomized Trial [NCT03480061]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-09	Active, not recruiting
Does Dexmedetomidine Decrease the Incidence of Untoward Airway Events After Deep or Awake Extubation in Patients Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy With or Without Myringotomy and Tube Placement? [NCT02162433]	Phase 4	92 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to Terminated due to a high number of protocol deviations secondary to non-study approved opioid administration.)
Traitement Des Frissons Lors de la césarienne Sous anesthésie péridurale Durant le Travail - un Essai Clinique randomisé Comparant la dexmédétomidine et la mépéridine [NCT03115047]	Phase 3	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-07	Completed
Comparison of Two Sedation Regimens for Awake Fiberoptic Intubation [NCT05736198]		96 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-06-12	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of the Upper Airway Patency by Dexmedetomidine and Propofol Used for Sedation [NCT02993718]		52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Pretreatment on The Effective Dose of Remimazolam Tosilate Inhibiting Cardiovascular Response to Intubation of Double-Lumen Endobronchial Tubes: A Clinical Research [NCT05631028]		115 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-12-01	Completed
Cocaine and Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Humans [NCT00338546]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Withdrawn
Comparison of Subcostal Transversus Abdominis Block With Intraperitoneal Instillation of Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine for Pain Relief After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Trial [NCT04715165]	Phase 2	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-07	Recruiting
PRO-DEFENSE: Propofol Versus Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Sepsis [NCT02203019]	Phase 4	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Completed
A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Arm Parallel, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine in the Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Subjects Undergoing Heart Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypa [NCT00464763]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to The incidence of post-operative delirium observed from interim blinded data in DEX-06-09 was significantly lower than the current literature in this population.)
Comparison of Doses of Dexmedetomidine With Bupivacaine in Caudal Block for Duration of Analgesia in Paediatric Infraumblical Surgeries. [NCT04700228]	Phase 4	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-28	Enrolling by invitation
A Prospective, Multi-centre, Randomised, Double-blind Comparison of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine With Propofol for Continuous Sedation of Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care Unit [NCT00479661]	Phase 3	500 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-05-31	Completed
Effectiveness of Nebulized Dexmedetomidine for Treatment of Post-Dural Puncture Headache in Parturients Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04327726]		43 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-05-01	Completed
Influence of Dexmedetomidine on the Evoked Potentials During Spine Surgery [NCT00494832]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Children [NCT02955732]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine as Adjunct Medication to Local Infiltration Anesthesia (LIA) vs Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia (USRA) in Regard to Patients' Need for Opioids, Wellbeing, Satisfaction, and Knee Functionality in Knee-endoprosthetics [NCT04697537]	Phase 3	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-01	Completed
Opioid Free Versus Opioid Based Anaesthesia for Secondary Free Flap Reconstruction Surgery of the Breast: A Phase III Multicentric Randomized Controlled Study. [NCT05439005]	Phase 3	158 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-07	Recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Sedation on the Post-Operative Cognition Dysfunction--a Multiple Center,Randomized, Controlled,Double Blinded Clinical Trial. [NCT02275182]	Phase 4	864 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
A Single-blinded Randomized-controlled Study to Reduce Persistent Post-mastectomy Pain Using Multimodal Opioid-free Anesthesia [NCT05146778]	Phase 3	230 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-12-16	Recruiting
Peri-neural Dexmedetomidine Versus Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine Single Injection in Ultrasoundguided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Arteriovenous Fistula: A Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04694105]		42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-06-01	Completed
[NCT02929095]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-01	Completed
Effects of Local Wound Infiltration With Ketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine Added to Bupivacaine on Surgical Stress Response and Postoperative Pain in Major Abdominal Cancer Surgery [NCT02927379]	Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Post Modified Radical Mastectomy Pain Management [NCT06022614]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-15	Recruiting
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Improving Quality of the Operative Field in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Randomized Triple-Blind Trial [NCT05595083]		54 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-01	Recruiting
Effects of an Opioid Sparing Care Pathway for Patients Undergoing Obesity Surgery [NCT03756961]		220 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Recruiting
Comparison of Intraoperative Complications in Patients With or Without High Risk for Obstructive Sleep Apnea During Sedation With Midazolam or Dexmedetomidine Within Transurethral Resections of Bladder and Prostate [NCT04817033]	Phase 4	115 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-04-01	Completed
Premedication With Different Nebulized Ketamine,Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam in Oncologic Preschool Children [NCT02935959]	Phase 1/Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine and Inflammation in HIPEC Cases: A Case Series [NCT04106999]	Phase 2/Phase 3	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Infusion Versus Oral Melatonin for Prevention of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Delirium; A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study [NCT06076668]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-16	Recruiting
Monitored Anesthesia Care: Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine- Propofol Combination During Burr-Hole Surgery For Chronic Subdural Hematoma [NCT04621526]	Phase 1/Phase 2	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-10	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine to 20ml Bupivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block [NCT06020781]		75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-09	Recruiting
A Comparative Study of Oral Gabapentin, Oral Alprazolam and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Anxiety and Pain During Posterior Segment Eye Surgery Under Peribulbar Block : a Randomized, Double-blind Study. [NCT04658732]	Phase 1	45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-01	Recruiting
The Renal Protective Effect of the Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery [NCT02888275]		144 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Completed
Caudal vs. Pudendal Block for Early Postoperative Pain Control in a Pediatric Population Undergoing Lower Genitourinary Surgery [NCT05708989]	Phase 4	138 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-06	Suspended(stopped due to Transitioning to new clinic)
Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam Nebulization as Procedural Sedation During Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia in Pre-eclamptic Parturients [NCT04873596]	Phase 2	94 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-15	Recruiting
[NCT02896413]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-02	Completed
[NCT02902380]		52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-27	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo Controlled Trial Using Single Dose Dexmedetomidine In The Treatment Of Pain In Patients Undergoing Cleft Palate Repair [NCT02915042]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Recruitment concerns)
Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulphate in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy for Deeply Settled Intracranial Tumours [NCT05743725]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-15	Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Levobupivacaine Versus Levobupivacaine Plus Dexmedetomidine Infiltration for Post-tonsillectomy Analgesia and Laryngospasm in Pediatric Patients [NCT04113720]	Phase 1/Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-11-15	Completed
Use of Dexmedetomidine for Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing General Anesthesia for Endovascular Interventional Neuroradiologic Procedures [NCT00857727]	Phase 3	33 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Completed
Propofol/Dexmedetomidine Versus Desflurane Effects on Post Hepatectomy Hepatocellular Injury [NCT05246371]	Early Phase 1	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine for Suprascapular Nerve Block With Axillary Nerve Block on Plasma Cortisol and Pain-related Cytokines After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04398589]	Phase 4	46 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-20	Completed
Cardioprotective Effect of Ketamine-dexmeditomidine Versus Fentanyl-midazolam in Open-heart Surgery in Pediatrics: A Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Study [NCT05314569]	Phase 1	81 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-15	Recruiting
The Effect of Orexin on Delayed Emergence of General Anesthesia in Dexmedetomidine [NCT03025295]		51 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-01	Completed
Effects of Comprehensive Intestinal Protection Strategy on Postoperative Intestinal Complications in Patients Undergoing Laparotomy With General Anesthesia [NCT03216759]		182 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Opioid-free Total Intravenous Anesthesia With Propofol, Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine Infusions for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; Comparison With Propofol, Remifentanil Infusions [NCT01833819]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
The Effect and Safety of Different Sedation Strategies for Diagnostic Bronchoscopy [NCT03406533]		28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-01	Terminated(stopped due to The sample size should be re-calculated based on the first 28 cases.)
Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Reduces Hypotension and Epigastric Pain in Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Study [NCT04358367]	Phase 3	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-19	Completed
Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulphate to Intrathecal Bupivacaine on Spinal Block and Neonatal Outcome in Uncomplicated Caesarean Delivery [NCT03067896]	Phase 3	78 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Recruiting
Intraperitoneal Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine for Management of Pain in Children Undergoing Laparoscopic Appendicectomy: A Prospective Randomized Trial [NCT03067740]	Phase 4	56 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Recruiting
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Sedation With i.v. Dexmedetomidine in Combination With Midazolam Alone or Midazolam and Low Dose Ketamine for Extraction of Third Molars. [NCT01017237]	Phase 4	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-07-31	Terminated(stopped due to Protocol proved to be ineffective for adequate sedation for third molar surgery.)
Remifentanil Versus Dexmedetomidine for Post-Cardiac Surgery Patients With Noninvasive Ventilation Intolerance: A Prospective, Observational,Cohort Study [NCT03395886]		90 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-01-01	Completed
Study of Dexmedetomidine as an Effective Sedative to Treat Acute ICU Delirium [NCT00351299]	Phase 2	53 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-01-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Sedation in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit [NCT02996058]	Phase 2/Phase 3	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-31	Completed
Comparing the Efficacy of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine, Tramadol and Ketamine for Control of Post Spinal Shivering in Obstetric Patients Undergoing Lower Segment C-section [NCT05311722]	Phase 3	71 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-30	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant to Ropivacaine for Brachial Plexus Block [NCT05767827]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-02-01	Recruiting
Intranasal Premedication With Dexmedetomidine Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Hypotensive Anesthesia During Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Adults: A Randomized Triple-Blind Trial [NCT05604599]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-11-10	Completed
Evaluation of the Effect of Different Doses Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Lung Mechanics and Oxygenation in Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cancer Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04730375]	Phase 2	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-30	Completed
Effectiveness of Single Shot Intra-thecal Analgesia in Multiparous Women Scheduled for Normal Vaginal Delivery. [NCT05998551]		75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Recruiting
Ultrasound Guided Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block Using Levo-bupivacaine Alone or Combined With Dexmedetomidine for Hand and Forearm Surgeries [NCT04729868]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-01	Completed
A Post-Marketing, Open-Label, Randomized, Comparative Study Comparing the Usefulness of Dexmedetomidine at the Time of Extubation and Post Extubation Period to Other Sedative Management in Post-Operative Patients [NCT00318955]	Phase 4	85 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-11-30	Completed
Recovery Parameters and Nociception Levels in Opioid-free Versus Opioid Based Anesthesia for Thyroidectomy [NCT05243940]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-07	Recruiting
Adjuncts for Adductor Block: Dexamethasone,Dexmedetomidine, or Combination to Reduce Pain. A Randomized Controlled Comparison of the Analgesic Effects Following ACL Repair [NCT03643822]	Phase 4	252 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-02-21	Active, not recruiting
Effect of Different Administration Routes of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia [NCT05952050]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-01	Recruiting
Do Dexmedetomidine and Buspirone Synergistically Reduce the Threshold, Gain, and Maximum Intensity of Shivering? [NCT00334360]	Phase 4	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-09-30	Completed
Comparative Evaluation of Intranasal Midazolam, Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine for Their Sedative Effect and the Ability to Facilitate Venous Cannulation in Pediatric Patients: a Prospective Randomized Study. [NCT04704622]	Phase 2/Phase 3	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-01	Completed
Impact of Post-ARDS Covid Sedation on Persistent Neuroinflammation (PETDEXDOCOVID) [NCT05233605]		72 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-03-21	Recruiting
A Prospective, Multi-centre, Randomised, Double-blind Comparison of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine With Midazolam for Continuous Sedation of Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care Unit [NCT00481312]	Phase 3	501 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-06-30	Completed
Effect of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Combined With Dexmedetomidine Infusion on the Prognosis in Elderly Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery [NCT04516174]		180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-01	Not yet recruiting
A Randomised Open Label Pilot Study of the Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Haloperidol in Ventilated Patients With ICU-associated Agitation and Delirium [NCT00505804]	Phase 2	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Completed
Effect of Affective Content on Drug Induced Amnesia of Episodic Memory [NCT00142493]	Phase 1	79 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-09-30	Completed
Analgesic Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Versus Caudal Dexmedetomidine in Children Undergoing Abdominal Surgeries [NCT06183073]	Phase 2	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-02	Recruiting
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intranasal Midazolam as a Premedication in Pediatrics Undergoing Upper GI Endoscopy [NCT06181682]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol on the Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous System During Spinal Anesthesia: Pilot Study [NCT04142502]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-20	Completed
Nebulized Dexmedetomidine VS Oro-dispersible Film Melatonin for Peri Operative Anxiety and Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Outpatient Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Study [NCT05766436]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-15	Recruiting
Comparison Study Between Intrathecal and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine in Lower Limb Surgeries [NCT04374318]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-01	Completed
A Phase III Randomized, Double-blind, Dose-Controlled, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in Intubated and Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Subjects [NCT00875550]	Phase 3	175 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Completed
Sedation in Patients at Risk for Sleep-induced Upper Airway Collapse [NCT01045122]		15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-12-31	Completed
Perioperative Analgesic Effect of Preemptive Ultrasound Guided Rectus Sheath Block and Transversus Abdominis Plane Block With Dexmedetomidine vs Dexamethasone for Laparoscopic Surgery in Paediatrics [NCT04838379]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-04-01	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intranasal Midazolam as Sole Sedative Agents for MRI In Pediatrics: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial [NCT04652661]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-10	Completed
Usefulness of Dexmedetomidine on Post-operative Pain Management in Patients With Interstitial Cystitis [NCT01195116]	Phase 4	41 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-05-31	Completed
Effect of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Stress Response and Emergence Agitation After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Adults [NCT02917018]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
Effects of Anesthesia Drugs on Neuronal Activity in the Basal Ganglia and Thalamus During Deep Brain Stimulation Electrode Implantation Surgery [NCT03283150]	Phase 4	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-01	Terminated(stopped due to Due to a decrease in scheduled study-eligible patients, we terminated the study prematurely)
Comparison Between Levobupivacaine 0.25% and Levobupivacaine With Dexmedetomidine in Ultrasound Guided Modified Pectoral Nerve Block, a Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial. [NCT03456661]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-05-19	Terminated(stopped due to The surgical approach has changed.)
Maximizing Efficacy of Goal-Directed Sedation to Reduce Neurological Dysfunction in Mechanically Ventilated Infants and Children Study [NCT04801589]	Phase 3	372 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-10	Recruiting
Can Dexmedetomidine With Hyalase Augment Quality and Duration of Analgesia When Added to Lumbar Epidural Steroid in Failed Back Surgery. Randomized Double Blind Study [NCT05349448]	Early Phase 1	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-28	Recruiting
Based on the Real-time Monitoring of Nociceptive Index, Dexmedetomidine as a Neuraxial Adjuvant Facilitate Analgesia [NCT04675372]	Phase 4	181 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-19	Completed
Effect of Postoperative Prolonged Sedation With Dexmedetomidine After Successful Reperfusion With Endovascular Thrombectomy on Long-term Prognosis in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke (PPDET) [NCT04916197]	Phase 4	368 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-03-01	Recruiting
A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy [NCT04318158]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-30	Not yet recruiting
A Phase III,Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Arm Parallel, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine in the Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Subjects Undergoing Surgery for Fractured Hip With General A [NCT00460473]	Phase 3	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to The incidence of post-operative delirium observed from interim blinded data was significantly lower than the current literature in this population.)
Comparison Between Analgesic Effect of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine for Spinal Anesthesia for Elective Caesarean Sections [NCT04697745]		44 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Not yet recruiting
Measuring the Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Somatosensory Evoked and Muscular Evoked Potential During Neurosurgery in Pediatric Patients [NCT01512147]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Completed
[NCT01512355]		88 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-09-30	Completed
[NCT01513772]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Stress Response and Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Thoracotomy During Anesthesia Recovery Period [NCT01517932]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for LISA Procedure in Preterm Infants: a Pilot Study [NCT04820101]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-15	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam for Sedation in ICU Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: a Single Center, Randomized, Controlled, Non-inferiority Trial [NCT04815265]	Phase 4	488 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-01	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Single-dose Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Excitement in Adults With Nasotracheal Intubation After Orthognathic Surgery [NCT01524367]	Phase 4	74 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl on Time to Extubation in Patients With Morbid Obesity Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randamized Controlled Trial [NCT06052111]		64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-15	Completed
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol-Remifentanil Conscious Sedation for Awake Craniotomy for Tumor Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT01545297]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Completed
Effects of a Single Dose Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) and Quality of Recovery 40 (QoR 40) in Breast Cancer Surgery [NCT01548209]		97 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-09-30	Completed
Effect of a Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Operative Wound Healing, Stress, and Immune Response After a Cesarean Delivery [NCT05840406]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-04-01	Not yet recruiting
INTRAVENOUS Versus EPIDURAL DEXMEDETOMIDINE for ANALGESIA in NORMAL VAGINAL DELIVERY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLED STUDY [NCT05840328]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-05	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Sevoflurane [NCT03384563]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-02-18	Recruiting
Use of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation During Flexible Bronchoscopy in Patients With COPD: A Descriptive Study [NCT00401206]		12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
A Randomized, Double-blind Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine on Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients Under Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia Under Lower Extremity Surgery [NCT05950555]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-30	Completed
The Effect of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Premedication in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy Suffering From Recent Mild Upper Respiratory Tract Infection [NCT05639777]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-06	Recruiting
A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation During Monitored Anesthesia Care [NCT00398827]	Phase 3	326 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-12-31	Completed
Effect of Medazolam or Dexmedetomidine on Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation During Spinal Anesthesia in the Elderly Patients [NCT02966743]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Withdrawn
The Effect of Ketamine and Dexmedetomidine on the Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction After Cataract Surgery: Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Study [NCT04730596]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-01	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Pain Management in Elderly Adults in Palliative Care Setting: a Cross Over, Superiority, Double-blind, Controlled and Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03151863]	Phase 3	33 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-14	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of budget)
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Perfusion Index and Microcirculation in Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03151668]	Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-04	Recruiting
ED50 and ED95 of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Transthoracic Echocardiography Study [NCT02780427]	Phase 4	320 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-10	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulphate Added to Bupivacaine in Infraorbital Nerve Block for Perioperative Analgesia in Paediatric Patients for Cleft Lip Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Double Blinded Study [NCT05624151]	Phase 3	75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-11-25	Completed
The Effectiveness of Bilateral Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies. A Randomized, Controlled, Double Blind, Prospective, Trial [NCT04587973]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Completed
Comparison of Sedative Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam for TIVA in Pediatric Population Undergoing Inguinal Hernia Repair, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05574179]	Early Phase 1	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Not yet recruiting
Comparative Evaluation The Effect of Intraoperative Infusion of Dexmedetomidine Versus Low Dose Ketamine on Pain and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Nasal Surgery [NCT05828199]	Phase 1	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-01	Recruiting
Analgesic Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plan Block for Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT04732377]	Phase 2/Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-01	Recruiting
Success of Sedation During Bronchoscopy: Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine, Alfentanil and Local Anesthesia [NCT01805726]	Phase 3	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
COMPARISON OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE AND REMIFENTANIL FOR POSTOPERATIVE PAIN IN TRANSPHENOIDAL Pituitary SURGERY [NCT05772832]		84 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2021-11-17	Completed
