prazosin profile

Prazosin is an α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist. It is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prazosin was first synthesized in the 1960s by researchers at Pfizer. It is believed to work by blocking the effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which are hormones that cause blood vessels to constrict. This results in a decrease in blood pressure. Prazosin is also effective in treating BPH because it relaxes the muscles in the prostate gland, making it easier to urinate. Prazosin is studied because it is a safe and effective treatment for hypertension and BPH. It has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Prazosin is also being studied for its potential to treat other conditions, such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).'

Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	4893
CHEMBL ID	2
CHEBI ID	8364
SCHEMBL ID	26524
MeSH ID	M0017441

Synonym
prazosin [inn:ban]
prazosine [inn-french]
prazosina [inn-spanish]
brn 0768345
piperazine, 1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furoyl)-
einecs 242-885-8
prazosinum [inn-latin]
2-[4-(2-furoyl)piperazin-1-yl]-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine
CHEBI:8364 ,
prazosinum
prazosina
prazosine
AB00053528-19
BRD-K49111258-003-05-7
BRD-K49111258-001-02-8
gtpl503
[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-furan-2-ylmethanone
KBIO1_000375
DIVK1C_000375
NCI60_002417
SPECTRUM_000822
BCBCMAP01_000227
BSPBIO_001036
tnp00312
BIO1_000365
BIO2_000358
BIO2_000838
NCGC00016740-02
BIO1_001343
cas-19237-84-4
NCGC00024324-02
NCGC00016740-01
tocris-0623
BIO1_000854
IDI1_000375
OPREA1_314778
BSPBIO_002221
SPECTRUM5_001365
PRESTWICK2_000947
SMP1_000063
BSPBIO_000914
1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanylcarbonyl)piperazine
furazosin
piperazine, 1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanylcarbonyl)- (9ci)
[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-quinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-(2-furyl)methanone
2-(4-(2-furoyl)piperazin-1-yl)-4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline
piperazine, 1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furoyl)- (8ci)
1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanylcarbonyl) piperazine
quinazoline, 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-(2-furoyl)piperazin-1-yl)-
lentopres
piperazine, 1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanylcarbonyl)-
4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazinyl 2-furyl ketone
AB00053528
[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl](furan-2-yl)methanone
STK301545
prazosin
C07368
19216-56-9
DB00457
minipress (tn)
BPBIO1_001006
IDI1_002113
NCGC00024324-06
NCGC00024324-07
KBIOGR_000376
KBIOSS_000376
KBIO2_005512
KBIO2_003870
KBIO2_006438
KBIOGR_000965
KBIO2_002944
KBIO2_000376
KBIO3_001721
KBIO3_000731
KBIO3_000732
KBIO2_001302
KBIOSS_001302
SPECTRUM4_000483
NINDS_000375
SPECTRUM3_000551
PRESTWICK1_000947
SPECTRUM2_001289
PRESTWICK0_000947
SPBIO_003073
SPBIO_001297
PRESTWICK3_000947
NCGC00024324-05
NCGC00024324-09
NCGC00024324-04
NCGC00016740-03
NCGC00024324-08
HMS1990D17
HMS2089G09
NCGC00016740-14
[3h]-furazosin
chembl2 ,
[3h]-pratsiol
[3h]-minipress
bdbm29568
[3h]-prazosin
AKOS000310009
L000666
cp-12299
cp-122991
D08411
prazosin (inn)
HMS1792D17
HMS1362D17
[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-(furan-2-yl)methanone
NCGC00024324-10
2-[4-(furan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine
xra ,
5-25-13-00365 (beilstein handbook reference)
xm03yj541d ,
unii-xm03yj541d
dtxsid4049082 ,
dtxcid0029008
tox21_113646
cas-19216-56-9
2-[4-(furan-2-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine
prazocin
NCGC00016740-13
NCGC00016740-10
NCGC00016740-09
NCGC00016740-08
NCGC00016740-11
NCGC00016740-07
NCGC00016740-15
NCGC00016740-12
NCGC00016740-04
NCGC00016740-05
NCGC00016740-06
FT-0630457
NCGC00016740-19
prazosin [who-dd]
prazosin [mi]
prazosin [vandf]
prazosin [inn]
1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-4-(furan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazine
terazosin hydrochloride dihydrate impurity k [ep impurity]
S5780
2-{4-[(furan-2-yl)carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl}-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine
[3h]prazosin
gtpl5385
HY-B0193
BBL028799
SCHEMBL26524
NCGC00016740-18
tox21_113646_1
AF-0052
2-(4-(2-furoyl)-1-piperazinyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinazolinamine
2-[4-(2-furoyl)piperazin-1-yl]-4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline
6,7-dimethoxy-4-amino-2-[4-(2-furoyl)piperazin-1-yl]quinazoline
1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)4-(2-furoyl)piperazine
prazosin, prazosin hydrochloride
MLS006011888
smr001550197
[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-1-piperazinyl](2-furyl)methanone
W-107722
1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furoyl)piperazine
2-[4-(2-furoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinazolinamine #
Z275127478
(4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)(furan-2-yl)methanone
HMS3403D17
AB00053528_20
AB00053528_21
SBI-0051487.P003
FT-0674003
Q425296
(4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-piperazin-1-yl)(furan-2-yl)methanone
BCP14556
methanone, [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2-furanyl-
terazosin hcl impurity k
BRD-K49111258-003-16-4
SB17351
SDCCGSBI-0051487.P004
NCGC00016740-33
HMS3886H03
EN300-229477
[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)piperazino](2-furyl)methanone
prazosinum (inn-latin)
2-(4-(2-furoyl)piperazin-1-yl)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine
prazosina (inn-spanish)
c02ca01
prazosine (inn-french)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Prazosin is an alpha-1 blocker that is commonly given to patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to reduce nightmares and flashbacks. It was originally approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of hypertension.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Prazosin is an alpha-1 adrenoreceptor antagonist that reduces noradrenergic signaling. "	( Randomized controlled pilot trial of prazosin for prophylaxis of posttraumatic headaches in active-duty service members and veterans. Engle, CK; Groh, SS; Hargrove, AM; Hart, KL; Mayer, CL; Peskind, ER; Poupore, EL; Raskind, MA; Riechers, RG; Ruff, RL; Savage, PJ; Shofer, JB; Williams, TJ, 2023)	2.63
"Prazosin is an antihypertensive medication which can be used to help with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. "	( Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes after gestational exposure to prazosin. Campbell, MK; Garcia-Bournissen, F; Matsui, D; Zitoun, N, 2023)	2.58
"Prazosin is an alpha-1 blocker that is commonly given to patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to reduce nightmares and flashbacks. "	( Clinical Use of Prazosin in a Patient With Acute Stress Disorder: A Case Report. Opler, DJ; Srivastava, AA, 2020)	2.35
"Prazosin is an alpha-1 receptor antagonist originally approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of hypertension."	( Two Case Reports on Use of Prazosin for Drug Dreams. Campbell, A; Gopalakrishna, G; Nemetalla, MA; Popoola, O, )	1.15
"Prazosin is an α1 adrenoceptor antagonist used in pharmacotherapy for the treatment of hypertension. "	( Prazosin-stimulated release of hepatic triacylglyceride lipase from primary cultured rat hepatocytes is involved in the regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase through activation of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II. Kamishikiryo, J; Morita, T; Nakamura, T, 2016)	3.32
"Prazosin is supposed to be a physiological & pharmalogical antidote of the scorpion venom but we studied efficacy of dobutamine in prazosin-resistant cardiotoxic cases."	( A retrospective analysis of a rural set up experience with special reference to dobutamine in prazosin-resistant scorpion sting cases. Patil, SN, 2009)	1.29
"Prazosin is a powerful tool for rapid and reversible perturbation of endocytic dynamics."	( Dopamine receptor D3 regulates endocytic sorting by a Prazosin-sensitive interaction with the coatomer COPI. Bedigian, AV; Coughlin, ML; Eggert, US; Mitchison, TJ; Wang, W; Zhang, X, 2012)	1.35
"Prazosin is a readily available alpha-adrenergic antagonist that may be useful in the management of functional urethral obstruction in companion animals. "	( Urethral pressure profile and hemodynamic effects of phenoxybenzamine and prazosin in non-sedated male beagle dogs. Cribb, AE; Fischer, JR; Lane, IF, 2003)	1.99
"Prazosin is a centrally active alpha(1) adrenergic antagonist. "	( Reduction of nightmares and other PTSD symptoms in combat veterans by prazosin: a placebo-controlled study. Dobie, DJ; Hoff, D; Kanter, ED; McFall, MM; Peskind, ER; Petrie, EC; Radant, A; Raskind, MA; Rein, RJ; Straits-Tröster, K; Thomas, RG; Thompson, CE, 2003)	2
"Prazosin is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for trauma nightmares, sleep disturbance and global clinical status in veterans with chronic PTSD."	( A parallel group placebo controlled study of prazosin for trauma nightmares and sleep disturbance in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Gross, C; Hart, KL; Hoff, DJ; Holmes, HA; McFall, ME; O'Connell, J; Peskind, ER; Raskind, MA; Rohde, K; Shofer, J; Taylor, F; Warren, D, 2007)	2.04
"Prazosin appears to be a promising and fairly well tolerated agent for the management of PTSD-related nightmares and sleep disturbances. "	( Prazosin treatment of nightmares related to posttraumatic stress disorder. Dierks, MR; Jordan, JK; Sheehan, AH, 2007)	3.23
"Prazosin is a centrally and peripherally acting alpha(1)-adrenergic antagonist whose mechanism of action, favorable adverse-effect profile, and low cost make it a promising agent for the treatment of PTSD."	( Prazosin for treatment of nightmares related to posttraumatic stress disorder. Cates, ME; Freeman, MK; Taylor, HR, 2008)	2.51
"Prazosin appears to be a promising and well-tolerated agent for the management of PTSD-related nightmares. "	( Prazosin for treatment of nightmares related to posttraumatic stress disorder. Cates, ME; Freeman, MK; Taylor, HR, 2008)	3.23
"Prazosin is a new antihypertensive agent the mechanism of action of which involves a selective blockade of postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptors."	( Recent developments in noradrenergic neurotransmission and its relevance to the mechanism of action of certain antihypertensive agents. Cavero, I; Langer, SZ; Massingham, R, )	0.85
"Prazosin is considered to be a useful anti-hypertensive agent especially in combination with thiazides and/or beta blockers."	( Prazosin in general practice. Musgrove, JP, 1981)	2.43
"Prazosin is a versatile drug that may be used alone or in combination to treat mild, moderate, or severe hypertension."	( Alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade with prazosin. Consideration of hypertension, heart failure, and potential new applications. Colucci, WS, 1982)	1.25
"Prazosin is an orally active post-synaptic selective alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist that has been widely used in treating hypertension and congestive heart failure (CHF). "	( Prazosin update. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in hypertension and congestive heart failure. Brogden, RN; Kellerman, D; Romankiewicz, JA; Stanaszek, WF, 1983)	3.15
"[3H]Prazosin is a selective ligand for alpha 1-adrenoceptors. "	( Autoradiographic localization of prazosin binding sites in rat kidney. Dashwood, MR, 1983)	1.11
"Prazosin is a post synaptic alpha adrenergic blocker effective in hypertension, whose hypotensive effect is unaccompanied by reflex tachycardia or hyperreninemia, nor by other evidence of increased sympathetic activity. "	( Prazosin depression of baroreflex function in hypertensive man. O'Connor, DT; Sasso, EH, 1982)	3.15
"Prazosin is a valuable vasodilator for long-term treatment of otherwise refractory congestive heart failure with the agent given in sufficient individualized dosage."	( Sustained effectiveness of chronic prazosin therapy in severe chronic congestive heart failure. Bertel, O; Bühler, FR; Burkart, F, 1981)	1.26
"Prazosin is a selective peripheral alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. "	( [Weak transplacental passage of prazosin (Alpress) during the third trimester of pregnancy. 3 cases]. Bourget, P; Edouard, D; Fernandez, H; Frydman, R; Ribou, F, 1993)	2.01
"Prazosin is an alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist commonly used as an antihypertensive agent."	( The alpha1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin improves sleep and nightmares in civilian trauma posttraumatic stress disorder. Raskind, MA; Taylor, F, 2002)	1.32
"Prazosin is an effective hypotensive agent, used alone or in combination, in most patients with hypertension of all degrees of severity."	( Prazosin in hypertension. Part I. Clinical experience in 100 patients. Brocklehurst, JE; Turner, AS; Watson, OF, 1977)	2.42
"Prazosin appears to be a potent and appropriate third agent."	( Evaluation of beta blockade bendrofluazide, and prazosin in severe hypertension. Barritt, DW; Heaton, ST; Marshall, AJ; Pocock, J, 1977)	1.23
"Prazosin appears to be a suitable substitute for hydralazine as an effective vasodialator if thiazides plus propranolol or thiazides plus reserpine or alpha-methyldopa are not effective."	( Propranolol and newer antihypertensive drugs in the management of hypertension. Moser, M, 1979)	0.98
"Prazosin hydrochloride is an orally administered vasodilator that recently became available for the treatment of hypertension. "	( Evaluation of a new antihypertensive agent: prazosin hydrochloride (Minipress). Kosman, ME, 1977)	1.96
"Prazosin is a useful alternative to hydralazine in the treatment of hypertension."	( Prazosin alone and combined with a thiazide diuretic in the treatment of hypertension. Bhoola, R; Seedat, MA; Seedat, YK, 1977)	2.42
"(i) Prazosin is an effective and useful antihypertensive agent, best used with a diuretic and a beta-blocker."	( Initial experience with prazosin in New Zealand. A multicentre report. New Zealand Hypertension Study Group. , 1977)	1.04
"Prazosin seems to be a useful antihypertensive agent in the treatment of patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension."	( Open studies with prazosin in the treatment of essential hypertension. Prazosin Research Group in Japan. , 1977)	1.31
"Prazosin is a quinazoline that has a long lasting hypotensive effect. "	( Mechanism of the hypotensive effect of prazosin. Gomes da Silva, AC; Nigro, D; Scivoletto, R; Toledo, AJ, 1976)	1.97
"Prazosin which is a selective alfa-1 blocking drug has a very good antihypertensive effect. "	( [Hemorheologic changes in patients with essential hypertension treated with prazosin]. Brkić, D; Gerc, V; Kamhi, J; Koblar, V, 1992)	1.96
"Prazosin is a highly selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist that decreases blood pressure by actions on both the peripheral and central (CNS) divisions of the nervous system. "	( Comparison of peripheral and central nervous system sympatholytic actions of prazosin using the cat nictitating membrane. Koss, MC, 1992)	1.96
"Prazosin is a selective alpha 1-antagonist that is both effective in lowering blood pressure and well tolerated."	( Comparison of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists as antihypertensive agents. Anavekar, SN; Conway, EL; Drummer, OH; Howes, LG; Jarrott, B; Louis, WJ; McNeil, JJ; Workman, B, 1987)	0.99
"Prazosin is a post-synaptic alpha-blocker which acts on both cardiac preload and afterload."	( [Prazosin in the treatment of chronic cardiac insufficiency]. Champoud, O; Cribier, A; Letac, B, 1985)	1.9
"Prazosin is a quinazoline derivative, which lowers blood pressure by selective alpha-1-receptor antagonism. "	( Clinical pharmacology and therapeutic role of prazosin and related alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists. Reid, JL; Vincent, J, 1986)	1.97
"Prazosin is a selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist which is useful alone or in combination for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. "	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of prazosin--1985. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL; Rubin, PC; Vincent, J, )	1.87

Effects

Prazosin has a relatively favorable side effect profile with once-daily dosing and low cost. It has a presynaptic inhibitory effect on alpha 2-adrenoceptors of noradrenergic axon terminals.

Prazosin has been an accepted treatment for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who experience sleep disturbances, including nightmares. The drug has a relatively favorable side effect profile with once-daily dosing and low cost.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Prazosin has a relatively favorable side effect profile with once-daily dosing and low cost."	( Prazosin use in a patient with rare Neurobeachin gene deletion shows improvement in paranoid behavior: a case report. Cantwell, CY; Fortman, J; Seegan, A, 2021)	2.79
"Prazosin generally has a high affinity for rodent alpha-2 receptors, but a low affinity for non-rodent alpha-2 receptors, while oxymetazoline is more potent at non-rodent alpha-2 receptors."	( Heterogeneity of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. Bylund, DB, 1985)	0.99
"Prazosin, although it has a presynaptic inhibitory effect on alpha 2-adrenoceptors of noradrenergic axon terminals, has no effect on cholinergic axon terminals."	( Neurochemical evidence for two types of presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Harsing, LG; Kapocsi, J; Ludvig, N; Serfozo, P; Somogyi, GT; Vizi, ES; Woods, RJ, 1987)	0.99
"Prazosin has a relatively favorable side effect profile with once-daily dosing and low cost."	( Prazosin use in a patient with rare Neurobeachin gene deletion shows improvement in paranoid behavior: a case report. Cantwell, CY; Fortman, J; Seegan, A, 2021)	2.79
"Prazosin has shown protective effects against IR-injuries."	( Prazosin Treatment Protects Brain and Heart by Diminishing Oxidative Stress and Apoptotic Pathways After Renal Ischemia Reperfusion. Aghajani, S; Ahmadian, E; Bagheri, Y; Jeddi, M; Malekinejad, Z; Qahremani, R; Shahbazi, S, 2022)	2.89
"Prazosin has been an accepted treatment for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who experience sleep disturbances, including nightmares. "	( Prazosin for treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hollifield, M; Mintz, J; Reist, C; Shapiro, B; Streja, E; Tang, CC, 2021)	3.51
"Prazosin has also been studied in younger and older adults with PTSD and in patients with alcohol problems, in whom it was found to reduce cravings and stress responses."	( Prazosin in the treatment of PTSD. Green, B, 2014)	2.57
"Prazosin has been proven to be safe and effective in the management of nightmares and sleep disturbances associated with PTSD and is indicated where these distressing symptoms are present."	( Is there a role for prazosin in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder? Eaton, S; Togno, J, 2015)	1.46
"Prazosin's efficacy has been demonstrated in the management of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and associated nightmares."	( Two Case Reports on Use of Prazosin for Drug Dreams. Campbell, A; Gopalakrishna, G; Nemetalla, MA; Popoola, O, )	1.15
"Prazosin has shown promising outcomes in treating nightmares associated with PTSD in children and adolescents, although this has not been well studied. "	( Prazosin in Children and Adolescents With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Who Have Nightmares: A Systematic Review. Akinsanya, A; Marwaha, R; Tampi, RR, 2017)	3.34
"Prazosin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of PTSD trauma-related nightmares. "	( The efficacy of prazosin for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder nightmares in U.S. military veterans. Blankley, K; Breen, A; Fine, J, 2017)	2.24
"Prazosin has partially inhibited the aggregatory effect of CLT."	( Study of the effects of the casein derived bitter tastant on the melanophores in milieu with the melatonin receptors. Ahmed, F; Mubashshir, M; Ovais, M, 2011)	1.09
"Prazosin has been used in the treatment of heart failure due to mechanical ventricular overload."	( Effect of prolonged prazosin treatment on hemodynamic and biochemical changes in the dog heart due to chronic pressure overload. Bharadwaj, B; O'Neil, CL; Prasad, K, 1984)	1.31
"[3H]Prazosin has been used to measure receptor number as well as the binding kinetics with surface receptors, and the observed equilibrium and kinetic constants are in close accord with values obtained previously in cellular homogenates."	( The relationship between alpha 1-adrenergic receptor occupation and the mobilization of intracellular calcium. Amitai, G; Brown, RD; Taylor, P, 1984)	0.75
"Prazosin has proved to be beneficial in CHF resistant to digitalis and diuretics."	( Haemodynamic effects of prazosin in CHF. Gale, EV; Kuan, P; Reuben, SR; Wilde, PM, 1981)	1.29
"Prazosin has little or no effect on the presynaptic alpha-2 receptors nor does it interfere with the cholinergic mechanism in the sinus node."	( The direct negative chronotropic action of prazosin on the canine sinus node. James, TN; Schwartz, KM; Urthaler, F, 1982)	1.25
"Prazosin has no effect on 5-HT receptors in either vessel and blocks the alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation by 5-HT in ear artery."	( Receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine in rabbit isolated ear artery and aorta. Hurlbut, DE; Purdy, RE; Rains, LA, 1981)	0.98
"Prazosin has partial inhibitory effect."	( Differential effects of classical and newer antipsychotics on the hypermotility induced by two dose levels of D-amphetamine. Arnt, J, 1995)	1.01
"Prazosin has been found in two randomized controlled cross-over trials to be more effective than placebo in the treatment of Raynaud's secondary to scleroderma."	( Prazosin for Raynaud's phenomenon in progressive systemic sclerosis. Fenlon, D; Furst, D; Pope, J; Shea, B; Silman, A; Thompson, A; Wells, G, 2000)	2.47
"Prazosin has been used as an antihypertensive drug in the treatment of 93 patients in Dunedin since 1971-1972, mainly those whose previous control was unsatisfactory. "	( Use of prazosin at the dunedin hypertension clinic controlled and open studies and pharmacokinetic observations. Bolli, P; Simpson, FO; Wood, AJ, 1977)	2.15
"Prazosin has been effective in the acute management and as prophylaxis against recurrences."	( Chronic pernio: another cause of blue toes. Spittell, JA; Spittell, PC, )	0.85
"Prazosin has favorable effects on some risk factors, and it therefore seem interesting to conduct a study in a pannel of hypertensive patients, to emphasize the quality of Alpress response, based on these criteria."	( [Efficacy, tolerance and incidence of risk factors of Alpress in the treatment of arterial hypertension]. Neimann, JL, 1989)	1
"Prazosin generally has a high affinity for rodent alpha-2 receptors, but a low affinity for non-rodent alpha-2 receptors, while oxymetazoline is more potent at non-rodent alpha-2 receptors."	( Heterogeneity of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. Bylund, DB, 1985)	0.99
"Prazosin has been used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. "	( Effect of prazosin treatment on the cardiac sarcolemmal ATPase in failing heart due to mitral insufficiency in dogs. Bharadwaj, B; O'Neil, CL; Prasad, K, 1985)	2.11
"Prazosin, although it has a presynaptic inhibitory effect on alpha 2-adrenoceptors of noradrenergic axon terminals, has no effect on cholinergic axon terminals."	( Neurochemical evidence for two types of presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Harsing, LG; Kapocsi, J; Ludvig, N; Serfozo, P; Somogyi, GT; Vizi, ES; Woods, RJ, 1987)	0.99
"Prazosin has been reported to reduce the hypotensive and/or bradycardic effect of clonidine in various animal models. "	( Prazosin partly blocks clonidine-induced hypotension in patients with essential hypertension. Farsang, C; Kapocsi, J; Vizi, ES, 1987)	3.16
"Prazosin has been successfully used in the treatment of hypertension for more than 10 years."	( Clinical pharmacology of selective alpha blockers. Hemodynamics and effects on lipid levels. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL; Vincent, J, 1987)	0.99
"Prazosin has proved to be the strongest antagonist of alpha 1-receptors towards which, however, it showed a certain bond latency."	( Effects of 1-[2-ethoxy-2-(3'-pyridyl)ethyl]-4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (IP-66), prazosin, yohimbine and dihydroergotoxine mesylate on the vasoconstriction of rat mesenteric artery induced by electric stimulation and exogenous norepinephrine. Castellucci, A, 1985)	1.22

Actions

Prazosin's increase in popularity as a treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder makes it important for emergency physicians to be aware of how to manage potential toxic ingestion.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Prazosin's increase in popularity as a treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder makes it important for emergency physicians to be aware of how to manage potential toxic ingestion because of prazosin overdose."	( Refractory Hypotension Caused by Prazosin Overdose Combined With Acetaminophen and Naproxen Toxicity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Anderson, C; Gupta, R; Lim, RK; Lynch, T, 2018)	1.48
"Prazosin can inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells and induce the apoptosis of K562 cells."	( [Effects of prazosin on the proliferation and apoptosis of K562 leukemia cells]. He, J; He, Q, 2005)	2.15
"The prazosin-related increase in the cholesterol ratio in vivo has been interpreted as a beneficial modification of this risk factor, but is not explained by our in vitro observations."	( Comparison of in vitro and in vivo effects of prazosin on lipid metabolism. Kather, H; Säuberlich, P, 1984)	1.01
"Prazosin was used because it is a postsynaptic alpha-blocking agent producing no direct tachycardia or renin stimulation and because its action in producing visceral vasodilation might improve uteroplacental perfusion."	( Prazosin and oxprenolol therapy in pregnancy hypertension. Davey, DA; Dommisse, J; Roos, PJ, 1983)	2.43
"The prazosin-sensitive increase in free water clearance following clonidine suggested a possible role for the alpha 2b-subtype."	( Clonidine-induced increase in osmolar clearance and free water clearance via activation of two distinct alpha 2-adrenoceptor sites. Intengan, HD; Smyth, DD, 1996)	0.77
"prazosin did produce were highly correlated with each other and had a slope near unity as with terazosin, whereas the more potent inhibition of lung binding was less well correlated with behavioral inhibition and had a slope significantly less than one."	( Pharmacological blockade of brain alpha1-adrenoceptors as measured by ex vivo [3H]prazosin binding is correlated with behavioral immobility. Lin, Y; Quartermain, D; Rosengarten, H; Stone, EA, 2001)	1.26
"Prazosin did not increase the ANA incidence in patients on or off various drug combinations including beta blockers and diuretics."	( Influence of prazosin on the development of antinuclear antibodies in hypertensive patients. Booth, RJ; Bullock, JY; Wilson, JD, 1979)	1.35
"Thus prazosin appears to lower blood pressure for periods up to 1 year with little evidence of tolerance and with no change in heart rate."	( Long-term antihypertensive therapy with prazosin plus a diuretic. Maxwell, M; Okun, R, )	0.85
"Prazosin had a 10-fold lower potency against epinephrine-induced contractions in the dorsal pedal artery, whereas it was not competitive against epinephrine in the saphenous vein."	( Pacing-induced heart failure in the dog: evaluation of peripheral vascular alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes. Armstrong, PW; Forster, C, 1990)	1
"Prazosin may suppress OAP by an action on the Iti which is independent of alpha-adrenergic or local anaesthetic actions."	( Effects of alpha-adrenergic agents on transient inward current in rabbit Purkinje fibers. Carmeliet, E; Ferrier, GR, 1990)	1
"Thus prazosin failed to produce similar antihypertensive effects both in the treated rats and in their offspring and one can therefore conclude that nicergoline's effects were not only due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade."	( [Absence of the antihypertensive effect of chronic treatment with prazosin in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and their offspring]. Berland, C; Boismare, F; Chadelaud, M; Chrétien, P; Daoust, M; Moore, N; Saligaut, C, )	0.82
"Prazosin inhibited the increase in phosphatidylinositol turnover elicited by epinephrine, but propranolol did not."	( Effects of isoproterenol pretreatment on phosphatidylinositol turnover in rat parotid gland. Akino, T; Miyamoto, A; Ohshika, H, 1986)	0.99

Treatment

Prazosin treatment did not result in a decrease in the effectiveness of estradiol in the induction of cytosol progestin receptors in the mediobasal hypothalamus. The cells are regulated by the alpha 1-noradrenergic system may not be those cells in which progestIn receptors are also induced. Prazosins significantly decreased mean arterial pressure in normal and hypercholesterolemic monkeys.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Prazosin treatment decreased TNF-α, FGF23, and FGFR1 expression in the heart of rats with 6-OHDA-induced HF."	( Prazosin improves neurogenic acute heart failure through downregulation of fibroblast growth factor 23 in rat hearts. Chen, HH; Lu, WH; Pan, JY; Tseng, CJ; Wu, CJ, )	2.3
"Prazosin treatment and alcohol access were then discontinued for 2 weeks followed by reinstatement of alcohol access without prazosin treatment for 4 weeks, followed by resumption of daily prazosin treatment (2.0 mg/kg BW) for 3 weeks."	( Prazosin reduces alcohol drinking throughout prolonged treatment and blocks the initiation of drinking in rats selectively bred for high alcohol intake. Federoff, DL; Fischer, SM; Froehlich, JC; Hausauer, BJ; Rasmussen, DD, 2013)	2.55
"The prazosin treatment did not affect the rats on any other parameters measured."	( Increased skeletal muscle capillarization enhances insulin sensitivity. Akerstrom, T; Brand, CL; Hellsten, Y; Laub, L; Lindqvist, AK; Pedersen, BK; Vedel, K; Wojtaszewski, JF, 2014)	0.88
"Prazosin or yohimbine treatment did not significantly influence the NE+hypoxia effect."	( Noradrenaline enhances angiotensin II responses via p38 MAPK activation after hypoxia/re-oxygenation in renal interlobar arteries. Fähling, M; Gaestel, M; Hultström, M; Kaufmann, J; Liu, ZZ; Martinka, P; Moede, O; Moraes-Silva, IC; Nikitina, T; Patzak, A; Sendeski, M; Steege, A; Zavaritskaya, O, 2015)	1.14
"Prazosin treatment before stresses experienced during alcohol deprivations may prevent the increased anxiety during subsequent deprivation/abstinence that is a risk factor for relapse to alcohol drinking."	( Prazosin Prevents Increased Anxiety Behavior That Occurs in Response to Stress During Alcohol Deprivations. Froehlich, JC; Kincaid, CL; Rasmussen, DD, 2017)	3.34
"Prazosin treatment during repeated alcohol deprivations may prevent the increased anxiety that is a risk factor for relapse to alcohol drinking."	( Prazosin Prevents Increased Anxiety Behavior That Occurs in Response to Stress During Alcohol Deprivations. Froehlich, JC; Kincaid, CL; Rasmussen, DD, 2017)	2.62
"Prazosin treatment inhibited the increase in Fos-IR in the mPOA and MeaPD but not in the rVMH."	( Effect of systemic blockade of α(1)-noradrenergic receptors on sex behavior and vaginal-cervical stimulation-induced Fos in female rats. Kirkpatrick, ME; Merrill, L, 2011)	1.09
"Prazosin treatment of HUVECs resulted in reduced MCL-1 expression, increased Bad, and Bcl-xL expression, cytochrome c release, and induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway."	( Anti-angiogenic effects and mechanism of prazosin. Chueh, SC; Guh, JH; Liao, CH; Yu, HJ, 2011)	1.36
"Prazosin pretreatment at 2.0 mg/kg significantly attenuated the hypophagia, but not the hypodipsia, induced by administration of 10 mg/kg and by 20 mg/kg (-)-EPH."	( Noradrenergic modulation of ephedrine-induced hypophagia. Ho, DH; Miller, DK; Wellman, PJ, 2003)	1.04
"Prazosin treatment prolonged the duration of NTG-induced MAP response by about 4-fold for all NTG doses examined (P < 0.01 versus corresponding dose before prazosin, ANOVA)."	( Prazosin potentiates the acute hypotensive effects of nitroglycerin but does not attenuate nitrate tolerance in normal conscious rats. Fung, HL; Wang, EQ, 2004)	2.49
"Prazosin treatment (1 mg kg(-1) Mb) abolished pressure and flow changes during swimming at 1 BL s(-1), but not 2 BL s(-1), indicating that other control systems besides an alpha-adrenoceptor control are involved."	( Cardiac preload and venous return in swimming sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Altimiras, J; Axelsson, M; Claireaux, G; Farrell, AP; Sandblom, E, 2005)	1.05
"Prazosin treatment did not block the exercise-mediated increase in MCFP (0.25+/-0.04 kPa to 0.33+/-0.04 kPa at the end of exercise), but delayed the other cardiovascular responses to swimming such that Q and P(ven) did not increase significantly until around 10-13 min of exercise, suggesting that an endogenous humoral control mechanism had been activated."	( Venous responses during exercise in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: alpha-adrenergic control and the antihypotensive function of the renin-angiotensin system. Axelsson, M; McKenzie, DJ; Sandblom, E, 2006)	1.06
"Prazosin pretreatment eliminated the first T(c) rise but not the second; PGE(2) rose normally."	( Preoptic norepinephrine mediates the febrile response of guinea pigs to lipopolysaccharide. Blatteis, CM; Feleder, C; Perlik, V, 2007)	1.06
"Prazosin treatment, although it markedly reduced left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, did not reduce the cardiomegaly."	( Effect of prolonged prazosin treatment on hemodynamic and biochemical changes in the dog heart due to chronic pressure overload. Bharadwaj, B; O'Neil, CL; Prasad, K, 1984)	1.31
"Prazosin treatment for 2 weeks with 4.5 mg/day enhanced the substance P plasma level depending on its antihypertensive effect."	( Evidence of decreased plasma substance P levels in human essential hypertension and influence of prazosin treatment. Faulhaber, HD; Görne, RC; Hartrodt, W; Homuth, V; Naumann, E; Oehme, P; Pfeiffer, D; Rathsack, R; Rostock, G, 1983)	1.2
"Prazosin treatment produced no changes either in the total or in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but led to a reduction of the total triglyceride levels by 9.5% (P less than 0.05)."	( Changes in serum lipid levels during antihypertensive therapy. , 1984)	0.99
"Prazosin pretreatment and TAB prevented these effects."	( Haemodynamic response to ketanserin in rabbits with Page hypertension: comparison with prazosin. Angus, JA; Wright, CE, 1983)	1.21
"Prazosin treatment clearly relieved dyspnea and fatigue."	( The effects of prazosin in severe congestive heart failure. An echocardiographic study. Comşulea, L; Drăgulescu, SI; Streian, C, )	1.21
"Prazosin treatment significantly reduced nasal airflow to 177 +/- 111 ml/s when subjects were placed in dorsally recumbent positions and to 117 +/- 104 ml/s in 70 degrees head down positions (P < 0.001)."	( Autonomic regulation of nasal vessels during changes in body position. Krause, W; Riechelmann, H, 1994)	1.01
"In prazosin-treated preparations ET-1 increased the residual mATP-sensitive responses and this effect was more pronounced after yohimbine."	( Modulatory effects of endothelin-1 on purinergic and adrenergic components of sympathetically-mediated contractile activity of rabbit saphenous artery. Mutafova-Yambolieva, VN; Radomirov, RG, 1994)	0.8
"Prazosin treatment of intact animals did not affect LPL activity in WAT, but increased enzyme activity in BAT (P < .02)."	( Involvement of insulinemia in the postprandial hypotriacylglycerolemia induced by prazosin in the rat. Belahsen, R; Deshaies, Y, 1993)	1.23
"Prazosin pre-treatment did not alter any of the renal responses to frusemide treatment (mean dose 85 +/- 14 mg)."	( Renal effects of low dose prazosin in patients with congestive heart failure. Choy, AM; Lang, CC; Rahman, AR; Struthers, AD, 1993)	1.31
"In prazosin-pretreated rats, perfusion with 10 mM HCl increased clearance of 51Cr-EDTA 2.6-fold, and the lesion score was greater in this group than in animals infused with VIP."	( Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide reduces hydrochloric acid-induced duodenal mucosal permeability. Holm, L; Larson, GM; Nylander, O; Wilander, E, 1993)	0.8
"Prazosin treatment for 12 months did not influence significantly LH and testosterone secretion."	( [The effect of long-term prazosin treatment on plasma follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), prolactin, estradiol and testosterone concentration in male patients with essential hypertension]. Kokot, F; Wiecek, A; Zukowska-Szczechowska, E, 1993)	1.31
"In prazosin-treated rabbits, the total peripheral resistance became less responsive to phentolamine stimulation."	( Influence of repeated prazosin administration on cardiovascular responses in rats and rabbits. Hui, SC; Qiu, BS, 1996)	1.12
"Prazosin treatment did reduced the inhibition, but only moderately."	( A prejunctional mechanism in midbrain periaqueductal gray inhibition of vagal bradycardia in rats. Inui, K; Murase, S; Murata, K; Nosaka, S, 1996)	1.02
"In prazosin-treated strips, nicotine-induced relaxations were not affected by timolol, atropine and indomethacin but were abolished by oxyhemoglobin and NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), a NO synthase inhibitor."	( Nitroxidergic nerve stimulation relaxes human uterine vein. Kimura, T; Okamura, T; Toda, N, 1995)	0.81
"Prazosin pretreatment (2.4 mumol/kg, i.p.) abolished the delayed myocardial adaptive response induced by NE at 72 h (post-ischemic LVDP 48.3 +/- 6.1 mmHg, P > 0.05 v control) while propranolol pretreatment (3.4 mumol/kg, i.p.) had no effect (post-ischemic LVDP 67.3 +/- 3.7 mmHg, P < 0.05 v control)."	( Norepinephrine-induced sustained myocardial adaptation to ischemia is dependent on alpha 1-adrenoceptors and protein synthesis. Banerjee, A; Brown, JM; Cleveland, JC; Harken, AH; Meng, X; Mitchell, MB; Rowland, RT, 1996)	1.02
"Prazosin treated males ejaculated fewer sperm (12.58 +/- 8.12 vs."	( Effect of prazosin on sperm transport in male rats. Ippolito, DL; Solomon, HM; Toscano, TV; Wier, PJ, )	1.26
"Prazosin-treated rats were allowed free access to tap water containing two different concentrations of prazosin (16 or 156 mg L-1) for 5 weeks."	( Chronic treatment with prazosin causes a subtype-specific increase in the alpha 1-adrenoceptor density of the stressed rat cerebral cortex. Muramatsu, I; Takita, M; Taniguchi, T; Zhu, J, 1997)	1.33
"Prazosin treatment effects were evaluated in two groups of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). "	( [The mechanism of action of the alpha-adrenoblocker prazosin on bladder function in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia]. Loran, OB; Vishnevskiĭ, AE, )	1.82
"Prazosin treatment might also reduce the forearm sympathetic nerve activity."	( Differences between the effects of metoprolol and prazosin on the forearm vasculature in primary hypertension. Gretzer, I; Hjemdahl, P, 1997)	1.27
"With Prazosin pretreatment compared to placebo pretreatment no statistically significant differences for the changes of GFR, FF, RPF and RVR were seen."	( Renal hemodynamic changes during smoking: effects of adrenoreceptor blockade. Benck, U; Clorius, JH; Ritz, E; Zuna, I, 1999)	0.76
"Prazosin treatment in burns interrupted the burn-mediated signaling cascade, decreasing TNF-alpha secretion by cardiomyocytes and preventing post-burn cardiac contractile dysfunction."	( Activation of stress-responsive pathways by the sympathetic nervous system in burn trauma. Ballard-Croft, C; Horton, J; Maass, DL; Sikes, P; White, J, 2002)	1.04
"Prazosin-pretreated SHR responded to phenylephrine with a fall followed by a rise in carotid blood pressure."	( Mechanism of antihypertensive activity of orally administered prazosin in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cavero, I; Gomeni, R; Lefèvre-Borg, F; Roach, AG, )	1.09
"In prazosin-treated and saline-treated EAE rats, protein extravasation in the spinal cord correlated with clinical presentation."	( Effects of prazosin on the blood-brain barrier during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Brosnan, CF; Claudio, L, 1992)	1.19
"Prazosin treatment during normoxemia caused a fall in blood pressure and resulted in greater blood flows of left ventricular origin to the carcass, myocardium and lung."	( Effect of prazosin on hypoxemia-induced blood flow redistribution in the newborn piglet. Green, RS; Holzman, IR; Lasker, MR; McDonnell, FE, 1992)	1.41
"The prazosin pretreatment caused a fall in blood pressure associated with femoral vasodilatation, a small bradycardia and little change in cardiac, splanchnic or renal nerve activities."	( The mechanism of the sympathoinhibitory action of urapidil: role of 5-HT1A receptors. Ramage, AG, 1991)	0.76
"Prazosin treatment (0.2 mg/kg i.v.) attenuated the RBF responses."	( Effects of alpha adrenoceptor blockade on renal nerve stimulation-induced norepinephrine release and vasoconstriction in the dog kidney. Araki, S; Hayashi, Y; Hisa, H; Satoh, S; Tomura, Y, 1989)	1
"Prazosin-treated rabbits had significantly less luminal reduction at 1 week (0.75(1.8) versus 9.7(3.1) per cent, mean (s.d.), P less than 0.001) and at 4 weeks (14.7(4.4) versus 25.3(12.8) per cent, P less than 0.05) than control rabbits."	( Role for prazosin in reducing the development of rabbit intimal hyperplasia after endothelial denudation. McDermott, EW; Mehigan, D; O'Higgins, NJ; O'Malley, MK, 1989)	1.42
"Prazosin treatment did not result in a decrease in the effectiveness of estradiol in the induction of cytosol progestin receptors in the mediobasal hypothalamus, suggesting that the cells are regulated by the alpha 1-noradrenergic system may not be those cells in which progestin receptors are also induced."	( The alpha 1-noradrenergic antagonist prazosin decreases the concentration of estrogen receptors in female rat hypothalamus. Blaustein, JD, 1987)	1.27
"Prazosin pretreatment enhanced stereotyped gnawing and decreased sniffing and locomotion, whereas idazoxan increased locomotion and decreased amphetamine-induced mouth movements."	( Alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists differentially influence locomotor and stereotyped behaviour induced by d-amphetamine and apomorphine in the rat. Dickinson, SL; Gadie, B; Tulloch, IF, 1988)	1
"Prazosin treatment significantly decreased mean arterial pressure in normal and hypercholesterolemic monkeys."	( Effects of prazosin on hemodynamics, hemostasis, and serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in normal and hypercholesterolemic monkeys. Graham, RM; Karge, WH; Kowala, MC; Nicolosi, RJ; Weiner, EJ, 1989)	1.39
"Prazosin treatment prevented the deterioration of the left ventricular contractility and function and also prevented the increase in the sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase observed in failing heart.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)"	( Effect of prazosin treatment on the cardiac sarcolemmal ATPase in failing heart due to mitral insufficiency in dogs. Bharadwaj, B; O'Neil, CL; Prasad, K, 1985)	1.39
"Prazosin treatment also prevented the delayed conduction of paced ventricular complexes entering and exiting the ischemic zone."	( Electrophysiologic effects of prazosin during acute myocardial ischemia. Lucchesi, BR; Lynch, JJ; Wilber, DJ, 1986)	1.28
"Prazosin pretreatment did not affect basal or peak plasma ACTH, cortisol or GH during hypoglycaemic stress."	( Effects of alpha-1 adrenergic blockade on the hormonal response to hypoglycaemic stress in normal man. Cuneo, RC; Donald, RA; Espiner, EA; Livesey, JH; Nicholls, MG, 1987)	0.99
"Prazosin-treated rats had an increased percentage of their microvasculature perfused despite a similarly reduced CBF."	( Effect of prazosin on microvascular perfusion during middle cerebral artery ligation in the rat. Anwar, M; Buchweitz-Milton, E; Weiss, HR, 1988)	1.4
"Prazosin-treated patients whose initial fasting blood glucose was less than 110 mg/dl had 3.7 percent (one of 27) of subsequent measurements greater than or equal to 110 mg/dl."	( Initial antihypertensive therapy. Comparison of prazosin and hydrochlorothiazide. Alderman, MH; Carroll, L; Davis, TK, 1986)	1.25
"Prazosin treatment was associated with an increase in body weight even though the dose of furosemide was increased."	( Contribution of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to development of tolerance and fluid retention in chronic congestive heart failure during prazosin treatment. Haeske, W; Kochsiek, K; Kraus, C; Kromer, EP; Riegger, GA, 1987)	1.19
"3) prazosin pretreated (0.1 mg/kg, i.v.), 4) yohimbine pretreated (1 mg/kg, i.v.)."	( [Effects of clonidine on the levels of cyclic nucleotides in rat brain regions: the change in cyclic nucleotides after clonidine alone or in combination with alpha-antagonists]. Kondo, Y; Mizusawa, S; Murakami, M; Nakamichi, H; Ono, Y; Sasaki, H; Sudo, M; Takahashi, A; Watanabe, K, 1987)	0.79
"Prazosin treatment produced an improvement in the hemodynamics which was associated with a decreased in the extracellular space, and intracellular K+, and an increase in the intracellular Ca++."	( Effect of chronic prazosin treatment on the cardiac function and electrolytes in failing heart due to chronic mitral insufficiency. Bharadwaj, B; O'Neil, CL; Prasad, K, 1985)	1.32
"Prazosin pretreatment prior to a continuous digoxin infusion significantly increased the positive inotropic effect of digoxin compared to dogs receiving only digoxin."	( Prazosin alters free and total plasma digoxin levels in dogs. Gokhale, RD; Plunkett, LM; Tackett, RL; Vallner, JJ, 1985)	2.43
"Treatment with prazosin restored iron homeostasis in SHRs."	( Influence of prazosin on systemic iron levels and the associated iron metabolic alterations in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Chang, H; Chang, YZ; Ding, W; Xin, Z; Zhang, D; Zhang, P, 2022)	1.43
"Treatment with prazosin, an α1-adrenergic antagonist and vasodilator, increased tail temperature in control mice by up to 4.8 ± 0.8°C."	( The contribution of the mouse tail to thermoregulation is modest. Gavrilova, O; Guo, J; Liu, N; Reitman, ML; Škop, V, 2020)	0.9
"Pre-treatment with Prazosin (0.2 mg/kg/i.v) causedsignificant (p<0.05) increase in blood glucose level and significant reduction in blood lactate levels while pre-treatment withPropanolol (0.5mg/kg/i.v) abolished cortisol-induced hyperglycemia and caused increase in blood lactate levels comparedwith the untreated group."	( Effect of Cortisol on Plasma Lactate Levels following Cortisolinduced Hyperglycaemia in Common African Toad, Bufo regularis. Akpan, JE; Alada, ARA; Isehunwa, GO; Oladun, OT, 2017)	0.77
"Pretreatment with prazosin, a nonselective α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, completely abolished the above METH-induced responses."	( Alpha(1A)-adrenergic control of piloerection and palpebral fissure width in rats. Ishizaka, M; Kikuchi-Utsumi, K; Matsumura, N; Nakaki, T, 2013)	0.71
"Treatment with prazosin prevented the rise in blood pressure without affecting insulin levels, insulin sensitivity, uric acid, or Ang II levels, while normalizing plasma NE levels in FFR."	( Selective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor blockade prevents fructose-induced hypertension. MacLeod, KM; McNeill, JH; Tran, LT, 2014)	0.74
"Treatment with prazosin + propranolol, or a combination of other centrally active α1 - and β-adrenergic receptor antagonists, may assist in preventing alcohol relapse in some individuals."	( Combining the α1 -adrenergic receptor antagonist, prazosin, with the β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, propranolol, reduces alcohol drinking more effectively than either drug alone. Beckwith, LE; Froehlich, JC; Kincaid, CL; Rasmussen, DD, 2014)	1.01
"Treatment with prazosin (30 μM) altered the expression of several cell stress-related proteins: elevating phospho-p38α and reducing S6 kinase in both cell lines."	( Relative cytotoxic potencies and cell death mechanisms of α1 -adrenoceptor antagonists in prostate cancer cell lines. Anoopkumar-Dukie, S; Chess-Williams, R; Forbes, A; McDermott, C, 2016)	0.77
"treatment of prazosin, an alpha1-adrenpceptor antagonist, as well as in vitro membranes prepared from neurons and glia separated from normal rat brain."	( REM sleep deprivation-induced noradrenaline stimulates neuronal and inhibits glial Na-K ATPase in rat brain: in vivo and in vitro studies. Baskey, G; Mallick, BN; Sharma, R; Singh, A, 2009)	0.71
"Pretreatment with prazosin further enhanced the bilateral increase of fluorescence intensity at between 2 and 4 hours after moxonidine administration."	( Effect of moxonidine on the uveoscleral outflow: role of alpha2-adrenoceptors or i1 imidazoline receptors. Sun, N; Xiong, Q; Yang, J; Yang, R, 2009)	0.68
"Treatment with prazosin (1mg/kg, i.p.) did not alter the glucose or glycogen responses to MDMA but completely suppressed MDMA-induced hyperthermia."	( Role of serotonin and/or norepinephrine in the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis in the rat brain. Bhide, N; Gudelsky, GA; Pachmerhiwala, R; Straiko, M, 2010)	0.7
"Pretreatment with prazosin (300 μg/kg IV) allowed determination of α(1)-adrenergic receptor involvement (n=8)."	( Ranolazine injection into coronary or femoral arteries exerts marked, transient regional vasodilation without systemic hypotension in an intact porcine model. Belardinelli, L; Nieminen, T; Pegler, JR; Tavares, CA; Verrier, RL, 2011)	0.69
"Pretreatment with prazosin and tropisetron (5-HT(3) antagonist) blocked the increase in respiratory event regularity, but did not alter the decrease in bursts/respiratory event."	( Regulation of respiratory-related hypoglossal motor output by α₁ adrenergic and serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor activation in isolated adult turtle brainstems. Bartman, ME; Johnson, SM, 2012)	0.7
"Pretreatment with prazosin decreased the pilocarpine-induced response."	( Effects of alpha(1)-adrenoceptors and muscarinic cholinoceptors on water intake in rats. Eidi, A; Eidi, M; Kohanrooz, B; Oryan, S, 2003)	0.64
"LZR. Treatment with prazosin and phentolamine (and in cremasteric arterioles only, yohimbine) improved arteriolar reactivity to these stimuli in OZR, although responses remained impaired vs."	( Enhanced arteriolar alpha-adrenergic constriction impairs dilator responses and skeletal muscle perfusion in obese Zucker rats. Frisbee, JC, 2004)	0.64
"Pre-treatment with prazosin caused a significant attenuation of the venlafaxine induced 5-HT effect in the PFC, and a moderate increase in DA levels in the HIPP."	( The role of alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoreceptors on venlafaxine-induced elevation of extracellular serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Kehr, J; Scheel-Krüger, J; Weikop, P, 2004)	0.64
"Pretreatment with prazosin (5 mg/kg) effectively suppressed the Fos expression induced by LPS (5 microg/kg), whereas L-NAME (30 mg/kg) did not influence the Fos expression in the AVP neurons induced by LPS (0.25, 0.5, 1, 5 microg/kg)."	( The role of norepinephrine and nitric oxide in activities of rat arginine vasopressin neurons in response to immune challenge. Guo, S; Hisamitsu, T; Jiang, X; Umezawa, T; Xu, S, 2005)	0.65
"Pre-treatment with prazosin reversed the HS-induced pressor response to a hypotensive response (from 121 +/- 3 to 68 +/- 2 mmHg), indicating significant activation of the sympathetic nervous system."	( A spinal vasopressinergic mechanism mediates hyperosmolality-induced sympathoexcitation. Antunes, VR; Murphy, D; Paton, JF; Pickering, AE; Yao, ST, 2006)	0.65
"Pre-treatment with prazosin but not haloperidol, significantly antagonized the WS (100 mg/kg, i.p.) induced decrease in MIT."	( Effect of Withania somnifera on forced swimming test induced immobility in mice and its interaction with various drugs. Bhatt, JD; Hemavathi, KG; Shah, PC; Trivedi, NA, )	0.45
"Pretreatment with prazosin (an adrenoreceptor antagonist) or sulpiride (a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist) reduced the effect of SCCS on the immobility time."	( Antidepressant-like effect of Cordyceps sinensis in the mouse tail suspension test. Aiso, S; Ito, M; Katada, M; Kawasaki, A; Matsuoka, M; Nishizawa, K; Terashita, K; Torii, K, 2007)	0.66
"Treatment with prazosin, an alpha 1-noradrenergic receptor antagonist, reduced Na+-K+-ATPase in either control or cafeteria diet-fed rats but did not alter the effect of cafeteria diet feeding."	( Caloric intake and Na+-K+-ATPase: differential regulation by alpha 1- and beta-noradrenergic receptors. Swann, AC, 1984)	0.61
"Pretreatment with prazosin did not block significantly the effect of NE on blood pressure, heart rate, and ADH release."	( The role of central alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the regulation of vasopressin release and the cardiovascular system. Iitake, K; Kimura, T; Matsui, K; Ota, K; Shoji, M; Yoshinaga, K, 1984)	0.59
"Pretreatment with prazosin (10 micrograms/kg) via the vertebral artery markedly reduced the shift in the baroreflex curve induced by the highest dose of ANG II (64 +/- 2 to 70 +/- 2 mmHg)."	( Angiotensin II modulates arterial baroreflex function via a central alpha 1-adrenoceptor mechanism in rabbits. Bishop, VS; Nishida, Y; Ryan, KL, 1995)	0.61
"Pretreatment with prazosin (100 micrograms/kg s.c.) antagonized the '5-HT syndrome' and the increase in respiratory rate."	( Are the cardiovascular effects and '5-HT syndrome' induced by MDL 73,975 and flesinoxan in the dog mediated by 5-HT1A receptors? Di Francesco, GF, 1994)	0.61
"Treatment with prazosin, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, also increased the LDL receptor mRNA level, but this restorative effect was much weaker than that of monatepil, suggesting that mechanisms additional to its alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking activity are involved in the hypolipidemic effect of monatepil."	( Up-regulation of hepatic LDL receptor gene expression by monatepil, a novel calcium antagonist, in high cholesterol diet-fed Japanese monkeys. Hosoki, K; Kondo, Y; Miyazaki, M; Nakano, K; Nomura, H; Notake, M, 1994)	0.63
"Pretreatment with prazosin (40 nmol) abolished the antidipsogenic action of an 80-nmol dose of phenylephrine (11.3 +/- 1.1 ml/h) and reduced the effect of a 20-nmol dose of clonidine (7.4 +/- 1.4 ml/h)."	( Clonidine and phenylephrine injected into the lateral preoptic area reduce water intake in dehydrated rats. Callera, JC; Camargo, LA; De Luca Júnior, LA; Menani, JV; Renzi, A; Saad, WA, 1993)	0.61
"Pretreatment with prazosin did not abolish the decrease in coronary blood flow."	( Cardiogenic shock induced by cocaine in swine with normal coronary arteries. Baim, DS; Carrozza, JP; Gladstone, S; Gordon, PC; Kuntz, RE; Miao, L; Morgan, JP; Núñez, BD; Ross, JN, 1994)	0.61
"Pretreatment with prazosin which lowered the blood pressure near the level in normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, significantly shortened the thrombogenesis time, but it was still longer than that in WKY rats."	( Hemodynamic effects on thrombogenesis and platelet aggregation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nakashima, M; Takiguchi, Y; Wada, K, 1993)	0.61
"pretreatment with prazosin or yohimbine with ID50 of 0.9 and 29 nmol, respectively."	( Central alpha 1-adrenoceptors mediate the pressor response to intracerebroventricular injection of noradrenaline in unanesthetized rats. Corrêa, FM; Peres-Polon, VL, 1995)	0.61
"Pretreatment with prazosin (100 micrograms/kg), an alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist, inhibited the neuropeptide FF-evoked blood pressure effect."	( Cardiovascular effects induced by the stimulation of neuropeptide FF receptors in the dorsal vagal complex: an autoradiographic and pharmacological study in the rat. Allard, M; Laguzzi, R; Mazarguil, H; Nosjean, A, 1996)	0.62
"Pretreatment with prazosin abolished NE-induced cardioprotection while propranolol pretreatment had no effect."	( Norepinephrine induces cardiac heat shock protein 70 and delayed cardioprotection in the rat through alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Ao, L; Banerjee, A; Brown, JM; Harken, AH; Meng, X, 1996)	0.62
"Pretreatment with prazosin produced a dual action: i.c.v."	( alpha-Adrenoceptor and opioid receptor modulation of clonidine-induced antinociception. Miranda, HF; Naquira, D; Pinardi, G; Sierralta, F, 1996)	0.62
"Pretreatment with prazosin, an alpha 1-antagonist, significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the stimulatory effect when infused into the lateral ventricle (30 micrograms.kg-1.h-1), but not when administered intravenously (1,000 micrograms.kg-1.h-1)."	( Intracerebral adrenoceptor agonists influence rat duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion. Flemström, G; Jedstedt, G; Larson, GM; Nylander, O, 1996)	0.62
"Pretreatment with prazosin (1 microgram/side) significantly diminished the anticonvulsant effectiveness of methoxamine and nisoxetine while prazosin, by itself, had no effects on the seizure intensity."	( Anticonvulsant effect of enhancement of noradrenergic transmission in the superior colliculus in genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs): a microinjection study. Dailey, JW; Jobe, PC; Steenbergen, JL; Yan, QS, 1998)	0.62
"pretreatment with prazosin strengthened the suppressive effect of LC stimulation on PF neurons; (4) i.c.v."	( Locus coeruleus modulates thalamic nociceptive responses via adrenoceptors. Dafny, N; Guo, YQ; Qiao, JT; Zhang, C, 1998)	0.62
"Pretreatment with prazosin (0.5 mg/kg; i.v.) attenuated the pressor effect without changing the bradycardia."	( Cardiovascular effects of centrally injected tetrahydroaminoacridine in conscious normotensive rats. Cavun, S; Gürün, MS; Savci, V; Ulus, IH, 1998)	0.62
"Pretreatment with prazosin inhibited (S)-8-OH-DPAT-induced monosynaptic reflex enhancement in intact rats, as did noradrenaline and 5-HT depletion."	( Differential effects of (R)- and (S)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin on the monosynaptic spinal reflex in rats. Honda, M; Ono, H, 1999)	0.63
"Treatment with prazosin caused a significant decrease in 24-h BP (136.3 +/- 4.0/82.8 +/- 2.5 v 131.6 +/- 3.2/80.0 +/- 2.3 mm Hg)."	( Interaction of alcohol and an alpha1-blocker on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Abe, H; Kawano, Y; Kojima, S; Omae, T; Takishita, S, 2000)	0.65
"Treatment with prazosin or propranolol significantly reduced the effect of NE on MAPK phosphorylation, suggesting the involvement of both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors."	( Adrenergic regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in rat pinealocytes: opposing effects of protein kinase A and protein kinase G. Chik, CL; Ho, AK, 2000)	0.65
"Treatment with prazosin GITS did not produce any statistically or clinically significant change in the metabolic parameters at the end of 24 weeks, while with nifedipine SR there was a significant increase in the serum LDL values at 24 weeks (p = 0.009)."	( Prazosin GITS vs sustained release nifedipine in patients with hypertension and abnormal lipid profile: a randomized, controlled, multicenter study. Madras Hypertension Study Group. Joglekar, SJ; Misra, KP; Mukherjee, S; Nanivadekar, AS, 1998)	2.08
"Treatment with prazosin GITS resulted in a favourable effect on the serum lipid profile at the end of 24 weeks (p = 0.02 for total cholesterol, p = 0.015 for the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol, p = 0.04 for LDL cholesterol)."	( Prazosin GITS vs atenolol in patients with hypertension and normal lipid profile: a randomized, controlled multicenter study. Hyderabad Hypertension Study Group. Jaguste, V; Joglekar, SJ; Nanivadekar, AS, 1998)	2.08
"Treatment with prazosin GITS resulted in a favourable effect on serum triglycerides at the end of 8 weeks (p = 0.017) and 16 weeks (p = 0.011), and no detrimental effect or a marginal beneficial effect on total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol."	( A randomized, controlled, multicenter study to compare prazosin GITS with enalapril in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus. Bombay Hypertension Study Group. Joglekar, SJ; Nanivadekar, AS, 1998)	0.89
"Treatment with prazosin and yohimbine prevented the pheromonal restoration of cyclic activity, the drop of LHRH and the rise of plasma concentration of the studied hormones induced by male urine, while saline or propranolol did not."	( Effect of adrenergic blockade on the pheromonal restoration of cyclic activity in young oestrogen-primed persistent oestrous female rats. Mora, A; Sánchez-Criado, JE, 2002)	0.65
"Treatment with prazosin (1--2 mg t.i.d.) produced normotension in 4/52 patients only, yet supine diastolic blood pressure and standing blood pressure were significantly lowered within 9 weeks."	( Antihypertensive drug combinations: prazosin, hydrochlorothiazide and clonidine. Kontro, J; Kyöstilä, S; Mattila, MJ; Pitkäjärvi, T, 1977)	0.87
"Pretreatment with prazosin (0.1 mg/kg i.v.) abolished the hypertension but not the sympatho-excitatory effects of quipazine."	( Quipazine-induced hypertension in anaesthetized cats is mediated by central and peripheral 5-HT2 receptors: role of the ventrolateral pressor area. Bouysset, F; Laubie, M; Schmitt, H; Vayssettes-Courchay, C; Verbeuren, TJ, 1991)	0.6
"Pretreatment with prazosin resulted in an additive hypotensive effect at rest."	( Cardiovascular and side effects of flesinoxan in conscious hypertensive dogs. Modulation by prazosin. Grohs, JG; Huber, S; Raberger, G, 1991)	0.82
"Pretreatment with prazosin (10(-7)-10(-6) M) but not with yohimbine (10(-7) M), inhibited the noradrenaline-induced inositol phosphate formation indicating an alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated response."	( Differences in inositol phosphate production in blood vessels of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Macrae, IM; Reid, JL; Vila, E, 1991)	0.6
"Pretreatment with prazosin (4 micrograms/kg/min i.c.) further deteriorated contractile dysfunction compared with the untreated condition (12.7 +/- 0.6% versus 6.9 +/- 0.4% with prazosin treatment, p less than 0.001)."	( Beneficial effects of alpha 1-adrenoceptor activity on myocardial stunning in dogs. Gotoh, K; Hori, M; Inoue, M; Iwakura, K; Kamada, T; Kitabatake, A; Kitakaze, M; Sato, H, 1991)	0.6
"Pretreatment with prazosin (10(-7) M) inhibited effects produced by delta-aminolaevulinic acid (3 mM) and protoporphyrin IX (1.1 mM) but not those of haemin (3 mM)."	( Pharmacological activities of delta-aminolaevulinic acid, protoporphyrin IX and haemin in isolated preparations of rabbit gastric fundus and jejunum. Cutler, MG; Mair, J; Moore, MR, 1990)	0.6
"pretreatment with prazosin (PRA) (alpha 1-antagonist), and similar effect of i.c.v."	( Effects of systemic and intracerebroventricular phenylephrine and clonidine on corticosterone secretion in rats. Bugajski, J; Gadek-Michalska, A; Połczyńska-Konior, G; Turoń, M, 1990)	0.6
"Treatment with prazosin (0.1 mg/kg i.v.) antagonized methoxamine induced cutaneous vasoconstriction but not the decreased blood flow caused by B-HT 933."	( Characterization of adrenoceptor subtypes in cat cutaneous vasculature. Koss, MC, 1990)	0.62
"Pretreatment with prazosin did not block the effect of morphine on the CV system, but abolished the morphine-induced increment in plasma corticosterone concentration."	( Role of alpha-adrenergic mechanism in effects of morphine on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical and cardiovascular systems in the rat. Cascio, CS; Dallman, MF; Darlington, DN; Shinsako, J; Suemaru, S, 1989)	0.6
"Pretreatment with prazosin, a selective alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist, reduced the antagonistic action of UI on norepinephrine responses in both vascular beds in vivo and in the rat mesenteric artery in vitro."	( Differential antagonism of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstrictor responses by a vasodilator peptide, urotensin I: comparison with nifedipine. Bolt, GR; Itoh, H; Lederis, K; MacCannell, KL, 1989)	0.6
"(3) Treatment with prazosin (n = 9) or propranolol (n = 9) in hydro-saline depletion, was efficacious in partly restoring the typical vasodilator and natriuretic effects of DA."	( Effects of extracellular fluid volume changes on renal response to low-dose dopamine infusion in normal women. Agnoli, GC; Cacciari, M; Garutti, C; Ikonomu, E; Lenzi, P; Marchetti, G, 1987)	0.59
"Pretreatment with prazosin (1 mg/kg) markedly reduced these responses."	( Alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists differentially influence locomotor and stereotyped behaviour induced by d-amphetamine and apomorphine in the rat. Dickinson, SL; Gadie, B; Tulloch, IF, 1988)	0.6
"Treatment with prazosin and propranolol lowered sitting blood pressure to 127/89 mm Hg and 129/91 mm Hg, respectively (not significant), and did not alter the pressor response to smoking."	( Assessment of the effects of alpha- and beta-blockade in hypertensive patients who smoke cigarettes. Alderman, MH; Laragh, JH; Mann, SJ; Pickering, TG, 1989)	0.62
"Treatment with prazosin was also able to suppress clinical and histological signs of EAE in animals sensitized by adoptive transfer with activated spleen or lymph node cells."	( Prazosin, an alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the Lewis rat. Bloom, BR; Brosnan, CF; Cammer, W; Factor, SM; Goldmuntz, EA; Norton, WT, 1985)	2.05
"Treatment with prazosin for one month also reduced systemic vascular resistance by 8%, renal vascular resistance increased by 20%, and renal blood flow and the percentage of the cardiac output going to the kidney fell by 14% and 26%."	( The renal response to neuroendocrine inhibition in chronic heart failure: double-blind comparison of captopril and prazosin. Bayliss, J; Canepa-Anson, R; Norell, M; Poole-Wilson, P; Sutton, G, 1986)	0.82
"Pretreatment with prazosin (1 mg/kg i.v.) also blocked the ability of ketanserin to inhibit sympathetic activity."	( Characterization of the central sympathoinhibitory action of ketanserin. Harris, LT; McCall, RB, 1987)	0.6

Toxicity

Prazosin did not affect threat conditioning but augmented stimulus discrimination during extinction and reextinction, via lower responding to the safe stimulus. Prazos in prevented hepatotoxicity when administered 1 h before a toxic paracetamol insult and importantly, when administered up to 1 h post par acetamol injection. The most common adverse experiences reported were headache, dizziness and fatigue.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" during a 1-month period provided adverse reactions and orthostatic hypotension were not observed."	( The safety, efficacy and compliance of terazosin therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Knapp-Maloney, G; Lepor, H; Meretyk, S, 1992)	0.28
"Selected adverse events were evaluated from the combined randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials (once-a-day or twice-a-day; monotherapy or combination therapy) of terazosin in hypertensive patients."	( Effect of age and dose on the incidence of adverse events in the treatment of hypertension in patients receiving terazosin. Hosmane, BS; Jordan, DC; Laddu, A; Maurath, CJ, 1992)	0.28
" Once daily administration of terazosin proved to be safe and effective in reducing the blood pressure of patients with mild-moderate essential hypertension and favourably reduced the total plasma cholesterol level."	( A multicentre, hospital study of the efficacy and safety of terazosin and its effects on the plasma cholesterol levels of patients with untreated essential hypertension. Coles, S; Lytle, T; Waite, MA, 1991)	0.28
" In this article the pharmacokinetics of terazosin are reviewed, and the incidence of adverse events in a dose-response study and a meta-analysis of 20 placebo-controlled trials involving a total of 1814 patients is presented."	( Terazosin: pharmacokinetics and the effect of age and dose on the incidence of adverse events. Achari, R; Laddu, AR; Somberg, JC, 1991)	0.28
" Most adverse events were mild or moderate in severity."	( Long-term efficacy and safety of terazosin alone and in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Cohen, JD, 1991)	0.28
" Once daily administration of terazosin, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, proved to be safe and effective in reducing the blood pressure of patients with uncontrolled mild-moderate essential hypertension and favourably reduced the total plasma cholesterol level."	( A multicentre, hospital study of the efficacy and safety of terazosin and its effects on the plasma cholesterol levels of patients with essential hypertension. Coles, SJ; Lytle, TB; Waite, MA, 1991)	0.28
" 27 patients suffered adverse effects, which obliged 8 of them to abandon the treatment."	( [Therapeutic effectiveness and safety of prazosin in the symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy]. Jiménez Cruz, JF; Rioja Sanz, C; Salinas Casado, J; Server Pastor, G; Vela Navarrete, R; Virseda Chamorro, M, )	0.4
" The present review of terazosin in males with symptomatic BPH supports the following conclusions: (1) the dose of terazosin can be safely titrated to 10 mg in normotensive and hypertensive patients with symptomatic BPH; (2) the adverse events associated with doses of terazosin up to 10 mg are relatively mild and reversible; and (3) the improvements in the outcome parameters (symptom scores and urinary flow rates) are clinically and statistically significant."	( The efficacy and safety of terazosin for the treatment of symptomatic BPH. Henry, D; Laddu, AR; Lepor, H, 1991)	0.28
" The dose of terazosin was titrated to 5 mg/day over a one-month interval, provided significant adverse drug reactions were not observed."	( The safety and efficacy of terazosin for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Knapp-Maloney, G; Lepor, H; Wozniak-Petrofsky, J, 1989)	0.28
" Prazosin GITS was well tolerated; the most common adverse experiences reported were headache, dizziness, and fatigue."	( Efficacy and safety of Minipress XL, a new once-a-day formulation of prazosin. Bottiglieri, DF; Dix, RK; Levenstein, M; Moisey, D; Monsen, L; Silver, L; Singleton, W, 1989)	1.42
" Similar numbers of patients in all three groups reported adverse experiences of a subjective nature."	( Comparison of the safety and efficacy of once-daily terazosin versus twice-daily prazosin for the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. Deger, G, 1986)	0.5
" Dizziness, headache, and asthenia were the most commonly reported adverse experiences among all terazosin-treated patients, although the incidence of headache in placebo-controlled trials was not significantly different between the terazosin and placebo groups."	( Overall safety of terazosin as an antihypertensive agent. Glassman, HN; Jordan, DC; Luther, RR; Sperzel, WD, 1986)	0.27
" Adverse effects were mild."	( Efficacy and safety of intravenous terazosin in hypertensive patients. A preliminary report. Cohen, A, 1986)	0.27
" The elderly are probably more sensitive than younger patients to the adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs, for various reasons, among which are age- and disease-related changes that can lead to altered pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics."	( Potential adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs in the elderly. Lamy, PP, 1988)	0.27
" In the higher dosage ranges, spontaneous mentioned side effects were noticed most often, which was in accordance with the results of a checklist analysis on adverse effects."	( Dose-response study of prazosin in Raynaud's phenomenon: clinical effectiveness versus side effects. Thien, T; Wollersheim, H, 1988)	0.59
"We compared antihypertensive effects of monotherapy with pinacidil (N = 197) or prazosin (N = 204) in a randomized, parallel, double-blind dose-titration study in which hydrochlorothiazide or propranolol could be added for adverse events or lack of efficacy."	( Vasodilator monotherapy in the treatment of hypertension: comparative efficacy and safety of pinacidil, a potassium channel opener, and prazosin. Goldberg, MR; Rockhold, FW; Sushak, CS; Thompson, WL, 1988)	0.7
" Acute LD50 values of imidazoline derivatives in mice (i."	( Pharmacological studies of imidazoline derivatives. III. Actions on cardiovascular system and acute toxicity. Akatsuka, K; Kasuya, Y; Takeuchi, K, 1986)	0.27
" The LD50 value for adrenaline in control animals was 11."	( Adrenaline toxicity in mice: sensitization of alpha 1 adrenoreceptors by nitroglycerin. Axelsson, KL; Rydell, EL, 1984)	0.27
"), a selective alpha-2 agonist, enhanced the toxic effects of digoxin by decreasing both the arrhythmogenic and lethal dose of digoxin."	( Central alpha receptors and their role in digoxin cardiotoxicity. Plunkett, LM; Tackett, RL, 1983)	0.27
" Under these conditions the LD50 was 277 mg/kg for males and 293 mg/kg for females."	( Terazosin: intravenous safety evaluation in rats. Cusick, PK; Fort, FL; Heyman, IA; Kesterson, JW; Majors, K; Tekeli, S, 1984)	0.27
" The most common adverse events resulting in premature termination from the study were dizziness (6."	( Long-term efficacy and safety of terazosin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Terazosin Research Group. Lepor, H, 1995)	0.29
" Parameters evaluated included Boyarsky symptom score (Sx), peak uroflow (Qmax), blood pressure and occurrence of adverse events."	( Terazosin and doxazosin in normotensive men with symptomatic prostatism: a pilot study to determine the effect of dosing regimen on efficacy and safety. Kaplan, SA; Olsson, CA; Soldo, KA, 1995)	0.29
" Only 11 patients withdrew because of an adverse event, 7 in the terazosin and 4 in the placebo group."	( A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Barkin, J; Beland, G; Boake, RC; Casey, RW; Elhilali, MM; Fradet, Y; Klotz, LH; Orovan, WL; Ramsey, EW; Schick, E; Trachtenberg, J, 1996)	0.29
"Overall, this study showed terazosin to be safe and effective in relieving the signs and symptoms of BPH and should be considered as a treatment alternative."	( A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Barkin, J; Beland, G; Boake, RC; Casey, RW; Elhilali, MM; Fradet, Y; Klotz, LH; Orovan, WL; Ramsey, EW; Schick, E; Trachtenberg, J, 1996)	0.29
" The most common adverse event resulting in premature termination from the study was dizziness."	( The international terazosin trial: a multicentre study of the long-term efficacy and safety of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The ITT Group. Debruyne, FM; Fitzpatrick, J; Kirby, R; Kirk, D; Prezioso, D; Witjes, WP, 1996)	0.29
"Concern based on the reported short-term adverse effects of antihypertensive agents on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles (PLPPs) has complicated the therapy for hypertension."	( Diuretics and beta-blockers do not have adverse effects at 1 year on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in men with hypertension. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Cushman, WC; Freis, ED; Lakshman, MR; Materson, BJ; Reda, DJ, 1999)	0.3
" Patients achieving positive DBP control using hydrochlorothiazide (responders) showed no adverse changes in PLPPs, whereas nonresponders exhibited increases in triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels."	( Diuretics and beta-blockers do not have adverse effects at 1 year on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in men with hypertension. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Cushman, WC; Freis, ED; Lakshman, MR; Materson, BJ; Reda, DJ, 1999)	0.3
"None of these 6 antihypertensive drugs has any long-term adverse effects on PLPPs and, therefore, may be safely prescribed."	( Diuretics and beta-blockers do not have adverse effects at 1 year on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in men with hypertension. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Cushman, WC; Freis, ED; Lakshman, MR; Materson, BJ; Reda, DJ, 1999)	0.3
"We determined the mechanism of adverse events associated with alpha1-blockers for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)."	( The mechanism of adverse events associated with terazosin: an analysis of the Veterans Affairs cooperative study. Jones, K; Lepor, H; Williford, W, 2000)	0.31
" Adverse events were captured at all study visits during our 1-year study."	( The mechanism of adverse events associated with terazosin: an analysis of the Veterans Affairs cooperative study. Jones, K; Lepor, H; Williford, W, 2000)	0.31
" Of these adverse events only postural hypotension was associated with orthostatic blood pressure changes."	( The mechanism of adverse events associated with terazosin: an analysis of the Veterans Affairs cooperative study. Jones, K; Lepor, H; Williford, W, 2000)	0.31
"Dizziness and asthenia are not associated with changes in blood pressure, suggesting that these treatment related adverse events associated with alpha1-blockers are not related to vascular events."	( The mechanism of adverse events associated with terazosin: an analysis of the Veterans Affairs cooperative study. Jones, K; Lepor, H; Williford, W, 2000)	0.31
" No unknown adverse reactions were observed in either groups, and the drugs were shown to be highly safe."	( [The efficacy and safety of terazosin and tamsulosin in patients with urinary disturbance accompanying prostatic hypertrophy]. Fujioka, T; Goto, Y; Isurugi, K; Katoh, T; Numasato, S; Obara, W; Omori, S; Suzuki, Y, 2001)	0.31
"Using claims data from a large Medigap plan, we examined the effect of initiating nonselective alpha1-antagonist therapy on the incidence of hypotension-related adverse events likely to be associated with vascular alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonism in patients with BPH."	( Initiation of nonselective alpha1-antagonist therapy and occurrence of hypotension-related adverse events among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study. Chao, J; Chrischilles, E; Gilden, D; Kreder, KJ; Rubenstein, L; Shah, H, 2001)	0.31
" We examined the rate of possible hypotension-related adverse events (diagnosis codes for hypotension, syncope, dizziness, fractures, and other injuries) per 10,000 person-days for men who began therapy with alpha1 antagonists and for a random sample of nonusers, stratified by prior use of other antihypertensive agents."	( Initiation of nonselective alpha1-antagonist therapy and occurrence of hypotension-related adverse events among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study. Chao, J; Chrischilles, E; Gilden, D; Kreder, KJ; Rubenstein, L; Shah, H, 2001)	0.31
"The psychostimulant methamphetamine (MA) is toxic to nigro-striatal dopaminergic terminals in both experimental animals and humans."	( Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor knockout mice are protected against methamphetamine toxicity. Battaglia, G; Busceti, CL; De Blasi, A; Fornai, F; Lembo, G; Nicoletti, F, 2003)	0.32
" Thus, terazosine (setegis) is effective and safe in BPH patients with cardiovascular disease."	( [Clinical efficacy and safety of terazosine (setegis) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia with concomitant cardiovascular diseases]. Bychkova, NV; Gurevich, MA; Pozdniakov, KV; Tazina, SIa; Trapeznikova, MF, )	0.13
"5 million adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for 8620 drugs/biologics that are listed for 1191 Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction (COSTAR) terms of adverse effects."	( Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling. Benz, RD; Contrera, JF; Kruhlak, NL; Matthews, EJ; Weaver, JL, 2004)	0.32
"The primary objectives of the treatment for the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are to produce rapid, sustained, and safe improvements in the symptoms that affect the quality of life in the majority of men over 50."	( Efficacy and safety of combined therapy with terazosin and tolteradine for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective study. Li, HZ; Wang, W; Xiao, H; Yang, Y; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, XF, 2007)	0.34
" The incidence of adverse effects in the combination group was higher than that in the terazosin group."	( Efficacy and safety of combined therapy with terazosin and tolteradine for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective study. Li, HZ; Wang, W; Xiao, H; Yang, Y; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, XF, 2007)	0.34
" This study, although short term and limited numbers of patients, provides evidence that the combined therapy with terazosin plus tolterodine is a good approach for meeting the objectives of rapid, sustained, and safe improvements in the LUTS associated with BPH."	( Efficacy and safety of combined therapy with terazosin and tolteradine for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective study. Li, HZ; Wang, W; Xiao, H; Yang, Y; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, XF, 2007)	0.34
" Prazosin prevented hepatotoxicity when administered 1 h before a toxic paracetamol insult and importantly, when administered up to 1 h post paracetamol injection."	( alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor antagonists prevent paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Kitteringham, NR; Macdonald, I; Park, BK; Randle, LE; Sathish, JG; Williams, DP, 2008)	1.26
" Safety was assessed by comparing incidence of adverse drug effects causing discontinuation of either study drug."	( Prazosin versus quetiapine for nighttime posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in veterans: an assessment of long-term comparative effectiveness and safety. Allison, KM; Byers, MG; Lee, JK; Wendel, CS, 2010)	1.8
" Secondary end points were time required for complete resolution of clinical syndrome, prevention of deterioration to higher grade, doses of prazosin required overall and within 10 hours, and adverse events."	( Efficacy and safety of scorpion antivenom plus prazosin compared with prazosin alone for venomous scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) sting: randomised open label clinical trial. Bawaskar, HS; Bawaskar, PH, 2011)	0.83
" Prazosin did not affect threat conditioning but augmented stimulus discrimination during extinction and reextinction, via lower responding to the safe stimulus."	( Prazosin during threat discrimination boosts memory of the safe stimulus. Bach, DR; Clem, RL; Homan, P; Lin, Q; Murrough, JW; Schiller, D; Soleimani, L, 2017)	2.81
" First and second groups served as normal and toxic control were given distilled water 6 ml/ kg while third, fourth and fifth experimental groups were given N-acetylcysteine (300 mg/ kg), prazosin (0."	( Hepatoprotective Effect Of Prazosin Is Comparable To N-Acetylcysteine In Acetaminophen Induced Hepatotoxicity In Mice. Chiragh, S; Hussain, M; Shad, MN; Sulaiman, S, )	0.62
"To describe the otorhinolaryngological adverse effects of the main drugs used in urological practice."	( Otorhinolaryngological adverse effects of urological drugs. Ganança, FF; Lopes, KC; Maia, NPD, )	0.13
"A review of the scientific literature was performed using a combination of specific descriptors (side effect, adverse effect, scopolamine, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, oxybutynin, tolterodine, spironolactone, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, doxazosin, alfuzosin, terazosin, prazosin, tamsulosin, desmopressin) contained in publications until April 2020."	( Otorhinolaryngological adverse effects of urological drugs. Ganança, FF; Lopes, KC; Maia, NPD, )	0.31
"The main drugs used in Urology may cause several otorhinolaryngological adverse effects."	( Otorhinolaryngological adverse effects of urological drugs. Ganança, FF; Lopes, KC; Maia, NPD, )	0.13
"Most of the drugs used in urological practice have otorhinolaryngological adverse effects."	( Otorhinolaryngological adverse effects of urological drugs. Ganança, FF; Lopes, KC; Maia, NPD, )	0.13
"Patients on alpha-blockers (ABs) treatment may have an increased risk of adverse events (AEs)."	( Adverse events related to alpha-blockers: analysis of real-life data from Eudra-Vigilance. Baldassarri, V; Cicione, A; D'Annunzio, S; DE Nunzio, C; Franco, A; Guarnotta, G; Lombardo, R; Mancini, E; Nacchia, A; Rovesti, LM; Tema, G; Tubaro, A; Voglino, OA, 2023)	0.91
"Eudra-Vigilance (EV) database is the system for managing and analyzing information on suspected adverse reactions to medicines which have been authorized or being studied in clinical trials in the European Economic Area (EEA)."	( Adverse events related to alpha-blockers: analysis of real-life data from Eudra-Vigilance. Baldassarri, V; Cicione, A; D'Annunzio, S; DE Nunzio, C; Franco, A; Guarnotta, G; Lombardo, R; Mancini, E; Nacchia, A; Rovesti, LM; Tema, G; Tubaro, A; Voglino, OA, 2023)	0.91

Pharmacokinetics

No significant differences between the two phenotypes were observed in either the area under the plasma prazosin concentration-time curve, the terminal half-life or the first-dose effect. Doxazosin has a longer terminal elimination half- life than prazo.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Pharmacokinetic variables have been determined that allow: (1) derivation of the loading dose necessary to achieve rapid control of blood pressure with propranolol hydrochloride, guanethidine, minoxidil and clonidine hydrochloride; (2) reduced frequency of dosing with methyldopa, hydralazine hydrochloride, prazosin hydrochloride, propranolol and clonidine; and (3) alteration of propranolol and hydralazine dosage based on physiologic factors (e."	( Using pharmacokinetics in drug therapy. V: Contributions to developing dosage regimens for antihypertensive drugs. Schumacher, GE, 1979)	0.43
"In order to determine and compare the pharmacodynamic responses to single and multiple dose prazosin therapy in cardiac failure, 14 patients with severe low-output heart failure underwent central and regional hemodynamic measurements after random placement in one of two prazosin dosing schedules."	( Development of pharmacodynamic tolerance to prozosin in congestive heart failure. Blanford, MF; Desch, CE; Leier, CV; Magorien, RD; Triffon, DW; Unverferth, DV, 1979)	0.48
" The relatively long half-life of terazosin (12 hours) enables it to be administered in a once-a-day regimen."	( Terazosin: pharmacokinetics and the effect of age and dose on the incidence of adverse events. Achari, R; Laddu, AR; Somberg, JC, 1991)	0.28
" There was no significant relationship between plasma elimination half-life or the AUC for doxazosin and the degree of renal impairment."	( The pharmacokinetics of doxazosin in patients with hypertension and renal impairment. Dewhurst, AG; Honeywell, R; Oliver, RM; Renwick, AG; Upward, JW; Waller, DG, 1990)	0.28
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of doxazosin in both single- and consecutive-dose study were 18."	( Antihypertensive effects and pharmacokinetics of single and consecutive administration of doxazosin in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Kaneko, Y; Miyajima, E; Miyakawa, T; Shionoiri, H; Takagi, N; Umemura, S; Yasuda, G; Yoshimura, H, 1987)	0.27
"Prazosin and terazosin are two alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking agents, their principal difference being the longer half-life of terazosin."	( Effect of age on pharmacokinetics of and blood pressure responses to prazosin and terazosin. Conway, EL; Drummer, OH; Louis, WJ; McNeil, JJ; Workman, BS, 1987)	1.95
" However, recent studies have shown that it has substantial antihypertensive efficacy with minimal side effects at low doses, and that half-life is long enough to allow twice daily administration."	( Comparison of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists as antihypertensive agents. Anavekar, SN; Conway, EL; Drummer, OH; Howes, LG; Jarrott, B; Louis, WJ; McNeil, JJ; Workman, B, 1987)	0.27
" The elimination half-life in plasma was 10."	( Single-dose and steady-state pharmacokinetics of doxazosin given in combination with chlorothiazide to hypertensive subjects. Conway, EL; Drummer, OH; Howes, LG; Louis, WJ; McNeil, JJ; Meng, L; Raymond, K, 1989)	0.28
" After 1 and 5 mg, tmax ranged from 1-2 h; Cmax (4."	( Haemodynamic and pharmacokinetic evaluation of alfuzosin in man. A dose ranging study and comparison with prazosin. Deering, AH; Harron, DW; McMahon, MT; Scott, MG; Shanks, RG, 1989)	0.49
" The increase of the half-life of the drug (6."	( [The pharmacokinetics and the concentration-and-effect relationship of prazosin in patients at the beginning of the subacute period of myocardial infarct complicated by the development of heart failure]. Gofman, AM; Ol'binskaia, LI; Petrosian, IuR, )	0.36
"Influences that determine a drug's effects include pharmacokinetic factors (the serum concentrations of drug as determined by the drug dose, absorption, distribution, and excretion) and pharmacodynamic factors (the intensity of drug effect)."	( Controlling drug effects through improved oral formulations. The pharmacokinetics of the prazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system. DiPiro, JT, 1989)	0.5
" Doxazosin has a longer terminal elimination half-life than prazosin."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with two alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists, doxazosin and prazosin in the rabbit. Hamilton, CA; Reid, JL; Vincent, J, 1985)	0.73
" The mean beta-phase half-life is approximately 12 hours."	( Pharmacokinetics of terazosin. Sonders, RC, 1986)	0.27
" The plasma half-life of terazosin in patients with normal renal function was 10."	( Influence of renal insufficiency on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terazosin. Chauveau, P; Ganeval, D; Jungers, P; Pertuiset, N, 1986)	0.27
" For single doses, oral bioavailability has been calculated to be about 65%; terminal elimination half-life is approximately 10 to 12 hours."	( Pharmacokinetic overview of doxazosin. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL, 1987)	0.27
"Terazosin is a post-synaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist with a similar pharmacodynamic profile to prazosin."	( Terazosin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy in essential hypertension. Monk, JP; Titmarsh, S, 1987)	0.49
" The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of intravenous and oral doxazosin were investigated in 6 normotensive volunteers."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling of the alpha adrenoceptor antagonist doxazosin. Elliott, HL; Kelman, AW; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL; Vincent, J, 1988)	0.27
" For both routes of administration, the only pharmacokinetic variables significantly correlated with age were terminal elimination rate constant and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC)."	( Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of orally and intravenously administered terazosin. Glassman, HN; Jordan, DC; Luther, RR; Sennello, LT; Sonders, RC; Tolman, KG, 1988)	0.27
" Mean plasma concentrations of doxazosin were proportional to dose and the plasma half-life was 11."	( The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of doxazosin compared with atenolol during long-term double-blind treatment. Faulkner, JK; Himanen, P; Karjalainen, U; Saraste, M, 1987)	0.27
" The plasma elimination half-life during the dose interval in these patients was 16."	( A double-blind and cross-over comparison of once daily doxazosin and placebo with steady-state pharmacokinetics in elderly hypertensive patients. Hosie, J; Scott, MG; Scott, PJ, 1988)	0.27
" No significant differences between the two phenotypes were observed in either the area under the plasma prazosin concentration-time curve, the terminal half-life or the first-dose effect of prazosin."	( Lack of relationship between debrisoquine oxidation phenotype and the pharmacokinetics and first dose effect of prazosin. Lennard, MS; McGourty, JC; Silas, JH, 1988)	0.7
" The optimum use of prazosin in clinical practice depends on an understanding of the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of prazosin--1985. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL; Rubin, PC; Vincent, J, )	0.75
" The pharmacodynamic response was a dose-related fall in the systemic arterial pressure, both supine and standing; dose-response effects were most evident in the upright posture."	( The pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and haemodynamic effects of acute and chronic alpha-adrenoceptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Silke, B; Taylor, SH, 1981)	0.26
" Time of maximum plasma concentration (2 hr) and half-life in plasma (5."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with prazosin in chronic heart failure. Lakhani, ZM; Silke, B; Taylor, SH, )	0.39
"The possibility to apply impedance cardiography technique and individual statistical analysis based on Dixon's criterion to pharmacodynamic studies of single hydralazine ( apressine ), prazosine ( pratsiol ), endralazine ( mirethilan ), propranolol (obsidan) doses is discussed."	( [Methodologic approach to individual evaluation of the pharmacodynamic effects of single doses of hydralazine, endralazine, prazosine and propranolol in hypertension patients]. Izotov, AI; Postol'nikov, SF; Vygodin, VA, 1984)	0.67
" In normal healthy volunteers, the time of peak concentration occurs between 1 and 3 hours after oral administration, with wide interindividual variations."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of prazosin. Jaillon, P, )	0.42
"alpha-Blockers and calcium antagonists are commonly used in the treatment of hypertension, but few data are available concerning first dose or steady state (SS) hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects of these drugs when they are used in combination therapy."	( Combined terazosin and verapamil therapy in essential hypertension. Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions. Johnston, W; Laddu, AR; Lenz, ML; Pool, JL; Taylor, AA; Varghese, A, 1995)	0.29
" The Cmax was identical in the two groups, and the time to Cmax was 84 min in the elderly and 114 min in the young subjects."	( The effect of aging on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of prazosin. Andros, E; Detmar-Hanna, D; Gal, J; Gerber, JG; Suteparuk, S, 1996)	0.53
"The results of this study demonstrate that age does not alter the pharmacokinetics of oral prazosin, but the pharmacodynamic response at equivalent plasma prazosin concentration is greater in the elderly."	( The effect of aging on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of prazosin. Andros, E; Detmar-Hanna, D; Gal, J; Gerber, JG; Suteparuk, S, 1996)	0.75
"The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics and subsequent pharmacodynamic interaction of MPC-1304, a dihydropyridine Ca2+ antagonist, with other drugs in animal experiments."	( Interaction of some drugs on the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of MPC-1304, a dihydropyridine Ca2+ antagonist. Miyake, H; Miyoshi, K; Nakano, M; Nishizaki, J; Umeno, Y; Yoshida, K, )	0.13
" Multiple-dose coadministration of terazosin and finasteride did not alter the central values of steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters of either drug in a statistically significant manner."	( Assessment of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between terazosin and finasteride. Cavanaugh, J; Eason, C; Granneman, GR; Hosmane, B; Locke, C; Samara, EE, 1996)	0.29
"A radioreceptor assay has been developed for alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes and applied to a pharmacokinetic analysis of tamsulosin and terazosin."	( Radioreceptor assay analysis of tamsulosin and terazosin pharmacokinetics. Michel, MC; Schäfers, RF; Taguchi, K, 1998)	0.3
" These drugs must be administered parenterally and have a half-life of only a few minutes."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of vasodilators. Part II. Heintz, B; Kirsten, D; Kirsten, R; Nelson, K, 1998)	0.3
" The aim of this study was to assess the potential pharmacokinetic interaction of doxazosin or terazosin when coadministered with finasteride."	( Pharmacokinetic interaction between finasteride and terazosin, but not finasteride and doxazosin. Chung, M; Hilbert, J; Lawrence, V; Phillips, K; Vashi, V, 1998)	0.3
" Previous in-vitro studies showed that the drug has two distinct mechanisms of antihypertensive effect--calcium-channel blocking activity and alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonism--which could be explained by a combination of two different pharmacodynamic models."	( Pharmacodynamics of S-2150, a simultaneous calcium-blocking and alpha1-inhibiting antihypertensive drug, in rats. Ishibashi, T; Oguma, T; Yano, Y, 2000)	0.31
" The present HPLC method was successful for the pharmacokinetic study of terazosin in healthy volunteers."	( High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis and pharmacokinetics of terazosin in healthy volunteers. Kang, BC; Rhee, JE; Shin, WG; Suh, OK; Yang, CQ, 2001)	0.31
" Therefore, this study was performed with DA-8159 (a long acting PDE 5 inhibitor) and terazosin in rats to find whether or not pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between the two drugs were observed."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic consequences of inhibition of terazosin metabolism via CYP3A1 and/or 3A2 by DA-8159, an erectogenic, in rats. Bae, SK; Kwon, JW; Lee, DC; Lee, MG; Oh, EY; You, M, 2007)	0.34
" Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling were performed subject by subject."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling of arterial haemodynamic effects of terazosin in healthy volunteers. Azanza, JR; Campanero, MA; Muñoz-Juarez, MJ; Quetglas, EG; Sádaba, B, 2008)	0.35
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds. Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)	0.35
" However, by means of pharmacokinetic modeling we describe the inverse correlation between lipid solubility of a molecule and its active transport by placental ABC efflux transporters."	( Transplacental pharmacokinetics of glyburide, rhodamine 123, and BODIPY FL prazosin: effect of drug efflux transporters and lipid solubility. Ceckova, M; Cygalova, LH; Hofman, J; Staud, F, 2009)	0.58
" The method was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetic study of tafetinib and M1 in dog."	( Simultaneous quantification of tafetinib (SIM010603), a novel potent inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinase, and its major metabolite in dog plasma by HPLC-ESI/MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Liu, X; Shao, F; Tang, F; Zhu, T, )	0.13

