Page last updated: 2024-12-05

oxymetazoline

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Oxymetazoline is a synthetic imidazoline derivative that acts as a potent alpha-adrenergic agonist. It is primarily used as a topical nasal decongestant, effectively shrinking swollen nasal membranes and relieving congestion. Its synthesis involves a multi-step process, starting with the reaction of 2-imidazoline with an appropriate aldehyde. Oxymetazoline's effects are primarily due to its ability to stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa, resulting in vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow. Its importance lies in its effectiveness in treating nasal congestion associated with conditions like the common cold, sinusitis, and allergic rhinitis. It is studied to understand its pharmacokinetic properties, optimize its formulation for improved efficacy and safety, and explore its potential applications in other medical areas like ophthalmology.'

Oxymetazoline: A direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1251) [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

oxymetazoline : A member of the class of phenols that is 2,4-dimethylphenol which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl and tert-butyl groups, respectively. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to relieve nasal congestion. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID4636
CHEMBL ID762
CHEBI ID7862
SCHEMBL ID24301
MeSH IDM0015681

Synonyms (148)

Synonym
AC-6370
AB00053513-12
BRD-K16195444-001-01-7
gtpl124
DIVK1C_000567
KBIO1_000567
SPECTRUM_001051
phenol, 6-t-butyl-3-(2-imidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-
einecs 216-079-1
oxymetazolinum [inn-latin]
navisin
brn 0886303
nezeril
oxymetazoline [inn:ban]
nafrine
operil
oximetazolina [inn-spanish]
vicks sinex
tocris-1142
NCGC00022345-02
NCGC00015766-02
cas-151615
NCGC00015766-01
lopac-o-2378
LOPAC0_000903
PRESTWICK2_000224
BIOMOL-NT_000161
BSPBIO_000267
BPBIO1_000295
BPBIO1_000419
SPECTRUM5_001114
PRESTWICK3_000224
phenol, 3-[(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethyl- (9ci)
oxylazine
6-t-butyl-3-(2-imidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol
2-(4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxybenzyl)-2-imidazoline
h 990
6-tert-butyl-3-(2-imidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol
sinerol
hsdb 3143
3-[(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol
phenol, 3-((4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-
phenol, 6-tert-butyl-3-(2-imidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-
rhinofrenol
iliadin
phenol, 6-tert-butyl-3-(2-imidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethyl- (7ci,8ci)
oxymethazoline
phenol, 3-[(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-
oximetazolinum
rhinolitan
3-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butyl-phenol
hazol
1491-59-4
C07363
oxymetazoline
afrin
oxymetozoline
DB00935
BSPBIO_002145
IDI1_000567
NCGC00022345-06
NCGC00022345-05
KBIO2_004099
KBIOSS_001531
KBIO3_001645
KBIO2_001531
KBIOGR_000908
KBIO2_006667
SPECTRUM3_000533
PRESTWICK0_000224
SPBIO_001095
SPBIO_002188
SPECTRUM4_000464
NINDS_000567
PRESTWICK1_000224
SPECTRUM2_000998
NCGC00015766-03
NCGC00022345-04
6-tert-butyl-3-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol
HMS2089G03
NCGC00015766-10
CHEMBL762
chebi:7862 ,
nasacon
L000459
operil (tn)
oxymetazoline (inn)
D08322
NCGC00015766-08
STK075254
AKOS007930348
oxymetazolinum
oximetazolina
unii-8vln5b44zy
8vln5b44zy ,
dtxsid3040691 ,
dtxcid1020691
tox21_110217
cas-1491-59-4
CCG-204985
NCGC00015766-06
NCGC00015766-11
NCGC00015766-09
NCGC00015766-07
NCGC00015766-05
NCGC00015766-04
oxymetazoline hydrochloride crystalline
navasin
FT-0601532
oxymetazoline [who-dd]
oxymetazoline [vandf]
oxymetazoline [hsdb]
oxymetazoline [inn]
oxymetazoline [mi]
SCHEMBL24301
tox21_110217_1
NCGC00015766-13
AB00053513-13
oxymetazolina
6-tert-butyl-3-(2-imidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-phenol;hydrochloride
6-tert-butyl-3-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-phenol;hydrochloride
bdbm30712
cid_66259
nasivine (salt/mix)
h-990
6-tert-butyl-3-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol #
AB00053513_15
AB00053513_14
HY-12722
SBI-0050878.P004
NCGC00015766-16
phenol,3-[(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-
6-tert-butyl-3-((4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol
Q417813
6-(tert-butyl)-3-((4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol
BRD-K16195444-003-16-1
SDCCGSBI-0050878.P005
NCGC00015766-21
EN300-23521946
6-tert-butyl-3-[(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,4-dimethylphenol
CS-0012298
oxymetazolinum (inn-latin)
a14aa05
s01ga04
r01aa05
3-((4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol
oximetazolina (inn-spanish)
r01ab07

Research Excerpts

Overview

Oxymetazoline (OXZ) is a synthetic, highly selective agonist for alpha 1A-adrenoceptor. It is commonly used as a topical hemostatic agent in the operating room during ear, nose, and throat surgery.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Oxymetazoline (OXZ) is a synthetic, highly selective agonist for alpha 1A-adrenoceptor."( A split face comparative study using a novel triple combination therapy for the treatment of persistent post acne erythema.
Agamia, N; El-Ariny, A; El-Nagdy, S, 2022
)
1.44
"Oxymetazoline 1.0% cream is an α adrenergic agonist, which has shown to reduce facial erythema."( Treatment of Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea With Pulsed-Dye Laser and Oxymetazoline 1.0% Cream: A Retrospective Study.
Friedman, PM; Macri, A; Munavalli, G; Richmond, H; Suggs, AK, 2020
)
1.51
"Oxymetazoline (OXZ) is a synthetic, direct-acting, sympathomimetic agonist that is highly selective for the 1α-adrenoceptor."( Successful treatment of the face post acne erythema using a topically applied selective alpha 1-Adrenergic receptor agonist, oxymetazoline 1.5%, a controlled left to right face comparative trial.
Agamia, N; Essawy, M; Kassem, A, 2022
)
1.65
"Oxymetazoline is an α-adrenergic agonist that is commonly used as a topical hemostatic agent in the operating room during ear, nose, and throat surgery. "( Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic analysis of oxymetazoline use during nasal surgery in children.
Anderson, BJ; Cartabuke, RS; Elmaraghy, C; Rice, J; Tobias, JD; Tumin, D, 2019
)
2.22
"Oxymetazoline is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist that is commonly used for nasal decongestion and is readily available without a prescription. "( Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction with the use of oxymetazoline nasal spray.
Akkus, NI; Morris, LA; Rajpal, S, 2014
)
2.09
"Oxymetazoline is an over-the-counter nasal decongestant with potent alpha agonist properties. "( Not Just a Drop in the Bucket-Inversion of Oxymetazoline Nasal Decongestant Container Increases Potential for Severe Pediatric Poisoning.
Cantrell, FL; Nordt, SP; Vivero, LE, 2016
)
2.14
"Oxymetazoline is a sympathomimetic amine found in over-the-counter nasal decongestants. "( Thunderclap headache and reversible segmental cerebral vasoconstriction associated with use of oxymetazoline nasal spray.
Hill, MD; Hudon, ME; Loewen, AH, 2004
)
1.98
"Oxymetazoline nasal spray is a potent alpha 1-adrenergic agonist commonly used to vasoconstrict blood vessels in the nasal mucosa. "( Cardiac arrest after oxymetazoline nasal spray.
Thrush, DN, 1995
)
2.05
"Oxymetazoline (OMZ) is an alpha-adrenergic agonist which causes potent vasoconstriction in various tissues. "( Efficacy of oxymetazoline eye drops in non-infectious conjunctivitis, the most common cause of acute red eyes.
Chiou, GC; Xuan, B, 1997
)
2.12
"Oxymetazoline chloride is a commonly used decongestant agent."( Topical vasoconstrictor (oxymetazoline) does not affect histamine-induced mucosal exudation of plasma in human nasal airways.
Alkner, U; Baumgarten, CR; Persson, CG; Pipkorn, U; Svensson, C, 1992
)
1.31
"Oxymetazoline is a potent secretagogue for the salivary glands of rats. "( The effects of oxymetazoline on secretion of protein and some electrolytes by rat submandibular and parotid glands.
Abe, K; Dawes, C, 1985
)
2.06

Effects

Oxymetazoline has been used as decongesting nosedrops for more than 25 years. No objective dose-response study of the drug has been published. The drug has a 50-fold lower affinity for alpha1D ARs compared to alpha1A ARs.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Oxymetazoline has a 50-fold lower affinity for alpha1D ARs compared to alpha1A ARs and also displayed a significant loss of affinity for an alpha1A Leu-290 to Phe mutant."( Bulk is a determinant of oxymetazoline affinity for the alpha1A-adrenergic receptor.
Gaivin, R; McCune, D; Perez, D; Rorabaugh, B, 2004
)
1.35
"Oxymetazoline has a 50-fold lower affinity for alpha1D ARs compared to alpha1A ARs and also displayed a significant loss of affinity for an alpha1A Leu-290 to Phe mutant."( Bulk is a determinant of oxymetazoline affinity for the alpha1A-adrenergic receptor.
Gaivin, R; McCune, D; Perez, D; Rorabaugh, B, 2004
)
1.35
"Oxymetazoline has been used as decongesting nosedrops for more than 25 years but so far no objective dose-response study of the drug has been published. "( Nasal decongestant effect of oxymetazoline in the common cold: an objective dose-response study in 106 patients.
Akerlund, A; Klint, T; Olén, L; Rundcrantz, H, 1989
)
2.01

Actions

Oxymetazoline did not cause ototoxicity in a chinchilla animal model 2 months after a single application via a tympanostomy tube. It has a 50-fold lower affinity for alpha1D ARs compared to alpha1A ARs and also displayed a significant loss of affinity for an alpha 1A Leu-290 to Phe mutant.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Oxymetazoline did not cause ototoxicity in a chinchilla animal model 2 months after a single application via a tympanostomy tube."( Oxymetazoline ototoxicity in a chinchilla animal model.
Akache, F; Akinpelu, OV; Daniel, SJ; Funnell, WR; Sahmkow, S, 2012
)
3.26
"Oxymetazoline has a 50-fold lower affinity for alpha1D ARs compared to alpha1A ARs and also displayed a significant loss of affinity for an alpha1A Leu-290 to Phe mutant."( Bulk is a determinant of oxymetazoline affinity for the alpha1A-adrenergic receptor.
Gaivin, R; McCune, D; Perez, D; Rorabaugh, B, 2004
)
1.35
"The oxymetazoline-evoked increase in urethral pressure was inhibited by WB-4101 with an ID50 (dose that gives half of the inhibitory effect) significantly lower than that for rauwolscine."( Selectivity of oxymetazoline for urethral pressure vs blood pressure in the anaesthetized female rabbit.
Alberts, P; Fredrickson, MG; Gillberg, PG; Modiri, AR, 2000
)
1.14

Treatment

Oxymetazoline treatment delayed the release of NA, the NA biological half-lives rising from 12 up to 36 hours in the heart and from 5.9 up to 21 hours in sub-maxillary glands. Treatment with oxymetazoline as adjunctive therapy with energy-based therapy was safe, well tolerated, and reduced facial erythema.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Oxymetazoline treatment delayed the release of NA, the NA biological half-lives rising from 12 up to 36 hours in the heart and from 5.9 up to 21 hours in sub-maxillary glands."( Effect of the activation of alpha-adrenoreceptors on the synthesis and release of noradrenaline by peripheral adrenergic nerves in vivo.
Beley, A; Bralet, J; Rochette, L, 1976
)
0.98
"oxymetazoline, and pretreatment with the vasopressin antagonist, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP, significantly attenuated it."( Stimulation of central alpha-2 adrenoceptors inhibits gastric secretion in rats by releasing vasopressin.
Puurunen, J, 1988
)
1
"Treatment with oxymetazoline as adjunctive therapy with energy-based therapy was safe, well tolerated, and reduced facial erythema in patients with moderate to severe persistent facial erythema associated with rosacea. "( Oxymetazoline and Energy-Based Therapy in Patients with Rosacea: Evaluation of the Safety and Tolerability in an Open-Label, Interventional Study.
Alvandi, N; Bai, Z; Dover, JS; Geronemus, RG; Goldberg, DJ; Shanler, SD; Tanghetti, EA, 2021
)
2.42
"The treatment with oxymetazoline with preservative, oxymetazoline without preservative and xylometazoline with preservative was evaluated."( [Tolerance and effectiveness of oxymetazoline and xylometazoline in treatment of acute rhinitis].
Dorn, M; Hofmann, W; Knick, E, 2003
)
0.92

Toxicity

Oxymetazoline nasal spray, mupirocin ointment, and clotrimazole cream are safe and effective as off-label medications for tympanostomy tube care in children. However, our analysis of specific adverse events found that the oxymetzoline group was only significantly higher than the vehicle group in the incidence of application-site dermatitis.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" It is concluded that a nasal decongestant spray composed of a combination of vasoactive substance and benzalkonium chloride has a long-term adverse effect on the nasal mucosa."( Benzalkonium chloride in nasal decongestive sprays has a long-lasting adverse effect on the nasal mucosa of healthy volunteers.
Graf, P; Hallén, H, 1995
)
0.29
" Secondary outcomes included vital sign changes, soft-tissue anesthesia, and treatment-emergent adverse events."( Safety and efficacy of a novel nasal spray for maxillary dental anesthesia.
Almubarak, SA; Ayoub, F; Ciancio, SG; Garlapo, DA; Hutcheson, MC; Pantera, CT; Pantera, EA; Sobieraj, BD, 2013
)
0.39
" Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and posttreatment worsening of erythema (composite CEA/SSA increase of 1-grade severity from baseline; rebound effect)."( Pivotal Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Oxymetazoline Cream 1.0% for the Treatment of Persistent Facial Erythema Associated With Rosacea: Findings from the First REVEAL Trial.
Ahluwalia, G; Berk, DR; Cook-Bolden, FE; Draelos, ZD; DuBois, J; Grande, K; Kircik, LH; Weng, E; Werschler, P, 2018
)
0.74
" Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), skin blanching, inflammatory lesion counts, telangiectasia, disease severity, and rebound effect."( Efficacy and safety of oxymetazoline cream 1.0% for treatment of persistent facial erythema associated with rosacea: Findings from the 52-week open label REVEAL trial.
Ahluwalia, G; Alvandi, N; Baumann, L; Berk, DR; Draelos, ZD; Gold, MH; Grekin, SK; Kempers, SE; Robinson, DM; Weiss, RA; Weng, E, 2018
)
0.79
" Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and dermal tolerability."( Pivotal Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Oxymetazoline Cream 1.0% for the Treatment of Persistent Facial Erythema Associated With Rosacea: Findings from the Second REVEAL Trial.
Ahluwalia, G; Baumann, L; Berk, DR; Goldberg, DJ; Kaufman, J; Lain, E; Stein Gold, L; Tanghetti, EA; Weng, E, 2018
)
0.74
"Oxymetazoline nasal spray, mupirocin ointment, and clotrimazole cream are safe and effective as off-label medications for tympanostomy tube care in children."( Oxymetazoline, Mupirocin, Clotrimazole-Safe, Effective, Off-Label Agents for Tympanostomy Tube Care.
Isaacson, G, 2020
)
3.44
" Improvement from baseline in Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) score, patient satisfaction measures, incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and worsening from baseline on dermal tolerability assessments and the Clinician Telangiectasia Assessment (CTA) were assessed."( Oxymetazoline and Energy-Based Therapy in Patients with Rosacea: Evaluation of the Safety and Tolerability in an Open-Label, Interventional Study.
Alvandi, N; Bai, Z; Dover, JS; Geronemus, RG; Goldberg, DJ; Shanler, SD; Tanghetti, EA, 2021
)
2.06
" Given its vasoconstrictive properties, it can have cardiovascular adverse effects when systemically absorbed."( Topical Nasal Decongestant Oxymetazoline: Safety Considerations for Perioperative Pediatric Use.
Cartabuke, R; Jatana, KR; Tobias, JD, 2021
)
0.92
" Data on safety and safe dosage are limited."( Safety of topical administration of nasal decongestants and vasoconstrictors in paediatric nasal surgery - A systematic review.
Edafe, O; Macmillan, AJ; Phoon, KM, 2022
)
0.72
" There is scope for further studies to establish safe dosage in the paediatric population given the paucity of current literature."( Safety of topical administration of nasal decongestants and vasoconstrictors in paediatric nasal surgery - A systematic review.
Edafe, O; Macmillan, AJ; Phoon, KM, 2022
)
0.72
"To quantitatively synthesize the benefits and harms of Oxymetazoline cream 1% in real-world clinical management of treatment response and adverse events."( Benefits and safety of Oxymetazoline cream 1% on rosacea-associated erythema: A systematic review and analysis of clinical evidence.
Yin, D; Yuan, X, 2023
)
1.47
"Since there is currently no conclusion on the efficacy and adverse effects of oxymetazoline, this meta-analysis attempts to explore its efficacy and adverse events, so as to provide guidance for clinical medication."( Efficacy and safety of oxymetazoline for the treatment of rosacea: A meta-analysis.
Cao, Y; Fu, H; Li, Y; Liu, F; Luo, H; Tao, M; Wang, H; Zhou, Q, 2023
)
1.45
" However, our analysis of specific adverse events found that the oxymetazoline group was only significantly higher than the vehicle group in the incidence of application-site dermatitis (RR = 8."( Efficacy and safety of oxymetazoline for the treatment of rosacea: A meta-analysis.
Cao, Y; Fu, H; Li, Y; Liu, F; Luo, H; Tao, M; Wang, H; Zhou, Q, 2023
)
1.46

Pharmacokinetics

Oxymetazoline concentrations from the two-times-MRD administration were approximately 50 percent greater than those from the MRD administration. Pharmacokinetic analyses were conducted in patients receiving oxymetzoline.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The half-life in seconds for xenon clearance on the day when CDA was inhaled was 56 +/- 6, 41 +/- 5, and 110 +/- 31, before, during, and 10 minutes after challenge, respectively."( Decrease in xenon clearance during response to cold, dry air: problems of interpretation.
Bartenfelder, D; Civelek, CA; Fisher, C; Koller, D; La France, ND; Naclerio, RM, 1990
)
0.28
" Measures of fentanyl absorption (mean or median) were similar between Control and Rhinitis conditions: Cmax 453."( Impact of allergic rhinitis and its treatment on the pharmacokinetics of nasally administered fentanyl.
Fisher, AN; Knight, A; Perelman, M; Smith, A, 2013
)
0.39
" Pharmacokinetic analyses were conducted in patients receiving oxymetazoline."( Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Oxymetazoline Cream Following Topical Facial Administration for the Treatment of Erythema Associated With Rosacea.
Ahluwalia, G; Attar, M; DuBois, J; Kuang, AW, 2018
)
1.01
"2), with slow absorption from the mucosal surface (absorption half-life 64 minutes; 95% CI: 44-90)."( Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic analysis of oxymetazoline use during nasal surgery in children.
Anderson, BJ; Cartabuke, RS; Elmaraghy, C; Rice, J; Tobias, JD; Tumin, D, 2019
)
0.78

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" In the first study (study 1), oxymetazoline administered with a bellows (OXBE) was compared both with a placebo belows (PLBE) as well as with oxymetazoline and placebo administered with a conventional nasal spray (OXSP respective PLSP) in 73 patients."( The efficacy of oxymetazoline administered with a nasal bellows container and combined with oral phenoxymethyl-penicillin in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis.
Berglund, R; Stierna, P; Tönnesson, M; Westrin, KM; Wiklund, L, 1994
)
0.92
"To observe and analyze the effect of compound shuanghua tablets combined with western medicine on serum and secretion inflammatory factors in patients with acute secretory otitis media caused by swimming."( Compound shuanghua tablets combined with Western medicine on serum and secretion inflammatory factors in patients with acute secretory otitis media caused by swimming.
Zhang, W, 2018
)
0.48

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The absolute bioavailability (f) and pharmacokinetics of transnasal butorphanol were evaluated in patients experiencing rhinitis."( The absolute bioavailability of transnasal butorphanol in patients experiencing rhinitis.
Barbhaiya, RH; Pittman, KA; Robinson, DS; Shyu, WC, 1993
)
0.29
"4 pg×h/ml); but, more clinically relevant were the delayed rate of absorption (tmax 53 minutes) and reduced Cmax (235."( Impact of allergic rhinitis and its treatment on the pharmacokinetics of nasally administered fentanyl.
Fisher, AN; Knight, A; Perelman, M; Smith, A, 2013
)
0.39
" Compared to data on oxymetazoline in spray formulation, bioavailability was increased twofold with pledgets, but systemic absorption was very slow, contributing to low serum concentrations and limited hemodynamic effects."( Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic analysis of oxymetazoline use during nasal surgery in children.
Anderson, BJ; Cartabuke, RS; Elmaraghy, C; Rice, J; Tobias, JD; Tumin, D, 2019
)
1.09
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019
)
0.51

Dosage Studied

Oxymetazoline nasal products might not be a safety concern because of the typical low-dose and brief dosage regimen limited to nasal delivery. In the absence of morphine the inhibitory effects of the presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor agonists were much reduced and the dose-response curve was flat. To date, there have not been adequate pediatric pharmacokinetic studies of oxymetzoline.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"4 X 10(-6) M) produced parallel shifts to the right of the dose-response curves to noradrenaline and oxymetazoline in isolated strips of cat splenic capsule."( The effects of labetalol (AH 5158) on adrenergic transmission in the cat spleen.
Blakeley, AG; Summers, RJ, 1977
)
0.47
" 2 In the absence of morphine the inhibitory effects of the presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor agonists, clonidine and oxymetazoline were much reduced and the dose-response curve was flat."( The inhibitory effects of presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor agonists on contractions of guinea-pig ileum and mouse vas deferens in the morphine-dependent and withdrawn states produced in vitro.
Gillan, MG; Kosterlitz, HW; Robson, LE; Waterfield, AA, 1979
)
0.47
" Cocaine (2 x 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M) produced 2 and 7 fold shifts to the left of the dose-response curve to (-)-noradrenaline recorded isotonically in isolated splenic capsular strips of the cat."( Investigation of the role of calcium in the supersensitivity produced by cocaine in cat spleen strips.
Summers, RJ; Tillman, J, 1979
)
0.26
" Dose-response curves to the imidazoline, oxymetazoline, in the presence and absence of maximally stimulating concentrations of norepinephrine, indicated that oxymetazoline caused a dose-dependent inhibition of norepinephrine-stimulated hydrolysis of phosphoinositide."( Differences in imidazoline and phenylethylamine alpha-adrenergic agonists: comparison of binding affinity and phosphoinositide response.
Crews, FT; Raulli, RE, 1991
)
0.55
"Oxymetazoline has been used as decongesting nosedrops for more than 25 years but so far no objective dose-response study of the drug has been published."( Nasal decongestant effect of oxymetazoline in the common cold: an objective dose-response study in 106 patients.
Akerlund, A; Klint, T; Olén, L; Rundcrantz, H, 1989
)
2.01
" The dose-response curves generated by the model for partial agonists were similar to the curves obtained experimentally in vitro."( Relationship between alpha-adrenoceptor occupancy and contractile response in rat vas deferens. Experimental and theoretical analysis.
Díaz-Toledo, A; Martí, MC, 1988
)
0.27
" Ninety-eight ferrets were used in these experiments, which were undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of steroids and/or a long-acting vasoconstrictor, to develop dose-response curves for dexamethasone sodium phosphate if it proved efficacious, and to evaluate the possible synergistic effects of combination therapy."( Use of steroids and a long-acting vasoconstrictor in the treatment of postintubation croup. A ferret model.
Pillsbury, HC; Postma, DS; Prazma, J; Sidman, J; Woods, CI, 1987
)
0.27
"3 alpha-Adrenoceptors appear to be involved in the reaction, since noradrenaline showed stereospecificity, and the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists phentolamine and piperoxan both shifted the dose-response curves of the alpha-adrenoceptor agonist drugs to the right, usually parallel to the control curves."( Studies on the antinociceptive action of alpha-agonist drugs and their interactions with opioid mechanisms.
Bentley, GA; Newton, SH; Starr, J, 1983
)
0.27
" The assay permitted the analysis of nine samples per hour with the requisite sensitivity and selectivity and was used to determine the blood pharmacokinetics of oxymetazoline in rats dosed via intravenous and intranasal routes."( Rapid liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay for oxymetazoline in whole rat blood.
Baker, TR; Dobson, RL; Hayes, FJ; Tsueda, MS, 1995
)
0.73
" The dose-response curve was of an inverted U shape since with 10 micrograms of oxymetazoline the plasma GH did not rise."( Hypothalamic alpha 2A-adrenoceptors stimulate growth hormone release in the rat.
Kiem, DT; Makara, GB; Vizi, ES, 1995
)
0.52
"10 ml in each puff with a dosage used in clinical practice."( Effects of topical nasal decongestants on histology of nasal respiratory mucosa in rabbits.
Chon, KM; Hong, SH; Jeong, CH; Min, YG; Suh, SH, 1995
)
0.29
" On days 1, 2, 3, and 7, NAR and VAS measurements were obtained before the morning dose and up to 6 hours after dosing; clinical visual examinations were also performed before dosing on these days."( An evaluation of nasal response following different treatment regimes of oxymetazoline with reference to rebound congestion.
Eccles, R; Martez, SJ; Morris, S; Riker, DK; Witek, TJ,
)
0.36
" Dose-response data show dexmedetomidine to be the most potent inhibitor."( Inhibition of water permeability in the rat collecting duct: effect of imidazoline and alpha-2 compounds.
Hébert, CA; Kudo, LH; Rouch, AJ, 1999
)
0.3
"To evaluate the dose-response relationship of increasing doses of oxymetazoline compared with placebo in normal subjects, and to determine the sensitivities of rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry and symptoms in discriminating between differing doses of oxymetazoline in normal subjects."( Evaluation of the dose-response relationship for intra-nasal oxymetazoline hydrochloride in normal adults.
Bickford, L; Shakib, S; Taverner, D; Tonkin, A, 1999
)
0.78
"The study had a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, dose-response design."( Evaluation of the dose-response relationship for intra-nasal oxymetazoline hydrochloride in normal adults.
Bickford, L; Shakib, S; Taverner, D; Tonkin, A, 1999
)
0.54
"tVOL shows a clear dose-response relationship for the range of doses of oxymetazoline administered."( Evaluation of the dose-response relationship for intra-nasal oxymetazoline hydrochloride in normal adults.
Bickford, L; Shakib, S; Taverner, D; Tonkin, A, 1999
)
0.78
" In the first 3 h after administration of PPA, there was a dose-response increase in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, which then returned to baseline."( Effects of sustained-release oral phenylpropanolamine on the nasal mucosa of healthy subjects.
Graf, P; Hallén, H; Palm, J; Toll, K, 1999
)
0.3
" Sympathomimetic dosage and type, time interval until stroke onset, and neuroimaging findings are described."( Stroke associated with sympathomimetics contained in over-the-counter cough and cold drugs.
Arauz, A; Barinagarrementeria, F; Cantu, C; López, M; Murillo-Bonilla, LM, 2003
)
0.32
" Bioadhesive nasal inserts have a high potential as new nasal dosage form for extended drug delivery."( In situ gelling, bioadhesive nasal inserts for extended drug delivery: in vitro characterization of a new nasal dosage form.
Bertram, U; Bodmeier, R, 2006
)
0.33
" At higher concentrations, 3 x 10(-5) and 10(-4) m, of the antagonist, the agonist dose-response curve was shifted to the right with a decrease in the maximum effect."( Antagonism by imidazoline-type drugs of muscarinic and other receptors in the guinea-pig ileum.
Miller, DD; Patil, PN; Salazar-Bookaman, MM, 2006
)
0.33
"Outcomes evaluated were peak nasal inspiratory flow, nasal resistance, blood flow, and oxymetazoline dose-response curve (DRC)."( Fluticasone reverses oxymetazoline-induced tachyphylaxis of response and rebound congestion.
Clearie, K; Khan, F; Lipworth, B; Vaidyanathan, S; Williamson, P, 2010
)
0.9
" Nevertheless, we conclude that the formation of this reactive species might not be a safety concern for oxymetazoline nasal products because of the typical low-dose and brief dosage regimen limited to nasal delivery."( In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
Daniels, JS; Gan, LS; LeDuc, BW; Mahajan, MK; Uttamsingh, V; Williams, DA, 2011
)
0.89
" A dose-response curve was constructed using doubling doses of oxymetazoline of 25 μg, 50 μg, 100 μg, and 200 μg at 20 minute intervals."( Comparative evaluation of nasal blood flow and airflow in the decongestant response to oxymetazoline.
Lipworth, B; Vaidyanathan, S; Williamson, P, 2012
)
0.84
" High resolution MRI scans of the nasal turbinates were obtained immediately prior to dosing (baseline) and at approximately 1, 8, 10, 11, and 12 h after dosing."( Effectiveness of 0.05% oxymetazoline (Vicks Sinex Micromist®) nasal spray in the treatment of objective nasal congestion demonstrated to 12 h post-administration by magnetic resonance imaging.
Brum, J; Glover, M; Gowland, P; Guthrie, G; Hull, D; Kappler, G; Pritchard, S; Ramsey, D; Stuart, S; Thomas, P, 2014
)
0.71
" Plasma samples for pharmacokinetic assessments were collected prior to dosing and 6 times postdose on days 1 and 28."( Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Oxymetazoline Cream Following Topical Facial Administration for the Treatment of Erythema Associated With Rosacea.
Ahluwalia, G; Attar, M; DuBois, J; Kuang, AW, 2018
)
0.77
"This phase 2 study evaluated the optimal oxymetazoline dosing regimen in patients with moderate to severe persistent facial erythema of rosacea."( Phase 2 Randomized, Dose-Ranging Study of Oxymetazoline Cream for Treatment of Persistent Facial Erythema Associated With Rosacea.
Ahluwalia, G; Berk, DR; Dover, JS; DuBois, J; Jones, TM; Weiss, RA, 2018
)
1.01
"0% QD provided the optimal dosing regimen and was selected for evaluation in phase 3 clinical studies."( Phase 2 Randomized, Dose-Ranging Study of Oxymetazoline Cream for Treatment of Persistent Facial Erythema Associated With Rosacea.
Ahluwalia, G; Berk, DR; Dover, JS; DuBois, J; Jones, TM; Weiss, RA, 2018
)
0.75
" To date, there have not been adequate pediatric pharmacokinetic studies of oxymetazoline, so caution should be exercised with both the quantity of dosing and the technique of administration."( Topical Nasal Decongestant Oxymetazoline: Safety Considerations for Perioperative Pediatric Use.
Cartabuke, R; Jatana, KR; Tobias, JD, 2021
)
1.15
" Data on safety and safe dosage are limited."( Safety of topical administration of nasal decongestants and vasoconstrictors in paediatric nasal surgery - A systematic review.
Edafe, O; Macmillan, AJ; Phoon, KM, 2022
)
0.72
" There is scope for further studies to establish safe dosage in the paediatric population given the paucity of current literature."( Safety of topical administration of nasal decongestants and vasoconstrictors in paediatric nasal surgery - A systematic review.
Edafe, O; Macmillan, AJ; Phoon, KM, 2022
)
0.72
"These real-world data on Oxymetazoline cream 1% in rosacea-associated erythema may help making clinic decision and informing treatment expectations, and more clinic trials on longer-term dosing or the combination treatment with oral medication and energy-based therapy are worth exploring."( Benefits and safety of Oxymetazoline cream 1% on rosacea-associated erythema: A systematic review and analysis of clinical evidence.
Yin, D; Yuan, X, 2023
)
1.52
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (4)

RoleDescription
alpha-adrenergic agonistAn agent that selectively binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors.
sympathomimetic agentA drug that mimics the effects of stimulating postganglionic adrenergic sympathetic nerves. Included in this class are drugs that directly stimulate adrenergic receptors and drugs that act indirectly by provoking the release of adrenergic transmitters.
nasal decongestantA drug used to relieve nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract.
vasoconstrictor agentDrug used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (3)