A Phase 4, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Center, Comparator Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Compared to IV Midazolam in ICU Subjects Requiring Greater Than Twenty-Four Hours of Continuous Sedation [NCT00216190]	Phase 4	420 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-03-31	Completed
The PedINDex Study: Comparing Intranasal Dexmedetomidine With Oral or Rectal Midazolam for Procedural Sedation in the Pediatric Emergency Department. [NCT03399838]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-08-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Sponsor left the hospital)
A Pilot Study of Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Sleep and Inflammation in Critically Ill Patients [NCT00405847]	Phase 4	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-07-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Immunological Parameters of Women Undergoing Breast Cancer Surgery [NCT01692210]		20 participants (Actual)	Observational	2012-09-30	Completed
A Randomised Controlled Trial of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as Premedication for Suspension Laryngoscopy [NCT02108171]		81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine as a Pain Management Adjunct in the Pediatric Population Undergoing Posterior Spinal Fusion [NCT06067893]	Phase 4	160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Effectiveness of Two-channel Intravenous Patient-controlled Analgesia With Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Major Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery [NCT05672225]		110 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-02-07	Recruiting
Prospective, Randomized Comparative Study of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Orthopedic Surgery Under Regional Anesthesia [NCT04149626]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-01-29	Recruiting
Comparing the Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in the Treatment of Emergence Agitation Occurring in Adults After General Anesthesia: A Randomised Control Trial DP-TEA Trial [NCT04142840]	Early Phase 1	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-11-01	Recruiting
Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Using Dexmedetomidine and Bupivacaine in Children Undergoing Laparoscopic Orcheopexy: Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03156296]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-10	Completed
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine/Remifentanil and Midazolam/Remifentanil on Auditory-evoked Potentials and Electroencephalogram at Light-to-moderate Sedation Levels in Healthy Subjects [NCT00641563]		10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for Immediate Perioperative Analgesia in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Tonsillectomy. [NCT00654511]	Phase 4	101 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Completed
Efficacy of Opioid-free Anesthesia in Reducing Postoperative Respiratory Depression in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy: a Pilot Study [NCT02987985]	Phase 3	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-15	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for Peri-operative Sedation and Analgesia in Children Undergoing Bilateral Myringotomy With Tube Placement (BMT) [NCT00654329]	Phase 4	101 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-08-31	Completed
Effects of Combination Intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Hysterectomy With General Anesthesia [NCT03809923]		240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-01	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Post-operative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy [NCT06111300]	Phase 4	86 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Not yet recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Mood and Breastfeeding in Parturient Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section. [NCT03805945]	Phase 4	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-01	Completed
A Study of Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics for Preoperative Sedation With Administration of Oral, Intravenous and Nasal Drops [NCT03800641]	Phase 4	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-11	Completed
Intra-nasal Dexmedetomidine for Children Undergoing MRI Imaging [NCT03806777]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-02-28	Not yet recruiting
Implications of Anesthetics on Sleep Consolidation [NCT04329091]	Phase 4	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-10-16	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of participant recruitment)
Effects of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant on the Median Effective Concentration of Lidocaine for Obturator Nerve Block - A Perspective, Randomized，Blind Study [NCT02066727]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Comparative Study of General Anesthesia With or Without Opioid on the Cardiac Index During Total Hip Arthroplasty [NCT05446623]	Phase 2/Phase 3	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-01	Recruiting
Sedation and Pain (The Effect of IV Sedation on Pain Perception) [NCT00853333]		86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Comparison Study of Analgesic Effects for Dexmedetomidine-fentanyl vs Dexmedetomidine-ketamine in Femur Proximal Fracture Patients [NCT02150759]		46 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Completed
Intraperitoneal Installation of Can Enhance Postoperative Analgesia of Caesarean Section [NCT05622656]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-01	Recruiting
Sevoflurane, Laryngeal Mask Airway and Single-dose Dexmedetomidine: A Better Choice for Patients Undergoing Endovascular Coil Embolization [NCT01722409]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Completed
Postoperative Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery With Different Types of Anesthesia Management [NCT01725607]	Phase 4	219 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
Pharmacological Prevention of Post-traumatic Intrusions in Healthy Volunteers - Towards a Post-exposition Prophylaxis for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder [NCT04508166]		27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-01	Completed
Effects of Different Concentrations of Dexmedetomidine on Basal Ganglia Neuronal Activity (Local Field Potentials) in Parkinson's Disease [NCT02982512]	Phase 4	12 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-05-01	Recruiting
Sedation During Muscle Biopsy in Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy [NCT01645098]		53 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Neuronal Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus During Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Electrode Implantation Surgery [NCT01721460]	Phase 4	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Completed
The Effect of Two Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Oxygenation, Lung Mechanics, and Quality of Recovery in Morbidly Obese Patients: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study [NCT06018948]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-01	Completed
Effect of Preoperative Nebulized Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Changes in Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery. [NCT06014359]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-27	Recruiting
The Effect of Propofol Versus Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Ureteroscopic Procedures Under Spinal Anesthesia [NCT05875077]		45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-01	Recruiting
Efficacy of Adding Dexmedetomidine to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Randomized Trial [NCT05369468]	Phase 1/Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-22	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Patients Undergoing Brain Tumor Resections: a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04674241]		260 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-18	Completed
The Effects of Subanesthetic S-ketamine on Postoperative Delirium and Cognitive Function in the Elderly Undergoing Non-cardiac Thoracic Surgery: a Protocol for Randomized, Double-blinded, placebo-and Positive-controlled, Non-inferiority Trial [NCT05242692]	Early Phase 1	780 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-10	Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Deksmedetomidine-propofol or Ketamine-propofol [NCT04399226]		60 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2019-10-18	Completed
A Comparative Evaluation of Nebulized Dexmedetomidine and Nebulized Ketamine as a Premedication in Pediatric Surgeries [NCT05719506]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-21	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Adult Patients Undergoing Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery [NCT05698758]		64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-10	Recruiting
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam for Premedication in Deep-sedated Pediatric Dental Patients: a Double-blinded, Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04509414]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-10	Completed
Comparative Study of Ropivacaine and Ropivacaine With Dexmeditomedine in Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block for Post-operative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Sections [NCT02472522]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
Modulation of Long-term Memory by the Experience of Pain During Sedation With Anesthetics [NCT02515890]	Phase 1	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-11-19	Completed
Effects of Low-dose Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combined Nasal Administration at Night on Perioperative Sleep Quality in Breast Cancer Patients: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT05732064]	Phase 4	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-22	Recruiting
Comparison of Valsalva Manoeuvre and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Attenuating Pain During Propofol Injection in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05225610]		120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-02-19	Completed
Evaluation of the Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Allograft Function Recovery and Survival Following Liver Transplantation: A Randomised Control Trial [NCT03770130]	Early Phase 1	330 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-14	Completed
Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam as Adjuvants With Intrathecal Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in High Tibial Osteotomy. A Randomized, Prospective, Double- Blinded, Comparative Study. [NCT06082232]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-01	Not yet recruiting
Sedation and Physiological Effects of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Severe COPD [NCT02211118]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for Prophylaxis Against Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Highly Susceptible Patients: a Randomised Controlled Comparison of Two Bolus Doses [NCT05134363]		180 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-11	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine vs Oral Triclofos Sodium Sedation for Children With Autism Undergoing Electroencephalograms - A Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT04270708]	Phase 4	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-01	Not yet recruiting
Magnesium and Dexmedetomidine Combination Reduces Sodium Nitroprusside Requirement in Laparoscopic Pheochromocytoma [NCT05102058]		108 participants (Actual)	Observational	2011-01-01	Completed
Clinical Study of Dexmedetomidine Administered Intranasally to Relieve Perioperative Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Colorectal Tumors [NCT06139926]	Phase 3	126 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Recruiting
Effects of Dexmetomidine and Remifentanil Used for Controlled Hypotension in Septorhinoplasty Surgery on Cardiac Electrophysiology: Prospective Randomized Study [NCT06138574]		72 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Not yet recruiting
The Alterations of Brain Network Connectivity Under Sedation and Anesthesia in Patients With Supratentorial Glioma [NCT06138340]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-08-31	Recruiting
the Role of Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) Infusion on Intraoperative Propofol & Fentanyl Requirements in Spine Surgery for Pediatric Cancer Patients [NCT05493228]	Phase 3	38 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-17	Recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine vs Propofol on Inflammatory Response and Intra-abdominal Pressure in Patients With Intra-abdominal Sepsis; a Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04718714]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-23	Completed
a Randomized Controlled Trial of Dexmedetomidine on Chronic Postoperative Pain After Breast and Thoracic Surgery [NCT03275207]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison Of Dexmedetomidine And Remifentanil For Sedation During Awake Fiberoptic Intubations [NCT00349245]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Completed
Effect of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Patients With Brain Tumors: a Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT06164314]	Phase 2	222 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-20	Not yet recruiting
Characterization of Tachyphylaxis, Tolerance, and Withdrawal After Discontinuation of Igalmi in Frequently Agitated Schizophrenic or Bipolar Patients After 7 Days of PRN Treatment [NCT06041646]	Phase 4	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-12	Recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy and Safety Study of PRN Dosing of BXCL501 Over a 12 Week Treatment Period in Subjects With Agitation Associated With Dementia [NCT05665088]	Phase 3	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-12-14	Terminated(stopped due to Study was terminated for business reasons; not due to safety or efficacy concerns)
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy And Safety Study of PRN Dosing of BXCL501 Over A 12 Week Period In Subjects With Agitation Associated With Dementia [NCT05271552]	Phase 3	151 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-27	Completed
The Bolus Dose of Dexmedetomidine (ED50) That Avoids Hemodynamic Compromise in Children [NCT01498380]		21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
[NCT01634594]	Phase 4	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
[NCT01652586]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-04-30	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Agitation and Delirium in Patients After Free Flap Reconstructive Surgery [NCT01904760]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
A Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Epidural Anesthesia Under General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy [NCT01657812]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Recruiting
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Cerebral Autoregulation and Cerebral Oxygenation in Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Patients [NCT01664520]	Phase 1/Phase 2	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
[NCT01665586]		82 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
Comparison the Hemodynamics Effects Between Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Major Abdominal Surgical Patients [NCT01669044]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2012-05-31	Recruiting
Comparison of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine on Post-operative Urinary Retention in Knee Joint Arthroscopic Surgeries [NCT05596552]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-15	Completed
The Pharmacology of Dexmedetomidine in Children With Congenital Heart Disease [NCT00480740]	Phase 3	41 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-12-31	Completed
Efficacy of Adding Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant With Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Intermediate Cervical Plexus Block for Thyroidectomy Surgery: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05814744]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-30	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Compared to Midazolam for Symptom Control in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) [NCT01687751]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to Study design determined to be not likely feasible)
[NCT01691001]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
Comparing Post-Operative Analgesic Effects of Patient-Controlled Analgesia Morphine (PCAM) in Combination With Dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/ml Versus PCAM With Dexmedetomidine 2 mcg/ml [NCT05288738]	Phase 4	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-09	Completed
Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Active-controlled, Phase 3 Clinical Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine to Oral Midazolam as Premedication for Propofol Sedation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Magnet [NCT05192629]	Phase 3	250 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-09	Recruiting
Autonomous Nervous System Regulated Anaesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Dexmedetomidine and Placebo in Heart Rate Variability Monitored Children [NCT05785689]	Phase 4	220 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-01	Not yet recruiting
SEDATION OF ADULT PATIENTS UNDERGOING GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY: A NETWORK META-ANALYSIS [NCT03632330]		6,963 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-02-05	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Postoperative Delirium in Hip Surgery [NCT03938831]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Enrolling by invitation
The Effective Dose of Dexmedetomidine for Moderate Sedation of Adult Intubated Septic Patients in the ICU. [NCT01976754]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Completed
Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Caudal Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Supplementation of Caudal Analgesia in Children [NCT01701778]	Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine's Cardiac and Cognitive Influence on Patients Undergoing Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery [NCT01704092]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2012-05-31	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Individuals With Obstructive Sleep Apnea [NCT01733043]	Phase 2/Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Failure to secure funding)
Developing Anesthesia as PTSD Therapy [NCT01736020]	Phase 1	293 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Active, not recruiting
Pain, Fentanyl Consumption, and Delirium in Children After Scoliosis Surgery: Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam [NCT01748630]	Phase 4	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Completed
To Investigate the Effects of Combined Use of Naldebain® ER Injection and Precedex® After Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery [NCT06176222]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-28	Not yet recruiting
A Comparison of Dexmedetomidine, Nicardipine, and Labetalol to Induce Hypotensive Anesthesia and Their Effects on Blood Loss, Surgeon Visibility, Hemodynamic Parameters, and Operation Time During Orthognathic Surgery [NCT06093893]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Mortality, Duration of Mechanical Ventilation and Multi-organ Function in Sepsis Patients Under Lighter Sedation by Randomized Control Trial [NCT01760967]	Phase 4	203 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil on the Maternal Responses to Tracheal Intubation in Severe Pre-eclamptic Patients During Caesarean Delivery [NCT01766089]	Phase 2	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Crossover Trial of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Zolpidem for Treatment of Primary Insomnia [NCT05615727]	Phase 3	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-01	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Cisatracurium Infusion and Sufentanil Consumption and Its Variations in Different Age Groups, Using a Closed Loop Computer Controlled System. [NCT01785446]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Recruiting
Anesthesia for Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Parkinsons Disease [NCT01789385]	Phase 4	26 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomine Premedication on the Bispectral Index Values Using Sedation With Propofol During Spinal Anesthesia on Geriatric Chronic Renal Failure Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery The Effect of Dexmedetomine Premedication on the Bis [NCT01837290]	Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Completed
[NCT01840254]		108 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Completed
The Addition of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Sleep for Middle-aged and Elderly Patients With Gastric Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03117023]	Phase 3	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-04-15	Not yet recruiting
Isoflurane-induced Neuroinflammation in Children With Hydrocephalus: A Bench-to-bedside, Translational Study of Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Approaches [NCT02512809]	Phase 3	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Terminated(stopped due to PI moving to another institution.)
A Phase II/III, Open-Label, Multicenter, Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetic Study of Dexmedetomidine in Neonates Ages ≥28 Weeks to ≤44 Weeks Gestational Age [NCT01159262]	Phase 2/Phase 3	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-07-31	Completed
A Phase II, Randomized, Open-Label, Single Center, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Subjects Aged 12 Months Through <24 Months [NCT01378988]	Phase 2	5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
Combined Electroencephalogram, Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Positron Emission Tomography of Dexmedetomidine Induced Sleep [NCT01485380]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Completed
Vasopressor Requirements During Dexmedetomidine Sedation vs Propofol vs Their Combination (Dexmedetomidine and Propofol) Sedation in Patients After Cardiac Surgery [NCT05451381]		356 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-01	Completed
Repurposing Dexmedetomidine as an Orally Administered Sleep Therapeutic [NCT02818569]	Phase 1/Phase 2	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Completed
Comparative Study Between Inhalational Anaesthesia and Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) With Dexmedetomidine for Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy [NCT03029715]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Comparison of Prophylactic Use of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine for Prevention of Shivering After Spinal Anesthesia [NCT05718011]	Phase 4	116 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-20	Completed
Immunomodulatory Profile of Dexmedetomidine Sedation in Patients Recovering After ARDS Covid-19 [NCT04413864]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-24	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine and Brain Perfusion Monitor for Sedation of Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration [NCT03521505]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-11	Completed
Efficacy of Single-Shot Dexmedetomidine Versus Placebo in Preventing Pediatric Emergence Delirium in Strabismus Surgery [NCT01901588]	Phase 4	63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
Precedex(Registered) Intravenous Solution Special Investigation (in Pediatric Patients) [NCT04040439]		111 participants (Actual)	Observational	2019-07-30	Completed
Comparison of Remimazolam and Dexmedetomidine for Intraoperative Sedation During Regional Block [NCT05447507]	Phase 4	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-07-08	Completed
Pharmacokinetic Study of Dexmedetomidine After Intra-Nasal and Buccal Dosing in Children [NCT03668951]	Phase 1	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-20	Completed
Prospective Study of the Use of Dexmedetomidine in Light to Moderate Sedation in the Patient in the Palliative Situation of a Sars-cov-2 / COVID-19 Infection [NCT04350086]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-20	Withdrawn(stopped due to unfavorable opinion of the ethics committee)
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Plus Ketamine for Procedural Sedation in Children: an Adaptive Randomized Controlled Non-inferiority Multicenter Trial [NCT04195256]	Phase 2/Phase 3	400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-11	Recruiting
Comparing Intranasal Dexmedetomidine With Oral Midazolam as Premedication for Older Children Undergoing General Anesthesia for Dental Rehabilitation [NCT02250703]	Phase 3	75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-30	Completed
Comparison Between Two Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Caesarean Delivery [NCT05342844]		81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-05-01	Completed
Study on Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Nasal Spray for Preoperative Sedation in Children [NCT05111431]	Phase 3	159 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-11-24	Completed
Use of Dexmedetomidine for Prophylactic Analgesia and Sedation in Patients After Intracranial Surgery (Prophylactic Analgesia and Sedation Trial, PASTrial) [NCT01445639]	Phase 4	192 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Upper Leg Amputations [NCT03404180]	Phase 4	36 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-02-09	Recruiting
Opioid Free Anesthesia Versus Conventional Total Intravenous Anesthesia for ENT Surgery [NCT04105946]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-31	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Pain Due to Propofol Injection:A Randomised, Double-blind, Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT01463332]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Active, not recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine Versus Magnesium Sulfate for the Prevention of Emergence Agitation Following Sevoflurane Induced Anesthesia in Cardiac Catheterization in Pediatrics : A Prospective, Double-blinded, Randomized Controlled Study. [NCT06077539]	Phase 1/Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-20	Recruiting
Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intrathecal Morphine Inpatients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Replacement Surgeries: Effect on Postoperative Pain and Diaphragmatic Function [NCT06076759]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-01	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ropivacaine Transverse Abdominal Plane Block (TAP) on Opioid Dosage After Cesarean Section Under Multimodal Analgesia [NCT05700045]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-05-31	Completed
Effectiveness of Clonidine, Dexmedetomidine, and Fentanyl Adjuncts for Labor Epidural Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Quadruple Blinded Non-Inferiority Trial (CLASSIER Trial) [NCT05487196]	Phase 2	88 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-09-28	Completed
Consequence of Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Deliruim After Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children With Cerebral Palsy [NCT02244515]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Enrolling by invitation
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Dose Escalation Study of Dexmedetomidine as Adjunctive Therapy for Alcohol Withdrawal [NCT00936377]		24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Low-dose Nalmefene on Preventing Remifentanil-induced Postoperative Hyperalgesia in Patients Undergoing Gynecological Surgery [NCT03096730]		150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-06	Completed
Renal Effects of Dexmedetomidine During Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: a Randomized Placebo-controlled Study [NCT01920542]		30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Completed