Compound-Compound Interactions

Prazosin in combination with propranolol or naltrexone was more effective than either drug alone and also reduced sucrose-reinforced behaviors. Prazosins combined with verapamil (p less than 0.5 mm Hg per ng/ml) was found to level off the hyperprolactinemic effect of the latter.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" In 25 patients only prazosin was used and in 20 patients prazosin was combined with a thiazide diuretic."	( Prazosin alone and combined with a thiazide diuretic in the treatment of hypertension. Bhoola, R; Seedat, MA; Seedat, YK, 1977)	2.02
"Using two models of experimental thrombosis (arterio-venous shunt and Wessler's model) the effect of plasmin and its combination with alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonists on the formation of thrombus was studied on white rats."	( [Thrombosis prophylaxis using plasmin and its combination with alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonists]. Golubeva, MG; Grigoréva, ME; Kalishevskaia, TM, )	0.13
" Prazosin in combination with nadolol was found to level off the hyperprolactinemic effect of the latter without potentiating the reduction in the levels of follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, and testicular hormones which was observed during therapy with each drug alone."	( [Effect of long-term treatment with prazosin and its combination with nadolol on the levels of blood hormones of the hypophyseal- gonadal system in patients with hypertension]. Akhmedova, ZG; Gumbatov, NB; Karaev, ME; Kasumova, FZ; Mamedova, RN; Mustafaev, II, 1992)	1.47
"This open, multicenter phase III study was designed to assess the efficacy and long-term safety of terazosin (1 to 40 mg/day), alone or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs, in 364 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension."	( Long-term efficacy and safety of terazosin alone and in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Cohen, JD, 1991)	0.28
"Doxazosin (mean dose 11 mg) given once daily in combination with 100 mg atenolol (n = 44) was compared with placebo and atenolol (n = 43) in a double-blind, multicenter study in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension."	( Doxazosin in combination with atenolol in essential hypertension: a double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre trial. Christensen, CC; Dathan, R; Dean, S; Searle, M; Westheim, A, 1990)	0.28
" Nicardipine in combination with atenolol or clonidine most effectively lowered blood pressure."	( Nicardipine in combination with other antihypertensive drugs: calcium antagonist and prazosin have no additive antihypertensive effect? Jounela, AJ; Juustila, H; Kanniainen, E; Lilja, M; Pasanen, A, 1990)	0.5
" We therefore studied its functional and metabolic effects in closed chest rats when given in combination with prazosin, verapamil or metoprolol, all of which have direct effects on the circulation."	( Functional and metabolic effects of ribose in combination with prazosin, verapamil and metoprolol in rats in vivo. Lortet, S; Zimmer, HG, 1989)	0.73
"The short-term antihypertensive efficacy and safety of terazosin when administered with a diuretic were assessed in three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies."	( Cumulative experience with terazosin administered in combination with diuretics. Rudd, P, 1986)	0.27
"In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, the efficacy and safety of terazosin in combination with other antihypertensive agents were assessed using patients with inadequately controlled essential hypertension (supine diastolic blood pressure 95 mm Hg or greater)."	( Experience with terazosin administered in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Chrysant, SG, 1986)	0.27
" Furthermore, the data indicate that in normal rats D-1 receptors are functionally relevant since D-1 agonists facilitate the expression of oral stereotyped behaviour after combination with a D-2 agonist."	( Dopamine D-1 receptor agonists combined with the selective D-2 agonist quinpirole facilitate the expression of oral stereotyped behaviour in rats. Arnt, J; Hyttel, J; Perregaard, J, 1987)	0.27
" Neither prazosin nor nadolol in combination with thiazide had significant additional adverse effects on total body potassium."	( A comparison of prazosin versus nadolol in combination with a diuretic. Kraut, J; Okun, R, 1984)	1.03
"To investigate the effects of amlodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker, alone or combined with terazosin, on urodynamics in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in female rats with detrusor instability (DI)."	( Amlodipine alone or combined with terazosin improves lower urinary tract disorder in rat models of benign prostatic hyperplasia or detrusor instability: focus on detrusor overactivity. Chen, GL; Liu, HP; Liu, P; Xu, XP, 2009)	0.35
" The rats were intragastrically administered with assigned drugs (amlodipine, terazosin or both combined) for 14 days in three experiments."	( Amlodipine alone or combined with terazosin improves lower urinary tract disorder in rat models of benign prostatic hyperplasia or detrusor instability: focus on detrusor overactivity. Chen, GL; Liu, HP; Liu, P; Xu, XP, 2009)	0.35
"Amlodipine alone or combined with terazosin might have the potential to alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)."	( Amlodipine alone or combined with terazosin improves lower urinary tract disorder in rat models of benign prostatic hyperplasia or detrusor instability: focus on detrusor overactivity. Chen, GL; Liu, HP; Liu, P; Xu, XP, 2009)	0.35
"Amlodipine alone or combined with terazosin can improve the PVR of the LUTS patient effectively, but had no significant difference compared with terazosin."	( [Amlodipine combined with terazosin reduces postvoid residual and the risk of acute urinary retention]. Fang, J; Li, YL; Liu, HP; Qin, XH; Xu, XP; Yang, C; Zhang, X, 2009)	0.35
"The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions."	( Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions. Artursson, P; Haglund, U; Karlgren, M; Kimoto, E; Lai, Y; Norinder, U; Vildhede, A; Wisniewski, JR, 2012)	0.38
" We used a panel of stably and transiently transfected cell lines to elucidate the carrier-mediated transport processes that are involved in linagliptin disposition in vivo and to assess the potential for drug-drug interactions (DDIs)."	( Evaluation and prediction of potential drug-drug interactions of linagliptin using in vitro cell culture methods. Ebner, T; Ishiguro, N; Kishimoto, W; Schaefer, O; Shimizu, H, 2013)	0.39
") injection), in combination with a low dose of prazosin (0."	( Low-dose prazosin in combination with 5-HT6 antagonist PRX-07034 has antipsychotic effects. Abraham, R; Irupannanavar, S; Nirogi, R; Shinde, A, 2015)	1.09
"0 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (IP)), or prazosin in combination with propranolol (5 mg/kg (IP); Exp."	( Low-dose prazosin alone and in combination with propranolol or naltrexone: effects on ethanol and sucrose seeking and self-administration in the P rat. Czachowski, CL; Verplaetse, TL, 2015)	1.11
" Prazosin in combination with propranolol or naltrexone was more effective than either drug alone and also reduced sucrose-reinforced behaviors."	( Low-dose prazosin alone and in combination with propranolol or naltrexone: effects on ethanol and sucrose seeking and self-administration in the P rat. Czachowski, CL; Verplaetse, TL, 2015)	1.74

Bioavailability

The hypotensive action of prazosin is greater in patients with chronic renal failure. Changes in the bioavailability or distribution of the drug result in higher drug concentrations for a given dose.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Oral bioavailability was 56."	( Prazosin, pharmacokinetics and concentration effect. Bateman, DN; Hobbs, DC; Rawlins, MD; Stevens, EA; Twomey, TM, 1979)	1.7
" The enhanced antihypertensive effect of prazosin in renal failure appears to reflect changes in the bioavailability or distribution of the drug, which result in higher drug concentrations for a given dose."	( Responsiveness to prazosin in renal failure. Frost, GW; MacCarthy, EP; Monaghan, JC; Stokes, GS, 1979)	0.86
" The low oral bioavailability of SK&F 104078 did not appear to be due to high first-pass oxidative metabolism, since pretreatment of SHR with the suicide substrate inhibitor of cytochrome P-450, 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT), did not result in increased oral efficacy."	( Cardiovascular effects of SK&F 104078, a novel alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Gombar, CT; Gutzait, L; Hieble, JP; Sulpizio, AC, 1990)	0.28
" Significant accumulation of doxazosin occurred with chronic dosing, but comparison of dose-adjusted AUC after single and chronic dosing suggested that there was no change in clearance or bioavailability during chronic administration."	( The pharmacokinetics of doxazosin in patients with hypertension and renal impairment. Dewhurst, AG; Honeywell, R; Oliver, RM; Renwick, AG; Upward, JW; Waller, DG, 1990)	0.28
"The bioavailability of two prazosin formulations was studied in 12 healthy volunteers."	( Comparative bioavailability study of two brands of prazosin-containing tablets in healthy volunteers. Exler, PS; Guelen, PJ; Janssen, TJ; Lam, MH; Vree, TB, 1990)	0.83
" In part, this appears to be related to the cardioinhibitory and negative chronotropic action of verapamil, but it is also likely to depend on increases in bioavailability of prazosin and higher plasma levels when the drug is given with verapamil."	( Clinical pharmacological studies on the interaction between alpha-adrenoceptors and calcium antagonists. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Pasanisi, F; Reid, JL, 1985)	0.46
" Atiprosin had good oral bioavailability (p."	( Antihypertensive and hypotensive actions of atiprosin (AY-28,228) in rats, dogs, and monkeys. Klein, M; Metcalf, G; Oshiro, G; Wojdan, A, 1987)	0.27
" The overall effect is partly due to an increase in the apparent bioavailability of prazosin but may also reflect a synergistic effect on reducing peripheral vascular resistance."	( Verapamil and prazosin in essential hypertension: evidence of a synergistic combination? Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL, 1987)	0.86
" It is readily absorbed, with high bioavailability and a relatively long plasma half-life, neither of which property is influenced by age."	( Clinical pharmacotherapeutics of doxazosin. Taylor, SH, 1989)	0.28
" One reason for the wide range in serum concentrations with standard oral formulations is that these products usually exhibit first-order drug absorption, in which the rate of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract continually varies following a dose (from high to low) and is directly determined by the amount of drug remaining in the gastrointestinal tract."	( Controlling drug effects through improved oral formulations. The pharmacokinetics of the prazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system. DiPiro, JT, 1989)	0.5
" In addition, L-654,284 had better (5-6 times) oral bioavailability than RX 781094 or WY 26703."	( L-654,284 a new potent and selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist. Baldwin, JJ; Clineschmidt, BV; Huff, JR; Lotti, VJ; Martin, GE; Pettibone, DJ; Randall, WC; Vacca, J, 1986)	0.27
" For single doses, oral bioavailability has been calculated to be about 65%; terminal elimination half-life is approximately 10 to 12 hours."	( Pharmacokinetic overview of doxazosin. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL, 1987)	0.27
"The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the sympathetic nerves to the jejunum enhance net fluid absorption rate by inhibiting an electrogenic flux of anions into the lumen."	( Electrogenic and electroneutral components of the sympathetic effect on fluid absorption in the rat jejunum. Butcher, P; Hemlin, M; Sjövall, H, 1987)	0.27
" The volume of distribution increased significantly with age although the bioavailability and clearance were not significantly different in the two groups."	( The pharmacokinetics of doxazosin in elderly normotensives. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL; Vincent, J, 1986)	0.27
" Further measurements were made during a series of intensive study days, and the most important additional finding was a pharmacokinetic interaction that resulted in increased peak concentrations and bioavailability of prazosin."	( The combination of prazosin and verapamil in the treatment of essential hypertension. Campbell, L; Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL, 1988)	0.79
" To understand the implications for retina-optic nerve vascular physiology and pathophysiology, studies of the exact location of the binding sites, the bioavailability of the adrenergic agonists, and the physiological responses to receptor stimulation in both normal and pathological states are required."	( Adrenergic alpha 1 and alpha 2 binding sites are present in bovine retinal blood vessels. Anderson, DR; Ferrari-Dileo, G; Forster, BA, 1987)	0.27
" Striatal concentrations of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid were rapidly reduced by N-0500 both after intraperitoneal and oral administration, indicating that this compound is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and passes the blood-brain barrier to activate DA autoreceptors."	( Neuropharmacological profile of a new series of dopamine agonists: N-n-propyl-hexahydronaphthoxazines. De Vries, JB; Dijkstra, D; Hazelhoff, B; Horn, AS; Mulder, TB; Timmermans, PB; Wynberg, H, 1986)	0.27
"The relative bioavailability of two different Prazosine preparations (Adversuten, VEB Arzneimittelwerk Dresden, GDR and Minipress, Pfizer GmbH, Karlsruhe, FRG) has been determined in 10 patients suffering from an essential hypertension by the cross-over test following a single oral application."	( [Comparative study of the relative bioavailabilities of two prazosin preparations in patients with essential hypertension]. Faulhaber, HD; Günzel, R; Homuth, V; Prehm, C; Rostock, G; Unger, P, 1985)	0.77
" Lacking an intravenous dosage form for use in human subjects, our study concentrated on the determination of the bioavailability and disposition parameters of tiodazosin in dogs, with a comparison to those parameters for prazosin, obtained from previous work in our laboratory."	( The bioavailability and disposition of tiodazosin levulinate in beagle dogs with a comparison to prazosin hydrochloride. Baughman, RA; Benet, LZ; Mico, BA, )	0.53
" The hypotensive action of prazosin is greater in patients with chronic renal failure, and the bioavailability or distribution of the drug is altered."	( Clinical pharmacology of prazosin in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure. Aubert, P; Chaignon, M; Flouvat, B; Guedon, J; Le Roux, E; Lucsko, M; Safar, M, )	0.73
"Prior to the introduction of an intravenous dosage form for use in humans, prazosin pharmacokinetic studies emphasizing clearance, hepatic extraction, and bioavailability were carried out in dogs."	( Dose-dependent bioavailability of prazosin in beagle dogs. Baughman, RA; Benet, LZ; Mico, BA; Sorgel, F, )	0.64
" Our data suggest that the greater hypotensive activity of the combination results at least in part from a kinetic interaction that enhances the bioavailability of prazosin, but it is possible that a dynamic interaction at the level of vascular smooth muscle or compensatory cardiac activity also plays a role."	( Combined alpha adrenoceptor antagonism and calcium channel blockade in normal subjects. Elliott, HL; McSharry, DR; Meredith, PA; Pasanisi, F; Reid, JL, 1984)	0.46
" The rate of absorption of prazosin was identical in the two groups (t max: I,3 +/- 0,2 h and I,6 +/- 0,4 h)."	( [Clinical pharmacology of prazosin in arterial hypertension with chronic renal insufficiency]. Aubert, P; Chaignon, M; Flouvat, B; Guédon, J; Le Roux, E; Lucsko, M, 1981)	0.86
" Oral bioavailability of prazosin ranges from 43."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of prazosin. Jaillon, P, )	0.73
" All patients did not respond in a similar way; two distinct patterns of BP and pulse response emerged, although there was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters, namely, absorption rate constant (Ka), maximum plasma concentration (Cpmax), time to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax), prazosin plasma half-life (T 1/2), elimination rate constant (kel), prazosin plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), and clearance."	( Prazosin plasma concentration and blood pressure reduction. Armstrong, J; du Souich, P; Hamet, P; Larochelle, P; Larocque, P, )	1.75
" After oral doses bioavailability ranged between 55% and 82%."	( Prazosin kinetics in hypertension. Grahnén, A; Haglund, K; Lindström, B; Seideman, P; von Bahr, C, 1981)	1.71
" In the present experiments, 33 ketamine-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 2450-MHz microwaves at an average power density of 60 mW/sq cm (whole-body average specific absorption rate of approximately 14 W/kg) until death occurred."	( Microwave-induced lethal heat stress: effects of phentolamine, prazosin and metoprolol. Berger, RE; Chang, KS; Frei, MR; Jauchem, JR, 1995)	0.53
" Pharmacokinetic interactions, including an increase in the bioavailability of T when V was added, did not correlate with the degree of orthostasis."	( Combined terazosin and verapamil therapy in essential hypertension. Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions. Johnston, W; Laddu, AR; Lenz, ML; Pool, JL; Taylor, AA; Varghese, A, 1995)	0.29
" Relative bioavailability of prazosin administered as GITS was only 49."	( Pharmacokinetics of prazosin administered as gastro-intestinal-therapeutic-systems to 24 healthy volunteers. Brisson, AM; Couet, W; Fourtillan, JB, )	0.75
" (iii) An approximated relative bioavailability (f'P-GS) of 36."	( Disposition of a new rate-controlled formulation of prazosin in the treatment of hypertension during pregnancy: transplacental passage of prazosin. Baton-Saint-Mleux, C; Bourget, P; Edouard, D; Fernandez, H; Lelaidier, C; Lesne-Hulin, A; Ribou, F, )	0.38
"The quantitative structure-bioavailability relationship of 232 structurally diverse drugs was studied to evaluate the feasibility of constructing a predictive model for the human oral bioavailability of prospective new medicinal agents."	( QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability. Topliss, JG; Yoshida, F, 2000)	0.31
"The human ATP-binding cassette transporter, ABCG2, confers resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents and also affects the bioavailability of different drugs."	( The calcium channel blockers, 1,4-dihydropyridines, are substrates of the multidrug resistance-linked ABC drug transporter, ABCG2. Ambudkar, SV; Bates, SE; Robey, RW; Shukla, S, 2006)	0.33
" Human oral bioavailability is an important pharmacokinetic property, which is directly related to the amount of drug available in the systemic circulation to exert pharmacological and therapeutic effects."	( Hologram QSAR model for the prediction of human oral bioavailability. Andricopulo, AD; Moda, TL; Montanari, CA, 2007)	0.34
" Based on studies in wild type and abcg2-/- mice, we observed that oral curcumin increased Cmax and relative bioavailability of sulfasalazine by selectively inhibiting ABCG2 function."	( Curcumin inhibits the activity of ABCG2/BCRP1, a multidrug resistance-linked ABC drug transporter in mice. Ambudkar, SV; Bauer, B; Hartz, A; Shukla, S; Ware, JA; Zaher, H, 2009)	0.35
"Oral bioavailability (F) is a product of fraction absorbed (Fa), fraction escaping gut-wall elimination (Fg), and fraction escaping hepatic elimination (Fh)."	( Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination. Chang, G; El-Kattan, A; Miller, HR; Obach, RS; Rotter, C; Steyn, SJ; Troutman, MD; Varma, MV, 2010)	0.36
" Permeability study in Caco-2 cell lines and in vivo bioavailability study in rat model were investigated to ascertain their biopharmaceutical advantage."	( Effect of counterions on physicochemical properties of prazosin salts. Bansal, AK; Jain, R; Kumar, L; Meena, CL; Pawar, YB; Tikoo, K; Wahlang, B, 2013)	0.64
", ip) indicate that the liver is the primary site of biotransformation of the compound, suggesting that both 22a and its metabolite(s) are active, compensating probably low bioavailability of the parent molecule."	( Design, physico-chemical properties and biological evaluation of some new N-[(phenoxy)alkyl]- and N-{2-[2-(phenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}aminoalkanols as anticonvulsant agents. Bednarski, M; Gunia-Krzyżak, A; Marona, H; Nitek, W; Pękala, E; Powroźnik, B; Słoczyńska, K; Walczak, M; Waszkielewicz, AM; Żesławska, E, 2016)	0.43
" However, the limited bioavailability of curcumin prevents its use for modulation of the function of these transporters in the clinical setting."	( Synthetic Analogs of Curcumin Modulate the Function of Multidrug Resistance-Linked ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter ABCG2. Ambudkar, SV; Chufan, EE; Fukuda, M; Ishida, M; Iwabuchi, Y; Kanehara, K; Kudoh, K; Murakami, M; Naitoh, T; Ohnuma, S; Shibata, H; Sugisawa, N; Unno, M, 2017)	0.46
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
" One major factor that contributes to low bioavailability are efflux transporters which prevent drug absorption through intestinal epithelial cells."	( Reversible inhibition of efflux transporters by hydrogel microdevices. Desai, TA; Kroetz, DL; Lamson, NG; Levy, ES; Samy, KE; Whitehead, KA, 2019)	0.51

Dosage Studied

The alpha 1-agonist aerosol prazosin shifted the phenylephrine dose-response curves to the right, but prasozin did not bronchodilate the principals during period B. Dosages were titrated until the patient showed a sitting diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mm Hg or to a maximum dosage of 100 mg/day of hydrochlorothiazide, 320 mg of propranolol and 20 mg of prazo.

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist activity was assessed by studying the effects of increasing concentrations of the antagonists on cumulative clonidine dose-response curves on the stimulated vas deferens."	( Selectivity of blocking agents for pre-and postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors. Doxey, JC; Smith, CF; Walker, JM, 1977)	0.26
" The alpha-sympatholytic drug yohimbine (1 mg/kg) displaced both dose-response curves to the right, but the effect was greatest for guanfacine."	( Possible subdivision of postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors mediating pressor responses in the pithed rat. Kwa, HY; Timmermans, PB; van Zwieten, PA, 1979)	0.26
" Dosage can be progressively increased up to 30 mg/day."	( [Prazosine: a new vasodilator used for treatment of hypertension (author's transl)]. Bret, M; Fillastre, JP; Godin, M, 1978)	1.17
"Pharmacokinetic methods that have been used to improve antihypertensive drug therapy, including antihypertensive dosage regimens, are reviewed."	( Using pharmacokinetics in drug therapy. V: Contributions to developing dosage regimens for antihypertensive drugs. Schumacher, GE, 1979)	0.26
" In contrast, BL-5111, an antihypertensive agent similar in chemical structure and shown in previous studies to be slightly less potent than prazosin but with appreciably less alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist activity, had no effect on blood pressure at 12 hours after dosing (1 and 2 mg/kg po)."	( Comparative first dose effects of prazosin and tiodazosin (BL-5111) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Buyniski, JP; Florczyk, AP; Roebel, LE, 1979)	0.74
" Frusemide dosage was increased and the alpha adrenoreceptor blocking drug prazosin hydrochloride was added to the therapeutic regime."	( The use of alpha blockade in the treatment of congestive heart failure associated with dirofilariasis and mitral valvular incompetence. Atwell, RB, 1979)	0.49
"In order to determine and compare the pharmacodynamic responses to single and multiple dose prazosin therapy in cardiac failure, 14 patients with severe low-output heart failure underwent central and regional hemodynamic measurements after random placement in one of two prazosin dosing schedules."	( Development of pharmacodynamic tolerance to prozosin in congestive heart failure. Blanford, MF; Desch, CE; Leier, CV; Magorien, RD; Triffon, DW; Unverferth, DV, 1979)	0.48
" The specific therapy can then be effectively and safely delivered by a careful analysis of the dose-response relation as identified by hemodynamic monitoring."	( Contributions of hemodynamic monitoring to the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. Armstrong, PW, 1979)	0.26
"The pharmacokinetics and effects of prazosin have been studied after intravenous and oral dosing (1 mg) to 6 normal male volunteers."	( Prazosin, pharmacokinetics and concentration effect. Bateman, DN; Hobbs, DC; Rawlins, MD; Stevens, EA; Twomey, TM, 1979)	1.98
" Examination of data from each subject on repeated dosing indicates considerable intrasubject consistency in pharmacokinetic response despite intersubject variability."	( Pharmacokinetics of prazosin in man. Hobbs, DC; Palmer, RF; Twomey, TM, )	0.45
"In fifteen patients with hypertension, inadequately controlled during treatment with propranolol alone (mean dosage 333 mg/day), plasma volume (PV) and extracellular fluid volume (ECV) were determined."	( Changes in plasma volume and extracellular fluid volume after addition of prazosin to propranolol treatment in patients with hypertension. Ibsen, H; Jensen, HA; Leth, A; Rasmussen, K, 1978)	0.49
" The dosage used was 1 mg TDS."	( A phase II study of prazosin hydrochloride in hypertensive subjects. Paul, RR; Sharma, PL; Wahi, PL, 1976)	0.58
" Dosage increments were limited to 0-5 mg, beginning late in the evening."	( Prazosin in the treatment of patients with hypertension and renal functional impairment. Bailey, RR, 1977)	1.7
"In previously untreated rats, pretreatment with enalaprilat shifted the dose-response curve for the hypotensive effect of doxazosin to the left, indicating synergism."	( A study of the interaction between the hypotensive actions of doxazosin and enalaprilat in anaesthetized rats. Marwood, JF; Stokes, GS; Tierney, G, 1992)	0.28
" Increasing dosages of the vasoconstrictors below their threshold of systemic activity were employed in order to obtain dose-response curves of the hand veins congested at a venous occlusion pressure of 40 mmHg."	( Oral administration of carvedilol and prazosin inhibits the prostaglandin F2 alpha- and noradrenaline-induced contraction of human hand veins in vivo. Beermann, C; Belz, GG; Schloos, J, 1992)	0.55
" The alpha 2-blocking agent yohimbine shifted the dose-response curve of the contractile response to the alpha 2-agonist, clonidine, in a dose-dependent manner, 10(-7) M causing a 10 fold shift."	( The contribution of alpha-adrenoceptors to neurally-mediated contractions of the rabbit urethral smooth muscle. Brading, AF; Chen, HI, 1992)	0.28
"5 to 60 degrees C resulted in right shifts in the dose-response curves for all agents with the magnitude of shift being: 1) greatest on the blood pressure and least on the tail flick, and 2) greatest for ST-91 and CLON and least for DMET."	( Suppression by spinal alpha-2 agonists of motor and autonomic responses evoked by low- and high-intensity thermal stimuli. Saeki, S; Yaksh, TL, 1992)	0.28
" Orthostatic hypotension after the first dose occurs infrequently and may be minimized by initiating therapy at a dosage of 1 mg/day."	( Doxazosin: a new alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist. Babamoto, KS; Hirokawa, WT, 1992)	0.28
" Therefore, after 4 weeks of washout with placebo (phase 1), doxazosin (dosage range from 1 to 16 mg, plus hydrochlorothiazide when necessary) was given to 11 essential hypertensive patients (6 M, 5 F, age range 34-63 years) for 8 weeks (phase 2) in order to achieve diastolic blood pressure values less than 90 mmHg; this dosage was then maintained for a further 20 weeks up to the end of the study (phase 3)."	( Reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy after longterm antihypertensive treatment with doxazosin. Agabiti-Rosei, E; Beschi, M; Calebich, S; Castellano, M; Muiesan, G; Muiesan, ML; Rizzoni, D; Zulli, R, 1992)	0.28
" Head-up tilts in these rats did not produce orthostatic hypotension when performed either prior to or after acute dosing of prazosin (0."	( Orthostatic hypotension occurs following alpha 2-adrenoceptor blockade in chronic prazosin-pretreated conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brune, ME; DeBernardis, JF; Lee, JY; Warner, RB, 1992)	0.72
" CEC treatment had little effect on the pressor dose-response curve of either phenylephrine or BHT 920."	( Effect of chlorethylclonidine on arterial blood pressure and heart rate in the conscious rat. Piascik, MT; Pruitt, TA; Sparks, MS, 1992)	0.28
" After the administration of carvedilol on day 8, the cirazoline vasopressor response was 2 +/- 1 mmHg and the isoproterenol-induced tachycardia was 4 +/- 3 beats/min, indicating effective alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic blockade after chronic dosing with carvedilol."	( Single and repeated doses of the vasodilator/beta-adrenergic antagonist, carvedilol, block cirazoline- and isoproterenol-mediated hemodynamic responses in the conscious rat. Gagnon, R; Slivjak, MJ; Smith, EF, 1992)	0.28
" Pretreatment with either prazosin (5 x 10(-9) - 10(-8) M) or ketanserin (5 x 10(-9) - 10(-8) M) leads to decreased slopes and Emax in the 2C-B dose-response curves."	( The action of the psychoactive drug 2C-B on isolated rat thoracic aorta. Borges, Y; Cassels, BK; Gonzalez, E; Lobos, M, 1992)	0.58
" The daily dosage of terazosin was titrated to 5 mg over a 2-week interval."	( The relative efficacy of terazosin versus terazosin and flutamide for the treatment of symptomatic BPH. Lepor, H; Machi, G, 1992)	0.28
"), there appeared to be a parallel shift of the 5-HT dose-response curve to the right."	( Vagal afferent-mediated inhibition of a nociceptive reflex by i.v. serotonin in the rat. II. Role of 5-HT receptor subtypes. Brody, MJ; Gebhart, GF; Lewis, SJ; Meller, ST, 1992)	0.28
"A stability-indicating reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for prazosin was developed to investigate the feasibility of a transdermal dosage form."	( High-performance liquid chromatographic assay of prazosin for transdermal screening studies. Tenjarla, SN; Tseggai, A, 1992)	0.76
" The dose-response relationship of cocaine with fetal development was established in CF-1 mice by administering cocaine sc on days 5 to 18 of gestation followed by teratologic evaluation."	( Antagonism of cocaine-induced fetal anomalies by prazosin and diltiazem in mice. Hitner, HW; Mahalik, MP, 1992)	0.54
" Individual dose-response curves (DRCs) for norepinephrine (NE) and histamine were performed to assess contractile function."	( Regional differences in the effects of septic shock on vascular reactivity in the rabbit. Croce, K; Li, T; Winquist, RJ, 1992)	0.28
" (d) Yohimbine, but not prazosin, suppressed the noradrenaline dose-response curve for prostaglandin production."	( Noradrenaline-induced prostaglandin production by sympathetic postganglionic neurons is mediated by alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Goldyne, ME; Gonzales, R; Levine, JD; Sherbourne, CD, 1991)	0.59
" Dose-response curves to the imidazoline, oxymetazoline, in the presence and absence of maximally stimulating concentrations of norepinephrine, indicated that oxymetazoline caused a dose-dependent inhibition of norepinephrine-stimulated hydrolysis of phosphoinositide."	( Differences in imidazoline and phenylethylamine alpha-adrenergic agonists: comparison of binding affinity and phosphoinositide response. Crews, FT; Raulli, RE, 1991)	0.28
"Determination of the alpha-adrenergic blocking potency of drugs in humans is usually done by measuring the shift in the blood pressure versus logarithm of intravenous phenylephrine dose-response relationship."	( Determination of alpha-adrenergic blocking potency. Brodie, CL; Jamieson, MJ; Kwan, CM; Shepherd, AM, 1991)	0.28
" Dose-response studies between 10(-8) and 10(-4)M concentrations were performed for all drugs."	( In vitro responses of equine digital vessels to dopamine and fenoldopam. Baxter, GM; Moore, JN; Tackett, RL, 1991)	0.28
" In control aortic rings the dose-response curves for either clonidine or naphazoline were biphasic, consisting of high- and low-affinity components."	( Interaction of imidazolines with alkylation-sensitive and -resistant alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtypes. Piascik, MT; Pruitt, TA; Sparks, MS, 1991)	0.28
" In this article the pharmacokinetics of terazosin are reviewed, and the incidence of adverse events in a dose-response study and a meta-analysis of 20 placebo-controlled trials involving a total of 1814 patients is presented."	( Terazosin: pharmacokinetics and the effect of age and dose on the incidence of adverse events. Achari, R; Laddu, AR; Somberg, JC, 1991)	0.28
" The aim of this multicenter study, performed in 256 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, was to define the dosing characteristics of terazosin (in the range of 1 to 80 mg) administered once daily."	( Antihypertensive dose-response relationships: studies with the selective alpha 1-blocking agent terazosin. Cheung, DG; Laddu, AR; Luther, RR; Weber, MA, 1991)	0.28
" A higher dosage of clonidine (0."	( Effects of alpha-noradrenergic substances on the optokinetic and vestibulo-ocular responses in the rabbit: a study with systemic and intrafloccular injections. Collewijn, H; Pompeiano, O; Tan, HS; van Neerven, J, 1991)	0.28
" The improvements correlated with dosage levels."	( Clinical studies on the effectiveness of prazosin HCl (Minipress tablets) in the treatment of dysuria accompanying benign prostatic hyperplasia. Aoki, H; Kobayashi, M; Numazato, S; Ohhori, M; Ohninata, M; Sakuma, S; Shiraiwa, Y; Tsuzuki, T; Yamaguchi, O; Yokota, T, 1990)	0.54
" Doxazosin produced rightward shifts of the PE pressor dose-response curves but had no effect on responses to AII."	( Vascular pressor responses in treated and untreated essential hypertension. Donnelly, R; Elliott, HL; Howie, CA; Reid, JL; Sumner, DJ, 1990)	0.28
" The comparison of clinical results and serum plasma levels enabled optimalization of the dosage in long-term therapy."	( Prazosin concentration monitoring in the treatment of prostatic adenoma. Dutkiewicz, S; Filipek, M, 1991)	1.72
" A norepinephrine dose-response curve was obtained by using incremental single bolus doses."	( Antagonist drugs and bone vascular smooth muscle. Dean, MT; Vanhoutte, PM; Wood, MB, 1992)	0.28
" In all rings, cooling caused an increase in the slope of the dose-response curve and a significant increase in the concentration of agonist required to evoke contractions, as assessed by that concentration of NE required to evoke a contraction equal to 10% of maximal (EC10)."	( Cooling augments alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated contractions in rat tail artery. Bowman, CJ; Harker, CT; Ousley, PJ; Porter, JM, 1991)	0.28
"1-10 nM) shifted the dose-response curves for norepinephrine and phenylephrine to the right."	( Agonist interaction with alkylation-sensitive and -resistant alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtypes. Butler, BT; Kusiak, JW; Piascik, MT; Pruitt, TA, 1990)	0.28
"The dose-response effects of hexamethonium, prazosin and rauwolscine - a ganglionic blocker, alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists, respectively - on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean circulatory filling pressure (MCFP), an index of body venous tone, were examined in conscious and unrestrained rats."	( Effects of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists on venous tone in conscious rats. D'Oyley, HM; Pang, CC, 1990)	0.54
" The phenylephrine dose-response curves for mean arterial blood pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance were shifted to the right but the maximal responses were not decreased."	( Alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes and the regulation of peripheral hemodynamics in the conscious rat. Barron, KW; Kusiak, JW; Piascik, MT, 1990)	0.28
" The dose-response relationships of norepinephrine and sympathetic nerve stimulation were enhanced by 10(-6) M cocaine in control muscles; this did not occur in muscles from reserpine pretreated ferrets."	( Effects of cocaine on excitation-contraction coupling of aortic smooth muscle from the ferret. Egashira, K; Morgan, JP; Morgan, KG, 1991)	0.28
" Rings of these vessels were mounted under isometric tension, and dose-response curves to 5-HT were obtained."	( Alterations in serotonergic receptor expression in experimental vein grafts. Hagen, PO; McCann, RL; Mikat, EM; O'Donohoe, MK; Radic, ZS; Schwartz, LB; Stein, AD, 1991)	0.28
"To establish the effects of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade on dopamine-induced changes in renal hemodynamics and sodium excretion, dopamine dose-response curves were performed without and with pretreatment with the selective postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin in normal volunteers and in patients with renal disease and moderately impaired renal function."	( The effects of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade on dopamine-induced renal vasodilation and natriuresis. Donker, AJ; Meijer, S; Reitsma, WD; Smit, AJ; Wesseling, H, 1991)	0.46
" The pharmacokinetics of doxazosin, following a single oral dose (1 mg) and chronic oral dosing (doubling doses up to a maximum of 16 mg day-1), were studied in 18 patients with mild to moderate hypertension and stable renal function varying from normal to severely impaired."	( The pharmacokinetics of doxazosin in patients with hypertension and renal impairment. Dewhurst, AG; Honeywell, R; Oliver, RM; Renwick, AG; Upward, JW; Waller, DG, 1990)	0.28
" Overall, side effects were minimal and did not necessitate reducing the dosage or discontinuing active therapy."	( An evaluation of the efficacy and safety of doxazosin in the treatment of hypertension associated with renal insufficiency. Anderton, JL; Notghi, A, 1990)	0.28
"5 mg/kg), prazosin (35 micrograms/kg) and yohimbine (10 micrograms/kg) in separate experiments antagonized the vasoconstrictor actions of amitraz and produced a parallel shift to the right of the amitraz dose-response curve."	( Central and peripheral alpha-adrenoceptor actions of amitraz in the dog. Cullen, LK; Reynoldson, JA, 1990)	0.68
" To assess an age-related alteration in the responsiveness to an alpha 1-adrenergic agonist and to estimate changes in the apparent affinity of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor for the antagonist prazosin, we infused phenylephrine into 12 healthy elderly subjects and 12 healthy young subjects before and after an oral dose of prazosin, and we compared the shift in the dose-response curves for the two groups."	( The effect of age on the sensitivity of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor to phenylephrine and prazosin. Gerber, JG; Klein, C; Nies, AS; Payne, NA, 1990)	0.69
" By computer analysis, the flat dose-response curve of noradrenaline shows the presence of two different subpopulations of alpha-receptors, each being responsible for approximately 50% of the maximal overall contraction."	( [2 different populations of adrenergic alpha receptors in the splenic capsule in rats]. Foglar, R; Hynie, S; Wenke, M, 1990)	0.28
" Experiments were designed to determine the dose-response and time-course for the effect of PCA administered intravenously on PRA in conscious, unrestrained rats."	( Prazosin unmasks a renin response to intravenous para-chloroamphetamine. Alper, RH; Pergola, PE; Sippy, BD; Zink, MH, 1990)	1.72
" Chloroethylclonidine (1-5 X 10(-5) M) shifted noradrenaline dose-response curve to the right approximately 5000-fold without depressing the maximum."	( Chloroethylclonidine unmasks a non-alpha-adrenoceptor noradrenaline binding site in the rat aorta. Bevan, JA; Oriowo, MA, 1990)	0.28
" Dose-response curves to a variety of additional adrenoceptor stimulants were constructed with the potency rank order for all agonists being: (-)-epinephrine greater than B-HT 920 = (-)-norepinephrine = clonidine much greater than (-)-phenylephrine much greater than B-HT 933 greater than methoxamine."	( Characterization of adrenoceptor subtypes in cat cutaneous vasculature. Koss, MC, 1990)	0.28
" During 12 weeks of prednisone treatment in a dosage of 40 mg daily, her condition markedly deteriorated clinically and hemodynamically as manifested by pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), cardiac output (CO), mixed venous O2 saturation, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR)."	( Nifedipine and prazosin in the management of pulmonary hypertension in CREST syndrome. Dresner-Feigin, R; Galun, E; Glikson, M; Pollack, A; Rubinow, A, 1990)	0.63
"In the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), ketanserin and the ketanserin analogues R56413 and ritanserin were studied with regard to their ability to reduce the blood pressure in conscious rats and shift the dose-response curves for phenylephrine and serotonin (5-HT) in pithed rats after acute administration."	( Antihypertensive effects of ketanserin in the spontaneously hypertensive rat: mode of action. Gradin, K; Hedner, T; Persson, B; Pettersson, A, 1985)	0.27
" Bucindolol caused a parallel shift to the right of the dose-response curves for both serotonin (5-HT) and phenylephrine (PE), indicating competitive antagonism."	( Bucindolol has serotonin and alpha-adrenoceptor blocking properties. Marwood, JF; Stokes, GS, 1985)	0.27
" Dose-response curves were constructed both for the autonomic agonists and the histamine-releasing agents."	( Characterization of purified dog mastocytoma cells. Autonomic membrane receptors and pharmacologic modulation of histamine release. Barnes, PJ; Gold, WM; Phillips, MJ, 1985)	0.27
"In pithed rats two recently-introduced beta-blockers, nipradilol and arotinolol, as well as labetalol shifted the pressor dose-response curve for phenylephrine to the right."	( Alpha-blockade and vasodilatation induced by nipradilol, arotinolol and labetalol in pithed rats. Chin, WP; Imai, S; Nakagawa, Y; Nakahara, H, 1985)	0.27
") for evaluation of its consecutive dosing effect."	( Antihypertensive effects and pharmacokinetics of single and consecutive administration of doxazosin in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Kaneko, Y; Miyajima, E; Miyakawa, T; Shionoiri, H; Takagi, N; Umemura, S; Yasuda, G; Yoshimura, H, 1987)	0.27
" Whereas the blood pressure reduction to acute administration of ketanserin was directly related to its ability to shift the dose-response curve of phenylephrine (alpha 1-adrenergic blockade), the same relationship was not apparent following chronic treatment with ketanserin."	( Antihypertensive effects of ketanserin and ritanserin in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Gradin, K; Hedner, T; Persson, B; Pettersson, A, 1988)	0.27
" Cumulative dose-response curves were constructed for either cinanserin or 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) in animals that had received a maximal hypotensive dose of prazosin that had, in addition to decreasing blood pressure, decreased heart rate and background activity in all three nerves."	( Are drugs that act both on serotonin receptors and alpha 1-adrenoceptors more potent hypotensive agents than those that act only on alpha 1-adrenoceptors? Ramage, AG, 1988)	0.47
" At 6 h post DE, there were no differences between the dose-response curves obtained from aortic rings with or without endothelium."	( Effect of endothelium removal on stimulatory and inhibitory modulation of rat aortic prostacyclin synthesis. Dandona, P; Jeremy, JY, 1989)	0.28
" Both hypotensive agents shifted the dose-response curve to NE to the right."	( Effect of ketanserin and prazosin on blood pressure and cardiovascular reactivity to vasopressor agents during the development of two kidney-two clip renal hypertension in the conscious rat. Basso, N; Kurnjek, M; Mikulic, L; Taquini, AC, 1989)	0.58
") were investigated on the dose-response curves to angiotensin I and to noradrenaline, administered locally in the hand veins in six healthy male volunteers in doses not producing systemic effects."	( The effect of oral cilazapril and prazosin on the constrictor effects of locally infused angiotensin I and noradrenaline in human dorsal hand veins. Beermann, C; Belz, GG; Kleinbloesem, CH; Schloos, J, 1989)	0.56
" Dose-response curves for phenylephrine and norepinephrine were constructed by plotting the change in mean arterial pressure following a bolus dose of the agent against the dose of the pressor agent used."	( Ethanol exhibits alpha receptor blocking-like properties in anesthetized rats. Abdel-Rahman, AA; Russ, RD; Wooles, WR, 1989)	0.28
" SK&F 104353 produced dose-dependent, parallel shifts to the right in the LTC4 dose-response curve."	( Antagonism of leukotriene C4, leukotriene D4 and leukotriene E4 vasoconstrictor responses in the conscious rat with the peptidoleukotriene receptor antagonist SK&F 104353: evidence for leukotriene D4 receptor heterogeneity. Eckardt, RD; Newton, JF; Slivjak, MJ; Smith, EF, 1989)	0.28
" Dose-response curves to 5-bromo-6-(2-imidazoline-2-yl-amino)quinoxaline (UK 14,304) an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, were generated in the absence and presence of three concentrations of various antagonists."	( Alpha-2A and alpha-2B adrenergic receptor subtypes: attenuation of cyclic AMP production in cell lines containing only one receptor subtype. Bylund, DB; Ray-Prenger, C, 1989)	0.28
" This indicates that small doses of prazosin (1-2 mg) cause significant in vivo shifts in the dose-response relationship of alpha adrenergic agonists."	( Responsiveness of superficial hand veins to phenylephrine in essential hypertension. Alpha adrenergic blockade during prazosin therapy. Blaschke, TF; Eichler, HG; Ford, GA; Hoffman, BB; Swislocki, A, 1989)	0.76
"5 hr washout, shifted to the right in a dose-dependent manner the dose-response curves for phenylephrine and norepinephrine."	( Interaction of a chemically reactive prazosin analog with alpha-1 adrenoceptors of rat tissues. Kusiak, JW; Piascik, MT; Pitha, J, 1989)	0.55
" Dose-response curves were generated for epinephrine, and were then repeated in the presence of either prazosin (alpha 1 antagonist), yohimbine (alpha 2 antagonist) or SK&F-86466 (alpha 2 antagonist)."	( An in vivo evaluation of alpha adrenergic receptors in canine prostate. Chernesky, CE; Chou, TC; Felsen, D; Marion, DN; Somers, WJ; Vaughan, ED, 1989)	0.49
" Starting at one mg, dosage was doubled every 2 weeks during a 10-week treatment period to a maximum dose of 16 mg once daily."	( Alpha-1 adrenoceptor blockade with doxazosin in hypertension: effects on blood pressure and lipoproteins. Ames, RP; Kiyasu, JY, 1989)	0.28
"0 mg/kg MDA in both components of the multiple schedule, but did not affect the MDMA dose-response curve."	( Behavioral effects of (+-) 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and (+-) 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in the pigeon: interactions with noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. Barrett, JE; Hoffmann, SM; Nader, MA, 1989)	0.28
" The absence of a depression of the maximum of the dose-response curve of ST 587 and the very moderate attenuation of the maximal B-HT 920-induced increase in diastolic blood pressure (BP) confirms the lack of major calcium entry blocking properties of R 56865 for alpha-adrenoceptor-activated calcium channels in vitro."	( Interaction between R 56865 and alpha-adrenoceptors in the pithed rat. Fruh, C; Koch, P; Peters, T; Schneider, J; Wilffert, B; Wilhelm, D, )	0.13
" Unlike prazosin, the terminal-phase plasma half-life is long, at approximately 12 h, and effective blood pressure control is usually achieved with a once-daily dosing regimen."	( Terazosin: a new antihypertensive agent with favorable effects on lipids. Luther, RR, 1989)	0.71
"5 mg/kg and greater) shifted the phenylephrine dose-response curve to the right."	( Effect of an alkylating analog of prazosin on alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtypes and arterial blood pressure. Butler, BT; Holtman, JR; Kusiak, JW; Piascik, MT; Pitha, J, 1989)	0.56
" IBI at 10(-6) M shifted the dose-response curve of phenylephrine to the right with reduction in maxima."	( Paradoxical effects of isothiocyanate analog of tolazoline on rat aorta and human platelets. Feller, DR; Hamada, A; Miller, DD; Patil, PN; Shams, G; Venkataraman, BV, 1989)	0.28
" Ridazolol activity was compared with that of prazosin on dose-response curves to norepinephrine in the presence of cocaine (30 microM) and propranolol (3 microM)."	( Study of ridazolol on isolated canine and human coronary arteries. Berkenboom, G; Fontaine, J; Unger, P, 1989)	0.54
" By contrast, carbachol did not alter the dose-response profile to AR-L57."	( A comparison of the cardiotonic effects of AR-L115 and AR-L57: evidence for distinct inotropic mechanisms. Hayes, JS; Pollock, GD; Wilson, H; Wyss, VL, )	0.13
" The dose-response to PAF was shifted to the right by the concomitant intra-arterial infusion of the PAF antagonist SRI 63-441."	( Inhibition of vasoconstriction by platelet activating factor in the in situ blood perfused rat mesentery. Gerkens, JF, 1989)	0.28
"02) and practically unchanged after metoprolol, at a time and at a drug dosage when only minor changes in blood pressure and serum lipids were detectable."	( Adrenergic blocking agents and lipoprotein lipase activity. De Simone, B; Ferrara, LA; Leccia, G; Marotta, T; Rubba, P; Soro, S, 1989)	0.28
" Maintenance of drug concentrations within the therapeutic range can be difficult with many traditional oral dosage formulations."	( Controlling drug effects through improved oral formulations. The pharmacokinetics of the prazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system. DiPiro, JT, 1989)	0.5
"8 mM), the dose-response curve for ATP was shifted to the left in a parallel fashion at this concentration."	( Low calcium and calcium antagonists potentiate the contraction of guinea-pig vas deferens induced by ATP: a permissive role for P2-purinoceptors. Furukawa, T; Morishita, H, 1989)	0.28
" In particular, a 3-bromo-5-isoxazolecarbonyl derivative, selected for further in vivo investigation, was provided with as high antihypertensive action as prazosin in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) coupled to a shallow dose-response curve by oral route."	( New isoxazole derivatives provided with antihypertensive activity. Carenzi, A; Chiarino, D; Napoletano, M; Reggiani, A; Sala, A; Sala, R, 1989)	0.47
" However, dose-response curves for SHR characteristically displayed a depression of the maximum response as compared with those for WKY."	( Renal alpha 1-adrenergic receptor response coupling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Jeffries, WB; Pettinger, WA; Yang, E, 1988)	0.27
" The inhibition, which was dose and time dependent, was characterized by progressive shift to the right in the norepinephrine dose-response curve."	( Alkylation of alpha-1 receptors with a chemically reactive analog of prazosin reveals low affinity sites for norepinephrine in rabbit aorta. Babich, M; Butler, BT; Kusiak, JW; Le, HT; Piascik, MT; Pitha, J, 1988)	0.51
" In the presence of Ang II, the NE dose-response curve shifted to the left twofold and the maximal response was not changed."	( Angiotensin II amplification of alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction: role of receptor reserve. Purdy, RE; Weber, MA, 1988)	0.27
" The dose-response relationship between renal alpha-2 adrenoceptor stimulation (clonidine) and water and electrolyte excretion was evaluated in anesthetized rats."	( Dose selective dissociation of water and solute excretion after renal alpha-2 adrenoceptor stimulation. Blandford, DE; Smyth, DD, 1988)	0.27
"The classical approach of displacing the dose-response curve by an alpha adrenoceptor blocker has most often failed to demonstrate a contribution of an alpha adrenoceptor-mediated component in the final inotropic response to norepinephrine unless the beta adrenoceptors are extensively blocked."	( Both alpha and beta adrenoceptor-mediated components contribute to final inotropic response to norepinephrine in rat heart. Osnes, JB; Schiander, IG; Skomedal, T, 1988)	0.27
" Methoxamine increased the tension of both normal and diabetic ventricles, but in diabetic ones, the dose-response curve to methoxamine was shifted to the left and the efficacy of the alpha-agonist was enhanced."	( Alpha-adrenergic supersensitivity and decreased number of alpha-adrenoceptors in heart from acute diabetic rats. Borda, ES; Sterin-Borda, L; Wald, M, 1988)	0.27
" A U-shaped dose-response curve to compounds with mixed alpha 2- and alpha 1-antagonist properties may be constructed, which emphasizes the importance of the dose-dependent selectivity of these antagonists at alpha 2- and alpha 1-receptors."	( Human vascular smooth muscle responses mediated by alpha 2 mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Calvete, J; Hayes, R; Martin, G; Sever, P; Thom, S, 1985)	0.27
"The effect of nifedipine on pressor dose-response curves to phenylephrine, alpha-methylnoradrenaline and angiotensin II was determined in anaesthetized cats pretreated with propranolol and atropine."	( Lack of differential inhibition by nifedipine of pressor responses induced by alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists and by angiotensin II in anaesthetized cats. Alabaster, VA; Solca, AM, 1985)	0.27
" Phentolamine effected a partial dose-related inhibition of flow reductions; however, prazosin and yohimbine, given separately or in combination, failed to produce any significant effect despite an alpha-blocking action equivalent to or greater than that of phentolamine (alpha-agonist dose-response studies)."	( Influence of alpha-adrenergic blockade on platelet-mediated thrombosis in stenosed canine coronary arteries. Bolli, R; Brandon, TA; Mace, ML; Weibaecher, DG, 1985)	0.49
" Methoxamine produced a dose-related increase in uterine activity, prazosin produced a rightward displacement of the dose-response curve of methoxamine reaching the same maximal effect."	( Effect of methoxamine on spontaneous motility of the isolated rat uterus. Esplugues, J; Estañ, L; Morales-Olivas, FJ; Rubio, E, 1985)	0.51
" In most cases the dose-response curves were biphasic and changes in coronary flow paralleled those in oxygen consumption."	( The effect of cholinergic agonists on coronary flow rate and oxygen consumption in isolated perfused rat heart. Erecińska, M; Nuutinen, EM; Wilson, DF, 1985)	0.27
" Prior saline infusion reduced the hypertensive response to the two higher doses of clonidine by 65 and 70%, and displaced the slope of the dose-response curve downwards, but mannitol had no such effect."	( Sodium chloride-induced partial inhibition in vivo of alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist function. Biollaz, B; Biollaz, J; Gavras, H; Gavras, I; Kohlmann, O, 1985)	0.27
" The dose of terazosin was titrated over 2 weeks to a maintenance dosage of 10 mg once daily for 4 weeks."	( Antihypertensive therapy with once-daily administration of terazosin, a new alpha 1-adrenergic-receptor blocker. Abraham, PA; Halstenson, CE; Keane, WF; Matzke, GR; Napier, JL, )	0.13
", once daily for 14 days) the dose-response curve of the isolated rat anococcygeal muscle to phenylephrine shifted to the left, and furthermore, the -log KA value (affinity) for phenylephrine was significantly increased without affecting the affinity for guanfacine."	( Enhancement of central and peripheral alpha 1-adrenoceptor sensitivity and reduction of alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivity following chronic imipramine treatment in rats. Hong, KW; Lee, WS; Rhim, BY, 1986)	0.27
" The data in this study show that ketanserin as an antihypertensive agent is as effective as prazosin, but in contrast requires no titration of dosage and better compliance can be expected with twice daily rather than three times daily dosing."	( Moderate essential hypertension control: a double-blind crossover study between a serotonin antagonist and a post-synaptic alpha-blocker. Fisher, R; Gruebel, B; Koehle, W; Rosenthal, J, 1986)	0.49
" Pressor response studies in the young subjects confirmed the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist activity of doxazosin with significant rightward shifts of the dose-response curves for the selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine."	( Clinical pharmacological studies with doxazosin. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL; Vincent, J, 1986)	0.27
" Although equally efficacious in spontaneously hypertensive rats as its congener prazosin, terazosin exhibited a more gradual onset of action than prazosin, a more uniform and linear dose-response curve, and a less variable duration of action."	( Pharmacology of terazosin. Kyncl, JJ, 1986)	0.5
" In the fixed-dose studies, titration continued until a predetermined dosage level of terazosin or corresponding placebo was reached."	( Terazosin: an effective once-daily monotherapy for the treatment of hypertension. Dauer, AD, 1986)	0.27
" Doses of study medications were administered twice daily and were increased at weekly intervals until the average supine diastolic blood pressure was 90 mm Hg or less, with a decrease from baseline of at least 10 mm Hg, or until the maximum specified dosage of a given study drug was reached."	( Comparative trials of terazosin with other antihypertensive agents. Ruoff, G, 1986)	0.27
" In this study, the dosage of medication was titrated until a satisfactory decrease in supine diastolic blood pressure was obtained, or until the maximum daily dosage (20 mg) was reached."	( Effect of terazosin on serum lipids. Deger, G, 1986)	0.27
" The results of this study indicate that terazosin may be safely administered to patients with renal insufficiency without altering the usual dosing regimen."	( Influence of renal insufficiency on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terazosin. Chauveau, P; Ganeval, D; Jungers, P; Pertuiset, N, 1986)	0.27
" Prazosin causes a dose-related decrease in blood pressure in humans; twice-daily dosing is sufficient for 24-hour blood pressure control."	( Clinical pharmacology and therapeutic role of prazosin and related alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists. Reid, JL; Vincent, J, 1986)	1.44
" The maximal antihypertensive response to CI-926 was unchanged with three consecutive days of oral dosing in the spontaneously hypertensive rat, whereas a first dose effect was noted with prazosin."	( CI-926 (3-[4-[4-(3-methylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyl]-2,4-imidazolinedione): antihypertensive profile and pharmacology. Bjork, FA; Cohen, DM; Coughenour, LL; Evans, DB; Major, TC; Mathias, NP; Mertz, TE; Olszewski, BJ; Ryan, MJ; Singer, RM, 1986)	0.46
" The thrombin dose-response relationship was complex and did not have a classic sigmoidal shape, whether the endothelium was functional or not."	( Alpha adrenoceptor antagonists selectively reduce thrombin-stimulated contraction in rabbit arteries. Bevan, JA; Garland, CJ, 1986)	0.27
" Doses of 2, 5, and 10 mg were examined in sequence over 3 days to define dose-response characteristics."	( The hemodynamic and clinical responses to terazosin, a new alpha blocking agent, in congestive heart failure. Huss, P; Leier, CV; Parrish, D; Patterson, SE; Unverferth, DV, 1986)	0.27
"Effect of YM-12617, a selective and potent alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist on dose-response curves of alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists, norepinephrine, phenylephrine and naphazoline, was tested in isolated rabbit vascular smooth muscles such as the femoral vein, portal vein and aorta."	( Difference in mode of action of alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists on some vascular smooth muscles and efficacy. Konno, F; Takahashi, R; Takayanagi, I; Toru, T, 1986)	0.27
" Isolated aortic rings were mounted in tissue baths for the measurement of isometric contraction and 5-HT dose-response curves were obtained in the presence and absence of receptor antagonists."	( Receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine in rabbit blood vessels: activation of alpha adrenoceptors in rabbit thoracic aorta. Murray, DL; Purdy, RE; Stupecky, GL, 1987)	0.27
" Reserpinization shifted the (-)-norephedrine dose-response curve slightly to the right, indicating that only a minor portion of its activity is due to the release of stored endogenous catecholamines."	( Adrenergic receptor subtype activation by (+)-, (-)- and (+/-)-norephedrine in the pithed rat. Maher, TJ; Moya-Huff, FA, 1987)	0.27
" Patients were then maintained for another 4 weeks on the dosage necessary to control diastolic BP to less than or equal to 90 mm Hg (phase 3)."	( A multicenter trial of doxazosin in West Germany. Rosenthal, J, 1987)	0.27
" During long-term treatment, no significant changes in the disposition of doxazosin have been reported; with dosages up to the maximum clinically used dosage of 16 mg daily, there is no evidence of dose-dependent pharmacokinetics."	( Pharmacokinetic overview of doxazosin. Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL, 1987)	0.27
" Dose-response curves for pressor responses to alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists were located to the left of those for alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists."	( Evidence for central alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypertension in freely moving, normotensive rats. Kawasaki, H; Takasaki, K, 1987)	0.27
" This allows once daily dosing of terazosin and a potential advantage in ensuring patient compliance to treatment."	( Terazosin: a new long-acting alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist for hypertension. Eisen, G; Frishman, WH; Lapsker, J, 1988)	0.27
" Doxazosin significantly lowers both standing and supine blood pressure and appears to maintain this antihypertensive effect over a 24-hour dosing interval."	( Doxazosin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy in mild or moderate hypertension. Brogden, RN; Young, RA, 1988)	0.27
"1 mg/kg) and of yohimbine (1 mg/kg) on the dose-response curves for cirazoline in the pithed rat, and for phenylephrine in the anaesthetized dog were compared, after various doses of phenoxybenzamine."	( Loss of selectivity of so-called selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists after phenoxybenzamine. Gonçalves, J; Guimarães, S; Nunes, JP; Paiva, MQ, 1988)	0.27
" Labetalol and prazosin also significantly shifted the dose-response curve to the right for phenylephrine but not for angiotensin II."	( Analysis of the mechanism underlying the vasodilator action of carvedilol in pithed spontaneously hypertensive rats. Akashi, A; Hashimoto, H; Kanda, A; Tanaka, M, 1988)	0.63
" From these data, we conclude that the dosage of terazosin does not need to be adjusted on the basis of age alone; the dose of terazosin is titrated in all patients to the lowest effective dose that is well tolerated."	( Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of orally and intravenously administered terazosin. Glassman, HN; Jordan, DC; Luther, RR; Sennello, LT; Sonders, RC; Tolman, KG, 1988)	0.27
" Once blood pressure control was established, patients received maintenance therapy at that dosage and were followed for up to 12 months."	( The long-term antihypertensive effects of prazosin and atenolol. Itskovitz, HD; Khoury, S; Krug, K; Mollura, JL, 1989)	0.54
" Results of six-hour pulmonary function tests showed no significant differences after dosing with placebo or with prazosin."	( Prazosin in hypertensive patients with chronic bronchitis and asthma: a brief report. Chodosh, S; Pizzuto, D; Tuck, J, 1989)	1.93
" In controlled double-blind studies involving approximately 550 patients on doxazosin 1-16 mg once daily, significant reductions in both standing and supine BP were maintained throughout the 24 h dosing interval."	( The antihypertensive effects of doxazosin: a clinical overview. Cox, DA; Leader, JP; Milson, JA; Singleton, W, 1986)	0.27
" After placebo dosing for 2 weeks, active drug was given double-blind in two 4-week phases."	( Ketanserin and prazosin: a comparison of antihypertensive and biochemical effects. Marwood, JF; Mennie, BA; Stokes, GS, 1986)	0.62
" There was no evidence of a dose-response relationship for DOX; however, DOX serum levels were linearly related to the dose."	( Effect of doxazosin monotherapy on blood pressure and plasma lipids in patients with essential hypertension. Bloomfield, R; Cubeddu, LX; Halperin, A; Klotman, PE; Nelson, EB; Pickering, BI; Pool, JL; Wombolt, DG, 1988)	0.27
"The antihypertensive effects and steady-state pharmacokinetics of doxazosin, as well as the bioequivalence of four dosage forms, were studied in 25 hypertensive patients."	( Doxazosin in patients with hypertension. Conrad, KA; Fagan, TC; Falkner, FC; Lazar, JD; Lee, S; Mackie, MJ; Mayshar, PV; Souhrada, JF, 1988)	0.27
" 258, 5103-5109) but did not affect the dose-response curves for norepinephrine-induced Ca2+ mobilization and phosphorylase activation in these cells."	( Studies on the hepatic alpha 1-adrenergic receptor. Modulation of guanine nucleotide effects by calcium, temperature, and age. Blackmore, PF; Charest, R; Exton, JH; Lynch, CJ, 1985)	0.27
" These results show that the dose-response curve for the inhibitory effect of prazosin on Ca2+ overload is complex, and that adding prazosin coincident with the reperfusion of isolated ischaemic hearts does not attenuate Ca2+ gain."	( The protective effect of prazosin on the ischaemic and reperfused myocardium. Gordon, M; Nayler, WG; Stephens, DJ; Sturrock, WJ, 1985)	0.8
" After injection of 2 mg/kg haloperidol daily for 7 days, the dose-response curve to L-noradrenaline was displaced to the left, with lowering of the threshold and enhancement of the maximal response."	( Chronic haloperidol causes increase in salivary response and alpha 1-adrenoceptors in submandibular gland of the rat. De Robertis, E; De Stein, ML; Medina, JH; Pazo, JH; Tumilasci, OR, 1985)	0.27
" 6-hydroxydopamine (2 X 250 micrograms) there was a small increase in alpha 1-adrenoceptor binding sites but a parallel shift to the left in the noradrenaline [3H]inositol phosphate accumulation dose-response curve."	( Alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in rat cerebral cortex: relationship between receptor occupancy and response and effects of denervation. Brown, E; Kendall, DA; Nahorski, SR, 1985)	0.27
" Standardized dose-response curves demonstrated that the injured tissue was increasingly sensitive over time to norepinephrine and that this was more marked at physiologic levels of norepinephrine."	( Increased vascular contraction and sensitivity to norepinephrine after endothelial denudation is inhibited by prazosin. Cole, CW; Hagen, PO; McCann, RL; Mikat, EM; O'Malley, MK; Radic, ZS, 1986)	0.48
" Prazosin produced a parallel shift to the right of the norepinephrine, but not the histamine, dose-response curves indicating the presence of prazosin-sensitive alpha-adrenoceptors in this vessel."	( Evidence for functional alpha-adrenoceptors in rabbit basilar arteries. Bevan, JA; Laher, I, 1985)	1.18
" Prazosin caused a parallel shift to the right of the dose-response curve to phenylephrine."	( Pre- and postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors at sympathetic neuroeffector junction in bovine mesenteric lymphatics. Azuma, T; Ohhashi, T, 1986)	1.18
" After chronic withdrawal of TSH from the growth medium, the magnitude of the response to NE is considerably reduced; however, there is no substantial shift in the dose-response curve."	( Norepinephrine and thyroid-stimulating hormone induce inositol phosphate accumulation in FRTL-5 cells. Alling, DW; Bone, EA; Grollman, EF, 1986)	0.27
") and prazosin (5 mg orally) induced significant shifts to the right in the blood pressure dose-response curve of norepinephrine."	( A clinical approach for the identification of peripheral pre- and post-synaptic alpha-adrenergic receptors. Magometschnigg, D; Schütz, W, 1986)	0.75
"1% respectively; the dose-response curve for NE inhibitory action is described."	( Quantitative evaluation of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor modulation of [3H]choline release in guinea pig superior cervical ganglia. Belluzzi, O; Bonifazzi, C; Perri, V; Travagli, RA, 1987)	0.27
" Dose-response curves were constructed to noradrenaline (alpha 1/alpha 2), methoxamine (alpha 1-selective) and B-HT 920 (alpha 2-selective)."	( Characterization of post-junctional alpha-adrenoceptors in the rat isolated perfused femoral artery. Dyke, AC; Widdop, RE, 1987)	0.27
" Urotensin I diminished the maximum increase in perfusion pressure and shifted the log dose-response curves to the right for all three agonists."	( Differential antagonism of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor-mediated pressor responses by urotensin I, a selective mesenteric vasodilator peptide. Bolt, GR; Itoh, H; Lederis, K; MacCannell, KL, 1987)	0.27
" In isolated aortic rings the dose-response curve for (-)metaraminol was not parallel to that of (-)epinephrine, (-)norepinephrine or (-)phenylephrine."	( Heterogeneity of alpha 1 receptors associated with vascular smooth muscle: evidence from functional and ligand binding studies. Babich, M; Butler, BT; Pedigo, NW; Piascik, MT, 1987)	0.27
" Pretreatment of the rats with reserpine (5 mg/kg) did not produce any modification of the dose-response curve to dopamine."	( Relaxant effect of dopamine on the isolated rat uterus. Estañ, L; Martinez-Mir, I; Morales-Olivas, FJ; Rubio, E, 1988)	0.27
" A sufficient antihypertensive effect in them resulted from the use of drug therapy at higher dosage than in SSP."	( [Changes in the hemodynamics and cardiac function of hypertension patients on moderate limited consumption of table salt]. Bakhshaliev, AB; Gadzhiev, RF; Lan'shina, OE, 1988)	0.27
" The dose-response curves for norepinephrine and prazosin on glycogen synthase were well correlated with those on diacylglycerol."	( Regulation of hepatic glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase by calcium and diacylglycerol. Bouscarel, B; Exton, JH, 1986)	0.53
" Isolated rings (circular preparations) obtained from rat thoracic aortae responded to increasing concentrations of NE with dose-dependent tonic enhancement, not significantly affected by the presence of indomethacin (10(-6)M); whereas, preincubation with phentolamine (10(-6)M), yohimbine (10(-7)M) or prazosin (10(-8)M), shifted significantly to the right points of the positive inotropic dose-response curve for NE."	( Possible prostacyclin involvement on disparate tonic responses to "in vitro" norepinephrine in circular and in longitudinal preparations from rat thoracic aorta. Chaud, M; Franchi, AM; Gimeno, AL; Gimeno, MA, 1987)	0.45
"In a dose-response study of prazosin in 24 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon, the clinical effectiveness and side effects of 3, 6, and 12 mg prazosin administered daily were compared."	( Dose-response study of prazosin in Raynaud's phenomenon: clinical effectiveness versus side effects. Thien, T; Wollersheim, H, 1988)	0.88
" The QT interval (QTc) was significantly increased after 1 month's treatment: at 1 h after dosing 334 +/- 32 ms after 1 month of ketanserin compared with 302 +/- 31 ms after placebo."	( Acute and chronic ketanserin in essential hypertension: antihypertensive mechanisms and pharmacokinetics. Donnelly, R; Elliott, HL; Meredith, PA; Reid, JL, 1987)	0.27
"The effect of norepinephrine (NE) stimulation of near-term pregnant rabbit myometrium was studied by comparing cumulative dose-response curves for NE and NE with prazosin or indomethacin."	( Effects of prazosin and indomethacin on the alpha-adrenergic stimulation of rabbit myometrium. Barss, VA; Phillippe, M; Valles, L, 1988)	0.86
" Using the conventional sphygmomanometer, there were no significant differences in blood pressures for the patients as a whole between the measurements during once-daily dosage (measured approximately 24 hours after the last administration of drug) and those during twice-daily dosage (measured approximately 12 hours after the last administration); but for both methods of administration, blood pressures were significantly lower than pre-treatment values."	( Blood pressure monitoring for assessing the duration of action of antihypertensive treatment. Klein, RC; Tonkon, MJ; Weber, MA, 1987)	0.27
"01) were lower 15 hours after dosing during chronic prazosin therapy than before treatment, but changes after tilt and frusemide were not attenuated during treatment."	( The effect of chronic prazosin therapy on the response of the renin-angiotensin system in patients with essential hypertension. Fulton, JD; Leckie, BJ; Malatino, LS; McAreavey, D; Morton, JJ; Murray, GD; Robertson, JI; Webb, DJ, 1987)	0.84
" Treatment with PBZ resulted in biphasic dose-response curves to NE."	( Prazosin selectively antagonizes norepinephrine contractions at low-affinity, non-alpha adrenoceptor sites (extraceptors) in arterial muscle. Bevan, JA; Laher, I; Nishimura, S, 1986)	1.71
" A dose-response curve to NE, ANG II, and lysine vasopressin was also performed."	( Angiotensin II, vasopressin, and sympathetic activity in conscious rats with endotoxemia. Brunner, HR; Nussberger, J; Schaller, MD; Waeber, B, 1985)	0.27
"A linear dose-response curve was produced by the addition of ouabain (10(-8)-10(-6) M) to the media bathing segments of porcine right coronary arteries."	( Insurmountable antagonism of ouabain-induced coronary constriction by prazosin. Fairfax, CA; Tanz, RD, 1985)	0.5
" Dose-response curves were constructed correlating decreases in renal blood flow with doses of phenylephrine, clonidine, and guanabenz injected as boluses into renal arteries of anesthetized dogs."	( Renal alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor mediated vasoconstriction in dogs: comparison of phenylephrine, clonidine, and guanabenz. Buckalew, VM; Strandhoy, JW; Wolff, DW, 1984)	0.27
" Dose-response studies revealed that 5 microM-carbachol significantly increased (16%) the accumulation of InsP3 whereas a significant increase in accumulation of InsP2 and InsP was observed only at agonist concentrations greater than 10 microM."	( Carbachol causes rapid phosphodiesteratic cleavage of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and accumulation of inositol phosphates in rabbit iris smooth muscle; prazosin inhibits noradrenaline- and ionophore A23187-stimulated accumulation of inositol pho Abdel-Latif, AA; Akhtar, RA, 1984)	0.46
", n = 8) caused dose-dependent shifts to the right of the dose-response curve of intraarterial norepinephrine (NE) infusions."	( Sympathetic vasoconstriction sensitive to alpha 2-adrenergic receptor blockade. No evidence for preferential innervation of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in the canine femoral bed. Bassenge, E; Elsner, D; Holtz, J; Saeed, M; Sommer, O, )	0.13
" Then prazosin or yohimbine were administered intra-arterially and dose-response curves repeated."	( Renal alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor mediated vasoconstriction in dogs. Buckalew, VM; Strandhoy, JW; Wolff, DW, 1984)	0.75
" Only a few side-effects were reported and these occurred during the first 4 weeks whilst prazosin dosage was being adjusted."	( Combined antihypertensive therapy: vasodilatation using prazosin in combination with beta-adrenoceptor blockers and diuretics. Urban Waern, A, 1980)	0.73
" Prazosin (PRZ), a selective alpha 1-receptor blocker, inhibited preferentially the positive phase of the inotropic response and displaced the dose-response curve of PE to the right in nanomolar concentrations, indicating a competitive mechanism of inhibition."	( Competitive blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptors in rat heart by prazosin. Osnes, JB; Oye, I; Skomedal, T, 1980)	1.41
" Furthermore, at the end of the 52-day chronic dosing period tiodazosin caused appreciably less alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist activity than prazosin as assessed by the norepinephrine dose-pressor response profiles."	( Effects of tiodazosin, praxosin, trimazosin and phentolamine on blood pressure, heart rate and on pre- and postsynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptors in the rat. Buyniski, JP; Campbell, JA; Pircio, AW; Schurig, JE, 1980)	0.46
" The range of dosage varied widely and the side effects, although frequent, were not serious."	( Prazosin in general practice. Musgrove, JP, 1981)	1.71
" Atropine blocked the pressor responses to norepinephrine and shifted the dose-response curve for norepinephrine to the right to a similar extent in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats."	( Studies on the hypotensive response to atropine in hypertensive rats. Abraham, S; Cantor, EH; Spector, S, 1981)	0.26
" (2) The dose-response pattern exhibits a plateau phase, beyond which higher doses cause little further effect."	( Clinical, hemodynamic, and neuroendocrine effects of chronic prazosin therapy for congestive heart failure. Braunwald, E; Colucci, WS; Williams, GH, 1981)	0.5
" Clonidine followed by prazosin was added to their regimen on an outpatient basis to establish the dose-response for BP and catecholamines."	( Clonidine and prazosin effects in hypernoradrenergic vasodilator-treated and beta-blocker-treated patients. Mitchell, HC; Pettinger, WA, 1981)	0.93
" The order of affinity (pA2) for presynaptic alpha-receptors, as assessed from parallel shift of the dose-response curve to clonidine, was: phentolamine greater than yohimbine greater than tolazoline greater than E-643 greater than or equal to prazosin."	( Comparison of pre- and postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor blocking effects of E-643 in the isolated vas deferens of the rat. Shoji, T, 1981)	0.44
" Dose-response curves were constructed following increasing concentrations of prazosin."	( A pharmacological analysis of the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonism by prazosin in arteries and veins. Schulz, JC; Westfall, DP, 1982)	0.73
" The pharmacodynamic response was a dose-related fall in the systemic arterial pressure, both supine and standing; dose-response effects were most evident in the upright posture."	( The pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and haemodynamic effects of acute and chronic alpha-adrenoceptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Silke, B; Taylor, SH, 1981)	0.26
" The dose-response curve to guanfacine for increase in blood pressure was shifted in a parallel fashion to the right by 1 mg/kg of yohimbine, an alpha 2-antagonist and by 1 mg/kg of phentolamine, a nonselective alpha 1- and alpha 2-antagonist."	( [Effects of guanfacine on pre- and postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors studied in comparison with those of clonidine]. Chin, W; Imai, S; Nakagawa, Y, 1982)	0.26
" Lacking an intravenous dosage form for use in human subjects, our study concentrated on the determination of the bioavailability and disposition parameters of tiodazosin in dogs, with a comparison to those parameters for prazosin, obtained from previous work in our laboratory."	( The bioavailability and disposition of tiodazosin levulinate in beagle dogs with a comparison to prazosin hydrochloride. Baughman, RA; Benet, LZ; Mico, BA, )	0.53
"0 mg/kg) resulted in a 3-10-fold shift to the right in the clonidine dose-response curve."	( Effects of clonidine on operant behavior and electric shock titration in the squirrel monkey: effects of alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonism. McKearney, JW, 1983)	0.27
"beta-Blocked pithed rats were used to obtained dose-response curves (blood-pressure increase) for 13 various alpha-adrenoceptor agonists of clinical and theoretical interest, in the absence and in the presence of the selective antagonists rauwolscine (alpha 2) and prazosin (alpha 1)."	( alpha 1/alpha 2 Selectivity ratio in a series of agonists and their relation to pre/postsynaptic activity ratios. Kobinger, W; Pichler, L, 1983)	0.44
"alpha-Adrenoceptor antagonists have been compared for their effects on dose-response curves of fast and slow components of contraction of the rat aorta to noradrenaline (NA)."	( Non-competitive antagonism of the alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated fast component of contraction of rat aorta, by doxazosin and prazosin. Downing, OA; Wilson, KA; Wilson, VG, 1983)	0.47
"6 mg/kg) shifted the norepinephrine pressor dose-response curve to the right but were ineffective in alpha 2-blocked animals."	( Interference of calcium entry blockade in vivo with pressor responses to alpha-adrenergic stimulation: effects of two unrelated blockers on responses to both exogenous and endogenously released norepinephrine. Pedrinelli, R; Tarazi, RC, 1984)	0.27
" Shifts in the (-)-noradrenaline dose-response curve produced by BE2254 and prazosin were parallel and there was no significant effect on the observed maximal response."	( Competitive antagonism of alpha 1-adrenoceptor mediated pressor responses in the rat mesenteric artery. Coupar, IM; McPherson, GA; Taylor, DA, 1984)	0.5
" The dose-response curve for alpha-methylnorepinephrine in the presence of prazosin, using Hofstee's plots, revealed alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors, respective proportions being 80."	( Postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors. Alpha 1 and alpha 2 subtypes in rat vasculature in vitro and in vivo. Decker, N; Ehrhardt, JD; Leclerc, G; Schwartz, J, 1984)	0.5
" Prazosin (10(-8) M-10(-6) M, alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist) produced a rightward shift of the phenylephrine and clonidine dose-response curve in both the trigone and urethra."	( Alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the smooth muscle of isolated rabbit urinary bladder and urethra. Satake, N; Shibata, S; Ueda, S, 1984)	1.18
" Alpha-blockade was confirmed by alpha-agonist dose-response studies."	( Effect of alpha-adrenergic blockade on arrhythmias induced by acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in the dog. Bolli, R; Fisher, DJ; Miller, RR; Taylor, AA; Young, JB, 1984)	0.27
" A clear dose-response effect of the drug on both variables only became apparent during standing, when there was a significant correlation between dose, the postural fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the increase in heart rate."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with prazosin in chronic heart failure. Lakhani, ZM; Silke, B; Taylor, SH, )	0.39
" During chronic oral dosing (3--21 days), tolerance developed and blood pressure returned to base-line pretreatment levels."	( Changes in alpha-adrenoceptors during long-term treatment of rabbits with prazosin. Hamilton, CA; Reid, JL, )	0.36
" An equihypotensive dosage of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking agent prazosin (1."	( Alpha-adrenoceptor blockade by phentolamine causes beta-adrenergic vasodilation by increased catecholamine release due to presynaptic alpha-blockade. Bassenge, E; Holtz, J; Saeed, M; Sommer, O, )	0.37
" Following the intravenous infusion of increasing doses of phenylephrine, log dose-response curves were deprived, and the dose required to raise mean arterial pressure by 20 mm Hg (PD20) was compared."	( Effect of age on the responsiveness of vascular alpha-adrenoceptors in man. Elliott, HL; McLean, K; Reid, JL; Sumner, DJ, )	0.13
"Prior to the introduction of an intravenous dosage form for use in humans, prazosin pharmacokinetic studies emphasizing clearance, hepatic extraction, and bioavailability were carried out in dogs."	( Dose-dependent bioavailability of prazosin in beagle dogs. Baughman, RA; Benet, LZ; Mico, BA; Sorgel, F, )	0.64
"We recorded intra-arterial ambulatory blood pressure in 13 patients with essential hypertension before and after long-term twice-daily prazosin therapy (mean dosage 13."	( Prazosin alone and combined with a beta-adrenoreceptor blocker in treatment of hypertension. Cashman, PM; Gould, BA; Hornung, RS; Kieso, HA; Raftery, EB, )	1.78
"(1) When incremental infusions of drugs that increase blood pressure are given to human subjects to assess "pressor responsiveness," only the lower part of the sigmoid dose-response curve can be obtained."	( Analysis of the pressor dose response. Elliott, HL; Reid, JL; Sumner, DJ, 1982)	0.26
"The effect of oral prazosin on blood pressure and antagonism of phenylephrine-induce blood pressure increase was investigated in six healthy subjects during a dosing interval after the first dose and 3 days after the first dose of the drug."	( Alpha-receptor function changes after the first dose of prazosin. Lindström, B; Seideman, P; von Bahr, C, 1982)	0.84
" Preincubation of rat aortic strips with both derivatives produced non-parallel rightward shifts in the dose-response curves of noradrenaline and significantly depressed the maximum response in a manner characteristic of irreversible receptor antagonists."	( Study of two alkylating derivatives: the p-isothiocyanato- and the p-methylisothiocyanato-clonidine. Decker, N; Leclerc, G; Quennedey, MC; Rouot, B; Schwartz, J, 1983)	0.27
" Vasodilators are active within a fairly wide dosage range, making individualized dosages requisite."	( [Antihypertensive vasodilators]. Plouin, PF, 1983)	0.27
" Prazosin caused a parallel shift to the right of the dose-response curve to phenylephrine, and not to clonidine in the vessels."	( [Characteristics of alpha adrenoceptors of lymphatics and their physiological significance]. Azuma, T; Ohhashi, T, 1983)	1.18
" Dosages were titrated until the patient showed a sitting diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mm Hg or to a maximum dosage of 100 mg/day of hydrochlorothiazide, 320 mg of propranolol and 20 mg of prazosin."	( Monotherapy in mild to moderate hypertension: comparison of hydrochlorothiazide, propranolol and prazosin. Benowitz, N; Inouye, I; Loge, D; Massie, B; Simpson, P; Topic, N, 1984)	0.67
" All three alpha antagonists employed produced in innervated glands parallel displacements of the dose-response curves to norepinephrine, prazosin being 30 and 100 times more potent than phentolamine and yohimbine, respectively."	( Alpha-1 adrenoceptors mediate secretory responses to norepinephrine in innervated and denervated rat submaxillary glands. Elverdin, JC; Luchelli-Fortis, MA; Perec, CJ; Stefano, FJ, 1984)	0.47
" In rat mesenteric artery, the pA2 value for yohimbine against clonidine was not statistically different from values obtained with the other agonists; however, in the presence of prazosin the dose-response curve to clonidine was biphasic, suggesting that the action of clonidine is mediated through two distinct sites to which prazosin has different affinities."	( Pharmacological characterization of the postsynaptic alpha adrenoceptors in vascular smooth muscle from canine and rat mesenteric vascular beds. Agrawal, DK; Daniel, EE; Triggle, CR, 1984)	0.46
" Conventional measurements of maximum isometric force and dose-response relations for l-phenylephrine in strips of ascending aorta in vitro were followed by radioligand studies on homogenates made from the same strips."	( Relation between alpha adrenergic receptor occupation and contractile response: radioligand and physiologic studies in canine aorta. Griendling, KK; Milnor, WR; Rusher, MM; Sastre, A, 1984)	0.27
" Full PH dose-response curves for standard antihypertensive drugs were explored and were compared to their hypotensive dose-response curves."	( Antihypertensive drugs: their postural hypotensive effect and their blood pressure lowering activity in conscious normotensive rats. Carver, LA; Lee, CH; Strosberg, AM, 1983)	0.27
" The beta 1,2 antagonist employed in the test decreased the contrast dosage by 13 per cent, causing the LD50."	( Diazepam, alpha and beta neurotransmission modifying drugs and contrast media mortality in mice. Johansson, G; Luostarinen, M; Virkkunen, P, 1984)	0.27
" Dosage was adjusted to individual needs and a striking feature of the results was the decreasing dose requirement, a trend which was most marked after 2 years of treatment."	( Prazosin ('Peripress'): a long-term study. Melkild, A, 1984)	1.71
" When administered daily for 1 month at dosages of 0, 10, 40 or 150 mg/kg/day, the no-toxic-effect dosage was 40 mg/kg/day."	( Terazosin: intravenous safety evaluation in rats. Cusick, PK; Fort, FL; Heyman, IA; Kesterson, JW; Majors, K; Tekeli, S, 1984)	0.27
" Long-term dosage requirements were predicted by the blood pressure response to a single 1-mg oral dose."	( Pheochromocytoma and prazosin. Artusio, J; Kleinert, HD; Laragh, JH; Lopez-Overjero, JA; Nicholson, JP; Pickering, TG; Resnick, LM; Vaughn, ED, 1983)	0.58
") was administered at 30 min intervals on four experimental days: no pretreatment; after prazosin 1 mg/kg and infusion; after pharmacological 'total' autonomic effector block (TAB) and with repeated three point methoxamine dose-response lines."	( Haemodynamic response to ketanserin in rabbits with Page hypertension: comparison with prazosin. Angus, JA; Wright, CE, 1983)	0.71
" If patients failed to respond adequately at this dosage level, prazosin (0."	( Timolol/bendrofluazide combination ('Prestim') in the treatment of poorly controlled hypertensive patients in general practice. Douglas-Jones, AP, 1984)	0.51
" Although more investigation is needed to define prazosin kinetics in congestive heart failure and chronic renal failure, the available information about prolongation of elimination half-life, decreased protein binding and increased peak plasma concentrations suggest that prazosin dosage should be titrated cautiously in such patients."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of prazosin. Jaillon, P, )	0.68
") there was a parallel shift to the right of the dose-response curve of R 28935 (v."	( Centrally induced impairment of the hypotensive effects of R 28935 and R 29814 by prazosin in anaesthetized cats. Timmermans, PB; Van Zwieten, PA, 1980)	0.49
" The dosage was increased, as necessary, by 1 tablet every 2 weeks to a maximum of 4 tablets daily to provide an adequate blood pressure response."	( Treatment of Essential hypertension with single daily doses of a prazosin-polythiazide combination: a multicentre study with Minizide. Gordon, AJ; Woeltjen, AE, 1981)	0.5
" It is concluded that the drug combination, Minizide, is effective and well tolerated as initial and long-term therapy in hypertension and that the convenient dosage regimen will lead to enhanced treatment compliance for this chronic condition."	( Sustained antihypertensive response with Minizide: long-term follow-up in a multicentre study. Gordon, AJ; Woeltjen, AE, 1981)	0.26
" 5 It was concluded that reduced venous return to the heart, due to significant suppression of sympathetically mediated venoconstriction by small initial oral dosage of prazosin, contributes to the pathophysiology of the orthostatic hypotension and faintness, described as the 'first-dose phenomenon'."	( The effect of a single oral dose of prazosin on venous reflex response, blood pressure and pulse rate in normal volunteers. Betts, WH; Schapel, GJ, 1981)	0.73
" Effect on blood pressure was significantly better at the dosage range of 3 to 8 mg/day than at higher doses of 9 to 20 mg/day."	( Prazosin kinetics and effectiveness in renal failure. Affrime, MB; Hobbs, D; Lowenthal, DT; Martinez, EW; Onesti, G; Twomey, TM, 1980)	1.7
"The effects of N,N'-bis-(O-methoxybenzylaminohexyl)-cystamine tetrahydrochloride (BHC), 2-brom-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (BOL) and prazosin on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) dose-response curves in rabbit ear artery and thoracic aorta were determined."	( Receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine in rabbit isolated ear artery and aorta. Hurlbut, DE; Purdy, RE; Rains, LA, 1981)	0.47
"Terazosin or placebo once daily, with terazosin dosage titrated to the patient's response."	( Terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Terazosin Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Study Group. Adams, G; Brawer, MK; Epstein, H, 1993)	0.29
" Dosage was started at 1 mg/d and increased as tolerated to 2, 5, and 10 mg/d over the test period."	( Effect of terazosin on urine storage and voiding in the aging male with prostatism. Bottaccini, MR; Gleason, DM, 1994)	0.29
" Doxazosin has the advantage of more convenient dosing (once daily) and unlike prazosin it does not produce orthostatic blood pressure falls; it is less toxic and better tolerated."	( Doxazosin--an alpha-1 receptor blocking agent in the long-term management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (Part One). Dutkiewicz, S; Witeska, A, 1995)	0.52
" alpha-Adrenoceptor blockade by dopexamine and fenoldopam was confirmed by the parallel displacement of dose-response curves for the vasopressor responses to noradrenaline."	( Renal vasodilatation by dopexamine and fenoldopam due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Broadley, KJ; Martin, SW, 1995)	0.29
" Terazosin is generally well tolerated, but caution is recommended at treatment initiation and when dosage adjustments are made due to an increased risk of postural hypotension and related adverse effects at these times; such a risk has also been observed with several other alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists."	( Terazosin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Fitton, A; Sorkin, EM; Wilde, MI, )	0.13
" However, vasoconstriction due to clonidine post-ENDT even at maximal dosage (10(-3) M), was greatly attenuated in all four branching orders as in group II."	( Attenuation of arteriolar alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivity during endotoxemia. Baker, CH; Nessellroth, S; Ortiz-Tweed, M; Price, JM; Sutton, ET, 1994)	0.29
" Next, we determined norepinephrine dose-response relations before and after prazosin, yohimbine, and benextramine."	( Effects of maturation on alpha-adrenergic receptor affinity and occupancy in small cerebral arteries. Elliott, SR; Pearce, WJ, 1994)	0.52
" The effects of drugs on IGP, IDP, and ICP (increase or decrease) can be assessed and a dose-response curve before and after antagonists can be computed."	( A method for simultaneous measurement of intragastric, intraduodenal, and intracolonic pressures in the bilaterally vagotomized spinal rat. Dhasmana, KM; Erdmann, W; Zhu, YN, 1994)	0.29
" The dose-response curves to both clonidine and UK-14304 in the presence of YM-12617 did not differ significantly from control responses."	( Sympathetic innervation and alpha-adrenoceptor profile of blood vessels in the posterior region of the rabbit knee joint. Ferrell, WR; Najafipour, H, 1993)	0.29
" The dose-response curve for phenylephrine-induced increases in mesenteric or hindlimb vascular resistance was shifted only 2- to 10-fold to the right by CEC."	( The regulation of regional hemodynamics by alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtypes in the conscious rat. Barron, KW; Piascik, MT; Smith, MS; Soltis, EE, 1993)	0.29
" Although extrapolation to multiple dosing situations is difficult, this study demonstrates the potential suitability of prazosin GITS for once daily administrations."	( Pharmacokinetics of prazosin administered as gastro-intestinal-therapeutic-systems to 24 healthy volunteers. Brisson, AM; Couet, W; Fourtillan, JB, )	0.66
"In this pilot study, the effect of dosing schedule on the efficacy and safety of the long-acting alpha 1-adrenergic blockers, terazosin (TER) and doxazosin (DOX), was evaluated in 43 consecutive normotensive men (mean age 59."	( Terazosin and doxazosin in normotensive men with symptomatic prostatism: a pilot study to determine the effect of dosing regimen on efficacy and safety. Kaplan, SA; Olsson, CA; Soldo, KA, 1995)	0.29
" Dose-response studies demonstrate a higher potency and intrinsic activity of phenethylamines for polyphosphoinositide turnover but not for arachidonic acid release."	( Constitutive activation of a single effector pathway: evidence for multiple activation states of a G protein-coupled receptor. Brown, F; Gaivin, R; Graham, RM; Hwa, J; Mathur, M; Perez, DM, 1996)	0.29
" The dose-response relationship for isoprenaline and the Cl- current activation was shifted to higher doses in the presence of phenylephrine (30 microM)."	( alpha-Adrenergic inhibition of the beta-adrenoceptor-dependent chloride current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. Ehara, T; Hirahara, K; Iyadomi, I, 1995)	0.29
" The dosage was gradually increased to 1-2 mg twice daily, depending upon patient tolerance and a minimum acceptable systolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg."	( Efficacy and safety of terazosin to improve voiding in spinal cord injury patients. Perkash, I, 1995)	0.29
" The fentanyl dose-response curve was unchanged by opioid receptor blockade with 10(-6)M naloxone and by alpha and beta adrenoceptor blockade produced by 10(-6)M prazosin and 10(-6)M propranolol."	( Direct effects of fentanyl on canine coronary artery rings. Bridges, MT; Grover, TE; Introna, RP; Pruett, JK; Yodlowski, EH, 1995)	0.49
" The dose-response curve was of an inverted U shape since with 10 micrograms of oxymetazoline the plasma GH did not rise."	( Hypothalamic alpha 2A-adrenoceptors stimulate growth hormone release in the rat. Kiem, DT; Makara, GB; Vizi, ES, 1995)	0.29
" Terazosin, an alpha 1-adrenergic blocking agent, was given initially at the dosage of 1 mg daily."	( Terazosin: ex vivo and in vitro platelet aggregation effects in patients with arterial hypertension. Angeli-Greaves, M; Armas Padilla, MC; Armas-Hernández, MJ; Carvajal, AR; Guerrero Pajuelo, J; Hernández Hernández, R, 1996)	0.29
" This RRA proved to be applicable to the monitoring of plasma prazosin levels in patients with essential hypertension and/or benign prostatic hypertrophy receiving therapy with this drug with the therapeutic dosage schedule."	( Determination of alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists in plasma by radioreceptor assay. Kawabe, K; Kimura, R; Ohkura, T; Suzuki, M; Tanaka, C; Yamada, S, 1996)	0.53
"3 mM), at approximately twice the equimolar dosage of cocaine, produced apneustic breathing that was indistinguishable from that produced by cocaine."	( Cardiorespiratory effects of cocaine and procaine at the ventral brainstem. Dehkordi, O; Dennis, GC; Millis, RM; Trouth, CO, 1996)	0.29
" The parallelism of the dose-response curves indicates activation of a common receptor subtype."	( alpha-Adrenoceptor and opioid receptor modulation of clonidine-induced antinociception. Miranda, HF; Naquira, D; Pinardi, G; Sierralta, F, 1996)	0.29
" Prazosin (10(-8) M - 10(-5) M) displaced agonist dose-response curves to the right."	( Characterization of alpha-adrenoceptor subtype(s) mediating vasoconstriction in the perfused rabbit ovarian vascular bed. Oriowo, MA; Williams, KI; Yousif, M, 1996)	1.2
") pretreatment with the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, prazosin, caused the dose-response curve for the effect of gamma 2-MSH on MAP to shift to the right with a decrease in slope, whereas it had no effect on the dose-response curve for the effect on HR."	( Influence of blockade of alpha 1-adrenoceptors, beta 1-adrenoceptors and vasopressin V1A receptors on the cardiovascular effects of gamma 2-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (gamma 2-MSH). De Wildt, DJ; De Winter, TY; Van Bergen, P; Versteeg, DH, 1997)	0.54
" Males were dosed (s."	( Effect of prazosin on sperm transport in male rats. Ippolito, DL; Solomon, HM; Toscano, TV; Wier, PJ, )	0.53
"The purpose of this study was to determine the potency and selectivity of the alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist terazosin based on relationships between plasma concentrations and blockade of intraurethral pressure (IUP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses after single dosing and to determine cumulative effects after repeated dosing."	( Relationships between pharmacokinetics and blockade of agonist-induced prostatic intraurethral pressure and mean arterial pressure in the conscious dog after single and repeated daily oral administration of terazosin. Brune, ME; Hancock, AA; Katwala, SP; Kerwin, JF; Milicic, I; Witte, DG, 1997)	0.3
" This retrospective analysis evaluated dosing regimens and drug acquisition costs for 101 patients identified from medical records in a large metropolitan hospital as having hypertension and/or benign prostatic hyperplasia and receiving alpha-blocker therapy with either doxazosin or terazosin."	( Trends in alpha-blocker treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension: dosing regimens and cost comparisons. Raymond, JL; Smith, CS, )	0.13
" Twenty-eight men (78%) were on other anti-hypertensive medication; the type and dosage were not changed during the study."	( The treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with alpha blockers in men over the age of 80 years. Ikeguchi, E; Kaplan, SA; Santarosa, RP; Te, AE, 1997)	0.3
" In contrast, the alpha2-adrenergic receptor antagonist 10(-7) M yohimbine and the alpha1-adrenergic receptor antagonist 10(-9) and 10(-8) M prazosin caused a significant shift in the dose-response curve."	( Alpha1A-adrenergic receptors mediate vasoconstriction of the isolated spiral modiolar artery in vitro. Dang, H; Gruber, DD; Scofield, MA; Shimozono, M; Wangemann, P, 1998)	0.5
"Once-daily dosing of TAM after breakfast at a fixed dose level (0."	( A double-blind comparison of terazosin and tamsulosin on their differential effects on ambulatory blood pressure and nocturnal orthostatic stress testing. de Mey, C; McEwen, J; Michel, MC; Moreland, T, 1998)	0.3
" Dose-response curves for NE-induced perfusion pressure, VO2, and lactate production in SHR were shifted to the left compared with WKY."	( Altered muscle metabolism associated with vasoconstriction in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Colquhoun, EQ; Ye, JM, 1998)	0.3
" Apparent rate constants for methoxamine binding and unbinding gave Kd values in agreement with EC50 values measured from dose-response relations."	( Non-specific action of methoxamine on Ito, and the cloned channels hKv 1.5 and Kv 4.2. Fedida, D; Li, Q; Parker, C, 1999)	0.3
" The present study examined whether inactivation of alpha1-adrenoceptors in the BLA would alter the dose-response effects on memory storage of intra-BLA infusions of a beta-adrenoceptor agonist, as well as that of a synthetic cAMP analog."	( Basolateral amygdala noradrenergic influences on memory storage are mediated by an interaction between beta- and alpha1-adrenoceptors. Ferry, B; McGaugh, JL; Roozendaal, B, 1999)	0.3
" The maximal effect of the dose-response curve for Expar was prevented by the alpha1-adrenergic blocking agent prazosin at 10 nM and 30 nM concentration dependently."	( Sympathomimetic effects of Parquetina nigrescens (Periplocaceae) extract in isolated portal vein smooth muscle. Datté, JY; Tillement, JP; Ziegler, A, 1999)	0.51
" The additional presence of prazosin (1 mg kg(-1)) further shifted the dose-response curves for both noradrenaline and adrenaline to the right."	( In vivo demonstration of alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated positive inotropy in pithed rats: evidence that noradrenaline does not stimulate myocardial alpha-adrenoceptors. Broadley, KJ; Roach, AG; Williamson, KL, 1999)	0.6
"We investigated the dose-response effects of phenylephrine and antagonistic effects of prazosin on axial movement of the rat incisor and arterial blood pressure."	( Effects of phenylephrine and prazosin on axial movement of the rat incisor and arterial blood pressure. Ohyama, N; Yamaguchi, S, 1999)	0.82
"075 mg/kg trained animals clozapine at 3 mg/kg failed to shift the MK-801 dose-response curve to the right."	( Does MK-801 discrimination constitute an animal model of schizophrenia useful for detecting atypical antipsychotics? Boyer-Millar, C; Goudie, AJ; Smith, JA, 1999)	0.3
" After a one-week titration phase, terazosin was administered for 4 weeks at the dosage of 5 mg per day as a single dose in the evening at bedtime."	( [Patterns of use of terazosine in current medical practice in ambulatory patients with obstructive and irritative obstructive disorders of urination]. Boumendil, O; Reitz, C; Rossi, D; Serment, G, 2000)	0.31
"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study was conducted to describe the dose-response curve for terazosin on blood pressure."	( The relationship between terazosin dose and blood pressure response in hypertensive patients. Achari, R; Bonacci, E; Hosmane, B; O'Dea, R, 2000)	0.31
" This study used a within-subject, dose-response design to determine whether prazosin (PRAZ), an alpha1-NA antagonist, or propranolol (PROP), a beta-NA antagonist, would continue to reinstate hemiplegia over time after recovery from weight-drop traumatic brain injury (TBI)."	( Enduring vulnerability to transient reinstatement of hemiplegia by prazosin after traumatic brain injury. Feeney, DM; Stibick, DL, 2001)	0.78
" Dose-response curves were obtained for the antinociceptive effect of diclofenac, phenylephrine, clonidine, desipramine, prazosin, and yohimbine administered both systemically and intrathecally, and ED(50)s were calculated."	( An isobolographic analysis of the adrenergic modulation of diclofenac antinociception. Miranda, HF; Pinardi, G; Sierralta, F, 2001)	0.52
" Dose-response curves were obtained for systemic and intrathecal antinociceptive effects of ketoprofen, phenylephrine, clonidine, desipramine, and prazosin; and ED50 were calculated."	( Interaction between the antinociceptive effect of ketoprofen and adrenergic modulatory systems. Miranda, HF; Pinardi, G; Sierralta, F, 2001)	0.51
" The present studies show that the inhibition of memory by high doses of noradrenaline is mimicked by the alpha1-AR agonist methoxamine, and the dose-response curve is shifted to the right by pretreatment with the alpha1-AR antagonist prazosin."	( Stimulation of alpha1-adrenoceptors inhibits memory consolidation in the chick. Gibbs, ME; Summers, RJ, 2001)	0.49
" The competitive alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists produced dextral shifts of the dose-response curves to NA in longitudinal and circular muscle."	( Discrimination by SZL49 between contractions evoked by noradrenaline in longitudinal and circular muscle of human vas deferens. Amobi, NI; Guillebaud, J; Kaisary, AV; Smith, IC; Turner, E, 2002)	0.31
"Specific agents, such as alpha-adrenoblockers, in low dosage may be effective in women with urinary tract disorders in case of careful and comprehensive evaluation of functional BOO."	( [Use of alpha1-adrenergic blockaders in voiding disorders in women]. Egorov, AA; Romikh, VV; Sivkov, AV, )	0.13
" Further study of selective alpha-1 antagonists in dogs is needed to determine appropriate oral dosing protocols that will produce maximal urethral effects with minimal hemodynamic effects, and to demonstrate clinical efficacy in dogs with functional urethral obstruction."	( Urethral pressure profile and hemodynamic effects of phenoxybenzamine and prazosin in non-sedated male beagle dogs. Cribb, AE; Fischer, JR; Lane, IF, 2003)	0.55
" Administration of both non-selective and selective alpha-adrenoceptor agonists in doses of 1-40 microg noradrenaline kg(-1) body weight (BW), 1-100 microg clonidine kg(-1) BW, or 100-800 mg methoxamine kg(-1) BW enhanced contractions of the proximal cauda epididymidis in a dose-response manner."	( Mediation of contraction in rat cauda epididymidis by alpha-adrenoceptors. Chaturapanich, G; Maythaarttaphong, S; Pholpramool, C; Verawatnapakul, V, 2002)	0.31
" Cumulative dose-response curve of methoxamine was constructed to determine the peroxidase secretion by glands from proestrous, estrous, metestrous and diestrous rats."	( Hormonal influence on expression and functionality of alpha1-adrenoceptor in rat submandibular gland. Anesini, C; Borda, E, 2003)	0.32
" The improvement of lipid metabolism was related to the dosage of terazosin but not to antihypertensive effects of terazosin."	( Effect of terazosin on blood pressure and serum lipids. Cheng, L; Gong, P; Lu, Z; Tang, J; Zeng, F; Zhang, J, 1999)	0.3
" Three decision trees for solid oral dosage forms or liquid suspensions are provided for evaluating when and how polymorphs of drug substances should be monitored and controlled in ANDA submissions."	( Regulatory considerations of pharmaceutical solid polymorphism in Abbreviated New Drug Applications (ANDAs). Adams, RC; Furness, MS; Gill, DS; Holcombe, FO; Raw, AS; Yu, LX, 2004)	0.32
" Prazosin caused an average of 16 mm Hg depression in MAP, and it only slightly potentiated the hypotensive effects of bolus doses of NTG both after acute dosing and during continuous infusion."	( Prazosin potentiates the acute hypotensive effects of nitroglycerin but does not attenuate nitrate tolerance in normal conscious rats. Fung, HL; Wang, EQ, 2004)	2.68
" Higher rates of twice-daily (or 2 units per day) dosing are associated with higher incremental cost-effectiveness ratios."	( Cost-effectiveness of tamsulosin, doxazosin, and terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Chrischilles, EA; Klein, RW; Kreder, KJ; Ohsfeldt, RL, )	0.13
"Initially a dose-response curve of phenylephrine was constructed at dose strengths of 1-16 microg/kg in a cumulative manner."	( Effects of alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist, terazosin, on cardiovascular functions in anaesthetised dogs. Ahuja, VM; Fahim, M; Sharma, R, 2004)	0.32
" The first 7-year old boy however developed some dizziness when the dose of terazosine was increased to 2 mg (after 4 weeks of administrating 1 mg), and this disappeared immediately when the dosage was reduced back to 1 mg daily."	( The use and rationale of selective alpha blockade in children with non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Beckers, G; Bogaert, G; Lombaerts, R, )	0.13
" Meanwhile the number of pain episodes, analgesic dosage and the number of days for spontaneous passage of the calculi through the ureter were also recorded."	( The comparison and efficacy of 3 different alpha1-adrenergic blockers for distal ureteral stones. Basar, H; Basar, MM; Batislam, E; Ferhat, M; Tuglu, D; Yilmaz, E, 2005)	0.33
" Dose-response curves for the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine were generated in the absence and presence of fentanyl."	( Fentanyl attenuates alpha1B-adrenoceptor-mediated pulmonary artery contraction. Ding, X; McCune, DF; Murray, PA; Perez, DM; Sohn, JT, 2005)	0.33
" The potential salt form would ideally decrease the rate of (SBE)7M-beta-CD release from osmotic pump formulations and result in an increase in the rate and extent of drug release in osmotic pump tablet and pellet dosage forms."	( Evaluation of various properties of alternative salt forms of sulfobutylether-beta-cyclodextrin, (SBE)7M-beta-CD. Haslam, JL; Sotthivirat, S; Stella, VJ, 2007)	0.34
"0 mg/kg d-amphetamine sulfate, and this dosing regimen induced head movements with a rhythm near 10 Hz."	( Clozapine and prazosin slow the rhythm of head movements during focused stereotypy induced by d-amphetamine in rats. Fowler, SC; Pinkston, JW; Vorontsova, E, 2007)	0.7
" In contrast, however, the results obtained from norepinephrine dose-response curves for EBA and ABA vascular rings in vitro did not provide evidence for loss of function of branchial artery alpha(1)-ARs in the salt-fed fish."	( The effects of salt-induced hypertension on alpha1-adrenoreceptor expression and cardiovascular physiology in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Chen, X; Dombkowski, RA; Moon, TW; Olson, KR; Perry, SF, 2007)	0.34
" In conclusion, the prediction of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor occupancy in the human prostate by alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists may provide the rationale for the optimum dosage regimen of these drugs in the therapy of BPH."	( Prediction of alpha1-adrenoceptor occupancy in the human prostate from plasma concentrations of silodosin, tamsulosin and terazosin to treat urinary obstruction in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Kagawa, Y; Kato, Y; Kawabe, K; Okura, T; Yamada, S, 2007)	0.34
" All treatments were given by mouth once daily (bedtime) at an initial dosage of 2 mg/d for the first 2 weeks."	( Effects of branded versus generic terazosin hydrochloride in adults with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, open-label, crossover study in Taiwan. Lan, SK; Ou, JH; Tsai, YS; Tzai, TS, 2007)	0.34
" At 10(-7) M of ST-91, the antagonism was characterized by a rightward shift of isoproterenol dose-response curve (A50=6."	( alpha2B-adrenoceptor agonist ST-91 antagonizes beta2-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation in rat mesenteric artery rings. Gyires, K; Kató, E; Lipták, L; Mátyus, P; Rónai, AZ; Shujaa, N, 2008)	0.35
" Dose-response curves were constructed for NE with and without the addition of the alpha-adrenergic antagonist prazosin, EPI (after 20%-30% preconstruction with the thromboxane analog U46619) with and without the addition of the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, and NE in the presence of 10(-8) M EPI."	( The effect of maternal catecholamines on the caliber of gravid uterine microvessels. Segal, S; Wang, SY, 2008)	0.56
" Mean analgesic dosage per patient in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 231, 256, and 347 mg, respectively."	( Efficacy of an alpha1 blocker in expulsive therapy of lower ureteral stones. Chang, CH; Huang, SW; Wang, CJ, 2008)	0.35
" Although prazosin (10 microg/kg/min) markedly shifted the phenylephrine (alpha(1)-agonist) dose-response curve to the right, it did not have any effect on clofilium-induced prolongation of QTc and MAPD(90) (43 +/- 7 and 53 +/- 9%, respectively) or the occurrence of TdP (seven of eight)."	( Antitorsadogenic effects of ({+/-})-N-(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-(4[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]-1-piperazine (ranolazine) in anesthetized rabbits. Belardinelli, L; Dhalla, AK; Robertson, C; Wang, WQ, 2008)	0.75
" The doses used in this study are in lower and nontoxic anticancer dosage range, suggesting this combination has potential for therapeutic use."	( Combined effects of terazosin and genistein on a metastatic, hormone-independent human prostate cancer cell line. Chang, KL; Cheng, HL; Chih, TT; Hsieh, BS; Hu, YC; Huang, LW; Shyu, HW; Su, SJ, 2009)	0.35
" The number of colic episodes, lower urinary tract symptoms, analgesic dosage and days for spontaneous passage of the stones through the ureter were recorded by diary."	( Adjunctive medical therapy with an alpha-1A-specific blocker after shock wave lithotripsy of lower ureteral stones. Chang, CH; Huang, SW; Wang, CJ, 2009)	0.35
"Administration of an alpha-1A-specific blocker reduced analgesic dosage and colic episodes after SWL of lower ureteral stones."	( Adjunctive medical therapy with an alpha-1A-specific blocker after shock wave lithotripsy of lower ureteral stones. Chang, CH; Huang, SW; Wang, CJ, 2009)	0.35
" Medication was initiated at 1 mg/day and increased up to 6 mg/day using a flexible dosing algorithm."	( Prazosin for the treatment of behavioral symptoms in patients with Alzheimer disease with agitation and aggression. Hart, KL; Hoff, DJ; McFall, YH; Peskind, ER; Raskind, MA; Rohde, K; Shofer, JB; Wang, LY, 2009)	1.8
"Outcomes evaluated were peak nasal inspiratory flow, nasal resistance, blood flow, and oxymetazoline dose-response curve (DRC)."	( Fluticasone reverses oxymetazoline-induced tachyphylaxis of response and rebound congestion. Clearie, K; Khan, F; Lipworth, B; Vaidyanathan, S; Williamson, P, 2010)	0.36
" However, prazosin did not have nicotine-like discriminative effects and did not alter the dose-response curve for nicotine discrimination."	( Noradrenergic alpha1 receptors as a novel target for the treatment of nicotine addiction. Forget, B; Goldberg, SR; Le Foll, B; Mascia, P; Pushparaj, A; Wertheim, C, 2010)	0.76
" Nine weeks after providing sleep counseling and initiating an increasing dosage schedule of prazosin at bedtime, 65 veterans reported restful sleep."	( Improving sleep: initial headache treatment in OIF/OEF veterans with blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury. Ruff, RL; Ruff, SS; Wang, XF, 2009)	0.57
" Prazosin decreased female responses to male starling song in a linear dose-response fashion; whereas, it affected responses to purple martin song in a U-shaped dose-response fashion."	( α₁-Noradrenegic receptor antagonism disrupts female songbird responses to male song. Pawlisch, BA; Riters, LV; Stevenson, SA, 2011)	1.28
" The number of pain episodes, analgesic dosage and the number of days of spontaneous passage of the calculi through the ureter were also recorded."	( Efficacy of three different alpha 1-adrenergic blockers and hyoscine N-butylbromide for distal ureteral stones. Canat, L; Caskurlu, T; Gurbuz, MC; Kilic, M; Polat, H, )	0.13
" Limited observations suggest a potentially different dose-sensitivity of prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent function (narrow inverted-U-shaped dose-response curves) versus classroom/overt behavior (broad inverted U) in children with ADHD."	( Differential sensitivity to psychostimulants across prefrontal cognitive tasks: differential involvement of noradrenergic α₁ - and α₂-receptors. Andrzejewski, ME; Berridge, CW; Devilbiss, DM; McGaughy, JA; Shumsky, JS; Spencer, RC; Waterhouse, BD, 2012)	0.38
" Comparison of DR(10) values (the dose required to shift the dose-response curve 10-fold to the right) in both tissues showed that the inhibitory effect of silodosin was significantly more potent in the salivary gland than in the urethra (18-fold), but tamsulosin (2."	( Effects of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists on phenylephrine-induced salivary secretion and intraurethral pressure elevation in anesthetized rats. Hatanaka, T; Noguchi, Y; Ohtake, A; Sasamata, M; Sato, S; Suzuki, M; Ueshima, K; Yanai-Inamura, H, 2012)	0.38
" Physicians managing hypertensive patients should pay attention not only to adequate dosing and appropriate combination of drugs but also to health education and patient counselling."	( Drug utilization and blood pressure control in a population where antihypertensives are given free: effect of policy change. Adedapo, AD; Adeleke, S; Okechukwu, R; Sikuade, O, 2012)	0.38
" In contrast with traditional dose-response studies, it was possible to quantify separately the underlying changes in α1 AR binding and signal transduction."	( Effect of disease states on α1 -adrenoceptor binding and signal transduction parameters in isolated perfused heart: quantification by pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling. Arendt, P; Hassna, R; Weiss, M, 2014)	0.4
" Les chats dans les autres groupes reçurent de la xylazine par voie intramusculaire à un dosage de 2 mg/kg de poids corporel (PC), et de la saline (comme témoin); 160 μg/kg PC de prazosin; ou 40, 160, ou 480 μg/kg PC d’atipamezole ou de yohimbine par voie intraveineuse 0,5 h plus tard."	( Antagonistic effects of atipamezole, yohimbine, and prazosin on xylazine-induced diuresis in clinically normal cats. Hikasa, Y; Miki, Y; Murahata, Y, 2014)	0.85
" As existing literature suggests this novel treatment option to be underutilized, we examined a cohort of veterans with PTSD initiating prazosin to characterize their typical duration of use and dosing patterns."	( Early discontinuation and suboptimal dosing of prazosin: a potential missed opportunity for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Alexander, B; Bernardy, NC; Christopher, ML; Friedman, MJ; Lund, BC, 2015)	0.88
" Rates of minimum target dosing fell from 42."	( Geographical diffusion of prazosin across Veterans Health Administration: Examination of regional variation in daily dosing and quality indicators among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Abrams, TE; Alexander, B; Bernardy, NC; Friedman, MJ; Lund, BC, 2015)	0.72
" All of these 6 case reports showed marked improvement in nightmares when prazosin was used, although at a generally lower dose when compared with its use in adults, with dosing ranging from 1 to 4 mg/d."	( Prazosin in Children and Adolescents With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Who Have Nightmares: A Systematic Review. Akinsanya, A; Marwaha, R; Tampi, RR, 2017)	2.13
" It should be initiated at 1 mg and then titrated upward until absence or desired reduction of nightmares is achieved, with a maximum dosage recommendation of 20 mg at bedtime and 5 mg midmorning."	( The efficacy of prazosin for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder nightmares in U.S. military veterans. Blankley, K; Breen, A; Fine, J, 2017)	0.8
"A highly sensitive, cheap, simple and accurate spectrofluorimetric method has been developed and validated for the determination of alfuzosin hydrochloride and terazosin hydrochloride in their pharmaceutical dosage forms and in human plasma."	( Utility of Hantzsch reaction for development of highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for determination of alfuzosin and terazosin in bulk, dosage forms and human plasma. Hammad, MA; Omar, MA; Salman, BI, 2017)	0.46
" We found that chronic treatment with the mirtazapine-prazosin combination significantly improved the effect of single mirtazapine dosing on cocaine-induced locomotor activity and on the induction and expression of cocaine sensitization."	( Synergistic interactions between mirtazapine and prazosin prevent the induction and expression of behavioral sensitization to cocaine in rats. Barbosa-Méndez, S; Matus-Ortega, M; Salazar-Juárez, A, 2017)	0.96
"A new, selective and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was designed for the quantitation of doxazosin (DOX), terazosin (TER) and alfuzosin (ALF) in their dosage forms and human plasma."	( An efficient spectrofluorimetric method adopts doxazosin, terazosin and alfuzosin coupling with orthophthalaldehyde: Application in human plasma. Derayea, SM; Hammad, MA; Mohamed, AA; Mohamed, AI; Omar, MA, 2018)	0.48
" Additional dose-response analyses were carried out."	( Association of Glycolysis-Enhancing α-1 Blockers With Risk of Developing Parkinson Disease. Liu, L; Narayanan, NS; Pottegård, A; Simmering, JE; Welsh, MJ, 2021)	0.62
" Prazosin has a relatively favorable side effect profile with once-daily dosing and low cost."	( Prazosin use in a patient with rare Neurobeachin gene deletion shows improvement in paranoid behavior: a case report. Cantwell, CY; Fortman, J; Seegan, A, 2021)	2.97