ClassDescription
phenolsOrganic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring.
carboxamidineCompounds having the structure RC(=NR)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic nomenclature to denote the -C(=NH)NH2 group including its carbon atom.
imidazolinesDiazoline compounds having the nitrogen atoms at the 1- and 3-positions and a double bond at an unspecified position.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (69)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency61.19360.004023.8416100.0000AID485290
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency11.88320.006038.004119,952.5996AID1159521
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.41250.35487.935539.8107AID624146
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.97630.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.73080.000714.592883.7951AID1259392
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.71680.001318.074339.8107AID926
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency34.18540.001310.157742.8575AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.94970.00108.379861.1304AID1645840
glucocerebrosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.48130.01268.156944.6684AID2101
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.68340.035520.977089.1251AID504332
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.53670.00207.533739.8107AID891
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.30960.00255.840031.6228AID899
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.84890.01789.637444.6684AID588834
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.58930.031622.3146100.0000AID588579
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.84890.031610.279239.8107AID884; AID885
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.10640.00106.000935.4813AID943; AID944
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency12.58930.020010.786931.6228AID912
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.39810.891312.067628.1838AID1487
chaperonin GroELMethanococcus maripaludis S2Potency100.000031.622831.622831.6228AID488978
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.58930.011912.222168.7989AID588378
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.84891.000012.224831.6228AID885
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC50 (µMol)0.57800.00011.00768.7800AID625218
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Ki0.30300.00000.887110.0000AID625218
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)3.26100.00001.15467.5858AID625154
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.45500.00000.79519.1201AID625154
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.33200.00010.99178.0000AID625155
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.95700.00000.72926.9183AID625155
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.02300.00001.44217.3470AID625201
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.08900.00010.807410.0000AID1063789; AID35785; AID36039; AID36071; AID36180; AID36204; AID36205; AID36206; AID36208; AID36209; AID36210; AID36211; AID36212; AID36325; AID36497; AID36514; AID625201
Cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.20000.00002.015110.0000AID625249
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.27300.00001.23808.1590AID625202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.41010.00020.725710.0000AID35785; AID36039; AID36180; AID36204; AID36205; AID36206; AID36208; AID36209; AID36210; AID36211; AID36212; AID36236; AID36325; AID36497; AID36514; AID625202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)Ki0.01320.00000.50723.7020AID36463
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.63300.00001.47257.8980AID625203
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.10900.00030.483410.0000AID1063788; AID35785; AID36039; AID36180; AID36204; AID36205; AID36206; AID36208; AID36209; AID36210; AID36211; AID36212; AID36325; AID36497; AID36514; AID36533; AID625203
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorMesocricetus auratus (golden hamster)Ki0.20420.00002.01679.6000AID37185
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorSus scrofa (pig)Ki0.02100.00441.37514.1000AID36501
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.00560.00031.38338.4000AID625190
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.00320.00010.739610.0000AID625190
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.20020.00000.929610.0000AID1353524; AID36362; AID37220; AID37221; AID37222; AID37223; AID37224; AID37226; AID37228; AID37229; AID37230; AID37359
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.20730.00000.970810.0000AID1353524; AID37220; AID37221; AID37222; AID37223; AID37224; AID37226; AID37228; AID37229; AID37230; AID37359
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.20730.00000.937510.0000AID1353524; AID37220; AID37221; AID37222; AID37223; AID37224; AID37226; AID37228; AID37229; AID37230; AID37359
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.33110.00000.575110.0000AID35739
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.84400.00020.75688.8970AID625200
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.92970.00000.360910.0000AID35463; AID36325; AID625200
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.00040.00010.808710.0000AID4618
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.00030.00010.54859.2100AID4249
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.28500.00010.88018.8500AID625192
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.36700.00000.385510.0000AID625192
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.57800.00011.03029.0000AID625218
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.30300.00010.954910.0000AID625218
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.00560.00051.48357.8000AID625190
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.00320.00031.29679.2440AID625190
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorMus musculus (house mouse)Ki0.09130.00020.10912.1500AID36361; AID36362; AID36363
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.12970.00000.272610.0000AID35739; AID36136; AID36325
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.35930.00000.471310.0000AID36325; AID37185; AID37359
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)3.05600.00011.18738.9125AID625217
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.94500.00030.769310.0000AID625217
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.33110.00000.965010.0000AID35739
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.67000.00170.83815.4200AID625221
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.77500.00020.522910.0000AID625221
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorMus musculus (house mouse)Ki0.09130.00020.10912.1500AID36361; AID36362; AID36363
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorMus musculus (house mouse)Ki0.09130.00020.10912.1500AID36361; AID36362; AID36363
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)Ki0.00150.00150.10190.2200AID35908
NischarinHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.00620.00420.21923.8019AID342861
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)0.00330.00080.37336.7100AID35956
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)12.56940.00543.251020.9400AID36629; AID37346
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)25.11890.02700.87933.0000AID37346
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)25.11890.02700.97093.0000AID37346
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)25.11890.02700.97093.0000AID37346
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)11.71420.00151.72275.6000AID32972; AID35447; AID35453
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)0.02000.01260.03790.0631AID36629
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)0.02000.00130.03880.0970AID36629
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1FRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)0.02000.01260.03190.0631AID36629
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)0.02010.00010.50987.1000AID32967; AID36133; AID36629
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)11.71420.00011.30105.6000AID32970; AID37346; AID37350
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (190)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
signal transductionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of locomotionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
gastric acid secretionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transportMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
transmission of nerve impulseMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylationMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytokine productionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
DNA replicationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Rho protein signal transductionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
female pregnancyAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine secretionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstrictionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
platelet activationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migrationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase B activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epinephrine secretionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hormone stimulusAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor transactivationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
vasodilationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasisAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
fear responseAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transportAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAP kinase activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosisAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intestinal absorptionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
thermoceptionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid catabolic processAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysisAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transportAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulusAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of uterine smooth muscle contractionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of wound healingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
coumarin metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
isoquinoline alkaloid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of bindingCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular organofluorine metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascadeAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle contractionAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signalingAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
female pregnancyAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine secretionAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
platelet activationAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase B activityAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epinephrine secretionAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor transactivationAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron differentiationAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood pressureAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contractionAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstrictionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
regulation of cardiac muscle contractionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
regulation of smooth muscle contractionAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signalingAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine secretionAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstrictionAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
platelet activationAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase B activityAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epinephrine secretionAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor transactivationAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron differentiationAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin secretionAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron-glial cell signalingAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signalingAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstrictionAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
intestine smooth muscle contraction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of locomotion5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
vasoconstriction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of behavior5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor internalization5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine secretion5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of serotonin secretion5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
response to cocaine5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
vasoconstriction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
drinking behavior5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
bone remodeling5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of behavior5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
response to mineralocorticoid5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to alkaloid5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to temperature stimulus5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
temperature homeostasis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
glycolytic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular calcium ion homeostasis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
activation of phospholipase C activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
memory5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine secretion5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
artery smooth muscle contraction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of heat generation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion transport5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
protein localization to cytoskeleton5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fat cell differentiation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glycolytic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstriction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
sensitization5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to cocaine5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory response5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of platelet aggregation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral fear response5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular calcium ion homeostasis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
locomotory behavior5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
feeding behavior5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
cGMP-mediated signaling5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of nervous system process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of appetite5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fat cell differentiation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascadeAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of heart rate involved in baroreceptor response to increased systemic arterial blood pressureAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine-epinephrine vasoconstriction involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressureAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of heart rate by epinephrine-norepinephrineAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by epinephrine-norepinephrineAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
smooth muscle contractionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of phospholipase C activityAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adult heart developmentAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to hormoneAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of autophagyAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophyAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergicAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of action potentialAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstrictionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle contractionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transport into cytosolAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle contractionAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell developmentAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein kinase C signalingAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
pilomotor reflexAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron-glial cell signalingAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signalingAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstrictionAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cardiac muscle contractionAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron-glial cell signalingAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell signalingAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neural crest cell migration5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytokine production5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor internalization5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
heart morphogenesis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle hypertrophy5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular calcium ion homeostasis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
activation of phospholipase C activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
neural crest cell differentiation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
intestine smooth muscle contraction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
phosphorylation5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
calcium-mediated signaling5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
cGMP-mediated signaling5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
vasoconstriction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAP kinase activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
embryonic morphogenesis5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of behavior5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell division5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
ERK1 and ERK2 cascade5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C signaling5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to temperature stimulus5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex cell migration5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of TOR signaling5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of smooth muscle contractionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
regulation of vasoconstrictionAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
platelet activationAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
negative regulation of receptor internalizationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of translationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA metabolic processAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
P-body assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA transportAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
Rac protein signal transductionNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migrationNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
outer dynein arm assemblyNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (44)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-1B adrenergic receptor bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-2C adrenergic receptor bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
thioesterase bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
heterotrimeric G-protein bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epinephrine bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine bindingAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activityAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activityAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epinephrine bindingAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
alpha2-adrenergic receptor activityAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-2A adrenergic receptor bindingAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epinephrine bindingAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activityAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activityAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
protein binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
Gq/11-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
protein binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activator activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
Gq/11-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
protein binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activityAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
alpha1-adrenergic receptor activityAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Gq/11-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
G-protein alpha-subunit binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activator activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
protein binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
serotonin binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
histamine receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol bindingNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
dynein heavy chain bindingNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-tubulin bindingNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (45)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
dendriteMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
synapseMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
dendriteMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
synapseMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
axon terminusAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zone membraneAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dopaminergic synapseAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic density membraneAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapseAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor complexAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
cytoplasmAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
plasma membraneAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
caveolaAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
nuclear membraneAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorBos taurus (cattle)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
cytoplasmAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endosomeAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
synapse5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1DHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
calyx of Held5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
serotonergic synapse5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)
neurofilament5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
caveola5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
axon5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic vesicle5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic shaft5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
cell body fiber5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
synapse5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
caveolaAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-1A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
caveolaAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-1B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
synapse5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
cilium5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
synapse5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi networkAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
membraneAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complexAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
early endosomeNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
membraneNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
recycling endosomeNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmNischarinHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (215)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1347091qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347106qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347154Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347108qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347100qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347093qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347090qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1508630Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347094qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347104qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347159Primary screen GU Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347160Primary screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347411qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID504749qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation2011Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043
Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1347057CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347058CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID588349qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID1347050Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID504836Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation2002The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16
Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID1347049Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347405qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347059CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - Alpha assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347151Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347410qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library2019Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID1347045Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID588378qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID35450Agonist potency at alpha 2c adrenoceptors assayed in CHO cells expressing human Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor; ND is No Data.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216586Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216551Retention time of the compound at 50 uM by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216611Activity of human recombinant CYP1A2 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37224Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat RNG clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID503832Partial agonist activity at adrenergic alpha2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells coexpressing yellow fluorescent and cyan fluorescent protein assessed as effect on kinetics of receptor conformational change by FRET assay2005Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 1, Issue:1
Molecular basis of inverse agonism in a G protein-coupled receptor.
AID35463Affinity to human Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor determined by radioligand binding techniques from rat-1 fibroblasts membranes2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216585Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37044Binding affinity towards Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor in rat submaxillary glands1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID37036In vitro agonist potency towards Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor in rat vas deferens1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID1216565Drug metabolism in NADPH non-supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction treated with 50 uM oxymetazoline assessed as compound-N-acetyl cysteine conjugate formation in presence of N-acetyl cysteine by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36039Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in canine adipocytes1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1216564Drug level in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction treated with 50 uM oxymetazoline assessed as compound-N-acetyl cysteine conjugate formation in presence of N-acetyl cysteine by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37221Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in neonatal rat lung1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36205Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human OK cells1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35908Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in bovine pineal1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID4288Adenyl cyclase activity was expressed as percent forskolin response against 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor at concentration 10 uM1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1216598Activity of human recombinant CYP2C19 assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216608Activity of human recombinant CYP2E1 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216575Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction assessed as 3-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216571Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver S9 fraction assessed as 3-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36133Agonist potency at Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor assayed in rat-1 fibroblasts expressing human Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID180025Percent response towards alpha 1A adrenergic receptor in rat vas deferens using phenylephrine as control agonist1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID342861Displacement of [125I]PIC from human imidazoline receptor 1 in human platelets analyzed under norepinephrine mask of alpha 2AR2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15
QSAR study of imidazoline antihypertensive drugs.
AID1216581Activity of human recombinant CYP2C18 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36180Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in hamster adipocytes1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID37222Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat RG10 clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1063789Displacement of [125I]Clonidine from adrenergic alpha2A receptor (unknown origin)2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2
The synthesis and comparative receptor binding affinities of novel, isomeric pyridoindolobenzazepine scaffolds.
AID32970Potency against cloned human alpha 1B adrenoceptor expressed in rat-1 fibroblasts.2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonists: the identification of alpha(1A) subtype selective 2'-carboxylic acid esters and amides.
AID32967Agonist potency against cloned human alpha 1A adrenoceptor expressed in rat-1 fibroblasts.2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonists: the identification of alpha(1A) subtype selective 2'-carboxylic acid esters and amides.
AID227718Binding energy by using the equation deltaG obsd = -RT ln KD1984Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Functional group contributions to drug-receptor interactions.
AID60508Percent response towards alpha 1A adrenergic receptor in canine prostate using phenylephrine as control agonist1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID1216568Activity of human recombinant CYP2C19 assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID234297Selectivity is the ratio of binding affinities of alpha 1A adrenergic receptor to alpha 1b adrenergic receptor1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID36629In vitro activation of human alpha-1A receptor expressed in rat-1 fibroblasts via calcium mobilization through the Gq coupled PLC pathway as functional assay2002Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-25, Volume: 12, Issue:4
2-(anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1A adrenergic receptor agonists: 2'-heteroaryl and 2'-oxime ether series.
AID1216610Activity of human recombinant CYP3A4 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37223Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat RG20 clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36212Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human platelets1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1216603Activity of human recombinant CYP1A2 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216588Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216606Activity of human recombinant CYP2C9 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216614Activity of human recombinant CYP2C9 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216583Activity of human recombinant CYP2D6 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36514Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rabbit adipocytes1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1137409Displacement of [3H]clonidine from alpha-adrenergic receptor in rat brain1979Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 22, Issue:11
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of cyclic amidines. 1. Electronic structure of some alpha-adrenergic benzylimidazolines.
AID35785Binding affinity towards Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1216597Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver S9 fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36533Affinity to human Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor determined by radioligand binding techniques from chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID35160In vitro agonist potency towards Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor in rat spleen1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID1216569Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver S9 fraction assessed as (S)-2-amino-5-((R)-3-(5-tert-butyl-2-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid formation a2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID234298Selectivity is the ratio of binding affinities of alpha 1A adrenergic receptor to alpha 1d adrenergic receptor1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID1216600Activity of human recombinant CYP2C19 assessed as (S)-2-amino-5-((R)-3-(5-tert-butyl-2-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid formation at 50 uM in presence of2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216582Activity of human recombinant CYP2E1 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID35186The ability to displace [3H]clonidine from the Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor was determined in rat brain membrane1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 25, Issue:12
alpha 2 adrenoceptors: classification, localization, mechanisms, and targets for drugs.
AID36501Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in porcine alpha2-clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID4618Binding affinity towards human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor using [3H]5-HT trifluoroacetate as radioligand1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1216602Activity of human recombinant CYP2C19 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in absence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216592Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37230Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat submaxillaries1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID37346Agonist potency at Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor expressed in rat-1 fibroblasts2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216554Drug recovery in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction treated with 50 uM oxymetazoline assessed as compound level after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216593Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36470In vitro agonist potency towards Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor in canine prostate1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID36130Efficacy as % of the maximal effect observed for nonselective agonist phenylephrine in rat-1 fibroblasts expressing human Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216579Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver S9 fraction assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216580Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver S9 fraction assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1353524Displacement of [3H]-clonidine from alpha2-adrenergic receptor in rat brain cortex after 30 mins by Microbeta scintillation counting method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-10, Volume: 147Computer-aided insights into receptor-ligand interaction for novel 5-arylhydantoin derivatives as serotonin 5-HT
AID1216576Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216584Activity of human recombinant CYP3A4 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36211Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human alpha2C4 clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36362Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in mouse Malpha2-4H1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID342863Selectivity ratio of pKi for human imidazoline receptor 1 to pKi for human alpha2 adrenoceptors2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15
QSAR study of imidazoline antihypertensive drugs.
AID233040Binding Selectivity was determined [Selectivity = Ki against h5-HT1B receptor / Ki against h5-HT1D receptor]1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1216567Activity of human recombinant CYP2C19 assessed as 3-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36522Efficacy as percentage of the maximal effect observed for nonselective agonist UK-14304 in CHO cells expressing human Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor; ND is No Data.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID4662Adenyl cyclase activity was expressed as percent forskolin response against 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor at concentration 1 uM1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID36325Binding affinity towards Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1216577Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of N-acetyl cysteine by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37185Binding affinity towards hamster clonal Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID1216591Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID763645Displacement of [3H]-RX821002 from alpha2 adrenoreceptor in rat brain cortical membranes after 45 mins by competition assay in presence of GTP2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new N-phenylpiperazine derivatives designed as homologues of the antipsychotic lead compound LASSBio-579.
AID311932Inhibition of ASM in human H4 cells assessed as residual activity at 10 uM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-24, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification of new functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase using a structure-property-activity relation model.
AID36204Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human HT-29 cells1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35956Agonist potency at Alpha-2A stably expressed in CHO cells.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID35447Agonist potency at Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor assayed in rat-1 fibroblasts expressing human Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID35739Binding affinity towards rat clonal Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID4520Compound was tested for 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D like receptor-mediated vascular effect in rabbit saphenous vein (RSV)1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID36497Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in opossum kidney1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1216574Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction assessed as (S)-5-((R)-3-(2-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-2-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid formation at 50 uM i2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID4287Adenyl cyclase activity was expressed as percent forskolin response against 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor at concentration 1 uM1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID36463Binding affinity towards bovine clonal Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID180026Percent response towards alpha 1B adrenergic receptor in rat spleen using phenylephrine as control agonist1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID1216607Activity of human recombinant CYP2C18 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID35453In vitro activation of human alpha-1D receptor expressed in rat-1 fibroblasts via calcium using mobilization through the Gq coupled PLC pathway as functional assay2002Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-25, Volume: 12, Issue:4
2-(anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1A adrenergic receptor agonists: 2'-heteroaryl and 2'-oxime ether series.
AID36363Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]-MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in mouse NG-108 cells1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35954Efficacy as percentage of the maximal effect observed for nonselective agonist UK-14304 in CHO cells expressing human Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216590Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216613Activity of human recombinant CYP2C8 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID180028Percent response towards alpha 1D adrenergic receptor in rat aorta using phenylephrine as control agonist1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID1216609Activity of human recombinant CYP2D6 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID4663Adenyl cyclase activity was expressed as percent forskolin response against 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor at concentration 10 uM1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1216604Activity of human recombinant CYP2B6 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID32966Efficacy against alpha 1A adrenoceptor in human expressed as phenylephrine response at the dose of 40 uM2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonists: the identification of alpha(1A) subtype selective 2'-carboxylic acid esters and amides.
AID36206Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human Y-79 cells1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1216578Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37343Efficacy as % of the maximal effect observed for nonselective agonist phenylephrine in rat-1 fibroblasts expressing human Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor; ND is No Data2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216594Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver S9 fraction assessed as (S)-2-amino-5-((R)-3-(5-tert-butyl-2-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid formation2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1063788Displacement of [125I]Clonidine from adrenergic alpha2C receptor (unknown origin)2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2
The synthesis and comparative receptor binding affinities of novel, isomeric pyridoindolobenzazepine scaffolds.
AID37229Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat kidney1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1216573Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver S9 fraction assessed as (S)-2-amino-5-((R)-3-(5-tert-butyl-2-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid formatio2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36410Agonist potency at Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor assayed in CHO cells expressing human Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor; Nd is No Data.2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID32972Potency against cloned human alpha 1D-adrenoceptor expressed in rat-1 fibroblasts.2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonists: the identification of alpha(1A) subtype selective 2'-carboxylic acid esters and amides.
AID36210Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]-MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human alpha-2C2 clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36361Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in mouse Malpha2-10H clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID1216570Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver S9 fraction assessed as (S)-5-((R)-3-(2-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-2-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid formation at 50 uM in p2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37228Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat enterocytes1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID23715Apparent partion coefficient of compound was evaluated in octanol/buffer at pH of 7.4 at 37 degree Centigrade1984Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID1216595Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver S9 fraction assessed as (S)-5-((R)-3-(2-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-2-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid formation at 50 uM in2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID3678350% inhibition of specific [3H]clonidine binding (0.4 nM) to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in rat isolated brain membranes1984Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID1216572Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver S9 fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216587Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rabbit liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36236Affinity to human Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor determined by radioligand binding techniques from chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216553Drug recovery in NADPH supplemented rat liver S9 fraction treated with 50 uM oxymetazoline assessed as compound level after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37359Affinity to human Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor determined by radioligand binding techniques from rat-1 fibroblasts membranes2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID36071Affinity to human Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor determined by radioligand binding techniques from chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID37226Inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in rat adipocytes1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID36715Binding affinity against alpha-1 adrenergic receptor is the ability to inhibit the specific [3H]prazosin binding (0.4 nM) to rat isolated brain membranes by 50% was reported.1984Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID37350In vitro activation of human Alpha-1B receptor expressed in rat-1 fibroblasts via calcium mobilization through the Gq coupled PLC pathway as functional assay2002Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-25, Volume: 12, Issue:4
2-(anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1A adrenergic receptor agonists: 2'-heteroaryl and 2'-oxime ether series.
AID1216596Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented human liver S9 fraction assessed as 3-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM in presence of glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID4249Binding affinity towards human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor using [3H]5-HT trifluoroacetate as radioligand1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1216552Drug recovery in NADPH supplemented human liver S9 fraction treated with 50 uM oxymetazoline assessed as compound level after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1216612Activity of human recombinant CYP2B6 assessed as glutathione conjugate formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and glutathione by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID1137408Binding affinity to alpha-adrenergic receptor in rabbit jejunum1979Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 22, Issue:11
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of cyclic amidines. 1. Electronic structure of some alpha-adrenergic benzylimidazolines.
AID1216589Drug metabolism in NADPH supplemented rat liver microsomes fraction assessed as 3-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol formation at 50 uM after 1 hr by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36136Affinity to Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor determined by radioligand binding techniques from rat-1 fibroblasts membranes2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-23, Volume: 45, Issue:11
2-(Anilinomethyl)imidazolines as alpha1 adrenergic receptor agonists: the discovery of alpha1a subtype selective 2'-alkylsulfonyl-substituted analogues.
AID1216601Activity of human recombinant CYP2C19 assessed as (S)-5-((R)-3-(2-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylthio)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-2-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH and g2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID36208Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]-MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human adipocytes1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID35618In vitro agonist potency towards Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor in rat aorta1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 39, Issue:20
Synthesis and in vitro characterization of N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide and its enantiomers: a novel selective alpha 1A receptor agonist.
AID36209Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in human alpha2C10 clone1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID197169Hypertensive activity (increase in arterial pressure to 60 mmHg)) after i.v. administration to pithed rats.1984Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists.
AID1216605Activity of human recombinant CYP2C8 assessed as metabolite formation at 50 uM in presence of NADPH by LC-MS/MS method2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 39, Issue:4
In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite.
AID37220Compound was evaluated for inhibition of binding of [3H]MK-91 to Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in RIN-m5F cells1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 38, Issue:18
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors: from the gene to the clinic. 1. Molecular biology and adrenoceptor subclassification.
AID342860Displacement of [125I]PIC from human alpha2 adrenoceptors expressed in CHO cells2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 16, Issue:15
QSAR study of imidazoline antihypertensive drugs.
AID1345908Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1999British journal of pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 127, Issue:4
Microphysiometric analysis of human alpha1a-adrenoceptor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AID1345920Rat alpha1D-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1994Molecular pharmacology, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:5
Selectivity of agonists for cloned alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes.
AID1346049Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1994The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Dec, Volume: 271, Issue:3
The novel alpha-2 adrenergic radioligand [3H]-MK912 is alpha-2C selective among human alpha-2A, alpha-2B and alpha-2C adrenoceptors.
AID1345908Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1995Molecular pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 48, Issue:2
KMD-3213, a novel, potent, alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist: characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors and native tissues.
AID1346000Human alpha1B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1995European journal of pharmacology, Nov-30, Volume: 291, Issue:3
NS-49, a novel alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective agonist characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
AID1346049Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1998Biochemical pharmacology, Apr-01, Volume: 55, Issue:7
Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant alpha2 adrenergic receptors: agonist-mediated [35S]GTPgammaS binding.
AID624216Agonists at Human 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 5-HT2C1999Journal of neurochemistry, May, Volume: 72, Issue:5
High-affinity agonist binding correlates with efficacy (intrinsic activity) at the human serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors: evidence favoring the ternary complex and two-state models of agonist action.
AID1346058Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1998Biochemical pharmacology, Apr-01, Volume: 55, Issue:7
Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant alpha2 adrenergic receptors: agonist-mediated [35S]GTPgammaS binding.
AID1345971Human alpha1D-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1995European journal of pharmacology, Nov-30, Volume: 291, Issue:3
NS-49, a novel alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective agonist characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
AID1346000Human alpha1B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1995Molecular pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 48, Issue:2
KMD-3213, a novel, potent, alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist: characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors and native tissues.
AID1346159Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1998Biochemical pharmacology, Apr-01, Volume: 55, Issue:7
Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant alpha2 adrenergic receptors: agonist-mediated [35S]GTPgammaS binding.
AID1346528Human 5-HT1D receptor (5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors)1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1346893Human 5-HT2C receptor (5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors)1999Journal of neurochemistry, May, Volume: 72, Issue:5
High-affinity agonist binding correlates with efficacy (intrinsic activity) at the human serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors: evidence favoring the ternary complex and two-state models of agonist action.
AID1345908Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1995European journal of pharmacology, Nov-30, Volume: 291, Issue:3
NS-49, a novel alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective agonist characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
AID1345908Human alpha1A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1995British journal of pharmacology, Sep, Volume: 116, Issue:1
Selectivity of the imidazoline alpha-adrenoceptor agonists (oxymetazoline and cirazoline) for human cloned alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes.
AID1346159Human alpha2C-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1994The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Dec, Volume: 271, Issue:3
The novel alpha-2 adrenergic radioligand [3H]-MK912 is alpha-2C selective among human alpha-2A, alpha-2B and alpha-2C adrenoceptors.
AID1345971Human alpha1D-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1995Molecular pharmacology, Aug, Volume: 48, Issue:2
KMD-3213, a novel, potent, alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist: characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors and native tissues.
AID1346058Human alpha2B-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1994The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Dec, Volume: 271, Issue:3
The novel alpha-2 adrenergic radioligand [3H]-MK912 is alpha-2C selective among human alpha-2A, alpha-2B and alpha-2C adrenoceptors.
AID1346049Human alpha2A-adrenoceptor (Adrenoceptors)1997Trends in pharmacological sciences, Jun, Volume: 18, Issue:6
Gene targeting--homing in on alpha 2-adrenoceptor-subtype function.
AID1346264Human 5-HT1B receptor (5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors)1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-18, Volume: 41, Issue:13
Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor ligands: a structure-affinity investigation.
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (687)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-1990211 (30.71)18.7374
1990's201 (29.26)18.2507
2000's108 (15.72)29.6817
2010's116 (16.89)24.3611
2020's51 (7.42)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 67.77

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index67.77 (24.57)
Research Supply Index6.77 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.58 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index192.52 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index3.24 (0.95)