Dose Response Relationship of Dexmedetomidine in Decreasing Post Operative Analgesic Requirements in the Pediatric Tonsillectomy Patient [NCT01057381]	Phase 4	109 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-08-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Dezocine and Flubiprofen for Postoperative Intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia After Colorectal Surgery [NCT03014713]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on the Time Course and Outcomes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in Patients Affected by the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Admitted to Critical Care Unit [NCT04358627]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-04-15	Not yet recruiting
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam on Resting Energy Expenditure in Critically Ill Patients: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03030911]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-01	Completed
The Protective Effect of the α2-agonist Dexmedetomidine on Mitochondrial Structure and Function for Children With Non-cyanotic Congenital Heart Defects Having Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT02299063]	Phase 4	36 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Recruiting
Dexametomedine Versus Ketamine as an Adjuvant in Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Block for Perioperative Thoracotomy Pain Control in Pediatrics Cardiothoracic Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05552391]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-01	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol on the Onset and Recovery of Sedation in Stereotactic Brain Biopsy A Comparative Study [NCT03375385]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Completed
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Using Precedex and Other Sedatives [NCT01169467]	Phase 3	89 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Glucose Levels and Insulin Secretion Patterns in Obese Patients With Impaired Glucose Tolerance. [NCT03809182]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-27	Completed
Evaluation of Magnesium Sulfate in Combination With Dexmedetomidine As Adjuvants to Levobupivacaine for Augmenting Analgesia and Anesthesia in Ultrasound Guided Spermatic Cord Block For Testicular Sperm Extraction Surgery [NCT04498351]	Early Phase 1	130 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-30	Completed
Effect of Propofol on Postoperative Sleep Quality in Elderly Patients With Sleep Disorders: a Multicentre, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study [NCT05325762]	Phase 4	321 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-01	Not yet recruiting
Dexamethasone or Dexmedetomidine as Adjunct in Fascia Iliaca Block During Positioning for Sub-arachnoid Block & Post-operative Analgesia After Femur Neck Fracture Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial [NCT05484648]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Anesthetic Method on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Patients Undergoing Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy: Comparison of Sevoflurane-remifentanil and Sevoflurane-remifentanil-dexmedetomidine [NCT03529643]		128 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-24	Completed
[NCT01200433]		44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-10-31	Completed
A Comparative Study Between Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine VS Ketamine With Intrathecal Bupivacaine in Orthopedic Lower Limb Surgeries. [NCT05751304]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-01	Not yet recruiting
[NCT01895348]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Immunomodulatory Effects of Dexmedetomidine Infusion After Laparoscopic Major Abdominal Surgeries: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04923737]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-01	Recruiting
A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial of Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Medical Intensive Care Unit Patients. [NCT01059929]	Phase 4	41 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Terminated(stopped due to drug and placebo unavailable)
A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Used for Sedation During Elective Awake Fiberoptic Intubation [NCT00383890]	Phase 3	124 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-08-31	Completed
[NCT02492269]	Phase 2	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Active, not recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Added to Ropivacaine Single Shot vs Continuous Interscalene Nerve Block for Elective Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery: a Prospective Randomized Control Trial [NCT05775861]		96 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-08-23	Recruiting
Minimizing ICU Neurological Dysfunction With Dexmedetomidine-induced Sleep (MINDDS): A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT02856594]	Phase 2/Phase 3	469 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-06	Completed
Effect of Two Different Doses of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant Combined With Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Elderly Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Prostate: A Prospective, Randomized Study [NCT05351489]	Early Phase 1	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-30	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study of Dexmedetomidine (Precedex®), With Lorazepam Rescue, for the Management of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) and Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium (AWD) [NCT01362205]	Phase 4	49 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to DSMB recommendation for slow enrollment)
The Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Sedation With Dexmedetomidine in Children Undergoing Hemodynamic Cardiac Catheterization With Special Reference to the Pulmonary Vascular Bed [NCT01072643]	Phase 2/Phase 3	4 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to Study was terminated due to increased PVR in one subject from T0-T1 reaching the level of a predetermined stopping rule)
Comparison of Procedural Sedation With Propofol and Dexmedetomidine During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Using the Transfemoral Approach: Randomized Double Blind Prospective Study [NCT03747432]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-15	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Patients After Intracranial Operation for Brain Tumor: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04399343]	Phase 4	700 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Peroperative Shivering Incidence Under Spinal Anesthesia [NCT01921361]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-01-31	Completed
Attenuation Of Hemodynamic Response To Laryngoscopy. Role Of Dexmedetomidine. A Dose Finding Study [NCT05909215]	Phase 4	105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-23	Completed
Evaluation of Renal Protection Of Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam As a Sedative For Septic Patients In Intensive Care Unit [NCT05903963]	Phase 1	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-22	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine as a Sole Premedication for BMT Placement in Children Undergoing Bilateral Myringotomy Tube Placement Surgery [NCT05903326]		276 participants (Actual)	Observational	2022-02-11	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients With Parkinson's Disease Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05197439]		192 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Not yet recruiting
A Phase III Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study To Determine Efficacy and Safety of BXCL501 In Agitation Associated With Schizophrenia [NCT04268303]	Phase 3	380 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-24	Completed
Effect of Intraoperative Sedation on Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients [NCT04891458]		160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-01	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam Premedication on Emergence Agitation After Strabismus Surgery in Children [NCT01895023]	Phase 4	156 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Completed
[NCT02509949]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ropivacaine for Postoperative Continuous Femoral Nerve Block on Postoperative Delirium and Long-term Oucomes in Elderly Patients After Single Knee Arthroplasty [NCT03629483]	Phase 4	736 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-12-10	Suspended(stopped due to Trial stopped by the sponsor because of no funding.)
Pilot Study Comparing the Use of Dexmedetomidine and Zolpidem to Induce Natural Sleep [NCT01485393]		10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine During Weaning From Analgesia and Sedation in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. A Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT03645603]	Phase 2	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-30	Terminated(stopped due to futility reasons)
The Effects of Infraorbital Nerve Block With Dexmedetomidine Added to Bupivacaine on Fentanyl Requirement During Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach to Remove Pituitary Tumor: Prospective Randomized Double Blinded Control Study [NCT04785222]	Phase 4	63 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-31	Not yet recruiting
Low-dose Dexmedetomidine for Delirium Prevention in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care Unit: a Multicenter, Randomised, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT03172897]	Phase 4	260 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-08-20	Suspended(stopped due to The trial was stopped because of difficulty in recruiting patients (another trial had similar inclusion/exclusion criteria). No patients was recruited in this trial.)
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulfate in Preventing Postoperative Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05554848]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-01	Recruiting
Effect of Mini-dose Esketamine-dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Long-term Outcomes Following Scoliosis Correction Surgery: 2-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05718544]	Phase 4	199 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-01-30	Active, not recruiting
The Role of Ketamine and Dexmedetomidine in Opioid-Sparing Analgesia and Sedation in Adult Patients After Cardiac Surgery. A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05474183]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-08-05	Completed
A Comparative Study Between Nitroglycerine Infusion and Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Intraoperative Management of Uncontrolled Hypertension [NCT04953156]		77 participants (Actual)	Observational	2021-07-03	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Postoperative Outcome and Smooth Emergence After Thyroidectomy [NCT02412150]		139 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Completed
[NCT01898819]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-07-31	Completed
The Use of Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Sedation During EEG in Children Affected by Behavioural Disorders [NCT03799783]	Phase 2	19 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-01	Completed
Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Study Evaluating the Analgesic Duration of Dexmedetomidine Compared to Dexamethasone as Adjuncts to Single Shot Interscalene Block in Patients Undergoing Ambulatory Shoulder Surgery [NCT02653144]	Phase 4	105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
The Effect of Intraoperative Administration of Dexmedetomidine, Propofol and Midazolam on Postoperative Levels of Inflammatory Markers and Development of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction After Pertrochanteric Fracture Surgery. [NCT05398757]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-01	Recruiting
Dexamethasone Versus Dexmedetomidine as Local Anesthetic Adjuvants in Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Total Abdominal Hysterectomies [NCT03064633]	Phase 4	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-08	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Added to Modified Pectoral's Block in Patient Undergoing Breast Cancer Surgery :A Comparative Study [NCT03063073]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-02-25	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Dexamethasone as Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Bilevel Erector Spinae Plane Block in Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT05591417]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-27	Recruiting
Combined Use of Dexmedetomidine and Hydrocortisone to Prevent New Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery [NCT05674253]	Early Phase 1	248 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-25	Recruiting
Opioid-Free Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery [NCT04940689]	Phase 3	268 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-01	Not yet recruiting
The Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil Infusion in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Outpatient Cataract Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Blinded Study [NCT04935541]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Completed
The Application and Validation of Triple Drug Response Surface Models on Density Spectral Array in Clinical Anesthesia [NCT05525351]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-10-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparison Of Dexmedetomidine And Ketamine For Control Of Shivering In Vaginal Hysterectomy Proceeded Under Spinal Anesthesia [NCT05481281]	Phase 3	104 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-08-01	Not yet recruiting
Dexmedetomidine and IV Acetaminophen for the Prevention of Postoperative Delirium Following Cardiac Surgery in Adult Patients 60 Years of Age and Older [NCT02546765]	Phase 4	140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Combined With Nalbuphine Advanced Analgesia on the Quality of Recovery After General Anesthesia in Elderly Patients [NCT05769530]	Phase 4	360 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-01	Not yet recruiting
Intravenous Versus Perineural Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant in Adductor Canal Block for Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT04266145]		56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-29	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Infusion as an Analgesic Adjuvant During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03211871]	Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-05-01	Recruiting
The Effect of Different Sedation Protocols on Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Mechanical Ventilated Patients [NCT03402113]		360 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-12-20	Recruiting
The Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine as an Additive to Ropivacaine for Interscalene Brachial Plexus Blocks for Shoulder Surgery [NCT01557270]	Phase 3	62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
The Comparison of Serum Potassium Concentration, Antiarrhythmic Effect, and Myocardial Protective Effect Between Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil Infusion in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery [NCT01572454]		77 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing a Surgery Under Desflurane Anesthesia [NCT01578161]	Phase 4	116 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Recruiting
[NCT01578174]		66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-04-30	Completed
Comparative Study Between Intravenous Nalbuphine Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Conscious Sedation in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy [NCT05689242]	Phase 4	66 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-31	Not yet recruiting
[NCT01617694]		65 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil Infusion on Postoperative Sore Throat After Lumbar Spine Surgery in the Prone Position [NCT05345574]		104 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-12-26	Recruiting
Phase 4 Study of Postoperative Analgesic Effect Of Dexmedetomidine Administration in Wound Infiltration For Total Abdominal Hysterectomy [NCT01929252]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
Effect of Clonidine vs. Dexmedetomidine in Addition to Standard Treatment in Agitated Delirium in Intensive Care Patients: Pilot Study. [NCT04758936]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-02-01	Recruiting
Impact of Intraoperative Goal-directed Blood Pressure Management and Dexmedetomidine on Outcomes of High-risk Patients After Major Abdominal Surgeries: a 2×2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03933306]	Phase 4	496 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-20	Active, not recruiting
The Synergistic Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Propofol for Sedation for Pediatric Endoscopy [NCT02952222]	Phase 4	39 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-11	Active, not recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Incidence of Delirium in Elderly Patients After Cancer Surgery: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03012984]		1,500 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-06	Completed
Post-Operative Infusion of Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine for the Control of Post-Operative Pain in Thoracotomy Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Pilot Study [NCT00345384]	Phase 1/Phase 2	38 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-05-31	Completed
The Effects of Mild Sedation on Compensatory Upper Limb Motor Function Networks Based on Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging in With Gliomas in Brain Eloquent Areas [NCT03984240]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-01	Recruiting
Randomised Study Comparing the Use of Propofol Versus the Use of Dexmedetomidine as a Sedative Agent for Patients Presented for Lower Gastrointestinal Endoscopy [NCT03466632]	Phase 3	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-04-01	Recruiting
IN Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Sedation in Pediatric Closed Reductions for Distal Forearm Fractures. Timmons Z MD, Feudale B MD Children Presenting to the ED With Distal Forearm Extremity Fractures Often Require Re-alignment Under Conscious Sedation. T [NCT03466242]	Early Phase 1	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-05-01	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Concealed Allocation Comparison of Respiratory Depression and Coughing During Bronchoscopy With Dexmedetomidine-ketamine as an Adjunct to Fentanyl-midazolam Sedation [NCT01158820]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
Adding Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl to Bupivacaine for Epidural Analgesia in Combination With General Anesthesia for Elective Lumbar Disc Operations: Prospective, Randomized Double-blinded Study [NCT03438240]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-12	Completed
Sedation Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam in Critically Ill Ventilated Children [NCT04082767]	Phase 3	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-08	Recruiting
A Study on the Relationship Between Biodiversity of Intestinal Microbiota in Patients and Different Sedative-hypnotics Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation [NCT03401736]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Can't get enough participant)
Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Two Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuncts to Lidocaine for Intravenous Regional Anesthesia: Randomized Clinical Trial. [NCT03399474]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-01	Completed
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Swallowing Function: a Randomized, Double-Blind Study in Healthy Volunteers [NCT03390972]	Phase 4	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-01-22	Not yet recruiting
A Pilot Study: a Non-opioid Technique for Postoperative Adenoidectomy Pain Relief in Pediatric Patients [NCT03714919]	Phase 2	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-02	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine to Facilitate Non-invasive Ventilation After Blunt Chest Trauma [NCT05175781]		45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-18	Completed
The Effect of a Regimen of Opioid Sparing Anesthesia on Postoperative Recovery [NCT05594407]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-08-01	Recruiting
Lymphatic System Health in Alzheimer's Disease [NCT04205539]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-10	Withdrawn(stopped due to Pending COVID-19 pandemic)
Comparison of Recovery Profiles of Propofol, Dexmedetomidine, and Remimazolam for Monitored Anesthetic Care in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgery Under Brachial Plexus Block : a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05688345]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-25	Not yet recruiting
Caudal Epidural With Non Opioid Adjuvants in Lumbosacral Spine Surgery [NCT04411329]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-06	Completed
Brain Regions and Functional Neuronal Network Characteristics of Dexmedetomidine Analgesia Under Intraoperative fMRI [NCT05500703]	Phase 4	12 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-15	Recruiting
Determinants of Chronotropic Incompetence in Patients With Heart Failure and a Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) [NCT02524145]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Compared to Ketofol for Sedation in Paediatrics Undergoing Dental Procedures: a Comparative Study [NCT04678050]	Phase 1	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-10-10	Completed
Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Hip Surgery Under Spinal Anaesthesia [NCT03793751]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-01	Completed
A Comparative Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Esmketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine During Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Children With Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Consort-prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT04877639]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-01	Recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Sleep Quality in Patients at High-risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea After Major Surgery: A Randomized, Double-blind, and Placebo-controlled Pilot Study [NCT04608331]	Phase 4	152 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-29	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Different Doses as Adjuvant to Entropy-assisted General Anesthesia During Functional Endoscopy Sinus Surgery. A Randomized Comparative Study [NCT05226325]		99 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-02-15	Completed
Safety, Feasibility, and Acceptability of Patient-Controlled Anxiolysis With Dexmedetomidine (PCA-DEX) for Burn-care Dressing Changes [NCT02409810]	Phase 1/Phase 2	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-04-30	Completed
Eliminating Use of Non Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Agents to Reduce Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Multi-center, Randomized Control Trial [NCT03962725]	Phase 4	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-07	Terminated(stopped due to Study terminated due to lack of enrollment.)
A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Study of Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) Infusion for Improving Control of Acute Autonomic Response During Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery [NCT00363935]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-01	Withdrawn
The Effect of Combination of Dexmedetomidine and Sufentanil in Patient-controlled Intravenous Analgesia on Pediatric Patients Undergoing Scoliosis Surgery [NCT05249153]		84 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-23	Recruiting
The Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine to the Local Anesthetic Solution for Ultrasonography-guided TAP Block in Inguinal Hernia Repair [NCT04403711]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-04-01	Recruiting
The Incidence of Postoperative Delirium According to the Different Intraoperative Sedatives, Dexmedetomidine vs. Propofol, in Elderly Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Lower Limb Surgery With Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Trial [NCT03251651]		748 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-15	Completed
A Comparison of S-ketamin, Dexmedetomidine, and Combination as Premedication in Children Undergoing ENT Surgery [NCT04757675]	Early Phase 1	320 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Completed
Ancillary Effects of Dexmedetomidine Sedation After Cardiac Surgery [NCT02004613]	Phase 4	798 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
A Pilot Study to Assess the Amnesic Properties of Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Patients [NCT02354378]		84 participants (Actual)	Observational	2012-08-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Post-operative Cognitive Function and Oxidative Stress in Patients Undergo Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine Facilitated Elective Cardiac Surgery [NCT03054857]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
the Safety and Effectiveness of the Effects on the Perioperative Pain Control Comparing Between the Thoracic Paravertebral Nerve Block Using the Camera Guided and the Intrathoracic Intercostals Nerve Block for the Management of Nonintubated Local Regional [NCT03086213]		48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-01	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Oral Paracetamol as a Pre-anaesthetic Medication in Pediatric Age Group Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Randomised Clinical Trial [NCT04949477]	Phase 2	86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-01	Completed
Perioperative Multimodal General AnesTHesia Focusing on Specific CNS Targets in Patients Undergoing carDiac surgERies - the PATHFINDER II Study [NCT05279898]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-02-28	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Determine Efficacy and Safety of BXCL501 in Agitation Associated With Pediatric Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder [NCT05025605]	Phase 1	140 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-27	Recruiting
Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block Using Ropivacaine Alone or Combined With Dexmedetomidine for Upper Limb Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded, Comparative Study [NCT02393677]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-07-31	Completed
Opioid Sparing Anaesthesia Via Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine and Lidocaine Infusion for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery [NCT04706897]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-15	Completed
A Phase Ib Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multiple Ascending Dose Study to Determine Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics and Safety of BXCL501 in Agitation Associated With Schizophrenia [NCT04010305]	Phase 1	135 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-22	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Patients Undergoing Awake Craniotomies: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05195034]		210 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-31	Recruiting
Influence of Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine on Opioid Consumption, Cognitive Function and Incidence of Neuropathic Pain in Laparoscopic Intestine Resection [NCT02616523]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Role of Dexmeditomidine HCL for Prevention of Shivering in Obstetrical Spinal Anesthesia, a Randomized Controlled Double Blind Parallel Study. [NCT05342376]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-01	Recruiting
A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia Following Bunionectomy [NCT02169336]	Phase 2	95 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of observed efficacy)