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Role	Description
antihypertensive agent	Any drug used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular hypertension regardless of pharmacological mechanism.
alpha-adrenergic antagonist	An agent that binds to but does not activate alpha-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous alpha-adrenergic agonists. alpha-Adrenergic antagonists are used in the treatment of hypertension, vasospasm, peripheral vascular disease, shock, and pheochromocytoma.
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor	Any EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of prolyl oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.26).
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
piperazines
quinazolines	Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.
furans	Compounds containing at least one furan ring.
monocarboxylic acid amide	A carboxamide derived from a monocarboxylic acid.
aromatic ether	Any ether in which the oxygen is attached to at least one aryl substituent.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.7817	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886; AID893
Chain B, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.7817	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886; AID893
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.6143	0.1778	14.3909	39.8107	AID2147
acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.5221	0.0025	41.7960	15,848.9004	AID1347395
thioredoxin reductase	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.8533	0.1000	20.8793	79.4328	AID488772; AID588453; AID588456
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	16.0457	0.0060	38.0041	19,952.5996	AID1159521; AID1159523
ATAD5 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	29.0810	0.0041	10.8903	31.5287	AID493106; AID493107
Fumarate hydratase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	19.6521	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
USP1 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	39.8107	0.0316	37.5844	354.8130	AID504865
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	10.0694	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978; AID686979
GLI family zinc finger 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.0457	0.0007	14.5928	83.7951	AID1259369; AID1259392
Microtubule-associated protein tau	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	28.9342	0.1800	13.5574	39.8107	AID1460
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	18.3175	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID743035; AID743036; AID743053; AID743063
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.4789	0.0112	12.4002	100.0000	AID1030
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.5893	0.0013	7.7625	44.6684	AID914; AID915
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.4034	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224893
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	2.1317	0.0123	7.9835	43.2770	AID1645841
EWS/FLI fusion protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	26.1323	0.0013	10.1577	42.8575	AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.3535	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224841; AID1224842
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.9916	0.3758	27.4851	61.6524	AID743220
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.6199	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743069; AID743075; AID743078
polyprotein	Zika virus	Potency	19.6521	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
67.9K protein	Vaccinia virus	Potency	28.9342	0.0001	8.4406	100.0000	AID720579; AID720580
glucocerebrosidase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.4355	0.0126	8.1569	44.6684	AID2101
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0015	0.0237	23.2282	63.5986	AID743222
alpha-galactosidase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	38.0490	4.4668	18.3916	35.4813	AID1467; AID2107
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	29.9349	0.0355	20.9770	89.1251	AID504332
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.9164	0.0007	23.0674	1,258.9301	AID743085; AID743122
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4915	0.0017	23.8393	78.1014	AID743083
Histone H2A.x	Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)	Potency	26.9573	0.0391	47.5451	146.8240	AID1224845
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	36.4261	0.0366	19.6376	50.1187	AID2112
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	58.0479	0.0126	2.4518	25.0177	AID485313
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.3162	12.4435	31.6228	AID924
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.0063	6.9043	39.8107	AID883
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.4181	0.0018	15.6638	39.8107	AID894
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	10.1626	0.0003	23.4451	159.6830	AID743065; AID743066; AID743067
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	10.3183	0.0376	17.0823	61.1927	AID1259364; AID1259388
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.8489	0.0398	16.7842	39.8107	AID995
ras-related protein Rab-9A	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	63.0957	0.0002	2.6215	31.4954	AID485297
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.5910	0.0037	8.6189	23.2809	AID2667; AID2668
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	18.1751	0.0079	8.2332	1,122.0200	AID2546; AID2551
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.5893	0.0316	10.2792	39.8107	AID884; AID885
lethal factor (plasmid)	Bacillus anthracis str. A2012	Potency	7.9433	0.0200	10.7869	31.6228	AID912
lamin isoform A-delta10	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	7.9433	0.8913	12.0676	28.1838	AID1487
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.1189	0.3162	12.7657	31.6228	AID881
Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	20.5124	0.0033	9.1582	39.8107	AID1347407
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	13.3332	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631
Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.3162	11.4157	31.6228	AID924
Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.3162	11.4157	31.6228	AID924
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Histamine H2 receptor	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	Potency	29.0212	0.0063	8.2350	39.8107	AID881; AID883
D(1A) dopamine receptor	Sus scrofa (pig)	Potency	18.4927	0.0037	8.1081	23.2809	AID2667
Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	Potency	0.3162	0.0096	10.5250	35.4813	AID1479145
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
GABA theta subunit	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4915	0.0119	17.9420	71.5630	AID651632; AID720516
Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	36.6511	0.0119	12.2221	68.7989	AID588378; AID651632
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)	Ki	0.0002	0.0000	0.0204	0.2512	AID36753
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	56.8000	0.4000	3.1000	9.7000	AID681561; AID721751
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	5.8700	0.2100	5.5537	10.0000	AID386625; AID681560
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	133.0000	0.6315	4.4531	9.3000	AID1473740
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	12.5000	0.2000	5.6774	10.0000	AID1473741
Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	12.6000	0.0900	3.7277	9.5000	AID682144
Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	146.6000	0.1100	7.1903	10.0000	AID1443980; AID1449628; AID1473738
Beta-casein	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0004	0.0001	0.0006	0.0015	AID35167
Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	4.0360	0.0002	0.8502	10.0000	AID625177
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.9525	0.0001	0.5326	10.0000	AID3793; AID3828; AID3920; AID3935
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	42.0000	0.0004	0.6298	10.0000	AID4826
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	4.2000	0.0002	0.6677	10.0000	AID5711
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	2.6380	0.0000	1.4421	7.3470	AID625201
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	1.0695	0.0001	0.8074	10.0000	AID35931; AID35952; AID36038; AID36179; AID36201; AID36202; AID36203; AID36204; AID36205; AID36206; AID36207; AID36212; AID36500; AID625201
Angiotensin-converting enzyme	Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)	IC50 (µMol)	24.2778	0.0000	1.6129	10.0000	AID625171
Angiotensin-converting enzyme	Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)	Ki	7.8301	0.0004	2.0337	8.6606	AID3793; AID625171
Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	6.9630	0.0000	0.7053	10.0000	AID625178
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	42.0000	0.0004	0.9086	10.0000	AID4826
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0008	0.0002	1.8742	10.0000	AID1336303; AID167726; AID36445; AID36710; AID36854; AID36869; AID566239; AID692054; AID751698
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0004	0.0001	0.9490	10.0000	AID1508596; AID269273; AID35266; AID35271; AID35274; AID35419; AID37172; AID37312; AID37443; AID37453; AID37510; AID37511; AID37512; AID692054; AID751698
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0078	0.0027	1.6287	9.9000	AID594262
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.2900	0.0000	1.2380	8.1590	AID625202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.8680	0.0002	0.7257	10.0000	AID36038; AID36179; AID36201; AID36202; AID36203; AID36204; AID36205; AID36206; AID36207; AID36212; AID36218; AID36231; AID36500; AID625202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)	Ki	1.0667	0.0000	0.5072	3.7020	AID35952; AID36455; AID36460; AID36464; AID36466
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.6470	0.0000	1.4725	7.8980	AID625203
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.8467	0.0003	0.4834	10.0000	AID36038; AID36179; AID36201; AID36202; AID36203; AID36204; AID36205; AID36206; AID36207; AID36212; AID36393; AID36408; AID36500; AID625203
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Mesocricetus auratus (golden hamster)	Ki	0.0008	0.0000	2.0167	9.6000	AID37067
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Sus scrofa (pig)	Ki	4.1000	0.0044	1.3751	4.1000	AID36502
D	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	5.6000	0.0001	0.6100	10.0000	AID61358
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.6347	0.0001	0.7396	10.0000	AID36899; AID37227; AID37511
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	1.7071	0.0000	0.9296	10.0000	AID35187; AID35328; AID36759; AID37095; AID37107; AID37221; AID37222; AID37223; AID37224; AID37225; AID37227; AID37229; AID37231; AID37251; AID37390
D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	8.3000	0.0000	0.4362	10.0000	AID65948
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	1.7071	0.0000	0.9708	10.0000	AID35187; AID35328; AID36759; AID37095; AID37107; AID37221; AID37222; AID37223; AID37224; AID37225; AID37227; AID37229; AID37231; AID37251; AID37390
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	1.7048	0.0000	0.9375	10.0000	AID35187; AID35328; AID36554; AID36759; AID37095; AID37107; AID37221; AID37222; AID37223; AID37224; AID37225; AID37227; AID37229; AID37231; AID37251; AID37390
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0008	0.0002	1.2704	10.0000	AID1336303; AID167726; AID36445; AID36710; AID36854; AID36869; AID566239
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0004	0.0000	0.5751	10.0000	AID1508596; AID35266; AID35271; AID35274; AID35419; AID35591; AID35601; AID35603; AID35741; AID37172; AID37312; AID37443; AID37453
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0007	0.0002	0.7568	8.8970	AID1915707; AID255286; AID625200; AID751699; AID751903; AID752263
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0016	0.0000	0.3609	10.0000	AID1063791; AID1507226; AID1581730; AID218801; AID239825; AID35299; AID35302; AID35317; AID35328; AID35329; AID35468; AID35469; AID35474; AID36393; AID625200; AID751699; AID751903
Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0009	0.0009	0.5335	7.4000	AID692054
Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0005	0.0005	0.0447	0.2200	AID692054
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0003	0.0001	0.8087	10.0000	AID35297
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	7.7000	0.0001	0.5485	9.2100	AID4235
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0010	0.0003	1.2967	9.2440	AID36899
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0010	0.0010	1.6747	9.2000	AID36899
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.2828	0.0002	0.1091	2.1500	AID36359; AID36360; AID36363; AID36474; AID36486
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0010	0.0010	1.6747	9.2000	AID36899
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	42.0000	0.0004	0.6156	10.0000	AID4826
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0006	0.0006	0.0869	0.2300	AID36486
Delta-type opioid receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0006	0.0000	0.6068	9.2330	AID239991
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)	Ki	0.0020	0.0002	1.1828	4.7000	AID37511; AID37512
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0006	0.0002	0.5614	5.4000	AID1915707; AID255286; AID751903; AID752263
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0027	0.0000	0.2726	10.0000	AID1063792; AID1152689; AID1196334; AID1507224; AID218797; AID239991; AID36393; AID36466; AID36474; AID36477; AID36486; AID36603; AID36618; AID36619; AID36753; AID36754; AID36759; AID751903
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0006	0.0002	0.6526	8.3300	AID1915707; AID255286; AID751903; AID752263
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0021	0.0000	0.4713	10.0000	AID1063793; AID1507225; AID218799; AID239824; AID36393; AID37183; AID37187; AID37196; AID37199; AID37216; AID37335; AID37337; AID37478; AID37479; AID37487; AID37509; AID751903
D(3) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	7.1000	0.0000	0.6020	10.0000	AID64960
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	4.1180	0.0001	1.1873	8.9125	AID625217
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	2.6210	0.0003	0.7693	10.0000	AID625217
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0008	0.0000	1.8194	10.0000	AID1336303; AID167726; AID36445; AID36710; AID36854; AID36869; AID566239
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	0.0003	0.0000	0.9650	10.0000	AID1508596; AID35266; AID35271; AID35274; AID35419; AID36898; AID36899; AID36904; AID37172; AID37312; AID37443; AID37453
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	IC50 (µMol)	9.9000	2.0300	5.5313	9.9000	AID386625
D(2) dopamine receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	11.0000	0.0001	0.5494	8.4000	AID64449
D(2) dopamine receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	10.0000	0.0000	0.4375	10.0000	AID63806
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.2828	0.0002	0.1091	2.1500	AID36359; AID36360; AID36363; AID36474; AID36486
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.2828	0.0002	0.1091	2.1500	AID36359; AID36360; AID36363; AID36474; AID36486
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	9.1492	0.0009	1.9014	10.0000	AID243151; AID576612; AID625171
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	19.8902	0.0021	1.8407	10.0000	AID625171
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)	Ki	0.1060	0.0015	0.1019	0.2200	AID35908
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3	Bos taurus (cattle)	IC50 (µMol)	24.2778	0.1048	2.8398	8.3173	AID625171
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3	Bos taurus (cattle)	Ki	19.8902	0.0858	2.9542	8.6606	AID625171
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	38.4000	0.1600	3.9571	8.6000	AID721752
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	1.6000	0.0100	2.7656	10.0000	AID721754
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)	Kd	0.0050	0.0002	0.0143	0.0501	AID37056
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Kd	0.0019	0.0002	0.5266	7.5858	AID196984; AID245845; AID35558; AID35857; AID35866; AID36157; AID36640; AID569593
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Kd	1.5979	0.0002	0.6277	9.3325	AID35201; AID35363; AID35364; AID35367; AID36913; AID37056
Alpha-mannosidase 2C1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Kd	3.7153	3.7153	3.7153	3.7153	AID35364
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Kd	1.5979	0.0002	0.6277	9.3325	AID35201; AID35363; AID35364; AID35367; AID36913; AID37056
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Kd	1.5979	0.0002	0.6277	9.3325	AID35201; AID35363; AID35364; AID35367; AID36913; AID37056
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Kd	0.0019	0.0002	0.8962	7.5858	AID167725; AID196984; AID245845; AID35558; AID35857; AID35866; AID36157; AID36640; AID569593
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0020	0.0000	0.1945	1.2882	AID36126
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0020	0.0000	0.2048	1.2882	AID36126
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	0.0040	0.0000	0.1199	1.2882	AID36126; AID37056
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Kd	0.0018	0.0002	0.5139	7.5858	AID196984; AID245845; AID35558; AID35857; AID35866; AID36157; AID36640; AID36913; AID569593
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
interferon gamma precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	AC50	18.7000	0.1280	15.1730	38.6100	AID1259418; AID1259420
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	20.0000	0.0140	3.7172	10.0000	AID680930
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC40 (µMol)	1.3000	1.3000	1.3000	1.3000	AID36508; AID36510
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC40 (µMol)	1.3000	1.3000	1.3000	1.3000	AID36508; AID36510
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC40 (µMol)	1.3000	1.3000	1.3000	1.3000	AID36508; AID36510
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC40 (µMol)	0.0045	0.0045	0.0164	0.0500	AID36259; AID36260
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Kb	0.0000	0.0000	0.0347	0.1650	AID1412497
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC40 (µMol)	0.0045	0.0045	0.0164	0.0500	AID36259; AID36260
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Kb	0.0002	0.0002	0.0510	0.3380	AID1412495
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ke	0.0011	0.0011	0.0585	0.1960	AID1130113; AID619439
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ke(app)	0.0011	0.0011	0.0185	0.0360	AID1256395
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC40 (µMol)	0.0045	0.0045	0.0164	0.0500	AID36259; AID36260
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Kb	0.0000	0.0000	0.0512	0.2660	AID1412496
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)	Kact	1.0000	1.0000	3.7500	7.0000	AID678804
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
body fluid secretion	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
amine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
choline transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid import across plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine import across plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-alpha-amino acid transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric proximal tubule development	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic cation transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acyl carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid metabolic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migration	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
prostate gland development	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of epithelial cell differentiation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chemokine production	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cycle	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of growth	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
hepoxilin biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
endocannabinoid signaling pathway	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
cannabinoid biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
lipoxin A4 biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
linoleic acid metabolic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid oxidation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
lipoxygenase pathway	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretion	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cilium assembly	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet degranulation	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monocarboxylic acid transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of appetite	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid biosynthetic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compound	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitination	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid signaling pathway	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estrogen	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cell	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bile acid secretion	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagy	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-beta	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replication	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasis	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein metabolic process	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix disassembly	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen catabolic process	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-A	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix organization	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate junction assembly	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid storage	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
smooth muscle cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid transport	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
heterotypic cell-cell adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
tube development	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic cell clearance	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bone resorption	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesis	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone resorption	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
mesodermal cell differentiation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative chemotaxis	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of serotonin uptake	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis involved in wound healing	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet aggregation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of postsynaptic specialization structure	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of trophoblast cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of extracellular matrix organization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid translocation	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
terpenoid transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of response to osmotic stress	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide translocation	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of anion channel activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte migration	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesion	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathway	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell adhesion	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
behavioral fear response	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin receptor signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of serotonin secretion	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
exploration behavior	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine metabolic process	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin metabolic process	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hormone secretion	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of behavior	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytokine production	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA replication	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
Rho protein signal transduction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
female pregnancy	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organization	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase B activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epinephrine secretion	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hormone stimulus	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor transactivation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
vasodilation	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasis	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
fear response	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transport	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretion	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
intestinal absorption	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
thermoception	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid catabolic process	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transport	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of wound healing	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
skeletal system development	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantation	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cell migration	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix disassembly	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
macrophage differentiation	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen catabolic process	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to reactive oxygen species	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
endodermal cell differentiation	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA binding	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor signaling pathway	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of keratinocyte migration	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cadmium ion	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-A	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuroinflammatory response	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor binding	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
response to amyloid-beta	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
amine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
choline transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
calcium ion binding	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid binding	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 8(S)-lipoxygenase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
endopeptidase activity	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
metalloendopeptidase activity	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type endopeptidase activity	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidase activity	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast growth factor binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
C-X3-C chemokine binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin-like growth factor I binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
neuregulin binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
fibronectin binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein disulfide isomerase activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
coreceptor activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion molecule binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylcholine floppase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide floppase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
floppase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activity	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-receptor interaction	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-1B adrenergic receptor binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-2C adrenergic receptor binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
thioesterase binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
heterotrimeric G-protein binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine binding	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
endopeptidase activity	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
metalloendopeptidase activity	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type endopeptidase activity	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen binding	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidase activity	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
metallopeptidase activity	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
dihydronicotinamide riboside quinone reductase activity	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activity	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
chloride ion binding	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
FAD binding	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
melatonin binding	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
resveratrol binding	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) activity	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine binding	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-2A adrenergic receptor binding	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine binding	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
potassium channel regulator activity	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
SH3 domain binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
lysine-acetylated histone binding	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylation-dependent protein binding	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase activity	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone dehydrogenase [NAD(P)] activity	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
amide binding	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go	D(3) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	D(3) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activity	D(3) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
Gq/11-coupled serotonin receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
G-protein alpha-subunit binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
GTPase activator activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
C3HC4-type RING finger domain binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
antiporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
polyspecific organic cation:proton antiporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
antiporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
polyspecific organic cation:proton antiporter activity	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloader activity	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
biotin transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
riboflavin transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoskeleton	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
adherens junction	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet dense granule membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear outer membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
endomembrane system	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Interstitial collagenase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junction	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
filopodium membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
microvillus membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphav-beta3 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
melanosome	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
glycinergic synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-PKCalpha complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-IGF-1-IGF1R complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-HMGB1 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-vitronectin complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM8 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membrane	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complex	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
blood microparticle	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin complex	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
axon terminus	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zone membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dopaminergic synapse	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic density membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapse	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complex	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen-containing extracellular matrix	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
tertiary granule lumen	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
cytoplasm	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
caveola	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
nuclear membrane	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
cytoplasm	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynapse	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	D(4) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear speck	Bromodomain-containing protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
calyx of Held	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonergic synapse	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cell body fiber	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
caveola	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membrane	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
caveola	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membrane	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	D(3) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	D(3) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	D(3) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Homo sapiens (human)
virion membrane	Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complex	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel complex	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Elg1 RFC-like complex	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi network	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complex	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
brush border membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raft	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (741)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347169	Tertiary RLuc qRT-PCR qHTS assay for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347168	HepG2 cells viability qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347149	Furin counterscreen qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347161	Confirmatory screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347153	Confirmatory screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347152	Confirmatory screen NINDS AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347167	Vero cells viability qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347412	qHTS assay to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: Counter screen cell viability and HiBit confirmation	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID504836	Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation	2002	The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16	Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347405	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347049	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID588349	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID1347151	Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347059	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - Alpha assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID588378	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID1347045	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347058	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347410	qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library	2019	Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60	A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID1347057	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347050	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1346058	Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1992	Molecular pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Pharmacological characteristics of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors: comparison of pharmacologically defined subtypes with subtypes identified by molecular cloning.
AID1345908	Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1998	FEBS letters, Jan-30, Volume: 422, Issue:2	Molecular cloning, genomic characterization and expression of novel human alpha1A-adrenoceptor isoforms.
AID1346058	Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1994	European journal of pharmacology, Jan-24, Volume: 252, Issue:1	Further characterization of human alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes: [3H]RX821002 binding and definition of additional selective drugs.
AID1345971	Human alpha1D-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1999	British journal of pharmacology, May, Volume: 127, Issue:1	In vitro alpha1-adrenoceptor pharmacology of Ro 70-0004 and RS-100329, novel alpha1A-adrenoceptor selective antagonists.
AID1346058	Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1994	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Dec, Volume: 271, Issue:3	The novel alpha-2 adrenergic radioligand [3H]-MK912 is alpha-2C selective among human alpha-2A, alpha-2B and alpha-2C adrenoceptors.
AID1345908	Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 121, Issue:6	Pharmacological pleiotropism of the human recombinant alpha1A-adrenoceptor: implications for alpha1-adrenoceptor classification.
AID1346000	Human alpha1B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1999	British journal of pharmacology, May, Volume: 127, Issue:1	In vitro alpha1-adrenoceptor pharmacology of Ro 70-0004 and RS-100329, novel alpha1A-adrenoceptor selective antagonists.
AID1345857	Rat alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	2001	The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-06, Volume: 276, Issue:27	Phe-308 and Phe-312 in transmembrane domain 7 are major sites of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist binding. Imidazoline agonists bind like antagonists.
AID1345971	Human alpha1D-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 121, Issue:6	Pharmacological pleiotropism of the human recombinant alpha1A-adrenoceptor: implications for alpha1-adrenoceptor classification.
AID1346000	Human alpha1B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1995	Molecular pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 48, Issue:2	KMD-3213, a novel, potent, alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist: characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors and native tissues.
AID1346000	Human alpha1B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1997	British journal of pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 121, Issue:6	Pharmacological pleiotropism of the human recombinant alpha1A-adrenoceptor: implications for alpha1-adrenoceptor classification.
AID1345908	Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1995	Molecular pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 48, Issue:2	KMD-3213, a novel, potent, alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist: characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors and native tissues.
AID1345908	Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1999	European journal of pharmacology, Apr-16, Volume: 370, Issue:3	Human cloned alpha1A-adrenoceptor isoforms display alpha1L-adrenoceptor pharmacology in functional studies.
AID1346159	Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1994	European journal of pharmacology, Jan-24, Volume: 252, Issue:1	Further characterization of human alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes: [3H]RX821002 binding and definition of additional selective drugs.
AID1345971	Human alpha1D-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1995	Molecular pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 48, Issue:2	KMD-3213, a novel, potent, alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist: characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors and native tissues.
AID1346049	Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1994	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Dec, Volume: 271, Issue:3	The novel alpha-2 adrenergic radioligand [3H]-MK912 is alpha-2C selective among human alpha-2A, alpha-2B and alpha-2C adrenoceptors.
AID1345908	Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1999	British journal of pharmacology, May, Volume: 127, Issue:1	In vitro alpha1-adrenoceptor pharmacology of Ro 70-0004 and RS-100329, novel alpha1A-adrenoceptor selective antagonists.
AID1346159	Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1992	Molecular pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Pharmacological characteristics of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors: comparison of pharmacologically defined subtypes with subtypes identified by molecular cloning.
AID1346049	Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1994	European journal of pharmacology, Jan-24, Volume: 252, Issue:1	Further characterization of human alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes: [3H]RX821002 binding and definition of additional selective drugs.
AID1346049	Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1992	Molecular pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Pharmacological characteristics of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors: comparison of pharmacologically defined subtypes with subtypes identified by molecular cloning.
AID1346159	Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)	1994	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Dec, Volume: 271, Issue:3	The novel alpha-2 adrenergic radioligand [3H]-MK912 is alpha-2C selective among human alpha-2A, alpha-2B and alpha-2C adrenoceptors.
AID540212	Mean residence time in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID35323	In vitro binding affinity against alpha-1D adrenergic receptor of human liver microsomes.	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 42, Issue:23	Design and synthesis of novel alpha(1)(a) adrenoceptor-selective antagonists. 2. Approaches to eliminate opioid agonist metabolites via modification of linker and 4-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenylpiperidine moiety.
AID1079949	Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID538299	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in diastolic arterial blood pressure at 5 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID35151	Antagonistic affinity against Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor was determined in isolated spleen tissue from rat	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 8, Issue:11	Search for alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes selective antagonists: design, synthesis and biological activity of cystazosin, an alpha 1D-adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID588218	FDA HLAED, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID36510	Competitive antagonist activity of the pre junctional alpha-2 adrenergic receptor mediated vasoconstrictor action of norepinephrine expressed as concentration producing 40% reduction in contractile response.	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 30, Issue:6	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 2. 2-(4-Carbamoylpiperidino) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID181131	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 3h after 12.5 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID4826	Inhibition of [3H]spiperone binding to 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor from rat cortical membranes	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID444051	Total clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID177735	Inhibition of 5-HT induced pressor response in pithed rats, after intravenous administration	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID1079938	Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID58199	Peak effect after 2-4 hours systolic blood pressure after 7 days of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID248797	Antiproliferative activity was determined by colorimetric MTS assay in LNCaP cells after 72 hr of incubation with compounds (1-100 uM)	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID755121	Antihypertensive activity in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of phenylephrine-induced pressor response at 0.24 micromol pretreated with losartan prior to compound administration	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design and synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline analogs as multi-targeted ligands for α1- and AII-receptors antagonism.
AID181790	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 5 h of 100 umol/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID681130	TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport (basal to apical) in MDR1-expressing MDCKII cells	2001	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2	Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID36455	Displacement of [3H]prazosin (0.3 nM) from bovine Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor expressed in BHK cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID188216	Compound was tested for its effect in reducing the mean blood pressure after 2 min in male wistar rats	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 32, Issue:1	Structure-activity relationships in prazosin-related compounds. Effect of replacing a piperazine ring with an alkanediamine moiety on alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocking activity.
AID174553	Change in systolic blood pressure after 25 mg/kg oral administration in spontaneous hypertensive rats after 24 hr	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Antihypertensive pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolines and pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolinones.
AID193416	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 1 hr at 0.31 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID588215	FDA HLAED, alkaline phosphatase increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID226969	Antihypertensive activity was determined in cannulated spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and maximum decrease of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) at 0.5 mg/kg oral dose	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID181977	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 1 Htz electrical stimulation in the pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID1079933	Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID37216	Compound was tested for binding affinity utilizing cloned receptor binding assays by using [125 I]HEAT as radioligand to the human Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	4-Amino-2-[4-[1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2(S)- [[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-piperazinyl]-6, 7-dimethoxyquinazoline (L-765,314): a potent and selective alpha1b adrenergic receptor antagonist.
AID625280	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1079945	Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID60616	Intravenous dose required to produce a 20-fold rightward shift in the phenylephrine dose-response curve in the dog	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Thiophene systems. 9. Thienopyrimidinedione derivatives as potential antihypertensive agents.
AID1474166	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID196754	Compound was evaluated for its activity at membrane-bound receptor (M+L+P fraction) from rat frontal cortex	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9	In vitro labeling of serotonin-S2 receptors: synthesis and binding characteristics of [3H]-7-aminoketanserin.
AID59152	Heart rate after 8 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID1412495	Antagonist activity at human adrenergic alpha1A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of noradrenaline-induced receptor activation preincubated for 15 mins followed by serotonin addition and measured after 1 hr by TGFalpha shedding ass	2018	MedChemComm, Mar-01, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Synthesis and evaluation of nuciferine and roemerine enantiomers as 5-HT
AID755127	Antagonist activity at angiotensin-2 receptor in Wistar rat endothelium denuded thoracic aorta assessed as inhibition of angiotensin 2-induced contraction preincubated for 30 mins prior to angiotensin 2-challenge	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design and synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline analogs as multi-targeted ligands for α1- and AII-receptors antagonism.
AID1403550	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from alpha1-adrenoceptor (unknown origin) in cerebral cortex membranes after 60 mins by TopCount scintillation counting method
AID35167	Compound was tested for binding Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor from rat liver using radioligand ([3H]prazosin) binding assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID35418	Intrinsic activity towards Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by the displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat cerebral cortex membrane in presence of 1 nM GTP.	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16	Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists. 6. Structural optimization of pyridazinone-arylpiperazines. Study of the influence on affinity and selectivity of cyclic substituents at the pyridazinone ring and alkoxy groups at the arylpiperazine moiety.
AID1079937	Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID36006	Binding affinity against native Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor from rat cerebral cortex using radioligand [3H]-prazosin binding assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID678804	TP_TRANSPORTER: ATP hydrolysis in membrane vesicle from BCRP-expressing Sf9 cells	2001	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Jul-06, Volume: 285, Issue:1	Functional characterization of the human multidrug transporter, ABCG2, expressed in insect cells.
AID1063791	Displacement of [125I]HEAT from adrenergic alpha1D receptor (unknown origin)	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	The synthesis and comparative receptor binding affinities of novel, isomeric pyridoindolobenzazepine scaffolds.
AID35474	Binding affinity at human cloned Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor in chinese hamster ovary cells by [3H]prazosin displacement.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID234820	The alpha1/alpha2 selectivity ratio is the antilog of the difference between pA2 values at alpha1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-19, Volume: 36, Issue:6	Structure-activity relationships in prazosin-related compounds. 2. Role of the piperazine ring on alpha-blocking activity.
AID699540	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B3 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID382238	Binding affinity to adrenergic alpha1L receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9	Recent advances in selective alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists as antihypertensive agents.
AID37079	Binding affinity against alpha-2 adrenergic receptor was determined by the displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat brain cortical membranes	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 30, Issue:9	Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists/antagonists: the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of indolin-2-yl and tetrahydroquinolin-2-yl imidazolines.
AID333038	Antihypertensive activity in SHR rat assessed as reduction in pentobarbitol-induced increase in blood pressure at 0.1 mg/kg, iv	1994	Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 57, Issue:2	Antihypertensive activity of 6-O-galloyl-D-glucose, a phenolic glycoside from Sapium sebiferum.
AID1578462	Total plasma concentration in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID35608	Antagonistic affinity against Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor was determined in isolated thoracic aorta from rat	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 8, Issue:11	Search for alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes selective antagonists: design, synthesis and biological activity of cystazosin, an alpha 1D-adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID351045	Antagonist activity at alpha1 adrenoceptor in Wistar rat aorta assessed as inhibition of norepinephrine-induced contraction treated 30 mins before norepinephrine challenge	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 44, Issue:3	The synthesis of N-phenoxyethyl-1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines and their alpha1-adrenoceptor blocking activity.
AID36508	Antagonist activity against prejunctional alpha-2 adrenergic receptor was measured by Kerbs super fused rabbit pulmonary artery preparations labeled with [3H]- norepinephrine.	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 30, Issue:1	2,4-diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 1. 2-[4-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID37231	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat submaxillary	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35507	Binding affinity against native Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor from rat cerebral cortex using radioligand ([3H]rauwolscine) binding assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID36772	Ability to inhibit 50% specific binding of [3H]-p-amino clonidine radioligand to alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat cerebrocortex	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	6,7-Dihydro-5-[[(cis-2-hydroxy-trans-3-phenoxycyclopentyl)amino] methyl]-2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one: a novel alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and renal vasodilator.
AID35416	Intrinsic activity for displacement of [3H]- prazosin from Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor of rat cerebral cortex membrane in the presence of 1 nM GTP	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 45, Issue:17	Alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists. 4. Pharmacophore-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new imidazo-, benzimidazo-, and indoloarylpiperazine derivatives.
AID1443980	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in fall armyworm sf9 cell plasma membrane vesicles assessed as reduction in vesicle-associated [3H]-taurocholate transport preincubated for 10 mins prior to ATP addition measured after 15 mins in presence of [3H]-tauroch	2010	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Dec, Volume: 118, Issue:2	Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development.
AID36205	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human OK cells	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1473835	Stimulation of human MRP2 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID37312	Binding affinity for Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in rat cortex membranes using [3H]-prazosin as radioligand	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16	Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists. 6. Structural optimization of pyridazinone-arylpiperazines. Study of the influence on affinity and selectivity of cyclic substituents at the pyridazinone ring and alkoxy groups at the arylpiperazine moiety.
AID37095	Binding affinity to alpha-2 adrenergic receptor by displacement of [3H]clonidine	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	1,3-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline derivatives as potential alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID1578459	Fraction unbound in Wistar Han rat heart at 2 uM incubated for 6 hrs by equilibrium dialysis method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID63956	Binding affinity was evaluated against Dopamine receptor D2 on rat striatum using [3H]spiperone as radioligand; ND = Not determined	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-16, Volume: 41, Issue:15	Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of novel 6-fluorochroman derivatives as potential 5-HT1A receptor antagonists.
AID1764399	Unbound plasma concentration in P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat at 5 mg/ml/kg, po measured upto 4 hrs by LC-MS analysis	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5	Development of an
AID625286	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID37295	Binding affinity against alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by measuring displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat brain cortex membranes (in vitro).	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 36, Issue:15	Studies on quinazolines. 5. 2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline derivatives: a novel class of potent and selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID243151	Inhibitory concentration against potassium channel HERG	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 15, Issue:11	A discriminant model constructed by the support vector machine method for HERG potassium channel inhibitors.
AID58211	Systolic blood pressure after 6 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID172548	Inhibition of 5-HT induced pressor response in pithed rats, after intravenous administration of 0.02 mg/kg	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID680286	TP_TRANSPORTER: increase in Calcein-AM intracellular accumulation (Calcein-AM: 0.5 uM, Prazosin: 10 uM) in MDR1-expressing NIH-3T3 cells	2004	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Mar-19, Volume: 315, Issue:4	Distinct groups of multidrug resistance modulating agents are distinguished by competition of P-glycoprotein-specific antibodies.
AID377141	Vasorelaxation activity in rat aorta assessed as inhibition of norepinephrine-induced phasic contraction at 1 ug/ml preincubated for 15 mins relative to control	1999	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6	Chemical constituents and biological activities of the fruit of Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum.
AID1079931	Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID29359	Ionization constant (pKa)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID751698	Displacement of [3H]Prazosin from alpha1B adrenergic receptor in Wistar rat liver after 60 mins	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID36259	Antagonist activity against post junctional alpha-1 adrenergic receptor was measured by Kerbs super fused rabbit pulmonary artery preparations labeled with [3H]- norepinephrine.	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 30, Issue:1	2,4-diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 1. 2-[4-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID1578458	Fraction unbound in Wistar Han rat brain at 2 uM incubated for 6 hrs by equilibrium dialysis method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID58198	Peak effect after 2-4 hours systolic blood pressure after 3 days of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID751764	Displacement of [3H]Prazosin from alpha1B adrenergic receptor in Wistar rat liver at 10 uM after 60 mins relative to control	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID181973	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 0.3 ug/kg intravenous dosing of angiotensin in pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID36899	Compound was tested for its binding affinity towards Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor using [3H]prazosin from rat submaxillary gland	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-07, Volume: 41, Issue:10	1'-Benzyl-3,4-dihydrospiro[2H-1- benzothiopyran-2,4'-piperidine] (spipethiane), a potent and highly selective sigma1 ligand.
AID232490	Relative affinities for alpha-1 and alpha2 adrenoceptors of rat vas deferens	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 32, Issue:1	Structure-activity relationships in prazosin-related compounds. Effect of replacing a piperazine ring with an alkanediamine moiety on alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocking activity.
AID1221968	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of BCRP inhibitor Ko143	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID36212	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human platelets	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID59003	Heart rate after 2 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID37078	Binding affinity against alpha-2 adrenergic receptor was determined by the displacement of [3H]clonidine from rat brain cortical membranes	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 30, Issue:9	Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists/antagonists: the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of indolin-2-yl and tetrahydroquinolin-2-yl imidazolines.
AID231272	Ratio of binding affinity against alpha-2 adrenoceptor to that of alpha-1 adrenoceptor	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 36, Issue:15	Studies on quinazolines. 5. 2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline derivatives: a novel class of potent and selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID181967	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 0.03 ug/kg intravenous dosing of angiotensin in pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID59363	50% reduction in agonist induced pressor response in anesthetized dog	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Pharmacological options in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID1196334	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human adrenergic alpha1A receptor expressed in CHO cells	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Novel 5-HT6 receptor antagonists/D2 receptor partial agonists targeting behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.
AID36359	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in M alpha-10H (mouse)	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID91481	Binding constant against human serum albumin (HSA)	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-06, Volume: 44, Issue:25	Cheminformatic models to predict binding affinities to human serum albumin.
AID35851	Alpha-1 antagonistic activity against phenylephrine in rat aorta	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 36, Issue:15	Studies on quinazolines. 5. 2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline derivatives: a novel class of potent and selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID37302	Binding affinity for alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by displacement of [3H]-prazosin from rat brain homogenate preparation	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 31, Issue:3	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 4. 2-[4-(substituted oxyethoxy) piperidino] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID36260	Competitive antagonist activity of the post junctional alpha-1 adrenergic receptor mediated vasoconstrictor action of norepinephrine expressed as 40% increase in [3H]- overflow.	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 30, Issue:6	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 2. 2-(4-Carbamoylpiperidino) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID1578473	Unbound tissue partition coefficient, ratio of drug level in brain to plasma in mouse administered as single dose	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID36058	Antagonistic activity against longitudinal muscle strip of the guinea pig ileum using xylazine as agonist	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 30, Issue:8	Berbanes: a new class of selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID181137	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 4 hr after 0.31 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID58210	Systolic blood pressure after 6 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID1065975	Inhibition of human ABCG2 ATPase activity expressed in Sf9 insect cell membranes at 20 uM after 30 mins by colorimetric analysis relative to basal control in presence of sodium orthovanadate	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-27, Volume: 56, Issue:24	Structure-activity relationships of chromone derivatives toward the mechanism of interaction with and inhibition of breast cancer resistance protein ABCG2.
AID3935	Binding affinity at native 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor in rat by [3H]8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetraline displacement.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID35952	Binding affinity against Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor, from human clones.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID181971	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 0.1 ug/kg intravenous dosing of noradrenaline in pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID187742	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) by percent reduction in blood pressure at 5 mg/kg peroral administration at 6 hour	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 30, Issue:6	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 2. 2-(4-Carbamoylpiperidino) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID588216	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID398844	Vasorelaxant activity against 3 uM norepinephrine -induced tonic contractions in rat thoracic aorta assessed as muscle contractions at 1 uM pretreated for 15 mins before norepinephrine administration relative to control	1997	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 60, Issue:6	Bioactive alkaloids from Illigera luzonensis.
AID1079935	Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID181116	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 1 hr after 0.31 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID619439	Antagonist activity at human alpha1A receptor assessed as inhibition of intracellular calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19	New aporphinoid 5-HT2A and α1A antagonists via structural manipulations of nantenine.
AID3828	Binding affinity towards human cloned 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor using [3H]8-OH-DPAT as radioligand	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-19, Volume: 44, Issue:15	Phenylpiperazinylalkylamino substituted pyridazinones as potent alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID1221748	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID1581733	Displacement of [3H]RX 821002 from human recombinant adrenergic alpha-2C receptor expressed in CHO cell membranes incubated for 60 mins	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-09, Volume: 63, Issue:1	Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids.
AID219634	Non competitive irreversible antagonism at alpha-1D-adrenergic receptors on isolated thoracic aorta from rat.	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 44, Issue:3	Analogues of prazosin that bear a benextramine-related polyamine backbone exhibit different antagonism toward alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID65948	Displacement of [3H]-YM-09151-2 (0.06 nM) from human Dopamine receptor D4 expressed in CHO cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID36710	Binding affinity towards rat Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor was evaluated using [3H]- prazosin as radioligand	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-06, Volume: 39, Issue:25	Structure-activity relationship studies on the 5-HT(1A) receptor affinity of 1-phenyl-4-[omega-(alpha- or beta-tetralinyl)alkyl]piperazines. 4.
AID1336303	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat cerebral cortex alpha-1 adrenergic receptor measured after 60 mins by scintillation counting method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	Structure-anticonvulsant activity studies in the group of (E)-N-cinnamoyl aminoalkanols derivatives monosubstituted in phenyl ring with 4-Cl, 4-CH
AID239991	Equilibrium dissociation constant was evaluated by radio-receptor binding assays using [3H]prazosin to label cloned human alpha 1a expressed in CHO cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID35502	Antagonistic affinity against native rat cortex Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 8, Issue:11	Search for alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes selective antagonists: design, synthesis and biological activity of cystazosin, an alpha 1D-adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID58197	Peak effect after 2-4 hours systolic blood pressure after 2 day of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID1079936	Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID751765	Displacement of [3H]Prazosin from alpha1A adrenergic receptor in Wistar rat submaxillary gland at 10 uM after 60 mins relative to control	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID181657	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 3 hr of 10 uM/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID538307	Toxicity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in heart rate at 5 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID35931	Ability to displace [3H]rauwolscine from cloned human Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Discovery of alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor antagonists based on the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist niguldipine.
AID721754	Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Discovery of potent, selective multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1, SLC47A1) inhibitors through prescription drug profiling and computational modeling.
AID538313	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as reduction of adrenaline-induced increase in systolic arterial blood pressure at 3 ug/kg, iv administered 30 mins before adrenaline challenge measured after 30 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID1221963	Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY335979	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID37363	Compound was tested for the inhibition of [3H]clonidine binding Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor of crude rat brain membrane	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 25, Issue:1	1-(alkylamino)isochromans: hypotensives with peripheral and central activities.
AID37322	Binding affinity by its ability to displace [3H]prazosin radioligand from Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor on rat cerebral cortex	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor antagonists. Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new trazodone-like compounds.
AID35367	In vivo antagonist activity against B-HT 933-induced alpha-2 adrenergic receptor mediated vasoconstriction in pithed normotensive rats	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4	Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID3793	Ability to displace [3H]5-CT (2.0 nM) from HeLa cells of human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID295451	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat assessed as decrease in blood pressure at 5 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs by tail cuff method	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of novel 3-benzyl-2-substituted-3H-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-9-ones.
AID692054	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat liver adrenergic alpha1B receptor after 45 mins by liquid scintillation counter	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 46, Issue:7	Discovery of LASSBio-772, a 1,3-benzodioxole N-phenylpiperazine derivative with potent alpha 1A/D-adrenergic receptor blocking properties.
AID95594	Displacement of [3H]nitrendipine from rat brain L-type [Ca2+] channel	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Discovery of alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor antagonists based on the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist niguldipine.
AID1221973	Efflux ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side over basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 10 uM of MRP2 inhibitor MK571	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID269274	Selectivity for adrenergic alpha-1B over alpha1A	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15	Design and synthesis of selective alpha1B adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID588214	FDA HLAED, liver enzyme composite activity	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1221752	Efflux ratio of apparent permeability from basolateral to apical over apical to basolateral side of MDCK cells at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID230751	Ratio of the binding affinities against 5-HT1A and alpha-1-adrenoceptor from rat brain membranes.	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Novel adrenoceptor antagonists with a tricyclic pyrrolodipyridazine skeleton.
AID1285611	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat cerebral cortex Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 24, Issue:8	Design, physico-chemical properties and biological evaluation of some new N-[(phenoxy)alkyl]- and N-{2-[2-(phenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}aminoalkanols as anticonvulsant agents.
AID189194	Percent reduction of SHR (Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat) blood pressure at 1 hr at a dose 3 mg/kg peroral administration	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	1,3-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline derivatives as potential alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID625292	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID444056	Fraction escaping gut-wall elimination in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1221969	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of BCRP inhibitor Ko143	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID35722	Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist activity against agonist (norepinephrine) in isolated rat vas deferens	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	2-[[[2-(2,6-Dimethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]-methyl] -1,4-benzoxathian: a new antagonist with high potency and selectivity toward alpha 1-adrenoreceptors.
AID37292	Binding affinity against Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by displacing [3H]prazosin radioligand in rat cortex membrane.	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 45, Issue:17	Alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists. 4. Pharmacophore-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new imidazo-, benzimidazo-, and indoloarylpiperazine derivatives.
AID174554	Change in systolic blood pressure after 25 mg/kg oral administration in spontaneous hypertensive rats after 2 hr	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Antihypertensive pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolines and pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolinones.
AID36502	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]-RX 821002 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in porcine alpha2-clone	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35201	Antagonist activity for Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor against clonidine in rat vas deferences	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 32, Issue:1	Structure-activity relationships in prazosin-related compounds. Effect of replacing a piperazine ring with an alkanediamine moiety on alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocking activity.
AID58998	Heart rate after 0 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID59007	Heart rate after 4 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID588217	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1079939	Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID1221749	Efflux ratio of apparent permeability from basolateral to apical over apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID36201	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in alpha-2 C2	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1194506	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat cerebral cortex alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by liquid scintillation counting analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9	α-Adrenoceptor antagonistic and hypotensive properties of novel arylpiperazine derivatives of pyrrolidin-2-one.
AID36281	Antagonistic activity against postsynaptic alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in rabbit pulmonary artery using l-norepinephrine as agonist	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 30, Issue:8	Berbanes: a new class of selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID1079942	Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID382494	Binding affinity to adrenergic alpha1N receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9	Recent advances in selective alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists as antihypertensive agents.
AID36179	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in hamster adipocyte	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID193583	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 3 hr at 1.25 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID1221970	Efflux ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side over basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of BCRP inhibitor Ko143	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1412496	Antagonist activity at human adrenergic alpha1B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of noradrenaline-induced receptor activation preincubated for 15 mins followed by serotonin addition and measured after 1 hr by TGFalpha shedding ass	2018	MedChemComm, Mar-01, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Synthesis and evaluation of nuciferine and roemerine enantiomers as 5-HT
AID1764402	Unbound brain-to-plasma concentration ratio in P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5	Development of an
AID181123	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 2 hr after 0.31 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID5499	Displacement of [3H]ketanserin (0.5 nM) from rat cerebral cortex 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptors	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID611925	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from adrenergic alpha1 receptor	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 54, Issue:15	Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) inhibitors. 3-(2-(pyridyl)ethenyl)indoles as potential anticancer immunomodulators.
AID58202	Systolic blood pressure after 0 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID37183	Binding affinity against Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor from hamster clones.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35619	Affinity was evaluated against Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor in isolated rat aorta expressed as pKB	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Prazosin-related compounds. Effect of transforming the piperazinylquinazoline moiety into an aminomethyltetrahydroacridine system on the affinity for alpha1-adrenoreceptors.
AID36218	Ability to displace [3H]rauwolscine from cloned human Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Discovery of alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor antagonists based on the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist niguldipine.
AID37081	Binding affinity for alpha-2 adrenergic receptor by displacement of [3H]clonidine at 10e-6 M from rat brain homogenate preparation	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 31, Issue:3	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 4. 2-[4-(substituted oxyethoxy) piperidino] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID1602586	Apparent permeability across apical to basolateral side in human Caco2 cells at 5 uM by LC-MS/MS analysis	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-14, Volume: 62, Issue:5	Identification and Characterization of AES-135, a Hydroxamic Acid-Based HDAC Inhibitor That Prolongs Survival in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer.
AID35842	Alpha-1 Adrenoceptor blocking activity as antagonism of norepinephrine-induced contractions of epididymal portion of rat vas deferens	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-19, Volume: 36, Issue:6	Structure-activity relationships in prazosin-related compounds. 2. Role of the piperazine ring on alpha-blocking activity.
AID188892	Percent reduction in Spontaneously hypertensive rat blood pressure after 1 h of 3 mg/kg, po administration	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID59013	Heart rate after 6 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID576612	Inhibition of human ERG	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Predicting hERG activities of compounds from their 3D structures: development and evaluation of a global descriptors based QSAR model.
AID538304	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in diastolic arterial blood pressure at 15 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID1412499	Selectivity ratio of Kb for human adrenergic alpha1D receptor to Kb for human adrenergic alpha1A receptor	2018	MedChemComm, Mar-01, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Synthesis and evaluation of nuciferine and roemerine enantiomers as 5-HT
AID35866	Antagonistic potency of compound for Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of 8-substituted 1-oxa-3,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-ones.
AID1772567	Apparent permeability of the compound across basolateral side to apical side in dog MDCK-II cells incubated for 150 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223	Non-carboxylic acid inhibitors of aldose reductase based on N-substituted thiazolidinedione derivatives.
AID196732	Inhibition of vasodilating activity was assessed on the epididymal portion of rat vas deferens in the absence of HbO2 in vitro; No data	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-08, Volume: 38, Issue:25	The furoxan system as a useful tool for balancing "hybrids" with mixed alpha 1-antagonist and NO-like vasodilator activities.
AID37101	Binding affinity towards alpha-2 adrenergic receptor from rat brain homogenate preparation by displacement of [3H]clonidine	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID195504	Percent reduction in blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at peroral dose of 5 mg/kg was determined after 6 hr	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 30, Issue:1	2,4-diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 1. 2-[4-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID36554	The compound was tested for binding affinity against alpha-2d-adrenoceptor, from rat clones.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID37224	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat RNG clone	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35417	Intrinsic activity towards Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by the displacement of [3H]prazosin from rat cerebral cortex membrane in absence of 1 nM GTP	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16	Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists. 6. Structural optimization of pyridazinone-arylpiperazines. Study of the influence on affinity and selectivity of cyclic substituents at the pyridazinone ring and alkoxy groups at the arylpiperazine moiety.
AID4407	Binding affinity against native 5-HT1A-receptors from rat hippocampus using radioligand ([3H]8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetraline) binding assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID35187	Displacement of [3H]clonidine from Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor of rat brain membranes	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 25, Issue:12	alpha 2 adrenoceptors: classification, localization, mechanisms, and targets for drugs.
AID404304	Effect on human MRP2-mediated estradiol-17-beta-glucuronide transport in Sf9 cells inverted membrane vesicles relative to control	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Prediction and identification of drug interactions with the human ATP-binding cassette transporter multidrug-resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2; ABCC2).
AID239825	Equilibrium dissociation constant was evaluated by radio-receptor binding assays using [3H]prazosin to label cloned human alpha 1d expressed in CHO cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID58206	Systolic blood pressure after 4 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID37328	In vitro binding affinity against Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor of human liver microsomes.	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 42, Issue:23	Design and synthesis of novel alpha(1)(a) adrenoceptor-selective antagonists. 2. Approaches to eliminate opioid agonist metabolites via modification of linker and 4-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenylpiperidine moiety.
AID63792	Antagonistic affinity against rat striatum Dopamine receptor D2	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 8, Issue:11	Search for alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes selective antagonists: design, synthesis and biological activity of cystazosin, an alpha 1D-adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID36126	Activity against Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor subtypes of human prostate tissue	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 40, Issue:17	N-arylpiperazinyl-N'-propylamino derivatives of heteroaryl amides as functional uroselective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID181663	Calcium antagonistic activity was evaluated by in vitro inhibition of [3H]nitrendipine binding on rat cerebral cortex	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	New 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives combining calcium antagonism and alpha-adrenolytic properties.
AID538309	Toxicity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in heart rate at 30 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID58214	Systolic blood pressure after 8 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID235866	Index of alpha1/alpha2 adrenoceptor binding selectivity.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4	Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID36202	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]-MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in alpha-2 C4	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36759	Binding affinity at human cloned Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor in chinese hamster ovary cells by [3H]-prazosin displacement.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID218797	Binding affinity towards human cloned alpha-1A-adrenoceptor using [3H]prazosin as radioligand	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-19, Volume: 44, Issue:15	Phenylpiperazinylalkylamino substituted pyridazinones as potent alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID1581730	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human recombinant adrenergic alpha-1D receptor expressed in CHO cell membranes incubated for 60 mins	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-09, Volume: 63, Issue:1	Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids.
AID444050	Fraction unbound in human plasma	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID239801	Binding affinity for alpha 1d adrenoceptor	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 48, Issue:15	Range and sensitivity as descriptors of molecular property spaces in dynamic QSAR analyses.
AID1578463	Drug concentration in total white adipose tissue in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID37107	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in RIN-m5F cell	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID751700	Displacement of [3H]Prazosin from alpha1A adrenergic receptor in Wistar rat submaxillary gland after 60 mins	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID36231	Binding affinity against Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor from human clones.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1221751	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of MDCK cells at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID35419	In vitro binding affinity determined for alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by the displacement of [3H]- prazosin.	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 30, Issue:6	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 2. 2-(4-Carbamoylpiperidino) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID245845	Antagonistic activity for Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor was measured as inhibition of phenylephrine-reduced contractions in isolated Sprague-Dawley rat anacoccygeal muscles	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 15, Issue:13	Pharmacophore-based design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and 3D-QSAR studies of aryl-piperazines as alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID239824	Equilibrium dissociation constant was evaluated by radio-receptor binding assays using [3H]prazosin to label cloned human alpha 1b expressed in CHO cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID36157	Partial affinity towards Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor was assessed on rat aortic strips	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-08, Volume: 38, Issue:25	The furoxan system as a useful tool for balancing "hybrids" with mixed alpha 1-antagonist and NO-like vasodilator activities.
AID1221965	Transporter substrate index of efflux ratio in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY335979	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1063792	Displacement of [125I]HEAT from adrenergic alpha1A receptor (unknown origin)	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	The synthesis and comparative receptor binding affinities of novel, isomeric pyridoindolobenzazepine scaffolds.
AID36913	Antagonism of the norepinephrine induced contraction of rat isolated prostatic vas deferens.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID588219	FDA HLAED, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1214637	Efflux ratio of apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side over apical to basolateral side in MDCK2 cells expressing human BCRP at 5 uM by liquid scintillation counting	2013	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 41, Issue:4	Characterization of efflux transporters involved in distribution and disposition of apixaban.
AID177383	In vivo antagonist dose producing two fold shift of cirazoline in pithed rats. (prejunctional)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Indoline analogues of idazoxan: potent alpha 2-antagonists and alpha 1-agonists.
AID36477	Binding affinity against human Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID193598	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 4 hr at 0.31 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID36038	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in canine adipocyte	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID37511	Compound was tested for its binding affinity towards Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor using [3H]prazosin from rat liver	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-07, Volume: 41, Issue:10	1'-Benzyl-3,4-dihydrospiro[2H-1- benzothiopyran-2,4'-piperidine] (spipethiane), a potent and highly selective sigma1 ligand.
AID1578474	Apparent permeability of the compound across dog RRCK cells by MDCK-LE assay	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID37251	Compound was tested for its binding affinity for alpha-2 adrenergic receptor site by displacement of [3H]clonidine at 10e-6 M concentration	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 30, Issue:1	2,4-diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 1. 2-[4-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID35591	Displacement of [3H]prazosin (0.3 nM) from rat Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor expressed in CHO cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID36573	Irreversible action on rat cerebral cortical membrane Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor at 100 nM	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 32, Issue:1	Alkylating prazosin analogue: irreversible label for alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
AID37196	Ability to displace [3H]prazosin from cloned human Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Discovery of alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor antagonists based on the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist niguldipine.
AID386624	Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells at 10 uM by confocal microscopy	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1.
AID444054	Oral bioavailability in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1578466	Drug concentration in total liver in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID177195	Hypotensive activity in anesthetized rats, dose that produced a 30% fall in mean blood pressure after 30 minutes	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID59364	50% reduction in intraurethral pressure (IUP) in response to hypogastric nerve stimulation or agonist (phenylephrine or norepinephrine) administration in anesthetized dog	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Pharmacological options in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID569593	Antagonist activity at alpha1-adrenoceptor in rat anococcygeal muscle assessed as inhibition of phenylephrine-induced contraction	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new arylpiperazine derivatives bearing a flavone moiety as α1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID166793	Blockade of the constrictor response to exogenously administered L-norepinephrine	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 26, Issue:9	l-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-8-methoxy-5-(methylthio)-2-naphthalenamine: a potent and selective agonist at alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
AID425653	Renal clearance in human	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15	Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID174555	Change in systolic blood pressure after 25 mg/kg oral administration in spontaneous hypertensive rats after 4 hr	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Antihypertensive pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolines and pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolinones.
AID35482	Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonistic activity in rat vas deferens vs clonidine	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 30, Issue:9	Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists/antagonists: the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of indolin-2-yl and tetrahydroquinolin-2-yl imidazolines.
AID3920	Antagonistic affinity against cloned human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 8, Issue:11	Search for alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes selective antagonists: design, synthesis and biological activity of cystazosin, an alpha 1D-adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID1507226	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human alpha1D adrenoceptor expressed in CHO cell membranes after 30 mins	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-18, Volume: 136	Quinazoline based α
AID59148	Heart rate after 6 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID269272	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from adrenergic alpha-1A receptor in rat submaxillary gland membranes	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15	Design and synthesis of selective alpha1B adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID538301	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in systolic arterial blood pressure at 15 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID35302	Binding affinity against human Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (h alpha-1d)	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID625291	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID36909	Antagonistic affinity against Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor was determined in isolated prostatic vas deferens tissue from rat	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 8, Issue:11	Search for alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes selective antagonists: design, synthesis and biological activity of cystazosin, an alpha 1D-adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID751699	Displacement of [3H]Prazosin from human recombinant alpha1D adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells after 60 mins	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID1578468	Unbound tissue partition coefficient, ratio of drug level in heart to plasma in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID36285	pA2 value for phenylephrine antagonist towards at alpha-1 adrenergic receptor was determined in rabbit aorta	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	6,7-Dihydro-5-[[(cis-2-hydroxy-trans-3-phenoxycyclopentyl)amino] methyl]-2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one: a novel alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and renal vasodilator.
AID130902	Inhibition of methyl phenidate induced stereotyped gnawing in mice	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID231281	Ratio of binding affinity against human alpha 1b-adrenoceptor by human alpha 1A-adrenoceptor	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID36711	Binding affinity against Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in rat brain membrane using [3H]prazosin as radioligand	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 39, Issue:16	1-aryl-4-[(1-tetralinyl)alkyl]piperazines: alkylamido and alkylamino derivatives. Synthesis, 5-HT1A receptor affinity, and selectivity. 3.
AID235864	Index of alpha1/alpha2 adrenoceptor antagonist selectivity at post junctional vascular sites in vivo.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4	Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID467613	Volume of distribution at steady state in human	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Prediction of volume of distribution values in human using immobilized artificial membrane partitioning coefficients, the fraction of compound ionized and plasma protein binding data.
AID181975	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 0.3 ug/kg intravenous dosing of noradrenaline in pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID681121	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in MDR1-expressing MDCKII cells	2001	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2	Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID193599	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 4 hr at 1.25 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID37221	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in neonatal rat lung	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID538302	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in systolic arterial blood pressure at 60 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID1079946	Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID37440	Binding affinity against alpha-1 adrenergic receptor on rat cortex using [3H]-prazosin as radioligand.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-16, Volume: 41, Issue:15	Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of novel 6-fluorochroman derivatives as potential 5-HT1A receptor antagonists.
AID37452	Binding affinity towards alpha-1 adrenergic receptor from rat brain homogenate preparation by displacement of [3H]prazosin	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID444057	Fraction escaping hepatic elimination in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID167272	Concentration producing a 40% reduction in contractile response in rabbit pulmonary artery (Functional alpha-antagonist activity)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 31, Issue:3	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 4. 2-[4-(substituted oxyethoxy) piperidino] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID33080	Ability (10 ug/kg) to inhibit binding of [125I]iododexetimide to adrenergic receptor in mice	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 32, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological evaluation of [125I]- and [123I]-4-iododexetimide, a potent muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist.
AID36869	Inhibition of [3H]prazosin binding to alpha-1 adrenergic receptor from rat cortical membranes	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID36466	In vitro for the displacement of [3H]prazosin binding to bovine Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 40, Issue:17	N-arylpiperazinyl-N'-propylamino derivatives of heteroaryl amides as functional uroselective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID181979	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 1.0 ug/kg intravenous dosing of noradrenaline in pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID35612	Antagonism of norepinephrine induced contraction of rat isolated thoracic aorta.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID37199	Binding affinity against human Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID58204	Systolic blood pressure after 2 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID181117	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 1 hr after 12.5 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID226954	Antagonism of vasopressor responses to epinephrine as a measure of the alpha-1-adrenoceptor blocking activity at 10 mg/kg administered orally was reported	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID167726	Inhibition of specific [3H]prazosin binding (0.2 nM) to rat brain membranes alpha1 adrenoceptor.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4	Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID235334	Selectivity ratio (Alpha-1: Alpha-2)	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 30, Issue:8	Berbanes: a new class of selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID255286	Percent inhibition against Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor at 1 uM	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-03, Volume: 48, Issue:22	2-n-Butyl-9-methyl-8-[1,2,3]triazol-2-yl-9H-purin-6-ylamine and analogues as A2A adenosine receptor antagonists. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological characterization.
AID59001	Heart rate after 2 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID58212	Systolic blood pressure after 8 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID36408	Binding affinity against Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor from human clones.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36639	Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor pA2 value against clonidine in vitro experiment in rat vas deferens	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	alpha-adrenoreceptor reagents. 1. Synthesis of some 1,4-benzodioxans as selective presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists and potential antidepressants.
AID231283	Ratio of binding affinity against human alpha 2a-adrenoceptor by human alpha 1A-adrenoceptor	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID37478	Binding affinity was tested on human Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Pharmacological options in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID61358	Ability to displace [3H]-SCH- 23390 (0.2 nM) from corpus striatum of rat Dopamine receptor D1	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID1221972	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 10 uM of MRP2 inhibitor MK571	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID35852	Alpha-1-adrenergic receptor antagonism was measured on ring segments of rat thoracic aorta contracted by phenylephrine	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a new model of arylpiperazines. 4. 1-[omega-(4-Arylpiperazin-1-yl)alkyl]-3-(diphenylmethylene) - 2, 5-pyrrolidinediones and -3-(9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)-2, 5-pyrrolidinediones: study of the steric requirement
AID63630	Ability to displace [3H]spiperone (0.5 nM) from corpus striatum of rat Dopamine receptor D2; NT=not tested	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID444055	Fraction absorbed in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID187744	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 5 mg/kg dose (po) after 1 h	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 31, Issue:3	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 4. 2-[4-(substituted oxyethoxy) piperidino] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID35468	Binding affinity was tested on human Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Pharmacological options in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID36445	Displacement of [3H]prazosin binding to Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor sites on rat cerebral cortical membranes at 100 nM concentration	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 32, Issue:1	Alkylating prazosin analogue: irreversible label for alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
AID35741	Compound was tested for binding affinity against cloned Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor from rat brain.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID538314	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as reduction of adrenaline-induced increase in diastolic arterial blood pressure at 3 ug/kg, iv administered 30 mins before adrenaline challenge measured after 30 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID177196	Hypotensive activity in anesthetized rats, dose that produced a 30% fall in mean blood pressure	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID35484	The compound was evaluated for the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonistic activity in rat vas deferens vs methoxamine alpha1 adrenoceptor antagonism	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 30, Issue:9	Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists/antagonists: the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of indolin-2-yl and tetrahydroquinolin-2-yl imidazolines.
AID295448	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat assessed as decrease in blood pressure at 5 mg/kg, po after 2 hrs by tail cuff method	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of novel 3-benzyl-2-substituted-3H-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-9-ones.
AID226955	Antagonism of vasopressor responses to epinephrine as a measure of the alpha-1-adrenoceptor blocking activity at 1 mg/kg administered orally was reported	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID387379	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from alpha1 adrenoceptor in rat cortex membrane	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18	Synthesis and biological affinity of new imidazo- and indol-arylpiperazine derivatives: further validation of a pharmacophore model for alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID37335	Binding affinity against Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor from human clone	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID181648	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 1 hr of 10 uM/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID625279	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1578471	Unbound tissue partition coefficient, ratio of drug level in liver to plasma in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID1474167	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID239800	Binding affinity for alpha 1b adrenoceptor	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 48, Issue:15	Range and sensitivity as descriptors of molecular property spaces in dynamic QSAR analyses.
AID36774	Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activity was assessed from the ability to inhibit [3H]yohimbine binding to rat cerebral cortex preparation	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	New 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives combining calcium antagonism and alpha-adrenolytic properties.
AID625285	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1177514	Apparent permeability from basolateral side to apical in MDCK cells expressing MDR1 at 10 uM after 60 mins by LC/MS analysis	2014	Journal of natural products, Aug-22, Volume: 77, Issue:8	Studies toward the Development of Antiproliferative Neoclerodanes from Salvinorin A.
AID174426	Change in systolic blood pressure after 12.5 mg/kg oral administration in spontaneous hypertensive rats after 2 hr	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Antihypertensive pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolines and pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolinones.
AID37509	Binding affinity was determined for the alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-17, Volume: 41, Issue:26	Design and synthesis of novel alpha1a adrenoceptor-selective dihydropyridine antagonists for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID37043	Binding affinity against native Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor from rat hippocampus pretreated with chloroethylclonidine using radioligand ([3H]prazosin) binding assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID177864	Inhibition of 5-HT induced pressor response in pithed rats, after intravenous administration, activity is expressed as ED50	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID1079932	Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID1578469	Unbound tissue partition coefficient, ratio of drug level in brain to plasma in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID625287	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID732420	Efflux ratio of permeability from basolateral to apical side over apical to basolateral in pig LLC-PK1 cells overexpressing human MDR1 relative to efflux ratio in parental cell line	2013	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-10, Volume: 4, Issue:1	De novo prediction of p-glycoprotein-mediated efflux liability for druglike compounds.
AID1221966	Ratio of plasma AUC in po dosed mdr1 knock out mouse to plasma AUC in po dosed wild type mouse	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID382243	Binding affinity to adrenergic alpha1 receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9	Recent advances in selective alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists as antihypertensive agents.
AID1578461	Fraction unbound in Wistar Han rat skeletal muscle at 2 uM incubated for 6 hrs by equilibrium dialysis method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID1581728	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human recombinant adrenergic alpha-1A receptor expressed in CHO cell membranes incubated for 60 mins	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-09, Volume: 63, Issue:1	Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids.
AID172549	Inhibition of phenylephrine induced pressor response in pithed rats (following i.v. administration of 0.31 mg/kg)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID36464	Compound was tested for binding affinity against cloned Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor from bovine brain using radioligand ([3H]prazosin) binding assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID176258	Intravenous dose required to produce 50% inhibition of the phenylephrine pressor response in the spontaneously hypertensive rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Thiophene systems. 9. Thienopyrimidinedione derivatives as potential antihypertensive agents.
AID354905	Vasorelaxant activity against norepinephrine-induced tonic contraction in Wistar rat thoracic aorta at 1 ug/ml	1996	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 59, Issue:5	Antiplatelet of vasorelaxing actions of some benzylisoquinoline and phenanthrene alkaloids.
AID619823	Vasorelaxant activity in Wistar rat thoracic aortic ring assessed as inhibition of norepinephrine hydrochloride-induced contraction treated after noradrenaline challenge	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 19, Issue:20	Design, synthesis and vasorelaxant evaluation of novel coumarin-pyrimidine hybrids.
AID36203	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in alpha2C10	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1219116	Inhibition of human BCRP expressed in MDCK2 cells assessed as reduction of [3H]E-sul substrate transport at 50 uM by liquid scintillation counting	2013	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 41, Issue:1	Evaluation and prediction of potential drug-drug interactions of linagliptin using in vitro cell culture methods.
AID35153	Antagonism of phenylephrine stimulated contraction of the rat isolated spleen.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID1079934	Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID35271	Compound was tested for the inhibition of [3H]prazosin binding Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor of crude rat brain membrane.	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 25, Issue:1	1-(alkylamino)isochromans: hypotensives with peripheral and central activities.
AID1130113	Antagonist activity at alpha1A adrenergic receptor (unknown origin) assessed as inhibition of mobilization of internal calcium at 10 uM by FLIPR assay	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 24, Issue:7	Evaluation of structural effects on 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism by aporphines: identification of a new aporphine with 5-HT(2A) antagonist activity.
AID37868	In vitro binding affinity towards Atrionatriuretic peptide receptor (ANP) using [125I]rANP as radioligand in bovine adrenal zonal glomerulosa membranes	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 33, Issue:1	Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor modulators: effects of disubstituted quinazolines on receptor binding and in vitro biological activity.
AID64960	Ability to displace [3H]spiperone (0.3 nM) from CHO cells of human Dopamine receptor D3	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID1063793	Displacement of [125I]HEAT from adrenergic alpha1B receptor (unknown origin)	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	The synthesis and comparative receptor binding affinities of novel, isomeric pyridoindolobenzazepine scaffolds.
AID592682	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells after 2 hrs by LC/MS/MS analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	QSAR-based permeability model for drug-like compounds.
AID36923	Inhibition of specific [3H]clonidine binding (0.4 nM) to rat brain membranes alpha-2 adrenergic receptor	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4	Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID36028	Ability to inhibit 50% specific binding of [3H]prazosin radioligand to alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in rat cerebrocortex	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	6,7-Dihydro-5-[[(cis-2-hydroxy-trans-3-phenoxycyclopentyl)amino] methyl]-2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one: a novel alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and renal vasodilator.
AID4381	Binding affinity towards 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor was determined in rat cortex membranes using [3H]8-OH-DPAT as radioligand; No data	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16	Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists. 6. Structural optimization of pyridazinone-arylpiperazines. Study of the influence on affinity and selectivity of cyclic substituents at the pyridazinone ring and alkoxy groups at the arylpiperazine moiety.
AID25562	Ionization constant of the compound	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	1,3-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline derivatives as potential alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID59004	Heart rate after 2 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID1221747	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID52790	Inhibition of chymotrypsin at 250 uM	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 46, Issue:21	Identification and prediction of promiscuous aggregating inhibitors among known drugs.
AID680930	TP_TRANSPORTER: ATP hydrolysis in membranes from P-gp expressing insect cells	1997	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Sep-30, Volume: 94, Issue:20	Evidence for two nonidentical drug-interaction sites in the human P-glycoprotein.
AID188893	Percent reduction in Spontaneously hypertensive rat blood pressure after 4.5 hr of 3 mg/kg, po administration	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID35558	Antagonist activity for Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor against norepinephrine in rat vas deferences	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 32, Issue:1	Structure-activity relationships in prazosin-related compounds. Effect of replacing a piperazine ring with an alkanediamine moiety on alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocking activity.
AID382165	Inhibition of MT3 melatonin binding site from hamster brain membrane	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9	Design and synthesis of benzofuranic derivatives as new ligands at the melatonin-binding site MT3.
AID1412497	Antagonist activity at human adrenergic alpha1D receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of noradrenaline-induced receptor activation preincubated for 15 mins followed by serotonin addition and measured after 1 hr by TGFalpha shedding ass	2018	MedChemComm, Mar-01, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Synthesis and evaluation of nuciferine and roemerine enantiomers as 5-HT
AID59009	Heart rate after 4 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID36898	Compound was evaluated for its ability to displace [125I]HEAT binding from rat Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	4-Amino-2-[4-[1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2(S)- [[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-piperazinyl]-6, 7-dimethoxyquinazoline (L-765,314): a potent and selective alpha1b adrenergic receptor antagonist.
AID205267	Inhibition of binding of Batrachotoxinin [3H]BTX-B to high affinity sites on voltage dependent sodium channels in a vesicular preparation from guinea pig cerebral cortex	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	[3H]Batrachotoxinin A 20 alpha-benzoate binding to voltage-sensitive sodium channels: a rapid and quantitative assay for local anesthetic activity in a variety of drugs.
AID588213	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1221976	Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from basolateral to apical side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of BCRP inhibitor Ko143	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID37056	Antagonistic activity against alpha 1A/1L receptor was assessed in a rabbit bladder neck functional assay	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 40, Issue:17	N-arylpiperazinyl-N'-propylamino derivatives of heteroaryl amides as functional uroselective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID231284	Ratio of binding affinity against human alpha 2b-adrenoceptor by human alpha 1A-adrenoceptor	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID444052	Hepatic clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1079940	Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID1581729	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human recombinant adrenergic alpha-1B receptor expressed in CHO cell membranes incubated for 60 mins	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-09, Volume: 63, Issue:1	Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids.
AID194582	Evaluated for blood pressure lowering activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (maximum change of systolic blood pressure (SBP)) at a dose of 1.25 mg/kg	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Thiophene systems. 9. Thienopyrimidinedione derivatives as potential antihypertensive agents.
AID1221980	Transporter substrate index of efflux ratio in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 10 uM of MRP2 inhibitor MK571	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID373867	Hepatic clearance in human hepatocytes in absence of fetal calf serum	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	First-principle, structure-based prediction of hepatic metabolic clearance values in human.
AID193440	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 2 hr at 1.25 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID193417	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 1 hr at 1.25 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID36460	Binding affinity against Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor from bovine clone	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID382239	Binding affinity to adrenergic alpha1H receptor	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9	Recent advances in selective alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists as antihypertensive agents.
AID187748	Antihypertensive activity was determined by percent reduction in blood pressure after 1 hr upon peroral administration of 5 mg/kg dose in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 30, Issue:10	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 3. 2-(4-Heterocyclylpiperazin-1-yl) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID35329	The compound was tested for binding affinity on [3H]- prazosin as specific ligand on Human cloned alpha-1D adrenergic receptor in CHO cells	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Novel adrenoceptor antagonists with a tricyclic pyrrolodipyridazine skeleton.
AID540210	Clearance in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1772568	Efflux ratio of apparent permeability in dog MDCK-II cells	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223	Non-carboxylic acid inhibitors of aldose reductase based on N-substituted thiazolidinedione derivatives.
AID37225	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat adipocyte	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1061889	Displacement of [3H]BTX-B from neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel in rat cerebral cortex synaptoneurosomes after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1	A highly predictive 3D-QSAR model for binding to the voltage-gated sodium channel: design of potent new ligands.
AID239871	Blocking activity was assessed by antagonism of (-)-phenylephrine induced contraction of rat spleen (alpha1B adrenoceptor)	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID227718	Binding energy by using the equation deltaG obsd = -RT ln KD	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Functional group contributions to drug-receptor interactions.
AID37510	Compound was evaluated for its ability to displace [125I]HEAT binding from rat Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	4-Amino-2-[4-[1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2(S)- [[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-piperazinyl]-6, 7-dimethoxyquinazoline (L-765,314): a potent and selective alpha1b adrenergic receptor antagonist.
AID1412498	Selectivity ratio of Kb for human adrenergic alpha1B receptor to Kb for human adrenergic alpha1A receptor	2018	MedChemComm, Mar-01, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Synthesis and evaluation of nuciferine and roemerine enantiomers as 5-HT
AID37337	The compound was tested for binding affinity on [3H]- prazosin as specific ligand on Human cloned alpha-1B adrenergic receptor in CHO cells	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Novel adrenoceptor antagonists with a tricyclic pyrrolodipyridazine skeleton.
AID35162	Affinity was evaluated against Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor in isolated rat spleen expressed as pKB	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Prazosin-related compounds. Effect of transforming the piperazinylquinazoline moiety into an aminomethyltetrahydroacridine system on the affinity for alpha1-adrenoreceptors.
AID36207	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human adipocyte	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID4235	Ability to displace [3H]5-CT (1.5 nM) from HeLa cells of human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID377142	Vasorelaxation activity in rat aorta assessed as inhibition of norepinephrine-induced tonic contraction at 1 ug/ml preincubated for 15 mins relative to control	1999	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6	Chemical constituents and biological activities of the fruit of Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum.
AID35197	Binding affinity towards Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor was determined in rat cortex membranes using [3H]rauwolscine as radioligand; No data	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16	Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists. 6. Structural optimization of pyridazinone-arylpiperazines. Study of the influence on affinity and selectivity of cyclic substituents at the pyridazinone ring and alkoxy groups at the arylpiperazine moiety.
AID226957	Antihypertensive activity was determined in cannulated spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and activity rating was given with respect to MABP values at 10 mg/kg oral dose;a decrease of MABP by >40% at 10 mg/kg and by 10-207	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID354901	Vasorelaxant activity against norepinephrine-induced phasic contraction in Wistar rat thoracic aorta at 1 ug/ml	1996	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 59, Issue:5	Antiplatelet of vasorelaxing actions of some benzylisoquinoline and phenanthrene alkaloids.
AID538316	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as reduction of adrenaline-induced increase in diastolic arterial blood pressure at 3 ug/kg, iv administered 30 mins before adrenaline challenge measured after 1 hr relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID692052	Antagonist activity at adrenergic alpha 1D receptor in rat thoracic aorta assessed as inhibition of noradrenaline-induced contraction after 1 hr	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 46, Issue:7	Discovery of LASSBio-772, a 1,3-benzodioxole N-phenylpiperazine derivative with potent alpha 1A/D-adrenergic receptor blocking properties.
AID476929	Human intestinal absorption in po dosed human	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Neural computational prediction of oral drug absorption based on CODES 2D descriptors.
AID1221961	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY335979	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID37067	Displacement of [3H]prazosin (0.5 nM) from hamster Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor expressed in rat-1 cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID36583	Induction of ptosis after subcutaneous administration at alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in rat	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Characterization of potent and selective antagonists at postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in a series of N4-substituted arylpiperazines.
AID181969	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 0.1 ug/kg intravenous dosing of angiotensin in pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID1473738	Inhibition of human BSEP overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-taurocholate in presence of ATP measured after 15 to 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID237416	Distribution coeeficient for the compound at pH7.4 (Log D7.4)	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-29, Volume: 47, Issue:16	Contribution of ionization and lipophilicity to drug binding to albumin: a preliminary step toward biodistribution prediction.
AID594262	Binding affinity to low affinity melatonin (MT3) site of quinone reductase 2	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Design and synthesis of naphthalenic derivatives as new ligands at the melatonin binding site MT3.
AID1915707	Antagonist activity at Adrenergic alpha-1 receptor (unknown origin)	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-05, Volume: 211	Therapeutic progression of quinazolines as targeted chemotherapeutic agents.
AID37447	Binding affinity towards Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in rat cerebral cortex using [3H]prazosin	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-20, Volume: 13, Issue:2	alpha1-Adrenoceptor antagonists. 5. Pyridazinone-arylpiperazines. Probing the influence on affinity and selectivity of both ortho-alkoxy groups at the arylpiperazine moiety and cyclic substituents at the pyridazinone nucleus.
AID625281	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID37037	Binding affinity for Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor of isolated rat vas deferens as pKB	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Prazosin-related compounds. Effect of transforming the piperazinylquinazoline moiety into an aminomethyltetrahydroacridine system on the affinity for alpha1-adrenoreceptors.
AID181651	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 1 hr of 1 uM/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID37077	Binding affinity against alpha-2 adrenergic receptor by measuring displacement of [3H]clonidine from rat brain cortex membranes (in vitro).	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 36, Issue:15	Studies on quinazolines. 5. 2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline derivatives: a novel class of potent and selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID37229	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat kidney	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID311524	Oral bioavailability in human	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Hologram QSAR model for the prediction of human oral bioavailability.
AID58195	Peak effect after 2-4 hours systolic blood pressure after 1 day of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID36124	pA2 for Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor from human prostate.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Pharmacological options in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID36586	GTP shift value at Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor.	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-31, Volume: 46, Issue:16	Alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists. 6. Structural optimization of pyridazinone-arylpiperazines. Study of the influence on affinity and selectivity of cyclic substituents at the pyridazinone ring and alkoxy groups at the arylpiperazine moiety.
AID58209	Systolic blood pressure after 6 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID425652	Total body clearance in human	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15	Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID64449	Inhibition of [3H]spiperone binding to Dopamine receptor D2 from rat striatal membranes	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID37453	Binding affinity towards alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in rat cortex membrane using [3H]-prazosin radioligand	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-21, Volume: 44, Issue:13	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and pharmacophore generation of new pyridazinone derivatives with affinity toward alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenoceptors.
AID35363	Antagonistic potency of compound for Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of 8-substituted 1-oxa-3,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-ones.
AID37168	Ability to displace [3H]prazosin (0.25 nM) from whole brain of rat alpha-1 adrenergic receptor	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID231285	Ratio of binding affinity against human alpha 2c-adrenoceptor by human alpha 1A-adrenoceptor	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID4358	The compound was tested for binding affinity on [3H]8-OH-DPAT as specific ligand on 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor in rat hippocampus	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Novel adrenoceptor antagonists with a tricyclic pyrrolodipyridazine skeleton.
AID35266	Compound was tested for its binding affinity for alpha-1 adrenergic receptor site by displacement of [3H]clonidine at 10e-6 M concentration	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 30, Issue:1	2,4-diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 1. 2-[4-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID1533477	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side in MDCK cells	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162	Second generation of diazachrysenes: Protection of Ebola virus infected mice and mechanism of action.
AID176455	Peroral dose required to produce a 50 mmHg drop in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the spontaneously hypertensive rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Thiophene systems. 9. Thienopyrimidinedione derivatives as potential antihypertensive agents.
AID177379	In vivo antagonist dose producing two fold shift of cirazoline in pithed rats. (postjunctional)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Indoline analogues of idazoxan: potent alpha 2-antagonists and alpha 1-agonists.
AID35629	Binding affinity at native Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat cerebral cortex by [3H]rauwolscine displacement.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID36619	The compound was tested for binding affinity on [3H]- prazosin as specific ligand on Human cloned alpha-1A adrenergic receptor expressed in CHO cells	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Novel adrenoceptor antagonists with a tricyclic pyrrolodipyridazine skeleton.
AID1079948	Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID231282	Ratio of binding affinity against human alpha 1d-adrenoceptor by human alpha 1A-adrenoceptor	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-04, Volume: 9, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of novel dihydropyridine alpha-1a antagonists.
AID196753	Compound was evaluated for its activity at solubilized receptor (CHAPS/salt-solubilized preparation) from rat frontal cortex	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9	In vitro labeling of serotonin-S2 receptors: synthesis and binding characteristics of [3H]-7-aminoketanserin.
AID4028	Binding affinity was evaluated against 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor on rat hippocampus using [3H]8-OH-DPAT as radioligand; ND = Not determined	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-16, Volume: 41, Issue:15	Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of novel 6-fluorochroman derivatives as potential 5-HT1A receptor antagonists.
AID1412500	Selectivity ratio of Kb for human adrenergic alpha1D receptor to Kb for human adrenergic alpha1B receptor	2018	MedChemComm, Mar-01, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Synthesis and evaluation of nuciferine and roemerine enantiomers as 5-HT
AID346398	Displacement of radiolabeled prazosin from adrenergic alpha1 receptor	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-27, Volume: 51, Issue:22	cis-4-(Piperazin-1-yl)-5,6,7a,8,9,10,11,11a-octahydrobenzofuro[2,3-h]quinazolin-2-amine (A-987306), a new histamine H4R antagonist that blocks pain responses against carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia.
AID36904	Inhibition of [3H]- prazosin binding against Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor from rat submaxillary gland	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-16, Volume: 42, Issue:25	A series of 6- and 7-piperazinyl- and -piperidinylmethylbenzoxazinones with dopamine D4 antagonist activity: discovery of a potential atypical antipsychotic agent.
AID625289	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID174886	Antihypertensive activity on spontaneously hypertensive rats, when administered orally at a dose 3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID181646	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 1 h of 100 umol/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID37172	Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor binding affinity of the compound, value taken from literature	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-21, Volume: 44, Issue:13	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and pharmacophore generation of new pyridazinone derivatives with affinity toward alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenoceptors.
AID752263	Binding affinity to adrenergic alpha1 receptor (unknown origin) by radioligand displacement assay	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 21, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-acetamide stereoisomers as novel positive allosteric modulators of sigma-1 receptor.
AID181792	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 5 hr of 10 uM/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID1772566	Apparent permeability of the compound across apical side to basolateral side in dog MDCK-II cells incubated for 150 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 223	Non-carboxylic acid inhibitors of aldose reductase based on N-substituted thiazolidinedione derivatives.
AID196752	Compound was evaluated for its activity at membrane-bound receptor (M+L+P fraction) from rat frontal cortex	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9	In vitro labeling of serotonin-S2 receptors: synthesis and binding characteristics of [3H]-7-aminoketanserin.
AID1152689	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human recombinant alpha1A adrenoceptor expressed in CHO cells	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 57, Issue:11	Novel arylsulfonamide derivatives with 5-HT₆/5-HT₇ receptor antagonism targeting behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.
AID681560	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT1-expressing HEK293 cells	2002	British journal of pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 136, Issue:6	Expression and pharmacological profile of the human organic cation transporters hOCT1, hOCT2 and hOCT3.
AID1578457	Fraction unbound in Wistar Han rat white adipose tissue at 2 uM incubated for 6 hrs by equilibrium dialysis method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID181794	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 5 hr of 1 uM/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID588212	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID194484	Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) was evaluated in conscious hypertensive rats by peroral administration of compound at 30 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	6,7-Dihydro-5-[[(cis-2-hydroxy-trans-3-phenoxycyclopentyl)amino] methyl]-2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one: a novel alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and renal vasodilator.
AID538305	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in diastolic arterial blood pressure at 30 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID444053	Renal clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1130111	Intrinsic agonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor assessed as mobilization of internal calcium at 10 uM by FLIPR assay	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 24, Issue:7	Evaluation of structural effects on 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism by aporphines: identification of a new aporphine with 5-HT(2A) antagonist activity.
AID63806	Compound was tested for binding affinity against native Dopamine receptor D2 from rat striatum using radioligand [3H]-spiperone)	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID36204	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human HT-29 cells	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1079944	Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID193439	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 2 hr at 0.31 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID398842	Vasorelaxant activity against 3 uM norepinephrine -induced phasic contractions in rat thoracic aorta assessed as muscle contractions at 1 uM pretreated for 15 mins before norepinephrine administration relative to control	1997	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 60, Issue:6	Bioactive alkaloids from Illigera luzonensis.
AID36206	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human Y-79 cells	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35328	Binding affinity against Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor, from human clones.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID205268	Inhibition of binding of Batrachotoxinin [3H]BTX-B to high affinity sites on voltage dependent sodium channels in a vesicular preparation from guinea pig cerebral cortex at 10 uM	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	[3H]Batrachotoxinin A 20 alpha-benzoate binding to voltage-sensitive sodium channels: a rapid and quantitative assay for local anesthetic activity in a variety of drugs.
AID36706	Alpha-1-adrenolytic activity was assessed from the ability to inhibit [3H]prazosin binding to rat cerebral cortex preparation	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	New 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives combining calcium antagonism and alpha-adrenolytic properties.
AID35415	Intrinsic activity for displacement of [3H]- prazosin from Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor of rat cerebral cortex membrane in the absence of 1 nM GTP	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 45, Issue:17	Alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists. 4. Pharmacophore-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new imidazo-, benzimidazo-, and indoloarylpiperazine derivatives.
AID26304	Partition coefficient (logD6.5)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID467612	Fraction unbound in human plasma	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Prediction of volume of distribution values in human using immobilized artificial membrane partitioning coefficients, the fraction of compound ionized and plasma protein binding data.
AID64625	Inhibitory activity against methyl-phenidate-induced gnawing at dopamine receptor D2 in rat	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Characterization of potent and selective antagonists at postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in a series of N4-substituted arylpiperazines.
AID220742	Binding affinity against alpha-2-adrenoceptor was determined by displacement of [3H]-clonidine in rat brain homogenates	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 30, Issue:10	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 3. 2-(4-Heterocyclylpiperazin-1-yl) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID36603	Compound was tested for binding affinity utilizing cloned receptor binding assays by using [125 I]HEAT as radioligand to the human Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	4-Amino-2-[4-[1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2(S)- [[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-piperazinyl]-6, 7-dimethoxyquinazoline (L-765,314): a potent and selective alpha1b adrenergic receptor antagonist.
AID1221755	Efflux ratio of apparent permeability from basolateral to apical over apical to basolateral side of MDCK cells overexpressing BCRP at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID36057	Antagonistic activity against adrenergic alpha-2 receptor in longitudinal muscle strip of the guinea pig ileum using l-norepinephrine as agonist	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 30, Issue:8	Berbanes: a new class of selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID1533478	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side in MDCK cells	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 162	Second generation of diazachrysenes: Protection of Ebola virus infected mice and mechanism of action.
AID455986	Permeability across human Caco-2 cells	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19	Computational modeling of novel inhibitors targeting the Akt pleckstrin homology domain.
AID181659	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 3 hr of 1 uM/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID59149	Heart rate after 6 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID538315	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as reduction of adrenaline-induced increase in systolic arterial blood pressure at 3 ug/kg, iv administered 30 mins before adrenaline challenge measured after 1 hr relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID35601	Compound was evaluated for its ability to displace [125I]HEAT binding from rat Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	4-Amino-2-[4-[1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2(S)- [[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-piperazinyl]-6, 7-dimethoxyquinazoline (L-765,314): a potent and selective alpha1b adrenergic receptor antagonist.
AID699541	Inhibition of human liver OATP2B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E3S uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID1221750	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of MDCK cells at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID340234	Inhibition of alpha 1 adrenergic receptor	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 51, Issue:14	Identification of a potent, selective, and orally active leukotriene a4 hydrolase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity.
AID36360	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]-MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in Malpha-2 4H	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1915706	Inhibition of COX (unknown origin)	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-05, Volume: 211	Therapeutic progression of quinazolines as targeted chemotherapeutic agents.
AID566239	Inhibition of rat alpha1 adrenoceptor	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	Discovery of {1-[4-(2-{hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1H)-yl}-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]cyclooctyl}methanol, systemically potent novel non-peptide agonist of nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor as analgesic for the treatment of neuropathic pain: de
AID592683	Apparent permeability from basolateral side to apical side of human Caco2 cells by LC/MS/MS analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	QSAR-based permeability model for drug-like compounds.
AID36486	Binding affinity was determined for the alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-17, Volume: 41, Issue:26	Design and synthesis of novel alpha1a adrenoceptor-selective dihydropyridine antagonists for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID467611	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Prediction of volume of distribution values in human using immobilized artificial membrane partitioning coefficients, the fraction of compound ionized and plasma protein binding data.
AID624628	Drug-stimulated Pgp ATPase activity ratio determined in MDR1-Sf9 cell membranes with test compound at a concentration of 20uM	2001	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2	Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID37479	Binding affinity measured in CHO cells expressing human cloned Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor expressed as pKi	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Prazosin-related compounds. Effect of transforming the piperazinylquinazoline moiety into an aminomethyltetrahydroacridine system on the affinity for alpha1-adrenoreceptors.
AID547622	Antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes infected in BESM cells measured after 88 hrs postinfection by HTS assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Image-based high-throughput drug screening targeting the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease.
AID189203	Percent reduction of blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rat after 10 min at intraperitoneal administration of 5 mg/kg	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID174425	Change in systolic blood pressure after 12.5 mg/kg oral administration in spontaneous hypertensive rats after 24 hr	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Antihypertensive pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolines and pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolinones.
AID58200	Systolic blood pressure after 0 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID226971	Antihypertensive activity was determined in cannulated spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and maximum decrease of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) at 1 mg/kg oral dose	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID538300	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in systolic arterial blood pressure at 30 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID540209	Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1221978	Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 10 uM of MRP2 inhibitor MK571	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID35274	Evaluated for binding affinity against alpha-1 adrenergic receptor	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-13, Volume: 43, Issue:14	A rapid computational method for lead evolution: description and application to alpha(1)-adrenergic antagonists.
AID239799	Binding affinity for alpha 1a adrenoceptor	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 48, Issue:15	Range and sensitivity as descriptors of molecular property spaces in dynamic QSAR analyses.
AID230409	It is the ratio of DBP/IUP in mongreal dogs	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-17, Volume: 41, Issue:26	Design and synthesis of novel alpha1a adrenoceptor-selective dihydropyridine antagonists for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID1764398	Substrate activity at P-gp (unknown origin) assessed as net efflux ratio	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5	Development of an
AID181138	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 4 hr after 12.5 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID681561	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT2-expressing HEK293 cells	2002	British journal of pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 136, Issue:6	Expression and pharmacological profile of the human organic cation transporters hOCT1, hOCT2 and hOCT3.
AID36640	Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor pA2 value against norepinephrine in vitro experiment in rat anococcygeus.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	alpha-adrenoreceptor reagents. 1. Synthesis of some 1,4-benzodioxans as selective presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists and potential antidepressants.
AID1221982	Fraction absorbed in human	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID5711	Ability to displace [3H]mesulergine (0.5 nM) from SR-3T3 cells of rat 5-HT2C receptor	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-16, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID219630	Non competitive irreversible antagonism at alpha-1A-adrenergic receptors on isolated prostatic Vas deferens from rat.	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 44, Issue:3	Analogues of prazosin that bear a benextramine-related polyamine backbone exhibit different antagonism toward alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID218801	Binding affinity towards human cloned alpha-1D-adrenoceptor using [3H]prazosin as radioligand	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-19, Volume: 44, Issue:15	Phenylpiperazinylalkylamino substituted pyridazinones as potent alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID37187	Compound was tested for binding affinity against cloned Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor from hamster smooth muscle using radioligand ([3H]prazosin) binding assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological profile of the enantiomers of [4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)-cis-octahydroquinoxalin- 1-yl]furan-2-ylmethanone (cyclazosin), a potent competitive alpha 1B- adrenoceptor antagonist.
AID58997	Heart rate after 0 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID624622	Apparent permeability (Papp) from apical to basolateral side determined in MDR1-MDCKII cells	2001	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2	Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID625288	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1221956	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID386625	Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells by confocal microscopy	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1.
AID37390	In vitro binding affinity determined for alpha-2 adrenergic receptor by the percentage displacement of [3H]- clonidine at 10e-6 M	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 30, Issue:6	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 2. 2-(4-Carbamoylpiperidino) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID36854	In vitro binding affinity measured on alpha-1 adrenergic receptor using [3H]prazosin as radioligand.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-17, Volume: 38, Issue:6	High affinity and selectivity on 5-HT1A receptor of 1-aryl-4-[1-tetralin)alkyl]piperazines. 2.
AID1493867	Agonist activity against EphA2 (unknown origin) overexpressed in MDA-MB-231-A2 cells assessed as increase in phosphorylated EphA2 levels at 2 to 50 uM after 30 mins by immunoprecipitation and immunoblot assay relative to 50 uM doxazosin	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143	Design and synthesis of small molecule agonists of EphA2 receptor.
AID37443	Binding affinity to Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor by displacement of [3H]prazosin	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	1,3-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline derivatives as potential alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID58213	Systolic blood pressure after 8 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID625283	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID220728	Binding affinity against alpha-1-adrenoceptor was determined by displacement of [3H]-prazosin in rat brain homogenates.	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 30, Issue:10	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 3. 2-(4-Heterocyclylpiperazin-1-yl) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID1221960	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY335979	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1578456	Fraction unbound in Wistar Han rat plasma at 2 uM incubated for 6 hrs by equilibrium dialysis method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID295450	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat assessed as decrease in blood pressure at 5 mg/kg, po after 4 hrs by tail cuff method	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of novel 3-benzyl-2-substituted-3H-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-9-ones.
AID181124	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 2 hr after 12.5 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID295447	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat assessed as decrease in blood pressure at 5 mg/kg, po after 1 hr by tail cuff method	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of novel 3-benzyl-2-substituted-3H-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-9-ones.
AID59155	Heart rate after 8 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID58995	Heart rate after 0 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID538310	Toxicity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in heart rate at 60 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID195502	Percent reduction in blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at peroral dose of 5 mg/kg was determined after 1 hr	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 30, Issue:1	2,4-diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 1. 2-[4-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID295449	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat assessed as decrease in blood pressure at 5 mg/kg, po after 3 hrs by tail cuff method	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of novel 3-benzyl-2-substituted-3H-[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-9-ones.
AID35431	The compound was tested for binding affinity on [3H]- prazosin as specific ligand on alpha-1 adrenergic receptor cells in rat cerebral cortex	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 42, Issue:1	Novel adrenoceptor antagonists with a tricyclic pyrrolodipyridazine skeleton.
AID36500	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in opossum kidney	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID167725	In vitro antagonist activity against (-)-phenylephrine or (-)-norepinephrine-induced alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction of rabbit isolated pulmonary artery.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4	Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID1507224	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human alpha1A adrenoceptor expressed in CHO cell membranes after 30 mins	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-18, Volume: 136	Quinazoline based α
AID59010	Heart rate after 4 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID226778	Antihypertensive activity was determined in cannulated spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and heart rate responses were reported at 10 mg/kg	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID58203	Systolic blood pressure after 2 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID699539	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID37487	Binding affinity at human cloned Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor in chinese hamster ovary cells by [3H]prazosin displacement.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID181130	Antihypertensive activity as percentage fall in systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 3h after 0.31 mg/kg po administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of spiro[1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-benzo[a]quinolizine-2,5'-oxazolidin-2'-one]s.
AID1581732	Displacement of [3H]RX 821002 from human recombinant adrenergic alpha-2B receptor expressed in CHO cell membranes incubated for 60 mins	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-09, Volume: 63, Issue:1	Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids.
AID721751	Inhibition of human OCT2-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 3 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Discovery of potent, selective multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1, SLC47A1) inhibitors through prescription drug profiling and computational modeling.
AID1578460	Fraction unbound in Wistar Han rat liver at 2 uM incubated for 6 hrs by equilibrium dialysis method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID196755	Compound was evaluated for its activity at solubilized receptor (CHAPS/salt-solubilized preparation) from rat frontal cortex	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9	In vitro labeling of serotonin-S2 receptors: synthesis and binding characteristics of [3H]-7-aminoketanserin.
AID167268	Concentration producing a 40% increase in [3H]- overflow in rabbit pulmonary artery (Functional alpha-antagonist activity)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 31, Issue:3	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 4. 2-[4-(substituted oxyethoxy) piperidino] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID239872	Blocking activity was assessed by antagonism of (-)-noradrenaline induced contraction of rat thoracic aorta (Alpha-1D adrenoceptor)	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID386623	Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells at 100 uM by confocal microscopy	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1.
AID174552	Change in systolic blood pressure after 12.5 mg/kg oral administration in spontaneous hypertensive rats after 4 hr	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Antihypertensive pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolines and pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazolinones.
AID226970	Antihypertensive activity was determined in cannulated spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and maximum decrease of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) at 10 mg/kg oral dose	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID59134	Dose required to reduce blood pressure by 15% (ED15) was calculated.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	6,7-Dihydro-5-[[(cis-2-hydroxy-trans-3-phenoxycyclopentyl)amino] methyl]-2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one: a novel alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and renal vasodilator.
AID43581	Inhibition of beta-lactamase at 100 uM	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 46, Issue:21	Identification and prediction of promiscuous aggregating inhibitors among known drugs.
AID58207	Systolic blood pressure after 4 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID58511	Inhibition of phenylephrine-stimulated urethreal pressure (IUP) by the compound in anesthetized mongreal dogs	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-17, Volume: 41, Issue:26	Design and synthesis of novel alpha1a adrenoceptor-selective dihydropyridine antagonists for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID37227	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat enterocyte	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID58205	Systolic blood pressure after 2 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID625290	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1729930	Equilibrium solubility of the compound in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 incubated for 2 hrs	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209	Synthesis and characterization of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide-based compounds targeting the PA-PB1 interface of influenza A virus polymerase.
AID106804	Compound was tested for the inhibition of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) at 100 uM	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 46, Issue:21	Identification and prediction of promiscuous aggregating inhibitors among known drugs.
AID181981	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 3 Htz electrical stimulation in the pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID218799	Binding affinity towards human cloned alpha-1B-adrenoceptor using [3H]prazosin as radioligand	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-19, Volume: 44, Issue:15	Phenylpiperazinylalkylamino substituted pyridazinones as potent alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID37512	Inhibition of [3H]- prazosin binding against Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor from rat liver	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-16, Volume: 42, Issue:25	A series of 6- and 7-piperazinyl- and -piperidinylmethylbenzoxazinones with dopamine D4 antagonist activity: discovery of a potential atypical antipsychotic agent.
AID59154	Heart rate after 8 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID721752	Inhibition of human MATE2K-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Discovery of potent, selective multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1, SLC47A1) inhibitors through prescription drug profiling and computational modeling.
AID230116	Ratio of phenylephrine ED50/ 5-HT ED50	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID751763	Displacement of [3H]Prazosin from human recombinant alpha1D adrenergic receptor expressed in HEK293 cells at 10 uM after 60 mins relative to control	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	Cinnamides as selective small-molecule inhibitors of a cellular model of breast cancer stem cells.
AID63807	Binding affinity at native Dopamine receptor D2 in rat striatum by [3H]spiperone displacement.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID751903	Binding affinity to adrenergic alpha1 receptor (unknown origin) by radioligand displacement assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies in serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists based on fused pyrrolidone scaffolds.
AID196984	Antagonist activity against phenylephrine-induced alpha1- adrenoceptor mediated vasoconstriction in pithed normotensive rats.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4	Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID624623	Apparent permeability (Papp) from basolateral to apical side determined in MDR1-MDCKII cells	2001	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2	Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID755128	Antagonist activity at alpha1-adrenergic receptor in Wistar rat endothelium denuded thoracic aorta assessed as inhibition of phenylephrine-induced contraction preincubated for 30 mins prior to phenylephrine-challenge	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design and synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline analogs as multi-targeted ligands for α1- and AII-receptors antagonism.
AID58509	Inhibition of phenylephrine-stimulated arterial pressure (DBP) by the compound in anesthetized mongreal dogs	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-17, Volume: 41, Issue:26	Design and synthesis of novel alpha1a adrenoceptor-selective dihydropyridine antagonists for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID1221964	Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from basolateral to apical side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY335979	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1221957	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID35827	Tested for functional alpha-antagonist activity against norepinephrine in rabbit aorta and pulmonary artery.	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 30, Issue:6	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 2. 2-(4-Carbamoylpiperidino) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID62251	Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) was evaluated in anesthetized dog by intravenous administration of compound at 1 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	6,7-Dihydro-5-[[(cis-2-hydroxy-trans-3-phenoxycyclopentyl)amino] methyl]-2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one: a novel alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist and renal vasodilator.
AID35317	Compound was tested for binding affinity utilizing cloned receptor binding assays by using [125 I]HEAT as radioligand to the human Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	4-Amino-2-[4-[1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2(S)- [[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-piperazinyl]-6, 7-dimethoxyquinazoline (L-765,314): a potent and selective alpha1b adrenergic receptor antagonist.
AID37223	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat RG20 clone	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36754	Binding affinity measured in CHO cells expressing human cloned Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor expressed as pKi	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Prazosin-related compounds. Effect of transforming the piperazinylquinazoline moiety into an aminomethyltetrahydroacridine system on the affinity for alpha1-adrenoreceptors.
AID36643	Affinity for alpha-2 adrenergic receptor of rat cerebral cortex was determined by ligand binding using [3H]yohimbine	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID755125	Antihypertensive activity in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of phenylephrine-induced pressor response at 0.36 to 0.72 micromol	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design and synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline analogs as multi-targeted ligands for α1- and AII-receptors antagonism.
AID1221979	Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from basolateral to apical side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 10 uM of MRP2 inhibitor MK571	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1578465	Drug concentration in total heart in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID196734	Inhibition of vasodilating activity was assessed on the epididymal portion of rat vas deferens in the presence of HbO2 in vitro; No data	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-08, Volume: 38, Issue:25	The furoxan system as a useful tool for balancing "hybrids" with mixed alpha 1-antagonist and NO-like vasodilator activities.
AID35299	Ability to displace [3H]prazosin from cloned human Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Discovery of alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor antagonists based on the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist niguldipine.
AID58201	Systolic blood pressure after 0 hours of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID22293	Delta logD (logD6.5 - logD7.4)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID35857	Antagonist potency for alpha 1 adrenoceptor	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Heteroaromatic analogues of the alpha 2-adrenoreceptor partial agonist clonidine.
AID35469	Binding affinity measured in CHO cells expressing human cloned Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor expressed as pKi	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Prazosin-related compounds. Effect of transforming the piperazinylquinazoline moiety into an aminomethyltetrahydroacridine system on the affinity for alpha1-adrenoreceptors.
AID625282	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID190502	Evaluated for blood pressure lowering activity in the conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (time to peak (h)) at a dose of 1.25 mg/kg	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Thiophene systems. 9. Thienopyrimidinedione derivatives as potential antihypertensive agents.
AID239873	Blocking activity was assessed by antagonism of (-)-noradrenaline induced contraction of rat prostatic vas deferens (alpha1A adrenoceptor)	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID1507225	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from human alpha1B adrenoceptor expressed in CHO cell membranes after 30 mins	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-18, Volume: 136	Quinazoline based α
AID1578470	Unbound tissue partition coefficient, ratio of drug level in adipose to plasma in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID588211	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID187745	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 5 mg/kg dose (po) after 6 h	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 31, Issue:3	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 4. 2-[4-(substituted oxyethoxy) piperidino] derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID1221977	Transporter substrate index of efflux ratio in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of BCRP inhibitor Ko143	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1449628	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in baculovirus transfected fall armyworm Sf21 cell membranes vesicles assessed as reduction in ATP-dependent [3H]-taurocholate transport into vesicles incubated for 5 mins by Topcount based rapid filtration method	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Dec, Volume: 40, Issue:12	Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification.
AID187741	Antihypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) by percent reduction in blood pressure at 5 mg/kg peroral administration at 1 hour	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 30, Issue:6	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 2. 2-(4-Carbamoylpiperidino) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID444058	Volume of distribution at steady state in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID35864	Antagonistic activity against postsynaptic Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor in isolated rat vas deferens using (-)-phenylephrine as agonist	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 30, Issue:8	Berbanes: a new class of selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID624626	Ratio of apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side over apical to basolateral side determined in MDR1-MDCKII cells	2001	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2	Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID382241	Antagonistic activity at alpha 1-adrenoceptor in rat	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9	Recent advances in selective alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists as antihypertensive agents.
AID177876	Inhibition of L-5-HTP (L-5-hydroxytryptophan) induced head twitches in rat	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Antihypertensive activity in a series of 1-piperazino-3-phenylindans with potent 5-HT2-antagonistic activity.
AID569585	Displacement of [3H]-prazosin from alpha1-adrenergic receptor in rat cerebral cortex membranes after 30 mins by scintillation counting	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 19, Issue:3	Pharmacophore models based studies on the affinity and selectivity toward 5-HT1A with reference to α1-adrenergic receptors among arylpiperazine derivatives of phenytoin.
AID1221971	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 10 uM of MRP2 inhibitor MK571	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1256395	Antagonist activity at adrenergic alpha1A receptor (unknown origin)	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22	Synthesis and evaluation of aporphine analogs containing C1 allyl isosteres at the h5-HT(2A) receptor.
AID1177515	Apparent permeability from basolateral side to apical in verapamil pretreated MDCK cells expressing MDR1 at 10 uM after 60 mins by LC/MS analysis	2014	Journal of natural products, Aug-22, Volume: 77, Issue:8	Studies toward the Development of Antiproliferative Neoclerodanes from Salvinorin A.
AID35364	Antagonism of the norepinephrine induced contraction of rat isolated prostatic vas deferens.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-19, Volume: 41, Issue:24	Design, synthesis, and biological activity of prazosin-related antagonists. Role of the piperazine and furan units of prazosin on the selectivity for alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID721753	Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells at 20 uM after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Discovery of potent, selective multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1, SLC47A1) inhibitors through prescription drug profiling and computational modeling.
AID36277	Relative potency was determined with respect to Yohimbine against alpha-1 adrenergic receptor	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 30, Issue:8	Berbanes: a new class of selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID547804	Selectivity window, ratio of EC50 for BESM cells to EC50 for Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes infected in BESM cells	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Image-based high-throughput drug screening targeting the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease.
AID1221754	Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of MDCK cells overexpressing BCRP at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID1764401	Ratio of drug concentration in brain to plasma of P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5	Development of an
AID1849948	Antiproliferative activity against human PC-3 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation incubated for 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) in drug discovery paradigm: Recent progress and future challenges.
AID269273	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from adrenergic alpha-1B receptor in rat liver membranes	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15	Design and synthesis of selective alpha1B adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID755119	Fraction unbound in human plasma assessed as release through semipermeable membrane into PBS buffer after 1 to 30 hrs by HPLC analysis	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design and synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline analogs as multi-targeted ligands for α1- and AII-receptors antagonism.
AID219632	Non competitive irreversible antagonism at alpha-1B-adrenergic receptors on isolated spleen from rat.	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 44, Issue:3	Analogues of prazosin that bear a benextramine-related polyamine backbone exhibit different antagonism toward alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes.
AID36707	Alpha-1-adrenolytic activity was assessed in vitro from the ability to inhibit clonidine binding to rat aorta preparation	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	New 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives combining calcium antagonism and alpha-adrenolytic properties.
AID189196	Percent reduction of SHR (Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat) blood pressure at 4.5 hr at a dose 3 mg/kg peroral administration	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	1,3-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline derivatives as potential alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID237474	Percentage of drug bound in bovine plasma albumin	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-29, Volume: 47, Issue:16	Contribution of ionization and lipophilicity to drug binding to albumin: a preliminary step toward biodistribution prediction.
AID692050	Hypotensive activity in New Zealand albino rabbit adrenergic alpha1 receptor assessed as inhibition of phenylephrine-induced rabbit systemic vascular resistance at 100 ug/kg, iv administered as bolus dose	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 46, Issue:7	Discovery of LASSBio-772, a 1,3-benzodioxole N-phenylpiperazine derivative with potent alpha 1A/D-adrenergic receptor blocking properties.
AID193582	Percentage fall in systolic blood pressure after 3 hr at 0.31 mg/kg given perorally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID36282	Antagonistic activity at Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor was performed on ring segments of rabbit thoracic aorta contracted by noradrenaline.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 38, Issue:8	New (2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine derivatives as 5-HT1A receptor ligands with reduced alpha 1-adrenergic activity. Synthesis and structure-affinity relationships.
AID682144	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 0.25 uM) in OCT3-expressing HEK293 cells	2002	British journal of pharmacology, Jul, Volume: 136, Issue:6	Expression and pharmacological profile of the human organic cation transporters hOCT1, hOCT2 and hOCT3.
AID187177	In vitro specific binding activity against [3H]prazosin.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID1079941	Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID29811	Oral bioavailability in human	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID35297	Binding affinity was determined for the alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-17, Volume: 41, Issue:26	Design and synthesis of novel alpha1a adrenoceptor-selective dihydropyridine antagonists for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID1079943	Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID36753	Binding affinity was tested on human Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Pharmacological options in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
AID181655	Antihypertensive activity as fall in systolic blood pressure after 3 hr of 100 umol/kg po dosing in Spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some new quinazoline derivatives.
AID538308	Toxicity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in heart rate at 15 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID1473741	Inhibition of human MRP4 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID35895	Alpha-2 Adrenoceptor blocking activity as antagonism of clonidine-induced depression of field-stimulated prostatic rat vas deferens	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-19, Volume: 36, Issue:6	Structure-activity relationships in prazosin-related compounds. 2. Role of the piperazine ring on alpha-blocking activity.
AID1221975	Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of BCRP inhibitor Ko143	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID36611	In vitro binding affinity against alpha-1A adrenergic receptor of human liver microsomes	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 42, Issue:23	Design and synthesis of novel alpha(1)(a) adrenoceptor-selective antagonists. 2. Approaches to eliminate opioid agonist metabolites via modification of linker and 4-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenylpiperidine moiety.
AID365572	Activation of [3H]prazosin uptake at transport-P transporter protein in mouse GT1-1 cells at 1 uM relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15	Molecular features of the prazosin molecule required for activation of Transport-P.
AID181983	Increase in diastolic blood pressure for 6 Htz electrical stimulation in the pithed rats	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 31, Issue:5	Antihypertensive thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of some 2-aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with vasodilator activity.
AID382242	Half life in human plasma at 0.5 mg/kg	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9	Recent advances in selective alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists as antihypertensive agents.
AID540211	Fraction unbound in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID36393	Ability to displace [3H]rauwolscine from cloned human Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Discovery of alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor antagonists based on the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist niguldipine.
AID1508596	Compound was evaluated for binding affinity towards alpha-1 adrenergic receptors from combinatorial peptoid library	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	Discovery of nanomolar ligands for 7-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors from a diverse N-(substituted)glycine peptoid library.
AID1764400	Unbound brain concentration in P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat at 5 mg/ml/kg, po measured upto 4 hrs by LC-MS analysis	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5	Development of an
AID37222	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat RG10 clone	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID294856	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Computational approach to the basicity of a series of alpha1-adrenoceptor ligands in aqueous solution.
AID1578472	Unbound tissue partition coefficient, ratio of drug level in skeletal muscle to plasma in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID35361	Antagonistic activity against presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in isolated rat vas deferens using xylazine as agonist	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 30, Issue:8	Berbanes: a new class of selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
AID187753	Antihypertensive activity was determined by percent reduction in blood pressure after 6 hr upon peroral administration of 5 mg/kg dose in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 30, Issue:10	2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 3. 2-(4-Heterocyclylpiperazin-1-yl) derivatives as alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents.
AID408809	Displacement of [3H]prazosin from alpha-1-adrenoceptor in Wistar rat cerebral cortex membrane	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11	Synthesis, alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist activity, and SAR study of novel arylpiperazine derivatives of phenytoin.
AID35603	Binding affinity against Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor, from rat clones.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID58196	Peak effect after 2-4 hours systolic blood pressure after 1 days of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.3 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID1581731	Displacement of [3H]RX 821002 from human recombinant adrenergic alpha-2A receptor expressed in CHO cell membranes incubated for 60 mins	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-09, Volume: 63, Issue:1	Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids.
AID36363	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]-MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in mouse NG-108 cells	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID624629	Inhibition of Pgp expressed in MDR1-MDCKII cells measured by calcein-AM assay	2001	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2	Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID248964	Antioxidant activity against formation of ROS was determined in t-BuOOH treated LNCaP cells after 24 hr of incubation with compounds (1-100 uM); Not active at 100 uM	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of prazosin-related derivatives as multipotent compounds.
AID58208	Systolic blood pressure after 4 hr of oral administration in renal hypertensive dogs at dose 0.5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis, in vitro [3H]prazosin displacement, and in vivo activity of 3-aryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines, a new class of antihypertensive agents.
AID36172	Affinity for alpha-1 adrenoceptor of rat cerebral cortex was determined by ligand binding using [3H]prazosin	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	Antihypertensive 9-substituted 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-ones.
AID625284	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1256394	Antagonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor assessed as inhibition of 5-HT-mediated internal calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22	Synthesis and evaluation of aporphine analogs containing C1 allyl isosteres at the h5-HT(2A) receptor.
AID1578467	Drug concentration in total skeletal muscle in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID218825	Ratio of pA2 value against alpha-2 to alpha1 adrenoceptor	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 26, Issue:6	alpha-adrenoreceptor reagents. 1. Synthesis of some 1,4-benzodioxans as selective presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists and potential antidepressants.
AID36474	Ability to displace [3H]prazosin from cloned human Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Discovery of alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor antagonists based on the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist niguldipine.
AID547621	Cytotoxicity against BESM cells after 88 hrs by HTS assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Image-based high-throughput drug screening targeting the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease.
AID35908	Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in bovine pineal	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35343	Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist activity against agonist (clonidine) in isolated rat vas deferens	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	2-[[[2-(2,6-Dimethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]-methyl] -1,4-benzoxathian: a new antagonist with high potency and selectivity toward alpha 1-adrenoreceptors.
AID1221958	Efflux ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side over basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID538303	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in systolic arterial blood pressure at 5 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID226786	Antagonism of vasopressor responses to epinephrine as a measure of the alpha-1-adrenoceptor blocking activity at 0.5 mg/kg administered orally was reported	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Octahydropyrazino[2',3':3,4]pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A new class of potent antihypertensive agents.
AID1578464	Drug concentration in total brain in Wistar Han rat at 1 to 2 mg/kg, iv infused for 10 to 20 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Structural attributes influencing unbound tissue distribution.
AID239884	pKa value of the compound	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-29, Volume: 47, Issue:16	Contribution of ionization and lipophilicity to drug binding to albumin: a preliminary step toward biodistribution prediction.
AID36618	Binding affinity against Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor from human clone	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18	Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID538306	Hypotensive activity in anaesthetized albino rat assessed as change in diastolic arterial blood pressure at 60 mg/kg, ip after 5 mins relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	New octahydroquinazoline derivatives: synthesis and hypotensive activity.
AID1473740	Inhibition of human MRP3 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 10 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID1221753	Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of MDCK cells overexpressing BCRP at 2 uM after 60 to 120 mins	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	The role of a basolateral transporter in rosuvastatin transport and its interplay with apical breast cancer resistance protein in polarized cell monolayer systems.
AID1079947	Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID540213	Half life in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID35574	Ratio of alpha1, alpha2 adrenoceptor antagonistic activity was expressed as slelctivity ratio	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 24, Issue:11	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a series of 8-substituted 1-oxa-3,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-ones.
AID1221962	Efflux ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side over basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY335979	2011	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2	Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID588519	A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities	2011	Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3	High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID540299	A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21	Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	3179 (42.36)	18.7374
1990's	2398 (31.96)	18.2507
2000's	1168 (15.57)	29.6817
2010's	621 (8.28)	24.3611
2020's	138 (1.84)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	713 (9.01%)	5.53%
Reviews	307 (3.88%)	6.00%
Case Studies	182 (2.30%)	4.05%
Observational	3 (0.04%)	0.25%
Other	6,709 (84.77%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
CSP #563 - Prazosin and Combat Trauma PTSD (PACT) [NCT00532493]	Phase 3	304 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-06	Completed
Prazosin for Noncombat Trauma PTSD [NCT00183430]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to Insufficient Enrollment)
Prazosin Augmentation of Outpatient Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorders in Active Duty Soldiers With and Without PTSD [NCT02226367]		158 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
a Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial Exploring the Target Engagement and Tolerability of Terazosin Hydrochloride in Patients With Dementia With Lewy Bodies [NCT04760860]	Phase 1/Phase 2	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-10-31	Not yet recruiting
Effectiveness of Prazosin on the Urinary Sodium Excretion Response to Mental Stress in a Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Design [NCT02431936]	Phase 2	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-04-30	Completed
Double-blind, Randomised, Parallel-group, Three-arm, Dose Range, Placebo-controlled, Proof-of-concept Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Tolerability and Safety of a Combination of Cypropheptadine and Prazosin on Alcohol Consumption in Patients With Severe A [NCT04108104]	Phase 2	154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-11-30	Completed
Repurposing alpha1 Noradrenergic Antagonists for Alcoholism Treatment [NCT02966340]	Phase 1/Phase 2	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-01	Completed
Prazosin for Disruptive Agitation in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (PEACE-AD) [NCT03710642]	Phase 2	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-23	Completed
Prazosin and CSF Biomarkers in mTBI [NCT03221751]	Phase 4	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-01	Completed
Preliminary Study About the Efficacy of an α1 Blocker (Prazosin) in Preventing the Occurrence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Patients With Acute Stress [NCT03045016]	Phase 2	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-21	Completed
Pilot Trial of Varenicline and Prazosin to Treat Heavy Drinking Smokers [NCT02193256]	Early Phase 1	5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Effect of Tamsulosin vs Prazosin in Treatment of Female Voiding Dysfunction [NCT00602186]	Phase 1/Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Active, not recruiting
Open Label 8-Week Study of Prazosin Use in Adults With Anxiety Disorders [NCT03894345]	Phase 1	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-24	Suspended(stopped due to COVID-19)
Noradrenergic Biomarkers in PTSD: Precision Medicine & Mechanisms [NCT03539614]	Phase 3	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-06-04	Recruiting
Association Between Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Use and COVID-19 Severity and Mortality Among US Veterans [NCT04467931]		22,213 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-01-19	Completed
The Use of Prazosin for Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Dependence (AD) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). [NCT00744055]	Phase 3	96 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Comparative Study of Efficacy of Antiscorpion Venom Serum(AScVS)vs Prazosin in the Management of Severe Scorpion(Mesobuthus Tamulus Concanesis Pocock)Envenomation and Evaluation of Effects of the Combination of AScVS + Prazosin Therapy. [NCT00753064]	Phase 3	81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-09-30	Completed
Evaluation of Alfuzosin as Medical Expulsion Therapy for Ureteral Stones [NCT00713739]	Phase 3	240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Recruiting
Effect of Prazosin on Neurophysiologic Responses and Cognitive Performance in PTSD [NCT00890643]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Primary investigator left VA employment)
The Clinical Efficacy of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammation Drugs in Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Prospective Randomized Multicenter Trial [NCT00687388]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-05-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to in order to prepare a new clinical trial to evaluate with pathological change)
Prazosin Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder With Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms [NCT04793685]	Phase 1/Phase 2	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-01	Recruiting
Pilot Study to Assess the Feasibility of Prazosin for Cannabis Use Disorder in Individuals With or Without Post-traumatic Stress Disorder [NCT04721353]	Phase 4	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-09	Recruiting
Prazosin as a Novel Treatment for Smoking Cessation [NCT01642433]	Phase 2	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Terminated
Prazosin vs. Paroxetine in Combat Stress Symptoms in OIF/OEF Returnees [NCT00261729]		210 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2004-07-31	Completed
Administration of Prazosin to Prevent PTSD After Sexual Assault [NCT03997864]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-02-23	Recruiting
A Placebo-Controlled Augmentation Trial of Prazosin for PTSD [NCT00990106]		67 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
[NCT00693199]		360 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-07-31	Completed
Monoamine Antagonist Therapies for Methamphetamine Abuse Prazosin [NCT01178138]	Phase 2	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Prazosin for the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence [NCT00167687]	Phase 4	23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-09-30	Completed
Prophylactic Value of Prazosin in Reducing the Objective and Subjective Measures of Autonomic Dysreflexia Provoked by Ejaculation in Men With Spinal Cord Injury [NCT00175682]		7 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-12-31	Completed
Mechanism of Increased Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients With Intradialytic Hypertension and Hemodialysis Controls: A Case Control Study and Crossover Trial Comparing Carvedilol and Prazosin Hydrochloride [NCT01862497]		76 participants (Actual)	Observational	2013-01-31	Completed
A Proof of Concept Study to Evaluate Differential Tachyphylaxis of Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 Adrenoreceptor Mediated Decongestant Response to Oxymetazoline and Its Acute Reversal by Corticosteroid in Healthy Volunteers [NCT00487032]	Phase 4	19 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-05-31	Completed
Prazosin Treatment for Disruptive Agitation in Alzheimer's Disease [NCT01126099]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
Secondary Prophylaxis After Variceal Bleeding: Combined Treatment With Endoscopic Ligation and Nadolol Against Nadolol Associated With Mononitrate of Isosorbide or Prazosin According to Hemodynamic Response. [NCT00450164]	Phase 4	50 participants	Interventional	2000-11-30	Completed
Alzheimer's in Long-Term Care--Treatment for Agitation [NCT00161473]		24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-01-31	Completed
The Effects of Prazosin on the Attention-Enhancing Effects of Nicotine in Healthy Non-Smokers [NCT03416569]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Unanticipated staff changes are preventing completion within funding period.)
Prazosin Treatment for Combat Trauma PTSD Nightmares and Sleep Disturbance [NCT00108420]	Phase 4	0 participants	Interventional	2003-10-31	Completed
Prazosin to Reduce Stress-Induced Alcohol/Drug Craving and Relapse [NCT00585780]	Phase 1/Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
Chronic Postconcussive Headache: A Placebo-Controlled Treatment Trial of Prazosin [NCT02266329]	Phase 1/Phase 2	166 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-04	Completed
Two Stepped Care Models for PTSD Among Cambodian Refugees With PTSD [NCT01542372]	Phase 4	114 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Inadequate flow of patients)
The Effect of Prazosin for Nighttime Symptoms of Civilian PTSD [NCT00174551]		20 participants	Interventional	2003-11-30	Active, not recruiting
Randomized Double Blind Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Prazosin Versus Placebo Associated With Peg-Interferon Alpha 2b and Ribavirin for Initial Treatment of Patients With Hepatitis C With Genotype 1 or 4 and Severe Fibrosis [NCT00148837]	Phase 2	112 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-09-30	Active, not recruiting
The Pathophysiology and Treatment of Supine Hypertension in Patients With Autonomic Failure [NCT00223717]	Phase 1	152 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-01-31	Completed
Prospective Study Investigating Optimal Duration of Indwelling Urinary Catheter Following Infraperitoneal Colorectal Surgery and Role of Postoperative Alpha Blockade [NCT01923129]		142 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Completed
Exploring the Effects of Prazosin on Basal Dopamine in Healthy Humans: A [11C]-(+)-PHNO PET Pilot Study [NCT01999530]	Phase 1	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Completed
[NCT02655354]		635 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-31	Completed
Prazosin for the Prophylaxis of Chronic Post-Traumatic Headaches in OEF/OIF/OND Service Members and Veterans With Mild TBI [NCT02965027]	Phase 4	228 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-11-29	Active, not recruiting
Prazosin as an Antimanic Agent in Severe Mania or Mixed Episodes: a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study [NCT01621165]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to unable to recruit subjects given short length of stay in hospital)
Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through Treatment of Nightmares-PTSD [NCT02199652]	Phase 4	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Prazosin in Individuals With Co-occurring Alcohol Dependence and PTSD Seeking Abstinence [NCT01518972]	Phase 2	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
Alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonism to Prevent COVID-19 Cytokine Storm Syndrome and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Study Comparing the Efficacy of Prazosin vs. Standard of Care for SARS-CoV-2 Infection [NCT04365257]	Phase 2	5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-05-13	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of recruitment)
The Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Nicotine in E-cigarettes (ACE) Study [NCT03010995]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-13	Withdrawn(stopped due to Study discontinued due to lack of study funding.)
A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Prazosin vs. Paroxetine in Combat Stress-Related PTSD Nightmares and Sleep Disturbance [NCT00202449]		59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-07-31	Terminated(stopped due to recruitment difficulties)
A Phase 1, Open-label, Fixed-sequence, Cross-over Trial to Assess the Effects of a Single Dose of Prazosin or Propranolol in the Presence of Brexpiprazole/Sertraline at Steady-state on Blood Pressure [NCT05189977]	Phase 1	24 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-08-22	Recruiting
The Role of the Alpha 1-adrenergic Antagonist, Prazosin, in the Reduction of Craving and Relapse in Alcohol and Cocaine-dependent Individuals: a Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT00240227]		8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Experimental procedure did not induce sufficient craving to determine any possible effect of medication.)
[NCT01916941]		36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Completed
Effectiveness of Prazosin in Bulimic Patients Experiencing Nightmares Due to PTSD [NCT02382848]		9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-31	Completed
A 2 COHORT, SINGLE DOSE, OPEN-LABEL, RANDOMIZED, PIVOTAL BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY TO QUALIFY MANUFACTURING SITE TRANSFER FROM BARCELONETA TO ASCOLI FOR PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE CAPSULES IN HEALTHY ADULT PARTICIPANTS UNDER FASTED CONDITIONS [NCT04967443]	Phase 1	72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-22	Completed
Efficacy of Adjunct Sleep Interventions for PTSD [NCT00393874]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-10-31	Completed
Clinical Trial of the Adrenergic Alpha-1 Antagonist Prazosin for Alcohol Dependence [NCT00762710]	Phase 2	92 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
Neurobiology of Sleep and Sleep Treatment Response in Returning Veterans [NCT01637584]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-04-30	Completed
A Phase 1, Open-label, Cross-over Study in Healthy Volunteers to Assess the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Prazosin and Cyproheptadine Following Single Dose Oral Administration of KT110 Tablet and Following Administration of Alpress and Periactin Marketed Tab [NCT06147622]	Phase 1	8 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-02-29	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Prazosin and Naltrexone on Personalized Script-Induced Alcohol Craving in Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorders With and Without Comorbid PTSD [NCT02322047]	Phase 2	31 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-03	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial	Outcome
NCT00161473 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Behavioral Assessment Visits Completed
NCT00161473 (4) [back to overview]	Mean Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) at Last Observation
NCT00161473 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Total Score Over the Course of Study Participation
NCT00161473 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Total Score Over the Course of Study Participation
NCT00183430 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Recurring Distressing Dreams and Difficulty Falling and Staying Asleep Items of the CAPS
NCT00183430 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Sleep Assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
NCT00183430 (3) [back to overview]	Clinical Global Impression of Change
NCT00202449 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Sleep From the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index From Baseline to Week 12
NCT00202449 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Global Trauma-related Symptom Severity and Functioning From the Clinical Global Impression of Change From Baseline to Week 12
NCT00202449 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Combat Trauma-related Nightmares From the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item at Week 12
NCT00393874 (4) [back to overview]	PSG Composite Measure
NCT00393874 (4) [back to overview]	Insomnia Severity Index
NCT00393874 (4) [back to overview]	PSQI
NCT00393874 (4) [back to overview]	Sleep Diary Measures
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	CAPS Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC)
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C)
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	CAPS Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Clinical Global Impression of Change
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9)
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	PTSD Checklist-Military Version (PCL-M) Score
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI)
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	SF-12 Mental Standardized Score (SF-12 MCS)
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	SF-12 Physical Standardized Score (SF-12 PCS)
NCT00532493 (13) [back to overview]	Total CAPS Score
NCT00585780 (2) [back to overview]	Percent of Drinkings Days During the Full Dose Period Between Weeks 3 and 12
NCT00585780 (2) [back to overview]	Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days (HDD%) During the Full Dose Period From Weeks 3-12
NCT00744055 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Drinking Days
NCT00744055 (2) [back to overview]	Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale
NCT00762710 (1) [back to overview]	Alcohol Consumption
NCT00990106 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV (CAPS) Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item
NCT00990106 (3) [back to overview]	Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
NCT00990106 (3) [back to overview]	Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC)
NCT01126099 (4) [back to overview]	Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Clinical Global Impression of Change
NCT01126099 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale Total Score
NCT01126099 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Neuropsychiatric Inventory Score
NCT01126099 (4) [back to overview]	Days in Study
NCT01178138 (3) [back to overview]	Blood Pressure Effects of Prazosin on Methamphetamine
NCT01178138 (3) [back to overview]	Heart Effects of Prazosin on Methamphetamine
NCT01178138 (3) [back to overview]	Self-report Effects of High.
NCT01518972 (4) [back to overview]	Percent Drinking Days Per Week
NCT01518972 (4) [back to overview]	Percent Heavy Drinking Days Per Week
NCT01518972 (4) [back to overview]	Total Drinks Per Week
NCT01518972 (4) [back to overview]	PTSD Symptom Assessments
NCT01542372 (6) [back to overview]	Change in the Cambodian Culturally Sensitive Complaint Profile at 12 Weeks in Step II
NCT01542372 (6) [back to overview]	Change in the HSCL Anxiety Scale at 12 Weeks in Step II
NCT01542372 (6) [back to overview]	Change in the HSCL Depression Scale at 12 Weeks in Step II
NCT01542372 (6) [back to overview]	Change in the PTSD Checklist (PCL) at 12 Weeks in Step II
NCT01542372 (6) [back to overview]	Change in the SCL Anger Severity at 12 Weeks in Step II
NCT01542372 (6) [back to overview]	Change in the SF-12 at 12 Weeks in Step II
NCT01637584 (2) [back to overview]	Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI):
NCT01637584 (2) [back to overview]	Whole Brain Relative Regional Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Glucose
NCT01916941 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Standard Alcoholic Drinks Consumed Per Week (Drinks Per Week)
NCT01923129 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Acute Urinary Retention
NCT01923129 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With a Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection
NCT01999530 (1) [back to overview]	Changes in [11C]-(+)-PHNO Binding (Measured as Binding Potential) in Dorsal Caudate (DC)
NCT02199652 (3) [back to overview]	Disturbing Dreams and Nightmare Severity Index
NCT02199652 (3) [back to overview]	Change Score for Scale for Suicide Ideation
NCT02199652 (3) [back to overview]	Insomnia Severity Index
NCT02226367 (1) [back to overview]	Change in Penn Alcohol Craving Scale Score
NCT02322047 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Percent Heavy Drinking Days (PHDD) (Visit 8 PHDD - Visit 2 PHDD)
NCT02322047 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Alcohol Craving (Visit 8 PACS - Visit 2 PACS)
NCT02322047 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Mean Drinks Per Day of Drinking (Visit 8 - Visit 2)
NCT02322047 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Percent Drinking Days (PDD) (Visit 8 PDD - Visit 2 PDD)
NCT02382848 (5) [back to overview]	Decrease in Total CAPS Score (PTSD)
NCT02382848 (5) [back to overview]	Decrease in Self Harm Thoughts as Measured by the HDRS and Subject Interview
NCT02382848 (5) [back to overview]	Decrease in Bulimia Symptoms
NCT02382848 (5) [back to overview]	Decrease in Frequency of Nightmares Using the Sleep-50 Questionnaire
NCT02382848 (5) [back to overview]	Decrease in Depressed Mood as Measured by the HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and Subject Interview
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Cognitive Impairment Scale
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Endorsing a Single Item That Assesses Marijuana Use
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Endorsing a Single Item That Assesses Opioid Use
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Endorsing a Single Item That Assesses Stimulant Use
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline Short Form (SF)-12/36 Physical Function Over the Course of the Year After Injury
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	SF-36 Quality of Life
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	TSOS Patient Satisfaction: Mental Health Care
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	TSOS Patient Satisfaction: Overall Health Care
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Suicidal Ideation
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline Patient Health Questionnaire 9 Item Depression Scale Over the Course of the Year After Injury
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Over the Course of the Year After Injury
NCT02655354 (13) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline PTSD Checklist- Civilian (PCL-C) Over the Course of the Year After Injury
NCT02966340 (2) [back to overview]	Startle Potentiation During Stress Reactivity Task.
NCT02966340 (2) [back to overview]	Self-reported Anxiety Potentiation During Stress Reactivity Task.
NCT03710642 (7) [back to overview]	Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI)/Neuropsychiatry Inventory-Nursing Home Version (NPI-NH)
NCT03710642 (7) [back to overview]	Rescue Medication: Total mg Lorazepam Administered
NCT03710642 (7) [back to overview]	Responder Analysis on CGIC-A
NCT03710642 (7) [back to overview]	Study Discontinuations
NCT03710642 (7) [back to overview]	Caregiver Distress on NPI/NPI-NH
NCT03710642 (7) [back to overview]	ADCS-Clinical Global Impression of Change in Agitation (ADCS-CGIC-A)
NCT03710642 (7) [back to overview]	ADCS-ADL-Severe
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Incidence of Symptomatic Hypotension or Hypotension Requiring Cessation of Prazosin
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Hospitalized, Requiring Mechanical Ventilation and/or High Flow Nasal Cannula and/or ICU/CCU Admission (or Equivalent) and/or ECMO
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Cumulative Incidence of Grade 3 and 4 Adverse Events
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Death
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Laboratory Abnormalities in Plasma
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Laboratory Abnormalities in Peripheral Blood
NCT04365257 (8) [back to overview]	Hospitalized, Requiring Supplemental Oxygen, Not Requiring ICU/CCU Level Care (or Interventions Listed Under Outcome 2)