This Compound (67.77)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials128 (17.34%)5.53%
Reviews25 (3.39%)6.00%
Case Studies41 (5.56%)4.05%
Observational1 (0.14%)0.25%
Other543 (73.58%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (302)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Phenylephrine Versus Tranexamic Acid to Control Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Inferior Turbinoplasty by Coblation [NCT05841251]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-05-01Not yet recruiting
Characterization of the Effects on Bioimpedance and the Sensorimotor System After the Application of Percutaneous Electrolysis Protocols on the Patellar Tendon. [NCT05390359]50 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-11-01Completed
A Single-dose, Randomized, Crossover Bioequivalence Study to Compare Two Formulations of Paracetamol/Phenylephrine [NCT01112462]Phase 140 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-03-31Completed
Comparison of the Hemodynamic Effects of Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine in Patients Undergoing Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator (DIEP) Flap Surgery. [NCT03872570]Phase 440 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-06-01Recruiting
ED90 of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Infusions for Preventing Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension Under Intensive Treatment During Cesarean Section [NCT06158048]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2025-01-01Not yet recruiting
ED90 of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Boluses for Treating Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension Under Intensive Treatment in Preeclamptic Patients During Cesarean Section [NCT06158035]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2025-07-01Not yet recruiting
ED90 of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Infusions for Preventing Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension Under Intensive Treatment in Preeclamptic Patients During Cesarean Section [NCT06158022]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2025-01-01Not yet recruiting
ED90 of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Boluses for Treating Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension Under Intensive Treatment During Cesarean Section [NCT06158009]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2025-04-01Not yet recruiting
Novel Role of Acetylcholine in Regulating Vascular Tone: Effects of Age and Exercise Training [NCT03972683]Early Phase 10 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-04-16Withdrawn(stopped due to no participants enrolled)
Preoperative Cataract Pupillary Dilation: Inpatient vs Outpatient [NCT01169688]50 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-12-31Completed
A Multi-Center, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Fixed Combination Phenylephrine 2.5%-Tropicamide 1% Ophthalmic Solution Administered With a Microdose Dispenser for Dilation of the Pupil [NCT03751098]Phase 376 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-12-01Completed
Comparison of Continuous Infusion of Noradrenaline Versus Phenylephrine During Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia. A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03842046]82 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-02-16Completed
Simultaneous Quantification of Dynamic and Static Cerebral Autoregulation (CA) at Different Steady-state Mean Blood Pressures Under Anaesthesia. [NCT03816072]66 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-01-07Completed
Cardiovascular Changes and Tetracaine Pharmacokinetics Following Intranasal Administration of Standard and High Doses of Kovacaine Mist (Tetracaine Hydrochloride With Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride) in Healthy Volunteers [NCT01304316]Phase 212 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-09-30Completed
Pilot Study to Evaluate Vbeam® Prima Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL) Treatment and RHOFADE® (Oxymetazoline HCL, 1% Cream) for Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea [NCT04153188]Phase 434 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-01-15Completed
Randomized Double-blinded Comparison of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine in Bolus for Maintenance of Blood Pressure During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery [NCT03702400]Phase 272 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-10-01Completed
Neuro-Ox 2018: Assessment of Cerebral Oxygenation Under Three Clinically Relevant Conditions [NCT03682198]18 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-24Completed
The Effect of Local Antioxidant Therapy on Racial Differences in Vasoconstriction [NCT03680404]Phase 124 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-10-01Completed
A Phase I Safety Study of Phenylephrine Applied Topically to the Oral Mucosa in Cancer Patients Receiving Radiation to Sub-mandibular Lymph Nodes [NCT01092975]Phase 11 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-03-31Terminated(stopped due to formulation/dose changes; planned changes to safety monitoring/reporting)
Multicenter, Open-Label, Interventional Study on the Safety and Tolerability of Oxymetazoline and Energy-Based Therapy in Subjects With Rosacea [NCT03380390]Phase 446 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-12-04Completed
Long Pulse Versus Short Pulse Laser Dusting for Renal Stones [NCT03608098]0 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-05-31Withdrawn(stopped due to Key study team members working on the study are leaving the institution.)
Combined Subconjunctival Atropine and Intracameral Epinephrine Injection for Pupil Dilation in Phacoemulsification Under Peribulbar Anesthesia. [NCT03638726]Phase 440 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-09-28Recruiting
Open Label, 2-Way Crossover Study to Assess the PK of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine and to Assess the Effects of a Single Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride on the PK of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine in Healthy Male Subjects [NCT01363089]Phase 121 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-01-31Completed
Effects of Ephedrine, Phenylephrine, Norepinephrine and Vasopressin on Contractility of Human Myometrium and Umbilical Vessels: An In-vitro Study [NCT04053478]144 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-07-08Recruiting
[NCT02340910]46 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-02-02Completed
Choroidal Thickness During Changes in Intraocular Pressure and Arterial Blood Pressure [NCT01333891]1 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-12-31Terminated
Pretreatment With Topical Anesthesia or Decongestant for Reducing Pain and Discomfort During Fiberoptic Nasal Pharyngoscopy and Laryngoscopy: A Double Blind Randomized Study [NCT03620513]Phase 4160 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-01Completed
The Hemodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Oxymetazoline Absorption During Functional Endoscopic or Turbinate Reduction Surgery and From the Nasal Mucosa During Operative Dentistry [NCT02062996]Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-06-30Withdrawn(stopped due to Could not receive FDA approval for IND)
Cardiovascular Effects of Angiotensin (1-7) in Essential Hypertension [NCT02245230]Phase 134 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-01-31Active, not recruiting
The Effect of Brimonidine on Intraocular Pressure When Dilating Routine Patients, Pressure Control and Pupil Effects [NCT03139708]Phase 15 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-09-30Completed
Feasibility of Tourniquet Use During Cement Fixation Only for TKR Surgery [NCT01162720]65 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-11-30Terminated(stopped due to The risk of donor blood transfusion was unacceptably high in the Short Duration Group)
Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Clinical Trial for Comparison of Continuous Phenylephrine Versus Norepinephrine Infusion for Maintenance of Hemodynamic Stability During Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia [NCT03849508]Phase 4124 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-02-27Completed
Influence of a Bolus Administration of Ephedrine and Phenylephrine on the Spinal Oxygen Saturation, Measured With NIRS. [NCT03767296]Phase 433 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-02-06Completed
Sex Differences in Sympathetic Vascular Reactivity at High Altitude [NCT05525416]17 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-07-28Completed
Influences of Phenylephrine, Dopamine and Ephedrine on Stroke Volume Variation and Pulse Pressure Variation [NCT02201121]94 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-03-31Completed
Phase 1, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, 4-Period, Complete Cross-Over Comparison of the Anesthetic Efficacy of Bilateral and Unilateral Application of Kovacaine Mist in Healthy Volunteers [NCT02457806]Phase 148 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-08-31Completed
The Effect of Epinephrine, Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine on Intraoperative Hemodynamic Performance - a Prospective Double-blinded Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05492968]Phase 4225 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-09-01Recruiting
7-day Compared With 10-day Antibiotic Treatment for Febrile Urinary Tract Infections in Children: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03221504]221 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-01-01Recruiting
A Double Blind Study to Examine the Effect of Oxymetazoline Gel on Anal Pressure and Incontinence in Spinal Cord Injury Patients [NCT02299557]Phase 1/Phase 219 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-11-30Completed
Preventive Intramuscular Phenylephrine in Elective Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Tiral [NCT03507387]99 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-04-01Completed
Management of Acute Pulmonary Hypertensive Crisis in Children With Known Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension [NCT05439460]Phase 415 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-01-31Completed
The Effects of Different High-intensity Interval Training Training Protocols on Cardiorespiratory Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes [NCT03487029]36 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-03-02Completed
A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effect of Changing Physiological Conditions on the Amplitude and/or Frequency of Myogenic Oscillations [NCT03719001]Early Phase 140 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-10-23Completed
Pulpal Blood Flow With the Use of Intra-nasal Anesthetic: a Randomized Double-blind Crossover Study [NCT03368391]Phase 425 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-01-03Not yet recruiting
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Role of Sympathetic Overactivity and Angiotensin II [NCT02560805]Phase 2134 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-10-31Suspended(stopped due to Enrollment and study activities are temporarily suspended due to COVID-19.)
Norepinephrine or Phenylephrine for Hypotension in Non-elective Cesarean Section [NCT04367103]180 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-04-10Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Balanced, Three-Way Crossover Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Simvastatin Therapy in Elevating HDL-C Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Low HDL-C [NCT00389896]Phase 3150 participants Interventional2001-07-26Completed
A Study of the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Responses in Healthy and Altered Human Cardiovascular Systems [NCT03098680]Phase 118 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-04-24Terminated(stopped due to Unable to recruit in time before end of PhD studentship)
Comparison of Prophylactic Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Infusion for Hemodynamic Effects in Patients With Preeclampsia During Cesarean Section: a Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT05035498]72 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-01-01Not yet recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Acetylcysteine, Paracetamol and Phenylephrine for the Treatment of Common Cold: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Trial [NCT05070650]Phase 31,002 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-09-20Not yet recruiting
Correlation and Effects on Cardiac Output With Intermittent Phenylephrine Administration of 50 mcg Versus 100 mcg or 100mcg/Min Prophylactic Infusion for Treatment of Hypotension in Parturients After Receiving Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery [NCT02101047]0 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-08-31Withdrawn(stopped due to lack of eligible participant)
A Randomized, Dose-ranging, Placebo-controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Phenylephrine HCl Immediate Release Tablets on Nasal Congestion in Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis [NCT01330017]Phase 2539 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-03-31Completed
The Effects of Nasal Airflow on Upper Airway Dilator Muscles During Sleep [NCT03506178]30 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-09-12Recruiting
Evaluation of Costs and Consequences of Alternative Strategies of Intraoperative Fluid and Pharmacological Optimization. A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT01141894]150 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-03-31Terminated(stopped due to slow recruitment)
A Randomized Crossover Bioequivalence Study Comparing a Single Dose of Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended Release Tablet to Three Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Immediate Release Tablets Each Consecutively Dosed Four Hours Apart Under Fed and Fasting Conditions [NCT01354418]Phase 124 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-05-31Completed
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Efficacy of Phenylephrine HCL Extended-Release 30 mg and Phenylephrine HCL Immediate-Release 12 mg Capsules in Subjects With Nasal Congestion Due to the Common Cold [NCT03339726]Phase 2193 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-11-30Terminated(stopped due to did not enroll enough subjects in the 2017/2018 cold season, so the study was terminated)
Phenylephrine Versus Ephedrine to Treat Spinal Anesthesia-Induced Hypotension in Preeclamptic Patients During Cesarean Delivery [NCT00458003]110 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-07-31Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Mydriatic Microdrops Compared With Standard Drops for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) Screening: a Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04623684]Phase 425 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-03-24Completed
A Double-Masked, Active-Controlled Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Phenylephrine 2.5%-Tropicamide 1% Ophthalmic Solution Administered With a Microdose Dispenser for Dilation of the Pupil [NCT03751631]Phase 370 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-11-15Completed
Phenylephrine Versus Norepinephrine in Septic Shock: Effects on Systemic and Regional Hemodynamics. A Randomized, Controlled, Trial [NCT00639015]Phase 232 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-11-30Completed
Effect of Noradrenaline Infusuion Versus Phenyephrine Infusion in Improving Tissue Perfusion in HIPEC [NCT04144465]30 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-11-01Completed
Efficacy and Tolerance of Ophthalmic Insert Mydriasert® Versus Reference Treatment (Phenylephrine and Tropicamide Eyedrops) in Premature Newborns, Neonates and Infants Justifying a Mydriasis for a Bilateral Diagnosis Fundus [NCT00642135]Phase 380 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-01-31Terminated(stopped due to The total number of patients has been reached.)
Intraoperative Phenylephrine Infusion to Reduce Postoperative Shivering in Lower Segment Caesarean Section [NCT04133961]118 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-06-12Completed
Experimental Changes in Children's Sleep Duration and Timing: Effect on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Risk [NCT02979860]30 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-07-01Completed
Norepinephrine Versus Phenylephrine Continuous Variable Infusion for Prevention of Post-spinal Hypotension During Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Trial [NCT03328533]Phase 4123 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-11-10Completed
A Controlled Randomized, Open Label, Multicenter, Non-inferiority Trial Evaluating an Individualized Antibiotic Duration Treatment Based on Patient Clinical Response, Evaluated Through Connected Devices, for Community Acquired Pneumonia in the Community S [NCT04166110]310 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-09-30Not yet recruiting
Autoimmune Basis for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome [NCT02725060]58 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-02-29Enrolling by invitation
Efficacy and Safety of New Generation Drug Eluting Stents Associated With an Ultra Short Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy. Design of the Short Duration of Dual antiplatElet Therapy With SyNergy II Stent in Patients Older Than 75 Years Undergoing Perc [NCT02099617]Phase 41,200 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-31Active, not recruiting
Comparison of the Potency of Prophylactic Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Boluses for Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension in Patients With Severe Preeclampsia During Caesarean Section [NCT05035472]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-01-01Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Different Protocols of Phenylephrine Infusion for Prophylaxis Against Post-spinal Hypotension During Cesarean Delivery [NCT03248817]Phase 4255 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-09-28Recruiting
A Study Evaluating Pupil Dilation Speed With the Micro-Array Print (MAP) Dispenser Comparing 2 Dosing Regimens of Tropicamide-Phenylephrine Fixed Combination Ophthalmic Solution [NCT04907474]Phase 460 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-05-24Completed
Comparing Between CO2 and Phenylephrine Treatment in Patients With Progressive Lacunar Infarction (CARBOGEN Study) [NCT04839224]Phase 340 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-04-05Recruiting
Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Vascular Function in Women With Uterine Leiomyomata [NCT02123069]28 participants (Actual)Observational2013-04-30Completed
An Observational Study to Test the Effect of the Vasoactive Drugs Phenylephrine and Ephedrine on the Stroke Volume and Microvascular Blood Flow of Healthy Volunteers [NCT02252627]8 participants (Anticipated)Observational2014-08-31Recruiting
Effects of Vasopressors on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients With Carotid Endarterectomy Under General Anesthesia(MRI Part): a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05414877]60 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-09-30Not yet recruiting
A New More Efficient Cycloplegia Scheme [NCT02177539]Phase 430 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-05-31Recruiting
Cerebral Hemodynamic and Metabolic Responses to Anesthesia and Vasopressors in Adult Surgery: A 2x2 Factorial Design Randomized Controlled Trial With Light-based Neuromonitoring (CHEM-FACT Study) [NCT05941494]Phase 480 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-10-03Recruiting
"A Randomized, Double Blind, Parallel Group, Three Arm, Placebo Controlled, Multi-Site Therapeutic Equivalence Study With Clinical End-points Comparing Test Product Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Cream, 1% to Reference Product RHOFADETM Cream, 1% in the Trea [NCT03954444]Phase 31,105 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-04-15Completed
Up-down Determination of the ED90 of Phenylephrine for Spinal Induced Hypotension in Parturients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery [NCT00781157]Phase 466 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-01-31Completed
Role of Nitric Oxide in Optic Nerve Head Blood Flow Regulation During Isometric Exercise in Healthy Humans [NCT00806741]18 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-09-30Completed
Intravenous Bolus of Phenylephrine vs. Norepinephrine in Preventing Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section [NCT02854787]Phase 4120 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-05-31Completed
Kovanaze Vs. Articaine in Achieving Pulpal Anesthesia of Maxillary Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04104789]Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-09-30Withdrawn(stopped due to Manufacture of drug discontinued before any participants could be enrolled.)
Comparison of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine in Cesarean Section by Transesophageal Ultrasound [NCT02759510]Early Phase 1106 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-06-30Not yet recruiting
Cognitive and Behavioral Effects of Sleep Restriction in Adolescents With ADHD [NCT02732756]69 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-04-21Completed
The Effects of Different Vasopressors on the Innate Immune Response During Experimental Human Endotoxemia, a Pilot Proof-of-principle Study [NCT02675868]Phase 440 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-01-31Completed
An Open-label, Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel Group, Single-dose Study to Assess the Short Term Efficacy and Safety of Paracetamol 500 mg + Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg + Vitamin C 200 mg Powder for Oral Solution in Subjects With Symptoms of an Upper Respir [NCT02678234]Phase 30 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-02-01Withdrawn(stopped due to The clinical phase of the study (from FSFV to LSLV) was never initiated due to the sponsor's decision.)
[NCT02802683]Phase 472 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-09-30Completed
Comparison of Conventional Instillation and Lower Conjunctival Fornix Packing in Mydriasis for Premature Infants [NCT00877175]Phase 425 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-03-31Completed
Evaluation of Ophthalmic Oxymetazoline as an Adjunct Treatment for Acquired Blepharoptosis Due to Periocular Synkinesis. [NCT05945615]Phase 348 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-01-31Not yet recruiting
Alpha-Adrenoceptor Vascular Function In Chronic Kidney Disease Focus On The Role Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide [NCT00356265]18 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-07-31Terminated(stopped due to Futility: Impossible to recruit enough hypertensive participants to match Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) participants on needed parameters.)
Effects of Vasopressors on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients With Carotid Endarterectomy Under General Anesthesia(TCD Part): a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05665881]60 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-11-01Recruiting
An Open-label Study to Assess the Effects of Allergic Rhinitis and Coadministration of Mometasone or Oxymetazoline on the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Intranasal Esketamine [NCT02154334]Phase 147 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-06-30Completed
A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Effects of Common Cold and of Concomitant Administration of Nasal Decongestant on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of a Novel Glucagon Formulation in Otherwise Healthy Subjects [NCT02778100]Phase 136 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-03-31Completed
Up-down Determination of the ED90 of the Initial Rate of Infusion of Phenylephrine for the Prophylaxis of Spinal Induced Hypotension in Parturients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery [NCT00796328]Phase 445 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-11-30Terminated(stopped due to Results Invalid, study closed, analysis cannot proceed.)
Kovanaze Vs. Articaine in Achieving Pulpal Anesthesia of Maxillary Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04105985]Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-08-31Withdrawn(stopped due to Manufacturer discontinued drug before any participants could be enrolled.)
Role of Nitric Oxide in Optic Nerve Head Blood Flow Regulation During Experimental Increase of Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Humans [NCT00914394]12 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-10-31Terminated
Comparison of the Effects of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine on Tissue Oxygenation and Hemodynamic Stability During an Stroke Volume Variations(SVV) Fluid Guided Therapy in Elderly Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery [NCT04067817]Phase 3100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-10-06Recruiting
A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind Study To Evaluate The Safety Of An Association Of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride 10mg + Acetaminophen 500mg + Dimethindene Maleate 1 Mg Compared To Phenylephrine Hydrochloride 10mg In Healthy Volunteers [NCT01026961]Phase 1/Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-09-30Withdrawn(stopped due to Study is no longer required by Brazil health authority.)
Role of Angiotensin II in Insulin-induced Microvascular Activity [NCT01024543]18 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-10-31Completed
Influence of Vasopressors on Brain Oxygenation and Microcirculation in Anesthetized Patients With Cerebral Tumors [NCT02713087]Phase 448 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-09-30Completed
Effect of Phenylephrine Infusion for Preventing Hypotension During Shoulder Arthroscopic Surgery in the Beach Chair Position [NCT02585570]66 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-10-31Completed
An Open-Label, Single-Dose Study Evaluating the Pharmacokinetics of Phenylephrine in Children and Adolescents [NCT00762567]Phase 136 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-09-30Completed
A Randomized, Two-Way Crossover, Multicenter, Consumer Preference Study of Two Oral Formulations of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride. [NCT00976209]Phase 3331 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-08-31Completed
Vasopressor Outcomes in Spine Surgery [NCT06053398]120 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-10-31Not yet recruiting
Exploration of Pupil Dilation in Horner's Patients Taking Flomax [NCT03615508]Phase 41 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-21Terminated(stopped due to incomplete enrollment)
Ephedrine, Phenylephrine and Metaraminol Effects on Maternal Cardiac Output, Uterine Blood Flow and Fetal Circulation in Patients With Preeclampsia Under Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean [NCT02245191]60 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-07-31Active, not recruiting
Multicenter, Phase III, Randomized, Open, Parallel, Comparative to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of the Treatment of Nasal Congestion and Runny Nose Present in Acute Crisis of Viral Rhinitis and Allergic Reactions, in Pediatric Patients [NCT01393548]Phase 3879 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-08-31Completed
Phenylephrine Versus Upper Eyelid Taping For Muller's Muscle Conjunctival Resection Evaluation [NCT05890027]Phase 430 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-02-15Not yet recruiting
Use of the Hypotension Prediction Index Algorithm (HPI) for the Prevention of Intraoperative Hypotension (IOH) in Adult Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery: Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT05341167]40 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-06-06Recruiting
Preoperative Ephedrine Attenuates the Hemodynamic Responses of Propofol During Valve Surgery: A Dose Dependent Study [NCT01006863]Phase 2150 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-03-31Completed
Prophylactic Phenylephrine and Fluid Co-administration to Reduce Spinal Hypotension During Elective Caesarean Section in a Resource-limited Setting: a Prospective Alternating Intervention Study [NCT04005664]300 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-05-01Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Determine the Lowest Effective Dose for Adequate Mydriasis in Premature Infants [NCT01054027]15 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-03-31Completed
Clinical Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Pediatric Naridrin in Comparison to Afrin on the Improval of Nasal Congestion. [NCT02601235]Phase 3292 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-01-16Completed
The Dynamic Effects of Phenylephrine on Preload and Cardiac Output in Patients Under General Anaesthesia [NCT02739399]Phase 426 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-02-29Completed
Combination Therapy With Mometasone Furoate and Oxymetazoline in the Treatment of Adenoid Hypertrophy Concomitant With Allergic Rhinitis [NCT02559440]Phase 4240 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-02-28Completed
A Randomized Double Blind Trial of Vasoactive Drugs for the Management of Shock in the ICU [NCT02118467]Phase 4836 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-05-31Recruiting
Study to Determine the Best Regimen for Administration of Phenylephrine During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery, as Determined by Maternal Blood Pressure and Cardiac Output [NCT00996190]Phase 460 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-11-30Completed
Comparative Analytical Study of Intravenous Bolus Dose of Mephentermine and Phenylephrine for Hemodynamic Stability During Elective Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia at KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital [NCT05706727]Phase 342 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-03-23Recruiting
The Effect of Brimonidine on Intraocular Pressure When Dilating Routine Patients, Pressure Control and Pupil Effects [NCT03959176]Phase 413 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-07-20Completed
A Combination of Intranasal Steroid/Oxymetazoline Leads to Faster Relief of Nasal Congestion Without Inducing Rhinitis Medicamentosa [NCT00584987]Phase 464 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-06-30Completed
Efficacy of Eccentric Resistance Training in Persons With Knee Osteoarthritis [NCT02350387]32 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-01-31Completed
Crossover Study of the Decongestant Effect of Phenylephrine Compared With Placebo and Pseudoephedrine as Active Control in SAR Subjects Exposed to Pollen in the Vienna Challenge Chamber [NCT00276016]Phase 339 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-01-31Completed
Algorithm-based Tailoring of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy to Improve Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Interventions [NCT05732701]2,788 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-06-27Recruiting
Detecting Hypotension By Continuous Non-invasive Arterial Pressure Monitoring During Spinal Anaesthesia for Cesarean Section:A Prospective,Randomized, Controlled Study [NCT02532270]100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-09-30Recruiting
Induced Hypertension for Acute Ischemic Stroke [NCT00227448]Phase 260 participants Interventional2003-06-30Completed
Effect of Preventive Medicine on the Postreperfusion Syndrome [NCT01080625]96 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-04-30Completed
Effect of Three Weight-adjusted Vasopressors for With Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia for Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04991662]Phase 478 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-10-10Completed
Short Term Effects of Long Duration Low Intensity Continuous Ultrasound for Trapezius Muscle Pain [NCT02135094]33 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-06-30Completed
Vasopressor Impact on Brain Circulation, Organ Blood Flow and Tissue Oxygenation During Anesthesia in Neurosurgical Patients [NCT06083948]Phase 2/Phase 340 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-12-20Recruiting
Stage 2, Double-blind, Randomized, Parallel Groups, One Centre Study in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis Treated With Nasal Oxymetazoline in Combination With Nasal Hydroxyl-propyl-methyl Cellulose (HPMC) or Placebo [NCT01986582]Phase 240 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-10-31Completed
Evaluation and Treatment of Autonomic Failure. [NCT00223691]Phase 1389 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-03-31Completed
Effect of Phenylephrine or Dopamine Infusion on Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Thoracic Surgery Patients [NCT02009007]Phase 150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-12-31Recruiting
Comparsion of the Effect of High Versus Low Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Levels on Clinical Outcomes in Elderly Patients During Noncardiothoracic Surgery Under General Anesthesia [NCT02857153]322 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-07-31Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Difluprednate Ophthalmic Emulsion vs. a Fixed-Combination of Prednisolone Acetate - Phenylephrine Ophthalmic Suspension on Post-operative Inflammation Following Cataract Surgery. [NCT04631315]Phase 4255 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-03-24Completed
A Multicenter, Consumer Product Evaluation of a Single Dose of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride 30 mg Extended Release Tablets (Sinus Comfort™) [NCT04534452]Phase 3347 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-05-12Completed
Comparison of the Effects of Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine on Hemodynamics and Tissue Oxygenation in Patients Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgery [NCT01609491]60 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-01-31Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Therapeutic Induced Hypertension in Patients With Acute Non-cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open Label, Prospective, Phase 3 Study [NCT01600235]Phase 3170 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-06-30Recruiting
Effect of Phenylephrine Infusion on Pulse Pressure Variability [NCT05011357]Early Phase 16 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-09-10Recruiting
A Pilot Study of the Effects of Nebulized Epoprostenol (Flolan) and Systemic Phenylephrine on Arterial Oxygenation During One Lung Ventilation [NCT02748265]Phase 48 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-03-31Completed
Blood Pressure or Cardiac Output - the Influence on Cerebral Perfusion During Cardiopulmonary Bypass [NCT02806492]15 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-01-31Completed
An Open-label, Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel Group, Single-dose Study to Assess the Short Term Efficacy and Safety of Paracetamol 500 mg + Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg + Pheniramine Maleate 20 mg + Vitamin C 200 mg Powder for Oral Solution in Subjects With [NCT02730364]Phase 30 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-02-01Withdrawn(stopped due to The clinical phase of the study (from FSFV to LSLV) was never initiated due to the sponsor's decision.)
Modulation of Vasoreactivity in Septic Shock: Impact of Recombinant Protein C [NCT02885168]Phase 430 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-02-29Completed
Determinants of Optimal Benzodiazepines Withdrawal in Adults With Hypnotic-dependent Insomnia: a Randomised Controlled Trial Evaluating Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Telepsychology [NCT04751851]128 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-06-03Active, not recruiting
A Single-Center, Study Evaluating The Pharmacokinetics Of Tetracaine, Para-Butylaminobenzoic Acid, And Oxymetazoline After Intranasal Administration Of Kovacaine Mist To Healthy Pediatric Subjects [NCT01952990]Phase 218 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-09-30Completed
Acoustic Rhinometry: Impact of External Nasal Dilator on the Two First Notches of the Rhinogram [NCT01411969]16 participants (Actual)Observational2010-06-30Completed
A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate Topical 10% Phenylephrine Gel in the Management of Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis (IPAA)-Related Faecal Incontinence [NCT00420797]Phase 30 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-02-28Withdrawn(stopped due to Terminated, new protocol to be developed)
Individually Tailored Elastic Compression Therapy After Deep Venous Thrombosis in Relation to the Incidence of Post Thrombotic Syndrome, a Randomized Multicenter Trial [NCT01429714]865 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-03-22Completed
The Effects of ß1-receptor Blockade and α1-adrenergic Agonist on the Kinetics of Lactated Ringer's Solution During Surgery [NCT01431612]Phase 1/Phase 260 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-11-30Completed
Development of Advanced Double Intravenous Vasopressor Automated (ADIVA) System With Improved Hemodynamic Trend Control During Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section [NCT03620942]173 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-11-07Active, not recruiting
A Comparison of Intermittent Intravenous Boluses of Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine to Prevent Spinal-induced Hypotension in Cesarean Deliveries: a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT02962986]112 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-01-31Completed
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Two-Way Crossover Study to Evaluate the Effects of Phenylephrine HCl Extended-Release Tablets 30 mg Compared to Placebo on Ambulatory Blood Pressure [NCT00874120]Phase 3116 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-12-31Completed
The Effect of Phenylephrine, Norepinephrine and Vasopressin on Cerebral Oxygentaion During Off Pump CABG: A Pilot Study [NCT04214145]90 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-01-07Completed
The Effect of Capsaicin-Phenylephrine-Caffeine Formulation on Aborting Tilt Induced Syncope in Patients With a History of Vasovagal Syncope or Near Syncope [NCT04972123]Phase 2140 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-07-20Completed
The Development of Tolerance to α1-Adrenoceptor Blockade With Chronic Carvedilol Treatment [NCT00585091]15 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-10-31Completed
A Study Evaluating Hypotension and Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section and Its Relation to the Effect of Prophylaxis Phenylephrine [NCT02958215]Phase 2980 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-06-30Completed
The Effect of Vibrissae on Subjective and Objective Measures of Nasal Obstruction [NCT01850511]60 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-05-31Completed
A Novel Closed-loop Integrated System for the Maintenance of Haemodynamic Stability to Improve Perioperative Outcome During Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section [NCT02277730]Phase 2/Phase 3252 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-05-31Completed
Synergistic Use of Pilocarpine-Brimonidine-Oxymetazoline to Control Presbyopia Symptoms [NCT05006898]Phase 111 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-06-01Completed
Evaluation of Light Sensitivity and Visual Acuity Changes as Consequence of Rigid Gas Permeable (RGP) Scleral Contact Lenses With a Passive Artificial Iris [NCT04040790]10 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-09-16Terminated(stopped due to Several reasons: Financing ended before all study assessments were performed, covid-19 delayed design, production and shipment of IMD, experience gained during the study made it clear that lens design should be changed)
Kovanaze Vs. Articaine in Achieving Pulpal Anesthesia of Maxillary Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03962634]Phase 23 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-08-28Terminated(stopped due to Drug is no longer being manufactured)
A Phase I/IIa Safety and Efficacy Study of Topical Phenylephrine Applied to Oral Mucosa in Bone Marrow Transplant Patients Receiving Cytoxan Plus Total Body Irradiation [NCT02434146]Phase 1/Phase 23 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-05-14Terminated(stopped due to A company in China has decided to license the product)
Sex Differences in Sympathetic Activity and Vascular Reactivity During Acute and Chronic Hypoxia. [NCT05001048]14 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-08-04Completed
A Proof of Concept Study to Evaluate Differential Tachyphylaxis of Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 Adrenoreceptor Mediated Decongestant Response to Oxymetazoline and Its Acute Reversal by Corticosteroid in Healthy Volunteers [NCT00487032]Phase 419 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-05-31Completed
Randomised, Double-blind, Phase IV Study to Compare the Incidence of ECG Changes During Elective Caesarean Section Under Spinal Anaesthesia When Using Phenylephrine or Ephedrine Infusion to Maintain Baseline Systolic Blood Pressure [NCT01243970]Phase 429 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-04-30Terminated(stopped due to Change in clinical practice since the start of the trial in 2011 (phenylephrine superior))
2.5% and 10% Phenylephrine for Mydriasis in Diabetic Patients With Darkly Pigmented Irides [NCT00501878]Phase 4100 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-05-31Completed
A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study, Comparing Oxymetazoline 1% Cream TO RHOFADE in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Persistent Facial Erythema Assocoated With Rosacea [NCT05148689]Phase 182 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-02-23Completed
Epinephrine Versus Phenylephrine Infusion for Prophylaxis Against Maternal Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: a Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT05881915]196 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-06-01Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Endpoint Selection and Questionnaire Validation Study to Assess the Niacin Induced Flushing Caused by NIASPAN (TM) [NCT00533676]Phase 2165 participants Interventional2004-08-31Completed
A Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Double-Blind, 12-Week Study to Assess the Clinical Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of MK0812 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients [NCT00542022]Phase 2149 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-06-30Completed
Hemodynamics and Extravascular Lung Water in Acute Lung Injury: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Multicentered Trial of Goal Directed Treatment of EVLW Versus Standard Management for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury [NCT00624650]Phase 233 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-02-29Completed
Comparison of Phenylephrine and Ephedrine in the Treatment of Hemodynamic Disorders After Spinal Anesthesia in the Elderly [NCT03858465]50 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-02-01Completed
Variability in Adrenergic Response [NCT00838695]106 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-01-31Completed
The Phenylephrine vs. Norepinephrine Infusion by Lidico Monitoring With Pregnancy Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section [NCT03833895]Phase 2/Phase 3238 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-02-20Completed
Pilot Study On The Role Of Nitric Oxide In Alpha 1-Adrenergic Vasoreactivity [NCT00240058]22 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-07-31Completed
Single Dose of 1% Tropicamide and 10% Phenylephrine for Pupillary Dilation [NCT00120432]Phase 380 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-12-31Completed
The Effects of Height and Weight Adjusted Dose of Local Anesthetic Compared to Standard Dose for Spinal Anesthesia in Elective Cesarean Section [NCT02635555]160 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-04-30Completed
Mechanisms of Choroidal Blood Flow Changes During Dark/Light Transitions [NCT00431392]Phase 242 participants Interventional2001-09-30Completed
Cardiovascular Hyporeactivity and Fatiguing Illness in Gulf War Veterans [NCT00100412]0 participants Interventional1999-10-31Completed
PET Detection of the Effects of Aging on the Human Heart. Aim#1-Impact of Aging on Myocardial Remodeling: Role of Nitric Oxide [NCT00603720]54 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-09-30Completed
The Effect of Adding Metoclopramide and Ondansetron to a Prophylactic Phenylephrine Infusion for the Management of Nausea and Vomiting Associated With Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section [NCT01216410]306 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-12-31Completed
Sympathetic Neurovascular Transduction: Role of Adrenergic Receptors and Sex Differences [NCT05997732]Phase 430 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-10-31Recruiting
National Clinical Trial,Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Prospective, Double-blind, Parallel, Placebo-controlled, to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety and Superiority of Decongex Gripe in the Treatment of Symptoms Associated With Common Cold [NCT02904304]Phase 3150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-12-31Suspended(stopped due to the viability of the study is being analyzed)
Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride in Combination With Nasal Glucocorticosteroid for Perennial Allergic and Non-allergic Rhinitis in Subjects With Persistent Nasal Congestion [NCT00584662]42 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-01-31Terminated
Exploring the Optimal Duration of a Group-based Online Behavioral Weight Loss Program [NCT04628533]0 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-07-31Withdrawn(stopped due to COVID-19. Recruitment never began.)
Effects of Phenylephrine on Systemic and Regional Hemodynamics in Patients With Septic Shock: a Crossover Pilot Study [NCT00481442]Phase 215 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-01-31Completed
Prospective Hemodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Oxymetazoline Absorption During Functional Endoscopic or Turbinate Reduction Surgery or Adenoidectomy [NCT02453841]30 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-12-31Completed
Changes in Vital Signs and Pupil Diameter Related to Pharmacologic Mydriasis in Premature Infants: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Study [NCT04838665]Phase 460 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-09-30Completed
Phase 2 Study Evaluating the Prophylactic Phenylephrine Infusion for Preventing Hypotension During Spinal Anesthesia for Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery in the Elderly Patients [NCT01533662]Phase 264 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-03-31Completed
A Long-term Safety and Efficacy Study of Oxymetazoline HCl Cream 1.0% in Patients With Persistent Erythema Associated With Rosacea [NCT02095158]Phase 3440 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-04-30Completed
Mechanisms of Vasovagal Syncope [NCT01791816]Early Phase 190 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-02-28Active, not recruiting
Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine for Cesarean Section [NCT02969239]Phase 450 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-01-31Recruiting
Comparison of Phenylephrine Infusion With Colloids vs. Crystalloids for Reduction of Spinal-induced Hypotension During Cesarean Section [NCT00846651]Phase 482 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-02-28Completed
A Proof of Concept Study to Evaluate if Concomitant Topical Intranasal Steroid Prevents Tolerance and Rebound Congestion Due to Regular Oxymetazoline in Persistent Allergic Rhinitis. [NCT00846326]Phase 40 participants (Actual)InterventionalWithdrawn(stopped due to The suppliers were unable to provide the investigational medicinal product (IMP))
A Phase III, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Groups Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Intranasally Administered Kovacaine Mist to Tetracaine Alone and to Placebo for Anesthetizing Maxillary Teeth in Adults [NCT01660893]Phase 326 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-08-31Terminated
[NCT00225043]60 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-06-30Completed
Efficacy and Cost Analysis of Steroids in Treatment of Otitis Media With Effusion (OME) Compared to That of Combination of Antibiotic, Antihistaminic, and Nasal Decongestant [NCT03590912]Phase 4160 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-05Completed
Does Time From Ovulation Trigger To Oocyte Pick-Up Affect Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Outcomes? A Multi-Center Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing 36 and 38 Hour Intervals [NCT05803655]850 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-04-27Recruiting
Closed-loop Double-vasopressor Automated System vs Manual Bolus Vasopressor to Treat Hypotension During Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section [NCT04025918]Phase 2/Phase 3216 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-10-31Completed
Goal-Directed Intraoperative Fluid Management Using FloTrac© Monitoring in High-Risk Neurosurgical Patients [NCT02701582]66 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-03-31Completed
Comparison of the Effects of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine on Tissue Oxygenation and Hemodynamic Stability During an SVV Fluid Guided Therapy in Elderly Undergoing Radical Resection of Colon Cancer Surgery [NCT03215797]Phase 340 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-09-30Completed
Comparison of Two Different Doses of Intramuscular Phenylephrine HCL for Prevention of Spinal Anesthesia Induced Hypotension During Cesarean Section: A Prospective Randomized Double-blinded Parallel Study [NCT05348980]Phase 460 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-01-01Completed
Seven Versus Fourteen Day Treatment for Male Urinary Tract Infection [NCT01994538]273 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-04-24Completed
Impact of Vasopressor Administration on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Pre-eclampsia [NCT02025426]Phase 413 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-09-30Terminated(stopped due to Significant challenges recruiting a difficult patient population with most surgeries occurring out of hours)
Antitussive Effect of a Naturally Flavored, Multi-Component Syrup Containing Diphenhydramine, Compared With Dextromethorphan and Placebo [NCT02062710]Phase 422 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-01-31Completed
The Effect of Intranasal Vasoconstrictor Medications on Hemodynamic Parameters: A Randomized Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. [NCT02285634]68 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-11-30Completed
Camillian Saint Mary's Hospital Luodong [NCT05348148]450 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-06-16Recruiting
Hemodynamic Measurements During Cesarean Section With Spinal Anesthesia [NCT00199784]Phase 480 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2005-06-30Completed
[NCT01645774]Phase 2/Phase 390 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-01-31Terminated
Comparison of the Effects of Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine on Cardiac Function During Carotid Cross-Clamping During Carotid Endarterectomy Under General Anesthesia [NCT00294606]86 participants Interventional2006-02-28Recruiting
A Non-randomized Experimental Study of Optically Registered Pharmacodynamic Responses During Iontophoresis of Vasoactive Substances to the Skin of Healthy Volunteers [NCT04777383]90 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-04-01Recruiting
The Oxygenation of the Brain During Caesarean Section. A Comparison of Ephedrine Versus Phenylephrine [NCT01509521]Phase 424 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-02-29Completed
Open Label, Three-Way Study to Assess the Absorption and Tolerability of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine and to Assess the Effects of a Single Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride and Multiple Doses of Fluticasone Propionate on the Absorption and Tolerab [NCT01365650]Phase 124 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-12-31Completed
A Comparison of Solid and Soluble Forms of Cold and Influenza Remedies [NCT01332578]Phase 425 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-05-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1/2a Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Two Dosing Regimens of RVL-1201 in the Treatment of Acquired Blepharoptosis [NCT01848041]Phase 1/Phase 246 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-05-31Completed
Verification of Performance of Sustained Acoustic Medicine Device Designs Diathermy [NCT05259995]Phase 154 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-02-21Completed
The Effects of Tourniquet Use in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02429713]50 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-01-31Completed
Descemet Endothelial Thickness Comparison Trial [NCT02373137]Phase 438 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-01-22Active, not recruiting
