bifenthrin: a type I pyrethroid [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
bifenthrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of cis-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and [(2-methyl-1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl]methanol. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
kappa-bifenthrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (1R,3R)-3-[(1Z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of [(2-methyl-1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl]methanol. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| Flora | Rank | Flora Definition | Family | Family Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Onyx | genus | [no description available] | Fabaceae | The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of beans belong to this family.[MeSH] |
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 6442842 |
| CHEMBL ID | 2227975 |
| CHEBI ID | 3093 |
| CHEBI ID | 87579 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 313858 |
| MeSH ID | M0262239 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| bifenthrin [ansi:bsi:iso] |
| (1alpha,3alpha(z))-(+-)-(2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| bifenthrine [iso-french] |
| 2-methylbiphenyl-3-ylmethyl (z)-(1rs,3rs)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| epa pesticide chemical code 128825 |
| bifenthrine |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester, (z)- |
| talstar |
| biphenate |
| brigade |
| fmc 58000 |
| 2-methylbiphenyl-3-ylmethyl-(z)-(1rs)-cis-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| (1alpha,3alpha(z))-(+-)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester |
| biphentrin |
| capture |
| fmc 54800 |
| caswell no. 463f |
| hsdb 6568 |
| onyx |
| 82657-04-3 |
| bifenthrin |
| biphenthrin |
| (2-methyl-3-phenylphenyl)methyl (1r,3r)-3-[(z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate |
| (2-methyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl rel-(1r,3r)-3-[(1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| CHEBI:3093 , |
| 6b66jed0kn , |
| talstarone |
| discipline |
| ccris 9249 |
| unii-6b66jed0kn |
| empower |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-((1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester, (1r,3r)-rel- |
| determite |
| fanfare |
| cas-82657-04-3 |
| NCGC00254966-01 |
| dtxsid9020160 , |
| dtxcid9032402 |
| tox21_301064 |
| NCGC00259080-01 |
| tox21_201530 |
| AKOS015994766 |
| CHEMBL2227975 |
| bifenthrin [mi] |
| bifenthrin [hsdb] |
| biflex |
| fmc-54800 |
| wisdom |
| bifenthrin [iso] |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester, (1.alpha.,3.alpha.(z))-(+/-)- |
| (1.alpha.,3.alpha.(z))-(+/-)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester |
| SCHEMBL313858 |
| KS-5074 |
| kappa-bifenthrine |
| kappa-bifenthrin [iso] |
| (1r)-cis-bifenthrin |
| unii-cnw4am9vyx |
| (+)-(1r)-cis-bifenthrin |
| (r)-bifenthrin |
| cnw4am9vyx , |
| 439680-76-9 |
| 2-methylbiphenyl-3-ylmethyl (1r)-cis-3-((z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl (1r,3r)-3-((1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate |
| kappa-bifenthrin |
| CHEBI:87579 |
| (2-methyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl (1r,3r)-3-[(1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| B6293 |
| bifentrin |
| bifenthrin, pestanal(r), analytical standard |
| bifenthrin, analytical standard |
| (1r,3r)-3-[(1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (2-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl ester |
| OMFRMAHOUUJSGP-IRHGGOMRSA-N , |
| DB15056 |
| 1r-cis-bifenthrin |
| (2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)methyl (1r)-cis-3-((z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-((1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester, (1r,3r)- |
| (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl (1r,3r)-3-((1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-((1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester, (1r,3r)- |
| (2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl)methyl (1r,3r)-3-((z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,3-[(1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-,(2-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl ester, (1r,3r)-rel- |
| CS-0012840 |
| bifenthrin (mixture of enantiomers) |
| DTXSID20891316 |
| HY-B0824 |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-[(1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-, (2-methyl[1,1 inverted exclamation marka-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl ester, (1r,3r)- |
| 2-methylbiphenyl-3-ylmethyl (z)-(1rs,3rs)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1- enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester, (1alpha,3alpha(z))-(+/-)- |
| (2-methyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl rel-(1r,3r)-3-((1z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| (1alpha,3alpha(z))-(+/-)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (2-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl)methyl ester |
| bifenthrin (ansi:bsi:iso) |
| bifenthrine (iso-french) |
| pesticide code: 128825 |
| onyx 6 special order |
| 2-methyl( |
| E84026 |
Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid pesticide widely used on kumquats, but the residues in the peel and pulp after b ifenthrin application at different maturity stages have not been evaluated. BIfenthrin (BF) is an insecticide commonly used to control agricultural and domestic pests and is widespread in aquatic environments.