Intervention	number of visits (Mean)
Prazosin	4.8
Placebo	4.5

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Prazosin	2.6
Placebo	4.5

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Prazosin	-19
Placebo	-2

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Prazosin	-9
Placebo	-3

Intervention	Units on a Scale (Mean)
Prazosin	-2.00
Placebo	-1.09

Intervention	Units on a Scale (Mean)
Prazosin	4
Placebo	2.09

Intervention	Units on a Scale (Mean)
Prazosin	2.33
Placebo	3.27

Intervention	scale points (Mean)
Prazosin	-2.33
Paroxetine	-6.44
Placebo	-3.33

Intervention	scale points (Mean)
Prazosin	3.14
Paroxetine	2.11
Placebo	2.33

Intervention	scale points (Mean)
Prazosin	-1.29
Paroxetine	-3.11
Placebo	-2.67

Intervention	percentage of time asleep vs time in bed (Mean)
	Sleep Efficiency : Baseline	Sleep Efficiency: Post
Behavioral	78.9	84.5
Medication	82.0	89.2
Placebo	87.1	89.1

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Screening	Post	Follow-up
Behavioral	16.5	6.8	5.5
Medication	16.4	9.3	7.0
Placebo	14.8	11.8	8.7

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	PSQI: Baseline	PSQI: Post	PSQI: 4-month follow up
Behavioral	16.5	5.5	5.5
Medication	16.4	7.6	5.9
Placebo	14.8	8.9	7.5

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	SE Pre Treatment	SE Post Treatment	NF Pre Treatment	NF Post Treatment
Behavioral	85.5	94.8	.09	.0
Medication	84.5	92.2	1.0	.3
Placebo	85.8	90.1	.4	.5

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
Prazosin Group	-1.9
Placebo Group	-1.7

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
Prazosin	3.3
Placebo	3.3

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
Prazosin	-2.3
Placebo	-2.1

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 6	Change at Week 10	Change at Week 14	Change at Week 18	Change at Week 22	Change at Week 26
Placebo	2.2	-0.3	-0.2	-0.4	-0.1	-0.3	-0.3
Prazosin	2	-0.3	-0.4	-0.2	-0.2	-0.2	-0.3

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 6	Change at Week 10	Change at Week 14	Change at Week 18	Change at Week 22	Change at Week 26
Placebo Group	6.3	-1.4	-1.7	-2.5	-2.4	-2.5	-2.2
Prazosin Group	6.3	-1.3	-1.9	-2.2	-1.8	-2.4	-2.3

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
	Week 6	Week 10	Week 14	Week 18	Week 22	Week 26
Placebo	3.3	3.3	3	3	2.9	2.9
Prazosin	3.2	3.3	3	3.2	2.9	2.9

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 6	Change at Week 10	Change at Week 14	Change at Week 18	Change at Week 22	Change at Week 26
Placebo	14.6	-2.8	-2.2	-2.6	-2.4	-2.5	-2.8
Prazosin	13.7	-1.6	-1.9	-1.9	-1.6	-2.2	-2

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 6	Change at Week 10	Change at Week 14	Change at Week 18	Change at Week 22	Change at Week 26
Placebo	14.7	-2.4	-2.1	-2.7	-2.8	-2.7	-2.7
Prazosin	14.4	-2.1	-2.3	-3.1	-2.4	-2.9	-2.9

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 6	Change at Week 10	Change at Week 14	Change at Week 18	Change at Week 22	Change at Week 26
Placebo	64.3	-6.2	-5.8	-7.6	-8.4	-9.2	-9.7
Prazosin	62.5	-6.3	-7	-8.1	-7.2	-7.1	-8.2