Evaluation of the Reduction in Erythema by Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Topical Cream, 1% in Adults With Moderate to Severe Facial Erythema Associated With Rosacea [NCT03352323]Phase 350 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-10-18Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Concurrent Administration of Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray (MFNS) and Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray Administered Once Daily (QD) vs. Oxymetazoline Twice Daily (BID), Mometasone Furoate QD, and Placebo in the Treatment of Subjects With [NCT00552110]Phase 2707 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-07-31Completed
Characterization of Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Stress Cardiomyopathy [NCT01048125]2 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-08-31Terminated(stopped due to Due to difficulty in recruitment and resource restraints)
Efficacy and Safety of Mydriatic Microdrops for Retinopathy Of Prematurity Screening: a Non-inferiority Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial (MyMiROPS Trial) [NCT05043077]Phase 483 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-09-07Completed
Evaluating the Acute Glycemic Response to Different Strategies of Breaking Up Sedentary Time [NCT04144920]12 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-08-01Completed
A Phase 2, Single-Center, Open-Label, Randomized, Parallel-Groups, Dose-Ranging Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Intranasally Administered Kovacaine Mist for Anesthetizing Maxillary Teeth in Pediatric Subjects [NCT01701505]Phase 248 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-10-31Completed
Pre-emptive Epinephrine Nebulization Prior to Nasotracheal Intubation for Mandibular Fracture Fixation Surgeries:Dose it Really Differs? a Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05738564]Phase 3126 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-09-01Completed
A Phase III, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Groups Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Intranasally Administered Kovacaine Mist to Tetracaine Alone and to Placebo for Anesthetizing Maxillary Teeth in Adults [NCT01710787]Phase 3110 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-10-31Completed
ZetrOZ Wearable Ultrasound Clinical Study [NCT02083861]93 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-03-31Completed
Effect of Topical Phenylephrine 2.5% on Episcleral Venous Pressure in Normal Human Eyes [NCT02965924]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-10-31Completed
The Effect of Phenylephrine Versus Ephedrine on Cerebral Perfusion During Carotid Endarterectomy [NCT01451294]40 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2011-11-30Not yet recruiting
Norepinephrine Versus Phenylephrine Infusion for Prophylaxis Against Spinal Induced Hypotension in Elderly Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Comparative Trial [NCT04195321]Phase 462 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-01-01Completed
A Comparison Between Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine Boluses in Prevention of Post-spinal Hypotension During Cesarean Delivery [NCT03015857]Phase 2200 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-01-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Masked, Parallel-Group, Phenylephrine-Controlled Study of the Effect of OMS302 Added to Standard Irrigation Solution on Intraoperative Pupil Diameter and Acute Postoperative Pain in Children Ages Birth Through Three Years Undergoing U [NCT02132312]Phase 378 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-07-31Completed
A Phase I, Open-Label, Multiple-Ascending Dose Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intra-anal Application of Topical Oxymetazoline Gel in Healthy Adult Volunteers [NCT03529487]Phase 140 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-08-20Active, not recruiting
[NCT02132117]Phase 3445 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-06-30Completed
A Phase II, Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Treatment-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study of the Efficacy of Kovacaine Nasal Spray for Anesthetizing Maxillary Teeth in Healthy Dental Patients [NCT01302483]Phase 245 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-12-31Completed
Middle Ear Pressure Regulation in Health and Disease -- Gas Supply, Demand and Middle Ear Gas Balance -- Specific Aim 2 [NCT01925729]Phase 184 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-10-01Completed
A Single-Center, Open-Label, Observer-Masked, Active-Controlled, Phase 2 Study of the Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of EYN-1601 in Dilation of the Pupil [NCT02946125]Phase 212 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-10-31Completed
An Open Label, In-use Study to Assess the Warming Sensation, Acceptability and Local Tolerability of Paracetamol 500 mg + Phenylephrine 10mg + Guaifenesin 200 mg Syrup Given as a 30 ml Single Dose in Subjects Suffering From Symptoms of an Upper Respirator [NCT01576809]Phase 351 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-03-31Completed
Methylene Blue as a Third-line Vasopressor in Septic Shock to Maintain Hemodynamics [NCT04089072]Phase 2250 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-12-01Recruiting
[NCT01813149]128 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-08-31Terminated(stopped due to Study halted prematurely and will not resume; participants are no longer being examined or receiving intervention. There is no data collected)
A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study of the Safety and Efficacy of RVL-1201 in the Treatment of Acquired Blepharoptosis [NCT02436759]Phase 3140 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-05-31Completed
Predictive Clinical Features for Response to Adjuvant Immunotherapy in Stage II,III and IV Resected Melanoma [NCT05527795]1,000 participants (Anticipated)Observational2019-01-01Recruiting
A SingleDose Rand, TwoPeriod, Crossover Bioequivalence Study Between a Combination Tablet With Paracetamol, Guaifenesin and Penylephrine HCL (Wrafton Lab Ltd, UK) and Vicks Active SymptoMax Plus, Powder for Oral Solution (Wrafton Lab Ltd, UK) in Healthy A [NCT03213353]Phase 172 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-07-03Completed
Optimal Method for Mydriasis in Cataract Surgery [NCT02909140]3 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-09-30Terminated(stopped due to insufficient patient recruitment)
Effects of Norepinephrine vs. Phenylephrine on the Graft Blood Flow Measured by Transit Time Flowmetry in Breast Reconstruction With Free Flap Transfer Surgery: a Pilot Study [NCT05049278]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-09-24Completed
Effect of Target Intraoperative Blood Pressure on the Incidence of Post-operative Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients Aged 75 and Older Undergoing General Anesthesia for Non-cardiac Surgery: an International Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02428062]Phase 2/Phase 31,812 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-10-31Suspended(stopped due to Pending Pilot study results evaluation)
Phenylephrine Tumescence for Hemostasis in Surgery for Burn Injury - A Randomized Control Trial [NCT01731444]Phase 124 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-12-01Recruiting
Cardiac Index Changes With Ephedrine, Phenylephrine, Ondansetron and Norepinephrine During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarian Section [NCT03421860]Phase 4120 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-02-23Completed
A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Phenylephrine Versus Norepinephrine for Septic Shock in Critically Ill Patients [NCT02203630]Phase 417 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-08-31Terminated(stopped due to Slow enrollment; Lack of support and equipoise)
A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Phenylephrine for the Prevention of Spinal Induced Hypotension in Obese Parturients [NCT01481740]Phase 4178 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-11-30Completed
Phenylephrine Dose-Finding Study to Minimize Hypotension Due to Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section [NCT00379691]50 participants Interventional2006-08-31Completed
Effectiveness of Oxymetazoline Added on Intranasal Steroid in the Treatment of Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis With Persistent Nasal Obstruction [NCT01847131]Phase 450 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-04-30Completed
Prospective Comparison of Epinephrine and Phenylephrine/Ketorolac (Omidria®) Additives With Regards to Intraoperative Pupil Size [NCT02895035]Phase 459 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-09-01Terminated(stopped due to Data analysis was never performed by sub-investigator)
Phenylephrine vs. Norepinephrine Infusion in Preventing Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery [NCT02354833]Phase 485 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-08-31Completed
Effect of Intracameral Phenylephrine/Ketorolac on Intraoperative Pain [NCT04829799]Phase 40 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-02-28Withdrawn(stopped due to Per study team, the study will not proceed)
A Randomized, Double-Blinded Placebo Control Trial of Nasal Phenylephrine in Infants With Bronchiolitis [NCT00373802]Phase 250 participants Interventional2005-01-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Single-Center, 5 Way Cross-Over Study to Assess the Effect of Adding Oral Phenylephrine and Oral Sorbitol to Low Dose (1.5 mg) Plain Oral Morphine in Human Volunteers: Analgesia and Side Effect Assessment. [NCT00374881]Phase 1/Phase 29 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-09-30Completed
Comparing Blood Loss and Visualization After the Preoperative Use of Topical 0.05% Oxymetazoline Versus 1:1000 Epinephrine Prior to Endoscopic Sinus Surgery [NCT03228914]Phase 420 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-06-14Completed
A Single Dose, Open Label, Randomized Scintigraphic Study to Investigate the Gastrointestinal Behavior of 2 Triple Combination Products (Acetaminophen, Phenylephrine and Dextromethorphan) in Healthy Male Volunteers [NCT03415243]Phase 128 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-03-01Completed
Comparison of the Effect of Epinephrine, Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine on Spinal Anesthesia Induced Hypotension [NCT03163914]Phase 4160 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-07-19Completed
Effectivenes of Phenylefrine in Prevention of Hypotension During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: a Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT02979405]Phase 4140 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-01-17Completed
Maternal Microcirculation & SDF Imaging: A Novel Assessment of the Microcirculation During Cesarean Delivery With Spinal Anesthesia and the Impact of Phenylephrine Prophylaxis to Prevent Spinal Anesthesia-induced Hypotension. [NCT02376192]Phase 432 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-01-31Completed
Sex Disparities in Hypoxic Sympatholysis and Impact of Obesity [NCT04436731]Early Phase 1104 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-12-09Recruiting
Compared Efficacy and Tolerance of Two Vasopressors Used to Treat Preoperative Hypotension During Carotid Surgery. Prospective Randomised Controlled and Single Centre Trial [NCT01794273]Phase 480 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-07-31Completed
Comparison of Pilocarpine, Brimonidine, Oxymetazoline, Hialuronic Acid, Bromfenac Ophthalmic Compound With Pilocarpine and Brimonidine to Improve Uncorrected Visual Acuity in Healthy Presbyopic Individuals [NCT05001243]Phase 111 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-08-10Recruiting
Three Protocols for Phenylephrine Administration for Prophylaxis Against Post-spinal Hypotension During Cesarean Delivery [NCT03302039]Phase 4217 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-10-06Completed
Ephedrine Versus Phenylephrine Infusion for Prevention of Spinal Hypotension During Cesarean Section: Effect on Maternal Cardiodynamics and Fetal Circulation: Randomized Double-blind Study [NCT03047109]Phase 2/Phase 360 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-02-07Completed
Comparison of Intravenous Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine for Treatment of Spinal-induced Hypotension in Caesarian Deliveries [NCT04789005]Phase 380 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-11-10Completed
Norepinephrine Prophylaxis for Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension in Parturients With Preeclampsia Undergoing Cesarean Section: a Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT04556357]138 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-09-22Completed
Therapeutic Effects of Video Game Play Therapy on Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain:Randomized-Controlled Clinical Trail [NCT02125968]Phase 470 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-31Terminated
Tourniquet vs. no Tourniquet During High Tibial Osteotomy:A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04992533]50 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-11-30Recruiting
A Prospective, Randomized, Investigator-Blind Study to Compare Three Days of Treatment With Paracetamol (500 mg) / Dimethindene Maleate (1 mg) / Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (10 mg) Tablets Versus Paracetamol 500 mg Alone in the Treatment of Nasal Congesti [NCT01448057]Phase 3341 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-07-31Completed
Colloid Co-hydration and Vasoconstrictor Infusion for Prevention of Postspinal Hypotension During Elective Cesarean Section. A Comparative Study [NCT04404946]120 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-05-23Completed
Crystalloid Coload Combined With Variable Rate Phenylephrine Infusion for Prevention of Hypotension During Spinal Anesthesia for Elective Cesarean Delivery vs Crystalloid Coload Alone [NCT01378325]Phase 480 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-07-31Completed
GUARDIAN (NCT04884802) Sub-study Comparing Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine [NCT04934748]Phase 46,254 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-07-15Enrolling by invitation
"Haemodynamic Stability During Induction of General Anesthesia With Propofol and Remifentanil: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Study Comparing Equipotent Prophylactic Doses of Ephedrine, Phenylephrine, Norepinephrine vs Placebo." [NCT03864094]Phase 499 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-03-15Recruiting
The Choice of Vasopressor for Treating Hypotension During General Anesthesia: a Pilot Pragmatic Cluster Cross-over Randomized Trial (the VEGA-1 Trial) [NCT04789330]Phase 42,000 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-07-01Completed
Hemodynamic Effect of Prophylactic Phenylephrine Versus Lower Limb Compression in Women During Caesarean Section Under Spinal Anaesthesia [NCT01278238]120 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-01-31Completed
Phenylephrine Prophylaxis for Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension in Parturients With Preeclampsia Undergoing Cesarean Section: a Randomized, Placebo-controlled Dose-finding Trial [NCT04576663]95 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-10-01Not yet recruiting
Pilocarpine, Brimonidine, Oxymetazoline Ophthalmic Compound Safety and Efficacy in Patients With Presbyopia [NCT05006911]Phase 111 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-08-14Recruiting
A Randomized, Placebo- and Benchmark-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Trial of Anusol Topical Ointment to Evaluate Symptom Relief in Patients With Haemorrhoids [NCT05157711]Phase 366 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-11-25Completed
Low Dose Vasopressin vs Phenylephrine in Cardiac Surgery [NCT04602767]Phase 4260 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-10-15Recruiting
A Single Center, Pilot Study of Induced Hypertension for Minimizing Infarct Progression in Patients With Acute Large-vessel Occlusion Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Endovascular Therapy [NCT04218773]Early Phase 140 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-09-11Enrolling by invitation
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended-Release Tablets on Nasal Congestion in Subjects With Allergic Rhinitis [NCT01413958]Phase 3575 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-08-31Completed
Prophylactic Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Boluses for Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Caesarean Section: A Randomized Sequential Allocation Dose-finding Study. [NCT05035888]80 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-09-05Completed
The Pharmacokinetics Of Tetracaine, Para-Butylaminobenzoic Acid, And Oxymetazoline After Intranasal Administration Of The Highest Phase 3 Dose Of Kovacaine™ Mist To Healthy Volunteers [NCT01807624]Phase 224 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-03-31Completed
Effect of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride in Combination With Fluticasone Propionate on the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) in Subject With Persistent Nasal Congestion and Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea. A Double Blinded Placebo Controlled, Crossover Prospective Tri [NCT02630121]Phase 452 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-04-30Recruiting
The Effect of Upneeq (Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride 0.1%) on Palpebral Fissure Height, Eye Redness, and Patient-reported Eye Appearance [NCT04831047]Phase 4114 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-06-08Completed
Long Duration Therapeutic Ultrasound on Tendon Injuries [NCT02340273]13 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-12-31Terminated
Efficacy of Tetracaine/Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray for Endodontic Treatment [NCT03502135]Phase 40 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-30Withdrawn(stopped due to study drug not available in time)
Phase 4 Open Label Study to Determine Pharmacokinetics of Phenylephrine and Pharmacodynamic Effects on BP Via IV Admin of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Inj in Ped Subjects (≥12 to 16 Years of Age) Undergoing Gen and Neuraxial Anesthesia [NCT02323399]Phase 4100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-02-28Recruiting
The Impact of Carbon Monoxide and Altitude on Vascular Function [NCT04928183]19 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-06-10Completed
Maternal Haemodynamic Changes After Crystalloid Co-loading and Phenylephrine Versus Phenylephrine Alone During Spinal Anaesthesia for Elective Caesarean Delivery: a Double-blind, Randomised Controlled Trial Using the Non Invasive Cardiac Output Monitor St [NCT04026685]66 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-01-09Completed
A Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo and Active Controlled, Dose-Ranging Evaluation of the Duration of Action of Brimonidine Tartrate Ophthalmic Solution in the Control of Ocular Redness Induced by Conjunctival Allergen Challenge (CAC) [NCT01275105]Phase 268 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-01-31Completed
The Pathophysiological Role of Adrenergic Antibodies in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (Aims #1&2) [NCT02673996]125 participants (Anticipated)Observational2016-01-31Recruiting
90% Effective Dose of Phenylephrine Infusions for Preventing Postspinal Anesthesia Hypotension Under Intensive and Standard Treatment in Preeclamptic Patients During Cesarean Section [NCT06151470]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2025-07-01Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Two Vasopressor Infusion for Prevention of Post-spinal Hypotension During Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03248791]Phase 4120 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-08-20Recruiting
Maternal Cardiac Output Response to Rescue Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine Boluses During Spinal Anesthesia for Caesarean Section in Patients With Severe Preeclampsia: a Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT05035485]32 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-09-13Recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel-group, Double-blind, Comparative Trial of the Superiority of Paracetamol 500mg/Fexofenadine 60mg/Phenylephrine 20mg Fixed-dose Combination Versus Placebo in the Symptomatic Treatment of Flu and Cold [NCT05118672]Phase 3478 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-08-30Not yet recruiting
Influence of Continuous Administration of Phenylephrine Versus Dobutamine on Spinal Oxygen Saturation, Measured With Near-infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). [NCT03846765]Phase 436 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-07-04Completed
A Phase 3, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Groups Clinical Trial Comparing The Efficacy And Safety Of Intranasally Administered Kovacaine Mist To Placebo For Anesthetizing Maxillary Teeth In Pediatric Patients [NCT01844830]Phase 390 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-05-31Completed
A Phase 3, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Groups Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Intranasally Administered Kovacaine Mist to Placebo for Anesthetizing Maxillary Teeth in Adults [NCT01745380]Phase 3150 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-02-28Completed
Evaluation of Patients After Cardiac Surgery: Novel Ultrasound Parameters for Quantification of Renal Perfusion & Analysis of Phenylephrines' Effect on Invasive Haemodynamics and Echocardiographic Measures [NCT04419662]Phase 430 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-05-25Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT00276016 (2) [back to overview]The Average Change From Baseline to Endpoint (6 Hours Post-dosing) in Nasal Congestion for Pseudoephedrine and Placebo.
NCT00276016 (2) [back to overview]The Average Change From Baseline to Endpoint (6 Hours Post-dosing) in Nasal Congestion for Phenylephrine Compared With Placebo
NCT00356265 (1) [back to overview]α1-adrenoceptor Vasoreactivity With L-NMMA
NCT00458003 (2) [back to overview]The Umbilical Artery pH
NCT00458003 (2) [back to overview]The Umbilical Artery Blood Base Excess
NCT00552110 (2) [back to overview]Standardized Area Under the Curve From 0 to 4 Hours [AUC(0-4 hr)] of the Change From Baseline to Hour 4 on Day 1 in Nasal Congestion Score
NCT00552110 (2) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in AM/PM Instantaneous Total Nasal Symptom Score (NOW TNSS) Averaged Over Days 1 to 15
NCT00584987 (6) [back to overview]RQLQ Score [2 Weeks]
NCT00584987 (6) [back to overview]RQLQ Score [6 Weeks]
NCT00584987 (6) [back to overview]RQLQ Score [4 Weeks]
NCT00584987 (6) [back to overview]RQLQ Score [Baseline]
NCT00584987 (6) [back to overview]Total Nasal Congestion Symptom Score
NCT00584987 (6) [back to overview]Total NPIF
NCT00603720 (1) [back to overview]Effect of NO Inhibition on Myocardial Substrate Metabolism in Humans
NCT00796328 (1) [back to overview]Effective Dose of Phenylephrine at Which 90% of Subjects Have no Spinal Induced Hypotension
NCT00838695 (2) [back to overview]Change in Blood Pressure
NCT00838695 (2) [back to overview]ED50 After Phenylephrine
NCT00846651 (5) [back to overview]Incidence of Maternal Nausea and Vomiting
NCT00846651 (5) [back to overview]Incidence of Maternal Hypotension
NCT00846651 (5) [back to overview]Dosage of Phenylephrine Used
NCT00846651 (5) [back to overview]Incidence of Maternal Bradycardia
NCT00846651 (5) [back to overview]APGAR Scores
NCT00874120 (1) [back to overview]Average Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) Readings for a 5-hour Range Around the Time of Maximum Concentration (Tmax).
NCT00976209 (2) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants That Preferred Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended Release Tablets, as Compared to Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Immediate Release Tablets for the Relief of Nasal Congestion
NCT00976209 (2) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants That Preferred the Convenience of Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended Release Tablets, as Compared to Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Immediate Release Tablets
NCT01080625 (1) [back to overview]Occurrence of Postreperfusion Syndrome (PRS)
NCT01216410 (5) [back to overview]Maternal Hemodynamics
NCT01216410 (5) [back to overview]Pruritus
NCT01216410 (5) [back to overview]Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)
NCT01216410 (5) [back to overview]Intraoperative Nausea and Vomiting
NCT01216410 (5) [back to overview]Satisfaction
NCT01302483 (5) [back to overview]Maximum Change in Pulse From Baseline
NCT01302483 (5) [back to overview]Soft Tissue Anesthesia Duration
NCT01302483 (5) [back to overview]Maximum Change in Blood Pressure From Baseline
NCT01302483 (5) [back to overview]Pulpal Anesthesia
NCT01302483 (5) [back to overview]Maximum Change in Pulse Oximetry From Baseline
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Pulse Oximetry Maximum Change From Baseline
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Pulse Rate Maximum Change From Baseline
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Systolic BP Maximum Change From Baseline
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Half Life of Oxymetazoline
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Cmax of Oxymetazoline
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Cmax of PBBA
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Cmax of Tetracaine
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Diastolic BP Maximum Change From Baseline
NCT01304316 (9) [back to overview]Half Life of PBBA
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in the Morning (a.m.) Symptom Score for the Nasal Reflective Symptom Assessment by Study Day of the Treatment Period
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in the a.m. Symptom Score for the Instantaneous Nasal Symptom Assessment by Study Day of the Treatment Period
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline for the Instantaneous Nasal Symptom Assessment Score By Study Day of the Treatment Period
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline for the Daily Reflective Nasal Symptom Assessment Score by Study Day of the Treatment Period
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Time to Maximal Effect
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline Over the Entire Treatment Period in the Daily Reflective Nasal Congestion Score
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Change From Baseline for the Instantaneous Nasal Symptom Assessment Score at Day 7
NCT01330017 (8) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in the Evening (p.m.) Symptom Score for the Nasal Reflective Symptom Assessment by Study Day of the Treatment Period
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]Time to Completion of Gastric Emptying
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax)
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]Time to Onset of Gastric Emptying
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]Time to Reach Plasma Paracetamol Concentration of 0.25 μg/mL (Microgram Per Milliliter)
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]Time to Onset and Completion of Disintegration of Reference Tablets
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]AUC (0-60 Min)
NCT01332578 (8) [back to overview]Area Under the Concentration/Time Curve From 0 to 30 Minutes (Min) (AUC 0-30 Min)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]AUC 0-t (the Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC) From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Time Point Post-dose)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]Cmax (the Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]MRT (the Mean Residence Time)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]t1/2z (the Terminal Half-life, Where Possible)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]Tmax (the Time to Maximum Concentration)
NCT01365650 (6) [back to overview]AUC 0-∞ (the AUC From Time Zero to Infinity, Where Possible)
NCT01378325 (1) [back to overview]Number of Physician Interventions Needed to Maintain Maternal Blood Pressure After Spinal Anesthesia Within 20% of Baseline and to Treat Bradycardia During Cesarean Delivery.
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in the Morning Reflective Symptom Assessment Score
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire With Standardized Activities (RQLQ)
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Reflective Nasal Congestion Score Per Day
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Time to Maximal Phenylephrine Effect
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Day 7 Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Score
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline for the Evening Reflective Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline for the Morning Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline for the Morning Reflective Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period.
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Score
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Score Per Day
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Reflective Nasal Congestion Score
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in Morning Predose Instantaneous Nasal Congestion Symptom Score
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline for the Evening Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period.
NCT01413958 (14) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in the Evening Reflective Symptom Assessment Score
NCT01448057 (2) [back to overview]Daily Average of the Sum of a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale for All Symptoms
NCT01448057 (2) [back to overview]Physician Global Evaluation of Effectiveness on Nasal Symptoms
NCT01481740 (6) [back to overview]Incidence of Hypotension
NCT01481740 (6) [back to overview]Incidence of Hypotension
NCT01481740 (6) [back to overview]Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting
NCT01481740 (6) [back to overview]Neonatal Acidosis
NCT01481740 (6) [back to overview]Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting
NCT01481740 (6) [back to overview]Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting
NCT01576809 (3) [back to overview]Subject Acceptability of the Syrup
NCT01576809 (3) [back to overview]Warming Sensation Caused by the Excipient IFF Flavor 316 282, in a Syrup Containing Paracetamol 500 mg + Phenylephrine 10mg + Guaifenesin 200 mg Per 30 ml Syrup
NCT01576809 (3) [back to overview]Safety and Tolerability of the Syrup
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Heart Rate Lower Than 50 Bpm
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Completion of the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic (Yes/no).
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Intraoral Soft-tissue Anesthesia (Yes/no)
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Heart Rate
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Alcohol Sniff Test
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 90 mm Hg
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 25 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 160 mm Hg
NCT01660893 (14) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Heart Rate Higher Than 125 Bpm
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Incidence of Adverse Events by Dose Level Regardless of Age
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Adverse Events by Dose Level and Age
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Adverse Events by Dose Level and Age
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Adverse Events by Dose Level and Age
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Naris Examination (NE) to Assess Reactions to the Study Drug.
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Heart Rate
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.
NCT01701505 (10) [back to overview]Oxygen Saturation
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure After Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 10 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 50 mm Hg
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Higher Than 125 Bpm
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Lower Than 50 Bpm
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 105 mm Hg
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Heart Rate
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Intraoral Soft-tissue Anesthesia (Yes/no)
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Intraoral Soft-tissue Anesthesia (Onset and Duration)
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Alcohol Sniff Test
NCT01710787 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 25 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 160 mm Hg
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and/or to a Value Higher Than 105 mm Hg
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 25 mm Hg and/or to a Value Higher Than 160 mm Hg
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic by Age Group (≤50 and >50 Years)
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Heart Rate
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]The Profile Over Time of Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Alcohol Sniff Test
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Maximum Change From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Received Three Sprays and Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 10 mm Hg and/or to a Value Lower Than 50 mm Hg
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and/or to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Higher Than 125 Bpm
NCT01745380 (16) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Lower Than 50 Bpm
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Decrease in DBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Tmax of Oxymetazoline and PBBA
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Half-life of Oxymetazoline and PBBA
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Cmax of Oxymetazoline and PBBA
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]AUC0-t of Oxymetazoline and PBBA
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]AUC0-infinity of Oxymetazoline and PBBA
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]SpO2 Increase of > 5% on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]SpO2 Decrease of > 5% on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Increase in SBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Increase in Pulse Rate > 20 Bpm on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Increase in DBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Decrease in SBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01807624 (13) [back to overview]Decrease in Pulse Rate > 20 Bpm on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication
NCT01813149 (1) [back to overview]Expression of α1-adrenoceptors (α1-AR) in Dermal Nerve Bundles in the CRPS-affected Limb of Phenylephrine Responders and Non-responders
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Results of Naris Examination (NE) - Patency and Ulcerations
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.by Dosage Cohort.
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic. by Age Group (3-5, 6-11, and 12-17 Years Old, Inclusive).
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Incidence of Adverse Events (AEs) by Dosage Cohort
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Incidence of Adverse Events (AEs) by Age Group
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate
NCT01844830 (9) [back to overview]Maximum Change From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT01847131 (2) [back to overview]Effectiveness of Oxymetazoline in the Treatment of Rhinitis With Persistent Nasal Obstruction
NCT01847131 (2) [back to overview]The Numbers of Subjects Who Developed Rhinitis Medicamentosa After Using Oxymetazoline
NCT01848041 (5) [back to overview]Corrected Snellen Visual Acuity
NCT01848041 (5) [back to overview]Humphrey Visual Field
NCT01848041 (5) [back to overview]Marginal Reflex Distance
NCT01848041 (5) [back to overview]Palpebral Fissure Distance Measurement
NCT01848041 (5) [back to overview]Contrast Sensitivity
NCT01994538 (4) [back to overview]Intestinal Carriage of Antimicrobial-resistant Gram Negative Bacilli
NCT01994538 (4) [back to overview]Recurrent UTI Within 28 Days of Completing Active Study Medication
NCT01994538 (4) [back to overview]Resolution of UTI Symptoms 14 Days After Completing Active Antimicrobial Therapy
NCT01994538 (4) [back to overview]Adverse Drug Event in the 28 Days After Completing Study Medication
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Cerebral Tissue Oxygen Saturation
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Neonatal Umbilical Cord Gases, BE
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Neonatal Umbilical Cord Gases, pCO2
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Intraoperative Hypotension
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Neonatal Umbilical Cord Gases, pH
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Intraoperative Nausea
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Intraoperative Vomiting
NCT02025426 (8) [back to overview]Cardiac Output
NCT02062710 (1) [back to overview]Change in Cough Reflex Sensitivity to Capsaicin
NCT02083861 (4) [back to overview]Quality of Life (WOMAC) Change From Baseline
NCT02083861 (4) [back to overview]Range of Motion Change From Baseline in Treated Knee
NCT02083861 (4) [back to overview]Muscle Strength Change From Baseline in Treated Knee
NCT02083861 (4) [back to overview]Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Change From Baseline to Study Conclusion
NCT02095158 (2) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events
NCT02095158 (2) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With at Least a 2-Grade Decrease From Baseline on Both Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) and Subject Satisfaction Assessment (SSA) Using 5-Point Scales
NCT02132117 (6) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Satisfied or Very Satisfied on Item #9 of Satisfaction Assessment for Rosacea Facial Redness (SAT-RFR) at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29
NCT02132117 (6) [back to overview]Percent Change From Baseline on Rosacea Facial Redness as Measured by Digital Imaging Analysis (DIA) at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29
NCT02132117 (6) [back to overview]Change From Baseline on the Symptom Assessment for Rosacea Facial Redness (SA-RFR) Item # 4 at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29
NCT02132117 (6) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With at Least a 2-Grade Improvement (Decrease) From Baseline on Both Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) and Subject Self-Assessment for Rosacea Facial Redness (SSA) 5-point Scales
NCT02132117 (6) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With at Least a 1-Grade Improvement (Decrease) From Baseline on SSA at Hour 1 on Day 1
NCT02132117 (6) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With at Least a 2-Grade Improvement (Decrease) From Baseline on SSA at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29
NCT02132312 (3) [back to overview]Acute Postoperative Pain
NCT02132312 (3) [back to overview]Safety as Measured by Treatment-emergent Adverse Events, the Number of Affected Patients/at Risk (%) and the Number of Events.
NCT02132312 (3) [back to overview]Intraoperative Pupil Diameter
NCT02135094 (5) [back to overview]Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
NCT02135094 (5) [back to overview]Change in Pain Rated on Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) From Pre-treatment to 30 Minutes Into Treatment, 2 Hours Into Treatment, and Post-treatment (4 Hours Into Treatment)
NCT02135094 (5) [back to overview]Comparison of Pain Level Using Global Rating of Change (GROC) Scale.
NCT02135094 (5) [back to overview]Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Change From Day 1 Pre-treatment.
NCT02135094 (5) [back to overview]Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale Assessed Before, During, and After Treatment.
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Patients With ST-segment Abnormalities on ECG
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Length of ICU Stay
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Maximum Heart Rate
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Mean Central Venous Oxygen Saturation
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Mean Central Venous Pressure
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Mean Troponin-I
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Days Spent Out of the Hospital
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Days Hemodialysis Needed
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Times an Anti-arrhythmic Agent is Used
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Days Mechanical Ventilation Needed
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Days Without Mechanical Ventilation
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]CK-MB
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Direct Current (DC) Cardioversion Events
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Participants Developing Peripheral Limb Ischemia
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Participants Receiving Non-study Vasopressors
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Cardiac Arrest Events
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Participants Rehospitalized After Discharge
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Total Time in Arrhythmia
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Mean Blood Pressure (Maximum and Minimum)
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Location of Death
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Cause of Death
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Uses of Rate-controlling Agent
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Amount of Time Non-study Vasopressors Used
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Use of Corticosteroid
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]28-day Mortality
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Arrhythmia Events
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Creatinine Kinase (CK)
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Number of Days Without Vasopressor Use
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Days Without Dialysis
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Hospital Days Not in ICU
NCT02203630 (31) [back to overview]Length of Hospital Stay
NCT02285634 (4) [back to overview]Change in Systolic Blood Pressure
NCT02285634 (4) [back to overview]Change in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure
NCT02285634 (4) [back to overview]Change in Heart Rate
NCT02285634 (4) [back to overview]Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure
NCT02354833 (4) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Experiencing Both Nausea and Emesis
NCT02354833 (4) [back to overview]Median Total Rescue Bolus Dose of Ephedrine (mg) to Maintain SBP
NCT02354833 (4) [back to overview]Median Total Rescue Bolus Dose of Phenylephrine (mcg) to Maintain SBP
NCT02354833 (4) [back to overview]Number of Rescue Boluses to Maintain SBP
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]National Eye Institute - Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ)
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Interface Haze
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Interface Haze
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Graft Failure/Graft Rejection
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Graft Thickness
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Endothelial Cell Count
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Best Spectacle-Corrected Visual Acuity
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Adverse Events/Complication Rates
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Endothelial Cell Count
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Best Spectacle-Corrected Visual Acuity
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Best Spectacle-Corrected Visual Acuity
NCT02373137 (13) [back to overview]Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations
NCT02436759 (2) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in Marginal Reflex Distance (MRD) in the Study Eye
NCT02436759 (2) [back to overview]Mean Change in Number of Points Seen on the Leicester Peripheral Field Test (LPFT) in RVL-1201 Group vs. Vehicle Group
NCT02453841 (4) [back to overview]Amount of Bleeding
NCT02453841 (4) [back to overview]Blood Pressure Following Oxymetazoline Administration
NCT02453841 (4) [back to overview]Ease of Hemostasis
NCT02453841 (4) [back to overview]Heart Rate Following Oxymetazoline Administration.
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Patients Requiring Fluid Bolus for Management
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Area Under Curve of MAP Below 65
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Creatinine Change
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Fluid Balance Measured by Inputs and Outputs (I/Os) of All Measurable Fluid in Peri-operative Period
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Number of ICU Stays Greater Than 1.5 Days
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Number of Patients Treated for Hypotension With Phenylephrine Drip
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Organ Oxygenation as Measured by Arterial Blood Gas Values
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Organ Oxygenation as Measured by Serum Lactate
NCT02701582 (9) [back to overview]Pulmonary Status as Measured by the Number of Participants Who Require Supplemental Oxygen
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]PD: Time to Maximum Concentration (Tmax) of Baseline-Adjusted Glucose
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]PK: Time to Maximum Concentration (Tmax) of Baseline Adjusted Glucagon
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]PK: Maximum Change From Baseline Concentration (Cmax) of Glucagon
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]PK: Area Under the Curve Extrapolated to Infinity (AUC[0-inf]) of Baseline Adjusted Glucagon
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetics (PK): Area Under the Concentration Versus Time Curve From Time Zero to T (AUC[0-tlast]) of Baseline Adjusted Glucagon
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]Pharmacodynamics (PD): Area Under the Effect Concentration Time Curve (AUEC0-3) of Baseline-Adjusted Glucose From Time Zero up to 3 Hours
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]PD: Baseline-Adjusted Glucose Maximum Concentration (BGmax) of Baseline-Adjusted Glucose
NCT02778100 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With One or More Serious Adverse Event(s) (SAEs)
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]Maximum Intraoperative Change in Pupil Diameter
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]Mean Area Under the Curve Change From Baseline in Pupil Diameter Over Time to the End of Cataract Surgery
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]Number of Eyes With Pupil Diameter Less Than 6 mm at Any Time During Surgery
NCT02895035 (4) [back to overview]Number of Eyes With Pupil Diameter Less Than 6 mm During Cortical Clean-up
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Pupil Size Immediately Prior to Capsulorrhexis
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients in Each Arm That Required Use of an Iris Expansion Device During the Procedure
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Pupil Size (mm) Immediately After Nuclear Disassembly
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Pupil Size Immediately Prior to Intraocular Lens (IOL) Insertion
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Pupil Size Upon Completion of Surgery
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Cumulative Energy Dispersed for Each Arm
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Mean Time Taken to Perform Phacoemulsification
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Mean Time Taken to Perform Phacoemulsification in Each Arm
NCT02909140 (9) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients in Each Arm That Required Another Mydriatic Agent
NCT02965924 (2) [back to overview]Change in Intraocular Pressure (IOP)
NCT02965924 (2) [back to overview]Change in Episcleral Venous Pressure (EVP)
NCT03228914 (1) [back to overview]Surgical Field Visualization During Sinus Surgery as Indicated by Score on Boezaart Grading Scale
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Average Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Average Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores
NCT03339726 (17) [back to overview]Mean Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score
NCT03352323 (1) [back to overview]Responder
NCT03380390 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With at Least a 1-Grade Improvement From Baseline in the Clinical Erythema Assessment Scale at Any Time-point
NCT03380390 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events (AE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE)
NCT03380390 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With at Least a 1-Grade Worsening From Baseline in the Clinician's Telangiectasia Assessment (CTA) at Any Time-point
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 120 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 15 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 180 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 240 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Mean Time for Gastric Emptying by Measuring 25 Percent Values
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 45 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 60 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 75 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 90 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Gastric Emptying Half-Life
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Mean Time for Gastric Emptying by Measuring 50 Percent Values
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Mean Time for Gastric Emptying by Measuring 90 Percent Values
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Small Intestine Transit Time
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 90 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 60 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Mean Time to Complete Gastric Emptying
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 75 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Total Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 45 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 30 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 105 Minutes
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 15 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 30 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 240 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 180 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 120 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 105 Minutes of Administration
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Change in Laboratory Test Values
NCT03415243 (29) [back to overview]Mean Time to Onset of Gastric Emptying
NCT03751098 (3) [back to overview]Proportion of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 6.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication
NCT03751098 (3) [back to overview]Change in Pupil Diameter From Baseline
NCT03751098 (3) [back to overview]Proportion of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 7.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication
NCT03751631 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 7.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication
NCT03751631 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 6.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication
NCT03751631 (3) [back to overview]Change in Pupil Diameter From Baseline
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Mean Investigator Assessment of Global Aesthetic Improvement (GAI) Grades At the 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Clinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) At the 1- ,2- and 3-Month Post-Baseline Visits
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Clinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) Score At 6-Month Post-Baseline
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Measurement of The Percentage of Subjects Reporting Satisfaction At the 6-Month Post-Baseline Visit
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Measurement of Pain Associated With PDL Treatment
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Measurement of Improvement in Vessel Size At the 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline Visits
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Subject Self-Assessment (SSA) At the 1- ,2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline Visits
NCT04153188 (8) [back to overview]Mean Subject Assessment of Global Aesthetic Improvement (GAI) Grades At the 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline
NCT04831047 (4) [back to overview]Change in Eye Redness as Measured by the Validated Bulbar Redness Grading Scale
NCT04831047 (4) [back to overview]Change in Patient-reported Eye Appearance - FACE-Q Upper Eyelid Appearance
NCT04831047 (4) [back to overview]Change in Palpebral Fissure Height
NCT04831047 (4) [back to overview]Change in Patient-reported Eye Appearance - FACE-Q Eye Appearance
NCT05439460 (1) [back to overview]Change in Systemic Vascular Resistance Index (SVRI) to Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Index (PVRI) Ratio (Rp:Rs Ratio)