Comparing Effect of Propofol, Dexmedetomidine and Their Combination on Duration Mechanical Ventilation in Patient After Cardiac Surgery [NCT05451121]		356 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-01	Completed
Effect of Propofol vs Dexmedetomidine or Propofol+Dexmedetomidine on Reducing the Frequency of Arrhythmia in Patients After Cardiac Surgery [NCT05450497]		356 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-01	Completed
A Double-blinded, Randomized Trial Comparing the Safety & Efficacy of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine, Intranasal Fentanyl & Intranasal Midazolam in the Pediatric Emergency Room [NCT05057689]	Phase 2	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-31	Not yet recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Post-operative Blood Pressure in Patients Undergoing Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Embolization [NCT03076099]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-01	Recruiting
Pain, Agitation and Delirium Protocol in Ventilated Patients in the Duke CICU [NCT02903407]	Phase 4	7 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-01	Terminated(stopped due to All enrolled participants completed the study protocol but the study was terminated prior to the goal number of participants due to low recruitment)
Comparison Between the Effect of Dexmedetomidine, Melatonin and Pregabalin on Hypotensive Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery [NCT05829148]	Early Phase 1	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-01	Not yet recruiting
Nebulized Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ketamine Versus Nebulized Dexmedetomidine to Induce Preoperative Sedation and Attenuate Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Cleft Palate Repair Surgeries [NCT05821972]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-15	Not yet recruiting
Nebulized Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Managing Sevoflurane Induced Emergence Agitation After Pediatric Tonsillectomy [NCT05641376]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-02-01	Recruiting
Propofol-dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol-remifentanil Conscious Sedation for Awake Craniotomy During Epilepsy Surgery [NCT02988050]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-08-31	Completed
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine Dose on Motor Evoked Potentials During Spine Surgery: A Randomized, Single-blind Trial [NCT03378973]	Phase 4	7 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-28	Terminated(stopped due to No longer clinically relevant)
A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled, Ascending Starting Dose Finding, Safety, and Efficacy Study of BXCL501 in Agitation Associated With Delirium in ICU Patients. [NCT05313386]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-23	Withdrawn(stopped due to The study stopped early, before enrolling its first participant)
An Observer-blinded Randomized Study of Propofol Infusion vs Bolus Dexmedetomidine and Propofol Sedation for Pediatric Magnetic Resonance Imaging [NCT03513757]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-04	Completed
Multimodal Analgesia in Cardiac Surgery (Pilot Study) [NCT02734940]	Phase 4	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-11	Terminated(stopped due to Unable to find participants who met inclusion/exclusion criteria)
The Effect of Intramuscular Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing With or Without Tube Insertion Under General Anesthesia [NCT01535287]	Phase 4	140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-01-04	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in Treating Post Spinal Anesthesia Shivering: A Clinically Controlled Dose-finding Study. [NCT02382432]	Phase 2	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
Sex Disparities in Hypoxic Sympatholysis and Impact of Obesity [NCT04436731]	Early Phase 1	104 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-09	Recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as a Sedative in Pediatric Dentistry: a Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Study [NCT02985697]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Not yet recruiting
An Open Label Pilot Study of Feasibility of a Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil-Caudal Anaesthetic for Infant Lower Abdominal/Lower Extremity Surgery: The TREX Pilot Study [NCT02353182]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
Effect of Sublingual Formulation of Dexmedetomidine HCl (BXCL501) on Ethanol in Heavy Drinkers With PTSD - Alcohol Interaction Study [NCT04827056]	Phase 1	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-11-09	Completed
A Phase 1b/2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Ascending-Dose Study of BXCL501 to Treat Symptoms of Acute Opioid Withdrawal in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Who Are Physically Dependent on Opioids [NCT04470050]	Phase 1/Phase 2	225 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-09	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketorolac/ Midazolam on Perioperative Outcome During Retinal Surgery. [NCT03143244]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-01	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Renal Function and Delayed Graft Function After Kidney Transplantation [NCT03327389]		104 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-11-01	Recruiting
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine for Cough Suppression During Anesthetic Emergence in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Controlled Trial [NCT03312413]	Phase 4	400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-08-10	Recruiting
Comparing Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine and Dexmetedomidine-Ketamine Combination to Control Shivering During Regional Anaethesia [NCT03302351]	Phase 4	94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-01	Completed
Investigating Polypharmacy-related Adverse Events in Critically Ill Children [NCT03293927]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-09	Withdrawn(stopped due to No participants enrolled in study.)
Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Levobupivacaine for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Elderly Patients Undergoing Inguinal Hernia Repair Surgery: Could it Make a Difference? [NCT04971759]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-01	Completed
ROle of Dexmedetomidine in Modifying Immune Paralysis In Patient With Septic Shock: Randomized Controlled Trial (RODIS Trial) [NCT03989609]	Phase 2	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-20	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Pharmacokinetics on Patients Under General Anesthesia [NCT05065775]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-11-01	Completed
the Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Coracoid Approach Brachial Plexus Block [NCT02961361]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-12	Completed
Dose Response Study of Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) of Dexmedetomidine in Orthopaedic Spine Surgery Patients [NCT02454881]	Phase 4	107 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
Can Dexmedetomidine Improve the Analgesic Duration and Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block in Breast Cancer Surgeries? [NCT04920669]		58 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-01	Completed
A Randomized Comparison Between Perineural Dexamethasone and Perineural Mixture of Dexamethasone-Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants for Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Block [NCT04875039]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-31	Completed
Does Perineural Dexmedetomidine Prolong the Duration of an Ulnar Nerve Block When Controlling for Possible Systemic Effects? [NCT03222323]	Phase 2	22 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-07-17	Recruiting
Expression Profiling of microRNA Following Administration of Dexmedetomidine in Patients Undergoing Procedures [NCT03213743]		3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-19	Completed
Premedication With Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Sedation of Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty [NCT04859283]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-10	Recruiting
Comparison of Lidocaine, Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine in Multimodal Analgesia Management Following Sleeve Gastrectomy Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial [NCT04836819]		78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-04-08	Completed
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammatory Mediators After One Lung Ventilation During Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery [NCT02439905]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Addition to Intrathecal Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia in Cancer Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery [NCT02435537]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-05-31	Completed
Effects of Single Dose Dexmedetomidine or Dexmedetomidine Combined With Dexamethasone on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Breast Cancer [NCT02550795]		150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Use of Dexmedetomidine in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery [NCT02375243]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
Adjuvant Effect of Dexmedetomidine for the Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Laparascopic Cholecystectomy: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. [NCT02331563]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to patients should have assurance to attend this study, money is the main problem)
Caudal Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Caudal Analgesia in Children: A Randomised Controlled Double Blind Study [NCT02416063]	Phase 2	75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
The Effect of Sevoflurane-dexmedetomidine and Sevoflurane-remifentanil on Biochemical Markers During Open Heart Surgery [NCT02405689]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
Comparative Study of Propofol Versus Dexmedetomidine for Conscious Sedation During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation [NCT05462938]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-11	Recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine in Patients With Agitated Delirium in Palliative Care: an Open-label Phase 1/2 Proof-of-concept, Feasibility, and Dose-finding Clinical Trial [NCT04824144]	Phase 1/Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-11-14	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine , Fentanyl or Nalbuphine As Additives to Epidural Bupivacaine for Labor Analgesia. A Double Blind Randomized Study. [NCT05746351]		69 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-31	Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Cardiac Troponin I and Glycogen Phosphorylase Isoenzyme BB in Patients Undergoing Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting [NCT03163693]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Active, not recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Delirium and Long-term Outcomes in Elderly After Hip Fracture Surgery: A Multicenter, Double-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04955249]	Phase 4	1,440 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-18	Recruiting
Combined Intravenous Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as Adjuncts to Popliteal and Saphenous Nerve Blocks in Patients Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery of the Foot and Ankle. A Randomised, Blinded, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Clinical Trial [NCT04818749]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-02	Completed
Cerebral Protection Effect of Selective Head Cooling and Dexmedetomidine in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation [NCT03102359]	Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-04-05	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Internal Environment and Rehabilitation of Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Malignant Tumor Resection [NCT04771637]		140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-01	Completed
[NCT02375191]		58 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Comparison of Sedative Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol on the Clinical Course of Delirium and Neuroinflammation in Patients With SIRS. [NCT02366299]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-02-28	Withdrawn
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Quality of Recovery in Parturients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Sections: a Randomized Comparative Study [NCT05991466]	Phase 4	141 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-01	Completed
A Randomized Comparative Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dexmedetomidine As An Adjuvant With Bupivacaine In Supraclavicular Block In Chronic Renal Failure Patients Undergoing Basilic Vein Transposition Surgery [NCT05991375]	Phase 4	108 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-15	Completed
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Intraoperative Neuroendocrine Stress Response and Early Postoperative Quality of Recovery in Non-functioning Pituitary Adenoma Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Tumor Surgery [NCT05005715]	Phase 2	64 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-30	Not yet recruiting
The Effect of a Mixture of Dexmedetomidine-lidocaine-ketamine in One Syringe Versus Opioids on Recovery Profile and Postoperative Pain After Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery [NCT04858711]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-01	Recruiting
Closed Loop Acoustic Stimulation During Sedation With Dexmedetomidine [NCT04206059]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-20	Active, not recruiting
Comparison of The Effectiveness of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Sedation at Dose of 2 mcg/kg and 4 mcg/kg in Children Undergoing MRI at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [NCT05091151]		94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-02-01	Completed
Effects of Multimodal General Anesthesia for Older Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Fusion Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05247177]		160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-28	Recruiting
Phase III Randomized Placebo-controlled Double Blind Comparative Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of DA-9501 in Sedation During the Surgery With Epidural Anesthesia or Spinal Anesthesia Without Intubation Under Monitored Sedation Care [NCT01438957]	Phase 3	119 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-03	Completed
Comparison of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Effect in the Duration of Spinal Anesthesia [NCT03143010]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-05-07	Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine in the Analgesic Prophylaxis , in Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05079672]	Phase 4	102 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-10-07	Recruiting
Evaluating Stress Response and Anxiety Score in Paediatric Patients Sedated With Intranasal Dexmedetomidine [NCT04526652]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Remifentanil Target Controlled Infusion for Sedation During Awake Fibreoptic Nasotracheal Intubation [NCT01474213]	Phase 4	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
The Effect of a Dexmedetomidine-focussed Sleep Protocol* on Delirium Incidence and Healthcare Costs in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Randomized, Double-blind, Pilot Study. [NCT01791296]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-01-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine vs. Remifentanil for Patient and Surgeon Satisfaction in Cataract Surgery Under Controlled Sedation [NCT03401606]	Phase 4	98 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-01	Terminated(stopped due to a respiratory depression in remifentanyl group)
Perioperative Low-dose Dexmedetomidine Decreases Incidence of Delirium in Liver Transplant Patients [NCT02245256]	Phase 4	217 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-01	Completed
Effects of Peri-neural Dexmedetomidine on the Pharmacodynamic Profile of Bupivacaine-induced Adductor Canal Block in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Medial Meniscectomy [NCT03030950]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-25	Completed
[NCT03013634]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium Inflammasome Activation Inhibition [NCT03588988]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intranasal Midazolam as Anxiolysis Prior to Pediatric Laceration Repair in the Emergency Department [NCT02168439]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants to Ropivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Multilevel Thoracic Paravertebral Block for Lobectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Triple-blind Study [NCT04763434]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-20	Not yet recruiting
A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Tumor Recurrence in Patients With Primary Breast Cancer [NCT03109990]		148 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
The Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine in Improving Delirium After Cardiac Surgery [NCT04127500]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-08-01	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Reduces Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy With Propofol Anesthesia: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Single-center Study. [NCT03131375]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Dexamethasone Adding to Ondansetron for Prophylaxis Against Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy [NCT06017167]	Phase 2	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-15	Recruiting
A Comparative Study of Intravenous Versus Peribulbar Administration of Dexmedetomidine for Strabismus Surgery in Adults [NCT05215158]		46 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-28	Completed
Non-invasive Ventilation and Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Adults: a Vanguard Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial (inDEX Trial) [NCT04878510]	Phase 3	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-03-07	Active, not recruiting
The Effect of Intramuscular Dexmedetomidine Versus Oral Gabapentin Premedication on the Emergence Agitation After Rhinoplasty. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial. [NCT05626998]	Phase 4	153 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-11-01	Completed
Multimodal Opioid-free Anesthesia Versus Opioid-based Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04648540]	Early Phase 1	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-12-01	Completed
Impact of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine and Their Combination for the Reduction of Postoperative Morphine Requirements After VATS Surgery [NCT03596424]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-02-01	Recruiting
Phase IV, Open-Label, Safety Study Evaluating the Use of Dexmedetomidine in Pediatric Subjects Undergoing Procedure-Type Sedation [NCT01519167]	Phase 4	91 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Completed
Effect of Intrathecal Morphine, Dexmedetomidine or Both in Combination to Bupivacaine on Immunity in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Cancer Surgeries [NCT03024957]	Phase 1/Phase 2	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Active, not recruiting
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Combined With Oral Midazolam for Procedure Sedation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders During Magnetic Resonance Imaging [NCT03597477]		136 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-07-16	Completed
Dexmedetomidine for Treatment of Shivering During Scheduled Elective Cesarean Delivery: Determining the Optimal Dose [NCT04730609]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-09-21	Recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in Painless Colonoscopy: a Single-center, Randomized Study [NCT03892928]		104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Sublingual Film for the Management of Agitation in Delirium: Safety and Preliminary Efficacy [NCT04382170]	Phase 2	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-06-30	Not yet recruiting
Study on Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Nasal Spray for Preoperative Sedation in Adults [NCT04383418]	Phase 2/Phase 3	201 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-05-31	Active, not recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine During Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation for Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study [NCT00871624]	Phase 2	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Sedation and General Anesthesia With Laryngeal Mask in Therapeutic Bronchoscopy [NCT03406546]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-01	Terminated(stopped due to The sample size should be re-calculated based on the first 20 cases.)
ICU Delirium: Can Dexmedetomidine Reduce Its Incidence? [NCT00417664]		90 participants (Actual)	Observational	2002-04-30	Completed
Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine and Their Combination to Bupivicaine in Thoracic Epidural Analgesia on Post-mastectomy Pain [NCT03063671]	Phase 2/Phase 3	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Completed
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Analgesia After Radical Mastectomy: Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05110339]		28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-11-01	Completed
Quality of Recovery of Opioid Free Anaesthesia Versus Opioids Anaesthesia Within Enhanced Recovery Protocol Following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Saudi Arabia, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04285255]		103 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-01	Completed
Comparative Effects of Nebulized Dexmedetomidine Versus Neostigmine / Atropine in Treating Postdural Puncture Headache After Cesarean Section: A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04910477]	Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Completed
Medical Records Investigation of Whether Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Will Reduce the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation or Hospital Length of Stay in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery [NCT05038111]		81 participants (Actual)	Observational	2021-03-11	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Nalbuphine as an Adjuvant to Intrathecal Bupivacaine in Lower Limb Surgeries [NCT05347173]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-21	Recruiting
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Pain Management During Screening for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06067958]	Phase 3	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl to Prevent Hemodynamic Response to Skull Pins Application in Neurosurgery:Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03077503]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-01	Completed
Evaluation of the Effects of Two Different Sedation Protocols Used in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia on Cardiac Electrophysiology [NCT05757063]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-03-01	Completed
Using Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter to Monitor Intracranial Tension in Pre-Eclamptic Parturient Receiving Magnesium Sulfate in Combination With Dexmedetomidine [NCT05610774]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-20	Recruiting
Role of Adding Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine and Magnesium Sulphate to Caudal Block as Preemptive Analgesia in Hypospadias Repair in Pediatrics: a Randomized Double-blinded Trial [NCT05837000]	Phase 4	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-15	Recruiting
Effect of Administration of Intratracheal Dexmedetomidine on Recovery From General Anesthesia in Pediatrics Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery: a Randomized Double-blinded Controlled Study. [NCT04385602]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Completed
Comparison Between Combined Regional Nasal Block and General Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia With Dexmedetomidine During Endoscopic Sinus Surgery [NCT05361642]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-03	Recruiting
The Role of Dexmedetomidine As Myocardial Protection In Pediatric Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Open Cardiac Surgery Using Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine: A Preliminary Study [NCT05300802]	Phase 2/Phase 3	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-16	Completed
Intraoperative Infusion of Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: a Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05168280]		420 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-18	Recruiting
A Phase IV Single Center Cross Over Clinical Study Comparing Two Different Sedations Strategies for Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Neurological Critical Illness [NCT00538616]	Phase 1/Phase 2	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
A Phase II/III, Open-Label, Multicenter, Safety, and Efficacy Study of Dexmedetomidine in Preterm Subjects Ages ≥28 Weeks to <36 Weeks Gestational Age [NCT01508455]	Phase 2/Phase 3	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Outcomes During MRI Sedation With Midazolam-dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine-dexmedetomidine [NCT02129426]		21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Terminated(stopped due to Unable to recruit the adequate number of subjects)
Dexmedetomidine as a Rapid Bolus for Treatment and Prophylactic Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Anesthetized Children [NCT01528891]	Phase 3	418 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
The Effect of Sedation on Eye Movements [NCT00646646]		65 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
Dexmedetomidine vs. Midazolam for Facilitating Extubation in Medical and Surgical ICU Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study [NCT00744380]		23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-08-31	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil on the Postoperative Sore Throat After Thyroidectomy [NCT03805568]		74 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-05	Completed
Opioid-free Anesthesia With a Mixture of Dexmedetomidine-lidocaine-ketamine in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies [NCT05089526]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-10-11	Recruiting
Pilot Study on the Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammatory Responses in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spinal Fusion [NCT01377623]		66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-09-30	Terminated
Hemodynamic Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Heavy Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia [NCT02155010]		74 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Adenosine: Electrophysiologic Effects and Therapeutic Use for Terminating Supraventricular Tachycardia [NCT01495481]		22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
Comparison of Changes in Upper Airway Dimensions With Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Children Undergoing MRI [NCT01505933]	Phase 2	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Terminated(stopped due to finding it difficult to recruit.)
Effect of Single-dose Dexmedetomidine on Airway Reflex in Adult With Oral Intubation After Thyroidectomy [NCT01774305]	Phase 4	141 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-12-31	Completed
Can Subarachnoid Dexmedetomidine Decrease the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting and Shivering With Minimal Hemodynamic Instability in CS? [NCT05892705]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Completed
Testing the Feasibility of Patient Controlled Sedation for Ventilated ICU Patients [NCT01606852]	Phase 1/Phase 2	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Completed