Bifenthrin has label claim for use against sugarcane termites. It is applied at the time of planting over the cane setts in the furrows.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Bifenthrin has label claim for use against sugarcane termites and is applied at the time of planting over the cane setts in the furrows." | ( Bifenthrin in the tropical sugarcane ecosystem: persistence and environmental risk assessment. Paramasivam, M; Ramasubramanian, T, 2021) | 2.79 |
| "Bifenthrin (BF) has been used in racemate for agricultural purposes against soil insects, leading to increased inputs into soil environments. " | ( Enantioselective apoptosis induced by individual isomers of bifenthrin in Hep G2 cells. Li, J; Liu, H, 2015) | 2.1 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Bifenthrin did not inhibit PHA induced cell aggregation in all cell lines tested." | ( Bifenthrin activates homotypic aggregation in human T-cell lines. Bonventre, JA; Daniyan, A; Flynn, K; Hoffman, N; Ojugbele, O; Pryor, SC; Tran, V; Weeks, BS, 2006) | 2.5 |
Bifenthrin treated animals showed significantly increased lipid peroxidation, evidenced by increased blood malondialdehyde levels.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Bifenthrin-treated rats showed a significant lipid peroxidation in all three tissues." | ( Effect of bifenthrin on oxidative stress parameters in the liver, kidneys, and lungs of rats. Dar, MA; Khan, AM; Raina, R; Verma, PK; Wani, NM, 2019) | 1.64 |
| "Bifenthrin treated animals showed significantly increased lipid peroxidation, evidenced by increased blood malondialdehyde levels." | ( Effect of repeated oral administration of bifenthrin on lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidant parameters in Wistar rats. Dar, MA; Khan, AM; Raina, R; Sultana, M; Verma, PK, 2013) | 1.38 |
Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid pesticide that is highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates. The acute and chronic toxic effects on Daphnia magna were studied. In trans-PM, the 1R-trans isomer was substantially more toxic than the 1S-trans enantiomer.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "The acute and chronic toxic effects of bifenthrin on Daphnia magna were studied." | ( Effects of bifenthrin on Daphnia magna during chronic toxicity test and the recovery test. Liu, WP; Wang, ZQ; Wen, YZ; Ye, WH, 2004) | 0.98 |
| " In cis-bifenthrin (cis-BF) and cis-permethrin (cis-PM), the 1R-cis isomer was 15-38 times more active than the 1S-cis enantiomer, while in trans-PM, the 1R-trans isomer was substantially more toxic than the 1S-trans enantiomer." | ( Separation and aquatic toxicity of enantiomers of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. Gan, JJ; Liu, W; Qin, S, 2005) | 0.76 |
| " Utilizing published median lethal concentration (LC50) values in a toxic unit analysis, the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin was identified as the primary contributor to toxicity in nearly all sites at which toxicity was observed, with occasional additional contributions from the pyrethroids lambda-cyhalothrin, esfenvalerate, and cyfluthrin." | ( Identifying the cause and source of sediment toxicity in an agriculture-influenced creek. Lydy, MJ; Weston, DP; Zhang, M, 2008) | 0.56 |
| " Several studies have indicated that SPs could lead to oxidative damage in humans or animals which was associated with their toxic effects." | ( Enantioselective cytotoxicity of the insecticide bifenthrin on a human amnion epithelial (FL) cell line. Liu, H; Liu, W; Ma, Y; Zhang, C; Zhao, M, 2008) | 0.6 |
| " In addition, toxic unit (TU) analysis was employed to evaluate the joint toxicities." | ( Acute and chronic toxicity of organophosphate monocrotophos to Daphnia magna. Lin, K; Liu, W; Wang, L; Ye, W; Zhao, M; Zhou, S, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " In summary, our studies showed that BF was developmentally toxic to zebrafish in early life stage after short-term exposure to sublethal concentrations and had the ability to impair the individual behaviours which are of great importance in the assessment of their ecological fitness." | ( Developmental toxicity of bifenthrin in embryo-larval stages of zebrafish. Huang, C; Jin, M; Wang, L; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, M, 2009) | 0.65 |
| "With the widespread use of synthetic pyrethroids (SPs), the various toxic effects of these compounds have attracted much interest with respect to the investigation of involved mechanisms." | ( The role of oxidative stress in enantiomer-specific, bifenthrin-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Hu, F; Lu, X; Ma, Y; Wang, C; Zhang, Y; Zhao, M, 2011) | 0.62 |
| " Previous residual contact bioassays already revealed the harmful side effect of several formulated products on adults." | ( Side effects of plant protection products and biological interactions on the European earwig Forficula auricularia L. Beliën, T; Gobin, B; Moerkens, R; Peusens, G, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " It has been shown in the literature that equilibrium SPME fiber concentrations reflect the bioavailable concentrations of hydrophobic contaminants, so these fiber concentrations should be a useful metric for assessing toxic effects from the bioavailable contaminant providing a framework to expand the use of SPME fibers beyond estimation of bioaccumulation." | ( Use of solid phase microextraction to estimate toxicity: relating fiber concentrations to toxicity--part I. Ding, Y; Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; You, J, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " The present study extends the use of fiber concentrations to organism body residues to specifically address biotransformation and provide the link to toxic response." | ( Use of solid phase microextraction to estimate toxicity: relating fiber concentrations to body residues--part II. Ding, Y; Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; You, J, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " Pyrethroids were more toxic than the organophosphate chlorpyrifos in both species." | ( A comparison of the sublethal and lethal toxicity of four pesticides in Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus. Connon, RE; Geist, J; Hasenbein, S; Lawler, SP, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid pesticide that is highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates." | ( Characteristics of suspended solids affect bifenthrin toxicity to the calanoid copepods Eurytemora affinis and Pseudodiaptomus forbesi. Lesmeister, S; Parry, E; Teh, S; Young, TM, 2015) | 2.12 |