The Average Change From Baseline to Endpoint (6 Hours Post-dosing) in Nasal Congestion for Pseudoephedrine and Placebo.

"To estimate the effect of a pseudoephedrine (PSE) 60 mg immediate release tablet on nasal congestion over a 6-hour observation period relative to placebo~The values for the nasal congestion score scale are 0,1,2,3 for measure of symptoms, defined as 0-none, 1-mild, 2-moderate, 3-severe. They are subject-evaluated results." (NCT00276016)
Timeframe: Baseline to endpoint (6 hour period)

,
InterventionUnits on a scale (Mean)
BaselineEndpoint
Placebo2.20-0.12
Pseudoephedrine2.26-0.47

[back to top]

The Average Change From Baseline to Endpoint (6 Hours Post-dosing) in Nasal Congestion for Phenylephrine Compared With Placebo

"To evaluate the effect of phenylephrine 12-mg immediate-release capsule on nasal congestion in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) who have been exposed to pollen for 6 hours in the Vienna Challenge Chamber (VCC). The average change from the Baseline was evaluated immediately before treatment start, over the first 6 hour post-dosing.~The values for the scale are 0,1,2,3 for measure of symptoms, defined as 0-none, 1-mild, 2-moderate, 3-severe. They are subject-evaluated results." (NCT00276016)
Timeframe: Baseline to endpoint (6 hour period)

,
InterventionUnits on a scale (Mean)
Baseline scoreChange from Baseline to Endpoint Score
Phenylephrine2.20-0.18
Placebo2.20-0.12

[back to top]

α1-adrenoceptor Vasoreactivity With L-NMMA

"Vasoreactivity is defined as Forearm blood flow, dose response curve; ml per minute per log of phenylephrine, or FABF ml/min/logPE;~The x axis is the ml/min value and the y axis is the log Phenylephrine concentration." (NCT00356265)
Timeframe: up to 8 hours

,
Interventionml/min x 1/log[PE] (Mean)
before L-NMMA infusionafter L-NMMA infusion
Chronic Kidney Disease-0.48-0.31
Normotensive Group-0.22-0.16

[back to top]

The Umbilical Artery pH

"The umbilical artery blood pH immediately after delivery. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A normal pH sample from the umbilical artery ranges from pH: 7.18 - 7.38.~The lower the pH the more acidic and the higher the pH the more basic." (NCT00458003)
Timeframe: Immediately after delivery

InterventionpH (Median)
Phenylephrine7.22
Ephedrine7.20

[back to top]

The Umbilical Artery Blood Base Excess

"The umbilical artery blood base excess immediately after delivery. Base excess and base deficit refer to an excess or deficit, in the amount of base present in the blood.~The value (-2 to +2 normal range) is usually reported as a concentration in units of mEq/L, with positive numbers indicating an excess of base and negative a deficit" (NCT00458003)
Timeframe: Immediately after delivery

InterventionmEq/L (Median)
Phenylephrine-2.8
Ephedrine-3.4

[back to top]

Standardized Area Under the Curve From 0 to 4 Hours [AUC(0-4 hr)] of the Change From Baseline to Hour 4 on Day 1 in Nasal Congestion Score

Subjects scored nasal congestion/stuffiness using an ordinal scale from 0 = none to 3 = severe. Baseline was the average of the scores assessed every 15 minutes for 1 hour prior to dosing on Day 1. After dosing on Day 1, congestion was scored every 15 minutes for the 1st hour and every 30 minutes for the next 3 hours. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using the trapezoid rule, then standardization achieved by dividing the calculation by 4 hours. Treatment comparisons were examined using the standardized AUC(0-4 hr) of the change from baseline to hour 4 on Day 1. (NCT00552110)
Timeframe: from baseline to hour 4 on Day 1

Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Combination1-0.80
Combination3-0.92
Mometasone-0.63
Oxymetazoline-1.06
Placebo-0.57

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in AM/PM Instantaneous Total Nasal Symptom Score (NOW TNSS) Averaged Over Days 1 to 15

Subjects scored severity of rhinorrhea, nasal congestion/stuffiness, nasal itching, and sneezing at the time of evaluation (NOW) using an ordinal scale from 0 = none to 3 = severe. Evaluations were performed daily in the morning (AM) and evening (PM). For each evaluation, individual symptom scores were summed to a TNSS, which was then averaged for a single score across the 15 day treatment period. (NCT00552110)
Timeframe: 15 days of treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Combination1-3.29
Combination3-3.36
Mometasone-2.97
Oxymetazoline-2.44
Placebo-1.90

[back to top]

RQLQ Score [2 Weeks]

The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) has 28 questions and focusses on 7 domains that may be significantly impaired in participants with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: sleep impairment, non-nasal symptoms, practical problems, nasal symptoms, eye symptoms, activity limitations, and emotional difficulty. The RQLQ score is the mean of all 28 responses and the individual domain scores are the means of the items in those domains. RQLQ scores range from 0-6, with a higher score indicating more significant impairment. (NCT00584987)
Timeframe: assessed 2 weeks after initiation of treatment regimen

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo FF + Placebo OXY2.20
FF + Placebo OXY2.03
Placebo FF + OXY2.11
FF + OXY1.62

[back to top]

RQLQ Score [6 Weeks]

The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) has 28 questions and focusses on 7 domains that may be significantly impaired in participants with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: sleep impairment, non-nasal symptoms, practical problems, nasal symptoms, eye symptoms, activity limitations, and emotional difficulty. The RQLQ score is the mean of all 28 responses and the individual domain scores are the means of the items in those domains. RQLQ scores range from 0-6, with a higher score indicating more significant impairment. (NCT00584987)
Timeframe: assessed 6 weeks after initiation of treatment regimen

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo FF + Placebo OXY1.85
FF + Placebo OXY1.83
Placebo FF + OXY2.03
FF + OXY1.55

[back to top]

RQLQ Score [4 Weeks]

The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) has 28 questions and focusses on 7 domains that may be significantly impaired in participants with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: sleep impairment, non-nasal symptoms, practical problems, nasal symptoms, eye symptoms, activity limitations, and emotional difficulty. The RQLQ score is the mean of all 28 responses and the individual domain scores are the means of the items in those domains. RQLQ scores range from 0-6, with a higher score indicating more significant impairment. (NCT00584987)
Timeframe: assessed 4 weeks after initiation of treatment regimen

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo FF + Placebo OXY1.75
FF + Placebo OXY1.37
Placebo FF + OXY1.85
FF + OXY1.26

[back to top]

RQLQ Score [Baseline]

The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) has 28 questions and focusses on 7 domains that may be significantly impaired in participants with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: sleep impairment, non-nasal symptoms, practical problems, nasal symptoms, eye symptoms, activity limitations, and emotional difficulty. The RQLQ score is the mean of all 28 responses and the individual domain scores are the means of the items in those domains. RQLQ scores range from 0-6, with a higher score indicating more significant impairment. (NCT00584987)
Timeframe: assessed at baseline

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo FF + Placebo OXY3.07
FF + Placebo OXY3.25
Placebo FF + OXY2.99
FF + OXY2.60

[back to top]

Total Nasal Congestion Symptom Score

The severity of nasal congestion was recorded in the morning (reflective of symptoms overnight) and evening (reflective of daytime symptoms) on a 0 to 3 scale. The total nasal congestion symptom score was obtained by adding the symptoms obtained on all 28 days of treatment. Values for this outcome are in the range of 0 to 168 (i.e., 6 x 28). Congestion scores increase with congestion severity (i.e., higher numbers correspond to worse congestion). (NCT00584987)
Timeframe: 28 days of treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Median)
Placebo FF + Placebo OXY94
FF + Placebo OXY70
Placebo FF + OXY75
FF + OXY68

[back to top]

Total NPIF

Nasal peak inspiratory flow (NPIF) is a physiological measure of nasal airflow which is particularly sensitive to nasal valve collapse. NPIF was measured objectively in liters per minute with an In-Check Peak Inspiratory FlowMeter (Ferraris Medical Inc, Orchard Park, NY). Subjects obtained 3 readings every morning and every evening and recorded the best flow measured. The morning and evening NPIF measurements were summed for days 2 through 28 of the treatment cycle, yielding the total NPIF outcome measure. NPIF scores increase with air flow quality (i.e., higher NPIF values are indicative of better nasal air flow). (NCT00584987)
Timeframe: days 2 through 28 of the treatment cycle

Interventionliters per minute (Median)
Placebo FF + Placebo OXY5240
FF + Placebo OXY5680
Placebo FF + OXY4485.5
FF + OXY5520

[back to top]

Effect of NO Inhibition on Myocardial Substrate Metabolism in Humans

Determine in young healthy volunteers the extent to which acute inhibition of nitric oxide production will effect a shift in myocardial substrate utilization characterized as a decline in myocardial fatty acid oxidation, and perhaps myocardial fatty acid utilization, and increase in myocardial glucose uptake, and whether these changes are associated with a decline in LV function. (NCT00603720)
Timeframe: 1-3 months

Interventionpercentage of substrate (Mean)
L-Name in YoungNA
PhenylephrineNA
L-arginine in YoungNA
L-arginine in OldNA
L-NAME in OldNA

[back to top]

Effective Dose of Phenylephrine at Which 90% of Subjects Have no Spinal Induced Hypotension

"The effective dose at which 90% of subjects will have a positive response to a phenylephrine infusion, i.e. no spinal induced hypotension. We hypothesize that the ED90 will be between 40 - 60 mcg/min." (NCT00796328)
Timeframe: Spinal administration until delivery

Interventiondose of phenylephrine (Number)
Phenylephrine InfusionNA

[back to top]

Change in Blood Pressure

change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, comparing before and after cold pressor test. A subset of 57 participants (of the 106) who were in the primary outcome measure also participated in the cold pressor test. (NCT00838695)
Timeframe: baseline to 2 minutes

,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Change in Systolic Blood PressureChange in Diastolic Blood pressure
African Americans23.016.9
Caucasians18.916.4

[back to top]

ED50 After Phenylephrine

ED50 is a measurement of vein constriction and indicates 50% of maximal constriction after being given medication phenylephrine, representing sensitivity to the drug. Phenylephrine was infused at increasing dose rates, ranging from 12-9600 ng/min. The infusion at each dose rate lasted 7 minutes, with the vein diameter measured during the last 2 minutes of the infusion. The number represents the ng/ml of phenylephrine needed to reach 50% of maximal vein constriction. ED50 values were not normally distributed and were log-transformed for analysis and expressed as geometric means. (NCT00838695)
Timeframe: 70 minutes

Interventionng/min (Geometric Mean)
African Americans172
Caucasians310

[back to top]

Incidence of Maternal Nausea and Vomiting

(NCT00846651)
Timeframe: participants were assessed for an average of 20 min, after performing the spinal anesthetic till the delivery of the baby

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Colloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion16.2
Crystalloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion18.9

[back to top]

Incidence of Maternal Hypotension

(NCT00846651)
Timeframe: participants were assessed for an average of 20 min, after performing the spinal anesthetic till the delivery of the baby

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Colloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion10.8
Crystalloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion27

[back to top]

Dosage of Phenylephrine Used

(NCT00846651)
Timeframe: participants were assessed for an average of 20 min, after performing the spinal anesthetic till the delivery of the baby

Interventionmcg of phenylephrine (Mean)
Colloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion1077
Crystalloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion1477

[back to top]

Incidence of Maternal Bradycardia

(NCT00846651)
Timeframe: participants were assessed for an average of 20 min, after performing the spinal anesthetic till the delivery of the baby

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Colloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion35.1
Crystalloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion45.8

[back to top]

APGAR Scores

The Apgar score is determined by evaluating the newborn baby on five simple criteria on a scale from zero to two, then summing up the five values thus obtained. The resulting Apgar score ranges from zero to 10 with higher scores being better than lower scores. The five criteria are summarized using words chosen to form an acronym (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration). (NCT00846651)
Timeframe: Apgar scores were assessed at 1 amd 5 min after delivery of the baby

Interventionunits on a scale (Median)
Colloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion9
Crystalloid, Then Phenylephrine Infusion9

[back to top]

Average Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) Readings for a 5-hour Range Around the Time of Maximum Concentration (Tmax).

Five hour (hr) range around the Tmax was defined as approximately 2 hours before to approximately 2 hours after the Tmax, including Tmax. The parameters will be compared between active drug and placebo using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The 95% 2-sided Confidence Interval (CI) on the difference between treatments will also be presented. (NCT00874120)
Timeframe: 24 hours after final dose of each 7-day treatment period.

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Phenylephrine118.3
Placebo118.6

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants That Preferred Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended Release Tablets, as Compared to Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Immediate Release Tablets for the Relief of Nasal Congestion

"Preference was calculated based on total participants that completed the study.~Responses to the following questions in the consumer preference questionnaire were the basis for the preference endpoints:~Which product, if any, did you prefer for the relief of nasal congestion?~The possible answers were:~I preferred the relief of Treatment A (the every 12 hours white tablet; Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended Release Tablet)~I preferred the relief of Treatment B (the every 4 hours red tablet; Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Immediate Release tablet)~or~• I did not have a preference" (NCT00976209)
Timeframe: Visit 6 (Period 2, Day 4)

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Phenylephrine HCL ER, 30 mgPhenylephrine HCl IR, 10 mgNo Preference
All Participants552817

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants That Preferred the Convenience of Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended Release Tablets, as Compared to Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Immediate Release Tablets

"Convenience was calculated based on total participants that completed the study.~Responses to the following questions in the consumer preference questionnaire were the basis for the preference endpoints:~Secondary Endpoint~Which product, if any, was more convenient?~The possible answers were:~I preferred the convenience of Treatment A (the every 12 hours white tablet; Phenylephrine HCl 30 mg Extended Release Tablet)~I preferred the convenience of Treatment B (the every 4 hours red tablet; Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Immediate Release tablet)~or~• I did not have a preference" (NCT00976209)
Timeframe: Visit 6 (Period 2, Day 4)

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Phenylephrine HCL ER, 30 mgPhenylephrine HCL IR, 10 mgNo Preference
All Participants8866

[back to top]

Occurrence of Postreperfusion Syndrome (PRS)

the number of patients who showed PRS (hypotension defined as < 30% of baseline mean arterial pressure [MAP] lasting over 1 min immediately after reperfusion of liver graft) was divided by the total number of patients enrolled for each group (NCT01080625)
Timeframe: immediately after reperfusion

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Phenylephrine45
Epinephrine39
Control87

[back to top]

Maternal Hemodynamics

The number of patients with systolic blood pressure decrease to less than 20 % of baseline intraoperatively (NCT01216410)
Timeframe: Intraoperatively

Interventionparticipants with SBP< 20 % baseline (Number)
Combination Group16
Metoclopramide19
Phenylephrine Infusion16

[back to top]

Pruritus

(NCT01216410)
Timeframe: 0-24 hrs

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Combination Group95
Metoclopramide93
Phenylephrine Infusion97

[back to top]

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)

(NCT01216410)
Timeframe: 0-2h, 2-6h, 6-24h

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
0-2 hrs PONV2-6 hrs PONV6-24 hrs PONV
Combination Group202822
Metoclopramide333526
Phenylephrine Infusion394122

[back to top]

Intraoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Comparison of intraoperative nausea and vomiting between the 3 groups. (NCT01216410)
Timeframe: Intraoperatively

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Combination Group23
Metoclopramide31
Phenylephrine Infusion49

[back to top]

Satisfaction

1=very satisfied, 2=somewhat satisfied, 3= neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, 4=somewhat dissatisfied, 5= very dissatisfied. Number of very satisfied subjects posted. (NCT01216410)
Timeframe: 24 h

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Combination Group94
Metoclopramide85
Phenylephrine Infusion87

[back to top]

Maximum Change in Pulse From Baseline

Maximum change from Baseline at any time point. (NCT01302483)
Timeframe: Baseline, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120 minutes

Interventionbeats per minute (Mean)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray-11.13
Lidocaine Injection-6.60

[back to top]

Soft Tissue Anesthesia Duration

"Assessment of pain using a Rotadent sensor probe, applying up to 20 grams/cm^2 at the tissue site. At each time point, participants were asked if they felt pain from the sensor probe at each site location in the mouth. The four sites were:~Site 1: Distal to the apex of the tooth in the position of the maxillary first premolar at the deepest point in the buccal vestibule~Site 2: Apical to the maxillary lateral incisor at the deepest point in the labial vestibule~Site 3: Incisive papilla~Site 4: At the confluence of the alveolar process and hard palate medial to the maxillary second premolar (near the greater palatine foramen)" (NCT01302483)
Timeframe: Baseline, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120 minutes

,
InterventionMinutes (Mean)
Site 1 DurationSite 2 DurationSite 3 DurationSite 4 Duration
Kovacaine Nasal Spray21.116.131.831.4
Lidocaine Injection34.232.125.029.3

[back to top]

Maximum Change in Blood Pressure From Baseline

Maximum change from Baseline at any time point. (NCT01302483)
Timeframe: Baseline, 15, 20, 30, 40 50, 60, 120 minutes

,
InterventionmmHG (Mean)
Systolic blood pressureDiastolic blood pressure
Kovacaine Nasal Spray4.50-2.67
Lidocaine Injection3.43-5.07

[back to top]

Pulpal Anesthesia

Number of participants who did not need rescue anesthesia to complete the study dental procedure, i.e. Kovacaine provided enough pulpal anesthesia to complete a dental procedure. (NCT01302483)
Timeframe: Continuous throughout dental treatment period (up to 60 minutes)

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray25
Lidocaine Injection14

[back to top]

Maximum Change in Pulse Oximetry From Baseline

Maximum change from Baseline at any time point (NCT01302483)
Timeframe: Baseline, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120 minutes

InterventionSpO2 (Mean)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray0.17
Lidocaine Injection-0.80

[back to top]

Pulse Oximetry Maximum Change From Baseline

(NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

Intervention% oxygen (Mean)
Standard K305 DoseHigh K305 Dose
Kovacaine Nasal Spray0.90.3

[back to top]

Pulse Rate Maximum Change From Baseline

(NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

Interventionbpm (Mean)
Standard K305 DoseHigh K305 Dose
Kovacaine Nasal Spray5.28.5

[back to top]

Systolic BP Maximum Change From Baseline

(NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Standard K305 DoseHigh K305 Dose
Kovacaine Nasal Spray10.714.7

[back to top]

Half Life of Oxymetazoline

Extra-vascular, non-compartmental analysis is used to derive pharmacokinetic parameters; estimated from observed plasma concentration values, the dose administered, the AUCs, and the terminal elimination phase rate constant for each dose group (NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

Interventionh (Mean)
0.3 mg0.6 mg
Kovacaine Nasal Spray2.321.72

[back to top]

Cmax of Oxymetazoline

Extra-vascular, non-compartmental analysis is used to derive pharmacokinetic parameters; estimated from observed plasma concentration values, the dose administered, the AUCs, and the terminal elimination phase rate constant for each dose group (NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
0.3 mg0.6 mg
Kovacaine Nasal Spray1.452.05

[back to top]

Cmax of PBBA

Extra-vascular, non-compartmental analysis is used to derive pharmacokinetic parameters; estimated from observed plasma concentration values, the dose administered, the AUCs, and the terminal elimination phase rate constant for each dose group (NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
Standard DoseHigh Dose
Kovacaine Nasal Spray492886

[back to top]

Cmax of Tetracaine

Extra-vascular, non-compartmental analysis is used to derive pharmacokinetic parameters; estimated from observed plasma concentration values, the dose administered, the AUCs, and the terminal elimination phase rate constant for each dose group (NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
18 mg36 mg
Kovacaine Nasal Spray0.2431.15

[back to top]

Diastolic BP Maximum Change From Baseline

(NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Standard K305 DoseHigh K305 Dose
Kovacaine Nasal Spray10.811.7

[back to top]

Half Life of PBBA

Extra-vascular, non-compartmental analysis is used to derive pharmacokinetic parameters; estimated from observed plasma concentration values, the dose administered, the AUCs, and the terminal elimination phase rate constant for each dose group (NCT01304316)
Timeframe: Baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 minutes

Interventionh (Mean)
Standard doseHigh dose
Kovacaine Nasal Spray1.001.01

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in the Morning (a.m.) Symptom Score for the Nasal Reflective Symptom Assessment by Study Day of the Treatment Period

The morning reflective nasal congestion score was captured in participant diaries just before the 8:00 am dose. It is a composite score including four nasal symptoms: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and sneezing and it is rated on a 0-3 scale of severity with 0 = absent symptoms, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, and 3 = severe symptoms. (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,,,,
InterventionUnits on a Scale (Mean)
Baseline (n = 109, 108, 106, 111, 102)Day 2 (n = 104, 106, 102, 104, 101)Day 3 (n = 104, 104, 102, 103, 101)Day 4 (n = 104, 104, 101, 102, 101)Day 5 (n = 104, 104, 101, 100, 100)Day 6 (n = 104, 104, 100, 100, 100)Day 7 (n = 104, 103, 100, 99, 100)
PE 10 mg2.417-0.243-0.359-0.503-0.426-0.474-0.541
PE 20 mg2.517-0.200-0.362-0.439-0.458-0.612-0.472
PE 30 mg2.481-0.216-0.324-0.485-0.465-0.584-0.594
PE 40 mg2.492-0.308-0.369-0.510-0.474-0.474-0.539
Placebo2.514-0.283-0.362-0.422-0.392-0.428-0.438

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in the a.m. Symptom Score for the Instantaneous Nasal Symptom Assessment by Study Day of the Treatment Period

"Instantaneous assessment of nasal symptoms was performed once daily before the~morning dose. The instantaneous assessment was a composite score of four nasal symptoms: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and sneezing and is rated on a 0-3 scale of severity with 0 = absent symptoms, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, and 3 = severe symptoms." (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,,,,
InterventionUnits on a Scale (Mean)
Baseline (n = 107, 106, 104, 106, 101)Day 2 (n = 104, 105, 102, 103, 101)Day 3 (n = 104, 103, 102, 102, 101)Day 4 (n = 104, 103,101,101, 101)Day 5 (n = 104, 103, 101, 99, 101)Day 6 (n = 104, 104, 100, 99, 100)Day 7 (n = 104, 102, 100, 98, 100)
PE 10 mg2.271-0.147-0.265-0.324-0.304-0.353-0.382
PE 20 mg2.3110.010-0.206-0.255-0.314-0.422-0.376
PE 30 mg2.298-0.060-0.130-0.253-0.283-0.337-0.408
PE 40 mg2.311-0.010-0.112-0.351-0.232-0.379-0.404
Placebo2.406-0.180-0.130-0.280-0.240-0.260-0.380

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline for the Instantaneous Nasal Symptom Assessment Score By Study Day of the Treatment Period

"Instantaneous assessment of nasal symptoms was performed once daily before the~morning dose. The instantaneous assessment was a composite score of four nasal symptoms: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and sneezing and is rated on a 0-3 scale of severity with 0 = absent symptoms, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, and 3 = severe symptoms." (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,,,,
InterventionUnits on a Scale (Mean)
Baseline (n = 107, 106, 104, 106, 101)Day 2 (n = 102, 104, 100, 99, 100)Day 3 (n = 102, 102, 100, 98, 100)Day 4 (n = 102, 102, 99, 97, 100)Day 5 (n = 102, 102, 99, 95, 100)Day 6 (n =102, 102, 98, 95, 100)Day 7 (n = 102, 101, 98, 94, 100)
PE 10 mg2.271-0.147-0.265-0.324-0.304-0.353-0.382
PE 20 mg2.3110.010-0.206-0.255-0.314-0.422-0.376
PE 30 mg2.298-0.060-0.130-0.253-0.283-0.337-0.408
PE 40 mg2.311-0.010-0.112-0.351-0.232-0.379-0.404
Placebo2.406-0.180-0.130-0.280-0.240-0.260-0.380

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline for the Daily Reflective Nasal Symptom Assessment Score by Study Day of the Treatment Period

The reflective nasal congestion score was captured in participant diaries just before the 8:00 a.m. dose and 12 hours later just before the 8:00 p.m. dose. It is a composite score including four nasal symptoms: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and sneezing and is rated on a 0-3 scale of severity with 0 = absent symptoms, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, and 3 = severe symptoms. The daily reflective nasal congestion symptom score was defined as the average of the morning and evening reflective nasal congestion score for the entire treatment period. (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,,,,
InterventionUnits on a Scale (Mean)
Baseline (n = 109. 108, 106, 111, 102)Day 1 (n = 102, 106, 101, 102, 101)Day 2 (n = 104, 106, 102, 104, 101)Day 3 (n = 104, 104, 102, 103, 101)Day 4 (n = 104, 104, 101, 102, 101)Day 5 (n = 104, 104, 101, 100, 101)Day 6 (n = 104, 104, 100, 100, 100)Day 7 (n = 104, 103, 100, 99, 100)
PE 10 mg2.394-0.353-0.297-0.451-0.519-0.475-0.543-0.576
PE 20 mg2.452-0.367-0.320-0.449-0.468-0.550-0.689-0.573
PE 30 mg2.440-0.431-0.367-0.441-0.559-0.529-0.635-0.610
PE 40 mg2.437-0.389-0.392-0.425-0.520-0.484-0.544-0.556
Placebo2.457-0.364-0.345-0.444-0.449-0.444-0.460-0.490

[back to top]

Time to Maximal Effect

Time to maximal effect is defined as the earliest time that the nasal congestion symptom score demonstrates the greatest numerical difference from the placebo in change from baseline. The mean change from baseline scores for a treatment arm and for the placebo arm at each day and timepoint of the treatment period (Day 1 morn, Day 1 eve, etc) were calculated. Then the difference between the placebo and treatment arm means at each day/timepoint of the treatment period was calculated and recorded the day/timepoint that the difference between the treatment arm and the placebo was highest. (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline up to Day 7

InterventionDays (Number)
PE 10 mg5.5
PE 20 mg5.5
PE 30 mg5.5
PE 40 mg5.5

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline Over the Entire Treatment Period in the Daily Reflective Nasal Congestion Score

The reflective nasal congestion score was captured in participant diaries just before the 8:00 a.m. dose and 12 hours later just before the 8:00 p.m. dose. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity from 0 (best) to 3 (worst), with 0 = absent symptoms, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, and 3 = severe symptoms. The daily reflective nasal congestion symptom score was defined as the average of the morning and evening reflective nasal congestion score for the entire treatment period. Baseline was defined as the average of the daily scores over the 4 consecutive 24-hour periods before randomization. (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 7

InterventionUnits on a Scale (Mean)
PE 10 mg-0.460
PE 20 mg-0.499
PE 30 mg-0.508
PE 40 mg-0.461
Placebo-0.428

[back to top]

Change From Baseline for the Instantaneous Nasal Symptom Assessment Score at Day 7

The magnitude of effect was measured as the change from baseline for the instantaneous nasal symptom assessment score at Day 7. Instantaneous assessment of nasal symptoms was performed once daily before the morning dose. The instantaneous assessment was a composite score of four nasal symptoms: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and sneezing and is rated on a 0-3 scale of severity with 0 = absent symptoms, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, and 3 = severe symptoms. (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 7

InterventionUnits on a Scale (Mean)
PE 10 mg-0.382
PE 20 mg-0.376
PE 30 mg-0.408
PE 40 mg-0.404
Placebo-0.380

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in the Evening (p.m.) Symptom Score for the Nasal Reflective Symptom Assessment by Study Day of the Treatment Period

The evening reflective nasal congestion score was captured in participant diaries just before the 8;00 p.m. dose. It is a composite score including four nasal symptoms: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and sneezing and is rated on a 0-3 scale of severity with 0 = absent, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, and 3 = severe symptoms. (NCT01330017)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,,,,
InterventionUnits on a Scale (Mean)
Baseline (n = 109, 108, 106, 111, 102)Day 1 (n = 102, 106, 101, 102, 101)Day 2 (n = 102, 103, 102, 103, 101)Day 3 (n = 104, 104, 101, 101, 101)Day 4 (n = 104, 104, 101, 99, 100)Day 5 (n = 104, 102, 97, 99, 99)Day 6 (n = 104, 103, 100, 100, 100)Day 7 (n = 104, 102, 100, 98, 100)
PE 10 mg2.376-0.321-0.360-0.546-0.536-0.526-0.613-0.613
PE 20 mg2.361-0.285-0.410-0.512-0.474-0.610-0.750-0.650
PE 30 mg2.363-0.359-0.483-0.527-0.597-0.564-0.648-0.588
PE 40 mg2.362-0.321-0.466-0.480-0.533-0.475-0.597-0.564
Placebo2.380-0.287-0.386-0.505-0.450-0.485-0.470-0.520