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. dihydroxybenzoic acid : Any member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives.. 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It occurs naturally in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta.	2	1	0	dihydroxybenzoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
2,3-diphosphoglycerate 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate: A highly anionic organic phosphate which is present in human red blood cells at about the same molar ratio as hemoglobin. It binds to deoxyhemoglobin but not the oxygenated form, therefore diminishing the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. This is essential in enabling hemoglobin to unload oxygen in tissue capillaries. It is also an intermediate in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1). (From Stryer Biochemistry, 4th ed, p160; Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p508). 2,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid : A bisphosphoglyceric acid that is glyceric acid carrying two phospho substituents at positions 2 and 3.	1.97	1	0	bisphosphoglyceric acid; tetronic acid derivative	human metabolite
3-phenylpropionic acid 3-phenylpropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-phenylpropionic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 3 by a phenyl group.	1.96	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid	antifungal agent; human metabolite; plant metabolite
gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.	4.94	37	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule
aminolevulinic acid Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.	1.97	1	0	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid	antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
5-hydroxytryptophan 5-Hydroxytryptophan: The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.. 5-hydroxytryptophan : A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5.	3.48	8	0	hydroxytryptophan	human metabolite; neurotransmitter
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	3.29	6	0	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
acetamide acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.	2.05	1	0	acetamides; carboximidic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia
adenine [no description available]	3.25	6	0	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
agmatine Agmatine: Decarboxylated arginine, isolated from several plant and animal sources, e.g., pollen, ergot, herring sperm, octopus muscle.	2.94	4	0	guanidines; primary amino compound	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
allantoin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; vulnerary
ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.	2.92	1	0	azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant
anthranilic acid anthranilic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #565. anthranilic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid having a single amino substituent located at position 2. It is a metabolite produced in L-tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the central nervous system.	2	1	0	aminobenzoic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.	3.59	9	0	acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
beta-alanine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; beta-amino acid	agonist; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; inhibitor; neurotransmitter
betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.	3.87	3	0	amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative	fundamental metabolite
bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	1.96	1	0	halide anion; monoatomic bromine
butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.	1.99	1	0	fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
carbamates [no description available]	4.44	1	1	amino-acid anion
carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas.	2.69	3	0	carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound	biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent
aminooxyacetic acid Aminooxyacetic Acid: A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.. (aminooxy)acetic acid : A member of the class of hydroxylamines that is acetic acid substituted at postion 2 by an aminooxy group. It is a compound which inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, resulting in increased levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.	2.37	2	0	amino acid; hydroxylamines; monocarboxylic acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
carnitine [no description available]	3.12	5	0	amino-acid betaine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	2	1	0	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
choline [no description available]	3.37	7	0	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.	2.9	4	0	tricarboxylic acid	antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	4.69	29	0	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.	1.98	1	0	chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride	mouse metabolite
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	2.96	4	0	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	3.41	7	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
phloroglucinol Phloroglucinol: A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primarily as a laboratory reagent.. phloroglucinol : A benzenetriol with hydroxy groups at position 1, 3 and 5.	2.07	1	0	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	algal metabolite
2-aminoacetaldehyde 2-aminoacetaldehyde: structure. 2-aminoacetaldehyde : An amino aldehyde that is acetaldehyde in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by an amino group.	1.96	1	0	amino aldehyde; omega-aminoaldehyde	Escherichia coli metabolite
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	2.38	2	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
3-hydroxybutyric acid 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.. 3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics.	2.67	3	0	(omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid; 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid	human metabolite
bupropion Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	5.14	14	0	aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
guaiacol Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.	2.07	1	0	guaiacols	disinfectant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; expectorant; plant metabolite
malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.	1.96	1	0	2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
phosphoglycolate phosphoglycolate: RN given refers to parent acid. 2-phosphoglycolic acid : The O-phospho derivative of glycolic acid.	1.96	1	0	carboxyalkyl phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents.	3.93	13	0	catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid	human metabolite
aminocaproic acid Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.	4.06	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; epsilon-amino acid; omega-amino fatty acid	antifibrinolytic drug; hematologic agent; metabolite
fosmidomycin fosmidomycin: from Streptomyces lavendulae; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in second source. fosmidomycin : Propylphosphonic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a formyl(hydroxy)amino group. An antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces lavendulae, it specifically inhibits DXP reductoisomerase (EC 1.1.1.267), a key enzyme in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis.	2.05	1	0	hydroxamic acid; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 1.1.1.267 (1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase) inhibitor
creatine [no description available]	2.43	2	0	glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical
alanine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion	fundamental metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	6.49	17	1	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
dihydroxyacetone [no description available]	1.95	1	0	ketotriose; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antifungal agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	2.91	4	0	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	4.07	15	0	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane Lindane: An organochlorine insecticide made up of greater than 99% gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane. It has been used as a pediculicide and scabicide, and shown to cause cancer.. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane : The beta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane.	1.96	1	0	chlorocyclohexane
glycine [no description available]	5	9	1	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	3.48	8	0	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
glyoxylic acid glyoxylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glyoxylic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid bearing an oxo group at the alpha carbon atom.	2.03	1	0	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; aldehydic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hydrogen carbonate Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.	5.02	13	0	carbon oxoanion	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
histamine [no description available]	6.99	42	2	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	2.89	4	0	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
hydroquinone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzenediol; hydroquinones	antioxidant; carcinogenic agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; skin lightening agent
imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1.	2.38	2	0	imidazole
iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..	2	1	0	diatomic iodine	nutrient
dihydroxyphenylalanine Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.	2.9	4	0	hydroxyphenylalanine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; tyrosine derivative	human metabolite
kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.	1.97	1	0	aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline	human metabolite
thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.	3.33	2	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid	fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	3.12	5	0	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.	4.12	16	0	cyclitol; hexol
melatonin [no description available]	6.15	49	0	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
n-acetylserotonin N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.	2.01	1	0	acetamides; N-acylserotonin; phenols	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
acetanilide acetanilide: a phenylacetamide; use ACETANILIDES for the plural group meaning of the singular term. N-phenylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.07	1	0	acetamides; anilide	analgesic
nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28.	2.4	2	0	metal allergen; nickel group element atom	epitope; micronutrient
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	2.67	3	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.	4.09	4	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3	antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidine bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position 2.	2.06	1	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridine alkaloid; pyrrolidine alkaloid
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	15.28	37	2	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
nitric acid Nitric Acid: Nitric acid (HNO3). A colorless liquid that is used in the manufacture of inorganic and organic nitrates and nitro compounds for fertilizers, dye intermediates, explosives, and many different organic chemicals. Continued exposure to vapor may cause chronic bronchitis; chemical pneumonitis may occur. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nitric acid : A nitrogen oxoacid of formula HNO3 in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to a hydroxy group and by equivalent bonds to the remaining two oxygen atoms.	2.03	1	0	nitrogen oxoacid	protic solvent; reagent
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	3.23	6	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species	human metabolite
nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.. dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream.	1.99	1	0	gas molecular entity; nitrogen oxide	analgesic; bacterial metabolite; food packaging gas; food propellant; general anaesthetic; greenhouse gas; inhalation anaesthetic; NMDA receptor antagonist; raising agent; refrigerant; vasodilator agent
orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
oxalic acid Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.	1.96	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.	2.05	1	0	aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion	allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
4-nitrophenol 4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.	1.98	1	0	4-nitrophenols	human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.	2.4	2	0	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
phenol [no description available]	2.4	2	0	phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.	2.05	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid; phenylacetic acids	allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; auxin; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; toxin
phenethylamine phenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7016. 2-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine having the phenyl substituent at the 2-position.	3.48	8	0	alkaloid; aralkylamine; phenylethylamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phosphoric acid phosphoric acid: concise etchant is 37% H3PO4. phosphoric acid : A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom.	1.96	1	0	phosphoric acids	algal metabolite; fertilizer; human metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent
phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvate: A monocarboxylic acid anion derived from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid. It is a metabolic intermediate in GLYCOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS; and other pathways.. phosphoenolpyruvate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resuting from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid.. phosphoenolpyruvic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid substituted by a phosphonooxy group at position 2. It is a metabolic intermediate in pathways like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.	2.03	1	0	carboxyalkyl phosphate; monocarboxylic acid	fundamental metabolite
1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.	1.97	1	0	propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	metabolite; protic solvent
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	4.09	4	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.	3.81	11	0	methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate	coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).	3.87	3	0	hydroxymethylpyridine; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyrogallol benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.	1.97	1	0	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	plant metabolite
pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.	5.1	5	0	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid	cofactor; fundamental metabolite
quinolinic acid Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.	1.97	1	0	pyridinedicarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
selenious acid Selenious Acid: A selenium compound with the molecular formula H2SO3. It used as a source of SELENIUM, especially for patients that develop selenium deficiency following prolonged PARENTERAL NUTRITION.	1.97	1	0	selenium oxoacid
spermine [no description available]	1.98	1	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
taurine [no description available]	2.9	4	0	amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion	antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.	3.59	2	0	primary alcohol; vitamin B1	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thymine [no description available]	3.92	12	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	2.38	2	0	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
tryptamine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	aminoalkylindole; aralkylamino compound; indole alkaloid; tryptamines	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	2.69	3	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	5.88	9	3	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	5.23	12	1	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
xanthine 7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated.. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated.	1.97	1	0	xanthine	Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydroxyflavan
epibatidine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	alkaloid
2,3-dichloro-alpha-methylbenzylamine 2,3-dichloro-alpha-methylbenzylamine: inhibitor of phenethanolamine N-methyltransferase; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.39	2	0
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors.	3.86	12	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	NMDA receptor antagonist
sk&f 81297 [no description available]	2.01	1	0	benzazepine
7-hydroxy-2-n,n-dipropylaminotetralin 7-hydroxy-2-N,N-dipropylaminotetralin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0	tetralins
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin: A serotonin 1A-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin.. 8-OH-DPAT : A tetralin substituted at positions 1 and 7 by hydroxy and dipropylamino groups respectively	5.43	61	0	phenols; tertiary amino compound; tetralins	serotonergic antagonist
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid: An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.	3.11	5	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
bremazocine [no description available]	2.46	2	0
3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid: structure given in first source; NMDA receptor antagonist	1.99	1	0
4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd without isomeric designation; a serotonin agonist. 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methylethylamine : An organoiodine compound that is amphetamine bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 5 as well as an iodo substituent at position 4.	3.96	13	0	amphetamines; dimethoxybenzene; organoiodine compound
ibotenic acid Ibotenic Acid: A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.	2.04	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	neurotoxin
gallopamil Gallopamil: Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.	4.14	16	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
normetanephrine Normetanephrine: A methylated metabolite of norepinephrine that is excreted in the urine and found in certain tissues. It is a marker for tumors.	3.26	6	0	catecholamine
2-(n-phenethyl-n-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralin 2-(N-phenethyl-N-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralin: potent, specific D2 dopamine receptor agonist; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.02	1	0	tetralins
sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393	4.06	15	0	benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound
1h-3-benzazepin-7-ol, 8-bromo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl- 1H-3-benzazepin-7-ol, 8-bromo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-: stereoselective antagonist of dopamine receptor	1.97	1	0	benzazepine
vanilmandelic acid Vanilmandelic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It is an end-stage metabolite of CATECHOLAMINES; EPINEPHRINE; and NOREPINEPHRINE.. vanillylmandelic acid : An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid.	1.99	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; phenols	human metabolite
menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.	2.05	1	0	p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol	volatile oil component
perillic acid perillic acid: d-limonene metabolite; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate [no description available]	2.06	1	0	catechin
1,2-dioctanoylglycerol 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol: functions as bioregulator of protein kinase C in human platelets	1.99	1	0
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group.	3.83	11	0	oxopurine	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
1-(1-naphthyl)piperazine 1-(1-naphthyl)piperazine: serotonin agonist; structure given in first source	2.38	2	0	N-arylpiperazine
pk 11195 PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine	3.32	6	0	aromatic amide; isoquinolines; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent
1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide 1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide: RN given refers to parent cp; a 5-HT3 receptor agonist	2	1	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine: supposed metabolite of TRAZODONE; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine carrying a 3-chlorophenyl substituent at position 1. It is a metabolite of the antidepressant drug trazodone.	2.94	4	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-arylpiperazine	drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; serotonergic agonist; xenobiotic
1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole 1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole: an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in mouse	2	1	0	imidazoles
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.	5.71	11	2	aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid	fluorescent probe
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4.	2.43	2	0	methylpyridines; phenylpyridine; tetrahydropyridine	neurotoxin
1h-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one: structure given in first source; inhibits guanylyl cyclase. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one : A member of the class of oxadiazoloquinoxalines that is 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline substituted at position 1 by an oxo group.	1.99	1	0	oxadiazoloquinoxaline	EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor
hoe 33342 BXI-72: structure in first source	2.94	4	0	bibenzimidazole; N-methylpiperazine	fluorochrome
2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.	6.97	1	0	dinitrophenol	allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: mutagen from fried ground beef; structure given in first source. PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, amino, and phenyl groups, respectively. It is the most abundant of the mutagenic heterocyclic amines found in cooked meat and fish.	2.04	1	0	imidazopyridine; primary amino compound	carcinogenic agent; mutagen
2-methyl-5-ht 2-methyl-5-HT: M-receptor agonist	1.97	1	0	tryptamines	serotonergic agonist
2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate: is a novel membrane-penetrable modulator and transient receptor potential channel blocker; structure in first source; do not confuse with 2-APB cpd. 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane : An organoboron compound that is diphenylborane in which the borane hydrogen is replaced by a 2-aminoethoxy group.	2.75	3	0	organoboron compound; primary amino compound	calcium channel blocker; IP3 receptor antagonist; potassium channel opener
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin : A member of the class of isocoumarins that is isocoumarin substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 4. It is a serine protease inhibitor.	2.04	1	0	isocoumarins; organochlorine compound	geroprotector; serine protease inhibitor
3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine: An amphetamine derivative that inhibits uptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters. It is a hallucinogen. It is less toxic than its methylated derivative but in sufficient doses may still destroy serotonergic neurons and has been used for that purpose experimentally.	2.39	2	0	benzodioxoles
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine: An N-substituted amphetamine analog. It is a widely abused drug classified as a hallucinogen and causes marked, long-lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. It is commonly referred to as MDMA or ecstasy.. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole substituted by a 2-(methylamino)propyl group at position 5.	4.91	11	0	amphetamines; benzodioxoles	neurotoxin
3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine: decarboxylase inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0	phenols
enprofylline enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.	2.74	3	0	oxopurine	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
4-aminopyridine [no description available]	4.06	15	0	aminopyridine; aromatic amine	avicide; orphan drug; potassium channel blocker
4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium 4-diphenylacetoxy-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium: muscarinic receptor antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; do not confuse abbreviation 4-DAMP with a similar cpd which does not contain dimethyl groups. 4-DAMP(1+) : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by formal methylation of the tertiary amino function of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine.	1.98	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite.	3.07	5	0	guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenytoin [no description available]	5.63	24	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
5-(n,n-hexamethylene)amiloride 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride: inhibitor of Na+-H+ exchange; has anti-HIV-1 activity. 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the two amino hydrogens at position N-5 are replaced by a hexamethylene moiety, resulting in the formation of an azepane ring.	1.97	1	0	aromatic amine; azepanes; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; odorant receptor antagonist; sodium channel blocker
ethylisopropylamiloride ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group.	2.69	3	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; neuroprotective agent; sodium channel blocker
5-carboxamidotryptamine 5-carboxamidotryptamine: agonist of 5-HT receptor; structure given in first source	3.25	6	0	tryptamines
5-hydroxydecanoate 5-hydroxydecanoic acid: Potassium Channel Blocker; RN refers to parent cpd	2	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid
hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.	4.94	12	0	indole-3-acetic acids	drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
5-methoxytryptamine 5-Methoxytryptamine: Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives.. 5-methoxytryptamine : A member of the class of tryptamines that is the methyl ether derivative of serotonin.	3.08	5	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound; tryptamines	5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist; 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor agonist; 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor agonist; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; radiation protective agent; serotonergic agonist
6-fluoronorepinephrine 6-fluoronorepinephrine: agonist for activation of alpha & beta adrenergic-sensitive cyclic AMP-generating systems; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	3.24	6	0	catechols
7-nitroindazole 7-nitroindazole: an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase; exhibits anti-nociceptive activity without increasing blood pressure	2.45	2	0
8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline: adenosine antagonist	3.08	5	0
8-phenyltheophylline 8-phenyltheophylline: purinergic P1 receptor antagonist	3.68	10	0
oxyquinoline Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.	2.07	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline	antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug; iron chelator
tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	3.9	12	0	acridines; aromatic amine	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	7.98	19	4	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	11.21	25	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetarsol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	acetamides; anilide
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	4.63	8	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.	2.05	1	0	acetophenones; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.85	3	0	acetohydroxamic acids; carbohydroximic acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
ethacridine Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent.	2.07	1	0	acridines
4-(acetylamino)benzeneacetic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	acetamides; anilide
adiphenine adiphenine: was heading 1963-94; use DIPHENYLACETIC ACIDS to search ADIPHENINE 1966-94	2.07	1	0	diarylmethane
1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid 1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid: structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
aklomide aklomide: structure	2.07	1	0	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
alaproclate alaproclate: specific 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors; RN given refers to (DL)-isomer	3.23	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester
albendazole [no description available]	3.87	3	0	aryl sulfide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	anthelminthic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).	8.28	35	3	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alendronate alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.	3.56	2	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); primary amino compound	bone density conservation agent; EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin alfuzosin: structure given in first source	13.43	63	4	monocarboxylic acid amide; quinazolines; tetrahydrofuranol	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
alminoprofen alminoprofen: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alminoprofen : A substituted aniline that is ibuprofen in which the isobutyl group is replaced by a (2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)amino group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used for treatment of inflammatory and rheumatic disorders.	2.06	1	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
alosetron alosetron : A pyrido[4,3-b]indole compound having a 5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group at the 2-position.	4.06	4	0	imidazoles; pyridoindole	antiemetic; gastrointestinal drug; serotonergic antagonist
alpha-methylserotonin alpha-methylserotonin: potent agonist at M & D receptors of serotonin; RN given refers to parent cpd	3.26	6	0	tryptamines	serotonergic agonist
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.37	2	0
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	4.91	11	0	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
alprenolol Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.	5.72	27	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	3.85	3	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
am 251 AM 251: an analog of SR141716A; structure given in first source. AM-251 : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 1-aminopiperidine. An antagonist at the CB1 cannabinoid receptor.	2.05	1	0	amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; organoiodine compound; pyrazoles	antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; CB1 receptor antagonist
amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source	6.14	15	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic
ambenonium ambenonium : A symmetrical oxalamide-based bis-quaternary ammonium ion having ethyl and 2-chlorobenzyl groups attached to the nitrogens.	3.23	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ambroxol Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
amfenac amfenac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. amfenac : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is benzophenone in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by an amino group and a carboxymethyl group at position 2 and 3, respectively. The corresponding carboxamide, nepafenac, is a prodrug of amfenac and is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.	2.06	1	0	amino acid; benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amfonelic acid amfonelic acid: CNS-stimulant	1.96	1	0
diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	4.04	4	0	acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.	3.56	2	0	diamine; organic thiophosphate	antioxidant; prodrug; radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.	2.97	4	0	dicarboximide; piperidones; substituted aniline	adrenergic agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.	2.74	3	0	guanidines; one-carbon compound	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.	4.09	4	0	N-acylglycine	Daphnia magna metabolite
ampyrone Ampyrone: A metabolite of AMINOPYRINE with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used as a reagent for biochemical reactions producing peroxides or phenols. Ampyrone stimulates LIVER MICROSOMES and is also used to measure extracellular water.	2.08	1	0	primary amino compound; pyrazolone	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; marine xenobiotic metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
theophylline [no description available]	7.03	43	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.	5.38	18	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiovascular drug
dan 2163 [no description available]	2.75	3	0	aromatic amide; aromatic amine; benzamides; pyrrolidines; sulfone	environmental contaminant; second generation antipsychotic; xenobiotic
amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.	10.82	29	0	carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic
amlexanox amlexanox: SRA-A antagonist;structure given in first source. amlexanox : A pyridochromene-derived monocarboxylic acid having an amino substituent at the 2-position, an oxo substituent at the 5-position and an isopropyl substituent at the 7-position.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; pyridochromene	anti-allergic agent; anti-ulcer drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.	14.21	20	3	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
amobarbital Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.	2.92	4	0	barbiturates
amodiaquine Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.	2.52	2	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; phenols; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
amosulalol amosulalol: RN given is for mono-HCl; structure given in first source	3.48	8	0	sulfonamide
amoxapine Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.	4.08	4	0	dibenzooxazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonin uptake inhibitor
amprolium Amprolium: A veterinary coccidiostat that interferes with THIAMINE metabolism.. amprolium : An organic chloride salt having 1-[(4-amino-2-propylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-2-methylpyridin-1-ium as the counterion. Used for prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and cattle.. amprolium(1+) : A pyridinium ion that is the cationic portion of amprolium, a veterinary drug which is used for prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and cattle.	2.07	1	0	pyridinium ion	coccidiostat
amsacrine Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.	3.3	6	0	acridines; aromatic ether; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole [no description available]	4.25	5	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.	2.05	1	0	methoxybenzenes
anisindione anisindione: structure. anisindione : A cyclic beta-diketone consisting of indane-1,3-dione having a 4-methoxyphenyl substituent at the 4-position.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ketone; beta-diketone	anticoagulant; vitamin K antagonist
antazoline Antazoline: An antagonist of histamine H1 receptors.. antazoline : A member of the class of imidazolines that is 2-aminomethyl-2-imidazoline in which the exocyclic amino hydrogens are replaced by benzyl and phenyl groups. Antazoline is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	2.07	1	0	aromatic amine; imidazolines; tertiary amino compound	cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
9-anthroic acid 9-anthroic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; chloride channel blocker; do not confuse with c-ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) which is frequently abbreviated as ANCA. 9-anthroic acid : An anthroic acid carrying the carboxy substituent at position 9.	2.01	1	0	anthroic acid
anthralin Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.	2.47	2	0	anthracenes	antipsoriatic
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	9.12	15	0	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetovanillone apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.	2.04	1	0	acetophenones; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone	antirheumatic drug; EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug; plant metabolite
6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-10,11-diol [no description available]	2.47	2	0	aporphine alkaloid
apraclonidine apraclonidine: relieves postoperative intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty; RN given refers to parent cpd. apraclonidine : An imidazoline that is 2-amino 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoline in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens has been replaced by a 4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	4.68	29	0	dichlorobenzene; guanidines; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; diagnostic agent; ophthalmology drug
arcaine arcaine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,4-diguanidinobutane : A guanidine derivative consisting of butane having guanidino groups at the 1- and 4-positions.	2.04	1	0	guanidines
arecoline Arecoline: An alkaloid obtained from the betel nut (Areca catechu), fruit of a palm tree. It is an agonist at both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in the form of various salts as a ganglionic stimulant, a parasympathomimetic, and a vermifuge, especially in veterinary practice. It has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands.. arecoline : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with a methyl group at position 1, and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3. An alkaloid found in the areca nut, it acts as an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine.	2.68	3	0	enoate ester; methyl ester; pyridine alkaloid; tetrahydropyridine	metabolite; muscarinic agonist
arotinolol arotinolol: structure given in first source; arotinolol is the (+-)-isomer	2.88	4	0	aromatic amide; thiophenes
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	11.45	33	0	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
astemizole Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.	3.92	12	0	benzimidazoles; piperidines	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	13.29	170	63	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.	4.54	7	0	aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
azelaic acid nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.	2.42	2	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; plant metabolite
azelastine azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.95	4	0	monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
azosemide azosemide : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide which is substituted at positions 2, 4, and 5 by chlorine, (2-thienylmethyl)amino and 1H-tetrazol-5-yl groups, respectively. It is a diuretic that has been used in the management of oedema and hypertension.	2.05	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide; tetrazoles; thiophenes	loop diuretic
azepexole [no description available]	7.59	43	0
baclofen [no description available]	5.25	16	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant
barbital 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).	2.05	1	0	barbiturates	drug allergen
bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.	3.99	14	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
bendazac bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.	3.59	2	0	indazoles; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.	6.76	7	3	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
benextramine benextramine: RN given refers to parent cpd	10.16	15	0
benoxathian benoxathian: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	8.94	13	0
benserazide Benserazide: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.. benserazide : A carbohydrazide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of DL-serine with the primary amino group of 4-(hydrazinylmethyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as its hydrochloride salt as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.	2.46	2	0	carbohydrazide; catechols; primary alcohol; primary amino compound	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
benzbromarone Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.	4.42	6	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone	uricosuric drug
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	2.43	2	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
benzocaine Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.	3.12	5	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline	allergen; antipruritic drug; sensitiser; topical anaesthetic
benzothiazide benzothiazide: structure. benzthiazide : 7-Sulfamoyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by chlorine and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzylsulfanylmethyl group. A diuretic, it is used to treat hypertension and edema.	2.07	1	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
benzyl benzoate benzyl benzoate: structure; acarosan, a moist powder composed of wetted cellulose and benzyl benzoate, is used on carpets as an acaricide. benzyl benzoate : A benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia.	2.01	1	0	benzoate ester; benzyl ester	acaricide; plant metabolite; scabicide
bepridil Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.	3.71	10	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
berberine [no description available]	4.06	15	0	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
bethanidine Bethanidine: A guanidinium antihypertensive agent that acts by blocking adrenergic transmission. The precise mode of action is not clear.	3.05	1	0	guanidines	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent
betaxolol [no description available]	5.06	13	0	propanolamine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bethanechol Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.	5.39	11	0	carbamate ester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscarinic agonist
bevantolol bevantolol: structure given in first source. bevantolol : A propanolamine that is 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by 3-methylphenyl and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl. A beta1 adrenoceptor antagonist, it has been shown to be as effective as other beta-blockers for the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2.72	3	0	propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; calcium channel blocker
bicalutamide bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.	4.89	6	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; sulfone; tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502 bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.	2.47	2	0	biphenyls; imidazoles
biperiden Biperiden: A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.. biperiden : A member of the class of piperidines that is N-propylpiperidine in which the methyl hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy, phenyl, and 5-norbornen-2-yl groups. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.	4.04	4	0	piperidines; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antidote to sarin poisoning; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
bisacodyl Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)	3.88	3	0	diarylmethane
bisindolylmaleimide i bisindolylmaleimide I: a bis(indolyl)maleimide	3.62	9	0
bisoprolol Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.	4.92	11	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bithionol Bithionol: Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.. bithionol : An aryl sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which each phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by hydroxy and at positions 3 and 5 by chlorine. A fungicide and anthelmintic, it was used in various topical drug products for the treatment of liver flukes, but withdrawn after being shown to be a potent photosensitizer with the potential to cause serious skin disorders.	2.08	1	0	aryl sulfide; bridged diphenyl antifungal drug; bridged diphenyl fungicide; dichlorobenzene; organochlorine pesticide; polyphenol	antifungal agrochemical; antiplatyhelmintic drug
bmy 7378 [no description available]	3.1	5	0	piperazines
bretylium bretylium: RN given refers to parent cpd. bretylium : A quaternary ammonium cation having 2-bromobenzyl, ethyl and two methyl groups attached to the nitrogen. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.	3.28	6	0	quaternary ammonium ion	adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent
brimonidine [no description available]	2.67	3	0	imidazoles; quinoxaline derivative; secondary amine	adrenergic agonist; alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent
bromazepam Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	3.12	5	0	organic molecular entity
bromhexine Bromhexine: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744). bromhexine : A substituted aniline that is 2,4-dibromoaniline which is substituted at position 6 by a [cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl group. It is used (as the monohydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough (i.e. a cough characterised by the production of sputum).	2.07	1	0	organobromine compound; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	mucolytic
bromopride bromopride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.75	3	0	benzamides
bromisovalum Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.	2.05	1	0	N-acylurea; organobromine compound
seratrodast [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity
bronopol [no description available]	2.08	1	0	nitro compound
brotizolam brotizolam: structure	2.72	3	0	organic molecular entity
buflomedil buflomedil: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym LL 1656 refers to HCl; structure	4.51	5	1	aromatic ketone
bumetanide [no description available]	5.27	16	0	amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide	diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bunazosin bunazosin: structure	8.6	29	3	quinazolines
bupivacaine Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.	4.62	8	0	aromatic amide; piperidinecarboxamide; tertiary amino compound
bupranolol Bupranolol: An adrenergic-beta-2 antagonist that has been used for cardiac arrhythmia, angina pectoris, hypertension, glaucoma, and as an antithrombotic.	3.93	13	0	aromatic ether
buspirone Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.	5.67	25	0	azaspiro compound; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organic heteropolycyclic compound; piperidones; pyrimidines	anxiolytic drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; sedative; serotonergic agonist
busulfan [no description available]	4.86	10	0	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent
secbutabarbital secbutabarbital: Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital) should be distinguished from Butobarbital	3.23	1	0	barbiturates
butacaine butacaine: was MH 1965-92; BUTAPROBENZ & BUTOCAIN were see BUTACAINE 1978-92; use 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID to search BUTACAINE 1966-92	2.71	3	0	benzoate ester
butalbital butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates	analgesic; sedative
butamben butamben: structure. butamben : An amino acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-aminobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Its local anaesthetic properties have been used for surface anaesthesia of the skin and mucous membranes, and for relief of pain and itching associated with some anorectal disorders.	2.4	2	0	amino acid ester; benzoate ester; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	local anaesthetic
butenafine butenafine: studied on experimental dermatophytosis. butenafine : Trimethylamine in which hydrogen atoms attached to different methyl groups are substituted by 1-naphthyl and 4-tert-butylphenyl groups. It is an inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, an enzyme responsible for the creation of sterols needed in fungal cell membranes, and is used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of dermatological fungal infections.	2.02	1	0	naphthalenes; tertiary amine	antifungal drug; EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor
cadralazine cadralazine: structure given in first source	8.36	1	1	organic molecular entity
caffeine [no description available]	11.06	37	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	11.72	138	7	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
metrizoate Metrizoic Acid: A diagnostic radiopaque that usually occurs as the sodium salt.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid	radioopaque medium
camostat camostat : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-guanidinobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate. It is a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and its mesylate salt is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients.	2.08	1	0	benzoate ester; carboxylic ester; diester; guanidines; tertiary carboxamide	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifibrinolytic drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; serine protease inhibitor
candesartan cilexetil candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects	2.42	2	0	biphenyls
candesartan candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.	4.25	5	0	benzimidazolecarboxylic acid; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
carbamylcholine [no description available]	2.07	1	0
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	6.5	24	0	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carbinoxamine carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.	3.81	3	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
carbofuran Carbofuran: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	1.96	1	0	1-benzofurans; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nematicide
carisoprodol Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.	4.06	4	0	carbamate ester	muscle relaxant
carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.	3.15	5	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
carprofen carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.	2.47	2	0	carbazoles; organochlorine compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; photosensitizing agent
carteolol Carteolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.	4.5	5	1	quinolone; secondary alcohol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
carvedilol [no description available]	8.76	33	3	carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
cefuroxime Cefuroxime: Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, GONORRHEA, and HAEMOPHILUS.. cefuroxime : A 3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin compound having a 7-(2Z)-2-(furan-2-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido side chain.	3.12	1	0	carbamate ester; cephalosporin
celecoxib [no description available]	4.42	6	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celiprolol Celiprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used in the management of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.	2.88	4	0	aromatic ketone
cetirizine Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.	4.76	9	0	ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; piperazines	anti-allergic agent; environmental contaminant; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
cgp 12177 CGP 12177 : A benzimidazole that is benzimidazol-2-one substituted at position 4 by a 3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy group.	4.63	27	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic antagonist
chelerythrine chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae.	4.16	16	0	benzophenanthridine alkaloid; organic cation	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
chloral hydrate [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aldehyde hydrate; ethanediol; organochlorine compound	general anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; sedative; xenobiotic
chlorambucil Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.	4.93	11	0	aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
chlorcyclizine chlorcyclizine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); CHLOROCYCLIZINE & HISTACHLORAZINE were see CHLORCYCLIZINE 1977-94; use PIPERAZINES to search CHLORCYCLIZINE 1966-94; histamine H1-blocker used both orally and topically in allergies and also for the prevention of motion sickness	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
chlordiazepoxide Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.	4.83	10	0	benzodiazepine
chlormezanone Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.	5.45	4	1	1,3-thiazine; lactam; monochlorobenzenes; sulfone	antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; muscle relaxant
chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.	5.48	20	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.	11.53	8	2	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
chloroxylenol chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.	2.47	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; molluscicide
chlorpheniramine Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.	5.43	19	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidepressant; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	12.7	47	0	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.	5	12	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	12.52	16	3	isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	4.52	7	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; organochlorine compound	muscle relaxant; sedative
cifenline [no description available]	3.14	5	0	diarylmethane
ciclopirox [no description available]	2.75	3	0	cyclic hydroxamic acid; hydroxypyridone antifungal drug; pyridone	antibacterial agent; antiseborrheic
ciglitazone ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist.	2.47	2	0	aromatic ether; thiazolidinone	antineoplastic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug
cilostazol [no description available]	3.61	2	0	lactam; tetrazoles	anticoagulant; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; fibrin modulating drug; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	11.19	42	0	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
aricine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	cinchona alkaloid
cinoxacin Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.	2.72	3	0	cinnolines; oxacycle; oxo carboxylic acid	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate [no description available]	2.94	4	0	cyclopropanes; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.	5.34	17	0	aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic
cirazoline cirazoline: posseses agonist properties at alpha-adrenoreceptor sites; RN given refers to parent cpd	9.95	38	0	aromatic ether
cisapride Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.	3.63	9	0	benzamides
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.	10.59	23	0	2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound
clebopride clebopride: antidopaminergic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.4	2	0	piperidines
clenbuterol Clenbuterol: A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.. clenbuterol : A substituted aniline that is 2,6-dichloroaniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.66	3	0	amino alcohol; dichlorobenzene; ethanolamines; primary arylamine; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
clidinium clidinium: see also record for clidinium compounds; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. clidinium : The ester resulting from formal condensation of benzilic acid and 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. It is used, generally as the bromide, for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps due to colicky abdominal pain, diverticulitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
clioquinol Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.47	2	0	monohydroxyquinoline; organochlorine compound; organoiodine compound	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; chelator; copper chelator
clobazam Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.	2.73	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clobenpropit clobenpropit: histamine H3 receptor antagonist. clobenpropit : An imidothiocarbamic ester that consists of isothiourea bearing S-3-(imidazol-4-yl)propyl and N-4-chlorobenzyl substituents. An extremely potent histamine H3 antagonist/inverse agonist (pA2 = 9.93). Also displays partial agonist activity at H4 receptors; induces eosinophil shape change with an EC50 of 3 nM.	2	1	0	imidazoles; imidothiocarbamic ester; organochlorine compound	H3-receptor antagonist; H4-receptor agonist
clofazimine Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.	4.22	5	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenazines	dye; leprostatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate	4.73	9	0	aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
clofibric acid Clofibric Acid: An antilipemic agent that is the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.. clofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is isobutyric acid substituted at position 2 by a p-chlorophenoxy group. It is a metabolite of the drug clofibrate.	1.97	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; herbicide; marine xenobiotic metabolite; PPARalpha agonist
clofilium clofilium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.72	3	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
clomiphene [no description available]	4.1	4	0	tertiary amine	estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	5.06	13	0	dibenzoazepine	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.	4.62	8	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monochlorobenzenes	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	18.33	857	17	clonidine; imidazoline
4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide [no description available]	2.47	2	0	sulfonamide
chlorazepate clorazepic acid : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.	3.84	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; prodrug
clotiazepam clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
clotrimazole [no description available]	4.85	10	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cloxyquin cloxyquin: has antitubercular activity; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	organochlorine compound; quinolines
cocaine [no description available]	2.06	1	0
cromolyn cromoglycic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is the bis-chromone derivative of glycerol. It is effective as a mast cell stabilizer.	2.73	3	0	chromones; dicarboxylic acid	anti-asthmatic drug; calcium channel blocker
cyclandelate Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.	2.71	3	0	carboxylic ester; secondary alcohol	vasodilator agent
[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydroquinoxalin-1-yl]-(2-furanyl)methanone [no description available]	2.4	2	0	N-arylpiperazine
cyclobenzaprine cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure. cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	3.85	3	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant; muscle relaxant; tranquilizing drug
cyclofenil Cyclofenil: A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
cycloleucine Cycloleucine: An amino acid formed by cyclization of leucine. It has cytostatic, immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities.. 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is cyclopentane substituted at position 1 by amino and carboxy groups.	2.38	2	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	EC 2.5.1.6 (methionine adenosyltransferase) inhibitor
cyclopenthiazide Cyclopenthiazide: Thiazide diuretic also used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.36	2	0	benzothiadiazine
cyclopentolate Cyclopentolate: A parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia.. cyclopentolate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(phenyl)acetic acid with N,N-dimethylethanolamine. A tertiary amine antimuscarinic with actions similar to atropine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt to produce mydriasis (excessive dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) for opthalmic diagnostic procedures. It acts more quickly than atropine and has a shorter duration of action.	2.02	1	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	diagnostic agent; muscarinic antagonist; mydriatic agent; parasympatholytic
cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.	4.97	12	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cystamine [no description available]	5.22	16	0	organic disulfide; primary amino compound	EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor
danthron danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.	2.05	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
dantrolene Dantrolene: Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.. dantrolene : The hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of 5-(4-nitrophenyl)furfural with 1-aminohydantoin. A ryanodine receptor antagonist used for the relief of chronic severe spasticity and malignant hyperthermia.	2.41	2	0	hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione	muscle relaxant; neuroprotective agent; ryanodine receptor antagonist
dapsone [no description available]	4.86	10	0	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
debrisoquin Debrisoquin: An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.	7.89	4	0	carboxamidine; isoquinolines	adrenergic agent; antihypertensive agent; human metabolite; sympatholytic agent
decamethonium decamethonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. decamethonium : A quaternary ammonium ion that is a depolarising muscle relaxant whose structure comprises a decane-1,10-diamine core in which each amino group carries three methyl substituents.	1.98	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion	muscle relaxant; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.	3.59	2	0	acyclic desferrioxamine	bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	7.73	82	0	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nordazepam Nordazepam: An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam.. nordazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone having phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively; it has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative properties but is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety.	2.95	4	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; human metabolite; sedative
amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.	10.87	31	0	primary amine
eflornithine Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.	2.74	3	0	alpha-amino acid; fluoroamino acid	trypanocidal drug
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	11.2	43	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.	13.51	47	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent
dibenzothiophene dibenzothiophene : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a thiophene ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.	2.07	1	0	dibenzothiophenes; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	keratolytic drug
dibucaine Dibucaine: A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006). cinchocaine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions.	3.13	5	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	topical anaesthetic
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	5.48	20	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source	2.89	4	0	benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant
dichlorphenamide Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.	3.6	2	0	dichlorobenzene; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.	4.05	4	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
diethylcarbamazine Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.	2.01	1	0	N-carbamoylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine
pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.	3.23	1	0	pentacarboxylic acid	copper chelator
diphenidol diphenidol: shows anti-arrhythmic activity; RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. diphenidol : A tertiary alcohol that is butan-1-ol substituted by two phenyl groups at position 1 and a piperidin-1-yl group at position 4.	2.4	2	0	benzenes; piperidines; tertiary alcohol	antiemetic
diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.	4.64	8	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dilazep Dilazep: Coronary vasodilator with some antiarrhythmic activity.. dilazep : A member of the class of diazepanes that is 1,4-diazepane substituted by 3-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)oxy]propyl groups at positions 1 and 4. It is a potent adenosine uptake inhibitor that exhibits antiplatelet, antianginal and vasodilator properties.	2.4	2	0	benzoate ester; diazepane; diester; methoxybenzenes	cardioprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
dilacor xr 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate : A lactam that is 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one in which positions 2 and 3 are substituted by 4-methoxyphenyl and acetoxy, respectively, while the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group.	2.47	2	0	acetate ester; aromatic ether; benzothiazepine; lactam; tertiary amino compound
dimaprit Dimaprit: A histamine H2 receptor agonist that is often used to study the activity of histamine and its receptors.	1.99	1	0	imidothiocarbamic ester
dimercaprol Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.	3.23	1	0	dithiol; primary alcohol	chelator
dimethadione Dimethadione: An anticonvulsant that is the active metabolite of TRIMETHADIONE.	2.07	1	0	oxazolidinone
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	5.13	14	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.	1.99	1	0	organic cation
diphenylpyraline diphenylpyraline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. allergen : A chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.. diphenylpyraline : A member of the class of piperidines that is the benzhydryl ether derivative of 1-methyl-4-hydroxypiperidine. A sedating antihistamine, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and hay fever, and in pruritic skin disorders. It is also used as the teoclate salt (piprinhydrinate) as an ingredient in compound preparations for the symptomatic relief of coughs and the common cold.	2.07	1	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist
dipivefrin dipivefrin: used in treatment of both primary & open angle glaucoma; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer. dipivefrin : The dipivalate ester of (+-)-epinephrine (racepinephrine). A pro-drug of epinephrine, the hydrochloride is used topically as eye drops to reduce intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.	2.02	1	0	ethanolamines; pivalate ester	adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; ophthalmology drug; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent
dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.	5.41	11	0	piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol	adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
disopyramide Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.	5.73	15	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram [no description available]	4.85	10	0	organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.	5.26	16	0	branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid	anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent
2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid: (D)-isomer active as an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate excitation of central neurons; (L)-isomer inactive; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.38	2	0
racemetirosine alpha-Methyltyrosine: An inhibitor of the enzyme TYROSINE 3-MONOOXYGENASE, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)	4.23	18	0
p-chloroamphetamine p-Chloroamphetamine: Chlorinated analog of AMPHETAMINE. Potent neurotoxin that causes release and eventually depletion of serotonin in the CNS. It is used as a research tool.	2.9	4	0
thiorphan Thiorphan: A potent inhibitor of membrane metalloendopeptidase (ENKEPHALINASE). Thiorphan potentiates morphine-induced ANALGESIA and attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms.	2.02	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
domperidone Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.	4.6	26	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.	4.28	5	0	aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
adtn ADTN: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.88	4	0
doxapram Doxapram: A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225). doxapram : A member of the class of pyrrolidin-2-ones that is N-ethylpyrrolidin-2-one in which both of the hydrogens at the 3 position (adjacent to the carbonyl group) are substituted by phenyl groups, and one of the hydrogens at the 4 position is substituted by a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride or the hydrochloride hydrate) as a temporary treatment of acute respiratory failure, particularly when superimposed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and of postoperative respiratory depression. It has also been used for treatment of postoperative shivering.	4.07	4	0	morpholines; pyrrolidin-2-ones	central nervous system stimulant
doxazosin Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.	20.16	338	103	aromatic amine; benzodioxine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; vasodilator agent
doxepin Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.	5.06	13	0	dibenzooxepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
doxylamine Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.	3.6	2	0	pyridines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antitussive; cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; sedative
droperidol Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.	6.24	19	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound	anaesthesia adjuvant; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
dsp 4 DSP 4: RN given refers to parent cpd	4.13	16	0
dyclonine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aromatic ketone; piperidines	topical anaesthetic
dyphylline Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.	4.26	5	0	oxopurine; propane-1,2-diols	bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
e 4031 E 4031: class III anti-arrhythmia agent; structure given in UD	2.44	2	0	sulfonamide
ebastine [no description available]	2.74	3	0	organic molecular entity
ebselen ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.	2.44	2	0	benzoselenazole	anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger
econazole Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.	2.95	4	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
edrophonium Edrophonium: A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.. edrophonium : A quaternary ammonium ion that is N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylanilinium in which one of the meta positions is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase, with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes). The chloride salt is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.	3.23	1	0	phenols; quaternary ammonium ion	antidote; diagnostic agent; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ellipticine ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.	2.02	1	0	indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; polycyclic heteroarene	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
enflurane Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.	3.08	5	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	anaesthetic
enoxacin Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.	3.14	5	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
epinastine epinastine: RN given refers parent cpd. epinastine : A benzazepine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,e]azepine in which the azepine ring is fused to the e side of 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine.	2.76	3	0	benzazepine; guanidines	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; ophthalmology drug
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	3.13	5	0
estazolam Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.	4.06	4	0	triazoles; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
etazolate Etazolate: A potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor proposed as an antipsychotic agent.. etazolate : A pyrazolopyridine that is 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 5 by ethyl, 2-isopropylidenehydrazino, and ethoxycarbonyl groups, respectively. A phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor with antidepressant and anxiolytic properties.	1.96	1	0	ethyl ester; hydrazone; pyrazolopyridine	alpha-secretase activator; antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.	4.73	5	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups.	7.67	3	0	ether; volatile organic compound	inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
profenamine profenamine: was heading 1972-94 (see under PHENOTHIAZINES 1972-90); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search ETHOPROPAZINE 1972-94. profenamine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is phenothiazine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)propyl group. An antimuscarinic, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease.	2.07	1	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amino compound	adrenergic antagonist; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
ethosuximide Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.	4.07	4	0	dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector; T-type calcium channel blocker
ethotoin ethotoin: was heading 1966-94 (see under HYDANTOINS 1966-90); use HYDANTOINS to search ETHOTOIN 1966-94. ethotoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by ethyl and phenyl at positions 3 and 5, respectively. An antiepileptic, it is less toxic than phenytoin but also less effective.	3.6	2	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
ethoxzolamide Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; benzothiazoles; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
ethylenediamine ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane.	2.03	1	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	GABA agonist
etidronate Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.	3.85	3	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator
etilefrine Etilefrine: A phenylephrine-related beta-1 adrenergic and alpha adrenergic agonist used as a cardiotonic and antihypotensive agent.	3.12	5	0	phenols
etodolac Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.	4.38	6	0	monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 42810 [no description available]	4.41	6	0	2-aminopurines; acetate ester	antiviral drug; prodrug
famotidine Famotidine: A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.	2.41	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
felbamate Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.	4.25	5	0	carbamate ester	anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent
4-biphenylylacetic acid biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is substituted by a biphenyl-4-yl group. An active metabolite of fenbufen, it is used as a topical medicine to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.	2.08	1	0	biphenyls; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.	8.45	25	5	dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
fendiline Fendiline: Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.	2.46	2	0	diarylmethane
fenfluramine Fenfluramine: A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.. fenfluramine : A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.	3.38	7	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; secondary amino compound	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
fenofibrate Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE	4.55	7	0	aromatic ether; chlorobenzophenone; isopropyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
fenoldopam Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.	5.11	14	0	benzazepine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; dopamine agonist; dopaminergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
fenoprofen Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.	4.04	4	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
berotek Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.	3.53	8	0	resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
fenspiride fenspiride: was heading 1975-94 (see under SPIRO COMPOUNDS 1975-90); use SPIRO COMPOUNDS to search FENSPIRIDE 1975-94; bronchodilator agent used in asthma	2.45	2	0	azaspiro compound
fentanyl Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	5.96	20	0	anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	adjuvant; anaesthesia adjuvant; anaesthetic; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.	4.66	8	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
fipexide fipexide: regulates dopaminergic systems at macromolecular level	3.23	1	0	benzodioxoles
flavoxate Flavoxate: A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.. flavoxate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid with 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethanol.	3.53	2	0	carboxylic ester; flavones; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
flecainide Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	4.93	11	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug
fleroxacin Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.	3.31	6	0	difluorobenzene; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpiperazine; quinolines	antibacterial drug; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	5.16	14	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.	4.84	10	0	aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone	prodrug
flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.	2.4	2	0	aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine [no description available]	5.73	10	0	N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.	5.37	18	0	ethyl ester; imidazobenzodiazepine; organofluorine compound	antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning; GABA antagonist
flunitrazepam Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.	3.59	9	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes	anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
fluorescite fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.	4.26	5	0	benzoic acids; cyclic ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; phenols; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	6.39	12	1	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	6.27	46	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
fluphenazine depot fluphenazine decanoate : The prodrug of fluphenazine, an antipsychotic drug used for the symptomatic management of psychosis in patients with schizophrenia.	2.02	1	0	decanoate ester; N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; prodrug
fluphenazine enanthate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	phenothiazines
flurazepam Flurazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.. flurazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia.	3.23	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.	4.82	10	0	fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluspirilene Fluspirilene: A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.	5.66	14	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
fomepizole Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.	3.59	2	0	pyrazoles	antidote; EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor; protective agent
foscarnet Foscarnet: An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.. phosphonoformic acid : Phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a carboxylic acid group. It is used as the trisodium salt as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	4.52	7	0	carboxylic acid; one-carbon compound; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; sodium-dependent Pi-transporter inhibitor
furafylline [no description available]	2.07	1	0	oxopurine
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	10.04	55	5	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
fusaric acid Fusaric Acid: A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.	3.05	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
gabapentin Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.	4.94	11	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
gabexate Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.	2.08	1	0	benzoate ester
vanoxerine vanoxerine: structure given in first source. vanoxerine : An N-alkylpiperazine that consists of piperazine bearing 2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl and 3-phenylpropyl groups at positions 1 and 4 respectively. Potent, competitive inhibitor of dopamine uptake (Ki = 1 nM for inhibition of striatal dopamine uptake). Has > 100-fold lower affinity for the noradrenalin and 5-HT uptake carriers. Also a potent sigma ligand (IC50 = 48 nM). Centrally active following systemic administration.	3.26	6	0	ether; N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopamine uptake inhibitor
gemfibrozil [no description available]	4.75	9	0	aromatic ether	antilipemic drug
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	1.98	1	0
glafenine Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.	3.87	3	0	aminoquinoline; carboxylic ester; glycol; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.	8.46	7	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; radical scavenger
glimepiride glimepiride: structure given in first source	4.94	11	0	sulfonamide
glipizide Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	5.16	14	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylurea; pyrazines	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
glutaral Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.	1.98	1	0	dialdehyde	cross-linking reagent; disinfectant; fixative
glutethimide Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.	2.05	1	0	piperidines
glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.	10.83	29	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (1,1-dimethyl-3-pyrrolidin-1-iumyl) ester [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzenes
go 6976 [no description available]	2	1	0	indolocarbazole; organic heterohexacyclic compound	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
gossypol Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.	2.05	1	0
granisetron [no description available]	4.94	11	0	aromatic amide; indazoles
guaiazulene guaiazulene: structure	2.05	1	0	sesquiterpene
guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.	3.85	3	0	methoxybenzenes
guanethidine Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.	14.88	70	1	azocanes; guanidines	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; sympatholytic agent
guanfacine Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.	8.98	41	1	acetamides
guanidine Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines.	3.52	2	0	carboxamidine; guanidines; one-carbon compound
gyki 52466 GYKI 52466: an AMPA (non-NMDA) receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0	benzodiazepine
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.	3.5	8	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
fasudil fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.	2.96	4	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonyldiazepane	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; nootropic agent; vasodilator agent
haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.	8.54	111	0	aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
halothane [no description available]	8.99	14	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
hexachlorophene Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.	2.05	1	0	bridged diphenyl fungicide; polyphenol; trichlorobenzene	acaricide; antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug
miltefosine miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.	2.05	1	0	phosphocholines; phospholipid	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; apoptosis inducer; immunomodulator; protein kinase inhibitor
hexamethonium Hexamethonium: A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes including hypertension but, like the other ganglionic blockers, it has been replaced by more specific drugs for most purposes, although it is widely used a research tool.	5.19	48	0	quaternary ammonium salt
hexestrol [no description available]	2.4	2	0	stilbenoid
hexetidine Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)	2.05	1	0	organic heteromonocyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.	3.49	8	0	barbiturates
hexoprenaline Hexoprenaline: Stimulant of adrenergic beta 2 receptors. It is used as a bronchodilator, antiasthmatic agent, and tocolytic agent.	2.07	1	0
alpha-methylhistamine alpha-methylhistamine: a histamine H3 receptor agonist; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alpha-methylhistamine : An aralkylamino compound that is histamine bearing a methyl substituent at the alpha-position.	2.68	3	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	animal metabolite; H3-receptor agonist
hexamethylene bisacetamide N,N'-diacetyl-1,6-diaminohexane: chemical name obtained from Acta Biol Hung 1990;41(1-3):199-208	2.07	1	0	acetamides
homochlorocyclizine homochlorocyclizine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
hycanthone Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.	2.07	1	0	thioxanthenes	mutagen; schistosomicide drug
hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	17.82	237	42	azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	13.47	79	36	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.	9.51	7	0	benzothiadiazine; thiazide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.	3.58	2	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea [no description available]	4.54	7	0	one-carbon compound; ureas	antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.	11.43	7	1	hydroxyether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent; antipruritic drug; anxiolytic drug; dermatologic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
hypericin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
mk 473 MK 473: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.02	1	0
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	5.42	19	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
phenelzine Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.	4.07	4	0	primary amine
lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.	11.56	37	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic
alverine alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.	2.05	1	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug
ici 118551 [no description available]	3.54	8	0	indanes
idebenone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; primary alcohol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor
ifenprodil ifenprodil: NMDA receptor antagonist	3.12	5	0	piperidines
ifosfamide [no description available]	4.54	7	0	ifosfamides	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	12.56	73	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.	6.15	17	0	bipyridines	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.	11.76	10	2	indoles; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	9.37	91	2	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
iodixanol iodixanol: dimeric contrast media; structure given in first source. iodixanol : A dimeric, non-ionic, water-soluble, radiographic contrast agent, used particularly in coronary angiography.	2.02	1	0	organoiodine compound	radioopaque medium
iodoquinol Iodoquinol: One of the halogenated 8-quinolinols widely used as an intestinal antiseptic, especially as an antiamebic agent. It is also used topically in other infections and may cause CNS and eye damage. It is known by very many similar trade names world-wide.. iodoquinol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by iodine. It is considered the drug of choice for treating asymptomatic or moderate forms of amoebiasis.	2.07	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; organoiodine compound	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiseptic drug
iohexol Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.	3.13	5	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
iopromide iopromide: structure given in first source. iopromide : A dicarboxylic acid diamide that consists of N-methylisophthalamide bearing three iodo substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6, a methoxyacetyl substituent at position 5 and two 2,3-dihydroxypropyl groups attached to the amide nitrogens. A water soluble x-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration.	2.73	3	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; nephrotoxic agent; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
iothalamic acid Iothalamic Acid: A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts.	2.04	1	0	organic molecular entity
iodipamide Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.	2.05	1	0	benzoic acids; organoiodine compound; secondary carboxamide	radioopaque medium
ioversol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	amidobenzoic acid
iproniazid [no description available]	4.27	5	0	carbohydrazide; pyridines
avapro Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.	4.87	10	0	azaspiro compound; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.	4.46	23	0	3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isocarboxazid Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)	3.23	1	0	benzenes
isoetharine Isoetharine: Adrenergic beta-2 agonist used as bronchodilator for emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.	2.07	1	0	catecholamine
isoflurane Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.	3.4	7	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	5.09	13	0	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.	5.39	19	0	secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol	protic solvent
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	11.33	263	2	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.	4.36	6	0	alkylbenzene
isradipine Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.	12.76	17	2	benzoxadiazole; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester
itraconazole [no description available]	5.01	12	0	piperazines
jl 18 JL 18: a pyridobenzodiazepine derivative bioisoster of clozapine	2.02	1	0
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.	5.41	11	0	cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
ketanserin Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.	11.27	150	4	aromatic ketone; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	5.43	19	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	6.77	18	1	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ketorolac Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.	4.65	8	0	amino acid; aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrrolizines; racemate	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ketotifen Ketotifen: A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis.. ketotifen : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 4,9-dihydro-10H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-10-one which is substituted at position 4 by a 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylidene group. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is used (usually as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of asthma, where it may take several weeks to exert its full effect.	2.07	1	0	cyclic ketone; olefinic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
khellin Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.	2.05	1	0	furanochromone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle	anti-asthmatic agent; bronchodilator agent; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.	3.49	8	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	12.22	79	9	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
lamotrigine [no description available]	5.44	11	0	1,2,4-triazines; dichlorobenzene; primary arylamine	anticonvulsant; antidepressant; antimanic drug; calcium channel blocker; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; excitatory amino acid antagonist; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; xenobiotic
lansoprazole Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.	5.22	15	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
beta-lapachone beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.	2.05	1	0	benzochromenone; orthoquinones	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
leflunomide Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.	4.26	5	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole [no description available]	4.54	7	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
nordefrin Nordefrin: A norepinephrine derivative used as a vasoconstrictor agent.	6.94	23	1	catecholamine
lidoflazine Lidoflazine: Coronary vasodilator with some antiarrhythmic action.	2.44	2	0	diarylmethane
lofepramine Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.	2.73	3	0	aromatic ketone; dibenzoazepine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
lomefloxacin lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.	4.07	4	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
lomerizine lomerizine: used to treat migraines	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
lomustine [no description available]	3.87	3	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
loperamide Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.	5.09	13	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes; piperidines; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.	4.94	11	0	benzocycloheptapyridine; ethyl ester; N-acylpiperidine; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.	4.51	7	0	benzodiazepine
losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position	6.46	56	0	biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles	angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.	3.56	2	0	dibenzooxazepine	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
loxoprofen loxoprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source. loxoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted into its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.	2.06	1	0	cyclopentanones; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
ly 171883 LY 171883: structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist. tomelukast : A member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group, a propyl group at position 3 and a 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy group at position 4. A leukotriene antagonist, it exhibits anti-asthmatic activity.	2.07	1	0	acetophenones; aromatic ether; phenols; tetrazoles	anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	4.24	5	0	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
mabuterol mabuterol: structure given in first source	2	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
malathion Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.	2.05	1	0	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	isopropyl ester
manidipine [no description available]	1.99	1	0	diarylmethane
maprotiline Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.	5.24	16	0	anthracenes
mazindol Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.	4.84	10	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester	antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
mecamylamine Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.	6.68	17	1	primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.	3.23	1	0	nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent
meclizine Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.	3.86	3	0	diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	4.35	6	0	aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenoxate Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	4.24	5	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
mefloquine hydrochloride [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol : An organofluorine compound that consists of quinoline bearing trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 2 and 8 as well as a (2-piperidinyl)hydroxymethyl substituent at position 4.	2.72	3	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinolines; secondary alcohol
memantine [no description available]	4.07	4	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3 Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.	2.05	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical
mepenzolate mepenzolic acid: anticholinergic, antispasmodic agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.	5.25	9	0	ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
mephenesin Mephenesin: A centrally acting muscle relaxant with a short duration of action.. 1-(2-methylphenyl)glycerol : A glycerol ether in which a single 2-methylphenyl group is attached at position 1 of glycerol via an ether linkage.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; glycerol ether
mephenytoin Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.	4.09	4	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
mepivacaine Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.	4.51	7	0	piperidinecarboxamide	drug allergen; local anaesthetic
meprobamate Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)	4.03	4	0	organic molecular entity
benzoic acid [2-methyl-2-(propylamino)propyl] ester [no description available]	2.71	3	0	benzoate ester
mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.	4.53	7	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mescaline Mescaline: Hallucinogenic alkaloid isolated from the flowering heads (peyote) of Lophophora (formerly Anhalonium) williamsii, a Mexican cactus used in Indian religious rites and as an experimental psychotomimetic. Among its cellular effects are agonist actions at some types of serotonin receptors. It has no accepted therapeutic uses although it is legal for religious use by members of the Native American Church.. mescaline : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is phenethylamine substituted at positions 3, 4 and 5 by methoxy groups.	1.96	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenethylamine alkaloid; primary amino compound	hallucinogen
mesoridazine Mesoridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.. mesoridazine : A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group.	3.85	3	0	phenothiazines; sulfoxide; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
metaproterenol Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.	4.39	6	0	aralkylamino compound; phenylethanolamines; resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	5.3	16	0	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
methadone Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.	5.33	10	0	benzenes; diarylmethane; ketone; tertiary amino compound
methapyrilene Methapyrilene: Histamine H1 antagonist with sedative action used as a hypnotic and in allergies.. methapyrilene : A member of the class of ethylenediamine derivatives that is ethylenediamine in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups, and the other nitrogen is substituted by a 2-pyridyl group and a (2-thienyl)methyl group.	2.46	2	0	ethylenediamine derivative	anti-allergic agent; carcinogenic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative
metharbital metharbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ENDIEMAL, METHARBITONE, & METHOBARBITONE were see METHARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search METHARBITAL 1976-94; long-acting barbiturate that is demethylated to barbital in the liver; has broad-spectrum anticonvulsant action, but used mainly to treat myoclonic spasms in infants	1.96	1	0	organic molecular entity
methazolamide Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.	3.23	1	0	sulfonamide; thiadiazoles
methiothepin Methiothepin: A serotonin receptor antagonist in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM used as an antipsychotic.. methiothepin : A dibenzothiepine that is 10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepine bearing additional methylthio and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 8 and 10 respectively. Potent 5-HT2 antagonist, also active as 5-HT1 antagonist. Differentiates 5-HT1D sub-types. Also displays affinity for rodent 5-HT5B, 5-HT5A, 5-HT7 and 5-HT6 receptors (pK1 values are 6.6, 7.0, 8.4 and 8.7 respectively).	4.14	16	0	aryl sulfide; dibenzothiepine; N-alkylpiperazine; tertiary amino compound	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
methocarbamol Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.	4.01	4	0	aromatic ether; carbamate ester; secondary alcohol
methoctramine [no description available]	3.14	5	0	aromatic ether; tetramine	muscarinic antagonist
methoxyamine methoxyamine: analytical reagent for aldehydes and ketones; strong irritant, can probably produce methemoglobinemia; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.98	1	0	organooxygen compound
methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.	3.87	3	0	aromatic ether; psoralens	antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
methoxyflurane Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.	2.05	1	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	hepatotoxic agent; inhalation anaesthetic; nephrotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic
methoxyphenamine methoxyphenamine: structure. methoxyphenamine : An amphetamine methylated on nitrogen and with the phenyl ring methoxylated at C-2. A beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator.	1.97	1	0	amphetamines	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent
methyclothiazide Methyclothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)	6.3	4	3	benzothiadiazine
methyl salicylate methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.	2.05	1	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; salicylates	flavouring agent; insect attractant; metabolite
methylphenidate Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.	4.85	10	0	beta-amino acid ester; methyl ester; piperidines
methyprylon methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
metoclopramide Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.	6.97	23	1	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; gastrointestinal drug; xenobiotic
metolazone Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.	4.66	8	0	organochlorine compound; quinazolines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	10.69	90	6	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	4.75	9	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.	3.87	3	0	aromatic ketone	antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.	4.99	12	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
mianserin Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.	4.87	35	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine agonist; sedative; serotonergic antagonist
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.96	4	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	5.4	18	0	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
midodrine Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.	4.2	5	0	amino acid amide; aromatic ether; secondary alcohol	alpha-adrenergic agonist; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
milrinone [no description available]	5.58	9	0	bipyridines; nitrile; pyridone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
minoxidil Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.	10.68	67	1	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.	10.14	14	0	benzazepine; tetracyclic antidepressant	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; oneirogen; serotonergic antagonist
mitotane Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.	3.87	3	0	diarylmethane
mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.	5.74	26	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	analgesic; antineoplastic agent
ml 7 ML-7 : An N-sulfonyldiazepane resullting from the formal condensation of 5-iodo-1-naphthylsulfonic acid with one of the nitrogens of 1,4-diazepane. It is a selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.18).	2.02	1	0	N-sulfonyldiazepane; organoiodine compound	EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor
moclobemide Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.	3.73	10	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; morpholines	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
modafinil Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.	11	8	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfoxide
molsidomine Molsidomine: A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.. molsidomine : A member of the class of oxadiazoles that is 1,2,3-oxadiazole substituted by morpholin-4-yl and (ethoxycarbonyl)azanidyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is used as a vasodilator drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic syndrome and congestive heart failure.	4.17	5	0	ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion	antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
moxisylyte Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)	11.34	12	1	monoterpenoid
muscimol Muscimol: A neurotoxic isoxazole isolated from species of AMANITA. It is obtained by decarboxylation of IBOTENIC ACID. Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A RECEPTORS and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.. muscimol : A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazol-3(2H)-one substituted by an aminomethyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Amanita.	3.37	7	0	alkaloid; isoxazoles; primary amino compound	fungal metabolite; GABA agonist; oneirogen; psychotropic drug
deet N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.	2.05	1	0	benzamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	environmental contaminant; insect repellent; xenobiotic
1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine: acts as serotonin agonist; structure. 1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazine : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group at position 1. A serotonergic agonist used as a recreational drug.	2.66	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; N-arylpiperazine	environmental contaminant; psychotropic drug; serotonergic agonist; xenobiotic
n-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist; structure given in first source. N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is 5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide in which one of the hydrogens of the nitrogen atom is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.	2	1	0	naphthalenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; sulfonamide
n-(6-aminohexyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide N-(6-aminohexyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.4	2	0	naphthalenes; sulfonic acid derivative
acecainide Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.	3.31	6	0	acetamides; benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.	3.08	5	0	maleimides	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
clorgyline Clorgyline: An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.. clorgyline : An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant.	2.93	4	0	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
deoxyepinephrine Deoxyepinephrine: Sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor agent.	4.05	3	1	catecholamine
apnea Apnea: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.	2.48	2	0	purine nucleoside
nabumetone Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	4.05	4	0	methoxynaphthalene; methyl ketone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
nadolol [no description available]	4.1	4	0	tetralins
nafronyl Nafronyl: A drug used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is claimed to enhance cellular oxidative capacity and to be a spasmolytic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1310) It may also be an antagonist at 5HT-2 serotonin receptors.	2.41	2	0	naphthalenes
naftopidil [no description available]	12.83	18	2	piperazines
nalidixic acid [no description available]	4.04	4	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
nan 190 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-(2-phthalimido)butyl)piperazine: RN from Toxlit. NAN 190 : An N-alkylpiperazine that consists of (2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine in which the amine hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(2-phthalimido)butyl group.	4	14	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; phthalimides	serotonergic antagonist
naphazoline Naphazoline: An adrenergic vasoconstrictor agent used as a decongestant.	5.15	15	0	naphthalenes
naratriptan naratriptan: structure given in first source	4.25	5	0	heteroarylpiperidine; sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
nefazodone nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct	5.62	13	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; analgesic; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nefopam Nefopam: Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to ORPHENADRINE. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p26). nefopam : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam. The hydrochloride is a centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.. 5-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine : A member of the class of benzoxazocines that is 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine substituted by phenyl and methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 respectively.	3.15	5	0	benzoxazocine; tertiary amino compound
neostigmine Neostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.. neostigmine : A quaternary ammonium ion comprising an anilinium ion core having three methyl substituents on the aniline nitrogen, and a 3-[(dimethylcarbamoyl)oxy] substituent at position 3. It is a parasympathomimetic which acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.	3.79	11	0	quaternary ammonium ion	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
nevirapine Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.	5.16	14	0	cyclopropanes; dipyridodiazepine	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.	3.59	2	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.	12.35	34	1	benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound
niceritrol Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	13.44	201	18	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
nifekalant [no description available]	2.08	1	0	amine
niflumic acid Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.	2.72	3	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
nilutamide [no description available]	3.85	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; imidazolidinone	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
nilvadipine [no description available]	4.09	3	1	dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester; nitrile
nimesulide nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.	3.87	3	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.	5.2	15	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
nipecotic acid nipecotic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotic acid : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is piperidine in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a carboxylic acid group.	2.44	2	0	beta-amino acid; piperidinemonocarboxylic acid
nisoldipine Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.	5.13	14	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
nisoxetine nisoxetine: potent inhibitor for norepinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes & brain; NM refers to (+-)-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nisoxetine : A secondary amino compound that is N-methyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine substituted at position 3 by a 2-methoxyphenoxy group.	4.19	17	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
nitrazepam Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).	3.55	8	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound	anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; drug metabolite; GABA modulator; sedative
nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.	7.66	35	5	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.	10.86	71	2	nitroglycerol	explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
nitromide nitromide: antibacterial agent for prevention & treatment of Salmonella pullorum infections in chickens & turkeys & for fowl typhoid & paratyphoid; used in feed; structure	2.07	1	0
nizatidine [no description available]	4.84	10	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound; carboxamidine; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; cholinergic drug; H2-receptor antagonist
no 711 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	diarylmethane
nomifensine Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.	4.81	10	0	isoquinolines	dopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)	2.44	2	0	catechols; lignan; tetrol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; plant metabolite
norfenefrine norfenefrine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	1.96	1	0	phenols
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	4.65	8	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
norfluoxetine norfluoxetine: metabolite of fluoxetine; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.06	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
nortriptyline Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.	4.99	12	0	organic tricyclic compound; secondary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite
6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-5-yl)-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one [no description available]	2.07	1	0	isoquinolines
ns 2028 NS 2028: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
nylidrin Nylidrin: A beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin causes peripheral vasodilation, a positive inotropic effect, and increased gastric volume of gastric juice. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders and premature labor.	2.07	1	0	alkylbenzene
octopamine Octopamine: An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates.. octopamine : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. A biogenic phenylethanolamine which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates.	3.48	8	0	phenylethanolamines; tyramines	neurotransmitter
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	6.67	16	1	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.	5.09	13	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide
ondansetron Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.	10.61	23	0	carbazoles
orphenadrine Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.	4.4	6	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
oxamniquine Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.	2.05	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; C-nitro compound; quinolines; secondary amino compound
oxaprozin Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	4.52	7	0	1,3-oxazoles; monocarboxylic acid	analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxatomide oxatomide: structure; an anti-allergic & an anti-asthmatic. oxatomide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one substituted by a 3-[4-(diphenylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at position 1. It is an anti-allergic drug.	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles; diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	4.94	11	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxethazaine [no description available]	2.7	3	0	amino acid amide
oxibendazole oxibendazole: structure	2.07	1	0	benzimidazoles; carbamate ester
oxidopamine Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).	5.65	78	0	benzenetriol; catecholamine; primary amino compound	drug metabolite; human metabolite; neurotoxin
oxiracetam oxiracetam: structure in first source	2.45	2	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
oxotremorine Oxotremorine: A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool.	2.37	2	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine
oxprenolol Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.	6.85	19	4	aromatic ether
oxybenzone oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.	2.05	1	0	hydroxybenzophenone; monomethoxybenzene	dermatologic drug; environmental contaminant; protective agent; ultraviolet filter; xenobiotic
benoxinate benoxinate: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. oxybuprocaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-amino-3-butoxybenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; an ester-based local anaesthetic (ester "caine") used especially in ophthalmology and otolaryngology.	2.71	3	0	amino acid ester; benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	drug allergen; local anaesthetic; topical anaesthetic
oxybutynin oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	5.55	8	0	acetylenic compound; carboxylic ester; racemate; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; calcium channel blocker; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; parasympatholytic
oxymetazoline Oxymetazoline: A direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1251). oxymetazoline : A member of the class of phenols that is 2,4-dimethylphenol which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl and tert-butyl groups, respectively. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to relieve nasal congestion.	10.4	62	1	carboxamidine; imidazolines; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
oxyphenbutazone Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.	2.43	2	0	phenols; pyrazolidines	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; drug metabolite; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite
oxyphencyclimine oxyphencyclimine: minor descriptor (65-85); on-line & Index Medicus search PYRIMIDINES (65-85); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
aminosalicylic acid Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.	3.59	2	0	aminobenzoic acid; phenols	antitubercular agent
quinone benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).	2.1	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones	cofactor; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
fenclonine Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin.	4.31	19	0	phenylalanine derivative
4-iodoclonidine 4-iodoclonidine: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
palmidrol palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.	2.08	1	0	endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine	anti-inflammatory drug; anticonvulsant; antihypertensive agent; neuroprotective agent
pamidronate [no description available]	3.84	3	0	phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.	4.66	8	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.	10.66	25	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines	antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent
pargyline Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.	3.69	10	0	aromatic amine
pd 153035 4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline: structure given in first source. PD-153035 : A member of the class of quinazolines carrying a 3-bromophenylamino substituent at position 4 and two methoxy substituents at positions 6 and 7.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; aromatic ether; bromobenzenes; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.	3.52	8	0	aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone	EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
pemoline Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.	4.08	4	0	1,3-oxazoles	central nervous system stimulant
pentamidine Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.	4.55	7	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; diether	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; calmodulin antagonist; chemokine receptor 5 antagonist; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; NMDA receptor antagonist; S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor; trypanocidal drug; xenobiotic
pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	5.28	17	0	barbiturates	GABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline [no description available]	6.12	9	1	oxopurine
perazine Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.	2.05	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; phenothiazines	dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perhexiline Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.	3.87	3	0	piperidines	cardiovascular drug
perphenazine Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.	4.85	10	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacemide phenacemide: anti-epileptic drug; structure	2.07	1	0	acetamides
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	3.67	9	0	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.	2.01	1	0	diaminopyridine; monoazo compound	anticoronaviral agent; carcinogenic agent; local anaesthetic; non-narcotic analgesic
pheniramine Pheniramine: One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus.	2.4	2	0	pyridines; tertiary amino compound
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	6.8	19	1	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phenolphthalein Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.	2.43	2	0	phenols
phenolsulfonphthalein Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney.	2.08	1	0	2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; phenols; sultone	acid-base indicator; diagnostic agent; two-colour indicator
phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	12.05	190	3	aromatic amine
phentermine Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.	3.23	1	0	primary amine	adrenergic agent; appetite depressant; central nervous system drug; central nervous system stimulant; dopaminergic agent; sympathomimetic agent
4-phenylbutyric acid 4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; prodrug
phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.	3.1	5	0	pyrazolidines	antirheumatic drug; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
phloretin [no description available]	1.98	1	0	dihydrochalcones	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
o-phthalaldehyde o-Phthalaldehyde: A reagent that forms fluorescent conjugation products with primary amines. It is used for the detection of many biogenic amines, peptides, and proteins in nanogram quantities in body fluids.. phthalaldehyde : A dialdehyde in which two formyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring.	2.17	1	0	benzaldehydes; dialdehyde	epitope
moxonidine moxonidine: structure given in first source	10.55	22	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
1,3a,8-Trimethyl-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indol-5-yl methylcarbamate [no description available]	2.07	1	0	pyrroloindole
pifithrin pifithrin: a tetrahydrobenzothiazol; inhibitor of P53 that protects mice from the side effects of cancer therapy; structure in first source	2.04	1	0	aromatic ketone
pilsicainide pilsicainide: structure given in first source. pilsicainide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline with the carboxy group of (tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-7a(5H)-yl)acetic acid. It is a sodium channel blocker which is used as an antiarrhythmic drug for the management of atrial tachyarrhythmias in Japan.	2.47	2	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary carboxamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
pimobendan pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	benzimidazoles; pyridazinone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
pinacidil Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)	6.94	12	7	pyridines
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	14.68	89	2	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	4.28	5	0	aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones	antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic
pipamperone pipamperone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pipamperone : A member of the class of bipiperidines that is 1,4'-bipiperidine which is substituted at the 1' and 4' positions by 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl and carboxamide groups, respectively. A first generation antipsychotic, its properties are generally similar to those of haloperidol.	2.37	2	0	aromatic ketone; bipiperidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
pipemidic acid Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.	2.05	1	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; pyridopyrimidine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine [no description available]	7.71	3	0	azacycloalkane; piperazines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	anthelminthic drug
piracetam Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.	2.48	2	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
pirbuterol pirbuterol: structure	5.38	4	1	pyridines
pirenperone [no description available]	2.37	2	0	aromatic ketone
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	4.5	23	0	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
piretanide piretanide: potent inhibitor of chloride transport; structure	2.74	3	0	aromatic ether
piribedil Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.	2.43	2	0	N-arylpiperazine
polythiazide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzothiadiazine
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	5.44	62	0	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid: a novel antagonist that selectively blocks P2 purinoceptor receptors; a useful tool to study co-transmission in tissues when ATP and coexisting neurotransmitters act in concert. 5'-phosphopyridoxal-6-azobenzene-2,4-disulfonic acid : An arenesulfonic acid that is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate carrying an additional 2,4-disulfophenylazo substituent at position 6.	3.72	10	0	arenesulfonic acid; azobenzenes; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; organic phosphate; pyridinecarbaldehyde	purinergic receptor P2X antagonist
practolol Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	11.95	23	1	acetamides; ethanolamines; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
duodote duodote: consists of atropine and pralidoxime chloride; for treating those exposed to organophosphorus-containing nerve agents	3.6	2	0	pyridinium ion	antidote to organophosphate poisoning; antidote to sarin poisoning; cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
pramoxine pramoxine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pramocaine : A member of the class of morpholines that is morpholine substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 3-(4-butoxyphenoxy)propyl group.	2.7	3	0	aromatic ether; morpholines	local anaesthetic
ono 1078 pranlukast: SRS-A antagonist; leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	2.08	1	0	chromones
pyranoprofen pyranoprofen: RN given refers to unlabled parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.48	2	0	pyridochromene
prazepam Prazepam: A benzodiazepine that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.02	1	0	benzodiazepine
praziquantel azinox: Russian drug	4.41	6	0	isoquinolines
szl 49 SZL 49: structure given in first source	9.17	17	0
prilocaine Prilocaine: A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry.. prilocaine : An amino acid amide in which N-propyl-DL-alanine and 2-methylaniline have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	3.11	5	0	amino acid amide; monocarboxylic acid amide	anticonvulsant; local anaesthetic
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	4.54	7	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
primidone Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.	4.52	7	0	pyrimidone	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
proadifen Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	2.68	3	0	diarylmethane
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.	5.16	14	0	benzoic acids; sulfonamide	uricosuric drug
probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.	3.11	5	0	dithioketal; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug
procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	5.21	15	0	benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.	3.51	8	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	3.85	3	0	benzamides; hydrazines	antineoplastic agent
procaterol Procaterol: A long-acting beta-2-adrenergic receptor agonist.	1.96	1	0	quinolines
prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.	4.65	8	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antiemetic; cholinergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.	4.4	6	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist
promazine Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.	3.11	5	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
promethazine Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.	4.91	11	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative
propafenone Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	4.83	10	0	aromatic ketone; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
propantheline Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.	4.02	4	0	xanthenes
proxymetacaine proxymetacaine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0	benzoate ester
propiverine propiverine: anticholinergic used for overactive bladder syndrome	2.75	3	0	diarylmethane
propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.	4.52	7	0	phenols	anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	18.35	833	50	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
protoporphyrin ix protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins.	1.97	1	0
protriptyline Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.	5.37	18	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant
pyridinolcarbamate Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)	2.05	1	0	pyridines
pyridostigmine [no description available]	4.24	5	0	pyridinium ion
pyrilamine Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.	4.67	28	0	aromatic ether; ethylenediamine derivative	H1-receptor antagonist
pyrimethamine Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds	4.22	5	0	aminopyrimidine; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sch 16134 quazepam: structure given in first source	3.56	2	0	benzodiazepine
quetiapine [no description available]	3.59	2	0	dibenzothiazepine; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
quipazine Quipazine: A pharmacologic congener of serotonin that contracts smooth muscle and has actions similar to those of tricyclic antidepressants. It has been proposed as an oxytocic.	3.48	8	0	piperazines; pyridines
7-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepin-8-ol [no description available]	2.54	2	0	benzazepine; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist
rabeprazole Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.	4.08	4	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
raloxifene raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.	4.06	4	0	1-benzothiophenes; aromatic ketone; N-oxyethylpiperidine; phenols	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine [no description available]	4.23	17	0	aralkylamine
opc 12759 rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase	2.05	1	0	secondary carboxamide
riluzole Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.	4.64	8	0	benzothiazoles
rimantadine Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.	3.85	3	0	alkylamine
risperidone Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.	6.17	24	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
ritanserin Ritanserin: A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.. ritanserin : A thiazolopyrimidine that is 5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one which is substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 2-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]piperidin-1-yl}ethyl group. A potent and long-acting seratonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonist of the subtype 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.39 nM), it is used in the treatment of a variety of disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. It has little sedative action.	10.86	31	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; thiazolopyrimidine	antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
rizatriptan rizatriptan: structure given in first source; RN given refers to benzoate	4.07	4	0	tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
ro 31-8220 Ro 31-8220: a protein kinase C inhibitor	2.41	2	0	imidothiocarbamic ester; indoles; maleimides	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone: Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.	2.67	3	0	methoxybenzenes
rofecoxib [no description available]	3.16	5	0	butenolide; sulfone	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rolipram [no description available]	3.51	8	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
ropinirole [no description available]	3.57	2	0	indolones; tertiary amine	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; dopamine agonist
roxarsone Roxarsone: An arsenic derivative which has anticoccidial action and promotes growth in animals.. roxarsone : An organoarsonic acid where the organyl group is 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl.	2.07	1	0	2-nitrophenols; organoarsonic acid	agrochemical; animal growth promotant; antibacterial drug; coccidiostat
3,4,4a,10b-tetrahydro-4-propyl-2h,5h-(1)benzopyrano(4,3-b)-1,4-oxazin-9-ol 3,4,4a,10b-tetrahydro-4-propyl-2H,5H-(1)benzopyrano(4,3-b)-1,4-oxazin-9-ol: RN given refers to (+/-)-isomer; RN, RRs & structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
saccharin Saccharin: Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.. saccharin : A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent.	3.28	6	0	1,2-benzisothiazole; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	environmental contaminant; sweetening agent; xenobiotic
salicylamide salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source	2.47	2	0	phenols; salicylamides	antirheumatic drug; non-narcotic analgesic
salmeterol xinafoate salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.	2.02	1	0	ether; phenols; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
sanguinarine benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.	2.07	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; benzophenanthridine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent
sarpogrelate sarpogrelate: structure given in first source	2.69	3	0	hemisuccinate; stilbenoid
salicylsalicylic acid salicylsalicylic acid: structure. salsalate : A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.	3.6	2	0	benzoate ester; benzoic acids; phenols; salicylates	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
sb 206553 SB 206553: a high-affinity 5-HT(2C/2B) antagonist; structure given in first source	3.13	5	0	pyrroloindole
sb 202190 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole: structure given in first source; inhibits p38 MAP kinase	2.47	2	0	imidazoles; organofluorine compound; phenols; pyridines	apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
secobarbital Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.	3.51	2	0	barbiturates	anaesthesia adjuvant; GABA modulator; sedative
sevoflurane Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.	2.44	2	0	ether; organofluorine compound	central nervous system depressant; inhalation anaesthetic; platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride	4.39	6	0	organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-obesity agent; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.	5.01	12	0	pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; coccidiostat; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
linsidomine linsidomine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.01	1	0	morpholines
sk&f 29661 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-7-sulfonamide: structure	1.96	1	0
sodium fluoride [no description available]	3.07	5	0	fluoride salt	mutagen
iodoacetic acid Iodoacetic Acid: A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains one IODINE atom attached to its methyl group.. iodoacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an iodine atom.	2.31	1	0	haloacetic acid; organoiodine compound	alkylating agent
risedronic acid Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.	4.08	4	0	pyridines
sotalol Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	12.81	31	2	ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; orphan drug; prodrug
spiperone Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.	11.53	62	0	aromatic ketone; azaspiro compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
spiroxatrine spiroxatrine: structure	3.08	5	0	imidazolidines
sq 22536 9-(tetrahydrofuryl)adenine : A nucleoside analogue that is adenine in which the nitrogen at position 9 has been substituted by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. It is an adenylate cyclase inhibitor.	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue; oxolanes	EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
stearic acid octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.	2.47	2	0	long-chain fatty acid; saturated fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
imatinib [no description available]	4.96	11	0	aromatic amine; benzamides; N-methylpiperazine; pyridines; pyrimidines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
vorinostat Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).	4.08	4	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; hydroxamic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylcholine Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.	3.23	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion; succinate ester	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
succinylsulfathiazole succinylsulfathiazole: intestinal antimicrobial agent; structure	2.07	1	0	1,3-thiazoles
sulconazole sulconazole: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure given in first source. sulconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-sulconazole. An antifungal agent with activity against Candida species, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-[(4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}-1H-imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-ethyl-1H-imidazole in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a (4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanediyl group while a second is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group.	2.42	2	0	dichlorobenzene; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes; organic sulfide
sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.	2.48	2	0	N-sulfonylcarboxamide; substituted aniline	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	2.47	2	0	aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfamerazine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen
sulfameter Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; leprostatic drug; renal agent
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.47	2	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.	3.87	3	0	sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	3.55	8	0	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
sulfanilamide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfanitran [no description available]	2.46	2	0	sulfonamide
sulfaphenazole Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.	2.73	3	0	primary amino compound; pyrazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.05	1	0	pyridines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; dermatologic drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.	5.29	16	0
sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	3.23	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.	3.63	9	0	pyrazolidines; sulfoxide	uricosuric drug
sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	3.43	7	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol [no description available]	3.59	2	0	alkylbenzene
sulpiride Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.	5.23	50	0	benzamides; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfonamide	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
sultopride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	salicylamides
sumatriptan Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.	5.52	21	0	sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.	3.14	5	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antirheumatic drug; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
suramin Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.	10.35	56	0	naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug
talipexole talipexole: dopamine receptor agonist; structure given in first source	6.55	64	0	azepine
gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.	3.55	8	0	N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
tazarotene tazarotene: a topical acetylenic retinoid; a topical kerytolytic. tazarotene : The ethyl ester of tazarotenic acid. A prodrug for tazarotenic acid, it is used for the treatment of psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.	2.45	2	0	acetylenic compound; ethyl ester; pyridines; retinoid; thiochromane	keratolytic drug; prodrug; teratogenic agent
tegafur [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
telenzepine telenzepine: structure given in first source	2.71	3	0	benzodiazepine
temazepam Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.	4.05	4	0	benzodiazepine
temozolomide [no description available]	4.08	4	0	imidazotetrazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; triazene derivative	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
terazosin Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia	22.19	590	158	furans; piperazines; primary amino compound; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
terbutaline Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	6.11	23	0	phenylethanolamines; resorcinols	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.	3.91	12	0	diarylmethane
tetracaine Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.	3.27	6	0	benzoate ester; tertiary amino compound	local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)	3.78	11	0	quaternary ammonium ion
tetrahydrozoline tetrahydrozoline: used as nasal decongestant; Visine is a form of eye drops; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0	carboxamidine; imidazolines	nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent
tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone: structure. tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone : A hydroxybenzoquinone in which all four protons of the benzoquinone structure are substituted by hydroxy groups. A systemic keratolytic, it is normally supplied as its hydrate (CHEBI:137471).	2.07	1	0	hydroxybenzoquinone	keratolytic drug
thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.	4.25	5	0	phthalimides; piperidones
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	4.1	4	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
2-thiosalicylic acid 2-thiosalicylic acid: a degradation product of thimerosal; RN given refers to parent cpd. thiosalicylic acid : A sulfanylbenzoic acid that is the 2-sulfanyl derivative of benzoic acid.	2.07	1	0	sulfanylbenzoic acid	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic
thioridazine Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.	6.03	14	0	phenothiazines; piperidines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).	4.66	8	0	aziridines
tiapride [no description available]	2.08	1	0	benzamides
tiaprofenic acid tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.	2.46	2	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	drug allergen; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ticlopidine Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.	4.39	6	0	monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; hematologic agent; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tilorone Tilorone: An antiviral agent used as its hydrochloride. It is the first recognized synthetic, low-molecular-weight compound that is an orally active interferon inducer, and is also reported to have antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory actions.. tilorone : A member of the class of fluoren-9-ones that is 9H-fluoren-9-one which is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethoxy group at positions 2 and 7. It is an interferon inducer and a selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7 nAChR) agonist. Its hydrochloride salt is used as an antiviral drug.	2.47	2	0	aromatic ether; diether; fluoren-9-ones; tertiary amino compound	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; interferon inducer; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
tinidazole Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.	4.66	8	0	imidazoles	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
tioconazole tioconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tioconazole.. 1-{2-[(2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that comprises 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylimidazole carrying an additional (2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy substituent at position 2.	2.02	1	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; thiophenes
tiopronin Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.	3.85	3	0	N-acyl-amino acid
tipepidine tipepidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	piperidines
tizanidine tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.	5.25	16	0	benzothiadiazole; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; muscle relaxant
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate: intracellular calcium antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.38	2	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
nikethamide Nikethamide: A central nervous system stimulant. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229)	2.08	1	0	pyridinecarboxamide
todralazine Todralazine: An antihypertensive agent with both central and peripheral action; it has some central nervous system depressant effects.	1.96	1	0	phthalazines
tolazamide Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	4.07	4	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; potassium channel blocker
tolazoline Tolazoline: A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.. tolazoline : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole substituted by a benzyl group.	5.08	14	0	imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.	5.28	16	0	N-sulfonylurea	human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker
tolmetin Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.	3.54	2	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrroles	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate [no description available]	2.48	2	0	monothiocarbamic ester	antifungal drug
tolperisone Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone
ultram 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.	5.01	12	0	aromatic ether; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
tramazoline [no description available]	4.49	4	0	tetralins
tranexamic acid Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.	4.39	6	0	amino acid
trapidil Trapidil: A coronary vasodilator agent.	4.02	4	0	triazolopyrimidines
trazodone Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.	5.52	12	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazolopyridine	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
trequinsin trequinsin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	pyridopyrimidine
triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.	6.5	14	1	pteridines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
triazolam Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.	4.75	9	0	triazolobenzodiazepine	sedative
trichlormethiazide Trichlormethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830). trichlormethiazide : A benzothiadiazine, hydrogenated at positions 2, 3 and 4 and substituted with an aminosulfonyl group at C-7, a chloro substituent at C-6 and a dichloromethyl group at C-3 and with S-1 as an S,S-dioxide. A sulfonamide antibiotic, it is used as a diuretic to treat oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension.	2	1	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide antibiotic	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
triclosan [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic
trientine Trientine: An ethylenediamine derivative used as stabilizer for EPOXY RESINS, as ampholyte for ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING and as chelating agent for copper in HEPATOLENTICULAR DEGENERATION.. TETA : An azamacrocyle in which four nitrogen atoms at positions 1, 4, 8 and 11 of a fouteen-membered ring are each substituted with a carboxymethyl group.. 2,2,2-tetramine : A polyazaalkane that is decane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogens.	2.02	1	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	copper chelator
trifluoperazine [no description available]	4.8	10	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
trifluperidol Trifluperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES including MANIA and SCHIZOPHRENIA. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p621)	2.07	1	0	aromatic ketone
triflupromazine Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.	2.73	3	0	organofluorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
trihexyphenidyl Trihexyphenidyl: One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.	3.8	3	0	amine
trimebutine Trimebutine: Proposed spasmolytic with possible local anesthetic action used in gastrointestinal disorders.	2.07	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
trimeprazine Trimeprazine: A phenothiazine derivative that is used as an antipruritic.	2.07	1	0	phenothiazines
trimethadione Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.	3.85	3	0	oxazolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector
trimethobenzamide trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.	3.23	1	0	benzamides; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	5.58	22	0	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trimetrexate Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.	4.78	5	0
trimipramine Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.	4.24	5	0	dibenzoazepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trioxsalen Trioxsalen: Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.. lactone : Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.. antipsoriatic : A drug used to treat psoriasis.. trioxsalen : 7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis.	2.07	1	0	psoralens	dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent
tripelennamine Tripelennamine: A histamine H1 antagonist with low sedative action but frequent gastrointestinal irritation. It is used to treat ASTHMA; HAY FEVER; URTICARIA; and RHINITIS; and also in veterinary applications. Tripelennamine is administered by various routes, including topically.	2.69	3	0	aromatic amine
troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.	4.65	8	0	chromanes; thiazolidinone	anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
tropicamide Tropicamide: One of the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS with pharmacologic action similar to ATROPINE and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic.	4.11	3	1	acetamides
thenoyltrifluoroacetone Thenoyltrifluoroacetone: Chelating agent and inhibitor of cellular respiration.	2.08	1	0
tulobuterol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organochlorine compound
tyramine [no description available]	13.13	46	1	monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
delavirdine Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	3.84	3	0	aminopyridine; indolecarboxamide; N-acylpiperazine; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
undecylenic acid undecylenic acid: a fatty acid with a terminal double bond. 10-undecenoic acid : An undecenoic acid having its double bond in the 10-position. It is derived from castor oil and is used for the treatment of skin problems.. undecenoic acid : A C11, straight-chain fatty acid carrying a C=C double bond at any position.	2.08	1	0	undecenoic acid	antifungal drug; plant metabolite
urapidil [no description available]	10.39	50	5	piperazines
5-methylurapidil [no description available]	7.43	91	0
urethane [no description available]	3.49	8	0	carbamate ester	fungal metabolite; mutagen
venlafaxine venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.	5.02	12	0	cyclohexanols; monomethoxybenzene; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; serotonin uptake inhibitor; xenobiotic
vesnarinone [no description available]	2.46	2	0	organic molecular entity
vigabatrin [no description available]	4.24	5	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
viloxazine Viloxazine: A morpholine derivative used as an antidepressant. It is similar in action to IMIPRAMINE.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether
w 7 W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist	1.96	1	0
n-(2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-n-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide [no description available]	2.02	1	0	piperazines
wb 4101 N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine bearing a [(2',6'-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethylamino]methyl group at position 2. An alpha1A-adrenergic selective antagonist.	8.97	166	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxine; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
pirinixic acid pirinixic acid: structure	2.47	2	0	aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; pyrimidines
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine 8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist	1.98	1	0
xylazine Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.	6.55	38	0	1,3-thiazine; methylbenzene; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; emetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
xylometazoline xylometazoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.4	2	0	alkylbenzene
ici 204,219 zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	4.26	5	0	carbamate ester; indoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	anti-asthmatic agent; leukotriene antagonist
zaleplon zaleplon: an azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; a hypnotic with less marked effect on psychomotor functions compared to lorazepam. zaleplon : A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine having a nitrile group at position 3 and a 3-(N-ethylacetamido)phenyl substituent at the 7-position.	4.54	7	0	nitrile; pyrazolopyrimidine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; central nervous system depressant; sedative
cn 100 CN 100: structure given in first source	2.06	1	0	organic molecular entity
zolpidem Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.	4.65	8	0	imidazopyridine	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; sedative
zomepirac zomepirac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.02	1	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; pyrroles	cardiovascular drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
zonisamide Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization.. zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position.	3.87	3	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; sulfonamide	anticonvulsant; antioxidant; central nervous system drug; protective agent; T-type calcium channel blocker
zopiclone zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.	2.97	4	0	monochloropyridine; pyrrolopyrazine	central nervous system depressant; sedative
guanidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	one-carbon compound; organic chloride salt	protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.05	1	0	cortisol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.	3.59	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.	3.85	3	0	mitomycin	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
corticosterone [no description available]	9.91	36	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.	5.38	18	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
estriol hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.	2.47	2	0	16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	estrogen; human metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
lysergic acid diethylamide Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.. lysergic acid diethylamide : An ergoline alkaloid arising from formal condensation of lysergic acid with diethylamine.	3.07	5	0	ergoline alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound	dopamine agonist; hallucinogen; serotonergic agonist
reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.	11.16	132	2	alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic
cephaloridine Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.	2.45	2	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.	15.84	504	6	imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
hexobendine Hexobendine: A potent vasoactive agent that dilates cerebral and coronary arteries, but slightly constricts femoral arteries, without any effects on heart rate, blood pressure or cardiac output.	1.96	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).	5.13	5	0	glucitol	cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
alloxan Alloxan: Acidic compound formed by oxidation of URIC ACID. It is isolated as an efflorescent crystalline hydrate.. alloxan : A member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups.	2.38	2	0	pyrimidone	hyperglycemic agent; metabolite
thymidine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	2.44	2	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide [no description available]	2.47	2	0	benzodioxoles	pesticide synergist
bromouracil Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.	2.05	1	0	nucleobase analogue; pyrimidines	mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.	2.4	2	0
dichloroisoproterenol dichloroisoproterenol: was heading 1968-94; was DICHLORISOPROTERENOL 1963-76; DCI was see DICHLOROISOPROTERENOL 1975-94; use ISOPROTERENOL to search DICHLOROISOPROTERENOL 1968-94 & DICHLORISOPROTERENOL 1966-67	1.96	1	0
histamine dihydrochloride Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.	2.05	1	0
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	5.44	20	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
dibenzylchlorethamine Dibenzylchlorethamine: An alpha adrenergic antagonist.	3.23	6	0
dextroamphetamine Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.	5.73	27	0	1-phenylpropan-2-amine	adrenergic agent; adrenergic uptake inhibitor; dopamine uptake inhibitor; dopaminergic agent; neurotoxin; sympathomimetic agent
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	9.55	77	1	ammonium salt; carbamate ester	cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.	2.46	2	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; terminal acetylenic compound	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	8.02	22	1	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cyclobarbital cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
aldosterone [no description available]	10.3	31	12	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
allobarbital allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
pentolinium tartrate Pentolinium Tartrate: A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocking agent in hypertension.. pentolinium tartrate : The bitartrate salt of pentolinium.	3.68	10	0	tartrate salt	antihypertensive agent
penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.	4.08	4	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine	antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen
trichlorfon Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.05	1	0	organic phosphonate; organochlorine compound; phosphonic ester	agrochemical; anthelminthic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
cysteine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	cysteine zwitterion; cysteine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flour treatment agent; human metabolite
prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.	5.15	14	0	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	4.73	9	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
oxandrolone Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.	3.59	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; oxa-steroid	anabolic agent; androgen
dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.	2.47	2	0	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
nad [no description available]	2.05	1	0	NAD	geroprotector
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	4.95	11	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
metaraminol Metaraminol: A sympathomimetic agent that acts predominantly at alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It has been used primarily as a vasoconstrictor in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. metaraminol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 2-amino-1-phenylethanol substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a phenolic hydroxy group at position 1. A sympathomimetic agent , it is used in the treatment of hypotension.	3.07	5	0	phenylethanolamines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.	9.99	12	0	pilocarpine	antiglaucoma drug
dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide: A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.	3.37	7	0	N-arylpiperazine; organic iodide salt; piperazinium salt; quaternary ammonium salt	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.	2.95	4	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
amifampridine Amifampridine: 4-Aminopyridine derivative that acts as a POTASSIUM CHANNEL blocker to increase release of ACETYLCHOLINE from nerve terminals. It is used in the treatment of CONGENITAL MYASTHENIC SYNDROMES.	2.41	2	0	aminopyridine
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	5.39	19	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
(4-(m-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium chloride (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride: A drug that selectively activates certain subclasses of muscarinic receptors and also activates postganglionic nicotinic receptors. It is commonly used experimentally to distinguish muscarinic receptor subtypes.	2.9	4	0
biguanides Biguanides: Derivatives of biguanide (the structure formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2) that are primarily used as oral HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS for the treatment of DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 and PREDIABETES.. biguanides : A class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. They have a structure based on the 2-carbamimidoylguanidine skeleton.	2	1	0	guanidines
carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.	2.93	4	0	chlorocarbon; chloromethanes	hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant
cantharidin Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.	2.02	1	0	cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride; monoterpenoid	EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; herbicide
tetraethylammonium chloride tetraethylammonium chloride : A quarternary ammonium chloride salt in which the cation has four ethyl substituents around the central nitrogen.	1.96	1	0	organic chloride salt; quaternary ammonium salt	potassium channel blocker
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	4.64	6	1	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.91	4	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone acetate Desoxycorticosterone Acetate: The 21-acetate derivative of desoxycorticosterone.	2.57	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4.	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; quinoline N-oxide	carcinogenic agent
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	5.28	16	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	3.38	7	0	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	3.59	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allyl isothiocyanate allyl isothiocyanate: used in the manufacture of flavors, war gases; medical use as a counterirritant; structure. allyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate with the formula CH2=CHCH2N=C=S. A colorless oil with boiling point 152degreeC, it is responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi.	2.05	1	0	alkenyl isothiocyanate; isothiocyanate	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; lachrymator; metabolite
cetrimonium bromide cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.	2.05	1	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	detergent; surfactant
cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide.	1.98	1	0	pseudohalide anion	EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor
chlorobutanol [no description available]	2.06	1	0	tertiary alcohol
vincristine [no description available]	4.75	9	0	acetate ester; formamides; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	5.1	14	0	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	3.5	8	0	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	3.74	10	0	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.	2.44	2	0	steroid ester
tubocurarine Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.	3.79	11	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	1.99	1	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.	6.17	43	0	aporphine alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug
aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.	2.75	3	0	pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound	antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
methyltestosterone Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.	3.59	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone	anabolic agent; androgen; antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine 9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.	4.19	5	0	benzoquinolizine; cyclic ketone; tertiary amino compound
adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.	5.39	14	1	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.	2.45	2	0	azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.	1.97	1	0	tetrachlorophenol	xenobiotic metabolite
uridine [no description available]	2.41	2	0	uridines	drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.	4.26	5	0	kanamycins	bacterial metabolite
ethopabate Ethopabate: An inhibitor of folate metabolism. It is used as a coccidiostat in poultry.	2.07	1	0	amidobenzoic acid
bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	2.91	4	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
piperoxan Piperoxan: A benzodioxane alpha-adrenergic blocking agent with considerable stimulatory action. It has been used to diagnose PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and as an antihypertensive agent.	10.26	17	0
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	16.35	822	18	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease	5.69	19	1	amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	4.01	4	0	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	2.94	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
cysteamine Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.	3.86	3	0	amine; thiol	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.	3.23	1	0	quaternary ammonium salt
mepazine mepazine: major descriptor (66-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search MEPAZINE (66-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. pacatal : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has an N-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl substituent at the N-10 position.	3.23	1	0	phenothiazines
acepromazine Acepromazine: A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.. acepromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by an acetyl group at position 2 and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at position 10.	2.07	1	0	aromatic ketone; methyl ketone; phenothiazines; tertiary amino compound	phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
methoxamine Methoxamine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.. methoxamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group and the phenyl ring is 2- and 5-substituted with methoxy groups. It is an antihypotensive agent (pressor), an agonist acting directly at alpha-adrenoceptors with selectivity for the alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtype similar to phenylephrine .	7.76	216	0	amphetamines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypotensive agent
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	2.39	2	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.	2.45	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
niridazole Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound
cloxacillin Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.	4.08	4	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	3.36	7	0	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
bretylium tosylate Bretylium Tosylate: An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.. bretylium tosylate : The tosylate salt of bretylium. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.	2.92	4	0	organosulfonate salt; quaternary ammonium salt	adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent
zoxazolamine Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.	2.07	1	0	benzoxazole
leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.	3.13	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
berlition berlition: antioxidant preparation containing alpha-lipoic acid, used in the neuroprotective therapy of chronic brain ischemia for correction of free-radical processes. (R)-lipoic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties.. lipoic acid : A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.	2.45	2	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; lipoic acid; thia fatty acid	cofactor; nutraceutical; prosthetic group
methacholine chloride Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)	3.08	5	0	quaternary ammonium salt
calcium acetate calcium acetate: a principal compound used as phosphate binders in patients with chronic renal failure; used like sevelamer. calcium acetate : The calcium salt of acetic acid. It is used, commonly as a hydrate, to treat hyperphosphataemia (excess phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease: the calcium ion combines with dietary phosphate to form (insoluble) calcium phosphate, which is excreted in the faeces.	3.23	1	0	calcium salt	chelator
androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.	2.9	4	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
carbaryl Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.	2.4	2	0	carbamate ester; naphthalenes	acaricide; agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant growth retardant
cytidine monophosphate Cytidine Monophosphate: Cytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. cytidine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase.	1.96	1	0	cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
uridine triphosphate Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	2.69	3	0	pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.	2.46	2	0	lactose
methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.	3.59	2	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	2.48	2	0
phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.	3.24	6	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Mebutamate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	4.46	23	0	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.	5.63	24	0	alkaloid; colchicine	anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen
gallamine triethiodide Gallamine Triethiodide: A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)	2.37	2	0
mebanazine mebanazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.23	1	0	benzenes
strophanthidin Strophanthidin: 3 beta,5,14-Trihydroxy-19-oxo-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide. The aglycone cardioactive agent isolated from Strophanthus Kombe, S. gratus and other species; it is a very toxic material formerly used as digitalis. Synonyms: Apocymarin; Corchorin; Cynotoxin; Corchorgenin.	2.38	2	0	14beta-hydroxy steroid; 19-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; cardenolides; steroid aldehyde
oxacillin Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.	4.06	4	0	penicillin	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	4.23	18	0	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	4.37	21	0	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	2.45	2	0	chloromethanes; one-carbon compound	carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
triamcinolone diacetate triamcinolone diacetate: lysyl oxidase antagonist; Polcortolon may also refers to triamcinolone	2.08	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.	2	1	0	formamides; volatile organic compound	geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent
norethindrone Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.	3.14	5	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.	2.05	1	0	oxo steroid
cycloserine Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).	4.75	5	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; zwitterion	antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antitubercular agent; metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
benziodarone benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)	3.59	2	0	aromatic ketone
chlorisondamine Chlorisondamine: A nicotinic antagonist used primarily as a ganglionic blocker in animal research. It has been used as an antihypertensive agent but has been supplanted by more specific drugs in most clinical applications.	3.36	7	0	isoindoles
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	4.63	8	0	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mannitol [no description available]	11.21	10	1	mannitol	allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent
cytarabine [no description available]	4.24	5	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.	2.44	2	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group.	2	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
medroxyprogesterone acetate [no description available]	3.09	5	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; steroid ester	adjuvant; androgen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; female contraceptive drug; inhibitor; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
veratridine [no description available]	3.32	6	0	steroid	sodium channel modulator
sulfobromophthalein sodium bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.	2.46	2	0	organic sodium salt	dye
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	2.93	4	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.4	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol [no description available]	2.44	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; aromatic ether; terminal acetylenic compound	prodrug; xenoestrogen
methaqualone Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.	3.62	2	0	quinazolines	GABA agonist; sedative
trypan blue VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.	2.05	1	0
cordycepin [no description available]	2.4	2	0	3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines	antimetabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	3.49	8	0	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
nifenalol nifenalol: adrenergic beta-blocker with good antiarrhythmic properties; also tends to lower blood pressure & provide protection against angina; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ETHANOLAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0	C-nitro compound
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	11.25	46	0	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
ethylamine ethylamine : A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.	1.96	1	0	primary aliphatic amine	human metabolite
tetramethylammonium tetramethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetramethylammonium : The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.	1.96	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mouse metabolite
trifluoroacetic acid Trifluoroacetic Acid: A very strong halogenated derivative of acetic acid. It is used in acid catalyzed reactions, especially those where an ester is cleaved in peptide synthesis.. trifluoroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the trifluoro derivative of acetic acid.	2.37	2	0	fluoroalkanoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; reagent
perflutren Definity: a fluorocarbon-filled ultrasonic contrast agent; Definity is tradename. octafluoropropane : A fluorocarbon that is propane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.	3.23	1	0	fluoroalkane; fluorocarbon
triamcinolone acetonide Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.	2.75	3	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
fluoxymesterone Fluoxymesterone: An anabolic steroid that has been used in the treatment of male HYPOGONADISM, delayed puberty in males, and in the treatment of breast neoplasms in women.	3.23	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; fluorinated steroid	anabolic agent; antineoplastic agent
mepenzolate bromide [no description available]	2.46	2	0	diarylmethane
allylpropymal allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.	9.2	17	0	benzenes; piperidines	anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug
butobarbital butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
methsuximide methsuximide: anticonvulsant effective in petit mal & psychomotor epilepsy; has a number of unpleasant & toxic side effects; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SUCCINIMIDES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	5.2	3	1	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
pentaerythritol tetranitrate Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate: A vasodilator with general properties similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a more prolonged duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1025). pentaerythritol tetranitrate : A pentaerythritol nitrate in which all four hydroxy groups of pentaerythritol have been converted to the corresponding nitrate ester. It is a vasodilator with properties similar to those of glyceryl trinitrate, but with a more prolonged duration of action, and is used for treatment of angina pectoris. It is also one of the most powerful high explosives known and is a component of the plastic explosive known as Semtex.	3.09	1	0	pentaerythritol nitrate	explosive; vasodilator agent
trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.	2.05	1	0	chloroethenes	inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite
dichloroacetic acid [no description available]	2.41	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	astringent; marine metabolite
pantothenic acid Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.	2.07	1	0	pantothenic acid; vitamin B5	antidote to curare poisoning; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite
cumene hydroperoxide cumene hydroperoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd. cumene hydroperoxide : A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group.	1.97	1	0	peroxol	environmental contaminant; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; oxidising agent
sulfachlorpyridazine Sulfachlorpyridazine: A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.. sulfachloropyridazine : A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.	2.07	1	0	organochlorine compound; pyridazines; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
dehydrocholic acid Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.	2.05	1	0	12-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-5beta-steroid; 7-oxo steroid; oxo-5beta-cholanic acid	gastrointestinal drug
taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.	3.15	5	0	amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.	5.22	15	0	6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	2.7	3	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
brompheniramine Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.81	3	0	organobromine compound; pyridines	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
phensuximide phensuximide: major descriptor (73-84); on-line search SUCCINIMIDES (73-84); Index Medicus search PHENSUXIMIDE (73-84); RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.07	1	0	pyrrolidines
propoxycaine Propoxycaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a rapid onset of action and a longer duration of action than procaine hydrochloride. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1017)	2.4	2	0	benzoate ester
carbazole carbazole: structure in first source	2.02	1	0	carbazole
dimethisoquin [no description available]	2.71	3	0	isoquinolines
penicillin v Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.	4.53	7	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.	14.54	73	22	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
aminacrine Aminacrine: A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.. 9-aminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by an amino group. A fluorescent dyd and topical antiseptic agent, it is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) in eye drops for the treatment of superficial eye infections.	2.15	1	0	aminoacridines; primary amino compound	acid-base indicator; antiinfective agent; antiseptic drug; fluorescent dye; MALDI matrix material; mutagen
pseudoephedrine Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.	3.58	2	0	phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; central nervous system drug; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
diethylpropion Diethylpropion: A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290). diethylpropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone in which one of the hydrogens alpha- to the carbonyl is substituted by a diethylamino group. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as the hydrochloride as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ketone; tertiary amine	appetite depressant
quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.	10.36	130	1	mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene
isatin tribulin: endogenous MONOAMINE OXIDASE inhibitory activity extractable into ethyl acetate found in brain and many mammalian tissues and fluids; ISATIN is a major component; produced in excess following alcohol withdrawal;	2.71	3	0	indoledione	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
3,3'-diaminobenzidine 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine: A chemically and thermodynamically stable derivative of BENZIDINE.. 3,3'-diaminobenzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is benzidine in which one of the hydrogens ortho to each of the amino groups has been replaced by an amino group.	2.02	1	0	biphenyls; substituted aniline	histological dye
xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.	2.7	3	0	xanthene
phenothiazine 10H-phenothiazine : The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.	2.42	2	0	phenothiazine	ferroptosis inhibitor; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
synephrine [no description available]	3.11	5	0	ethanolamines; phenethylamine alkaloid; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; plant metabolite
parethoxycaine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	benzoate ester
benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.	2.05	1	0	carbonyl compound
4-butyrolactone 4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	2.37	2	0	butan-4-olide	metabolite; neurotoxin
soman Soman: An organophosphorus compound that inhibits cholinesterase. It causes seizures and has been used as a chemical warfare agent.	1.98	1	0	phosphonic ester
1,3-ditolylguanidine 1,3-ditolylguanidine: structure given in first source; a selective ligand for the sigma binding sites in the brain	1.97	1	0	toluenes
phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate: The key substance in the biosynthesis of histidine, tryptophan, and purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.. 5-phosphoribosyl diphosphate : A ribose diphosphate carrying an additional phosphate group at position 5.. 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate : A derivative of alpha-D-ribose having a phosphate group at the 5-position and a diphosphate at the 1-position.	1.97	1	0	5-O-phosphono-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
benzenesulfonic acid benzenesulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzenesulfonic acid : The simplest member of the class of a benzenesulfonic acids that consists of a benzene carrying a single sulfo group.	1.96	1	0	benzenesulfonic acids
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid: A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of GLUTAMINE or GLUTATHIONE metabolism.. 5-oxo-L-proline : An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration.	2.41	2	0	5-oxoproline; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	algal metabolite
nicotinyl alcohol Nicotinyl Alcohol: Alcohol analog of NICOTINIC ACID which is a direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that causes flushing and may decrease blood pressure. It is used in vasospasm and threatened GANGRENE.. 3-pyridinemethanol : A member of the class of pyridines that is pyridine which is substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 3 .	1.97	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; pyridines	antilipemic drug; vasodilator agent
quinuclidines Quinuclidines: A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group.	4.31	4	1	quinuclidines; saturated organic heterobicyclic parent
pyridostigmine bromide Pyridostigmine Bromide: A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.	2.42	2	0	pyridinium salt
benzonatate benzonatate: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1107. benzonatate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.	3.6	2	0	benzoate ester; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	anaesthetic; antitussive
acrolein [no description available]	2.05	1	0	enal	herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	2.03	1	0	alkane
cyclohexanol Cyclohexanols: Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.. cyclohexanols : An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton.	2.93	4	0	cyclohexanols; secondary alcohol	solvent
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	4.01	14	0	pyrrole; secondary amine
furan furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.	7.71	3	0	furans; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; Maillard reaction product
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	8.2	18	2	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.	2.03	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
heptanol Heptanol: A colorless liquid with a fragrant odor. It is used as an intermediate, solvent and in cosmetics.. heptanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of seven carbon atoms.. heptan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated from Capillipedium parviflorum.	2	1	0	heptanol; primary alcohol	flavouring agent; fragrance; gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor; plant metabolite
3,3'-iminodipropionitrile 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile: lathyrogen; RN refers to parent cpd; blocks axoplasmic transport of neurofilament proteins with subsequent axon swelling typical of some motor neuron diseases	1.97	1	0
n-decyl alcohol n-decyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd. decanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms.. decan-1-ol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at C-1 of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms.	2	1	0	decanol; primary alcohol	metabolite; pheromone; protic solvent
tetraethylenepentamine [no description available]	2.01	1	0	polyazaalkane	copper chelator
ergotamine Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.	8.72	10	0	peptide ergot alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; mycotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; oxytocic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
estradiol dipropionate estradiol dipropionate: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemline 7/83	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
methylergonovine Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.61	2	0	ergoline alkaloid
neostigmine bromide neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.	3.42	7	0	bromide salt
phenformin Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.	3.31	6	0	biguanides	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.4	2	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant
hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.	2.05	1	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorobenzenes	antifungal agrochemical; carcinogenic agent; persistent organic pollutant
trinitrotoluene Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.	2.05	1	0	trinitrotoluene	explosive
framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.	3.72	10	0	aminoglycoside	allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite
dimethoxyphenylethylamine Dimethoxyphenylethylamine: A derivative of phenethylamine containing two substituent methoxy groups in the phenyl ring.. 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine : An aromatic ether that is the derivative of 2-phenylethylamine with methoxy substituents at the 3- and 4-positions. It is an alkaloid isolated from the Cactaceae family.	1.98	1	0	alkaloid; aromatic ether; phenylethylamine	allergen; plant metabolite
pyrazolanthrone pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.	2.45	2	0	anthrapyrazole; aromatic ketone; cyclic ketone	antineoplastic agent; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; geroprotector
diatrizoate meglumine Diatrizoate Meglumine: A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.. meglumine amidotrizoate : The N-methylglucamine salt of amidotrizoic acid. Both the sodium and the meglumine salts of amidotrizoic acid have been widely used as water-soluble radioopaque media in diagnostic radiography. The use of a mixture of the two salts is often preferred, as adverse effects can be reduced.	1.96	1	0	monocarboxylic acid anion	radioopaque medium
meglumine Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.	2.42	2	0	hexosamine; secondary amino compound
3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.02	1	0	carbazoles
cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94	3.87	3	0	quinolines
chloroprocaine chloroprocaine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. chloroprocaine : Procaine in which one of the hydrogens ortho- to the carboxylic acid group is substituted by chlorine. It is used as its monohydrochloride salt as a local anaesthetic, particularly for oral surgery. It has the advantage over lidocaine of constricting blood vessels, so reducing bleeding.	2.07	1	0	benzoate ester; monochlorobenzenes	central nervous system depressant; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
iodohippuric acid Iodohippuric Acid: An iodine-containing compound used in pyelography as a radiopaque medium. If labeled with radioiodine, it can be used for studies of renal function.. 2-iodohippuric acid : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-iodobenzoic acid with the amino group of glycine.	1.95	1	0	benzamides; N-acylglycine; organoiodine compound
2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.	3.35	7	0	naphthol	antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
ethyl acetate ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol.	2.03	1	0	acetate ester; ethyl ester; volatile organic compound	EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; metabolite; polar aprotic solvent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
n-heptane Heptanes: Seven-carbon alkanes with the formula C7H16.. heptane : A straight-chain alkane with seven carbon atoms. It has been found in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi).	2.44	2	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; plant metabolite
tetraphenylborate Tetraphenylborate: An anionic compound that is used as a reagent for determination of potassium, ammonium, rubidium, and cesium ions. It also uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and forms complexes with biological materials, and is used in biological assays.	1.98	1	0