| " Previous studies have demonstrated that cis-BF exhibits toxic effects on development, the neurological, reproductive and endocrine system." | ( Cis-bifenthrin induces immunotoxicity in adolescent male C57BL/6 mice. Fu, Z; Gao, X; He, B; Hu, Q; Jin, Y; Lou, H; Wang, X; Zhu, J, 2017) | 1.01 |
| " Based on the LC50s and LC75s, dicrotophos was much less toxic than the other chemicals tested." | ( Toxicity of Bifenthrin and Mixtures of Bifenthrin Plus Acephate, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, or Dicrotophos to Adults of Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae). Duckworth, JL; Jones, MM; Robertson, J, 2018) | 0.86 |
| " Evaluating the toxic effects of insecticides on such predatory mites is essential for the success and development of IPM." | ( Toxicity of six insecticides to predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in- and off-field. Cheng, S; Huang, J; Jiang, H; Lin, R; Ren, X; Wang, S; Yu, C; Yuan, S; Zhang, N; Zhou, X, 2018) | 0.48 |
| " Sediment toxicity was predicted by total and bioaccessible pyrethroid concentrations expressed as toxic units." | ( Survey of bioaccessible pyrethroid insecticides and sediment toxicity in urban streams of the northeast United States. Fung, CY; Huff Hartz, KE; Lydy, MJ; Moran, PW; Nowell, LH; Nutile, SA; Sinche, FL; Van Metre, PC, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " It also exerts toxic effects such as hormone dysregulation, hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity in other vertebrates." | ( Bifenthrin induces developmental immunotoxicity and vascular malformation during zebrafish embryogenesis. Lee, JY; Lim, W; Park, H; Park, S; Song, G, 2020) | 2 |
| " Our study investigated the toxic effects of cis-BF alone or combined with GO on the lipid homeostasis in Xenopus laevis." | ( The combined adverse effects of cis-bifenthrin and graphene oxide on lipid homeostasis in Xenopus laevis. Li, M; Wang, Q; Wu, Q; Zhu, J, 2021) | 0.9 |
| " Despite the various effects of BF, there is a scarcity of studies about its adverse effects on male fertility." | ( The deleterious toxic effects of bifenthrin on male fertility. Bae, JW; Kwon, WS, 2021) | 0.9 |
| " Although it has been shown to be toxic to aquatic organisms, its immunotoxicity and mechanism are unclear." | ( Integrative time series of cellular, humoral and molecular response revealed immunotoxicity of bifenthrin to Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) following Pseudomonas fluorescens challenge. Hong, X; Yan, S; Zha, J; Zhang, L; Zhao, G, 2023) | 1.13 |
| " However, it can flow into surface and groundwater, leading to adverse consequences such as immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, hormone dysregulation, or neurotoxicity." | ( Adverse effects of bifenthrin exposure on neurobehavior and neurodevelopment in a zebrafish embryo/larvae model. Eghan, K; Kim, CH; Kim, WK; Lee, S; Yoo, D, 2023) | 1.24 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Intravenous dosing resulted in apparent terminal half-life (t1/2 ) values of 13." | ( The pharmacokinetic properties of bifenthrin in the rat following multiple routes of exposure. Chandrasekaran, A; ElNaggar, S; Gammon, D; Liu, Z, 2015) | 0.7 |
| "To address concerns around age-related sensitivity to pyrethroids, a life-stage physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, supported by in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) was developed." | ( Development and Application of a Life-Stage Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model to the Assessment of Internal Dose of Pyrethroids in Humans. Clewell, HJ; Creek, MR; Efremenko, AY; Hinderliter, P; Hines, RN; Lake, BG; Mallick, P; Moreau, M; Osimitz, TG; Pendse, SN; Song, G; Yoon, M, 2020) | 0.56 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " They show that fluorescence spectroscopy combined with SVM is efficient in predicting pesticide residue content." | ( Analysis of pesticide residues by a support vector machine combined with fluorescence spectroscopy. Bian, H; Feng, X; Han, Y; Ji, R; Jiang, Z; Wang, X; Xu, J, 2021) | 0.62 |
The presence of dissolved ions could influence bifenthrin toxicity either through joint action as a secondary toxicant or through changing the partitioning or bioavailability of bif tenthrin between the sediment matrix and overlying water or pore water.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Degradation and bioavailability of imidacloprid, fipronil, and bifenthrin applied at label rates ([AI], wt:wt in soil) in the loamy soil of Nebraska were determined over a 6-mo duration." | ( Concentration-dependent degradation of three termiticides in soil under laboratory conditions and their bioavailability to eastern subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Kamble, ST; Saran, RK, 2008) | 0.59 |