[back to top]

Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax)

Cmax was determined using plasma paracetamol concentration time profile. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Blood samples taken within 15-30 min prior to dosing and at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 30, 45, 90, 120 and 180 minutes post-dose

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
Hot Drink Remedy8309.58
Standard Paracetamol Tablets9225.20

[back to top]

Time to Completion of Gastric Emptying

Time to completion of gastric emptying of hot drink remedy and standard paracetamol tablets was assessed using Gamma Scintigraphy images and WebLink image analysis program. Completion of gastric emptying was confirmed by two consecutive images with negligible gastric activity. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Baseline to 10 hours

Interventionminutes (Least Squares Mean)
Hot Drink Remedy202.59
Standard Paracetamol Tablets168.38

[back to top]

Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax)

Time after administration when the maximum plasma concentration was reached. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Blood samples taken within 15-30 min prior to dosing and at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 30, 45, 90, 120 and 180 minutes post-dose

Interventionhours (Median)
Hot Drink Remedy1.50
Standard Paracetamol Tablets1.99

[back to top]

Time to Onset of Gastric Emptying

The individual anterior and posterior images were assessed using Gamma Scintigraphy images and WebLink Image Analysis program to determine the time to onset of gastric emptying of hot drink remedy and standard paracetamol tablets. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Baseline to 10 hours

Interventionminutes (Least Squares Mean)
Hot Drink Remedy7.86
Standard Paracetamol Tablets54.23

[back to top]

Time to Reach Plasma Paracetamol Concentration of 0.25 μg/mL (Microgram Per Milliliter)

Time to reach plasma paracetamol concentration of 0.25 μg/mL was determined using plasma concentration time profiles. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Blood samples taken within 15-30 minutes prior to dosing and at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 30, 45, 90, 120 and 180 minutes post-dose

Interventionminutes (Median)
Hot Drink Remedy4.59
Standard Paracetamol Tablets23.14

[back to top]

Time to Onset and Completion of Disintegration of Reference Tablets

Qualitative onset and completion of tablet disintegration was determined using Gamma scintigraphy images and WebLink image analysis program. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Baseline to 10 hours post dose

Interventionminutes (Mean)
Onset Time of DisintegrationCompletion Time of Disintegration
Standard Paracetamol Tablets42.5062.88

[back to top]

AUC (0-60 Min)

AUC (0-60 min) was determined from paracetamol plasma concentration time profiles using trapezoidal method. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Blood samples taken within 15-30 min prior to dosing and at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 30, 45, 90, 120 and 180 minutes post-dose

Interventionng*h/mL (Mean)
Hot Drink Remedy5007.11
Standard Paracetamol Tablets1874.22

[back to top]

Area Under the Concentration/Time Curve From 0 to 30 Minutes (Min) (AUC 0-30 Min)

AUC (0-30 min) was determined from paracetamol plasma concentration time profiles using trapezoidal rule. (NCT01332578)
Timeframe: Blood samples taken within 15-30 min prior to dosing and at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 30, 45, 90, 120 and 180 minutes post-dose

Interventionnanograms (ng)*hours (h)/mL (Mean)
Hot Drink Remedy1535.80
Standard Paracetamol Tablets387.28

[back to top]

AUC 0-t (the Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC) From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Time Point Post-dose)

PK analysis by standard model was performed by a pharmacokineticist using model-independent analysis methods in WinNonlin Professional. Actual blood sampling times for ketorolac assay were converted to a time from dosing (elapsed time). Elapsed times were listed by subject for each time, together with individual plasma concentrations of ketorolac. (NCT01365650)
Timeframe: Blood samples for PK analyses were obtained at pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 15 and 24 hours post administration of ketorolac tromethamine

Interventionng*h/mL (Mean)
Single i.n. Dose of 30 mg Ketorolac Tromethamine9001.8
Single i.n. Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Followed by a9310.3
Seven Days of Treatment With i.n. Fluticasone Propionate8794.3

[back to top]

Cmax (the Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration)

PK analysis by standard model was performed by a pharmacokineticist using model-independent analysis methods in WinNonlin Professional. Actual blood sampling times for ketorolac assay were converted to a time from dosing (elapsed time). Elapsed times were listed by subject for each time, together with individual plasma concentrations of ketorolac. (NCT01365650)
Timeframe: Blood samples for PK analyses were obtained at pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 15 and 24 hours post administration of ketorolac tromethamine

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
Single i.n. Dose of 30 mg Ketorolac Tromethamine1630.223
Single i.n. Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Followed by a1729.393
Seven Days of Treatment With i.n. Fluticasone Propionate1617.810

[back to top]

MRT (the Mean Residence Time)

PK analysis by standard model was performed by a pharmacokineticist using model-independent analysis methods in WinNonlin Professional. Actual blood sampling times for ketorolac assay were converted to a time from dosing (elapsed time). Elapsed times were listed by subject for each time, together with individual plasma concentrations of ketorolac. (NCT01365650)
Timeframe: Blood samples for PK analyses were obtained at pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 15 and 24 hours post administration of ketorolac tromethamine

Interventionhours (Mean)
Single i.n. Dose of 30 mg Ketorolac Tromethamine7.241
Single i.n. Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Followed by a6.861
Seven Days of Treatment With i.n. Fluticasone Propionate7.088

[back to top]

t1/2z (the Terminal Half-life, Where Possible)

PK analysis by standard model was performed by a pharmacokineticist using model-independent analysis methods in WinNonlin Professional. Actual blood sampling times for ketorolac assay were converted to a time from dosing (elapsed time). Elapsed times were listed by subject for each time, together with individual plasma concentrations of ketorolac. (NCT01365650)
Timeframe: Blood samples for PK analyses were obtained at pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 15 and 24 hours post administration of ketorolac tromethamine

Interventionhours (Mean)
Single i.n. Dose of 30 mg Ketorolac Tromethamine5.583
Single i.n. Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Followed by a5.172
Seven Days of Treatment With i.n. Fluticasone Propionate5.216

[back to top]

Tmax (the Time to Maximum Concentration)

PK analysis by standard model was performed by a pharmacokineticist using model-independent analysis methods in WinNonlin Professional. Actual blood sampling times for ketorolac assay were converted to a time from dosing (elapsed time). Elapsed times were listed by subject for each time, together with individual plasma concentrations of ketorolac. (NCT01365650)
Timeframe: Blood samples for PK analyses were obtained at pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 15 and 24 hours post administration of ketorolac tromethamine

Interventionhours (Median)
Single i.n. Dose of 30 mg Ketorolac Tromethamine1.000
Single i.n. Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Followed by a1.250
Seven Days of Treatment With i.n. Fluticasone Propionate0.875

[back to top]

AUC 0-∞ (the AUC From Time Zero to Infinity, Where Possible)

PK analysis by standard model was performed by a pharmacokineticist using model-independent analysis methods in WinNonlin Professional. Actual blood sampling times for ketorolac assay were converted to a time from dosing (elapsed time). Elapsed times were listed by subject for each time, together with individual plasma concentrations of ketorolac. (NCT01365650)
Timeframe: Blood samples for PK analyses were obtained at pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 15 and 24 hours post administration of ketorolac tromethamine

Interventionng*h/mL (Mean)
Single i.n. Dose of 30 mg Ketorolac Tromethamine9906.9
Single i.n. Dose of Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Followed by a9959.1
Seven Days of Treatment With i.n. Fluticasone Propionate9445.4

[back to top]

Number of Physician Interventions Needed to Maintain Maternal Blood Pressure After Spinal Anesthesia Within 20% of Baseline and to Treat Bradycardia During Cesarean Delivery.

"Physician interventions are triggered by hemodynamic changes more than 20% of baseline. The intervention can be one or more of the following:~stopping the phenylephrine infusion~changing the rate of phenylephrine infusion~rescue intravenous bolus of phenylephrine (100 µg) for hypotension~rescue intravenous bolus of atropine (0.4 mg) for bradycardia" (NCT01378325)
Timeframe: Patients will be followed up throughout the Cesarean delivery (average of 1.5 hours).

Interventionnumber of interventions (Median)
Phenylephrine0
Saline3

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in the Morning Reflective Symptom Assessment Score

The reflective assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity over the preceding 12 hours. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The daily morning nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured daily (morning) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms. The average of individual reflective nasal scores was reported as the daily reflective nasal congestion score over the entire treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1-7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineEntire Treatment Period
Phenylephrine2.357-0.403
Placebo2.274-0.425

[back to top]

Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire With Standardized Activities (RQLQ)

"The RQLQ is a disease-specific quality of life questionnaire developed to measure the physical, emotional, and social problems in adults with rhinoconjunctivitis. Questions were divided into 7 domains: sleep (3 questions), non-hay fever symptoms (7 questions), practical problems (3~questions), nasal symptoms (4 questions), eye symptoms (4 questions), and activities (3 questions), and emotions (4 questions). Individual items within the RQLQ are equally weighted. The questionnaire is analyzed directly from the scores recorded and the results are expressed as the mean score for each of the domains (i.e., domain scores range from 0 to 6). Six represents the greatest impairment and 0 represents the least impairment. Overall quality of life score is the mean score for all domains." (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Up to Day 8

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 8
Phenylephrine3.6-0.8
Placebo3.5-0.9

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Reflective Nasal Congestion Score Per Day

The reflective assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity over the preceding 12 hours. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured twice daily (morning and evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = severe symptoms. The average of individual reflective nasal scores were reported as the daily reflective nasal congestion score for each day of the treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 1Day 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Phenylephrine2.357-0.261-0.302-0.401-0.395-0.465-0.461-0.474
Placebo2.271-0.197-0.321-0.396-0.492-0.478-0.488-0.512

[back to top]

Time to Maximal Phenylephrine Effect

The time to maximal phenylephrine effect was defined as the earliest time that the nasal congestion symptom score in the Phenylephrine treatment group demonstrated the greatest numerical difference from the Placebo treatment group in change from baseline. The mean change from baseline scores for a Phenylephrine treatment arm and for the Placebo treatment arm at each timepoint of the treatment period (Day 1 morning, Day 1 evening, etc) was calculated. The difference between the Phenylephrine treatment arm and Placebo treatment arm mean at each timepoint of the treatment period was calculated. The time to maximal phenylephrine effect was the first timepoint at which the difference between the Phenylephrine treatment arm and the Placebo treatment arm was greatest. The results for the Placebo treatment arm are not presented as the result of this outcome measure is only relevant for the Phenylephrine treatment group. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline up to Day 7

InterventionDays (Number)
Phenylephrine0.5

[back to top]

Day 7 Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Score

The instantaneous assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity at the moment of the assessment prior to the next dose. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured twice daily (morning and evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms). The average of individual instantaneous nasal scores was reported as the daily instantaneous nasal congestion score over the entire treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 7
Phenylephrine2.299-0.352
Placebo2.225-0.476

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline for the Evening Reflective Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period

The reflective assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity over the preceding 12 hours. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured daily (evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = severe symptoms. The average of individual reflective nasal scores were reported as the daily reflective nasal congestion score for each day of the treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 1Day 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Phenylephrine2.353-0.257-0.343-0.402-0.420-0.475-0.463-0.464
Placebo2.261-0.187-0.362-0.404-0.511-0.470-0.509-0.528

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline for the Morning Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period

The instantaneous assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity at the moment of the assessment prior to the next dose. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The daily nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured daily (morning) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms. The average of individual instantaneous nasal scores was reported as the daily instantaneous nasal congestion score for each day of the treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Phenylephrine2.313-0.188-0.285-0.326-0.326-0.327-0.319
Placebo2.264-0.185-0.373-0.383-0.387-0.394-0.462

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline for the Morning Reflective Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period.

The reflective assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity over the preceding 12 hours. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured daily (morning) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = severe symptoms. The average of individual reflective nasal scores were reported as the daily reflective nasal congestion score for each day of the treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Phenylephrine2.357-0.263-0.402-0.367-0.451-0.456-0.478
Placebo2.274-0.273-0.380-0.469-0.480-0.462-0.489

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Score

The instantaneous assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity at the moment of the assessment prior to the next dose. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The daily nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured twice daily (morning and evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms. The average of individual instantaneous nasal scores was reported as the daily instantaneous nasal congestion score over the entire treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1-7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineEntire Treatment Period
Phenylephrine2.299-0.311
Placebo2.225-0.366

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Score Per Day

The instantaneous assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity at the moment of the assessment prior to the next dose. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The daily nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured twice daily (morning and evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms. The average of individual instantaneous nasal scores was reported as the daily instantaneous nasal congestion score for each day of the treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 1Day 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Phenylephrine2.299-0.192-0.255-0.307-0.351-0.359-0.361-0.352
Placebo2.225-0.200-0.256-0.373-0.406-0.406-0.443-0.476

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in Daily Reflective Nasal Congestion Score

The reflective assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity over the preceding 12 hours. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured twice daily (morning and evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = absent symptoms (no sign/symptom evident), 1 = mild symptoms (sign/symptom clearly present, but minimal awareness; easily tolerated), 2 = moderate symptoms (definite awareness of sign/symptom that is bothersome but tolerable), and 3 = severe symptoms (sign/symptom that is hard to tolerate; causes interference with activities of daily living and/or sleeping). The average of individual reflective nasal scores was reported as the daily reflective nasal congestion score over the entire treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1-7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineChange from Baseline for Entire Treatment Period
Phenylephrine2.357-0.394
Placebo2.271-0.412

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in Morning Predose Instantaneous Nasal Congestion Symptom Score

The instantaneous assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity at the moment of the assessment prior to the next dose. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured daily (morning) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms. The average of individual morning instantaneous nasal scores was reported as the daily morning instantaneous nasal congestion score over the entire treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1-7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineEntire Treatment Period
Phenylephrine2.313-0.295
Placebo2.264-0.363

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline for the Evening Instantaneous Symptom Assessment Scores for Each Day During the Treatment Period.

The instantaneous assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity at the moment of the assessment prior to the next dose. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The daily nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured daily (evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms. The average of individual instantaneous nasal scores was reported as the daily instantaneous nasal congestion score for each day of the treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineDay 1Day 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Phenylephrine2.300-0.193-0.344-0.349-0.395-0.408-0.424-0.401
Placebo2.189-0.164-0.332-0.378-0.434-0.430-0.497-0.495

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in the Evening Reflective Symptom Assessment Score

The reflective assessment is a self-evaluation of the symptom severity over the preceding 12 hours. Baseline values were calculated as the mean from 4 consecutive 24-hour periods in which a symptom score was ≥1, prior to randomization. The daily evening nasal congestion score was calculated from data captured daily (evening) in the participant's diary during the run-in and treatment periods. Participants rated congestion on a 4-point scale of severity: 0 = best and 3 = worst symptoms). The average of individual reflective nasal scores was reported as the daily reflective nasal congestion score over the entire treatment period. (NCT01413958)
Timeframe: Baseline and Days 1-7

,
InterventionScores on a scale (Mean)
BaselineEntire Treatment Period
Phenylephrine2.353-0.403
Placebo2.261-0.424

[back to top]

Daily Average of the Sum of a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale for All Symptoms

Subject will assess Nasal and non Nasal symptoms using a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale for each symptom, 0=no symptoms 100= the worst possible symptoms (NCT01448057)
Timeframe: Day 3

Interventionmm (Mean)
Arm A169.2
Arm B225.3

[back to top]

Physician Global Evaluation of Effectiveness on Nasal Symptoms

"The Physician will measure the reduction of Nasal Symptoms (Nasal Congestion, Sneezing, and Rhinorrhea) on day 2.~Range from 1 to 5 where 1 is excellent and 5 is bad :~1 = excellent : 75% to 100% remission of signs and symptoms 5 = bad : exacerbation of nasal symptoms" (NCT01448057)
Timeframe: Day 2

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Arm A1.9
Arm B2.1

[back to top]

Incidence of Hypotension

(NCT01481740)
Timeframe: intraoperative - postdelivery

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Phenylephrine Bolus34
Phenylephrine Infusion6

[back to top]

Incidence of Hypotension

(NCT01481740)
Timeframe: intraoperative - predelivery

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Phenylephrine Bolus59
Phenylephrine Infusion22

[back to top]

Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting

(NCT01481740)
Timeframe: 2 hrs postoperative

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Phenylephrine Bolus29
Phenylephrine Infusion26

[back to top]

Neonatal Acidosis

(NCT01481740)
Timeframe: intraoperative

InterventionpH value (Mean)
Phenylephrine Bolus7.27
Phenylephrine Infusion7.27

[back to top]

Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting

(NCT01481740)
Timeframe: intraoperative 2-3 hours

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Phenylephrine Bolus59
Phenylephrine Infusion37

[back to top]

Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting

(NCT01481740)
Timeframe: 24hrs postoperative

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Phenylephrine Bolus26
Phenylephrine Infusion28

[back to top]

Subject Acceptability of the Syrup

"In response to the question How did you like the warming sensation you have experienced for this product?, the number of patients answering Like extremely or Like very much or Like moderately or Like slightly~Possible responses are :~Like extremely Like very much Like moderately Like slightly Neither like nor dislike Dislike slightly Dislike moderately Dislike very much Dislike extremely" (NCT01576809)
Timeframe: 1 hour

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection36

[back to top]

Warming Sensation Caused by the Excipient IFF Flavor 316 282, in a Syrup Containing Paracetamol 500 mg + Phenylephrine 10mg + Guaifenesin 200 mg Per 30 ml Syrup

Intensity of warming sensation felt by subjects between predose to 1 minute postdose where 0= no warming sensation and 100= strongest possible warming sensation (NCT01576809)
Timeframe: 1 minutes

Interventionmm (Mean)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection34.6

[back to top]

Safety and Tolerability of the Syrup

Number of participants with adverse events. (NCT01576809)
Timeframe: 1 hour

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection6

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Heart Rate Lower Than 50 Bpm

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Completion of the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic (Yes/no).

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at 15 minutes with a 3 minute window

,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
SuccessFailure
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral55
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral06
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral28

[back to top]

Intraoral Soft-tissue Anesthesia (Yes/no)

Number of patients who reported no pain when incisive papilla and greater palatine foramen soft-tissue was tested with a probe (NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at 15 minutes with a 3 minute window

,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Incisive PapillaGreater Palatine Foramen
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral72
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral21
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral51

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Pre-Study10 Minutes30 Minutes45 Minutes60 Minutes90 Minutes120 Minutes
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral74.177.981.076.476.180.579.1
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral77.775.5NA74.277.878.877.7
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral73.073.870.072.275.973.172.1

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Heart Rate

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,,
Interventionbpm (Mean)
Pre-Study10 Minutes30 Minutes45 Minutes60 Minutes90 Minutes120 Minutes
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral76.969.664.669.667.367.168.4
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral81.075.8NA73.870.272.070.8
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral69.167.164.564.365.364.365.0

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Systolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Pre-Study10 Minutes30 Minutes45 Minutes60 Minutes90 Minutes120 Minutes
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral113.0116.5123.0118.5116.1117.7119.5
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral125.5118.8NA118.8121.7119.7119.2
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral116.1114.2110.0113.6113.3112.0113.7

[back to top]

Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionbpm (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral3.4
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral3.5
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral2.3

[back to top]

Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Systolic Blood PressureDiastolic Blood Pressure
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral12.811.2
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral1.26.2
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral3.54.5

[back to top]

Alcohol Sniff Test

The change from screening in the the distance from the nose (in centimeters) that a patient is able to detect the smell of an alcohol swab. (NCT01660893)
Timeframe: administered at approximately 24 hours after drug administration

Interventioncm (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0.4
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0.8
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral2.1

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 90 mm Hg

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 25 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 160 mm Hg

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Heart Rate Higher Than 125 Bpm

(NCT01660893)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Incidence of Adverse Events by Dose Level Regardless of Age

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist High Dose8
Kovacaine Mist Mid Dose12
Kovacaine Mist Low Dose20

[back to top]

Systolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: At Baseline, 12 minutes, and 120 minutes

,,,,,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Baseline12 mins120 mins
Cohort A: 12-17 High Dose (400uL Kovacaine Mist)115.4121.0116.4
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)113.1119.1120.5
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)122.5122.3120.1
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)111.3105.5106.3
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)106.5109.9102.3
Cohort C: 3-6 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)97.8101.9101.9

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Adverse Events by Dose Level and Age

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
3-6 Years7-11 Years12-17 Years
Kovacaine Mist Low Dose866

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Adverse Events by Dose Level and Age

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
7-11 Years12-17 Years
Kovacaine Mist Mid Dose75

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Adverse Events by Dose Level and Age

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
12-17 Years
Kovacaine Mist High Dose8

[back to top]

Naris Examination (NE) to Assess Reactions to the Study Drug.

The principal investigator will perform a visual inspection to note number of participants at post-dose that have a ulceration, inflammation or minor bleeding. (NCT01701505)
Timeframe: At Baseline and 120 Minutes

,,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Post-dose ulceration (not present at baselinePost-dose inflammation (not present at baseliPost-dose minor bleeding (not present at baseline)
Cohort A: 12-17 High Dose (400uL Kovacaine Mist)000
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)001
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)011
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)000
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)000
Cohort C: 3-6 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)000

[back to top]

Heart Rate

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: At Baseline, 12 minutes, and 120 minutes

,,,,,
Interventionbpm (Mean)
Baseline12 mins120 mins
Cohort A: 12-17 High Dose (400uL Kovacaine Mist)75.577.376.1
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)72.975.478.4
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)83.680.984.3
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)90.391.691.9
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)80.682.586.9
Cohort C: 3-6 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)90.189.395.0

[back to top]

Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: At Baseline, 12 minutes, and 120 minutes

,,,,,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Baseline12 mins120 mins
Cohort A: 12-17 High Dose (400uL Kovacaine Mist)62.166.170.1
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)64.663.964.3
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)70.968.469.0
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)65.062.065.0
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)63.864.661.6
Cohort C: 3-6 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)61.060.466.1

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.

If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic and is considered a failure for this outcome. (NCT01701505)
Timeframe: at 14 minutes with a 3 minute window

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)6
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)7
Cohort A: 12-17 High Dose (400uL Kovacaine Mist)8
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)5
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)7
Cohort C: 3-6 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)4

[back to top]

Oxygen Saturation

(NCT01701505)
Timeframe: At Baseline, 12 minutes, and 120 minutes

,,,,,
Interventionpercent (Mean)
Baseline12 mins120 mins
Cohort A: 12-17 High Dose (400uL Kovacaine Mist)98.397.996.9
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)97.397.397.0
Cohort A: 12-17 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)98.898.397.4
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)97.397.496.0
Cohort B: 7-11 Years Med Dose (200 uL Kovacaine Mist)97.496.397.5
Cohort C: 3-6 Years Low Dose (120uL Kovacaine Mist)97.696.497.5

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure After Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.

If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic and is considered a failure for this outcome. (NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at 15 minutes with a 3 minute window

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral84.1
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral27.3
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral27.3

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 10 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 50 mm Hg

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral1
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Higher Than 125 Bpm

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral1
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Lower Than 50 Bpm

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral1
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral2
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 105 mm Hg

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral1
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral10.5
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral7.3
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral6.7

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Systolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Pre-Study (Baseline)10 mins30 mins45 mins60 mins90 mins120 mins
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral121.3125.0123.5121.7123.1124.3125.0
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral118.5121.5130.5118.7117.5116.6115.7
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral118.6122.0122.2125.1121.7122.1121.1

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Heart Rate

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,,
Interventionbeats per minute (Mean)
Pre-Study (Baseline)10 mins30 mins45 mins60 mins90 mins120 mins
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral76.575.369.872.871.373.171.4
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral74.876.376.073.173.072.173.7
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral75.17682.674.173.272.073.8

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Pre-Study (Baseline)10 mins30 mins45 mins60 mins90 mins120 mins
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral75.079.681.777.179.079.377.8
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral74.877.384.575.476.674.175.7
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral75.377.779.678.776.875.776.9

[back to top]

Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionbpm (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral9.4
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral10.5
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral7.0

[back to top]

Intraoral Soft-tissue Anesthesia (Yes/no)

Number of patients who reported no pain when incisive papilla soft-tissue was tested with a probe at designated timepoints (NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at Baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes with a 3 minute window

,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Baseline15 mins30 mins45 mins60 mins90 mins120 mins
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral019172117105
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0003100
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral0835210

[back to top]

Absolute Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionmm Hg (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral13.7
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral10.8
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral5.1

[back to top]

Intraoral Soft-tissue Anesthesia (Onset and Duration)

Mean onset and duration of incisive papilla anesthesia based on number of patients who reported no pain when soft-tissue was tested with a probe at designated timepoints (NCT01710787)
Timeframe: up to 120 mins post-dose

,,
Interventionminutes (Mean)
OnsetDuration
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral9.779.2
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral37.026.0
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral19.532.1

[back to top]

Alcohol Sniff Test

The distance from the nose (in centimeters) that a patient is able to detect the smell of alcohol on an alcohol swab. (NCT01710787)
Timeframe: administered at baseline, 120 minutes and approximately 24 hours after drug administration

,,
Interventioncm (Mean)
Pre-Study (Baseline)120 Minutes24 Hours
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral19.21818.2
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral21.220.920.4
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral18.817.716.1

[back to top]

Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 25 mm Hg and to a Value Higher Than 160 mm Hg

(NCT01710787)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist, 3 Sprays Unilateral2
Tetracaine Only, 3 Sprays Unilateral1
Placebo, 3 Sprays Unilateral0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and/or to a Value Higher Than 105 mm Hg

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following study drug administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist1
Placebo1

[back to top]

Number of Participants With an Increase From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 25 mm Hg and/or to a Value Higher Than 160 mm Hg

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist5
Placebo2

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic by Age Group (≤50 and >50 Years)

If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic and is considered a failure for this outcome. This outcome is broken down by age group, 1) less than 50 years of age and 2) 50 years of age and older. (NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at 15 minutes (+3 minute window) or 25 minutes (+3 minute window) if third intranasal spray is used

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
less or = to 50greater than 50
Kovacaine Mist8790.3
Placebo20.643.8

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
pre-study10 mins30 mins45 mins60 mins90 mins120 mins
Kovacaine Mist73.578.574.476.476.677.879.3
Placebo74.775.267.074.776.775.475.4

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Heart Rate

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,
Interventionbeats per minute (Mean)
pre-study10 mins30 mins45 mins60 mins90 mins120 mins
Kovacaine Mist71.068.067.566.465.865.665.6
Placebo73.672.666.370.969.267.768.9

[back to top]

The Profile Over Time of Systolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
pre-study10 mins30 mins45 mins60 mins90 mins120 mins
Kovacaine Mist123.1128.6117.3125.0127.1128.8129.5
Placebo124.0125.4116.3124.8126.7126.1124.9

[back to top]

Alcohol Sniff Test

The change from screening in the the distance from the nose (in centimeters) that a patient is able to detect the smell of alcohol on a cotton ball. (NCT01745380)
Timeframe: administered at approximately 24 hours after drug administration

Interventioncm (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist-0.8
Placebo1.3

[back to top]

Maximum Change From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist11.1
Placebo6.4

[back to top]

Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionbpm (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist5.3
Placebo5.1

[back to top]

Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes following drug administration

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist13.8
Placebo9.2

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.

If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic and is considered a failure for this outcome. (NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at 15 minutes, +3 minute window

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist88
Placebo14

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Received Three Sprays and Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.

A participant will receive two sprays and Study Dental Procedure will begin. If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia a third sprays will be given. If after the third spray, the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic. This outcome analyzes just the participants who received the third spray and whether or not they completed the Study Dental Procedure without need for rescue by injection of local anesthesia. (NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at 25 minutes, +3 minute window

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist16
Placebo0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 10 mm Hg and/or to a Value Lower Than 50 mm Hg

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following study drug administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist1
Placebo0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Decrease From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure Greater Than or Equal to 15 mm Hg and/or to a Value Lower Than 90 mm Hg

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following study drug administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist1
Placebo1

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Higher Than 125 Bpm

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist0
Placebo0

[back to top]

Number of Participants With a Heart Rate Lower Than 50 Bpm

(NCT01745380)
Timeframe: at any time within 120 minutes following drug administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Mist4
Placebo1

[back to top]

Decrease in DBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray0

[back to top]

Tmax of Oxymetazoline and PBBA

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionminutes (Mean)
OxymetazolinePBBA
Kovacaine Nasal Spray5.822

[back to top]

Half-life of Oxymetazoline and PBBA

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionminutes (Mean)
OxymetazolinePBBA
Kovacaine Nasal Spray5.232.6

[back to top]

Cmax of Oxymetazoline and PBBA

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
OxymetazolinePBBA
Kovacaine Nasal Spray1.79465

[back to top]

AUC0-t of Oxymetazoline and PBBA

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionng*h/mL (Mean)
OxymetazolinePBBA
Kovacaine Nasal Spray3.67960

[back to top]

AUC0-infinity of Oxymetazoline and PBBA

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionng*h/mL (Mean)
OxymetazolinePBBA
Kovacaine Nasal Spray4.24973

[back to top]

SpO2 Increase of > 5% on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray0

[back to top]

SpO2 Decrease of > 5% on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray0

[back to top]

Increase in SBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray3

[back to top]

Increase in Pulse Rate > 20 Bpm on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray2

[back to top]

Increase in DBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray1

[back to top]

Decrease in SBP > 20 mmHg on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray0

[back to top]

Decrease in Pulse Rate > 20 Bpm on 2 Consecutive Measurements After Administration of Study Medication

(NCT01807624)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 minutes, and 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after completion of the last nasal spray

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Kovacaine Nasal Spray2

[back to top]

Expression of α1-adrenoceptors (α1-AR) in Dermal Nerve Bundles in the CRPS-affected Limb of Phenylephrine Responders and Non-responders

Expression of α1-AR was determined from the skin biopsies using immunohistochemistry. Nerve bundles in the reticular dermis were identified in the affected limb of 25 patients with CRPS [only 22 of these were classified as phenylephrine responders/non-responders], in the contralateral limb of 21 patients with CRPS, and in 12 controls. Samples were processed in batches containing sections from 10 controls and from the affected and contralateral limbs of 10 patients. The α1-AR immunoreactivity (a measure of the expression of receptors) scores were transformed into standard units with a mean of 0 and a SD of 1 (ie, Z-scores). Positive scores represent greater than average α1-AR immunoreactivity (i.e. higher expression of α1-AR) compared with other samples in the run, and negative scores represent less than average α1-AR immunoreactivity. Normalized scores were averaged across multiple runs for each patient or control to obtain a mean α1-AR score. (NCT01813149)
Timeframe: Day 2, after clonidine injection

,
Interventionz-score (Mean)
Nerve bundles identified in reticular dermisNerve bundle not identified in reticular dermis
Phenylephrine Non-responders0.142NA
Phenylephrine Responders1.146NA

[back to top]

Results of Naris Examination (NE) - Patency and Ulcerations

"The investigators evaluated the treatment naris for patency and ulcerations.~Patency was evaluated as followed: The nostril not used for dosing study drug was manually occluded and the subject was asked to sniff gently. Airflow in the naris was used to determine if it was patent (yes) or not (no).~For ulcers, the investigators performed a visual examination for the presence of ulcers and recorded if they were present (yes) or not (no)." (NCT01844830)
Timeframe: 120 minutes post drug administration

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Patency (yes)Ulcerations (yes)
Kovacaine Mist590
Placebo300

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.by Dosage Cohort.

If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic and is considered a failure for this outcome. (NCT01844830)
Timeframe: 100µL dose - at 10 minutes, +3 minute window; for subjects who receive the 200µL or 400µL dose - at 15 minutes, +3 minute window

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
100 µL200 µL400 µL
Kovacaine Mist141418
Placebo754

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic. by Age Group (3-5, 6-11, and 12-17 Years Old, Inclusive).

If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic and is considered a failure for this outcome. (NCT01844830)
Timeframe: 100µL dose - at 10 minutes, +3 minute window; for subjects who receive the 200µL or 400µL dose - at 15 minutes, +3 minute window

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
3 to 5 years6 to 11 years12 to 17 years
Kovacaine Mist171415
Placebo862

[back to top]

Incidence of Adverse Events (AEs) by Dosage Cohort

Patients with AEs (NCT01844830)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

,
InterventionCount of participants (Number)
100 µL200 µL400 µL
Kovacaine Mist122215
Placebo697

[back to top]

Incidence of Adverse Events (AEs) by Age Group

Patients with AEs (NCT01844830)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

,
InterventionCount of participants (Number)
3 to 5 years6 to 11 years12 to 17 years
Kovacaine Mist171913
Placebo7114

[back to top]

Number of Participants Who Completed the Study Dental Procedure Without Need for Rescue by Injection of Local Anesthetic.