Subtenon Versus Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia and Vomiting Control in Infantile Cataract Surgery [NCT02495220]	Phase 2/Phase 3	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Recruiting
Impact of Prophylactic Use of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Patients After Intracranial Operation for Brain Tumor: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04494828]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-08-10	Completed
A Prospective, Randomized, Active-Comparator, Open-Label, Non-Inferiority Study of the Efficacy of Continuous Nerve Block vs Single Block Plus Intravenous Lidocaine for Postoperative Pain. [NCT04208516]	Phase 4	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-26	Terminated(stopped due to Recruitment was unable to be obtained in a timely fashion, so the study was stopped.)
Safety of Dexmedetomidine in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury [NCT01007773]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Study will not be intiated)
[NCT02490072]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Completed
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Laceration Repair in Children: a Dose-finding Study [NCT03957304]	Phase 2	55 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-20	Completed
Adding Dexmedetomidine to Caudal Bupivacaine for Analgesia in Supra - Umbilical Pediatric Surgeries: Would it Add More Analgesia [NCT03307590]	Phase 2/Phase 3	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-01	Completed
The Safety and Effectiveness of Cholinergic Receptor Block Therapy in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [NCT04391361]	Phase 2	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-01	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Anesthetic Drugs on Neurocognitive Function in Children With Retinoblastoma Requiring Multiple Anesthetic Exposure - Preliminary Study [NCT04700514]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-02-05	Recruiting
Association Between Anesthetic Drugs for General Anesthesia and Postoperative Intelligence/Behavioral Assessment Results in Children [NCT04364945]		400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-06-17	Active, not recruiting
Pilot Analysis of the Association Between Types of Anesthetic and Outcomes in Transfemoral Aortic Valve Replacement [NCT02786264]		186 participants (Actual)	Observational	2016-05-31	Completed
Influence of Spinal or Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Spinal Anesthesia With Chloroprocaine and Bladder Function in Day-case Surgery. A Double Blind Randomized Study. [NCT02282319]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
Opioid Free Anesthesia in Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Randomized, Controlled and Triple-blind Clinical Trial [NCT05072704]	Phase 3	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-02-03	Completed
Comparision Between Hemodynamic Response of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil for Epinephrine Local Injection in Patient With Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Under General Anesthesia [NCT02464722]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Enrolling by invitation
The Potential Renal Protective Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Patients During Radical Cystectomy [NCT03265470]		100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-01	Completed
Peri-operative Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Mild Pre-eclamptic Patients Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section Under General Anesthesia [NCT03391609]	Phase 2/Phase 3	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-18	Completed
Trial of Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol Sedation for Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea [NCT05303987]	Phase 2	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-05	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Clonidine Adjuvants to Levobupivacaine for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Pediatric Laparoscopic Orcheopexy: Randomized Double-blind Study [NCT03155646]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-10	Completed
Multimodal Analgesia Versus Traditional Opiate Based Analgesia and Cardiac Surgery Outcome [NCT03521167]		225 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-05-01	Not yet recruiting
Comparative Low and High Dose of Dexmedethomidine Can Stabilize Hemodynamics and Blood Loss in Pituitary Tumor Removal by Transphenoid Approach [NCT03132259]	Phase 4	124 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Augments Block of Sympathetic Responses to Skin Incision During Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children [NCT02261675]		63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
Dexmedetomidine Versus Fentanyl Added to Levobupivacaine for Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block in Elderly Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery [NCT03778671]	Phase 1/Phase 2	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-01	Completed
Haemodynamic Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Relation to Autonomic System Activity [NCT02566863]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
The Effect of Premedication Methods to be Applied to Prevent Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Who Will be Operated for Breast Cancer, on Postoperative Anxiety and Pain [NCT05647642]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-10-16	Recruiting
Effect of Preoperative Rectus Sheath Block on Quality of Recovery in Single Port Laparoscopic Adnexal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05984212]		56 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Comparative Evaluation of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants for Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Infraorbital Nerve Block in Infants for Cleft Lip Repair [NCT03480607]	Phase 4	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-01	Completed
The Efficacy and the Safety of Dexmedetomidine Sedation on the PICU Patients-A Randomized, Controlled Study. [NCT02296073]	Phase 4	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Not yet recruiting
The Influence of Epigenetic Modification in OPRM1 on Postoperative Analgesia and Side Effect Induced by μ-opioid Receptor Agonists [NCT03135795]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-02-06	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Infusion in Reducing Agitations in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy [NCT05164627]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-08	Active, not recruiting
The Influence of Dexmedetomidine Hypnosis on Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Volume, Brain Diffusion and 'Stiffness' Characteristics [NCT03757897]	Early Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to The investigators were unable to implement a MRI compatible EEG for use in human subjects (equipment and technical issues).)
The Research About the Target Effect-site Concentration of Remifentanil Inhibiting Stress Reaction of the Perineal Prostate Puncture When Dexmedetomidine Being Continuous Pumping [NCT03428191]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2017-01-31	Recruiting
Thoracic Paravertebral Blocks Using a Combination of Ropivacaine and Dexmedetomidine [NCT03677115]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to no participants enrolled)
Comparison of the Effect of Intravenous Continuous Dexmedetomidine Infusion and Dexmedetomidine as a Local Anesthetic Adjuvant in Subcostal Transverse Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Gastric Cancer Surgery [NCT03393403]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-12-23	Recruiting
Usefulness of Bispectal Index (BIS) on Depth of Sedation With Dexmedetomidine, Propofol and Midazolam During Spinal Anesthesia : a Prospective Randomized Study [NCT03399019]		45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-05	Recruiting
Does LOW Dose DEXmedetomidine After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Separation Decrease the Incidence of DELirium: A Double-blind Randomized Placebo-controlled Study (LOWDEXDEL Study) [NCT03388541]	Phase 4	420 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-17	Completed
A Randomized, Prospective, Double Blind Clinical Trial to Investigate the Increase in Duration of Analgesia With Addition of 0.25mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) to 25 ml of 0.5%Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block. [NCT03385967]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to PI is leaving the University of Florida)
Effects and Mechanism of Pretreatment With Dexmedetomidine to Etomidate Induce Myoclonus During General Anesthesia Induction Period [NCT02518789]	Phase 4	132 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Evaluation of the Postoperative Agitation Prevention and Analgesic Efficacy of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion in a Pediatric Patient Group to Undergo Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy [NCT05986942]		80 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2023-10-09	Completed
Comparison of Pain and Comfort in Patients Following Cardiac Surgery: Opioid- Morphine Managed Versus Multimodal Pain-management [NCT04987372]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-21	Completed
Comparison Between Effect of Addition of Dexamethasone and Dexmedetomidine in Combination With Bupivacaine for Pain Relief After Shoulder Arthroscopic Surgeries [NCT05705128]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-01	Recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy, and Safety Study of BXCL501 For The Treatment of Agitation Associated With Dementia [NCT05276830]	Phase 2	5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-02-08	Terminated(stopped due to Study was terminated for business reasons; not due to safety or efficacy concerns)
Effect of Intravenous Infusion of Lidocaine in Comparison to Intravenous Infusion of Dexmedetomidine on Proinflammatory Cytokines and Stress Response in Pelviabdominal Cancer Surgeries [NCT04148599]	Phase 3	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-02	Completed
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in EVAR [NCT04766047]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-30	Not yet recruiting
A Comparative Study of Postoperative Analgesia of Different Intrathecal Additives for Spinal Anaesthesia in Elective Caesarean Sections [NCT04747171]		105 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-30	Not yet recruiting
Comparative Study Between TIVA Vs Inhalational Modes of Anaesthesia in Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT03807297]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-10	Completed
Can Dexmedetomidine For Procedural Sedation In Knee Arthroplasty Reduce Postoperative Pain? A Randomized Control Study [NCT02026141]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
Efficacy And Safety of BXCL501 Evaluated For At-Home Use In A Multisite Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial For Agitation Associated With Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder [NCT05658510]	Phase 3	450 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-21	Active, not recruiting
Impact of an Opioid Free Anesthesia Protocol Compared to Multimodal Anesthesia on Postoperative Morphine Consumption in an Enhanced Recovery After Gastric Bypass Surgery Protocol: a Prospective, Double Blind Study [NCT05004519]		183 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-05	Completed
The Effects of Different Anesthetics on Functional Connectivity in Volunteers and Patients With Brain Tumor (ACTION) [NCT03343873]		240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-04-01	Recruiting
Impact of Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine on Sleep Quality in Mechanical Ventilation Patients After Surgery in Intensive Care Unit: a Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial [NCT03335527]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-17	Completed
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Three Doses of Oral Trans-mucosal Dexmedetomidine for Premedication in Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy [NCT03120247]	Phase 2/Phase 3	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-05	Completed
Crossover Pharmacokinetic Study of Two Mode of Administration of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Healthy Adult Volunteers [NCT03323593]	Phase 3	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-05-31	Completed
Pediatric Caudal Epidural Dexmedetomidine Enhances Postoperative Analgesia of Magnesium Sulphate and Quality of Caudal Anesthesia in Lower Abdominal Surgeries [NCT02487355]	Phase 2/Phase 3	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Recruiting
Effect of Opioid-free Anesthesia on Postoperative Opioid-related Adverse Events After Major or Intermediate Non-cardiac Surgery: a Multicenter Prospective Randomized Controlled Study [NCT03316339]	Phase 3	316 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-29	Terminated(stopped due to Sponsor's decision)
Comparison of Remifentanil and Dexmedetomidine for Monitored Anaesthesia Care [NCT02476981]		75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-08-31	Completed
Effects of Serum From Patients Received Dexmedetomidine During General Anesthesia on Breast Cancer Cell Function in Vitro [NCT03108937]		24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-12	Completed
Comparison Of Dexmedetomidine And Dexamethasone As An Adjuvant To Bupivacaine In Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block In Upper Limb Surgeries [NCT04791475]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-02-22	Completed
Effect of Perioperative Intravenous Infusion of Dexmedetomidine vs. Lidocaine on Postoperative Pain, Analgesic Consumption, Bowel Function and Recovery After Abdominal Gynaecological Surgery: a Randomised Double Blind Study [NCT03363425]	Phase 2/Phase 3	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-11-14	Recruiting
A Comparison of Two Doses of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Premedication in Children - a Double- Blind Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT02459509]	Phase 4	140 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Recruiting
Intrathecally Administered Ketamine, Dexmedetomidine, and Their Combination With Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Major Abdominal Cancer Surgery [NCT02455609]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Active, not recruiting
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Patients With Coronary Heart Disease After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention:A Double-Blinded, Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT03095469]	Early Phase 1	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-08-20	Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on the Neurotoxicity From General Anesthesia Assessed by Plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein [NCT03234660]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-01	Completed
Comparison of Opioid Based and Opioid Free Anaesthesia in Transsphenoidal Surgery for Haemodynamic Stability and Recovery Characteristics [NCT03120234]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Completed
Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation With Single Dose of Dexmedetomidine in Hypertensive Patients [NCT03204006]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-08	Completed
Altering Sedation Paradigms to Improve Brain Injury and Survival in Severe Sepsis [NCT01739933]	Phase 3	438 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-05-15	Completed
A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol As Sole Sedative Agent for Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery [NCT02447796]	Phase 4	48 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Recruiting
The Effect of Oral Dexmedetomidine Premedication On Preoperative Cooperation and Emergence Delirium In Children Undergoing Dental Treatment [NCT03174678]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-01	Completed
Dexmedetomidine vs Propofol TIVA and Interscalene Block for Shoulder Surgeries in a Beach Chair Sitting Position [NCT02469961]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-10-31	Completed
A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Analgesia Following Bunionectomy [NCT02284243]	Phase 2	168 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Myocardial Repolarization in Children [NCT02353169]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Effect of Fixed Dose Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Delirium After General Anesthesia for a Surgery in Pediatric Patient [NCT05813106]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-01	Recruiting
Low-dose S-ketamine and Dexmedetomidine in Combination With Opioids for Patient-controlled Analgesia After Scoliosis Correction Surgery: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT04791059]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-04-09	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Trial	Outcome
NCT00205712 (3) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Anxiety Rating
NCT00205712 (3) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain Intensity
NCT00205712 (3) [back to overview]	Brief Psychiatric Ratings Scale (BPRS) Positive Symptom Subscale Score
NCT00335972 (3) [back to overview]	Intravenous Morphine Equivalents During Post-anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) After Surgery
NCT00335972 (3) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Pain Score
NCT00335972 (3) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Pressure
NCT00345384 (2) [back to overview]	Measure the Amount of Respiratory Depression in Each Groups
NCT00345384 (2) [back to overview]	Measure Any Reduction in the Amount of Opioid Administered to Patients in the Dexmedetomidine Study Arm.
NCT00351299 (3) [back to overview]	Length of Ventilator Support
NCT00351299 (3) [back to overview]	Resolution of Delirium
NCT00351299 (3) [back to overview]	Length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Stay
NCT00464490 (1) [back to overview]	Mechanical Ventilation Time
NCT00468052 (7) [back to overview]	Time to Extubation
NCT00468052 (7) [back to overview]	Time to Awaken
NCT00468052 (7) [back to overview]	Participants Requiring Morphine Rescue in PACU
NCT00468052 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With SpO2 < or Equal to 95%
NCT00468052 (7) [back to overview]	Hemodynamic Stability
NCT00468052 (7) [back to overview]	Duration of Agitation
NCT00468052 (7) [back to overview]	Emergence Agitation and Pain
NCT00480740 (1) [back to overview]	Changes in Hemodynamic Variables Recorded During Administration of Sevoflurane + Dexmedetomidine.
NCT00538616 (1) [back to overview]	Lactate/Pyruvate (L/P)Ratio
NCT00561678 (5) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Hypotension
NCT00561678 (5) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Hypertension
NCT00561678 (5) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT00561678 (5) [back to overview]	Delirium Battery
NCT00561678 (5) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Bradycardia
NCT00573066 (1) [back to overview]	PK Profile of Dexmedetomidine
NCT00576381 (1) [back to overview]	PK Profile of Dexmedetomidine
NCT00641563 (2) [back to overview]	Amplitudes (in Micro Volts) of Acoustic Event Related Potentials (Time-locked Amplitudes in the Electroencephalogram 100 Milliseconds After the Acoustic Stimulus, Averaged Over 40 Stimuli)Awake and at 3 Different Drug-induced Sedation Levels
NCT00641563 (2) [back to overview]	BIS-Index Awake and 3 Sedation Levels (RS 2/3/4)
NCT00646646 (1) [back to overview]	Dynamic Eye Movement Measures
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Received Rescue Medication for Sedation (Midazolam) and Analgesics (Fentanyl)
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Clearance (CL)
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Time Infinity (AUC0-∞)
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Time of the Last Measurable Concentration (AUC0-t)
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Level of Sedation Based on Average Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) Score
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Volume of Steady State Distribution (Vss)
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentration at Steady State (Css)
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Observed Peak Plasma Concentration
NCT00652028 (9) [back to overview]	Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2)
NCT00654329 (2) [back to overview]	Incidence of Pain
NCT00654329 (2) [back to overview]	Length of Stay in PACU
NCT00654511 (2) [back to overview]	Morphine Rescue
NCT00654511 (2) [back to overview]	Time to First Morphine Dose
NCT00671931 (1) [back to overview]	Motor Evoked Potential Amplitude
NCT00697788 (4) [back to overview]	Oxygen Saturation
NCT00697788 (4) [back to overview]	Presence of Arrhythmias.
NCT00697788 (4) [back to overview]	Percent Change in Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
NCT00697788 (4) [back to overview]	Heart Rate
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	Manifestations of Acute Stress Disorder by Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R)
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	Time From Study Drug Initiation to Tracheal Extubation
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	Cumulative Doses of Conventional Sedatives and Analgesics
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	Sedation-related Adverse Effects
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Score
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	Duration of Study Drug Administration
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	ICU Experiences by Administering ICU Stressful Experiences Questionnaire (ICU-SEQ)
NCT00744380 (8) [back to overview]	The Quality of Sedation (Assessed by the Riker Sedation-Agitation Score) and Analgesia (Assessed by the Pain Assessment Behavioral Score)
NCT00808665 (1) [back to overview]	Time Required After Surgery to Reach Fitness for Discharge From Hospital
NCT00848393 (7) [back to overview]	ABAS-II
NCT00848393 (7) [back to overview]	Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales
NCT00848393 (7) [back to overview]	Stanford-Binet Cognitive Ability
NCT00848393 (7) [back to overview]	ACTH and Cytokine Levels
NCT00848393 (7) [back to overview]	Comparisons Between Groups for Narcotic and/or Dexmedetomidine Intervention Influence on Length of CTICU Stay.
NCT00848393 (7) [back to overview]	Comparisons Between Groups for Narcotic and/or Dexmedetomidine Intervention Influence on Time on Ventilator.
NCT00848393 (7) [back to overview]	Stress Hormone Levels
NCT00853333 (1) [back to overview]	Pain Rating Change
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Total Propofol
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Weight
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Length of Anesthesia
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Total Fentanyl
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Emergence Delirium
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Total Study Drug
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Total Sevoflurane
NCT00857727 (8) [back to overview]	Length of Surgery
NCT00871624 (2) [back to overview]	Tolerability of NIV as Assessed by an NIV Tolerance Score
NCT00871624 (2) [back to overview]	Percent of Study Time Spent With a Riker-SAS Score Between 3 and 4 Inclusive
NCT00875550 (6) [back to overview]	Time to First Dose of Rescue Medication for Sedation and Analgesia
NCT00875550 (6) [back to overview]	Absolute Time on Study Drug That the Subject is Out of the Target Sedation Range (UMSS <1 or >3) While Intubated
NCT00875550 (6) [back to overview]	Absolute Time on Study Drug That the Subject is in a UMSS Range of 1 to 3 While Intubated
NCT00875550 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects That do Not Require Rescue Midazolam (MDZ) for Sedation Based on Achieving and Maintaining a Target University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS) Score of 1 to 3 While Intubated.
NCT00875550 (6) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Medication Required for Sedation and Analgesia While Intubated
NCT00875550 (6) [back to overview]	Time to Successful Extubation
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	The Occurrence of Adverse Events.
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	The Degree of Alcohol Withdrawal Assessed by Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA) Scores
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	Plasma Epinephrine Concentrations Across Groups Over Time
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	Change in 12-Hour Lorazepam Requirement Pre- and Post-Treatment
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	Change in 24-Hour Lorazepam Requirement Pre- and Post-Treatment
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	Cumulative Lorazepam Dose Over the First Seven Days of Alcohol Withdrawal
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	Duration of Study Drug Administration
NCT00936377 (8) [back to overview]	ICU Length of Stay
NCT00971178 (1) [back to overview]	Pain Score at Rest
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Surgeon Satisfaction for Adequate Sedation
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Post Operative Hemodynamic Stability
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Surgeon Satisfaction for Adequate Sedation at Completion of Procedure
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	"Time to Achieve Street Fitness"
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Adequate Sedation Via Bispectral Index Score (BIS)and University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS)
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Hemodynamic Stability Post Operatively in PACU
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Heart Rate Stability
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Respiratory Stability
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction
NCT01001429 (10) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Hemodynamic Stability
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Blood Pressure
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Blood Pressure
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction With Sedation Technique
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Picture Recall Following Dexmedetomidine Infusion Plus Midazolam.
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Ramsey Sedation Scale Score
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Respiratory Parameters: End-tidal Carbon Dioxide
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Respiratory Parameters: End-tidal Carbon Dioxide
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Respiratory Parameters: Oxyhemoglobin Saturation
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Respiratory Parameters: Oxyhemoglobin Saturation
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Respiratory Parameters: Respiratory Rate
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Primary Title: Amnesia: Lack of Recall One Day After Surgery of The Picture That Was Shown 30 Minutes Into Surgery.
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Respiratory Parameters: Respiratory Rate
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Surgeon Satisfaction With Sedation Technique
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Bispectral Index Score (BIS)
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Heart Rate
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Heart Rate
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Picture Recall at Surgery End Time.
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Picture Recall Shown 15 Minutes Into Surgery
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Picture Recall Shown 30 Minutes Into Surgery
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Picture Recall Shown Prior to Sedation.
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Recall One Day After Surgery of The Picture That Was Shown 15 Minutes Into Surgery.