| " variegatus, however bioavailability varied among chemicals, sediments and aging time, and was greater for permethrin than bifenthrin." | ( Bioavailability and biotransformation of sediment-associated pyrethroid insecticides in Lumbriculus variegatus. Brennan, A; Lydy, MJ; You, J, 2009) | 0.56 |
| " The presence of these dissolved ions could influence bifenthrin toxicity either through joint action as a secondary toxicant or through changing the partitioning or bioavailability of bifenthrin between the sediment matrix and overlying water or pore water." | ( Determining modifications to bifenthrin toxicity and sediment binding affinity from varying potassium chloride concentrations in overlying water. Belden, JB; Lydy, MJ; Mueting, SA; Trimble, AJ, 2010) | 0.9 |
| "Recent studies recognize the ability of chemical techniques such as solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibers and Tenax extraction to predict bioavailability more effectively than exhaustive chemical extractions for sediment-associated organic contaminants." | ( Can SPME fiber and Tenax methods predict the bioavailability of biotransformed insecticides? Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ, 2012) | 0.38 |
| "Methods for determining bioavailability of organic contaminants suffer various operational limitations." | ( A stable isotope dilution method for measuring bioavailability of organic contaminants. Delgado-Moreno, L; Gan, J, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " Association of strongly hydrophobic contaminants (HOCs) with DOM leads to decreased toxicity and bioavailability, but bioavailability of DOM-sorbed HOCs is difficult to measure." | ( Application of isotope dilution method for measuring bioavailability of organic contaminants sorbed to dissolved organic matter (DOM). Delgado-Moreno, L; Gan, J; Wu, L, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " One technique that has shown special promise as a method for assessing the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds in sediment is the use of Tenax-extractable concentrations." | ( Tenax extraction as a simple approach to improve environmental risk assessments. Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; Nutile, SA, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " This study evaluated the oral disposition and bioavailability of bifenthrin in the adult male Long-Evans rat." | ( Tissue time course and bioavailability of the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin in the Long-Evans rat. DeVito, MJ; Edwards, BC; Hughes, MF; Ross, DG; Starr, JM, 2016) | 0.91 |
| "In this study, the bioavailability and enantioselectivity differences between bifenthrin (BF, typeⅠpyrethroid) and lambad-cyhalothrin (LCT, type Ⅱ pyrethroid) in earthworm (Eisenia fetida) were investigated." | ( Bioaccumulation and enantioselectivity of type I and type II pyrethroid pesticides in earthworm. Chang, J; Li, J; Wang, H; Wang, Y; Xu, P, 2016) | 0.66 |
| "The aim of this study was to test the bioavailability and degradation in soil of the termiticides bifenthrin and fipronil, which are used to treat subterranean termites (Heterotermes indicola, Wasmann)." | ( HPLC Analysis to Determine the Half-life and Bioavailability of the Termiticides Bifenthrin and Fipronil in Soil. Manzoor, F; Pervez, M, 2017) | 0.9 |
| "Simultaneous exposure to multiple pollutants has received great concerns considering that the interactions between pollutants can alter the environment fate and bioavailability of pollutants with potentially deleterious effects." | ( The combined adverse effects of cis-bifenthrin and graphene oxide on lipid homeostasis in Xenopus laevis. Li, M; Wang, Q; Wu, Q; Zhu, J, 2021) | 0.9 |
The influence of dosing volume on the neurobehavioral syndrome following oral acute exposure to the Type-I pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin in corn oil was evaluated in adult male Long Evans rats. A significant synergism was observed with a mixture containing 25 mg/m2 of b ifenthrin (half the recommended dosage for treated nets) and 6.07 μg L(-1) bif tenthrin (lowest observed effect concentration)
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| pyrethroid ester insecticide | null |
| pyrethroid ester acaricide | null |
| pyrethroid ester insecticide | null |
| [role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| organochlorine compound | An organochlorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chlorine bond. |
| organofluorine compound | An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. |
| cyclopropanecarboxylate ester | A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of an alcohol or phenol with the carboxy group of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid or its substituted derivatives. |
| carboxylic ester | An ester of a carboxylic acid, R(1)C(=O)OR(2), where R(1) = H or organyl and R(2) = organyl. |
| cyclopropanes | Cyclopropane and its derivatives formed by substitution. |
| organochlorine compound | An organochlorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chlorine bond. |
| organofluorine compound | An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 60.2597 | 3.1890 | 29.8841 | 59.4836 | AID1224846 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 29.3278 | 0.0060 | 38.0041 | 19,952.5996 | AID1159521; AID1159523 |
| SMAD family member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.8524 | 0.1737 | 34.3047 | 61.8120 | AID1346859 |