If the participant does not have sufficient anesthesia to complete the Study Dental Procedure, the participant is given a rescue injection of local anesthetic and is considered a failure for this outcome. (NCT01844830)
Timeframe: 100µL dose - at 10 minutes, +3 minute window; for subjects who receive the 200µL or 400µL dose - at 15 minutes, +3 minute window

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Kovacaine Mist46
Placebo16

[back to top]

Maximum Change From Baseline in Systolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01844830)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist5.4
Placebo1.0

[back to top]

Maximum Change From Baseline in Heart Rate

(NCT01844830)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

Interventionbpm (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist5.6
Placebo6.9

[back to top]

Maximum Change From Baseline in Diastolic Blood Pressure

(NCT01844830)
Timeframe: from baseline to 24 hours following drug administration

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Kovacaine Mist8.3
Placebo2.4

[back to top]

Effectiveness of Oxymetazoline in the Treatment of Rhinitis With Persistent Nasal Obstruction

Primary outcome measure is the nasal congestion score measuring by visual analog scale (VAS) ranging from 1-10 (0 = no symptom and 10 = the most severe symptom) compared between treatment group and controlled group. (NCT01847131)
Timeframe: 6 weeks

Interventionunits on a scale (Geometric Mean)
Oxymetazoline1.38
Placebo1.67

[back to top]

The Numbers of Subjects Who Developed Rhinitis Medicamentosa After Using Oxymetazoline

Rhinitis medicamentosa is the rebound nasal congestion after prolonged use (>7 days) of topical nasal decongestant (eg. oxymetazoline). However, a previous study by Baroody FM et al (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:927-34) showed that using oxymetazoline together with intranasal steroid for 1 month did not increase rhinitis medicamentosa compared to placebo. So we give rhinitis patients in the treatment group with oxymetazoline and intranasal steroid for 1 month, then stop using oxymetazoline and come back for the last visit 2 weeks later to see which patients develop rebound nasal congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa). (NCT01847131)
Timeframe: 6 weeks

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Oxymetazoline0
Placebo0

[back to top]

Corrected Snellen Visual Acuity

"Change from baseline in VA by regimen against placebo and between regimen.~Corrected Snellen VA measurement was performed with the Snellen eye chart using subjects current corrective lens prescription at a distance equivalent to 20 feet (6 meters)." (NCT01848041)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0), Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2) and Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)

,,
InterventionLogMAR (Mean)
Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)
RVL-1201 BID0.0860.0240.023
RVL-1201 QD0.0710.0550.026
RVL-1201 Vehicle (Placebo) BID0.0810.0590.053

[back to top]

Humphrey Visual Field

"The mean change from baseline (Day 0, Hour 0) in number of points seen on the HVF 36-point ptosis protocol test according to a pre-planned hierarchical analysis as follows:~Hour 6 on Visit 4 (Day 13) for the BID regimen versus vehicle~Hour 6 on Visit 4 (Day 13) for the QD regimen versus vehicle~Hour 2 on Visit 4 (Day 13) for the BID regimen versus vehicle~Hour 2 on Visit 4 (Day 13) for the QD regimen versus vehicle~Testing was performed using a Humphrey perimeter at a grid of 36 points confined to the superior hemifield extending 55° to either side of fixation and 45° superior to fixation. Testing was accomplished in the standard fashion using a varying 4-mm2 or 5-mm2 stimulus to determine the visual sensitivity for each grid point in the field (Riemann et al, 2000). A 4-mm2 stimulus was acceptable, but a 5-mm2 stimulus was preferred, if available." (NCT01848041)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0), Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2) and Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)

,,
InterventionPoints seen (Mean)
Base Line (Day 0, Hour 0)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)
RVL-1201 Once Daily9.816.115.9
RVL-1201 Twice Daily12.115.717.0
RVL-1201 Vehicle (Placebo)11.115.717.1

[back to top]

Marginal Reflex Distance

"Change from baseline in MRD by regimen against placebo and between regimen.~The distance from the pupillary light reflex to the central margin of the upper eyelid is the MRD. The MRD will be measured from the external photograph using calipers and the millimeter ruler as the legend." (NCT01848041)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0), Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2) and Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)

,,
InterventionMillimeters (mm) (Mean)
Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)
RVL-1201 Once Daily1.62.42.4
RVL-1201 Twice Daily1.62.32.5
RVL-1201 Vehicle (Placebo)1.62.02.2

[back to top]

Palpebral Fissure Distance Measurement

"Change from baseline in PFD by regimen against placebo and between regimen.~The PFD is the distance from the upper lid margin to the lower lid margin measured through the central visual axis. It will be measured from the external photograph using handheld calipers and the millimeter ruler as the legend." (NCT01848041)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0), Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2) and Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)

,,
InterventionMillimeters (mm) (Mean)
Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)
RVL-1201 Once Daily6.26.97.0
RVL-1201 Twice Daily6.57.17.5
RVL-1201 Vehicle (Placebo)6.56.66.8

[back to top]

Contrast Sensitivity

"Change from baseline in CS by regimen against placebo and between regimen.~The Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity chart will be used at a distance of 1 meter. The subject was instructed to begin reading the letters at the top of the chart and to continue reading across and down the chart. Testing was discontinued when 2 of 3 letters were named incorrectly. The test was scored using the letter-by-letter method where a value of 0.05 log CS is given per correct letter (Haymes et al, 2006)." (NCT01848041)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0), Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2) and Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)

,,
InterventionLetters Read (Mean)
Baseline (Day 0, Hour 0)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 2)Visit 4 (Day 13, Hour 6)
RVL-1201 Once Daily33.134.735.5
RVL-1201 Twice Daily34.735.836.8
RVL-1201 Vehicle (Placebo)33.335.335.1

[back to top]

Intestinal Carriage of Antimicrobial-resistant Gram Negative Bacilli

Intestinal carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacilli after completing study medication, as compared to a baseline sample taken early in treatment. Antimicrobial resistance for this measure was defined as newly detected resistance to either of the study drugs, ciprofloxacin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. (NCT01994538)
Timeframe: 7 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Longer (14 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment4
Shorter (7 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment4

[back to top]

Recurrent UTI Within 28 Days of Completing Active Study Medication

New onset of symptomatic UTI within the 28 day follow-up period (NCT01994538)
Timeframe: 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Longer (14 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment15
Shorter (7 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment13

[back to top]

Resolution of UTI Symptoms 14 Days After Completing Active Antimicrobial Therapy

This outcome will be assessed in a binary manner. Subjects with persistent UTI symptoms or having received further antimicrobials because of UTI symptoms will be considered to have not met the primary outcome, whereas those without persistent UTI symptoms and not having received further antimicrobials will be considered to have met the primary outcome. (NCT01994538)
Timeframe: 14 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Longer (14 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment111
Shorter (7 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment122

[back to top]

Adverse Drug Event in the 28 Days After Completing Study Medication

"The incidence of adverse drug events, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, drug allergy, and C. difficile infection, both individually and in aggregate, will be compared between treatment groups~This outcome is number of subjects experiencing ANY adverse drug event" (NCT01994538)
Timeframe: 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Longer (14 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment29
Shorter (7 Day) Duration Antimicrobial Treatment26

[back to top]

Cerebral Tissue Oxygen Saturation

(NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Intraoperative from spinal placement till 10 min after delivery

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Phenylephrine30.08
Ephedrine19.10

[back to top]

Neonatal Umbilical Cord Gases, BE

The amount of strong acid (in mmol/L) that needs to be added in vitro to 1 liter of fully oxygenated blood in order to return the sample to standard (normal) conditions (pH 7.40, pCO2 40 mmHg and temperature 37 °C.) (NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Within 5 minutes after delivery

Interventionmmol/L (Mean)
Phenylephrine-4.83
Ephedrine-8.23

[back to top]

Neonatal Umbilical Cord Gases, pCO2

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) is the measure of carbon dioxide within arterial blood flowing through the umbilical cord. (NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Within 5 minutes after delivery

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Phenylephrine56.71
Ephedrine55.93

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Intraoperative Hypotension

(NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Intraoperatively from spinal placement till 10 minutes after delivery

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine8
Ephedrine4

[back to top]

Neonatal Umbilical Cord Gases, pH

Used to assess acid-base balance. pH ranges from 0 to 14 and a pH of 7.40 is considered standard (normal) conditions. (NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Within 5 minutes after delivery

Interventionunitless (Mean)
Phenylephrine7.24
Ephedrine7.19

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Intraoperative Nausea

(NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Intraoperatively from time of spinal placement until end of surgery

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine5
Ephedrine3

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Intraoperative Vomiting

(NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Intraoperatively from time of spinal placement until end of surgery

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine2
Ephedrine1

[back to top]

Cardiac Output

(NCT02025426)
Timeframe: Intraoperative from spinal placement till 10 min after delivery

InterventionmL/minute (Mean)
Phenylephrine8.19

[back to top]

Change in Cough Reflex Sensitivity to Capsaicin

increase in C5 (decrease in cough reflex sensitivity). Capsaicin cough challenge involves subjects breathing in incremental doubling concentrations of aerosolized capsaicin, 1 minute apart, until the concentration of capsaicin (micromolar) inducing 5 or more coughs (C5) is reached. (NCT02062710)
Timeframe: 2 hours after study drug administration

Interventionlog C5 (uM) (Mean)
Diphenhydramine/Phenylephrine/Cocoa0.97
Dextromethorphan0.80
Placebo0.57

[back to top]

Quality of Life (WOMAC) Change From Baseline

WOMAC questionnaire will be utilized (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index). WOMAC was divided into 3 categories: pain, stiffness, function and total score. The pain category consists of five scores from 0-10, 0 is no pain 10 is worst pain possible for a range of 0 - 50 points. The stiffness category consists of two scores from 0-10, 0 is no stiffness 10 is worst stiffness possible for a range of 0 - 20 points. The function score consists of 17 scores from 0-10, 0 is normal function and 10 is severely limited function, for a range of 0 - 170 points. Categories were multiplied by 10 for analysis. Total score is the sum of pain, stiffness, and function scores (range of 0 - 2400). (NCT02083861)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 6

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
WOMAC Pain Score ChangeWOMAC Stiffness Score ChangeWOMAC Function Score ChangeWOMAC Total Score Change
Active Ultrasound Device-107.3-45.0-352.3-504.6
Placebo Ultrasound Device-60.8-17.1-220.1-311.2

[back to top]

Range of Motion Change From Baseline in Treated Knee

JTech equipment was used to evaluate range of motion range of motion using an inclinometer (www.jtechmedical.com) in flexion and extension of the treated knee. 0 degrees is fully extended and 150 degrees is normal flexion. Positive flexion change indicates improvement in flexion. Negative extension indicates improvement in extension. (NCT02083861)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 6

,
InterventionDegrees (Mean)
Flexion ChangeExtension Change
Active Ultrasound Device-6.38-17.75
Placebo Ultrasound Device-2.22-5.56

[back to top]

Muscle Strength Change From Baseline in Treated Knee

Muscle strength in flexion, extension, and rotation were measured using JTECH muscle testing equipment. (NCT02083861)
Timeframe: Baseline to 6 Weeks

,
InterventionNewtons (Mean)
FlexionRotationExtension
Active Ultrasound Device1.343.211.91
Placebo Ultrasound Device1.010.681.60

[back to top]

Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Change From Baseline to Study Conclusion

The numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to assess change in pain from baseline to study conclusion. NRS range from 0-10 with 0 being no pain and 10 the worst pain possible. (NCT02083861)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 6

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Active Ultrasound Device-1.96
Placebo Ultrasound Device-0.85

[back to top] [back to top]

Percentage of Participants With at Least a 2-Grade Decrease From Baseline on Both Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) and Subject Satisfaction Assessment (SSA) Using 5-Point Scales

The investigator assessed the participant's overall severity of erythema in the treatment area by using the 5-point CEA scale with photonumeric guide where: 0=clear skin with no signs of erythema (best) to 4=severe erythema; fiery redness (worst). A decrease in the score indicates improvement. The participant assessed their overall severity of rosacea facial redness in the treatment area by using the 5-point SSA scale with photoguide where: 0=no signs of unwanted redness (best) to 4=severe redness (worst). A decrease in the score indicates improvement. The percentage of participants with at least a 2-grade decrease (improvement) on both CEA and SSA from Baseline was evaluated over the 6-hour evaluation period (hours 3 and 6) post-dose. (NCT02095158)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 1 Hours 3 and 6, Week 4 Predose and Hours 3 and 6, Week 12 Predose, Week 26 Predose and Hours 3 and 6, Week 39 Predose, Week 52 Predose and Hours 3 and 6, Week 54 Predose

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Day 1 (Hour 3)Day 1 (Hour 6)Week 4 (Predose)Week 4 (Hour 3)Week 4 (Hour 6)Week 12 (Predose)Week 26 (Predose)Week 26 (Hour 3)Week 26 (Hour 6)Week 39 (Predose)Week 52 (Predose)Week 52 (Hour 3)Week 52 (Hour 6)Week 54 (Predose)
Oxymetazoline HCL Cream 1.0%11.617.81.219.523.06.16.534.738.19.511.236.743.412.1

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants Satisfied or Very Satisfied on Item #9 of Satisfaction Assessment for Rosacea Facial Redness (SAT-RFR) at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29

"Participants assessed their treatment satisfaction by answering Item #9 of the SAT-RFR: Right now, how satisfied are you with the effect your study medication had on your facial redness? using a 5-point scale where 0= very dissatisfied, 1=dissatisfied, 2=neither satisfied or dissatisfied, 3=satisfied, or 4=very satisfied. The percentage of participants who answered Satisfied or Very Satisfied is reported." (NCT02132117)
Timeframe: Day 29 (Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Day 29 (Hour 3)Day 29 (Hour 6)Day 29 (Hour 9)Day 29 (Hour 12)
Oxymetazoline HCL Cream 1.0%54.349.349.847.5
Vehicle34.132.333.636.4

[back to top]

Percent Change From Baseline on Rosacea Facial Redness as Measured by Digital Imaging Analysis (DIA) at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29

DIA of photographs was used to assess rosacea facial redness and was defined as percentage of facial area occupied by redness. A higher value in the percentage of facial area occupied by facial redness indicated more redness. A negative/ lower number percent change from Baseline indicates improvement. (NCT02132117)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 29 (Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12)

,
Interventionpercent change in area of redness (Median)
Day 29 (Hour 3)Day 29 (Hour 6)Day 29 (Hour 9)Day 29 (Hour 12)
Oxymetazoline HCL Cream 1.0%-25.70-15.95-10.95-9.60
Vehicle0.002.255.151.00

[back to top]

Change From Baseline on the Symptom Assessment for Rosacea Facial Redness (SA-RFR) Item # 4 at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29

"Participants assessed the burning sensation associated with rosacea facial redness by answering Item #4 of the SA-RFR: Right now, how much does your face burn because of your facial redness? using a 5-point scale where 0=less severe to 4=severe. A negative change from Baseline indicates improvement." (NCT02132117)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 29 (Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Day 29 (Hour 3)Day 29 (Hour 6)Day 29 (Hour 9)Day 29 (Hour 12)
Oxymetazoline HCL Cream 1.0%-1.8-1.8-1.8-1.8
Vehicle-1.6-1.6-1.7-1.7

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants With at Least a 2-Grade Improvement (Decrease) From Baseline on Both Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) and Subject Self-Assessment for Rosacea Facial Redness (SSA) 5-point Scales

The investigator assessed the participant's overall severity of erythema in the treatment area by using the 5-point CEA scale with photonumeric guide where: 0=clear skin with no signs of erythema (best) to 4=severe erythema; fiery redness (worst). A decrease in the score indicates improvement. The participant assessed their overall severity of rosacea facial redness in the treatment area by using the 5-point SSA scale with photoguide where: 0=no signs of unwanted redness (best) to 4=severe redness (worst). A decrease in the score indicates improvement. The percentage of participants with at least a 2-grade decrease (improvement) on both CEA and SSA from Baseline was evaluated over the 12-hour evaluation period (hours 3, 6, 9, and 12) post-dose on Day 29. Baseline was defined as the measurement at pre-dose on Day 1. (NCT02132117)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 29 (Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Day 29 (Hour 3)Day 29 (Hour 6)Day 29 (Hour 9)Day 29 (Hour 12)
Oxymetazoline HCL Cream 1.0%14.313.415.512.3
Vehicle7.44.88.56.1

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants With at Least a 1-Grade Improvement (Decrease) From Baseline on SSA at Hour 1 on Day 1

The participant assessed their overall severity of rosacea facial redness in the treatment area by using the 5-point SSA scale with photoguide where: 0=no signs of unwanted redness (best) to 4=severe redness (worst). A decrease in the score indicates improvement. (NCT02132117)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 1 (Hour 1)

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Oxymetazoline HCL Cream 1.0%29.7
Vehicle16.8

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants With at Least a 2-Grade Improvement (Decrease) From Baseline on SSA at Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12 on Day 29

The participant assessed their overall severity of rosacea facial redness in the treatment area by using the 5-point SSA scale with photoguide where: 0=no signs of unwanted redness (best) to 4=severe redness (worst). A decrease in the score indicates improvement. The percentage of participants with at least a 2-grade decrease (improvement) on SSA from Baseline was evaluated over the 12-hour evaluation period (hours 3, 6, 9, and 12) post-dose on Day 29. (NCT02132117)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 29 (Hours 3, 6, 9 and 12)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Day 29 (Hour 3)Day 29 (Hour 6)Day 29 (Hour 9)Day 29 (Hour 12)
Oxymetazoline HCL Cream 1.0%24.124.822.023.7
Vehicle15.814.716.015.8

[back to top]

Acute Postoperative Pain

"Mean AUC Analysis of Postoperative pain as measured using the Alder Hey Triage Pain Score at 3, 6, 9, and 24 hours after surgery. The primary analysis of Alder Hey Triage Pain Score was similar to the primary analysis of the change in pupil diameter using AUC. The Alder Hey Triage Pain Score identifies five categories of observations: voice/cry, facial expression, posture, movement, and color. Each of these has a possible score of 0, 1, or 2, resulting in a total score ranging between 0 and 10. A total score of zero means the subject experienced no pain, as the 5 categories added up totals zero. A total score of 10 means the subject experienced a lot of pain and is the worst possible outcome, as the 5 categories added up totals 10.~Parent responses in a diary with a score of 0, 1, or 2.~Cry or voice, 0=no compliant/cry, 1=Consolable, 2=Inconsolable~Facial Expression, 0=Normal, 1=Short grimace <50% of time, 2=Long grimace >50% of time~Posture, 0=Normal, 1=Touching/rub" (NCT02132312)
Timeframe: 24 hours

Interventionscore*hours (Mean)
OMS3020.44
Phenylephrine HCl0.65

[back to top]

Safety as Measured by Treatment-emergent Adverse Events, the Number of Affected Patients/at Risk (%) and the Number of Events.

Safety as assessed by the incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events up until the last visit at Day 90. (NCT02132312)
Timeframe: 90 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
OMS30215
Phenylephrine HCl18

[back to top]

Intraoperative Pupil Diameter

Mean Area-under-the-Curve (AUC) Analysis of Change From Baseline in Pupil Diameter (mm/min) During Surgery Excluding Subjects with In-evaluable Videos. (NCT02132312)
Timeframe: From surgery baseline (pre-incision) through surgery end (time of cortical clean-up/wound closure), the mean time of surgery duration is 35.46 minutes with a standard deviation of 19.98.

Interventionmillimeters*minutes (Mean)
OMS3020.14
Phenylephrine HCl0.20

[back to top]

Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)

Patients applied the ultrasound device when trapezius muscle pain exceeds a score of 3 or higher by numeric rating scale (NRS). NRS range was 0-10 with 0 being no pain and 10 the worst pain possible. Device maybe be worn safely for 4 h per day for 7 days a week. Participants recorded NRS score daily (pre-treatment) and on days when the device was applied participants recorded pain 30 minutes into treatment, 2 hours into treatment and post-treatment (after 4 hours). The post-treatment score is used to find the week average and standard deviation. (NCT02135094)
Timeframe: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Week 1Week 2Week 3Week 4
Active Ultrasound Therapy Device5.603.543.092.98
Placebo Ultrasound Therapy Device5.444.583.923.86

[back to top]

Change in Pain Rated on Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) From Pre-treatment to 30 Minutes Into Treatment, 2 Hours Into Treatment, and Post-treatment (4 Hours Into Treatment)

The numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to assess pain before treatment, 30 minutes into treatment, 2 hours into treatment, and post-treatment. NRS range was from 0-10 with 0 being in no pain and 10 the worst pain possible. Change in pain was calculated by subtracting intra-treatment and post-treatment average scores from pre-treatment average score. (NCT02135094)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Week 4

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Pain score change after 30 minutesPain score change after 2 hoursPain score change after 4 hours
Active Ultrasound Therapy Device-0.416-1.36-2.16
Placebo Ultrasound Therapy Device-0.237-0.615-0.885

[back to top]

Comparison of Pain Level Using Global Rating of Change (GROC) Scale.

"Participants were asked to report how their body feels overall compared to the day before, on days when the ultrasound device (or placebo) were applied. The score was reported after the 4-hour treatment completion and rated on a 15-point global rating of change scale, with -7 being a very great deal worse than the day before, 0 being no change from the day before, and +7 being a very great deal better than the day before. The weekly average GROC and average GROC for the entire study (Overall) were assessed." (NCT02135094)
Timeframe: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Overall

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Week 1Week 2Week 3Week 4Overall
Active Ultrasound Therapy Device2.352.843.213.092.84
Placebo Ultrasound Therapy Device0.760.530.360.140.46

[back to top]

Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Change From Day 1 Pre-treatment.

The Day 1 pre-treatment score was used to find the change in pain each week, rated on the numeric rating scale (NRS). NRS was rated from 0-10 with 0 being in no pain and 10 the worst pain possible. Weekly averaged post-treatment scores were subtracted from Day 1 pre-treatment score. (NCT02135094)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, and Week 4

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Week 1 Change from Day 1Week 2 Change from Day 1Week 3 Change from Day 1Week 4 Change from Day 1
Active Ultrasound Therapy Device-2.05-2.34-2.51-2.61
Placebo Ultrasound Therapy Device-0.860-0.693-1.52-1.58

[back to top]

Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale Assessed Before, During, and After Treatment.

Participants recorded pain rated on the numeric rating scale (NRS) at 4 time points: before treatment, 30 minutes into treatment, 2 hours into treatment, and directly after treatment. NRS range was from 0-10 with 0 being no pain and 10 the worst pain possible. The average time point scores across the study is used to assess pain during treatment. (NCT02135094)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Week 4

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Before Treatment30 minutes into Treatment2 hours into TreatmentPost-treatment
Active Ultrasound Therapy Device5.404.994.043.24
Placebo Ultrasound Therapy Device5.224.984.614.34

[back to top]

Number of Patients With ST-segment Abnormalities on ECG

ST Elevation of 1 mm in 2 or more consecutive leads or Horizontal or downsloping ST depression of 1 mm in 2 or more consecutive leads (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine0
Norepinephrine0

[back to top]

Length of ICU Stay

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Mean)
Phenylephrine4.1
Norepinephrine5.2

[back to top]

Maximum Heart Rate

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionbeats/minute (Mean)
Phenylephrine96.7
Norepinephrine108.6

[back to top]

Mean Central Venous Oxygen Saturation

From chart review (if available) (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionmm/Hg (Mean)
Phenylephrine10.4
Norepinephrine11.7

[back to top]

Mean Central Venous Pressure

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionmm/Hg (Mean)
Phenylephrine10.4
Norepinephrine11.7

[back to top]

Mean Troponin-I

From chart review (if available) (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
Phenylephrine0.22
Norepinephrine0.38

[back to top]

Days Spent Out of the Hospital

Hospital free days (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine103
Norepinephrine98

[back to top]

Number of Days Hemodialysis Needed

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine1
Norepinephrine11

[back to top]

Number of Times an Anti-arrhythmic Agent is Used

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionevents (Number)
Phenylephrine2
Norepinephrine1

[back to top]

Number of Days Mechanical Ventilation Needed

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine3
Norepinephrine22

[back to top]

Number of Days Without Mechanical Ventilation

Mechanical ventilation-free days (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine165
Norepinephrine164

[back to top]

CK-MB

From chart review (if available) (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionng/mL (Mean)
Phenylephrine8.87
Norepinephrine5.07

[back to top]

Number of Direct Current (DC) Cardioversion Events

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionDC cardioversion events (Number)
Phenylephrine0
Norepinephrine0

[back to top]

Number of Participants Developing Peripheral Limb Ischemia

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine0
Norepinephrine0

[back to top]

Number of Participants Receiving Non-study Vasopressors

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine3
Norepinephrine3

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Cardiac Arrest Events

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine0
Norepinephrine0

[back to top]

Number of Participants Rehospitalized After Discharge

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine0
Norepinephrine0

[back to top]

Total Time in Arrhythmia

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

,
Interventionminutes (Number)
atrial fibrillationOther (undetermined) arrthymia
Norepinephrine2092332
Phenylephrine12240

[back to top]

Mean Blood Pressure (Maximum and Minimum)

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

,
Interventionmm/Hg (Mean)
minimummaximum
Norepinephrine53.879.5
Phenylephrine55.888.6

[back to top]

Location of Death

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
ICUNot recorded
Norepinephrine40
Phenylephrine01

[back to top]

Cause of Death

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
E. coli bacteremia, aspiration pnemoniaRespiratory failure,hospital aquired pneumoniaseptic shockHypoxemic respiratory failure
Norepinephrine1011
Phenylephrine0110

[back to top]

Number of Uses of Rate-controlling Agent

includes use of Diltiazem, Esmolol, Metoprolol, Propranolol, Verapamil (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionnumber of uses (Number)
Phenylephrine0
Norepinephrine0

[back to top]

Amount of Time Non-study Vasopressors Used

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

,
Interventionhours (Number)
PhenylephrineNorepinephrineVasopressinEpinephrine
Norepinephrine1302216
Phenylephrine0080

[back to top]

Use of Corticosteroid

number of days participants received a corticosteroid (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine1
Norepinephrine10

[back to top]

28-day Mortality

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine2
Norepinephrine3

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Arrhythmia Events

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Phenylephrine1
Norepinephrine2

[back to top]

Creatinine Kinase (CK)

From chart review (if available) (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionunits/L (Mean)
Phenylephrine738
Norepinephrine6986.6

[back to top]

Number of Days Without Vasopressor Use

Shock free days (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine154
Norepinephrine151

[back to top]

Days Without Dialysis

Dialysis-free days (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine168
Norepinephrine152

[back to top]

Hospital Days Not in ICU

ICU free days (NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Number)
Phenylephrine144
Norepinephrine139

[back to top]

Length of Hospital Stay

(NCT02203630)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Mean)
Phenylephrine10
Norepinephrine8.9

[back to top]

Change in Systolic Blood Pressure

Change from baseline in systolic blood pressure. (NCT02285634)
Timeframe: baseline, 30 minutes

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Oxymetazoline 0.05%7.5
Phenylephrine 0.25%8.2
Lidocaine 1% Plus Epinephrine 1:100,0003.5
Bacteriostatic 0.9% NaCL8.9

[back to top]

Change in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure

Change in mean arterial blood pressure from the baseline measurement (NCT02285634)
Timeframe: baseline, 30 minutes

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Oxymetazoline 0.05%5.1
Phenylephrine 0.25%6.4
Lidocaine 1% Plus Epinephrine 1:100,0004.6
Bacteriostatic 0.9% NaCL6.5

[back to top]

Change in Heart Rate

Change from baseline in heart rate. (NCT02285634)
Timeframe: baseline, 30 minutes

Interventionbeats/min (Mean)
Oxymetazoline 0.05%2.8
Phenylephrine 0.25%5.2
Lidocaine 1% Plus Epinephrine 1:100,0007.5
Bacteriostatic 0.9% NaCL6.8

[back to top]

Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure

Change from baseline in diastolic blood pressure. (NCT02285634)
Timeframe: baseline, 30 minutes

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Oxymetazoline 0.05%5.7
Phenylephrine 0.25%7.9
Lidocaine 1% Plus Epinephrine 1:100,0006.2
Bacteriostatic 0.9% NaCL9.3

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants Experiencing Both Nausea and Emesis

(NCT02354833)
Timeframe: At time of surgery, up to 2 hours

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Percentage of participants with NauseaPercentage of participants with Emesis
Norepinephrine51.216.3
Phenylephrine63.226.3

[back to top]

Median Total Rescue Bolus Dose of Ephedrine (mg) to Maintain SBP

(NCT02354833)
Timeframe: At time of surgery, up to 2 hours

Interventionmg (Median)
Phenylephrine0
Norepinephrine0

[back to top]

Median Total Rescue Bolus Dose of Phenylephrine (mcg) to Maintain SBP

(NCT02354833)
Timeframe: At time of surgery, up to 2 hours

Interventionmcg (Median)
Phenylephrine50
Norepinephrine100

[back to top]

Number of Rescue Boluses to Maintain SBP

Number of rescue boluses to maintain the SBP within 100-120% of baseline (NCT02354833)
Timeframe: At time of surgery, up to 2 hours

Interventionrescue boluses (Number)
Phenylephrine25
Norepinephrine21

[back to top]

National Eye Institute - Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ)

"The National Eye Institute has developed the validated Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ) to assess the effect of ocular conditions and vision on patient quality of life. The answers to the questionnaire are transformed into sub-scales, including: general health, general vision, ocular pain, near activities, distance activities, social functioning, mental health, role difficulties, dependency, driving, color vision, peripheral vision. Participants are assigned a numerical value for each sub-scale based on their answers between 0-100, where higher numbers indicate better visual function. These sub-scales are then combined according to National Eye Institute guidelines into an overall composite score for each participant. This overall composite score is also on a scale of 0-100, where higher numbers indicate better visual function.~Composite score based on National Eye Institute guidelines." (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: Baseline, 12 months

,
InterventionComposite scores on a scale (Mean)
Baseline12 Months
DMEK72.387.3
UT-DSAEK72.585.9

[back to top]

Interface Haze

As measured by Pentacam densitometry (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 3, 6, 12 months

,
Interventioneyes (Number)
Mild Interface Haze at 3 monthsModerate Interface Haze at 3 monthsSevere Interface Haze at 3 monthsMild Interface Haze at 6 monthsoderate Interface Haze at 6 monthsSevere Interface Haze at 6 monthsMild Interface Haze at 12 monthsoderate Interface Haze at 12 monthsSevere Interface Haze at 12 months
DMEK100100000
UT-DSAEK200210000

[back to top]

Interface Haze

As measured by Pentacam densitometry (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 24 months

,
Interventioneyes (Number)
Mild Interface Haze at 24 monthsModerate Interface Haze at 24 monthsSevere Interface Haze at 24 months
DMEK000
UT-DSAEK010

[back to top]

Graft Failure/Graft Rejection

(NCT02373137)
Timeframe: Baseline 12 months

,
Interventioneyes (Count of Units)
Graft RejectionGraft Failure
DMEK01
UT-DSAEK01

[back to top]

Graft Thickness

As measured by Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Pachymetry (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 3, 6, 12, 24 months

,
Interventionroot mean square in micrometers (Mean)
3 months6 months12 months24 months
DMEK516.5519.67521.36526.88
UT-DSAEK589.36592.24585.96593.67

[back to top]

Endothelial Cell Count

(NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 3, 6, 12 months

,
Interventioncells/mm^2 (Mean)
3 Months6 Months12 Months
DMEK203719631855
UT-DSAEK211421132070

[back to top]

Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations

Corneal anterior and posterior surface higher-order aberrations (HOA) were measured with Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam) before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively. Zernike orders 3-8 were calculated at 4.0- and 6.0-mm-diameter optical zones. The results reported here represent total HOA (Sum of Zernike orders 3-8). Note a single observation was not available for one eye in the DMEK group at 6 months, this was analyzed with last observation carried forward. (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 3, 6, 12 months

,
Interventionroot mean square in micrometers (Mean)
3 Months Anterior Cornea 4.0-mm3 Months Posterior Cornea 4.0-mm3 Months Anterior Cornea 6.0-mm3 Months Posterior Cornea 6.0-mm6 Months Anterior Cornea 4.0-mm6 Months Posterior Cornea 4.0-mm6 Months Anterior Cornea 6.0-mm6 Months Posterior Cornea 6.0-mm12 Months Anterior Cornea 4.0-mm12 Months Posterior Cornea 4.0-mm12 Months Anterior Cornea 6.0-mm12 Months Posterior Cornea 6.0-mm
DMEK0.2880.1160.8290.3460.2430.0950.7240.2880.2410.0980.7230.284
UT-DSAEK0.2740.2170.8970.6210.2300.1790.7390.5050.2280.1590.7250.459

[back to top]

Best Spectacle-Corrected Visual Acuity

The BSCVA was recorded at 4 meters by a masked refractionist certified for the study using a protocol adapted from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts: chart R(2110), chart 1(2111), and chart 2(2112) (Precision Vision, Woodstock, IL). (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 3 and 12 months

,
InterventionlogMAR (Mean)
3 Months12 Months
DMEK0.110.04
UT-DSAEK0.240.16

[back to top]

Adverse Events/Complication Rates

composite measure (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 3, 6, 12, 24 months

,
Interventionnew adverse events reported (Number)
Adverse Events at 3 monthsAdverse Events at 6 monthsAdverse Events at 12 monthsAdverse Events at 24 months
DMEK6540
UT-DSAEK4410

[back to top]

Endothelial Cell Count

(NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 24 months

Interventioncells/mm^2 (Mean)
UT-DSAEK1626
DMEK1400

[back to top]

Best Spectacle-Corrected Visual Acuity

The BSCVA was recorded at 4 meters by a masked refractionist certified for the study using a protocol adapted from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts: chart R(2110), chart 1(2111), and chart 2(2112) (Precision Vision, Woodstock, IL). (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionlogMAR (Mean)
UT-DSAEK0.22
DMEK0.05

[back to top]

Best Spectacle-Corrected Visual Acuity

The BSCVA was recorded at 4 meters by a masked refractionist certified for the study using a protocol adapted from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts: chart R(2110), chart 1(2111), and chart 2(2112) (Precision Vision, Woodstock, IL). (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 24 Months

InterventionLogMar (Mean)
UT-DSAEK0.15
DMEK0.09

[back to top]

Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations

As measured by Pentacam (NCT02373137)
Timeframe: 24 months

,
Interventionroot mean square in micrometers (Mean)
24 Months Anterior Cornea 4.0-mm24 Months Posterior Cornea 4.0-mm24 Months Anterior Cornea 6.0-mm24 Months Posterior Cornea 6.0-mm
DMEK0.2110.0860.6790.260
DSAEK0.2150.1550.7070.450

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in Marginal Reflex Distance (MRD) in the Study Eye

MRD is the distance from the center pupillary light reflex to the central margin of the upper eyelid. The MRD is measured from an external photograph. (NCT02436759)
Timeframe: Baseline Day 1 (Hour 0) and Day 1, Day 14, and Day 42

,
InterventionMillimeters (mm) (Mean)
Primary Efficacy - Day 1, Hour 6Primary Efficacy - Day 14, Hour 2Post Dose - Day 1, Hour 2Post Dose - Day 1, Hour 8Post Dose - Day 14, Hour 6Post Dose - Day 14, Hour 8Post Dose - Day 42
RVL-12010.941.090.990.931.030.881.25
Vehicle Ophthalmic Solution0.670.580.500.700.700.680.79

[back to top]

Mean Change in Number of Points Seen on the Leicester Peripheral Field Test (LPFT) in RVL-1201 Group vs. Vehicle Group

LPFT Total Score is the number of points seen in the top 4 rows on the LPFT. Possible scores range from 0 (no points seen) to 35 (all points seen). (NCT02436759)
Timeframe: Mean change from Baseline (Day 1, Hour 0) compared with Day 1, Hour 6 and Day 14, Hour 2

,
InterventionPoints seen (Mean)
Mean LPFT-Day 1 Hour 6Mean LPFT-Day 14 Hour 2
RVL-12015.26.4
Vehicle Ophthalmic Solution1.52.2

[back to top]

Amount of Bleeding

A four point scale (none, minimal, moderate/diffuse ooze, severe/brisk) completed by the surgeon after removal of the oxymetazoline soaked pledgets. (NCT02453841)
Timeframe: intraoperative

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
NoneMinimalModerate
Children Undergoing ENT Surgery11115

[back to top]

Blood Pressure Following Oxymetazoline Administration

Blood pressure was recorded at 5 minute intervals until discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) or the final blood draw (150 mins. after administration), whichever came first. (NCT02453841)
Timeframe: 5 - 150 mins. after administration

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Systolic blood pressureDiastolic blood pressureMean arterial pressure
Children Undergoing ENT Surgery1025365

[back to top]

Ease of Hemostasis

A six point scale (very easy, easy, usual, some effort, difficult, extremely difficult) completed by the surgeon at the end of surgery. (NCT02453841)
Timeframe: intraoperative

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Very EasyEasyUsual
Children Undergoing ENT Surgery1098

[back to top]

Heart Rate Following Oxymetazoline Administration.