pregnenolone [no description available]	2	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; C21-steroid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
azapetine azapetine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.65	3	0	benzazepine
yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.	16.04	1,337	4	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
2-chloroadenosine 5-chloroformycin A: structure given in first source	2.89	4	0	purine nucleoside
diphenhydramine hydrochloride Antitussive Agents: Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.. diphenhydramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenhydramine.	1.98	1	0	hydrochloride; organoammonium salt	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; sedative
nafcillin Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.. nafcillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group.	4.23	5	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.	3.24	6	0	dithiocarbamic acids	chelator; copper chelator
mequinol mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols	metabolite
potassium cyanide [no description available]	2.71	3	0	cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; potassium salt	EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; neurotoxin
methohexital Methohexital: An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.. methohexital : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by allyl and 1-methylpent-2-ynyl groups.	3.84	3	0	acetylenic compound; barbiturates	drug allergen; intravenous anaesthetic
quinestrol Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)	2.05	1	0	17-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
dydrogesterone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid	progestin
fluocortolone Fluocortolone: A glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity used topically for various skin disorders.	2.03	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.	2.13	1	0	catechin	antioxidant; plant metabolite
quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.	20.19	879	129	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines
acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	2.37	2	0	acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	genotoxin
indazoles Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES.	2.7	3	0	indazole
benzoxazoles 1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton.	2.07	1	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	2.68	3	0	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	4.24	18	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	3.26	6	0	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.	2.91	4	0	diazine; pyrazines	Daphnia magna metabolite
propantheline bromide [no description available]	2.44	2	0	xanthenes
nitroblue tetrazolium Nitroblue Tetrazolium: Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.	2.03	1	0	organic cation
indopan indopan: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alpha-methyltryptamine : A tryptamine derivative having a methyl substituent at the alpha-position.	1.96	1	0	tryptamines
ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.	5.31	10	0	phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines	bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.	4.27	4	1	azane; hydrazines	EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
thiocyanate thiocyanate: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiocyanate : A pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid.	1.96	1	0	pseudohalide anion; sulfur molecular entity	human metabolite
chlormadinone acetate Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).	2.44	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
pirinitramide Pirinitramide: A diphenylpropylamine with intense narcotic analgesic activity of long duration. It is a derivative of MEPERIDINE with similar activity and usage.	2.45	2	0	nitrile
edrophonium bromide [no description available]	2.04	1	0
2h-benzo(a)quinolizin-2-ol, 2-ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-3-isobutyl-9,10-dimethoxy- 2H-Benzo(a)quinolizin-2-ol, 2-Ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-3-isobutyl-9,10-dimethoxy-: Proposed catecholamine depletor.	1.96	1	0
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
hemicholinium 3 Hemicholinium 3: A potent inhibitor of the high affinity uptake system for CHOLINE. It has less effect on the low affinity uptake system. Since choline is one of the components of ACETYLCHOLINE, treatment with hemicholinium can deplete acetylcholine from cholinergic terminals. Hemicholinium 3 is commonly used as a research tool in animal and in vitro experiments.	2.68	3	0
estradiol 17 beta-cypionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.	2.41	2	0	organic sodium salt	fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
monocrotaline Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.	2.01	1	0	pyrrolizidine alkaloid
testosterone enanthate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	heptanoate ester; sterol ester	androgen
aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.	4.06	4	0	mixture	bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug
azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.	4.08	4	0	N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent
phenyramidol phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity	2.05	1	0	aminopyridine
carbutamide Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)	2.05	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
galantamine Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.	4.26	5	0	benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent; benzazepine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidote to curare poisoning; cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
nandrolone decanoate Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	3.59	2	0	steroid ester
methysergide Methysergide: An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome.. methysergide : A synthetic ergot alkaloid, structurally related to the oxytocic agent methylergonovine and to the potent hallucinogen LSD and used prophylactically to reduce the frequency and intensity of severe vascular headaches.	5.13	46	0	ergoline alkaloid
bucladesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; butanamides; butyrate ester	agonist; cardiotonic drug; vasodilator agent
kynuramine Kynuramine: An aromatic ketone containing the aniline structure (ANILINE COMPOUNDS).. kynuramine : A member of the class of kynurenamines that is aniline substituted at position 2 by a 3-aminopropanoyl group.	1.97	1	0	kynurenamines; primary amino compound	metabolite
procarbazine hydrochloride procarbazine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining procarbazine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent
citrulline citrulline : The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position.	2.11	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; citrulline	Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; protective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)	3.42	7	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
prenylamine Prenylamine: A drug formerly used in the treatment of angina pectoris but superseded by less hazardous drugs. Prenylamine depletes myocardial catecholamine stores and has some calcium channel blocking activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1406)	2.68	3	0	diarylmethane
perflubron perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.	2.05	1	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; perfluorinated compound	blood substitute; radioopaque medium
fluorometholone Fluorometholone: A glucocorticoid employed, usually as eye drops, in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye. It has also been used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluorometholone : A member of the class of glucocorticoids that is Delta(1)-progesterone substituted at positions 11beta and 17 by hydroxy groups, at position 6alpha by a methyl group and at position 9 by a fluoro group. Used for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe.	2.07	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
cyproterone acetate [no description available]	2.91	4	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; chlorinated steroid; steroid ester	androgen antagonist; geroprotector; progestin
nandrolone Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17.	2.94	4	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	human metabolite
hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.	1.97	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
fluorobenzenes Fluorobenzenes: Derivatives of BENZENE that contain FLUORINE.. monofluorobenzene : The simplest member of the class of monofluorobenzenes that is benzene carrying a single fluoro substituent.. fluorobenzenes : Any fluoroarene that is a benzene or a substituted benzene carrying at least one fluoro group.	3.73	10	0	monofluorobenzenes	NMR chemical shift reference compound
dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.	4.06	4	0	1-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoate	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
ketobemidone ketobemidone: structure	2.39	2	0	piperidines
glycyrrhetinic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cyclic terpene ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	immunomodulator; plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	4.06	4	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
glycocholic acid Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	2.42	2	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
liriodenine liriodenine: structure given in first source. liriodenine : An oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.	1.99	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; cyclic ketone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxacycle; oxoaporphine alkaloid	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite
nuciferine nuciferine: CNS depressant; glutamic acid antagonist; RN given refers to (R)-isomer; structure	2.17	1	0
boldine [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aporphine alkaloid
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.	3.29	6	0	isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline	antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
dihydralazine Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)	8.96	23	4	phthalazines
cytisine [no description available]	2.4	2	0	alkaloid; bridged compound; lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; phytotoxin; plant metabolite
bicuculline Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.	4.14	16	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines	agrochemical; central nervous system stimulant; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABAA receptor antagonist; neurotoxin
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.	3.61	9	0	dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid	antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist
bufotenin Bufotenin: A hallucinogenic serotonin analog found in frog or toad skins, mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals, especially in the brains, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. Bufotenin has been used as a tool in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic.. bufotenin : A tertiary amine that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 5.	2.37	2	0	tertiary amine; tryptamine alkaloid	coral metabolite; hallucinogen
fructose-1,6-diphosphate beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.	1.96	1	0	D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate	mouse metabolite
phenylpropanolamine Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.	9.77	7	1	amphetamines; phenethylamine alkaloid	plant metabolite
carvacrol carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).	2.06	1	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; p-menthane monoterpenoid; phenols	agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; flavouring agent; TRPA1 channel agonist; volatile oil component
indophenol Indophenol: A deep blue dye (with the formula OC6H4NC6H4OH) used to detect AMMONIA in a common test called the Berthelot's reaction and to detect PARACETAMOL by spectrophotometry.. indophenol : A quinone imine obtained by formal condensation of one of the keto groups of benzoquinone with the amino group of 4-hydroxyaniline.	2.42	2	0	quinone imine	dye
caprolactone hexano-6-lactone : A epsilon-lactone that is oxepane substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	2.11	1	0	epsilon-lactone
4-hydroxybutyric acid 4-hydroxybutyric acid: was an entry term to Sodium Oxybate (74-98). 4-hydroxybutyric acid : A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.23	1	0	4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid	general anaesthetic; GHB receptor agonist; neurotoxin; sedative
alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.	5.01	13	0
thiazolidines Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.	2.45	2	0	thiazolidine
oleanolic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
dihydroergotamine Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.	4.81	10	0	ergot alkaloid; semisynthetic derivative	dopamine agonist; non-narcotic analgesic; serotonergic agonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
podophyllotoxin Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.	2.44	2	0	furonaphthodioxole; lignan; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
florantyrone florantyrone: structure	1.96	1	0	butanone
hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.47	2	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside	mutagen
medroxyprogesterone [no description available]	4.03	4	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.	4.47	5	1	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dimenhydrinate gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source	3.88	3	0	diarylmethane
trimellitic acid trimellitic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. trimellitic acid : Benzene substituted at the 1,2, and 4 positions by carboxy groups.	1.96	1	0	tricarboxylic acid
4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid: Bepask is calcium salt	2.07	1	0	benzamides
hexylcaine hexylcaine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0	benzoate ester
piperocaine piperocaine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.4	2	0	benzoate ester
chlormethiazole Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.	2.95	4	0	thiazoles
tropolone Tropolone: A seven-membered aromatic ring compound. It is structurally related to a number of naturally occurring antifungal compounds (ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS).. tropolone : A cyclic ketone that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is a toxin produced by the agricultural pathogen Burkholderia plantarii.	1.97	1	0	alpha-hydroxy ketone; cyclic ketone; enol	bacterial metabolite; fungicide; toxin
methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol: Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover.	3.91	13	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols
diperodon diperodon: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	carbamate ester
methamphetamine Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.	10.89	12	0	amphetamines; secondary amine	central nervous system stimulant; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; psychotropic drug; xenobiotic
cyclomethycaine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	benzoate ester
levocarnitine (R)-carnitine : The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.	3.56	2	0	carnitine	antilipemic drug; nootropic agent; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; water-soluble vitamin (role)
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	3.28	6	0	dialdehyde	biomarker
sulfanilylurea sulfanilylurea: antimicrobial agent; structure	3.23	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.	2.41	2	0	arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound	epitope; explosive; reagent
gentian violet Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.	2.05	1	0	organic chloride salt	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antiseptic drug; histological dye
1-naphthylisothiocyanate 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate: A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.	2.47	2	0	isothiocyanate	insecticide
hematoporphyrin Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.	2.05	1	0
lithium carbonate Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.	2.04	1	0	carbonate salt; lithium salt	antimanic drug
glycerylphosphorylcholine Glycerylphosphorylcholine: A component of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES or LECITHINS, in which the two hydroxy groups of GLYCEROL are esterified with fatty acids. (From Stedman, 26th ed)	1.99	1	0	glycerophosphocholine
lactulose [no description available]	4.08	4	0	glycosylfructose	gastrointestinal drug; laxative
8-aminoquinoline [no description available]	2.05	1	0
levulinic acid levulinic acid: inhibits 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5316. 4-oxopentanoic acid : An oxopentanoic acid with the oxo group in the 4-position.	1.96	1	0	oxopentanoic acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	plant metabolite
2-tridecanone tridecan-2-one : A methyl ketone that is tridecane in which the methylene hydrogens at position 2 are replaced by an oxo group.	2	1	0	methyl ketone	flavouring agent; plant metabolite
megestrol acetate [no description available]	2.97	4	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; steroid ester	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
glycopyrrolate Glycopyrrolate: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in some disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and to reduce salivation with some anesthetics.. glycopyrronium bromide : A quaternary ammonium salt composed of 3-{[cyclopentyl(hydroxy)phenylacetyl]oxy}-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium and bromide ions in a 1:1 ratio.	2.4	2	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt
pamabrom [no description available]	3.23	1	0
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	4.39	6	0	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
bulbocapnine bulbocapnine: was heading 1975-94 (Prov 1975-90); use APORPHINES to search BULBOCAPNINE 1975-94 (as Prov 1975-94); alkaloid from Corydalis cava and other plants; induces catalepsy probably due to its antagonism of DOPAMINE. bulbocapnine : An aporphine alkaloid that has been isolated from Corydalis and exhibits inhibitory activity against enzymes such as tyrosine 3-monooxygenase and diamine oxidase.	1.99	1	0	aporphine alkaloid; aromatic ether; oxacycle; phenols	EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.22 (diamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
trimetozine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	morpholines
glycochenodeoxycholic acid Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycochenodeoxycholate : A N-acylglycinate that is the conjugate base of glycochenodeoxycholic acid.. glycochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oyl as the bile acid component.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
erythromycin stearate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aminoglycoside
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	5.34	17	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate: The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.. dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate : A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone.	2.04	1	0	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
isosorbide Isosorbide: 1,4:3,6-Dianhydro D-glucitol. Chemically inert osmotic diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus; also used in glaucoma.	1.97	1	0	organic molecular entity
docosanol Tadenan: from powdered bark of Pygaeum africanum (Rosaceae), see also heading for docosanol (a priciple ingredient of extract). docosan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is docosane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It is a non-prescription medicine approved by the FDA to shorten healing time of cold sores.. docosanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twenty-two carbon atoms.	2.42	2	0	docosanol; long-chain primary fatty alcohol	antiviral drug; plant metabolite
2-piperidone 2-piperidone: structure given in first source. piperidin-2-one : A delta-lactam that is piperidine which is substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	2.42	2	0	delta-lactam; piperidones	EC 1.2.1.88 (L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) inhibitor
hydroxychloroquine sulfate [no description available]	2.08	1	0
levonorgestrel Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.	9.64	8	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
lormetazepam lormetazepam: RN given refers to cpd with specified locant for methyl group; structure given in first source. lormetazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position, a 2-chlorophenyl group at the 5-position and a chloro substituent at the 7-position.	2.96	4	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	sedative
dihydrotestosterone propionate dihydrotestosterone propionate: RN given refers to (5alpha,17beta)-isomer; structure	1.99	1	0
vinblastine [no description available]	3.74	10	0
diphenoxylate Diphenoxylate: A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with ATROPINE. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.. diphenoxylate : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of difenoxin.	3.23	1	0	ethyl ester; nitrile; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amine	antidiarrhoeal drug
1-methylpyridinium 1-methylpyridinium: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	methylpyridines
alpha-methylepinephrine alpha-methylepinephrine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #1401	2.36	2	0
estradiol valerate [no description available]	2.73	3	0	steroid ester
rhodamine 6g rhodamine 6G: RN given refers to HCl	2.44	2	0
carcainium chloride carcainium chloride: lidocaine derivative with antiarrhythmic activity; structure	2.4	2	0
allylglycine Allylglycine: An inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase and an antagonist of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. It is used to induce convulsions in experimental animals.	1.96	1	0
ethambutol hydrochloride ethambutol dihydrochloride : The dihydrchloride salt of ethambutol. A bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, it is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol dihydrochloride is used alone.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	antitubercular agent
ethambutol Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.	4.52	7	0	ethanolamines; ethylenediamine derivative	antitubercular agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tetramethylpyrazine tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).	2.41	2	0	alkaloid; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide : A salicylanilide derivative with chloride substituents at C-3 and C-5 of the salicylate moiety and at C-3 and C-4 of the anilide moiety.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene; salicylanilides	drug allergen
phenazocine Phenazocine: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1095)	1.97	1	0
antimycin a [no description available]	2.47	2	0	benzamides; formamides; macrodiolide; phenols	antifungal agent; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; piscicide
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	4.41	6	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.	2.46	2	0	enone; glucosiduronic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tricarboxylic acid; triterpenoid saponin	EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	4.22	5	0	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
amidephrine amidephrine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.68	10	0	sulfonamide
pregnenolone carbonitrile Pregnenolone Carbonitrile: A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cytochrome P450. It has also demonstrated the potential for protective capability against acetaminophen-induced liver damage.	2.08	1	0	aliphatic nitrile
flurandrenolone Flurandrenolone: A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p733)	2.07	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
ibufenac ibufenac: used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. ibufenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
vincamine Vincamine: A major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders.	1.97	1	0	alkaloid ester; hemiaminal; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; vinca alkaloid	antihypertensive agent; metabolite; vasodilator agent
metylperon metylperon: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.46	2	0	aromatic ketone
metaxalone [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether
spectinomycin Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.	3.58	2	0	cyclic acetal; cyclic hemiketal; cyclic ketone; pyranobenzodioxin; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
laudanosine laudanosine: opium alkaloid	1.99	1	0	isoquinolines
azacyclonol azacyclonol: major descriptor (65-84); on-line search PIPERIDINES (65-84); Index Medicus search AZACYCLONOL (65-84); RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
5-methyltryptamine 5-methyltryptamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	0	tryptamines
norfenfluramine Norfenfluramine: A FENFLURAMINE analog that inhibits serotonin uptake and may provoke release of serotonin. It is used as an appetite depressant and an experimental tool in animal studies.	2.02	1	0	amphetamines
s,n,n'-tripropylthiocarbamate Reward: An object or a situation that can serve to reinforce a response, to satisfy a motive, or to afford pleasure.. vernolate : A monounsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of vernolic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	3.84	11	0	tertiary amine
dronabinol Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.	5.49	12	0	benzochromene; diterpenoid; phytocannabinoid; polyketide	cannabinoid receptor agonist; epitope; hallucinogen; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic
amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.	12.71	28	2	aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
pimozide Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.	5.18	15	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound	antidyskinesia agent; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
benperidol Benperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)	2.39	2	0	aromatic ketone
flumethasone Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.	2.07	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone valerate Betamethasone Valerate: The 17-valerate derivative of BETAMETHASONE. It has substantial topical anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low systemic anti-inflammatory activity.. betamethasone valerate : A steroid ester that is betamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position has been converted to the corresponding pentanoate ester.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
guanoxan guanoxan: was MH 1976-92 (see under GUANIDINES 1976-90); use GUANIDINES to search GUANOXAN 1976-92; antihypertensive agent similar in its mechanism of action to guanethidine; may cause liver damage	2.75	3	0	benzodioxine
phenethyl isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.	2.46	2	0	isothiocyanate	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; metabolite
glaucine glaucine: RN given refers to (+-)-isomer	2.67	3	0	aporphine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyether; tertiary amino compound	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antitussive; muscle relaxant; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; rat metabolite
2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone: isolated from Swertia calycina; structure in first source. 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone : A naphthoquinone that is naphthalene-1,4-dione substituted by a methoxy group at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.	2.02	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones; enol ether	antimicrobial agent; metabolite; plant metabolite
methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate: A water-soluble ester of METHYLPREDNISOLONE used for cardiac, allergic, and hypoxic emergencies.	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone; hemisuccinate
dexbrompheniramine dexbrompheniramine : The (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.23	1	0	brompheniramine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
alpha-methyldopamine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	amphetamines
flupenthixol Flupenthixol: A thioxanthene neuroleptic that, unlike CHLORPROMAZINE, is claimed to have CNS-activating properties. It is used in the treatment of psychoses although not in excited or manic patients. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p595). flupenthixol : A thioxanthene derivative having a trifluoromethyl substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)propylidene group at the 10-position with undefined double bond stereochemistry.	3.4	7	0	thioxanthenes
sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.	2.47	2	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antimalarial
tetrapentylammonium tetrapentylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP iduronic acid, which donates iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones.. UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid : A UDP-sugar having alpha-D-glucuronic acid as the sugar component.	2.03	1	0	UDP-D-glucuronic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
acadesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide; aminoimidazole; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor
chlordesmethyldiazepam [no description available]	2.04	1	0	benzodiazepine
butoxamine [no description available]	1.96	1	0
stavudine Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	4.65	8	0	dihydrofuran; nucleoside analogue; organic molecular entity	antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.	2.96	4	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.	4.65	8	0	dichlorobenzene; penicillin	antibacterial drug
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.	2.41	2	0	fluorescein isothiocyanate
sabinene sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species.	2.1	1	0	thujene	plant metabolite
dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.	2.88	4	0	1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol	chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent
cyclacillin Cyclacillin: A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.	2.02	1	0	penicillin	antibacterial drug
iproclozide iproclozide: structure	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
megestrol Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.	3.23	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
cyclazocine Cyclazocine: An analgesic with mixed narcotic agonist-antagonist properties.	1.96	1	0
cyclic cmp Cyclic CMP: A cyclic nucleotide formed from CYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE by the action of cytidylate cyclase. It is a potential cyclic nucleotide intracellular mediator of signal transductions.. 3',5'-cyclic CMP : A 3',5'-cyclic pyrimidine nucleotide having cytosine as the nucleobase.	2.03	1	0	3',5'-cyclic pyrimidine nucleotide	human metabolite
tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	3.26	6	0	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
streptomycin [no description available]	3.86	3	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
dideoxyadenosine Dideoxyadenosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.	1.99	1	0	adenosines; purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
cladribine [no description available]	4.41	6	0	organochlorine compound; purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent
beclomethasone [no description available]	2.44	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug
carbenicillin Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.	3.85	3	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
st 91 ST 91: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	8.36	7	0	substituted aniline
carbenicillin disodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt
dehydroemetine dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; isoquinolines; pyridoisoquinoline	antileishmanial agent; antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug
estradiol enanthate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
metanephrine Metanephrine: Product of epinephrine O-methylation. It is a commonly occurring, pharmacologically and physiologically inactive metabolite of epinephrine.	2	1	0	catecholamine
benorilate benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin	2.05	1	0	carbonyl compound
trimetazidine Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
dexpropranolol [no description available]	1.96	1	0	propranolol
buthionine sulfoximine Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl.	2.05	1	0	diastereoisomeric mixture; homocysteines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide	EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer
5,6-dihydroxytryptamine 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine: Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 6. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacologic research.	2	1	0
canadine, (s)-isomer (S)-canadine : The (S)-enantiomer of canadine.	2	1	0	an (S)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydroprotoberberine; canadine	plant metabolite
metocurine metocurine: from Chinese herb Cyclea hainanensis Mrr	2.47	2	0	isoquinolines
floxacillin Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.	3.3	6	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
clomacran clomacran: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.23	1	0	acridines
u 0521 U 0521: catechol methyltransferase antagonist; structure	1.96	1	0	acetophenones
beclomethasone dipropionate beclomethasone dipropionate : A steroid ester comprising beclomethasone having propionyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.	2.04	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; enone; glucocorticoid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
vidarabine adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.	2.05	1	0	beta-D-arabinoside; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
iprindole Iprindole: A tricyclic antidepressant that has actions and uses similar to those of AMITRIPTYLINE, but has only weak antimuscarinic and sedative effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p257)	2.88	4	0	indoles
betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	antipsoriatic
pinacidil [no description available]	1.97	1	0
benzetimide [no description available]	2.37	2	0	piperidines
acetylpyruvic acid acetylpyruvic acid: structure. acetylpyruvic acid : A dioxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid carrying two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4.	1.96	1	0	beta-diketone; dioxo monocarboxylic acid	bacterial metabolite
methenamine hippurate methenamine hippurate: both parts of molecule contribute to its antibacterial action	3.23	1	0	N-acylglycine
levomethadone levomethadone : A 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one that has (R)-configuration. It is the active enantiomer of methadone and its hydrochloride salt is used to treat adults who are addicted to drugs such as heroin and morphine.	2.03	1	0	6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one	antitussive; mu-opioid receptor agonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic
isometheptene isometheptene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5040	2	1	0	secondary amino compound
olsalazine olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.	4.66	8	0	azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
chlorphenamidine Chlorphenamidine: An acaricide used against many organophosphate and carbamate resistant pests. It acts as an uncoupling agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor.	2.37	2	0
n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.	3.95	13	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound	neurotransmitter agent
xylamidine xylamidine: structure	2.03	1	0
discretamine discretamine: structure	2.02	1	0	alkaloid
tiadenol tiadenol: structure	2.05	1	0	aliphatic sulfide
terodiline [no description available]	2.97	4	0	diarylmethane
trimethaphan Trimethaphan: A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocker in hypertension, as an adjunct to anesthesia, and to induce hypotension during surgery.. trimethaphan : A complex heterocyclic sulfonium compound with an imidazolium core, used to treat hypertension.	4.82	6	0	sulfonium compound	anaesthesia adjuvant; antihypertensive agent; nicotinic antagonist; vasodilator agent
1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene 1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
phenylethylmalonamide Phenylethylmalonamide: A metabolite of primidone.	2.03	1	0	amine
hepes [no description available]	2.38	2	0	HEPES; organosulfonic acid
etidronate disodium etidronate disodium : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of two protons from etidronic acid (one from from each of the phosphonic acid groups) by sodium ions.	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator
lanthanum [no description available]	2.39	2	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom; scandium group element atom
manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.	2.89	4	0	elemental manganese; manganese group element atom	Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient
mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.	1.99	1	0	elemental mercury; zinc group element atom	neurotoxin
molybdenum Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase.	1.99	1	0	chromium group element atom	micronutrient
palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.	3.84	2	1	metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.	7.21	1	0	copper group element atom; elemental silver	Escherichia coli metabolite
technetium Technetium: The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, and atomic number 43. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.	2.88	4	0	manganese group element atom
cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.	2.9	4	0	cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom
gadolinium Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.	1.98	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	2.17	1	0	copper group element atom; elemental gold
aluminum chloride Aluminum Chloride: A compound with the chemical formula AlCl3; the anhydrous salt is used as a catalyst in organic chemical synthesis, and hydrated salts are used topically as antiperspirants, and for the management of HYPERHYDROSIS.	1.97	1	0	aluminium coordination entity	Lewis acid
zalcitabine Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.	3.29	6	0	pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
magnesium sulfate Magnesium Sulfate: A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083). magnesium sulfate : A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion.	2.43	2	0	magnesium salt; metal sulfate; organic magnesium salt	anaesthetic; analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; fertilizer; tocolytic agent
galactosamine 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine.	2	1	0	D-galactosamine; primary amino compound	toxin
metocurine iodide [no description available]	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether
cesium chloride cesium chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. caesium chloride : The inorganic chloride salt of caesium; each caesium ion is coordinated by eight chlorine ions.	2.39	2	0	inorganic caesium salt; inorganic chloride	phase-transfer catalyst; vasoconstrictor agent
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	3.15	5	0	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
nickel chloride nickel chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Ni-Cl2. nickel dichloride : A compound of nickel and chloride in which the ratio of nickel (in the +2 oxidation state) to chloride is 1:2.	2.01	1	0	nickel coordination entity	calcium channel blocker; hapten
barium sulfate Barium Sulfate: A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.. barium sulfate : A metal sulfate with formula BaO4S. Virtually insoluble in water at room temperature, it is mostly used as a component in oil well drilling fluid it occurs naturally as the mineral barite.	2.03	1	0	barium salt; inorganic barium salt; metal sulfate	radioopaque medium
lead chloride lead chloride: RN in 9th CI Form Index for cotunnite: 14639-87-3; RN given refers to cpd with MF of Pb-Cl2. lead(II) chloride : An inorganic chloride consisting of two chlorine atoms covalently bound to a central lead atom.	2.03	1	0	inorganic chloride; lead coordination entity
copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.	2.39	2	0	metal sulfate	emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser
metoprine metoprine: histamine methyltransferase antagonist	1.96	1	0
sodium thiosulfate sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.	3.23	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	antidote to cyanide poisoning; antifungal drug; nephroprotective agent
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	2.38	2	0	dihydrogen
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	1.97	1	0	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	1.98	1	0	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
deuterium oxide Deuterium Oxide: The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes.	1.98	1	0	deuterated compound; water	NMR solvent
galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.	2	1	0
vasotocin Vasotocin: A nonapeptide that contains the ring of OXYTOCIN and the side chain of ARG-VASOPRESSIN with the latter determining the specific recognition of hormone receptors. Vasotocin is the non-mammalian vasopressin-like hormone or antidiuretic hormone regulating water and salt metabolism.. vasotocin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is homologous to oxytocin and vasopressin. It is a pituitary hormone that acts as an endocrine regulator for water balance, osmotic homoeostasis and is involved in social and sexual behavior in non-mammalian vertebrates.	1.97	1	0
cadmium chloride Cadmium Chloride: A cadmium halide in the form of colorless crystals, soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It is used in photography, in dyeing, and calico printing, and as a solution to precipitate sulfides. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). cadmium dichloride : A cadmium coordination entity in which cadmium(2+) and Cl(-) ions are present in the ratio 2:1. Although considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding.	2.44	2	0	cadmium coordination entity
barium chloride barium chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. barium chloride : The inorganic dichloride salt of barium.	3.49	8	0	barium salt; inorganic chloride	potassium channel blocker
trolamine salicylate Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.	2.38	2	0
stanozolol Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anabolic agent; androgen
clodronic acid Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.	2.45	2	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); one-carbon compound; organochlorine compound	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent
coformycin [no description available]	1.96	1	0	coformycins	EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion.	3.03	1	0	ammonium salt; inorganic chloride	ferroptosis inhibitor
mafenide acetate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	carboxylic acid
reproterol reproterol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.05	1	0	oxopurine
(1S,2R)-tranylcypromine (1S,2R)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1S,2R)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	2.07	1	0	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
apazone Apazone: An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.. apazone : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.	2.04	1	0	benzotriazines	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; uricosuric drug
diacerein diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;	2.08	1	0	anthraquinone
metopimazine metopimazine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.03	1	0	phenothiazines
4-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester 4-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.41	2	0
parbendazole parbendazole: anthelmintic used against a variety of gastrointestinal parasites; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZIMIDAZOLES; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	benzimidazoles; carbamate ester
xipamide Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.	2.05	1	0	benzamides
etorphine Etorphine: A narcotic analgesic morphinan used as a sedative in veterinary practice.	1.97	1	0
selegiline Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.	4.83	10	0	selegiline; terminal acetylenic compound	geroprotector
selegiline hydrochloride, (r)-isomer [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride; terminal acetylenic compound	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.	2.74	3	0	6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole	antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator
clemastine Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.	3.83	3	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpyrrolidine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
thiamphenicol [no description available]	2.47	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent; immunosuppressive agent
pancuronium bromide pancuronium bromide : A bromide salt consisting of two bromide ions and one pancuronium dication.	2.08	1	0	bromide salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
pizotyline Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.	3.23	6	0	benzocycloheptathiophene	histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cephalexin Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.	4.93	11	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.	2.67	3	0	organic sodium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen
isosorbide-5-mononitrate isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug	11.29	11	1	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
eedq EEDQ: peptide coupling reagent	3.23	6	0
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	5.2	49	0	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
ornidazole Ornidazole: A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.. ornidazole : A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.	2.08	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; organochlorine compound; secondary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antiprotozoal drug; antitrichomonal drug; epitope
edifenphos edifenphos: structure. edifenphos : An organic thiophosphate that is the O-ethyl-S,S-diphenyl ester of phosphorodithioic acid. Used to control a variety of fungal diseases on rice including blast, ear blight and stem rot. Edifenphos is moderately toxic to mammals and fish but poses more of a risk to aquatic invertebrates.	2.06	1	0	organic thiophosphate	antifungal agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; neurotoxin; phospholipid biosynthesis inhibitor
danazol Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.	4.54	7	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	anti-estrogen; estrogen antagonist; geroprotector
oxdralazine oxdralazine: RN & N1 given for parent; oxdralazine, L-6150, & DL 150 IT are for di-HCl; hydrazinopyridazine is used as shortened name for this cpd; named as 3-hydrazino- or 6-hydrazino- depending on which numbering system used; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #862	1.96	1	0
metergoline Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.	4.19	17	0	carbamate ester; ergoline alkaloid	dopamine agonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
fenclozic acid fenclozic acid: an analgesic & antipyretic with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZOLES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	3.6	2	0
lisuride Lisuride: An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).	2.67	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; serotonergic agonist
laxagetten 4,4'-diacetoxydiphenylpyridylemethane [no description available]	3.23	1	0
1-deoxynojirimycin 1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source. duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration.	1.97	1	0	2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol; piperidine alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
n-n-propylnorapomorphine N-n-propylnorapomorphine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.37	2	0
iodine [no description available]	2.66	3	0	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.	4.9	11	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
capobenic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	benzamides
lofexidine lofexidine: reduces narcotic withdrawal symptoms; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6247	3.07	5	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; dichlorobenzene; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent
cephapirin Cephapirin: Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.. cephapirin : A cephalosporin with acetoxymethyl and 2(pyridin-4-ylsulfanyl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used (as its sodium salt) as an antibiotic, being effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.43	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
diftalone [no description available]	2.07	1	0
fludarabine phosphate fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.	3.61	2	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
demethylchlordimeform demethylchlordimeform: RN given refers to parent cpd.	2.37	2	0
dexetimide Dexetimide: A muscarinic antagonist that has been used to treat neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism. Benzetimide is the (-)-enantimorph of dexetimide.	1.97	1	0	piperidines
alclofenac alclofenac: was heading 1975-94 (was see under PHENYLACETATES 1975-90); use PHENYLACETATES to search ALCLOFENAC 1975-94; an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; acts also as an analgesic and an antipyretic. alclofenac : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
5-(2-cyclohexylidene-ethyl)-5-ethylbarbiturate 5-(2-cyclohexylidene-ethyl)-5-ethylbarbiturate: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
carbimazole Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	2.47	2	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones; carbamate ester	antithyroid drug; prodrug
bromocriptine Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.	4.61	8	0	indole alkaloid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; hormone antagonist
ergocristine ergocristine: an ergot alkaloid; one of the three components of ergotoxine; has alpha blocking action, stimulates smooth muscles & antagonizes serotonin; used as oxytocic & in peripheral disorders; minor descriptor (77-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search EROLINES (77-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocristine : Ergotaman bearing benzyl, hydroxy, and isopropyl groups at the 5', 12' and 2' positions, respectively, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.	2.04	1	0	ergot alkaloid
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	2.4	2	0	benzenes; phenyl acetates
n-phenylethanolamine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	aralkylamine
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat.	3.46	1	1	chloride salt; organic chloride salt	antiseptic drug; surfactant
triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.	2.46	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin [no description available]	3.59	2	0	indoles
tetrachloroethylene Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.	2.05	1	0	chlorocarbon; chloroethenes	nephrotoxic agent
dimethylacetamide hallucinogen : Drugs capable of inducing illusions, hallucinations, delusions, paranoid ideations and other alterations of mood and thinking.. N,N-dimethylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which the hydrogens attached to the N atom have been replaced by two methyl groups respectively. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.	1.98	1	0	acetamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	human metabolite
fludrocortisone Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.	3.23	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	4.07	4	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pregnanolone Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.	2.04	1	0	3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid	human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
metipranolol Metipranolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist effective for both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It is used as an antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, and antiglaucoma agent.. metipranolol : 3-(Propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by a 4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenoxy group. A non-cardioselective beta-blocker, it is used to lower intra-ocular pressure in the management of open-angle glaucoma.	2.66	3	0	acetate ester; aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
proquazone proquazone: nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent; structure	3.41	1	0	pyrimidines
benzonidazole benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.	2.08	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antiprotozoal drug
halazepam halazepam: structure	2.02	1	0	organic molecular entity
butachlor butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amide; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0
du-21220 Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.	3.11	5	0	benzyl alcohols; polyphenol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
dihydro-beta-erythroidine Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine: Dihydro analog of beta-erythroidine, which is isolated from the seeds and other plant parts of Erythrina sp. Leguminosae. It is an alkaloid with curarimimetic properties.. dihydro-beta-erythroidine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound resulting from the partial hydrogenation of the 1,3-diene moiety of beta-erythroidine to give the corresponding 2-ene.	2.05	1	0	delta-lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	nicotinic antagonist
8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate: A long-acting derivative of cyclic AMP. It is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.. 8-Br-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the adenine ring. An activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.	3.59	9	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; organobromine compound	antidepressant; protein kinase agonist
carticaine Carticaine: A thiophene-containing local anesthetic pharmacologically similar to MEPIVACAINE.	2.4	2	0	thiophenecarboxylic acid
rose bengal b disodium salt [no description available]	2.47	2	0
normeperidine normeperidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2	1	0
clobetasol propionate Clobetasol Propionate: This is the form in trademark preparations.. clobetasol propionate : The 17-O-propionate ester of clobetasol. A potent corticosteroid, it is used to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	2.05	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid	anti-inflammatory drug
jingsongling jingsongling: structure given in first source	6.97	1	0
talsupram talsupram: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.69	3	0
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	5.56	27	0	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
dexchlorpheniramine dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer	3.23	1	0	chlorphenamine
ribostamycin Ribostamycin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial isolated from Streptomyces ribosifidicus.. ribostamycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is 4,6-diaminocyclohexane-1,2,3-triol having a 2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 1 and a beta-D-ribosyl residue attached at position 2. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ribosidificus (formerly S. thermoflavus).	2.04	1	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; metabolite
adenylyl imidodiphosphate Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate: 5'-Adenylic acid, monoanhydride with imidodiphosphoric acid. An analog of ATP, in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta to the gamma phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It is a potent competitive inhibitor of soluble and membrane-bound mitochondrial ATPase and also inhibits ATP-dependent reactions of oxidative phosphorylation.	1.97	1	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate
clometacin clometacin: structure	3.23	1	0	N-acylindole
cefazolin Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	4.65	8	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; tetrazoles; thiadiazoles	antibacterial drug
bis(4-methyl-1-homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide: An inhibitor of the last step of noradrenaline biosynthesis.	3.22	6	0
azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.	6.95	70	1	pseudohalide anion	mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
adenosine diphosphate ribose Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose: An ester formed between the aldehydic carbon of RIBOSE and the terminal phosphate of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE. It is produced by the hydrolysis of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by a variety of enzymes, some of which transfer an ADP-ribosyl group to target proteins.	2.89	4	0	ADP-sugar	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	5.09	13	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.	14.77	48	4	timolol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.	11.03	52	4	tryptamines
penfluridol Penfluridol: One of the long-acting ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS used for maintenance or long-term therapy of SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
carfecillin Carfecillin: The phenyl ester of CARBENICILLIN that, upon oral administration, is broken down in the intestinal mucosa to the active antibacterial. It is used for urinary tract infections.	2.05	1	0	penicillin
nicergoline Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.	8.23	6	0	organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
oxcarbazepine Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.	3.87	3	0	cyclic ketone; dibenzoazepine	anticonvulsant; drug allergen
carbidopa carbidopa (anhydrous) : 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	3.88	3	0	catechols; hydrazines; monocarboxylic acid	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
toloxatone toloxatone: oxazolidinone derivative; psychotropic drug; structure. toloxatone : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-toloxatone. It is a reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor and antidepressant.. 5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one substituted by a 3-methylphenyl group at position 3.	2.45	2	0	oxazolidinone; primary alcohol; toluenes
moricizine Moricizine: An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.. moricizine : A phenothiazine substituted on the nitrogen by a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propanoyl group, and at position 2 by an (ethoxycarbonyl)amino group.	3.82	3	0	carbamate ester; morpholines; phenothiazines	anti-arrhythmia drug
2-aminotetralin 2-aminotetralin: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	6.96	1	0	tetralins
be 2254 BE 2254: produces blockade of central receptors for norepinephrine; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	4.41	22	0	tetralins
amineptin amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.	3.59	2	0	amino acid; carbocyclic fatty acid; carbotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor
bitolterol bitolterol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bitolterol : The di-4-toluate ester of (+-)-N-tert-butylnoradrenaline (colterol). A pro-drug for colterol, a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist, bitolterol is used as its methanesulfonate salt for relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.	2.02	1	0	carboxylic ester; diester; ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; prodrug
zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.	5.9	18	0	azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
feprazone Feprazone: A pyrazole that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It has been used in mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p15)	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
5,7-dihydroxytryptamine 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine: Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 7. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacology as a tool.	3.09	5	0
pirprofen pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure	3.59	2	0	pyrroline
medifoxamine medifoxamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2	1	0	aromatic ether
sisomicin Sisomicin: Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin C1A, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (GENTAMICINS).	2.45	2	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic; beta-L-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative
amdinocillin Amdinocillin: An amidinopenicillanic acid derivative with broad spectrum antibacterial action.. mecillinam : A penicillin in which the 6beta substituent is [(azepan-1-yl)methylidene]amino; an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria.	2.04	1	0	penicillin	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	3.14	5	0	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	6.79	18	1	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
amitraz amitraz: ixodicide (tick control); structure. amitraz : A tertiary amino compound that is 1,3,5-triazapenta-1,4-diene substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and 2,4-dimethylphenyl groups at positions 1 and 5.	8.6	9	0	formamidines; tertiary amino compound	acaricide; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
u 40481 U 40481: RN given refers to parent cpd. N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamidine : A member of the class of formamidines that is N-methylimidoformamide in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom has been replaced by a 2,4-dimethylphenyl group. It is a metabolite of the insecticide amitraz.	2.39	2	0	benzenes; formamidines	marine xenobiotic metabolite
etoposide [no description available]	6.01	20	0	beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
substance p [no description available]	9.38	21	0	peptide	neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	9.16	33	2	catecholamine; secondary amine	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
tertatolol tertatolol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	5.02	5	2	thiochromane
ticarcillin Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.	2.45	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
5,6-dihydroxy-2-dimethylaminotetralin 5,6-dihydroxy-2-dimethylaminotetralin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.21	6	0	tetralins
trimazosin trimazosin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	9.15	14	5	N-arylpiperazine
n,n'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-n,n'-diacetic acid [no description available]	2.06	1	0
halofantrine halofantrine: used in treatment of mild to moderate acute malaria	2.44	2	0	phenanthrenes
propylbenzilylcholine mustard Propylbenzilylcholine Mustard: An analog of benzilylcholine mustard. It is an alkylating nitrogen mustard analog that binds specifically and irreversibly to cholinergic muscarinic receptors and is used as an affinity label to isolate and study the receptors.	2.37	2	0
butaclamol (+)-butaclamol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is 2,3,4,4a,8,9,13b,14-octahydro-1H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2,3-de]pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline substituted at position 3 by both hydroxy and tert-butyl groups.	3.12	5	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound
butaclamol [no description available]	3.54	8	0	amino alcohol; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist
penbutolol Penbutolol: A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.	4.34	6	0	ethanolamines
etidocaine Etidocaine: A local anesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to BUPIVACAINE.. etidocaine : An amino acid amide in which 2-[ethyl(propyl)amino]butanoic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. Used as a local anaesthetic (amide caine), it has rapid onset and long action properties, similar to bupivacaine, and is given by injection during surgical procedures and during labour and delivery.	3.78	3	0	amino acid amide	local anaesthetic
ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename	4.77	9	0	1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
adinazolam adinazolam: structure in first source. adinazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a dimethylaminomethyl group at the 1-position, a phenyl group at the 6-position and a chloro substituent at the 8-position.	2.74	3	0	triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; sedative
amikacin Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.	4.26	5	0	alpha-D-glucoside; amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside; carboxamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; nephrotoxin
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.	4.12	16	0	butyrate ester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
tolamolol [no description available]	7.39	2	0
zinterol [no description available]	2.41	2	0
cephradine Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.	4.08	4	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
hydroxymaprotilin hydroxymaprotilin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	3.23	6	0
ticrynafen Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.	3.8	3	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antihypertensive agent; hepatotoxic agent; loop diuretic
guanadrel guanadrel: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. guanadrel : A spiroketal resulting from the formal condensation of the keto group of cyclohexanone with the hydroxy groups of 1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)guanidine. A postganglionic adrenergic blocking agent formerly used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the management of hypertension, it has been largely superseded by other drugs less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension (dizzy spells on standing up or stretching).	3.78	2	1	guanidines; spiroketal	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent
methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	13.58	94	17	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent
tocainide Tocainide: An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of SODIUM CHANNELS.. tocainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide in which 2,6-dimethylphenylaniline and isobutyric acid have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	3.29	6	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	anti-arrhythmia drug; local anaesthetic; sodium channel blocker
sulbenicillin Sulbenicillin: Semisynthetic penicillin-type antibiotic.. sulbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-[phenyl(sulfo)acetamido] side-chain.	2.45	2	0	penicillin
bezafibrate [no description available]	2.47	2	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	7.36	26	5
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	15.12	73	4	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
levobunolol Levobunolol: The L-Isomer of bunolol.. levobunolol : A cyclic ketone that is 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-one substituted at position 5 by a 3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy group (the S-enantiomer). A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of glaucoma.	2.02	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclic ketone; propanolamine	antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.75	3	0	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
nonachlazine Nonachlazine: Coronary vasodilator with a novel mechanism of action; proposed as antianginal agent.	4.86	2	1
n-acetyl-4-benzoquinoneimine N-acetyl-4-benzoquinoneimine: reactive arylating intermediate from acetaminophen & N-hydroxyacetaminophen; structure given in first source	2.02	1	0	ketoimine; quinone imine
vecuronium bromide Vecuronium Bromide: Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.. vecuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidinino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.	2.97	4	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent; nicotinic antagonist
vecuronium vecuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.	3.23	1	0	acetate ester; androstane; quaternary ammonium ion	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent; nicotinic antagonist
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.	5.42	60	0	alpha-amino acid ester; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; N-nitro compound	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
dexibuprofen dexibuprofen: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	ibuprofen	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
benoxaprofen benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.	3.87	3	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antipsoriatic; antipyretic; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; nephrotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; protein kinase C agonist
tiamenidine [no description available]	3.97	4	0	organochlorine compound
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	2.44	2	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
exifone [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzophenones
quisqualic acid Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.	1.98	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
pirfenidone pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.	2.05	1	0	pyridone	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mefloquine (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine : An optically active form of [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol having (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-configuration. An antimalarial agent, used in racemic form, which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.	3.23	1	0	[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol	antimalarial
desogestrel Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
meptazinol Meptazinol: A narcotic antagonist with analgesic properties. It is used for the control of moderate to severe pain.	2.92	4	0	azepanes
muzolimine Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene
nitazoxanide nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug	3.61	2	0	benzamides; carboxylic ester
sufentanil Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	4.37	6	0	anilide; ether; piperidines; thiophenes	anaesthesia adjuvant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
acarbose [no description available]	3.61	2	0	tetrasaccharide derivative	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
torsemide Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.	6.83	11	1	aminopyridine; N-sulfonylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; loop diuretic
medroxalol medroxalol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	3.99	4	0	salicylamides
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	4.24	5	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
cefmetazole Cefmetazole: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmetazole : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having N(1)-methyltetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl, {[(cyanomethyl)sulfanyl]acetyl}amino and methoxy side-groups at positions 3, 7beta and 7alpha respectively of the parent cephem bicyclic structure.	2.43	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
desflurane Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.	2.44	2	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
prenalterol Prenalterol: A partial adrenergic agonist with functional beta 1-receptor specificity and inotropic effect. It is effective in the treatment of acute CARDIAC FAILURE, postmyocardial infarction low-output syndrome, SHOCK, and reducing ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION in the SHY-RAGER SYNDROME.	11.06	9	1	aromatic ether
metalaxyl metalaxyl: RN given refers to (DL-Ala)-isomer. metalaxyl : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-metalaxyl. A systemic fungicide, it is active against phytopathogens of the order Peronosporales and is used to conrtrol Pythium in a number of vegetable crops.. methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate : An alanine derivative that is methyl alaninate in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a methoxyacetyl group, while the other is substituted by a 2,6-dimethylphenyl group.	1.97	1	0	alanine derivative; aromatic amide; carboxamide; ether; methyl ester
enkephalin, methionine Enkephalin, Methionine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from LEU-ENKEPHALIN by the amino acid METHIONINE in position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.	2.68	3	0
lorcainide [no description available]	3.29	6	0	acetamides
idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.	4.37	6	0	anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative
dihydroalprenolol Dihydroalprenolol: Hydrogenated alprenolol derivative where the extra hydrogens are often tritiated. This radiolabeled form of ALPRENOLOL, a beta-adrenergic blocker, is used to label the beta-adrenergic receptor for isolation and study.	8.48	111	1
propiconazole Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.	1.98	1	0	conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
st 1059 ST 1059: metabolite of midodrine (ST-1085); RN given refers to parent cpd. deglymidodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. The immediate and active metabolite of midrodine, it is a direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity. Midrodine is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for deglymidodrine, which acts as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states.	1.99	1	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound; secondary alcohol	alpha-adrenergic agonist; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
ceforanide ceforanide: RN given refers to (6R-(trans))-isomer. ceforanide : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with {[1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and 2-(aminomethyl)phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is effective against many coliforms, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus, and most strains of Salmonella, Shigella, Hemophilus, Citrobacter and Arizona species.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
cefonicid Cefonicid: A second-generation cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It is used for urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and soft tissue and bone infections.. cefonicid : A cephalosporin bearing {[1-(sulfomethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.02	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
piperacillin Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	4.4	6	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
paroxetine Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.	4.83	10	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; organofluorine compound; piperidines	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	14.38	161	27	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
bopindolol bopindolol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. bopindolol : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bopindolol and (S)-bopindolol. It is a non-selective antagonist of beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptors and a prodrug in which the ester group is hydrolysed to form the corresponding hydroxy derivative.. 1-(tert-butylamino)-3-[(2-methyl-1H-indol-4-yl)oxy]propan-2-yl benzoate : A methylindole that is 2-methyl-1H-indol-4-ol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(benzoyloxy)-3-(tert-butylamino)propyl group.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; benzoate ester; methylindole; secondary amino compound
cefoperazone Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.	4.25	5	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
staurosporine [no description available]	2.75	3	0	indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound	apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector
foscarnet sodium trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	2.47	2	0	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antiviral drug
lodoxamide [no description available]	2.02	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
brofaromine brofaromine: short-acting specific type A monoamine oxidase inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1	0
Arbaclofen [no description available]	1.96	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
indalpine indalpine: selective 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	indoles
ethylcholine aziridinium ethylcholine aziridinium: causes passive avoidance deficits	1.97	1	0
6-amino-1,2-benzopyrone 6-amino-1,2-benzopyrone: selective inhibitor of adenosine diphosphoribosyl transferase; RN given refers to the parent compound	2.06	1	0
atracurium Atracurium: A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.. atracurium : A diester compound consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxyls bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups.	3.84	3	0	diester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
atracurium besylate atracurium besylate : The bisbenzenesulfonate salt of atracurium.	2.08	1	0	organosulfonate salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
butoconazole butoconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. butoconazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]butyl group. An antifungal agent, it is used as its nitrate salt in gynaecology for treatment of vulvovaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans.	2.02	1	0	aryl sulfide; conazole antifungal drug; dichlorobenzene; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
moxalactam Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.	2.74	3	0	cephalosporin; oxacephem	antibacterial drug
lidamidine lidamidine: synonym WHR-1142A refers to HCl; structure	2.07	1	0	ureas
nicorandil Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.	2.91	4	0	nitrate ester; pyridinecarboxamide	potassium channel opener; vasodilator agent
endralazine BQ 22-708: RN given refers to parent cpd	4.85	4	2	benzamides
naftifine naftifine: allylamine der; RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. naftifine : A tertiary amine in which the nitrogen is substituted by methyl, alpha-naphthylmethyl, and (1E)-cinnamyl groups. It is used (usually as its hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of fungal skin infections.	2.02	1	0	allylamine antifungal drug; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
pergolide Pergolide: A long-acting dopamine agonist which has been used to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and HYPERPROLACTINEMIA but withdrawn from some markets due to potential for HEART VALVE DISEASES.. pergolide : A diamine that is ergoline in which the beta-hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a (methylthio)methyl group and the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is replaced by a propyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used as the mesylate salt in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.	4.03	4	0	diamine; methyl sulfide; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
pergolide mesylate pergolide mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained from pergolide by mixing eqimolar amount of pergolide and methanesulfonic acid. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.	2.08	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; geroprotector
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	7.2	66	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist
bicifadine bicifadine: a nonopioid analgesic that modulates the monoaminergic pathways involved in pain	2.06	1	0
cefadroxil anhydrous Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	4.86	10	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
encainide Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.	3.28	6	0	benzamides; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
talniflumate talniflumate: an anti-inflammatory molecule for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma	2.48	2	0	benzofurans
fenoldopam mesylate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	benzazepine
tiotidine tiotidine: UD gives slightly different structure for this cpd; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.48	2	0	thiazoles
nedocromil Nedocromil: A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including EOSINOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; MONOCYTES; AND PLATELETS.	2.44	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fialuridine [no description available]	3.23	1	0
cefaclor anhydrous Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	4.25	5	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
bucindolol bucindolol: an indolyl-tert-butyl-phenoxypropanolamine benzonitrile derivative	2.67	3	0
pefloxacin Pefloxacin: A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.. pefloxacin : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 by ethyl, carboxy, fluorine, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.	3.44	7	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
pirazolac [no description available]	2.03	1	0
alfentanil Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.	5.14	8	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	central nervous system depressant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
fomesafen fomesafen: a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide. fomesafen : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide that is N-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide in which the phenyl ring is substituted by a nitro group at position 2 and a 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it was specially developed for use (generally as the corresponding sodium salt, fomesafen-sodium) for post-emergence control of broad-leaf weeds in soya.	8.55	74	6	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; organofluorine compound; phenols	agrochemical; EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide
miglustat miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.	3.59	2	0	piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
haloperidol decanoate [no description available]	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
dazoxiben dazoxiben: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.67	3	0
cefotetan Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.	4.41	6	0
recainam recainam: structure given in first source	2.96	4	0
lovastatin Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).	5.51	12	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	anticholesteremic drug; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; prodrug
flupirtine flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	3.28	6	0	aminopyridine
tolrestat tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source	3.6	2	0	naphthalenes	EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
rimcazole rimcazole: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	carbazoles
enoximone Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.	4.51	7	0	aromatic ketone
stepronin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
ethyl 2-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)pentyl)oxiran-2-carboxylate [no description available]	1.97	1	0
piritrexim piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
levocabastine levocabastine: for the temporary relief of the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis	2.02	1	0	piperidines
simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.	5.16	14	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic)	EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug
idazoxan Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.	10.99	246	1	benzodioxine; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
fengabine [no description available]	1.97	1	0
remoxipride Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.	3.43	7	0	dimethoxybenzene
quinpirole Quinpirole: A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.. quinpirole : A pyrazoloquinoline that is (4aR,8aR)-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-g]quinoline substituted by a propyl group at position 5. It acts as a dopamine agonist.	4.24	18	0	pyrazoloquinoline	dopamine agonist
balsalazide balsalazide: a mesalamine 5-aminosalicylate prodrug; 99% of ingested drug remains intact through the stomach and is delivered to and activated in the colon; used for inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis and radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis but avoided in patients with known hypersensitivity reaction to salicylates or mesalamine; structure in first source. balsalazide : A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) linked to 4-aminobenzoyl-beta-alanine via an azo bond.	3.23	1	0
pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.	10.16	14	0	3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic)	anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic
cabergoline Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.	3.85	3	0	N-acylurea	antineoplastic agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
bambuterol bambuterol: selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase & acetylcholinesterase. bambuterol : A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester; phenylethanolamines	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
atomoxetine hydrochloride Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.	3.59	8	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
atomoxetine atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.	4.54	7	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound; toluenes	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
quinapril Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	4.39	6	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
alpidem [no description available]	3.6	2	0	imidazoles
cicletanine [no description available]	7.37	2	0	organochlorine compound
eproxindine eproxindine: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
gepirone gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.68	3	0	N-arylpiperazine
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	4.64	8	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
piroximone piroximone: structure in first source	3.52	2	0
5-propynylarabinofuranosyluracil 5-propynylarabinofuranosyluracil: potent inhibitor of VZV	2.46	2	0
itraconazole Itraconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.. itraconazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; N-arylpiperazine; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
quinpirole hydrochloride [no description available]	2.01	1	0
dopexamine dopexamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.42	2	0	catecholamine
spiradoline spiradoline: RN given refers to (5alpha,7alpha,8beta)-(+-)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.42	2	0
trospectomycin trospectomycin: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; RN refers to 2R-(2alpha,4abeta,5abeta,6beta,7beta,8beta,9beta,9alpha,9aalpha,10abeta)-(9CI)-isomer	2.04	1	0	dioxanes
(S)-nomifensine (S)-nomifensine : The S enantiomer of nomifensine.	2.03	1	0	nomifensine
detomidine detomidine: structure given in first source	2.37	2	0
lonapalene RS 43179: used in treatment of psoriasis	2.07	1	0	naphthalenes; organochlorine compound
cilazapril, anhydrous Cilazapril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors) used for hypertension. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat.. cilazapril : A pyridazinodiazepine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cilazaprilat with ethanol. It is a drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	4.05	3	1	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; pyridazinodiazepine	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
fosphenytoin fosphenytoin: structure given in first & second source	3.56	2	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
salmeterol xinafoate Salmeterol Xinafoate: A selective ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR agonist that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR when administered by inhalation. It is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.	2.08	1	0	naphthoic acid
ranolazine Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.	4.08	4	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; secondary alcohol
ipsapirone [no description available]	3.24	6	0	N-arylpiperazine
fura-2 Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues.	3.94	13	0
eticlopride eticlopride: blocks dopamine-D2 binding sites; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (S)-isomer	2.03	1	0	salicylamides
flesinoxan [no description available]	7.89	4	0
finasteride Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.	13.22	55	11	3-oxo steroid; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	androgen antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
carmoxirole carmoxirole : An indolecarboxylic acid that is indole-5-carboxylic acid bearing an additional 4-(4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-1-yl)butyl substituent at position 3. Selective, peripherally acting dopamine D2 receptor agonist. Modulates noradrenalin release and sympathetic activation. Displays antihypertensive properties in vivo.	1.98	1	0	indolecarboxylic acid; tertiary amino compound; tetrahydropyridine	antihypertensive agent; dopamine agonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
imiquimod Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.	2.08	1	0	imidazoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; interferon inducer
naxagolide naxagolide: structure given in first source. naxagolide : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (4aR,10bR)-3,4,4a,5,6,10b-hexahydro-2H-naphtho[1,2-b][1,4]oxazine substituted by propyl and hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 9, respectively. It is a potent dopamine D2-receptor agonist and its hydrochloride salt was under clinical development by Merck & Co as a potential antiparkinsonian agent (now discontinued).	2.41	2	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; phenols; tertiary amino compound	anticonvulsant; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
sematilide sematilide: RN refers to HCl; structure given in first source	2.97	4	0
esmolol methyl 3-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]phenyl}propanoate : A methyl ester that is methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl group.. esmolol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-esmolol. A cardioselective and short-acting beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset but lacking intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilising properties, it is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, and for the control of hypertension and tachycardia during surgery. While the S enantiomer possesses all of the heart rate control, both enantiomers contribute to lowering blood pressure.	4.51	7	0	aromatic ether; ethanolamines; methyl ester; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
(2S)-2-[[oxo-(4-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl)methyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0	phenylalanine derivative
clinafloxacin clinafloxacin: structure given in first source; RN given is for monoHCl	2.74	3	0	quinolines
sertindole sertindole : A phenylindole that is 1H-indole which is substituted on the nitrogen by a p-chlorophenyl group, at position 5 by chlorine, and at position 3 by a piperidin-4-yl group, which is itself substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl group.	4.82	10	0	heteroarylpiperidine; imidazolidinone; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; phenylindole	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
adapalene Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE.. adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.	2.45	2	0	adamantanes; monocarboxylic acid; naphthoic acid	dermatologic drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
adefovir adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	4.54	7	0	6-aminopurines; ether; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent
loxiglumide loxiglumide: cholecystokinin receptor antagonist; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; structure in first source	2.45	2	0	organic molecular entity
aromasil [no description available]	3.61	2	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sergolexole sergolexole: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
sparfloxacin [no description available]	3.55	8	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone
zileuton [no description available]	4.26	5	0	1-benzothiophenes; ureas	anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
remacemide remacemide: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	stilbenoid
niguldipine [no description available]	3.09	5	0	diarylmethane
clopidogrel Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.	3.59	2	0	methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.	4.54	7	0	phosphonic acids; pyrimidone	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; photosensitizing agent
tiagabine Tiagabine: A nipecotic acid derivative that acts as a GABA uptake inhibitor and anticonvulsant agent. It is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY, for refractory PARTIAL SEIZURES.. tiagabine : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is (R)-nipecotic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 1,1-bis(3-methyl-2-thienyl)but-1-en-4-yl group. A GABA reuptake inhibitor, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of epilepsy.	4.41	6	0	beta-amino acid; piperidinemonocarboxylic acid; tertiary amino compound; thiophenes	anticonvulsant; GABA reuptake inhibitor
mibefradil Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.	3.64	9	0	tetralins	T-type calcium channel blocker
besipirdine besipirdine: structure given in first source; a non-receptor-dependent cholinomimetic agent with noradrenergic activity with potential use for treating Alzheimer's disease	2.06	1	0
topotecan Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.	4.76	9	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
tenidap tenidap: structure given in first source; RN refers to (Z)-isomer	2.46	2	0
bromfenac bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.	4.53	7	0	aromatic amino acid; benzophenones; organobromine compound; substituted aniline	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gemcitabine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride; organofluorine compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent
gemcitabine gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.	4.06	4	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
ibutilide ibutilide: RN & structure in first source; RN refers to the fumarate salt	4.4	6	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
enadoline enadoline: kappa-opioid receptor agonist; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; PD 129290 (CAM 570; CI 977) is the S,S(-)-enantiomer; PD 129289 (CAM 569) is the corresponding R,R(+)-enantiomer	2.39	2	0
aripiprazole Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.	4.57	7	0	aromatic ether; delta-lactam; dichlorobenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone	drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic agonist
monatepil monatepil: structure in first source; RN refers to 1:1 maleate salt (AJ 2615)	3.37	7	0	dibenzothiepine
remifentanil Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.	4.06	4	0	alpha-amino acid ester; anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidinecarboxylate ester	intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; sedative
atorvastatin calcium anhydrous [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic calcium salt
atorvastatin [no description available]	4.4	6	0	aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic)	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
befloxatone befloxatone: selectively inhibits monoamine oxidase A; structure in first source; RN given refers to (R)-isomer	2.06	1	0
lamivudine [no description available]	4.85	10	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; oxacycle; primary alcohol	allergen; anti-HBV agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
duloxetine hydrochloride Duloxetine Hydrochloride: A thiophene derivative and selective NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITOR for SEROTONIN and NORADRENALINE (SNRI). It is an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT and ANXIOLYTIC, and is also used for the treatment of pain in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS and FIBROMYALGIA.. (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride : A duloxetine hydrochloride in which the duloxetine moiety has S configuration.	4.26	6	0	duloxetine hydrochloride	antidepressant
duloxetine [no description available]	3.59	2	0	duloxetine
irinotecan [no description available]	4.86	10	0	carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
pobilukast pobilukast: a leukotriene receptor antagonist; an antiasthmatic agent; structure in first source; RN refers to (R-(R,S)-isomer	1.97	1	0
valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.	5.18	14	0	biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ibandronic acid Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	3.58	2	0
ziprasidone ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms.	4.76	9	0	1,2-benzisothiazole; indolones; organochlorine compound; piperazines	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
zanamivir Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.	2.96	4	0	guanidines	antiviral agent; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
zolmitriptan zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.	4.68	8	0	oxazolidinone; tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
3-iodobenzylguanidine 3-Iodobenzylguanidine: A guanidine analog with specific affinity for tissues of the sympathetic nervous system and related tumors. The radiolabeled forms are used as antineoplastic agents and radioactive imaging agents. (Merck Index, 12th ed) MIBG serves as a neuron-blocking agent which has a strong affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla and also inhibits ADP-ribosyltransferase.	2.25	1	0	organoiodine compound
adefovir dipivoxil bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	2.47	2	0	6-aminopurines; carbonate ester; ether; organic phosphonate	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent; prodrug
emtricitabine Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.	4.09	4	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidone	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tiodazosin tiodazosin: BL 5111A is for mono-HCl; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in third source	3.57	9	0	N-arylpiperazine
mifobate mifobate: has antiatherosclerotic properties	2.05	1	0	trialkyl phosphate
tasosartan tasosartan: angiotensin II antagonist; structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	biphenyls
tiludronic acid tiludronic acid: a bone resorption inhibitor; an antihypercalcemic agent; used in the tratment of Paget's disease; used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	organochlorine compound
relcovaptan relcovaptan: a nonpeptide vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0	proline derivative
tirofiban Tirofiban: Tyrosine analog and PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX antagonist that inhibits PLATELET AGGREGATION and is used in the treatment of ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. tirofiban : A member of the class of piperidines that is L-tyrosine in which a hydrogen attached to the amino group is replaced by a butylsulfonyl group and in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 4-(piperidin-4-yl)butyl group.	3.85	3	0	L-tyrosine derivative; piperidines; sulfonamide	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist
capecitabine Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.	3.59	2	0	carbamate ester; cytidines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	5.86	31	0	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
gadolinium chloride gadolinium chloride: a macrophage inhibitor; reduces pulmonary injury and inflammatory mediator production induced by inhaled ozone	1.98	1	0	gadolinium coordination entity	TRP channel blocker
vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.	3.7	10	0	trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion	EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine: RN given refers to (alpha)-isomer; a serotonin agonist that interferes with Meth A tumor growth in mice by selective vasoconstrictive action	1.97	1	0
carfentanil carfentanil : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of methyl 4-anilino-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate with propanoic acid.	1.96	1	0	methyl ester; piperidines; tertiary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; tranquilizing drug
cathinone cathinone: alkaloid from khat shrub, Catha edulis; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. cathinone : The S stereoisomer of 2-aminopropiophenone.	2.03	1	0	2-aminopropiophenone; monoamine alkaloid	central nervous system stimulant; psychotropic drug
2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline: strong mutagen found in broiled foods; structure given in first source. MeIQx : An imidazoquinoxaline that is 3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline substituted at positions 3 and 8 by methyl groups and at position 2 by an amino group. A mutagenic compound found in cooked beef.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; imidazoquinoxaline	carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; Maillard reaction product; mutagen
isothiocyanic acid [no description available]	2.39	2	0	hydracid; one-carbon compound
pipothiazine pipothiazine: was heading 1975-94 (see under PHENOTHIAZINE TRANQUILIZERS 1975-90); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search PIPOTHIAZINE 1975-94; a member of the family of phenothiazine tranquilizers	2.03	1	0
paroxetine hydrochloride paroxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of paroxetine. It is an antidepressant drug.	2.48	2	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
desferrioxamine b mesylate desferrioxamine B mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained by reaction of desferrioxamine B with one molar equivalent of methanesulfonic acid. It is an iron-chelating medicine used to remove excess iron from the body. It binds to iron in the blood, which is then passed out in the urine.	2.01	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	antidote; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator
bupropion hydrochloride [no description available]	2.08	1	0	aromatic ketone
cisatracurium cisatracurium: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,2alpha(1'R,2'R)))-isomer. cisatracurium : A diester that is the (1R,1'R,2R,2'R)-diastereoisomer of atracurium, a quaternary ammonium ion consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxy functions bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups. The active species in the skeletal muscle relaxant cisatracurium besylate.	2.04	1	0	diester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
halofuginone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinazolines
venlafaxine hydrochloride Venlafaxine Hydrochloride: A cyclohexanol and phenylethylamine derivative that functions as a SEROTONIN AND NORADRENALINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI) and is used as an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT.	2.41	2	0	hydrochloride
trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
fosinoprilat fosinoprilat: active phosphinic acid metabolite of prodrug fosenopril, which is activated by esterases in vivo; structure given in first source; binds zinc with phosphinic acid group. fosinoprilat : A phosphinic acid-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. An inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), it is used as the phosphinate ester pro-drug fosinopril for treatment of hypertension and chronic heart failure.	2.04	1	0	L-proline derivative; phosphinic acids	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
ortho-cept ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne	2.05	1	0
trovafloxacin trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.	4.41	6	0
verapamil hydrochloride verapamil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil hydrochloride and (S)-verapamil hydrochloride.	2.07	1	0
cefprozil [no description available]	4.06	4	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
doxazosin mesylate Cardura: Trade name in United States.	2.08	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	geroprotector
isosorbide-2-mononitrate isosorbide-2-mononitrate: for prevention & therapy of angina pectoris	1.96	1	0
methylprednisolone aceponate methylprednisolone aceponate: RN given for (6alpha,11beta)-isomer	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
dexamethasone 17-valerate dexamethasone 17-valerate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer; structure	2.02	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
dexamethasone dipropionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
efavirenz efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	4.27	5	0	acetylenic compound; benzoxazine; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.	4.78	9	0	aryl sulfide; benzamides; organic heterobicyclic compound; phenols; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; HIV protease inhibitor
doxapram hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	central nervous system stimulant
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.93	4	0	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
anisodamine anisodamine: alkaloid isolated from Chinese solanacea plant	2.79	3	0
mevastatin mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.	2.08	1	0	2-pyranones; carboxylic ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	antifungal agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; Penicillium metabolite
bupivacaine hydrochloride bupivacaine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine hydrochloride and levobupivacaine hydrochloride. The monohydrate form is commonly used as a local anaesthetic.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride; racemate	adrenergic antagonist; amphiphile; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; local anaesthetic
fenofibric acid fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ketone; chlorobenzophenone; monocarboxylic acid	drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
n-methylnicotinamide N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.	2.74	3	0	pyridinecarboxamide	metabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol 1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.	2.05	1	0	anhydro sugar	human metabolite
3-methylhistidine 3-methylhistidine: marker for myofibrillar-protein breakdown; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. 3-methylhistidine : A methylhistidine in which the methyl group is located at N-3.. N(pros)-methyl-L-histidine : A L-histidine derivative that is L-histidine substituted by a methyl group at position 3 on the imidazole ring.	1.98	1	0	L-histidine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; zwitterion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
betulinic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-HIV agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; plant metabolite
baicalin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	dihydroxyflavone; glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative	antiatherosclerotic agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite; prodrug
plerixafor plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.	3.61	2	0	azacycloalkane; azamacrocycle; benzenes; crown amine; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist; immunological adjuvant
amprenavir [no description available]	4.67	8	0	carbamate ester; sulfonamide; tetrahydrofuryl ester	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.	3.57	2	0	acetamides; amino acid ester; cyclohexenecarboxylate ester; primary amino compound	antiviral drug; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; prodrug; xenobiotic
2,4-diaminoquinazoline [no description available]	2	1	0
6-sulfatoxymelatonin 6-sulfatoxymelatonin: metabolite of melatonin; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0	acetamides
hexamidine hexamidine : A polyether that is the bis(4-guanidinophenyl) ether of hexane-1,6-diol.	2.11	1	0	aromatic ether; guanidines; polyether	antimicrobial agent; antiseptic drug
neocuproine neocuproine: Spectrophotometric determination of copper and ultramicro blood sugar determinations; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. neocuproine : A member of the class of phenanthrolines that is 1,10-phenanthroline bearing two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 9.	2.02	1	0	phenanthrolines	chelator; copper chelator
ticlopidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride
epirubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.08	1	0
glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.	2.45	2	0	glutathione derivative; organic disulfide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
fenclofenac fenclofenac: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.4	2	0	aromatic ether
4-nitrobenzylthioinosine 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport; acts on ENT1	2.02	1	0	purine nucleoside
iopamidol Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position.	2.43	2	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound; pentol	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
proxicromil proxicromil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.07	1	0
histamine phosphate histamine phosphate : A phosphate salt that is the diphosphate salt of histamine.	3.51	2	0	phosphate salt	histamine agonist
cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.	2	1	0	cephalosporin	fungal metabolite
imipramine n-oxide imipramine N-oxide: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	dibenzooxazepine
tilbroquinol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	organohalogen compound; quinolines
tropodifene tropodifene: russian drug; RN given refers to (endo)-isomer; structure	3.06	1	0
bendamustine [no description available]	3.59	2	0	benzimidazoles
erdosteine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
droxicam droxicam: structure given in first source. droxicam : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.	3.23	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; pyridines	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prodrug
flutonidine flutonidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.75	3	0
atrinositol [no description available]	2.39	2	0
milnacipran Milnacipran: A cyclopropanecarboxamide serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) that is used in the treatment of FIBROMYALGIA.	2.02	1	0	acetamides
ro 22-4839 Ro 22-4839: RN given from Toxline; RN not in Chemline 7/87; calmodulin antagonist	1.97	1	0
irindalone [no description available]	1.97	1	0
eltoprazine eltoprazine: RN given refers to parent cpd; suppresses hyperpolarizing responses to serotonin in rat hippocampus	2.39	2	0
ebrotidine ebrotidine: an H2-receptor antagonist and gastric mucosa protector	3.23	1	0	sulfonamide
ecabapide [no description available]	1.97	1	0
torbafylline torbafylline: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
mizolastine [no description available]	2.74	3	0	benzimidazoles
nebracetam nebracetam: RN given refers to parent cpd; agonist for muscarinic receptors	1.97	1	0
dexloxiglumide dexloxiglumide: a CCK receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.74	3	0	glutamic acid derivative
terikalant terikalant: experimental class II antiarrhythmic drug; RN gioven refers to terikalant ((S-(-))-isomer)	2.02	1	0	piperidines
intoplicine intoplicine: structure in first source	2.45	2	0	pyridoindole
pazufloxacin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	quinolines
rilmakalim rilmakalim: potassium channel opener; rimalkalim may be a typo	1.98	1	0
repaglinide [no description available]	4.66	8	0	piperidines
turosteride turosteride: a 5alpha-reductase inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (5alpha,17beta)-isomer	3.09	1	0
telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.	5.17	14	0	benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
methacycline [no description available]	2.67	3	0	1,2-diglyceride
dexfenfluramine Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.	2.95	4	0	fenfluramine	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
xenon radioisotopes Xenon Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes.	1.97	1	0
2-methoxyestradiol 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.	2.45	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
salicylhydroxamic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	0	hydroxamic acid; phenols	antibacterial drug; EC 1.11.2.2 (myeloperoxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor; trypanocidal drug
ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate: RN given refers to the (17alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0
1,7-phenanthroline [no description available]	2.02	1	0	phenanthroline
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	3.57	2	0	1,2,3-triazole
n,n-carbonyldiimidazole [no description available]	2.11	1	0
dyclonine hydrochloride dyclonine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dyclonine.	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	topical anaesthetic
4-aminoquinoline [no description available]	2.41	1	0
miconazole nitrate miconazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole nitrate. An antifungal used for the treatment of athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.08	1	0
ibopamine ibopamine: structure given in UD 31;67a & in 2nd source	8.77	2	1	benzoate ester; phenols
ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate: binds to albumin at 2 sites	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; steroid sulfate	antineoplastic agent; estrogen
medetomidine Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.	10.9	24	0	imidazoles
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	6.69	9	1	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sanguinarine chloride [no description available]	2.04	1	0
picosulfate sodium picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfate; pyridines
cefcanel cefcanel: RN given refers to (6R-(6 alpha,7 beta(R*)))-isomer; structure	2.45	2	0
ibuproxam ibuproxam: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6312. ibuproxam : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of ibuprofen with the amino group of hydroxylamine. Used for treatment of pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders.	2.06	1	0	hydroxamic acid	iron chelator; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rilmenidine Rilmenidine: Oxazole derivative that acts as an agonist for ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION.	3.68	10	0	isourea
selfotel selfotel: a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist; used to treat stroke-induced impairment	2.44	2	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
zoledronic acid Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.	4.26	5	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); imidazoles	bone density conservation agent
epristeride epristeride: structure given in first source	5.61	5	1	steroid acid
talinolol [no description available]	2.74	3	0	ureas
budipine budipine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6541	2.06	1	0	diarylmethane
schizandrol b schizandrol B: from Schizandra chinensis, plant used as tonic in traditional Chinese medicine	2.03	1	0	tannin
pirlindole pirlindole: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym pyrazidol refers to mono-HCl; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #2812	1.96	1	0	carbazoles
orotirelin orotirelin: increases dopamine release from rat brain	1.97	1	0
delta sleep-inducing peptide Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide: A nonapeptide that is found in neurons, peripheral organs, and plasma. This neuropeptide induces mainly delta sleep in mammals. In addition to sleep, the peptide has been observed to affect electrophysiological activity, neurotransmitter levels in the brain, circadian and locomotor patterns, hormonal levels, psychological performance, and the activity of neuropharmacological drugs including their withdrawal.	1.97	1	0
artemisinin (+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	2.08	1	0	organic peroxide; sesquiterpene lactone	antimalarial; plant metabolite
propildazine propildazine: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym ISF 2123 refers to di-HCl; structure	1.96	1	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
brinzolamide brinzolamide: an antiglaucoma agent	2.08	1	0	sulfonamide; thienothiazine	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
etisulergine etisulergine: RN given refers to parent cpd; CQ 32084 is synonomous to HCl; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
mesulergine mesulergine: RN given refers to parent cpd; CU 32-085 is synonymous to mono-HCl; metabolized into dopaminergic agonists; structure given in first source. mesulergine : A member of the class of ergot alkaloids that is known to act on serotonin and dopamine receptors.	2.7	3	0	ergot alkaloid; sulfamides	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; serotonergic antagonist
dienogest [no description available]	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; aliphatic nitrile; steroid hormone	progesterone receptor agonist; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
midaglizole midaglizole: orally effective hypoglycemic agent structurally unrelated to known hypoglycemics; RN given for parent cpd	3.07	5	0
tianeptine tianeptine: structure given in first source. tianeptine : A racemate comprising of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tianeptine. It is an atypical antidepressant used in Europe to treat patients who respond poorly to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).. 7-[(3-chloro-6-methyl-5,5-dioxido-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepin-11-yl)amino]heptanoic acid : A member of the class of dibenzothiazepines that is 3-chloro-6-methyl-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepine 5,5-dioxide substituted by a (6-carboxyhexyl)amino group at position 11.. (S)-tianeptine : The S-enantiomer of tianeptine.	2	1	0	dibenzothiazepine; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
drospirenone drospirenone: a progestational compound with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity; structure given in first source	2.46	2	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; steroid lactone	aldosterone antagonist; contraceptive drug; progestin
artemether Artemether: An artemisinin derivative that is used in the treatment of MALARIA.. artemether : An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	2.08	1	0	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; organic peroxide; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial
fenflumizole fenflumizole: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
metiprenaline metiprenaline: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.39	2	0
morphazinamide morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index	2.05	1	0	morpholines; pyrazines; secondary carboxamide
opromazine opromazine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in 9th ed, Merck Index, #6697	1.96	1	0	phenothiazines
dansylglycine [no description available]	2	1	0
denaverine denaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	diarylmethane
pafenolol pafenolol: structure given in first source	2.69	3	0
acamprosate Acamprosate: Structural analog of taurine that is used for the prevention of relapse in individuals with ALCOHOLISM.. acamprosate : An organosulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3.	3.23	1	0	acetamides; organosulfonic acid	environmental contaminant; neurotransmitter agent; xenobiotic
isaxonine isaxonine: promotes nerve growth	3.23	1	0	aminopyrimidine
n-methylscopolamine N-Methylscopolamine: A muscarinic antagonist used to study binding characteristics of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.	3.5	8	0
enrofloxacin Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.	2.07	1	0	cyclopropanes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
cromakalim Cromakalim: A potassium-channel opening vasodilator that has been investigated in the management of hypertension. It has also been tried in patients with asthma. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p352)	8.38	7	0
tefludazine tefludazine: RN given refers to (trans-(+-)-isomer); RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 3/88	1.97	1	0
diprafenone diprafenone: structure given in first source	2.72	3	0	aromatic compound
ridazolol [no description available]	1.97	1	0
erythromycin propionate erythromycin propionate: form in which erythromycin estolate is principally absorbed	2.02	1	0	erythromycin derivative
nebivolol 2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.	3.58	2	0	chromanes; diol; organofluorine compound; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
atipamezole [no description available]	4.5	23	0
uk 68798 [no description available]	4.76	9	0	aromatic ether; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; potassium channel blocker
ljc 10627 biapenem: structure given in first source. biapenem : A carbapenem antibiotic in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazolium-6-ylthio substituents respectively.	2.45	2	0	carbapenems; organic sulfide; pyrazolotriazole	antibacterial drug
binospirone mesylate binospirone mesylate: structure given in first source; a serotonin 1A receptor agonist; a putative 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist	1.99	1	0
hp 873 iloperidone: an atypical, negative symptom antipsychotic agent. iloperidone : A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia.	3.61	2	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone; monoamine; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
dexrazoxane Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.	4.25	5	0	razoxane	antineoplastic agent; cardiovascular drug; chelator; immunosuppressive agent
tyloxapol tyloxapol: non-ionic detergent with surface-active properties; incompatible with metals; surfactant also used in inhalation therapy; N1 is from CA Vol 90 Form Index; N1 in Chemline is same as synonym 8. tyloxapol : A polymeric compound resulting from the reaction of 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol with formaldehyde to give a chain in which 6-8 molecules are linked together by CH2 groups ortho to the phenolic hydroxy groups, which have then undergone reaction with oxirane to give polyoxyethyleneoxy moieties, Ar(OCH2CH2)xOH, where x = 8-10. A nonionic liquic polymer, it inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hence clearance of triglyceride from the plasma, so is used to induce hyperlipidaemia in test animals. Also used as a surfactant to aid liquefaction and removal of mucus- and pus-containing bronchopulmonary secretions.	2.39	2	0
masoprocol Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase.	2.89	4	0	nordihydroguaiaretic acid	antineoplastic agent; hypoglycemic agent; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite
loxapine succinate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	succinate salt	geroprotector
fenoxypropazine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether
antebate betamethasone butyrate propionate: a topical corticosteroid	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.	4.08	4	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	P450 inhibitor
betamipron [no description available]	2.75	3	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
mepindolol mepindolol: 2-methyl deriv of pindolol; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.07	1	0	indoles
fpl 52791 FPL 52791: also has anti-allergic properties; related to sodium cromoglycate; structure	2.07	1	0
bufuralol bufuralol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.14	5	0	benzofurans
carazolol carazolol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.66	3	0	carbazoles
uroxatral [no description available]	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride
seganserin seganserin: MW=471.55+72.92; MF=C29-H27-F2-N3-O. 2HCL; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
aceclofenac [no description available]	3.88	3	0	amino acid; carboxylic ester; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 46470 BRL 46470: a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and anxiolytic compound; BRL 46470A is the hydrochloride salt	2	1	0
nitrefazole [no description available]	3.23	1	0	imidazoles
amezinium amezinium: RN &N1 for parent cpd from 9th CI Form Index; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6252. amezinium : A pyridazinium ion that is pyridazin-1-ium which is substituted by a phenyl, amino and methoxy groups at positions 1, 4 and 6, respectively.	2	1	0	aromatic ether; primary arylamine; pyridazinium ion	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypotensive agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; sympathomimetic agent
2-tetradecylglycidic acid 2-tetradecylglycidic acid: structure	1.97	1	0
carbazeran carbazeran: structure given in first source	4.44	1	1
indorenate [no description available]	2.41	2	0
nipradilol [no description available]	8.67	10	0	organic molecular entity
epanolol epanolol: structure given in first source	2.7	3	0	acetamides
panipenem panipenem: synthetic cpd; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	organic molecular entity
efaroxan efaroxan: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.93	4	0	1-benzofurans
perindoprilat perindoprilat : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of N-[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-norvaline with the amino group of (2S,3aS,7aS)-octahydroindole-2-carboxylic acid. The major active metabolite of perindopril.	2.4	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide; L-alanine derivative; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
fluparoxan fluparoxan: structure given in first source	2.06	1	0
cyclobutyrol cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.	2.05	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	bile therapy drug
thiocolchicoside [no description available]	2.08	1	0	glycoside
prednisolone phosphate prednisolone phosphate: RN given refers to (11 beta)-isomer. prednisolone phosphate : A synthetic glucocorticoid resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy group of prednisolone with one of the hydroxy groups of phosphoric acid. It is a prodrug for prednisolone that is activated in vivo by phosphatases.	2.03	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; glucocorticoid; steroid phosphate; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; glucocorticoid receptor agonist; prodrug
terlipressin terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.	8.82	2	1	polypeptide
(S)-flurbiprofen [no description available]	2.03	1	0	flurbiprofen
tolmesoxide tolmesoxide: structure	7.39	2	0
ubenimex ubenimex: growth inhibitor	2.76	3	0
7-hydroxystaurosporine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
methotrimeprazine Methotrimeprazine: A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methotrimeprazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group and a methoxy group at positions 10 and 2 respectively.	3.11	5	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; cholinergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
isoflavone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	isoflavones
sesamin (+)-sesamin : A lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.	2	1	0	benzodioxoles; furofuran; lignan	antineoplastic agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
chelerythrine chloride [no description available]	2.04	1	0
clevudine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
nobiletin nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively.	2.06	1	0	methoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
9-aminocamptothecin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline
sch 34343 Sch 34343: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (5R-(5alpha,6alpha))-isomer	2.45	2	0
grepafloxacin grepafloxacin: structure in first source	2.44	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolines; quinolone antibiotic
squalamine squalamine: from dogfish shark Squalus acanthias; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	bile acid
tetrandrine tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity	3.24	6	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
doripenem Doripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.	3.61	2	0	carbapenems
5-(n-methyl-n-isobutyl)amiloride 5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl)amiloride: inhibitor of the Na+-H+ antiporter	1.97	1	0
amperozide amperozide : A member of the class of ureas that is urea in which three of the four hydrogens are replaced by ethyl and 4-[4,4-bis(4-fluorophenyl)butyl]piperazin-1-yl groups. An atypical antipsychotic which was in clinical development for the treatment of schizophrenia and substance-related disorders. It is a potent 5-HT2A antagonist and used in veterinary medicine because of its sedative effect on pigs.	1.99	1	0	diarylmethane; monofluorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; secondary carboxamide; ureas	anxiolytic drug; dopamine uptake inhibitor; geroprotector; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
ergocornine ergocornine: a component of ergotoxine; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ERGOLINES (75-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocornine : Ergotaman bearing a hydroxy group at the 12' position, isopropyl groups at the 2' and 5'alpha positions, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.	2.05	1	0	ergot alkaloid
3,4-methylenedioxyphenethylamine 3,4-methylenedioxyphenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.01	1	0
atovaquone Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.	4.52	7	0	hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
tutin tutin: neurotoxin found in Coriaria shrubs; hyenanchin is the hydroxy derivative; structure	1.96	1	0	gamma-lactone
1-benzylimidazole 1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase	2.05	1	0
rivastigmine [no description available]	3.85	3	0	carbamate ester; tertiary amino compound	cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
frovatriptan [no description available]	4.27	5	0	carbazoles
eletriptan eletriptan: 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist; structure in first source. eletriptan : An N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.	4.54	7	0	indoles; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfone	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
rosiglitazone [no description available]	5.12	13	0	aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones	EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug
tamiflu [no description available]	2.08	1	0	phosphate salt
bexarotene [no description available]	3.61	2	0	benzoic acids; naphthalenes; retinoid	antineoplastic agent
s20098 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	acetamides
flunisolide flunisolide: flunisolide HFA is a formulation of flunisolide using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) as propellant in place of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) ones	2.73	3	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
4-nitrophenylglucuronide 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position.	2.04	1	0	beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; C-nitro compound	chromogenic compound
acetaminophen glucuronide acetaminophen glucuronide: acetaminophen metabolite in rats. acetaminophen O-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid that is the O-glucuronide of paracetamol (acetaminophen).	2.04	1	0	beta-D-glucosiduronic acid	drug metabolite
tetramethrin tetramethrin: structure	1.98	1	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; maleimides; phthalimide insecticide	pyrethroid ester insecticide
ketorolac tromethamine Ketorolac Tromethamine: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.. ketorolac tromethamine : An organoammonium salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of ketorolac and tromethamine (tris). It has potent non-sedating analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.	2.08	1	0	organoammonium salt	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
clarithromycin Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.	5.02	12	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; protein synthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	11.82	61	1	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol.	2.38	2	0	iditol	fungal metabolite
moexipril [no description available]	3.84	3	0	peptide
3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol: noradrenaline metabolite in mouse brain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol : A tetrol composed of ethyleneglycol having a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at the 1-position.	2.66	3	0	catechols; tetrol	metabolite; mouse metabolite
5'-adenylyl (beta,gamma-methylene)diphosphonate 5'-adenylyl (beta,gamma-methylene)diphosphonate: do not confuse with alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate	3.07	5	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate: do not confuse with beta,gamma-methylene ATP; RN given refers to parent cpd	6.93	92	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
methylglucoside [no description available]	1.97	1	0
gliquidone gliquidone: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.47	2	0	isoquinolines
8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-amp 8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-AMP: lowers cAMP in heart & fat cells; cAMP-dependent kinase inhibitor. 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the purine fragment is replaced by a 4-chlorophenylthio group.	2.4	2	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound	protein kinase agonist
sk&f 95282 zolantidine: structure given in first source	2.1	1	0	piperidines
adenosine 5'-methylenediphosphate [no description available]	2.67	3	0	nucleoside diphosphate analogue
levobupivacaine Levobupivacaine: S-enantiomer of bupivacaine that is used as a local anesthetic and for regional nerve blocks, including EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA.. levobupivacaine : The (S)-(-)-enantiomer of bupivacaine.	2.06	1	0	1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide	adrenergic antagonist; amphiphile; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; local anaesthetic
isometamidium chloride isometamidium chloride: Samorin & Veridium are tradenames	1.98	1	0	organic molecular entity
lekoptin (S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.	2.03	1	0	2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
tarenflurbil tarenflurbil: R-enantiomer of flurbiprofen but not a COX inhibitor; modulates NF-kB, gamma-secretase, amyloid beta-protein;	2.03	1	0	flurbiprofen
mci 9038 [no description available]	3.58	2	0	peptide
lopinavir [no description available]	3.31	6	0	amphetamines; dicarboxylic acid diamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
corynanthine Corynanthine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.	3.98	4	0	yohimban alkaloid
droxidopa Droxidopa: A synthetic precursor of norepinephrine that is used in the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION.. droxidopa : A serine derivative that is L-serine substituted at the beta-position by a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group. A prodrug for noradrenalone, it is used for treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension	2.68	3	0	catechols; L-tyrosine derivative	antihypertensive agent; prodrug; vasoconstrictor agent
glycylsarcosine glycylsarcosine : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycine with the amino group of sarcosine.	2.06	1	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide
phenylisopropyladenosine [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aromatic amine; benzenes; hydrocarbyladenosine; purine nucleoside; secondary amino compound	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; neuroprotective agent
r 28935 R 28935: RN given refers to (R,S)-isomer; structure	2.87	4	0
levcromakalim [no description available]	2.07	1	0	1-benzopyran
5,6-dihydrouridine dihydrouridine : The uridine derivative obtained by formal hydrogenation of the endocyclic double bond in the uracil ring.	1.96	1	0	uridines	biomarker
glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.	2.05	1	0	D-glucuronic acid	algal metabolite
canthin-6-one canthin-6-one: from Zanthoxylum usambarense; structure in first source. canthin-6-one : An indole alkaloid that is 6H-indolo[3,2,1-de][1,5]naphthyridine substituted by an oxo group at position 6.	2	1	0	enone; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antimycobacterial drug; metabolite
2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethylamine 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethylamine: behaves as a partial agonist toward both alpha1-adrenergic & 5-HT(2) serotonergic receptors. 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine : A 2-arylethylamine compound where the aryl moiety is 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl.	1.98	1	0	2-arylethylamine
8-chloro-cyclic adenosine monophosphate [no description available]	1.99	1	0
denitro-kt-1 denitro-KT-1: structure given in first source; analog of KT-1 with nitro group replaced by hydroxy group	1.97	1	0
hippadine hippadine: isolated from Crinum bulbs	2.1	1	0
dicentrine dicentrine: structure given in first source; RN refers to (S)-isomer	7.9	4	0	aporphine alkaloid
becatecarin becatecarin: a rebeccamycin deriviative	2.05	1	0
moxifloxacin hydrochloride moxifloxacin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride comprising equimolar amounts of moxifloxacin and hydrogen chloride.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	antibacterial drug
hexylcaine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.07	1	0
phenglutarimide phenglutarimide: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.05	1	0	piperidines
cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.	3.77	3	0	cobalt group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group.	2.42	2	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound	metabolite
fulvestrant Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.	3.61	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid: structure in first source	2.39	2	0	polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
mizoribine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	imidazoles	anticoronaviral agent
1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane 1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer	1.99	1	0
enkephalin, d-penicillamine (2,5)- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-: A disulfide opioid pentapeptide that selectively binds to the DELTA OPIOID RECEPTOR. It possesses antinociceptive activity.. DPDPE : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is a cyclic enkephalin analogue, having D-penicillaminyl residues located at positions 2 and 5, which form the heterocycle via a disulfide bond.	3	4	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide	delta-opioid receptor agonist
u 73122 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.	3.96	13	0	aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides	EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor
1,4-dihydropyridine [no description available]	2.67	3	0
imipenem, anhydrous Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.	2.75	3	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carbapenems; zwitterion	antibacterial drug
cremophor el cremophor EL: solvent for Althesin & Propanidid implicated as possible cause of similar adverse effects polyethoxylated castor oil; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF; see also records for cremophor & cremophor A	1.98	1	0
quin2 Quin2: fluorescent highly selective Ca indicator, binding Ca 1:1; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
ergovaline [no description available]	1.99	1	0	peptide ergot alkaloid
sr141716 [no description available]	2.76	3	0	amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	anti-obesity agent; appetite depressant; CB1 receptor antagonist
bosentan anhydrous Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.	5.01	12	0	primary alcohol; pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
bicuculline methiodide [no description available]	2.39	2	0
cp-55,940 [no description available]	3.19	5	0
u 74006f tirilazad: a lazaroid; potent inhibitor of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation; has shown excellent activity in in vivo models of experimental central nervous system trauma & ischemia; structure given in first source; tradename Freedox	2.05	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
ecgonine methyl ester ecgonine methyl ester: major metabolite of cocaine; RN given refers to parent cpd (1R-(exo,exo))-isomer. ecgonine methyl ester : The O-debenzoyl analogue of cocaine.	2.06	1	0	methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	analgesic; central nervous system depressant; metabolite; mouse metabolite; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
way 100635 [no description available]	2.1	1	0
eudragit rs Eudragit RS: copolymer of acrylic & methacrylic acid esters & quaternary ammonium groups; used for microcapsules	1.99	1	0
1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1h-imidazole 1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole: inhibits platelet aggregation & Ca2+ entry into platelets. SKF-96365 free base : An ether that is 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been substituted by a 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl group.	2.46	2	0	ether; imidazoles; monomethoxybenzene	TRP channel blocker
chlorethylclonidine chlorethylclonidine: RN refers to 2-chloroethyl derivative	7.09	109	0
fluo-3 Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds	2.72	3	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate: structure given in first source	2	1	0	beta-carbolines
fpl 55712 FPL 55712: inhibitor of SRS-A and LTC4 and LTD4 receptors	2.07	1	0	aromatic ketone
paxilline paxilline: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4bbeta,6aalpha,12bbeta,12calpha,14abeta))-isomer. paxilline : An indole diterpene alkaloid with formula C27H33NO4 isolated from Penicillium paxilli. It is a potent inhibitor of large conductance Ca2(+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK)-type channels.	2.11	1	0	diterpene alkaloid; enone; organic heterohexacyclic compound; terpenoid indole alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	anticonvulsant; Aspergillus metabolite; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; genotoxin; geroprotector; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; potassium channel blocker
selenomethionine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; selenomethionine	plant metabolite
3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine 3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine: legal replacement for MDMA; RN given for (+-)-isomer; structure given in first source. 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-N-ethylpropan-2-amine : A secondary amino compound that is N-ethylisopropylamine in which a hydrogen of one of the isopropyl methyl groups has been replaced by a 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl group.	1.97	1	0	benzodioxoles; secondary amino compound
bradykinin, des-arg(9)- bradykinin, des-Arg(9)-: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.01	1	0	oligopeptide	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist
(3h)2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (1R-(exo,exo))-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-methyl-8- azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane-2-carboxylic acid, methyl ester: RN given refers to (1R-(exo,exo))-isomer	2.02	1	0
u 69593 U 69593: selective ligand for opioid K-receptor. U69593 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of phenylacetic acid and the secodary amino group of (5R,7S,8S)-N-methyl-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-amine.	2.25	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-alkylpyrrolidine; organic heterobicyclic compound; oxaspiro compound	anti-inflammatory agent; diuretic; kappa-opioid receptor agonist
methyllycaconitine methyllycaconitine: natural toxin from seeds of Delphinium brownii; parasympathomimetic and mild nicotine antagonist; antagonist of alpha-conotoxin-MII sensitive presynaptic nicotinic receptors; potent insecticide; RN refers to (1alpha,4(S),6beta,14alpha,16beta)-isomer	2.05	1	0
indobufen indobufen: thromboxane A2 antagonist	2.06	1	0	isoindoles
3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate: a surfactant; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate
cv 3988 CV 3988: platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
n,n-diallyl-tyrosyl-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid-phenylalanyl-leucine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
cgp 35348 CGP 35348: antagonizes both GABA-A and GABA-B receptors	2.03	1	0
sivelestat sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0	N-acylglycine; pivalate ester
inositol 1-phosphate 1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphate : An inositol having myo- configuration substituted at position 1 by a phosphate group.	2.67	3	0
4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-o-anisidide 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-o-anisidide: 30-90 times less potent in killing L1210 cells & 200 times less potent in producing single-strand breaks in DNA than m-AMSA; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.02	1	0
amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination: amiloride hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide drug combination.	3.38	1	1
racecadotril racecadotril: parenterally active enkephalinase inhibitor	2.08	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
methoctramine methoctramine: structure given in first source. methoctramine : A tetramine that is N,N'-bis(6-aminohexyl)octane-1,8-diamine where the primary amino groups both carry 2-methoxybenzyl substituents.. methoctramine tetrahydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining methoctramine with four molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid.	2.72	3	0	hydrochloride	muscarinic antagonist
1,1-dimethylheptyl-11-hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol HU 211: structure given in first source; HU 211 is active & HU 210 is inactive as canibinoids; functional N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blocker; RN given is for (6aS-trans)-isomer	2.05	1	0
gr 127935 GR 127935: a 5-HT 1D receptor antagonist. GR 127935 : A member of the class of benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2'-methyl-4'-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid and the anilino group of 4-methoxy-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)aniline. Potent and selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist (pKi values are 8.5 for both guinea pig 5-HT1D and rat 5-HT1B receptors). Displays > 100-fold selectivity over 5HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptors and other receptor types. Centrally active following oral administration.	3.61	9	0	1,2,4-oxadiazole; benzamides; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline	3.82	3	0	alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
l-pyroglutamyl-l-histidyl-3,3-dimethylprolinamide [no description available]	1.97	1	0
tryptoline tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.02	1	0	beta-carbolines
afdx 116 otenzepad: cardioselective muscarinic receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0	benzodiazepine
procyanidin Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.	2.03	1	0	proanthocyanidin
asulacrine asulacrine: derivative of amsacrine; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	acridines
4-desmethoxyverapamil [no description available]	1.97	1	0
ecopipam ecopipam: structure given in first source	2.31	1	0	benzazepine
hydroxycotinine hydroxycotinine: metabolite of nicotine; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. trans-3-hydroxycotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is cotinine substituted at position C-3 by a hydroxy group (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).	2.04	1	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid
fingolimod fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.	2.05	1	0	aminodiol; primary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; CB1 receptor antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
dihydrocapsaicin [no description available]	1.97	1	0	capsaicinoid
quinaprilat quinaprilat: metabolite of quinapril. quinaprilat : A dicarboxylic acid resulting from the hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group of quinapril to give the corresponding dicarboxylic acid. The active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) of the prodrug quinapril.	2.74	3	0	dicarboxylic acid; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine: a potent agonst of metabotropic glutamate receptors	2.05	1	0	alpha-amino acid
5-methoxy 3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl)1h indole [no description available]	3.23	6	0	indoles
sri 63-441 SRI 63-441: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist	1.97	1	0
alpha-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazine butanol alpha-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazine butanol: NM refers to free form; BMY 14802-1 is the HCl; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
2-hydroxyimipramine 2-hydroxyimipramine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.45	2	0	dibenzoazepine
proanthocyanidin proanthocyanidin: RN given refers to proanthocyanidin A; Cannabinoid Receptor CB1 antagonist. proanthocyanidin : A flavonoid oligomer obtained by the the condensation of two or more units of hydroxyflavans.	2.03	1	0
parthenolide [no description available]	1.99	1	0	germacranolide
rx 821002 2-methoxyidazoxan: 2-methoxy analog of idazoxan. 2-methoxyidazoxan : A benzodioxine that is idazoxan substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group.	5.12	44	0	benzodioxine; cyclic ketal; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
senktide [no description available]	1.99	1	0
ecteinascidin 743 [no description available]	2.45	2	0	acetate ester; azaspiro compound; bridged compound; hemiaminal; isoquinoline alkaloid; lactone; organic heteropolycyclic compound; organic sulfide; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; marine metabolite
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.	3.37	7	0	2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent
zacopride [no description available]	2.7	3	0	benzamides
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	5.11	14	0
tadalafil [no description available]	3.61	2	0	benzodioxoles; pyrazinopyridoindole	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
hydroxybenzylpindolol hydroxybenzylpindolol: structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.36	2	0
st 587 St 587: clonidine derivative which is selective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor stimulator with lipophilic properties; structure in first source	4.37	21	0
metaphit metaphit: site-directed acylating agent of phencyclidine receptors in rat brain; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
5-hydroxydopamine 5-hydroxydopamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0	catecholamine
u 73343 U 73343: an inactive analog of U 73122	2.69	3	0
ibuprofen, (r)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0	ibuprofen
thromboxanes thromboxane : A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels.	1.99	1	0
quadazocine quadazocine: RN given refers to (2 alpha,6 alpha,11S*)-(+-)-isomer	2	1	0
way 100135 WAY 100135: a selective antagonist at presynaptic & postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors; structure given in first source	2.9	4	0	piperazines
2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine: cyclic methadone metabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.02	1	0
isofloxythepin isofloxythepin: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure	1.97	1	0
ici 198615 ICI 198615: an LTD4 receptor antagonist; SRS-A antagonist; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
paliperidone 3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.. paliperidone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia.	3.92	3	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine; secondary alcohol
cp 65,526 azidoprazosin: labeled with 125I	6.85	63	1
2-iodomelatonin [no description available]	2.39	2	0	acetamides
nitisinone [no description available]	3.59	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; cyclohexanones; mesotrione	EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
plavix [no description available]	2.08	1	0	azaheterocycle sulfate salt; organoammonium sulfate salt	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
centpropazine [no description available]	1.98	1	0
marimastat marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.	2.05	1	0	hydroxamic acid; secondary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
3-mercaptopicolinic acid 3-mercaptopicolinic acid: gluconeogenesis inhibitor; may also inhibit ATP-dependentphosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase	1.97	1	0
clofarabine [no description available]	3.87	3	0	adenosines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
roemerine roemerine: from root tubers of Stephania kwangsiensis H.S. Lo; RN given refers to (R)-isomer; synonym aporeine refers to (S)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #779	2.44	2	0	isoquinoline alkaloid
arg-3-hyp-7-phe-bradykinin NPC 567: bradykinin receptor antagonist. NPC-567 : A ten-membered oligopeptide comprising D-arginyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, (4R)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl, glycyl, L-phenylalanyl, L-seryl, D-phenylalanyl, L-phenylalanyl and L-arginine residues joined in sequence.	3.01	4	0	oligopeptide	bradykinin receptor antagonist
elacridar Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source	2.73	3	0
caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.	2	1	0	fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pramipexole Pramipexole: A benzothiazole derivative and dopamine agonist with antioxidant properties that is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. pramipexole : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole in which the hydrogens at the 2 and 6-pro-S-positions are substituted by amino and propylamino groups, respectively.	3.86	3	0	benzothiazoles; diamine	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; radical scavenger
mosapride 4-amino-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-N-({4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]morpholin-2-yl}methyl)benzamide : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-ethoxybenzoic acid with the amino group of 1-[4-(4-fluorobenzyl)morpholin-2-yl]methanamine.	2.42	2	0	aromatic ether; benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound
valdecoxib [no description available]	3.61	2	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ym 12617 YM 12617: RN given refers to HCl salt; RN from Toxline; RN not in Chemline 5/85; structure given in first source. 5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide : A secondary amino compound that is ammonia in which nitrogen is substituted by a 1-(4-methoxy-3-sulfamoylphenyl)propan-2-yl group and a 2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl group.	3.68	10	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide
sr 46349b SR 46349B: potent & selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.94	4	0
ips 339 IPS 339: RN refers to mono-HCl without isomeric designation; structure	1.97	1	0
brl 44408 BRL 44408: has selectivity for adrenergic alpha-2A receptors; BRL 48962 is the R-enantiomer; BRL 48553 is the R-enantiomer	4.2	17	0
mitiglinide mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
fpl-52694 FPL-52694: mast cell stabilizer; RN given refers to parent cpd; FPL-52694 is mono-Na salt; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
indanidine [no description available]	1.96	1	0
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine LY 165163: structure given in first source; a serotonin agonist. LY-165163 : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by 2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl and 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a selective 5-HT1A serotonin receptor agonist and 5-HT1D serotonin receptor antagonist.	1.98	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; primary arylamine; substituted aniline	geroprotector; serotonergic agonist
8-azidoadenosine diphosphate [no description available]	2.42	2	0
ly 134046 LY 134046: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.37	2	0
methylthio-adp [no description available]	2.03	1	0
sgb 1534 SGB 1534: RN given refers to mono-HCl	3.84	12	0
loe 908 LOE 908: inhibitor of receptor-activated nonselective cation currents in HL-60 cells; structure given in first source	2.15	1	0
pd 117302 PD 117302: RSD-921 is the ((+)-trans)-isomer	1.97	1	0
2-(n,n-dimethylamino)-6,7-dihydroxytetralin [no description available]	2.87	4	0
saclofen saclofen: GABA-A receptor antagonist	2.02	1	0	organochlorine compound
luzindole luzindole: melatonin receptor antagonist; structure given in first source. luzindole : A member of the class of indoles that is tryptamine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by an acetyl group while the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a benzyl group.	5.11	16	0	acetamides; indoles	melatonin receptor antagonist
2-(n,n-dipropyl)amino-5,6-dihydroxytetralin 2-(N,N-dipropyl)amino-5,6-dihydroxytetralin: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.36	2	0
uh 301 UH 301: structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
kallidin, des-arg(10)- kallidin, des-Arg(10)-: includes both L and D isomers of Phe(8)	2.08	1	0
ici 169369 2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)thio)-3-phenylquinoline: structure & RN given in first source	1.98	1	0
sk&f 104078 [no description available]	4.68	9	0	benzazepine
hydroxybenzylisoproterenol [no description available]	1.97	1	0
carbene carbene: electrically neutral species H2C: and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons; carbene is the name of the parent hydride :CH2 ; hence, the name dichlorocarbene for :CCl2. However, names for acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons containing one or more divalent carbon atoms are derived from the name of the corresponding all-4-hydrocarbon using the suffix -ylidene; methylene carbene also available. carbene : The electrically neutral species H2C(2.) and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons, which may be spin-paired (singlet state) or spin-non-paired (triplet state).	2	1	0	carbene; methanediyl
peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).	2.01	1	0	nitrogen oxoacid
imatinib mesylate imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.	9.59	9	0	methanesulfonate salt	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
almotriptan almotriptan : An indole compound having a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group at the 3-position and a (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)methyl group at the 5-position.	4.07	4	0	indoles; sulfonamide; tertiary amine	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
mk 0663 [no description available]	2.75	3	0	bipyridines; organochlorine compound; sulfone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gefitinib [no description available]	5.18	8	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.	3.57	8	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organoiodine compound	adenosine A3 receptor agonist
ici 89406 ICI 89406: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1	0	ureas
1-(1-(2-benzo(b)thienyl)cyclohexyl)piperidine 1-(1-(2-benzo(b)thienyl)cyclohexyl)piperidine: structure given in first source. 1-[1-(1-benzothiophen-2-yl)cyclohexyl]piperidine : A tertiary amino compound that consists of cyclohexane having piperidin-1-yl and benzothiophen-2-yl groups attached at position 1. A potent dopamine re-uptake inhibitor with a behavioral profile different from that of phencyclidine (PCP) and similar to that of cocaine.	3.56	8	0	1-benzothiophenes; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	dopamine uptake inhibitor
(3,4-dihydroxyphenylamino)-2-imidazoline (3,4-dihydroxyphenylamino)-2-imidazoline: potent agonist at dopamine receptors mediating neuronal inhibition; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in UD indicates phenyl-imino group	2.36	2	0
7,8-(methylenedioxy)-14-hydroxyberbane 7,8-(methylenedioxy)-14-hydroxyberbane: structure given in first source	3.68	10	0
argipressin, beta-mercapto-beta,beta cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid(1)- [no description available]	1.97	1	0
cgp 42112a CGP 42112A: a hexapeptide analog of angiotensin II; activation of Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 results in vasodilation. CGP-42112A : A hexapeptide consisting of L-tyrosine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-proline and L-isoleucine amino acid residues coupled in sequence and in which the amino group of the L-tyrosyl residue is substituted by a (pyridin-3-ylcarbonyl)nitrilo group and in which the L-lysyl side chain amino group is substituted by a {N(2)-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-L-arginyl}nitrilo group. It is a potent angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2 receptor) agonist.	1.99	1	0	benzyl ester; oligopeptide; pyridinecarboxamide	angiotensin receptor agonist; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; neuroprotective agent; vasodilator agent
phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-glutaminyl-prolyl-glutaminyl-arginyl-phenylalaninamide phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-glutaminyl-prolyl-glutaminyl-arginyl-phenylalaninamide: endogenous opioid antagonist octapeptide from bovine brain	2.38	2	0
angiotensin ii, des-phe(8)- Ile(5)-angiotensin II (1-7) : An angiotensin compound consisting of the linear heptapeptide sequence L-Asp-L-Arg-L-Val-L-Tyr-L-Ile-L-His-L-Pro.	2.11	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin	vasodilator agent
2-chloro-n(6)cyclopentyladenosine 2-chloro-N(6)cyclopentyladenosine: highly selective agonist at A1 adenosine receptors	1.98	1	0
angiotensin ii, des-asp(1)-des-arg(2)-ile(5)- angiotensin II, des-Asp(1)-des-Arg(2)-Ile(5)-: 3-8 hexapeptide fragment of angiotensin II; smallest potent angiotensin II antagonist	1.99	1	0	organic molecular entity
3-iodopindolol 3-iodopindolol: RN given refers to 125I-labeled cpd(-)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.89	4	0
ramatroban [no description available]	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity
tak 044 TAK 044: endothelin receptor antagonist	1.99	1	0
7,8-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 7,8-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline: potent reversible inhibitor of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase; structure. 7,8-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline : A 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hacing chloro substituents at the 7- and 8-positions.	2.88	4	0	isoquinolines; organochlorine compound
neurokinin a (4-10), beta-ala(8)- neurokinin A (4-10), beta-Ala(8)-: selective NK-2 tachykinin receptor	2.06	1	0
b 4162 B 4162: bradykinin inhibitor	1.97	1	0
sk&f 86466 benalfocin: RN & RR given from first source; RN not in Chemline 9/28/83; structure given in first source	3.23	6	0	benzazepine
zd 7288 ICI D2788: a sinoatrial node modulator; may be of use in treatment of ischaemic heart disease by increasing heart rate without impairing cardiac function	4.67	4	0
desloratadine desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.	4.13	4	0	benzocycloheptapyridine	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist
brl 41992 BRL 41992: has selectivity for adrenergic alpha-2A receptors	1.98	1	0
2,2'-pyridylisatogen tosylate 2,2'-pyridylisatogen tosylate: exerts inhibitory effect on action of ATP on smooth muscle; a P2Y1 purinoceptor antagonist; structure	1.99	1	0
w 7 [no description available]	1.96	1	0
desvenlafaxine O-desmethylvenlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl group. It is a metabolite of the drug venlafaxine.	3.23	1	0	cyclohexanols; phenols; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate: do not confuse with phosphatidylinositols which have fatty acids esterified at the C-1 and C-2 hydroxyl groups of glycerol	2.9	4	0
dibutyryl cyclic-3',5'-cytidine monophosphate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-(n,n-dipropyl)amino-6,7-dihydroxytetralin 2-(N,N-dipropyl)amino-6,7-dihydroxytetralin: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
ethoxyidazoxan ethoxyidazoxan: the ethoxy derivative of idazoxan	1.98	1	0
sk&f 104856 SK&F 104856: structure given in first source	3.79	3	0
pre 084 2-(4-morpholino)ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate: structure given in first source	2.08	1	0	morpholines
amthamine amthamine: histamine H2 receptor agonist; structure & RN given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1	0	thiazoles
gyki 53655 GYKI 53655: an AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate) receptor antagonist	2.01	1	0
methotrexate [no description available]	5.74	26	0	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
reboxetine Reboxetine: A morpholine derivative that is a selective and potent noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor; it is used in the treatment of DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.	3.16	5	0	aromatic ether
5,6-dihydroxy-1-(2-imidazolinyl)tetralin 2-(5,6-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl)imidazoline: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (R)-isomer; RN for compound without isomeric designation not available 8/88	2.41	2	0
2-n-butyl-3-(dimethylamino)-5,6-methylenedioxyindene 2-n-butyl-3-(dimethylamino)-5,6-methylenedioxyindene: affects calcium-induced arrhythmias; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
sdz nvi-085 SDZ NVI-085: a potent anticataplectic agent that may act by stimulating an alpha1-adrenoceptor subtype	3.24	6	0
salvinorin a salvinorin A: from the herb, Salvia divinorum	2.5	2	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organooxygen compound	metabolite; oneirogen
ici 106270 ICI 106270: potent antihypertensive with similar mechanism of action to clonidine; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	1.96	1	0
sk&f 89748 SK&F 89748: RN given refers to (+-)-isomer & is given in first source; RN not in Chemline 9/28/83; structure given in first source	2.65	3	0
xaliproden xaliproden : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-naphthyl)ethyl group and at position 4 by a m-trifluoromethylphenyl group.	2.07	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; naphthalenes; tertiary amino compound; tetrahydropyridine	serotonergic agonist
tamsulosin [no description available]	16.22	146	18	5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antineoplastic agent
rufinamide rufinamide: for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; structure in first source	3.23	1	0	aromatic amide; heteroarene
na 0345 NA 0345: structure given in first source; SF 2370 derivative	1.98	1	0
antiprimod azaspirane: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
n-isobutyrylcysteine N-isobutyrylcysteine: RN given refers to L-isomer	2.07	1	0
sulbactam [no description available]	2.97	4	0	penicillanic acids
olmesartan medoxomil Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.	4.1	4	0	biphenyls
dexpanthenol dexpanthenol: The alcohol of pantothenic acid	3.6	2	0	amino alcohol; monocarboxylic acid amide	cholinergic drug; provitamin
4-chloro-2-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)isoindoline 4-chloro-2-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)isoindoline: acts as partial agonist at the postsynaptic alpha-adrenoreceptors of the rat anococcygeus muscle & as antagonist at the presynaptic alpha-adrenoreceptors of the rat vas deferens	1.97	1	0
fosamprenavir fosamprenavir: a prodrug of the protease inhibitor amprenavir. fosamprenavir : A sulfonamide with a structure based on that of sulfanilamide substituted on the sulfonamide nitrogen by a (2R,3S)-4-phenyl-2-(phosphonooxy)-3-({[(3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy]carbonyl}amino)butyl group. It is a pro-drug of the HIV protease inhibitor and antiretroviral drug amprenavir.	3.23	1	0	sulfonamide	prodrug
s 14671 S 14671: serotonin receptor agonist; RN from toxlit	1.98	1	0
quilostigmine quilostigmine: RN given for (3aS,cis)-isomer; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	pyrroloindole
cyclazosin cyclazosin: an alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor antagonist; structure given in first source; RN given for (cis)-isomer. cyclazosin : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of furoic acid with the secondary amino group of 6,7-dimethoxy-2-[(4aR,8aS)-octahydroquinoxalin-1-yl]quinazolin-4-amine.	4.99	12	0	aromatic amide; aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; quinazolines; quinoxaline derivative	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist
sl 84.0418 SL 84.0418: potential antidiabetic for the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
2-((5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)azo)-1h-imidazole 2-((5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)azo)-1H-imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	1.96	1	0
ilomastat CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor	2.05	1	0	hydroxamic acid; L-tryptophan derivative; N-acyl-amino acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
4-(benzodioxan-5-yl)-1-(indan-2-yl)piperazine [no description available]	1.98	1	0
omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.	3.7	10	0	amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
dc 015 DC 015: a selective alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.9	4	0
3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)pyrazole 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)pyrazole: structure in first source	2	1	0
abiraterone [no description available]	2.08	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; pyridines	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.9 (steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase) inhibitor
4(5)-2-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)ethylimidazole 4(5)-2-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)ethylimidazole: structure given in first source	2.37	2	0
5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate [no description available]	2.46	2	0
imiloxan [no description available]	3.09	5	0	benzodioxine
n-acetylneuraminyl cholesterol N-acetylneuraminyl cholesterol: alpha-isomer increases influx of calcium while beta-isomer does not; RN given refers to (alpha-N-ANA) cpd	1.98	1	0
febuxostat Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT.. febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout.	3.61	2	0	1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; nitrile	EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
dilevalol (R,R)-labetalol : A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2R-configuration.	2.04	1	0	2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide
b-ht 958 B-HT 958: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
butoxamine Butoxamine: A beta-2 selective adrenergic antagonist. It is used primarily in animal and tissue experiments to characterize BETA-2 ANDRENERGIC RECEPTORS.	4	14	0
alpha-ergocryptine ergocryptine: a component of the ergotoxine complex; it is the main ergot alkaloid of Japanese & South American wid grasses; minor descriptor (76-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ERGOLINES (76-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). alpha-ergocryptine : Ergotaman bearing hydroxy, isopropyl, and 2-methylpropyl groups at the 12', 2' and 5' positions, respectively, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid. Ergocryptine discussed in the literature prior to 1967, when beta-ergocryptine was separated from alpha-ergocryptine, is now referred to as alpha-ergocryptine.	1.96	1	0	ergot alkaloid
aspartame [no description available]	2.07	1	0	carboxylic acid; dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide; methyl ester	apoptosis inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; micronutrient; nutraceutical; sweetening agent; xenobiotic
ici 170809 ICI 170809: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
ethylketocyclazocine Ethylketocyclazocine: A kappa opioid receptor agonist. The compound has analgesic action and shows positive inotropic effects on the electrically stimulated left atrium. It also affects various types of behavior in mammals such as locomotion, rearing, and grooming.	1.96	1	0
3,4-dihydro-8-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropoxy)-2h-1-benzopyran-3-ol 3,4-dihydro-8-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropoxy)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-ol: K 351 is alpha blockader; above cpd is beta blockader	1.98	1	0
4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-(5-(3-iodo-4-azidophenyl)pentanoyl)-1-piperazinyl)quinazoline [no description available]	2.37	2	0
tempol [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aminoxyls; hydroxypiperidine	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; catalyst; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger
1-hydroxytrimazosin 1-hydroxytrimazosin: major metabolite of trimazosin; structure in first source	1.96	1	0
proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.	6.6	15	4	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dk 118 DK 118: stimulates dopaminergic receptors in the central & peripheral nervous system; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
escitalopram Escitalopram: S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.. escitalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram.	3.57	2	0	1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile	antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
lexapro Lexapro: Trade name of escitalopram, the active S-enantiomer of the racemic citalopram.	2.08	1	0
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin 10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin: structure in first source. pralatrexate : A pteridine that is the N-4-[1-(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)pent-4-yn-2-yl]benzoyl derivative of L-glutamic acid. Used for treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, an aggressive form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.	3.23	1	0	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pteridines; terminal acetylenic compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
docetaxel [no description available]	3.14	5	0	hydrate; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.89	3	0	secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
irofulven irofulven: structure in first source	2.04	1	0	cyclohexenones
atazanavir atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).	3.87	3	0	carbohydrazide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
ym 872 YM 872: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
tariquidar [no description available]	3.43	1	1	benzamides
rec 15-2739 Rec 15-2739: an alpha-1 antagonist selective for the lower urinary tract; structure given in first source	4.36	6	0
levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.	7.76	19	3	9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (2R,3S)-EHNA : EHNA of absolute configuration 2R,3S. Selective inhibitor of cGMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase (PDE2) (IC50 = 0.8 - 4 mM). Also a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase.	2.04	1	0	EHNA	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
ezetimibe Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).	4.1	4	0	azetidines; beta-lactam; organofluorine compound	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite
ertapenem Ertapenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections including intra-abdominal infections, acute gynecological infections, complicated urinary tract infections, skin infections, and respiratory tract infections. It is also used to prevent infection in colorectal surgery.. ertapenem : Meropenem in which the one of the two methyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by hydrogen while the other is replaced by a 3-carboxyphenyl group. The sodium salt is used for the treatment of moderate to severe susceptible infections including intra-abdominal and acute gynaecological infections, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and of the urinary tract.	3.58	2	0	carbapenemcarboxylic acid; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial drug
dx 8951 [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline
cox 189 lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.	3.61	2	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cilomilast [no description available]	2.74	3	0	methoxybenzenes
conivaptan conivaptan : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid with the benzazepine nitrogen of 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine. It is an antagonist for two of the three types of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, V1a and V2. It is used as its hydrochloride salt for the treatment of hyponatraemia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).	3.86	3	0	benzazepine	aquaretic; vasopressin receptor antagonist
cariporide cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
tezosentan tezosentan: structure in first source	2.45	2	0
vatalanib [no description available]	2.07	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; pyridines; secondary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
sabarubicin sabarubicin: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
4-methylthioamphetamine 4-methylthioamphetamine: structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.	4.76	9	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; pyrrolidinopiperidine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug
pralnacasan pralnacasan: NSAID, ICE inhibitor & metastasis inhibitor; RN & structure in first source	3.23	1	0
clevidipine clevidipine: a calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive agent; structure in first source	3.86	3	0	dihydropyridine
jtt 501 JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
gw420867x GW420867X: structure in first source	2	1	0
solifenacin [no description available]	4.08	4	0	isoquinolines
dexmethylphenidate dexmethylphenidate : A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have R configuration. It is the active enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate.	3.23	1	0	methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate	adrenergic agent
hyoscyamine Hyoscyamine: The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.. (S)-atropine : An atropine with a 2S-configuration.	2.49	2	0	tropane alkaloid
phorbols Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).	2.66	3	0	diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent
kolaviron kolaviron: antihepatotoxic fraction of biflavonones from Garcinia kola seeds; phalloidine antagonist. kolaflavanone : A biflavonoid isolated from the seeds of Garcinia kola that has been shown to exhibit hepatoprotective activity.	2.13	1	0	4'-methoxyflavanones; biflavonoid; dihydroflavonols; ring assembly; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
cyanopindolol [no description available]	3.59	9	0	indoles
xamoterol Xamoterol: A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.	3.14	5	0	morpholines
disopyramide, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ym 09151-2 nemonapride: structure in first source; RN given refers to compound with no isomeric designation. nemonapride : A racemate composed of (2S,3S)- and (2R,3R)-enantiomers of nemonapride. Highly potent dopamine D2-like receptor antagonist; selective over D1-like receptors (Ki values are 0.1 and 740 nM for D2-like and D1-like receptors respectively). Also potent 5-HT1A receptor agonist (IC50 = 34 nM) and has affinity for sigma receptors.. (2R,3R)-nemonapride : An optically active form of nemonapride having (2R,3R)-configuration.	2.66	3	0	N-(1-benzyl-2-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)benzamide
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	10.78	16	0	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
canertinib [no description available]	3.41	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; morpholines; organofluorine compound; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
cinacalcet cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; naphthalenes; secondary amino compound	calcimimetic; P450 inhibitor
alpha-methylhistamine (R)-alpha-methylhistamine : An aralkylamino compound that is histamine bearing a methyl substituent at the alpha-position (the R-enantiomer).	2.47	2	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	H3-receptor agonist
hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.	7	1	0	oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species
lactitol lactitol : A glycosyl alditol consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose and D-glucitol joined by a 1->4 glycosidic bond. It is used as a laxative, as an excipient, and as replacement bulk sweetener in some low-calorie foods.	2.07	1	0	glycosyl alditol	cathartic; excipient; laxative
lubiprostone [no description available]	3.23	1	0
isradipine, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
olmesartan olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866	2.46	2	0	biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent
camphora camphora: a component of Guanxingao, a kind of traditional Chinese rubber electuary medicine which is able to either cure or guard against coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. (R)-camphor : The (R)- enantiomer of camphor.	1.96	1	0	camphor
telbivudine [no description available]	3.61	2	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
mdl 74156 hydrodolasetron: active metabolite of dolasetron	2.06	1	0
o-desmethylindomethacin 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-indoleacetic acid: has insulin sensitizing and glucose lowering activity; structure in first source	1.99	1	0
cyc 202 seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.	2.52	2	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
coclaurine coclaurine: RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. (S)-coclaurine : The (S)-enantiomer of coclaurine.	2.01	1	0	coclaurine
actinodaphine actinodaphine: structure given in first source; isolated from Illigera SP. actinodaphnine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound 6,7,7a,8-tetrahydro-5H-benzo[g][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2,3-de]quinoline bering additional hydroxy and methoxy substituents at positions 10 and 11 respectively.	1.99	1	0	aporphine alkaloid; aromatic ether; organic heteropentacyclic compound; phenols; secondary amino compound	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; topoisomerase inhibitor
anonaine anonaine: smooth muscle relaxant; aporphine alkaloid isolated from roots of Annona cherimolia; structure in first source. (-)-annonaine : An aporphine alkaloid that exhibits anti-cancer, trypanocidal and antiplasmodial activites.	1.98	1	0	aporphine alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxacycle	antineoplastic agent; antiplasmodial drug; trypanocidal drug
t-cadinol T-cadinol: extract of scented myrrh; RN given refers to (1S-(1alpha,4alpha,4aalpha,8abeta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/92; structure given in first source. tau-cadinol : A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that is cadin-4-ene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 10.	1.98	1	0	cadinane sesquiterpenoid; carbobicyclic compound; octahydronaphthalenes; tertiary alcohol	plant metabolite; volatile oil component
fpl 52757 FPL 52757: FPL 52758 is Na salt of FPL 52757; structure in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0
ip 66 IP 66: may show strong antagonism toward postsynaptic alpha-receptors & slight agonism towards presynaptic beta-receptors	1.96	1	0
tibalosin tibalosin: structure given in first source	2.65	3	0
asenapine asenapine : A racemate consisting of equal amounts of (R,R)- and (S,S)-asenapine. Used as its maleate salt for the acute treatment of schizophrenia and acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder with or without psychotic features.. (S,S)-asenapine : A 5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydrodibenzo[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole in which both of the stereocentres have S configuration.	1.97	1	0	5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydrodibenzo[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole
neurokinin a (4-10), nle(10)- [no description available]	2.79	3	0
substance p, sar(9)-met(o2)(11)- substance P, Sar(9)-Met(O2)(11)-: a neurokinin-1 receptor agonist	3.19	5	0
l 659066 vatinoxan: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
abanoquil [no description available]	5.98	8	1
5-hydroxykynuramine 5-hydroxykynuramine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 5-hydroxykynurenamine : A hydroxykynurenamine where the hydroxy group is located at the 5-position.	1.97	1	0	hydroxykynurenamine; primary amino compound	mouse metabolite
corbadrine alpha-methylnoradrenaline : A catecholamine in which the 2-aminoethyl group is substituted with a hydroxy group at C-1 and a methyl group at C-2, with configurations 1R,2S. A metabolite of alpha-methyl-L-dopa, it is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist and acts as a topical nasal decongestant and vasoconstrictor, most often used in dentistry.	3.06	1	0	catecholamine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; nasal decongestant; vasoconstrictor agent
tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylphosphonium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tetraphenylphosphonium : A polyatomic cation consisting of four phenyl groups attached to a central phosphonium.	1.99	1	0	heteroorganic entity; phosphorus molecular entity; polyatomic cation
paromomycin Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	3.87	3	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
d 2343 D 2343: beta 2-adrenoreceptor agonist with alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocking properties; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
anidulafungin Anidulafungin: Echinocandin antifungal agent that is used in the treatment of CANDIDEMIA and CANDIDIASIS.. anidulafungin : A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis.	3.58	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; azamacrocycle; echinocandin; heterodetic cyclic peptide; semisynthetic derivative
avasimibe [no description available]	2.05	1	0	monoterpenoid
ly 300502 [no description available]	3.09	1	0
rac 109 RAC 109: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
4, alpha-dimethyl-3-tyramine 4, alpha-dimethyl-3-tyramine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0
4-methyl-alpha-ethyl-m-tyramine 4-methyl-alpha-ethyl-m-tyramine: serotonin-releasing agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.	3.23	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
varenicline Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.	3.6	2	0
n,n'-bis(salicylideneamino)ethane-manganese(ii) N,N'-bis(salicylideneamino)ethane-manganese(II): structure given in first source	2	1	0
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	2.93	4	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
bw 501c [no description available]	2.38	2	0
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	12.18	148	9	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
5-hydroxy-2-n,n-dipropylaminotetralin 5-hydroxy-2-N,N-dipropylaminotetralin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0
fiduxosin fiduxosin: fiduxosin (ABT-980) is the (3aR,9bR)-isomer; structure in first source	3.55	2	0
delta sleep-inducing peptide phosphate delta sleep-inducing peptide phosphate: DSIP analog phosphorylated at serine residue at position 7	1.97	1	0
fpl 59257 FPL 59257: abolishes cough response & partly inhibits bronchoconstriction produced by leukotrienes C & D	2.07	1	0
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	14.5	182	1
ly 97241 LY 97241: clofilium analog; blocks heart potassium channels; structure given in first source	2.06	1	0
ropivacaine Ropivacaine: An anilide used as a long-acting local anesthetic. It has a differential blocking effect on sensory and motor neurons.. ropivacaine : The piperidinecarboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline.. (S)-ropivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.	5.14	7	0	piperidinecarboxamide; ropivacaine	local anaesthetic
sb 203580 [no description available]	2.43	2	0	imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide	EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
zm 241385 ZM 241385: a high affinity radioligand selective for the A2a adenosine receptor	2.02	1	0	diamino-1,3,5-triazine
erlotinib [no description available]	4.26	5	0	aromatic ether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; terminal acetylenic compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist; protein kinase inhibitor
dicentrinone dicentrinone: from Ocotea leucoxylon; structure in first source	1.99	1	0
zeneca zd 6169 Zeneca ZD 6169: an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
dexketoprofen trometamol dexketoprofen trometamol: a water-soluble tromethamine salt of the racemic ketoprofen, rac(+-)-ketoprofen	3.43	1	1
dizocilpine [no description available]	2.98	4	0	secondary amino compound; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
ketoprofen [no description available]	2.03	1	0
mk 761 MK 761: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer; MK-761 refers to mono-HCl; structure in sixth source	1.96	1	0
nantenine, (+-)-isomer [no description available]	2.49	2	0
mdl 72832 MDL 72832: structure given in UD	1.99	1	0	azaspiro compound
melagatran [no description available]	2.96	4	0	azetidines; carboxamidine; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; secondary amino compound	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor
sibenadet sibenadet: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
emd 60263 EMD 60263: a thiadiazinone derivative; a Ca+2 sensitizer devoid of any phosphorodiesterase inhibiting properties; EMD 60264 is an enantiomer of EMD 60263; structure given in second source	2.06	1	0
bd 1047 N-(2-(3,4-Dichlorphenyl)ethyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,2-ethandiamin: sigma receptor ligand; putative sigma receptor antagonist with antidystonic activity	2.43	2	0	primary amine
mk 912 L 657743: structure given in first source	3.11	5	0
etravirine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aminopyrimidine; aromatic ether; dinitrile; organobromine compound	antiviral agent; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-o-(1-thiotriphosphate) 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate): RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure.	3.16	5	0
cp 100356 CP 100356: modulates multidrug resistance; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
nantenine nantenine: from Nandina domestica Thundberg; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.45	2	0	oxoaporphine alkaloid	metabolite
latrepirdine latrepirdine: structure	2.07	1	0	methylpyridines; pyridoindole	geroprotector
repinotan hydrochloride repinotan hydrochloride: 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist; structure in first source	2.01	1	0
troleandomycin Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	2.45	2	0	acetate ester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyketide; semisynthetic derivative	EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic