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Recall One Day After Surgery of The Picture That Was Shown at Surgery End Time.
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Recall One Day After Surgery of The Picture That Was Shown Following Dexmedetomidine Infusion Plus Midazolam.
NCT01017237 (24) [back to overview]	Amnesia: Lack of Recall One Day After Surgery of The Picture That Was Shown Prior to Sedation.
NCT01045122 (1) [back to overview]	Respiratory Disturbance Index
NCT01057381 (6) [back to overview]	Amount of Post-Operative Rescue Morphine Required for Analgesia
NCT01057381 (6) [back to overview]	Duration of Oxygen Supplementation
NCT01057381 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Emergence Agitation
NCT01057381 (6) [back to overview]	Time to PACU Discharge Readiness
NCT01057381 (6) [back to overview]	Morphine Rescue Doses Needed by Participants
NCT01057381 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Postoperative Complications
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Proportion of Days With Delirium
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Requiring Midazolam
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Days in Hospital
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Days on Ventilator
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Drug Efficacy According to Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) Score
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Mortality
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Adverse Medication Effects
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With ICU Complications
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Completing Activities of Daily Living
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Completing Mobility Milestones
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Requiring Fentanyl
NCT01059929 (12) [back to overview]	Days in ICU
NCT01072643 (1) [back to overview]	The Primary Endpoint Will be the Change in PVR in Wood Units
NCT01152021 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Adverse Events During the Sedation and Recovery Period
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Desaturation (Cumulative)
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Decreased Minute Ventilation
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Conversion to General Anesthesia
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Total Fentanyl
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Total Midazolam
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Endoscopist Satisfaction
NCT01158820 (8) [back to overview]	Desaturation (Longest)
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Medication Fentanyl Given for Sedation During Dexmedetomidine Infusion (Among Who Used)
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects Who Received Rescue Medication for Analgesia During Dexmedetomidine Infusion
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Weight-adjusted Total Amount (Per kg) of Rescue Medication Midazolam Given for Sedation During Dexmedetomidine Infusion (Among Who Used)
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Weight-adjusted Total Amount (Per kg) of Rescue Medication Morphine Given for Analgesia During Dexmedetomidine Infusion (Among Who Used)
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Weight-adjusted Total Amount (Per kg) of Rescue Medication Fentanyl Given for Analgesia During Dexmedetomidine Infusion (Among Who Used)
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Medication Morphine Given for Sedation During Dexmedetomidine Infusion (Among Who Used)
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Medication Midazolam Given for Sedation During Dexmedetomidine Infusion (Among Who Used)
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Time to Successful Extubation in DEX-exposed Subjects
NCT01159262 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects Who Received Rescue Medication Midazolam for Sedation During Dexmedetomidine Infusion
NCT01169467 (5) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) Variability in Patients With Secondary Brain Injury
NCT01169467 (5) [back to overview]	Variability of Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
NCT01169467 (5) [back to overview]	Amount of Sedative/Analgesic Used During Treatment in Patients With Secondary Brain Injury
NCT01169467 (5) [back to overview]	Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Changes in Patients With Secondary Brain Injury
NCT01169467 (5) [back to overview]	Change in Pressure Reactivity Index (PRx)
NCT01188551 (2) [back to overview]	Recovery From General Anesthesia
NCT01188551 (2) [back to overview]	FLACC Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale Scores
NCT01195116 (1) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Score (1-10, 10 is Most Pain) From Baseline, to Average Post op Pain Score in PACU
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Hypertensive Episodes
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Apneic Episodes.
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Alertness/Sedation
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Pulsatility Index
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Brain Oxygen
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Cerebral Blood Flow
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
NCT01200433 (8) [back to overview]	Cerebral Blood Flow
NCT01255904 (1) [back to overview]	Time to Complete Study
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	End Case to Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) Discharge
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Nursing Workload Comparison
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Heart Rate
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Postoperative Nausea
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Modified Short Orientation Memory Concentration Test (SOMCT)
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Aldrete Score
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Consumption
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Postoperative Vomitting
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Drug Stop Time to Open Eyes
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Drug Stop Time to Fitness to Discharge
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Postoperative Shivering
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Hemodynamics
NCT01269918 (14) [back to overview]	Drug Stop Time to Recall
NCT01344759 (5) [back to overview]	Cross Sectional Area of the Pharyngeal Airway
NCT01344759 (5) [back to overview]	Obstructive Index Until Recovery Room Discharge
NCT01344759 (5) [back to overview]	Respiratory Disturbance Index
NCT01344759 (5) [back to overview]	Room Air SpO2
NCT01344759 (5) [back to overview]	Needed Artificial Airway
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Scores at Hospital Discharge on the PTSD Civilian Checklist
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Ventilator Free Days After Randomization.
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	The Length of ICU Stay Defined as the Time Between Randomization and ICU Transfer Orders.
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	The Number of CAM-ICU Negative Days After Randomization.
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Average MINDS Score
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Resource Utilization Costs Associated With This Hospitalization Billed by Facility.
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Scores at Hospital Discharge on the Beck Depression Inventory.
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Resource Utilization Costs Associated With This Hospitalization Billed by Physicians.
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Scores at Hospital Discharge on the Beck Anxiety Inventory
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	Scores at Hospital Discharge on the Mini Mental Exam.
NCT01362205 (11) [back to overview]	The Length in Days of the Hospital Stay
NCT01377623 (5) [back to overview]	Quality of Recovery Score (QoR-40)
NCT01377623 (5) [back to overview]	Concentration of IL-6
NCT01377623 (5) [back to overview]	Concentration of IL-8
NCT01377623 (5) [back to overview]	Concentration of TNF-alpha
NCT01377623 (5) [back to overview]	Concentration of IL-1a
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Absolute Time That Subject is in UMSS Range 2-4 During Treatment Period
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC0-∞)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Average Total Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) Score
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Observed Peak Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Plasma Clearance (CL)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Steady State Concentration (Css)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Received Rescue Medication for Sedation and Analgesic
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Volume of Distribution (Vd)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Weight-Adjusted Plasma Clearance (CLw)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Weight-Adjusted Volume of Distribution (Vdw)
NCT01378988 (12) [back to overview]	Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2)
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Percentage of Time Spent OAA/S Score ≤4 During the Study Drug Infusion
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score Evaluation by Investigator or Sub-investigator (Easiness of Maintenance of Sedation Level)
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Time to First Rescue Administration of Propofol
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Number of Propofol Dosing Required to Achieve and Maintain OAA/S Score ≤4 During the Study Drug Administration
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Percentage of Time Spent OAA/S Score 3 to 4 During the Study Drug Infusion
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Time to Attain the Point Where Patient is Recovered Assessed by Aldrete Score Following Discontinuation of the Study Drug Infusion
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Who Did Not Require Rescue Administration of Fentanyl During the Study Drug Administration
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score Evaluation by Investigator or Sub-investigator (Subject's Cooperation)
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	"Score Evaluation of Satisfaction and Anxiety of the Subject (Assess the Anxiety Level After Surgery)"
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score Evaluation by Investigator or Sub-investigator (Stability of Respiratory State)
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score Evaluation by Investigator or Sub-investigator (Stability of Hemodynamic State)
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	"Score Evaluation of Satisfaction and Anxiety of the Subject (Assess the Anxiety Level Before Surgery)"
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	"Score Evaluation of Satisfaction and Anxiety of the Subject (Assess the Anxiety Level During Surgery)"
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	"Score Evaluation of Satisfaction and Anxiety of the Subject (I Did Not Feel Pain During the Surgery)"
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	"Score Evaluation of Satisfaction and Anxiety of the Subject (I Was Satisfied With This Anesthesia Procedure)"
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	"Score Evaluation of Satisfaction and Anxiety of the Subject (If You May Undergo a Similar Surgery, the Same Anesthesia Procedure Will be Requested for the Next Time)"
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Number of Fentanyl Dosing Required During the Study Drug Administration.
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Who Did Not Require Rescue Administration of Propofol to Achieve and Maintain Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) Score ≤4 During the Study Drug Administration.
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Dosage of Propofol Dosing Required to Achieve and Maintain OAA/S Score ≤4 During the Study Drug Administration
NCT01438957 (20) [back to overview]	Dosage of Fentanyl Dosing Required During the Study Drug Administration.
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Peripheral Oxygen Saturation(SPO2)
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Blood Pressure
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Patient's Reaction to Procedure
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Intubation Score
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Cardiac Rhythm
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Endoscopy Scores
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Post Operative Visit
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Post Intubation Score
NCT01474213 (9) [back to overview]	Heart Rate
NCT01485380 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Changes in the Brains Default Mode Network.
NCT01485393 (2) [back to overview]	Performance on a Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) After Waking up From Sleep
NCT01485393 (2) [back to overview]	Change in Sleep Quality
NCT01495481 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Hypotension by Non-invasive Cuff in First 10 Minutes After Medication Administration
NCT01495481 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Sinus Pause >2.5 Sec After Termination of SVT
NCT01495481 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Tachyarrhythmias After Medication Administration
NCT01495481 (4) [back to overview]	Termination of SVT
NCT01505933 (3) [back to overview]	Cross-sectional Area (CSA) of the Upper Airway at the Level of Soft Palate, Base of the Tongue and Tip of the Epiglottis
NCT01505933 (3) [back to overview]	Transverse Diameter of the Airway at the Level of Soft Palate, Base of Tongue and Tip of the Epiglottis
NCT01505933 (3) [back to overview]	Anteroposterior Diameter of the Airway at the Level of Soft Palate, Base of Tongue and Tip of the Epiglottis
NCT01508455 (5) [back to overview]	Time Spent With a Total N-PASS Score >3 During DEX Infusion
NCT01508455 (5) [back to overview]	Percent of Subjects Requiring Rescue Midazolam for Sedation
NCT01508455 (5) [back to overview]	Incidence of Rescue Medication (Fentanyl or Morphine) Use for Analgesia During DEX Infusion
NCT01508455 (5) [back to overview]	Amount of Rescue Medication for Analgesia During DEX Infusion
NCT01508455 (5) [back to overview]	Time to Successful Extubation
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Have Undergone Procedures Without Artificial Ventilation or Intervention
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Were Adequately Sedated at Least 80% of Time
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Time to First Dose of Rescue Midazolam From Start of Dexmedetomidine Infusion
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Analgesia (Fentanyl)
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Sedation (Midazolam)
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Frequency of Midazolam Required for Sedation
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Had Success in Sedation
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Not Receiving Rescue Midazolam
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Converted to Alternative Sedation or Anesthetic Therapy Due to Failure of Treatment of Study Drug and Rescue Medication
NCT01519167 (10) [back to overview]	Frequency of Fentanyl Use for Analgesia
NCT01528891 (4) [back to overview]	Heart Rate (HR)
NCT01528891 (4) [back to overview]	Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
NCT01528891 (4) [back to overview]	Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
NCT01528891 (4) [back to overview]	Incidence of Emergence Agitation (EA)
NCT01535287 (6) [back to overview]	Participant's Severity of Emergent Agitation (EA) Using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) Scale in PACU (Post-Op Area).
NCT01535287 (6) [back to overview]	Duration of Stay in PACU
NCT01535287 (6) [back to overview]	Respiratory Complications Peri-Operative
NCT01535287 (6) [back to overview]	Hemodynamic Instability
NCT01535287 (6) [back to overview]	Post-Operative Behavioral Disturbances
NCT01535287 (6) [back to overview]	Muscle Pain
NCT01606852 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Adverse Events
NCT01606852 (2) [back to overview]	Aggregate Sedative Exposure During PCS Use (up to 5 Days).
NCT01645098 (5) [back to overview]	EtCO2 Change After Dexmedetomidine Loading Dose
NCT01645098 (5) [back to overview]	Heart Rate Change After Dexmedetomidine Loading Dose
NCT01645098 (5) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Change After Dexmedetomidine Loading Dose
NCT01645098 (5) [back to overview]	Oxygen Saturation Change After Dexmedetomidine Loading Dose
NCT01645098 (5) [back to overview]	Time to Sedation Score of 3-4
NCT01721460 (4) [back to overview]	Portion of Participants With Timely Return of the Neuronal Activity to Baseline
NCT01721460 (4) [back to overview]	Time to Recovery
NCT01721460 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Average Firing Pattern in the STN
NCT01721460 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Average Population Spiking Activity
NCT01739933 (4) [back to overview]	Delirium/Coma Free Days (DCFDs)
NCT01739933 (4) [back to overview]	Death at 90 Days
NCT01739933 (4) [back to overview]	Cognitive Function Utilizing the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status Total (TICS-T)
NCT01739933 (4) [back to overview]	Ventilator-free Days (VFDs)
NCT01774305 (2) [back to overview]	Coughing Grade
NCT01774305 (2) [back to overview]	Emergence Time
NCT01845441 (3) [back to overview]	Maintenance of Optimal Sedation Target in Both Groups.
NCT01845441 (3) [back to overview]	Numbers of Patient Movements (Events) That Delay or Adversely Affect the Procedure Performance and Safety.
NCT01845441 (3) [back to overview]	Preserved Neurological Examination.
NCT01901588 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Experiencing Pediatric Emergence Delirium in Strabismus Surgery
NCT01901588 (6) [back to overview]	Time to PACU Discharge
NCT01901588 (6) [back to overview]	Time to Arousal
NCT01901588 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Receiving Pain Medication
NCT01901588 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Requiring Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Rescue Medications
NCT01901588 (6) [back to overview]	Post-op Pain Interventions
NCT01904760 (2) [back to overview]	Agitation in PACU
NCT01904760 (2) [back to overview]	Postoperative Delirium
NCT02004613 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Incisional Pain
NCT02004613 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Atrial Arrhythmia
NCT02004613 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Delirium
NCT02026141 (1) [back to overview]	Morphine Consumption
NCT02066727 (1) [back to overview]	Median Effective Concentration(EC50)
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Tracheal Intubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Placebo at Emergence
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	HR in the Placebo Group Before Intranasal Drugs
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Placebo at Return of Spontaneous Breathing
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Placebo at Tracheal Intubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Placebo Before Inserting Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Patients With Postoperative Shivering in Two Groups
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Patients With Postoperative Vomiting in Two Groups
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Patients With Intra-operative Awareness in Two Groups
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Satisfaction Score <2
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Anxiety Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Pre-induction
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Anxiety Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Before Intranasal Drugs
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Anxiety Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo at Pre-induction
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Anxiety Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo or Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Baseline Characteristic Data (Height) of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Baseline Characteristic Data (Height) of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Placebo on Removal of Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Emergence
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Extubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Return of Spontaneous Breathing
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Placebo at Extubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Anxiety Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo Before Intranasal Drugs
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Time to Consciousness of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Baseline Characteristic Data (Weight) of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Baseline Characteristic Data (Weight) of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Baseline Characteristics (ASA Status) of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo or Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Baseline Characteristics (Sex)of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo or Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration From Intranasal Drug Administration to Anesthesia Intubation of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration From Intranasal Drug Administration to Anesthesia Intubation of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration From Intranasal Drug Administration to Arrival at Operating Room of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration From Intranasal Drug Administration to Arrival at Operating Room of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration of Anesthesia of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration of Anesthesia of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration of Surgery of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Patients With Postoperative Nausea in Two Groups
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Duration of Surgery of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Extubation Time After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Premedication
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Heart Rate (HR) of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo or Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	HR in the Dexmedetomidine Group at Pre-induction
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	HR in the Dexmedetomidine Group Before Intranasal Drugs
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	HR in the Placebo Group at Pre-induction
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Before Inserting Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Modified OAA/S Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine After Extubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Modified OAA/S Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Pre-induction
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Modified OAA/S Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Before Intranasal Drugs
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Modified OAA/S Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo After Extubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Modified OAA/S Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo at Pre-induction
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Modified OAA/S Score of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo Before Intranasal Drugs
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Modified OAA/S Scores of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo or Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Anxiety Score >2
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With VAS >50
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Perioperative Bradycardia Episodes
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Perioperative Hypertonsion Episodes
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Perioperative Hypotension Episodes
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Perioperative Tachycardia Episodes
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Emergence
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Extubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Return of Spontaneous Breathing
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine at Tracheal Intubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Before Inserting Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in the Placebo Group
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in the Dexmedetomidine (DEX) Group
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Time to Spontaneous Breathing of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Time to Spontaneous Breathing of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Time to Extubation of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Time to Extubation of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Time to Consciousness of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Systolic Blood Pressure（SBP）of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo or Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Satisfaction Scores of Patients Receiving Intranasal Placebo
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Satisfaction Scores of Patients Receiving Intranasal Dexmedetomidine
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Placebo on Removal of Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Placebo Before Inserting Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Placebo at Tracheal Intubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Placebo at Return of Spontaneous Breathing
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Placebo at Extubation
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Placebo at Emergence
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Remifentanil After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine on Removal of Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02108171 (78) [back to overview]	Predicted Effect-site Concentrations of Propofol After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine on Removal of Operative Laryngoscope
NCT02129426 (4) [back to overview]	The Number of Participants With Hypotension and/or Bradycardia During Sedation and Recovery (Generally 2-3 Hours)
NCT02129426 (4) [back to overview]	The Number of Participants With Adverse Recovery-related Behaviors During Sedation Recovery
NCT02129426 (4) [back to overview]	Percent Change in Heart Rate From Baseline
NCT02129426 (4) [back to overview]	Percent Change in Blood Pressure From Baseline
NCT02150759 (2) [back to overview]	Quality of Patient Positioning
NCT02150759 (2) [back to overview]	Pain Score Using Five Scales
NCT02155010 (2) [back to overview]	Patient's Anxiety
NCT02155010 (2) [back to overview]	Incidence of Hypotension
NCT02162433 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Unplanned Hospital Admission
NCT02162433 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)
NCT02162433 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Respiratory Complications
NCT02162433 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Emergence Agitation
NCT02162433 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Needing Follow-up Pain Medication
NCT02162433 (7) [back to overview]	Average Time From End of Surgery to Leaving the Operating Room
NCT02162433 (7) [back to overview]	The Average Time From Admission to the PACU to Discharge Home (Excluding Overnight Admission)
NCT02168439 (6) [back to overview]	VAS for Anxiety as Completed by Caregiver and Observer
NCT02168439 (6) [back to overview]	mYPAS Scores at Other Time Points
NCT02168439 (6) [back to overview]	Anxiolysis Satisfaction
NCT02168439 (6) [back to overview]	Procedure Completion
NCT02168439 (6) [back to overview]	Need for Procedural Sedation