Heart rate was recorded at 5 minute intervals until discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) or the final blood draw (150 mins. after administration), whichever came first. (NCT02453841)
Timeframe: 5 - 150 mins. after administration

Interventionbeats per minute (Mean)
Children Undergoing ENT Surgery98

[back to top]

Patients Requiring Fluid Bolus for Management

Number of patients who received fluid boluses in the first 24 hours post-op (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: 1 day

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Goal Directed Therapy7
Control Group6

[back to top]

Area Under Curve of MAP Below 65

Hypotension as measured by area under the curve of MAP less than 65. (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: 1 Day

InterventionmmHG x minutes (Mean)
Goal Directed Therapy-65.06
Control Group-61.88

[back to top]

Creatinine Change

Change in creatinine in the 72 hour post-op period (mg/dL) (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: Baseline and 72 hours

Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
Goal Directed Therapy-0.04
Control Group-0.13

[back to top]

Fluid Balance Measured by Inputs and Outputs (I/Os) of All Measurable Fluid in Peri-operative Period

Fluid balance measured by I/Os of all fluid in the peri-op period during the first 12 hours after the subject's surgery. (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: Baseline and 12 Hours

Interventionml/kg (Mean)
Goal Directed TherapyNA
Control GroupNA

[back to top]

Number of ICU Stays Greater Than 1.5 Days

the sum of ICU stays greater than the 1.5 Days eligibility for discharge from hospital according to the surgeon, over the course of 20 Days (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: 20 Days

InterventionNumber of ICU Stays greater that 1.5 Day (Number)
Goal Directed Therapy13
Control Group20

[back to top]

Number of Patients Treated for Hypotension With Phenylephrine Drip

The number of patients on a phenylephrine drip within 24 hours post-op. (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: 1 day

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Goal Directed Therapy0
Control Group4

[back to top]

Organ Oxygenation as Measured by Arterial Blood Gas Values

Patient's organ oxygenation as measured by base deficit mEq/L, during the first 24 hours after surgery. (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: Baseline and 1 day

InterventionmEq/L (Mean)
Goal Directed Therapy3.55
Control Group4.75

[back to top]

Organ Oxygenation as Measured by Serum Lactate

Serum lactate levels, as measured in mmol/L, in patients during the first 24 hours after surgery. (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: Baseline and 24 Hours

Interventionmmol/L (Mean)
Goal Directed Therapy2.0
Control Group1.75

[back to top]

Pulmonary Status as Measured by the Number of Participants Who Require Supplemental Oxygen

We looked at the number of patients who required supplemental oxygen within the first 24 hours after surgery. (NCT02701582)
Timeframe: 1 day

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Goal Directed Therapy17
Control Group25

[back to top]

PD: Time to Maximum Concentration (Tmax) of Baseline-Adjusted Glucose

(NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Pre-dose; 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hours after glucagon administration

InterventionMillimoles per liter (mmol/L) (Median)
NG - Common Cold0.5
NG - Symptom-Free0.6
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline0.7

[back to top]

PK: Time to Maximum Concentration (Tmax) of Baseline Adjusted Glucagon

(NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Pre-dose; 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hours after glucagon administration

InterventionHour (hr) (Median)
NG - Common Cold0.3
NG - Symptom-Free0.3
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline0.3

[back to top]

PK: Maximum Change From Baseline Concentration (Cmax) of Glucagon

(NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Pre-dose; 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hours after glucagon administration

Interventionpicograms per millilitre (pg/mL) (Mean)
NG - Common Cold1145.4
NG - Symptom-Free745.6
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline811.5

[back to top]

PK: Area Under the Curve Extrapolated to Infinity (AUC[0-inf]) of Baseline Adjusted Glucagon

(NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Pre-dose; 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hours after glucagon administration

Interventionpg*hr/mL (Mean)
NG - Common Cold1108.9
NG - Symptom-Free669.3
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline1064.3

[back to top]

Pharmacokinetics (PK): Area Under the Concentration Versus Time Curve From Time Zero to T (AUC[0-tlast]) of Baseline Adjusted Glucagon

(NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Pre-dose; 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hours after glucagon administration

Interventionpicogram*hour per millilitre (pg*hr/mL) (Mean)
NG - Common Cold1039.7
NG - Symptom-Free631.8
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline868.4

[back to top]

Pharmacodynamics (PD): Area Under the Effect Concentration Time Curve (AUEC0-3) of Baseline-Adjusted Glucose From Time Zero up to 3 Hours

(NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Pre-dose; 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hours after glucagon administration

InterventionHour*millimoles per liter(hr*mmol/L) (Mean)
NG - Common Cold4.3
NG - Symptom-Free3.8
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline4.2

[back to top]

PD: Baseline-Adjusted Glucose Maximum Concentration (BGmax) of Baseline-Adjusted Glucose

(NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Pre-dose; 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hours after glucagon administration

InterventionMillimoles per liter (mmol/L) (Mean)
NG - Common Cold2.9
NG - Symptom-Free2.7
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline3.4

[back to top]

Number of Participants With One or More Serious Adverse Event(s) (SAEs)

"Safety and tolerability evaluated through the assessment of adverse events.~A SAE (serious adverse event) was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered the investigational product and which did not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment.~A summary of other non-serious AEs, and all SAE's, regardless of causality, is located in the Reported Adverse Events section." (NCT02778100)
Timeframe: Baseline up to Study Completion (Day 30)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
NG - Common Cold0
NG - Symptom-Free0
NG - Common Cold+Oxymetazoline0

[back to top]

Maximum Intraoperative Change in Pupil Diameter

This is the maximum observed change in pupil diameter, as measured compared to baseline. (NCT02895035)
Timeframe: During cataract surgery, with maximum end time of 20 minutes

Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Epinephrine-0.71
Omidria-0.66

[back to top]

Mean Area Under the Curve Change From Baseline in Pupil Diameter Over Time to the End of Cataract Surgery

Mean area under the curve was calculated by assessing the pupil diameter at baseline and then again at 1 minute intervals until the surgery was complete (max 20 minutes). Units are in millimeters*seconds (NCT02895035)
Timeframe: During cataract surgery, with maximum end time of 20 minutes

Interventionmillimeters * seconds (Mean)
Epinephrine1.76
Omidria0.8

[back to top]

Number of Eyes With Pupil Diameter Less Than 6 mm at Any Time During Surgery

Number of eyes with a measured pupil diameter less than 6 mm at any time during surgery (NCT02895035)
Timeframe: During cataract surgery, with maximum end time of 20 minutes

InterventionEyes (Count of Units)
Epinephrine3
Omidria2

[back to top]

Number of Eyes With Pupil Diameter Less Than 6 mm During Cortical Clean-up

Number of eyes with a measured pupil diameter less than 6 mm during cortical clean-up (NCT02895035)
Timeframe: During cataract surgery, cortical clean-up stage, up to 5 mins

InterventionEyes (Count of Units)
Epinephrine3
Omidria2

[back to top]

Pupil Size Immediately Prior to Capsulorrhexis

Pupil size immediately prior to the capsulorrhexis step of cataract surgery. This will be recorded by digital photography and measured by a researcher who is masked to the intervention. (NCT02909140)
Timeframe: Immediately prior to the capsulorrhexis step of cataract surgery

Interventionmm (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis8

[back to top]

Percentage of Patients in Each Arm That Required Use of an Iris Expansion Device During the Procedure

(NCT02909140)
Timeframe: intraoperative

Interventionpercent (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis50

[back to top]

Pupil Size (mm) Immediately After Nuclear Disassembly

Pupil size immediately after breaking up of cataractous lens (NCT02909140)
Timeframe: Immediately after nuclear disassembly step of cataract surgery

Interventionmm (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis8

[back to top]

Pupil Size Immediately Prior to Intraocular Lens (IOL) Insertion

Pupil size after insertion of IOL lens (NCT02909140)
Timeframe: Immediately prior to IOL insertion step of cataract surgery

Interventionmm (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis8

[back to top]

Pupil Size Upon Completion of Surgery

(NCT02909140)
Timeframe: intraoperative

Interventionmm (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis7

[back to top]

Cumulative Energy Dispersed for Each Arm

The amount of energy needed to break up the cataractous lens (NCT02909140)
Timeframe: During cataract surgery

InterventionPercent-seconds (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis6.6

[back to top]

Mean Time Taken to Perform Phacoemulsification

(NCT02909140)
Timeframe: During cataract surgery

Interventionseconds (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis76

[back to top]

Mean Time Taken to Perform Phacoemulsification in Each Arm

(NCT02909140)
Timeframe: intraoperative

Interventionseconds (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis76

[back to top]

Percentage of Patients in Each Arm That Required Another Mydriatic Agent

(NCT02909140)
Timeframe: intraoperative

Interventionpercent of participants (Number)
Intracameral Mydriasis0

[back to top]

Change in Intraocular Pressure (IOP)

Intraocular pressure will be measured in mmHg after topical anesthesia by using the pneumatonometer. There will be a minimum of three IOP measurements and a mean will be accepted as IOP. (NCT02965924)
Timeframe: baseline, 60 minutes

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Phenylephrine15.0

[back to top]

Change in Episcleral Venous Pressure (EVP)

EVP will be measured non-invasively using a custom-modified slit-lamp mounted venomanometer. This device utilizes the pressure chamber technique, in which a clear flexible balloon is placed against the conjunctival surface of the eye, and the pressure is increased until an episcleral vein is noted to blanch. The system for pressure-chamber based venomanometry includes a computer-controlled motor drive to increase pressure automatically, a transducer to record pressure, and a high-definition video camera to record vein collapse. Pressure measurements are synchronized with the video stream and image analysis software is used to determine the pressure required to collapse the vein to a specific pre-determined degree as measured in mmHg. (NCT02965924)
Timeframe: baseline, 60 minutes

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Phenylephrine7.2

[back to top]

Surgical Field Visualization During Sinus Surgery as Indicated by Score on Boezaart Grading Scale

The minimum Boezaart Grading Scale score of 0 indicates no bleeding (cadaveric conditions), and the maximum score of 5 indicates severe bleeding (constant suctioning required). (NCT03228914)
Timeframe: during surgery approximately 2-3 hours

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Oxymetazoline3
Epinephrine2.55

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score at 24 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-24 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo2.78
PE-IR2.61
PE-ER2.52

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score at 8 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-8 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo2.00
PE-IR2.22
PE-ER1.99

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score at 10 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-10 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo2.14
PE-IR2.45
PE-ER2.18

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score at 6 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-6 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.58
PE-IR1.97
PE-ER1.86

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score at 4 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-4 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.69
PE-IR1.82
PE-ER1.71

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score at 2 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-2 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.12
PE-IR1.24
PE-ER1.52

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score at 12 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-12 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo2.28
PE-IR2.50
PE-ER2.31

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores at 8 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-8 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.69
PE-IR1.95
PE-ER1.82

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores at 6 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-6 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.62
PE-IR1.69
PE-ER1.75

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores at 4 hours. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-4 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.54
PE-IR1.43
PE-ER1.48

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores at 24 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-24 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo2.61
PE-IR2.39
PE-ER2.23

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores at 2 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-2 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.10
PE-IR1.03
PE-ER1.30

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores at 12 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-12 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo2.15
PE-IR2.32
PE-ER2.15

[back to top]

Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores at 10 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-10 hours

Interventionunits on scale (Mean)
Placebo1.91
PE-IR2.23
PE-ER1.96

[back to top]

Average Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Average change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score averaged over hours 8-12. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-12 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo2.14
PE-IR2.39
PE-ER2.16

[back to top]

Average Change From Baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores

Change from baseline in Sinus Pressure/Tenderness Scores averaged over assessments at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours. This is an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-12 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.67
PE-IR1.78
PE-ER1.74

[back to top]

Mean Change From Baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score

Average change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score on an 8 point scale with 0=None and 7=Severe. Change from baseline in the Nasal Congestion Severity Score averaged over assessments at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours. (NCT03339726)
Timeframe: 0-12 hours

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Placebo1.80
PE-IR2.03
PE-ER1.93

[back to top]

Responder

Responder is defined as a 2-grade improvement from pre-dose on Day 1 on both the Clinician Erythema Assessment and Patient Self Assessment scales (NCT03352323)
Timeframe: Day 15

Interventionpercentage of responders (Number)
Oxymetazoline Cream16.7

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants With at Least a 1-Grade Improvement From Baseline in the Clinical Erythema Assessment Scale at Any Time-point

The investigator will assess erythema in the treatment area using a 5-point scale. (Grade 0= Clear Skin with no signs of erythema, Grade 1=Almost clear of erythema, slight redness, Grade 2=Mild erythema, definite redness, Grade 3= Moderate erythema, marked redness, Grade 4=Severe erythema, fiery redness). The percentage of participants with at least a 1-point improvement (decrease) in the score compared to Baseline at any time-point will be reported. (NCT03380390)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 1) to Day 56

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 1 -1 hour post doseDay 3-Pre DoseDay 3-1 hour post doseDay 3-3 hour post doseDay 3-6 hour post doseDay 3 -post dose any hourDay 29 Pre DoseDay 29-1 hour post doseDay 31 Pre DoseDay 31 -1 hour post doseDay 31-3 hour post doseDay 31-6 hour post doseDay 31 -any hour post doseDay 56 -Pre DoseDay 56-1 hour post doseDay 56-3 hour post doseDay 56 -6 hour post doseDay 56 -any hour post dose
Oxymetazoline + Energy-Based Therapy82137423743181426383938423030403940

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events (AE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE)

An AE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant administered a medicinal product that does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal (investigational) product, whether or not it is related to the medicinal (investigational) product. An SAE is any untoward medical occurrence or effect that, at any dose: Results in death, Is life-threatening, Requires or prolongs inpatient hospitalization, Results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity or Results in a congenital anomaly/birth defect. (NCT03380390)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 1) to Day 56

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
TEAESTreatment Emergent Serious Adverse Events
Oxymetazoline + Energy-Based Therapy50

[back to top]

Percentage of Participants With at Least a 1-Grade Worsening From Baseline in the Clinician's Telangiectasia Assessment (CTA) at Any Time-point

The investigator will assess the overall severity of telangiectasia (spider veins) on the participant's facing using a 5-point scale where 0=Clear skin with no signs of telangiectasia to 4=Severe, with the presence of many visible telangiectasia. The percentage of participants with at least a 1-point worsening (increase) in the score compared to Baseline at any time-point will be reported. (NCT03380390)
Timeframe: Baseline (Day 1) to Day 56

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Oxymetazoline + Energy-Based Therapy3

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 120 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 120 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 120 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 120 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A54.49
Treatment Group B32.15

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 15 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 15 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 15 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 15 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A19.38
Treatment Group B16.96

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 180 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 180 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 180 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 180 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A56.69
Treatment Group B32.61

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 240 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 240 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 240 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 240 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A56.80
Treatment Group B32.61

[back to top]

Mean Time for Gastric Emptying by Measuring 25 Percent Values

Mean time to gastric emptying by 25 percent (GE25%) was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA). Data images were analyzed in a time-lapse format and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. ROI included the stomach, proximal small intestine, distal small intestine and colon. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionminutes (Mean)
Treatment Group A12.614
Treatment Group B12.171

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 45 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 45 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 45 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 45 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A38.36
Treatment Group B28.19

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 60 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 60 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 60 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 60 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A43.69
Treatment Group B29.60

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 75 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 75 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 75 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 75 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A48.71
Treatment Group B30.61

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 90 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 90 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 90 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 90 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A51.32
Treatment Group B31.29

[back to top]

Gastric Emptying Half-Life

Gastric emptying half-life was defined as the time required by the stomach to empty 50% of the ingested meal and was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA). Data images were analyzed in a time-lapse format and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionminutes (Median)
Treatment Group A25.00
Treatment Group B5.00

[back to top]

Mean Time for Gastric Emptying by Measuring 50 Percent Values

Mean time to gastric emptying by 50 percent (GE50%) was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA). Data images were analyzed in a time-lapse format and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. ROI included the stomach, proximal small intestine, distal small intestine and colon. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionminutes (Mean)
Treatment Group A22.643
Treatment Group B16.134

[back to top]

Mean Time for Gastric Emptying by Measuring 90 Percent Values

Mean time to gastric emptying by 90 percent (GE90%) was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA). Data images were analyzed in a time-lapse format and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. ROI included the stomach, proximal small intestine, distal small intestine and colon. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionminutes (Mean)
Treatment Group A84.929
Treatment Group B36.214

[back to top]

Small Intestine Transit Time

Small intestinal transit time was calculated by determining the arrival time of the radiolabeled investigational drug formulation at the cecum or colon region from scintigraphic imaging and subtracting the gastric emptying value. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionminutes (Median)
Treatment Group A184.0
Treatment Group B139.5

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 90 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 90 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 90 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A8.84
Treatment Group B2.45

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 60 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 60 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 60 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A20.07
Treatment Group B4.26

[back to top]

Mean Time to Complete Gastric Emptying

Mean time to complete gastric emptying in participants who did not vomit shortly (within 60 minutes) after study drug administration was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m-DTPA). Data images were analyzed in a time-lapse format and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. ROI included the stomach, proximal small intestine, distal small intestine and colon. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionminutes (Mean)
Treatment Group A121.2
Treatment Group B65.3

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 75 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 75 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 75 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A14.73
Treatment Group B3.28

[back to top]

Total Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve

Total area under the gastric emptying curve was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA). Data images were analyzed in a time-lapse format and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A56.80
Treatment Group B32.61

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 45 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 45 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 45 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A24.79
Treatment Group B7.21

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 30 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 30 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 30 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 30 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A31.16
Treatment Group B25.11

[back to top]

Area Under the Gastric Emptying Curve From Time 0 to 105 Minutes

Area under the gastric emptying curve from time 0 to 105 was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 105 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 105 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage dose*hour (Mean)
Treatment Group A53.16
Treatment Group B31.81

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 15 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 15 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 15 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A67.00
Treatment Group B49.77

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 30 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 30 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 30 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A33.24
Treatment Group B20.87

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 240 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 240 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 240 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A0.00
Treatment Group B0.00

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 180 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 180 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 180 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A0.64
Treatment Group B0.00

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 120 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 120 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 120 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A4.34
Treatment Group B0.99

[back to top]

Percentage of Radiolabeled Drug Remaining in the Stomach After 105 Minutes of Administration

Percentage of radiolabeled drug remaining in the stomach was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 mcCi isotope-technetium-99m DTPA) and after 105 minutes of drug ingestion. Data images were analyzed and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: 105 minutes post dose on Day 1

Interventionpercentage of radiolabeled drug (Mean)
Treatment Group A6.06
Treatment Group B1.72

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Change in Laboratory Test Values

Haematological, biochemistry, urinalysis and virological parameters were analyzed. Clinical significance was judged by the investigator based upon the out of range values of standard range set for each parameter. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: From baseline up to Day 1

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Treatment Group A0
Treatment Group B0

[back to top]

Mean Time to Onset of Gastric Emptying

Mean time to onset of gastric emptying in participants who did not vomit shortly (within 60 minutes) after study drug administration was evaluated by scintigraphic imaging, performed immediately after ingestion of the investigational drug formulation (radiolabeled with not more than 108 microcurie [mcCi] isotope-technetium-99m-diethylene-triamine-pentaacetate [DTPA]). Data images were analyzed in a time-lapse format and corrected for radioactive decay and background radiation. Regions of interest (ROI) included the stomach, proximal small intestine, distal small intestine and colon. (NCT03415243)
Timeframe: Predose until 10 hours post dose on Day 1

Interventionminutes (Mean)
Treatment Group A1.107
Treatment Group B8.534

[back to top]

Proportion of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 6.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication

The percent of eyes with pupil diameter 6.0 mm or larger as measured using pupillometry in highly photopic conditions. As this is a cross-over study, each of the 69 participants received each medication. Data is reported separately for the right and left eyes of the 69 participants. A higher percentage indicates a better outcome. (NCT03751098)
Timeframe: 35 minutes after initial dose

Interventionpercentage of eyes (Number)
TR/PE - Right Eye92.8
TR/PE - Left Eye94.2
Placebo - Right Eye0
Placebo - Left Eye0

[back to top]

Change in Pupil Diameter From Baseline

"Difference in 35-minute pupil diameter vs. baseline measured using pupillometry in highly photopic conditions.~Pupil diameter is reported in millimeters. For the change in pupil diameter, larger measurements indicate a better outcome." (NCT03751098)
Timeframe: 35 minutes after initial dose

,,,
Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Change in 35-minute pupil diameterBaseline pupil diameter35-minutes pupil diameter
Placebo - Left Eye0.0322.5592.590
Placebo - Right Eye0.1342.6322.766
TR/PE - Left Eye4.7792.5247.304
TR/PE - Right Eye4.7472.5977.344

[back to top]

Proportion of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 7.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication

The percent of eyes with pupil diameter 7.0 mm or larger as measured using pupillometry in highly photopic conditions. As this is a cross-over study, each of the 69 participants received each solution. Data is reported separately for the right and left eyes of the 69 participants. A higher percentage indicates a better outcome. (NCT03751098)
Timeframe: 35 minutes after initial dose

Interventionpercentage of eyes (Number)
TR/PE - Right Eye69.6
TR/PE - Left Eye68.1
Placebo - Right Eye0
Placebo - Left Eye0

[back to top]

Percentage of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 7.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication

The percent of eyes with pupil diameter 7.0 mm or larger as measured using pupillometry in highly photopic conditions. As this is a cross-over study, each of the 62 participants received each medication. Data is reported separately for the right and left eyes of the 62 participants. A higher percentage indicates a better outcome. (NCT03751631)
Timeframe: 35 minutes after initial dose

Interventionpercentage of eyes (Number)
TR/PE - Right Eye67.7
TR/PE - Left Eye67.7
TR - Right Eye43.5
TR - Left Eye41.9
PE - Right Eye0
PE - Left Eye0

[back to top]

Percentage of Eyes Achieving Pupil Diameter 6.0 mm or Larger After Receipt of Each Medication

The percent of eyes with pupil diameter 6.0 mm or larger as measured using pupillometry in highly photopic conditions. As this is a cross-over study, each of the 62 participants received each medication. Data is reported separately for the right and left eyes of the 62 participants. A higher percentage indicates a better outcome. (NCT03751631)
Timeframe: 35 minutes after initial dose

Interventionpercentage of eyes (Number)
TR/PE - Right Eye95.2
TR/PE - Left Eye93.5
TR - Right Eye79.0
TR - Left Eye77.4
PE - Right Eye1.6
PE - Left Eye1.6

[back to top]

Change in Pupil Diameter From Baseline

"Difference in 35-minute pupil diameter vs. baseline measured using pupillometry in highly photopic conditions.~Pupil diameter is reported in millimeters. For the change in pupil diameter, larger measurements indicate a better outcome." (NCT03751631)
Timeframe: 35 minutes after initial dose

,,,,,
Interventionmillimeters (Mean)
Baseline pupil diameter35-minute pupil diameterChange in 35-minute pupil diameter
PE - Left Eye2.5843.5520.969
PE - Right Eye2.6513.3880.737
TR - Left Eye2.5696.6904.121
TR - Right Eye2.6576.7624.105
TR/PE - Left Eye2.5837.3294.746
TR/PE - Right Eye2.6727.3014.629

[back to top]

Mean Investigator Assessment of Global Aesthetic Improvement (GAI) Grades At the 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline

Investigator measurement of Global Aesthetic Improvement (GAI) with treatment. GAI is graded according to 5-point scale (0=Excellent improvement to 4=No change). A higher score indicates a worse outcome. The outcomes presented here are the mean GAI calculated for each visit. (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-month post-baseline

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Mean GAI Grade at 1-Months Post-Baseline VisitMean GAI Grade at 2-Months Post-Baseline VisitMean GAI Grade at 3-Months Post-Baseline VisitMean GAI Grade at 6-Months Post-Baseline Visit
Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream2.71.42.52.5
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream2.52.31.71.2

[back to top]

Clinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) At the 1- ,2- and 3-Month Post-Baseline Visits

Clinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) scores at the 1- ,2- and 3-month post-baseline visits were assessed for each patient by the investigator. CEA scores were graded according to 5-point scale (0=Clear to 4=Severe). A higher score indicates worse outcome. The outcomes presented here are the mean CEA calculated for each visit. (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 1- ,2- and 3-Month Post-Baseline Visits

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Clinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) At 1-Month Post-BaselineClinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) At 2-Month Post-BaselineClinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) At 3-Month Post-Baseline
Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream2.62.02.3
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream2.62.52.0

[back to top]

Clinical Erythema Assessment (CEA) Score At 6-Month Post-Baseline

CEA was graded by the investigator according to 5-point scale (0=Clear to 4=Severe) for each patient at the 6-month post-baseline visits. A higher score indicates worse outcome. The outcomes presented here are the mean CEA calculated for the 6-month post-baseline visit of each arm. (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 6-month post-baseline

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream1.6
Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream2.4

[back to top]

Measurement of The Percentage of Subjects Reporting Satisfaction At the 6-Month Post-Baseline Visit

Subject satisfaction is graded according to 5-point scale (0=Very Satisfied to 4=Very Dissatisfied). Lower score indicates higher satisfaction. A score of 0 or 1 indicates satisfaction with treatment outcome. The measurements reflect the percentage of subjects that were satisfied (graded 0 or 1) at the 6-month post-baseline visit (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 6-month post-baseline

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream12
Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream7

[back to top]

Measurement of Pain Associated With PDL Treatment

A standard 10-centimeter visual analog scale from 0=No pain to 10=worst pain was used by subjects to report pain level associated with PDL treatment. A higher score indicates greater pain/discomfort with treatment. Mean of all pain associated scores obtained for all PDL treatments was calculated. (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 1-, 2- and 3-month post-baseline

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream4.5

[back to top]

Measurement of Improvement in Vessel Size At the 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline Visits

Investigator assessment of improvement in vessel size with treatment. Improvement in vessel size is graded according to 4-point scale (0=76-100% improvement (excellent) to 4=No response). A higher score indicates a worse outcome. Mean score was calculated for each visit. (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-month post-baseline

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Mean Vessel Size Improvement Grade at 1-Month Post-Baseline VisitMean Vessel Size Improvement Grade at 2-Month Post-Baseline VisitMean Vessel Size Improvement Grade at 3-Month Post-Baseline VisitMean Vessel Size Improvement Grade at 6-Month Post-Baseline Visit
Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream3.22.73.13.1
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream3.42.41.81.6

[back to top]

Subject Self-Assessment (SSA) At the 1- ,2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline Visits

Subject Self-Assessment (SSA) at the 1- ,2-, 3- and 6-month post-baseline visits were graded according to 5-point scale (0=Clear of unwanted redness to 4=Completely unacceptable redness) at each visit. A higher score indicates worse outcome. (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-months post-baseline

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Subject Self-Assessment (SSA) At the 1-Month Post BaselineSubject Self-Assessment (SSA) At the 2-Month Post BaselineSubject Self-Assessment (SSA) At the 3-Month Post BaselineSubject Self-Assessment (SSA) At the 6-Month Post Baseline
Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream3.02.32.32.2
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream3.32.72.11.4

[back to top]

Mean Subject Assessment of Global Aesthetic Improvement (GAI) Grades At the 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-Month Post-Baseline

Subject measurement of Global Aesthetic Improvement (GAI) with treatment. GAI is graded according to 5-point scale (0=Excellent improvement to 4=No change). A higher score indicates a worse outcome. The outcomes presented here are the mean GAI calculated for each visit. (NCT04153188)
Timeframe: 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-month post-baseline

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Mean GAI Grade at 1-Months Post-Baseline VisitMean GAI Grade at 2-Months Post-Baseline VisitMean GAI Grade at 3-Months Post-Baseline VisitMean GAI Grade at 6-Months Post-Baseline Visit
Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream2.92.42.62.1
Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream2.61.91.20.7

[back to top]

Change in Eye Redness as Measured by the Validated Bulbar Redness Grading Scale

Scoring of ocular redness from clinical photographs will be performed by investigators on a 10 - 100 unit scale as compared to standardized reference photographs per the Validated Bulbar Redness grading scale (10 = minimal redness, 100 = very red) before and after drop instillation. Higher score indicates more redness. (NCT04831047)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 1

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Upneeq Group-2.6
Control Group-0.5

[back to top]

Change in Patient-reported Eye Appearance - FACE-Q Upper Eyelid Appearance

Change in patient-reported upper eyelid appearance will be assessed by patient completion of the FACE-Q Eye Module Survey assessing overall upper eyelid appearance with a sum score of 7 (worst) to 28 (best) at baseline and after drop administration. Higher score indicates a higher level of satisfaction with upper eyelid appearance. (NCT04831047)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 1

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Upneeq Group0.9
Control Group-0.5

[back to top]

Change in Palpebral Fissure Height

Palpebral fissure height will be calculated from the sum of marginal reflex distance 1 and 2 measured from the photograph by Ipad software and recorded by investigators before and after drop instillation. (NCT04831047)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 1

Interventionmm (Mean)
Upneeq Group1.1
Control Group-0.4

[back to top]

Change in Patient-reported Eye Appearance - FACE-Q Eye Appearance

Change in patient-reported eye appearance will be assessed by patient completion of the FACE-Q Eye Module Survey assessing overall eye appearance with a sum score of 7 (worst) to 28 (best) at baseline and after drop administration. Higher score indicates a higher level of satisfaction with eye appearance. (NCT04831047)
Timeframe: Baseline, Day 1

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Upneeq Group4.2
Control Group0.8

[back to top]

Change in Systemic Vascular Resistance Index (SVRI) to Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Index (PVRI) Ratio (Rp:Rs Ratio)

In patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) one anticipates a greater increase in pulmonary vascular resistance as opposed to systemic vascular resistance when vasopressors are administered. (NCT05439460)
Timeframe: Day 1 (at baseline and up to 5 minutes following study drug administration) (Q: 2 minutes - 2 to 5 minutes?)

,,
InterventionRp:Rs ratio (Mean)
BaselineApprox. 2 minutes following drug administration
Arginine Vasopressin0.750.49
Epinephrine0.610.6
Phenylephrine0.80.73

[back to top]