| SMAD family member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.8524 | 0.1737 | 34.3047 | 61.8120 | AID1346859 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.1500 | 0.0007 | 14.5928 | 83.7951 | AID1259369 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.5998 | 0.0002 | 21.2231 | 8,912.5098 | AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743054; AID743063 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 53.2108 | 0.0010 | 22.6508 | 76.6163 | AID1224838 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.6686 | 0.0004 | 17.9460 | 75.1148 | AID1346795 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.9835 | 0.0002 | 14.3764 | 60.0339 | AID720691 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 42.6840 | 0.0030 | 41.6115 | 22,387.1992 | AID1159552; AID1159555 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.3874 | 0.0008 | 17.5051 | 59.3239 | AID1159527; AID1159531 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.0203 | 0.0015 | 30.6073 | 15,848.9004 | AID1224849; AID1259403 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 20.0262 | 0.3758 | 27.4851 | 61.6524 | AID743217; AID743220 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.6686 | 0.0054 | 28.0263 | 1,258.9301 | AID1346982 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 40.1357 | 0.0002 | 29.3054 | 16,493.5996 | AID743069; AID743075; AID743080; AID743091 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.1368 | 0.0010 | 24.5048 | 61.6448 | AID743215 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.6231 | 0.0010 | 19.4141 | 70.9645 | AID743191 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.1764 | 0.0017 | 23.8393 | 78.1014 | AID743083 |
| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.8238 | 19.7391 | 45.9784 | 64.9432 | AID1159509 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 14.8832 | 0.0003 | 23.4451 | 159.6830 | AID743065; AID743067 |
| heat shock protein beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.8524 | 0.0420 | 27.3789 | 61.6448 | AID743210 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 34.1560 | 0.0023 | 19.5956 | 74.0614 | AID651631 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID1104924 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cotton leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1112015 | Termiticidal activity against Reticulitermes flavipes after 3 days by forced exposure test | 2012 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 68, Issue:1 | Bifenthrin longevity at the termiticidal application rate. |
| AID1112006 | Termiticidal activity against Reticulitermes flavipes assessed as mortality at 0.6 ug/g after 10 months by forced exposure test | 2012 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 68, Issue:1 | Bifenthrin longevity at the termiticidal application rate. |
| AID1104480 | Contact toxicity against worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) assessed as mortality at 30 mg a.i./l applied on the dorsal thorax for 11 weeks measured everyday for 3 days followed by once a week for 11 weeks | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1104432 | Toxicity against worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) assessed as mortality at 30 mg a.i./l, po administered through pollen for 11 weeks measured everyday for 3 days followed by once a week for 11 weeks | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1104360 | Toxicity against po dosed worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) administered through sugar water for 11 weeks measured everyday for 3 days followed by once a week for 11 weeks | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1104451 | Toxicity against worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) assessed as mortality at 30 mg a.i./l, po administered through sugar water for 11 weeks measured everyday for 3 days followed by once a week for 11 weeks | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1112014 | Termiticidal activity against Reticulitermes flavipes after 7 days by forced exposure test | 2012 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 68, Issue:1 | Bifenthrin longevity at the termiticidal application rate. |
| AID1111087 | Resistant ratio, ratio of LC90 for F1 generation of adult of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) to LC90 for adult of corn earworm | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1111094 | Insecticidal activity against third-instar of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) assessed as mortality per insecticide vial after 48 hr | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1111079 | Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111093 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) assessed as mortality per insecticide vial after 24 hr | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1104918 | Resistance ratio of LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested poinsettia leaves to LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cabbage leaves | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1111088 | Resistant ratio, ratio of LC90 for F1 generation of third-instar of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) to LC90 for third-instar of corn earworm | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1111077 | Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111090 | Resistant ratio, ratio of LC50 for F1 generation of third-instar of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) to LC50 for third-instar of corn earworm | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1111078 | Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111086 | Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1104409 | Contact toxicity against worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) assessed as reduction in reproduction at 30 mg a.i./l applied on the dorsal thorax for 11 weeks measured once a week for 11 weeks relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1112008 | Termiticidal activity against Reticulitermes flavipes assessed as mortality at 0.6 ug/g by forced exposure test | 2012 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 68, Issue:1 | Bifenthrin longevity at the termiticidal application rate. |