dexefaroxan dexefaroxan: an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
dronedarone Dronedarone: A non-iodinated derivative of amiodarone that is used for the treatment of ARRHYTHMIA.. dronedarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	3.59	2	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tesaglitazar tesaglitazar: structure in first source	2.74	3	0
ramelteon ramelteon: melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist	3.88	3	0	indanes
lapatinib [no description available]	4.63	4	0	furans; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
ensaculin Ensaculin: a neuronal activator; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
albaconazole albaconazole: UR-9825 is the (1R,2R)-isomer; structure in first source	3.41	1	0
bmy 7378 [no description available]	7.79	85	0
darunavir Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.	3.23	1	0	carbamate ester; furofuran; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
deferasirox Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.	3.87	3	0	benzoic acids; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; triazoles	iron chelator
bms204352 BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source	2.75	3	0
fosfluconazole fosfluconazole: prodrug of fluconazole	2.04	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	prodrug
dabigatran Dabigatran: A THROMBIN inhibitor which acts by binding and blocking thrombogenic activity and the prevention of thrombus formation. It is used to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic EMBOLISM in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.. dabigatran : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{[(4-carbamimidoylphenyl)amino]methyl}-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid with the secondary amoino group of N-pyridin-2-yl-beta-alanine. The active metabolite of the prodrug dabigatran etexilate, it acts as an anticoagulant which is used for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism.	2.08	1	0	aromatic amide; benzimidazoles; beta-alanine derivative; carboxamidine; pyridines	anticoagulant; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
tbc-11251 sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source	3.87	3	0	benzodioxoles
tolvaptan [no description available]	3.61	2	0	benzazepine; benzenedicarboxamide	aquaretic; vasopressin receptor antagonist
sorafenib [no description available]	3.87	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
dabuzalgron dabuzalgron: an alpha(1A/1L)-adrenoceptor partial agonist; structure in first source. dabuzalgron : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide which carries a chloro group at position 2, 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethoxy group at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. Its is a selective alpha-adrenoceptor agonist that is used in the treatment of urinary incontinence.	2.02	1	0	aromatic ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide	alpha-adrenergic agonist
lenalidomide [no description available]	3.61	2	0	aromatic amine; dicarboximide; isoindoles; piperidones	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; immunomodulator
solifenacin succinate Solifenacin Succinate: A quinuclidine and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and selective M3 MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST. It is used as a UROLOGIC AGENT in the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE.	5.1	3	1	isoquinolines
opc 28326 OPC 28326: a hindlimb vasodilator; structure in first source	2.41	2	0
regadenoson [no description available]	3.23	1	0	purine nucleoside
lacosamide Lacosamide: An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES.	3.61	2	0	N-acyl-amino acid
cp 101,606 traxoprodil mesylate: a selective NMDA antagonist; structure given in first source	2.73	3	0
cholic acid Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.	2.46	2	0	12alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; 7alpha-hydroxy steroid; bile acid; C24-steroid; trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.	2.05	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C29-steroid; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	anticholesteremic drug; antioxidant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
estradiol 3-benzoate 17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of benzoic acid with the phenolic hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol.	2.02	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; benzoate ester	estrogen receptor agonist; xenoestrogen
cortisone [no description available]	2.98	4	0	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
3-cyanoindole [no description available]	2.06	1	0
vincaleukoblastine [no description available]	3.87	3	0	acetate ester; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite
2-hydroxyestradiol 2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2.	1.96	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-hydroxy steroid	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug
epitrate (S)-adrenaline : The S-enantiomer of adrenaline.	1.98	1	0	4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
vincristine sulfate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic sulfate salt	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector
19-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione [no description available]	1.97	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 19-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; androstanoid	mouse metabolite
pheophorbide a pheophorbide a: split product of chlorophyll obtained by saponification of pheophytin	2.43	2	0
benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.	4.63	10	0
potassium bromide potassium bromide : A metal bromide salt with a K(+) counterion.	1.96	1	0	potassium salt
benzarone benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure	3.59	2	0	1-benzofurans
nsc-89199 estramustine phosphate : A steroid phosphate which is the 17-O-phospho derivative of estramustine.	2.45	2	0	carbamate ester; organochlorine compound; steroid phosphate
estramustine Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.	3.85	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; carbamate ester; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; radiation protective agent
metribolone Metribolone: A synthetic non-aromatizable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumors.. 17beta-hydroxy-17-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one : A synthetic non-aromatisable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumors.	1.97	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	androgen
acetylstrophanthidin acetylstrophanthidin: structure. acetylstrophanthidin : An acetate ester that is strophanidin acetylated at the 3beta-hydroxy group.	2.38	2	0	acetate ester	anti-arrhythmia drug
phenethicillin phenethicillin: minor descriptor (85); major descriptor (63-84); on-line search PENICILLIN, PHENOXYMETHYL/AA (66-85); Index Medicus search PHENETHICILLIN (63-84); RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer. phenethicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-phenoxypropanamido group.	2.46	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
noscapine Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.	2.75	3	0	aromatic ether; benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; cyclic acetal; isobenzofuranone; organic heterobicyclic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antitussive; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
(RS)-coclaurine [no description available]	1.99	1	0	coclaurine
homoharringtonine Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.	2.05	1	0	alkaloid ester; enol ether; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; protein synthesis inhibitor
acivicin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	isoxazoles; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	antileishmanial agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor; glutamine antagonist; metabolite
wortmannin [no description available]	3.13	5	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent
sorbinil sorbinil: aldose reductase inhibitor. sorbinil : An azaspiro compound having a monofluoro-substituted chromane skeleton spiro-linked to an imidazolidinedione ring.	2.92	1	0	azaspiro compound; chromanes; imidazolidinone; organofluorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
indole-3-acetonitrile indole-3-acetonitrile: occurs in edible cruciferous vegetables. indole-3-acetonitrile : A nitrile that is acetonitrile where one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.	2.06	1	0	indoles; nitrile	auxin; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.	2.02	1	0
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; organochlorine compound; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid; spiro-epoxide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor; retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
taurochenodeoxycholic acid Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilize fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurochenodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurochenodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. taurochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of chenodeoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
bortezomib [no description available]	4.08	4	0	amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor
calcein am calcein AM: a non-fluorescent compound cleaved to a fluorescent compound by non-specific intracellular esterases. calcein am : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is calcein in which all four carboxy group hydrogens have been substituted by (acetyloxy)methoxy groups and the hyrodgens of the two hydroxy groups have been substituted by acetyl groups. It is a a non-fluorescent probe cleaved to a fluorescent probe by non-specific intracellular esterases.	3.13	5	0	2-benzofurans; acetate ester; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; xanthene dye	fluorochrome
ritonavir Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	5.17	14	0	1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; carboxamide; L-valine derivative; ureas	antiviral drug; environmental contaminant; HIV protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
tryptoquivaline fumitremorgin C : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a mycotoxic indole alkaloid produced by several fungi. A potent and specific inhibitor of the breast cancer resistance protein multidrug transporter.	2	1	0	aromatic ether; indole alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor; mycotoxin
nexavar [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organosulfonate salt
dihydropyridines Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.	7.3	33	1
carboplatin [no description available]	1.99	1	0
rimiterol rimiterol: was heading 1977-94 (see under CATECHOLS 1977-90); use CATECHOLS to search RIMITEROL 1977-94; predominantly a beta 2 stimulant, therefore affects the cardiovascular system less than isoproterenol, but its action is of shorter duration than that of albuterol	2.43	2	0	catechols
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.	3.68	10	0	inorganic chloride; lithium salt	antimanic drug; geroprotector
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	6.48	14	1
bradykinin [no description available]	8.93	13	0	oligopeptide	human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	2.7	3	0	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
naringenin (S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.	2.46	2	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; naringenin	expectorant; plant metabolite
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.	5.04	13	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone	oxytocic; vasodilator agent
3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid: from S. miltiorhiza Bge; dilates coronary artery; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.1	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; catechols
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin.	4.69	29	0	myo-inositol trisphosphate	mouse metabolite
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.	9.79	32	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite
salicin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; aryl beta-D-glucoside; benzyl alcohols	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
amastatin amastatin: structure; inhibits aminopeptidase. amastatin : A tetrapeptide comprising (2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoyl, L-valyl, L-valyl and L-aspartic acid units joined in sequence	1.99	1	0	tetrapeptide	EC 3.4.11.* (aminopeptidase) inhibitor; protease inhibitor
puromycin [no description available]	2.42	2	0	puromycins	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor; nucleoside antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor
taxifolin (+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.	2.04	1	0	taxifolin	metabolite
reticuline reticuline: opium alkaloid; dopamine receptor blocker; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. (S)-reticuline : The (S)-enantiomer of reticuline.	1.99	1	0	reticuline	EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor
pentostatin Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.	3.85	3	0	coformycins	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
monoiodotyrosine Monoiodotyrosine: A product from the iodination of tyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE), tyrosine is first iodized to monoiodotyrosine.. iodotyrosine : A tyrosine derivative which has at least one iodo-substituent on the benzyl moiety.. monoiodotyrosine : An iodotyrosine carrying a single iodo substituent.. 3-iodo-L-tyrosine : The monoiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying an iodo-substituent at position C-3 of the benzyl group.	2.45	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-tyrosine derivative; monoiodotyrosine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
taurolithocholic acid Taurolithocholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from lithocholic acid conjugation with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It solubilizes fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurolithocholic acid : The bile acid taurine conjugate of lithocholic acid.	2.46	2	0	bile acid taurine conjugate; monocarboxylic acid amide	human metabolite
nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.	4.44	22	0	guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
xylose 1-phosphate xylose 1-phosphate: RN refers to (D)-isomer. alpha-D-xylose 1-phosphate : A xylose phosphate that is alpha-D-xylose carrying a phosphate group at position 1.	1.96	1	0	xylose phosphate
tetrahydrocolumbamine tetrahydrocolumbamine: a dopamine receptor ligand; from Polygala tenuifolia; structure given in first source. (S)-tetrahydrocolumbamine : A berberine alkaloid consisting of columbamine having four extra hydrogens at positions 5, 8, 13 and 13a and (S)-configuration.	1.98	1	0	berberine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound
2-hydroxyestrone 2-hydroxyestrone: catechol estrogen which is a major metabolite of estradiol in man & animals; RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-hydroxyestrone : A 2-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.	1.96	1	0	2-hydroxy steroid; catechols	human metabolite
strychnine Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position.	3.86	12	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteroheptacyclic compound	avicide; cholinergic antagonist; glycine receptor antagonist; neurotransmitter agent; rodenticide
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	6.84	34	0	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
meropenem Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.	4.41	6	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; carbapenemcarboxylic acid; organic sulfide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug; drug allergen
griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.	4.61	8	0	1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite
monensin Monensin: An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.. monensin A : A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle.	3.24	6	0	cyclic hemiketal; monocarboxylic acid; polyether antibiotic; spiroketal	antifungal agent; coccidiostat; ionophore
cefoxitin Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.	3.84	3	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; cephamycin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.	3.3	6	0	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.	5.23	15	0	L-asparagine derivative; quinolines	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
pancuronium Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.	4.03	4	0	acetate ester; steroid ester	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
rocuronium Rocuronium: An androstanol non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. It has a mono-quaternary structure and is a weaker nicotinic antagonist than PANCURONIUM.. rocuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.	2.04	1	0	3alpha-hydroxy steroid; acetate ester; androstane; morpholines; quaternary ammonium ion; tertiary amino compound	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
abacavir abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.	4.07	4	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; drug allergen; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
netilmicin Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.	2.95	4	0
trimethaphan camsylate trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.	2.05	1	0
perindopril erbumine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	addition compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
miglitol [no description available]	4.26	5	0	piperidines
metyrosine alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.	3.56	2	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
rocuronium bromide rocuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.	2.45	2	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
erythromycin estolate Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.	2.46	2	0	aminoglycoside sulfate salt; erythromycin derivative	enzyme inhibitor
terconazole terconazole: structure & RN for (cis)-isomer from first source. terconazole : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-terconazole. It has broad-spectrum antifungal activitiy and is used for the treatment of vaginal yeast infections (Candida).. (2R,4S)-terconazole : A 1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine in which positions 2 and 4 of the 1,3-dioxolane moiety have R and S configuration, respectively.	2.44	2	0	1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine
bacampicillin bacampicillin: ester prodrug that is hydrolyzed to ampicillin after its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bacampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the 1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a semi-synthetic, microbiologically inactive prodrug of ampicillin.	2.02	1	0	penicillanic acid ester	prodrug
linezolid [no description available]	4.54	7	0	acetamides; morpholines; organofluorine compound; oxazolidinone	antibacterial drug; protein synthesis inhibitor
(S)-bicalutamide (S)-bicalutamide : A N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide that is the (S)-enantiomer of bicalutamide.	2.07	1	0	N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide
ryanodine Ryanodine: A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.. ryanodine : An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa.	3.61	9	0
brucine brucine: was heading 1991-94 (see under STRYCHNINE 1975-90); DIMETHOXYSTRYCHNINE was see BRUCINE 1975-94; use STRYCHNINE to search BRUCINE 1975-94; very toxic alkaloid from Nux vomica similar to strychnine; used as reagent in analytical chemistry; was MH 1991-94	2	1	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteroheptacyclic compound
phorbol phorbol: RN given refers to (1aR-(1a alpha,1b beta,4a beta,7a alpha,7b alpha,8 alpha,9 beta,9b beta))-isomer; synonym isophorbol refers to (4a alpha)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7143. phorbol : A diterpenoid with the structure of tigliane hydroxylated at C-4, -9, -12(beta), -13 and -20, with an oxo group at C-3 and unsaturation at the 1- and 6-positions.	1.99	1	0	cyclic ketone; enone; tertiary alcohol; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid
n-methylactinodaphnine N-methylactinodaphnine: isolated from Illigera luzonensis; structure given in first source	2.39	2	0	aporphine alkaloid
picrotoxinin [no description available]	3.55	8	0	epoxide; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid; tertiary alcohol	GABA antagonist; plant metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
naringin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; neohesperidoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
gingerol gingerol: an active ingredient in GINGER along with SHOGAOL. a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone. gingerol : A beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1; believed to inhibit adipogenesis. It is a constituent of fresh ginger.	1.98	1	0	beta-hydroxy ketone; guaiacols	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
cyclopamine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	piperidines	glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
lignans Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	2.03	1	0
bq 123 cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu): derived from the modification of a natural lead of BE-18257B, an endothelin A receptor antagonist; has neuroprotective activity; amino acid sequence given in first source	3.26	6	0	cyclic peptide
n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor.	2.71	3	0	tripeptide
enkephalin, methionine [no description available]	1.98	1	0	pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion	analgesic; antineoplastic agent; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist
devazepide Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.	2.75	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; indolecarboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cholecystokinin antagonist; gastrointestinal drug
teprotide Teprotide: A synthetic nonapeptide (Pyr-Trp-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gln-Ile-Pro-Pro) which is identical to the peptide from the venom of the snake, Bothrops jararaca. It inhibits kininase II and ANGIOTENSIN I and has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.	3.75	3	0	peptide
chloramphenicol palmitate chloramphenicol palmitate: RN given refers to ((R-(R,R))-isomer)	2.03	1	0	hexadecanoate ester
clindamycin phosphate [no description available]	3.23	1	0
pemirolast potassium salt [no description available]	2.08	1	0
eplerenone Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	3.61	2	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; epoxy steroid; gamma-lactone; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; steroid acid ester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent
tolterodine [no description available]	4.4	6	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant
ergonovine Ergonovine: An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE contractile properties.. ergometrine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is lysergamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl group (S-configuration). An ergot alkaloid that has a particularly powerful action on the uterus, its maleate (and formerly tartrate) salt is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced.	3.07	5	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	diagnostic agent; fungal metabolite; oxytocic; toxin
doxorubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	anthracycline
halcinonide Halcinonide: A glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of DERMATITIS; ECZEMA; or PSORIASIS. It may cause skin irritation.	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity	SMO receptor agonist
metrizamide Metrizamide: A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium.	2.07	1	0	amino sugar
medigoxin Medigoxin: A semisynthetic digitalis glycoside with the general properties of DIGOXIN but more rapid onset of action. Its cardiotonic action is prolonged by its demethylation to DIGOXIN in the liver. It has been used in the treatment of congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).	1.95	1	0	cardenolide glycoside
dironyl dironyl: pronounced antifertility agent in rats; lactation suppressor in other species; serotonin antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2	1	0	organic molecular entity
erythromycin ethylsuccinate Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.	2.44	2	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin derivative; ethyl ester; succinate ester
amcinonide amcinonide: structure	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; spiroketal	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone acetate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; fluorinated steroid; steroid ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
ao 128 AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.47	2	0	organic molecular entity
loteprednol etabonate Loteprednol Etabonate: An androstadiene derivative corticosteroid that is used as an ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENT for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic eye conditions.	2.08	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; etabonate ester; organochlorine compound; steroid acid ester; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
darifenacin darifenacin : 2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.	5.01	4	0	1-benzofurans; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidines	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
dihydroergocristine monomesylate dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.	2.05	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
fluticasone propionate fluticasone propionate : A trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a propionyl substituent at position 17; has anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic and anti-allergic activity.	2.46	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; propanoate ester; steroid ester; thioester	adrenergic agent; anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; dermatologic drug
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	2.75	3	0	cyclodextrin
acarbose [no description available]	3.3	6	0	amino cyclitol; glycoside
maleic acid maleic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer which is maleic acid; all RR's given refer to (Z)-isomer; (E)-isomer is fumaric acid. maleic acid : A butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration.	2.25	1	0	butenedioic acid	algal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
ergosterol [no description available]	2.15	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols	fungal metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	4.4	6	0	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.	5.09	14	0	icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid	Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phosphoramidon phosphoramidon: a membrane metallo-endopeptidase & endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor; thermolysin inhibitor from culture filtrate of Streptomyces tanashiensis; structure. phosphoramidon : A dipeptide isolated from the cultures of Streptomyces tanashiensis.	2.69	3	0	deoxyaldohexose phosphate; dipeptide	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.4.24.11 (neprilysin) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.71 (endothelin-converting enzyme 1) inhibitor
1-(5'-phospho-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)barbituric acid 6-oxouridine 5'-phosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate that is the 6-oxo derivative of UMP.	1.96	1	0	pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	2.46	2	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	3.59	2	0	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.	2.05	1	0	D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.	2.05	1	0	docosahexaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	algal metabolite; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.	2.69	3	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent
tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.	5.07	13	0	macrolide lactam	bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
cerivastatin cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	3.31	6	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pyridines; statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).	4.55	7	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidines; statin (synthetic); sulfonamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; cardioprotective agent; CETP inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.	7.21	122	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.	2.05	1	0	icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine: glutamate receptor antagonist. (S)-alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a 4-carboxyphenyl group (the S-enantiomer). It is a non-selective group I/group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist.	2.05	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.	3.52	8	0	butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	4.06	4	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic
mupirocin Mupirocin: A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.. mupirocin : An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.	2.45	2	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester; epoxide; monocarboxylic acid; oxanes; secondary alcohol; triol	antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.	4.41	6	0
fosfomycin Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.	4.54	7	0	epoxide; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.	4.75	9	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
drf 2725 ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma	2.05	1	0
y 27632 Y 27632: RN given for di-HCl salt; inhibits Rho-associated protein kinase; inhibits calcium sensitization to affect smooth muscle relaxation; structure in first source. Y-27632 : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme.	2.02	1	0	aromatic amide
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group.	3.46	7	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
benzoylecgonine benzoylecgonine: cocaine is benzoyl methyl ecgonine; RN given refers to (1R-(exo,exo))-isomer; structure. ecgonine benzoate : A benzoate ester metabolite of cocaine formed by hydrolysis of the methyl ester group, catalysed by carboxylesterases.	1.98	1	0	benzoate ester; tropane alkaloid	epitope; human xenobiotic metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
prostaglandin d2 Prostaglandin D2: The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesized by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects.. prostaglandin D2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins D that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9 and 15 and an oxo group at position 11 (the 5Z,9alpha,13E,15S- stereoisomer).	2.38	2	0	prostaglandins D	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.	3.41	7	0	olefinic compound; polyphenol	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen
bms 214662 7-cyano-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-4-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine: a farnesyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source. BMS-214662 : A member of the class of benzodiazepines that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine substituted by (1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl, benzyl, (thiophen-2-yl)sulfonyl, and cyano groups at positions 1, 3R, 4 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (IC50 = 1.35nM) which was under clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors.	2.04	1	0	benzenes; benzodiazepine; imidazoles; nitrile; sulfonamide; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor
octreotide [no description available]	3.23	1	0
eptifibatide [no description available]	3.58	2	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; organic disulfide	anticoagulant; platelet aggregation inhibitor
alitretinoin Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.	2.05	1	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; metabolite; retinoid X receptor agonist
h 89 N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.93	4	0	N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
gs 4071 GS 4071: The acid form.. oseltamivir acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 5 by pentan-3-yloxy, acetamido, and amino groups, respectively (the 3R,4R,5S enantiomer). An antiviral drug, it is used as the corresponding ethyl ester prodrug, oseltamivir, to slow the spread of influenza.	2.74	3	0	acetate ester; amino acid; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid; primary amino compound	antiviral drug; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; marine xenobiotic metabolite
imidazolidines [no description available]	3.3	2	0	azacycloalkane; imidazolidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
decitabine [no description available]	4.26	5	0	2'-deoxyribonucleoside
sm 8668 Sch 39304: Sch 42427 is the active entantiomer of the antifungal agent Sch 39304 which consists of Sch 42426 & Sch 42427; Sch 42426, the (S,S)-isomer, is inactive	2.74	3	0
phorbol-12,13-didecanoate phorbol-12,13-didecanoate: RN given refers to (1aR-(1a alpha,1b beta,4a beta,7a alpha,7b alpha,8 alpha,9 beta,9a alpha))-isomer	1.96	1	0
teniposide [no description available]	4.54	7	0	aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside; cyclic acetal; furonaphthodioxole; gamma-lactone; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
troxacitabine troxacitabine: shows good anti-HIV activity without cytotoxicity	2.04	1	0	carbohydrate derivative; nucleobase-containing molecular entity
kt 5720 KT 5720: indolocarbazole; synthetic derivative of K 252a. KT 5720 : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of hexyl (3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (the 2R,3S,5S product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.	2.7	3	0	carboxylic ester; gamma-lactam; hemiaminal; indolocarbazole; organic heterooctacyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary alcohol	EC 2.7.11.11 (cAMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor
valrubicin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	anthracycline; trifluoroacetamide
ketoconazole (2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.	2.25	1	0	cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
cefamandole Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.	3.14	5	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	5.23	16	0	actinomycin	mutagen
tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).	2.45	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug
melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.	4.66	8	0	L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
sitafloxacin [no description available]	2.74	3	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolines; quinolone antibiotic
enkephalin, leucine Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties.	3.58	9	0	pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion	analgesic; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; rat metabolite
tenofovir tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	4.26	5	0	nucleoside analogue; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
posaconazole [no description available]	3.87	3	0	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxolanes; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	trypanocidal drug
dibekacin Dibekacin: Analog of KANAMYCIN with antitubercular as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.. dibekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B lacking the 3- and 4-hydroxy groups on the 2,6-diaminosugar ring.	2.04	1	0	kanamycins	antibacterial agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
rubitecan rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.	2.47	2	0	C-nitro compound; delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
micafungin Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.	3.86	3	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; echinocandin	antiinfective agent
favipiravir favipiravir : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine substituted by aminocarbonyl, hydroxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3 and 6, respectively. It is an anti-viral agent that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of several RNA viruses and is approved for the treatment of influenza in Japan.	2.21	1	0	hydroxypyrazine; organofluorine compound; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor
riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).	3.84	3	0	flavin; vitamin B2	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.	3.59	2	0	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antacid; food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	NMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
arsenic trioxide Tetraarsenic Oxide: A form of As2O3 that exists as As4O6 in the solid state. It dissociates to As2O3 upon heating to the vapor phase above 800 degrees Celsius.	3.23	1	0	arsenic oxide	antineoplastic agent; insecticide
2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy-3-carboxylic acid 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy-3-carboxylic acid: structure given in first source	2.02	1	0	aminoxyls; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid
dipyrone Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.	3	4	0	organic sodium salt	anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
ditiocarb sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.	2.02	1	0	2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
ar-c239 AR-C239: structure given in first source; alpha(2B)-selective adrenoreceptor	3.79	11	0	piperazines
2-(1-piperazinyl)-4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline 2-(1-piperazinyl)-4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline: prazosin metabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.7	3	0
artemisin [no description available]	2.06	1	0
sch 22219 alclometasone dipropionate : A prednisolone compound having an alpha-chloro substituent at the 7-position, an alpha-methyl substituent at the 16-position and O-propanoyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
sr 90107 fondaparinux sodium : An organic sodium salt, being the decasodium salt of fondaparinux.	3.23	1	0
carbenoxolone [no description available]	2.05	1	0
meglumine iodipamide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	organoammonium salt	radioopaque medium
cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.	2.05	1	0	3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes	antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent
isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.37	2	0	isomethyleugenol
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	2.06	1	0	stilbene
thyrotropin-releasing hormone PR 546: no other info available 9/89. protirelin : A tripeptide composed of L-pyroglutamyl, L-histidyl and L-prolinamide residues joined in sequence.	3.23	1	0	peptide hormone; tripeptide	human metabolite
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	chloroquine
rauwolscine Rauwolscine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.	5.61	14	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate
discodermolide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	diterpenoid
dextromethadone D-methadone: an NMDA receptor antagonist analgesic that lacks opioid activity. dextromethadone : A 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one that has (S)-configuration. It is the less active enantiomer of methadone and has very little activity on opioid receptors and mainly responsible for the inhibition of hERG K+ channels and thus for cardiac toxicity. The drug is currently under clinical development for the treatment of major depressive disorder.	2.03	1	0	6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one	NMDA receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic
cannabidiol Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.	2.05	1	0	olefinic compound; phytocannabinoid; resorcinols	antimicrobial agent; plant metabolite
buprenorphine Buprenorphine: A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.. buprenorphine : A morphinane alkaloid that is 7,8-dihydromorphine 6-O-methyl ether in which positions 6 and 14 are joined by a -CH2CH2- bridge, one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl, and a hydrogen at position 7 is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl group. It is highly effective for the treatment of opioid use disorder and is also increasingly being used in the treatment of chronic pain.	3.43	1	1	morphinane alkaloid	delta-opioid receptor antagonist; kappa-opioid receptor antagonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
lypressin Lypressin: The porcine antidiuretic hormone (VASOPRESSINS). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from ARG-VASOPRESSIN by one amino acid, containing a LYSINE at residue 8 instead of an ARGININE. Lys-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.	4.05	3	1	cyclic peptide
arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.	9.12	49	3	vasopressin	cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen
etorphine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	alcohol; morphinane alkaloid	opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; sedative
s 1033 [no description available]	4.11	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; imidazoles; pyridines; pyrimidines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
calmidazolium calmidazolium chloride : The organic choride salt of calmidazolium.	2.1	1	0	organic chloride salt	apoptosis inducer; calmodulin antagonist
azidopine azidopine: structure given in first source	3.38	7	0	benzamides
mezlocillin Mezlocillin: Semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin. It has been proposed for infections with certain anaerobes and may be useful in inner ear, bile, and CNS infections.. mezlocillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-[3-(methanesulfonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.73	3	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
trilostane trilostane: inhibits conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone; adrenal blocking agent used in treatment of Cushing's syndrome. trilostane : An epoxy steroid that is 3,17beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-androst-2-ene-2-carbonitrile in which the oxygen of the epoxy group is joined to the 4alpha and 5 alpha positions.	2.08	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; epoxy steroid; nitrile	abortifacient; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.210 [3beta(or 20alpha)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase] inhibitor
methylatropine methylatropine: RN given refers to endo-(+-)-isomer; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3766	3.8	11	0
canrenoic acid Canrenoic Acid: A synthetic pregnadiene derivative with anti-aldosterone activity.	1.97	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid
cholinophyllin [no description available]	2.02	1	0
tropisetron Tropisetron: An indole derivative and 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist that is used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting.. tropisetron : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of tropine.	2.71	3	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
benidipine benidipine: RN refers to (R,R)-(+-)-isomer	3.38	1	1
leuprolide acetate leuprolide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining the nonapeptide leuprolide with acetic acid. A long lasting GnRH analog, LH-Rh agonist. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	2.08	1	0	acetate salt	antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
leuprolide Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	4.31	3	0	oligopeptide	anti-estrogen; antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
fludarabine [no description available]	2.43	2	0	purine nucleoside
propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.	5.19	15	0	pyrimidinethione	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antimetabolite; antioxidant; antithyroid drug; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; hormone antagonist
ipratropium bromide anhydrous [no description available]	2.02	1	0
r 59949 R 59949: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor	2.44	2	0	diarylmethane
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine [no description available]	2.02	1	0
prothionamide Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.	2.05	1	0	pyridines
sesquiterpenes [no description available]	2.39	2	0
chlorprothixene Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.	3.26	6	0	chlorprothixene
etomidate Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.	4.25	5	0	ethyl ester; imidazoles	intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.	4.53	7	0	aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
methylthiouracil Methylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	2.07	1	0	pyrimidone
dexketoprofen dexketoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is (S)-hydratropic acid substituted at position 3 on the phenyl ring by a benzoyl group. A cyclooxygenase inhibitor, it is used to relieve short-term pain, such as muscular pain, dental pain and dysmenorrhoea.	2.03	1	0	benzophenones; monocarboxylic acid	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
bemesetron [no description available]	3.76	10	0
(e)-3-(4-t-butylphenyl)-n-(2,3-dihydrobenzo(b)(1,4)dioxin-6-yl)acrylamide 3-(4-t-butylphenyl)-N-(2,3-dihydrobenzo(b)(1,4)dioxin-6-yl)acrylamide: a vanilloid receptor 1 antagonist and antihyperalgesic agent; structure in first source	2.11	1	0
crotamiton [no description available]	2.07	1	0
levosulpiride (S)-(-)-sulpiride : An optically active form of sulpiride having (S)-configuration. The active enantiomer of the racemic drug sulpiride. Selective D2-like dopamine antagonist (Ki values are ~ 0.015. ~ 0.013, 1, ~ 45 and ~ 77 muM at D2, D3, D4, D1 and D5 receptors respectively).	2.08	1	0	sulpiride	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.	2	1	0	caffeic acid	geroprotector; mouse metabolite
ondansetron, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
pyrantel Pyrantel: A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920). pyrantel : A carboxamidine that is 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine that is substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and at position 2 by an (E)-2-(2-thienyl)vinyl group. It is used, particularly as the embonate [4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate)] salt, as an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal nematodes including threadworms, roundworms and hookworms, and is included in the WHO 'Model List of Essential Medicines'.	3.23	1	0	1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines; carboxamidine; thiophenes	antinematodal drug
phenylthiazolylthiourea Phenylthiazolylthiourea: A dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor.	1.96	1	0
cotinine Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.	2.45	2	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid	antidepressant; biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
flunarizine Flunarizine: Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.	2.91	4	0	diarylmethane
thiothixene [no description available]	4.03	4	0	N-methylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent
eszopiclone Eszopiclone: A pyridine, pyrazine, and piperazine derivative that is used as a HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE in the treatment of INSOMNIA.. eszopiclone : The (5S)- (active) enantiomer of zopiclone. Unlike almost all other hypnotic sedatives, which are approved only for the relief of short-term (6-8 weeks) insomnia, eszopiclone is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term use.	3.86	3	0	zopiclone	central nervous system depressant; sedative
dieldrin Dieldrin: An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB). dieldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of aldrin. It is the active metabolite of the proinsecticde aldrin.	1.96	1	0	epoxide; organochlorine compound; organochlorine insecticide	carcinogenic agent; xenobiotic
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	3.3	6	0	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
benztropine Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	4.22	5	0	diarylmethane
6-thioxanthine 6-thioxanthine: gpt/6-TXenzyme/prodrug pair is a promising alternative to the thymidine kinase gene and ganciclovir combination in the gene therapy of cancer	2.03	1	0
nootkatone nootkatone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source. (+)-nootkatone : A sesquiterpenoid that is 4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2(3H)-one which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4 and 4a, and by an isopropenyl group at position 6 (the 4R,4aS,6R stereoisomer).	2.07	1	0	carbobicyclic compound; enone; sesquiterpenoid	fragrance; insect repellent; plant metabolite
methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.	4.64	8	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones	antithyroid drug
cinnarizine Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.	3.49	8	0	diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine; olefinic compound	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
sulindac Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.	5.01	12	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.	4.2	17	0	capsaicinoid	non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
enclomiphene Enclomiphene: The trans or (E)-isomer of clomiphene.	2.02	1	0
zuclomiphene Zuclomiphene: The cis or (Z)-isomer of clomiphene.	2.06	1	0	stilbenoid
metiamide Metiamide: A histamine H2 receptor antagonist that is used as an anti-ulcer agent.	2.65	3	0	imidazoles
terbinafine [no description available]	4.23	5	0	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
epalrestat epalrestat : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1,3-thiazolidine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a carboxymethyl group, at positions 2 and 4 by thioxo and oxo groups, respectively, and at position 5 by a 2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene group. It is an inhibitor of aldose reductase (which catalyses the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and is used for the treatment of some diabetic complications, including neuropathy.	2.55	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; thiazolidines	EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone 3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone: a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitor; structure in first source	2.06	1	0
drotaverin drotaverin: Hungarian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.15	5	0	isoquinolines
thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.	3.85	3	0	2-aminopurines	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
tacrine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	2	1	0	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
sodium propionate sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	antifungal drug; food preservative
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	5.27	6	0	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
succimer Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning.	3.56	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; dithiol; sulfur-containing carboxylic acid	chelator
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	7.98	39	1	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
bml 241 BML 241: inhibits increase of intracellular calcium ion concentration; conflicting evidence of whether it acts on sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors	2.03	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid
streptozocin [no description available]	3.85	3	0
capsazepine capsazepine: modified capsaicin molecule; a capsaicin receptor antagonist. capsazepine : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist.	2.02	1	0	benzazepine; catechols; monochlorobenzenes; thioureas	capsaicin receptor antagonist
tamoxifen [no description available]	5.22	15	0	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
sodium taurodeoxycholate Taurodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier.. taurodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.. taurodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurodeoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
nadp [no description available]	2.03	1	0
8-azidoadenosine 5'-triphosphate [no description available]	3.26	6	0
ethionamide Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.	4.07	4	0	pyridines; thiocarboxamide	antilipemic drug; antitubercular agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor; leprostatic drug; prodrug
cancidas [no description available]	3.58	2	0
fusidic acid Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.	3.14	5	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid; steroid antibiotic; sterol ester	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
scopolamine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	3-hydroxy carboxylic acid
hirsutine, (16e,20beta)-isomer [no description available]	2.25	1	0	alkaloid	metabolite
lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.	4.08	4	0	carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
valinomycin Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.	2.94	4	0	cyclodepsipeptide; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; antiviral agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
thiopental Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	3.1	5	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative; xenobiotic
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	3.44	7	0	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
ranitidine Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.	4.75	5	0	C-nitro compound; furans; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; H2-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
aplaviroc aplaviroc: a spiro-diketo-piperazine; a potent noncompetitive allosteric antagonist of the CCR5 receptor with concomitantly potent antiviral effects for HIV-1; structure in first source	3.23	1	0
hmr 3647 [no description available]	4.54	7	0
latoconazole latoconazole: RN refers to cpd without isomeric designation; latoconazole is (E)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.08	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug
maraviroc [no description available]	3.89	3	0	tropane alkaloid
toremifene citrate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	stilbenoid	anticoronaviral agent
toremifene Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.	4.11	4	0	aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amine	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
u 0126 U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.72	3	0	aryl sulfide; dinitrile; enamine; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; osteogenesis regulator; vasoconstrictor agent
telaprevir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cyclopentapyrrole; cyclopropanes; oligopeptide; pyrazines	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic
nelarabine nelarabine: prodrug of ara-G. nelarabine : A purine nucleoside in which O-methylguanine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Inhibits DNA synthesis and causes cell death; a prodrug of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G).	3.87	3	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; prodrug
glycylproline Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group.	2.07	1	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide	metabolite
4-diphenylacetoxy-n-methylpiperidine methiodide 4-DAMP methiodide : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by combining equimolar amounts of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine and iodomethane.	3.77	10	0	iodide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
6,7-dichloro-3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid 6,7-dichloro-3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid: antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and kainate receptors; structure given in first source	2.25	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
2-[(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine [no description available]	2.74	3	0	aromatic ether
lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.	4.27	19	0	alkali metal atom
thiamylal Thiamylal: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration, for the induction of general anesthesia, or for inducing a hypnotic state. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p919). thiamylal : A member of the class of barbiturates that is 2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by a pentan-2-yl and prop-2-en-1-yl group at position 5.	2.38	2	0	barbiturates; organosulfur compound	sedative
thiobutabarbital thiobutabarbital: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.39	2	0
cobaltous chloride cobaltous chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; RN in Chemline for cobalt trichloride: 10241-04-0; RN for 60-labeled cpd: 14543-09-0; RN for 57-labeled cpd: 164113-89-1; RN for 58-labeled cpd: 29377-09-1; structure. cobalt dichloride : A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is chloride. It is used as an indicator for water in desiccants.	2.01	1	0	cobalt salt; inorganic chloride	allergen; calcium channel blocker; sensitiser; two-colour indicator
dermatan sulfate Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.	3.23	1	0	amino disaccharide; glycosylgalactose derivative; iduronic acids; oligosaccharide sulfate
dezocine dezocine: potent analgesic; RN given refers to ((5R-(5alpha,11alpha,13S*)))-isomer (dezocin); structure. dezocine : (7S,8S)-7-Amino-8-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol in which the hydrogen at position 8 and one of the hydrogens at position 6 are substituted by each end of a tetramethylene bridge. A synthetic opioid analgesic, it has mixed opiod agonist and antagonist properties. Although it is used for pain management, it can produce opioid withdrawal syndrome in patients already dependent on other opioids, and its clinical application is limited by side effects such as dizziness.	2.02	1	0	phenols; primary amino compound	opioid analgesic
adrafinil [no description available]	2.88	4	0	diarylmethane
dapiprazole [no description available]	2.02	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; pyridines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; miotic; ophthalmology drug
droloxifene [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
raclopride Raclopride: A substituted benzamide that has antipsychotic properties. It is a dopamine D2 receptor (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D2) antagonist.	4.2	17	0	salicylamides
dolasetron [no description available]	3.84	3	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
or 1259 [no description available]	2.45	2	0	hydrazone; nitrile; pyridazinone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
almokalant almokalant: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
gestodene Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer	2.75	3	0	steroid	estrogen
orlistat Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.	3.87	3	0	beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative	anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene idoxifene: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
quinine [no description available]	5.33	17	0	cinchona alkaloid	antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic
zofenoprilate zofenoprilate: RN given refers to ((1(R*),2alpha,4alpha)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 9/90. zofenoprilat : A proline derivative that is 4-(phenylsulfanyl)-L-proline in which the amine proton is replaced by a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. The active metabolite of zofenopril.	2	1	0	aryl sulfide; L-proline derivative; N-acyl-L-amino acid; thiol	anticonvulsant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
mitragynine [no description available]	2.25	1	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester [no description available]	2.42	2	0
glycodeoxycholic acid Glycodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol sulfate 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol sulfate: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locant for sulfate moiety	1.96	1	0	alcohol; phenols
glyceryl nonivamide N-(4-O-glycerol-3-methoxybenzyl)nonivamide: structure given in first source	2.06	1	0
thioperamide thioperamide: structure given in first source; histamine H3 receptor antagonist	2.39	2	0	primary aliphatic amine
s 9871 S 9871: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; structure in first source	1.97	1	0
u-50488 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer: A non-peptide, kappa-opioid receptor agonist which has also been found to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropin (ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE) via the release of hypothalamic arginine vasopressin (ARGININE VASOPRESSIN) and CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997;280(1):416-21). U50488 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid and the secondary amino group of (1R,2R)-N-methyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)cyclohexanamine	8.92	12	0	dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-alkylpyrrolidine	analgesic; antitussive; calcium channel blocker; diuretic; kappa-opioid receptor agonist
ly335979 [no description available]	2.25	1	0	carbopolycyclic compound
sch 23390 SCH 23390: a selective D1-receptor antagonist. SCH 23390 : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1, a methyl substituent at position 3, a chloro substituent at position 7 and a hydroxy substituent at position 8.	4.42	20	0	benzazepine
isepamicin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
ifetroban ifetroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; a 7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptane derivative	2.42	2	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
3'-o-(3-(n-(4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)amino)propionyl)adenosine-5'-triphosphate 3'-O-(3-(N-(4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)amino)propionyl)adenosine-5'-triphosphate: structure	2.65	3	0
lamifiban lamifiban: a nonpeptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist; prevents platelet loss during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass	2.04	1	0	N-acylglycine
fospropofol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	alkylbenzene
vx-745 [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aryl sulfide; dichlorobenzene; difluorobenzene; pyrimidopyridazine	anti-inflammatory drug; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
azilect [no description available]	2.08	1	0
rasagiline [no description available]	3.23	1	0	indanes; secondary amine; terminal acetylenic compound	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
ketazocine ketazocine: RN given refers to parent cpd(2S-(2alpha,6alpha,11S*))-isomer	1.96	1	0
deracoxib SC 046: structure in first source. deracoxib : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3, and 5 by 4-sulfamoylphenyl, difluoromethyl and 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl groups, respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs.	2.07	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dasatinib N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).	4.3	5	0	1,3-thiazoles; aminopyrimidine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
2-aminohippuric acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	N-acylglycine
tocainide, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
7-amino-8-iodoketanserin 7-amino-8-iodoketanserin: highly sensitive serotonin-S2 receptor ligand	1.97	1	0
sr 144528 SR 144528: a CB2 cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure in first source. SR 144528 : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of (1S,2S,4R)-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-amine. A potent and selective cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2 receptor) inverse agonist (Ki = 0.6 nM).	2.03	1	0	bridged compound; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles; secondary carboxamide	CB2 receptor antagonist; EC 2.3.1.26 (sterol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor
zd 6474 CH 331: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; organobromine compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines; secondary amine	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
telavancin telavancin: an anti-infective agent; structure in first source. telavancin : A glycopeptide that is vancomycin substituted at position N-3'' by a 2-(decylamino)ethyl group and at position C-29 by a (phosphonomethyl)aminomethyl group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of adults with complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by bacteria.	2.04	1	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
cyclo(l-leucyl-l-tryptophyl) cyclo(L-leucyl-L-tryptophyl): structure in first source	2.06	1	0
cactinomycin cactinomycin: a mixture of dactinomycin, actinomycin C2, and actinomycin C3	1.96	1	0
2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine 2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine: A2 adenosine receptor agonist; structure given in first source. CGS-21680 : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and the hydrogen at position 2 on the adenine is replaced by a 4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino group.	2.05	1	0	adenosines; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; monocarboxylic acid	adenosine A2A receptor agonist; anti-inflammatory agent
silybin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline: structure given in first source; neuroprotectant for cerebral ischemia; AMPA receptor antagonist	2.42	2	0	naphthalenes; sulfonic acid derivative
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	3.07	5	0
rs-130830 RS-130830: orally-active broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor	2.07	1	0
rs 100329 RS 100329: an alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor antagonist; structure in first source	3.92	12	0	piperazines
mtt formazan MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes	2	1	0
chloramine-t chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	allergen; antifouling biocide; disinfectant
sb 242084 6-chloro-5-methyl-1-((2-(2-methylpyrid-3-yloxy)pyrid-5-yl)carbamoyl)indoline: 5-HT(2C) receptor inverse agonist (antagonist); structure in first source	2.44	2	0
rs 102221 [no description available]	3.48	7	0	aromatic ketone
flavan-3-ol flavan-3-ol: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	hydroxyflavonoid
6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool.	3.6	9	0	quinoxaline derivative
zinc protoporphyrin ix [no description available]	2.03	1	0
rs 17053 [no description available]	4.35	6	0	indoles
fg 9041 FG 9041: structure given in first source	2.38	2	0	quinoxaline derivative
4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetraline 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetraline: melatonin receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.45	2	0	tetralins
mm 77 [no description available]	2	1	0	piperazines
3-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-1,5-dihydropyrimido[5,4-b]indole-2,4-dione [no description available]	2	1	0	piperazines; pyrimido-indole
2-phenylmelatonin [no description available]	2	1	0	phenylindole
a 61603 A 61603: a potent alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist; structure given in first source	4.21	17	0	tetralins
alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.	2.88	4	0
atrinositol [no description available]	2.01	1	0
d 609 [no description available]	1.99	1	0
4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline: RN given is for (R)-isomer; inhibits spinal reflex-enhancing effects of methamphetamine, phenylethylamine, and nomifensine	2.38	2	0	isoquinolines
5-methoxycarbonylamino-n-acetyltryptamine 5-methoxycarbonylamino-N-acetyltryptamine: an mt1/MT2 receptor agonist	2.75	3	0	acetamides
sitagliptin sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	4.55	7	0	triazolopyrazine; trifluorobenzene	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; hypoglycemic agent; serine proteinase inhibitor; xenobiotic
3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol 3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol: (-)-CP-55,940 and (+)-CP-56,667 are enantiomers; RN refers to CP-55,940	2.43	2	0	alkylbenzene; ring assembly
flosequinan [no description available]	2.44	2	0	quinolines
rhodamine 123 Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.	10.43	14	1	organic cation; xanthene dye	fluorochrome
tolcapone Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.	4.55	7	0	2-nitrophenols; benzophenones; catechols	antiparkinson drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
jnj 7777120 1-((5-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl)-4-methylpiperazine: an H4 receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
diclofenac sodium Diclofenac Sodium: The sodium form of DICLOFENAC. It is used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.. diclofenac sodium : The sodium salt of diclofenac.	2.31	1	0	organic sodium salt
sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.	2	1	0	sphing-4-enine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quercetin [no description available]	3.44	7	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
bilirubin [no description available]	2.41	2	0	biladienes; dicarboxylic acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	6.11	40	0	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.	6.04	28	1	monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
biochanin a [no description available]	2.04	1	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	2.04	1	0	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes	4.39	6	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol	antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
scopoletin [no description available]	2	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	plant growth regulator; plant metabolite
vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.	2.41	2	0
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	2.47	2	0	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
leukotriene c4 Leukotriene C4: The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene C4 : A leukotriene that is (5S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 6 via a sulfide linkage.	2.01	1	0	leukotriene	bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
thromboxane a2 Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation.	3.77	11	0	epoxy monocarboxylic acid; thromboxanes A	mouse metabolite
alprostadil [no description available]	7.45	16	1	prostaglandins E	anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
vitamin d 2 Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.	3.61	2	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-ergostane; vitamin D	bone density conservation agent; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; rodenticide
cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.	2.05	1	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone	geroprotector; human metabolite
leukotriene d4 Leukotriene D4: One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene D4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and a L-cysteinylglycinyl group at position 6 (6R).	2.47	2	0	dipeptide; leukotriene; organic sulfide	bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
leukotriene e4 Leukotriene E4: A biologically active principle of SRS-A that is formed from LEUKOTRIENE D4 via a peptidase reaction that removes the glycine residue. The biological actions of LTE4 are similar to LTC4 and LTD4. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene E4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and an L-cystein-S-yl group at position 6 (6R).	1.97	1	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; L-cysteine thioether; leukotriene; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; secondary alcohol
6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position.	3.47	8	0	prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
harmine Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.	2.06	1	0	harmala alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; metabolite
genistein [no description available]	3.14	5	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	4.25	5	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.	3.14	5	0	oxapenam	antibacterial drug; anxiolytic drug; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.	5.02	12	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic acetal; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; drug allergen
oxymetholone Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.	3.87	3	0
eprosartan eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.	4.41	6	0	dicarboxylic acid; imidazoles; thiophenes	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	4.54	7	0	aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
mivacurium Mivacurium: An isoquinoline derivative that is used as a short-acting non-depolarizing agent.	3.58	2	0	isoquinolines
brompheniramine maleate brompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	2.08	1	0	maleate salt	anti-allergic agent
dexchlorpheniramine maleate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
olopatadine [no description available]	2.44	2	0
hemabate carboprost tromethamine : The tromethamine salt of carboprost. It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.	3.23	1	0
mycophenolate mofetil mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	4.09	4	0	carboxylic ester; ether; gamma-lactone; phenols; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
bw b1090u [no description available]	2.02	1	0	isoquinolines
entacapone entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.	4.41	6	0	2-nitrophenols; catechols; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
paricalcitol [no description available]	4.08	4	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane	antiparathyroid drug
astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.	2.5	2	0	carotenol; carotenone	animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite
humulene humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.	2.66	2	0	alpha-humulene
chrysin chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.	2.04	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; dihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
diosmin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; rutinoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant
galangin 5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.	2.02	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; trihydroxyflavone	antimicrobial agent; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
morin morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.	2.46	2	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
coumestrol Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.	2.07	1	0	coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
daidzein [no description available]	2.07	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
cynarine cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent	2.05	1	0	alkyl caffeate ester; quinic acid	plant metabolite
shogaol shogaol: from ginger, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE; less mutagenic than GINGEROL; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	enone; monomethoxybenzene; phenols
ellagic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
flupenthixol cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.	2.93	4	0	flupenthixol	dopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833 valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215	4.91	8	1	homodetic cyclic peptide
estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid : A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.07	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid; steroid glucosiduronic acid
l 660,711 [no description available]	3.16	5	0	quinolines
7-hydroxyflavone 7-hydroxyflavone : A hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group.	2.06	1	0	hydroxyflavonoid
coenzyme q10 coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.	2.05	1	0	ubiquinones	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite
anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.	2.75	3	0	endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4	human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
pheniramine maleate Naphcon A: tradename; contains above compounds; ophthalmic solution	2.07	1	0	organic molecular entity
sorivudine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
travoprost Travoprost: A cloprostenol derivative that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.. travoprost : The isopropyl ester of prostaglandin F2alpha in which the pentyl group is replaced by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxymethyl group. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha, ophthalmic solutions of travoprost are used as a topical medication for controlling the progression of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a pro-drug; the isopropyl ester group is hydrolysed by esterases in the cornea to the biologically active free acid, fluprostenol.	2.08	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isopropyl ester; prostaglandins Falpha	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; ophthalmology drug; prodrug; prostaglandin receptor agonist
tranilast tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.	2.75	3	0	amidobenzoic acid; cinnamamides; dimethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; antineoplastic agent; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; calcium channel blocker; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent
7432 s Ceftibuten: A cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.. ceftibuten : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxybut-2-enoyl]amino substituent at the 7 position of the cephem skeleton. An orally-administered agent, ceftibuten is used as the dihydrate to treat urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin; dicarboxylic acid	antibacterial drug
4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells.	1.97	1	0	stilbenoid
imipenem [no description available]	2.08	1	0	carbapenems
etretinate retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.	2.74	3	0	enoate ester; ethyl ester; retinoid	keratolytic drug
isotretinoin Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.	4.08	4	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; teratogenic agent
misoprostol Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.	2.44	2	0
ketotifen fumarate ketotifen fumarate : An organoammonium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of ketotifen(1+) and fumarate(1-) ions. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is a non-bronchodilator anti-asthmatic drug.	2.08	1	0	organoammonium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
epoprostenol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	prostaglandins I	mouse metabolite
indocyanine green [no description available]	3.85	3	0	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye
dinoprost tromethamine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
dothiepin hydrochloride Dothiepin: A tricyclic antidepressant with some tranquilizing action.	2.02	1	0	dothiepin
ozagrel ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer	2.69	3	0	cinnamic acids
triprolidine Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.	4.04	4	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.	3.87	3	0	cyclopropanes; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; quinolines; statin (synthetic)	antioxidant
rosuvastatin calcium S 4522: structure in first source	2.48	2	0	N-acyl-15-methylhexadecasphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine; organic calcium salt	anti-inflammatory agent; cardioprotective agent; CETP inhibitor
terbinafine hydrochloride terbinafine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of terbinafine with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.	2.08	1	0	allylamine antifungal drug; hydrochloride	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
ethamolin monoethanolamine oleate: used for treatment of pyogenic granuloma	3.23	1	0	long-chain fatty acid
betamethasone benzoate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
alatrofloxacin mesylate [no description available]	3.59	2	0
homatropine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	tropane alkaloid
prostaglandin i3 [no description available]	1.96	1	0	prostanoid
thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.	1.96	1	0	thromboxanes B	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	2	1	0	4-hydroxynon-2-enal; 4-hydroxynonenal
sphingosine 1-phosphate sphingosine 1-phosphate: RN given refers to (R-(R,S-(E)))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89. sphingosine 1-phosphate : A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1	2	1	0	sphingoid 1-phosphate	mouse metabolite; signalling molecule; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist; T-cell proliferation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cholesteryl oleate cholesteryl oleate: RN given refers to ((Z)-isomer). cholesteryl oleate : The (Z)-stereoisomer of cholesteryl octadec-9-enoate.	2.39	2	0	CE(18:1); cholesteryl octadec-9-enoate	mouse metabolite
codeine [no description available]	4.91	11	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic
cyclosporine ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF	5.34	17	0	homodetic cyclic peptide	anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
indolidan indolidan: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
phenylephrine hydrochloride Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine.	2.38	2	0	hydrochloride
natamycin [no description available]	2.47	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; dicarboxylic acid monoester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyene antibiotic	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; ophthalmology drug
acitretin Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.	3.87	3	0	acitretin; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; retinoid	keratolytic drug
acrivastine acrivastine: a second generation antihistamine. acrivastine : A member of the class of pyridines that is (pyridin-2-yl)acrylic acid substituted at position 6 by a [(1E)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a non-sedating antihistamine used for treatment of hayfever, urticaria, and rhinitis.	2.73	3	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
cyproterone Cyproterone: An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (CYPROTERONE ACETATE), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.	2.67	3	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; chlorinated steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	androgen antagonist
dihydrocodeine dihydrocodeine: RN refers to parent cpd(5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.05	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
dorzolamide dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	2.02	1	0	sulfonamide; thiophenes	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dothiepin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dothiepin
erythrityl tetranitrate Erythrityl Tetranitrate: A vasodilator with general properties similar to NITROGLYCERIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1020). erythrityl tetranitrate : Erythritol in which each of the hydroxy groups has been converted to the corresponding nitrate ester. It is a vasodilator with properties similar to nitroglycerin. It is usually used diluted with lactose or other suitable inert excipients, in order to minimise the risk of explosion; undiluted erythrityl tetranitrate can be exploded by percussion or excessive heat.	4.31	2	2	nitrate ester	explosive; vasodilator agent
estropipate estropipate: used therapeutically in menopausal patients	3.23	1	0	piperazinium salt; steroid sulfate
hydromorphone Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.	4.06	4	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
levetiracetam Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.	4.1	4	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ly 163892 loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	4.07	4	0	carbacephem; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
nabilone nabilone: cannabinol deriv; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	4.92	4	0
nalmefene nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer	3.28	6	0	morphinane alkaloid
nalorphine Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.	2.05	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	7.26	77	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.	3.85	3	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative	antitussive; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
oxymorphone Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)	3.59	2	0	morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1 Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.	3.23	1	0	phylloquinones; vitamin K	cofactor; human metabolite; plant metabolite
proscillaridin Proscillaridin: A cardiotonic glycoside isolated from Scilla maritima var. alba (Squill).	2.74	3	0	organic molecular entity
sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.	4.51	7	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol	antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
topiramate Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.	4.54	7	0	cyclic ketal; ketohexose derivative; sulfamate ester	anticonvulsant; sodium channel blocker
trospium chloride trospium chloride : An organic chloride salt of trospium. It is an antispasmodic drug used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	3.23	1	0
brefeldin a [no description available]	2.42	2	0	macrolide antibiotic	Penicillium metabolite
alvocidib alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.	3.19	5	0	dihydroxyflavone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol seocalcitol: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
fenretinide Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; retinoid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant
geldanamycin [no description available]	2.48	2	0	1,4-benzoquinones; ansamycin; carbamate ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor
17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin: structure in first source. alvespimycin : A 19-membered macrocyle that is geldanamycin in which the methoxy group attached to the benzoquinone moiety has been replaced by a 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethylamino group.	2.03	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; ansamycin; carbamate ester; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	Hsp90 inhibitor
lobeline Lobeline: An alkaloid that has actions similar to NICOTINE on nicotinic cholinergic receptors but is less potent. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic uses including in respiratory disorders, peripheral vascular disorders, insomnia, and smoking cessation.	2.04	1	0
calcipotriene [no description available]	2.02	1	0	cyclopropanes; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; triol	antipsoriatic; drug allergen
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	11.33	50	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
demycarosylturimycin h [no description available]	2.47	2	0
ar c67085mx PSB-0413: a selective antagonist radioligand for platelet P2Y12 receptors	2.07	1	0
2-methylthio-atp 2-methylthio-ATP: purinergic receptors agonist; relaxes mammalian gut preparations; structure given in first source	2.7	3	0
acipimox acipimox: lipolysis inhibitor	2.08	1	0	pyrazinecarboxylic acid
atosiban [no description available]	2.08	1	0	oligopeptide
benzphetamine Benzphetamine: A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222). benzphetamine : Dextroamphetamine in which the the hydrogens attached to the amino group are substituted by a methyl and a benzyl group. A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to dextroamphetamine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the treatment of obesity.	3.23	1	0	amphetamines; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; appetite depressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; sympathomimetic agent
bibo 3457 BIBO 3304: BIBO-3457 is the inactive enantiomer	2.44	2	0
bibp 3226 BIBP 3226: a selective non-peptide neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; BIBP-3435 is the S-enantiomer	8.72	10	0
bimatoprost Bimatoprost: A cloprostenol-derived amide that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.	2.08	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent
bw 723c86 1-(5-(2-thenyloxy)-1H-indol-3-yl)propan-2-amine: a 5-HT(2B) agonist	2.02	1	0
istradefylline [no description available]	2.02	1	0	oxopurine
cicaprost cicaprost: RN given refers to (3aS-(2E,3aalpha,4alpha(3R,4R),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer	2.42	2	0	monoterpenoid
clobetasol Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; SMO receptor agonist
denopamine denopamine: structure given in first source	2.9	4	0	dimethoxybenzene
deamino arginine vasopressin Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.	3.78	3	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide	diagnostic agent; renal agent; vasopressin receptor agonist
desoximetasone Desoximetasone: A topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in DERMATOSES, skin allergies, PSORIASIS, etc.. desoximetasone : Dexamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position is substituted by hydrogen. A synthetic corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic in the treatment of various skin disorders, including skin allergies and psoriasis.	2.07	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
dexmedetomidine [no description available]	7.2	20	0	medetomidine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; non-narcotic analgesic; sedative
fluticasone Fluticasone: A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.. fluticasone : A trifluorinated corticosteroid used in the form of its propionate ester for treatment of allergic rhinitis.	5.03	3	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; thioester	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug
kallidin Kallidin: A decapeptide bradykinin homolog cleaved from kininogen by kallikreins. It is a smooth-muscle stimulant and hypotensive agent that acts by vasodilatation.	1.97	1	0	peptide
goserelin Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.	4.04	2	0	organic molecular entity
halobetasol halobetasol: used in ointment to treat psoriasis; Ulobetasol cream contains 0.05% 6-fluoroclobetasol 17-propionate	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
iloprost Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.	4.75	9	0	carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol	platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
preclamol preclamol: centrally acting dopamine receptor agonist with selectivity for autoreceptors	2.88	4	0
k 185 [no description available]	2.47	2	0
l 745870 3-((4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrrolo(2,3-b)pyridine: selective for D(4) receptors; structure in first source	2	1	0	piperazines
latanoprost Latanoprost: A prostaglandin F analog used to treat OCULAR HYPERTENSION in patients with GLAUCOMA.. latanoprost : A prostaglandin Falpha that is the isopropyl ester prodrug of latanoprost free acid. Used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	2.45	2	0	isopropyl ester; prostaglandins Falpha; triol	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; prodrug
enprostil Enprostil: A synthetic PGE2 analog that has an inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion, a mucoprotective effect, and a postprandial lowering effect on gastrin. It has been shown to be efficient and safe in the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers.	1.97	1	0
ly 320135 LY 320135: cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	benzofurans
mdl 100907 Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of SEROTONIN or SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR AGONISTS. Included under this heading are antagonists for one or more specific 5-HT2 receptor subtypes.	3.9	12	0
nalbuphine Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.	4.39	6	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic
nateglinide Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	4.26	5	0	phenylalanine derivative
neurokinin a Neurokinin A: A mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in structure and action to SUBSTANCE P and NEUROKININ B with the ability to excite neurons, dilate blood vessels, and contract smooth muscles, such as those in the BRONCHI.	2.06	1	0
ciguatoxins Ciguatoxins: Polycyclic ethers produced by Gambierdiscus (DINOFLAGELLATES) from gambiertoxins, which are ingested by fish which in turn may be ingested by humans who are susceptible to the CIGUATERA POISONING.. ciguatoxin CTX1B : A ciguatoxin comprising a sequence of twelve trans-fused six-, seven-, eight- and nine-membered rings and a spiro-fused five-membered ring. A commonly encountered fish toxin.. ciguatoxin : Ciguatoxins are cyclic polyether toxins, derived from marine dinoflagellates, which are responsible for the symptoms of ciguatera poisoning. Ingestion of tropical and subtropical fin fish contaminated by ciguatoxins results in an illness characterised by neurological, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders.	1.99	1	0	ciguatoxin	metabolite
ono 3708 ONO 3708: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2 antagonist	2.37	2	0
pd 123319 PD123319 : An imidazopyridine consisting of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine having 4-(dimethylamino)-3-methylbenzyl, diphenylacetyl and carboxy and groups at positions 1, 5 and 6 respectively	3.1	5	0	imidazopyridine	angiotensin receptor antagonist; endothelin receptor antagonist; vasoconstrictor agent
calyculin a calyculin A: RN given refers to (5S-(5alpha(2R(1S,3S,4S,5R,6R,7E,9E,11E,13Z),3R),7beta(E(S)),*beta,9alpha))-isomer	2.42	2	0
rimexolone [no description available]	2.02	1	0	20-oxo steroid
sb 223412 SB 223412: SB-223412 is the (S)-(-)-isomer; RN given for (S)-isomer; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
seglitide seglitide: more potent than somatostatin for inhibition of insulin, glucagon & growth hormone release; used experimentally in treatment of Alzheimer's disease; somatostatin receptor antagonist	2.04	1	0
sq 29548 SQ 29548: SQ-26538 is the ((1S-1alpha,2beta(5Z),3beta(1E,3R*),4alpha))-isomer; thromboxane A2 antagonist; thromboxane receptor antagonist	1.99	1	0
vinorelbine [no description available]	4.65	8	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
(3r)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone WIN 55212-2 : A organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5-methyl-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-hi]indole substituted at position 6 by a 1-naphthylcarbonyl group.	2.47	2	0	morpholines; naphthyl ketone; organic heterotricyclic compound; synthetic cannabinoid	analgesic; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
zuclopenthixol zuclopenthixol : The (Z)-isomer of clopenthixol.	2	1	0	clopenthixol	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cl 316243 disodium (R,R)-5-(2-((2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-amino)propyl)-1,3-benzodioxole-2,3-dicarboxylate: structure given in first source	2	1	0
kn 93 KN 93: reduces dopamine content in PC12h cells. KN-93 : A sulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of p-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid with the anilino nitrogen of 2-(aminomethyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aniline in which the hydrogens of the primary amino group have been replaced by methyl and p-chlorocinnamyl groups. KN-93 is a selective inhibitor of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.	2.13	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; monomethoxybenzene; primary alcohol; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	EC 2.7.11.17 (Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
silodosin silodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first source	10.12	44	1	indolecarboxamide
sb 271046 SB 271046: 5-HT(6) receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.51	2	0
sulprostone sulprostone: structure	2.05	1	0	prostanoid
uliginosin b uliginosin B: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
bisdemethoxycurcumin curcumin III: structure in first source. bisdemethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by 4-hydroxycinnamoyl groups.	2.02	1	0	beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; metabolite
syringin syringin: a phenylpropanoid glycoside; see also eleutherosides & lyoniside for eleutheroside A: 474-58-8. syringin : A monosaccharide derivative that is trans-sinapyl alcohol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.04	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; dimethoxybenzene; monosaccharide derivative; primary alcohol	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
furazolidone [no description available]	2.46	2	0
fluvoxamine Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.	11.56	8	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; 5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
ag-490 [no description available]	2.11	1	0	catechols; enamide; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile; secondary carboxamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; STAT3 inhibitor
semaxinib semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.	2.05	1	0	olefinic compound; oxindoles; pyrroles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.	2.05	1	0
su 11248 [no description available]	4.12	4	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrroles	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; neuroprotective agent; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
romidepsin depsipeptide : A natural or synthetic compound having a sequence of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues (usually alpha-amino and alpha-hydroxy acids), commonly but not necessarily regularly alternating.	2.04	1	0	cyclodepsipeptide; heterocyclic antibiotic; organic disulfide	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.	2.7	3	0	carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom	neurotoxin
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.	5.02	12	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; indoles; organofluorine compound
molsidomine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion	antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
diamide Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.	1.96	1	0	1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide)
oxiconazole oxiconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer; structure given in first source. oxiconazole : An oxime O-ether that is the 2,4-dichlorobenzyl ether of the oxime obtained by formal condensation of hydroxylamine with the carbonyl group of acetopnenone in which the phenyl group is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 4, and in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a 1H-imidazol-1-yl group. An antifungal agent, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) in creams and powders for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.	2.02	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; dichlorobenzene; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; oxime O-ether	antiinfective agent
15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)	4.14	16	0
cesium Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.	3.08	5	0	alkali metal atom
barium Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.	3.68	10	0	alkaline earth metal atom; elemental barium
rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.	3.36	7	0	alkali metal atom
aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.	1.97	1	0	boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom
levorphanol Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.	3.51	2	0	morphinane alkaloid
dihydromorphine Dihydromorphine: A semisynthetic analgesic used in the study of narcotic receptors.	1.96	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
thallium Thallium: A heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl.. thallium : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant green line in its flame spectrum (from Greek thetaalphalambdalambdaomicronsigma, a green shoot).	3.06	1	0	boron group element atom
naltrexone Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.	5.61	23	0	cyclopropanes; morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; environmental contaminant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
morphine-6-glucuronide morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.43	2	0	morphinane alkaloid
dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.	4.08	4	0	6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene	antitussive; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; oneirogen; prodrug; xenobiotic
dextrorphan Dextrorphan: Dextro form of levorphanol. It acts as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, among other effects, and has been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. It is also a metabolite of DEXTROMETHORPHAN.	1.96	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
butorphanol Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.	4.41	6	0	morphinane alkaloid	antitussive; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
cefodizime cefodizime: RN given refers to (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefodizime : A cephalosporin compound having 5-(carboxymethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	2.04	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor
methylnaltrexone methylnaltrexone: RN given refers to parent cpd(5alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0	phenanthrenes
cefixime [no description available]	4.86	10	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
lisinopril Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	6.47	13	1	dipeptide	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	3.56	2	0	benzazepine; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; lactam	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
ramipril Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.	4.08	4	0	azabicycloalkane; cyclopentapyrrole; dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; prodrug
verteporfin (2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.	3.23	1	0
indinavir sulfate Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.	5.09	13	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; piperazinecarboxamide	HIV protease inhibitor
zimeldine Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)	3.81	3	0	styrenes
isoalloxazine isoalloxazine: structure	2.02	1	0	benzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione
veratrine Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator.	7.66	3	0	alkaloid
enalapril maleate enalapril maleate : The maleic acid salt of enalapril. It contains one molecule of maleic acid for each molecule of enalapril. Following oral administration, the ethyl ester group of enalapril is hydrolysed to afford the corresponding carboxylic acid, enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalapril is thus a prodrug for enalaprilat (which, unlike enalapril, is not absorbed by mouth), and its maleate is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients.	2.08	1	0	maleate salt	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).	14.32	79	36	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug
nitrofurazone Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.	2.46	2	0
trientine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.23	1	0
cytochalasin a [no description available]	1.98	1	0	cytochalasin
n-methylscopolamine bromide scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.	3.23	1	0
bleomycin [no description available]	3.59	2	0	bleomycin	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	1.98	1	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].	1.99	1	0	carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	1.97	1	0	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
heroin Heroin: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Parts 329.1, 1308.11 (1987). Sale is forbidden in the United States by Federal statute. (Merck Index, 11th ed). heroin : A morphinane alkaloid that is morphine bearing two acetyl substituents on the O-3 and O-6 positions. As with other opioids, heroin is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and physical dependence, which may develop into addiction. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses.	7.98	4	0	morphinane alkaloid	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; prodrug
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)- [no description available]	3.67	9	0	peptide
enalaprilat anhydrous Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.	5.4	19	0	dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
imidapril imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; imidazolidines; N-acylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
stipiamide stipiamide: from Myxococcus stipitatus; effective towards multidrug-resistant cancer cells; structure given in first source	2.02	1	0
demethoxycurcumin demethoxycurcumin: corresponds to curcumin with one methoxy group replaced by hydrogen; isolated from rhizomes of Curcuma longa. demethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which one of the methoxy groups is replaced by hydrogen. It is found in Curcuma zedoaria and Etlingera elatior.	2.02	1	0	beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
sulindac sulfone sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfone	apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
cinanserin Cinanserin: A serotonin antagonist with limited antihistaminic, anticholinergic, and immunosuppressive activity.. cinanserin : An aryl sulfide that is (2E)-3-phenyl-N-(2-sulfanylphenyl)prop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen of the thiol group is substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. It is a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist and an inhibitor of SARS-CoV replication.	2.37	2	0	aryl sulfide; cinnamamides; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor
pepstatin pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin	2.04	1	0	pentapeptide; secondary carboxamide	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor
ximelagatran ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.	3.59	2	0	amidoxime; azetidines; carboxamide; ethyl ester; hydroxylamines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary carboxamide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; prodrug; serine protease inhibitor
cefuroxime [no description available]	4.65	8	0	3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin; furans; oxime O-ether	drug allergen
ceftriaxone [no description available]	4.85	10	0	1,2,4-triazines; 1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefepime Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA.. cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	4.25	5	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug
hr 810 cefpirome: structure in first source. cefpirome : A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin; cyclopentapyridine
pafuramidine pafuramidine: a prodrug of furamidine	3.23	1	0
norbinaltorphimine norbinaltorphimine: kappa opiate receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.94	4	0	isoquinolines
ceftazidime [no description available]	4.06	4	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
penicillin v [no description available]	2.01	1	0	1,1'-diethyl-2,2'-cyanine; quinolines
ici 118551 ICI 118551: RN given refers to (R,R)-(+-)-isomer; structure in first source; ICI 111581 is hydrochloride of ICI 118551. ICI 118551 : An indane substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 4 by a 3-(isopropylamino)-2-hydroxybutoxy group (the 2R,3S-diastereomer).	4.9	36	0	aromatic ether; indanes; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic antagonist
trandolapril trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.	4.25	5	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-: An enkephalin analog that selectively binds to the MU OPIOID RECEPTOR. It is used as a model for drug permeability experiments.	2.67	3	0
strontium radioisotopes Strontium Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of strontium that decay or disintegrate spontaneously emitting radiation. Sr 80-83, 85, and 89-95 are radioactive strontium isotopes.	1.97	1	0
pregabalin Pregabalin: A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivative that functions as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and is used as an ANTICONVULSANT as well as an ANTI-ANXIETY AGENT. It is also used as an ANALGESIC in the treatment of NEUROPATHIC PAIN and FIBROMYALGIA.. pregabalin : A gamma-amino acid that is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) carrying an isobutyl substitutent at the beta-position (the S-enantiomer). Binds with high affinity to the alpha2-delta site (an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels) in central nervous system tissues.	3.61	2	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker
tiotropium tiotropium : A quaternary ammonium ion obtained by methylation of the tertiary amino group of (1alpha,2beta,4beta,5alpha,7beta)-7-[(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl)oxy]-9-methyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.0(2,4)]nonane. Used (in the form of the bromide hydrate) for maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.	2.07	1	0
cefetamet cefetamet: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; structure given in first source. cefetamet : A cephalosporin compound having methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side-groups; a cephalosporin antibiotic active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.	2.74	3	0	cephalosporin
alvimopan anhydrous alvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for pain	3.61	2	0	peptide
oxyfedrine Oxyfedrine: A drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, heart failure, conduction defects, and myocardial infarction. It is a partial agonist at beta adrenergic receptors and acts as a coronary vasodilator and cardiotonic agent.	3.52	2	0	aromatic ketone
aliskiren aliskiren: orally active nonpeptidic renin inhibitor. aliskiren : A monomethoxybenzene compound having a 3-methoxypropoxy group at the 2-position and a multi-substituted branched alkyl substituent at the 4-position.	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene	antihypertensive agent
naltrindole naltrindole: delta opioid receptor antagonist	2.52	2	0	isoquinolines
guanabenz acetate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene	geroprotector
guanabenz Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.	6.33	30	0	dichlorobenzene
famotidine [no description available]	5.02	12	0	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
2,3-n-octanoylsphingosine N-octanoylsphingosine : An N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octanoyl.	2.05	1	0	N-acylsphingosine
cefotaxime Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.	4.4	6	0	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
aztreonam [no description available]	4.65	8	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; monobactam	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
nw 1029 Ralfinamide: Sodium Channel Blocker; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
1-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)-4-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)piperazine 1-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)-4-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)piperazine: dopamine uptake inhibitor and indirect dopamine agonist	2.01	1	0
(R)-citalopram (R)-citalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has R-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the inactive enantiomer of citalopram.	2.03	1	0	1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile
2-amino-4-methoxy-3-butenoic acid 2-amino-4-methoxy-3-butenoic acid: bacterial toxin isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa; RN given refers to (S-(E))-isomer	1.96	1	0
4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.	2.02	1	0
proguanil Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.	2.05	1	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
cci 15641 [no description available]	2.95	4	0	cephalosporin
rifamycin sv rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.	2.47	2	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol; rifamycins	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; bacterial metabolite
ginkgolide b [no description available]	2.45	2	0
ro 42-5892 remikiren : An L-histidine derivative that is L-histidine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a (2S)-2-[(2-methylpropane-2-sulfonyl)methyl]-3-phenylpropanoyl group and the carboxy group is replaced by a [(2S,3R,4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydroxybutan-2-yl]amino group. It is a renin inhibitor which was under development for the treatment of hypertension (now discontinued).	2.46	2	0	cyclopropanes; diol; L-histidine derivative; secondary carboxamide; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.23.15 (renin) inhibitor; peptidomimetic; vasodilator agent
saralasin Saralasin: An octapeptide analog of angiotensin II (bovine) with amino acids 1 and 8 replaced with sarcosine and alanine, respectively. It is a highly specific competitive inhibitor of angiotensin II that is used in the diagnosis of HYPERTENSION.	4.19	17	0	oligopeptide
tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels.	5.86	96	0	azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid	animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.	1.97	1	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
technetium tc 99m stannous pyrophosphate [no description available]	1.96	1	0
cefpodoxime [no description available]	3.56	2	0	carboxylic acid; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
palonosetron Palonosetron: Isoquinoline and quinuclidine derivative that acts as a 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy, and for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.. palonosetron : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is an antiemetic used (as its hydrochloride salt) in combination with netupitant (under the trade name Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.	3.58	2	0	azabicycloalkane; delta-lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound	antiemetic; serotonergic antagonist
(3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid Fluvastatin: An indole-heptanoic acid derivative that inhibits HMG COA REDUCTASE and is used to treat HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. In contrast to other statins, it does not appear to interact with other drugs that inhibit CYP3A4.. (3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have S configuration.. fluvastatin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia.	2.21	1	0	(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
epoprostenol sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	prostanoid
agn 191659 AGN 191659: a retinoid x receptor pan-agonist; structure in first source	2.15	1	0
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tenofovir disoproxil fumarate : A fumarate salt prepared from equimolar amounts of tenofovir disoproxil and fumaric acid. It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.08	1	0	fumarate salt	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
cefatrizine Cefatrizine: Orally active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity.. cefatrizine : A cephalosporin compound having (1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-ylsulfanyl)methyl and [(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)]acetamido side-groups. An antibacterial drug first prepared in the 1970s, it has more recently been found to be an inhibitor of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K), which is known to regulate apoptosis, autophagy and ER stress in many types of human cancers.	3.15	5	0	amino acid amide; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; phenols; semisynthetic derivative; triazoles	antibacterial drug; EC 2.7.11.20 (elongation factor 2 kinase) inhibitor
raubasine raubasine: RN given refers to (19alpha)-isomer; structure	2.36	2	0	yohimban alkaloid
dihydroergotoxine Dihydroergotoxine: A mixture of three different hydrogenated derivatives of ERGOTAMINE: DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. Dihydroergotoxine has been proposed to be a neuroprotective agent and a nootropic agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not clear, but it can act as an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a dopamine agonist. The methanesulfonate salts of this mixture of alkaloids are called ERGOLOID MESYLATES.	11.03	38	0
dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid.	5.49	21	0	maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.	1.96	1	0	amidobenzoic acid
imidafenacin imidafenacin: structure in first source	2.07	1	0	diarylmethane
eniporide eniporide: inhibits NHE-1 isoform; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
radolmidine radolmidine: an alpha2-adrenergic agonist; radolmidine is the HCl salt	2.1	1	0
dexbrompheniramine maleate dexbrompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of the (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	2.08	1	0	brompheniramine maleate	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
bongkrekic acid Bongkrekic Acid: An antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cocovenenans. It is an inhibitor of MITOCHONDRIAL ADP, ATP TRANSLOCASES. Specifically, it blocks adenine nucleotide efflux from mitochondria by enhancing membrane binding.. bongkrekic acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is docosa-2,4,8,10,14,18,20-heptaenedioic acid substituted at positions 2 ,5 and 17 by methyl groups, at positions 6 by a methoxy group and at position 20 by a carboxymethyl group. It is produced by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli and implicated in outbreaks of food-borne illness involving coconut and corn-based products in Indonesia and China.	2.01	1	0	ether; olefinic compound; tricarboxylic acid	apoptosis inhibitor; ATP/ADP translocase inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; toxin
24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d 3 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3: A physiologically active metabolite of VITAMIN D. The compound is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, and enhancing the calcemic effect of CALCITRIOL.	2.38	2	0
tiacrilast tiacrilast: structure given in first source	2.46	2	0
cilastatin [no description available]	2.45	2	0	carboxamide; L-cysteine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organic sulfide	EC 3.4.13.19 (membrane dipeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
rifaximin [no description available]	3.61	2	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterohexacyclic compound; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative	antimicrobial agent; gastrointestinal drug; orphan drug
bafilomycin a1 bafilomycin A1: from Streptomyces griseus; structure given in first source. bafilomycin A1 : The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus.	3.66	3	0	cyclic hemiketal; macrolide antibiotic; oxanes	apoptosis inducer; autophagy inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; fungicide; potassium ionophore; toxin
ly 53857 LY 53857: RN given refers to maleate[1:1](8beta)-isomer	3.68	10	0
lumefantrine Lumefantrine: A fluorene derivative that is used in combination with ARTEMETHER for the treatment of MALARIA (see ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE DRUG COMBINATION).. lumefantrine : A member of the class of fluorenes that is 9-(p-chlorobenzylidene)-9H-fluorene which is substitutec by chlorine at positions 2 and 7, and by a 2-(dibutylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group at position 4. An antimalarial drug used in combination with artemether for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	2.06	1	0	fluorenes; monochlorobenzenes; secondary alcohol; tertiary amine	antimalarial
volkensin volkensin: a type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein; 1569-bp ORF (523 amino acid residues) without introns, with an internal linker sequence of 45 bp; from roots of Adenia volkensii Harms (kilyambiti plant); contains two free cysteinyl residues out of 14 derived from the gene sequence	2.38	2	0
ici d1542 ICI D1542: redirects arachidonic acid metabolism; an inhibitor of thromboxane A2 synthetase and of thromboxane receptors	2.07	1	0
prestim prestim: antihypertensive agent consisting of above cpds	1.96	1	0
everolimus [no description available]	3.61	2	0	cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
ixabepilone [no description available]	3.86	3	0	1,3-thiazoles; beta-hydroxy ketone; epoxide; lactam; macrocycle	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
hv 723 HV 723: structure given in first source; RN given refers to fumarate salt; RN for parent cpd not available 3/89	3.99	14	0
gavestinel [no description available]	2.07	1	0
technetium tc 99m pyrophosphate Technetium Tc 99m Pyrophosphate: A radionuclide imaging agent used primarily in scintigraphy or tomography of the heart to evaluate the extent of the necrotic myocardial process. It has also been used in noninvasive tests for the distribution of organ involvement in different types of amyloidosis and for the evaluation of muscle necrosis in the extremities.	1.96	1	0
dirithromycin [no description available]	2.02	1	0	macrolide antibiotic	prodrug
azlocillin Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.	2.74	3	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
4-(2-chlorophenyl)butan-2-amine 4-(2-chlorophenyl)butan-2-amine: a D3 receptor agonist	2.21	1	0
verlukast verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist	2.46	2	0
cefpodoxime proxetil cefpodoxime proxetil: structure given in first source; prodrug for cefpodoxime. cefpodoxime proxetil : The 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl (proxetil) ester prodrug of cefpodoxime. After swallowing, hydrolysis of the ester group occurs in the intestinal epithelium, to release active cefpodoxime in the bloodstream. It is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.	2.45	2	0	carboxylic acid; carboxylic ester; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; prodrug
ceftizoxime [no description available]	4.25	5	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
tazadolene succinate tazadolene succinate: RN not in Chemline 5/86; RN from Chem. Abstracts; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide [no description available]	4.49	7	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide	serotonergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
carumonam carumonam: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3alpha(Z))-isomer. carumonam : An N-sulfonated monobactam antibiotic.	2.04	1	0	monobactam	antibacterial drug
clocinnamox clocinnamox: structure given in first source; an opioid mu receptor agonist	2.17	1	0
beta-escin [no description available]	1.97	1	0
fluphenazine [no description available]	2.08	1	0
mdl 105519 MDL 105519: a potent ligand at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-associated glycine recognition site; structure given in first source	2.08	1	0
s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine: A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.	2.03	1	0	nitroso compound; nitrosothio compound	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
sb 222200 [no description available]	3.19	5	0	quinolines
dantrolene sodium dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.	2.05	1	0
nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.	5.23	15	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
sb 269970 SB 269970: a 5-HT(7) antagonist; structure in first source	2.73	3	0	sulfonamide
sb 334867-a 1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5)naphthyridin-4-yl urea: selective OX1 receptor antagonist	2.07	1	0	naphthyridine derivative
lactacystin [no description available]	2	1	0	lactam; S-substituted L-cysteine
nifurtimox Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.	2.72	3	0	nitrofuran antibiotic
sk&f-38393 (R)-SKF 38393 : A 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol that is the R-enantiomer of SKF 38393.	2.1	1	0	1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol
butylscopolammonium bromide Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.	1.96	1	0
morphinans Morphinans: Compounds based on a partially saturated iminoethanophenanthrene, which can be described as ethylimino-bridged benzo-decahydronaphthalenes. They include some of the OPIOIDS found in PAPAVER that are used as ANALGESICS.	1.97	1	0	isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent; morphinane alkaloid
ergoline Ergolines: A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.. ergoline : An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors.	5.81	30	0	diamine; ergoline alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound
adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate: RP-cAMP-S is a protein kinase A inhibitor; SP-cAMP-S is a protein kinase A agonist. (Sp)-cAMPS : A nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate having adenine as the nucleobase (the Sp-stereoisomer).. (Rp)-cAMPS : A nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate having adenine as the nucleobase (the Rp-stereoisomer).	2.69	3	0	nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate
sq-23377 Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes.	3.37	7	0	cyclic ether; enol; polyunsaturated fatty acid; very long-chain fatty acid	calcium ionophore; metabolite
eritoran eritoran : A lipid A derivative used for the treatment of severe sepsis.	2.04	1	0	lipid As
dantrolene [no description available]	4.07	4	0
roxithromycin (E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.	2.47	2	0	roxithromycin	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cefdinir [no description available]	3.61	2	0	cephalosporin; ketoxime	antibacterial drug
17-n,n-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-azaandrostane-3-one 17-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-azaandrostane-3-one: inhibitor of testosterone 5-alpha reductase, receptor binding & nuclear uptake of androgens in the prostate	3.09	1	0
etonogestrel [no description available]	3.23	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin
bisoprolol, fumarate (1:1) salt [no description available]	2.08	1	0
tiapamil hydrochloride Tiapamil Hydrochloride: A phenylethylamine derivative that acts as a calcium antagonist showing hemodynamic effects in patients with acute myocardial infarction.	2.37	2	0
montirelin montirelin: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0	oligopeptide
cv 1808 2-phenylaminoadenosine: has coronary & cardiohemodynamic effects	2.03	1	0	purine nucleoside
artesunate artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether	2.75	3	0	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; ferroptosis inducer
tipredane [no description available]	2.07	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
beraprost beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.	2.05	1	0	enyne; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; secondary allylic alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin receptor agonist; vasodilator agent
lanreotide [no description available]	2.05	1	0
etoposide phosphate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	furonaphthodioxole
dexniguldipine niguldipine: structure given in first source; clinical modulator of multidrug resistance	5.28	17	0	diarylmethane
ciclesonide ciclesonide: nasal spray approved for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
flibanserin [no description available]	1.98	1	0	benzimidazoles; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound	antidepressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonergic antagonist
napsagatran napsagatran: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
temsirolimus [no description available]	3.87	3	0	macrolide lactam
dutasteride Dutasteride: A 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR that is reported to inhibit both type-1 and type2 isoforms of the enzyme and is used to treat BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. dutasteride : An aza-steroid that is inasteride in which the tert-butyl group is replaced by a 2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A synthetic 4-azasteroid, dutasteride is a selective inhibitor of both the type 1 and type 2 isoforms of steroid 5alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride is used for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with an enlarged prostate gland.	4.91	6	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
tekturna [no description available]	2.08	1	0	fumarate salt	antihypertensive agent
pd 184352 2-(2-chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-N-cyclopropylmethoxy-3,4-difluorobenzamide: inhibits MAP kinase kinase; structure in first source	2.01	1	0	aminobenzoic acid
lu 208075 ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension	3.59	2	0	diarylmethane
bms188797 [no description available]	2.04	1	0
bibx 1382bs BIBX 1382BS: an ErbB receptor kinase inhibitor; no further information available 4/2001	3.23	1	0	substituted aniline
vildagliptin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	amino acid amide
fesoterodine fesoterodine: a muscarinic antagonist for treatment of overactive bladder	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
panobinostat Panobinostat: An indole and hydroxamic acid derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used as an antineoplastic agent in combination with BORTEZOMIB and DEXAMETHASONE for the treatment of MULTIPLE MYELOMA.. panobinostat : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2E)-3-[4-({[2-(2-methylindol-3-yl)ethyl]amino}methyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor used (as its lactate salt) in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone for the treatment of multiple myeloma.	2.21	1	0	cinnamamides; hydroxamic acid; methylindole; secondary amino compound	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
bentiromide bentiromide: chymotrypsin labile peptide used diagnostically as an index of exocrine pancreas function. bentiromide : The dipeptide obtained by condensation of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine with 4-aminobenzoic acid. Used as a noninvasive screening test for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and to monitor the adequacy of supplemental pancreatic therapy, it is given by mouth: the amount of 4-aminobenzoic acid and its metabolites excreted in the urine is taken as a measure of the chymotrypsin-secreting activity of the pancreas.	2.07	1	0	dipeptide	diagnostic agent; indicator; reagent
acetylcarnitine O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.	2.05	1	0	O-acetylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine.	3.69	10	0	ammonium ion derivative
chloralose Chloralose: A derivative of CHLORAL HYDRATE that was used as a sedative but has been replaced by safer and more effective drugs. Its most common use is as a general anesthetic in animal experiments.	2.69	3	0
3-(diphenylmethylene)-1-[4-(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)butyl]pyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available]	2	1	0	diarylmethane
hypericum Hypericum: Genus of perennial plants in the family CLUSIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypericaceae). Herbal and homeopathic preparations are used for depression, neuralgias, and a variety of other conditions. Hypericum contains flavonoids; GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, TANNINS; volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), hypericin and hyperforin.. 6-formamidopenicillanic acid : A penicillanic acid having a (6R)-formamido substituent.	2.07	1	0	penicillanic acids
phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group.	2.9	4	0	phosphagen; phosphoamino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
grayanotoxin i grayanotoxin I: RN given refers to (3beta,6beta,14R)-isomer; structure. grayanotoxin I : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is grayanotoxane in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 14 is substituted by an acetoxy group and in which the 3beta-, 5-, 6beta-, 10-, and 16- positions are substituted by hydroxy groups.	1.96	1	0	acetate ester; pentol; secondary alcohol; tertiary alcohol; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antihypertensive agent; metabolite; neuromuscular agent; phytotoxin
chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.	2.08	1	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent
sgd 301-76 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; organic nitrate salt	antiinfective agent
fluvoxamine maleate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.	2	1	0
guanoxabenz [no description available]	1.98	1	0
thioacetazone Thioacetazone: A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217). thiosemicarbazone : A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with the non-thioacylated nitrogen of thiosemicarbazide or its substituted derivatives.	2.08	1	0
nifursol [no description available]	2.05	1	0
azimilide azimilide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to dihydrochloride	2.73	3	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
nifurtoinol nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
gemifloxacin Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.	3.86	3	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
naloxonazine naloxonazine: binds irreversibly to opiate receptor sites; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
dexlansoprazole Dexlansoprazole: The R-isomer of lansoprazole that is used to treat severe GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.	3.61	2	0	benzimidazoles; sulfoxide
gemifloxacin mesylate gemifloxacin mesylate : The mesylate salt of gemifloxacin.	2.08	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	antimicrobial agent; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fosinopril [no description available]	3.85	3	0
armodafinil armodafinil : A 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide that has R configuration at the sulfur atom. Like its racemate, modafinil, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. Peak concentration in the blood later occurs later following administration than with modafinil, so it is thought that armodafinil may be more effective than modafinil in treating people with excessive daytime sleepiness.	3.23	1	0	2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide	central nervous system stimulant; eugeroic
utibapril utibapril: structure given in first source; prodrug for FPL 63547 diacid	2.07	1	0
eflucimibe eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor	2.05	1	0
sr 142801 SR 142801: SR 142806 is the (R)-enantiomer; structure given in first source; neurokinin-3 receptor antagonist	1.99	1	0
tomopenem [no description available]	2.45	2	0
ave 0118 [no description available]	2.06	1	0
norfenfluramine Dexnorfenfluramine: D-isomer of Norfenfluramine	2.03	1	0	amphetamines
rwj 68354 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
euk-134 EUK-134: antioxidant; structure in first source	2.01	1	0
rs 17053 RS 17053: a selective alpha 1A-adrenoceptor antagonist; structure given in first source	3.88	12	0
lu 28-179 Lu 28-179: sigma(2) ligand and lysosomotropic agent; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.	4.52	7	0	oligopeptide
vasopressin, 1-(1-mercaptocyclohexaneacetic acid)-2-(o- methyl-l-tyrosine)-8-l-arginine- vasopressin, 1-(1-mercaptocyclohexaneacetic acid)-2-(O- methyl-L-tyrosine)-8-L-arginine-: highly potent antagonist of vasopressor response to arginine-vasopressin; structure in first source	3.81	11	0
tapentadol Tapentadol: An opioid analgesic, MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and of pain associated with DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES.	3.23	1	0	alkylbenzene
abt 866 ABT 866: an alpha1-adrenoceptor ligand; structure in first source	3.14	1	0
etomoxir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
brl 37344 BRL 37344: SB 206606 is the (R,R)-isomer	3.25	6	0	monocarboxylic acid
zd 9379 ZD 9379: structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
ly 450139 [no description available]	2.07	1	0	peptide
muromonab-cd3 xestospongin C: was indexed to xestospongin A; from Xestospongia sponge; empties the ER calcium store but does not inhibit InsP3-induced Ca2+ release. xestospongin C : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is isolated from the marine sponge Xestospongia exigua.	2.57	2	0	alkaloid; macrocycle; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; IP3 receptor antagonist; marine metabolite
bb-83698 BB-83698: peptide deformylase inhibitor	2.04	1	0
pentagastrin Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.	4.19	5	0	organic molecular entity
cangrelor cangrelor: platelet P(2T) receptor antagonist. cangrelor : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is 5'-O-[({[dichloro(phosphono)methyl](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]adenosine carrying additional 2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl and (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)sulfanyl substituents at positions N6 and C2 respectively. Used (in the form of its tetrasodium salt) as an intravenous antiplatelet drug that prevents formation of harmful blood clots in the coronary arteries.	2.07	1	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; aryl sulfide; nucleoside triphosphate analogue; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
flag peptide FLAG peptide: engineered as a tag for immunoaffinity purification of genetically-engineered proteins; amino acid sequence given in first source; a polar octapeptide. FLAG peptide : An eight amino acid peptide consisting of L-aspartic acid, L-tyrosine, L-lysine, four L-aspartic acid residues, and L-lysine joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is widely used as a fusion tag for the purification and detection of a wide variety of recombinant proteins.	2.01	1	0	peptide
st 1535 [no description available]	2.02	1	0
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	3.11	5	0	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
sch 527123 [no description available]	2.07	1	0
osi 930 OSI 930: inhibits both receptor tyrosine kinase Kit and kinase insert domain receptor; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	aromatic amide
cefditoren cefditoren: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (6R-(3(Z),6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefditoren : A broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with (Z)-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethenyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Generally administered as its orally absorbed pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug, it is used for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections.	3.23	1	0	carboxylic acid; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
ro 70-0004 [no description available]	3.79	3	0
rivaroxaban Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery.	2.08	1	0	aromatic amide; lactam; monocarboxylic acid amide; morpholines; organochlorine compound; oxazolidinone; thiophenes	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
zotarolimus zotarolimus: synthetic analog of rapamycin; structure in first source	2.04	1	0	lactam; macrolide
sr 59230a 3-(2-ethylphenoxy)-1-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-1-ylamino)-2-propanol oxalate: structure given in first source	2.95	4	0
shu 9119 SHU 9119: an agouti mimetic; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	2.96	4	0
rs 79948-197 RS 79948-197: structure given in first source	3.42	7	0
bn 52020 [no description available]	2.45	2	0
zm 447439 ZM447439 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 4, 6 and 7 by a (4-benzamidophenyl)nitrilo group, methoxy group and a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy group, respectively. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Aurora A and Aurora B kinases with IC50 of 110 nM and 130 nM, respectively.	3.41	1	0	aromatic ether; benzamides; morpholines; polyether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; Aurora kinase inhibitor
hki 272 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	nitrile; quinolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
mk 936 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
tofacitinib tofacitinib : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted at position 4 by an N-methyl,N-(1-cyanoacetyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino moiety. Used as its citrate salt to treat moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.	2.08	1	0	N-acylpiperidine; nitrile; pyrrolopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound	antirheumatic drug; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
n-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)tetrahydropyrazine-1(2h)-carboxamide N-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)tetrahydropyrazine-1(2H)-carboxamide: a vanilloid receptor 1 antagonist and analgesic; structure in first source	2.06	1	0	piperazines; pyridines
rhodamine 123 [no description available]	2	1	0	organic chloride salt; xanthene dye	fluorochrome
terutroban terutroban: a thromboxan receptor antagonist	2.05	1	0
linaprazan linaprazan: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
cgp 55845a CGP 55845A: GABA-B receptor antagonist; RN refers to cpd with no isomeric designation; CGP 55845 is the (1S,2S)-isomer	2.03	1	0
1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride SA 4503: a sigma(1) receptor agonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
g(m1) ganglioside G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage.	1.98	1	0	alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine; sialotetraosylceramide
cgp 20712a CGP 20712A: structure given in first source; CGP 26505, a beta1-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, is the (S)-isomer of CGP 20712A	3.71	10	0
680c91 680C91 : A fluoroindole that is 6-fluoroindole in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a 2-(pyridin-3-yl)vinyl group (trans configuration). It is a selective inhibitor of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), which directs the conversion of trypophan to kynurenin.	2.06	1	0	fluoroindole; olefinic compound; pyridines	EC 1.13.11.11 (tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor
arl-67156 6-N,N-diethyl-beta,gamma-dibromomethylene-D-ATP: an inhibitor of ecto-ATPase	2.02	1	0
2-(beta-(3-iodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylaminomethyl)tetralone 2-(beta-(3-iodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylaminomethyl)tetralone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd without isomeric designation	3.7	10	0
linagliptin Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes.	3.65	2	0	aminopiperidine; quinazolines	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
snap 6201 [no description available]	2	1	0
fmrfamide FMRFamide: A molluscan neuroactive peptide which induces a fast excitatory depolarizing response due to direct activation of amiloride-sensitive SODIUM CHANNELS. (From Nature 1995; 378(6558): 730-3)	1.97	1	0
pazopanib pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.	3.61	2	0	aminopyrimidine; indazoles; sulfonamide	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
lecozotan lecozotan: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
azd 6244 AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles; bromobenzenes; hydroxamic acid ester; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
prasugrel hydrochloride Prasugrel Hydrochloride: A piperazine derivative and PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITOR that is used to prevent THROMBOSIS in patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; UNSTABLE ANGINA and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, as well as in those undergoing PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS.. prasugrel hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel hydrochloride. Used to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.	3.23	1	0
apixaban [no description available]	2.08	1	0	aromatic ether; lactam; piperidones; pyrazolopyridine	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
ar c155858 AR C155858: an MCT1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.	2.48	2	0
ko 143 [no description available]	2.76	3	0	beta-carbolines; tert-butyl ester
fentonium fentonium: less effect on eye, heart & gland functions than atropine; proposed for therapy of gastrointestinal ulcers; minor descriptor (78-84); on-line & Index Medicus search ATROPINE DERIVATIVES (78-84); RN given refers to bromide(3(S)-endo)-isomer	2.05	1	0
eugenosedin-a eugenosedin-A: antioxidant; protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced hypotension, hyperglycaemia and cytokine immunoreactivity in rats and mice	2.05	1	0
benoxathian hydrochloride [no description available]	1.96	1	0
homatropine methylbromide homatropine methylbromide: RN given refers to bromide (endo-(+-))-isomer	2.01	1	0
cj 033466 CJ 033466: structure in first source	2.06	1	0
flurogestone acetate Flurogestone Acetate: A synthetic fluorinated steroid that is used as a progestational hormone.	1.97	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
amg 009 AMG 009: an anti-inflammatory agent; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
isotocin isotocin: hormone found in some teleosts; Gln in position 4 of oxytocin replaced by Ser & Leu in position 8 by Ile; structure	1.97	1	0
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.	5.45	15	1
vinflunine vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent
cefotaxime sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt
baci-im [no description available]	3.59	2	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; polypeptide; zwitterion	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent
ucn 1028 c calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides	3.39	7	0
6-nitrodopamine 6-nitrodopamine: structure in first source	2.41	1	0	catecholamine
ribose ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose.	6.97	1	0	D-ribose; ribopyranose
6-[[5-fluoro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]-2,2-dimethyl-4H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3-one [no description available]	2.07	1	0	methoxybenzenes; substituted aniline
brimonidine tartrate Brimonidine Tartrate: A quinoxaline derivative and ADRENERGIC ALHPA-2 RECEPTOR AGONIST that is used to manage INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE associated with OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.	10.21	112	1
bms 477118 [no description available]	3.23	1	0	adamantanes; azabicycloalkane; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile; tertiary alcohol	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
nystatin a1 Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.	4.23	5	0	nystatins
tesofensine Tesofensine: an appetite suppressant	2.05	1	0
cp 154526 CP 154526: structure in first source	2.06	1	0
azd 1152 AZD-1152 : A member of the of quinazolines that is 4-aminoquinazolin-7-ol in which the amino group at position 4 has been substituted by a 5-[2-(3-fluoroanilino)-2-oxoethyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-yl group, while the hydroxy group at position 7 has been converted into the corresponding 3-[ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)aminopropyl ether.	3.41	1	0	anilide; monoalkyl phosphate; monofluorobenzenes; pyrazoles; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; Aurora kinase inhibitor; prodrug
e 2012 [no description available]	2.25	1	0
lisdexamfetamine dimesylate Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate: A dextroamphetamine drug precursor that also functions as a CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANT and DOPAMINE UPTAKE INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.	2.11	1	0
veratridine Veratridine: A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.	3.06	5	0
milnacipran [no description available]	3.57	2	0	acetamides
crizotinib Crizotinib: A piperidine and aminopyridine derivative that acts as an inhibitor of RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES, including ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE (ALK) and HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (HGFR; c-Met). It is used in the treatment of NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. crizotinib : A 3-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amine that has R configuration at the chiral centre. The active enantiomer, it acts as a kinase inhibitor and is used for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	2.31	1	0	3-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amine	antineoplastic agent; biomarker; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
vindesine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.	2.42	2	0
palmitoylcarnitine Palmitoylcarnitine: A long-chain fatty acid ester of carnitine which facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from cytoplasm into mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.. O-palmitoyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine in which the acyl group is specified as palmitoyl (hexadecanoyl).	1.97	1	0	O-palmitoylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
agn 192403 AGN 192403: a potent imidazoline receptor specific agent; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
brl 15572 BRL 15572: specific for h5-HT(1D) receptors; structure in first source. 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.	2.02	1	0	hydrochloride	prodrug; serotonergic antagonist
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	4.41	22	0	benzoxazole
(2-(2',6'-dimethoxy)phenoxyethylamino)methylbenzodioxan hydrochloride N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine with one equivalent of hydrogen chloride. An alpha1A-adrenergic selective antagonist.	1.96	1	0	hydrochloride	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
dihydroouabain dihydroouabain: RN given refers to (1beta,3beta,5beta,11alpha,20xi)-isomer. dihydroouabain : A cardenolide glycoside that is ouabain in which the double bond in the lactone ring has been reduced to a single bond. It is a cardiac glycoside and a derivative of ouabain which is used as a sodium pump antagonist and exhibits ionotropic effects.	1.98	1	0
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available]	5.7	26	0
dactolisib dactolisib: antineoplastic agent that inhibits both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR. dactolisib : An imidazoquinoline that is 3-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline substituted at position 1 by a 4-(1-cyanoisopropyl)phenyl group and at position 8 by a quinolin-3-yl group. A dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor used in cancer treatment.	2.08	1	0	imidazoquinoline; nitrile; quinolines; ring assembly; ureas	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; mTOR inhibitor
pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR).	7.81	67	3
pf 03491390 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
phytosterols Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.	2.03	1	0
atropine sulfate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
octoclothepine, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.01	1	0
acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	3.37	1	1
mefloquine Mefloquine: A phospholipid-interacting antimalarial drug (ANTIMALARIALS). It is very effective against PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM with very few side effects.. mefloquine : A racemate composed of (+)-(11R,2'S)- and (-)-(11S,2'R)-enantiomers of mefloquine. An antimalarial agent which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.	1.99	1	0
2-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)-1-methyl-1h-indole 2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-indole: PET imaging agent for the Imidazoline2 binding site; structure in first source	1.97	1	0
cgs 15855a CGS 15855A: dopamine receptor D2 agonist; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (trans(+-))-isomer	1.99	1	0
rabeprazole sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt
icatibant icatibant: a potent bradykinin (B2) receptor antagonist; WIN 65365 is an L-Tic(7) stereoisomer. icatibant : A ten-membered synthetic oligopeptide consisting of D-Arg, Arg, Pro, Hyp, Gly, Thi, Ser, D-Tic, Oic, and Arg residues joined in sequrence. A bradykinin receptor antagonist used as its acetate salt for the treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema in adult patients.	2.01	1	0
jaw [no description available]	1.98	1	0	indolecarboxamide
mitragynine, (3beta,16e,20beta)-isomer [no description available]	2.25	1	0
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	3.32	2	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
amodiaquine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.	2.03	1	0
bisaramil [no description available]	2.04	1	0
cosyntropin Cosyntropin: A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of CORTICOSTEROIDS in the ADRENAL CORTEX.. cosyntropin : A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin). A segment similar in all species, it contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex. It is used diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency.	1.96	1	0
melitten Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes.	2.42	2	0
cholecystokinin Cholecystokinin: A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.	2.67	3	0
bivalirudin bivalirudin: designed to bind to the alpha-thrombin catalytic site and anion-binding exosite for fibrin(ogen) recognition. bivalirudin : A synthetic peptide of 20 amino acids, comprising D-Phe, Pro, Arg, Pro, Gly, Gly, Gly, Gly, Asn, Gly, Asp, Phe, Glu, Glu, Ile, Pro, Glu, Glu, Tyr, and Leu in sequence. A congener of hirudin (a naturally occurring drug found in the saliva of the medicinal leech), it a specific and reversible inhibitor of thrombin, and is used as an anticoagulant.	3.61	2	0	polypeptide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
somatostatin [no description available]	3.46	7	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone
atrial natriuretic factor Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.	12.43	28	5	polypeptide
teicoplanin teicoplanin A2-1 : A teicoplanin A2 that has (4Z)-dec-4-enoyl as the variable N-acyl group.	2.45	2	0
tannins gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).	2.05	1	0	tannin
enfuvirtide Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.	3.23	1	0
ganirelix [no description available]	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
somatostatin, tyr(11)- [no description available]	1.98	1	0
nociceptin [no description available]	3.32	6	0	organic molecular entity; polypeptide	human metabolite; rat metabolite
alamethicin Alamethicin: A cyclic nonadecapeptide antibiotic that can act as an ionophore and is produced by strains of Trichoderma viride. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	1.97	1	0
omega-conotoxin (conus magus) Conus magus toxin: from marine mollusk Conus magus; 25-27 amino acid peptide; MW 3 kDa	1.98	1	0
gastrins Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters.	2.37	2	0
urotensin i urotensin I: stimulates active chloride transport by the skin of marine teleost in contrast to urotensin II which inhibits it; RN given refers to urotensin I with unknown MF; see also record for urotensin II	2.67	3	0
gramicidin a Gramicidin: A group of peptide antibiotics from BACILLUS brevis. Gramicidin C or S is a cyclic, ten-amino acid polypeptide and gramicidins A, B, D are linear. Gramicidin is one of the two principal components of TYROTHRICIN.	1.98	1	0
glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.	12.26	32	1	peptide hormone
beta-endorphin beta-Endorphin: A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPTORS and is an analgesic. Its first four amino acids at the N-terminal are identical to the tetrapeptide sequence of METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN and LEUCINE ENKEPHALIN.. beta-endorphin : A polypeptide consisting of 31 amino acid residues in the sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu. It is an endogenous opioid peptide neurotransmitter found in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system and results from processing of the precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC).	3.48	8	0
neuropeptide y Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones.	10.39	59	0
teriparatide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
pancreastatin pancreastatin: A 49 residue post-translational fragment of chromogranin A that inhibits insulin secretion; amino acid sequence given in first source; the 49-amino acid peptide is from pig; human pancreastatin has 52 amino acids (hCgA 250-310) ; see also record for human pancreastatin	1.98	1	0
s6c sarafotoxin sarafotoxins s6: several isotoxins from Atractaspis engaddensis; has strong cardiotoxic activity; all contain 21 amino acid residues; see also endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factor	2.72	3	0
iberiotoxin [no description available]	1.99	1	0
angiotensinogen Angiotensinogen: An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver in response to lowered blood pressure and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of the ANGIOTENSINS produced in the body by successive enzyme cleavages. Cleavage of angiotensinogen by RENIN yields the decapeptide ANGIOTENSIN I. Further cleavage of angiotensin I (by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME) yields the potent vasoconstrictor octapeptide ANGIOTENSIN II; and then, via other enzymes, other angiotensins also involved in the hemodynamic-regulating RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM.	1.98	1	0
salmon calcitonin [no description available]	3.23	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone; polypeptide	bone density conservation agent; metabolite
irl 1620 sovateltide: a potent, specific ligand for the endothelin-B receptor	2.05	1	0
tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.	1.99	1	0
ly-146032 [no description available]	4.08	4	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; lipopeptide antibiotic; lipopeptide; macrocycle; macrolide	antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; calcium-dependent antibiotics
dalbavancin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	carbohydrate acid derivative; glycopeptide; monosaccharide derivative; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
glucagon-like peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake.	2.44	2	0
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ilys-prolyl-alaninamide acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide: FE-200486 is the acetate salt	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
gamma-endorphin gamma-Endorphin: An endogenous opioid peptide derived from BETA-LIPOTROPIN of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) system. It is the 17-amino acid sequence of the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN and differs from ALPHA-ENDORPHIN by one amino acid (beta-endorphin 1-16).	1.96	1	0
alpha-endorphin alpha-Endorphin: An endogenous opioid peptide derived from BETA-LIPOTROPIN of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) system. It is the 16-amino acid sequence of the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN and differs from GAMMA-ENDORPHIN by one amino acid (beta-endorphin 1-17).	1.96	1	0
msh, 4-nle-7-phe-alpha- [no description available]	3.19	5	0	polypeptide	dermatologic drug
c-peptide C-Peptide: The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin.	3.84	4	0
exenatide [no description available]	3.23	1	0
exendin (9-39) exendin (9-39): a peptide from the venom of the lizard Heloderma suspectum; inhibits glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) induced cAMP production; its structure is related to exendin-4	2.1	1	0
bombesin [no description available]	3	4	0
warfarin sodium warfarin sodium : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin sodium. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.	2.08	1	0
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	7.38	2	0	glycoside
endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)	9.21	17	0
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	2.66	3	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
chlorophyll a Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain.	2.43	2	0	chlorophyll; methyl ester	cofactor
azd 7545 AZD 7545: an anilide tertiary carbinol; a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 inhibitor. AZD7545 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [4-(dimethylcarbamoyl)phenyl]sulfonyl, chloro and [(2R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl]amino groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a potent and non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2) with IC50 of 6.4 nM and exhibits glucose-lowering activity. Also inhibits PDHK1 at higher levels (IC50 = 36.8 nM).	2.07	1	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; secondary carboxamide; sulfone; tertiary alcohol; tertiary carboxamide	EC 2.7.11.2 - [pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
sipholenol a sipholenol A: reverses ABCB1-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cells; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
pravastatin sodium pravastatin sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of pravastatin. A reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), it is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt; statin (semi-synthetic)	anticholesteremic drug
alendronate sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0
hoe 33342 bisbenzimide ethoxide trihydrochloride: benzimidazole fluorescent dye	2.71	3	0
valproate sodium Epilim: oral sodium valproate used as antidepressive agent. sodium valproate : The sodium salt of valproic acid.. valproate : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of valproic acid.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	geroprotector
sl 80.0750 [no description available]	2.08	1	0
calpain Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.	1.96	1	0
sodium cyanoborohydride sodium cyanoborohydride: reagent for preparing biologically active nitroxides	1.99	1	0
lucifer yellow lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt	2.38	2	0	organic lithium salt	fluorochrome
chitosan [no description available]	2.08	1	0
technetium tc 99m sestamibi Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi: A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.	1.98	1	0
9-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-adenine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
butaclamol Butaclamol: A benzocycloheptapyridoisoquinolinol that has been used as an antipsychotic, especially in schizophrenia.	2.39	2	0
mesna Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.	4.26	5	0	organosulfonic acid
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	4.46	23	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
cerivastatin sodium cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt; statin (synthetic)
clavulanate potassium potassium clavulanate : A potassium salt having clavulanate as the counterion. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has only weak anitbiotic activity when administered alone. However it can be used in combination with amoxicillin trihydrate (under the trade name Augmentin) for treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, where it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamases.	2.48	2	0	potassium salt	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefamandole nafate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	organic sodium salt	antibacterial drug; prodrug
cytomel liothyronine sodium : The sodium salt of liothyronine. Thought to be more active than levothyroxine and with a rapid (few hours) onset and short duration of action, liothyronine sodium is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism, particularly in cases of hypothyroid coma.	2.07	1	0	organic sodium salt
taurocholic acid, monosodium salt [no description available]	2.04	1	0	bile salt
sodium lactate Sodium Lactate: The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.. sodium lactate : An organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion.	3.23	1	0	lactate salt; organic sodium salt	food acidity regulator; food preservative
piperacillin sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt
monensin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
sodium iothalamate [no description available]	3.59	2	0
oxacillin sodium [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic sodium salt
sodium diatrizoate histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt; organoiodine compound	radioopaque medium
cefazolin sodium cefazolin sodium : A cephalosporin organic sodium salt having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups.	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt
sodium glutamate Sodium Glutamate: One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.. monosodium glutamate : An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of glutamic acid.	1.98	1	0	monosodium glutamate	flavouring agent
azlocillin sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt
sodium pertechnetate tc 99m Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m: A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular and cerebral circulation, brain, thyroid, and joints.	1.96	1	0
sodium ethylxanthate Sex: The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism.	1.96	1	0
s-adenosylmethionine (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group.. (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has R-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine : A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine.	1.97	1	0	organic cation; sulfonium compound	coenzyme; cofactor; human metabolite; micronutrient; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
picrotoxin Picrotoxin: A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated chloride ionophore. Although it is most often used as a research tool, it has been used as a CNS stimulant and an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially the barbiturates.. picrotoxin : A mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of picrotoxinin and picrotin found in the climbing plant Anamirta cocculus.	3.79	11	0
2',3'-o-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate 2',3'-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate: analog of ATP; do not confuse with TNP-ATP record	2	1	0	C-nitro compound; spiroketal	antagonist
mefway mefway: a 5-HT(1A) receptor radioligand for PET imaging	2.13	1	0
oxymatrine oxymatrine: structure in first source; has anti-apoptosis effects	1.97	1	0
4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene [no description available]	3.4	7	0	BODIPY compound
quetiapine fumarate Quetiapine Fumarate: A dibenzothiazepine and ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT that targets the SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR, adrenergic alpha1 and alpha2 receptors, as well as the DOPAMINE D1 RECEPTOR and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR. It is used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER and DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.	4.32	4	1	fumarate salt
cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.	6.33	12	1
cetrorelix cetrorelix: LHRH antagonist. cetrorelix : A synthetic ten-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl, 4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl, 3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl, L-seryl, L-tyrosyl, N(5)-carbamoyl-D-ornithyl, L-leucyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, and D-alaninamide residues coupled in sequence. A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, it is used for treatment of infertility and of hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate and breast.	3.58	2	0	oligopeptide	antineoplastic agent; GnRH antagonist
neurotensin neurotensin, Tyr(11)-: RN given refers to parent cpd & (D)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 5/91	3.64	9	0	peptide hormone	human metabolite; mitogen; neurotransmitter; vulnerary
tolterodine tartrate Tolterodine Tartrate: An ANTIMUSCARINIC AGENT selective for the MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS of the BLADDER that is used in the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE and URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE.	5.05	3	1	tartrate salt
a 967079 A 967079: a TRPA1 channel antagonist; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
triiodothyronine, reverse Triiodothyronine, Reverse: A metabolite of THYROXINE, formed by the peripheral enzymatic monodeiodination of T4 at the 5 position of the inner ring of the iodothyronine nucleus.. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion : Zwitterionic form of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine.	1.96	1	0	3,3',5'-triiodothyronine; amino acid zwitterion
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	9.44	70	2
pht 427 4-dodecyl-N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source	2.46	2	0
endothelins [no description available]	3.16	5	0
7-hydroxymitragynine 7-hydroxymitragynine: an orally active opioid analgesic from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa; structure in first source	2.25	1	0	alkaloid
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	2.45	2	0
pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 38 [no description available]	3	4	0
hydroxocobalamin Hydroxocobalamin: Injectable form of VITAMIN B 12 that has been used therapeutically to treat VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY.	1.98	1	0
p(1),p(5)-di(adenosine-5'-)pentaphosphate P(1),P(5)-di(adenosine-5'-)pentaphosphate: structure. P(1),P(5)-bis(5'-adenosyl) pentaphosphate(5-) : An organophosphate oxoanion arising from global deprotonation of the pentaphosphate OH groups of P(1),P(5)-bis(5'-adenosyl) pentaphosphate.	1.98	1	0	organophosphate oxoanion
fructose-1,6-diphosphate fructose-1,6-diphosphate: RN refers to (D)-isomer	1.97	1	0
oligomycin a [no description available]	2.02	1	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; diketone; oligomycin; pentol	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor; nematicide
vasoactive intestinal peptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).	5.37	19	0
natriuretic peptide, brain Natriuretic Peptide, Brain: A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.	2.39	2	0	polypeptide
heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.	1.97	1	0
wy 26392 [no description available]	2.37	2	0
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	9.7	9	0	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
raltegravir [no description available]	3.23	1	0	1,2,4-oxadiazole; dicarboxylic acid amide; hydroxypyrimidine; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidone; secondary carboxamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.	2.96	4	0	carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.	5.16	14	0
chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.	2.73	3	0
oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.	4.25	5	0
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.	4.52	7	0
methacycline Methacycline: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic related to TETRACYCLINE but excreted more slowly and maintaining effective blood levels for a more extended period.. methacycline : A tetracycline that is the 6-methylene analogue of oxytetracycline, obtained by formal dehydration at position 6.	2.03	1	0
salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.	2.01	1	0	monohydroxybenzoate	plant metabolite
dicumarol Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.	7.9	4	0	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam [no description available]	4.94	11	0	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
roquinimex roquinimex: structure in first source	2.75	3	0	aromatic amide
acenocoumarol Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
meclocycline [no description available]	2.02	1	0
mobic Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.	4.86	10	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.	3.75	10	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
isoxicam isoxicam : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is piroxicam in which the pyrid-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following its association with cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.	3.15	5	0	benzothiazine; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antirheumatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	7.46	22	1	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
demeclocycline Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	3.58	2	0
phenprocoumon Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.	2.05	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
tipranavir tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.	3.86	3	0	sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
rolitetracycline Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.	2.45	2	0
sudoxicam sudoxicam: proposed ant-inflammatory agent; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZINES (75-86)	2.05	1	0
minocycline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.08	1	0
tigecycline [no description available]	4.08	4	0
(S)-warfarin (S)-warfarin : A 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one that has (S)-configuration (the racemate is warfarin, an anticoagulant drug and rodenticide).	2.03	1	0	4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one
sancycline sancycline: RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1	0
lornoxicam lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.	2.76	3	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
2'-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-2-allyl-6,7-benzomorphan SK&F 10047: pharmacologic action of cpd may depend on (L)- or (D)-isomerism; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0
omega-agatoxin iva omega-Agatoxin IVA: A neuropeptide toxin from the venom of the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. It inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, P-TYPE by altering the voltage-dependent gating so that very large depolarizations are needed for channel opening. It also inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, Q-TYPE.	1.99	1	0
toxin ii (anemonia sulcata) toxin II (Anemonia sulcata): toxic polypeptide closely related to anthopleurin A with potent cardiac stimulant activity from Anemonia sulcata; do not confuse with altertoxin II which is also abbreviated ATX II	1.96	1	0
epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.	3.36	7	0
vasoactive intestinal peptide, 4-chloro-phe(6)-leu(17)- vasoactive intestinal peptide, 4-chloro-Phe(6)-Leu(17)-: VIP receptor antagonist	1.97	1	0
charybdotoxin [no description available]	2.68	3	0
transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.	2.69	3	0
cgs 12066b CGS 12066B: RN given for ((Z)-2-butenedioate (1:2))-salt (CGS 12066B); CGS 12066A is the (ethanedioate (1:2))-salt; structure given in first source. 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline dimaleate : A maleate salt that is the dimaleate salt of 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline. A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT1B) full agonist, 10-fold selective over 5-HT1A and 1000-fold selective over 5-HT2C receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration.	1.98	1	0	maleate salt	prodrug; serotonergic agonist
saxitoxin Saxitoxin: A compound that contains a reduced purine ring system but is not biosynthetically related to the purine alkaloids. It is a poison found in certain edible mollusks at certain times; elaborated by GONYAULAX and consumed by mollusks, fishes, etc. without ill effects. It is neurotoxic and causes RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS and other effects in MAMMALS, known as paralytic SHELLFISH poisoning.. saxitoxin : An alkaloid isolated from the marine dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria that causes paralytic shellfish poisoning.	2.38	2	0	alkaloid; carbamate ester; guanidines; ketone hydrate; paralytic shellfish toxin; pyrrolopurine	cyanotoxin; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; sodium channel blocker; toxin
okadaic acid Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.	2.69	3	0	ketal
phosphatidylethanol phosphatidylethanol: formed in rat brain by phospholipase D. phosphatidylethanol : A glycerophospholipid that is the monoethyl ester of any phosphatidic acid.	2.39	2	0
pyrethrins [no description available]	1.98	1	0
cefuroxime axetil [no description available]	3.12	1	0
3-(6-isobutyl-9-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino(1',2'-1,6)pyrido(3,4-b)indol-3-yl)propionic acid tert-butyl ester 3-(6-isobutyl-9-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino(1',2'-1,6)pyrido(3,4-b)indol-3-yl)propionic acid tert-butyl ester: a breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibitor; structure in first source	2.83	3	0
ajmaline [no description available]	2.43	2	0
stemofoline stemofoline: RN given for (2S-(2alpha,3beta,4beta,5alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9S*))-isomer; structure in first source	2.06	1	0
kiss1 protein, human Kisspeptins: Intercellular signaling peptides that were originally characterized by their ability to suppress NEOPLASM METASTASIS. Kisspeptins have since been found to play an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of REPRODUCTION.	2.13	1	0
cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.	2.1	1	0
astressin b [no description available]	2.03	1	0
caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.	2.06	1	0
wy 26703 [no description available]	2.88	4	0
fertinex [no description available]	3.23	1	0
gamma2-msh gamma2-MSH: The 11-residue peptide that is without amidation.	2	1	0
ambrein ambrein: a degraded triterpene; ambrein, cholesterol and benzoic acid are major components of ambergris; from intestinal secretion of sperm blue whale (Pyseter carodon). ambrein : A triterpenoid alcohol that is a constituent of ambergris, an intestinal secretion of the sperm whale Physeter catodon.	1.98	1	0	tertiary alcohol; triterpenoid	hypoglycemic agent; mammalian metabolite
nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.	1.98	1	0
bassianolide bassianolide: cyclodepsipeptide from mycelia of Beauveria bassiana; inhibits isotonic contractions induced by acetylcholine. bassianolide : A cyclodepsipeptide consisting of a cyclic tetramer of the depsipeptide D-Hiv-N-methyl-L-leucine (where D-Hiv = D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid). Found in the fungal species Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii, it has insecticidal properties and is used as a commercial biopesticide to control of insects of agricultural, veterinary and medical significance. For elucidation of the structure, see Suzuki et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1977 v25, 2167-2170.	2.43	2	0	cyclodepsipeptide; cyclooctadepsipeptide	antineoplastic agent; fungal metabolite; insecticide
neuropeptide y, leu(31)-pro(34)- neuropeptide Y, Leu(31)-Pro(34)-: specific Y1 receptor agonist	2.69	3	0
glucagon-like peptide 2 Glucagon-Like Peptide 2: A 33-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal of PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. It stimulates intestinal mucosal growth and decreased apoptosis of ENTEROCYTES. GLP-2 enhances gastrointestinal function and plays an important role in nutrient homeostasis.	2.08	1	0
angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3.	9.88	8	1	angiotensin; peptide zwitterion	human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent
angiotensin iii Angiotensin III: A heptapeptide formed from ANGIOTENSIN II after the removal of an amino acid at the N-terminal by AMINOPEPTIDASE A. Angiotensin III has the same efficacy as ANGIOTENSIN II in promoting ALDOSTERONE secretion and modifying renal blood flow, but less vasopressor activity (about 40%).	2.88	4	0
sta 2 STA 2: thromboxane A2 agonist; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
d-ala(2),mephe(4),met(0)-ol-enkephalin D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin: A stable synthetic analog of methionine enkephalin (ENKEPHALIN, METHIONINE). Actions are similar to those of methionine enkephalin. Its effects can be reversed by narcotic antagonists such as naloxone.	1.96	1	0
chebulinic acid chebulinic acid: one of the allagitannins in the seeds of Euphoria longana; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
peoniflorin peoniflorin: from Radix and of Paeonia suffruticosa	1.98	1	0
aconitine Aconitine: A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM; DELPHINIUM and larkspurs. It activates VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIAS in experimental animals and it has anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgic properties.. aconitine : A diterpenoid that is 20-ethyl-3alpha,13,15alpha-trihydroxy-1alpha,6alpha,16beta-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-8,14alpha-diol having acetate and benzoate groups at the 8- and 14-positions respectively.	2.05	1	0
jth 601 JTH 601: JTH-601 is the hemifumarate salt; structure in first source	3.61	9	0
norgestrel Norgestrel: A synthetic progestational agent with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE. This racemic or (+-)-form has about half the potency of the levo form (LEVONORGESTREL). Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis.	1.96	1	0
sermorelin Sermorelin: The biologically active fragment of human growth hormone-releasing factor, consisting of GHRH(1-29)-amide. This N-terminal sequence is identical in several mammalian species, such as human, pig, and cattle. It is used to diagnose or treat patients with GROWTH HORMONE deficiency.. sermorelin : A 29 amino acid polypeptide that is used to treat growth problems (usually in children) due to growth hormone deficiency. It is the biologically active fragment of human growth hormone-releasing factor (GHRH).	2.07	1	0
lysergic acid lysergic acid : An ergoline alkaloid comprising 6-methylergoline having additional unsaturation at the 9,10-position and a carboxy group at the 8-position.	1.97	1	0
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	3.7	10	0
peptide yy Peptide YY: A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion.. peptide YY : A 36-membered human gut polypeptide consisting of Tyr, Pro, Ile, Lys, Pro, Glu, Ala, Pro, Gly, Glu, Asp, Ala, Ser, Pro, Glu, Glu, Leu, Asn, Arg, Tyr, Tyr, Ala, Ser, Leu, Arg, His, Tyr, Leu, Asn, Leu, Val, Thr, Arg, Gln, Arg and Tyr-NH2 residues joined in sequence.	2.68	3	0
beta-amyrin palmitate beta-amyrin palmitate: alpha-amyrin palmitate is also available; may activate noradrenergic activity	1.98	1	0
prajmaline Prajmaline: A derivative of the rauwolfia alkaloid AJMALINE. It is an anti-arrhythmia agent but may cause liver damage.	1.97	1	0
tetra(4-n-methylpyridyl)porphine tetra(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphine: structure in first source	2	1	0
entecavir entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.	3.87	3	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	5.23	15	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.	9.46	23	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine diphosphate Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	2.89	4	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	6.06	23	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
inosinic acid Inosine Monophosphate: Inosine 5'-Monophosphate. A purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety.	1.97	1	0	inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
inosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	inosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.	4.26	5	0	folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient
guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes.	4.07	15	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	5.17	14	0	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.	12.87	55	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; GABA antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; xenobiotic
dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	4.27	5	0	dacarbazine
didanosine Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.	4.54	7	0	purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir [no description available]	4.94	11	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antiinfective agent; antiviral drug
valtrex [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
valacyclovir Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.	4.25	5	0	L-valyl ester	antiviral drug
sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.	5.02	12	0	piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
olanzapine Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.	5.93	13	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.	3.14	5	0	2-aminopurines; propane-1,3-diols	antiviral drug
oxypurinol Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.	2.4	2	0	pyrazolopyrimidine	drug metabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
zaprinast zaprinast: anaphylaxis inhibitor; structure	2.38	2	0	triazolopyrimidines
raltitrexed [no description available]	3.9	3	0	N-acyl-amino acid
vardenafil vardenafil : The sulfonamide resulting from formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-ethoxy-3-(5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one-2-yl)benzenesulfonic acid and the secondary amino group of 4-ethylpiperazine.	4.25	5	0	imidazotriazine; N-alkylpiperazine; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	5.06	13	0	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
citrovorum factor [no description available]	3.61	2	0	tetrahydrofolic acid
leucovorin 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.	4.54	7	0	formyltetrahydrofolic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
guanylyl imidodiphosphate Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate: A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta to the gamma phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg2+. The nucleotide is a potent stimulator of ADENYLYL CYCLASES.. guanosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is GTP in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta- to the gamma- phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, it binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg(2+).	4.53	25	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
rifapentine rifapentine: cyclopentyl derivative of rifampicin	3.61	2	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-iminopiperazine; rifamycins	antitubercular agent; leprostatic drug
alanosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
bl 4162a anagrelide: imidazoquinazoline derivative which lowers platelet count probably by inhibiting thrombopoiesis and reduces platelet aggregation; used for thrombocythemia; structure in first source. anagrelide : A 1,5-dihydroimidazo[2,1-]quinazoline having an oxo substituent at the 2-position and chloro substituents at the 6- and 7-positions.	4.2	2	0	imidazoquinazoline	anticoagulant; antifibrinolytic drug; cardiovascular drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tegaserod tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source	4.08	4	0	carboxamidine; guanidines; hydrazines; indoles	gastrointestinal drug; serotonergic agonist
norclozapine norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.	2.06	1	0	dibenzodiazepine; organochlorine compound; piperazines	delta-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
guanosine 5'-o-(2-thiodiphosphate) [no description available]	2.39	2	0	nucleoside diphosphate analogue
pemetrexed pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).	3.23	1	0	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pyrrolopyrimidine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
tirapazamine Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.	2.45	2	0	aromatic amine; benzotriazines; N-oxide	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer
sildenafil citrate Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil.	2.75	3	0	citrate salt	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
valganciclovir Valganciclovir: A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor.. valganciclovir : The L-valinyl ester of ganciclovir, into which it is rapidly converted by intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.	3.23	1	0	L-valyl ester; purines	antiviral drug; prodrug
aprepitant Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.	4.08	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; cyclic acetal; morpholines; triazoles	antidepressant; antiemetic; neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist; peripheral nervous system drug; substance P receptor antagonist
fosaprepitant fosaprepitant: a pro-drug form of aprepitant. fosaprepitant : A morpholine derivative that is the (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl ether of (3-{[(2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxymorpholin-4-yl]methyl}-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phosphonic acid.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; cyclic acetal; morpholines; phosphoramide; triazoles	antiemetic; neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist; prodrug
tegaserod maleate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	maleate salt	serotonergic agonist
ceftobiprole ceftobiprole: BAL5788 is Ceftobiprole medocaril sodium. ceftobiprole : A fifth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having (E)-[(3'R)-2-oxo[1,3'-bipyrrolidin]-3-ylidene]methyl and [(2Z)-2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively; developed for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin; thiadiazoles	antimicrobial agent
da 8159 udenafil: a pyrazolo-pyrimidinone similar to sildenafil; phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor;	2.03	1	0	sulfonamide
rifabutin [no description available]	4.66	8	0
8-bromocyclic gmp 8-bromo-3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic GMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the guanine ring. A membrane permeable cGMP analogue that activates protein kinase G (PKG). It is 4.3-fold more potent than cGMP in activating PKG1alpha and promotes relaxation of tracheal and vascular smooth muscle tissue in vitro.	3.24	6	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; organobromine compound	muscle relaxant; protein kinase G agonist
trypan blue Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).	2.68	3	0
desmethylolanzapine desmethylolanzapine: structure in first source	2.06	1	0	benzodiazepine
da-8164 DA-8164: metabolite of DA-8159; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	sulfonamide
carbadox Carbadox: An antibacterial agent that has been used in veterinary practice for treating swine dysentery and enteritis and for promoting growth. However, its use has been prohibited in the UK following reports of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p125)	2.07	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
levomefolate calcium levomefolate calcium: an ingredient in Contraceptives, Oral, Combined. levomefolate calcium : An organic calcium salt of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.	3.23	1	0	organic calcium salt	antidepressant
fenobam fenobam: in USAN fenobam refers to monohydrate	2.07	1	0	ureas
guanosine 5'-o-(2-thiotriphosphate) [no description available]	1.98	1	0
cholestyramine resin Cholestyramine Resin: A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium Cl(-) anion.	2.66	3	0
eye [no description available]	2.71	3	0
carbidopa Carbidopa: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that prevents conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no anti-parkinson activity by itself.. carbidopa : The hydrate of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	1.97	1	0
concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.	2.13	1	0
phosphorus radioisotopes Phosphorus Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes.	3.23	6	0
leptin Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.	2.43	2	0
pyrimidinones Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.	3.25	6	0
res 701-1 RES 701-1: a cyclic polypeptide consisting of 16 amino acids; isolated from Streptomyces sp RE-701; amino acid sequence given in first source; an ET(B) endothelin receptor antagonist	1.99	1	0