NCT02168439 (6) [back to overview]	mYPAS Score as Completed by Researchers to Assess Anxiety
NCT02169336 (1) [back to overview]	Summed Pain Intensity Difference Over the First 48 Hours (SPID48).
NCT02203019 (4) [back to overview]	Duration of Mechanical Ventilation
NCT02203019 (4) [back to overview]	Duration of Vasopressor Support
NCT02203019 (4) [back to overview]	Duration of MICU Stay
NCT02203019 (4) [back to overview]	Mortality
NCT02250703 (1) [back to overview]	University of Michigan Sedation Scale
NCT02267538 (7) [back to overview]	Subjective Sleep Quality
NCT02267538 (7) [back to overview]	Incidence of Postoperative Delirium
NCT02267538 (7) [back to overview]	Length of Stay in Hospital After Surgery
NCT02267538 (7) [back to overview]	Length of Stay in the Intensive Care Unit
NCT02267538 (7) [back to overview]	Cognitive Function
NCT02267538 (7) [back to overview]	Incidence of Non-delirium Complications After Surgery
NCT02267538 (7) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity
NCT02284243 (7) [back to overview]	Summed Pain Intensity Difference Over the First 48 Hours (SPID48).
NCT02284243 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Complete Protection From PONV
NCT02284243 (7) [back to overview]	SPID at Various Other Time Points
NCT02284243 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Significant Pain Improvement Following the First Study Dose.
NCT02284243 (7) [back to overview]	Use of Rescue Medication (Oral Opioids)
NCT02284243 (7) [back to overview]	Time to First Rescue Medication Use
NCT02284243 (7) [back to overview]	Time to Perceptible and Meaningful Pain Relief
NCT02353169 (3) [back to overview]	Blood Potassium Levels at 15min and 30min Post-intervention
NCT02353169 (3) [back to overview]	Blood Glucose Levels at 15min and 30min Post-intervention
NCT02353169 (3) [back to overview]	Myocardial Repolarization (QTc and TP-e Intervals) 1min After Intervention
NCT02354378 (2) [back to overview]	Memory Threshold
NCT02354378 (2) [back to overview]	Sedation Threshold
NCT02393677 (1) [back to overview]	Duration of Analgesia
NCT02409810 (4) [back to overview]	Patient Acceptability (Number of Patients Willing to Use PCS-DEX Prior to and During Burn Dressing Changes)
NCT02409810 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Successfully Completing the Pilot Trial Without Adverse Effects
NCT02409810 (4) [back to overview]	Feasibility Outcome #2 - Number of Patients Adhering to Protocol Over the Total Number of Eligible Intervention Days
NCT02409810 (4) [back to overview]	Feasibility Outcome #1 Number of Patients Who Consent to Enrollment
NCT02469961 (4) [back to overview]	Total Narcotic Used by Each Participant
NCT02469961 (4) [back to overview]	Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) Length of Stay
NCT02469961 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants That Need an Airway Intervention.
NCT02469961 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants That Have Either Bradycardia or Hypotension
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Adverse Effects Like Pruritus, Nausea and Vomiting
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale on Coughing (VAS-C)
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Visual Analogue Scale at Rest (VAS-R)
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP): Postoperative Period
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP): Intraoperative Period
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Heart Rate: Postoperative
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Total Dose of Required Morphine in 24 Hours Postoperatively
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Time to Complete Disappearance of Motor Block
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	The Time After the TAP Block When Rescue Analgesia Was First Sought
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Needing Rescue Analgesic
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Duration of Sensory Loss at T10 Level
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction Score (SAPS)
NCT02472522 (13) [back to overview]	Heart Rate: Intraoperative Period
NCT02512809 (1) [back to overview]	Change in Serum Cytokine Levels
NCT02515890 (1) [back to overview]	Memory Testing
NCT02524145 (2) [back to overview]	Cardiac Beta-receptor Sensitivity
NCT02524145 (2) [back to overview]	Central Command Regulation of Heart Rate
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Morphine Equivalents
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	Incidence of Delirium
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	ICU Length of Stay
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	Follow up Incidence of Cognitive Dysfunction
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	Duration of Delirium
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	Hospital Length of Stay
NCT02546765 (8) [back to overview]	Severity of Delirium
NCT02550795 (3) [back to overview]	Postoperative Nausea (Numeric Rating Scale for Nausea)
NCT02550795 (3) [back to overview]	Postoperative Vomiting (Number of Participants With Vomiting)
NCT02550795 (3) [back to overview]	Rhodes Index Score
NCT02616523 (3) [back to overview]	Consumption of Piritramide
NCT02616523 (3) [back to overview]	Consumption of Fentanyl
NCT02616523 (3) [back to overview]	Neuropathic Pain (Pain Questionnaire) dn4
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Sedation Infusion Time
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Recovery Time
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Incidence of Technique Failure
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Incidence of Patient Movement and MRI Interruption
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Incidence of Adverse Events
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Dosage/Consumption
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Case Times
NCT02633241 (8) [back to overview]	Case Duration
NCT02653144 (4) [back to overview]	Time to Discharge From PACU to First Opioid Consumption
NCT02653144 (4) [back to overview]	Return of Motor and Sensory Function
NCT02653144 (4) [back to overview]	Opioid Requirements (Morphine Equivalents)
NCT02653144 (4) [back to overview]	Opioid Requirements (Morphine Equivalents)
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Analgesic Taken Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Analgesic Taken After Extubation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Did Not Use a Rescue Sedative After 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug Till End of Mechanical Ventilation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Did Not Require Dosing of a Rescue Analgesic After 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug Till End of Mechanical Ventilation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Did Not Require Administration of a Rescue Analgesic Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Percentage of Maintenance Duration of Target Sedation Level After 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug Till End of Mechanical Ventilation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Abnormalities
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Electrocardiogram (ECG) Abnormalities
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Change From Baseline in Vital Signs
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Median Time to Conclusion of Mechanical Ventilation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Duration of Maintenance of Target Sedation Level Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Body Weight Adjusted Total Amount of Rescue Sedative Taken After Extubation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Body Weight Adjusted Total Amount of Rescue Analgesic Taken Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Body Weight Adjusted Total Amount of Rescue Analgesic Taken After Extubation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Body Weight Adjusted Total Amount (Per Kg) of Rescue Sedative Taken Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Did Not Require a Rescue Sedative Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Percentage of Maintenance Duration of Target Sedation Level Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Percentage of Maintenance Duration of Target Sedation Level After Extubation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Treatment- Emergent Adverse Events (AE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE)
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Total Input/Output Fluid Volume
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Duration of Maintenance of Target Sedation Level After 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug Till End of Mechanical Ventilation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Incidence of Potential Withdrawal Symptoms
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Sedative Taken After Extubation
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Total Amount of Rescue Sedative Administered Within 24 Hours of Dosing of Study Drug
NCT02757625 (25) [back to overview]	Duration of Maintenance of Target Sedation Level After Extubation
NCT02786264 (3) [back to overview]	Hospital Length of Stay
NCT02786264 (3) [back to overview]	ICU Length of Stay
NCT02786264 (3) [back to overview]	Procedure Length
NCT02818569 (5) [back to overview]	Performance on the Motor Sequence Task (Phase II)
NCT02818569 (5) [back to overview]	Polysomnography Sleep Quality (Phase II).
NCT02818569 (5) [back to overview]	Subjective Sleep Quality (Phase II)
NCT02818569 (5) [back to overview]	Hemodynamic Stability (Phase I)
NCT02818569 (5) [back to overview]	Performance on the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (Phase II)
NCT02856594 (7) [back to overview]	Length of Hospital Stay
NCT02856594 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Health Related Quality of Life
NCT02856594 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Cognitive Status
NCT02856594 (7) [back to overview]	ICU Delirium/Coma-free Days
NCT02856594 (7) [back to overview]	30-day, 90-day, and 180-day Mortality
NCT02856594 (7) [back to overview]	Severity of Delirium
NCT02856594 (7) [back to overview]	Incidence of Delirium
NCT02880540 (1) [back to overview]	Pain Scores (Numerical Rating Scale 0-10) Using the Faces Pain Scale-Revised
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Bradycardia
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Requiring Reintubation
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Percentage of Time at Goal Sedation
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Pain Management
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Ventilator Days
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Increased Vasopressor Requirement
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Delirium
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Days Alive During Admission and Free From Delirium or Coma
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Intensive Care Unit Length of Stay
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Days From Decision to Extubate to True Extubation
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	In Hospital Mortality
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Hospital Length of Stay
NCT02903407 (13) [back to overview]	Time From Withdrawal of Sedation to ICU Discharge
NCT02988050 (1) [back to overview]	Patients Satisfaction
NCT03029715 (2) [back to overview]	Analgesic Requirements.
NCT03029715 (2) [back to overview]	The Intra-operative Mean Arterial Blood Pressure.
NCT03054857 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)
NCT03054857 (5) [back to overview]	Numbers of Participants With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)
NCT03054857 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Postoperative Complications
NCT03054857 (5) [back to overview]	Hospital Stay in Days
NCT03054857 (5) [back to overview]	ICU Stay in Hours
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) on Movement
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) on Movement
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Ramsay Sedation Score(RSS)
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) at Rest
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) at Rest
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) at Rest
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) on Movement
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS)
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) on Movement
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) on Uterine Cramping
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) on Uterine Cramping
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain Score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) on Uterine Cramping
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Ramsay Sedation Score(RSS)
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Number of Participants That Experienced Nausea or Vomiting
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Ramsay Sedation Score(RSS)
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Ramsay Sedation Score(RSS)
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	Relative Infant Dose (RID) of Dexmedetomidine
NCT03065530 (18) [back to overview]	The Degree of Satisfaction
NCT03078946 (2) [back to overview]	The Incidence of Delirium (Number of Patients (in Digits))
NCT03078946 (2) [back to overview]	The C-reactive Protein (CRP) Quantitative Titer Daily as Part of the Routine Clinical Care as a Prognostic Factor for Delirium (mg/L)
NCT03086213 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Puncture Related Complications
NCT03086213 (6) [back to overview]	Concentration of Cortisol at Different Point During the Operation
NCT03086213 (6) [back to overview]	Comparing the Inflammatory Markers During the Operation After the Intervention of the Each Group
NCT03086213 (6) [back to overview]	Comparing the Hemodynamics of the Intervention of the Each Group During the Operation
NCT03086213 (6) [back to overview]	Comparing the Hemodynamics of the Intervention of the Each Group During the Operation
NCT03086213 (6) [back to overview]	Comparing the Blood Gas Analysis After the Intervention of the Each Group
NCT03096730 (1) [back to overview]	Mechanical Hyperalgesia Threshold on the Dominant Inner Forearm
NCT03139279 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects Ready for Discharge in Each Group at 30 Minutes Post Procedure
NCT03139279 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Apneic Episodes Intraoperatively Requiring Positive Pressure Ventilation
NCT03139279 (4) [back to overview]	Lowest Intraoperative % Change in MAP From Baseline
NCT03139279 (4) [back to overview]	Average Total Propofol Consumption Per Group
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Hemodynamic Stability - Heart Rate
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Hemodynamic Stability - Blood Pressure
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Cooperation Scale
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Surgeon Satisfaction - Survey
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Respiratory Events Requiring Intervention
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Reaction to Administration of Local Anesthesia
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Respiratory Depression - Respiratory Rate
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Respiratory Depression - Oxygen Saturation
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Postoperative Recovery Time - Time to Discharge
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Postoperative Recovery Time - Duration of Procedure
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Postoperative Recovery Time - Ambulation
NCT03255824 (12) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction
NCT03283150 (3) [back to overview]	Mean Time in Minutes From Sedation to Recovery
NCT03283150 (3) [back to overview]	Sedatives Drugs Effects - Percent Change in Root Mean Square (RMS) of Electrical Activity
NCT03283150 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Individuals Examined for Neuronal Activity Changes at Multiple Brain Regions Under the Effect of Different Sedative Drugs
NCT03284307 (5) [back to overview]	Effect of Study Drug on Ability to Correctly Identify Images
NCT03284307 (5) [back to overview]	Effect of Study Drug on Ability to Form Implicit Memory
NCT03284307 (5) [back to overview]	Occipital Delta Power Spectral Density by Conscious State and Study Group.
NCT03284307 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Instances of Disconnected Conscious Experience (Dreaming) vs Connected Conscious Experience (Awareness of External World).
NCT03284307 (5) [back to overview]	Effect of Study Drug on Ability to Correctly Identify Shapes/Images
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Length of PACU Stay
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Morphine Equivalents Used During the First 48 Hours Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Requiring Pressor Use During First 48-Hours Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Requiring Pressor Use During Intraoperative Period
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) Score at 6 Weeks Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Mean Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS) Scores During the First 48 Hours Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Mean Quality of Recovery After Anesthesia (QoR-15) Scores During the First 48 Hours Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Mean Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) Scores During First 48 Hours Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Morphine Equivalents Used at 6 Weeks Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Quality of Recovery After Anesthesia (QoR-15) Score at 6 Weeks Post-Surgery
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Length of Hospital Stay
NCT03325972 (12) [back to overview]	Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) Scores at 6 Weeks Post-Surgery
NCT03378973 (1) [back to overview]	Percent of Patients With Monitorable of Motor Evoked Potentials
NCT03395886 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With NIV Failure
NCT03395886 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With NIV Mitigation
NCT03479216 (7) [back to overview]	Surgery Time
NCT03479216 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain
NCT03479216 (7) [back to overview]	Time to the End of Spinal Anesthesia
NCT03479216 (7) [back to overview]	Rescue Analgesic Time
NCT03479216 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Opioid/NSAID Consumption
NCT03479216 (7) [back to overview]	Mobilization
NCT03479216 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Complications Due to Intraarticular Injection
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Sevoflurane
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Oral/Enteral Intake
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Total Propofol Administered
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Nitrous Oxide
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Lidocaine Dose
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Irritability
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Glycopyrrolate Dose
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Sleep Pattern
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Efficiency of Propofol Dexmedetomidine Sedation Compared With Propofol Infusion
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Discharge Ready
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Dexmedetomidine Dose
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Delirium
NCT03513757 (13) [back to overview]	Eye Opening
NCT03521505 (7) [back to overview]	Bradycardia During Bronchoscopic Sedation
NCT03521505 (7) [back to overview]	Hypotension During Bronchoscopic Sedation
NCT03521505 (7) [back to overview]	The Global Tolerance for Bronchoscopy
NCT03521505 (7) [back to overview]	The Cooperation of Patients From the View of Bronchoscopists
NCT03521505 (7) [back to overview]	Procedure Time and Recovery Time
NCT03521505 (7) [back to overview]	Hypoxemia During Maintenance
NCT03521505 (7) [back to overview]	Hypoxemia During Induction
NCT03643796 (5) [back to overview]	Time to Extubation
NCT03643796 (5) [back to overview]	Quality of Recovery
NCT03643796 (5) [back to overview]	Narcotic Consumption
NCT03643796 (5) [back to overview]	Incidence of Unacceptable Movement Under General Anesthesia
NCT03643796 (5) [back to overview]	Hemodynamic Stability
NCT03714919 (5) [back to overview]	Average Pain Score
NCT03714919 (5) [back to overview]	End of Surgery to Hospital Discharge
NCT03714919 (5) [back to overview]	Extubation Time
NCT03714919 (5) [back to overview]	Time in PACU
NCT03714919 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Sedation, Nausea/Vomiting, or Hallucinations
NCT03793751 (5) [back to overview]	Any Adverse Outcome
NCT03793751 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Cases Developing POCD
NCT03793751 (5) [back to overview]	Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT03793751 (5) [back to overview]	Heart Rate
NCT03793751 (5) [back to overview]	Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT03799783 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Reach a Score Equal or Lower Than 2 Ten Minutes After the Infusion of Dexmedetomidine (Assessed With the PSSS Pediatric Sedation State Scale)
NCT03799783 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Adverse Events
NCT03809182 (7) [back to overview]	Plasmatic Glucose Levels (mg/dl).
NCT03809182 (7) [back to overview]	Amount (mg) of Morphine Consumed.
NCT03809182 (7) [back to overview]	Fentanyl Consumption.
NCT03809182 (7) [back to overview]	Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.
NCT03809182 (7) [back to overview]	Sedation-agitation Scores in the First 12 Postoperative Hours.
NCT03809182 (7) [back to overview]	Plasmatic Insulin Levels (uU/ml).
NCT03809182 (7) [back to overview]	Pain Scores in the First 24 Postoperative Hours.
NCT03938857 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Daily Dose of Fentanyl in mcg/kg/hr (Micrograms Per Kilogram Per Hour)
NCT03938857 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Number of SAEs (Serious Adverse Events) Experienced by Participants
NCT03938857 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing SAEs (Serious Adverse Events)
NCT03938857 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Episode of Urinary Retention
NCT03938857 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Episode of Hypotension
NCT03938857 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Episode of Bradycardia
NCT03996148 (1) [back to overview]	Time to First Neurological Exam
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Pain After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Pain After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Pain After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Pain After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Serum Lidocaine Level
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Serum Lidocaine Level
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Serum Lidocaine Level
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Total Hospital Length of Stay
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Incidence of Adverse Events
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Pain After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Local Anesthetic Consumption After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Local Anesthetic Consumption After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Local Anesthetic Consumption After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Local Anesthetic Consumption After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption After Surgery
NCT04208516 (17) [back to overview]	Opioid Consumption After Surgery
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Received PRO - By Age Cohort and Combined Age
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Emergence Time - By Age Cohort and Combined Age
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Body Weight/Time Adjusted Total Amount (Per kg Per Minute) of Concomitant PRO Required to Successfully Complete MRI - By Age Cohort and Combined Age
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants at the DEX High Dose Versus Low Dose in Each Age Cohort Who Did Not Require Concomitant PRO to Complete MRI
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants at the DEX High Dose Versus Low Dose in the Combined Age Cohorts Who Did Not Require Concomitant PRO to Complete MRI
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants at the DEX Middle Dose vs Low Dose and High Dose vs Middle Dose in Each Age Cohort and Combined Age Cohorts Who Did Not Require Concomitant PRO to Complete MRI
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Time at Target Pediatric Sedation State Scale (PSSS) Score of 2 After the Administration of the DEX Loading Dose and During the DEX Maintenance Infusion - By Age Cohort and Combined Age
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Time From the Start of DEX Loading Dose Infusion to the Time of First PRO Bolus Infusion - By Age Cohort and Combined Age
NCT04237792 (9) [back to overview]	Total Amount (mcg Per kg) of Concomitant PRO Required to Successfully Complete MRI - By Age Cohort and Combined Age
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	"Number of Patients at Each Dose Who Achieve a 40% Reduction From Baseline in PEC Total Score at 2 Hours Post-dose (Responders)"
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Excited Component (PEC) Total Score
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Adverse Events
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Part B: Change From Baseline in the Total Score of 3 Supplementary Items of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	"Number of Patients With Event Time Taken for Medication to Dissolve"
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Change in Clinician Global Impression of Severity (CGI-S) Agitation Score From Baseline
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Change in Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) Total Score From Baseline
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Change in Pittsburgh Agitation Scale (PAS) Total Score From Baseline
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Changes in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Excited Component (PEC) Total Score From Baseline
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Showing Negative Reaction to Sublingual Film in the Examiner's Opinion
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Changes in Agitation-Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES) Score From Baseline
NCT04251910 (12) [back to overview]	Clinical Global Impression - Improvement (CGI-I) Agitation Score
NCT04268303 (2) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale- Excited Component (PEC) Total Score
NCT04268303 (2) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale- Excited Component (PEC) Total Score Over Time
NCT04276883 (2) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale- Excited Component (PEC) Total Score
NCT04276883 (2) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale- Excited Component (PEC) Total Score Over Time
NCT04470050 (7) [back to overview]	Peak COWS Score at Baseline and Over Time
NCT04470050 (7) [back to overview]	Peak SOWS Scores at Baseline and Over Time
NCT04470050 (7) [back to overview]	Average SOWS at Baseline and Over Time
NCT04470050 (7) [back to overview]	Average COWS Scores at Baseline and Over Time
NCT04470050 (7) [back to overview]	Total ACES Total Score Over Time - 2 hr. Post-First Dose
NCT04470050 (7) [back to overview]	Time to Drop-out After Discontinuation of Opioid Maintenance Phase
NCT04470050 (7) [back to overview]	Number and Percentage of Subject Drop-out After Discontinuation of Opioid Maintenance Phase Maintenance Within Each Treatment Group
NCT04987372 (2) [back to overview]	Postoperative Pain After Cardiac Surgery
NCT04987372 (2) [back to overview]	(ICDSC)Delirium After Stop Sedation by Using Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist

Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Anxiety Rating

Anxiety was measured on a scale of 1-10 (1=lowest pain intensity, 10=highest pain intensity) in participants before medication, during medication, post medication and 1 week follow up. (NCT00205712)
Timeframe: Before Ketamine, During Ketamine, Post Ketamine, 1 week follow up

Intervention	Scale of 1-10 (Mean)
	VAS Anxiety-Before Medication	VAS Anxiety-Before Cogntive Testing	VAS Anxiety-After Cognitive Testing	VAS Anxiety-1 Week Follow Up
Ketamine Alone	5.0	1.67	1.71	1.56
Ketamine Plus Dexmedetomidine	5.0	2.53	3.00	2.06

Intervention	Scale of 1-10 (Mean)
	VAS Pain-Before Medication	VAS Pain-Before Cognitive Testing	VAS Pain-After Cognitive Testing	VAS Pain-1 Week F/U
Ketamine Alone	4.72	2.75	2.61	1.33
Ketamine Plus Dexmedetomidine	4.03	2.89	4.08	1.76

Intervention	Scale of 0-6 (Mean)
	BPRS Positive symptom subscale-before medication	BPRS Positive symptom subscale-during medication
Ketamine Alone	0.00	1.40
Ketamine Plus Dexmedetomidine	0.00	1.00

Intervention	cm (Mean)
	at 15 minutes after extubation	at 30 minutes after extubation	at 45 minutes after extubation	at 60 minutes after extubation	at 90 minutes after extubation
Dexmedetomidine	2.6	2.8	3.1	2.9	2.9
Remifentanil	5.4	5.3	5.0	4.9	4.8

Intervention	IV morphine equivalency in mg (Number)
	Morphine equivalency administered	Adjusted for total time on study drug
Dexmedetomidine	29	35
Placebo	49	54

Intervention	hours (Mean)
Dexmedetomidine for Extubation (DG)	59.2
Standard Hospital Protocol (CG)	203.9

Intervention	participants (Number)
	heart rate below 60 bpm	systolic blood pressure <30% below baseline
Dexmedetomidine	0	0
Fentanyl (F) Group	0	0

Intervention	percentage of change from baseline (Mean)
	Heart Rate	Systolic Pressure	Diastolic Pressure	Mean Pressure	Bispectral Index
Cardiac Transplant	-0.16	0.18	0.19	0.16	0.16
Fontan Physiology	-0.21	0.22	0.09	0.08	-0.14
Normal Physiology	-0.14	0.15	0.23	0.23	0.04

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Requiring Treatment	Requiring interruption of the drug	Resolved Spontaneously	Did not occur
Placebo	69	5	21	106
Precedex	81	3	18	87

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Requiring treatment	Requiring interruption of the drug	Resolved spontaneoulsy	Did not occur
Placebo	36	1	30	134
Precedex	26	0	17	146

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Postoperative Delirium	PACU Delirium	Both	None
Placebo	23	8	4	166
Precedex	23	6	5	155

Intervention	micro Volt (Mean)
	awake	RS 2	RS 3	RS 4
Dex/Remi	-5.9	-6.4	-4.7	-3.5
Mida/Remi	-5.3	-4.8	-2.4	-0.4

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	awake	sedation level RS 2	sedation level RS 3	sedation level RS 4
Dex/Remi	92.5	84.5	69.5	51.4
Mida/Remi	93.7	84.7	73.2	68.9

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Midazolam	Fentanyl
Dose Level 1	7	12
Dose Level 2	7	10
Dose Level 3	5	13
Dose Level 4	3	8

Intervention	Litre/hour (Mean)
Dose Level 1	32.208
Dose Level 2	20.268
Dose Level 3	18.565
Dose Level 4	22.199

Intervention	picograms*hr/mL (Mean)
Dose Level 1	3153.518
Dose Level 2	6673.163
Dose Level 3	17300.539
Dose Level 4	28970.541

Intervention	picograms*hr/mL (Mean)
Dose Level 1	2681.332
Dose Level 2	6460.576
Dose Level 3	16992.540
Dose Level 4	28531.864

Intervention	Litre (Mean)
Dose Level 1	56.808
Dose Level 2	35.246
Dose Level 3	32.789
Dose Level 4	43.652

Intervention	picograms per milliliter (Mean)
Dose Level 1	402.026
Dose Level 2	539.848
Dose Level 3	1347.284
Dose Level 4	2827.144

Intervention	picograms per milliliter (Mean)
Dose Level 1	480.437
Dose Level 2	847.691
Dose Level 3	3385.569
Dose Level 4	3090.939

Intervention	hour (Mean)
Dose Level 1	1.546
Dose Level 2	1.743
Dose Level 3	2.045
Dose Level 4	2.145

dexmedetomidine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (104)

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (6)

Drug Classes (3)

Pathways (2)

Protein Targets (37)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Activation Measurements

Biological Processes (51)

Molecular Functions (15)

Ceullar Components (15)

Bioassays (69)

Research

Studies (5,026)

Study Types

Clinical Trials (1296)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Anxiety Rating

Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain Intensity

Brief Psychiatric Ratings Scale (BPRS) Positive Symptom Subscale Score

Intravenous Morphine Equivalents During Post-anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) After Surgery

Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Pain Score

Mean Arterial Pressure

Measure the Amount of Respiratory Depression in Each Groups

Measure Any Reduction in the Amount of Opioid Administered to Patients in the Dexmedetomidine Study Arm.

Length of Ventilator Support

Resolution of Delirium

Length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Stay

Mechanical Ventilation Time

Time to Extubation

Time to Awaken

Participants Requiring Morphine Rescue in PACU

Number of Participants With SpO2 < or Equal to 95%

Hemodynamic Stability

Duration of Agitation

Emergence Agitation and Pain

Changes in Hemodynamic Variables Recorded During Administration of Sevoflurane + Dexmedetomidine.

Lactate/Pyruvate (L/P)Ratio

Intraoperative Hypotension

Intraoperative Hypertension

Length of Stay

Delirium Battery

Intraoperative Bradycardia

PK Profile of Dexmedetomidine

PK Profile of Dexmedetomidine

Amplitudes (in Micro Volts) of Acoustic Event Related Potentials (Time-locked Amplitudes in the Electroencephalogram 100 Milliseconds After the Acoustic Stimulus, Averaged Over 40 Stimuli)Awake and at 3 Different Drug-induced Sedation Levels

BIS-Index Awake and 3 Sedation Levels (RS 2/3/4)

Dynamic Eye Movement Measures

Number of Subjects Who Received Rescue Medication for Sedation (Midazolam) and Analgesics (Fentanyl)

Clearance (CL)

Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Time Infinity (AUC0-∞)

Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Time of the Last Measurable Concentration (AUC0-t)

Level of Sedation Based on Average Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) Score

Volume of Steady State Distribution (Vss)

Plasma Concentration at Steady State (Css)

Observed Peak Plasma Concentration

Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2)

Incidence of Pain

Length of Stay in PACU

Morphine Rescue

Time to First Morphine Dose

Motor Evoked Potential Amplitude

Oxygen Saturation

Presence of Arrhythmias.

Percent Change in Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

Heart Rate

Manifestations of Acute Stress Disorder by Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R)

Time From Study Drug Initiation to Tracheal Extubation

Cumulative Doses of Conventional Sedatives and Analgesics

Sedation-related Adverse Effects

Intervention	participants (Number)
Dexmedetomidine 1microgram/Kilogram	6
Dexmedetomidine 2 Micrograms/Kilogram	11
Fentanyl 2 Micrograms/Kilogram	7
Normal Saline Placebo	18

Intervention	micrograms/kilogram (Mean)
Fentanyl 1 Microgram/Kilogram Intravenous (IV)	84
Fentanyl 2 Micrograms/Kilogram Intravenous (IV)	95
Dexmedetomidine 2 Microgram/Kilogram Intravenous (IV)	85
Dexmedetomidine 4 Micrograms/Kilogram Intravenous (IV)	59

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Fentanyl 1 Microgram/Kilogram IV	19
Fentanyl 2 Micrograms/Kilogram IV	43.7
Dexmedetomidine 2 Microgram/Kilogram IV	61.1
Dexmedetomidine 4 Micrograms/Kilogram IV	137.6

Intervention	participants (Number)
Low Dexmedetomidine/Low Propofol	1
High Dexmedetomidine/Low Propofol	3
Low Dexmedetomidine/High Propofol	1
High Dexmedetomidine/High Propofol	4
Intermediate Dexmedetomidine/Intermediate Propofol	4

Intervention	Percent of Hemoglobin Saturated (Mean)
Cohort 1: Dexmedetomidine Bolus 1 mcg/kg Over 10 Min IV	99.8
Cohort 2: Dexmedetomidine 0.7 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	99.5
Cohort 3: Dexmedetomidine 1.0 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	99.5
Cohort 4: Dexmedetomidine Infusion 1.3 mcg/kg/hr	98.6
Cohort 5: Dexmedetomidine 1.6 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	98.6
Cohort 6: Dexmedetomidine 1.9 mcg/kg/hr	98.6
Cohort 7: Dexmedetomidine 2.2 mcg/kg/hr	99.3
Cohort 8: Dexmedetomidine 2.5 mcg/kg/hr	99.5

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Cohort 1: Dexmedetomidine Bolus 1 mcg/kg Over 10 Min IV	0
Cohort 2: Dexmedetomidine Bolus + 0.7 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	0
Cohort 3: Dexmedetomidine 1.0 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	0
Cohort 4: Dexmedetomidine Infusion 1.3 mcg/kg/hr	0
Cohort 5: Dexmedetomidine 1.6 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	0
Cohort 6: Dexmedetomidine 1.9 mcg/kg/hr	0
Cohort 7: Dexmedetomidine 2.2 mcg/kg/hr	0
Cohort 8: Dexmedetomidine 2.5 mcg/kg/hr	0

Intervention	% change (Mean)
Cohort 1: Dexmedetomidine Bolus 1 mcg/kg Over 10 Min IV	26.7
Cohort 2: Dexmedetomidine Bolus + 0.7 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	30.8
Cohort 3: Dexmedetomidine 1.0 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	26.5
Cohort 4: Dexmedetomidine Infusion 1.3 mcg/kg/hr	24.5
Cohort 5: Dexmedetomidine 1.6 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	25.5
Cohort 6: Dexmedetomidine 1.9 mcg/kg/hr	18
Cohort 7: Dexmedetomidine 2.2 mcg/kg/hr	15
Cohort 8: Dexmedetomidine 2.5 mcg/kg/hr	15.6

Intervention	heart beats per minute (Mean)
Cohort 1: Dexmedetomidine Bolus 1 mcg/kg Over 10 Min IV	125.6
Cohort 2: Dexmedetomidine 0.7 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	122
Cohort 3: Dexmedetomidine 1.0 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	127.5
Cohort 4: Dexmedetomidine Infusion 1.3 mcg/kg/hr	125.5
Cohort 5: Dexmedetomidine 1.6 mcg/kg/hr Infusion	122.8
Cohort 6: Dexmedetomidine 1.9 mcg/kg/hr	129.7
Cohort 7: Dexmedetomidine 2.2 mcg/kg/hr	132.3
Cohort 8: Dexmedetomidine 2.5 mcg/kg/hr	125

Intervention	mg (Median)
	Open-label midazolam while on study drug	All midazolam whil eon study drug	All fentanyl while on study drug
Dexmedetomidine	65.3	65.3	4.1
Midazolam	29	126.9	5.4

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Hypotension	Bradycardia	Tachycardia	Delirium, new onset
Dexmedetomidine	10	7	7	1
Midazolam	6	7	5	5