| AID1111092 | Insecticidal activity against F1 generation of third-instar of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) assessed as mortality per insecticide vial after 48 hr | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1111081 | Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111091 | Insecticidal activity against F1 generation of adult of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) assessed as mortality per insecticide vial after 24 hr | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1104917 | Resistance ratio of LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested squash leaves to LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cotton leaves | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1105275 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi R2 in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID1105276 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi R1 in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID1111084 | Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1104374 | Toxicity against worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) assessed as reduction in reproduction at 30 mg a.i./l, po administered through pollen for 11 weeks measured once a week for 11 weeks | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1105277 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi TOR in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID1104923 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cucumber leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1111082 | Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1104916 | Resistance ratio of LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested squash leaves to LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cabbage leaves | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1104921 | Resistance ratio of LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested poinsettia leaves to LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested tomato leaves | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1104463 | Contact toxicity against worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) assessed as mortality at 30 mg a.i./l applied on the dorsal thorax measured up to 1 week | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1105273 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus urticae LS-VL (two-spotted spider mite) | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID1104414 | Toxicity against worker Bombus terrestris (bumblebee) assessed as mortality at 30 mg a.i./l, po administered through pollen measured after 7 weeks | 2010 | Pest management science, Jul, Volume: 66, Issue:7 | Compatibility of traditional and novel acaricides with bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): a first laboratory assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects. |
| AID1111080 | Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1105278 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi ST JEA in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID1104920 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cabbage leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1111076 | Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1112035 | Insecticidal activity against Drosophila suzukii assessed as mortality at 112.1 g/ha by direct application at 22 degC measured after 24 hr | 2011 | Pest management science, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11 | Laboratory and field comparisons of insecticides to reduce infestation of Drosophila suzukii in berry crops. |
| AID1112036 | Insecticidal activity against Drosophila suzukii assessed as mortality at 112.2 g/ha by direct application at 22 degC measured after 24 hr | 2011 | Pest management science, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11 | Laboratory and field comparisons of insecticides to reduce infestation of Drosophila suzukii in berry crops. |
| AID1111075 | Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111085 | Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1104925 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested poinsettia leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1112007 | Termiticidal activity against Reticulitermes flavipes assessed as mortality at 0.6 ug/g after 5 months by forced exposure test | 2012 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 68, Issue:1 | Bifenthrin longevity at the termiticidal application rate. |
| AID1104922 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested tomato leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1111089 | Resistant ratio, ratio of LC50 for F1 generation of adult of Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) to LC50 for adult of corn earworm | 2010 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2 | Differential efficacy of three commonly used pyrethroids against laboratory and field-collected larvae and adults of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and significance for pyrethroid resistance management. |
| AID1111083 | Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3 (0.71) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 99 (23.52) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 237 (56.29) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 82 (19.48) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (54.45) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 2 (0.47%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 1 (0.23%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 3 (0.70%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 422 (98.60%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||