Intervention	scores on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 6	Change at Week 10	Change at Week 18	Change at Week 26
Placebo	81.9	-9.1	-12.1	-17.2	-16.2
Prazosin	80.7	-9.9	-11.4	-11.6	-14.1

Intervention	Mean percent of any drinking days (Mean)
High Alcohol Withdrawal on Prazosin	26.89
High Alcohol Withdrawal on PLA	41.21
Low Alcohol Withdrawal on Prazosin	53.35
Low Alcohol Withdrawal on PLA	23.71

Intervention	percentage of heavy drinking days (Mean)
High Alcohol Withdrawal (AW) on Prazosin	8.2
High Alcohol Withdrawal (AW) on PLA	27.11
Low Alcohol Withdrawal (AW) on Prazosin	31.29
Low Alcohol Withdrawal (AW) on PLA	7.32

Intervention	percentage of days heavy drinking (Mean)
	Baseline % Days Heavy Drinking	Final medication week % Days Heavy Drinking
Placebo	66.5	22.6
Prazosin	71.8	11.4

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
	systolic blood pressure baseline	systolic blood pressure after methamphetamine
Prazosin 1 mg and Methamphetamine 20 mg	126.5	131
Prazosin 1 mg and Methamphetamine Placebo	110.3	114.3
Prazosin 2 mg and Methamphetamine 20 mg	105	107
Prazosin 2 mg and Methamphetamine Placebo	113.5	122
Prazosin Placebo and Methamphetamine 20 mg	123	119.7
Prazosin Placebo and Methamphetamine Placebo	119.3	131.7

Intervention	beats per minute (Mean)
	Heart rate baseline	Heart rate methamphetamine
Prazosin 1 mg and Methamphetamine 20 mg	75.5	81.5
Prazosin 1 mg and Methamphetamine Placebo	74	83.3
Prazosin 2 mg and Methamphetamine 20 mg	80	70
Prazosin 2 mg and Methamphetamine Placebo	74	81
Prazosin Placebo and Methamphetamine 20 mg	80	82
Prazosin Placebo and Methamphetamine Placebo	78.7	72.7

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	VAS baseline	VAS after methamphetamine
Prazosin 1 mg and Methamphetamine 20 mg	0	10
Prazosin 1 mg and Methamphetamine Placebo	0	0
Prazosin 2 mg and Methamphetamine 20 mg	0	15
Prazosin 2 mg and Methamphetamine Placebo	0	0
Prazosin Placebo and Methamphetamine 20 mg	0	16.7
Prazosin Placebo and Methamphetamine Placebo	0	0

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Total PTSD score	Re-experiencing	Avoidance/numbing	Hypervigilance	Disturbung dreams
Placebo	2.5	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.8
Prazosin	3.1	3.2	2.9	3.2	2.5

Intervention	Z values (Number)
	Pre-to-Post Treatment (Wakefulness > NREM)	Pre-to-Post Treatment (Wakefulness < NREM)	Pre-to-Post Treatment (Wakefulness > REM)	Pre-to-Post Treatment (Wakefulness < REM)	Within-state time-dependent decrease in rCMRglc	Within-state time-dependent increase in rCMRglc
Prazosin -Placebo	3.78	3.76	3.52	3.36	4.12	3.89

Intervention	drinks per week (Mean)
	from 2-4 weeks	from 4-6 weeks
Placebo	14.55	11.11
Prazosin	13.65	15.11

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
24 Hour Postop Catheter Removal	6
72 Hour Postoperative Catheter Removal	7

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	3 Month	6 Month	12 Month
Intervention	13.5	13.3	13.2	13.8
Usual Care	13.4	13.2	13.4	14.2

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Change from Baseline at 3 Months	Change from Baseline at 6 Months	Change from Baseline at 12 Months
Intervention	-16.78	-14.17	-13.23
Usual Care	-15.90	-13.83	-11.68

Intervention	startle potentiation (μV) (Mean)
	Predictable Shock	Unpredictable Shock
Placebo Trials	40.1	25.2
Prazosin 2mg Trials	45.7	33.2

prazosin

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (185)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (3)

Drug Classes (5)

Protein Targets (129)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Activation Measurements

Other Measurements

Biological Processes (585)

Molecular Functions (172)

Ceullar Components (99)

Bioassays (741)

Research

Studies (7,504)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 111.48

Study Types

Clinical Trials (63)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Number of Behavioral Assessment Visits Completed

Mean Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) at Last Observation

Change in Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Total Score Over the Course of Study Participation

Change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Total Score Over the Course of Study Participation

Change in Recurring Distressing Dreams and Difficulty Falling and Staying Asleep Items of the CAPS

Change in Sleep Assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

Clinical Global Impression of Change

Change in Sleep From the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index From Baseline to Week 12

Change in Global Trauma-related Symptom Severity and Functioning From the Clinical Global Impression of Change From Baseline to Week 12

Change in Combat Trauma-related Nightmares From the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item at Week 12

PSG Composite Measure

Insomnia Severity Index

PSQI

Sleep Diary Measures

CAPS Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item

Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC)

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C)

CAPS Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item

Clinical Global Impression of Change

Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9)

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

PTSD Checklist-Military Version (PCL-M) Score

Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI)

SF-12 Mental Standardized Score (SF-12 MCS)

SF-12 Physical Standardized Score (SF-12 PCS)

Total CAPS Score

Percent of Drinkings Days During the Full Dose Period Between Weeks 3 and 12

Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days (HDD%) During the Full Dose Period From Weeks 3-12

Number of Drinking Days

Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale

Alcohol Consumption

Change in Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV (CAPS) Recurrent Distressing Dreams Item

Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC)

Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Clinical Global Impression of Change

Change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale Total Score

Change in Neuropsychiatric Inventory Score

Days in Study

Blood Pressure Effects of Prazosin on Methamphetamine

Heart Effects of Prazosin on Methamphetamine

Self-report Effects of High.

Percent Drinking Days Per Week

Percent Heavy Drinking Days Per Week

Total Drinks Per Week

PTSD Symptom Assessments

Change in the Cambodian Culturally Sensitive Complaint Profile at 12 Weeks in Step II